bodotriidae is a family of crustaceans belonging to the order cumacea .

bodotriids have a worldwide distribution in shallow and deep waters .

there are over 380 described species in over 30 genera , being the most diverse cumacean family .

their external morphology is differentiated the one of other cumaceans by a combination of traits that independenlty are not unique to the family : telson fused to the last abdominal segment ( last pleonite ) , dorsal part of the mandible has a boat shape ( naviculoid ) , exopods on the third maxilliped and first peraeopod , and uropodal endopod with one or two articles .

bodotriidae

kento furui added the japanese common name
ナギサクーマ科
to
bodotriidae
.
cumacea i ( fam . archaeocumatidae , lampropidae , bodotriidae , leuconidae ) , pars 7
deep - sea bodotriidae , diastylidae and pseudocumatidae ( cumacea , crustacea ) from the southeastern atlantic .
bodotria jejuensis sp . nov . ( crustacea , cumacea , bodotriidae ) , a new korean cumacean .
new records of bodotriidae ( crustacea : cumacea ) from puerto rico with descriptions of three new species .
deep - sea bodotriidae , diastylidae and pseudocumatidae ( cumacea , crustacea ) from the southeastern atlantic . - pubmed - ncbi
bodotria jejuensis sp . nov . ( crustacea , cumacea , bodotriidae ) , a new korean cumacean . - pubmed - ncbi
new records of bodotriidae ( crustacea : cumacea ) from puerto rico with descriptions of three new species . - pubmed - ncbi
new cumacea species ( crustacea : peracarida ) from the deep - sea expedition diva - 1 with rv “meteor” to the angola basin in july 2000 . families lampropidae , bodotriidae
new cumacea species ( crustacea : peracarida ) from the deep - sea expedition diva - 1 with rv “meteor” to the angola basin in july 2000 . families lampropidae , bodotriidae - sciencedirect
day , j . ( 1975 ) south african cumacea . part i . family bodotriidae , subfamily vaunthompsoniinae . annals of the south african museu m , 66 ( 9 ) , 201–202 .
ortiz , m . & lalana , r . ( 2002 ) una nuevo especie de cumáceo del género cyclaspis ( cumacea , bodotriidae ) , de aguas cubanas . avicennia , 15 , 23–30 .
mühlenhardt - siegel , ute ( 2014 ) : deep - sea bodotriidae , diastylidae and pseudocumatidae ( cumacea , crustacea ) from the southeastern atlantic . zootaxa 3815 ( 3 ) : 301 - 341 , doi : urltoken
kang b . j . & lee , k . s . ( 1995 ) two new species of the family bodotriidae ( crustacea , malacostraca , cumacea ) from korea . korean journal of zoology , 38 , 537–540 .
diversity of forms as shown here in six of the extant families . ( a ) bodotriidae , ( b ) diastylidae , ( c ) leuconidae , ( d ) lampropidae , ( e ) nannastacidae , ( f ) pseudocumatidae
omholt , p . e . & heard , r . w . ( 1982 ) cyclaspis bacescui , new species ( cumacea : bodotriidae ) from the eastern gulf of mexico . journal of crustacean biology , 2 , 1 20–129 .
watling , l . ; gerken , s . ( 2018 ) . world cumacea database . bodotriidae t . scott , 1901 . accessed through : world register of marine species at : urltoken ; = 110378 on 2018 - 07 - 09
muhlenhardt - siegel , u . ( 2005a ) new cumacea species ( crustacea , peracarida ) from the deep - sea expedition diva i with rv
meteor
to the angola basin in july 2000 . families lampropidae , bodotriidae . organisms , diversity and evolution , 5 , 113 - 130 .
mühlenhardt - siegel , u . 2005 . cumacea species ( crustacea : peracarida ) from the deep - sea expedition diva - 1 with rv
meteor
to the angola basin in july 2000 . families lampropidae , bodotriidae . organisms , diversity & evolution 5 suppl . 1 : 113 - 130 . [ details ]
six new deep - sea species from the angola basin are described : the family lampropidae with two species of the genus hemilamprops sars , 1883 , and one paralamprops sars , 1887 ; the family bodotriidae with one new species each of the genera atlantocuma bacescu and muradian , 1974 , bathycuma hansen , 1895 , and cyclaspoides bonnier , 1896 .
nine species of the family diastylidae , two species of the family bodotriidae and one species of the family pseudocumatidae are present in the diva ii and ifremer collections . two new species were recognized and described herein . however , one of the new species has to remain in open nomenclature due to its young developmental stage . the new species are makrokylindrus ( makrokylindrus ) abyssalis , and m . ( adiastylis ) sp . 1 . the distribution range is enlarged based on the new findings for seven species .
. . . since 2012 , eight new species of the genera cumella and nannastacus , one new species of campylaspis and one new genus cumellana , all belonging to the family nannastacidae ( petrescu et al . , 2012petrescu et al . , , 2013petrescu et al . , , 2014apetrescu et al . , , b , 2015 have been described from puerto rico . in addition , three new species and new records of the genera cyclaspis and vaunthompsonia of the family bodotriidae ( petrescu et al . , 2014c ) have been reported from puerto rico . one species , cumella solomoni , has been described from the mesophotic reefs of st . croix , u . s . virgin islands ( petrescu et al . , 2013 ) . . . .
in a continuing effort to describe the cumacean fauna of puerto rico we describe three new species of bodotriidae , a family that has never been reported from puerto rico before . while finding and describing new microcrustacean species may not be an impossible task , if there is available taxonomic expertise , the currently described species were found in large numbers within a short distance from the marine laboratories of the university of puerto rico where the local reefs have been studied for over half a century , highlighting the large gaps that exist in our estimates of caribbean marine diversity . the three new species , cyclaspis gurui sp . nov . , cyclaspis mariae sp . nov . and vaunthompsonia budaii sp . nov . are reported from a fringing reef off la parguera , southwest coast of puerto rico and vaunthompsonia cristata bate , 1858 represents a new record for puerto rico from the mesophotic reefs .
watling , l . ; gerken , s . ( 2018 ) . world cumacea database . mancocumatinae watling , 1977 . accessed through : world register of marine species at : urltoken ; = 157830 on 2018 - 07 - 09
integrated taxonomic information system ( itis ) . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
watling , l . ( 2001 ) . cumacea , in : costello , m . j . et al . ( ed . ) ( 2001 ) . european register of marine species : a check - list of the marine species in europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification . collection patrimoines naturels , 50 : pp . 308 - 310 ( look up in imis ) [ details ]
martin , j . w . , & davis , g . e . ( 2001 ) . an updated classification of the recent crustacea . science series , 39 . natural history museum of los angeles county . los angeles , ca ( usa ) . 124 pp . ( look up in imis ) [ details ] available for editors [ request ]
zimmer , c . ( 1933 ) . cumacea . the fauna of the north sea and baltic , 23 ( 10 . g4 ) . akademische verlagsgesellschaft : leipzig , germany . 70 - 120 pp . ( look up in imis ) [ details ]
male pleopods , 5 pairs , occasionally 3 , 2 , or 0 pairs , with process on the outer edge of the inner ramus .
exopods on maxillipeds and at least pereopod 1 , but may occur on pereopods in the following combinations : in the male , 4 or 1 , occasionally 2 or 3 fully developed pairs , 1 + 2 rudimentary , 2 + 2 rudimentary , or 3 + 1 rudimentary ; in the female , 3 or 1 , occasionally 2 fully developed pairs , 3 + 1 rudimentary , 2 + 2 rudimentary , 2 + 1 rudimentary , or 1 + 2 rudimentary .
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mclaughlin et al . 2005 . common and scientific names of aquatic invertebrates from the united states and canada : crustaceans . american fisheries society special publication 31
bacescu , mihai / gruner , h . - e . , and l . b . holthuis , eds .
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biozentrum grindel und zoologisches museum , martin - luther - king - platz 3 , d - 20146 hamburg ; email : muehsie @ zoologie . uni - hamburg . de .
department of life sciences , dankook university , cheonan , korea 31116 ; email : unknown .
department of life sciences , dankook university , cheonan , korea 31116 ; email : yhkim @ dankook . ac . kr .
a new species of cumacea belonging to the genus bodotria goodsir , 1843 was collected from the jeju - do island , korea . the new speices , bodotria jejuensis sp . nov . is similar to b . similis calman , 1907 , b . rugosa gamô , 1963 , b . carinata gamô , 1964 , and b . biplicata gamô , 1964 in having a pitted carapace , prominent dorso - lateral carina , and unarticulated endopod of uropod . however , longish elliptical shape of carapace , well - developed dorso - lateral carina and distinct lateral ridge are the major characteristics which serve to distinguish the new species from its congeners . the new species is fully illustrated and extensively compared with related species . a key to the korean bodotria species is also provided .
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to cite this page : myers , p . , r . espinosa , c . s . parr , t . jones , g . s . hammond , and t . a . dewey . 2018 . the animal diversity web ( online ) . accessed at https : / / animaldiversity . org .
disclaimer : the animal diversity web is an educational resource written largely by and for college students . adw doesn ' t cover all species in the world , nor does it include all the latest scientific information about organisms we describe . though we edit our accounts for accuracy , we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts . while adw staff and contributors provide references to books and websites that we believe are reputable , we cannot necessarily endorse the contents of references beyond our control .
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jennifer hammock set
file : bodotria scorpioides ( female ) . jpg
as an exemplar on
cumacea
.
katja schulz moved the classifications by wikipedia and nmnh invertebrate zoology resource from iphinoe to neoiphinoe .
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iorgu petrescu grigore antipa’ national museum of natural history , kiseleff 1 , bucharest 011341 , romania .
tapas chatterjee department of biology , indian school of learning , i . s . m . annexe , p . o . – i . s . m . , dhanbad 826004 , jharkhand , india .
nikolaos v . schizas department of marine sciences , university of puerto rico at mayagüez , call box 9000 , mayagüez , pr 00681 , usa .
băcescu , m . ( 1971 ) new cumacea from littoral waters of florida ( caribbean sea ) . travaux du muséum national d’histoire naturelle “grigore antipa” , 11 , 5–23 .
băcescu , m . & petrescu , i . ( 1999 ) ordre des cumacés , in : traité de zoologie . crustaces peracarides , 10 ( 3a ) . memoires de l’institute oceanographique monaco , 19 , 391–428 .
bate , s . ( 1858 ) on the genus scorpionura . natural history review , 5 , 202–205 .
calman , w . t . ( 1907 ) on new and rare crustacea of the order cumacea from the collection of copenhagen museum . part i . transactions of the zoological society of london , 18 , 29 .
calman , w . t . ( 1911 ) on new or rare crustacea of the order cumacea from the collection of the copenhagen museum , part ii . transactions of the zoological society of london , 18 , 341–399 .
calman , w . t . ( 1912 ) the crustacea of the order cumacea in the collection of the united states national museum . proceedings of united states national museum , 41 , 603–676 .
fage , l . ( 1951 ) cumacés , faune de france , 54 , 24–26 .
gamô , s . ( 1962 ) on the cumacean crustacea from tanabe bay , kii peninsula . publication seto marine biology laboratory , 10 , 153–210 .
gamô , s . ( 1967 ) studies on the cumacea ( crustacea , malacostraca ) of japan , part ii . seto marine biological laboratory , 15 , 245–274 .
gardner , t . a . , côté , i . m . , gill , j . a . , grant , a . & watkinson , a . r . ( 2003 ) long - term region - wide declines in caribbean corals . science , 301 , 958–960 .
jones , n . s . ( 1969 ) the systematics and distribution of cumacea from depths exceeding 100 meters - galathea report . scientific results of the danish expedition round the world 1950–1952 , 10 , 100–180 .
jones , n . s . ( 1976 ) british cumaceans . synopses of the british fauna ( new series ) . academic press , london and new york , 16–17 .
petrescu , i . ( 1996 ) cumaceans ( crustacea : cumacea ) from abaco island ( bahamas ) . travaux du muséum national d ' histoire naturelle grigore antipa , 36 , 157–183 .
petrescu , i . ( 1997 ) cumacea , in : results of the zoological expedition organized by “grigore antipa” museum in the indonesian archipelago ( 1991 ) i . peracarida . travaux du muséum national d’histoire naturelle “grigore antipa” , 38 , 115–175 .
petrescu , i . ( 2002 ) cumacea ( crustacea : peracarida ) from belize . travaux du muséum national d’histoire naturelle “grigore antipa” , 44 , 141–203 .
petrescu , i . ( 2003 ) cumacea ( crustacea : peracarida ) from western tropical atlantic . travaux du muséum national d’histoire naturelle “grigore antipa” , 45 , 117–128 .
petrescu , i . ( 2004 ) new mentions of cumaceans ( crustacea : cumacea ) in cuba . travaux du muséum national d’histoire naturelle “grigore antipa” , 47 , 89–95 .
petrescu , i . ( 2008 ) redescriptions of the species cyclaspis goesi ( sars , 1873 ) , cyclaspis unicornis calman , 1907 and the description of a new species : cyclaspis mihaibacescui n . sp . ( crustacea : cumacea ) from the caribbean sea . travaux du muséum national d’histoire naturelle “grigore antipa” , li , 79–96 .
petrescu , i . & iliffe , t . ( 1992 ) contributions to the knowledge of the cumacean species ( crustacea , cumacea ) of british blue holes ( andros island , bahamas islands ) . travaux du muséum national d’histoire naturelle “grigore antipa” , xxxii , 283–301 .
petrescu , i . & iliffe , t . ( 2009 ) new species of cumacea ( crustacea : peracarida : cumacea ) from bahamas . travaux du muséum national d’histoire naturelle “grigore antipa” , lii , 127–141 .
petrescu , i . , chatterjee , t . & schizas , n . v . ( 2012 ) new genus and new species of cumacea ( crustacea ; peracarida ) from the mesophotic coral ecosystem of sw puerto rico , caribbean sea . zootaxa , 3476 , 55–61 .
petrescu , i . , chatterjee , t . & schizas , n . v . ( 2013 ) two new species of the genus cumella ( crustacea : cumacea : nannastacidae ) . associated with mesophotic reefs of puerto rico and st . croix , caribbean sea . cahiers de biologie marine , 54 , 257–262 .
petrescu , i . , chatterjee , t . & schizas , n . v . ( 2014a ) three new nannastacidae ( crustacea : cumacea ) species from a caribbean mesophotic ecosystem . zootaxa , 3765 ( 4 ) , 360–370 . urltoken
petrescu , i . , chatterjee , t . & schizas , n . v . ( 2014b ) new species of cumella ( crustacea : cumacea : nannastacidae ) from mesophotic habitats of mona island , puerto rico , caribbean sea . cahiers de biologie marine , 55 , 183–189 .
petrescu , i . , iliffe , t . & sarbu , s . ( 1993 ) contribution to the knowledge of cumacea ( crustacea ) from littoral waters of jamaica island , including the description of three new species ( i ) . travaux du muséum national d’histoire naturelle “grigore antipa” , 33 , 373–395 .
petrescu , i . , iliffe , t . & sarbu , s . ( 1994 ) contribution to the knowledge of cumaceans ( crustacea ) from littoral waters of jamaica . ii five new species of the genus cumella . travaux du muséum national d’histoire naturelle “grigore antipa” , 36 , 347–367 .
radha devi , a . & kurian c . v . ( 1981 ) three new species of cumacea from the gulf of mexico . bulletin department marine sciences university cochin , xii ( 1 ) , 53–64 .
reaka - kudla , m . l . ( 1997 ) the global biodiversity of coral reefs : a comparison with rain forests . in : biodiversity ii : understanding and protecting our biological resources ( eds . m . l . reaka - kudla , d . e . wilson & e . o . wilson ) , pp . 83–108 . washington , dc : joseph henry press .
reaka - kudla , m . l . ( 2005 ) biodiversity of caribbean coral reefs . in : caribbean marine biodiversity : the known and the unknown ( eds . p . miloslavich & e . klein ) , pp . 259–276 . lancaster , pennsylvania : destech publications .
roccatagliata , d . c . ( 1985 ) three new species of the genus cyclaspis ( cumacea ) from the south - west atlantic with redescription of cyclaspis platymerus zimmer , 1944 . crustaceana , 49 ( 2 ) , 177–192 .
sars , g . o . ( 1871 ) nya arter af cumacea samlade under k . svenska korvetten josephines expedition i atlantiska oceanen år 1869 af f . a . smitt och a . ljungman . öfversigt af kongl . vetenskaps - akademiens förhandlingar , 1 , 71–81 .
sars , g . o . ( 1879 ) middelhavets cumaceer . archiv mathematic og naturvidenskab . kristiania , 4 , 13–22 .
sherman , c . , appeldoorn , r . , ballantine , d . , bejarano , i . , carlo , m . , kesling , d . , nemeth , m . , pagan , f . , ruiz , h . , schizas , n . v . & weil , e . ( 2013 ) exploring the mesophotic zone : diving operations and scientific highlights of three research cruises across puerto rico and us virgin islands . in : lang , m . a . & sayer m . d . j . ( ed . ) , proceedings of the 2013 aaus / aedp curacao joint international scientific diving symposium , dauphin island , al : american academy of underwater sciences , pp 297–312 .
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zimmer , c . ( 1944 ) cumaceen des tropischen westatlantiks . zoologische anzeiger , 144 ( 7 / 8 ) , 1–30 .
cumacea is an order of small marine crustaceans of the superorder peracarida , occasionally called hooded shrimp or comma shrimp . their unique appearance and uniform body plan makes them easy to distinguish from other crustaceans . they live in soft - bottoms such as mud and sand , mostly in the marine environment . there are more than 1 , 500 of species of cumaceans formally described . the species diversity of cumacea increases with depth .
the carapace of a typical cumacean is composed of several fused dorsal head parts and the first three somites of the thorax . this carapace encloses the appendages that serve for respiration and feeding . in most species , there are two eyes at the front side of the head shield , often merged into a single dorsal eye lobe . the five posterior somites of the thorax form the pereon . the pleon ( abdomen ) consists of six cylindrical somites .
the first antenna ( antennule ) has two flagella , the outer flagellum usually being longer than the inner one . the second antenna is strongly reduced in females , and consists of numerous segments in males .
cumaceans are mainly marine crustaceans . however , some species can survive in water with a lower salinity , like brackish water ( e . g . estuaries ) . in the caspian sea they even reach some rivers that flow into it . a few species live in the intertidal zone .
most species live only one year or less , and reproduce twice in their lifetime . deep - sea species have a slower metabolism and presumably live much longer .
. species that live in the mud filter their food , while species that live in sand browse individual grains of sand . in the genus
cycle , with males emerging from the sediment at night and swarming to the surface .
like amphipoda , cumaceans are an important food source for many fishes . therefore , they are an important part of the marine food chain . they can be found on all continents .
cumaceans are a clear example of sexual dimorphism : males and females differ significantly in their appearance . both sexes have different ornaments ( setation , knobs , and ridges ) on their carapace . other differences are the length of the second antenna , the existence of pleopods in males , and the development of a marsupium ( brood pouch ) in females . there are generally more females than males , and females are also larger than their male counterparts .
cumaceans are epimorphic , which means that the number of body segments does not change during development . this is a form of incomplete metamorphosis . females carry the embryos in their marsupium for some time . the larvae leave the marsupium in the manca stage , in which they are almost fully grown and are only missing their last pair of pereiopods .
the order cumacea has been known since 1780 , when ivan ivanovich lepechin described the species
oniscus scorpioides
( now diastylis scorpioides ) . at the time , many scientists thought that the cumaceans were larval stages of decapods . in 1846 , they were recognised as a separate order by henrik nikolaj krøyer . twenty - five years later , about fifty different species had been described , and currently there are more than 1 , 500 described species . the german zoologist carl wilhelm erich zimmer studied the order cumacea very intensively .
h . n . krøyer ( 1846 ) .
on cumaceerne familie
.
( crustacea : cumacea : leuconidae ) in seto inland sea of japan . i . summer diapause and molt cycle
frederick r . schram ; cees h . j . hof ; royal h . mapes ; polly snowdon ( 2003 ) .
shane t . ahyong ; james k . lowry ; miguel alonso ; roger n . bamber ; geoffrey a . boxshall ; peter castro ; sarah gerken ; gordan s . karaman ; joseph w . goy ; diana s . jones ; kenneth meland ; d . christopher rogers ; jörundur svavarsson ( 2011 ) .
decapoda ( shrimp , prawns , crayfish , lobsters , crabs , etc . )
the three most speciose orders are marked in bold ; obelisks ( † ) mark extinct orders .
this article is issued from wikipedia - version of the 11 / 27 / 2016 . the text is available under the creative commons attribution / share alike but additional terms may apply for the media files .
franziska knopf 1 , stefan koenemann 2 , frederick r . schram 3 , carsten wolff 1
we have examined the caudal regions of diverse peracarid and pancarid malacostracans using light and scanning electronic microscopy . the traditional view of malacostracan posterior anatomy is not sustainable , viz . , that the free telson , when present , bears the anus near the base . the anus either can occupy a terminal , sub - terminal , or mid - ventral position on the telson ; or can be located on the sixth pleomere – even when a free telson is present . furthermore , there is information that might be interpreted to suggest that in some cases a telson can be absent . embryologic data indicates that the condition of the body terminus in amphipods cannot be easily characterized , though there does appear to be at least a transient seventh segment that seems to fuse with the sixth segment . our understanding of the genesis of the so - called telson of amphipods could be subject to alternative interpretations than those traditionally put forth .
the variation encountered in the caudal tagma , or posterior - most body region , within crustaceans is striking such that makarov ( 1978 ) , so taken by it , suggested that this region be given its own descriptor , the urosome . in the classic interpretation , the so - called telson of arthropods is homologized with the last body unit in annelida , the pygidium ( westheide and rieger , 1996 ; grüner , 1993 ; hennig , 1986 ) . within that view , the telson and pygidium are said to not be true segments because both structures supposedly lack coelomic sacs and ganglia . likewise , the telson of adult arthropods has been defined as the structure , or region , arising from the posterior - most component of the germ band behind the segment segregating growth zone as demarcated by the teloblasts ( calman , 1909 ) , and such a definition also applies to the pygidium of annelids ( anderson , 1973 ) .
debate about the nature of the caudal tagma has not been frequent , but when it has occurred it has been contentious . sharov ( 1966 ) and bowman ( 1971 ) argued from the viewpoint of gross anatomy that the definition of a telson in crustaceans depends on the presence and location of the anus . according to this line of reasoning two types of non - homologous urosomes can be distinguished : one type , possessing caudal rami and a terminal anus , is not a telson but rather a true body segment , or anal somite ; the other type , exhibiting no caudal rami and with the anus opening on the antero - ventral surface , is a true telson . schminke ( 1976 ) forcefully argued against this interpretation and made detailed reference to the complex caudal region of the bathynellacean syncarids , which exhibit both uropods and relatively elaborate caudal rami .
a parallel issue concerns the presence , location , and numbers of teloblasts vis - a - vis the urosome . true segments are said to occur anterior to this zone of active cell proliferation . however , amphipoda lack ectoteloblasts entirely ( scholtz and dohle , 1996 ) , and the absence of these cells makes it difficult to evaluate what is or is not segmental ectoderm in the group , at least when applying the traditional definition . all the ectodermal cells in amphipods arise out of a process of cell segregation into bands on the germinal disc ( wolff and scholtz , 2002 ) . in artemia , an active growth zone of cells rather than teloblasts generates a mass of tissue for subsequent differentiation without employing any regular cleavage or segregation pattern ( gilbert , 1997 ) .
the advent of developmental genetics has provided other criteria to assess cell status . segments can now be located based on expression patterns of segmentation genes such as engrailed ( patel , 1994 ; scholtz , 1993 , 1995 ) , rather than relying on the location of teloblasts . however , this too must be used with caution . for example , scholtz ( 1995 ) described the patterns of engrailed striping in the crayfish cherax destructor . the pleon in this species develops anterior to the broad , long , bilobed mass of the presumptive telson . the formation of engrailed stripes appears in stages as the germ band grows posteriorly . at 60 % of development , the first six pleomeres are delineated by stripes of engrailed across the entire width of the pleon . however , two additional stripes , a seventh and an eighth , also are present in the center part of the presumptive telson . at 65 % development a further ninth stripe briefly appears . pleomeres 1 through 7 also express engrailed in the anlagen of their ganglia , while the eighth and ninth ectodermal engrailed stripes disappear by the time of 70 - 75 % development . the first seven ganglia of the cherax pleon display the characteristic cns pattern of double commissures . an anlage of the eighth ganglion forms but possesses only a single commissure . nevertheless , out of this ganglion two nerves extend posteriorly into the presumptive telson . the ninth stripe completely disappears , while the anlagen of ganglia 6 through 8 eventually fuse to form a single unit . one might ask whether the ‘telson’ of cherax is segmental in nature , i . e . , composed of fused segments along with the telsonic portion .
thus the pattern of segmentation vis - a - vis the posterior pleon and the presumptive telson are not nearly as easy to characterize in fact as the classic anatomical definitions of the eumalacostracan caudal region would lead us to believe . we believe that the issues raised during the debates of the 1970s about the crustacean body terminus are not settled and are worthy of an across the board study of all crustacean urosomes .
we included a wide array of representative species from all pan - and peracarids in this study ( table 1 ) . specimens were chosen from the various orders for the diversity of form they display . all specimens came from the crustacean collection of the zoological museum , university of amsterdam .
initially , camera lucida drawings of the posterior body regions of specimens were made , though only a few are included herein . subsequently , appropriate specimens were chosen for examination with electron microscopy ( species with an asterisk in the appendix ) with a jeol jsm - 35c scanning electron microscope .
in addition , we studied 4 - d multi - layered photographic sequences of early development in the amphipod orchestia cavimana showing the process of anus formation .
table 1 : extant species examined for this study . * designates taxa studied with sem .
although our immediate goal was not to deal with issues of phylogenetic relationships ( schram and hof , 1998 ) , nonetheless , rather than present taxa in alphabetic order , it proved useful to group our higher taxa ( watling , 1992 ) in some proximity to species to which they bear some relationship .
we examined the species thermosbaena mirabilis , tethysbaena texana , tethysbaena calsi , and halosbaena acanthura . thermosbaena mirabilis has a pleotelson , but all other forms possess a free telson . however , the location of the anus varies to such a degree that one cannot generalize .
bowman ( 1971 ) incorrectly reported a basal anus in thermosbaena ( monod and cals , 1999 ) , while wagner ( 1994 ) mentioned it as subterminal in location . we found that in t . mirabilis ( fig . 1 . 1 ) the anus is found in a terminal position on what is termed the pleotelson ( fig . 1 . 2 ) . ventrally one can see that the uropods insert on the posterior aspect of what could be considered the sixth pleomere , while dorsally a continuous pleotelson unit is expressed extending posterior to the attachment of the ventral uropods .
by contrast , the telson is free in tethysbaena texana ( fig . 1 . 3 ) as well as t . calsi ( fig . 1 . 6 ) , and the anus is situated subterminally in the former species on the ventral surface of a free telson ( fig . 1 . 4 ) and terminally in the latter species ( fig . 1 . 5 ) , confirming wagner ( 1994 ) . this arrangement challenges bowman’s axiom that an anus “never occurs” in any ( near ) terminal position on a true telson . however , we note that halosbaena acanthura displays a mid - ventral position for the anus ( fig . 1 . 7 ) on the free telson ( fig . 1 . 8 ) , and this is inconsistent with the statements made by wagner ( 1994 ) that in the thermosbaenaceans the anus is always situated subterminally , or schminke ( 1976 ) , who writes that thermosbaenaceans have a terminal anus .
fig . 1 . thermosbaenacea . ( 1 ) thermosbaena mirabilis , pleon ( ventral view ) , with anus opening terminally on the pleotelson . ( 2 ) t . mirabilis , habitus ( lateral view ) , with uropods inserting at a medium level on the pleotelson ( from wagner , 1994 ) . ( 3 ) tethysbaena texana , pleomere six and telson , dorsal view . ( 4 ) t . texana , pleomere six , telson and left uropod , ventral view , with anus situated subterminally on the free telson . ( 5 ) tethysbaena calsi , pleomere six , telson and uropods , ventral view , with anus almost terminal on telson . ( 6 ) t . calsi , telson , dorsal view ( from wagner , 1994 ) . ( 7 ) halosbaena acanthura , posterior part of pleon , ventral view , with anus situated mid - ventrally on telson . ( 8 ) h . acanthura , telson dorsal view ( from wagner , 1994 ) . a = anus , pl 6 = pleomere 6 , pt = pleotelson , t = telson ( free ) , u = uropod .
the mysidaceans are frequently allocated a basal position within peracarida ; there are two living groups , mysida and lophogastrida . both groups possess a rather long and a more - or - less flattened telson that together with the uropods forms a tail fan . the long , extended pleon contains six well - developed pleomeres . the anus opens at the base of the telson ( fig . 2 ) , which is the typical position seen in other pelagic and epibenthic malacostracans with tail fans . this is also true for the extinct order pygocephalomorpha , which is often aligned with the living mysidaceans ( schram , 1986 ) .
fig . 2 . mysida ( 1 ) mysis relicta , pleomere six and telson , ventral view , with anus opening at base of telson . ( 2 ) m . relicta , details of anus , note complex structure of folds and setose valves around anus . a = anus , pl 6 = pleomere 6 , t = telson .
the anus of the mysidans opens ventrally at the base of the very elongate separate telson ( fig . 2 . 1 ) , as we confirmed in mysis relicta and praunus flexuosus . the anus in the former is clearly guarded by a complex series of folds and valves ( fig . 2 . 2 ) . several early investigators suggested that a seventh mesodermal somite in mysid embryos was an indication of a seventh pleonal segment ( manton , 1928 ; nair 1939 ) , but any such seventh pleomere is not traceable in adult mysidans .
interestingly , the adult lophogastrids possess a transverse furrow within the last pleonal segment , suggesting that this sixth pleomere originally consists of two components ( grüner , 1993 ; schram , 1986 ) . examination of engrailed expression within these two groups should lend insight into the developmental patterning of the urosome region .
the mictaceans currently include two families , the mictocarididae bowman and iliffe , 1985 and the hirsutiidae sanders et al . , 1985 . their relatively recent discovery precluded their being treated in bowman ( 1971 ) . the telson of the mictaceans is free and not fused to the sixth pleonal somite . the anus of mictocaris halope is definitely situated at the base of the telson ( fig . 3 . 1 ) . however , the situation is dramatically different in hirsutia sandersetalia . just and poore ( 1988 : 488 ) pointed out that “in hirsutia the anus opens ventrally at the extreme posterior end of the telson” and they drew “ . . . attention to the fact that the two mictacean families are very different in this point” . a terminal location of the anus was also reported for thetispelecaris yurikago ( fig . 3 . 2 ; gutu and iliffe , 1998 ; gutu , 2001 ; ohtsuka et al . , 2002 ) , a taxon that was placed in the family hirsutiidae by gutu ( 2001 ) .
fig . 3 . mictacea . ( 1 ) mictocaris halope , pleomere six , telson and uropods , ventral view , with anus situated basally on telson . ( 2 ) thetispelecarisyurikago , pleomere six , telson and part of right uropod , ventral view , with anus opening terminally on telson ( modified from ohtsuka et al . , 2002 ) . a = anus , pl 6 = pleomere 6 , t = telson , u = uropod .
fig . 4 . spelaeogriphacea . ( 1 ) spelaeogriphus lepidops , pleomere six and telson , dorsal view ( modified from gordon , 1957 ) . ( 2 ) potiicoara brasiliensis , pleomere six and telson , base of uropods indicated , ventral view . ( 3 ) mangkurtu mityula , pleomere six and telson , base of uropods indicated , ventral view revealing an apparent basal anus . ( 4 ) mangkurtu kutjarra , sem of posterior terminus , note that the distal portion of the telson has been broken off to reveal the placement of the anus posterior to the sixth pleomere between the attachment points of the uropods . a = anus , g = gut , pl 6 = pleomere 6 , t = telson , u = uropod .
though the general body habitus of cumacea is very consistent across members of the group ( bulbous cephalothorax , long and thin pleon ; fig . 5 . 5 ) , they display some striking variations regarding the body terminus . there are some eight families of cumaceans ( grüner , 1993 ; schram , 1986 ) , for which the phylogenetic relationships are just beginning to become clear ( haye et al . , 2004 ) . what had been thought to be two clades of families with and without a free telson , to be appears a paraphyletic stem composed of the families with a free telson , and a terminal clade with families possessing a so - called pleotelson . bowman believed that certain cumacean families do not have a telson ; while for schminke all cumaceans have a telson but that in three of the families it is fused with the last pleomere .
we observed that five of the eight cumacean families ( lampropidae , pseudocumatidae , ceratocumatidae , gynodiastylidae and diastylidae ) possess a free telson of varying size and form , and the anus is located in different positions on these telson . in diastylis goodsiri ( fig . 5 . 1 ) , the anus is located basally on a long telson . pseudocuma longicornis ( figs . 5 . 2 , 5 . 3 ) carries a basal anus on a shorter rounded telson . however , lamprops fasciatus ( fig . 5 . 4 ) has the anus located somewhat more posteriorly . furthermore , the gynodiastylid , allodiastylis cretata ( fig . 5 . 5 ) , displays a terminal anus on the telson . finally , in the ceratocumatids , while the telson is very small and rounded , and separated from pleomere six ( kaestner , 1993 ; bishop , 1980 ) , the exact position of the anus is not clear .
fig . 5 . cumacea . ( 1 ) diastylis goodsiri , pleomere six and elongate telson , ventral view ; shape of telson typical for diastylidae . ( 2 ) pseudocuma longicornis , telson , dorsal view , with small rounded telson . ( 3 ) p . longicornis , pleomere six , telson and uropods , ventral view , with anus located basally on telson . ( 4 ) lamprops fasciatus , pleomere six and telson , ventral view . ( 5a ) allodiastylis cretata , habitus ( lateral view ) , with anus in terminal position on telson ( arrow ) ; ( 5b ) a . cretata , caudal area with pleomere six , left uropod , and a long telson with terminal anus ( modified from gerken , 2001 ) . ( 6 ) campylaspis sp . , pleomere six , without telson ? and right uropod , dorsal view ( modified from zimmer , 1980 ) . ( 7 ) iphinoe elisae , pleomere five , last body unit and left uropod ( partly removed ) , lateral view , with anus located beneath dorsal flap . ( 8 ) nannastacus gibbosus , last body joint and uropods , ventral view , revealing small dorsal flap ( arrow ; telson rudiment ? ) that is not separated from the last body joint . ( 9 ) leucon bacescui , last body unit ( = pleotelson ) and left uropod , dorsal view ( from petrescu , 1994 ) . a = anus , pl 6 = pleomere 6 , pt = pleotelson , t = telson ( free ) , u = uropod .
the living tanaidaceans have one important feature in common : they all lack a free telson . in contrast , the extinct anthracocaridomorpha , which is currently comprised of two families and four genera ( schram et al . , 1986 ; gutu and sieg , 1999 ) , carried a separated telson . in the lower carboniferous species , anthracocaris scotica , the telson is rather long ( fig . 6 . 1 ) ; in the permian form , ophthalmapseudes rhenanus , it is rather short ( fig . 6 . 2 ) ; between these is the upper carboniferous ( pennsylvanian ) eucryptocaris ascherorum , with a telson intermediate in length ( schram et al . , 1986 ) .
some differences of opinion exist concerning the urosome of the recent tanaidaceans . the majority maintain that the posterior part of the pleon represents a pleotelson ( schram , 1986 ) . nevertheless , bowman ( 1971 ) suggested that the last ‘segment’ of recent tanaidacea should be interpreted simply as the sixth pleonal , or anal , somite , i . e . , the tanaidaceans lack any telson component . we noted that the anus displays a distinct posterior ventral orientation , as in apseudes latreilli ( figs . 6 . 3 - 5 ) . this arrangement is similar to that seen in ophthalmapseudes rhenanus , a taxon characterized by the possession of both six pleomeres , and a short free telson .
fig . 6 . tanaidacea . ( 1 ) anthracocaris scotica , habitus , dorsal ( a ) and lateral ( b ) views , extinct form with long flat telson ; note that last pleomere ( six ) longer than any of the preceding ones ( arrow ) ( from schram et al . , 1986 ) . ( 2 ) ophtalmapseudes rhenanus , habitus , dorsal ( a ) and lateral ( b ) views , extinct species with very short telson ; note that sixth pleomere differs in length from preceding pleomeres ( arrow ) ( from schram et al . , 1986 ) . ( 3 ) apseudes latreilli , pleomeres three to six , and part of uropods ( right uropod broken ) , dorsal view ; note anal valves projecting beyond hind margin of the last body unit . ( 4 and 5 ) a . latreilli , pleomere five and last body unit , ventral view , with subterminal anus . a = anus , pl 5 = pleomere 5 , pl 6 = pleomere 6 , t = telson , u = uropod .
the majority of isopods possess a pleotelson formed by the fusion of the telson and one to several pleomeres . a suture is often visible between the sixth pleomere and the telson , e . g . , in young stages of many asellidae , which possess a pleotelson in the adult stage ( see roman and dalens , 1999 ) .
most isopods have the anus more or less situated on pleomere 6 , as a part of the pleotelson . in the species we examined , the telson is at least fused to the sixth pleonal segment , but often a fusion with even more anterior pleomeres has taken place , e . g . , sphaeroma hookeri or idotea baltica , with the five sets of pleopods partly embedded in the pleonal respiratory chamber ( atemkammer ) . the arrangement of the sixth pleomere relative to the telson is nicely illustrated by the terrestrial isopod porcellio scaber ( oniscidea ) , where we can see a suture separating the telsonic part from the pleomeral part in ventral view ( fig . 7 . 1 ) . the dorsal equivalent of this suture is visible in young specimens . the anus proper is located at a mid - ventral position on the pleotelson anterior to the suture between the telsonic part and pleomere 6 . the uropods insert rather distally , but generally an out - growth projects posteriorly between the uropods representing the remnants of the former telson . however , while the presence of a pleotelson is not doubted for most isopods , nevertheless , the variability can be complex .
the asellote , proasellus coxalis , possesses a pleon with a highly fused array of segments ( fig . 7 . 2 ) . only the first and second pleomeres are free , a condition peculiar to asellota . a rather small telson is incorporated into this fused unit , although we noted a slight suture between the fused portion of the pleon ( pleomeres three to six ) and the distal extension ( putative telsonic part ) . the asellote anus is located at the level of the insertion of the uropods on the putative pleonal part of the pleotelson ( fig . 7 . 3 ) . this condition corresponds to what we see on an undetermined species of microcerberus we examined , but there too the fusion pattern of pleomeres is very complex . pleomeres one and two are free segments and the remaining four segments are fused to one terminal unit about as long as the preceding free pleomeres . however , there is no extension of the pleon reaching further posterior than the onset of the uropods . the anus lies between the uropods ( fig . 7 . 4 ) , and hence there seems to be no portion attributable to a telson ( fig . 7 . 5 ) . the small vestige of the telson noted in proasellus coxalis is possibly equivalent to that which is completely reduced in microcerberus . this may be connected with the interstitial life style of microcerberus .
in the anthuridean , cyathura carinata , pleomeres one to five are fused to each other ( fig . 7 . 6 ) . no distinct pleomeres are present , while in contrast the portion that corresponds to pleomere six bears the uropods . the free telson is flat and together with the uropods comprises a tail fan ( fig . 7 . 7 ) .
another anatomically interesting arrangement occurs in phreatoicidea , an ancient suborder ( schram , 1986 ; wilson and keable , 2002 ) . for example , phreatoicopsis sp . , exhibits a characteristic form of the pleotelson , which is circular in posterior view and exhibits a truncate posterior margin with the anus shielded within a recess ( fig . 7 . 8 ) . however , since the anus lays some distance posterior to the uropod insertions , this terminal unit is considered a pleotelson ( erhard , 1998 ) .
fig . 7 . isopoda . ( 1 ) porcellio scaber , pleotelson , uropods removed , ventral view ; note ventral suture separating putative telson part of pleotelson ; anus apparently on pleonal part of the pleotelson . ( 2 and 3 ) proasellus coxalis , pleotelson and right uropod , ventral view . though there is a complex fusion within the pleon of this species , a suture towards the dorsal out - growth was seen in some specimens ( not shown ) . the anus does not belong to the out - growth ( putative telsonic part ) but rather to the pleonal part of the pleotelson . ( 4 and 5 ) microcerberus sp . , pleomere two , fused pleomeres three to six and uropods ( gut indicated ) , ventral view ; note that hind margin of terminal unit is truncated , with anus opening terminally between uropods ( indicating possibly an absent telson in species of this genus ) . ( 6 and 7 ) cyathura carinata , pleon ( gut indicated ) , ventral view , with pleomeres one to five fused whereas sixth pleomere and telson are free ; note anus on sixth pleomere . ( 7 ) phreatoicopsis terricola , last body unit and right uropod ( posterior and lateral view ) , with anus opening terminally ( = truncated pleotelson ? ) ( from wilson and keable , 2002 ) . a = anus , g = gut , p 1 - 5 = fused first five pleomeres , pt = pleotelson , t = telson , u = uropod .
the amphipods are a very interesting group in regard to their caudal region even beyond the fact that they possess three pairs of uropods and display a thin , flat telson that is often deeply cleft ( fig . 8 . 1 ) . carlton and schmitz ( 1989 : 90 ) , while investigating the gut anatomy of gammarus minus , stated that the anus “opens ventrally as a slit at the base of the telson” . our examination of the same species uncovered no coalescence of anal structures with that of the telson in adults . furthermore , an examination of all the major groups of amphipods revealed that the anus is not associated with what is generally referred to as the telson . instead , the anus clearly opens at the posterior end of the sixth pleomere ( figs . 8 . 1 - 3 ; see also bowman , 1971 ) . for example , we noted in gammarus minus the anus appears on the posterior surface of the sixth pleomere ventral to the telson . an identical arrangement occurs in hyalella neonema ( fig . 8 . 4 ) , which has an uncleft telson . furthermore , the embryonic generation of this pattern presents some unusual features ( see below ) .
fig . 8 . amphipoda . ( 1 ) gammarus minus , pleomere six and cleft telson ( ventral view ) . ( 2 and 3 ) gammarus minus , dorsal and posterior view on pleomere six ( uropods removed ) , with anus opening terminally on pleomere six ; note the lack of coalescence of anus with telson . ( 4 ) hyallela neonema , telson appears as a single fused shelf , anus exiting on posterior side of sixth pleomere hidden between the third uropods . a = anus , pl 6 = pleomere 6 , t = telson , u = uropod points of attachment .


acetes is a genus of small shrimp that resemble krills , which is native throughout the seas of asia .

several of its species are important for the production of shrimp paste in southeast asia , including acetes japonicus , which is the world 's most heavily fished species of wild shrimp or prawn in terms of total tonnage .

in southeast asia , acetes have different local names depending on the country .

it is known as rebon in indonesia , geragau in malaysia and brunei , alamang in the philippines , among others .

acetes

choose one > acetes aff . indicus cifefgb - kj - 0045 > acetes aff . sibogae cifefgb - kj - 0042 > acetes americanus > acetes chinensis > acetes indicus > acetes japonicus > acetes serrulatus > acetes sibogae > acetes sp . ht - 2010nc > acetes sp . ht - 2010st > acetes sp . ht - 2010tw > acetes sp . kym - 2009 all lower taxonomy nodes ( 14 )
species acetes spiniger hansen , 1919 accepted as acetes indicus h . milne edwards , 1830
canonical name : acetes indicus name string : acetes indicus h . milne edwards , 1830
species acetes sibogalis achuthankutty & m . j . george , 1973 accepted as acetes sibogae sibogae hansen , 1919 ( synonym )
worms - world register of marine species - acetes h . milne edwards , 1830
preparation of edible powder from jawla ( acetes sp . ) prawns [ 1980 ]
full text of
26 . ijasr shelf life of pasteurized acetes ajay sonavane
full text of
26 . ijasr shelf life of pasteurized acetes ajay sonavane
worms - world register of marine species - acetes indicus h . milne edwards , 1830
preparation and functional evaluation of oligopeptide - enriched hydrolysate from shrimp ( acetes chinensis ) treated with crude protease from bacillus sp . sm98011
preparation and functional evaluation of oligopeptide - enriched hydrolysate from shrimp ( acetes chinensis ) treated with crude protease from bacillus sp . sm98011 .
preparation and functional evaluation of oligopeptide - enriched hydrolysate from shrimp ( acetes chinensis ) treated with crude protease from bacillus sp . sm98011 - sciencedirect
kishinouye , k . , 1905 . on a species of acetes from japan . — annotationes zoologicae japonenses 5 : 163 - 167 . [ details ]
preparation and functional evaluation of oligopeptide - enriched hydrolysate from shrimp ( acetes chinensis ) treated with crude protease from bacillus . . . - pubmed - ncbi
( of acetes cochinensis rao , 1970 ) rao , p . v . , 1970 . a new species of shrimp , acetes cochinensis ( crustacea : decapoda : sergestidae ) from southwest coast of india with an account of its larval development . — journal of the marine biological association of india 10 [ for 1968 ] : 298 - 320 . [ details ]
the shrimps of the genus acetes from the family of sergestidae , are a minor planktonic crustacean group represented by a small number of species but are one of the economically important organisms in asian and east african waters ( omori , 1975 ) . basically , the representatives of this family are marine or marine and estuarine . acetes inhabit the estuaries and coastal waters of the tropical , subtropical and temperate regions ( omori , 1975 ) in generally less than 50 m depth . they can withstand the great change of salinity . acetes aggregate conspicuously near the shore during certain part of the year .
( of acetes dispar hansen , 1919 ) hansen , h . j . , 1919 . the sergestidae of the siboga - expedition . — siboga expeditie 38 : 1 - 65 , plates 1 - 7 . [ details ]
( of acetes spiniger hansen , 1919 ) hansen , h . j . , 1919 . the sergestidae of the siboga - expedition . — siboga expeditie 38 : 1 - 65 , plates 1 - 7 . [ details ]
colefax , a . n . 1940 ,
an australian species of acetes ( crustacea macrura , sergestidae ) with remarks on the distribution and literature of the genus
, records of the australian museum , vol . 20 , pp . 341 - 352
hanamura , y . 1999 ,
occurrence of acetes sibogae hansen ( crustacea : decapoda : sergestidae ) in western australia , with notes on the northern australian population
, records of the western australian museum , vol . 19 , pp . 465 - 468
acetes range approximately 10 - 40 mm in body length ( omori , 1975 ) . the females are somewhat larger than the males ( arshad et al . , 2007 ) . the body is transparent or semi - transparent with black cornea and pairs of red pigment spots which are considered to be photogenic by okada ( 1928 ) , on the basipod and endopod of the uropods . the life span of acetes is less than 3 - 10 months and the adult die soon after spawning ( omori , 1975 ) .
the sergistid shrimp , acetes sp . contributes seasonal fishery along the maharashtra coast . the article provide the details regarding the landing of different species of this sergistid shrimp in three fish landing centres namely versova , sassoon dock and trombay of bombay coast . the biological studies like body measurements gut content analysis and maturity stages were also studied . it was anticipated that this fishery resource can fetch better foreign exchange .
how to cite this article : aziz arshad , s . m . n . amin , wan nurul izzah , d . aziz and r . ara , 2013 . morphometric variation among the populations of planktonic shrimp , acetes japonicus in the west coast of peninsular malaysia . asian journal of animal and veterinary advances , 8 : 194 - 204 . doi : 10 . 3923 / ajava . 2013 . 194 . 204 url : urltoken
zheng xiao - jie1 , li yan1 , fang dao - zeng2 , zhang jing1 , xu jing1 , ( 1 . wenzhou science and technology vocational college , wenzhou academy of agricultural sciences , wenzhou 325006 , zhejiang , china ; 2 . wenzhou institutc of technology testing and calibration , wenzhou 325000 , zhejiang china ) ; studies on reduced pressure condense technology of acetes chinensis [ j ] ; food research and development ; 2010 - 08
study sites and sampling : samples of acetes specimens were collected from four different areas in west coast of peninsular malaysia which were sg . berembang , perlis ( 6°2100 . 04″n 100°0859 . 84″e ) , sg . baharu , perlis ( 6°2002 . 58″n 100°0959 . 24″e ) , pantai bersih , penang ( 5°2536 . 34″n 100°2230 . 13″e ) , klebang besar , malacca ( 2°1301 . 94″n 102°1145 . 78″e ) during march 2007 ( fig . 1 ) .
in total , five species of acetes ( a . indicus , a . japonicus , a . intermedius , a . vulgaris and a . serrulatus ) were recorded from the different coastal region of malaysia ( amin et al . , 2010 ) . acetes indicus was mainly reported from the coastal waters of malacca and perak . the widely distributed shrimp of a . japonicus is found from the coastal waters of malacca , perak , penang , kedah and perlis . a . intermedius was recorded for the first time ( arshad et al . , 2007 ) from the coastal waters of klebang besar in malacca . there was no record of this species before in malacca waters . in addition , a . vulgaris and a . serrulatus were found in the coastal waters of johor bahru . a . japonicus are widely distributed around the world . it is reported from japan , india and vietnam ( omori , 1975 ) and from bangladesh ( zafar , 2000 ) .
( of acetes dispar hansen , 1919 ) de grave , s . & c . h . j . m . fransen . ( 2011 ) . carideorum catalogus : the recent species of the dendrobranchiate , stenopodidean , procarididean and caridean shrimps ( crustacea : decapoda ) . zool . med . leiden . 85 ( 9 ) : 30 . ix . 2011 : 195 - 589 figs 1 - 59 . ( look up in imis ) [ details ] available for editors [ request ]
( of acetes cochinensis rao , 1970 ) de grave , s . & c . h . j . m . fransen . ( 2011 ) . carideorum catalogus : the recent species of the dendrobranchiate , stenopodidean , procarididean and caridean shrimps ( crustacea : decapoda ) . zool . med . leiden . 85 ( 9 ) : 30 . ix . 2011 : 195 - 589 figs 1 - 59 . ( look up in imis ) [ details ] available for editors [ request ]
( of acetes spiniger hansen , 1919 ) de grave , s . & c . h . j . m . fransen . ( 2011 ) . carideorum catalogus : the recent species of the dendrobranchiate , stenopodidean , procarididean and caridean shrimps ( crustacea : decapoda ) . zool . med . leiden . 85 ( 9 ) : 30 . ix . 2011 : 195 - 589 figs 1 - 59 . ( look up in imis ) [ details ] available for editors [ request ]
the preparation processing of liquid flavor seasoning using by - products of acetes as raw materials was introduced in this study . results indicated that the optimal enzymatic hydrolysis condition was initial ph 8 . 0 , 8 h of hydrolysis time , and 0 . 6 % enzyme amount . the degree of hydrolysis was 39 . 2 % under the optimal condition . the final products exhibited strong delicious flavor . moreover , microorganism , physical and chemical index was met the requirements of national standard . therefore , it is suitable for flavor seasoning .
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urltoken
en - akiami paste shrimp , fr - chevrette akiami , sp - camaroncillo akiami .
indo - west pacific west coast of india to korea , japan , china and indonesia .
total length 11 to 24 mm ( male ) , 15 to 30 mm ( female ) .
fao catalogue vol . 1 - shrimps and prawns of the world . an annotated catalogue of species of interest to fisheries . l . b . holthuis . 1980 . fao fisheries synopsis no . 125 , volume 1 .
milne edwards , h . , 1830 . description des genres glaucothoe , sicyonie , sergeste et acete , de l’ordre des crustacés décapodes . — annales des sciences naturelles ( 1 ) 19 : 333 - 352 . [ details ]
barnard , k . h . ( 1950 ) . descriptive catalogue of south african decapod crustacea ( crabs and shrimps ) . annals of the south african museum . 38 : 1 - 837 . ( look up in imis ) [ details ]
pérez farfante , i . ; kensley , b . ( 1997 ) . penaeoid and sergestoid shrimps and prawns of the world . keys and diagnoses for the families and genera . mémoires du muséum national d’histoire naturelle . 175 : 1 - 233 . [ details ]
de grave , s . & c . h . j . m . fransen . ( 2011 ) . carideorum catalogus : the recent species of the dendrobranchiate , stenopodidean , procarididean and caridean shrimps ( crustacea : decapoda ) . zool . med . leiden . 85 ( 9 ) : 30 . ix . 2011 : 195 - 589 figs 1 - 59 . ( look up in imis ) [ details ] available for editors [ request ]
fischer , w . & g . bianchi ( eds . ) ( 1984 ) . fao species identification sheets for fisheries purposes : western indian ocean . fao , rome . [ details ]
liu j . y . [ ruiyu ] ( ed . ) . ( 2008 ) . checklist of marine biota of china seas . china science press . 1267 pp . ( look up in imis ) [ details ] available for editors [ request ]
erm . ( 1998 ) . fisheries resources and fishing operations in hong kong waters . final report . submitted to agriculture & fisheries department , the hong kong sar government . [ details ]
ortmann , a . e . ( 1893 ) . decapoden und schizopoden . in : hensen , v . ( ed . ) , ergebnisse der plankton - expedition der humboldt - stiftung . kiel und leipzig , lipsius und tischer . 2 : 1 - 120 , 7pls . [ details ]
integrated taxonomic information system ( itis ) . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
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hansen , h . j . , 1919 . the sergestidae of the siboga - expedition . — siboga expeditie 38 : 1 - 65 , plates 1 - 7 . [ details ]
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urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : 354533fa - 9baf - 497a - 82ac - fc8585febd2d
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aziz arshad , s . m . n . amin , wan nurul izzah , d . aziz and r . ara
there is a lack of information on the morphometric variation among the populations of a . japonicus . however , detail studies on population biology on this species have been reported by amin and arshad ( 2010 ) . hence , the present study was to estimate the morphometric variation in the populations of a . japonicus from the west coast of peninsular malaysia .
diagrammatic representation of morphometric characteristics , total length ( tl ) , standard length ( sl ) carapace length ( cl ) , abdomen length ( al ) and telson length ( tll ) used for a . japonicus
species identification : ten grams sub - samples from the main sample were taken to approximately 3 replicates . specimens were identified using a nikon dissecting microscope in the laboratory . a . japonicus specimen was identified using the reference of omori ( 1975 ) . the sex determination was based on external characters . the species of a . japonicus were separated into male and female on the presence of clasping spine or petasma . under digital microscope ( keyence vhx - 500 ) , five morphometrical measurements were taken for each individual ( fig . 2 ) . the wet weight of specimen was recorded using electronic balance . each measurement was done to the nearest 0 . 01 mm while individual total weight was recorded to the nearest 0 . 01 mg . morphometric data were analysed using one - way anova and primer 5 software for cluster analysis .
length - frequency analysis : total length of a . japonicus was considered for this analysis . in total 100 specimens of a . japonicus ( 50 male and 50 female ) from sg . berembang , sg . baharu , pantai bersih and klebang besar were measured for its total length . then length - frequency was analyzed using the minitab 14 and spss software .
length - weight relationship : the relationship between total length and body weight was expressed by the equation ( le cren , 1951 ) w = al b where w is total weight ( mg ) and l is total length ( mm ) , a is intercept ( condition factor ) and b is the slope ( growth coefficient ) . the equation was transformed into a logarithmic form ; log w = log a + b log l and from that , parameters a and b were estimated by least squares linear regression . the coefficient of determination ( r 2 ) was used as an indicator of the quality of linear regression ( scherrer , 1984 ) . additionally , 95 % confidence limits of the parameter b and the statistical significance level of r 2 were estimated .
length - length relationship : for establishing the length - length relationship , total length and carapace length were considered in the least squares method as y = a + bx . the 95 % confidence limits of the parameter b and the statistical significance level of r 2 were estimated for the relationship .
morphometric variation : the mean±standard deviation ( sd ) values and ranges of morphometric characters for male a . japonicus are presented in the corresponding table 1 .
morphometric characters of males a . japonicas collected from four different locations of peninsular malaysia
* significant at the 5 % level at p < 0 . 05 , no . of specimens ( a . japonicus ) examined in each location is 50
morphometric characters of females a . japonicas collected from four different locations of peninsular malaysia
* significant at the 5 % level at p < 0 . 05 , ns : not significant at the 5 % level at p > 0 . 05 , number of specimens ( a . japonicus ) examined in each location is 50
the total length of the 200 specimens of male a . japonicus ranged from 9 . 24 - 15 . 81 mm with a mean of 12 . 25±1 . 46 mm and the standard length ranged from 8 . 17 - 14 . 10 mm with a mean of 10 . 85±1 . 31 mm . the larger shrimp was found in the klebang besar population whilst the smallest individual was from pantai bersih population . analysis of variance showed that shrimp samples from the four sites differed significantly ( p < 0 . 05 ) based on morphometric characters . it is revealed that the population from klebang besar , malacca has the largest mean size in all morphometric characters than other stations .
the mean±sd values and ranges of morphometric characters for female a . japonicus are presented in table 2 . in the female population , the total length of the 200 specimens of a . japonicus ranged from 9 . 17 - 22 . 0 mm with a mean of 14 . 9±2 . 21 mm and the standard length ranged from 8 . 07 - 19 . 25 mm with a mean of 13 . 25±1 . 96 mm . the biggest and also the smallest shrimp individuals were found in the sg . berembang . the anova showed that the mean difference of tl , sl , cl and al amongst the four populations were highly significant ( p < 0 . 05 ) . no significant different was observed amongst the telson length of four populations ( p > 0 . 05 ) . as observed in male population , the female sample from klebang besar has the largest mean length in all morphometric characters observed .
dendrogram based on male morphometric characters showed three clusters amongst the populations ( fig . 3 ) . sg . berembang and pantai bersih populations were clustered in one group , sg . baharu was in another group and both groups were well separated from the klebang besar population . the highest morphometric resemblance is observed between sg . berembang and pantai bersih populations which fall under the same group with 99 . 64 % of similarity ( table 3 ) .
similarity matrix ( % ) of male a . japonicus population among four stations in the west coast of peninsular malaysia
dendrogram of four populations of male a . japonicus based on morphometric characters collected from the west coast of peninsular malaysia
dendrogram of four populations of female a . japonicus based on morphometric characters collected from the west coast of peninsular malaysia
dendrogram based on female morphometric characters showed three clusters amongst the populations ( fig . 4 ) . sg . berembang and pantai bersih populations were clustered in one group , sg . baharu population was in another group and both groups were well separated from the klebang besar population .
this pattern seems to be the same as observed in male population . the highest morphometric resemblance was observed between sg . berembang and pantai bersih populations which fall under the same group as in male population but with a similarity of 99 . 7 % ( table 4 ) . the lowest similarity was observed between the population of klebang besar and pantai bersih ( 97 . 83 % ) .
length - frequency distribution : figure 5 and 6 shows the size frequency distribution of two different groups ( males and females ) of a . japonicus in four selected sites located on the west coast of peninsular malaysia . the total lengths ( mm ) were plotted against the frequency . apparently , the histograms show that the size distribution of the two groups of a . japonicus was normally distributed ( bell - shaped ) . the mean total lengths for sg . berembang populations were 11 . 82±1 . 42 and 14 . 55±2 . 57 mm for male and female , respectively . in males the minimum and maximum total lengths were 9 . 71 and 15 . 25 mm and in females , they were 9 . 17 and 22 mm , respectively ( table 5 ) . the female was on average 2 . 73 larger than male .
similarity matrix ( % ) of female a . japonicus population among stations in the west coast of peninsular malaysia
descriptive statistics for the total length ( tl ) of male and female a . japonicas collected from the west coast of peninsular malaysia
length - frequency distribution of both sexes a . japonicus collected from different locations of west coast of peninsular malaysia
length - frequency distribution of female a . japonicus collected from four locations of west coast of peninsular malaysia
the mean total lengths for sg . baharu populations were 12 . 10±1 . 23 and 14 . 87±2 . 17 mm for male and female , respectively . in males , the minimum and maximum total lengths were 9 . 55 and 14 . 50 mm and in females , they were 9 . 19 and 21 . 00 mm , respectively ( table 5 ) . the female was on average 2 . 77 larger than male . the mean total lengths for pantai bersih populations were 11 . 65±1 . 04 and 14 . 44±1 . 92 mm for male and female , respectively . in males , the minimum and maximum total lengths were 9 . 24 and 14 . 00 mm and in females , they were 11 . 50 and 20 . 25 mm , respectively ( table 5 ) . the female was on average 2 . 79 larger than male . the mean total lengths for klebang besar were 13 . 44±1 . 40 and 15 . 73±1 . 94 mm for male and female , respectively . in males , the minimum and maximum total lengths were 10 . 25 and 15 . 81 mm and in females , they were 11 . 40 and 20 . 00 mm , respectively ( table 5 ) . the female was on average 2 . 29 larger than male .
sex ratio : a total number of 941 specimens of a . japonicus were examined from four sites with 327 ( 34 . 8 % ) males and 614 ( 65 . 2 % ) females . the overall sex ratio for four observed locations was found to be 1 : 1 . 88 ( males : females ) . the specimens from sg . berembang and pantai bersih populations have a higher ratio of males to females with 1 : 2 . 37 and 1 : 2 . 68 compared to sg . baharu and klebang besar in which the ratio of males to females was found to be approximately close to 1 : 1 .
length - weight relationship : the length - weight relationship for male , female and combined sexes of a . japonicus from sg . berembang and sg . baharu in perlis , pantai bersih in penang and klebang besar in malacca showed parabolic curves ( arithmetic scale ) and linear lines ( logarithmic scale ) which were acquired by plotting the values of total length ( mm ) against their total weight ( mm ) . the regression between total length ( tl ) and total weight ( tw ) of these groups showed positive relationship . the parameters of total length - total weight relationships for different groups ( males , females and total ) are presented in table 6 . the calculated equations for the length - weight relationships of male , female and combined sexes of a . japonicus from four locations were :
length - length relationship : the carapace lengths were plotted against the total lengths . the regression of total length ( tl ) against carapace length ( cl ) for male , females and combined sexes showed positive relationship . length - length relationship parameters were estimated from the study is presented in table 7 .
parameters of length - weight relationship of a . japonicus in the west coast of peninsular malaysia sg . berembang , perlis
relationships between total length and carapace length of a . japonicas in the west coast of peninsular malaysia
there is no previous report on morphometric variation of a . japonicus from any part of the world . the species is previously reported from indo - west pacific west coast of india to korea , japan , china and indonesia ( omori , 1975 ) and currently in the west coast of peninsular malaysia mainly in sg . berembang and sg . baharu ( perlis ) . morphometric characteristics such as petasma with numerous hooks , apex of telson is rounded which is fully agreed with omori ( 1975 ) .
the result of anova showed that the five morphometric characters of a . japonicus observed were significantly difference ( p < 0 . 05 ) among four selected sites telson length of female population which is not significantly different , p = 0 . 284 ( p > 0 . 05 ) amongst the populations . this indicates that the telson length of female a . japonicus among the four locations is not varied in any extent .
the size of a . japonicus varies from one population to another . the highest size observed in malacca ranging from 10 . 25 - 15 . 81 with a mean of 13 . 44 mm in total length while the population of pantai bersih mostly comprised the smallest sized individuals , ranging from 9 . 24 - 14 . 00 mm with a mean of 11 . 65 mm . on average , the same pattern was observed in the female populations of klebang besar ( range : 11 . 54 - 20 . 00 mm , mean total length 15 . 74 mm ) which comprised the larger individuals and pantai bersih ( range : 11 . 50 - 20 . 25 mm , mean total length : 14 . 44 mm ) which comprised the smallest sized individuals in terms of the total lengths . various factors may be accountable for the differences such as food availability , environmental conditions , stage of maturity and seasonal changes , such as dry and rainy seasons ( sinha , 1972 ) .
on the basis of morphometric characteristics , the cluster analysis showed that the population of male and female of a . japonicus were divided into three clusters respectively at different percentage of similarity which is 99 . 13 and 99 . 56 % . sg . berembang and pantai bersih populations were clustered in one group while sg . baharu population in another group and both groups were well separated from the klebang besar population . this clustering suggests closer morphological similarity between sg . berembang and pantai bersih . the morphologically differences observed between these three clusters could be due to environmental differences among the locations .
the growth coefficient b of length - weight relationship in all four observed sites shows considerably variation ranging from 2 . 525 - 3 . 639 . hile ( 1936 ) and martin ( 1949 ) showed that the exponent b usually lies between 2 . 5 and 4 . 0 . the relation is said to be isometric when it is closest to 3 , reported for most aquatic organisms ( carlander , 1977 ; le cren , 1951 ) . regression analysis showed that there is significant variation in the growth pattern between sexes from four sites . in present case , the estimated b for males from sg . baharu ( 3 . 521 ) and klebang besar ( 3 . 287 ) and females from pantai bersih ( 3 . 305 ) is higher than isometric values ( 3 ) . this indicates that the positive allometric nature of growth is observed in these populations . in the case of males from pantai bersih ( 2 . 967 ) and females from sg . berembang ( 3 . 016 ) and sg . baharu ( 3 . 060 ) , the estimated b is closed to isometric value and not significantly differ from 3 at 95 % level . so , the growth of a . japonicus in these populations is isometric . the estimated b for population of male from sg . berembang ( 2 . 525 ) and females from klebang besar ( 2 . 812 ) were lower than isometric values ( 3 ) mentioned by carlander ( 1977 ) which are considered as negatively allometric growth .
during the present investigation on the morphometry of a . japonicus from four sites , the coefficient of determination ( r 2 ) for total length against carapace length ranged from 0 . 61 - 0 . 96 indicating high degree of relationship of both sexes . the length - length relationship showed positive relationship presented by the straight line . female population from pantai bersih showed the highest degree of relation between total length and carapace length ( r 2 = 0 . 96 ) compared to other populations .
the variation monitored in b values from regression analysis may be due to sex , maturity , time of the day or seasonal changes . furthermore , availability of food , competition and water quality might be the attributing factors . this difference not only occurs between species but also occasionally observed between the stocks of the same species ( bagenal and tesch , 1978 ) .
it could be concluded that mean length of a . japonicus of female was significantly ( p < 0 . 05 ) higher than male in all four sites . individuals of a . japonicus from klebang besar seem to be larger than others while pantai bersih that mostly comprised of the smallest size individuals . sex ratio of a . japonicus in sg . berembang and pantai bersih samples showed larger proportion of females than males . both cluster analysis and similarity matrix revealed that there are there groups amongst the populations of a . japonicas in the west coast of peninsular malaysia .
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nobili , g . , 1905a . décapodes nouveaux des côtes l’arabie et du golfe persique ( diagnoses préliminaires ) . — bulletin du muséum d’histoire naturelle 11 : 158 - 164 . [ details ]
city university of hong kong . ( 2013 ) . provision of services for species identification and data analysis ofepibenthic organisms from hong kong water . final report . environmental protection department . department of biology and chemistry , city university [ details ]
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xu jing1 , zhang jing1 , zheng xiao - jie1 , li lai - hao2 , xue chang - hu3 ( 1 . institute of food science , wenzhou academy of agricultural sciences , wenzhou 325006 , china ; 2 . south china sea fisheries research institute , chinese academy of fishery sciences , guangzhou 510300 , china ; 3 . college of food science and engineering , ocean university of china , qingdao 266003 , china )
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wang jing1 , hu meng - xin1 , ying miao - miao2 , li jian - rong1 , ( 1 . food safety key laboratory of zhejiang province , college of food science and biotechnology , zhejiang gongshang university , hangzhou 310035 , china ; 2 . food research institute , wenzhou vocational college of science and technology , wenzhou 325006 , china ) ; enzymatic hydrolysis of small yellow croaker scraps for preparing flavor precursors [ j ] ; food science ; 2010 - 20
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peristernia australiensis is a species of sea snail , a marine gastropod mollusk in the family fasciolariidae , the spindle snails , the tulip snails and their allies .

peristernia australiensis

fasciolariidae » peristernia australiensis , id : 344719 , shell detail « shell encyclopedia , conchology , inc .
fasciolariidae » peristernia australiensis , id : 265213 , shell detail « shell encyclopedia , conchology , inc .
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - species : peristernia australiensis ( l . a . reeve , 1847 ) - id : 1971600000
( of latirus australiensis reeve , 1847 ) spry , j . f . ( 1961 ) . the sea shells of dar es salaam : gastropods . tanganyika notes and records 56 [ details ]
liu j . y . [ ruiyu ] ( ed . ) . ( 2008 ) . checklist of marine biota of china seas . china science press . 1267 pp . ( look up in imis ) [ details ] available for editors [ request ]
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reeve , l . a . 1847 ,
monograph of the genus turbinella
, ed . reeve , l . a . ( ed ) , conchologia iconica . , vol . vol . 4 , pp . pls 1 - 13 , l . reeve & co . , london
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the star system calculates the number of pieces that were handled by conchology , inc . in the last 15 years :
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australia . queensland . dingo beach . in rocks crevices at low tide . ex - coll . d . & m . meyer . june 1978 .
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