the dwarf catshark , scyliorhinus torrei , is a catshark , belonging to the family scyliorhinidae .

it is found off the coast of southern florida , the bahamas , and cuba and is also known as the whitespotted catshark and cuban catshark .

dwarf catshark

dwarf false catshark turns up in sri lanka , prev . known only from socotra , poss . maldives & sw india
nicholas dulvy on twitter :
# deepwater dwarf false catshark turns up in sri lanka , prev . known only from socotra , poss . maldives & sw india urltoken urltoken
the dwarf catshark , scyliorhinus torrei , is a cat shark of the family scyliorhinidae found off southern florida , the bahamas , and cuba . references - *
scyliorhinus torrei
. fishbase . ed . more
small - spotted catshark - scyliorhinus canicula the small - spotted catshark is nocturnal . source : florida museum of natural history intended audience : general reading level : middle school teacher section : yes
the dwarf sawtail catshark has a slim , firm body and a distinctively short , rounded snout . the nostrils are divided by triangular flaps of skin on their anterior rims . the horizontally oval eyes are placed somewhat high on the head , and equipped with rudimentary
chilean catshark - schroederichthys chilensis the chilean catshark is found in the waters from central peru to southern chile . source : animal diversity web intended audience : general reading level : middle school teacher section : yes
the dwarf catshark is endemic to the waters off west australia , at depths between 82 and 1 , 770 feet . catsharks are so named for their slender bodies and cat - like eyes . despite being the largest family of sharks , catsharks are relatively unknown . more
filetail catshark - parmaturus xaniurus the filetail catshark is found on the pacific coast from central california gulf of california . source : florida museum of natural history intended audience : general reading level : middle school teacher section : yes
chain catshark - scyliorhinus retifer the chain catshark is often found living among man - made artifacts such as wires and cables . source : florida museum of natural history intended audience : general reading level : middle school teacher section : yes
the dwarf catshark is a small , slender shark known from off the southeast coast of florida , the bahamas , cuba , puerto rico , and the virgin islands . it is a benthic species along the upper continental slope , and has been caught at depths of 200 - 600 m . more
the dwarf catshark , scyliorhinus torrei , is a cat shark of the family . . .
scyliorhinus torrei
. fishbase . ed . ranier froese and daniel pauly . july 2006 version . . . . urltoken 2 itis standard report page : scyliorhinus torrei scyliorhinus torrei howell rivero , 1936 . more
small - spotted catshark - scyliorhinus canicula the small - spotted catshark is found in atlantic ocean from norway to morocco . it is also found in the mediterranean . source : arkive intended audience : general reading level : middle school teacher section : yes
chain catshark - scyliorhinus retifer the chain catshark is found along the atlantic coast from massachusetts to florida . it is also found in the gulf of mexico and the caribbean . source : animal diversity web intended audience : general reading level : middle school teacher section : yes
this article is part of project scyliorhinidae , a all birds project that aims to write comprehensive articles on each catshark , including made - up species .
francis , m . p . ( 2006 ) distribution and biology of the new zealand endemic catshark , halaelurus dawsoni . environmental biology of fishes , 75 ( 3 ) , 295–306 .
this small catshark is apparently endemic to the philippines ( off luzon ) , at depths of 329431 m , with one record on the outer shelf at 50 m depth . the dwarf sawtail catshark ( galeus schultzi ) would be vulnerable to capture in trawl fisheries , although no information is available on its capture . trawl fisheries are not thought to operate within this species main bathymetric range at present , however , its apparently limited range could make it vulnerable to depletion if fished . insufficient information is available on this species biology , habitat , range and on potential threats to assess it beyond data deficient . the situation should be monitored carefully if fisheries expand into greater depths in the future .
the coral catshark is found in waters off of bangladesh , cambodia , china , india , indonesia , japan , malaysia , pakistan , papua new guinea , philippines , singapore , taiwan , thailand , and vietnam . source : arkive intended audience : general reading level : middle school teacher section : yes
mccosker , j . e . , long , d . j . & baldwin , c . c . ( 2012 ) description of a new species of deepwater catshark , bythaelurus giddinsi sp . nov . , from the galápagos islands ( chondrichthyes : carcharhiniformes : scylorhinidae ) . zootaxa , 3221 , 48–59 .
there over 100 species in of small sharks in this family . catsharks are around 1 - 5 feet in length , but most species are around 3 feet long . they have long , cat - like eyes ; two small dorsal fins set back on their bodies ; and most species are patterned with stripes , spots , or patches . most species of catshark lay their eggs in egg cases . most species of catshark are found from the continental shelf to deep - water slope regions . catsharks are found in all the world ' s oceans , except for the antarctic . they eat small fish and invertebrates .
acuña , e . & villarroel , j . c . ( 2010 ) feeding habits of two deep - sea sharks from central - northern chile : hooktooth dogfish aculeola nigra ( etmopteridae ) and dusky catshark bythalaelurus canescens ( scyliorhinidae ) . revista de biología marina y oceanografía , 45 ( s1 ) , 737–743 . urltoken
séret , b . ( 1987 ) halaelurus clevai , sp . n . , a new species of catshark ( scyliorhinidae ) from off madagascar , with remarks on the taxonomic status of the genera halaelurus gill & galeus rafinesque . j . l . b . smith institute of ichthyology special publication , 44 , 1–27 .
concha , f . , bustamante , c . , oddone , m . c . , hernández , s . & lamilla , j . ( 2010 ) egg capsules of the dusky catshark bythaelurus canescens ( carcharhiniformes , scyliorhinidae ) from the south - eastern pacific ocean . journal of fish biology , 77 ( 4 ) , 963–971 .
akhilesh , k . v . , white , w . t . , bineesh , k . k . , ganga , u . & pillai , n . g . k . ( 2013 ) biological observations on the bristly catshark bythaelurus hispidus from deep waters off the south - west coast of india . journal of fish biology , 82 ( 5 ) , 1582–1591 .
last , p . r . & stevens , j . d . ( 2008 ) bythaelurus incanus sp . nov . , a new deepwater catshark ( carcharhiniformes : scyliorhinidae ) from northwestern australia . in : last , p . r . , white , w . t . & pogonoski , j . j . ( eds . ) descriptions of new australian chondrichthyans . csiro marine & atmospheric research paper , no . 22 , pp . 123–128 .
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sherrill - mix , s . a . & burgess , g . h .
restricted range in the western central atlantic : usa ( southern florida ) , bahamas and northern cuba ( compagno in prep . b . ) .
upper continental slope at depths of 229 - 550 m ( most records below 366 m ) ( compagno in prep . b . ) . virtually nothing known of the species ' biology . reaches a maximum size of ~ 32 cm tl ( compagno in prep . b . ) .
may be taken in demersal deepwater trawl fisheries , but this species is very rarely caught ( j . castro , pers . comm . ) .
sherrill - mix , s . a . & burgess , g . h . 2009 .
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english - german online dictionary developed to help you share your knowledge with others . more information ! contains translations by tu chemnitz and mr honey ' s business dictionary ( german - english ) . thanks on that account ! links to this dictionary or to single translations are very welcome ! questions and answers
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yearsley , g . k . , last , p . r . & morris , g . b . 1997 ,
codes for australian aquatic biota ( caab ) : an upgraded and expanded species coding system for australian fisheries databases
, pp . 15 pp . + appendices
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : cfff73f4 - 9e34 - 4827 - a4d3 - c86cff799e44
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : 9a9277d4 - a477 - 4cba - 9dc9 - 01108d519c1c
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greek , skylla = a kind of shark + greek , rhinos = nose ( ref . 45335 )
marine ; bathydemersal ; depth range 200 - 600 m ( ref . 55584 ) , usually 366 - 550 m ( ref . 244 ) . deep - water ; 30°n - 20°n
western central atlantic : southern florida ( usa ) , bahamas , and cuba .
maturity : l m ? range ? - ? cm max length : 32 . 0 cm tl male / unsexed ; ( ref . 244 )
broad rounded snout . pale brown back and upper sides transversely marked by series of indistinct darker blotches . finer markings consist of small oval whitish spots , evenly distributed over the whole back and upper sides ( ref . 6032 ) .
found on the upper continental slope . little is known of its biology . oviparous ( ref . 50449 ) .
oviparous , paired eggs are laid . embryos feed solely on yolk ( ref . 50449 ) .
compagno , l . j . v . , 1984 . fao species catalogue . vol . 4 . sharks of the world . an annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date . part 2 - carcharhiniformes . fao fish . synop . 125 ( 4 / 2 ) : 251 - 655 . rome : fao . ( ref . 244 )
) : 9 . 3 - 16 . 2 , mean 13 ( based on 33 cells ) . phylogenetic diversity index ( ref .
bayesian length - weight : a = 0 . 00324 ( 0 . 00159 - 0 . 00657 ) , b = 3 . 11 ( 2 . 93 - 3 . 29 ) , in cm total length , based on lwr estimates for this ( sub ) family - body shape ( ref .
) : very low , minimum population doubling time more than 14 years ( fec assumed to be < 10 ) .
marine ; bathydemersal ; depth range 329 - 431 m ( ref . 244 ) . deep - water ; 20°n - 5°n , 116°e - 128°e
maturity : l m ? , range 27 - 29 . 7 cm max length : 30 . 0 cm tl ( female )
dorsal spines ( total ) : 0 ; dorsal soft rays ( total ) : 0 ; anal spines : 0 ; anal soft rays : 0 . obscure dark saddle blotches at first and second dorsal bases , and two bands on the tail ; dorsal fins and caudal tip without black terminal marking ( ref . 244 ) .
a little - known bottom - dwelling shark found on continental slopes ( ref . 244 ) . one of the smallest sharks ( ref . 244 ) .
phylogenetic diversity index ( ref . 82805 ) : pd 50 = 0 . 5000 [ uniqueness , from 0 . 5 = low to 2 . 0 = high ] .
bayesian length - weight : a = 0 . 00324 ( 0 . 00159 - 0 . 00657 ) , b = 3 . 11 ( 2 . 93 - 3 . 29 ) , in cm total length , based on lwr estimates for this ( sub ) family - body shape ( ref . 93245 ) .
trophic level ( ref . 69278 ) : 3 . 8 ±0 . 2 se ; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
resilience ( ref . 69278 ) : low , minimum population doubling time 4 . 5 - 14 years ( fec assumed to be < 100 ) .
vulnerability ( ref . 59153 ) : low to moderate vulnerability ( 34 of 100 ) .
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asymbolus pallidus , is a cat shark of the family scyliorhinidae found only off west australia , at depths of between 200 and 400 m .
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to cite this page : myers , p . , r . espinosa , c . s . parr , t . jones , g . s . hammond , and t . a . dewey . 2018 . the animal diversity web ( online ) . accessed at https : / / animaldiversity . org .
disclaimer : the animal diversity web is an educational resource written largely by and for college students . adw doesn ' t cover all species in the world , nor does it include all the latest scientific information about organisms we describe . though we edit our accounts for accuracy , we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts . while adw staff and contributors provide references to books and websites that we believe are reputable , we cannot necessarily endorse the contents of references beyond our control .
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planonasus parini n . g . and n . sp . , a new genus and species of false cat sharks ( carchariniformes , pseudotriakidae ) from the deep northwestern indian ocean off socotra islands .
weigmann , stehmann & thiel , 2013 : in : database of modern sharks , rays and chimaeras , www . shark - references . com , world wide web electronic publication , version 07 / 2018
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planonasus parini
to info @ urltoken planonasus parini weigmann , stehmann & thiel , 2013 ; holotype : zmh 25895 , female , 534 mm tl fresh , © dr . simon weigmann , elasmobranch research laboratory , lüneburg
planonasus parini is known only from off the socotra islands near the horn of africa . only three specimens are known .
first record : sri lanka , southwest bay of bengal . 55 cm tl , between 300 m and 600 m depth off trincomalee outer harbour near norway inlet ( 08° 29 ' . 136 n , 81° 14 ' . 783 e ) .
the biology of planonasus parini is unknown . however , based on the soft fins , skin , and musculature , the species is thought to be a sluggish and inactive shark of nearly neutral buoyancy such as pseudotriakis microdon . the shape of the caudal fin and the moderately elongated body form are typical for slow - swimming sharks that live near the bottom . planonasus parini might be yolk - sac viviparous and oophagous like pseudotriakis microdon and gollum attenuatus . no information is available about the feeding habits of planonasus parini . however , other pseudotriakids feed predominantly on bony fishes , sharks , molluscs , and crustaceans .
planonasus parini is a small shark species that reaches at least 534 mm tl . the smallest known specimen is a juvenile male of 339 mm tl . the largest known specimen of 534 mm tl is a female that is probably immature or at most adolescent due to its small and compact ovaries . a maturing size of 490 to 560 mm tl is specified for a probably closely related , undescribed pseudotriakid species ( compagno et al . 2005
bathydemersal ; marine ; all three specimens were collected from the insular slope at depths between 560 and 1120 m .
strong heterodonty between upper and lower jaw ; upper jaw with about 110 to 115 tooth rows ; upper teeth tri - to pentacuspidate with conically elongated and pointed median main cusp and weak lateral cusplets ; only few posterior to commissural tooth rows with weakly comb - like , multicuspidate teeth that each have nearly equally sized cusplets ; lower jaw with about 115 to 120 tooth rows ; lower teeth arranged in diagonal parallel rows ; most lower teeth broad , low , and comb - shaped with usually five cusps .
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this article is part of project chondrichthyes , a all birds project that aims to write comprehensive articles on each cartilaginous fish , including made - up species .
this article is part of project carcharhiniformes , a all birds project that aims to write comprehensive articles on each ground shark , including made - up species .
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alcock , a . ( 1891 ) class pisces . in : ii . –natural history notes from h . m . indian marine survey steamer ‘investigator’ , commander r . f . hoskyn , r . n . commanding . –series ii . , no . 1 . on the results of deep - sea dredging during the season 1890–91 . the annals and magazine of natural history , 8 ( 6 ) , 16–34 . urltoken
alcock , a . ( 1896 ) natural history notes from h . m . indian marine survey steamer ` investigator , ' commander c . f . oldham , r . n . , commanding . series ii . no . 23 . a supplementary list of the marine fishes of india , with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species . journal of the asiatic society of bengal , 65 / 2 ( 3 ) , 301–338 .
alcock , a . ( 1899 ) a descriptive catalogue of the indian deep - sea fishes in the indian museum . being a revised account of the deep - sea fishes collected by the royal indian marine survey ship investigator . indian museum , calcutta , 211 pp .
amante , c . & eakins , b . w . ( 2009 ) etopo1 1 arc - minute global relief model : procedures , data sources and analysis . noaa technical memorandum , nedis ngdc - 24 , 1–19 .
bass , a . j . , d’aubrey , j . d . & kistnasamy , n . ( 1975 ) sharks of the east coast of southern africa . ii . the families scyliorhinidae and pseudotriakidae . investigational report , oceanographic research institute , 37 , 1–64 .
brauer , a . ( 1908 ) wissenschaftliche ergebnisse der deutschen tiefsee - expedition auf dem dampfer „valdivia“ 1898–1899 , band xv : die tiefsee - fische . i . systematischer teil . gustav fischer verlag , jena , 432 pp .
chu , y . - t . & meng , q . - w . ( 1982 ) halaelurus immaculatus sp . nov . in : chu , y . - t . , meng , q . - w . , hu , a . & li , s . ( authors ) five new species of elasmobranchiate fishes from the deep waters of south china sea . oceanologica et limnologica sinica , 13 ( 4 ) , pp . 301–302 . [ in chinese with english summary ]
chun , c . ( 1900 ) aus den tiefen des weltmeeres . schilderungen von der deutschen tiefsee - expedition . gustav fischer verlag , jena , 549 pp . urltoken
compagno , l . j . v . ( 1984a ) fao species catalogue . vol . 4 . sharks of the world . an annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date ( part 2 , carcharhiniformes ) . fao fisheries synopsis , 125 , 4 ( 2 ) , 251–655 . [ fao , rome ]
compagno , l . j . v . ( 1984b ) fao species catalogue . vol . 4 . sharks of the world . an annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date ( part 1 , hexanchiformes to lamniformes ) . fao fisheries synopsis , 125 , 4 ( 1 ) , 1–249 . [ fao , rome ]
compagno , l . j . v . ( 1988 ) sharks of the order carcharhiniformes . princeton university press , new jersey , 486 pp .
compagno , l . j . v . ( 1999 ) checklist of living elasmobranchs . in : hamlett , w . c . ( ed . ) , sharks , skates , and rays : the biology of elasmobranch fishes . the john hopkins university press , baltimore and london , pp . 471–498 .
compagno , l . j . v . ( 2005 ) checklist of living chondrichthyes . in : hamlett , w . c . ( ed . ) reproductive biology and phylogeny of chondrichthyes – sharks , batoids and chimaeras . science publishers , inc . , enfield , pp . 503–548 .
compagno , l . j . v . & didier , d . ( 2002 ) checklist of living chondrichthyes cited in this volume . in : fowler , s . l . , reed , t . m . & dipper , f . a . ( eds . ) , elasmobranch biodiversity , conservation and management . the iucn species survival commission proceedings of the international seminar and workshop , sabah , malaysia , july 1997 . occasional paper of the iucn species survival commission , no . 25 , pp . 245–255 .
compagno , l . j . v . , stehmann , m . & ebert , d . a . ( 1990 ) rhinochimaera africana , a new longnose chimaera from southern africa , with comments on the systematics and distribution of the genus rhinochimaera garman , 1901 ( chondrichthyes , chimaeriformes , rhinochimaeridae ) . south african journal of marine science , 9 ( 1 ) , 201–222 .
fowler , h . w . ( 1941 ) contributions to the biology of the philippine archipelago and adjacent regions . the fishes of the groups elasmobranchii , holocephali , isospondyli and ostariophysi obtained by the united states bureau of fisheries steamer “albatross” in 1907 to 1910 , chiefly in the philippine islands and adjacent seas . bulletin of the united states national museum , 100 ( 13 ) , 1–879 .
garman , s . ( 1913 ) the plagiostomia ( sharks , skates , and rays ) . memoirs of the museum of comparative zoology at harvard college , xxxvi , 1–528 .
gill , t . ( 1862 ) squalorum generum novum descriptiones diagnosticae . annals of the lyceum of natural history of new york , 7 ( 1 ) , 409–413 . urltoken
günther , a . ( 1878 ) preliminary notices of deep - sea fishes collected during the voyage of h . m . s . ‘challenger . ’ annals and magazine of natural history , 2 ( 5 ) , 17–28 .
herman , j . , hovestadt - euler , m . & hovestadt , d . c . ( 1990 ) part a : selachii . no . 2b : order : carcharhiniformes - family : scyliorhinidae . in : stehmann ( ed . ) , contributions to the study of the comparative morphology of teeth and other relevant ichthyodorulites in living supraspecific taxa of chondrichthyan fishes . bulletin de l ' institut royal des sciences naturelles de belgique , biologie , 60 , pp . 181–230 .
hovestadt , d . c . & hovestadt - euler , m . ( 1995 ) additions to the fauna of the boom clay formation of beglium ( rupelian , oligocene ) . taxonomic adjustments on the scyliorhinidae and rajoidei , discovery of a dasyatid species ( pisces , chonrichthyes ) and of a curculionid species ( insecta , coleoptera ) . belgian geological survey professional paper , 278 , 261–282 .
nair , r . v . & appukuttan , k . k . ( 1973 ) observation on the food of deep sea sharks halaelurus hispidus ( alcock ) , eridacnis radcliffei smith and iago omanensis compagno and springer . indian journal of fisheries , 20 ( 2 ) , 575–583 .
nakaya , k . , sato , k . , iglésias , s . p . & white , w . t . ( 2008 ) methodology for the taxonomic description of members of the genus apristurus ( chondrichthyes : carcharhiniformes : scyliorhinidae ) . in : last , p . r . , white , w . t . & pogonoski , j . j . ( eds . ) , descriptions of new australian chondrichthyans . csiro marine & atmospheric research paper , no . 22 , pp . 49–60 .
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schott , g . ( 1902 ) wissenschaftliche ergebnisse der deutschen tiefsee - expedition auf dem dampfer „valdivia“ 1898–1899 , band i : oceanographie und maritime meteorologie . gustav fischer verlag , jena , 403 pp .
soto , j . m . r . & mincarone , m . m . ( 2004 ) collections of the museu oceanográfico do vale do itajaí . i . catalog of cartilaginous fishes ( myxini , cephalaspidomorphi , elasmobrachii , holocephali ) . mare magnum , 2 ( 1–2 ) , 1–125 .
springer , s . ( 1971 ) a new cat shark ( scyliorhinidae ) from new zealand . records of the dominion museum , 7 ( 18 ) , 235–241 .
springer , s . ( 1979 ) a revision of the catsharks , family scyliorhinidae . noaa technical report , national marine fisheries service , circular , 422 , 1–152 .
springer , s . & d’aubrey , j . d . ( 1972 ) two new scyliorhinid sharks from the east coast of africa with notes on related species . oceanographic research institute , investigational report , 29 , 1–19 .
springer , v . g . & garrick , j . a . f . ( 1964 ) a survey of vertebral numbers in sharks . proceedings of the united states national museum , 116 , 73–96 .
weigmann , s . ( 2015 ) annotated checklist of the living chondrichthyes of the world , with special focus on the biogeographical diversity of the species . journal of fish biology , in press .
weigmann , s . , stehmann , m . f . w . & thiel , r . ( 2013 ) planonasus parini n . g . and n . sp . , a new genus and species of false cat sharks ( carchariniformes , pseudotriakidae ) from the deep northwestern indian ocean off socotra islands . zootaxa , 3609 ( 2 ) , 163–181 .
) : 9 . 3 - 16 . 2 , mean 13 ( based on 33 cells ) .
trophic level ( ref . 69278 ) : 3 . 8 ±0 . 6 se ; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
resilience ( ref . 69278 ) : very low , minimum population doubling time more than 14 years ( fec assumed to be < 10 ) .
vulnerability ( ref . 59153 ) : low to moderate vulnerability ( 32 of 100 ) .
marine ; bathydemersal ; depth range 200 - 600 m ( ref . 55584 ) , usually 366 - 550 m ( ref . 244 ) . deep - water , preferred ? ; 30°n - 20°n
a little - known bottom - dwelling shark found on continental slopes ( ref . 244 ) . one of the smallest sharks ( ref . 244 ) .
western central pacific : known from only a few records off luzon , philippines ( compagno et al . 2005a , b ) .
obscure dark saddle blotches at first and second dorsal bases , and two bands on the tail ; dorsal fins and caudal tip without black terminal marking ( ref . 244 ) .
paratype for galeus schultzi springer catalog number : usnm 122307 collection : smithsonian institution , national museum of natural history , department of vertebrate zoology , division of fishes year collected : 1908 locality : china sea off southern luzon , sombrero island , s . 41 degrees e . , 4 . 50 miles . , batangas , philippines , balayan bay , pacific depth ( m ) : 432 to 432 vessel : albatross
paratype : springer , s . 1979 . noaa technical report , nmfs circular . no . 422 : 67 .
holotype for galeus schultzi springer catalog number : usnm 122312 collection : smithsonian institution , national museum of natural history , department of vertebrate zoology , division of fishes year collected : 1909 locality : balayan bay , luzon , cape santiago light , s . 79 degrees west , 4 . 5 miles , batangas , philippines , balayan bay , pacific depth ( m ) : 329 to 329 vessel : albatross
holotype : springer , s . 1979 . noaa technical report , nmfs circular . no . 422 : 67 .
paratype for galeus schultzi springer catalog number : usnm 122311 collection : smithsonian institution , national museum of natural history , department of vertebrate zoology , division of fishes year collected : 1909 locality : balayan bay , luzon , cape santiago light , n . 73 degrees w . , 6 . 7 miles . , batangas , philippines , balayan bay , pacific depth ( m ) : 391 to 391 vessel : albatross
holotype for galeus schultzi springer catalog number : usnm 122312 collection : smithsonian institution , national museum of natural history , department of vertebrate zoology , division of fishes year collected : 1909 locality : c . santiago light , south 79 degrees west , 4 . 5 miles ; balayan bay , luzon . , luzon , philippines , philippine archipelago , balayan bay , south china sea , pacific depth ( m ) : 329 to 329 vessel : albatross
paratype for galeus schultzi springer catalog number : usnm 122311 collection : smithsonian institution , national museum of natural history , department of vertebrate zoology , division of fishes year collected : 1909 locality : p . i . : balayan bay , off western luzon , cape santiago lt . , n . 73 deg . w . , 6 . 7 miles , luzon , philippines , pacific depth ( m ) : 391 to 391 vessel : albatross
paratype for galeus schultzi springer catalog number : usnm 122307 collection : smithsonian institution , national museum of natural history , department of vertebrate zoology , division of fishes year collected : 1908 locality : china sea off southern luzon : sombrero id . , s . 41 deg . e . , 4 . 50 miles , sombrero island , philippines , china sea , pacific depth ( m ) : 432 to 432 vessel : albatross
this benthic , deepwater shark occurs on continental slopes at depths of 329431 m , with one record on the outer shelf at 50 m depth ( compagno et al . 2005a ) . females mature at 2730 cm and males at ~ 25 cm ( compagno et al . 2005a ) . the species reaches a maximum size of 30 cm ( compagno et al . 2005a ) . little else is known of the biology of the species .
depth range based on 4 specimens in 1 taxon . environmental ranges depth range ( m ) : 329 - 432 graphical representation depth range ( m ) : 329 - 432 note : this information has not been validated . check this * note * . your feedback is most welcome .
bathydemersal ; marine ; depth range 329 - 431 m ( ref . 244 )
depth : 329 - 431m . from 329 to 431 meters . habitat : bathydemersal . found on the continental slopes . not utilized at present . one of the smallest sharks .
this species would be vulnerable to capture in trawl fisheries , although no data are available on its capture . trawl fisheries are not thought to operate within this species main depth range off the philippines at present ( b . sret pers . comm . ) .
no management or conservation efforts are currently in place . like many deeper water species more information on biology , ecology and importance in fisheries are required to further assess status and any future conservation needs . further surveys would benefit the collection of data on the wider range of this species . if deep water fisheries develop in the future , catches will require careful monitoring . the development and implementation of management plans ( national and / or regional e . g . , under the fao international plan of action for the conservation and management of sharks : ipoa - sharks ) are required to facilitate the conservation and management of all chondrichthyan species in the region .
( protective third eyelids ) . there are low ridges beneath the eyes , and tiny
behind them . the large , wide , arched mouth bears very short furrows at the corners .
there are 48 tooth rows in the upper jaw , and fewer in the lower jaw ; each tooth has a narrow central cusp flanked by lateral cusplets . there are five pairs of
are large and wide . the pelvic and anal fins are short and low , with angular corners . the base of the anal fin measures 10–11 % of the total length , longer than the distances between either the dorsal fins or the pelvic and anal fins . the
with an indistinct lower lobe and a ventral notch near the tip of the upper lobe .
each have a leaf - shaped crown with a median ridge and three teeth on the posterior margin . a crest of enlarged denticles is present along the dorsal caudal fin margin .
this species is brownish above and lighter below , with a faint darker saddle beneath each dorsal fin , and two darker bands on the caudal fin . the interior of the mouth varies from light to dusky .
at around 25 cm ( 9 . 8 in ) long , and females at 27–30 cm ( 11–12 in ) long .
springer , s . ( april 1979 ) . a revision of the catsharks , family scyliorhinidae . noaa technical report nmfs circular no . 422 : 1–15
compagno , l . j . v . ( 1988 ) . sharks of the order carcharhiniformes . blackburn press . pp . 134–142 , 433 . isbn 1 - 930665 - 76 - 8 .
compagno , l . j . v . ( 1984 ) . sharks of the world : an annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date . food and agricultural organization . p . 318 . isbn 92 - 5 - 101384 - 5 .
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) : low , minimum population doubling time 4 . 5 - 14 years ( fec assumed to be < 100 ) .
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status taken from icun redlist . if no status is listed , there is not enough data to establish status , or there is no status data for the species .
australian swell shark - cephaloscyllium laticeps the australian swell shark is found in waters off of southern australia . source : australian museum intended audience : general reading level : middle school teacher section : no
swell shark - cephaloscyllium ventriosum the swell shark is found along the pacific coast from central california south to mexico . it is also found off the coast of chile . source : animal diversity web intended audience : general reading level : middle school teacher section : yes swell shark - cephaloscyllium ventriosum when it is threatened by a predator , the swell shark swallows a large amount of water and swells its body to twice its normal size . source : florida museum of natural history intended audience : general reading level : middle school teacher section : yes
puffadder shyshark - haploblepharus edwardsii the puffadder shyshark is found in waters off of south africa . it is also known as the happy eddie . source : florida museum of natural history intended audience : general reading level : middle school teacher section : yes
brown shyshark - haploblepharus fuscus the brown shyshark is found in the waters off of south africa . source : arkive intended audience : general reading level : middle school teacher section : yes
brown shyshark - haploblepharus fuscus the brown shyshark is usually found shallow rocky intertidal zones at depths of up to 110 feet . source : florida museum of natural history intended audience : general reading level : middle school teacher section : yes
dark shyshark - haploblepharus pictus the dark shyshark is found in waters off of south africa and namibia . source : florida museum of natural history intended audience : general reading level : middle school teacher section : yes
pyjama shark - poroderma africanum the pyjama shark is found in the waters off of south africa . source : arkive intended audience : general reading level : middle school teacher section : yes
pyjama shark - poroderma africanum the pyjamas shark is nocturnal . source : florida museum of natural history intended audience : general reading level : middle school teacher section : yes
fairly large and long , broadly arched , width 6 . 2 to 9 . 1 % of total
centra 32 to 33 . size very small , adults less than 30 cm .
a little - known bottom - dwelling shark of the continental slopes at depths of 329 to 431 m . 3
at 26 . 8 to : 29 . 7 cm , males at 25 . 4 cm .
locality : balayan bay , luzon , the philippines , western pacific , 329 m depth .
springer , s . , 1979 . a revision of the catsharks , family scyliorhinidae . noaa tech . rep . nmfs circ . , ( 422 ) : 97 p .
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fusigobius pallidus , commonly called pale sandgoby , is a species of marine fish in the family gobiidae .

the pale sandgoby is widespread throughout the tropical waters of the indo-west pacific from the eastern coast of africa to the philippines .

this sandgoby is a small sized fish , it can grow up to a size of 60 millimetres ( 2.4 in ) length .

fusigobius pallidus

fusigobius pallidus
transparent cave goby
, captive bred - shop miniwaters . fish - online aquarium fish boutique
justification : fusigobius pallidus is widely distributed , but uncommonly collected . there are no known major threats . therefore , this species is listed as least concern .
fusigobius pallidus is found in the indo - west pacific from east africa to palau , chesterfield islands , marshall islands and north to phuket , thailand ( allen and erdmann 2012 ) . this species has been collected from 12 - 48 m ( allen and erdmann 2012 , accessed through the fishnet2 portal , www . fishnet2 . net , 2015 - 03 - 12 ) .
there are no known species - specific conservation measures for f . pallidus ; however , its range overlaps with a number of marine protected areas ( iucn and unep 2014 ) .
( of coryphopterus pallidus randall , 2001 ) froese , r . & d . pauly ( editors ) . ( 2018 ) . fishbase . world wide web electronic publication . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
the transparent cave goby , fusigobius pallidus , also known as the pale sandgoby , is one of the more oddball captive - bred fishes to hit the aquarium market in the past couple years . these are generally offered at a good size of a couple inches , and have a very novel coloration , basically being clear with small orange spots . they max out at around 3″ in length . ora , the main source for these fish , recommends them as easy to care for , but requiring roughly 1 square foot of tankspace per individual to allow them to establish territories and not kill each other .
latin , fusus = spindle + latin , gobius = gudgeon ( ref . 45335 )
marine ; demersal ; depth range 10 - 48 m ( ref . 41649 ) . tropical
maturity : l m ? range ? - ? cm max length : 6 . 4 cm sl male / unsexed ; ( ref . 41649 ) ; 5 . 4 cm sl ( female )
dorsal spines ( total ) : 6 - 7 ; dorsal soft rays ( total ) : 9 ; anal spines : 1 ; anal soft rays : 8 . characterized by semi - translucent grey with numerous small , dusky - edged yellow spots on head , body , caudal and dorsal fins ; presence of black spot near margin of first membrane of spinous dorsal fin ; fully united pelvic fins ; presence of pelvic frenum ; rounded caudal fin ; longitudinal scale series 26 ; mainly ctenoid scales including those on side of nape ; cycloid scales on breast , base of pectoral fin and anteroventrally on abdomen ; scales absent on operculum ; absence of median predorsal scales ; opening of gill extending to within one - fifth opercle width from posterior edge of preopercle ; depth of body 4 . 6 - 5 . 4 in sl ( ref . 90102 ) .
randall , j . e . , 2001 . five new indo - pacific gobiid fishes of the genus coryphopterus . zool . stud . 40 ( 3 ) : 206 - 225 . ( ref . 41649 )
) : 25 . 8 - 29 , mean 28 ( based on 474 cells ) .
phylogenetic diversity index ( ref . 82805 ) : pd 50 = 0 . 5005 [ uniqueness , from 0 . 5 = low to 2 . 0 = high ] .
bayesian length - weight : a = 0 . 00617 ( 0 . 00279 - 0 . 01364 ) , b = 3 . 08 ( 2 . 89 - 3 . 27 ) , in cm total length , based on lwr estimates for this ( sub ) family - body shape ( ref . 93245 ) .
trophic level ( ref . 69278 ) : 3 . 3 ±0 . 3 se ; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
resilience ( ref . 69278 ) : high , minimum population doubling time less than 15 months ( preliminary k or fecundity . ) .
vulnerability ( ref . 59153 ) : low vulnerability ( 17 of 100 ) .
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disputed territory ( spratly is . ) ; guam ; india ; indonesia ; malaysia ; maldives ; marshall islands ; mauritius ; new caledonia ; northern mariana islands ; palau ; philippines ; tanzania , united republic of ; thailand ; timor - leste
there are 12 records total in fishnet2 , with mostly a single specimen per lot and one lot containing two specimens ( accessed through the fishnet2 portal , www . fishnet2 . net , 2015 - 03 - 12 ) .
this species is generally found on sand / rubble bottom near reef ( allen and erdmann 2012 ) . the maximum recorded size of this species is 8 cm total length ( allen and erdmann 2012 ) .
this species is rarely if ever used for aquaculture or in the aquarium trade . there are no known major threats .
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froese , r . & d . pauly ( editors ) . ( 2018 ) . fishbase . world wide web electronic publication . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
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disclaimer : itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available , and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties . however , it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes . while every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and up - to - date information available , ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in provisions of treaties to which the united states is a party , wildlife statutes , regulations , and any applicable notices that have been published in the federal register . for further information on u . s . legal requirements with respect to protected taxa , please contact the u . s . fish and wildlife service .
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natural environment : inhabits sandy and rubble bottom areas near coastal reefs and usually found at depths between 3 – 85 feet ( 1 – 25 m ) where it feeds on benthic invertebrates .
general husbandry : has been captive bred and may soon , as of late 2016 , be available in the trade . has a translucent body with several brownish red small spots and several white short lines on the upper body .
as with all in this genus , feeds off the substrate where in consumes worms and small crustaceans . can be maintained in fish - only or reef aquariums with wide - open course grained ( 2 – 4 mm ) sandy areas also some loose rubble where it can hide if feeling threatened .
as to diet , should be fed finely chopped fresh or frozen meaty foods , e . g . , krill , marine fish flesh , mysis , scallops , shrimp , clams , and be fed once daily .
if difficult to get feeding , try live adult fortified brine shrimp and black worms ( lumbriculus variegatus ) .
the material on this site may not be reproduced , distributed , transmitted , cached or otherwise used , except with the prior written permission of bob goemans .
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chrysallida sixtoi is a species of sea snail , a marine gastropod mollusk in the family pyramidellidae , the pyrams and their allies .

the species is one of multiple known species to exist within the chrysallida genus of gastropods .

chrysallida sixtoi

chrysallida farolita f . nordsieck , 1972 : synonym of chrysallida interstincta ( adams j . , 1797 )
chrysallida obtusa ( brown , 1827 ) : synonym of chrysallida interstincta ( adams j . , 1797 )
chrysallida manonegra peñas & rolán , 1998 : synonym of chrysallida minutissima ( dautzenberg & h . fischer , 1906 )
chrysallida casta a . adams , 1861 : synonym of pyrgulina casta ( a . adams , 1861 )
chrysallida mumia a . adams , 1861 : synonym of turbonilla mumia ( a . adams , 1861 )
chrysallida interstincta ( adams j . , 1797 ) : synonym of parthenina interstincta ( j . adams , 1797 )
chrysallida jordii peñas & rolán , 1998 : synonym of folinella moolenbeeki van aartsen , gittenberger e . & goud , 1998
la familia pyramidellidae gray , 1840 ( mollusca , gastropoda , heterostropha ) en africa occidental . 3 . el género chrysallida s . l .
chrysallida dekkeri van aartsen , gittenberger e . & goud , 2000 : synonym of parthenina dekkeri ( van aartsen , gittenberger & goud , 2000 )
chrysallida kempermani van aartsen , gittenberger e . & goud , 2000 : synonym of pyrgulina kempermani ( van aartsen , gittenberger & goud , 2000 )
chrysallida willeminae van aartsen , gittenberger e . & goud , 2000 : synonym of parthenina willeminae ( van aartsen , gittenberger & goud , 2000 )
chrysallida is a speciose genus of minute sea snails , pyramidellid gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the family pyramidellidae within the tribe chrysallidini . [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ]
species within the genus chrysallida are commonly distributed in all oceans from the tropics to the polar regions , the arctic and the antarctic . it is mainly known from coastal areas , and is uncommon in deep elevations such as trenches in the sea .
peñas a . & rolán e . ( 1998 ) . la familia pyramidellidae gray , 1840 ( mollusca , gastropoda ) en áfrica occidental . 3 . el género
la familia pyramidellidae gray , 1840 ( mollusca , gastropoda ) en áfrica occidental . 3 . el género
after more than 2 years of preparations , the diatombase portal is now officially launched . . . .
last week - on may 30 and 31st – 8 thematic experts on talitridae came together for the first time during a lifewatch - worms sponsored workshop . the workshop took place at the hellenic centre for marine research in crete , where it was organized back - to - back with the 8th international sandy beaches symposium ( isbs ) . the group focused on identifying relevant traits for the talitridae , and adding this data through the amphipoda species database . . . .
on 23 april 2018 , a number of editors of the world register of introduced species ( wrims ) started a three day workshop in the flanders marine institute ( vliz ) . these three days were used to evaluate , complete and improve the content of this worms thematic register ( tsd ) . . . .
the 2nd worms early career researchers and 3rd worms achievement award were granted respectively to françois le coze and geoff read . congratulations ! . . .
in 2018 , to celebrate a decade of worms ' existence , it was decided to compile a list of our top marine species , both for 2017 and for the previous decade . . . .
the scleractinian corals are now accessible though their own list portal . this world list contains over 1 500 accepted names of extant species and is one of the most complete existing resources for scleractinian taxa . . .
cape verde , sao vicente , topim , on the beach in shell grit , collected 2015 - 01 - 00 , ex coll . j . trausel . image by joop trausel and frans slieker .
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depth range based on 1 specimen in 1 taxon . environmental ranges depth range ( m ) : 50 - 50 note : this information has not been validated . check this * note * . your feedback is most welcome .
the genus folinella had two preoccupied names - amoura de folin , 1873 not j . e . gray 1847 , and funicularia monterosato , 1884 not forbes , 1845 .
as the genus to include many eastern atlantic species , distributed into several subgenera . micali , nofroni & perna ( 2012 ) restored usage of
. this move was continued by høisæter ( 2014 ) , peñas , rolán & swinnen ( 2014 ) and giannuzzi - savelli et al . ( 2014 ) who are here followed , but there are still many species remaining unduly under
. for these , we have refrained from making new combinations not backed by ( or implicit from ) a published source . nevertheless , all the species that were already
accepted
under a subgenus , now raised to full genus , have been marked as
accepted
under that full genus .
little is known about the ecology of the members of this genus . as is true of most members of the pyramidellidae sensu lato , they are most likely ectoparasites .
bouchet p . , rocroi j . - p . , frýda j . , hausdorf b . , ponder w . , valdés á . & warén a . ( 2005 ) .
classification and nomenclator of gastropod families
. malacologia : international journal of malacology ( hackenheim , germany : conchbooks ) 47 ( 1 - 2 ) : 1–397 . isbn 3925919724 . issn 0076 - 2997 .
gofas , s . ; le renard , j . ; bouchet , p . ( 2001 ) . mollusca , in : costello , m . j . et al . ( ed . ) ( 2001 ) . european register of marine species : a check - list of the marine species in europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification . collection patrimoines naturels , 50 : pp . 180 - 213
spencer , h . ; marshall . b . ( 2009 ) . all mollusca except opisthobranchia . in : gordon , d . ( ed . ) ( 2009 ) . new zealand inventory of biodiversity . volume one : kingdom animalia . 584 pp
carpenter p . p . ( 1856 ) description of new species and varieties of calyptraeidae , trochidae , and pyramidellidae , principally in the collection of hugh cuming , esq . proceedings of the zoological society of london , 24 : 166 - 171
adams a . ( 1863 ) . on the species of pyramidellinae found in japan . journal of the proceedings of the linnean society of london , 7 : 1 - 6
schaufuss l . w . ( ed ) . 1869 . molluscorum systema et catalogus . system una aufzählung sämmtlicher conchylien der sammlung von fr . paetel . 4 pp unpaginated , pp . i - xiv and 1 - 119 . dresden
de folin l . 1870 . d ' une méthode de classification pour les coquilles de la famille des chemnitzidae . annales de la société linnéenne du département du maine et loire 12 : 191 - 202
monterosato t . a . ( di ) ( 1884 ) . nomenclatura generica e specifica di alcune conchiglie mediterranee . palermo , virzi pp . 152 [ month of publication unknown , but later than february ( the paper in naturalista siciliano , cited p . 57 )
dall w . h . & bartsch p . 1909 . a monograph of west american pyramidellid mollusks . bulletin , united states national museum , 68 : i - xii , 1 - 258 , 30 pl .
iredale t . ( 1915 ) . notes on the names of some british marine mollusca . proceedings of the malacological society of london , 11 ( 6 ) : 329 - 342
iredale t . 1917 . molluscan name - changes , generic and specific . proceedings of the malacological society of london , 12 : 322 - 330
corgan j . x . 1973 . the names partulida schaufuss , 1869 and spiralinella chaster , 1901 ( gastropoda , pyramidellacea ) . journal of conchology , 28 : 9 - 10 .
gofas , s . ; le renard , j . ; bouchet , p . ( 2001 ) . mollusca , in : costello , m . j . et al . ( ed . ) ( 2001 ) . european register of marine species : a check - list of the marine species in europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification . collection patrimoines naturels , 50 : pp . 180–213
spencer , h . ; marshall . b . ( 2009 ) . all mollusca except opisthobranchia . in : gordon , d . ( ed . ) ( 2009 ) . new zealand inventory of biodiversity . volume one : kingdom animalia . 584 pp
carpenter , p . p . ( 1856 ) .
description of new species and varieties of calyptraeidae , trochidae , and pyramidellidae , principally in the collection of hugh cumming , esq .
. proceedings of the zoological society of london 24 : 166–171 .
dall , w . h . & bartsch , p ( 1904 ) .
synopsis of genera , subgenera , and sections of the family pyramidellidae
. proceedings of the biological society of washington 17 : 1–16 .
de folin , l . & périer , l . ( 1867–1887 ) .
etudes internationale sur les perticularities nouvelles des regions sous - marines
. les fonds de la mer 1–4 .
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bouchet , philippe ; rocroi , jean - pierre ; frýda , jiri ; hausdorf , bernard ; ponder , winston ; valdés , ángel & warén , anders ( 2005 ) .
classification and nomenclator of gastropod families
. malacologia . hackenheim , germany : conchbooks . 47 ( 1 - 2 ) : 1–397 . isbn 3 - 925919 - 72 - 4 . issn 0076 - 2997 .
monterosato t . a . ( di ) ( 1884 ) . nomenclatura generica e specifica di alcune conchiglie mediterranee . palermo , virzi pp . 152 [ month of publication unknown , but later than february ( the paper in naturalista siciliano , cited p . 57 )
carpenter , p . p . ( 1856 ) .
description of new species and varieties of calyptraeidae , trochidae , and pyramidellidae , principally in the collection of hugh cumming , esq
. proceedings of the zoological society of london . 24 : 166–171 .
dall , w . h . ; bartsch , p ( 1904 ) .
synopsis of genera , subgenera , and sections of the family pyramidellidae
. proceedings of the biological society of washington . 17 : 1–16 .
de folin , l . ; périer , l . ( 1867–1887 ) .
etudes internationale sur les perticularities nouvelles des regions sous - marines
. les fonds de la mer . 1–4 .
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rhagastis gloriosa is a moth of the family sphingidae .

it is found along the southern slopes of the himalaya in nepal , tibet , bhutan , north-eastern india and northern myanmar , east to central yunnan in china .

it has also been recorded from the extreme northwest of thailand and northern vietnam .

the wingspan is 82 – 92 mm .

it has olive-green forewings overlain by broad , dark red and partially merged transverse bands .

the dorsal scaling of the antenna is brown or black from near the base to near the hook .

the forewing upperside ground colour is olive green .

the transverse bands are dark red , broad , irregular and partially merged .

the forewing and hindwing underside ground colour is bright pink and the hindwing upperside has a median band flushed with pink .

rhagastis gloriosa

no one has contributed data records for rhagastis mongoliana yet . learn how to contribute .
rhagastis mjobergi clark , 1923 ; proc . new england zool . cl . 8 : 69
pergesa gloriosa butler , 1875 , proc . zool . soc . lond . 1875 : 246 . tl : [ india , west bengal , ] darjiling [ darling ] . rhagastis yunnanaria chu & wang , 1980 , acta zootaxon . sin . 5 : 422 .
pergesa gloriosa butler , 1875 , proc . zool . soc . lond . 1875 : 246 . type locality : [ india , west bengal , ] darjiling [ darling ] .
transferred to rhagastis by rothschild & jordan , 1903 , novit . zool . 9 ( suppl . ) : 792 ( key ) , 798 .
synonyms . rhagastis yunnanaria chu & wang , 1980 , acta zootaxon . sin . 5 : 422 . type locality : china , yunnan , jinping .
rhagastis rothschild & jordan , 1903 ; novit . zool . 9 ( suppl . ) : 675 [ key ] , 791 ; ts : pergesa velata walker
in the male genitalia , uncus weakly dilated apically , slightly sinuate . gnathos narrow , obtusely pointed . valve with about 6 very large stridulatory scales . harpe slender , horizontal , slightly spatulate in dorsal view , weakly upcurved apically . aedeagus similar to rhagastis olivacea , the left process short and broad .
wingspan : 82 - - 92mm . an unmistakable species with the olive - green forewing overlain by broad , dark red and partially merged transverse bands . head , and thorax and abdomen mesially , olive - green ; antenna , palpus and sides of thorax and abdomen crimson . forewing olive - green ; costa , antemedian , median , postmedian and submarginal maculate irregular bands crimson ; outer margin darker olive ; a marginal pale pink line ; cilia crimson ; a black speck at end of cell . hindwing smoky - black suffused with blood red towards outer margin . underside of palpus , head , body and wings rosy - red , forewing with a black patch towards base ; both wings with three transverse waved lines . second segment of labial palp not narrowed towards base ; segment 1 apical cavity distinct . outer row of forebasitarsal spines simple ( bell & scott , 1937 ) .
china : v ( songzhishanding ) ; 14 . v ( jinping ) ; 24 - 26 . v ( xiaguan ) ; urltoken ( xima ) .
china : yunnan ( xiaguan , 2020m ; jinping , 1700m ; changning co . , songzhishanding , 2500 - 2800m ; nr . yingjiang , xima , 2080m ; gaoligong shan ) ; south xizang / tibet ( nyingchi ; zhangmu , 2200m ) .
occurs along the southern slopes of the himalaya in nepal ( haruta , 1992 ) , xizang / tibet , bhutan , northeastern india and northern burma / myanmar , east to central yunnan , china . also recorded from the extreme northwest of thailand ( inoue , kennett & kitching , [ 1996 ] and northern vietnam .
holarctic ; eastern palaearctic region . pleistocene refuge : polycentric - - sinotibetan and yunnan refugia .
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ne . himalaya , china , taiwan , burma , sumatra , java , borneo . see [ maps ]
pergesa aurifera butler , 1875 ; proc . zool . soc . lond . 1875 : 7 [ ne . himalayas ]
pergesa olivacea moore , 1872 ; proc . zool . soc . lond . 1872 ( 2 ) : 567 ; tl : simla , nw . himalayas , 7000ft
pergesa velata walker , 1866 ; list spec . lepid . insects colln br . mus . 35 : 1853 ; tl : darjeeling
[ maps ] warning ! the maps are automatically generated from the textual information , and the process does not always produce acceptable result ; see about maps for more info .
walker , 1866 list of the specimens of lepidopterous insects in the collection of the british museum list spec . lepid . insects colln br . mus . 31 : 1 - 322 ( [ 1865 ] ) , 32 : 323 - 706 ( 1865 ) , 33 : 707 - 1120 ( 1865 ) , 34 : 1121 - 1534 ( [ 1866 ] ) , 35 : 1535 - 2040 ( 1866 )
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please note : we may still be awaiting delivery of some of these new arrivals , also some sell very quickly . prices subject to change
robert westphal theinsectcollector avenida playa cristall 43 , casa 2 ( urb . pino alto ) 43892 miami playa ( tarragona ) spain
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nepal , china ( xizang / tibet , yunnan ) , bhutan , northeastern india , northern myanmar , northwest thailand , northern vietnam .
sphingidae of the eastern palaearcticby a . r . pittaway & i . j . kitching ; moths of thailand vol two page 121 urltoken
we have initiated a project to use moths to understand speciation patterns and processes in arunachal pradesh . a second goal is to generate a photo - library of moths as a resource for long - term monitoring of moth populations and also to promote conservation - oriented moth tourism in partnership with tribal communities in arunachal pradesh . the first goal requires accurate identification of all the species , for which we will use multiple strategies including molecular diagnostics . tourism and population monitoring require that the moths be identified based on the pattern visible while they are resting on the screen , i . e . the upper forewing pattern in most cases . we hope to achieve this for most species , at least in a restricted geographical area .
according to our protocol we will sample moths at uv screens at 10 different locations spanning 3000m of elevation in a single area . we expect to generate images of half a million individual moths comprising over 1000 species every season . the screen is marked with 30 grids of size 20cm x 30cm , each of which are photographed thrice during the night . individual moth images will be cropped from these grid shots . the screen fabric also has a printed pattern which provides a size reference ( approx . 15mm between double lines of the same shade ) . during the next season we hope to return with better images either by increasing the number of image pixels or by imaging even smaller fields ( 13 cm x 20 cm ) .
in this first installment we present a gallery of over 1000 images comprising 70 + sphingids .
we welcome comments on the species identification ( corrections , confusing species , etc ; please include references where possible ) and enquiries for collaboration from experienced moth researchers , both professional and amateurs . your contribution to this project will be invaluable for refocusing attention on a remarkable hotspot of moth biodiversity which has had little systematic studies during the recent decades .
we should emphasise that our species identifications are merely the closest pattern match that we could locate rather than a definitive identification . indeed in some cases the
closest
match is with a range - restricted species thousands of km away .
beck , jan ; kitching , ian j . ; the sphingidae of southeast - asia ( sosea )
inoue , h ; kennett , r . d ; kitching , ian j . ; moths of thailand , vol 2 , sphingidae ( mot2 )
pittaway a . r . ; kitching , ian j . ; lin , felix ; sphingidae of the eastern palearctic ( sotep )
the files names of all images are listed below ( the images ) for reference in correspondence . images with uncertain identification have a _ zq _ label in the file names . colour forms of a species are indicated by _ f # _ in the name .
click on the links to reach the image gallery the link below each image opens the corresponding species page each species page has a link to all the other images of the species .