pedois humerana is a species of moth of the depressariidae family .

it is found in australia , where it has been recorded from new south wales and tasmania .

the forewings are yellow with a jagged black bar across the middle and at the base .

the hindwings are plain grey .

pedois humerana

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conchylis humerana walker , 1863 ; list spec . lepid . insects colln br . mus . 28 : 366
pedois anthracias lower , 1902 ; trans . r . soc . s . aust . 26 : 246
pedois cosmopoda turner , 1900 ; trans . proc . r . soc . s . aust . 24 : 12
pedois rhodomita turner , 1900 ; trans . proc . r . soc . s . aust . 24 : 13
the adult moth of this species has yellow forewings with a jagged black bar across the middle and at the base of each one . the hindwings are plain grey . the wingspan is about 2 cms .
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walker , f . 1863 ,
tortricites & tineites
, list of the specimens of lepidopterous insects in the collection of the british museum , vol . 28 , pp . 287 - 561
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : 2d8810c6 - 0fed - 415e - a692 - 3df307b851b0
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : 6297f6ea - 3da6 - 415a - 8daf - 3884c057f908
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . name : 304017
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cryptolechia amaurophanes turner , 1947 ; proc . linn . soc . n . s . w . 72 ( 3 - 4 ) : 157 ; tl : new south wales , murrurundi
cryptolechia argillea turner , 1927 ; pap . proc . r . soc . tasm . 1926 : 155
doleromima ceramora meyrick , 1902 ; trans . r . soc . s . aust . 26 : 160
cryptolechia epinephela turner , 1947 ; proc . linn . soc . n . s . w . 72 ( 3 - 4 ) : 157 ; tl : queensland , mt tamborine
machimia haploceros turner , 1946 ; proc . linn . soc . n . s . w . 70 ( 3 - 4 ) : 109
cryptolechia lutea turner , 1927 ; pap . proc . r . soc . tasm . 1926 : 154
doleromima rhaphidias turner , 1917 ; trans . r . soc . s . aust . 41 : 119
cryptolechia sarcinodes meyrick , 1921 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 13 ) : 395 ; tl : south australia , pinnaroo
cryptolechia tripunctella walker , 1864 ; list spec . lepid . insects colln br . mus . 29 : 757
sangmi lee , richard brown & sibyl bucheli . gelechioidea - a global framework ;
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characters of a few australian lepidoptera , collected by mr . thomas r . oxley
walker , 1863 ; walker , 1864 list of the specimens of lepidopterous insects in the collection of the british museum list spec . lepid . insects colln br . mus . 27 : 1 - 286 ( 1863 ) , 28 : 287 - 562 ( 1863 ) , 29 : 563 - 835 ( 1864 ) , 30 : 837 - 1096 ( 1864 )
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the caterpillars of this family generally live in shelters made from leaves of their foodplants joined with silk . the family is often included in
a taxon identifier is composed of name , author , year and attribute , all separated by a blank . these are all extracted from the original publication .
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created by dicky sick ki yu 1997 - 2012 please send me information about errors and omissions ( contact information ) with supporting references , possibly with pdf or hard copy .


scrobipalpa bryophiloides is a moth of the gelechiidae family .

it is found in eastern europe , from finland and latvia through ukraine to the volga region and the southern ural .

it is also found from turkey to the middle east , central asia ( turkmenistan , uzbekistan , kazakhstan , iran ) , china ( inner mongolia , ningxia , shaanxi , xinjiang ) and mongolia .

the length of the forewings is 5-6.1 mm .

the forewings are brown-yellowish with groups of paler scales between the three black dots and at the tip .

the hindwings are grey-whitish .

the larvae feed on suaeda confusa .

they possibly mine the leaves of their host plant .

scrobipalpa bryophiloides

synonyms : scrobipalpa broader terms : gelechiidae ( gelechiid moths ) scrobipalpa more specific : scrobipalpa abai scrobipalpa acuminatella scrobipalpa aestivans scrobipalpa aganophthalma scrobipalpa ahasver scrobipalpa albofusca scrobipalpa albostriata scrobipalpa algeriensis scrobipalpa altajica scrobipalpa amseli scrobipalpa anatolica scrobipalpa ancillella scrobipalpa aptatella scrobipalpa arborealis scrobipalpa arenbergeri scrobipalpa argentea scrobipalpa argenteonigra scrobipalpa arogantella scrobipalpa artemisiella scrobipalpa asiri scrobipalpa atrella scrobipalpa atriplex scrobipalpa atriplicella scrobipalpa audax scrobipalpa autonoma scrobipalpa avetjanae scrobipalpa bahai scrobipalpa bahrainica scrobipalpa bandiamiri scrobipalpa bazae scrobipalpa bertramella scrobipalpa bifasciata scrobipalpa bigoti scrobipalpa bigoti tunesica scrobipalpa biljurshi scrobipalpa bipunctella scrobipalpa biskrae scrobipalpa blapsigona scrobipalpa bletrias scrobipalpa brackenridgella scrobipalpa bradleyi scrobipalpa brandti scrobipalpa brunhildae scrobipalpa bryophiloides scrobipalpa bulganensis scrobipalpa burmanni scrobipalpa calaritanella scrobipalpa caliacrae scrobipalpa camphorosmella scrobipalpa caryocoloides scrobipalpa chenopodiella scrobipalpa chersophila scrobipalpa chetitica scrobipalpa chinensis scrobipalpa chrysanthemella scrobipalpa cirsiella scrobipalpa clarella scrobipalpa clintoni scrobipalpa coctans scrobipalpa colasta scrobipalpa concerna scrobipalpa concreta scrobipalpa confusa scrobipalpa consueta scrobipalpa corsicanum scrobipalpa costella scrobipalpa costimacula scrobipalpa cryptica scrobipalpa cultrata scrobipalpa dagmaris scrobipalpa dalibori scrobipalpa delattini scrobipalpa deleta scrobipalpa deluccae scrobipalpa desertella . . .
scrobipalpa is a genus of moths in the family gelechiidae . euscrobipalpa has sometimes been treated as a distinct subgenus , or even as a full genus , but is generally no longer recognised as valid , following ponomarenko & park ( 2007 ) . [ 2 ]
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a new species of fish , pseudoliparis swirei , published in zootaxa ( 4358 : 161 - 177 ) by gerringer , m . e et al . was voted among top 10 new species described in 2017 .
a new species of madagascan crickets described by mustafa ünal and george beccaloni in zootaxa was featured in a national geographic story . well done mustafa and george !
a new species of wolf spider , lycosa aragogi , is named after aragog—the famous fictional spider from “harry potter” book series by j . k . rowling . the new species is similar to the animatronic puppet version of the character used in the film “harry potter and the chamber of secrets” , which is actually based on a wolf spider . the naming of the new species is dedicated to the 20th anniversary of harry potter book series .
mariah o . pfleger , r . dean grubbs , charles f . cotton , toby s . daly - engel
identification of nipaecoccus ( hemiptera : coccomorpha : pseudococcidae ) species in the united states , with descriptions of nipaecoccus bromelicola sp . n . and the male of n . floridensis beardsley
a taxon identifier is composed of name , author , year and attribute , all separated by a blank . these are all extracted from the original publication .
the name is reproduced exactly as proposed in the original publication . the name of a genus is made up of one word and species made up of two words ( genus and species ) separated by a blank .
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created by dicky sick ki yu 1997 - 2012 please send me information about errors and omissions ( contact information ) with supporting references , possibly with pdf or hard copy .
2011 - 01 - 26 by & van nieukerken , dr erik j . karsholt , dr ole & by dr ole karsholt
this work is licensed under a creative commons attribution - share alike 3 . 0 license
pesi is funded by the european union 7th framework programme within the research infrastructures programme . contract no . ri - 223806 . activity area : capacities . period 2008 - 2011 - website hosted & developed by vliz banner picture : gannet ( morus bassanus ( linnaeus , 1758 ) ) by karl van ginderdeuren - contact pesi
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curators : konstantin efetov , vasiliy feoktistov , svyatoslav knyazev , evgeny komarov , stan korb , alexander zhakov .
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ponomarenko , m . ; park , k . - t . 2007 : two new species and a new record of gelechiidae ( lepidoptera ) from korea . zootaxa , ( 1437 ) : 55 - 60 . abstract & excerpt [ see p . 59 ]
, 1984 : drei neue arten der tribus gnorimoschemini ( lepidoptera , gelechiidae ) aus asien .
sp . n . und andere interessante entdeckungen bei den europäischen gnorimoschemini ( lepidoptera , gelechiidae ) .
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simnia macleani is a species of sea snail , a marine gastropod mollusk in the family ovulidae , the ovulids , cowry allies or false cowries .

simnia macleani

species neosimnia macleani ( c . n . cate , 1976 ) accepted as simnia macleani ( c . n . cate , 1976 ) ( neosimnia treated as synonym of simnia )
worms - world register of marine species - simnia macleani ( c . n . cate , 1976 )
neosimnia macleani ( c . n . cate , 1976 ) ( neosimnia treated as synonym of simnia )
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - species : simnia macleani ( c . n . cate , 1976 ) - id : 1640054775
subgenus simnia ( neosimnia ) p . fischer , 1884 accepted as simnia risso , 1826
( of neosimnia macleani ( c . n . cate , 1976 ) ) lorenz f . & fehse d . ( 2009 ) the living ovulidae . a manual of the families of allied cowries : ovulidae , pediculariidae and eocypraeidae . hackenheim : conchbooks . [ details ]
taxonomy dolin & ledon ( 2002 ) considered that the lectotype of simnia nicaeensis risso , 1826 , type species of simnia , is a juvenile . . .
species simnia nicaoensis sensu j . allan , 1956 not risso , 1826 accepted as simnia nicaeensis risso , 1826 accepted as simnia spelta ( linnaeus , 1758 ) ( misspelling [ by allan , j . 1956 ] of nicaeensis risso , 1826 )
taxonomy dolin & ledon ( 2002 ) considered that the lectotype of simnia nicaeensis risso , 1826 , type species of simnia risso , 1826 , is . . .
species neosimnia sculptura c . n . cate , 1973 accepted as simnia sculptura ( c . n . cate , 1973 ) ( neosimnia treated as synonym of simnia )
species neosimnia senegalensis f . a . schilder , 1931 accepted as simnia senegalensis ( f . a . schilder , 1931 ) ( neosimnia treated as synonym of simnia )
simnia is a genus of sea snails , marine gastropod mollusks in the family ovulidae .
dolin & ledon ( 2002 ) considered that the lectotype of simnia nicaeensis risso , 1826 , type species of simnia , is a juvenile specimen of simnia spelta ( linnaeus , 1758 ) type species of neosimnia fischer , 1884 . this makes simnia an objective synonym of neosimnia . accordingly , all the species treated in lorenz & fehse ( 2009 ) under neosimnia should thereby be accepted under simnia . likewise , all the species treated by lorenz & fehse ( 2009 ) under simnia should thereby be accepted under xandarovula cate , 1973 .
species neosimnia bartschi ( c . n . cate , 1973 ) accepted as simnia bartschi ( c . n . cate , 1973 ) ( neosimnia treated as synonym of simnia )
species neosimnia bijuri ( c . n . cate , 1976 ) accepted as simnia bijuri ( c . n . cate , 1976 ) ( neosimnia treated as synonym of simnia )
taxonomy dolin & ledon ( 2002 ) considered that the lectotype of simnia nicaeensis risso , 1826 , type species of simnia , is a juvenile specimen of simnia spelta ( linnaeus , 1758 ) type species of neosimnia fischer , 1884 . this makes simnia an objective synonym of neosimnia . accordingly , all the species treated in lorenz & fehse ( 2009 ) under neosimnia should thereby be accepted under simnia . likewise , all the species treated by lorenz & fehse ( 2009 ) under simnia should thereby be accepted under xandarovula cate , 1973 . [ details ]
taxonomy dolin & ledon ( 2002 ) considered that the lectotype of simnia nicaeensis risso , 1826 , type species of simnia risso , 1826 , is a juvenile specimen of simnia spelta ( linnaeus , 1758 ) type species of neosimnia . this makes simnia an objective synonym of neosimnia . accordingly , all the species treated in lorenz & fehse ( 2009 ) under neosimnia should thereby be accepted under simnia . likewise , all the species treated by lorenz & fehse ( 2009 ) under simnia should thereby be accepted under xandarovula cate , 1973 . [ details ]
species neosimnia avena ( g . b . sowerby ii , 1832 ) accepted as simnia avena ( g . b . sowerby ii , 1832 ) ( neosimnia treated as synonym of simnia )
species neosimnia vidleri ( g . b . sowerby iii , 1881 ) accepted as simnia vidleri ( g . b . sowerby iii , 1881 ) ( neosimnia treated as synonym of simnia )
species simnia aequalis ( sowerby , 1832 ) accepted as neosimnia avena ( g . b . sowerby ii , 1832 ) accepted as simnia avena ( g . b . sowerby ii , 1832 )
species simnia inflexa schilder , 1941 accepted as simnialena rufa ( g . b . sowerby i , 1832 )
simnia inflexa schilder , 1941 : synonym of simnialena rufa ( g . b . sowerby i , 1832 )
species neosimnia illyrica f . a . schilder , 1927 accepted as simnia illyrica ( schilder , 1927 ) ( original combination )
simnia inflexa ( sowerby i , 1832 ) : synonym of simnialena rufa ( g . b . sowerby i , 1832 )
species simnia inflexa ( g . b . sowerby i , 1832 ) accepted as simnialena rufa ( g . b . sowerby i , 1832 )
species simnia rufa ( g . b . sowerby i , 1832 ) accepted as simnialena rufa ( g . b . sowerby i , 1832 )
species simnia uniplicata ( g . b . sowerby ii , 1849 ) accepted as simnialena uniplicata ( g . b . sowerby ii , 1849 )
simnia rufa ( g . b . sowerby ii , 1832 ) : synonym of simnialena rufa ( g . b . sowerby ii , 1832 )
simnia uniplicata ( g . b . sowerby ii , 1849 ) : synonym of simnialena uniplicata ( g . b . sowerby ii , 1849 )
species neosimnia capitia c . n . cate , 1973 accepted as neosimnia avena ( g . b . sowerby ii , 1832 ) accepted as simnia avena ( g . b . sowerby ii , 1832 )
species neosimnia formicaria sensu j . allan , 1956 not g . b . sowerby i , 1828 accepted as neosimnia avena ( g . b . sowerby ii , 1832 ) accepted as simnia avena ( g . b . sowerby ii , 1832 )
( of amphiperas ( simnia ) risso , 1826 ) dall w . h . 1889 . reports on the results of dredging , under the supervision of alexander agassiz , in the gulf of mexico ( 1877 - 78 ) and in the caribbean sea ( 1879 - 80 ) , by the u . s . coast survey steamer
blake
, lieut . - commander c . d . sigsbee , u . s . n . , and commander j . r . bartlett , u . s . n . , commanding . xxix . report on the mollusca . part 2 , gastropoda and scaphopoda . bulletin of the museum of comparative zoölogy at harvard college , 18 : 1 - 492 , pls . 10 - 40 . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of simnia ( neosimnia ) p . fischer , 1884 ) dall w . h . 1889 . reports on the results of dredging , under the supervision of alexander agassiz , in the gulf of mexico ( 1877 - 78 ) and in the caribbean sea ( 1879 - 80 ) , by the u . s . coast survey steamer
blake
, lieut . - commander c . d . sigsbee , u . s . n . , and commander j . r . bartlett , u . s . n . , commanding . xxix . report on the mollusca . part 2 , gastropoda and scaphopoda . bulletin of the museum of comparative zoölogy at harvard college , 18 : 1 - 492 , pls . 10 - 40 . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of xandarovula c . n . cate , 1973 ) cate c . n . ( 1973 ) . a systematic revision of the recent cypraeid family ovulidae . the veliger . 15 ( supplement ) : 1 - 117 . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of subsimnia c . n . cate , 1973 ) cate c . n . ( 1973 ) . a systematic revision of the recent cypraeid family ovulidae . the veliger . 15 ( supplement ) : 1 - 117 . , available online at urltoken page ( s ) : 72 [ details ]
cate c . n . ( 1973 ) . a systematic revision of the recent cypraeid family ovulidae . the veliger . 15 ( supplement ) : 1 - 117 . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
dolin l . & ledon d . ( 2002 ) . nouveaux taxons et discussion de la systématique des genres correspondants d ' ovulidae ( mollusca , caenogastropoda ) de l ' éocène inférieur de gan ( france ) . geodiversitas . 24 ( 2 ) : 329 - 347 . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of subsimnia c . n . cate , 1973 ) dolin l . & ledon d . ( 2002 ) . nouveaux taxons et discussion de la systématique des genres correspondants d ' ovulidae ( mollusca , caenogastropoda ) de l ' éocène inférieur de gan ( france ) . geodiversitas . 24 ( 2 ) : 329 - 347 . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of xandarovula c . n . cate , 1973 ) lorenz f . & fehse d . ( 2009 ) the living ovulidae . a manual of the families of allied cowries : ovulidae , pediculariidae and eocypraeidae . hackenheim : conchbooks . [ details ]
( of xandarovula c . n . cate , 1973 ) dolin l . & ledon d . ( 2002 ) . nouveaux taxons et discussion de la systématique des genres correspondants d ' ovulidae ( mollusca , caenogastropoda ) de l ' éocène inférieur de gan ( france ) . geodiversitas . 24 ( 2 ) : 329 - 347 . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of spiculata c . n . cate , 1973 ) dolin l . & ledon d . ( 2002 ) . nouveaux taxons et discussion de la systématique des genres correspondants d ' ovulidae ( mollusca , caenogastropoda ) de l ' éocène inférieur de gan ( france ) . geodiversitas . 24 ( 2 ) : 329 - 347 . , available online at urltoken page ( s ) : 341 [ details ]
( of neosimnia p . fischer , 1884 ) gofas , s . ; le renard , j . ; bouchet , p . ( 2001 ) . mollusca . in : costello , m . j . et al . ( eds ) , european register of marine species : a check - list of the marine species in europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification . patrimoines naturels . 50 : 180 - 213 . ( look up in imis ) [ details ]
to genbank ( from synonym neosimnia p . fischer , 1884 ) to genbank to genbank ( from synonym xandarovula c . n . cate , 1973 ) to itis
species neosimnia lamyi schilder , 1932 accepted as aclyvolva lamyi ( f . a . schilder , 1932 ) ( original combination )
species neosimnia lanceolata sensu allan , 1956 not g . b . sowerby ii , 1849 accepted as phenacovolva rosea ( a . adams , 1855 )
species neosimnia subreflexa sensu allan , 1956 not g . b . sowerby ii , 1848 accepted as pellasimnia angasi ( reeve , 1865 )
species neosimnia uniplicata ( sowerby ii , 1849 ) accepted as simnialena uniplicata ( g . b . sowerby ii , 1849 )
gofas , s . ; le renard , j . ; bouchet , p . ( 2001 ) . mollusca . in : costello , m . j . et al . ( eds ) , european register of marine species : a check - list of the marine species in europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification . patrimoines naturels . 50 : 180 - 213 . ( look up in imis ) [ details ]
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neotoxoptera , is a genus of aphid in the superfamily aphidoidea in the order hemiptera .

it is a true bug and sucks sap from plants .

neotoxoptera

neotoxoptera formosana . two other species , neotoxoptera violae ( violet aphid ) and neotoxoptera olieri ( marigold aphid ) are closely related .
photo 2 . large colonises of the onion aphid , neotoxoptera formosana , on shallot .
eastop & hille ris lambers . 1976 . survey of the world’s aphids 318 > > neotoxoptera
eastop & hille ris lambers . 1976 . survey of the world’s aphids 318 > > neotoxoptera violae
type species : neotoxoptera violae theobald , f . v . ( = oliveri ) , by original monotypy
eastop & hille ris lambers . 1976 . survey of the world’s aphids 202 , 318 > > neotoxoptera formosana
pérez hidalgo , perera gonzález & carnero hernández . 2011 . boletín de sanidad vegetal plagas 37 : 31 > > neotoxoptera formosana
pérez hidalgo , perera gonzález & carnero hernández . 2011 . boletín de sanidad vegetal plagas 37 : 35 > > neotoxoptera violae
pérez hidalgo , umaran , mier durante & nieto nafría . 2009 . graellsia 65 ( 2 ) : 180 > > neotoxoptera violae
gittins , bishop , knowlton & parker . 1976 . research bulletin of the idaho agricultural experiment station 96 : 20 > > neotoxoptera violae
chakrabarti , samiran , a . k . ghosh & d . n . raychaudhuri . 1972 . oriental insects 6 ( 3 ) : 392 > > neotoxoptera
theobald , f . v . 1915 . bulletin of entomological research 6 : 131 > > neotoxoptera urn : lsid : aphid . speciesfile . org : taxonname : 9078
author grahame jackson information from macleod a ( 2007 ) csl pest risk analysis for neotoxoptera formosana . central science laboratory , sand hutton , york . ( urltoken ) .
tao . 1963 . plant protection bulletin ( taiwan ) 5 ( 3 ) : 168 > > neotoxoptera violae urn : lsid : aphid . speciesfile . org : taxonname : 9087
favret , g . l . miller , nieto nafría & cortés gabaudan . 2008 [ 2007 ] . transactions of the american entomological society 133 ( 3 - 4 ) : 388 > > neotoxoptera
zhang , guangxue , qiao & tiesen zhong . 1999 . in huang , bangkan [ ed . ] . fauna of insects in fujian province of china volume 2 : 643 > > neotoxoptera formosana
takahashi , r . 1929 . transactions of the natural history society of formosa 19 ( 102 ) : 29 > > neotoxoptera formosana urn : lsid : aphid . speciesfile . org : taxonname : 9103
zhang , guangxue , xiaolin chen , tiesen zhong & jinghua li . 1999 . in zhang , guangxue [ ed . ] . fauna of agricultural and forestry aphids of northwest , china : insecta homoptera aphidinea 459 > > neotoxoptera
nieto nafría , favret , akimoto , barbagallo , samiran chakrabarti , mier durante , g . l . miller , qiao , sano , pérez hidalgo , stekolshchikov & wegierek . 2011 . in nieto nafría & favret [ ed . ] . registers of family - group and genus - group taxa of aphidoidea ( hemiptera sternorrhyncha ) 286 > > neotoxoptera
ty - jour ti - an onion aphid , neotoxoptera formosana ( takahashi ) ( hemiptera : aphididae ) , new to britain t2 - british journal of entomology and natural history . vl - 13 ur - urltoken pb - british entomological and natural history society , cy - [ london ] : py - 2000 sp - 94 ep - 94 sn - 0952 - 7583 au - halstead , a j er -
@ article { bhlpart94534 , title = { an onion aphid , neotoxoptera formosana ( takahashi ) ( hemiptera : aphididae ) , new to britain } , journal = { british journal of entomology and natural history . } , volume = { 13 } , copyright = { in copyright . digitized with the permission of the rights holder . } , url = urltoken publisher = { [ london ] : british entomological and natural history society , 1988 - } , author = { halstead , a j } , year = { 2000 } , pages = { 94 - - 94 } , }
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takahashi , r . 1965 . insecta matsumurana 28 ( 1 ) : 34 > > netoxoptera subsequent misspelling urn : lsid : aphid . speciesfile . org : taxonname : 25805
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the body length of the aptera is 1 . 6 - 2 . 3 mm . winged
where the borders widen out at the base and apex of each vein ) .
micrographs of clarified mounted aptera & alate courtesy padil . copyright qing - hai fan ( ministry for primary industries , nz ) under commons attribution 3 . 0 australian license .
) , either on the leaves or on bulbs in store . there are no sexual forms , so the species reproduces
is native to east and south - east asia , but is invasive in australia , new zealand , hawaii , north & south america , and north - west europe .
is not considered to be normally resident in britain , so we were surprised to find a flourishing colony on an onion purchased at a supermarket in inverness , scotland in august 2013 ( see picture below ) . this is only the second record of the species from scotland since it was first reported from fife in 2008 ( reid , pers . comm . ) .
at wisley in may 2000 having probably overwintered on garlic cloves in a cold frame . infested plants were sprayed and the pest was considered eradicated at wisley . it has since been trapped several times in 40ft aerial suction traps (
) , but it is not known whether these are migrants from resident british populations or from mainland europe .
) . since then , the onion aphid has been observed regularly in low numbers in britain and other european countries . interception of
by finland on onion bulbs from the netherlands suggests that it may have been present in the netherlands in 1994 .
and that the predator ' s potential for pest management programmes should be investigated .
observed that the ' crowding effect ' - the development of winged forms when food runs out - did not to seem to operate for onion aphids since in his food - stressed colonies no alates developed . however , different aphid species uses different environmental cues ( for example day length ) and one cannot conclude ( as piron did ) that the aphid has poor dispersal abilities .
to host and non - host plant odours . they were attracted by odours of
species , and repelled by odours of some non - host plants , namely rosemary and pennroyal .
plants , dipropyl trisulphide and diallyl sulphide , responsible for attracting the aphids , and concluded that they used these as olfactory cues to find the host plants .
may also transmit plant viruses . in japan , it has been shown to transmit garlic latent virus ( garlv ) between
we have made provisional identifications from high resolution photos of living specimens , along with host plant identity . in the great majority of cases , identifications have been confirmed by microscopic examination of preserved specimens . we have used the keys and species accounts of blackman & eastop ( 1994 ) and blackman & eastop ( 2006 ) supplemented with blackman ( 1974 ) , stroyan ( 1977 ) , stroyan ( 1984 ) , blackman & eastop ( 1984 ) , heie ( 1980 - 1995 ) , dixon & thieme ( 2007 ) and blackman ( 2010 ) . we fully acknowledge these authors as the source for the ( summarized ) taxonomic information we have presented . any errors in identification or information are ours alone , and we would be very grateful for any corrections . for assistance on the terms used for aphid morphology we suggest the figure provided by blackman & eastop ( 2006 ) .
. les pucerons des plantes cultivées . clefs d ' identification . ii . cultures maraîchères . acta / inra .
. transmission and translocation of garlic latent virus in rakkyo ( allium chinense g . don . ) .
yasuda s , et al . ( 1998 ) . characterisation and serodiagnosis of alstroemeria mosaic potyvirus . japanese journal of tropical agriculture 42 , 85 - 93 .
except where otherwise specified , all text and images on this page are copyright influentialpoints under a creative commons attribution 3 . 0 unported license on condition that a link is provided to urltoken
. the other three species host alternate from caprifoliaceae to generally unknown secondary hosts .
. the body length of the aptera is 1 . 6 - 2 . 3 mm . winged forms are very dark red to black with the
) , either on the leaves or on bulbs in store . there are no sexual forms , so the species reproduces parthenogenetically all year round . it is native to east and south - east asia , but is invasive in australia , new zealand , hawaii , north & south america , and north - west europe .
blackman , r . l . & eastop , v . f . ( 2006 ) . aphids on the world ' s herbaceous plants and shrubs . vols 1 and 2 . john wiley & sons .
distribution . this aphid is globally distributed , located in all but the coldest terrestrial habitats .
economic importance . it is particularly important on monocots such as , lillies and violets , but also attacks dianthus and stellaria ( caryophyllaceae ) and portulaca ( portulacaceae ) . it has not been implicated in the transmission of any plant virus .
see also . taxonomy at aphid species file . aphids on the world ' s plants . literature references .
blackman , r . l . and v . f . eastop . 2000 . aphids on the world’s crops , second edition . john wiley & sons with the natural history museum , london . x + 466 pages , 58 figures , 51 plates .
blackman , r . l . and v . f . eastop . 2006 . aphids on the world’s herbaceous plants and shrubs . volume 2 the aphids . john wiley & sons with the natural history museum , london . viii + pages 1025 - 1439 .
holman , j . 2009 . host plant catalog of aphids , palaearctic region . springer science and business media b . v . 1216 pp .
voegtlin , d . , w . villalobos , m . v . sanchez , g . saborio , and c . rivera . a guide to the winged aphids of costa rica . 2003 . international journal of tropical biology and conservation 51 ( suppl . 2 ) : xi + 228 pp .
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takahashi , r . 1921 ,
aphididae of formosa . part 1
, agricultural experimental station of the government of formosa . report , vol . 20 , pp . 1 - 97
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : c841c279 - e138 - 4f87 - 82d7 - 729a8686f39a
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : cdad4da3 - f167 - 4c2b - 9881 - 47e8dc8a5ebb
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : 6e3c164e - b0d9 - 42b4 - bf24 - 4b74e13fddf2
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . name : 414614
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takahashi , r . 1921 . report of the department of agriculture government research institute formosa 20 : 29 > > fullawayella formosanus urn : lsid : aphid . speciesfile . org : taxonname : 9104
pergande . 1900 . the canadian entomologist 32 ( 2 ) : 29 > > rhopalosiphum violae urn : lsid : aphid . speciesfile . org : taxonname : 9088
davidson . 1909 . journal of economic entomology 2 : 303 > > aphis violae urn : lsid : aphid . speciesfile . org : taxonname : 9089
takahashi , r . 1921 . report of the department of agriculture government research institute formosa 20 : 29 > > fullawayella violae urn : lsid : aphid . speciesfile . org : taxonname : 9090
patch . 1923 . in britton [ ed . ] . check - list of the insects of connecticut . part iv . the hemiptera or sucking insects of connnecticut . bulletin of the connecticut state geological and natural history survey 34 : 304 > > myzus violae urn : lsid : aphid . speciesfile . org : taxonname : 9091
hottes & frison . 1931 . bulletin of the illinois natural history survey 19 : 292 > > idiopterus violae urn : lsid : aphid . speciesfile . org : taxonname : 9092
essig . 1935 . pan - pacific entomologist 11 ( 4 ) : 162 > > micromyzus violae urn : lsid : aphid . speciesfile . org : taxonname : 9093
blanchard , everard eel . 1939 . physis 17 : 942 > > idiopterus violae
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to cite this page : myers , p . , r . espinosa , c . s . parr , t . jones , g . s . hammond , and t . a . dewey . 2018 . the animal diversity web ( online ) . accessed at https : / / animaldiversity . org .
disclaimer : the animal diversity web is an educational resource written largely by and for college students . adw doesn ' t cover all species in the world , nor does it include all the latest scientific information about organisms we describe . though we edit our accounts for accuracy , we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts . while adw staff and contributors provide references to books and websites that we believe are reputable , we cannot necessarily endorse the contents of references beyond our control .
this material is based upon work supported by the national science foundation grants drl 0089283 , drl 0628151 , due 0633095 , drl 0918590 , and due 1122742 . additional support has come from the marisla foundation , um college of literature , science , and the arts , museum of zoology , and information and technology services .
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worldwide . it was first recorded in taiwan , but now occurs widely in the tropics and sub - tropics , and occasionally in europe . asia , africa ( st . helena ) , north and south america , europe ( restricted ) , oceania . it is recorded from australia , new zealand , and the highlands of papua new guinea .
members of the onion ( allium ) family , including chives , leeks , onion , shallot , leeks , and weed relatives of onion .
the aphid lives on onions and their relatives , either on the leaves ( photo 1 ) or on the bulbs in storage . populations increase rapidly to damaging levels and plants wilt , yellow , collapse , and dry ( photo 2 ) .
eggs are unknown , and so are males . females give birth to living young without fertilization . the nymphs pass through four stages before they become winged or wingless adults . the body length is 1 . 5 - 2 . 5 mm , and the antennae are approximately the same length as the body . adults are dark red to black . winged individuals occur occasionally , and they have distinctive wide black veins .
it is thought that this aphid is attracted to the compounds in allium species that give them their distinctive smell .
spread over short distances occurs by adults walking between plants , and over long distances on air currents , and on bulbs traded on domestic or international markets . survival occurs on volunteer plants from the previous crop or on bulbs in storage .
damage occurs in two ways : directly as the aphids suck the sap of plants causing them to collapse , and indirectly through the spread of viruses . the latter are reported in japan . the extent of either kind of damage is not well documented , but the fact that populations increase quickly and cause the collapse of plants suggests that it can be considerable . serious rots in storage are reported from australia .
look for dark red or black aphids , mostly wingless , but some winged with broad veins on the wings . individuals .
natural enemies predators [ ladybird beetles and their larvae , hover ( syrphid ) flies and lacewing larvae ] , and parasites ( wasps ) usually keep onion aphid populations low ; however , the rapid population increase of the onion aphid may mean that the smell of onions , and other allium species , keeps natural enemies away .
do not plant down - wind from crops with aphids . occasionally , winged aphids are produced or wingless ones are spread in strong winds onto new crops .
establish plants that are favoured by hoverflies whose syrphid larvae eat aphids ; for instance , plant oregano , buckwheat , alyssum , bachelor buttons , and dill .
remove weeds from within and also outside the crop , especially any that are in the onion family .
inspect crops often and regularly ; destroy leaves heavily infested with aphids by hand ( or if necessary use insecticides - see below ) .
mulch the crop . plastic mulches , clear or black , may delay build - up of aphids as they find it difficult to distinguish crops growing in them .
collect , burn or bury the remains of the crop after harvest . do not leave any parts of the crop that can regrow .
chemical control if ants are present , find the nest , and if not too close to the plants with aphids , destroy the nest with boiling water ; alternatively , use ant baits or spray with synthetic pyrethroids . without ants , predators and parasites will bring about natural control .
use soap solution , horticultural oil ( made from petroleum ) , or white oil ( made from vegetable oils ) as follows ( see fact sheet no . 56 ) :
commercial horticultural oil can also be used . these sprays work by blocking the breathing holes of insects causing suffocation and death . spray the underside of leaves , as the soap and oils must contact the aphids .
plant - derived products , such as neem , derris , pyrethrum and chilli ( with the addition of soap ) .
note , derris varieties ( fish poisons ) are common in pacific island countries , and they may be present in your country . but be careful if they are used as derris contains rotenone , a toxic insecticide , so it should be used with caution ( see fact sheet no . 56 ) .
rosemary oil has been shown to repel onion aphids ; test it to see if it is effective .
synthetic pyrethroids are likely to be effective against aphids , and also ants , but will also kill natural enemies .
produced with support from the australian centre for international agricultural research under project pc / 2010 / 090 : strengthening integrated crop management research in the pacific islands in support of sustainable intensification of high - value crop production , implemented by the university of queensland and the secretariat of the pacific community .
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antaeotricha trisecta is a moth in the depressariidae family .

it was described by lord walsingham in 1912 .

it is found in mexico ( tabasco ) and guatemala .

the wingspan is about 18 mm .

the forewings are shining , silvery white , with a broad dark mouse-grey patch along the dorsum , somewhat dilated from the base below the fold , crossing the middle of the fold and abruptly ending with a convex margin two-thirds of the distance between the cell and the termen , where it extends fully as high as the upper edge of the cell .

a slender line continues the curve of its outer margin to the costa .

this patch is twice interrupted by the white ground colour , first at about one-third , secondly beyond the middle , after each interruption a curved line of the dark mouse-grey scales is produced backward from the inner edge of the patch beyond , the first of these lines sometimes forming a semi-detached streak , nearly reaching to the base of the wing .

around the termen and apex is a slight clouding of dark mouse-grey scales forming a series of connected spots between the veins .

the hindwings are pale brownish grey .

antaeotricha trisecta

biokids is sponsored in part by the interagency education research initiative . it is a partnership of the university of michigan school of education , university of michigan museum of zoology , and the detroit public schools . this material is based upon work supported by the national science foundation under grant drl - 0628151 . copyright © 2002 - 2018 , the regents of the university of michigan . all rights reserved .
confused by a class within a class or an order within an order ? please see our brief essay .
to cite this page : myers , p . , r . espinosa , c . s . parr , t . jones , g . s . hammond , and t . a . dewey . 2018 . the animal diversity web ( online ) . accessed at https : / / animaldiversity . org .
disclaimer : the animal diversity web is an educational resource written largely by and for college students . adw doesn ' t cover all species in the world , nor does it include all the latest scientific information about organisms we describe . though we edit our accounts for accuracy , we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts . while adw staff and contributors provide references to books and websites that we believe are reputable , we cannot necessarily endorse the contents of references beyond our control .
this material is based upon work supported by the national science foundation grants drl 0089283 , drl 0628151 , due 0633095 , drl 0918590 , and due 1122742 . additional support has come from the marisla foundation , um college of literature , science , and the arts , museum of zoology , and information and technology services .
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the name is reproduced exactly as proposed in the original publication . the name of a genus is made up of one word and species made up of two words ( genus and species ) separated by a blank .
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agonoxeninae amblytenes meyrick , 1930 lunatica meyrick , 1930 anchimompha clarke , 1965 melaleuca clarke , 1965 auxotricha meyrick , 1931 ochrogypsa meyrick , 1931 homoeoprepes walsingham , 1909 homeoprepes hodges , 1978 , missp . felisae clarke , 1962 sympatrica clarke , 1962 trochiloides walsingham , 1909 microcolona meyrick , 1897 transennata meyrick , 1922 nanodacna clarke , 1964 ancora clarke , 1964 indiscriminata clarke , 1965 logística ( meyrick , 1931 ) ( colonophora ) vinacea ( meyrick , 1922 ) ( homaledra ) nicanthes meyrick , 1928 rhodoclea meyrick , 1928 pammeces zeller , 1863 albivitella zeller , 1863 citraula meyrick , 1922 crocoxysta meyrick , 1922 lithochroma walsingham , 1897 pallida walsingham , 1897 phlogophora walsingham , 1909 problema walsingham , 1915 panclintis meyrick , 1929 socia meyrick , 1929 prochola meyrick , 1915 aedilis meyrick , 1915 agypsota meyrick , 1922 basichlora meyrick , 1922 catacentra meyrick , 1917 chloropis meyrick , 1922 euclina meyrick , 1922 fuscula forbes , 1931 holomorpha meyrick , 1931 obstructa meyrick , 1915 ochromicta meyrick , 1922 oppidana meyrick , 1915 orphnopa meyrick , 1922 orthobasis meyrick , 1922 pervallata meyrick , 1922 prasophanes meyrick , 1922 revecta meyrick , 1922 semiabata meyrick , 1922 sollers meyrick , 1917 subtincta ( meyrick , 1922 ) ( syntetrernis ) syntentrernis meyrick , 1922 neocompsa meyrick , 1933 xiphodes meyrick , 1922 tocasta busck , 1912 priscella busck , 1912 zaratha walker , 1864 macrocera r . felder & rogenhofer , 1875 mesonyctia meyrick , 1909 pterodactylella walker , 1864 nivelventris r . felder & rogenhofer , 1875
elachistinae elachista treitschke , 1833 aphelosetia stephens , 1834 cycnodia herrich - schäffer , 1853 phigalia chambers , 1875 , preocc . ( duponchel , 1829 [ geometridae ] ) atachia wocke , 1876 neaera chambers , 1880 , preocc . ( robineau - desvoidy , 1830 [ diptera ] ) hecista wallengren , 1881 aphigalia dyar , 1903 irenicodes meyrick , 1919 euproteodesviette , 1954 albisquamella zeller , 1877 luciliella zeller , 1877 tersectella zeller , 1877
thioscelis meyrick , 1909 directrix meyrick , 1909 fuscata duckworth , 1967 geranomorpha meyrick , 1932 lipara duckworth , 1967 whalleyi duckworth , 1967 timocratica meyrick , 1912 lychnocrates meyrick , 1926 agramma becker , 1982 albella ( zeller , 1839 ) ( depressaria ) albitogata becker , 1982 amseli duckworth , 1962 , repl . name albella amsel , 1956 , preocc . ( not zeller , 1839 ) anelaea ( meyrick , 1932 ) ( stenoma ) argonais ( meyrick , 1925 ) ( stenoma ) argonias clarke , 1955 , missp . bicornuta becker , 1982 butyrota ( meyrick , 1929 ) ( stenoma ) syndicastis ( meyrick , 1929 ) ( stenoma ) constrictivalva becker , 1982 effluxa ( meyrick , 1930 ) ( lychnocrates ) fraternella ( busck , 1910 ) ( stenoma ) fuscipalpalis becker , 1982 grandis ( perty , [ 1833 ] ) ( yponomeuta ) guarani becker , 1982 isarga ( meyrick , 1925 ) ( stenoma ) leucocapna ( meyrick , 1926 ) ( lychnocrates ) leucorectis ( meyrick , 1925 ) ( stenoma ) longicilia becker , 1982 loxotoma ( busck , 1909 ) ( stenoma ) macroleuca ( meyrick , 1932 ) ( stenoma ) major ( busck , 1911 ) ( stenoma ) maturescens ( meyrick , 1925 ) ( stenoma ) megaleuca ( meyrick , 1912 ) ( stenoma ) melanocosta becker , 1982 melanostriga becker , 1982 meridionalis becker , 1982 monotonia ( strand , 1911 ) ( cryptolechia ) isographa meyrick , 1912 claudescens meyrick , 1925 crassa meyrick , 1925 nivea becker , 1982 palpis ( zeller , 1877 ) ( cryptolechia ) auxoleuca ( meyrick , 1925 ) ( stenoma ) haywardi busck , 1939 parvifusca becker , 1982 parvileuca becker , 1982 philomela ( meyrick , 1925 ) ( stenoma ) pompeiana meyrick , 1925 spinignatha becker , 1982 subovalis ( meyrick , 1932 ) ( stenoma ) stomatocosma ( meyrick , 1932 ) ( stenoma ) titanoleuca becker , 1982 venifurcata becker , 1982 xanthosoma ( dognin , 1913 ) ( stenoma ) a . xanthosoma ( dognin , 1913 ) ( stenoma ) sacra ( meyrick , 1918 ) ( stenoma ) b . leucocephala becker , 1982 xanthotarsa becker , 1982
this material is based upon work supported by the national science foundation under grant no . deb 416078 . any opinions , findings , and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the national science foundation .
author - richard l . brown uploaded on 4 july 2009 ; last upsdated on 19 august 2015