lath ( foaled 1732 ) was a british thoroughbred racehorse .

he won at least four races , including a 1000 guinea sweepstakes at newmarket and a match race against squirt .

after retiring from racing he became a stallion and produced a number of high class runners and also sired the grand-dam of st.leger winner hollandoise .

lath ( horse )

vintage theodore degroot wood lath art , carousel horse , 37 ' ' x37 ' ' , great cond .
among the many famous horses he sired were lath , cade ( full brother to lath ) , blank and regulus .
metal lath , patented in england in 1797 , began to be used in parts of the united states toward the end of the 19th century . the steel making up the metal lath contained many more spaces than wood lath had contained . these spaces increased the number of keys ; metal lath was better able to hold plaster than wood lath had been .
brown coat . the brown coat is the second application of wet , base - coat plaster with wood lath or metal systems . with gypsum board lath ( rock lath , plasterboard ) , it is the only base coat needed .
a third lath system commonly used was rock lath ( also called plaster board or gypsum - board lath ) . in use as early as 1900 , rock lath was made up of compressed gypsum covered by a paper facing . some rock lath was textured or perforated to provide a key for wet plaster . a special paper with gypsum crystals in it provides the key for rock lath used today ; when wet plaster is applied to the surface , a crystalline bond is achieved .
beautiful folk art carousel horse lath painting by theodore degroot . large sz . 37 . 5 x 37 . 5 ' ' , great condition . signed .
degroot cat folk art wood lath picture 16 . 5x 16 . 5
cat walkimng
lath 1732 bay colt by the godolphin arabian out of lady roxana by bald galloway .
the structure of latherin , a surfactant allergen protein from horse sweat and saliva .
in early australia a “blood horse” was an arabian horse . arabian sires are recorded in volume one of the ajc’s australian stud book , along with their progeny .
horizontal cracks are often caused by lath movement . because it absorbs moisture from the air , wood lath expands and contracts as humidity rises and falls . this can cause cracks to appear year after year . cracks can also appear between rock lath panels . a nail holding the edge of a piece of lath may rust or loosen , or structural movement in the wood framing behind the lath may cause a seam to open . heavy loads in a storage area above a rock - lath ceiling can also cause ceiling cracks .
this is a beautiful , signed degroot lath wood picture of a cat gingerly walking . it has a chip on one toe ( see pic ) . lath art / austin .
horse hair is coarse dark hair for use in the backing coats internally and externally .
when plasterers work with old lath , each lath strip is re - nailed and the chunks of old plaster are cleaned out . because the old lath is dry , it must be thoroughly soaked before applying the base coats of plaster , or it will warp and buckle ; furthermore , because the water is drawn out , the plaster will fail to set properly . as noted earlier , if new metal lath is installed over old wood lath as the base for new plaster , many of these problems can be avoided and the historic lath can be retained . the ceiling should still be sprayed unless a vapor barrier is placed behind the metal lath .
the alcocks arabian was a grey horse imported to england in 1704 from constantinople along with a handful of other arabians by sir robert sutton . this stallion is responsible for the continuous line of greys found in the thoroughbred breed today . although there was another horse noted to be grey ( the brownlow turk ) , the studies of lady wentworth proved this horse and the alcocks arabian to be the same horse . ( when the horse had changed hands , the new owner had simply given the horse a different name . )
by the 19th century sawn lath started to be used , although there is no doubt that riven lath is stronger , and its textured surface and exposed grain affords a far better key .
he had a second horse by the name of fitzwilliam in the same 1790 derby race .
rock lath was the most economical of the three lathing systems . lathers or carpenters could prepare a room more quickly . by the late 1930s , rock lath was used almost exclusively in residential plastering .
lath provided a means of holding the plaster in place . wooden lath was nailed at right angles directly to the structural members of the buildings ( the joists and studs ) , or it was fastened to nonstructural spaced strips known as furring strips . three types of lath can be found on historic buildings .
traditional plaster are often made by installing strips of wood lath to the framing and then multiple coasts of plaster are spread over the lath . the plaster can contain pig hair or horse hair for strength . this may also be applied , in some instances , over a masonry , brick or stone wall .
a bundle of approximately 100g will be required for an area of 4sqm of lath or 6sqm of solid wall .
“after dampening the old lath and coating the damaged area with a bonding agent , a fairly liquid plaster mix ( with a glue size retardant added ) is applied to the backs of the lath , and worked into the voids between the faces of the lath and the back of the plaster . while this first layer is still damp , plaster - soaked strips of jute scrim are laid across the backs of the lath and pressed firmly into the first layer as reinforcement . the original lath must be secure , otherwise the weight of the patching plaster may loosen it .
it is also possible to use rock lath as a plaster base . plasterers may need to remove the existing wood lath to maintain the woodwork ' s reveal . rock lath is a 16x36 - inch , 1 / 2 - inch thick , gypsum - core panel covered with absorbent paper with gypsum crystals in the paper . the crystals in the paper bond the wet plaster and anchor it securely . this type of lath requires two coats of new plaster—the brown coat and the finish coat . the gypsum lath itself takes the place of the first , or scratch , coat of plaster .
vintage 3 - d 1982 rustic barn lath wood folk art of old barn 17 x 12 r . l . long
plaster is applied in three coats over wood lath and metal lath—the scratch , brown , and finish coats . in three - coat work , the scratch coat and brown coat were sometimes applied on successive days to make up the required wall thickness . using rock lath allowed the plasterer to apply one base coat and the finish coat—a two - coat job .
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if the back of the ceiling lath is accessible ( usually from the attic or after removing floor boards ) , small areas of bowed - out plaster can be pushed back against the lath . a padded piece of plywood and braces are used to secure the loose plaster . after dampening the old lath and coating the damaged area with a bonding agent , a fairly liquid plaster mix ( with a glue size retardant added ) is applied to the backs of the lath , and worked into the voids between the faces of the lath and the back of the plaster . while this first layer is still damp , plaster - soaked strips of jute scrim are laid across the backs of the lath and pressed firmly into the first layer as reinforcement . the original lath must be secure , otherwise the weight of the patching plaster may loosen it .
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in october of 2008 , my little khieba , ridden by justine ix , was part of the 8th - place novice team at the chronicle of the horse adult team challenge , held at the virginia horse center in lexington , virginia .
listed is a rustic , handmade piece of folk art . this wood lath wall hanging depicts a painted hand - carved amish horse and buggy with wire wheels and reins . i ' ve wiped the piece down but haven ' t really . . .
in the early ‘90s , mokhieba’s get were showing success in the hunter ring . among his winning foals were danalle , champion yearling at both pennsylvania’s devon horse show and virginia’s upperville colt & horse show ; thorn bird , 1995 american horse show association ( now united states equestrian federation ) zone 3 adult amateur champion and champion in the adult divisions at upperville and the
overloading and structural movement ( especially when combined with rotting lath , rusted nails , or poor quality plaster ) can cause plaster to detach from the lath . the plaster loses its key . when the mechanical bond with the lath is broken , plaster becomes loose or bowed . if repairs are not made , especially to ceilings , gravity will simply cause chunks of plaster to fall to the floor .
derby day wherever it is being run in the world today is considered ‘the best single event day of thoroughbred horse racing’ .
lath b c 1732 ( godolphin arabian - roxana , by bald galloway ) . sire line godolphin arabian . family 6 - a .
horses became a vital component in warfare and hunting , as reflected in the art of ancient assyria , where elaborate and ornate horse trappings and ornaments were developed reflecting the prestige and status of horse , charioteer and rider and were recorded on stone reliefs .
to provide more reliable keying and to strengthen the patch , expanded metal lath ( diamond mesh ) should be attached to the wood lath with tie wires or nailed over the wood lath with lath nails . the plaster is then applied in three layers over the metal lath , lapping each new layer of plaster over the old plaster so that old and new are evenly joined . this stepping is recommended to produce a strong , invisible patch . also , if a patch is made in a plaster wall that is slightly wavy , the contour of the patch should be made to conform to the irregularities of the existing work . a flat patch will stand out from the rest of the wall .
for larger holes where all three coats of plaster are damaged or missing down to the wood lath , plasterers generally proceed along these lines . first , all the old plaster is cleaned out and any loose lath is re - nailed . next , a water mist is sprayed on the old lath to keep it from twisting when the new , wet plaster is applied , or better still , a bonding agent is used .
hi heather , by lath cement do you mean the lath or the plaster covering the lath ? if you have exposed the wooden strips or lath then by all means stick or screw up a piece or drywall . but if it’s the plaster you’re looking at and it’s not that well adhered to the wooden lath behind you might need to be careful . however , as it’s so small an area i think you’ll be fine to screw up a piece of drywall over the whole thing and finish it off . just make sure you find the joists behind the plaster and use a drywall screw long enough to get into them about an inch or so . good luck and feel free to let me know if i can help . cheers ian
babraham b c 1738 ( godolphin arabian - sachrissa , by hartley ' s blind horse ) . sire line godolphin arabian . family 15 .
this wooden rocking horse art is in good condition . very rustic , folk art ! it is heavy ! auctiva ' s free counter .
2014 was the year of the horse in chinese culture , part of a 12 - year - cycle of animals that makes up the chinese zodiac . people born in the year of the horse are considered adventurous , stable and quite energetic and it seems , want to improve themselves .
while woven hazel or willow spars work well and are often found in surviving wattle and daub , the practice of splitting oak and chestnut lath to produce riven laths became popular early in the 15th century . oak and chestnut make particularly good riven lath as they both contain natural oils , thus ensuring long life .
you can also use a screw into the lath or a stud . a trim head screw would be ideal but other screws could be used as well .
the byerley turk in 1686 at the second siege of buda , which is the western part of the hungarian capital budapest on the west bank of the danube , captain byerley captured a horse from the turks . he reputedly later rode the horse at the battle of the boyne in 1690 .
emma , ridden here at preliminary by olympian philip dutton in 2003 , has won several horse trials at training level and higher with multiple riders .
from the mare roxana he got lath ( b c 1732 ) , thought to be the best racehorse since flying childers . his son regulus was broodmare sire of eclipse . however , his most important contribution was his son cade , full brother of lath , who sired matchem , progenitor of the matchem sire line .
if a plasterer skimped on materials , the wall may not have sufficient plaster thickness to withstand the normal stresses within a building . the minimum total thickness for plaster on gypsum board ( rock lath ) is 1 / 2 inch . on metal lath the minimum thickness is 5 / 8 inch ; and for wood lath it is about 3 / 4 to 7 / 8 inch . this minimum plaster thickness may affect the thickness of trim projecting from the wall ' s plane .
when cracks are larger and due to structural movement , repairs need to be made to the structural system before repairing the plaster . then , the plaster on each side of the crack should be removed to a width of about 6 inches down to the lath . the debris is cleaned out , and metal lath applied to the cleared area , leaving the existing wood lath in place . the metal lath usually prevents further cracking . the crack is patched with an appropriate plaster in three layers ( i . e . , base coats and finish coat ) . if a crack seems to be expanding , a structural engineer should be consulted .
a lively big bay horse painted by james seymour ( 1702–1752 ) , being led by a training groom , is thought likely to be flying childers .
an alternative to reusing the old wood lath is to install a different lathing system . galvanized metal lath is the most expensive , but also the most reliable in terms of longevity , stability , and proper keying . when lathing over open joists , the plasterer should cover the joists with kraft paper or a polyethylene vapor barrier . three coats of wet plaster are applied consecutively to form a solid , monolithic unit with the lath . the scratch coat keys into the metal lath ; the second , or brown , coat bonds to the scratch coat and builds the thickness ; the third , or finish coat , consists of lime putty and gauging plaster .
keys may have deteriorated because of a localized moisture problem , poor quality plaster , or structural overloading ; yet , the surrounding system may be intact . if the areas surrounding the loose area are in reasonably good condition , the loose plaster can be reattached to the lath using flathead wood screws and plaster washers . to patch a hole in the ceiling plaster , metal lath is fastened over the wood lath ; then the hole is filled with successive layers of plaster , as described above .
if the plaster has separated from the wood lath its likely because the “keys” , where the plaster connects to the lath , have broken off . you need to re - attach the plaster to the lath . this can be done with drywall screws but a better solution would be to use “plaster washers” . these washers are either metal or plastic . they are about 1 1 / 2″ wide , a screw is inserted through the washer and driven into the wood lath . the washer pulls the plaster tight against the lath . you will need these washers every foot or so ( or every few inches depending on how bad the plaster is detached ) to secure the plaster . once the washers are installed , and the plaster is stabilized , you then skim a coat of new plaster over the washers to hide them .
pot - 8 - os was an important race horse with a career between 1777 and 1783 . lord grosvenor purchased him , later putting him to stud .
white markings are frequently seen on both the face and legs . horses with four white stockings have long been considered ‘unlucky’ , even among serious horse traders .
the conservator injects an acrylic adhesive mixture through holes drilled in the face of the plaster ( or through the lath from behind , when accessible ) . the loose plaster is held firm with plywood bracing until the adhesive bonding mixture sets . when complete , gaps between the plaster and lath are filled , and the loose plaster is secure .
it is the earliest known racing venue of post - classical times and king james i ( 1566 – 1625 ) greatly increased the popularity of horse racing there .
theodore degroot . lath art ( austin ) . farmhouse / barn . folk art . size : w 37
x h 25
x d 2
. country scene .
uh oh … . . you’ve got a period lath and plaster ceiling that needs some ‘love’ hmm ? i’ve been working with lath and plaster for more than 30 years so read on and learn what you can do to get years more life out of your plasterwork and what to do if it’s beyond economic repair . ( p . s . if you want to remove your lath and plaster ceiling , you can head over to the “ how to take down lath and plaster ceilings ” page instead ) . most people agree that traditional lath and plaster ceilings ( and walls ) , really add charm and enhance the feeling of living in a period house . eventually though , old lath & plaster is prone to cracking , sagging or even falling down . the good news is that it’s often possible to repair lath & plaster ceilings ( and walls ) and make them last a good while longer ( if you like the look and feel ) . for those that have gone too far and need replacing with something else , we’ll look at the different options open to you . what you choose depends on the look or feel you’re aiming for , your budget and your ‘tolerance’ of erm… . . how can i put it ; ‘rustic’ surfaces ! it’s also a universal truth that the ‘flatter’ and most ‘long lived’ repairs cost more to carry out and the older your lath and plaster , the more work it’s likely to need .
lath ( gb ) ch . h , 1763 { 9 - a } dp = 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 ( 0 ) di = inf cd = inf
for more then 20 years , mokhieba sired foals that have gone on to a wide range of activities , making him a true “sport horse” sire . the term “sport horse” is a relatively new one in equestrian circles . the definition implies that “sport” stallions are used for sports other then racing and that their get are successful in their endeavors .
a lath and plaster ceiling can be left in place and ‘over - boarded’ with plasterboard , using long drywall screws through the existing lath and plaster into the joists ( not ideal but , quite commonly done ) . you will hear this option discussed a lot and for many it is considered the ‘only’ option , mostly to avoid the horrible mess created by complete removal !
back reads lath art us patent no 4 , 061 , 514 . this gorgeous piece features an array of carousel horses in beautiful color . the piece is signed at the bottom corner .
the veterinary surgeon osmer , as quoted by prior , described him in the following manner :
there never was a horse ( at least , that i have seen ) so well entitled to get racers as the godolphin arabian ; for , whoever has seen this horse must remember that his shoulders were deeper , and lay farther into his back , than those of any horse ever yet seen . behind the shoulders , there was but a very small space ere the muscles of his loins rose exceedingly high , broad , and expanded , which were inserted into his hindquarters with greater strength and power than in any horse i believe ever yet seen of his dimensions , viz fifteen hands high .
it was england’s king charles i ( 1600 - 1649 ) who inaugurated the first ever horse cup race in 1634 . following his restoration to the throne in 1660 his son , charles ii also established , after 1671 nearby his palace at newmarket what was recently discovered , and believed to have been , the 1st professional horse racing stables in the world * .
william osmer , who had met the horse , said of him ,
whoever has seen him must remember that his shoulders were deeper and lay farther into his back than any horse yet seen ; behind his shoulders there was but a small space ; before the muscles of his loin rose excessively high , broad , and expanded , which were inserted into his quarters with greater strength and power than any horse ever yet seen of his dimensions . it is not to be wondered at that the excellence of this horse ' s shape was not in early times manifest to some men , considering the plainness of his head and ears , the position of his fore - legs , and his stunted growth , occasioned by want of food in the country where he was bred .
since mr . osmer was acquainted with the horse it is worth noting that he never referred to him as a barb .
in the next generation , the sire matchem appears . his breeding includes , from his sire , cade by the barb out of roxana . matchem’s dam’s line does not offer any of the barb’s blood , but it does offer the byerly turk . a subsequent generation offers the barb’s first colt , lath , in the female line , as well as the darley horse twice .
the queen loves royal ascot and is also acknowledged as a skilled breeder and owner , who often manages to visit horse farms during international trips that are otherwise filled with more formal events .
when the damaged plaster has been removed , the owner must decide whether to replaster over the existing lath or use a different system . this decision should be based in part on the thickness of the original plaster and the condition of the original lath . economy and time are also valid considerations . it is important to ensure that the wood trim around the windows and doors will have the same
reveal
as before . ( the
reveal
is the projection of the wood trim from the surface of the plastered wall ) . a lath and plaster system that will give this required depth should be selected .
this heavy wood lath art features fruit on a table with a wood box . it nicely painted and has the degroot engraved signature . it has an attached wire on the back to hang on a wall .
this is a very good article on plaster repairs . i found it whilst trying to find out how old my plaster ceiling is . its lath and plaster , but does that necessarily mean it’s lime plaster ?
regulus 1739 bay colt out of grey robinson by
bald galloway
- sire of lady roxana , the dam of the unbeaten lath as well as king ' s plate winner , and legendary sire cade .
there are a few types of common repairs ; cracks , missing pieces or separated lath and plaster . the repair method will vary depending on what type of plaster you have and how it was originally installed .
coke died very young and left roxana and lath to his friend , the earl of godolphin , while “ye arabian” was left to another friend , roger williams . the earl of godolphin purchased the horse from williams and from then on he was known as the godolphin arabian . the earl repeated the breeding of the godolphin arabian and roxana , next getting the outstanding cade . although not as successful on the track as his full brother lath , cade left his stamp on the thoroughbred breed through his son , matchem , who was a competent runner and the sire of an amazing 354 offspring before his death in 1781 .
the godolphin arabian ( c . 1724 - 1754 ) , also known as the godolphin barb , was an arabian horse who was one of three stallions that were the founders of the modern thoroughbred horse racing bloodstock ( the other two are the darley arabian and the byerley turk ) . he was given his name for his best - known owner , francis godolphin , 2nd earl of godolphin .
where haired lime plaster is to be applied to a masonry background , the plaster relies largely upon suction for its bond , so it does not need as much hair as a plaster which is to be applied to lath , which relies almost entirely for its key on the nibs that protrude between the laths . insufficient hair reinforcement in a plaster mix on lath will result in weak nibs and the risk of early failure .
the builders of this mid - 18th century house installed the baseboard molding first , then applied a mud and horse hair plaster . lime was used for the finish plaster . photo : nps files .
only way to be sure is by having a lab look at it under a microscope . you can ' t tell by the naked eye ( except for the horse hair and pink fiberglass insulation ) .
they are one of the oldest breeds of horse in existence , archaeological evidence dates them back over 4 , 500 years . there are many myths and legends associated with them throughout history . they are an focal point of many great stories of courage , loyalty and faith , as humans and the horse bonded as one . arabian bloodlines are found in almost every breed of modern riding horses , especially thoroughbreds .
imported by mr edward coke from france in 1729 , he is believed to have come from the stables of the duke of lorraine . many myths surround the stallion , but it is likely he was given to the king of france by the bey of tunis . nicknamed shami , he was headstrong and difficult to keep , as a result he fell into poor condition . edward coke stood the horse at stud , describing him as an arabian . there he covered the fickle mare roxana who produced a beautiful son named lath . lath went onto to be the best racehorse of his day , establishing the godolphin arabian as a top racing sire .
i am involved in looking at a refurbishment of and existing building from the turn of last century and we have lath and plaster throughout and there horse hair has been used as a binder in the plaster and i am looking for information sources on the hazards to health and there seems to be a lacking of information available when doing simple searches on the intranet . any information on where others have found similar information would be useful
using one of the traditional lath and plaster systems provides the highest quality plaster job . however , in some cases , budget and time considerations may lead the owner to consider a less expensive replacement alternative . designed to reduce the cost of materials , a more recent lath and plaster system is less expensive than a two - or - three coat plaster job , but only slightly more expensive than drywall . this plaster system is called veneer plaster .
when plaster dries , it is a relatively rigid material which should last almost indefinitely . however , there are conditions that cause plaster to crack , effloresce , separate , or become detached from its lath framewor . these include :
scratch coat . the first base coat put on wood or metal lath . the wet plaster is
scratched
with a scarifier or comb to provide a rough surface so the next layer of base coat will stick to it .
horse racing , the favorite pastime of king charles ii began to be called
the sport of kings
during his reign . charles ii acquired foreign mares to improve the english horse through his marriage to catherine of braganza ( 1638 - 1705 ) . the queen consort was the daughter of john iv of portugal . she was married to charles in 1662 . as part of her dowry england secured bombay and tangier . the mares imported from tangier and the resulting stock came to be called the
royal mares .
this breeding stock would form the basis of the mares later bred with imported middle - eastern stallions to develop the thoroughbred horse .
by 1750 the new long legged , larger , faster thoroughbred horse had become an established breed . the long legged thoroughbred averages 16 hands tall at the withers and is capable of speeds of up to 40 miles per hour or between 50 and 60 feet per second . a thoroughbred can cover 20 feet or more in a single stride . this new horse bred for speed was much taller and faster than any that had come before .
this is a rustic barn country folk art piece by theodore degroot done in his lath medium assembled by austin . it is an original vintage scene with a farmhouse and barn in the countryside . size : w 37
. . .
if a historic ceiling is too cracked to patch or is sagging ( but not damaged from moisture ) , plasterers routinely keep the old ceiling and simply relath and replaster over it . this repair technique can be used if lowering the ceiling slightly does not affect other ornamental features . the existing ceiling is covered with 1x3 - inch wood furring strips , one to each joist , and fastened completely through the old lath and plaster using a screw gun . expanded metal lath or gypsum board lath is nailed over the furring strips . finally , two or three coats are applied according to traditional methods . replastering over the old ceiling saves time , creates much less dust than demolition , and gives added fire protection .
was it really a fact that the godolphin arabian got to cover roxana only because another stallion , hobgoblin , for some reason did not fancy her ? if the tale is not true , it ought to be , and i prefer to believe it . but for that mating , which resulted in the top class runner lath , the godolphin may never have become what we now know he was , namely , the most important horse ever imported to england .
thoroughbred speed and stamina also helped develop warmblood and sports horse breeds across europe . today , as well as being the foundation of many sporting breeds , they also compete at every level and event in the equestrian world .
the godolphin arabian the last to come to england , the godolphin arabian was foaled in yemen and given to the king of france as a gift . one story tells of the horse pulling a lowly water cart at paris .
for many thousands of years , lime plaster has been applied to masonry substrates and various forms of wooden lath . an increasing number of specifications now call for lime plaster to be applied to inappropriate backgrounds such as plywood , and a variety of alternative lathing materials have been introduced , including expanded metal and patent forms of lath product such as riblath . even chicken wire has been used . as there will be little or no bond with a parent background such as plywood , the integrity of the render is dependent on the choice of lath and the quality of fixing . all these attempts to bypass the proven traditional methods will fail unless the fixings are capable of taking the load and the mesh , or lath , is fixed in such a way that mortar can encompass the structure that is to support it . if expanded metal is specified , a system of spacers , such as simple timber batten , should be fixed behind the mesh to ensure that the plaster can surround the support .
arabic , persian , turkish and mughal miniature paintings , ceramics and manuscripts attest to the growing importance of the horse in the islamic world from the seventh century where exquisite mughal miniatures depicted their princes with their valued middle eastern steeds .
in this new hampshire residence dating from the 1790s , the original plaster was a single coat of lime , sand , and horsehair applied over split lath . a one - coat repair , in this case , is appropriate . photo : john leeke .
flat - head wood screws and plaster washers were used to reattach loose ceiling plaster to the wood lath . after the crack is covered with fiberglass mesh tape , all will be skim - coated with a patching compound . photo : john obed curtis .
the horse race known as the derby , which is held in many countries around the world , is all about testing the strength and endurance of three year old colts and fillies . it is considered ‘the blue riband’ of turf racing .
the vicomte called the horse “shami , ” although he was sometimes called “scham” in historical texts . the king of france was reported to be unimpressed with the godolphin arabian and his travelling companions , possibly because of their poor condition after their journey . the duke of lorraine probably got possession of the godolphin arabian and sold him to the duke of devonshire , englishman edward coke . it’s unlikely that the horse pulled a water cart in france , as portrayed in king of the wind .
escape was involved in a suspect performance . on 20th october 1791 the prince of wales ' horse escape ridden by sam chifney was badly beaten at newmarket , only to run again the next day and win easily at 5 - 1 against .
i wouldn’t damp down the lath as the bonding agent ( watery glue essentially ) is usually wet enough . you can use regular drywall scrim to reinforce the new plaster which should be as fine as available . plaster of paris or casting plaster typically . cheers ian
bred at longford hall in derbyshire by edward coke ( 1701 - 1733 ) , lath was said to be the first offspring of the godolphin arabian [ gsb 1 : 392 ] , and was foaled on april 8 , 1732 . he was a full brother to the champion sire cade ( b c 1734 ) and a half brother to roundhead ( ch c 1733 childers ) . following coke ' s death lath was acquired by francis ( 1678 - 1766 ) , 2nd earl of godolphin , along with his dam roxana 1 .
it’s an eighteenth century watercolour and a great example of the flourishing horse painting genre of the time when animal and sporting portrait art works were commissioned by the wealthy , royalty included . james seymour’s art epitomizes the delightful style employed by the best .
the carthorse was admired and bought by an englishman named edward coke , who brought him to england . the second earl of godolphin acquired the horse and bred him to several distinguished mares . mated to roxana , he sired lath , the greatest racehorse in england after flying childers : another mating of these two produced cade , the sire of the great matchem who carried on the line of the godolphin arabian . in 1850 it was remarked , “the blood of the godolphin arabian is in every stable in england . ”
bought in paris by englishman edward coke , the horse was taken to coke’s estate at longford hall in derbyshire . when coke died in august 1733 the arabian was sold to francis , 2nd earl of godolphin ; whence he gets his name . while , according to the records , the horse never raced , he was an outstanding success at stud . although he only sired about 80 foals in a career lasting 22 years , he was leading sire three times , in 1738 , 1745 and 1747 .
sounds like an interesting house toby , seriously old ! nice to get a comment from someone not asking about plasterboards too . sounds like you managed a sympathetic repair on your old lath and plaster , i wish more folks would give some of these old materials a go .
i’d be wary of wetting the bone dry lath too much , lest they swell and further damage the nibs . it seems like you do need to add in some extra mass on top to provide a new key . if the nibs are broken away there is virtually nothing holding the plaster up as the lath itself shrinks away during the first few years leaving the nibs alone to carry the weight of the plaster underneath . your goal now is to stick the new plaster to the plaster exposed in between the laths after very carefully removing the broken nibs .
the most significant arab stallion imported into australia was in 1925 . shahzada sired over 40 % of the horses entered in the first volume of “the australasian arab horse stud book” , which finally appeared in 1960 . in the meantime some very fine horses “fell between the cracks” .
since she was a small child england’s queen elizabeth ii ( 1926 - ) has been a great horse admirer , owner of champion thoroughbred horses and a rider who has invested her time , energy , expertise and wealth in what was previously known as ‘the sport of kings’ .
i haven’t tried lime / aggregate backing coats onto lath but was really happy with how the lime hemp went up , very sticky and light . when it sets ( which is about 3 weeks ) it is rock hard too . i’ll post some pics after christmas when it is all finished !
completely remove the lath and plaster , de - nail and clear away . wire brush all plaster marks off the joists . re - route any wiring , if required and repair any damage , holes in the timberwork etc . clean up and vacuum all surfaces . leave as is or decorate with varnish , wood stain , or paint . often strips of plasterboard are fixed in between the joists on small lathes nailed onto the side of the joists to hide wiring and the underside of the floorboards above . usually just used on ceilings ( walls sometimes in the usa due to better sawn lath ) .
200 + years now separates the modern australian arabian horse from the arrival of his ancestors in australia , a country that had no indigenous equine population . the first fleet of 1788 from england brought a small group of horses to the colony collected on the sea journey at capetown .
and oslek was not an aberration . while they blew away the contenders in the jump races and held their own in the hunters and jumpers , mokhieba babies still dominate the eventing ranks today – and mokhieba will most likely enter breeding history as the first true sport horse stallion .
( skip away had lifetime earnings of over $ 9 million dollars , in the process racking up champion 3 - yr - old colt in ` 96 , champion older male horse in ` 97 & ` 98 , horse of the year in ` 98 , was entered into the u . s . racing hall of fame in 2004 , and is ranked 32 of the top 100 race horses of the 20th century ; skip away’s sire’s sire , bailjumper , was mokhieba’s full brother ; skip away’s 2009 stud fee is a modest $ 10 , 000 . )
throughout the 17th century , thoroughbreds started to be exported to the united states where racing was becoming popular . messenger and diomed were early exports , and not only helped to develop the thoroughbred overseas but their lines were used to create new breeds including the quarter horse and standardbred .
gimcrack a thoroughly game little horse , standing only 14 . 2 hands , had his first race at epsom in 1764 and won all seven of his races that year . he was beaten only ten times in eight years through nearly 40 races . he retired to stud in 1771 .
thoroughbred racehorses have a general type . characteristics of the breed state that on average , they stand a little over sixteen hands tall with a refined head and widely - spaced , intelligent eyes that sit on a neck , which is somewhat longer and lighter than in other horse breeds .
wood lath is usually made up of narrow , thin strips of wood with spaces in between . the plasterer applies a slight pressure to push the wet plaster through the spaces . the plaster slumps down on the inside of the wall , forming plaster
keys .
these keys hold the plaster in place .
the general stud book also says that
there is an original portrait of this horse in lord cholmondeley ' s collection at houghton ; on comparing which with mr stubbs ' s print of him , it will be seen that the disproportionately small limbs , as represented in the latter , do not accord with the painting .
[ gsb 1 : 392 ] it will be noticed that the stubbs versions are the only ones in which the horse is presented with the unattractive , and to some , overly large , crest which was also the subject of much criticism and controversy .
isolation and characterization of latherin , a surface - active protein from horse sweat .
beeley j . g . , eason r . , snow d . h . biochem . j . 235 : 645 - 650 ( 1986 ) [ pubmed ] [ europe pmc ] [ abstract ]
that horse was graustark , and he was decidedly different from the vast majority of the ribot production line . most were hard bays and not precocious but , given time , were capable of top - class form over middle distances ; essentially , they were stayers with a turn of foot .
this dark brown stallion was captured by captain robert byerley in 1688 in the siege of buda in hungary . used as a war horse , he taken to ireland as part of king williams war . the byerley turk was entered in a race in down royal , winning the top prize of a silver bell . not satisfied with just winning , he was also used in the battle of the boyne . eventually the captain returned the horse to his estate in county durham to stand at stud . he covered a number of “bred” mares , producing his most successful son basto in 1702 .
hi jonah , the method you describe is a common one ( well except the elastomeric paint , i’d not heard that one in the uk ) . the problem from my point of view is that considering where the nibs typically break away ( in the gap between the lath ) adding stuff from above might not help re - attach the nib or replace the strength lost . i think that’s why there has been a drift away from these methods in favour of suspension systems working from underneath . typically using stainless steel washers and either screws or wires up through the lath and plaster and into or on the side of the joists .
in the united states perhaps no thoroughbred horses have ever captured the public imagination like war admiral and seabiscuit . war admiral was a son of the horse considered the greatest thoroughbred of all time ; man o’ war and so could trace his male line back through his sire to the godolphin arabian .
in horse breeding there is something called
nicking
, repeating a proven mating over and over again , and who can blame breeders that do this , it is effective , yet very simple . this was the case with the godolphin arabian ' s greatest son to ever race , regulus .
hi nancy – i love that look ! yes , screws work nicely for this project . nails can work too . if i’m using screws , i would use # 6 “trim head” screws like these . urltoken i would make sure they are long enough to go through your barn boards , through the plaster and lath and into the studs . if your board is 3 / 4″ thick i would make sure the screws went into the studs 3 / 4″ . if you lath and plaster is 3 / 4″ thick then you would want about 2 - 1 / 4″ long screws ( longer is okay ) . here is an example urltoken
the third and final foundation stallion to come to england was imported from france in 1729 by mr . edward coke . the horse was probably tribute to the king of france by the bey of tunis . in england , the stallion passed to the second earl of godolphin after coke ' s death . matings with the distinguished mare roxana produced lath , the greatest racehorse in england after flying childers , and cade , the sire of the great matchem . lord chedworth ' s regulus was another important offspring .
the blood of the godolphin arabian is in every stable in england .
was a true statement by 1850 .
captain robert byerley captured a black horse from the turks at the siege of buda in hungary in 1686 . the byerly turk , ( the second e was dropped by accident by a printer . ) as the horse came to be know , was the first of the three foundation stallions to come to britain . he was brought to england in 1689 . the byerly turk founded a line of thoroughbreds with the foals from the small number of mares he was bred to . his most important descendant was herod , foaled in 1758 , whose success as a sire assured the continuity of the byerly line .
historically humankind owes a great debt to this most noble of animals . the domestication of the horse more than 5 , 000 years ago dramatically changed human history . domestication is thought to have first happened on the steppes of south russia with horses being introduced into the middle east around 2 , 300bc .
explains denis glaccum , an original share owner in the stallion : “the career of mokhieba typifies what is wrong with sport horse breeding in the united states … unless you can afford to spend thousands [ of dollars ] promoting the stud early in his career , he will only get promoted by what his offspring do , and it can take 10 years before a horse starts to have enough numbers on the ground to promote himself . then the stallion passes away , and his offspring start producing . we need a better system if we are ever going to get top sport horses bred in this country .


saphenista saxicolana is a species of moth of the family tortricidae .

it is found in the united states in oregon and california .

the wingspan is about 14 mm .

adults are on wing from march to may and in july .

saphenista saxicolana

no one has contributed data records for saphenista saxicolana yet . learn how to contribute .
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powell , j . a . & p . a . opler , moths of western north america , pl . 20 . 10m ; p . 157 . book review and ordering
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titanomis is a genus of moth containing the single species titanomis sisyrota , the frosted phoenix , which is only known from new zealand .

it is an extremely rare species with only 10 reliable records .

furthermore , taxonomists have difficulty placing it within an existing superfamily .

although the species is thought to be endemic to new zealand , it might also be a sporadic immigrant .

it is a large species , with a wingspan of about 60 mm .

the forewings are dark brown with dark streaks on the veins and a whitish border .

the hindwings are shaggy .

females probably insert the eggs into the host , which might be woody branches or stems of living plants , rotten wood or even a bracket fungus .

titanomis

genus : titanomis meyrick , 1888 . trans . n . z . inst . 20 : 104 . [ bhl ]
type - species : titanomis sisyrota meyrick , 1888 . trans . n . z . inst . 20 : 104 . [ bhl ]
. . . rd to observe , and has not been searched for in 10 hoare—new zealand’s most enigmatic moth – titanomis sisyrotatitanomis , but these pits are anyway absent from some australian and new world cossids ( = - = edwards et al . 1999 - = - ) . a full review of the systematic placement of titanomis is beyond the scope of this paper , and unless a very close relative can be discovered elsewhere in the world with a known biology , this inform . . .
. . . mple , eugraphe subrosea ( stephens ) ( noctuidae ) was considered to be extinct following the drainage of its fen habitat in east anglia in the 1850s , but was found to be resident in north wales in 1965 ( = - = skinner 1984 - = - ) . hence it is premature to give up hope for the survival of titanomis in new zealand . 4 . 2 strategies for rediscovery the one thing we can say with certainty about the biology of titanomis is that it . . .
. . . of the genitalia ) which can only be viewed on dissection of specimens . meyrick was averse to making such dissections , and his systematic placement of many genera and species was therefore erroneous ( = - = clarke 1955 - = - ) . titanomis is a case in point : it is excluded from the tineoidea , and indeed from all ‘primitive’ ditrysian lineages by its possession of ‘tortricoid - type’ apodemes on sternite 2 of the abdomen ( dug . . .
. . . early arose from a confusion between details of the capture of the specimen and details of its dispatch to england . the specimen is labelled in meyrick’s handwriting ‘g . v . hudson wellington 10 . 5 . 85’ ( = - = dugdale 1988 - = - ) . 5 . the blenheim specimen was presumably unknown to hudson in 1921 , when he wrote to hamilton about titanomis , as it is not mentioned by hamilton ( 1921 ) . however , hudson did mention it later ( hudson . . .
. . . n the museum of new zealand , te papa , wellington ( hudson , ms . ) ; ( 3 ) the account by h . hamilton ( 1921 ) , containing information supplied to him by hudson ( presumably in a letter ) ; ( 4 ) hudson’s account ( = - = hudson 1928 - = - ) . table 1 . records of titanomis sisyrota in new zealand . no . date locality collector sex sources depository 1 1874 ( dec ) greymouth wd r . helms 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 bmnh 2 1870s nelson nn ‘an old man’ 2 , 3 , 4 m . . .
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junior name ( s ) : titonomis ; dalla torre & strand , 1929 : 26 .
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to cite this page : myers , p . , r . espinosa , c . s . parr , t . jones , g . s . hammond , and t . a . dewey . 2018 . the animal diversity web ( online ) . accessed at https : / / animaldiversity . org .
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recording specimen localities in new zealand : an arbitrary system of areas and codes defined . n . z . journal of zoology 3 : 69 + map - dugdale , watt - 1976
. . . ot been properly defined . anaphoridae was based on anaphora clemens 1859 , a junior synonym of acrolophus poey , 1832 . the family is now known as acrolophidae , and belongs to the superfamily tineoidea ( = - = davis & robinson 1999 - = - ) . many advances have been made in lepidoptera classification since meyrick’s day , and many of the morphological features considered important nowadays are structures ( e . g . of the genitalia ) which can . . .
conservation status of the new zealand lepidoptera . science for conservation 136 : 33 - patrick , dugdale - 2000
the scientific names of the british lepidoptera . their history and meaning - emmet - 1991
. . . between 1921 and 1959 ) , and other even larger new zealand insects have been overlooked for extensive periods of time , e . g . deinacrida mahoenui gibbs ( orthoptera ) , which was not discovered until 1962 ( = - = gibbs 1999 - = - ) . even in such an intensively studied country as the uk , where lepidopterists abound , some quite large moth species have been rediscovered only after very long periods of apparent absence . for exampl . . .
a phylogenetic study on cossidae ( lepidoptera : ditrysia ) based on external adult morphology . – zoologische verhandelingen 263 : 1–295 - schoorl - 1990
. . . been taken ‘by bannelor on dun mt’ . having no further information on bannelor , i have here presumed that these two records are one and the same . 8 . the haldane specimen was apparently collected dead ( = - = hamilton 1921 - = - ) , and consists of a thorax and the left pair of wings . given its poor condition , it is impossible to be certain of the sex , but its size and colour pattern suggest that it might be a male . the only m . . .
a taxon identifier is composed of name , author , year and attribute , all separated by a blank . these are all extracted from the original publication .
the name is reproduced exactly as proposed in the original publication . the name of a genus is made up of one word and species made up of two words ( genus and species ) separated by a blank .
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and the number of omitted authors .
attribute is enclosed in square brackets . this is rarely needed , but to differentiate homo - identifiers , this will contain the page , line or plate number of original publication .
all diacritic marks , hyphens , and apostrophes are eliminated , thus only the following characters are used : a to z , a to z , 0 to 9 , blank , comma , and opening and closing square brackets . although upper and lower cases are used for the convenience of human recognition , it is not case sensitive .
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the greater hedgehog tenrec or large madagascar hedgehog or sokina ( setifer setosus , formerly known as dasogale fontoynonti ) is a species of mammal in the family tenrecidae .

it is endemic to madagascar .

its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests , subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests , subtropical or tropical moist montane forests , dry savanna , moist savanna , subtropical or tropical dry shrubland , subtropical or tropical moist shrubland , subtropical or tropical high-altitude shrubland , subtropical or tropical dry lowland grassland , subtropical or tropical high-altitude grassland , rural gardens , urban areas and zoos .

it is the only species in the genus setifer .

despite the close resemblance , it is not closely related to hedgehogs .

greater hedgehog tenrec

spontaneous neoplasia in four captive greater hedgehog tenrecs ( setifer setosus ) . - pubmed - ncbi
other species include the the common tenrec ( tenrec ecaudatus ) , the pygmy ( or lesser ) hedgehog tenrec ( echinops telfairi ) and the banded tenrec . ( tenrec ecaudatus hemicentetes )
if a tenrec could speak , this would likely be the first thing out of its mouth : “i’m not a hedgehog ! ” it doesn’t help that of the nearly 30 different tenrec species , two of them have the word hedgehog in their name . there is a greater hedgehog tenrec
the lesser hedgehog tenrec’s scientific name echinops telfairi honors british naturalist , charles telfair .
the greater hedgehog tenrec , large madagascar hedgehog is listed as least concern . does not qualify for a more at risk category . widespread and abundant taxa are included in this category , on the iucn red list of threatened species
in the vast variety of creatures on the island of madagascar , the greater hedgehog tenrec may seem small . but this little animal differs both from hedgehogs and other tenrecs , giving it a unique personality in the world of mammals .
on the international union of conservation of nature and natural resources ( iucn ) list of threatened species , the threat to the greater hedgehog tenrec is low . no foreseeable threats loom that may harm the population of these solitary , spiny creatures , and they are therefore not considered endangered .
the madagascar tenrec is different from other tenrecs in that its defense mechanism is more docile . rather than using its spines to attack potential enemies , it behaves more like a traditional hedgehog , rolling into a ball with its spines out . this spiny ball offers the tenrec protection from predators , which may include birds of prey , snakes , and carnivorous mammals called viverrids . though it is unrelated to the hedgehog , the fact that madagascar tenrec shares this particular trait is why it is called a hedgehog .
the tenrecinae are spiny tenrecs . the largest species is the tailless tenrec , tenrec ecaudatus , which weighs up to 2 . 2 pounds ( 1 kilogram ) . it is as large as a rabbit , and is less spiny than the other species . in addition to the two species of hedgehog tenrec setifer setosus and echinops telfairi , are the two species of streaked tenrec hemicentetes semispinosus and h . nigriceps .
tenrecs have been in captivity for about the same length of time as hedgehogs , but due to their slow reproductive capabilities , they are not nearly so numerous or popular . at the present time , there are but a few handful of tenrecs in the private hands of exotic animal breeders here in north america , mainly of the species setifer setosus , the greater hedgehog tenrec .
though its habitat is widespread , individual animals do not interact much outside of mating season . their breeding season occurs during september and october , with females giving birth after 51 to 69 days . litters can range in size from one to five , with three being the average . the young are weaned around 24 days , which seems relatively short as the greater hedgehog tenrec can live for up to 14 years .
the closest relatives to the tenrec family are otter shrews and golden moles ( not hedgehogs ) .
roaming about the islands of madagascar and the comoro ' s , off the shores of africa ' s east coast , lives a little known animal that is sometimes mistaken for a hedgehog . these are the rare and unusual hedgehog tenrecs .
most tenrec species live on madagascar , but some can be found on mainland africa and the comoro islands .
the lesser hedgehog tenrec is found in the dry deciduous forest areas of western madagascar and the xerophytic spiny forest and gallery regions of southwest madagascar . nocturnal and flexible in behavior , it can also inhabit grassland and farmland near human habitations .
while habitat loss is a chronic threat for island dwellers ( even on a large island like madagascar ) , and will likely impact tenrec populations throughout their range , the iucn currently lists this species as stable . the main threat to members of the tenrecidae ( and countless other species ) , is the ongoing destruction of forests for slash - and - burn agriculture , charcoal , and cattle pasture . in some areas , both greater and lesser hedgehog tenrecs are hunted for meat , while other cultures consider them taboo ( called
lesser hedgehog tenrecs are animal ambassadors at the zoo and safari park . they can be seen in behind - the - scenes safaris and special presentations .
the group ranges from the velvety - soft giant otter shrew , to the water - loving aquatic tenrec , to the punk rocker - looking streaked tenrec . they are mostly nocturnal and rely on their sensitive whiskers and keen sense of smell and hearing to find food .
many people confuse lesser tenrecs with the hedgehog species found in pet stores , but these are not the same animals ; hedgehogs are members of a different order , erinaceomorpha .
the lesser hedgehog tenrec is a kitten - sized , stout - bodied , nocturnal mammal endemic to madagascar . its back is covered in sharp , cream - and dark - colored spines , which serve as an effective defense when the animal rolls into a ball . it has a longish nose with sensitive whiskers and prominent ears , all useful in finding food and mates . its eyes are tiny . this tenrec has zalambdodont dentition , meaning their molars form a v - shape . while aquatic tenrecs have webbed toes , the land - loving lesser variety does not . the lesser hedgehog tenrec has strong , grasping toes with tiny hooked claws , enabling them to keep a grip on all but the smoothest of surfaces . they can even hang by one foot or even a toe while climbing .
) , also called the madagascan hedgehog or madagascar tenrec , is native to northern and eastern madagascar . though they are similar to hedgehogs , the madagascar tenrec has a larger body and a more rounded snout . like a hedgehog , their backs and tails are covered in short , sharp spines ; while their legs and undersides sport a softer fur . madagascar tenrecs range in length from 6 inches to just shy of 9 inches ( 15 - 22cm ) and range in weight from 6 . 3 to 9 . 5 ounces ( 180 - 270 grams ) . their spines are black with white tips , though the fur may be light or dark in color .
tenrec vocalizations include hissing and grunting to twittering and echolocation clicks . some species communicate by rattling their spines . they mostly use tactile and scent to communicate with their own kind .
the lesser hedgehog tenrec is classified as an insectivore , but is actually an omnivore . in addition to eating insects and their larvae on the ground or in trees , it can also prey upon small vertebrates and bird eggs and it occasionally consumes fruit . at the zoo and safari park , these little spined wonders are given mazuri insectivore diet , mealworms , and a variety of fresh produce .
a notable difference between hedgehogs and tenrecs : the former will hiss at potential predators while still rolled in a prickly ball , while a tenrec will uncurl and attack a potential threat .
if well kept , you can expect a captive tenrec to live to be at least 7 years and possibly as long as 10 . the maximum recorded longevity is 10 years and 6 months .
the lesser hedgehog tenrec can be found both in trees and living on the ground . it is mostly nocturnal , sleeping by day ( often resting in a tree hollow ) and foraging for food at night . it fills the same niche as mice , hedgehogs , shrews , and opossums found in other regions . during the cool , dry season from may to october , when food is harder to come by , these animals can slip into a dormant state called torpor . during this time , its body temperature drops and its metabolism slows , which helps conserve energy . a tenrec’s torpor can last three to five months !
the tenrec was likely the first mammal to land on madagascar millions of years ago , so the early lineage evolved over generations to adapt its body shape to its environment . through a process called “adaptive radiation , ” new tenrec species appeared , each physically suited for its ecological niche and free of competition , according to the international union for conservation of nature ( iucn ) / ssc afrotheria specialist group .
the madagascan hedgehog can be found primarily in dry forests or agricultural areas , though they may also be found in more humid or subtropical forests and highlands all over madagascar . their varied diet consists of fruits , insects , earthworms , reptiles and amphibians , and even carrion . during colder winter months , the madagascar tenrec will often stick to a smaller foraging area or , if conditions are particularly tough , go into torpor . torpor , something different than
once the babies are born , the female must be left alone or she may eat them . despite this immediate threat during the first week after giving birth , tenrec females make excellent mothers and will usually raise all 2 - 4 babies to the point of weaning with little or no trouble whatsoever . the madagascan hedgehog tenrec is fairly disease resistant with few , if any recorded serious ailments . like hedgehogs , though , there is probably a number of diet related health problems that must yet be overcome . as is the case with most new exotic pet species , a considerable amount of time must yet be spent in determining the exact dietary needs of these animals .
however , some tenrec species are among the most reproductively robust species on the planet : they can have litters of 32 young , which emerge from the burrow and are actively feeding with their mother at 18 to 20 days old .
they do not breed as readily or as often as most species of hedgehog , raising only one or two litters at most per year . the gestation is 60 - 70 days and the young are weaned when they are 3 - 4 weeks of age . it is in their response to threats from predators , however , that tenrecs display some rather un - hedgehog like behavior . at first a tenrec will roll into a ball and raise its spines . some species even engage in a practice known as stridulation - the vibrating of the spines to produce a rasping sound . they do not , however , click , hiss or jump as hedgehogs do . if these methods do not work , they will unroll and then charge and attack the offending creature , using their teeth and powerful jaw muscles to drive it off . this is one animal that you don ' t want to upset !
the tenrec family and their closest relatives , the otter shrews and golden moles , have the greatest diversity of any living family of insectivores . interestingly , they evolved in isolation , with tenrecs living in madagascar , otter shews in west and central africa , and golden moles in southern africa .
tenrecs retain “primitive” characteristics that were likely widespread in early placental mammals , including a low and variable body temperature . also , female lesser hedgehog tenrecs have a cloaca , which is a single reproductive , intestinal , and urinary opening , unlike most mammals , which have separate openings for each bodily function . ( typically , egg - laying mammals , birds , and reptiles have cloacas , but not placental mammals . )
the large - eared tenrec takes motherhood one step further with post - partum estrus , meaning females are able to nurse one litter while another is developing in the uterus . this unusual reproductive strategy may be in response to extremely dry conditions where it lives . this strategy , though energetically taxing , allows it to maximize reproductive “output” during optimal conditions .
these small mammals can become a meal for birds of prey , snakes , and fossa . when this animal is threatened , it rolls into a ball , exposing its spiny covering and protecting its underbelly . the spiny ball is nearly impenetrable . continued provocation can elicit it coming out of its ball and advancing , gaping , and head bucking to the threat . should a predator dare to bite the tenrec , it can be left with a mouthful of short quills .
in many ways tenrecs look much like our little african pygmies , but don ' t let looks fool you . these are an entirely unrelated spiny mammal . if it were not for the fact that hedgehogs and tenrecs inhabit entirely different geographic areas , however , ( there are no hedgehogs on any of the islands inhabited by tenrecs ) they would probably be mistaken for one another . like our hedgehogs , tenrecs , of which there are several different species , have spines . they are also capable of rolling into a ball . although they can raise their spines if threatened , the musculature for doing so is far less specialized than that of the hedgehog . they are slightly smaller than our domestic hedgehogs , weighing in at about 200 grams .
once again , a comparison to hedgehogs can be made concerning captive breeding . the males and females can be put together for breeding around the end of march , not long after they have come out of their near - dormant state and have become more active . once together , the male will attempt to mount the female almost immediately . the female will very often resist vigorously but a male tenrec is determined and will even grab hold of the females ' shoulder spines with his teeth to keep her from escaping . there is rarely any injury to either party , though . the two should be left together for 7 - 10 days , after which the female is given her own cage and nest box . as has already been mentioned , the gestation period is believed to be between 51 and 58 days in length .
tenrecomorpha is also a problematic name for the tenrec - golden mole clade ( c . f . bronner et al . , 2003 ) . butler ( 1972 ) used this name for a suborder of the lipotyphla ( insectivora sensu stricto ) to accommodate only the tenrecidae , and assigned chrysochlorids to the separate suborder chrysochloridea broom , 1915 . butler ( 1988 ) tentatively accepted a common origin of these families , but argued for their early separation . eisenberg ( 1981 : 63 ) showed tenrecomorpha as a separate clade from chrysochloridea , but elsewhere ( p . 113 ) included chrysochlorids in tenrecomorpha without giving any character support . while mouchaty et al . ( 2000 ) and waddell and shelley ( 2003 ) recently used tenrecomorpha in this context , this name has most consistently been used to include only tenrecs ( e . g . macphee and novecek , 1993 ) and consequently is better applied at the subordinal level to separate tenrecids from chrysochlorids , in accordance with both morphological and molecular data suggesting early phylogenetic divergence of these taxa . following bronner et al . ( 2003 ) , we therefore reluctantly accept afrosoricida as the most specific name for a tenrecid - chrysochlorid clade .
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traditionally included in the lipotyphla ( = insectivora sensu stricto ) . various molecular studies ( madsen et al . , 2001 ; murphy et al . , 2001 a , b ; springer et al . , 1999 ) and syntheses of morphological and molecular data ( asher et al . , 2003 ; liu et al . , 2001 ) support a clade containing tenrecs and golden moles , which stanhope et al . ( 1998 ) named afrosoricida . this name is inappropriate since this clade does not include soricids , and could lead to confusion with the soricid subgenus afrosorex hutterer , 1986 . noting that tenrecomorpha butler , 1972 may be a prior , and more explicit name for this clade following simpson’s ( 1945 ) guidelines for naming superfamial taxa , bronner et al . ( 2003 ) nevertheless accepted afrosoricida because this name is entrenched in the recent literature .
following simpson ( 1931 ) , the term
tenrecoid
has also been widely misused as a general name for a vaguely defined grouping of ( extinct and extant ) taxa characterized by zalambdodonty , even though it has become clear that some of these were not technically zalambdodont , and that zalambdodonty may have arisen independently several times ( e . g . broom , 1916 ) . this further militates against its stricter nomenclatorial use , even at taxonomic ranks below order .
the supraordinal affiliation of the afrosoricida remains controversial . molecular data strongly support an affinity within the afrotheria , whereas morphological data suggest a closer relationship to lipotyphlans . lipotyphlan monophyly , however , is only weakly supported by cladistic analyses of morphological data ( asher , 1999 ) and phylogenetic analyses of combined anatomical and molecular data strongly support the inclusion of afrosoricids within afrotheria ( asher et al . , 2003 ) .
mammal species of the world : a taxonomic and geographic reference ( book , 2005 ) [ worldcat . org ]
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i thought you might be interested in this item at urltoken title : mammal species of the world : a taxonomic and geographic reference author : don e wilson ; deeann m reeder publisher : baltimore : johns hopkins university press , ©2005 . isbn / issn : 0801882214 9780801882210 0801882389 9780801882388 0801882397 9780801882395 oclc : 57557352
wilson and reeder ' s mammal species of the world is the classic reference book on the taxonomic classification and distribution of the more than 5400 species of mammals that exist today . the third edition includes detailed information on nomenclature and , for the first time , common names . each concise entry covers type locality , distribution , synonyms , and major reference sources . the systematic arrangement of
information indicates evolutionary relationships at both the ordinal and the family level . this indispensable reference work belongs in public and academic libraries throughout the world and on the shelf of every biologist who works with mammals .
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this indispensable reference work belongs in public and academic libraries throughout the world and on the shelf of every biologist who works with mammals .
a uniquely valuable compendium of taxonomic and distributional data on the world ' s living and historically extinct mammalian species . contributors and editors alike deserve the thanks of all
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wilson and reeder ' s mammal species of the world is the classic reference book on the taxonomic classification and distribution of the more than 5400 species of mammals that exist today . the third edition includes detailed information on nomenclature and , for the first time , common names . each concise entry covers type locality , distribution , synonyms , and major reference sources . the systematic arrangement of information indicates evolutionary relationships at both the ordinal and the family level . this indispensable reference work belongs in public and academic libraries throughout the world and on the shelf of every biologist who works with mammals .
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thank you for taking the time to provide feedback on the iucn red list of threatened species website , we are grateful for your input .
note : this is an amended assessment to correct the order of the assessors .
justification : this species is listed as least concern as it is a widespread species , with no threats , that occurs in a range of primary and disturbed habitats . even though habitat loss is a threat this species , it is unlikely to be declining fast enough to qualify for listing in a threatened category .
this species is endemic to the island of madagascar where it is generally found throughout the island . it has an altitudinal range of sea level to around 2 , 250 m asl .
it is very abundant in some areas , and seems to adapt well to disturbed habitats .
it is found throughout the island in all habitat types , with the exception of wetlands and marshes . it is recorded even from some urban areas , such as antananarivo , and is occasionally encountered in areas with extensive human disturbance . it is a widespread omnivore favouring eastern forests and lower elevations , but found in moist and dry zones .
there appear to be no major threats to this species . it is locally threatened by overhunting and habitat loss in some parts of its range .
it is known from many protected areas including the ambohitantely special reserve ; montagne d ' ambre national park ; anjanaharibe - sud special reserve ; manongarivo special reserve ; ankarana special reserve ; andringitra national park ; ranomafana national park ; ankarafantsika national park ; bora special reserve ; ambatovaky special reserve ; andohahela national park ; beza - mahafaly special reserve ; zombitse - vohibasia national park and isalo national park . there are no conservation measures needed for this adaptable species .
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the benchmark genome assembly and annotation of the long - lived , cancer - resistant naked mole - rat ( heterocephalus glaber ) .
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a portal of ageing changes covering different biological levels , integrating molecular , physiological and pathological age - related data .
the whosage database contains people and biotech companies that are contributing to increase our understanding of ageing and life - extension .
gestation in this animal varies with ambient temperature , being shorter when temperatures are higher [ 0434 ] .
[ 1136 ] gomes et al . ( 2011 ) , comparative biology of mammalian telomeres : hypotheses on ancestral states and the roles of telomeres in longevity determination ( pubmed )
[ 0036 ] savage et al . ( 2004 ) , the predominance of quarter - power scaling in biology
[ 0455 ] virginia hayssen et al . ( 1993 ) , asdell ' s patterns of mammalian reproduction : a compendium of species - specific data
[ 0731 ] zullinger et al . ( 1984 ) , fitting sigmoid equations to mammalian growth curves
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they rest in tree hollows by day , making a cozy den . they tend to be solitary , though they have been seen grouped together during a period of torpor . in north america , the animals slip into torpor from october to march , which coincides with our winter .
following a period of torpor during the cold season , these tenrecs mate after they emerge from the den , usually in october . gestation is 61 to 68 days after which a litter of 5 to 7 ( but up to 10 ) youngsters is born , usually during the wet season when more prey is available . the young are tiny , helpless , and weigh about eight grams . after about a month , they become independent .
one interesting behavior ( though probably not surprising given their penchant for solitary living ) is self - anointing or scent marking , which is common after cage cleaning , after new objects are added to its environment , or even while being held by a human . the animal spreads its saliva on the substrate and on its flanks using its front paws .
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body : up to 7 inches ( 18 centimeters ) long , plus a . 5 inch ( 18 millimeters ) long tail .
these animals can enter torpor to conserve energy for three to five months ; they can also enter torpor on a daily basis when it is hot outside .
tenrecs have relatively low body temperature with a range of 86 to 95 degrees fahrenheit ( 30 to 35 degrees celsius ) .
its spines can be lifted and lowered using its well - developed muscle under the skin called the panniculus carnosus .
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, is a state of inactivity or suspended activity in which an animalâ€™s bodily functions slow down to conserve energy and let the animal survive bad weather .
english - german online dictionary developed to help you share your knowledge with others . more information ! contains translations by tu chemnitz and mr honey ' s business dictionary ( german - english ) . thanks on that account ! links to this dictionary or to single translations are very welcome ! questions and answers
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when you take a closer look at these unusual creatures , though , you will begin to notice some major differences between them and hedgehogs . the most obvious being their short , conical tail that is covered with spines .
tenrecs can be housed just like hedgehogs and , since they too are insectivores , they can be fed a similar diet . they enjoy the odd mealworm and do well on a diet of fry cat food , but they can be rather fussy eaters , preferring one food today and another the next . like hedgehogs , little is known of their true dietary requirements .
another area where they are similar to hedgehogs is in their tendency to aestivate during the hot , madagascan summers . they tend to stay in this state of torpor for longer periods of time , however , with it usually lasting 2 - 3 months . in captivity , far away from the changing seasons of their home territory , they too will slow down and enter a semi - hibernation state , but usually this occurs more regularly and amongst a larger percentage of the population than do african pygmy hedgehogs . it is curious to note , however , that both animals - aside from having similar outward appearances - being so completely different , would display the very rare tendency for their biological clocks to be in equilibrium with their native habitat , no matter how displaced from it they might be .
despite their inability to reproduce as quickly as hedgehogs , they too have adjusted well to captivity . they can make very nice pets and , since they do not click and hiss when frightened , are a less intimidating animal to the uninitiated . their tendency towards aggression , though , cannot be overlooked in this regard . at this point in time , little is known of their potential for making good pets although experienced breeders have quoted excellent results .
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