hagnagora richardi is a species of moth of the family geometridae .

it is only known from a small region around podocarpus national park , in the provinces of zamora-chinchipe and loja in ecuador .

the length of the forewings is 19 mm for males and 21 mm for females .

adults closely resemble other species of the h. anicata clade .

on average it is significantly larger than hagnagora anicata , but the female has about the same size as hagnagora hedwigae .

it is easily distinguishable from hagnagora marionae by the cream-white colour of the blotches on the forewing .

hagnagora richardi

three new geometer moths : hagnagora richardi , h . hedwigae , h . mirandahenrichae
have a fact about hagnagora richardi ? write it here to share it with the entire community .
have a definition for hagnagora richardi ? write it here to share it with the entire community .
one species a day : three new geometer moths : hagnagora richardi , h . hedwigae , h . mirandahenrichae
three new hagnagora druce species ( geometridae , larentiinae ) are described : hagnagora richardi brehm , sp . n . from ecuador , hagnagora hedwigae brehm , sp . n . from ecuador , and hagnagora mirandahenrichae brehm , sp . n . from costa rica . a checklist of taxa assigned to hagnagora is provided . hagnagora is provisionally divided into six clades : the anicata clade ( 6 species ) , the buckleyi clade ( 3 species ) , the croceitincta clade ( 3 species ) , the ephestris clade ( 3 species ) , the mortipax clade ( 4 species ) and hagnagora subrosea ( 1 species ) . two taxa are revived from synonymy : hagnagora catagrammina druce , stat . rev . and hagnagora luteoradiata thierry - mieg , stat . rev . two taxa are reinstated from subspecies to species level : hagnagora acothysta schaus , stat . rev . and hagnagora jamaicensis schaus , stat . rev . four taxa are provisionally removed from hagnagora :
hagnagora
ignipennis ,
hagnagora
mesenata ,
hagnagora
vittata , and
hagnagora
ceraria . after these changes , the genus hagnagora now comprises 20 valid species .
2 hagnagora buckleyi druce male , lectotype a dorsal view b ventral view 3 hagnagora buckleyi female , paralectotype a dorsal view b ventral view 4 hagnagora lex druce male , lectotype a dorsal view b ventral view 5 hagnagora catagrammina druce male , lectotype a dorsal view b ventral view 6 hagnagora catagrammina druce female , paralectotype ( paralt ) a dorsal view b ventral view .
7 hagnagora anicata ( f & r ) , male lectotype a dorsal view b ventral view c valvae d aedeagus 8 hagnagora anicata ( f & r ) , male from ecuador as reference specimen with barcode index number ( bin ) a dorsal view b ventral view c valvae d aedeagus 9 hagnagora richardi sp . n . , male holotype a dorsal view b ventral view c valvae d aedeagus 10 hagnagora unnia sullivan , male a dorsal view b ventral view 11 hagnagora marionae brehm & sullivan , male a dorsal view b ventral view .
12 hagnagora anicata ( f & r ) , female from ecuador as reference specimen with barcode index number ( bin ) a dorsal view b ventral view c genitalia 13 hagnagora richardi sp . n . , female , paratype a dorsal view b ventral view c genitalia 14 hagnagora hedwigae sp . n . , female , paratype a dorsal view b ventral view c genitalia .
15 hagnagora croceitincta ( dognin ) female , holotype a dorsal view b ventral view 16 hagnagora epimena ( bastelberger ) male , lectotype a dorsal view b ventral view 17 hagnagora croceitincta male from ecuador as reference specimen with barcode index number ( bin ) a dorsal view b ventral view 18 hagnagora clustimena ( druce ) female , lectotype a dorsal view b ventral view 19 hagnagora clustimena female from costa rica as reference specimen with barcode index number ( bin ) 20 hagnagora clustimena male from costa rica as reference specimen with barcode index number ( bin ) a dorsal view b ventral view c valvae d aedeagus 21 hagnagora mirandahenrichae brehm sp . n . male , holotype a dorsal view b ventral view c valvae d aedeagus 22 hagnagora mirandahenrichae female , paratype a dorsal view b ventral view c genitalia .
for the experts : three new hagnagora druce species ( geometridae , larentiinae ) are described : hagnagora richardi brehm , sp . n . from ecuador , h . hedwigae brehm , sp . n . from ecuador , and h . mirandahenrichae brehm , sp . n . from costa rica . a checklist of taxa assigned to hagnagora is provided . hagnagora is provisionally divided into six clades : the anicata clade ( 6 species ) , the buckleyi clade ( 3 species ) , the croceitincta clade ( 3 species ) , the ephestris clade ( 3 species ) , the mortipax clade ( 4 species ) and h . subrosea ( 1 species ) . two taxa are revived from synonymy : h . catagrammina druce , stat . rev . and h . luteoradiata thierry - mieg , stat . rev . two taxa are reinstated from subspecies to species level : h . acothysta schaus , stat . rev . and h . jamaicensis schaus , stat . rev . four taxa are provisionally removed from hagnagora : “hagnagora” ignipennis , “hagnagora” mesenata , “hagnagora” vittata , and “hagnagora” ceraria . after these changes , the genus hagnagora now comprises 20 valid species .
23 hagnagora moripax ( druce ) male , lectotype a dorsal view b ventral view 24 hagnagora mortipax male from costa rica as reference specimen with barcode index number ( bin ) a dorsal view b ventral view 25 hagnagora mortipax male from ecuador as reference specimen with barcode index number ( bin ) a dorsal view b ventral view 26 hagnagora flavipectus ( warren ) male , holotype a dorsal view b ventral view 27 hagnagora mortipax jamaicensis ( schaus ) male , lectotype a dorsal view b ventral view ( photo usnm ) 28 hagnagora mortipax acothysta ( schaus ) female , lectotype a dorsal view b ventral view ( photo usnm ) 29 hagnagora guatica ( schaus ) female , lectotype a dorsal view b ventral view ( photo usnm ) .
30 hagnagora ephestris ( f & r ) male , lectotype a dorsal view b ventral view 31 hagnagora discordata male , lectotype a dorsal view b ventral view 32 hagnagora discordata male ( zsm lep 44128 ) from brazil as reference specimen with barcode index number ( bin ) ( photo zsm ) 33 hagnagora luteoradiata ( t - m ) male , lectotype a dorsal view b ventral view 34 hagnagora luteoradiata ( t - m ) male from costa rica ( cr ) as reference specimen with barcode index number ( bin ) a dorsal view b ventral view 35 hagnagora luteoradiata ( t - m ) male from ecuador as reference specimen with barcode index number ( bin ) a dorsal view b ventral view .
36 hagnagora subrosea ( warren ) female , lectotype a dorsal view b ventral view 37 “hagnagora” ignipennis ( dognin ) male , lectotype dorsal view 38 “hagnagora” mesenata ( f & r ) male , lectotype ( lt ) a dorsal view b ventral view 39 “hagnagora” mesenata male ( ayk - 04 - 0533 - 2 ) from chile as reference specimen with barcode index number ( bin ) a dorsal view b ventral view ( photo k mitter ) 40 “hagnagora” vittata ( philippi ) male ( m ) ( bc lp 0092 ) from chile as reference specimen with 380 bp coi fragment , dorsal view ( photo le parra ) .
summary tree of the available molecular genetic data based on genetic coi ‘barcodes’ using the kimura 2 parameter implemented in bold systems . four out of six clades are represented by the barcode data ; no data were available for the buckleyi clade and for hagnagora subrosea . “hagnagora” mesenata groups outside hagnagora sensu stricto . the species name is followed by the individual identification number and the barcode index number ( bin ) . ht : holotype , pt : paratype .
three new species of hagnagora druce , 1885 ( lepidoptera , geometridae , larentiinae ) from ecuador and costa rica and a concise revision of the genus .
hagnagora living specimens 41 hagnagora anicata ( ? ) , ecuador , zamora chinchipe , estación biológica san francisco , 22 november 2008 in typical resting habitus , but alert because of disturbance by the photographer . the tympanal organ at the base of the abdomen is well visible 42 hagnagora luteoradiata from costa rica a young caterpillar ( 09 - srnp - 31840 - dhj458869 ) b caterpillar in last instar ( 09 - srnp - 31840 - dhj458860 ) 43 hagnagora mortipax caterpillar from costa rica a dorsal view ( 14 - srnp - 3240 - dhj487561 ) b lateral view ( 14 - srnp - 3240 - dhj487557 ) .
three new species of hagnagora druce , 1885 ( lepidoptera , geometridae , larentiinae ) from ecuador and costa rica and a concise revision of the genus . - pubmed - ncbi
brehm , gunnar , 2015 , three new species of hagnagora druce , 1885 ( lepidoptera , geometridae , larentiinae ) from ecuador and costa rica and a concise revision of the genus , zookeys 537 , pp . 131 - 156 : 137 - 138
html public
- / / w3c / / dtd xhtml 1 . 0 transitional / / en
urltoken
warning : the ncbi web site requires javascript to function . more . . .
institut für spezielle zoologie und evolutionsbiologie mit phyletischem museum , vor dem neutor 1 , 07743 jena , germany .
pmid : 26798242 pmcid : pmc4714052 doi : 10 . 3897 / zookeys . 537 . 6090
every day scientists discover and describe new species . this blog introduces at least one each day .
many of the caterpillars of the geometridae pull their bodies into loops as they move . these caterpillars lack the first two or three pairs of prolegs , so that looping is their best means of progression . it is this movement that gave them their name which is latin and means
earth measurer
. they are also very often called inch worms because they measure off one inch at a time as they progress . this method of progression has been suggested as being specially suitable for moving over rough terrain .
the three new species were found in ecuador and costa rica and named after several sponsors ( mr richard philipp , mrs hedwig seppelt , ms . miranda henrich ) , of the taxonomic research on geometrids .
meet the domesticated silkmoth ( bombyx mori ) better known in its caterpillar state in which it is called silkworm though it’s not a wor . . .
isopods are an order of crustaceans that includes woodlice and their relatives . isopods can be found in the sea , in fresh water , or on la . . .
blister beetles are phytophagous ( plant - eating ) , feeding on a variety of plants including cultivated crops like potatoes and tomatoes . th . . .
lichens are fascinating organisms . in fact they are composite organisms build by algae or cyanobacteria living among filaments of multipl . . .
psoralea is a genus with its own family . most species are actually poisonous , but the starchy roots of two species , p . esculenta ( pr . . .
sign in to disable all ads . thank you for helping build the largest language community on the internet .
have a better pronunciation ? upload it here to share it with the entire community .
simply select a language and press on the speaker button to listen to the pronunciation of the word . leave a vote for your preferred pronunciation .
costa rica , heredia province , braulio carrillo national park , volcán barva , 2730 m a . s . l .
the species has been collected only at two high mountain areas in costa rica at elevations > 2500 m a . s . l .
clade , but is easily distinguished by large orange - yellow blotches on the forewing . males have a spatula - shaped uncus . coi barcode : the minimum observed distance to the presumably most closely related species (
no known copyright restrictions apply . see agosti , d . , egloff , w . , 2009 . taxonomic information exchange and copyright : the plazi approach . bmc research notes 2009 , 2 : 53 for further explanation .
search their arrest records , driving records , contact information , photos and more . . .
copyright 2018 peekyou . com . a patent pending people search process . all rights reserved .
with their large antennae and often very colourful , shiny bodies longhorn beetles are small beauties . their larvae , however , bore into wood , where they can cause extensive damage to either living trees or untreated lumber . the small to very large beetles are distributed worldwide and we know about 27 , 000 species to date .
the scientific name of this beetle family , cerambycidae goes back to a figure of the greek mythology . after an argument with the nymphs , the shepherd cerambos was transformed into a large beetle with horns .
the new species recchia nearnsi is named after eugenio h . nearns for his contributions to our knowledge on the cerambycidae .
for the experts : three new species are described : tropidion birai ( cerambycinae , neoibidionini ) from bolivia ; chrysoprasis birai ( cerambycinae , heteropsini ) from panama ; and recchia nearnsi ( lamiinae , aerenicini ) from bolivia . the new species are included in amended versions of previously published keys to species of each genus .
wei - ping chan , i . - c . chen , robert k colwell , wei - chung liu , cho - ying huang , sheng - feng shen
popular : trivia , history , america , television , tv , usa , world , geography , . . . more
popular : trivia , history , america , television , tv , usa , geography , cities , . . . more
recorded from this region of macaronesia , with references to the relevant literature . the checklist includes 37 families , 211 genera and 331
. 31 spe . . . . . . . maderensis ssp . maderensis ( bethune - baker , 1891 ) ( n . syn ) . agrotis selvagensis pinker & bacallado , 1978 is a synonym of a . lanzarotensis rebel , 1894 ( n . syn ) and agrotis trux spp . maderensis pinker , 1971 is a synonym of a . trux ssp . trux ( hã¼bner , 1824 ) ( n . syn . ) . . . .
the family nymphalidae was the most dominant one in the parc with 32 . 48 % . the diversity index ( h ' and h ' max ) and the equitability ( e ) calculated for the 6 types of habitats is h ' = 2 , 74 bits , h ' max = 4 , 09 bits and e = 0 , 67 bits , meaning that the
in central appalachian deciduous forests were studied by analysing patterns of synchrony among intra - and interspecific populations and weather . 2 . spatial synchrony of 10
, madeira and azores ) 21 . 6 % , north america 16 . 5 % , australasia 7 . 2 % and the neotropics just 5 . 2 % . th e route for almost all aliens to europe is via importation of plants or plant products . most alien
established in europe are also confi ned to man - made habitats , with 52 . 5 % occuring in parks . . .
full text available abstract in this article , we report a hyperspectral optical imaging application for measurement of the reflectance spectra of photonic structures that produce structural colors with high spatial resolution . the measurement of the spectral reflectance function is exemplified in the butterfly wings of two different
: the blue iridescence reflected by the nymphalid morpho didius and the green iridescence of the papilionid papilio palinurus . color coordinates from reflectance spectra were calculated taking into account human spectral sensitivity . for each butterfly wing , the observed color is described by a characteristic color map in the chromaticity diagram and spreads over a limited volume in the color space . the results suggest that variability in the reflectance spectra is correlated with different random arrangements in the spatial distribution of the scales that cover the wing membranes . hyperspectral optical imaging opens new ways for the non - invasive study and classification of different forms of irregularity in structural colors .
) , inhabiting the landscape reserve âzvanetsâ ( belarus , brest region ) and listed in the red book of the republic of belarus : rhyparioides metelkana , pericallia matronula , callimorpha dominula , arytrura musculus , diachrysia zosimi , chariaspilates formosaria , scopula caricaria , gagitodes sagittata , lycaena dispar , euphydryas aurinia , eu . maturna , melitaea . . .
, gracillariidae for chile associated to the native tree lithraea caustica . we propose the new genus and
hualpenia lithraeophaga mundaca , parra & vargas ; gen . nov . , sp . nov . , leaf miner of lithraea caustica ( mol . h . et arn ( anacardiaceae occurring in southern central chile . aspects of the life cycle , adult and larval morphology , development and feeding habits of the new genus and
of butterflies from allpahuayo - mishana research center and the community of san rafael , loreto , peru . we report 23 plant
and one hybrid of angiosperms used by the butterflies . larval host plants were 21
were both host plant and nectar source : passiflora coccinea aubl . and passiflora edulis sims . the most frequently used plant families were solanaceae , passifloraceae , fabaceae and aristolochiaceae .
in sugar beet crops in transylvania ( the central part of romania . in order to limit the appearance of mentioned pests to the economic threshold , trichogramma spp . were obtained in laboratory conditions at ards turda and sbrds brasov . the experiments were conducted in production areas on 0 , 5 ha minimum for each variant . the variants included four trichogramma
: t . dendrolimi , t . evanescens , t . maidis , t . buesi that were manually released three times : the first release , 10 . 000 individuals / ha , the second , 120 . 000 individuals / ha and the third , 150 . 000 individuals / ha . the first release was performed at the beginning of the
flight , the second at the maximum flight and the third 5 days after the second . the efficiency of t . maidis was between 75 - 90 % , of t . evanescens , it was between 73 - 88 % , of t . dendrolimi , it was between 85 - 92 % and of t . buesi 79 - 82 % . among the trichogramma
utilized , t . dendrolimi and t . evanescens were very efficient in the reduction of mentioned pests . root production was significantly higher compared to the untreated variant , 4 , 0 - 4 , 7 t / ha more were recorded after the application of biological treatments with t . evanescens and t . dendrolimi .
of parasitoid wasp , meteorus rugonasus shaw and jones ( hymenoptera : braconidae ) , is described from the yanayacu biological station , napo province , ecuador . the new
: nymphalidae , ithomiinae ) found feeding on leaves of solanum ( solanaceae ) . the parasitoid is solitary . this is the first record of a meteorus
in the tropics whose larvae feed on several plant families . however the genus anaea is almost always associated with croton
in a forest of southeastern brazil . quantitative samples of leaves were taken in april / 1999 and may / 2000 to collect eggs and larvae of four anaea
on c . alchorneicarpus , c . floribundus and c . salutaris in a semideciduous forest . sampled leaves were divided into three classes of plant phenological stage : saplings , shrubs and trees . the results showed that the butterfly
concentrated on sapling , another on sapling / shrub and two others on shrub / tree leaves . adults of anaea were more frequent at canopy traps but there were no differences among
caught in traps at different vertical positions . this work supplements early studies on host plant use among charaxinae
full text available pheromone traps were used to monitor the following tortricid moths , i . e . adoxophyes orana , archips podanus , a . rosanus , hedya nubiferana , pandemis heparana , spilonota ocellana , cydia pomonella , cydia funebrana and cydia molesta in the localities brno - tuåany ( brno - mästo , nebovidy ( brno - venkov and prakå¡ice ( uherskã© hradiå¡tä . other
pheromone traps , i . e . adoxophyes orana , agrotis segetum , amphipoea oculaea , archips rosanus , celypha striana , cydia coronillana , enarmonia formosana , epiblema scutulanum , epinotia huebneriana , eucosma fervidana , euxoa tritici , hedya pruniana , h . nubiferana , lymantria dispar , noctua pronuba , notocelia rosaecolana , n . roborana , pammene albuginana , p . suspectana , pandemis cerasana , pyrausta rectefascialis , p . aurata , spilonota ocellana , yponomeuta malinellus and zygaena purpuralis .
full text available macaranga myrmecophytes ( ant - plants are generally well protected from herbivore attacks by their symbiotic ants ( plant - ants . however , larvae of arhopala (
; a . dajagaka matched well the host plant - ants , a . amphimuta did not match , and unexpectedly , a . zylda lacked hydrocarbons . behaviorally , the larvae and dummies coated with cuticular chemicals of a . dajagaka were well attended by the plant - ants , especially by those of the host . a . amphimuta was often attacked by all plant - ants except for the host plant - ants toward the larvae , and those of a . zylda were ignored by all plant - ants . our results suggested that conspicuous variations exist in the chemical strategies used by the myrmecophilous butterflies that allow them to avoid ant attack and be accepted by the plant - ant colonies .
: lymantriidae ) , the nun moth , is a eurasian pest of conifers that has potential for accidental introduction into north america . to project the potential host range of this insect if introduced into north america , survival and development of l . monacha on 26 north american and eight introduced eurasian tree
( abies concolor , picea abies , p . glauca , p . pungens , pinus sylvestris with male cones , p . menziesii variety glance , and tsuga canadensis ) and six broadleaf
( betula populifolia , malus x domestica , prunus serotiaa , quercus lobata , q . rubra , and q . velutina ) were suitable for l . monacha survival and development . eleven of the host
( larix occidentalis , p . nigra , p . ponderosa , p . strobus , and pseudotsuga menziesii variety menziesii ) and six broadleaf
( carpinus caroliniana , carya ovata , fagus grandifolia , populus grandidentata , q . alba , and tilia cordata ) and the remaining 10
tested were rated as poor ( acer rubrum , a . platanoidies , a . saccharum , f . americana , juniperus virginiana , larix kaempferi , liriodendron tulipfera , morus alba , p . taeda , and p . deltoides ) . the phenological state of the trees had a major impact on establishment , survival , and development of l . monacha on many of the tree
that are suitable for l . monacha also are suitable for l . dispar ( l . ) and l . mathura moore . establishment of l . monacha in north america would be catastrophic because of the large number of economically important tree
on which it can survive and develop , and the ability of mated females to fly and colonize new areas .
dumas , pascaline ; barbut , jã©rã´me ; le ru , bruno ; silvain , jean - franã§ois ; clamens , anne - laure ; dâalenã§on , emmanuelle ; kergoat , gael j .
concepts and theories ( e . g . branching patterns , coalescence ) . as some of them can efficiently deal with large single - locus datasets , they could speed up the process of
discovery compared to more time consuming molecular methods , and benefit from the existence of large public datasets ; these methods can also particularly favour scientific research and actions dealing with threatened or economically important taxa . in this study we aim to investigate and clarify the status of economically important moths
and specimens ) ever achieved ; results are congruent and reliable , irrespective of the set of parameters and phylogenetic models applied . our analyses confirm the existence of three potential new
clusters ( for s . exigua ( hã¼bner , 1808 ) , s . frugiperda ( j . e . smith , 1797 ) and s . mauritia ( boisduval , 1833 ) ) and support the synonymy of s . marima ( schaus , 1904 ) with s . ornithogalli ( guenã©e , 1852 ) . they also highlight the ambiguity of the status of s . cosmiodes ( walker , 1858 ) and s . descoinsi lalanne - cassou & silvain , 1994 . this case study highlights the interest of molecular
concepts and theories ( e . g . branching patterns , coalescence . as some of them can efficiently deal with large single - locus datasets , they could speed up the process of
and specimens ever achieved ; results are congruent and reliable , irrespective of the set of parameters and phylogenetic models applied . our analyses confirm the existence of three potential new
clusters ( for s . exigua ( hã¼bner , 1808 , s . frugiperda ( j . e . smith , 1797 and s . mauritia ( boisduval , 1833 and support the synonymy of s . marima ( schaus , 1904 with s . ornithogalli ( guenã©e , 1852 . they also highlight the ambiguity of the status of s . cosmiodes ( walker , 1858 and s . descoinsi lalanne - cassou & silvain , 1994 . this case study highlights the interest of molecular
: hesperiidae ) , previamente citado de ecuador y bolivia . the rare skipper dalla granites ( mabille , 1898 ) (
: hesperiidae ) , previously cited from ecuador and bolivia is reported for the first time in peru .
: bombycoidea ) are considered exceptions to this rule . we used geometric morphometric techniques to detect shape and size sexual dimorphism in the fore and hindwings of seven hawkmoth
. the shape variables produced were then subjected to a discriminant analysis . the allometric effects were measured with a simple regression between the canonical variables and the centroid size . we also used the normalized residuals to assess the nonallometric component of shape variation with a t - test . the deformations in wing shape between sexes per
were assessed with a regression between the nonreduced shape variables and the residuals . we found sexual dimorphism in both wings in all analyzed
, and that the allometric effects were responsible for much of the wing shape variation between the sexes . however , when we removed the size effects , we observed shape sexual dimorphism . it is very common for females to be larger than males in
, so it is expected that the shape of structures such as wings suffers deformations in order to preserve their function . however , sources of variation other than allometry could be a reflection of different reproductive flight behavior ( long flights in search for sexual mates in males , and flight in search for host plants in females ) . â© the author 2015 . published by oxford university press on behalf of the entomological society of america .
pellmyr , olof ; balcazar - lara , manuel ; segraves , kari a . ; althoff , david m . ; littlefield , rik j .
, prodoxidae ) are well - known for their obligate relationship as exclusive pollinators of yuccas . revisionary work in recent years has revealed far higher
from four to 21 . based on field surveys in mexico and examination of collections , we describe five additional
: t . californica pellmyr sp . nov . , t . tehuacana pellmyr & balcã¡zar - lara sp . nov . , t . tambasi pellmyr & balcã¡zar - lara sp . nov . , t . baja pellmyr & balcã¡zar - lara sp . nov . , and p . californica pellmyr & balcã¡zar - lara sp . nov . tegeticula treculeanella pellmyr is identified as a junior synonym of t . mexicana bastida . a diagnostic key to the adults of all
of the t . yuccasella complex is provided . a phylogeny based on a 2104 - bp segment of mitochondrial dna ( mtdna ) in the cytochrome oxidase i and ii region supported monophyly of the two pollinator genera , and strongly supported monophyly of the 17 recognized
of the t . yuccasella complex . most relationships are well - supported , but some relationships within a recent and rapidly diversified group of 11 taxa are less robust , and in one case conflicts with a whole - genome data set ( aflp ) . the current mtdna - based analyses , together with previously published aflp data , provide a robust phylogenetic foundation for future studies of life history evolution and host interactions in one of the classical models of coevolution and obligate mutualism . additional key words : mutualism , pollination , molecular phylogenetics , mitochondrial dna
shared by two localities ( finland , austria ) that are 1600 km apart . maximum intraspecific distances for the pooled data were less than 2 % for 880
. despite such variation , the overall dna barcode library possessed diagnostic coi sequences for 98 . 8 % of the taxa . because a reference library based on finnish specimens was highly effective in identifying specimens from austria , we conclude that barcode libraries based on regional sampling can often be effective for a much larger area . moreover , dispersal ability ( poor , good ) and distribution patterns ( disjunct , fragmented , continuous , migratory ) had little impact on levels of intraspecific geographic divergence . furthermore , the present study revealed that , despite the intensity of past taxonomic work on european
shared by austria and finland require further work to clarify their status . particularly discordant bin ( barcode index number ) cases should be checked to ascertain possible explanatory factors such as incorrect taxonomy , hybridization , introgression , and wolbachia infections .
shared by two localities ( finland , austria that are 1600 km apart . maximum intraspecific distances for the pooled data were less than 2 % for 880
. despite such variation , the overall dna barcode library possessed diagnostic coi sequences for 98 . 8 % of the taxa . because a reference library based on finnish specimens was highly effective in identifying specimens from austria , we conclude that barcode libraries based on regional sampling can often be effective for a much larger area . moreover , dispersal ability ( poor , good and distribution patterns ( disjunct , fragmented , continuous , migratory had little impact on levels of intraspecific geographic divergence . furthermore , the present study revealed that , despite the intensity of past taxonomic work on european
shared by austria and finland require further work to clarify their status . particularly discordant bin ( barcode index number cases should be checked to ascertain possible explanatory factors such as incorrect taxonomy , hybridization , introgression , and wolbachia infections .
of the stigmella ruficapitella group occurring in the western palaearctic and feeding on quercus are reviewed . we recognise 19
, five of which are described as new : stigmella fasciata sp . n . on quercus pubescens from slovenia , croatia , greece and turkey , s . cocciferae sp . n . on q .
, viz . phyllonorycter graecus sp . n . developing on quercus ithaburensis decne . subsp . macrolepis ( kotschy hedge & yalt . from peloponnisos , greece , and p . gerfriedi sp . n . mining quercus coccifera l . from crete . six new synonyms have been established : phyllonorycter joviella ( constant , 1890 and p . anatolica ( deschka , 1970 of p . belotella ( staudinger , 1859 , p . arkadiella derra , 1985 of p . olympica deschka , 1983 , p . neli buvat , 1996 of p . barbarella ( rebel , 1901 , p . glaserorum ( deschka , 1969 of p . rebimbasi ( mendes , 1910 , and p . sardiniensis ( amsel , 1939 of p . sublautella ( stainton , 1869 . the lectotype of lithocolletis belotella staudinger , 1859 has been designated . diagnostic characters with figures of all
, brief data on their biology and distribution are given with several new country records . the record of phyllonorycter obtusifoliella deschka , 1974 in europe has been mentioned .
, a number that is smaller than that found in any other biogeographic region . however , it was estimated that at least 3875 additional
remain to be described in the region . phylogenetic diversification showed a pattern of expanding diversity . a few entomologists have been involved with gracillariid taxonomy in the neotropics , having 39 % of the
been described by a single taxonomist . in most of such cases , descriptions were based on the adults only . a few
have been described from biomes known to have some of the greatest diversity on earth , such as the atlantic forest . thus , such a scenario results from low sampling and scarce taxonomic activity that has prevailed for this family of moths in the neotropics . it may also be associated with their small body size and to the fact that gracillariids do not seem to be attracted to light traps as much as other moths , which make their collection and identification by non experts difficult . we also suggested scientific and political actions that could be adopted to overcome such an unfavorable scenario .
coverage , and more than 30 , 000 sequences . when viewed from a canada - wide perspective , dna barcodes unambiguously discriminate 90 % of the noctuoid
recognized through prior taxonomic study , and resolution reaches 95 . 6 % when considered at a provincial scale . barcode sharing is concentrated in certain lineages with 54 % of the cases involving 1 . 8 % of the genera . deep intraspecific divergence exists in 7 . 7 % of the
possess higher nearest - neighbour ( nn distances than native taxa , whereas generalist feeders have lower nn distances than those with more specialized feeding habits . we found high concordance between taxonomic names and sequence clusters delineated by the barcode index number ( bin system with 1 , 082
( 70 % assigned to a unique bin . the cases of discordance involve both bin mergers and bin splits with 38
falling into both categories , most likely reflecting bidirectional introgression . one fifth of the
with low , but diagnostic coi divergence . a very few cases ( 13 involved
, while virbia ferruginosa was divided into 16 . the overall results confirm that dna barcodes are effective for the identification of canadian noctuoids . this study also affirms that bins are a strong proxy for
from eight tribes of nymphalidae . the external structure of the integument of dynamine postverta postverta ( cramer , 1779 is based on detailed morphological drawings and scanning electron microscopy . the data are compared with other
belonging to eight tribes of nymphalidae , to assist future studies on the taxonomy and systematics of neotropical biblidinae .
, phalonidia manniana ( fischer von rã¶slerstamm , 1839 ) was found to comprise two genetically distinct clusters . morphological investigation further supports the existence of two distinct taxa , p . manniana and p . udana guenã©e . . . . . . , 1845 , sp . rev . their biologies also differ , p . manniana feeding in stems of mentha and lycopus ( lamiaceae ) and p . udana feeding in stems of lysimachia thyrsiflora and l . vulgaris ( primulaceae ) . we provide re - descriptions of both taxa and dna barcodes for north european phalonidia and gynnidomorpha . . . . . . . phalonidia tolli razowski , 1960 , syn . nov . , is considered a junior synonym of pudana . phalonidia udana is widely distributed in the north palaearctic , whereas it seems to be rare or missing in large parts of central europe . the study demonstrates the usefulness of dna barcoding in revealing cryptic
the proliferation of dna data is revolutionizing all fields of systematic research . dna barcode sequences , now available for millions of specimens and several hundred thousand
and gene genealogies , as indicated by situations where conspecific individuals do not form a monophyletic cluster in a gene tree . in two previous reviews , non - monophyly has been reported as being common in mitochondrial dna gene trees . we developed a novel web service
monophylizer
to detect non - monophyly in phylogenetic trees and used it to ascertain the incidence of
non - monophyly in coi ( a . k . a . cox1 ) barcode sequence data from 4977
, the largest data set of dna barcodes analyzed from this regard . particular attention was paid to accurate
identification to ensure data integrity . we investigated the effects of tree - building method , sampling effort , and other methodological issues , all of which can influence estimates of non - monophyly . we found a 12 % incidence of non - monophyly , a value significantly lower than that observed in previous studies . neighbor joining ( nj ) and maximum likelihood ( ml ) methods yielded almost equal numbers of non - monophyletic
, but 24 . 1 % of these cases of non - monophyly were only found by one of these methods . non - monophyletic
tend to show either low genetic distances to their nearest neighbors or exceptionally high levels of intraspecific variability . cases of polyphyly in coi trees arising as a result of deep intraspecific divergence are negligible , as the detected cases reflected misidentifications or methodological errors . taking into consideration variation in sampling effort , we estimate that the true incidence of non - monophyly is â¼23 % , but with operational factors still being included . within the operational factors , we separately assessed the
paniaqua voirol , luis r . ; frago , enric ; kaltenpoth , martin ; hilker , m . ; fatouros , n . e .
the insectâs microbiota is well acknowledged as a âhiddenâ player influencing essential insect traits . the gut microbiome of butterflies and moths (
, which can be used as an indicator of group condition , because of their sensitivity to intervention and specificity in the use of resources ; in the present study the changes in richness and abundance of butterflies hesperioidea papilionoidea in nature reserve las delicias were evaluated . two sampling sites with different degrees of intervention were selected . the first site is located between 400 - 550 over sea level , while the second at 200 m . we performed four samples , from april to july 2008 ; using two networks lepidopterist and 10 van someren rydon traps baited with macerated fruit and fish . we captured 432 individuals belonging to 66
, distributed in 52 genera . nymphalidae were the most rich family ( 42 ) and abundance ( 250 ) ; highlighting the
mechanitis lysimnia fabricius ( 41 specimens ) , typical in forest with very good coverage . site 2 , was the most diverse ( 48 ) and abundance ( 236 ) , because in this place there was a greater stratification and tree coverage , and the presence of water resources during the sampling . with the arrival of rain in june and july , there was greater flowering and fruiting of vegetation in the area , increasing the availability of resources and therefore a greater richness and abundance of papilionoidea and hesperioidea in the study area .
selective agrochemicals including herbicides that do not affect non - target organisms such as natural enemies are important in the integrated pest management ( ipm ) programs . the aim of this study was to evaluate the herbicide toxicity , selectivity and hormesis of nicosulfuron , recommended for the corn zea mays l . ( poaceae ) crop , on 10 trichogrammatidae ( hymenoptera )
. a female of each trichogramma spp . or trichogrammatoidea annulata de santis , 1972 was individually placed in plastic test tubes ( no choice ) with a cardboard containing 45 flour moth anagasta ( = ephestia ) kuehniella zeller , 1879 (
: pyralidae ) eggs . parasitism by these natural enemies was allowed for 48â h and the cardboards were sprayed with the herbicide nicosulfuron at 1 . 50â l . ha - 1 , along with the control ( only distilled water ) . nicosulfuron reduced the emergence rate of trichogramma bruni nagaraja , 1983 females , but increased that of trichogramma pretiosum riley , 1879 , trichogramma acacioi brun , moraes and smith , 1984 and t . annulata females . conversely , this herbicide increased the emergence rate of trichogramma brasiliensis ashmead , 1904 , t . bruni , trichogramma galloi zucchi , 1988 and trichogramma soaresi nagaraja , 1983 males and decreased those of t . acacioi , trichogramma atopovilia oatman and platner , 1983 and t . pretiosum males . in addition , nicosulfuron reduced the sex ratio of t . galloi , trichogramma bennetti nagaraja and nagarkatti , 1973 and t . pretiosum and increased that of t . acacioi , t . bruni , t . annulata , trichogramma demoraesi nagaraja , 1983 , t . soaresi and t . brasiliensis . the herbicide nicosulfuron was
harmless
( class 1 , < 30 % reduction ) for females and the sex ratio of all trichogrammatidae
based on the international organization for biological control ( iobc ) classification . the possible hormesis effect of nicosulfuron on trichogrammatidae
and on the bacterium wolbachia sp . ( rickettsiales : rickettsiaceae ) was also discussed .
, or moths and butterflies , on earth . the egg stage is the least known biological stage of moths and butterflies and there have been very few comparative studies . the purpose of this video is to provide the few , major characteristics of
: tortricidae ) were surveyed for larval parasitoids to determine how native and alien wasps are partitioned over an elevation gradient ( 2200 - 2800 m ) on hawaii island , hawaii . parasitism rate of native euderus metallicus ( eulophidae ) increased with increased elevation , while parasitism rate by immigrant calliephialtes grapholithae ( ichneumonidae ) decreased . parasitism by pristomerus hawaiiensis ( ichneumonidae ) , origins uncertain , also decreased with increased elevation . two other
, diadegma blackburni ( ichneumonidae ) , origins uncertain , and brasema cushmani ( eupelmidae ) , a purposefully introduced biological control agent for pepper weevil , did not vary significantly with elevation . results are contrasted with a previous study of this system with implications for the conservation of an endangered bird
that feed on cydia larvae . interpretation of results is hindered by lack of knowledge of autecology of moths and wasps , origins , phylogeny , systematics , competitive ability , and physiological limitations of each wasp
of the genus neonerita are described from guatemala and french guiana : neonerita bernardoespinozai sp . nov . and neonerita martinezi sp . nov . detailed
descriptions are based upon morphological and molecular characters as well as distribution data . these new taxa are discussed and compared to neonerita dorsipuncta ,
a . areletta , a . areli , and a . areloides , three new
are described from southwestern north america : a . toddi sp . n . , a . geminocula sp . n . , and a . albifusa sp . n . . a key to
, descriptions , illustrations of adults and genitalia , and distribution maps are included .
, tortricidae from the coastal valleys of northern chile , with the first continental record of e . galapagana razowski & landry
, tortricidae from the coastal valleys of northern chile , with the first continental record of e . galapagana razowski & landry . eccopsis zeller , 1852 is reported for the first time from chile . eccopsis razowskii vargas , n . sp . is described and illustrated based on specimens reared from larvae collected on native acacia macracantha willd . ( fabaceae in the coastal valleys of the northern chilean desert . eccopsis galapagana razowski & landry , 2008 , previously known only from the galapagos islands , ecuador , is recorded for the first time from continental south america . larvae of the latter were collected in northern chile feeding on prosopis alba griseb ( fabaceae .
- rich terrestrial habitats at higher latitude . however , the information for tiger moths , one of the most speciose groups of moths , is unknown in these ecoregions . in this study , we assess their
richness and composition in all three of these ecoregions . also we investigated whether the
were obtained with samples from 71 sites using standardized protocols ( 21 sites were in yungas , 19 in paranã¡ and 31 in chaco serrano ) . rarefaction - extrapolation curves , non - parametric estimators for incidence and sample coverage indices were performed to assess
richness in the ecoregions studied . non metric multidimensional scaling and adonis tests were performed to compare the
composition of tiger moths among ecoregions . permutest analysis and pearson correlation were used to evaluate the relationship among
composition and annual mean temperature , annual temperature range , annual precipitation , precipitation seasonality and altitude . among ecoregions paranã¡ was the richest with 125
composition differed among these ecoregions , although yungas and chaco serrano were more similar than paranã¡ .
composition of tiger moths differed among the three ecoregions assessed . furthermore , not only climatic factors and altitude influence the
composition of tiger moths among ecoregions , but also climatic seasonality at higher latitude in neotropical south america becomes an important factor . pmid : 27681478
were obtained with samples from 71 sites using standardized protocols ( 21 sites were in yungas , 19 in paranã¡ and 31 in chaco serrano . rarefaction - extrapolation curves , non - parametric estimators for incidence and sample coverage indices were performed to assess
composition of tiger moths among ecoregions , but also climatic seasonality at higher latitude in neotropical south america becomes an important factor .
definitions for five rose - colored cithaerias butterflies , starting with a historical overview of their taxonomy . given their mostly transparent wings , genitalia morphology yielded the most reliable characters for
, and one new combination is proposed , i . e . c . aurora tambopata . two new synonyms are proposed , callitaera phantoma and callitaera aura = cithaerias aurora . â
caterpillars weekly in the cerrado on 15 plants of diospyros burchellii hern . ( ebenaceae ) from january 2002 to december 2003 , on 30 plants of caryocar brasiliense ( caryocaraceae ) from july 2003 to june 2004 , and since 1991 on several other plant
were very rare , with only one to five adults reared . the other six
occurred throughout the year , with higher abundance during the dry season , from may to july , coinciding with overall peaks of caterpillar abundance in the cerrado . caterpillars of the genus inga build shelters by tying and lining two mature or old leaves with silk and frass , where they rest and develop ( a common habit found in oecophorinae ) . the final instar builds a special envelope inside the leaf shelter , where it will complete the larval stage and pupate . the
are very difficult to distinguish in the immature stages . external features were useful in identifying only four
: i . haemataula ( meyrick ) , i . phaecrossa ( meyrick ) , i . ancorata ( walsingham ) , and i . corystes ( meyrick ) . these four
are polyphagous and have wide geographical distributions . in this paper we provide information on the natural history and host plants of six inga
common on cerrado host plants , for which there are no reports in the literature .
belonging to the previously monotypic genus panca evans , 1955 , p . moseri dolibaina , carneiro & o . mielke sp . nov . , from grasslands areas of peru , bolivia and brazil is described . adults and male and female genitalia of the new
, vidius mictra evans , 1955 . the systematic position of the genus panca and its association with lowland open natural habitats of south america are discussed .
bakker , a . c . ; van ginkel , w . e . ; roessingh , p . ; menken , s . b . j .
is linked to other life history traits such as egg maturation , life span , and male ejaculate size and quality . the study of differences in mating strategies between closely related
pyrgus trebevicensis ( warren , 1926 , melitaea telona ( fruhstorfer , 1908 and coenonympha orientalis ( rebel , 1913 are here recorded in serbia for the first time . the key morpho - anatomical parameters for identification were done . original pictures of c . orientalis in situ and photos of genital apparatuses are given . original map of distribution examined
g . roux - morabito ; n . e . gillette ; a . roques ; l . dormont ; j . stein ; f . a . h . sperling
group by sequencing 451 bp of cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 ( coi ) and 572 bp of cytochrome oxidase subunit 2 ( coii . . .
of the genus glaucolepis braun , 1917 ( neotrifurcula van nieukerken , syn . nov . ) (
from chile and argentina ( g . flagellata remeikis & stonis , sp . nov . and g . pseudoflagellata remeikis & stonis , sp . nov . . .
full text available platyptilia galicicaensis sp . n . ( pterophoridae is described . the
is found in the republic of macedonia , ohrid , galiäica national park . all specimens were collected around helichrysum zivojini äernjavski & soska , 1940 or h . stoechas ( l . moench , 1794 ( asteraceae ; one or both of these plants is probably the host plant of the new
als , thomas damm ; nash , david richard ; boomsma , j . j .
maculinea butterflies are parasites of myrmica ant nests . the alcon blue , maculinea alcon , is unusual in that it parasitizes the nests of several myrmica
, using m . rubra , m . ruginodis and m . scabrinodis as hosts in different parts of europe . in denmark it uses m . rubra and m . ruginodis . . . . . . . alcon from three populations differing in their host use to laboratory nests of all three recorded host ant
collected from each of the m . alcon populations . we measured the attractiveness of the caterpillars to their host ants as the time taken for them to be adopted by each ant colony . . . . . . . caterpillars from all populations took longer to be adopted to m . scabrinodis nests than to nests of the other two ant
. adoption times to m . rubra and m . ruginodis colonies differed : caterpillars from each of the two populations that used a single host
- group are revised . the external and genital features of all known taxa and a new
, polymixis ivanchiki sp . n . ( lebanon , israel , turkey and iran ) are described and illustrated . polymixis serpentina iatnana hacker , 1996 , is treated here as a
distinct from polymixis serpentina ( stat . n . ) . a diagnostic comparison of the members of the
- group is provided ; descriptions of the genitalia of polymixis serpen . . .
lathecla carolyna busby , 2015 described recently from ecuador is reported to occur also in venezuela and colombia . an additional peruvian occurrence of l . mimula ( draudt , 1920 is also documented .
of gelechiidae : ephysteris kullbergi sp . n . from tuva ( russia and ephysteris ustjuzhanini sp . n . from mongolia are described . in both
the hindwings in both sexes are distinctly reduced . the adults and genitalia are illustrated . brachyptery in gelechiidae and ephysteris is briefly discussed , and type locality of e . kullbergi sp . n . is illustrated . the locomotion of e . kullbergi sp . n . is described .
of butterfly in the genus callerebia ( butler , 1867 is described from the upper dibang valley district , arunachal pradesh , india . a combination of very distinctive characters : large size ; highly rounded wings ; striking under hindwing white scales ; distinctive under hindwing tornal ocelli ; large round forewing orange apical spot and a dark brown under ground colour distinguishes this butterfly from any other callerebia
full text available metaeuchromius glacialis li , sp . n . is described from the tibetan glacier area of china . the new
is similar to m . circe bleszynski by the distal projection of costa exceeding the apex of valva , and the phallus with strong spine - like cornuti in the male genitalia . images of male adult , tympanal and scent organs as well as genitalia of the new


commatica phanocrossa is a moth in the gelechiidae family .

it was described by meyrick in 1922 .

it is found in brazil .

the wingspan is about 10 mm .

the forewings are whitish-ochreous , with the anterior half of the costa suffused white .

the plical and second discal stigmata are represented by elongate dark brown marks and approximated and there is a dark brown suboblique dash in the disc beyond these , as well as a dark brown streak along the costa from the middle to the apex , attenuated to the extremities , cut by a very oblique fine white striga from two-thirds , and marked with a black spot at the apex .

there is also a narrow white terminal streak preceded by a few brownish scales and including three blackish dots .

the hindwings are dark grey .

commatica phanocrossa

commatica phanocrossa meyrick , 1922 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1922 : 72 ; tl : brazil , teffé
commatica pterygota meyrick , 1929 ; exot . microlep . 3 ( 16 ) : 503 ; tl : brazil , obidos
commatica hexacentra meyrick , 1922 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1922 : 73 ; tl : brazil , teffé
commatica servula meyrick , 1922 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1922 : 72 ; tl : peru , jurimaguas
commatica stygia meyrick , 1922 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1922 : 71 ; tl : brazil , parintins
commatica xanthocarpa meyrick , 1922 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1922 : 73 ; tl : peru , jurimaguas
commatica chionura meyrick , 1914 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1914 : 240 ; tl : british guiana , mallali
commatica lupata meyrick , 1914 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1914 : 239 ; tl : british guiana , bartica
commatica nerterodes meyrick , 1914 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1914 : 239 ; tl : british guiana , bartica
commatica parmulata meyrick , 1914 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1914 : 241 ; tl : british guiana , bartina
commatica placoterma meyrick , 1918 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 5 ) : 146 ; tl : colombia , la crumbre , 6600ft
commatica acropelta meyrick , 1914 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1914 : 238 ; tl : british guiana , bartica and mallali
commatica cyanorrhoa meyrick , 1914 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1914 : 241 ; tl : british guiana , bartica and mallali
commatica emplasta meyrick , 1914 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1914 : 240 ; tl : british guiana , bartica and mallali
commatica eremna meyrick , 1909 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1909 ( 1 ) : 19 ; tl : bolivia , songo
commatica metochra meyrick , 1914 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1914 : 238 ; tl : british guiana , bartica and mallali
commatica crossotorna meyrick , 1929 ; exot . microlep . 3 ( 16 ) : 503 ; tl : british guiana , bartica ; colombia , cali , 500ft
commatica palirrhoa meyrick , 1922 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1922 : 72 ; tl : brazil , teffé ; peru , jurimaguas , r . napo
bifuscella ( forbes , 1931 ) ( anacampsis ) ; j . agric . porto rico 15 ( 4 ) : 376
untomia cryptina walsingham , 1911 ; biol . centr . - amer . lep . heterocera 4 : 76 ; tl : mexico , tabasco , teapa
gelechia extremella walker , 1864 ; list spec . lepid . insects colln br . mus . 29 : 625 ; tl : ega
mexico , colombia , brazil ( amazonas , rio de janeiro ) . see [ maps ]
simoneura ophitis walsingham , 1911 ; biol . centr . - amer . lep . heterocera 4 : 73 , f . 16 , pl . 2 , f . 29 ; tl : mexico , tabasco , teapa
sangmi lee , richard brown & sibyl bucheli . gelechioidea - a global framework ;
[ maps ] warning ! the maps are automatically generated from the textual information , and the process does not always produce acceptable result ; see about maps for more info .
reise der österreichischen fregatte novara um die erde in den jahren 1857 , 1858 , 1859 unter den behilfen des commodore b . von wüllerstorf - urbair . zoologischer theil . band 2 . abtheilung 2 . lepidoptera . rhopalocera
- 120 , ( inhalts - verz . ) 1 - 9 ( pl . 1 - 74 ) , ( felder & rogenhofer , 1874 ) , ( 5 ) : pl .
walsingham , 1911 lepidoptera , heterocera . tineina , pterophorina , orenodina and pyralidina and hepialidina ( part ) biol . centr . - amer . lep . heterocera 4 : 1 - 482 , pl . 1 - 10
if you have corrections , comments or information to add into these pages , just send mail to markku savela keep in mind that the taxonomic information is copied from various sources , and may include many inaccuracies . expert help is welcome .
html public
- / / w3c / / dtd html 4 . 01 transitional / / en
urltoken
note : you should have a urltoken account to upload new topics and comments . please , create an account or log in to add comments
* our website is multilingual . some comments have been translated from other languages .
there are no photos of this species on the website yet . you can offer your photo by logging into your account
curators : konstantin efetov , vasiliy feoktistov , svyatoslav knyazev , evgeny komarov , stan korb , alexander zhakov .
species catalog enables to sort by characteristics such as expansion , flight time , etc . .
confused by a class within a class or an order within an order ? please see our brief essay .
to cite this page : myers , p . , r . espinosa , c . s . parr , t . jones , g . s . hammond , and t . a . dewey . 2018 . the animal diversity web ( online ) . accessed at https : / / animaldiversity . org .
disclaimer : the animal diversity web is an educational resource written largely by and for college students . adw doesn ' t cover all species in the world , nor does it include all the latest scientific information about organisms we describe . though we edit our accounts for accuracy , we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts . while adw staff and contributors provide references to books and websites that we believe are reputable , we cannot necessarily endorse the contents of references beyond our control .
this material is based upon work supported by the national science foundation grants drl 0089283 , drl 0628151 , due 0633095 , drl 0918590 , and due 1122742 . additional support has come from the marisla foundation , um college of literature , science , and the arts , museum of zoology , and information and technology services .
popular : trivia , history , america , television , tv , usa , geography , world , . . . more
popular : trivia , history , america , television , tv , usa , geography , cities , . . . more


it is found in north america in south-western california , arizona , new mexico , northern coahuila , western and southern texas , colorado , the western plains of nebraska , wyoming and montana .

the wingspan is 22.5 – 35 mm ( 0.89 – 1.38 in ) .

the forewings are white or sometimes tan colored .

they feed on developing seeds .

this species was called a " cheater " by its original describer because it lays eggs in the developing seeds and fruits of yucca plants without pollinating the flowers , unlike other yucca moths .

tegeticula corruptrix

tegeticula corruptrix pellmyr , 1999 , n . sp . , systematic entomology , v . 24 , no . 3 , p . 243 - 271 .
cosewic assessment and status report on the non - pollinating yucca moth , tegeticula corruptrix , in canada / committee on the status of endangered wildlife in canada .
endangered , 2006
. also available in french under title : évaluation et rapport de situation du cosepac sur la teigne tricheuse du yucca ( tegeticula corruptrix ) au canada . bibliography .
cosewic assessment and status report on the non - pollinating yucca moth , tegeticula corruptrix , in canada / committee on the status of endangered wildlife in canada . : cw69 - 14 / 489 - 2006e - pdf - government of canada publications - urltoken
tegeticula corruptrix is a moth of the prodoxidae family . it is found in south - western california , arizona , new mexico , northern coahuila , western and southern texas , colorado , the western plains of nebraska , wyoming and montana . the habitat consists of grassland , shrub desert , rocky hillsides , open pine forests and shrubby grassland .
pellmyr , o . 1999 . systematic revision of the tegeticula yuccasella complex ( lepidoptera : prodoxidae ) north of mexico . systematic entomology 24 : 243 - 271 .
holotype for tegeticula corruptrix pellmyr , 1999 catalog number : usnm collection : smithsonian institution , national museum of natural history , department of entomology sex / stage : male ; adult preparation : pinned collector ( s ) : o . pellmyr year collected : 1995 locality : willcox exit 336 on i 10 , cochise , arizona , united states elevation ( m ) : 1250
pellmyr , o . 1999 . systematic revision of the yucca moths in the tegeticula yuccasella complex ( lepidoptera : prodoxidae ) north of mexico . systematic entomology 24 : 243 : 271 .
html public
- / / w3c / / dtd html 4 . 01 transitional / / en
urltoken
wing expanse 22 . 5 - 35 mm . forewing white or occasionally more or less tan colored ( at higher elevation ) ; hindwing uniformly dark brown , or darker brown along front edge and near apex , gradually lighter due to sparser scaling toward back corner . female with reduced maxillary tentacles . male genitalia with aedeagus 2 . 2 - 2 . 8 mm long , 0 . 06 - 0 . 08 mm in cross section ; female genitalia with posterior apophyses 9 . 0 - 12 . 9 mm long , corpus bursae with signa 0 . 5 - 1 . 0 mm in diameter .
this very large non - pollinating species , approached in size only by superficiella and elatella , is readily distinguished by the reduced tentacles in the female . internally quite variable , and more than one good species may be covered under this name . genitalia are highly characteristic for identification ; a diagnostic key is provided .
the species is known from the fleshy - fruited yucca baccata , y . treculeana ( y . torreyi ) , y . schidigera and the capsular - fruitedy . glauca , y . baileyi , including var . intermedia , y . elata ( y . verdiensis ) . ( pellmyr 1999 ) . females oviposit into full - size fruit , laying eggs directly into developed seed . the larva feeds on developing seeds . pupation occurs in a cocoon in the soil .
documented from southwestern california , arizona , new mexico , northern coahuila , western and southernmost texas , colorado , and the westernmost plains of nebraska , wyoming , and montana .
typical habitat includes grasslands , shrub desert , rocky hillsides , open pine forest , and shrubby grassland . altitudinal range 0 - 2300 m
shrubby deserts in brewster co . , texas and dona ana co . , new mexico reflect the wide diversity of habitats where the species is found .
this media file is licensed under the creative commons attribution - noncommercial license - version 3 . 0 .
. note that images and other media featured on this page are each governed by their own license , and they may or may not be available for reuse . click on an image or a media link to access the media data window , which provides the relevant licensing information . for the general terms and conditions of tol material reuse and redistribution , please see the
each tol leaf page provides a synopsis of the characteristics of a group of organisms representing a leaf at the tip of the tree of life . the major distinction between a leaf and a branch of the tree of life is that a leaf cannot generally be further subdivided into subgroups representing distinct genetic lineages .
for a more detailed explanation of the different tol page types , have a look at the structure of the tree of life page .
tree of life design and icons copyright © 1995 - 2004 tree of life project . all rights reserved .
photographs are the copyrighted property of each photographer listed . contact individual photographers for permission to use for any purpose .
holotype : pellmyr , o . 1999 . systematic entomology . 24 ( 3 ) : 259 .
is 22 . 5–35 mm ( 0 . 89–1 . 38 in ) . the forewings are white or sometimes tan coloured . the hindwings are usually uniformly dark brown .
the larvae feed on yucca baccata , yucca treculeana , yucca torreyi , yucca schidigera , yucca glauca , yucca baileyi , yucca elata and yucca verdiensis . they feed on developing seeds . pupation takes place in a cocoon in the soil .
eol content is automatically assembled from many different content providers . as a result , from time to time you may find pages on eol that are confusing .
to request an improvement , please leave a comment on the page . thank you !
note : the language you choose must correspond to the language of the term you have entered . for example , if you enter a french term , choose an option under “french . ”
access a collection of canadian resources on all aspects of english and french , including quizzes .
a collection of writing tools that cover the many facets of english and french grammar , style and usage .
html public
- / / w3c / / dtd xhtml 1 . 0 strict / / en
urltoken
due to latency between updates made in state , provincial or other natureserve network databases and when they appear on natureserve explorer , for state or provincial information you may wish to contact the data steward in your jurisdiction to obtain the most current data . please refer to
only two populations of the non - pollinating yucca moth are known from an extremely small and restricted area . one site has a small and fluctuating moth population , while only a single adult was observed from 1998 - 2011 at the other site . this moth species is an obligate seed parasite , the larvae feeding on soapweed seeds . it relies on the mutualistic relationship between the soapweed and its pollinator yucca moth , as fruit production is needed by larvae of the non - pollinating yucca moth . the loss of flowers or seeds as a result of ungulate herbivory is an ongoing threat , while in the long term soapweed populations may be limited by the lack of fire and other disturbances that provide sites for the establishment of seedlings . designated endangered in april 2006 . status re - examined and confirmed in may 2013 .
distribution data for u . s . states and canadian provinces is known to be incomplete or has not been reviewed for this taxon .
use the generic guidelines for the application of occurrence ranks ( 2008 ) . the key for ranking species occurrences using the generic approach provides a step - wise process for implementing this method .
zoological data developed by natureserve and its network of natural heritage programs ( see local programs ) and other contributors and cooperators ( see sources ) .
the small print : trademark , copyright , citation guidelines , restrictions on use , and information disclaimer .
note : all species and ecological community data presented in natureserve explorer at urltoken were updated to be current with natureserve ' s central databases as of november 2016 . note : this report was printed on
trademark notice :
natureserve
, natureserve explorer , the natureserve logo , and all other names of natureserve programs referenced herein are trademarks of natureserve . any other product or company names mentioned herein are the trademarks of their respective owners .
copyright notice : copyright © 2017 natureserve , 4600 n . fairfax dr . , 7th floor , arlington virginia 22203 , u . s . a . all rights reserved . each document delivered from this server or web site may contain other proprietary notices and copyright information relating to that document . the following citation should be used in any published materials which reference the web site .
natureserve . 2017 . natureserve explorer : an online encyclopedia of life [ web application ] . version 7 . 1 . natureserve , arlington , virginia . available http : / / explorer . natureserve . org . ( accessed :
ridgely , r . s . , t . f . allnutt , t . brooks , d . k . mcnicol , d . w . mehlman , b . e . young , and j . r . zook . 2003 . digital distribution maps of the birds of the western hemisphere , version 1 . 0 . natureserve , arlington , virginia , usa .
data provided by natureserve in collaboration with robert ridgely , james zook , the nature conservancy - migratory bird program , conservation international - cabs , world wildlife fund - us , and environment canada - wildspace .
patterson , b . d . , g . ceballos , w . sechrest , m . f . tognelli , t . brooks , l . luna , p . ortega , i . salazar , and b . e . young . 2003 . digital distribution maps of the mammals of the western hemisphere , version 1 . 0 . natureserve , arlington , virginia , usa .
data provided by natureserve in collaboration with bruce patterson , wes sechrest , marcelo tognelli , gerardo ceballos , the nature conservancy - migratory bird program , conservation international - cabs , world wildlife fund - us , and environment canada - wildspace .
iucn , conservation international , and natureserve . 2004 . global amphibian assessment . iucn , conservation international , and natureserve , washington , dc and arlington , virginia , usa .
data developed as part of the global amphibian assessment and provided by iucn - world conservation union , conservation international and natureserve .
no graphics available from this server can be used , copied or distributed separate from the accompanying text . any rights not expressly granted herein are reserved by natureserve . nothing contained herein shall be construed as conferring by implication , estoppel , or otherwise any license or right under any trademark of natureserve . no trademark owned by natureserve may be used in advertising or promotion pertaining to the distribution of documents delivered from this server without specific advance permission from natureserve . except as expressly provided above , nothing contained herein shall be construed as conferring any license or right under any natureserve copyright .
all documents and related graphics provided by this server and any other documents which are referenced by or linked to this server are provided
as is
without warranty as to the currentness , completeness , or accuracy of any specific data . natureserve hereby disclaims all warranties and conditions with regard to any documents provided by this server or any other documents which are referenced by or linked to this server , including but not limited to all implied warranties and conditions of merchantibility , fitness for a particular purpose , and non - infringement . natureserve makes no representations about the suitability of the information delivered from this server or any other documents that are referenced to or linked to this server . in no event shall natureserve be liable for any special , indirect , incidental , consequential damages , or for damages of any kind arising out of or in connection with the use or performance of information contained in any documents provided by this server or in any other documents which are referenced by or linked to this server , under any theory of liability used . natureserve may update or make changes to the documents provided by this server at any time without notice ; however , natureserve makes no commitment to update the information contained herein . since the data in the central databases are continually being updated , it is advisable to refresh data retrieved at least once a year after its receipt . the data provided is for planning , assessment , and informational purposes . site specific projects or activities should be reviewed for potential environmental impacts with appropriate regulatory agencies . if ground - disturbing activities are proposed on a site , the appropriate state natural heritage program ( s ) or conservation data center can be contacted for a site - specific review of the project area ( see visit local programs ) .
) . your comments will be very valuable in improving the overall quality of our databases for the benefit of all users .
archived information is provided for reference , research or recordkeeping purposes . it is not subject to the government of canada web standards and has not been altered or updated since it was archived . please contact the authoring department to request a format other than those available .
view cw69 - 14 - 489 - 2006e . pdf ( pdf , 542 kb ) . this document has been archived on the web .
html public
- / / w3c / / dtd xhtml 1 . 0 transitional / / en
urltoken