bryaninops yongei , the wire-coral goby or whip coral goby , is a benthic species of goby widely distributed from the tropical and subtropical waters of the indian ocean ( including the red sea ) to the islands in the center of the pacific ocean .

bryaninops yongei

what type of species is bryaninops yongei ? below , you will find the taxonomic groups the bryaninops yongei species belongs to .
which photographers have photos of bryaninops yongei species ? below , you will find the list of underwater photographers and their photos of the marine species bryaninops yongei .
how to identify bryaninops yongei marine species ? below , you will find the list of main identification criteria and physical characteristics of marine species bryaninops yongei . for each identification criteria , the corresponding physical characteristics of marine species bryaninops yongei are marked in green .
habitat use , social organization and reproductive biology of the seawhip goby , bryaninops yongei .
where is bryaninops yongei found in the world ? below , you will find the list and a world map of the geographic distribution where the marine species bryaninops yongei can be found .
a seawhip goby , bryaninops yongei , at tulamben , bali , indonesia . source : ian v . shaw / reef life survey . license : cc by attribution
usa , goby ( bryaninops yongei ) at night on feeding wire coral ( cirrhipathes anguina ) in pacific ocean ; hawaii was reproduced on premium heavy stock paper which captures all of the vivid colors and details of the original .
okiyama , m . & y . tsukamoto . 1989 . sea whip goby , bryaninops yongei , collected from outer shelf off miyakojima , east china sea . jap . j . ichthyol . 36 ( 3 ) : 369 - 370 .
bryaninops yongei is found in scattered localities in the indo - pacific . it is exclusively associated with the whip coral cirrhipathes anguina , therefore any threats that may impact the host could impact bryaninops yongei . however , at this time , the extent of any threats to c . anguina is unknown . no other major threats are known and the species also occurs in marine protected areas in parts of its range . the species is listed as least concern . however , this species should be re - assessed as and when information becomes available on the conservation status of its host whip coral .
the bryaninops gobies are found as commensals on different coral groups as well as sponges , sea squirts , sea stars and even on halimeda algae .
munday , p . l . , pierce , s . j . , jones , g . p . & larson , h . k . 2002 . habitat use , social organization and reproductive biology of the seawhip goby , bryaninops yongei . marine and freshwater research 53 ( 4 ) : 769 - 775 .
pl * munday , sj pierce , gp jones , and hk larson , habitat use , social organization and reproductive biology of the seawhip goby , bryaninops yongei : marine and freshwater research [ mar . freshwat . res . ] . vol . 53 , no . 4 , pp . 757 - 768 . 2002 .
cottogobius yongei davis & cohen , 1968 , bull . mar . sci . 18 ( 4 ) : 752 , figs 1 , 4 - 6 . type locality : borneo .
usa , goby ( bryaninops yongei ) at night on feeding wire coral ( cirrhipathes anguina ) in pacific ocean ; hawaii was reproduced on premium heavy stock paper which captures all of the vivid colors and details of the original . the overall paper size is 17 . 00 x 12 . 00 inches and the image size is 17 . 00 x 12 . 00 inches . this print is ready for hanging or framing . brand new and rolled and ready for display or framing . print title : usa , goby ( bryaninops yongei ) at night on feeding wire coral ( cirrhipathes anguina ) in pacific ocean ; hawaii . paper size : 17 . 00 x 12 . 00 inches . product type : photo print , artist : dave fleetham / design pics .
hawaii , goby ( bryaninops yongei ) on wire coral ( cirrhipathes anguina ) blue background poster print ( 19 x 12 ) was reproduced on premium heavy stock paper which captures the vivid colors and details of the original and is ready for framing . the overall paper size is 19 . 00 x 12 . 00 inches and the image size is 19 . 00 x 12 . 00 inches .
( of cottogobius yongei davis & cohen , 1969 ) froese , r . & d . pauly ( editors ) . ( 2018 ) . fishbase . world wide web electronic publication . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of tenacigobius yongei ( davis & cohen , 1969 ) ) froese , r . & d . pauly ( editors ) . ( 2018 ) . fishbase . world wide web electronic publication . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of bryaninops youngei ( davis & cohen , 1969 ) ) froese , r . & d . pauly ( editors ) . ( 2018 ) . fishbase . world wide web electronic publication . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
transparent with 6 - 7 red triangular - shaped markings , usually extending above the spine . very similar to other bryaninops species , and best identified by the host it lives on ; it is found only on the seawhip cirripathes anguina , along current swept drop - offs .
larson , h . k . 1985 . a revision of the gobiid genus bryaninops ( pisces ) , with a description of six new species . the beagle . occasional papers of the northern territory museum of arts and sciences 2 ( 1 ) : 57 - 93 figs 1 - 17
it is , however , not really clear that the hosts are unaffected by the interaction . at least one of the species , the common and wide spread wire coral goby bryaninops yongei , lays their eggs on a patch of the wire coral where the gobies have cleared the coral from living polyps . thus , at least in this case , it is unlikely that the coral is not negatively affected , and the relationship then should rather be classified as a parasitic interaction . on the other hand the goby might protect the coral from coralivores , thus mitigating the cost of the lost polyps somewhat .
whip coral gobies are named after the habitat they are found on , the whip coral cirrhipathes . as far as scientific names are concerned , i cannot find much information on how their names are created . the second part , yongei , is a shortening of youngei and is named after either it’s discoverer or the boat’s captain , as other goby species have been . the first bryaninops comes from greek , meaning ‘resembling bryaninius’ . this may come from an old genus name that now no longer exists but i cannot find anything about it , maybe again it’s named after a discoverer . or maybe the goby just reminded the guys naming it of someone , i’ll update this if i ever find out !
few other divers seem to find them very interesting , so i mostly get to have the wire corals and the gobies more or less for myself . this time in lembeh , paulus , my excellent guide , knowing about my interest in parasites , in the beginning of my stay showed me a couple of bryaninops with the characteristic copepod parasites that many of these gobies carry , with the gobies living on other animals that i did not normally associate the gobies with .
for some reason certain animals are on the “cool” list that everyone wants to see and photograph and others are placed on the “not so cool” list and get ignored by most divers and photographers . scarcity and cuteness seems to be two important factors determining the popularity of an animal . despite not really ticking either the scarce or the cute box , due to their interesting life style the gobies of the genus bryaninops have a long time been on my favourite list , and i more or less never pass a wire coral without checking it out for a goby or two .
most animals , like humans , have separate sexes — they are born , live out their lives and reproduce as one sex or the other . however , some animals live as one sex in part of their lifetime and then switch to the other sex , a phenomenon called sequential hermaphroditism . what remains a puzzle , according to yale scientists , is why the phenomenon is so rare , since their analysis shows the biological “costs” of changing sexes rarely outweigh the advantages .
a report by yale scientists in the march issue of the american naturalist says that while this process is evolutionarily favored , its rarity cannot be explained by an analysis of the biological costs vs benefits .
sequential hermaphroditism naturally occurs in various organisms from plants to fishes . following four decades of research that established why sex change is advantageous , the question remained why it is rare among animals . in this study , yale graduate student erem kazancioglu and his advisor suzanne alonzo , assistant professor of ecology and evolutionary biology , demonstrate that sex change is surprisingly robust against costs .
while the adaptive advantage of sex change is well understood , it is not clear why relatively few animals change sex . according to alonzo , “an intuitive , yet rarely studied , explanation is that the considerable time or energy it takes to change sex make hermaphroditism unfeasible for most animals . ”
to test whether the biological costs of changing sex affect sex change actually occurs , the researchers built theoretical models of the hermaphrodite and separate - sex life histories . in their “game” models , sex change “players” vary the age of their sex change , while the separate - sex strategy responds by altering the number of male and female offspring it produces .
“we were surprised to see that a hermaphrodite could spend 30 percent of its lifetime in the process of change sex , and still persist in a population , ” said kazancioglu . “this suggests that only huge costs can disfavor sex change . ”
so , why is sex change so rare ? and , why does one species of fish reproduce strictly as separate sexes , while another very closely related species flexibly changes sex ? a comparative study of hermaphroditic and separate - sex mating systems , which the authors are currently performing , may provide a clue , according to kazancioglu , “reproductive behaviors such as parental care seem to disfavor sex change in some species . we are investigating whether general patterns like these may explain the rarity of hermaphroditism . ”
janet rettig emanuel : janet . emanuel @ urltoken , 203 - 432 - 2157
goby fish on a coral reef in fiji ; green algae are moving in on the coral , but gobies rescue .
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corals under attack by toxic seaweed do what anyone might when threatened - - they call for help .
results reported this week in the journal science show that threatened corals send signals to fish
bodyguards
that quickly respond to trim back noxious algae , which can kill the coral if not promptly removed .
scientists at the georgia institute of technology found evidence that these
mutualistic
fish respond to chemical signals from the coral in a matter of minutes , like a 911 emergency call .
the inch - long fish - - known as gobies - - spend their entire lives in the crevices of specific corals , receiving protection from their own predators while removing threats to the corals .
these findings illustrate the complexity of coral reef systems ,
said david garrison , program director in the national science foundation ' s division of ocean sciences , which funded the research .
this newly discovered relationship may be a key factor in the resilience of some coral species .
the symbiotic relationship between fish and the coral on which they live is the first known example of one species chemically signaling a consumer species to remove competitors .
it is similar to the symbiotic relationship between acacia trees and mutualist ants , in which the ants receive food and shelter while protecting the trees from both competitors and consumers .
this species of coral is recruiting inch - long bodyguards ,
said mark hay , a biologist at georgia tech and co - author of the paper .
there is a careful and nuanced dance of odors that makes all this happen .
the fish have evolved to cue on the odor released into the water by the coral , and they very quickly take care of the problem .
the research was part of a long - term study of chemical signaling on fiji island coral reefs . it was aimed at understanding these threatened ecosystems and discovering chemicals that may be useful as pharmaceuticals .
the importance of large herbivorous fish to maintaining the health of coral reefs has been known for some time . they control the growth of seaweeds that damage coral .
but georgia tech scientist danielle dixson , also a co - author of the paper , suspected that the role of the gobies might be more complicated .
to study that relationship , she and hay set up a series of experiments to observe how the fish would respond when the coral that shelters them was threatened .
they studied acropora nasuta , a species in a genus of coral important to reef ecosystems because it grows rapidly and provides much of the structure for reefs .
to threaten the coral , they moved filaments of chlorodesmis fastigiata , a species of seaweed that is particularly chemically toxic to corals , into contact with the coral .
within a few minutes of the seaweed touching the coral , two species of gobies - - gobidon histrio and paragobidon enchinocephalus - - moved toward the site of contact and began neatly trimming away the offending seaweed .
these little fish would come out and mow the seaweed off so it didn ' t touch the coral ,
said hay .
this takes place very rapidly , which means it must be very important to both the coral and the fish . the coral releases a chemical and the fish respond right away .
in corals occupied by the gobies , the amount of offending seaweed declined 30 percent over a three - day period , and the amount of damage to the coral declined by 70 to 80 percent .
control corals that had no gobies living with them had no change in the amount of toxic seaweed and were badly damaged by it .
to determine what was attracting the fish , dixson and hay collected samples of water from several locations : near the seaweed itself where the seaweed was contacting coral and from coral that had been in contact with the seaweed 20 minutes after the seaweed was removed .
they released the samples near other corals that hosted gobies , which were attracted to the samples taken from the seaweed - coral contact area and the damaged coral , but not the seaweed by itself .
we demonstrated that the coral is emitting some signal or cue that attracts the fish to remove the encroaching seaweed ,
hay said .
the fish are not responding to the seaweed itself .
similar waters collected from a different species of coral placed in contact with the seaweed did not attract the fish , suggesting they were only interested in removing seaweed from their host coral .
finally , the researchers obtained the chemical extract of the toxic seaweed and placed it onto nylon filaments designed to simulate the mechanical effects of seaweed .
when placed in contact with the coral , the fish were attracted to areas in which the chemical - containing mimic contacted the coral , but not to the area contacting the mimic without the chemical .
by studying the contents of the fish digestive systems , the researchers learned that one species - - gobion histrio - - actually eats the noxious seaweed , while the other fish apparently bites it off without eating it .
in the former , consuming the toxic seaweed makes the fish less attractive to predators .
the two species of fish also eat mucus from the coral , as well as algae from the coral base and zooplankton from the water column . by defending the corals , the gobies are defending the home in which they shelter and feed .
the fish are getting protection in a safe place to live and food from the coral ,
hay said .
the coral gets a bodyguard in exchange for a small amount of food .
it ' s kind of like paying taxes in exchange for police protection .
as a next step , hay and dixson plan to determine whether other species of corals and fish have similar symbiotic relationships .
the research was also supported by the national institutes of health and the teasley endowment at georgia tech .
scientists report on a relationship among coral reefs , tropical fish , and seaweeds . credit and larger version
scene of the crime : fiji and its coral reefs in a vast ocean . credit and larger version
a goby on - the - job : it ' s feeding on algae that would otherwise cover the coral . credit and larger version
close - up of acropora coral : it
calls 911
when it chemically senses certain algae . credit and larger version
the research results are described in the nov . 9 , 2012 issue of the journal science . credit and larger version
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froese , r . & d . pauly ( editors ) . ( 2018 ) . fishbase . world wide web electronic publication . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
liu j . y . [ ruiyu ] ( ed . ) . ( 2008 ) . checklist of marine biota of china seas . china science press . 1267 pp . ( look up in imis ) [ details ] available for editors [ request ]
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this indo - pacific species is recorded from off egypt in the red sea , thailand , through the east indian region , north to japan ( the ryukyu islands ) , micronesia ( palau , fsm , the hawaiian islands ) , east to melanesia and french polynesia ( rapa ) , southward to the northern great barrier reef . it is recorded from depths of 3 - 45 m ( myers 1991 , allen and erdmann 2012 ) .
australia ; china ; disputed territory ( spratly is . ) ; egypt ; fiji ; french polynesia ; guam ; indonesia ; israel ; japan ; jordan ; malaysia ; marshall islands ; micronesia , federated states of ; myanmar ; new caledonia ; northern mariana islands ; palau ; papua new guinea ; philippines ; saudi arabia ; seychelles ; solomon islands ; taiwan , province of china ; thailand ; timor - leste ; tonga ; united states ( hawaiian is . ) ; vanuatu
this reef - associated species lives exclusively on the whip coral cirrhipathes anguina found along current - swept drop - offs or backreefs ( kuiter and tonozuka 2001 ) . it occurs in pairs or small groups ( up to four individuals ) occasionally with a juvenile or a smaller female ( kuiter and tonozuka 2001 ) , and is a benthic spawner , clearing tissue from the whip coral so as to lay eggs directly on it ( h . larson pers . comm . 2015 ) . the species is capable of changing sex from male to female or female to male . its maximum recorded length is 3 . 5 cm sl ( kuiter and tonozuka 2001 ) .
the species may be found in the aquarium trade , however , the extent of this is not known . no other major threats are known .
no species - specific conservation measures are in place . the species ' range overlaps with several marine protected areas - for example the great barrier reef marine park in australia ( iucn and unep 2014 ) .
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a small brownish semi - transparent goby with several darker bars across the back . the seawhip goby is only found on the seawhip , cirripathes anguina , often in current - swept areas . video of seawhip gobies spawning at sebumakutan island , cebu , philippines
widespread in the tropical indo - west - central pacific . a single juvenile or immature individual usually occupies small seawhips , whereas a pair is most always found on seawhips over 20 m in length .
meristic features : dorsal fin vi + i , 7 - 10 ; anal fin i , 7 - 9 ; pectoral fin 13 - 17 ( lower 3 - 6 rays unbranched and thickened ) ; longitudinal scale rows 26 - 58 . pelvic fins cup - like with a thickened , folded and lobed frenum ; gill openings reaching to below pectoral - fin base .
allen , g . r . & m . adrim . 2003 . coral reef fishes of indonesia . zool . stud . 42 ( 1 ) : 1 - 72 .
allen , g . r . & m . v . erdmann . 2012 . reef fishes of the east indies . perth , australia : universitiy of hawai ' i press , volumes i - iii . tropical reef research .
coleman , n . 1974 . australian marine fishes in colour . sydney : a . h . & a . w . reid 108 pp .
davis , w . p . & cohen , d . m . 1968 . a gobiid fish and a palaemonid shrimp living on an antipatharian sea whip in the tropical pacific . bulletin of marine science 18 ( 4 ) : 749 - 761 figs 1 - 6
fishelson , l . 1989 . bisexuality and pedogenesis in gobies ( gobiidae : teleostei ) and other fish , or , why so many little fish in tropical seas ? senckenbergiana marit . 147 - 169 .
kuiter , r . h . 1992 . tropical reef - fishes of the western pacific , indonesia and adjacent waters . jakarta : pt gramedia pustaka utama 314 pp . pls .
kuiter , r . h . 1996 . guide to sea fishes of australia . a comprehensive reference for divers and fishermen . sydney , nsw , australia : new holland publishers xvii , 434 pp .
kuiter , r . h . & t . tonozuka . 2001 . pictorial guide to indonesian reef fishes . part 3 . jawfishes - sunfishes , opistognathidae - molidae . zoonetics , australia . pp . 623 - 893 .
myers , r . f . 1999 . micronesian reef fishes . a comprehensive guide to the coral reef fishes of micronesia . guam : coral graphics vi 330 pp . 192 pls .
randall , j . e . , allen , g . r . & steene , r . 1990 . fishes of the great barrier reef and coral sea . bathurst : crawford house press 507 pp . figs .
randall , j . e . , allen , g . r . & steene , r . 1997 . fishes of the great barrier reef and coral sea . bathurst : crawford house press 557 pp . figs .
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yearsley , g . k . , last , p . r . & morris , g . b . 1997 ,
codes for australian aquatic biota ( caab ) : an upgraded and expanded species coding system for australian fisheries databases
, pp . 15 pp . + appendices
larson , h . k . & hoese , d . f . 1980 ,
fische des indischen ozeans . ergebnisse der ichthyologischen untersuchungen während der expedition des forschungsschiffes meteor in den indischen ozean , oktober 1964 bis mai 1965 . a systematischer teil , xxiii gobiidae
, meteor forschungsergebnisse , ser . d , vol . 32 , pp . 33 - 43 figs 528 - 538
davis , w . p . & cohen , d . m . 1968 ,
a gobiid fish and a palaemonid shrimp living on an antipatharian sea whip in the tropical pacific
, bulletin of marine science , vol . 18 , no . 4 , pp . 749 - 761 figs 1 - 6
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : cb00a0f6 - d107 - 477c - 8c9b - f55870f771ab
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : 8a6f3acd - b19c - 45db - b6bc - 4a40489f4c09
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . name : 322753
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lives exclusively on cirripathes anguina found along current - swept drop - offs or backreefs ( ref . 48637 ) . benthic ( ref . 58302 ) . occurs in pairs , occasionally with juvenile or a smaller female , ref . 48637 . also found on seaward and lagoon reefs in 3 - 45 m ( ref 90102 ) . feeds on zooplanktons ( ref . 89972 ) .
yan wong changed the thumbnail image of
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pontonides unciger calman , 1939
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disclaimer : itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available , and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties . however , it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes . while every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and up - to - date information available , ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in provisions of treaties to which the united states is a party , wildlife statutes , regulations , and any applicable notices that have been published in the federal register . for further information on u . s . legal requirements with respect to protected taxa , please contact the u . s . fish and wildlife service .
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to cite this page : myers , p . , r . espinosa , c . s . parr , t . jones , g . s . hammond , and t . a . dewey . 2018 . the animal diversity web ( online ) . accessed at https : / / animaldiversity . org .
disclaimer : the animal diversity web is an educational resource written largely by and for college students . adw doesn ' t cover all species in the world , nor does it include all the latest scientific information about organisms we describe . though we edit our accounts for accuracy , we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts . while adw staff and contributors provide references to books and websites that we believe are reputable , we cannot necessarily endorse the contents of references beyond our control .
this material is based upon work supported by the national science foundation grants drl 0089283 , drl 0628151 , due 0633095 , drl 0918590 , and due 1122742 . additional support has come from the marisla foundation , um college of literature , science , and the arts , museum of zoology , and information and technology services .
when the fish can find its natural food in the aquarium it requires less frequent feeding .
this fish is found exclusively on cirrhipathes anguina corals . it may hide if such a coral is not present in the aquarium .
these fish are very small and typically live on various whip corals and soft corals .
gobies ( gobiidae ) are generally small fish , which live close to the bottom . many of the species are fairly hardy and well suited to aquaria . the behaviour of the different kinds of gobies varies greatly and some can be very interesting .
sand eating gobies ( amblygobius , koumansetta and valenciennea ) sand eaters filter the sand through their mouths and out of their gills .
they are generally bigger than other gobies , but they are usually peaceful , so size is not a problem . . they can however be aggressive towards their own species .
one must be aware that they can eradicate the micro life in the substrate when the tank is too small . if there is not enough live food in the sand , it can be difficult to ensure the fish stay in good condition , as they require frequent feeding .
shrimp gobies ( amblyeleotris , cryptocentrus and stonogbiops ) shrimp gobies have a symbiotic relationship with pistol shrimps , but one must first find out which species can live together .
the shrimp and goby live together in a small hole in the sand or under a stone where the shrimp maintains the hole , so it will not collapse over time . the goby helps by looking out for enemies , since the shrimp does not see well in sunlight , as it will have become accustomed its vision to the darkness of the hole .
neon gobies ( elacatinus / gobiosoma ) thesef gobies are very small and like the cleaner wrasse , it eats parasites off other fish .
these gobies are easier to keep alive in the aquarium than cleaner wrasses , as they can eat a wide range of foods .
clown gobies ( gobiodon ) these fish are very small and therefore suitable for small aquariums . clown gobies will often hide inbetween the branches of stony corals , like acropora for example .
they generally eat many types of food , as long as it is small enough .
indo - pacific : red sea to the hawaiian and rapa islands , north to the ryukyu islands , south to the northern great barrier reef . also known from outer shelf off miyakojima , east china sea .
scott w . michael . reef aquarium fishes : 500 + essential - to - know species - tfh publications / microcosm ltd . - ( english )
james w . fatherree . 2011 . aquarium fish : a look at the gobies - advanced aquarist - ( english ) bob fenner .
true
or combtooth gobies , the family gobiidae - wet web media - ( english )
froese , r . and d . pauly . editors . 2014 . fishbase . world wide web electronic publication . urltoken , version ( 08 / 2014 ) .
minimum volume
indicates the size of the tank needed to house this species under optimal conditions .
this is based on a medium size animal , which you want to keep for several years . it might be possible to keep smaller specimens for a limited period in a smaller tank . a larger tank might be needed for fully - grown specimens .
hardiness
indicates how resistant this species is to disease and how well i tolerates bad conditions in general . some species doesn ' t handle transportation very well , but that doesn ' t mean that the species isn ' t hardy under the right conditions .
in this case , a
normal
aquarium is a reef aquarium with mixed corals or a fish only aquarium with an approximately salinity of 1 . 026 ( sg ) and a temperature close to 26°c . species requiring more than a 4000 - liter tank are considered not suitable for home aquarium .
special aquariums may cover tanks with low salinity , sub - tropical temperature , deep sand bed , sea grass etc .
always reef safe : no sources indicate that this species will harm corals or other invertebrates .
often reef safe : only a few aquarists has reported problems keeping this species with corals and other invertebrates .
reef safe with caution : this species may be a threat to some types of invertebrates .
reef safe with luck : most specimens will harm corals and / or other invertebrates , but you might be lucky .
not reef safe : this species is a threat to most corals and / or other invertebrates .
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dorsal spines : 7 ; dorsal soft rays : 7 to 9 ; anal spines : 1 ; anal soft rays : 7 to 10 .
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marine and freshwater research [ mar . freshwat . res . ] . vol . 53 , no . 4 , pp . 757 - 768 . 2002 .
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occurrence describes how often the species is found on surveys within its distribution . it is calculated as the % of reef sites surveyed by rls divers across all the ecoregions in which the species has been observed
abundance is calculated as the average number of individuals recorded per rls transect , where present .
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whip coral gobies , also known as wire coral gobies and sea whip gobies , are members of the enormous gobiidae family , home to over 2000 different species of gobies found in almost every niche in the ocean . you will have almost definitely seen a goby whilst on a dive , so let’s chat about one of my favourites !
whip coral gobies are found in most tropical and subtropical waters from the red sea to the pacific ocean . as they are found on the whip coral , they are found wherever those corals can be seen . the coral needs some sunlight and therefore can be found between 5m and 45m , usually on walls or areas stood proud of the reef .
one of the reasons why whip coral gobies are great photography subjects is their fantastic colours and body markings . the main body of the fish itself is semi - transparent , allowing you to see the organs inside the fish or any parasite that might be living under its skin ! the markings on the fish itself then take on patterns and colours based on the whip coral it is living on , usually showing as large blotches of bright reds , pale oranges and yellows or deep lilacs and purples . this helps them to hide amongst the tentacles of the corals . some whip coral gobies can also be seen with white scales along their vertebrae but it is unknown if this is displayed in all individuals or if it is another camouflage .
the head of the goby is a little different from the body as these tend to be much more brightly coloured . ranging from reds to violets , similar to the body patterns , one thing that really stands out on these fish , like on many gobies , is their eyes . gobies possess very large eyes compared to their body size , a sign of an active predator , which can be vivid pinks and bright violets to deep reds and almost luminous oranges and yellows . it is not clear why the eyes are such a bright colour but one theory is that by being bright and colourful they might appear like a poisonous nudibranch , thereby stopping predation on their most obvious parts .
whip coral gobies are benthic spawners , which means they lay their eggs externally and the males then fertilise them . there is then some parental care as the parents waft the eggs , removing dead ones and cleaning algae , similar to the clownfish we talked about earlier . once the young have hatched , however , they are on their own !
like many other fish we have mentioned in this series , coral whip gobies are able to change their sex based on a need for a particular gender . it is unknown how often they can change but it appears they can change from either sex to the other . they are often found in pairs on a whip coral but it is unknown if this is because they breed for life or if this is just for convenience .
spending most of their lives on the whip coral , life for these gobies is a game of holding on ! to help with this , whip coral gobies possess a modified set of pelvic fins , formed into a sort of suction cup , allowing them to grip down tight to the coral in strong currents . whilst hunkered down they eat small invertebrates and planktonic organisms as they are carried past . the relationship with the whip coral is a symbiotic one , as the goby uses the coral for protection and in turn , keeps the coral clean of any incrusting algae or other things that might threaten the coral . however , this doesn’t stop them from being a pest by removing polyps from the skeleton of the coral and laying their eggs in the gaps left behind .
another adaptation the whip coral goby possesses is a set of gills slightly lower on their heads , almost under the head by the pectoral fins . this allows them to breathe but reduces the amount of movement that can be seen from above by a potential predator .
a true cryptic fish , these gobies grow to around 3 . 5mm making them quite difficult to spot ! males are usually slightly larger than females but they appear very similar as the external sex organs look almost identical to the native eye . i cannot find any data about their likely lifespans but in general , gobies live between one and ten years so i would imagine they would be somewhere in this range .
whenever i am diving i always make sure to scan any whip corals that stretch out to see if there are any gobies on them . they are well camouflaged so what usually gives them away is their brightly coloured eyes . you need to approach slowly though , as if the goby gets spooked by you they will swim away incredibly quickly and hide somewhere else on the whip . a slow , careful approach is needed and take care to breathe slowly as a sudden release of bubbles will also spook the goby . take a bit of time to set up the perfect shot as the fish might not let you get a second one so easily !
one last thing to bear in mind hunting these critters is the depth . whilst they can be found in shallow depths , they can be found up to 45m down so make sure to keep an eye on your no - deco limits .
it’s also worth keeping your eyes open for other critters living on the whip corals as they are really weird and wonderful . various nudibranchs can be seen , along with a whole plethora of shrimps but the weirdest has to be the xenocrab . we might look at some of these other critters in a later post so stay tuned !
as with all things in diving , taking things slow and keeping your eyes open will provide you with all sorts of rewards . the whip coral goby is a great little macro critter that will have you smiling when you see them and swearing into your regulator when you move a bit too close and they vanish ! whilst they can be seen in lots of places , a great place to start is the
will take you to a whole heap of fantastic sites , most of which will be perfect for whip coral growth . keep your eyes peeled for the small stuff , it’s not all about whale sharks and manta rays ! we currently have plenty of fantastic offers on boats like the
, why not give us a call and see what we can do for you .
i’m a big fan of small critters , they’re more rewarding to spot than the big stuff as it’s more than being in the right place at the right time . i was converted to the love of the goby by a good friend and while i don’t quite possess his goby addiction , finding them always makes me smile . hopefully , you’ll be a convert to the way of the goby soon too !
if you like small and wired creatures , very few places in the world can beat this little section of north sulawesi , the lembeh strait . . . .
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marine ; reef - associated ; depth range 3 - 45 m ( ref . 1602 ) . tropical ; 22°c - 26°c ( ref . 27115 ) ; 30°n - 28°s
maturity : l m ? range ? - ? cm max length : 3 . 5 cm sl male / unsexed ; ( ref . 48637 )
dorsal spines ( total ) : 7 ; dorsal soft rays ( total ) : 7 - 10 ; anal spines : 1 ; anal soft rays : 7 - 10 . characterized by semi - transparent upper body and brownish on lower ; body with few evident dark bars ; 3 - 6 lowermost pectoral rays unbranched and thickened ; longitudinal scale series 26 - 58 ; cup - like pelvic fins with pocket - like thickened , folded and lobed frenum ; opening of gill reaching ventrally to below base of pectoral fin ( ref . 90102 ) .
lives exclusively on cirripathes anguina found along current - swept drop - offs or backreefs ( ref . 48637 ) . benthic ( ref . 58302 ) . occurs in pairs , occasionally with juvenile or a smaller female , ref . 48637 . also found on seaward and lagoon reefs in 3 - 45 m ( ref 90102 ) . feeds on zooplanktons ( ref . 89972 ) .
benthic spawner . bi - directional sex change may occur as suggested by a monogamous mating system and bisexual gonadal phase ( ref . 103751 ) .
myers , r . f . , 1991 . micronesian reef fishes . second ed . coral graphics , barrigada , guam . 298 p . ( ref . 1602 )
) : 24 . 8 - 29 . 1 , mean 27 . 7 ( based on 550 cells ) .
phylogenetic diversity index ( ref . 82805 ) : pd 50 = 0 . 5000 [ uniqueness , from 0 . 5 = low to 2 . 0 = high ] .
bayesian length - weight : a = 0 . 00617 ( 0 . 00279 - 0 . 01364 ) , b = 3 . 08 ( 2 . 89 - 3 . 27 ) , in cm total length , based on lwr estimates for this ( sub ) family - body shape ( ref . 93245 ) .
trophic level ( ref . 69278 ) : 3 . 2 ±0 . 3 se ; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
resilience ( ref . 69278 ) : high , minimum population doubling time less than 15 months ( preliminary k or fecundity . ) .
vulnerability ( ref . 59153 ) : low vulnerability ( 10 of 100 ) .
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myrmecia picta is an australian ant which belongs to the myrmecia genus .

it is native to australia .

myrmecia picta is distributed throughout all of australia .

the length of myrmecia picta is around 13.5-14.5 millimetres long .

most of the body is in a black colour , mandibles are yellow ; antennae and anterior legs are a reddish yellow .

colour of nodes range in colour , being brown or a reddish colour .

myrmecia picta

the above specimen data are provided by antweb . please see myrmecia picta for further details
heterick ( 2009 ) - myrmecia picta f . smith , the only member of the m . picta group in the swbp , has a characteristic bicoloured head capsule , yellow anteriorly and blackish posteriorly .
combination in myrmecia ( promyrmecia ) : clark , 1927 pdf : 39 ; in promyrmecia : clark , 1943 pdf : 100 ; in myrmecia : taylor & brown , 1985 : 14 .
die gattung myrmecia ist unterteilt in 9 artengruppen damit sich die vielen arten dieser gattung leichter klassifizieren lassen .
the genus myrmecia is sub - divided in 9 species groups for an easier classification of the many species .
ogata , k . 1991a . ants of the genus myrmecia fabricius : a review of the species groups and their phylogenetic relationships ( hymenoptera : formicidae : myrmeciinae ) . syst . entomol . 16 : 353 - 381 ( page 360 , see also )
within the swbp , this species is quite common in wandoo woodlands , on the eastern slopes of the darling range .
the following information is derived from barry bolton ' s new general catalogue , a catalogue of the world ' s ants .
: taylor & brown , d . r . 1985 : 14 . see also : crawley , 1926 : 382 ; clark , 1951 : 139 ; ogata , 1991a : 360 .
syntype , worker ( s ) , queen ( s ) , adelaide , south australia , australia , the natural history museum .
clark , j . 1927 . the ants of victoria . part iii . vic . nat . ( melb . ) 44 : 33 - 40 ( page 39 , male described , combination in m . ( promyrmecia ) )
clark , j . 1943 . a revision of the genus promyrmecia emery ( formicidae ) . mem . natl . mus . vic . 13 : 83 - 149 ( page 100 , combination in promyrmecia )
clark , j . 1951 . the formicidae of australia . 1 . subfamily myrmeciinae : 230 pp . csiro , melbourne . [ ( 31 . xii ) . 1951 . ] pdf
crawley , w . c . 1926 . a revision of some old types of formicidae . trans . entomol . soc . lond . 1925 : 373 - 393 ( page 382 , see also )
heterick , b . e . 2009 . a guide to the ants of south - western australia . records of the western australian museum , supplement 76 : 1 - 206 . pdf
smith , f . 1858a . catalogue of hymenopterous insects in the collection of the british museum . part vi . formicidae . london : british museum , 216 pp . ( page 146 , worker , queen described )
wheeler , g . c . ; wheeler , j . 1971d . ant larvae of the subfamily myrmeciinae ( hymenoptera : formicidae ) . pan - pac . entomol . 47 : 245 - 256 ( page 251 , larva described )
this page was last modified on 18 march 2017 , at 19 : 12 .
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urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : 2bbc7b6c - 61cc - 42e9 - a6a0 - 6c417c473dc6
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : 515d06f3 - af3a - 4577 - a512 - 7a132eed50e9
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : 75db6e28 - 80be - 4310 - aab7 - 8a4f0c214bdc
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : 85b8bb91 - cc61 - 48f1 - 8cf1 - 8f1f617217ca
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : 8a2b3e2b - 3ff5 - 4225 - 980f - aa139c0a3ee6
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : b0963d13 - b703 - 4a56 - 9961 - 080ff03336cf
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : c4555757 - bb78 - 436e - a0b9 - 8090e041be91
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : db97a149 - 99b6 - 46be - b25d - a2b3aa0496e6
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : 079f66ea - 87d8 - 4245 - 83d0 - 3a5932596089
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . name : 292568
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clark , 1927 pdf : 39 ( m . ) ; wheeler & wheeler , 1971d pdf : 251 ( l ) .
see also : crawley , 1926 pdf : 382 ; clark , 1951 pdf : 139 ; ogata , 1991a pdf : 360 .
forel , a . , 1900 , ponerinae et dorylinae d ' australie . récoltés par mm . turner , froggatt , nugent , chase , rothney , j . - j . walker , etc . , annales de la societe entomologique de belgique 44 , pp . 54 - 77 : 54 , ( download )
smith , f . , 1858 , catalogue of the hymenopterous insects in the collection of the british museum . part vi . formicidae . , london : british museum : 146 - 147 , ( download )
1 times found in mallee woodland , 1 times found in native veg . , rural environ . , 0 times found in red soil , box - pine - wattle , 0 times found in red soil , dry sclerophyll , 0 times found in sclerophyll woodland , 0 times found in spinifex - mallee , 0 times found in box - colllytris forest , 0 times found in woodland near lake , 0 times found in dry sclerophyll , 0 times found in ex paddock , . . .
1 times wandoo trunk , 1 times tree - trunk , 1 times soil , 0 times on tree , 0 times on mallee stemm , 8am , 0 times on box , 2pm , 0 times nothomyrmecia original site , 0 times nest in soil . below mallee gum , 0 times nest in sand , 1 times ground nest , 0 times foraging on eucalypt , . . .
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this sighting hasn ' t been described yet ! be the first to describe this sighting .
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to cite this page : myers , p . , r . espinosa , c . s . parr , t . jones , g . s . hammond , and t . a . dewey . 2018 . the animal diversity web ( online ) . accessed at https : / / animaldiversity . org .
disclaimer : the animal diversity web is an educational resource written largely by and for college students . adw doesn ' t cover all species in the world , nor does it include all the latest scientific information about organisms we describe . though we edit our accounts for accuracy , we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts . while adw staff and contributors provide references to books and websites that we believe are reputable , we cannot necessarily endorse the contents of references beyond our control .
this material is based upon work supported by the national science foundation grants drl 0089283 , drl 0628151 , due 0633095 , drl 0918590 , and due 1122742 . additional support has come from the marisla foundation , um college of literature , science , and the arts , museum of zoology , and information and technology services .
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format summary genbank genbank ( full ) fasta asn . 1 xml insdseq xml tinyseq xml feature table accession list gi list gff3
opens the highlight feature bar and highlights feature annotations from the features table of the record . the highlight feature bar can be used to navigate to and highlight other features and provides links to display the highlighted region separately . links in the features table will also highlight the corresponding region of the sequence . more . . .
finds sub - sequences or patterns in the sequence and highlights the matching regions . the tool works with standard single letter nucleotide or protein codes including ambiguities and can match prosite patterns in protein sequences . more . . .
finds sub - sequence or patterns in the sequence and highlights the matching region . the tool works with standard single letter nucleotide or protein codes including ambiguities and can match prosite patterns in protein sequences . more . . .
forel , a . , 1900 , ponerinae et dorylinae d ' australie . récoltés par mm . turner , froggatt , nugent , chase , rothney , j . - j . walker , etc . , annales de la societe entomologique de belgique 44 , pp . 54 - 77 : 54
[ [ worker ] ] . - perth , australie occid . ( chase ) . - l ' exemplaire [ [ worker ] ] n ' a que 5 , 8 mill . tandis que le metanotum est rouge , comme chez certains exemplaires du queensland , dont parle mayr , les pattes , les antennes et la plus grande partie des mandibules sont entierement d ' un bran sale . je crois que cette variete merite d ' etre fixee ( var .
no known copyright restrictions apply . see agosti , d . , egloff , w . , 2009 . taxonomic information exchange and copyright : the plazi approach . bmc research notes 2009 , 2 : 53 for further explanation .