sibirenauta is a genus of left-handed or sinistral , air-breathing freshwater snails , aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family physidae .

the scientific name sibirenauta is composed from the word siberia , where its species live and from the latin word nauta , that means " sailor " .

sibirenauta

subfamily : aplexinae - genus : sibirenauta y . i . starobogatov & e . a . streletzkaja , 1967 ( db : 8 sp , 6 img )
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - species : sibirenauta elongatus ( t . say , 1821 ) - id : 3660200000
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - species : sibirenauta tuvaensis y . i . starobogatov , 1992 - id : 5602000244
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - species : sibirenauta aenigma ( c . a . westerlund , 1876 ) - id : 3660250389
justification : sibirenauta aenigma has been assessed as data deficient due to the taxonomic uncertainty surrounding this species . further taxonomic research is therefore necessary before an accurate assessment of this species ' conservation status can be made .
the taxonomy of physiidae is in a state of flux and needs further clarification . the genus physa is especially complex , with many synonyms and subspecies . czaja et al . ( 2014 ) note that , due to the abundant fossil findings of this genus , there is a need to combine morphological data with the molecular phylogenetic studies ( e . g . dillon et al . 2002 , wethington and lydeard 2007 ) . taylor ( 1988 ) synonymized p . jennessi with p . sibirica , but subsequently ( taylor 2003 ) retracted that synonymy and listed it as sibirenauta [ = physa ] sibiricus and limited its distribution to the type locality in siberia . pending further taxonomic work , in this database we retain a taxonomic circumscription that includes north america . p . sibirica is sometimes confused with physa skinneri ( taylor , 1988 ) . physa sibirica follows original spelling . turgeon et al . ( 1998 ) list spells as physa siberica .
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according to taylor ( 2003 ) , the type specimen is not a member of the physidae , and thus the designation of this species following westerlund’s ( 1876 ) classification is problematic . a detailed taxonomic reconsideration of s . aenigma is strongly recommended before determining its conservation status ( m . vinarski pers . comm . 2010 ) .
this species is known from altai , southern and eastern siberia , northwards to yakutsk and the mouth of the podkamennaya tunguska river ( kantor et al . 2009 ) . only five localities of this species are known to date ( zin collection information ) . its range comprises eastern siberia , mongolia and trasnsbaicalia .
this species inhabits temporary waterbodies , including rivers and ponds ( kantor et al . 2009 ) .
there are no species - specific conservation measures in place for this species . further work is needed to resolve the taxonomic uncertainties surrounding this species before a reliable assessment can be made .
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. 2009 ) which is “distributed in subarctic and arctic areas of asia , from yenissei mouth to chukotka . ” there is also some question as to whether this is a form or subspecies of
dyer , e . , soulsby , a . - m . , whitton , f . , mcguinness , s . , de silva , r . , milligan , h . t . , kasthala , g . , thorley , j . , herdson , r . , mcmillan , k . & collins , a .
has been assessed as least concern due to its wide range in northwest canada and alaska and eastern russia . however , there is some uncertainty about north american specimens of this species and
which should be resolved . if these were synonymized , this species would become a member of
this species is known from chukotka eastward to st . lawrence bay , siberia ; it is found in northern alaska ( including st . matthew island ) , canada in the northern yukon , and on the arctic coast of the northwest territories to banks and victoria islands ( taylor 2003 , natureserve 2009 ) .
this species inhabits lakes , tundra ponds , and streams , and is sometimes found in brackish water . some pools were frozen for up to nine months of the year ( taylor 2003 ) . most recorded habitats were in shallow water ( less than one metre deep ) with submerged vegetation , and snails often associated with other species of molluscs such as
( taylor 2003 ) . it has one generation per year ( taylor 2003 ) .
there are no species - specific conservation measures in place for this species . further work to resolve taxonomic relationships between this and other species of
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marinskiy , vadim v . , 2017 , checklist of the freshwater snails ( mollusca : gastropoda ) of mongolia , zootaxa 4317 ( 1 ) , pp . 45 - 78 : 62
origins from a minor waterbody ( a temporary puddle ) situated in tuva republic close to the russian - mongolian border ( sitnikova et al . 2014b ) . two paratypes were collected by potanin from the eter gol river in northern mongolia ( one of these paratypes is illustrated by us , see fig . 6 c ) . we are unaware of other findings of
extra - limital distribution . several findings of this species from the upper yenisei basin ( southern siberia ) are known to the date ( sitnikova et al . 2014b ) .
no known copyright restrictions apply . see agosti , d . , egloff , w . , 2009 . taxonomic information exchange and copyright : the plazi approach . bmc research notes 2009 , 2 : 53 for further explanation .
turgeon , d . d . , j . f . quinn , jr . , a . e . bogan , e . v . coan , f . g . hochberg , w . g . lyons , p . m . mikkelsen , r . j . neves , c . f . e . roper , g . rosenberg , b . roth , a . scheltema , f . g . thompson , m . vecchione , and j . d . williams . 1998 . common and scientific names of aquatic invertebrates from the united states and canada : mollusks . 2nd edition . american fisheries society special publication 26 , bethesda , maryland : 526 pp .
this species is found on both sides of the bering strait ; clarification of its taxonomy and distribution is needed to determine the validity of the north american part of its range .
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as circumscribed in this database ( pending further taxonomic work ) , the species range includes both sides of the bering straits , in siberia and north america . the north american distribution includes alaska , the yukon , and the northwest territories ( taylor 1988 , johnson et al . 2013 ) . taylor ( 2003 ) limited the distribution to the type locality only , in the taimyr peninsula , russia . starobogatov et al . , ( 2004 ) cite the distribution as subarctic and arctic areas of asia , from yenissei mouth to chukotka .
due to taxonomic issues , the number of occurrences is difficult to determine precisely . taylor ( 1988 ) cited at least 15 locations from museum specimens : ussr ( taimyr national region , novosibirsk district , chutkotka ) , alaska ( port clarence and lava lake ) , yukon territories ( herschel island ) , and northwest territories ( near bernard harbour ) .
threats are unknown , although given the northern geographic distribution of this species , it is unlikely that any major threat is impacting its global population . however , some sub - populations may be experiencing localized declines due to habitat loss and degradation .
( 200 , 000 - 2 , 500 , 000 square km ( about 80 , 000 - 1 , 000 , 000 square miles ) ) as circumscribed in this database ( pending further taxonomic work ) , the species range includes both sides of the bering straits , in siberia and north america . the north american distribution includes alaska , the yukon , and the northwest territories ( taylor 1988 , johnson et al . 2013 ) . taylor ( 2003 ) limited the distribution to the type locality only , in the taimyr peninsula , russia . starobogatov et al . , ( 2004 ) cite the distribution as subarctic and arctic areas of asia , from yenissei mouth to chukotka .
the habitat of this species is not well known , but it has been collected from cold water ponds and lakes ( taylor 1988 ) .
occurrences are based on some evidence of historical or current presence of single or multiple specimens , including live specimens or recently dead shells ( i . e . , soft tissue still attached without signs of external weathering or staining ) , at a given location with potentially recurring existence . weathered shells constitute a historic occurrence . evidence is derived from reliable published observation or collection data ; unpublished , though documented ( i . e . government or agency reports , web sites , etc . ) observation or collection data ; or museum specimen information .
separation barriers are largely based on permanent hydrological discontinuity between water bodies , with distances of 30 meters or greater between maximum high water marks constituting a separation barrier . additional barriers are chemical and / or physical and include any connecting water body ( regardless of size ) with one or more of the following on a permanent basis : no dissolved calcium content , acidity greater than ph 5 , lack of dissolved oxygen , extremely high salinity such as that found in saline lakes and brine waters , or temperature greater than 45 an additional physical barrier , particularly for flowing water , is presence of upland habitat between water connections . high waterfalls and anthropogenic barriers to water flow such as dams are barriers as they limit movement in an upstream direction .
use the generic guidelines for the application of occurrence ranks ( 2008 ) . the key for ranking species occurrences using the generic approach provides a step - wise process for implementing this method .
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czaja , a . , estrada - rodríguez , j . l . , and méndez , u . r . 2014 . freshwater mollusks of the valley of sobaco , coahuila , northeastern mexico ? a subfossil ecosystem similar to cuatrociénegas . boletín de la sociedad geológica mexicana 66 ( 3 ) : 459 - 469 .
dillon , r . t . , a . r . wethington , j . m . rhett , and t . p . smith . 2002 . populations of the european pulmonate physa acuta are not reproductively isolated from american physa heterostropha or physa integra . invertebrate biology , 121 ( 3 ) : 226 - 234 .
starobogatov y . i . , l . a . prozorova , v . v . bogatov , and e . m . saenko . 2004 . molluscs . in : key to freshwater invertebrates of russia and adjacent lands . volume 6 . molluscs , polychaetes , nemerteans . spb : nauka : 9 - 491 .
taylor , d . w . 1988 . new species of physa ( gastropoda : hygrophila ) from the western united states . malacological review , 21 ( 1 - 2 ) : 43 - 79 .
taylor , d . w . 2003 . introduction to physidae ( gastropoda : hygrophiila ) ; biogeography , classification , morphology . revista de biologia tropical ( international journal of tropical biology and conservation ) , 51 , supplement 1 : 1 - 287 .
wethington , a . r . and c . lydeard . 2007 . a molecular phylogeny of physidae ( gastropoda : basommatophora ) based on mitochondrial dna sequences . journal of molluscan studies , 73 ( 3 ) : 241 - 257 .
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type materials of freshwater gastropod species described by c . a . westerlund and accepted in current malacological taxonomy : a taxonomic and nomenclatorial study | peter gloeer - urltoken
type materials of freshwater gastropod species described by c . a . westerlund and accepted in current malacological taxonomy : a taxonomic and nomenclatorial study
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subfamily : aplexinae - genus : laurentiphysa j . d . taylor , 2003 ( db : 2 sp , 2 img )
subfamily : aplexinae - genus : mayabina j . d . taylor , 2003 ( syn : aplecta - db : 13 sp , 11 img )
subfamily : aplexinae - genus : mexinauta j . d . taylor , 2003 ( db : 8 sp , 9 img )
subfamily : aplexinae - genus : paraplexa y . i . starobogatov , 1989 ( db : 1 sp , 0 img )
subfamily : aplexinae - genus : tropinauta j . d . taylor , 2003 ( db : 1 sp , 1 img )
subfamily : physinae - genus : physa j . p . r . draparnaud , 1801 ( syn : alampetis , alampetista , echemythes , exydra , physodon , phyza , rivicola , physagyrina - db : 60 sp , 29 img )
this species is ranked as secure in view of its wide distribution , presumed large population , and lack of known threats .
this species has a broad distribution across northern north america . it ranges from northwest territories , canada , from the vicinity of great slave lake southeast ( south of hudson bay ) to anticosti island , quebec , and nova scotia ; south through british columbia , eastern washington and eastern oregon to southernmost utah and colorado ; east across the great plains from northeastern colorado through northern nebraska to central illinois , through indiana and ohio to pennsylvania and eastern massachusetts ; also in illinois and ohio there are early records from south of the modern known range ( taylor , 2003 ) .
given the large geographic distribution of this species , it is unlikely that any major threat is impacting its global population . however , some sub - populations may be experiencing localized declines due to habitat loss and degradation .
trend over the past 10 years is unknown , but presumed stable overall . there may be localized declines ; it was not found in surveys conducted in indiana in 2006 - 2008 , even though it had been considered abundant at some sites in 1982 ( pyron et al . 2008 ) .
in a study of physid distribution across habitat gradient as a response to predators , this species was found to be most successful in shallow , temporary ponds with few predators ( turner and montgomery , 2009 ) .
( > 2 , 500 , 000 square km ( greater than 1 , 000 , 000 square miles ) ) this species has a broad distribution across northern north america . it ranges from northwest territories , canada , from the vicinity of great slave lake southeast ( south of hudson bay ) to anticosti island , quebec , and nova scotia ; south through british columbia , eastern washington and eastern oregon to southernmost utah and colorado ; east across the great plains from northeastern colorado through northern nebraska to central illinois , through indiana and ohio to pennsylvania and eastern massachusetts ; also in illinois and ohio there are early records from south of the modern known range ( taylor , 2003 ) .
this species lives in different habitats including temporary pools , dried up ponds , under moist leaves , ravines , clean brooks , ponds , and lake margins ( taylor , 2003 ) .
andersen , m . d . and b . heidel . 2011 . huc - based species range maps . prepared by wyoming natural diversity database for use in the pilot wisdom application operational from inception to yet - to - be - determined date of update of tool .
baxter , r . 1987 . mollusks of alaska : a listing of all mollusks , freshwater , terrestrial , and marine reported from the state of alaska , with locations of the species types , maximum sizes and marine depths inhabited . shells and sea life , bayside , california . 163 pp .
clarke , a . h . 1981a . the freshwater mollusks of canada . national museum of natural sciences , national museums of canada , d . w . friesen and sons , ltd . : ottawa , canada . 446 pp .
jokinen , e . h . 2005 . pond molluscs of indiana dunes national lakeshore : then and now . american malacological bulletin 20 : 1 - 9 .
lepitzki , d . a . w . 2001 . gastropods : 2000 preliminary status ranks for alberta . unpublished report prepared for alberta sustainable resource development , fish and wildlife division , edmonton , alberta . 126 pp .
pip , e . 2000 . the decline of freshwater molluscs in southern manitoba . canadian field naturalist 114 ( 4 ) : 555 - 560 .
pyron , m . , j . beaugly , e . martin , and m . spielman . 2008 . conservation of the freshwater gastropods of indiana : historic and current distributions . american malacological bulletin , 26 : 137 - 151 .
stephen , b . j . and v . b . winkler . 2007 . a survey of the freshwater snails of the major ecoregions of south dakota . ellipsaria , 9 ( 1 ) : 14 - 15 .
te , g . a . 1980 . new classification system for the family physidae . archiv fur molluskunde , 110 ( 4 / 6 ) : 179 - 184 .
turner , a . m . and s . l . montgomery . 2009 . hydroperiod , predators and the distribution of physid snails across the freshwater habitat gradient . freshwater biology 54 : 1189 - 1201 .
wu , s . - k . 2004 - 2005 [ 2005 ] . nebraska physidae ( gastropoda : pulmonata : hygrophila ) . malacological review , 37 / 38 : 185 - 196 .
wu , s . - k . and d . e . beetle . 1995 . wyoming physidae ( gastropoda : pulmonata : hygrophila ) . malacological review , 28 ( 1 - 2 ) : 81 - 95 .