albericus rhenaurum is a species of frog in the microhylidae family .

it is endemic to papua new guinea .

its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests , rural gardens , and heavily degraded former forest .

albericus rhenaurum

richards , s . & menzies , j . 2004 . albericus rhenaurum . 2006 iucn red list of threatened species . archived june 27 , 2014 , at the wayback machine . downloaded on 23 july 2007 .
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thank you for taking the time to provide feedback on the iucn red list of threatened species website , we are grateful for your input .
gland , switzerland , 5 july 2018 ( iucn ) – australia’s unique reptiles – including lizards and snakes – face severe threats from invasive species and climate change , with 7 % of th . . .
the value of medicinal and aromatic plant trade has increased three - fold in the past 20 years , but traditional harvesting practices are being replaced by less sustainable alternatives . . . .
a recently released iucn technical brief recommends increasing investments in sustainable land management practices , as well as better cooperation between agriculturalists and conservationists to conse . . .
kuala lumpur , malaysia , 8th june 2018—the online pet trade has emerged as a pressing threat to otters in southeast asia with a new traffic - iucn otter specialist group ( osg ) study revealing hundre . . .
justification : listed as data deficient since it has only recently been described , and there is still very little information on its extent of occurrence , status and ecological requirements .
this species is known only from the vicinity of moiyokabip , western province , papua new guinea . the altitude at which it was found has variously been given as 1 , 200m and 1 , 520m asl .
it lives in rainforest and can possibly adapt to secondary and degraded habitats . it is presumed to breed by direct development , probably breeding on the ground or in moss on tree trunks .
its distribution , habitat requirements and abundance need to be properly documented . it is not known from any protected areas .
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confused by a class within a class or an order within an order ? please see our brief essay .
to cite this page : myers , p . , r . espinosa , c . s . parr , t . jones , g . s . hammond , and t . a . dewey . 2018 . the animal diversity web ( online ) . accessed at https : / / animaldiversity . org .
disclaimer : the animal diversity web is an educational resource written largely by and for college students . adw doesn ' t cover all species in the world , nor does it include all the latest scientific information about organisms we describe . though we edit our accounts for accuracy , we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts . while adw staff and contributors provide references to books and websites that we believe are reputable , we cannot necessarily endorse the contents of references beyond our control .
this material is based upon work supported by the national science foundation grants drl 0089283 , drl 0628151 , due 0633095 , drl 0918590 , and due 1122742 . additional support has come from the marisla foundation , um college of literature , science , and the arts , museum of zoology , and information and technology services .
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would you like wikipedia to always look as professional and up - to - date ? we have created a browser extension .
it will enhance any encyclopedic page you visit with the magic of the wiki 2 technology .
i use wiki 2 every day and almost forgot how the original wikipedia looks like .
of perfecting techniques ; in live mode . quite the same wikipedia . just better .
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: 352 . holotype : up 4417 , by original designation . type locality :
forest by moiyok stream [ moiyakapip ] , upper ok tedi catchement ( 5° 12′ s , 141° 12′ e ) , western ( fly river ) province , altitude 1520 m ,
, papua new guinea . noted as 1320 m elevation by
known only from the type locality in mid - montane forest at an altitude of 2400 m , approximately 24 km northeast of mendia , southern highlands province , papua new guinea .
menzies , 2006 , frogs new guinea & solomon is . : 176 , characterized the call . shea and kraus , 2007 , zootaxa , 1514 : 37 - 60 , commented on types and different statements of the type locality .
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steller 's sea eagle ( haliaeetus pelagicus ) is a large bird of prey in the family accipitridae that lives in coastal northeastern asia and mainly preys on fish and water birds .

on average , it is the heaviest eagle in the world , at about 5 to 9 kg ( 11 to 20 lb ) , but may be below the harpy eagle ( harpia harpyja ) and philippine eagle ( pithecophaga jefferyi ) in some standard measurements .

it is named after the german naturalist georg wilhelm steller .

steller ' s sea eagle

other names : pacific sea eagle , steller ' s eagle , steller ' s fish eagle , steller ' s sea - eagle , white - shouldered eagle , white - shouldered sea eagle .
stock photo of steller ' s sea eagle flying with mountain in steller ' s sea eagle flying with mountain in background . . - csp16743620
sea eagle stock photos images . royalty free sea eagle images and sea eagle : birds ( details )
the steller’s sea - eagle was named for georg wilhelm steller , an 18th century zoologist and explorer .
physical description of both harpy and steller’s sea eagle is powerful but harpy eagle physical description is slightly bit stronger than steller’s sea eagle . in head to head fight between steller’s sea and harpy eagle then there is no doubt harpy eagle will win the fight because harpy is the true natural predator and live in the more dangerous habitat than coastal steller’s sea eagle .
stock photography of steller ' s sea eagle standing on pack ice stock photography - steller ' s sea eagle standing on pack ice . . fotosearch - search stock
protection / threats / status : steller’s sea - eagle is a rare bird .
the steller’s sea eagle is considered the most aggressive and powerful of the genus .
clip art of bird steller ' s sea eagle k15014198 - search clipart clip art - bird steller ' s sea eagle . fotosearch - search clipart , illustration posters ,
in english ,
steller ' s sea eagle
,
pacific eagle
or
white - shouldered eagle .
the steller’s sea - eagle was named for a noted 18th - century zoologist and explorer , georg wilhelm steller .
the steller’s sea eagle is named after georg wilhelm steller , a noted 18 th - century explorer and zoologist .
steller ' s sea - eagle and white - tailed eagle trying to get the same fish for breakfast .
adult steller ' s sea eagle , january 25 , han river . photo © robin newlin
stellar size : the steller’s sea eagle is one of the largest eagles in the world .
nobody uploaded sound recordings for steller ' s sea - eagle ( haliaeetus pelagicus ) yet .
steller’s sea eagle is the world heaviest eagle which weighs from 5 kg to 9 . 5 kg , although harpy eagle is also weighs same as steller’s sea eagle but on average weight basis steller’s sea eagle is the heaviest one . females who weigh 6 to 9 kg are larger and heavier than males who weigh 5 to 7 kg on average and conservation status of steller’s sea eagle is vulnerable as described by iucn .
i said that the bald eagle was north america’s only haliaeetus eagle , but forgot that steller’s sea eagle has sometimes occurred as far east as kodiak island .
our head eagle trainer , roger wallace talks about the natural history of our steller ' s sea eagle , thor .
that was until the appearance of a dark steller ' s sea eagle in tierpark zoo , berlin .
that reminds me… i said that the bald eagle was north america’s only haliaeetus eagle , but forgot that steller’s sea eagle has sometimes occurred as far east as kodiak island .
if given the chance , steller’s sea eagles will steal food from other birds .
steller’s sea eagles show distinct sexual dimorphism – females are substantially larger than males .
everyone wants to know which one is the largest eagle in the world is , whether it is harpy or steller’s sea , so here is the answer . harpy eagle is the largest in muscle area & also the tallest and steller’s sea eagle is the heaviest eagle in the world . many of the experts consider that harpy eagle is the world largest eagle and other two eagles that are close to harpy are steller’s sea eagle and philippine eagle . to know more about their physical description and their hunting techniques let’s take a glance at the below given chart on harpy eagle vs steller’s sea eagle .
steller’s sea - eagle performs courtship displays in late winter and female lays the eggs in mid - spring .
it is believed that the steller’s sea eagle is more aggressive , stronger and more brisk during hunt than a white - tailed eagle .
the steller ' s sea eagle is one of the world ' s largest eagles and certainly the heaviest weighing up to 9kg .
australian white - bellied sea eagle , white - bellied fish - eagle , white - bellied sea - eagle , white - breasted fish - hawk , white - breasted sea - eagle .
the bill suggests an eagle , such as our own bald eagle , but its shape and heft are a better fit for a steller’s sea - eagle from the far east .
while those of us in the western hemisphere may not be overly familiar with the steller’s sea eagle , this beautiful member of the eagle family is certainly worth getting to know . when measured by average weight , the steller’s sea eagle is the heaviest bird of prey in the world . slightly smaller in dimensions than the harpy eagle of central and south america and the philippine eagle , the steller’s sea eagle lives in the coastal regions of northeastern asia .
born to white feathered parents , the dark steller ' s sea eagle confirms they are two variants of the same species .
a steller ' s sea - eagle watches for prey while balancing on pack ice off the coast of hokkaido , japan .
clark , w . s . 2008 . hybrid bald eagle x steller ' s sea - eagle from vancouver island , british columbia . birding 40 : 28 - 31 . pdf
steller ' s sea eagles are important predators of salmon and other prey in their native ecosystems .
in russian ,
morskoi orel
( sea eagle ) ,
pestryi morskoi orel
( mottled sea eagle ) , and
beloplechii orlan
( white shouldered sea eagle ) .
description : steller’s sea - eagle is one of the largest raptors in the world . it is a powerful eagle with black and white plumage and huge beak .
a claim of 10 + steller ' s sea eagles ( a national high count if confirmed ) .
for over a century , experts questioned whether two steller ' s sea eagle species exist : one with white feathers and a darker one .
steller’s sea eagle is the largest erne species ( haliaeetus genus ) being as well one of the largest birds of prey in the world .
embed this arkive thumbnail link (
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arkive photo - steller ' s sea eagle juvenile defending prey from golden eagle
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coastal regions along western bering sea and sea of okhotsk ( russia ) . most common on kamchatka peninsula . while many birds overwinter as far south as japan , the steller’s sea eagle travels less in general than its cousin the white - tailed eagle .
but a dark , captive steller ' s sea eagle in a berlin zoo , the only living bird of its kind , has solved the mystery .
diet : steller’s sea - eagle feeds mainly on fish ( salmon and trout ) , alive or dead . it also takes small mammals and seabirds .
the steller ' s sea eagle sounds like a dinosaur ! ! at up to 20lbs , the heaviest raptor in the world . please subscribe my channel
apart from the hatching season this eagle most likely lives in communities located near the hunting areas . during the season of largest salmon and trout abundance , the steller’s sea eagle hunts alongside with the golden eagle ( aquila chrysaetos ) and the white - tailed eagle .
both lookouts commanded an unobstructed view of the sea and that part of the beach where the sea eagle lay .
recommended citation : global raptor information network . 2018 . species account : steller ' s sea eagle haliaeetus pelagicus . downloaded from urltoken on 7 jul . 2018
voice : steller’s sea - eagle gives deep barking calls “ra - ra - rau - rau” and also loud gull - like sounds during the breeding season .
steller’s are called o - washi in japan where they are revered and honored .
these are two of the eight species in the global genus haliaeetus , latin for “sea eagle . ” both the bald eagle and steller’s sea - eagle take much of their food , including fish and waterfowl , from saltwater environments . etymology and behavior both suggest we’re getting closer to finding our “sea hawk .
often called the world’s most magnificent bird of prey , the steller’s sea - eagle is dark , impressive , the largest of all sea - eagles , and the heaviest known eagle . despite its large size and attractive appearance , its habits are not well known .
the rare steller ' s sea eagle has a 3m ( 9ft ) wingspan . many of the 2 , 000 remaining pairs nest on the russian pacific coastline .
a steller ' s sea - eagle clutches a dead rabbit in it ' s claws and walks back to its nest , where it rips the carcass apart for a snack . the steller ' s sea - eagle haliaeetus pelagicus is the largest of all sea - eagles , weighing 11 to 20 pounds with a wingspan of 7 to 8 feet . like many raptors , female steller ' s sea - eagles are generally larger than the males . despite its large size , attractive appearance , and exotic range , the ecology of the steller ' s sea - eagle is not well known . check out more spectacular videos at : urltoken don ' t forget to subscribe ! urltoken
harpy eagle found in mexico , central america and south america , royal hawk is the name for harpy eagle in brazil , on the other hand steller’s sea eagle is found in russia , japan and korea and mainly lives in coastal areas .
embed this arkive thumbnail link (
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arkive species - steller ' s sea eagle ( haliaeetus pelagicus )
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range : steller’s sea - eagle lives in eastern asia . it breeds exclusively in russia , in the coastal regions along western bering sea , sea of okhotsk , and south of st paul’s bay . most of birds migrate southwards in winter to ussuriland , japan and korea .
it wasn ' t until the steller ' s sea eagle moulted into its adult plumage that the tierpark ' s curator of birds , dr martin kaiser , realised what a rarity it was .
he tells of his coming from afar , screaming like the sea - eagle .
323 best images about eagle on pinterest find this pin and more on eagle .
greg holland of australia sent this photo of a white - bellied sea eagle ( haliaeetus leucogaster ) clutching a sea snake .
in 1993 iws staff were invited to japan to participate in discussions on the biology of steller’s sea eagles and to help comment in public forums on the increased incidence of lead poisoning in wintering steller’s sea eagles . dr . keisuke saito , wildlife veterinarian at the
sometimes large aggregations of steller’s sea eagles of even 700 birds were observed in kamchatka , yet normally the groups are less numerous .
steller ' s sea eagles breed along sea coasts or near large rivers with mature trees . sightings very far inland are rare , as they prefer sea coasts that are dotted with estuaries and river mouths . they nest on large , rocky outcroppings or at the tops of large trees . steller ' s sea eagles are generally found at elevations ranging from sea level to approximately 100 m .
migrating steller ' s sea eagles winter along rivers in japan and occasionally move to mountainous inland areas as opposed to the sea coast . they are also occasionally seen over and perching on sea ice in northern waters .
the steller’s sea eagle is pretty much confined to northeast asia in the area around the kamchatka peninsula of russia and the sea of okhotsk . steller ' s have been found as far south as taiwan and in north america , but they are considered to be individuals that have wandered from their normal range .
today , the zoo is one of the few places in north america where you can view these impressive eagles . a pair of steller’s sea - eagles lives in an aviary along the zoo’s eagle trail .
since these sightings , debate has continued as to whether the dark steller ' s sea eagle is a separate species , subspecies or just a colour variant of the usual bird .
there is not a spot of the sea on which the eagle dares show himself .
the bird is also similar to our philippine eagle or the monkey - eating eagle .
the last known dark steller ' s sea eagle sighted in the wild was in 1968 , and no dark specimen has been held in captivity since the start of the 20th century .
the steller ' s sea eagle can be found in a number of locations including : asia , china , russia . find out more about these places and what else lives there .
the following habitats are found across the steller ' s sea eagle distribution range . find out more about these environments , what it takes to live there and what else inhabits them .
the steller ' s sea eagle is the heaviest eagle in the world , and one of the most visually striking . japan ' s north island of hokkaido is the best place to view this magnificent raptor up close . the video concludes with a slide show of dory ' s photos .
institute for wildlife studies useful information on the situation for this species in russia and japan . vireo steller ' s sea eagle photos . steller ' s sea eagle satellite tracking joint site of natural research products and the san diego zoo , showing movements of migrating birds . red data book threatened birds of asia detailed information on status , threats , and proposed conservation actions .
it is considered the most powerful and aggressive of its closest relatives , the bald eagle and the white - tailed sea - eagle .
coastal regions along w bering sea s of paul’s bay ( koryakland ) , and around sea of okhotsk ; winters s to ussuriland , korea and japan ( hokkaido and n honshu ) .
there is a track ( of a sort ) to the sea at one place between the eagle ' s nest and the one man ' s pass .
when it comes to birds , it’s hard to answer the question , “who is biggest ? ” one bird might weigh the most , while another has a greater wingspan , and another still is longer nose - to - tail . even so , anyone who has traded stares with our adult female , aleutia , already knows that steller’s sea eagles are one of the largest species of eagle in the world . on average , a steller’s sea eagle outweighs both the harpy eagle ( harpia harpyja ) and the philippine monkey - eating eagle ( pithocophaga jefferyi ) , while its average wingspan is second only to its near - cousin the white - tailed eagle ( haliaeetus albicilla ) ( steller’s = 7 . 0 feet , white - tailed = 7 . 2 feet ) . not surprisingly , an adult steller’s sea eagle has no natural predators .
at this time , little is known about the parental investment of steller ' s sea eagles . both parents contribute to raising offspring to independence .
bald eagle png transparent images | png all download bald eagle png images transparent gallery . advertisement
while visiting warwick castle in england , chris strader of hood river photographed a steller’s sea eagle during a raptor show . the russian pacific coast bird is one of the largest and heaviest raptors .
a osprey , sometimes known as the sea hawk or fish eagle , flies back to it ' s nest as a chick pokes it ' s head up .
ladyguin , a . 2000 . the morphology of the bill apparatus in the steller ' s sea eagle . pp . 1 - 10 in first symposium on steller ' s and white - tailed sea eagles in east asia ( m . veta and m . j . mcgrady , eds . ) . wild bird society of japan , tokyo .
the steller’s sea eagle is the largest in terms of weight at up to 20 . 944 lb . it has a longer wingspan and largest most powerful bill of all eagles . the harpy eagle is the second heaviest with the largest talons of any eagle . the philippine eagle is the third heaviest but the tallest eagle . it has the largest wing surface area of any eagle and the longest length from bill to tail tip .
home range sizes of steller ' s sea eagles are not known , but productive nests have been reported to be as close as within 100 meters .
steller ' s sea eagles have been known to remove mammals from commercial traps set by humans during harsh winters , causing some harm to that industry .
the steller ' s sea eagle ( haliaeetus pelagicus ) is the heaviest of all eagles , and it usually has brown and white plumage , sporting white feathers along the wings , legs and tail .
hi sheila . thanks so much . i really enjoyed learning about the steller ' s sea eagle . they certainly are beautiful . many thanks for the vote , etc . happy a great holiday .
harpy eagle vs steller’s sea eagle , harpy eagle is one of the world largest eagle and the most powerful eagles in the world , it is the only eagle member of harpia species , and the females are generally larger than males in harpy eagle . male weighs 4 kg to 5 . 5 kg and females can weighs from 6 kg to 9 kg , it is one of the tallest eagle in the world . conservation status of harpy eagle is least concerned as described by iucn ( international union for conservation of nature ) .
flight : steller’s sea - eagle performs powerful flight , thanks to the large wings . in spite of the size , this eagle is able to sweep down onto preys and to rise immediately , carrying the prey for eating it in dry location .
yes , i have been a slave - trader : they called me the sea - eagle .
just then the
sea eagle
came up , and hove - to on our quarter .
he soared above the waters like an eagle and darted down upon this dragon of the sea .
sea eagle eggs and eaglets are prey to other birds and tree - climbing mammals like racoons .
open water provides these eagles with their main food sources along coastlines and lakes . in their breeding grounds , steller ' s sea eagles subsist largely on salmon , and they both hunt and scavenge for this resource . annual salmon runs provide an enormous bounty and steller ' s sea eagle nests are typically located near coasts and rivers where these fish appear en masse .
an efficient predator , the white - bellied sea eagle often catches its prey by performing spectacular swoops .
steller ' s sea eagles are solitary birds , congregating with others only to breed . however , large numbers can be seen congregating on particularly productive salmon rivers due to an abundant food supply . steller ' s sea eagles are commonly seen perching on cliffs above the sea or in large trees . they are active during the day and migrate to warmer areas in the winter .
the white - tailed eagle is the largest eagle in europe , weighing up to about 7 kg .
never far from water , the steller’s sea eagle displays impressive fishing skills . taking advantage of warm updrafts of air , the eagle glides above the water , looking out for fish . its favorite prey , the salmon , has an extremely tough skin for which the eagle is equipped with a specialized hatchet - like beak .
there are approximately 5 , 000 steller ' s sea eagles in the wild , predominantly found in north - eastern asia , breeding around the kamchatka peninsula in russia .
however , a different , dark form of the steller ' s sea eagle was first described as a separate species ( h . niger ) in 1887 . it had brown feathers all over except for a white tail .
nigh it on the grass lay the sea - eagle ' s damsel , ruddy - cheeked and sweet - lipped , as fair as aforetime .
the bald eagle is the largest native north american eagle , weighing up to about 6 . 5 kg .
res mgt , history , conservation , fishkill
fish : trout dealer / manufacturer ( s ) : lakes illustrated , sea eagle , tom mann ' s , the martensen company .
an excellent morning ' s birding in cold temperatures , with 60 white - naped and 100 red - crowned cranes sighted , along with 230 cinerous vulture , 6 white - tailed and a single steller ' s sea eagle . in addition , a dark - throated thrush was heard calling shortly after dawn . on the han river , thanks to information from robin newlin and tim edelsten , 3 steller ' s sea eagle , including one terrific adult , and 2 more white - tailed eagles .
manly sea eagles vs north queensland cowboys live streaming nrl semi final 2012 friday 14 sep sea eagles vs cowboys .
steller ' s sea eagles communicate mainly through various vocalizations . a deep , barking cry is commonly heard . during mating displays a loud , gull - like call is used .
despite its impressive proportions , the steller’s sea eagle is still vulnerable to changes in its habitat and food supplies . such a huge eagle needs an equally huge territory , so the steller’s population ( which is not large ) is widespread and particularly sensitive to habitat loss due to climate change . in addition , threats to already declining pacific salmon populations translate into potential prey shortages during the all - important breeding season .
ligaments & muscles on the skull of a steller ' s sea eagle . muscles that close the jaw include the adductor mandibulae externus , adductor mandibulae posterior , & pterygoideus . the depressor mandibulae opens the jaw ( source : ladyguin 2000 )
keala , always a pleasure to have you stop by for a visit . when i started reading up on the steller ' s sea eagle it was hard not to write about it . what an amazing creature . thanks so much .
hi deb . when i started researching the steller ' s sea eagle i just fell in love with them . what a magnificent bird . i would love to see one also . thanks for stopping by , have a great weekend .
they are considered one of the largest of all eagles species along with the philippine eagle and the harpy eagle .
you can help us bring steller’s sea - eagles back from the brink by supporting the san diego zoo global wildlife conservancy . together we can save and protect wildlife around the globe .
the steller’s sea eagle is a relative of the bald eagle and breeds only on the eastern coast of russia . it is one of the largest eagle species in the world , weighing between 14 - 19 pounds . adults are characterized by a large yellow beak , and distinctive black and white plumage . juveniles have a dark beak and brown mottled plumage .
harpy eagle mates after the age of 4 years and lays only 2 eggs from which if one egg hatches then harpy eagle ignores the second one which as a result fail to hatch . parents protect their chicks until it fledge and chick spend his first one year with his parents on the other side steller’s sea eagle can lays 3 eggs and their eggs are slightly bigger than of harpy’s eagle , incubation period can be range from 40 to 45 days .
birds of prey - the golden eagle learn everything you need to know about the majestic golden eagle . larger than the bald eagle , the golden eagle is much more widespread and is the largest bird of prey in north america .
the white - bellied sea eagle generally feeds on aquatic species , from fish and sea snakes to turtles and water birds , but may occasionally take terrestrial species , including livestock .
steller’s sea - eagles are a vulnerable species and have been given complete legal protection in russia , the only place it breeds , and in japan , where it overwinters . despite these protections , human behavior continues to harm the remaining sea - eagle population . in russia , steller’s are losing their habitat because of the development of hydroelectric power projects and logging in the forested areas where they nest . the rivers where the sea - eagles fish are being contaminated by chemicals from local industries .
a giant bird living in germany has settled debate over the existence of a huge , dark species of sea eagle .
the eagle had made good its escape and flapped away above the green sea of treetops with a cry of triumph .
generally a coastal species , the white - bellied sea eagle can also be found further inland along rivers and lakes .
hi tom , yes the philippine eagle is considered the largest eagle in the world based on it ' s size , not it ' s weight . and the harpy eagle is perhaps the strongest eagle in the world , capable of flying off with up to 20 pounds of prey . both the harpy and philippine eagles are stronger and the harpy has the longest talons of any bird of prey in the world . the steller ' s sea eagle , on average , is considered the heaviest eagle in the world . it really comes down to how one measures the largest eagle ; weight , size , strength ? i think it ' s fair to say that the philippine , harpy and steller ' s are are considered the three largest eagle species in the world based on their size . perhaps my statement should have read
one of the largest eagles in the world
. thanks for the comment .
in japan , steller ' s sea eagles feast on cod . in addition to fish , they eat crabs , shellfish , squid , small animals , ducks , gulls , and carrion .
steller’s sea - eagle is often seen standing on the ice and even in shallow water and sandbanks , grabbing fish as they swim by . it also steals food from other birds’ species or eagles , mainly when they are hunting in large flocks .
as a gift from a japanese ornithologist . this bird awed zoo guests for many years . our next steller’s arrived in 1996 .
inhabits coastal cliffs and estuaries ; further inland , steller ' s eagles are associated with river and lakeshore forests ( 5 ) .
generally , steller’s sea eagles can be found in one of two habitats : near large rivers and along the sea coast . they prefer areas with large trees for nesting and their nest can be up to five feet deep and eight feet in diameter . in addition to nesting in large trees they will also nest on rocky cliffs . the nests of the steller’s eagle are called aeries and a pair will usually return to the same site yearly .
1999 .
species synopsis stellar sea eagle
( on - line ) . accessed march 24 , 2008 at urltoken .
the highschool students are teasing this noisy sea eagle , once the students immitate his voice he will respond too . . .
english : white - shouldered sea - eagle ; french : pygargue empereur ; german : riesenseeadler ; spanish : pigargo gigante .
eagle head stock images , royalty - free images & vectors | shutterstock realistic eagle head . black and white vector illustration .
black eagle stock images , royalty - free images & vectors | shutterstock stylized image of an eagle . black and white tattoo
sea eagle ' s 420x explorer is a two - person , inflatable , durable and easily portable kayak that ' s comfortable enough for a day on the lake , and rugged enough to handle class iv rapids .
sea eagle ' s 420x explorer is a two - person , inflatable , durable and easily portable kayak that ' s comfortable enough for a day on the lake , and rugged enough to handle class iv rapids .
sea eagle ' s 420x explorer is a two - person , inflatable , durable and easily portable kayak that ' s comfortable enough for a day on the lake , and rugged enough to handle class iv rapids .
there are no known predators of adult steller ' s sea eagles . eggs and hatchlings are commonly preyed on by arboreal mammals that gain access to nests , such as martens , and by crows .
the sheer size of the steller’s sea eagle is enough to make this raptor one of the most impressive birds in the world . with adult females reaching 15 to 20 pounds , and a wingspan of between six to eight feet , the steller’s size strikes an impressive and imposing figure . as is typical of birds of prey , the male is much smaller than the female and will weigh from 11 to 13 pounds . steller’s will range from about 33 inches in length up to as much as 41 inches for the largest adults .
habitat : steller’s sea - eagle lives near water . it frequents coasts and forested valleys along rivers . this species nests near waters which provide them abundant and regular food resources . nest - sites are often located near the river mouths , along sea - coasts , near lakes , and also on rocky coasts with high cliffs .
…and 20 years ago we had a steller’s sea eagle haliaeetus pelagicus here in the gulf of bothnia . it was said to be an escapee from somewhere – which is most probable – but i missed it out and that still hurts a lot . …a lot !
steller ' s sea eagles are listed as vulnerable on the iucn red list of threatened species because of their small and declining population sizes . steller ' s sea eagles are legally protected in russia , japan , china , and south korea with key habitat areas being established as nature reserves throughout russia and japan . they are also protected under appendix ii of the convention on international trade of endangered species .
in addition to diving from above , the sea eagle will also stand in the water and grab fish as they swim by .
about a week after my escape from the snake , i woke one morning in consequence of hearing a sea - eagle screaming .
steller ' s sea eagle is classified as vulnerable ( vu ) on the iucn red list ( 1 ) . listed on appendix ii of cites ( 4 ) , and appendix i of the convention on migratory species ( cms or bonn convention ) ( 6 ) .
when daniel saw the babylonian empire rising out of the sea it was in the form of a lion with eagle ' s wings ( daniel vii : 1 - 2 ) .
but the steller’s sea - eagle is quite rare in north america . only a handful that we know of have ever crossed the bering sea to land on alaskan islands - - and that ' s still a couple thousand miles away from seattle . bald eagles are fairly common across the country , including in the east , but they ' re already spoken for - - by philadelphia !
a huge beak , penetrating look and enormous size – the steller’s sea eagle is a masterful and independent bird . looking into its eyes , we can see the intelligence and strength , which many people would like to acquire… get to know one of the largest birds of prey .
the steller’s sea eagle’s body length ranges from 85 to 105 cm ( 33 . 5 – 41 . 3 in ) , while its wingspan is between 1 . 95 – 2 . 5 m ( 77 – 98 in ) . it matches its close relative – the white - tailed eagle – with wingspan and their length , yet the latter is smaller in terms of length and body mass .
steller’s feed on a variety of food but fish is their most common meal . trout and salmon seem to be their favorite prey . the annual salmon runs are a time for the steller’s to feast as they compete with brown bears , golden eagles , and other raptors for their favorite meal .
just then the crew of the sea eagle became aware of the fact that a horned animal with big brown eyes was looking at them .
the impressive white - bellied sea eagle is known to soar to great heights , gliding with its wings held in a stiff ‘v’ shape .
migrating eagles fly to the swampy japanese terrains and to the river banks during winter , yet they sometimes move to the inland mountain areas . on hokkaido the steller’s sea eagles gather in the coastal areas and around lakes .
thanks alicia . i spent a lot of time searching for the perfect photo to lead into the article . i really love that picture of the steller ' s sea eagle . i also would love to see them someday , what a thrill that would be . thanks for the visit .
a golden eagle killing a wolf is impressive , but that herculean feat is certainly trumped by the bald eagle that killed that whale . 😉
steller ' s sea eagle is one of 8 species of sea and fish eagles in the genus haliaeetus . the genus includes large to very large eagles with powerful bills and feet , rather short legs , unfeathered tarsi , and often bold color patterns in adults . the genus is nearly cosmopolitan in distribution . sea eagles frequent coasts , lakes , and rivers , often scavenge fish , but also take live fish , birds , and mammals . the adult steller ' s sea eagle is characterized by immense size , dark brown to black plumage with prominent white tail , shoulders , thighs , forehead , and usually crown ( except h . p . niger ) . and a yellow , very deep , strongly arched and compressed beak .
behaviour : steller’s sea - eagle is a diurnal raptor , fishing during the day . its preferred food is fish , mainly salmon and trout . its keen binocular vision allows it to detect the preys . the eagle waits and watches for prey from perch above water , between 5 and 30 metres high . it sweeps down and catches the fish with the talons .
the steller’s sea - eagle is often easy to spot , with its dark body ; white forehead , shoulders , tail , and thighs ; and bright - yellow bill . it is believed that they are glacial relics that evolved in the narrow , northeast asian coast and simply stayed there through multiple ice age cycles , never occurring anywhere else . other northern sea - eagles share the yellow legs , eyes , and beak of the steller’s , and they are large birds as well , which seems to support this theory .
clark , w . s . 2000 . field identification of beaudouin ' s snake eagle circaetus beaudouini . bulletin of the african bird club 7 : 13 - 17 . pdf
a fierce , impressive raptor with chocolate - brown plumage and striking white shoulders and tail . the steller’s sea eagle averages 13 - 20 lbs ( with females being roughly a third larger than males ) , and measures almost four feet from head to tail . with its deep , strongly arched bill and massive yellow feet , it’s no wonder that the japanese call this bird o - washi ( the great eagle ) .
discover fun facts about america ' s most iconic bird , the bald eagle—an emblem of strength , courage , and freedom .
25 | may | 2017 | mannaismaya adventure ' s blog photo credit : national geographic . the beauty of the bald eagle
hi nick . lucky you to be visiting japan . hopefully you have an opportunity to see a steller ' s while you are there . good luck .
splendid adult and sub - adult steller ' s sea eagles cut a statuesque pose in the early morning mist , towering over a sandbar of the hangang at guri . later they were joined by a browner juvenile clutching a fish .
each winter , many steller ' s sea eagles migrate from their breeding grounds to japan , and a few reach korea or even farther afield . other individuals do not migrate , but simply move to open water as winter approaches .
clark , w . s . 1999 . ayres ' s hawk - eagle hieraaetus ayresi sightings in cameroon . bulletin of the african bird club 6 : 115 - 116 . pdf
coastal west bering sea and sea of okhotsok , wintering further south as far as korea . breeds mainly kamchatka peninsula , sea of okhotsk the lower reaches of the amur river , and on northern sakhalin and shatar , russia .
for everybody ' s information the stellers eagle is not the largest and most powerful of all eagle specie in the world as what is stated in the facts above . indeed on average they are the heaviest eagle in the world . tha largest eagle in the world on terms of total size is the philippine eagle . the harpy eagle is one of the largest specie of eagle in the world , the philippine eagle is the only living eagle to surpass it in size hence it is larger than the harpies . according to experts the strongest and the most powerful eagle belongs to forest eagle they are the phililppine eagle and the harpy eagle both have the strongest feet and claws as large as that of agrizly bear capable of killing adult mongkey , sloths , deers , large reptiles like monitor lizards pythons and cobras . wild and domesticated pigs , cats , and dogs stand no chance to these two eagle . they can pop out a monkey skull or even crush a human bone . the stellers are fish eagles feed mainly on fish and it is not the strongest and most powerful eagle in the world . please make a correction to your facts . . . thanks
steller ' s sea eagle ( haliaeetus pelagicus ) is one of the largest of the sea and fish eagles of the genus haliaeetus ( 3 ) . these large blackish - brown birds have an enormous , strongly arched yellow bill ( 3 ) . the feathers on the shoulders , tail and legs are white ( 2 ) , and females are generally the larger sex ( 3 ) .
clark , w . s . 1990 . spotted eagle wtih rufous nape patch . british birds 83 : 397 - 399 . pdf
clark , w . s . 2012 . the eagle genus hieraaetus is distinct from aquila , with comments on the name ayres’ eagle . bulletin of the british ornithologists’ club 132 : 295 - 298 . pdf
a few hours ' visit to a stretch of the han river near guri found a beautiful male smew , scattered great crested and little grebes , a large ( 200 + ) flock of goosanders , a few goldeneyes and eurasian wigeon , and , best of all , 1 subadult and 1 adult steller ' s sea eagle .
relationship between two diet diversity indicators and body mass in sea duck winter diet .
clark , w . s . 1989 . the rufous morph of the booted eagle . dutch birding 11 : 57 - 60 . pdf
hi jerry . determining the largest eagle comes down to how one measures them . is it weight , length , wingspan ? it is generally accepted that the philippine eagle and the steller ' s are the two largest in the world because of their length and weight . on average the stellers sea eagle is the heaviest eagle in the world and has a slightly larger wingspan but the philippine is the longest . you can find many lists of the top 10 largest eagle species and they will all be different . of the three i think the harpy comes in third although they are very powerful and can crush a monkeys skull with their talons .
steller ' s sea eagles are native to eastern russia , specifically , the sea of okhotsk and the kamchatka peninsula . they are frequent winter migrants south to the japanese islands of kuril and hokkaido and have been seen as far south as eastern china and korea . vagrant individuals have also been spotted in taiwan and the united states .
competition for the top title comes from the philippine eagle ( pithecophaga jefferyi ) of south - east asia ; the martial eagle ( polemaetus bellicosus ) of africa and the harpy eagle ( harpia harpyja ) , of north and south america .
in very pleasant and mild conditions ( with a high reaching a balmy 10 c ) , highlights included ca 45 white - naped crane at joonam ( had been 80 a week earlier ) , along with 2 white - tailed eagle , single merlin , northern sparrowhawk , goshawk and peregrine , followed by an immature steller ' s sea eagle at miyeonji and 2 short - eared owl watched hunting at ulseuk island .
no harpy eagle is not the largest of all eagle that title belongs to the philippine eagle . it maybe reouted to be the strongest of all raptors due to its large claws and legs which is the major weapon of all raptors . but if you will try to search with accordance of what experts says . both the philippine eagle and the harpy eagle are the two strongest and most powerful living eagle specie . who will win between the two is a big debate and it depends on individual specimen in combat with each other . the harpy eagle is really a powerfully built eagle while the philippine monkey eating - eagle is known to of its fast or agile moves like a goshawk with very agressive characteristics even catetakers in which they have seen everyday experinces attacks . philippine eagle is the only living eagle larger in size than the harpy eagle . what makes the stellers considered as the largest eagle is its weight but lags behind all other measurements than the two . so when in terms of weight its the heaviest of all eagles but in size it ranks third next to harpy eagle . this is the latest facts .
the san diego zoo has a pair of steller’s sea - eagles and has loaned pairs of birds to four other zoos in the us . we hope that seeing these amazing raptors up close will encourage visitors to participate in the conservation of this rare species .
a harpy eagle is an apex predator and mainly preys on monkeys and sloths , other preys are squirrel , anteaters , opossums and porcupines etc , on the other side steller’s sea eagle mainly preys on fish especially salmon and trout , in salmon their favorite salmon is pink salmon and chum salmon . according to the both eagles diet we have a conclusion that harpy is the dangerous one because they feed on hard and dangerous mammals like monkey , sloths and porcupine . harpy eagle’s talons are also the largest one and it measures as large as grizzly bears claws .
omg what ? the world’s talleat eagle is harpy ? ? ? ? ? you must be joking . is thart the latest fact just an assumption ? where did you get your data . the tallest eagle alive is philippine eagle at 112 cm . outside haast eagle . the ave . reported for the philippne eagle is equals to the maximum reported to stellers and harpy eagle . you are right the stellers is the heaviest . it should go like this . steller’s eagle – heaviest eagle in the world . philippine eagle – largest in physical dimentions or total size , tallest in the world . strongest and most powerful – worldwide considered by most experts its the great philippine eagle and the royal harpy eagle . both two are forest eagle and they are the moat powerful of all birds of prey . but if you want to filter which one of the two is more powerful , experts cannot give a difinitive answer coz both have weapons strong enough to break each other’s skull . just to make it safe we just simply state that both of them are on the same nitch . in that case no bebate at all . anyone who can post their comments are not so distructive to your blog coz you are in safe zone . if that would be the case . thanks
tell your members of congress to save america ' s vulnerable wildlife by supporting the recovering america ' s wildlife act .
steller ' s sea eagles have a limited population size of around 5 , 000 individuals . populations are in steady decline . potential causes of declining populations are habitat degradation due to an increase in industry and logging , overfishing of key prey items , and pollution .
this desert , around which hovered gulls , sea - swallows , and sea - eagles , had been for several weeks the abode of the fugitives , dion and barine .
energy value of the winter diet of sea duck species and their six respective genera .
embed this arkive thumbnail link (
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arkive species - white - bellied sea - eagle ( haliaeetus leucogaster )
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steller ' s sea eagles breed in eastern russia , around the sea of okhotsk and on the kamchatka peninsula . a small number of birds remain in kamchatka over the winter but the majority fly south to the japanese islands of kuril and hokkaido ( 2 ) . this species is also occasionally seen in china and north and south korea ( 2 ) .
clark , w . s . 2005 . steppe eagle is monotypic . bulletin of the british ornithologists ' club 125 : 149 - 153 . pdf
gasps and gapes , when to the sea he comes , the eagle over old ocean ; so is a man , who among many comes , and has few advocates .
for the uninitiated , the osprey ( pandion haliaetus ) , sometimes known as the sea hawk or fish eagle , is a diurnal , fish - eating bird of prey .
a member of the ‘sea eagle’ clade haliaeetus , the white - tailed eagle appears to be the sister - species of north america’s only sea eagle , the bald eagle h . leucocephalus ( wink et al . 1996 , lerner & mindell 2005 ) . both species are part of a ‘northern sea eagle’ clade , the members of which mostly possess yellow bills , yellow eyes and yellow feet ( the odd one out is pallas’s fish eagle h . leucoryphus , which has the primitive condition of a dark bill , dark eyes and dark feet ) . many people might be surprised to know that the closest relatives of sea eagles seem not to be ‘aquiline’ eagles like the aquila species , but rather kites ( milvus ) and perhaps buzzards ( buteo ) and kin ( holdaway 1994 , wink et al . 1996 , lerner & mindell 2005 ) . kites and sea eagles both share fusion of two of the phalanges in the second pedal digit , and some workers have even intimated that sea eagles can be regarded as super - sized , piscivorously adapted kites : the ‘end members’ of a trend toward association with aquatic environments and a diet of fish [ image below shows a bald eagle h . leucocephalus on a whale carcass ( photo u . s . fish and wildlife service , from wikipedia ) ] .
steller’s jays move around with bold hops of their long legs , both on the ground and among the spokelike main branches of conifers . they pause often to eye their surroundings , cocking their head with sudden movements this way and that . jays have incredible spatial memories , and steller’s jays store surplus food in caches . they also raid the caches of clark’s nutcrackers and other jays . steller’s jays are common nest predators , stealing both eggs and chicks from the nests of many species . they are very social , traveling in groups , sometimes playing with or chasing each other , or joining mixed - species flocks . one of the most vocal species of mountainous forests , steller’s jays keep up a running commentary on events and often instigate mobbing of predators and other possibly dangerous intruders . back to top


pope joan ( 1809 – 1830 ) was a british thoroughbred racehorse .

she won four of her eight starts before being retired to stud , where she became a successful broodmare .

she foaled 1000 guineas winner tontine , 2000 guineas winner turcoman and epsom oaks winner turquoise .

pope joan was bred by augustus fitzroy , 3rd duke of grafton and after his death was owned by his son george fitzroy , 4th duke of grafton .

pope joan ( horse )

on 16 october , pope received 75 guineas forfeiture from mr . shakespeare ' s horse nuncio .
pope was retained by lord sligo after his racing career as a breeding stallion . pope stood under the name
waxy pope
to distinguish him from another horse named pope ( sired by shuttle ) that was also standing in ireland .
in his last start of the season , pope was unplaced in the tortoise stakes won by mr . shakespeare ' s horse tumbler .
rosemary and darroll pardoe , the female pope : the mystery of pope joan . users . globalnet . co . uk , 1988 .
pope was retained by lord sligo after his racing career as a breeding stallion . pope stood under the name
waxy pope
to distinguish him from another horse named pope ( sired by shuttle ) that was also standing in ireland . in 1821 , pope stood in oxcroft , england for a 10 guinea stud fee .
burns says there is no evidence and no documentation in the secret archives that pope joan existed , no relic of pope john anglicus anywhere .
and received 60 guineas forfeiture from lord darlington when his horse musician backed out of a match race .
stories vary - - some say the crowd stoned her to death , others say she was dragged from the tail of a horse - - but in most accounts , pope joan perished that day .
durrell , lawrence . the curious history of pope joan . london : derek verschoyle , 1954 .
fife and drum ( 1906 ) .
horse pedigrees
. natal agriculture journal . 9 : 1053 .
pope won 500 - guinea garden stakes at the houghton meeting on 30 october , beating the 6 - year - old horse cassio and the filly mirth .
whether pope joan is a figure of fact or fiction is debatable , but according to stories first recorded in the early 13th century , pope joan was a woman who , by dressing like a man , managed to become pope from 855 to 858 . ï»¿ï»¿ï»¿ï»¿
stanford , peter . the she - pope . a quest for the truth behind the mystery of pope joan . london : heineman , 1999 . isbn 0434024589
abcnews . go . com , 2005 . looking for pope joan . [ online ] available at : urltoken
later at the same meeting , pope finished third ( but not officially placed ) in £50 subscription handicap plate , losing to the colt cambric and the horse salvator .
and so the last relic in the tale of pope joan is withdrawn . but pope joan lives on in some other place , in the shadows of a dark ages legend that is terrifying to some and inspiring to others .
thought that goodisson
rode his horse with great skill and judgement
and
gave great satisfaction to all present .
the modern catholic church and many scholars dismiss the story of pope joan as a sort of dark ages urban legend .
stanford , peter . ( 1998 ) . the legend of pope joan . henry holt and company . new york .
featured image : pope joan gives birth during a church procession , artist giovanni boccaccio circa 1450 . ( wikimedia commons )
squires , n . , 2010 . pope joan film sparks roman catholic church row . [ online ] available here .
pardoe , rosemary and darrell . the female pope : the mystery of pope joan . the first complete documentation of the facts behind the legend . crucible , 1988 . isbn 9781852740139
another school argues that it was the fear of female power that led the church to essentially expunge pope joan from history .
↑ the dating of pope joan varies . some sources suggest that she reigned in the eleventh century . see alain boureau and lydia g . cochrane . the myth of pope joan . ( chicago : university of chicago press , 2001 , ( original 1988 .
pope joan was , supposedly , a mome female pope who reigned during the middle ages . most modern scholars believe the story likely arose out of satire directed at the holy see , in attempts to belittle a particular pope , or the papacy itself .
the legend of pope joan can be found in many medieval sources . the most widely cited text is the thirteenth century chronicon pontificum et imperatum written by polish chronicler martin of opava , [ 5 ] which describes the background of pope joan ( john anglicus ) as follows :
real or not , pope joan will be played by maria theodorakis in “top girls” : at southbank theatre , the sumner until 29 september .
elected pontiff around 855 , pope joan supposedly reigned as pope john viii . sources vary on the length of her time at the helm of the church from a few weeks to more than two years . some theorized that her term came between pope leo iv and benedict iii . unfortunately , according to the stories , her secret was uncovered during a papal procession . pregnant at the time , pope joan was on her way to the church of the lateran in rome when she began having contractions . learning that the pope was having a baby , the people reacted in horror . most reports indicate that she was killed that day , either by stoning or by being dragged behind a horse . later popes avoided the crossroads where pope joan was supposedly killed , which was called the vicus papissa , or street of the female pope .
as a knowledgeable young woman , joan disguised herself as a man and began working within the roman catholic church before becoming a cardinal and eventually the pope . according to most stories , pope joan was only outed as a woman when she gave birth , some say while mounting a horse , others claiming it was during a public procession , as seen in the engraving from giovanni boccacio’s de claris mulieribus ( on famous women ) below . ï»¿ï»¿ï»¿ï»¿
boureau , alain and lydia g . cochrane . the myth of pope joan . university of chicago press , 2001 . isbn 978 - 0226067452 .
pope did not run as a two - year - old . another colt named pope , sired by shuttle and owned by a mr . barlow , raced at the same time as pope , but he was a year younger than the duke of grafton ' s pope .
on 7 june at ascot , pope walked over for a 200 - guinea sweepstakes race . in october at newmarket , pope won the lilly - hoo stakes while carrying five more pounds in the race than the other three horses as a handicap for his derby win . the next day at the same meeting , pope walked over for a 140 - guinea subscription race . on 16 october , pope received 75 guineas forfeiture from mr . shakespeare ' s horse nuncio . pope won 500 - guinea garden stakes at the houghton meeting on 30 october , beating the 6 - year - old horse cassio and the filly mirth . pope received 100 guineas forfeiture from mr . craven after his filly black diamond backed out of a match race .
if you travel to italy and ask questions about pope joan , many people will direct you toward the clues embedded in art , literature and architecture .
painting of pope joan in papal tiara , on display at the bibliothèque nationale de france , circa 1560 . the artist is unknown . ( urltoken )
the legend of pope joan has survived over the centuries . the alleged female pope has been depicted in art , literature and plays . this tale has also been made into films , the most recent one being in 2009 . although the available evidence seems to cast some doubts regarding the existence of pope joan , it is likely that some would continue to believe that this figure was real . whether as a piece of fiction or history , the tale of pope joan will most likely live on for a long time to come .
ninety percent of me thinks there was a pope joan ,
says mary malone , a former nun who wrote a history of women and christianity .
whoever the father was , pope joan is a wonderful story and as irresistible for writers and film - makers today as it has been down the ages .
if the catholic list of popes lists pope john viii as having reigned from 872 - 882 , how could he / she also have reigned from 855 - 855 ? there is one interesting piece of fact , the numbering of the pope johns if off by 1 . pope john xxi was called pope john xx . that adds to the theory of a pope
joan
, but the time frame is slightly off , isn ' t it ?
the catholic church at first seemed to accept the reality of pope joan . marginal notes in a fifteenth century document refer to a statue called
the woman pope with her child
that was supposedly erected near the lateran . there was also a rumor that , as a result of pope joan , for many years the chairs used during papal consecrations had holes in their seats , so that an official check of the pope ' s gender could be performed .
waxy pope ( b c 1806 ) , winner of derby stakes and a good stallion in ireland . he was also called pope and sligo waxy .
although some medieval writers referred to the female pope as
john viii ,
the real pope john viii reigned between 872 and 882 , and his life does not resemble that of the fictional female pope in any way .
pope ( renamed waxy ) debuted at the curragh meeting on 7 september in a 200 - guinea sweepstakes race , finishing second to pope by shuttle .
pope joan is a medieval religious leader believed by some to have been a female pontiff who reigned over the roman catholic church , who dismisses her as myth .
knight , k .
pope joan .
catholic encyclopedia . new advent , 18 jan . 2000 . web . 8 mar . 2013 . < urltoken >
while commander of the french army , joan of arc didn’t participate in active combat .
since the fourteenth century , the figure of pope joan has taken on a somewhat
saintly
persona . there are stories of her figure appearing and performing miracles . francesco petrarch ( 1304 - 1374 ) wrote in his chronica de le vite de pontefici et imperadori romani that after pope joan had been revealed as a woman :
pope did not run as a two - year - old . another colt named pope , sired by shuttle and owned by a mr . barlow , raced at the same time as pope , but he was a year younger than the duke of grafton ' s pope . pope was sold to lord sligo after the 1811 racing season and was relocated to ireland where he raced until 1813 .
there are no written accounts of joan’s papal reign in the 400 years between the supposed event and the writings of jean de mailly and martinus polonus . pope benedict iii succeeded leo iv in 855 ce , in many well - documented chronologies . benedict was pope until his death in 858 , which barely eclipsed the supposed reign of pope joan . but few people in the middle ages actually read those dry chronologies .
for centuries , the mystery of pope joan has lingered . author donna woolfolk cross spent seven years researching the female pontiff mystery and the related time period for her historical novel pope joan ( 1996 ) . she told abc ? ? s primetime live that she believed that pope joan was a real person based on the material available , having found ? ? over 500 chronicle accounts of her existence . ? ? mentions of pope joan can be found in a book by poet giovanni boccaccio and many other sources and images of a female pontiff can be seen in numerous artworks , including sculptures by gian lorenzo bernini at the basilica in st . peter ? ? s square .
the legend of pope joan was also discredited by french huguenot scholar david blondel ( 1590 - 1655 ) , a mid - seventeenth century protestant historian , who suggested that pope joan ' s tale may have originated in a satire against pope john xi , who died in his early 20s . blondel , through detailed analysis of the claims and suggested timings , argued that no such events could have happened . [ 16 ]
the origins of the papacy can be traced to st . peter , one of the original disciples of jesus . the current pope , francis i , is the 265 th successor of st . peter . needless to say , all 266 popes are male . yet , during the middle ages , there existed a story about a pope who was actually a female in disguise . the name of this supposed female pope was joan . who was this mysterious pope joan , and did she really exist ?
in addition to the existence of textual sources about pope joan , there are also numerous medieval folktales . once such story describes joan as the illegitimate daughter of a former pope and had a vision from god that she should succeed her father and become pope . another folktale says that a street in italy is named after her and her body is buried beneath it . in some tales , pope joan is not murdered after being revealed as a woman . instead she is deposed , lives the rest of her life in a convent and her son is made bishop of hostia . [ 10 ]
i heard that the pope after her needed to be name as pope john also so that the name of the catholic chhurch will no have dirt . . .
in october in newmarket , pope won a subscription race against burleigh and salvator .
cite this article : dunning , b .
pope joan .
skeptoid podcast . skeptoid media , 12 mar 2013 . web . 7 jul 2018 . < urltoken >
rustici , c . m . , 2006 . the afterlife of pope joan : deploying the popess legend in early modern england . ann arbor : university of michiga press .
↑ rosemary and darroll pardoe . the female pope : the mystery of pope joan . the first complete documentation of the facts behind the legend , chapter 3 , ( crucible , 1988 ) . complete text available online here . retrieved december 28 , 2007 .
the renaissance poet giovanni boccaccio , best known for writing
the decameron ,
also wrote a book on
100 famous women .
no . 51 is pope joan .
no source describing a female pope exists from earlier than the mid - 12th century , almost exactly four hundred years after the time when pope joan allegedly existed . it is hard to believe that an event like a pope unexpectedly giving birth in public and being stoned to death would not be mentioned by any writers or historians at the time .
it is said that no pope will walk on the road , called the vicus papissa , where pope joan gave birth . it is also said that the street where it allegedly happened is just too narrow for the pope and his entourage to use . vicus papissa has been translated to “the street of the woman pope , ” but in reality it was named after a member of the papes family , who once lived there .
on 23 april at the craven meeting , pope received 50 guineas from lord jersey ' s colt robin , and pope beat lord darlington ' s colt levant in a match race . the following day , pope finished fourth in the second class of the oatlands stakes , which was won by lord oxford ' s mare victoria . on 21 may at newmarket , pope beat mr . shakespeare ' s colt harpocrates in a 200 - guinea match race . on 1 october during the newmarket first october meeting , pope lost a match race with his former derby rival wizard . at the second october newmarket meeting , pope won a 600 - guinea sweepstakes race against lord foley ' s colt spaniard and mr . lake ' s filly britannia and received 60 guineas forfeiture from lord darlington when his horse musician backed out of a match race . in his last start of the season , pope was unplaced in the tortoise stakes won by mr . shakespeare ' s horse tumbler .
joan of arc inspired the ever - popular bob haircut , which originated in paris in 1909 .
valerie hotchkiss , a professor of medieval studies at southern methodist university in texas , says that the story of pope joan was actually added to martin polonus ' manuscript after he died .
the rest of the details , of pope joan’s childhood and travels before becoming a pontiff , were added over the next couple hundred years by authors and scribes who embellished the story .
this apocryphal middle ages pope said to be a woman in disguise probably never existed .
who were also sired by waxy . pope died on 29 august 1831 at clearwell .
a popess was not included in the catalog of roman pontiffs , who was a woman pretending to be a man . she was sufficiently talented that she became a notary of the court , then a cardinal , and then pope . one day she was climbing onto her horse when she gave birth to a child . immediately , her feet were bound to the tail of the horse , and she was dragged and stoned by the people . she was buried on that spot .
pope joan ( gb ) b . m , 1809 { 1 - e } dp = 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 ( 0 ) di = inf cd = inf
any way you look at it , the legend of pope joan is nothing more than a legend—but the fact that it stuck around so long is in itself a fascinating piece of history .
i love horse racing and have a stud farm where i breed racehorses . i also enjoy golf , rugby and gaa . i am very connected with our local club , eire og .
during the reformation in the sixteenth century , the catholic church began to deny the existence of pope joan . however , at the same time , protestant writers insisted on her reality , primarily because the existence of a female pope was a convenient piece of anti - catholic propaganda .
in this woodcut , joan is lucky enough to die a natural death before the angry mob arrives .
contrary to popular belief , joan of arc wasn’t burned at the stake for witchcraft—at least not technically .
↑ david blondel , joanna papissa , cf . alain boureau and lydia g . cochrane . the myth of pope joan . ( chicago : university of chicago press , 2001 ) , 251 .
pope was bought in 1812 for 1 , 000 guineas by lord lonsdale for the marquess of sligo and was relocated to ireland for use as a racehorse . lord lonsdale wrote to the marquess that
he [ had ] sent him the best bred horse in the world save one ,
with the exception being swordsman . the other pope ( sired by shuttle ) was sold to a mr . browne and was also relocated to ireland . pope ( renamed waxy ) debuted at the curragh meeting on 7 september in a 200 - guinea sweepstakes race , finishing second to pope by shuttle . at the curragh on 12 october , pope finished second in the kirwan stakes to the three - year - old colt lennox . pope by shuttle also ran , but was unplaced , in the race . throughout his career pope won a total of sixteen races .
have you heard the story of the woman pope ? you’ve probably heard that there was one , but the details are a little skimpy . that’s true—the details are quite skimpy , even for those who have read up on the subject , or seen one of the movies about pope joan .
although pope joan is regarded by most modern historians as fictitious , she was , for several hundred years , accepted as a real , genuine pope . indeed , statues of pope joan once stood in the vatican before they were later removed , and her legend suppressed . alain boureau argues that the origins of the story likely derive from the carnival and parody traditions of the twelfth century , [ 3 ] while others have argued that the legend began as anti - papal satire . [ 4 ]
from 1434 to 1440 , joan’s brothers passed an imposter off as their sister , claiming she’d escaped execution .
how big is your family ?
wife joan , three daughters , one son and a grandson .
all the latest horse racing form , betting odds , news , breeding , jockey and trainer information for duke of chandos . duke of chandos is a gelding born in 2005 august 8 by pricelessly out of granite bay
lord , l .
the lady was a pope : a bestseller revives the outlandish tale of joan .
us news and world report . 24 jul . 2000 , volume 129 , number 4 .
↑ barbara sher tinsley ,
pope joan polemic in early modern france : the use and disabuse of myth ,
sixteenth century journal 18 ( 3 ) ( autumn 1987 ) : 381 - 398 .
during the full century and a quarter or so between the time that joan fell from her saddle and de mailly wrote of her , not a single surviving account exists of such an earth - shaking event . this makes it essentially impossible — for all practical purposes — for pope joan to have been either the real pope or a competing antipope who was well known enough to be among those who were chronicled .
query . concerning a certain pope or rather female pope , who is not set down in the list of popes or bishops of rome , because she was a woman who disguised herself as a man and became , by her character and talents , a curial secretary , then a cardinal and finally pope . one day , while mounting a horse , she gave birth to a child . immediately , by roman justice , she was bound by the feet to a horse ' s tail and dragged and stoned by the people for half a league . and where she died , there she was buried , and at the place is written :
petre , pater patrum , papisse prodito partum
[ o peter , father of fathers , betray the childbearing of the woman pope ] . at the same time , the four - day fast called the
fast of the female pope
was first established .
[ 7 ]
the earliest mention of the pope joan story was written in the 13th century . one account , by jean de mailly in 1254 ce , mentions an unnamed female pope , who supposedly reigned around 1100 ce . the better known version of the story is attributed to dominican chronicler martinus polonus in 1278 ce . this account places pope joan as ascending the papal throne in 855 ce after the death of leo iv . she reigned for two years before her sex was discovered when she gave birth on the streets of rome .
in modern times , some doctors and scholars have “diagnosed” joan of arc with disorders ranging from epilepsy to schizophrenia .
and was relocated to ireland for use as a racehorse . lord lonsdale wrote to the marquess that
he [ had ] sent him the best bred horse in the world save one ,
with the exception being swordsman .
similar rules require that only men be allowed to become priests , and so while neither the canons nor special law appear to explicitly prohibit women from becoming a pope , sufficient special law existed throughout the centuries when pope joan is said to have lived that prohibited women from attaining the prerequisite ranks of priest or deacon .
and was a leading sire in ireland . pope was the first epsom derby winner produced by his sire
at the curragh on 12 october , pope finished second in the kirwan stakes to the three - year - old colt lennox . pope by shuttle also ran , but was unplaced , in the race .
those of us who are high church protestants and who can read an understand the bible see the origins of the papacy as having biblical origins and continuing through the church fathers to the present day , but we do not recognize the authority the pope claims . the eastern orthodox churches accept the pope as : first among equals . also , we recognize the pope joan story as a myth created by protestants of that day .
in the town of mainz , germany , where it is thought the girl who might have became pope joan grew up , most people lived in mud huts . the average life span was only 30 or 40 years .
the story of the female pope in disguise is then picked up by an anonymous franciscan friar of erfurt in his chronica minor , and by the dominican inquisitor and preacher , etienne de bourbon . whilst the story of the female pope in the chronica minor is similar to that of de mailly’s , etienne de bourbon’s version includes details regarding her death . the author records that the pope gave birth in public , thus revealing her true gender , and she was subsequently dragged behind a horse for half a league and then stoned to death for her deceit .
was there a pope joan - - a woman with nerve enough to disguise herself as a man and serve as pope for more than two years in the ninth century ? it is one of the world ' s oldest mysteries . her story first appeared in histories written by medieval monks , but today the catholic church dismisses it .
martinus polonus , the dominican friar who wrote a vivid account of pope joan’s life , yet he revealed little about his sources . here he is depicted as the archbishop of gniezno , illustrated manuscript prior to 1535 . ( urltoken )
the trouble with this story is that it’s not true . sure , there are written accounts , and several clues in history that lend credence to the story . but those don’t add up to the pope joan in the story .
huizinga & apos ; s defense of joan & apos ; s voices is different from that of the catholic apologists before and after joan & apos ; s canonization , who used joan & apos ; s voices as a proof of the justice of the catholic cause—and the french one . huizinga was a dutch moravian with no particular brief for either catholicism or french nationalism .
one school of thought says the story of pope joan was invented as a cautionary tale . the lesson to women : don ' t even think about reaching for power or you will end up like her - - exposed and humiliated .
for a church that still treats women as second - class citizens , it is a source of considerable embarrassment and will once again raise the question of whether pope joan , as she is called in medieval chronicles , really did exist .
she was having contractions , the stories say . the unthinkable happened - - the pope was having a baby .
in october at newmarket , pope won the lilly - hoo stakes while carrying five more pounds in the race than the other three horses as a handicap for his derby win . the next day at the same meeting , pope
pope received 100 guineas forfeiture from mr . craven after his filly black diamond backed out of a match race .
pope ( 1806 – 29 august 1831 ) , also known as waxy pope and the sligo waxy , was a thoroughbred racehorse that won the 1809 epsom derby and was a leading sire in ireland . pope was the first epsom derby winner produced by his sire waxy , who would go on to sire three more derby winners and three winners of the epsom oaks . pope was a half - brother to the prolific broodmare penelope , the dam of the influential stallions whisker and whalebone who were also sired by waxy . pope died on 29 august 1831 at clearwell .
the chroniclers who record joan as fact include some of the most distinguished medieval figures , including bishops , archbishops and papal chamberlains .
the legend is unconfirmed . skeptics note that the first references to pope joan only appear hundreds of years after her supposed reign . however , supporters argue that the church may have attempted to erase all evidence of her existence from the historical record .
but it is pretty unlikely that joan could have become pope without being disguised as a man . the laws of the catholic church are set forth in the code of canon law . the canons make only a single reference to papal eligibility , and it ' s found in canon 349 . this is the entirety of the law governing who can become a pope :
winner turquoise ) and prudence ( the dam of reginald and rowena ) . half - siblings to pope include the mares
pope was sold to lord sligo after the 1811 racing season and was relocated to ireland where he raced until 1813 .
on 1 october during the newmarket first october meeting , pope lost a match race with his former derby rival wizard .
the other pope ( sired by shuttle ) was sold to a mr . browne and was also relocated to ireland .
the pope joan segment on prime time was excellent . for those of us that saw it , there is no doubt there was a pope joan that had a baby and that the church has tried to dismiss the reality of it ever since it happened . my question : does anybody know what happened to the child ? any information anyone has would be greatly appreciated . truth has a way of coming out . the davinci code is a curiosity , but this is history and will rock the church .
joan’s real name was jehanne d’arc , jehanne tarc , jehanne romée or possibly jehanne de vouthon—but she didn’t go by any of these .
what causes catholicism to accept these shadowy figures as real but dismiss joan as a tall tale is the fact she was a woman .
most scholars today dismiss pope joan as the medieval equivalent of an urban legend . [ 14 ] the oxford dictionary of popes acknowledges that this legend was widely believed for centuries , even among catholic circles , but declares that there is
no contemporary evidence for a female pope at any of the dates suggested for her reign ,
and goes on to say that
the known facts of the respective periods make it impossible to fit [ a female pope ] in .
[ 15 ]
whatever the facts , the absolute answer to whether there was a pope joan is lost to history , but i think it ' s best to err on the side of the null hypothesis . it ' s improbable that a woman in such a rank could have kept her gender a secret for so much of her life , but it strains credibility that an event like the pope turning out to be a woman — and her subsequent execution — evaded being recorded by all but a scant handful of writers . for now , pope joan is best left where most historians consider her : in the fiction aisle at your local german bookstore .
pope joan is a medieval religious leader believed by some to have been a female pontiff who reigned over the roman catholic church , who dismisses her as myth . she allegedly assumed the name john anglicus , disguising herself as a man and eventually becoming pope . it is believed that her story was discovered when she gave birth to her child , which led to her immediate execution .
from martinus onwards , the story of pope joan became more and more elaborate . one version of the story , for instance , claims that the pope did not die immediately after giving birth . instead , she was deposed after her confinement , and did penance for many years . after her death , she was buried in ostia , where her son held the office of bishop .
most accounts say she died soon after – but once again the details differ . the original account refers to a more gruesome death in which joan was bound to a horse , dragged and stoned as punishment for her deception . over time many writers have retold her story in works of fiction and non - fiction ( including a recent movie staring david wenham ) , while others have rejected it as a myth .
1992 american derby record setter the name’s jimmy died march 7 at old friends thoroughbred retirement center in georgetown , kentucky . the 25 year old son of encino out of the grey dawn mare dancing at dawn was undergoing treatment for mobility issues . due to their increased severity , dr . joan gariboldi of hagyard equine medical institute and old friends president michael blowen determined that humane euthanization was in the horse’s best interest .
after falling into enemy hands in 1430 , joan of arc was tried in the english stronghold of rouen by an ecclesiastical court . the 70 charges against her ranged from sorcery to horse theft , but by may 1431 they had been whittled down to just 12 , most related to her wearing of men’s clothing and claims that god had directly contacted her . offered life imprisonment in exchange for an admission of guilt , joan signed a document confessing her alleged sins and promising to change her ways . ( it has been speculated that the illiterate joan never knew what she’d put her name—or , more accurately , her mark of a cross—to . ) several days later , possibly due to threats of violence or rape from her guards , joan put her male attire back on ; she then told the angry judges who visited her cell that her voices had reappeared . it was these two acts that earned joan a conviction as a “relapsed heretic” and sent her to the stake .
at the first spring meeting at newmarket , pope finished second and last in a £50 subscription stakes and the following day won a £50 subscription stakes . later at the same meeting , pope finished third ( but not officially placed ) in £50 subscription handicap plate , losing to the colt cambric and the horse salvator . in october in newmarket , pope won a subscription race against burleigh and salvator . and a few weeks later walked over in a subscription race for six - year - olds and forfeited the oatlands stakes . at the houghton meeting in october , pope finished second in the garden stakes to the three - year - old colt truffle , received a forfeit from mr . andrew ' s mare morel and finished second in a 100 - guinea sweepstakes race .
the first dream of joan of arc was dreamed by her father . he saw his daughter traveling with an army : a camp follower .
wood , clement . the woman who was pope . new york city : wm . faro , inc . , 1931 .
on 21 may at newmarket , pope beat mr . shakespeare ' s colt harpocrates in a 200 - guinea match race .
according to the legend , a woman disguised herself as a monk and then rose through the ranks until she was elected to the see of rome . according to the earliest printed retelling of the story , credited to a dominican priest named jean demallie , joan went into labor while riding a horse , and was killed either by an angry mob , or perhaps by , well , going into labor on a horse . another dominican priest named stephen of bourbon retold the story , calling this pope
john
. in this version , she is discovered upon giving birth , this time during a holy processional . she was subsequently stoned to death and then buried as befitting a woman lying about being a man ( much less ascending to the rank of pope ) . a different account suggests she and the baby were not stoned ; instead , she was incarcerated and her son later became a bishop and had his mother buried in a cathedral .
but the romans were wilier than that and - depending on which chronicler you read - in their outrage they stoned the treacherous mother and her child to death , or tied her to the legs of a horse to be dragged through the streets of the city until she was dead .
joan , then , came into a world tainted with political and economic disorder , and the moral tone of the society reflected this . abuses were rampant ; the countryside starved while the king & apos ; s court was luxurious . the atmosphere of the time was a dark cloud of depression and entropy . it is against this gray - brown background that the girl in white armor , on her black horse , placed herself .
the burgundian marauders were the ones whose effect joan and her family most closely felt . in 1425 the burgundians , and some english , drove off the cattle of the inhabitants of domrémy , and the church was burned and plundered ; 1425 was the year that joan first heard her voices . the juxtaposition of joan & apos ; s first experience of civil violence and the onset of her puberty may be one of those historical accidents that suggest more than they finally explain . but , no doubt , the witnessing of hatred and disorder at a vulnerable time in her life marked joan permanently . in 1428 , months before she left domrémy on her mission to crown the dauphin , her family had to flee their home for the neighboring town of neufchâtel as a result of burgundian marauders . it was here that joan worked at the inn of a woman called la rousse , generating later rumors that she had consorted with soldiers . it was here , and no earlier , that she learned to ride a horse .
what about the carvings in the celing of st . peter ' s church in rome that are claimed to be of joan and her child ?
popes at that time were often elected by popular acclaim of roman citizens and , thanks to leo ' s patronage , joan got the nod .
it is not known whether the story of pope joan is true . the first known reference to her occurs in the thirteenth century , 350 years after her supposed reign . around this time her image also began to appear as the high priestess card in the tarot deck .
in 1675 , a book appeared in english entitled a present for a papist : or the life and death of pope joan , plainly proving out of the printed copies , and manscriptes of popish writers and others , that a woman called joan , was really pope of rome , and was there deliver ' d of a bastard son in the open street as she went in solemn procession . the book describes among other stories , an account of the purported pope joan giving birth to a son in plain view of all those around , accompanied by a detailed engraving showing a rather surprised looking baby peeking out from under the pope ' s robes . the book was penned
by a lover of truth , denying human infallibility .
according to the preface the author had been
many years since deceased
and was
highly preferred in the church of rome .
furthermore , the preface indicates that the book was first printed in 1602 .
now if the author would have stated that
according to tradition peter was the first pope
, that would be true .
pope , painted in 1824 by henry bernard chalon when he was standing in ireland under the name
the sligo waxy .
pope ( foreground ) and wizard running in the 1809 derby in a contemporary engraving based on a painting by john nott sartorius .
as the primary written sources themselves indicate a certain amount of doubt regarding the story of pope joan , it is possible that the story is but an urban legend . yet , others believe that there are ‘hints’ of this female pope’s existence in art and architecture . for instance , on the pillars of bernini’s baldalchin in st . peter’s basilica in the vatican city , seven sculptures showing a woman’s facial expression whilst going into labour can be found . the eighth sculpture is that of a child . some have interpreted this as that pope joan giving birth . yet , there are numerous other possible interpretations of this scene that are conveniently ignored . the most popular one , for instance , is that the woman is the niece of pope urban viii , who went into labour whilst bernini was working on the baldalchin .
as pope john was walking between st . peter’s and the church of the lateran in rome , she began to falter . and then she gave birth ! the event blew her cover , and when the surrounding crowd realized that the pope was actually a woman , they threw rocks at her , killing both her and her child . or maybe she was dragged behind a horse until she died . or maybe she was sentenced to be hanged . or maybe she survived the ordeal , and was driven from the vatican to be confined in a nunnery .
an old tarot card called la papessa is thought to be fashioned after pope joan . it represents hidden knowledge and unseen forces . others say that is a misunderstanding , and the card originally represented the mother church . in any case , most decks changed the title to the priestess .
polonus writes :
the lord pope always turns aside from the street . . . because of the abhorrence of the event .
in 1601 , pope clement viii declared the legend of the female pope to be untrue . the famous bust of her , inscribed johannes viii , femina ex anglia , which had been carved for the series of papal figures in the duomo of siena about 1400 and was noted by travelers , was either destroyed or recarved and relabeled , replaced by a male figure , of pope zachary . [ 13 ]
alain boureau quotes the humanist jacopo d ' angelo de scarparia who visited rome in 1406 for the enthronement of gregory xii in which the pope sat briefly on two
pierced chairs
at the lateran :
the vulgar tell the insane fable that he is touched to verify that he is indeed a man
a sign that this corollary of the pope joan legend was still current in the roman street . [ 21 ]
there are too many problems with the
pope joan
story to believe it . for one thing , the dates never add up . historians have never been able to pin down exactly when she would have lived , and the earliest sources referencing the legend all seem to disagree on the date . more importantly , the very idea of
pope
joan is impossible -
antipope
, perhaps , but not
pope
. for a woman to be a pope is a metaphysical impossibility - the prohibition on a woman holding the position isn ' t just a matter of administration , it ' s considered a fixed reality , akin to the law of gravity . even if the entire college of cardinals voted today to establish a woman as
pope
, she could never hold the position , by the mere fact of being a woman . if a woman claimed to be pope , or was claimed to be a pope by others , the best she could do is
antipope
- a false pope . yes , it ' s possible that people could have mistaken a woman for a man , but upon discovery of said
pope
' s true gender , the church would have immediately declared the entire papal reign invalid ! no such action was ever documented to have occured because a
pope
was revealed to have been a woman . there have been papal reigns declared invalid , for various reasons , but all of those are well - documented and highly public cases . there ' s also no explanation for why this story didn ' t seem to cause any sort of stir until hundreds of years after it allegedly took place . the revelation of a female
pope
would have caused an unprecedented theolical mess . if she had
ordained
any bishops , their ordinations would have become invalid , and any pronouncements she had made would have been rescinded . the simple fact is that such changes could not have avoided major documentation . far from attempting to
hide
or
cover up
antipope joan , the church would have been forced to bring it into the open and deal with the major problems created by it . even if you accept the ( preposterous ) legend as true , the idea that there ever was a
pope
joan is manifestly false . the best we could possibly do is antipope joan , and there ' s no evidence of that .
from the mid - thirteenth century onwards , then , the legend was widely disseminated and believed . joan was used as an exemplum in dominican preaching . bartolomeo platina , scholar of the vatican library , wrote his vitæ pontificum platinæ historici liber de vita christi ac omnium pontificum qui hactenus ducenti fuere et xx in 1479 at the behest of his patron , pope sixtus iv . the book contains the following account of the female pope :
↑ j . p . kirsch catholic encyclopedia : popess joan ( new york : robert appleton co . , 1910 ) . retrieved december 28 , 2007 .
there were a couple of times when a newly chosen pope would sit on a chair with a hole that resembled a toilet , called the sede stercoraria . since the pope joan story was pretty well - known , it was assumed by many that an examination of a new pope’s testicles had arisen from that scandal to make sure the pope was indeed male . such a throne was used in the installation of pope paschal ii in 1099 and gregory xii in 1406 . the general consensus among historians is that both chairs , which may have once been toilets or birthing chairs , were taken from royal or imperial estates and were used due to their lavish appearance or their historical connections . another school of thought is that any such examination was to make sure the new pope was intact and had not been castrated in accordance with deuteronomy 23 : 1 . however , one would think that if any such examination occurred , it would be before a priest rose to the level of cardinal .
your comment here oops ! i ' m short of words . my first question is
if really pope joan or pope john ever existed , during the time of her pregnancy their must surly be sign that the so called male pope is actually a she pope .
my second question
if all this tale is a lie or true , why did the catholic church accept her existence later denied the allegations . their is an evidence of truth or lie in the whole story , come to think if it , who was the man that impregnated her ? the names of the man was not mentioned in any of the manuscript i read . i ' m a curious person in need fat and concrete evidence
) finished fourth . goodisson reportedly only made one bet for the race , for his mount pope to win against 8 to 1 odds .
as pope john viii she ruled for two years . however , while riding one day from st . peter ' s to the lateran , she had to stop by the side of the road and supposedly gave birth to a child . according to one legend , upon discovering the pope ' s true gender , the people of rome tied her feet together and dragged her behind a horse while stoning her , until she died . another legend has it that she was sent to a faraway convent to repent her sins and that the child she bore grew up to become the bishop of ostia .