bubble gum fellow , ( japanese : バブルガムフェロー , 11 april 1993 – 26 april 2010 ) was a japanese thoroughbred racehorse and sire .

in 1995 he was rated the best juvenile colt of his generation in japan when he won three of his four races including the grade i asahi hai sansai stakes .

in the following spring he won the spring stakes and then returned from a lengthy injury absence to win the autumn edition of the tenno sho .

in 1997 he added wins in the naruo kinen and the mainichi okan before being retired to stud at the end of the season .

apart from his wins he finished second in the takarazuka kinen and third in the japan cup .

he had modest success as a breeding stallion in japan and australia before dying in 2010 at the age of seventeen .

bubble gum fellow

caleb mordue , a . k . a . bubble gum bart , appreciated the lyric stylings of “bubble gum goo” the most and had fun spraying his bubble gum goo ( silly string ) on his fellow cast members .
technical analyst russ montgomery ( played by tyler james williams ) : like , chewing bubble gum .
timber country and bubble gum fellow had minimal impact in australia , but the shadai farms - controlled pair had success march 12 on both sides of the tasman sea .
jim bouton : rob is a very good bubble - gum fryer . he did a beautiful job frying it .
provided to youtube by the orchard enterprises for he ' s jolly good fellow · bubble gum singers happy birthday party ℗ 2013 magic gold records released on : 2013 - 12 - 18 auto - generated by youtube .
the performance was full of catchy tunes like “glo - glo - glorious , ” “sticky situation , ” and “bubble gum goo . ”
( when talking about bungee gum )
my aura has qualities of both gum and rubber . ♥
[ 75 ]
jim bouton : wrigley company , they sold their interest to ford gum . so rob is now with ford gum . it’s no longer with wrigley .
candy ride’s dam is a daughter of the stakes - placed blushing groom horse candy stripes , who was 2nd in the french guineas and is a half - brother to french 2yo g1 winner intimiste and top japanese colt bubble gum fellow , from the immediate family of the top california mare sangue .
the most successful of fall aspen ' s remarkable brood currently resides at shadai ' s lex stud , his fee ¥1 , 500 , 000 . bubble gum fellow , a dual tenno sho ( jpn - i ) winner and japan cup third , commands the same season price at the breeders stallion station .
pickabee ( 09f , bubble gum fellow , sackford ) . 5 wins to 1350m , a $ 150 , 980 , brc kirks h . , mount franklin sparkling h . , racing retro p . , carlton mid h . , 2d brc grinders coffee h . , 3d brc juanmo s . , l .
farmington — a trio of misunderstood villains , bubble gum bart and his grunch bunch , rambled into farmington community center determined to stop christmas for the citizens of the fictional town of snowy gulch .
bubble gum fellow ( jpn ) b . h , 1993 { 1 - b } dp = 9 - 1 - 20 - 0 - 0 ( 30 ) di = 2 . 00 cd = 0 . 63 - 13 starts , 7 wins , 2 places , 3 shows career earnings : ¥554 , 430 , 000
church on sunday , by bubble gum fellow . placed at 3 , 2d ajc provident capital p . , stc cleo ladies day p . , tooheys new p . , 3d stc solo sprint h . half - sister to sanziro , flying object . dam of six named foals , five to race , four winners , inc : -
jim bouton : we were clearly against chewing tobacco and that was the whole motivation for rob’s idea . anything would be better than chewing tobacco , and wouldn’t bubble gum be a better idea to begin with ?
jim bouton and rob nelson say it was pure luck that the two of them sat in the portland mavericks bullpen one night in 1977 and came up with an idea : shredded bubble gum . in a pouch .
are named after his favorite brand of chewing gum and a snack with novelty gag stickers respectively .
rob nelson : it’s been almost five years now and i’m really well pleased . getting back to that quality component , ron ream told me , “the ford gum guys just know how to make gum . ”
emmalene ( 08f , bubble gum fellow , sackford ) . 4 wins at 1000m , 1200m , a $ 251 , 700 , vrc gucci s . , l , brc urltoken h . , winning edge corporate awards h . , 2d brc juanmo s . , l , gctc magic millions sprint h . , atc tj ' s champagne bar h . , 4th gold coast guineas , gr . 3 .
rob nelson : when i was a little kid , i was enamored with bubble gum . i always blew a lot of bubbles . one of my heroes as an 11 - year - old was the second baseman for the chicago white sox . nellie fox , hall of famer . he was known for two things : he used a big , thick - handled bat , and he chewed an enormous amount of tobacco . so , his bubble - gum trading card showed this big bulge in his cheek . i kind of wanted to look like that , and of course i didn’t want to get ill , and i was too young anyway . but i always chewed a lot of bubble gum to look like nellie fox , and i’d always use nellie fox’s bat .
jim bouton : i drew a picture of a pouch with my picture on the front ; very crude . and the idea was to create a pouch with shredded bubble gum , as opposed to a pouch that had chewing tobacco : a healthy alternative to chewing tobacco .
“bubble gum bart and his shady outlaw friends have always been picked on . once they arrive at snowy gulch , they find a christmas celebration going on and they decide to stop it , ” said kara mckean , a fifth - grade teacher at farmington elementary . “they cover some of the townspeople in bubble gum goo , and the rest of the townspeople send a text to santa claus to ask for help . the christmas day kid comes and rescues the town by talking to bart and inviting him to join in the celebration . ”
j . t . snow ( retired mlb first baseman ) : it was actually in high school that i started chewing gum . like most people , i tried to be cool and dip . most guys were dipping the tobacco and i just couldn’t do it . i threw up a couple of times . a friend of our family gave me a big box of gum and just said , “here , chew gum ; sunflower seeds and gum . ” so , i just started chewing gum , and it kind of kept me away from the tobacco and then it actually kind of relaxed me . it kind of took my mind off things while i was standing in the field , just chewing gum and blowing bubbles .
in march 1996 , mayano top gun was matched against the 1993 japanese horse of the year narita brian in the hanshin daishoten and was beaten into second place . in june at kyoto he recorded his biggest success as a four - year - old when he won the takarazuka kinen over 2200 metres , beating sunday branch and the mare dance partner . later in the year he finished second to bubble gum fellow in the autumn edition of the tenno sho .
dirk hayhurst : it wasn’t like when i was a kid i chewed bubble gum because i saw big leaguers chew bubble gum , or i saw them chew tobacco . it was more that . i saw other people chewing it . the cool kids had big league chew and i wanted to be like them . they had their franklin batting gloves that you get if you mailed in the back of a big league chew pouch . i was like , i don’t have those and they have them . so it became , like , a total imitation thing .
a jockey school classmate of yutaka take , ebina registered 30 wins in his debut season in 1987 . he steadily increased his annual wins before capturing his first grade - race title in 1992 in the february handicap with russian gold . his first g1 victory came with bubble gum fellow in the 1996 tenno sho ( autumn ) , and two years later he scored 136 wins to become the champion jockey of the kanto area , a feat he repeated in 1999 and again in 2001 .
it is said that he named both of his techniques after a candy brand and a chewing gum brand he liked when he was a kid , [ 5 ] implying that they may have been named
texture surprise
and
bungee gum
respectively .
rockabubble is a 4 - year - old from the first of two crops left by bubble gum fellow , when the sunday silence son commuted between shadai and chatswood stud in victoria . breeder s . stiles sold her for $ 57 , 500 ( nz funds ) as a yearling at the 2002 new zealand premier , the buyer her original trainer paul o ' sullivan . rockabubble was moved to the barn of tony cole last december . her most important success is her sixth win from 14 starts .
candy vale , by bubble gum fellow . 6 wins from 1200m to 1700m , a $ 559 , 525 , mvrc sunline s . , gr . 2 , vrc long tan h . , bigpond h . , mrc noel rundle h . , super kilshery h . , 2d vrc australian cup , gr . 1 , mrc tristarc s . , gr . 2 . half - sister to mr . garrison . dam of 6 named foals , 5 to race , 3 winners , inc : -
a day later , jenkins found that equipment man yosh kawano had filled the top of his locker with wrigley ' s spearmint gum .
genuine left the dual gr . 1 winner pompeii ruler ( queen elizabeth stakes , australian cup ) and chester manifold winner rok posa ; bubble gum fellow left australian gr . 2 winners candy vale and confectioner and nz gr . 1 winner rockabubble ( dam of listed winner rock magic ) , while fuji kiseki sired the south african gr . 1 winner sun classique , who also won the sheema classic - gr . 1 in dubai and died in august after leaving four colts at stud in australia for patinack farm .
several of sunday silence’s japanese bred sons stood here , notably the gr . 1 winners fuji kiseki ( jpn ) for arrowfield , bubble gum fellow ( jpn ) , also arrowfield , genuine ( jpn ) ( at chatswood ) and tayasu tsuyoshi ( jpn ) ( kambula , sa ) . tayasu tsuyoshi left dual gr . 1 winner hollow bullet ( vrc oaks , arrowfield stud stakes ) , sajc sires - gr . 3 winner isanami , oaklands plate winner nozi and dual coongy handicap - gr . 3 winner baughurst .
in fact , netizens are slamming the show for painting a stereotypical portrayal of singapore . think chewing gum ban and you get the idea .
so , in the new study , a researcher chewed a piece of gum for 30 minutes . the researchers then took that gum and washed it with ethanol and let it sit . they then added a solution of carbon nanotubes that ultimately allowed the gum to have sensing abilities . when they tested it , they found that the material could detect body motion and humidity changes , which could be used to track breathing .
he is a half brother to 1995 japanese champion 2 - year - old male bubble gum fellow ( by sunday silence ) , to 1989 criterium de saint - cloud ( fr - i ) winner intimiste ( by arctic tern ) and to multiple french stakes winner basiluzzo ( by arctic tern ) . he is also a half brother to bubble prospector ( by miswaki ) , dam of japanese stakes winners manic sunday ( by sunday silence ) , win schneid ( by sunday silence ) and that ' s the plenty ( by dance in the dark ) and second dam of four stakes winners including 2004 japanese champion 2 - year - old filly shonan peintre and french group iii winner love and bubbles . bubble prospector is also the third dam of 2012 tokyo yushun ( japanese derby , jpn - i ) winner deep brillante , japanese group ii winner shonan achieve and multiple italian group iii winner fontanelice .
tanner swanson ( son of jim swanson ; now assistant baseball coach at the university of washington ) : my dad has one of those bubble - gum pouches framed . i guess it’s a reminder to him , kind of a joke . i don’t know if he framed it or if rob framed it , but it’s hanging on his wall .
the deadpan satirical humour from mrbrown , who takes on the persona of kim huat ,
singapore ' s no . 1 police tv show fan
, has left viewers in stitches and drawn approval from fellow singaporeans .
rob nelson : i read an article in people magazine about a small company in arlington , texas that was selling a kit where you could make your own bubble gum . what are the odds of me reading that article ? what are the odds of that business existing ? i don’t even know if they were in operation much after i bought a case of the gum . nobody from arlington , texas has ever been in touch with me saying , “that was my dad ! ” so , i might have been the only one who ever bought a case of gum from them . but good for me , and probably not so good for them . it came , and i went to the fred meyer grocery store near the ballpark . i got some maple extract and some root beer extract , because i thought , okay , it’s got to be bubble gum but it probably would be a bit more authentic if it were brown because i really wanted it to be the fun alternative to chewing tobacco .
jim bouton : rob was in the bullpen and he was sitting around , and he was talking about his idea for shredded bubble gum as a healthy alternative to chewing tobacco . i said , “i think that’s a great idea , rob . ” he said , “yeah ? can you help me with it ? ” and i said , “sure . ”
the research is still in early stages , but the researchers have shown it could work . see the video below for what the chewing gum wearable looks like .
also , the second name of bungee gum ,
elastic love
, may be seen as a reference to hisoka ' s personality : the ease with which the gum is attached and detached to someone mirrors the interest that hisoka has in a person , which can be extremely deep and still end at any moment . [ 36 ]
wearables are capable of all sorts of things nowadays , from measuring our steps to our sleep behaviors . now , scientists have created a more flexible wearable made from chewing gum .
dirk hayhurst ( retired mlb pitcher , author of three books ) : no one is going to let a kid walk into a grocery store and pick up tobacco and let them buy that product . there’s a pretty strong separation between , this is you eating a dangerous product , and this is you eating bubble gum because you are pretending to be a big - league baseball player . i feel like in the pantology there , adults naturally assume that children will go from children chewing gum to delinquent tobacco users instantaneously , and there’s a lot of stuff that comes in between there .
rob nelson : for a couple years i was the pitching coach for portland state university . i took the batch of homemade gum to the portland state guys ; they loved the packaging . they took a couple of chomps on the gum and they said , “yeah , ah , great idea nellie . good luck with that one . ” it was terrible .
in the 1999 anime adaptation it is stated during his battle with gon on the 200 th floor of heaven ' s arena that hisoka chewed
bungee gum
a lot as a child , but because his family was poor he often chewed it until it lost all flavor . he later named his signature gum technique after the brand . in the manga and 2011 adaption however , it is only said that he named both of his techniques after a candy brand and a chewing gum brand he liked when he was a kid . [ 5 ]
his string of jra award winners include shinko lovely ( 1993 best older filly or mare ) , bubble gum fellow ( 1995 best two - year - old colt ) , taiki shuttle ( 1998 horse of the year , best older colt or horse , best sprinter or miler ) , stinger ( 1998 best two - year old filly ) , symboli kris s ( 2002 - 2003 horse of the year , 2002 best three - year - old colt , 2003 best older colt or horse ) , zenno rob roy ( 2004 horse of the year , best older colt or horse ) , and dance in the mood ( 2004 best three - year - old filly , 2006 best older filly or mare ) .
graham chernoff ( son of patent attorney dan chernoff ) : my dad was a pretty gregarious person , easy to talk to . rob approached him and said , “hey , my fellow baseball player jim bouton and i , we have this idea and we’ve talked with a number of attorneys , but they are telling us there’s no way we can protect it , protect the idea of shredded bubble gum . ” and dad said , “why don’t you come in and let me learn a little bit more about it . but i think i have an idea : instead of a patent , go with a trademark with the name and the packaging and protect it that way . so you can take the idea to companies . ”
rob nelson : i had one good idea . i had a great partner who had a business background and was as tenacious off the field as he was on the field . they say it takes a village . well , it took a bunch of teammates and a lot of smart people to get big league chew out there and yet here we are talking . i’m like the willie wonka of bubble gum . sometimes i have to pinch myself .
his string of jra award winners includes shinko lovely ( 1993 best older filly or mare ) , bubble gum fellow ( 1995 best two - year - old colt ) , taiki shuttle ( 1997 best sprinter or miler , 1998 horse of the year , best older colt or horse and best sprinter or miler ) , stinger ( 1998 best two - year old filly ) , symboli kris s ( 2002 - 2003 horse of the year , 2002 best three - year - old colt and 2003 best older colt or horse ) , zenno rob roy ( 2004 horse of the year and best older colt or horse ) , and dance in the mood ( 2004 best three - year - old filly and 2006 best older filly or mare ) .
american tv drama criminal minds : beyond borders features singapore in one of its episodes , but netizens are not happy . they have called it inaccurate and stereotypical . enter local blogger mrbrown , who gave a hilarious comeback to certain scenes in the episode that has riled up many fellow singaporeans here .
i wasn’t a very talented baseball player . i probably led my little league in strikeouts , but i was a very popular draft pick . i was always selected in the top round , i think because the kids knew i had an unlimited supply of bubble gum . and that’s what i did with it . i’d always bring big league chew to my baseball games and just give it out . so i was , by far , the most popular kid in my little league .
jim bouton : so big league chew was rolled out in the spring of 1980 . amurol was a subsidiary , it was an $ 8 million dollar subsidiary , they had about 18 products which consisted mostly of sugarless gum . in the first year , big league chew sold $ 18 million dollars of gum . so , in other words , big league chew was twice as big as the company that was taking the license !
rob nelson : fellow pitchers in the bullpen were having dopey competitions that involved chewing and spitting tobacco for distance and accuracy . jim bouton asked me if i ever chewed tobacco , because we both looked at these guys with disgust and disdain , and i told jim i had tried it once . it was maybe an inning or two later and i said to jim , “i thought for a long time it would be cool to have shredded gum , so we could look as cool as these guys but not make ourselves sick . ”
in a new report published in the american chemical society’s journal , applied materials & interfaces , scientists at the university of manitoba showed how they were able to make a highly stretchable and sensitive sensor out of chewing gum .
ron ream : the fortunate thing was the chemistry of the gum was dictated by how it had to perform . i’m a chemist by profession so i had to develop a gum that was totally unique to all chewing gums . it could not stick together because the shreds were in a pouch . if it was like normal chewing gum , then it would stick together in the pouch and it wouldn’t remain in shreds . that was one of the big problems that i had to face . that’s been one of the reasons why there’s been no competition for 30 years , because it’s a secret formula that does not stick together in the pouch . so that was part of what we brought to the party with jim and rob .
ron ream ( chemist , vp of marketing and corporate development for amurol products 1979 - 2004 , owner of mybigleaguechew . com ) : i had been working on a method to make shredded gum in a pouch starting in 1977 . i had worked for two years to try and find a way to do it . it was very difficult . i had just completed a pilot manufacturing system that was successful at putting shreds in a pouch when we were contacted by jim bouton and rob nelson . they came to the company that i was working at and they said , “we have a wonderful idea , big league chew , shredded bubble gum in a pouch . we said , “we are really glad to see you because we just figured out how to make it ! ” it was a wonderful marriage .
dam of listed stakes winner seattle sangue ( by seattle slew ) and second dam of three stakes winners including grade iii winner perfect cat . bubble company is also a half sister to beauvoir ( by artaius ) , second dam of brazilian group iii winner urupema . bubble company and her sisters are out of 1972 prix saint - alary ( fr - i ) winner prodice ( by prominer ) , who was runner - up in the 1972 prix de diane ( french oaks , fr - i ) and is a half sister to belle d ' ici ( by beaugency ) , second dam of two - time peruvian champion filly marshmellow .
jim bouton : whenever you’ve got a successful idea , there’s always people who are trying to get a piece of it . so , it’s expensive ; at this point it had more to do with the legal business than the food or gum business .
jim bouton : so i went to work trying to find somebody who would take a license for big league chew , shredded bubble gum . i went to topps and fleers . we had meetings and they said , “oh , it’s a nice idea , bouton , but i don’t think people are going to be interested in that . ” finally , after about six months to a year , i finally found a company called amurol . amurol products . they were a subsidiary of the wrigley company . they were specializing in sugarless candy . evidently they were not doing that well in sugarless candy .
i remember when i had the first taste of big league chew . jim and i laughed about it – i can’t believe this idea became what it was ! when i saw the real pouch , saw the brilliance of bill mayer’s art , that’s when it hit me : wow , i’m really in business here . then the postcards started coming in – “hey rob , i saw your gum in a fishing tackle place in maine ! ” – and i realized : okay , so i’m not in the big leagues . but my gum is .
jim bouton : i flew out to chicago , and i met with the president of amurol . they wanted to give it a try and test it out . there was a small convenience store , a 7 - eleven in naperville , illinois , and they put 15 or 20 pouches of big league chew on the shelf . so we dropped it off at this convenience store , and then we went to lunch with the amurol people . a . g . atwater was one of them . we were having lunch , and the idea was after lunch we would observe children and see how they responded to shredded bubble gum .
much of the outrage over the episode was spurred by the blatant ignorance and portrayal of inaccurate stereotypes , such as the sensationalisation of singapore ' s chewing gum ban and the assumption that singaporeans converse mainly in mandarin , which further perpetuates the common western misconception that singapore is located in china .
jim swanson : rob will deny it , but bouton probably won’t . we are sitting in the bullpen one day and rob came in . we were all spitting , and they didn’t chew and he didn’t smoke cigarettes ; we were all spitting tobacco on his shoes all the time . he got sick and tired of that , so he wanted to invent something like bubble gum . he said , “i got a great idea , you guys . bouton and i . if we all invest a certain amount of money we can get a patent on it . ” i said , “that’s the stupidest thing i’ve ever heard . ” i laughed at him and walked away .
he then confronts gotoh , amane and canary , who are left behind after killua uses his godspeed ability to escape with alluka . gotoh tells the other butlers to go ahead and let him deal with hisoka . at first , his bungee gum ability seems to be neutralized by gotoh ' s ability to fire coins with power superior to bullets , but hisoka manages to adapt quickly and uses his bungee gum to fire the coins back , forcing him to shoot more coins to deflect them , with that distraction hisoka is able to drop in on him and slit his throat . [ 75 ]
todd field : in february of 1979 , rob arrived at my parents’ house with a gum - making kit that he ordered out of the back of a magazine ; a bunch of empty red man pouches he’d dummied up and re - art directed ; some licorice flavor ; and brown food coloring .
after the fight , hisoka pays machi to reattach both his arms , concealing the seams with a combination of bungee gum and texture surprise . it is revealed that hisoka pretended to be holding back against the kastro by concealing part of his aura with in , and that he resorted to his brutal magic tricks to prevent kastro from figuring it out . when his right arm was severed , he connected it to the stump with bungee gum , whereas he linked the right one to kastro ' s chin . he used the same ability to send the cards he had previously scattered on the ground flying at kastro , setting the technique up during another magic trick .
rock magic ( 09g , bubble gum fellow , rory ' s jester ) . 15 wins to 1400m to 2017 - 18 , a $ 1 , 309 , 316 , watc colonel reeves s . , gr . 3 , prince of wales s . , gr . 3 , roma cup , gr . 3 - twice , belmont sprint , gr . 3 , beaufine s . , l , farnley s . , l , idyllic prince s . , l , atc become an atc sponsor h . , tab number 1 club h . , watc paul quartermaine 60th birthday h . , perth racing on facebook & twitter h . , urltoken h . , 2d watc colonel reeves s . , gr . 3 , hg bolton sprint , l , belmont newmarket h . , l , westspeed sprint h . , 3d watc winterbottom s . , gr . 1 , mrc schillaci s . , gr . 2 , northam s . , l , watc beaufine s . , l , idyllic prince s . , l , scenic blast s . , l , atc kokoda h . , scone rc segenhoe stud h . , 4th vrc newmarket h . , gr . 1 , mvrc aj moir s . , gr . 1 , william reid s . , gr . 1 .
one day , a fellow performer , abaki , is attacked by a serial killer john doe , but hisoka rescues her . he slices her assailant ' s eye , but believes that eye to have been fake . after this , he begins developing his hatsu . some days later , he performs in front of the head of the glam clan , authority of glam gas land . after the performance , he confronts moritonio outside where he accuses him of being john doe . moritonio confesses , and the two begin a duel . moritonio seem to have the advantage at first , but hisoka , having developed gyo , manages to figure out that moritonio transmutes his aura into magnetic bars which crush the opponent . hisoka uses his newly - created hatsu ability , bungee gum , to send the poles flying back to moritonio , killing him . [ 91 ]
rob nelson : i have a piece of paper where todd and his sister , his mom and dad , we all signed the thing : “first batch ever of big league chew gum . ” it’s a piece of loose - leaf paper . like everybody , i have a storage bin of crates and stuff . i’ll never find that sheet of paper .
in his book ,
the cubs of ' 69 ,
former chicago tribune sports columnist rick talley tells the story of jenkins , a fresh - faced 23 - year old in 1966 , standing on the mound at wrigley field blowing bubbles with his gum as he pitched . cub owner p . k . wrigley was watching the game on television .
unlike durocher , who griped within earshot of young after the game ,
my three - year - old could have caught those balls ,
jenkins didn ' t have a temper tantrum about the defensive lapses . nor did he let durocher bother him too much , even when leo at another point during the 1969 collapse called jenkins a
quitter
- an interesting choice of words considering jenkins ' record . from all accounts , jenkins was a mild - mannered fellow who just went out every fourth day and did his job .
rob nelson : i had no cooking skills . i’m just not handy in the kitchen . the gum came in a container like dinner rolls , aluminum on the top and you unraveled the container like a cardboard thing . so , it was like a big thing of dough . i mixed up the ingredients and when it came out it looked like very thin brownies .
offensively , bungee gum can be used to pull the opponent towards hisoka [ 37 ] or to create flail - like weapons . [ 81 ] he can also separate it from his body , in which case it will tear after a maximum stretch of 10 meters . [ 90 ] he most commonly detaches it from his body to attach projectiles to his opponent , such as his shu - enhanced cards , while concealing it with in . [ 5 ] the combination of the latter technique and bungee gum allows hisoka to lay multi - layered traps that spring all at once , killing the unsuspecting opponent in a flash . [ 5 ] [ 75 ] he has also emitted it to restrain individuals as powerful as machi . [ 84 ]
j . t . snow : big league chew . we used to get it as kids . we used to go to the local liquor store , and we used to think we were cool because we’d put a big wad in our mouth like we were major league ballplayers . i got a lot of good feedback from chewing gum , and i was very superstitious about it .
hisoka understands how chrollo managed to make the head explode and quickly decapitates another puppet . using bungee gum through his legs , he starts walking on the sides of a stand , destroying more puppets from that position before running away . however , he finds multiple explosive puppets waiting for him . although he survives the explosion , he is blasted in the air towards another stand filled with chrollo ' s explosive puppets . the loss of a leg prevents him from escaping to the ceiling , but before he can project bungee gum from his other leg , chrollo throws two spectators at him , causing him to fall back into the ring . as the puppets prepare to attack him , hisoka prepares for his death and is soon engulfed in an explosion . [ 83 ]
steve green ( senior vp for sales and marketing , ford gum ) : i was familiar with the brand , having 25 years in the industry . i knew a little about the backstory on it . anything we could bring into our plant of this magnitude was certainly attractive to us . we now sell big league chew all over the world . anywhere that baseball is popular seems to be a potential market for us .
jim bouton : the next part of this story is that rob and i had a difference of opinion on expanding the name “big league . ” i realized “big league” was a great name for a trademark and it was available . so rob and i were always back and forth , in a friendly way , and rob would say , “let’s just stick with the gum . ” rob didn’t want to spend any more money .
greeting her rather cheerfully after coming back to life , she confirms that he was indeed dead for some time , after which hisoka admits that fighting someone of chrollo ' s league and hundreds of nen puppets at the same time was more than he could chew , referring to the experience as a
wake up call
as a result . he then proceeds to mend and hide his wounds , whilst simultaneously replacing his missing arm and leg using bungee gum and texture surprise . after saying that his next opponents won ' t have a choice in where and who they fight , he restrains machi using bungee gum before he leaves , telling her that he shall kill all members of the phantom troupe . struggling to get out , she shouts and swears at hisoka , saying she ' ll kill him herself , before hisoka makes his exit . [ 84 ]
at ascot in perth , west australia , widden stud ' s deceased gr1 golden slipper - winning stallion stratum ( redoutes choice - bourgeois , by luskin star ) celebrated an elite success when 4yo gelding takedown ( stratum - apamea , by zafonic ) scored by 0 . 25 length for trainer gary moore and jockey tim clark in the $ 1 million gr1 winterbottom stakes ( 1200m ) for 3yo + , over 5yo mare sheidel ( holy roman emperor - laventour , by metal storm ) & 7yo gelding rock magic ( redoute ' s choice - rockabubble , by bubble gum fellow ) . takedown , who was retained to race by his breeders widden stud and robert anderson , improved his record to 7 wins ( including the gr2 premiere stakes , gr2 the shorts , gr3 gold coast guineas , gr3 the schweppervescence & gr3 black opal stakes ) and 6 placings ( including the gr2 atc arrowfield 3yo sprint stakes ) from 20 starts for $ 1 , 450 , 000 earnings . for gary moore , son of legendary australian jockey george moore , the victory was his first gr1 winner as a trainer .
to win this great race , my first group one as a trainer , i think my dad would be very proud ,
he told sky racing . moore said takedown would now head to hong kong for the gr1 hong kong sprint at sha tin in december .
we have to give him a go . he ' s a gelding , he ' s had a wind operation , he ' s at the top of his game , we have to go [ to hong kong ] ,
he said .
we were ice cream men and we were pool boys . we survived on fat frogs and choco - tacos and chlorine . three of us had hair down to our asses . one of us had sideburns as thick as the rinds of ribeyes . it was summer in chicago , 1995 — the year of that awful heat - wave that took the lives of nearly 800 people over the course of five days . my ice cream truck was ancient and rickety and door - less , an old converted mail truck ; a hole had rusted through the bottom , and the exhaust would seep inside as i tried to drown out the tinny repetition of “the entertainer , ” with my bon jovi cassettes , trying , and failing , to keep cool with my 16 sno - cone - a - day fix . as i drove the streets peddling shitty ice cream embedded with spheres of frozen chewing gum — screwballs and bubble plays and bubble o’bills — lusting after the bikini - clad , crimped - haired daughters of attorneys and surgeons , as they as they ate their ice cream in front of me before returning to giant lawns and their headfirst dives across their slip ’n’ slides and crocodile miles and wet bananas , i felt a strange urgency toward some nebulous sense of adulthood . i felt as if i couldn’t keep up this lifestyle forever — peddling strawberry - flavored carrageenan on a stick ; cleaning leaves and band - aids and sometimes much worse from apartment complex swimming pools with ragged green nets ; sucking exhaust , eating sno - cones , lusting from afar .
todd field : i met rob in 1975 . i was 11 years old and i went to his baseball camp at grant park . i had an unusually lovely older sister , peggy , who rob– their eyes met and fireworks went off . so i was a really happy recipient of a lot of special attention from rob , already a big hero of mine , because he was sweet on my sister . it’s safe to say i’ve never met a greater bubble blower than rob nelson , and he was an exotic character , the most exotic character i had met at the time .
hisoka admires gon ' s rock ecstatically . when razor manages to deflect his throw , hisoka snatches the ball with bungee gum , forcing him to use up his freebie . [ 65 ] to retrieve the ball from razor , gon , hisoka , and killua create a three - person formation [ 66 ] where hisoka is in charge of preventing the ball from bouncing off after gon catches it . they succeed and gon shoots the ball with his last , most powerful rock . [ 67 ] razor bumps it back at him , but gon passes out from exhaustion , so the ball misses him . hisoka catches and throws it back with bungee gum , sticking it to razor ' s hands so he cannot deflect it again , at the cost of 10 broken fingers . razor is pushed out of bounds , resulting in the team ' s victory . [ 68 ] hisoka leaves them , and his parting words cause killua to realize he was indeed lying . [ 69 ]
hisoka pretends not to know what spells are and takes the group to the nearby aiai , where he spends his free time , to find other players . however , the romantic clichés prove to be too distracting . killua begins to suspect that hisoka has met other members of the phantom troupe on the island and is hiding it from everyone . when gon asks him to check his contacts to know if he has met tsezguerra , hisoka conceals the names of the spiders with texture surprise . he contacts the single - star hunter for the group . [ 57 ] they form an alliance and hisoka volunteers to play soccer juggling on account of his bungee gum . after one week , they head to soufrabi . [ 59 ] the group wins three games , after which razor challenges the remaining players to a dodgeball match . when razor kills a rebellious bopobo , hisoka reveals to his team the game is taking place in real life . [ 61 ] shortly after the start of the game , gon gives hisoka the ball , so he can throw it and retrieve it with bungee gum . [ 62 ] he eliminates one of razor ' s devils , but razor combines two of them to prevent him from getting the ball back . [ 63 ] he narrowly escapes a shoot ball thrown by razor , which is then intercepted by one of his demons . hisoka catches its throw with the aid of bungee gum , at the cost of breaking two fingers . [ 64 ]
rob nelson : i found an art studio in portland to make a sample pouch for me . we had jim’s cartoon likeness on the pouch and it said , “jim bouton , yankee great , best gum i’ve ever tried . ” and jim went shopping it around . i was playing ball back in south africa , and then i eventually played ball in australia , and then ended up in england . but in the early days , i was either back in cape town or in sydney .
so , after lunch we came back , and we looked around and said to the store manager , “what happened to the gum ? didn’t you put it out ? ” he said , “yes , and it was gone in ten minutes . they cleaned us out . ” a . g . atwater and i didn’t get a chance to watch the kids eat it ! so then we sat down and started talking about big league chew as an idea and we were in a negotiation back and forth .
todd field : so , it wasn’t until the next season , in 1977 , that he brought it up again . rob said , “should it be in a tin ? ” and i didn’t know what he was talking about . rob said , “the gum ! like , copenhagen or skoal ? ” and i said , “not if you want kids to chew it . you dip from a tin , you chew from a pouch . ” he already , clearly , had given this a lot of thought .
with my fellow long - haired friends , i would talk of growing up , growing out of the phases imposed upon us by this cloistered suburban chicago upbringing . we would talk past midnight in basements over oxidized crown royal raided from our parents’ liquor cabinets , or over coffee and pie in diners named forsey’s and white alps and the around the clock . we would talk in the only way that 20 - year - old boys like us could talk — desperately shoehorning any kind of saccharine , moony romanticism into our lives , sometimes while lying on our backs , in a field we nicknamed the pit , saying words like oceanic and better than this and rebellion and fine dining , while imposing all manner of heavy - handed significance on the stars shooting above us .
hisoka is a transmuter [ 36 ] endowed with a powerful , sinister aura that disquieted wing [ 35 ] and gon even after the latter learned nen . [ 37 ] he manifests his high level of proficiency in his natural category primarily through his nen ability , bungee gum , but he has also shown to be very proficient at controlling the shape of his aura , [ 29 ] which is a transmutation skill . [ 89 ] this aptitude may be what allows him to extend strands of elastic aura over distances of several meters without flinging them , which makes its application more subtle . [ 5 ] [ 37 ] [ 80 ] he is also well - versed in conjuration , the nen type of his second ability , as well as emission and , seemingly , enhancement . he utilizes the former to maintain aura around projectiles [ 29 ] as well as in conjunction with bungee gum , to separate the ability from his body . [ 37 ] [ 84 ] his affinity for enhancement manifests primarily as a remarkable level of durability . hisoka survived multiple nen - enhanced strikes from kastro , an enhancer , without using his aura to defend . [ 31 ] although he was briefly stunned , [ 80 ] hisoka took no visible damage from most of chrollo ' s attacks , [ 1 ] [ 79 ] [ 80 ] one of which can allegedly behead a person with a knifehand strike , [ 44 ] despite hisoka having been unable to predict them and thus to guard properly . he seems to have resorted to manipulation on one occasion , exploiting the boost enjoyed by nen after death to impart an automatic command to his bungee gum . [ 84 ]
charlie squinted . pushed up his glasses with his middle finger , which i thought was intentional . he took one step , then another toward our table . we held our menus , and our breaths . soon , he was upon us . his glasses fell to the tip of his nose and he pushed them up again , this time with his thumb . he put his hands on his hips . the flower arrangement flanked his head like a halo ; he looked vengeful , and bemused , and planetary . he opened his mouth . his jowl shuddered like james dickey’s sheriff character at the end of deliverance . i did not once think of bubble o’bill . he began nodding , and with each nod , his smile grew . he reached for our menus , plucked them from our hands . i felt naked and excited .
my dad would go on in the locker room and he had more than one occasion where he’s standing there and there’s this big strapping guy — 26 or 27 - years - old — and he’s got a wife and a little baby at home . this guy would be reduced to tears and say , “joe , i can’t quit . i can’t stop . ” it just broke his heart . so that’s really what fueled his campaign to end spit tobacco , and what compounds it is now , when he sees the foil pouches of gum , shaved to be like loose - leaf tobacco , is that kids at age six can start emulating chewing tobacco .
on the day of the match , hisoka can barely contain his excitement . he easily repels all of gon ' s attacks without moving from his original position , until gon uses a flagstone as a diversion and succeeds in punching him in the face . [ 35 ] hisoka accepts to take his badge back . he deduces gon is an enhancer and explains his personality - based nen test , revealing he is a transmuter . he then begins to fight for real , surpassing gon in both speed and strength . when gon attempts to keep his distance , hisoka pulls him towards himself with bungee gum and punches him hard . [ 36 ] he offers to let gon strike him if he can tell him when he attached bungee gum , giving him three options , only to reveal the correct one was a fourth one , and that gon could not have prevented him from using the ability . realizing he cannot escape , gon charges at him . hisoka is so delighted with his initiative he has a hard time preventing himself from killing him , letting himself be beaten up by gon until he regains his composure . while gon complains to the judge , he attaches the strand of aura on gon ' s cheek to a rock and tricks him into being hit , winning the match . he then leaves after telling gon that the next time they fight , it will be to the death . [ 37 ]
he lands one more hit with the other head , forcing chrollo to retreat . unable to give chase , hisoka disables more puppets and tries to figure out chrollo ' s next move basing on whether order stamp and gallery fake are deactivated . when the stamp disappears from the head of a puppet , hisoka manages to track down chrollo in the audience , immobilizing him with bungee gum . however , he notices something is off and swiftly attacks him with the head . it is revealed the one he killed was a spectator chrollo had been controlling with black voice and to whom he had given his appearance with convert hands . however , as gallery fake is still active , hisoka realizes that the copies on which the sun and moon has been affixed will not disappear even if chrollo is using other abilities . [ 81 ] he moves back to the center of the arena , guessing chrollo will have to launch an assault with all his puppets lest they be mistaken for injured spectators by the rescue personnel . in fact , chrollo steals the announcer ' s microphone and orders to
break hisoka
, causing all the puppets with the stamp to rush at hisoka , who proceeds to destroy them using the head as projectile and by attaching bungee gum to multiple puppets and using them as a hammer . suddenly , however , the head he was gripping explodes in his hand , heavily injuring it and obliterating four of his fingers . [ 82 ]


carcharocles chubutensis , meaning " glorious shark of chubut " , from ancient greek : κλέϝος ( kléwos ) “ glory/fame ” + καρχαρίας ( karkharías ) “ shark ” , is a prehistoric megatoothed shark that lived during oligocene , miocene , and pliocene epochs , approximately 28 – 5 million years ago .

this shark is considered to be a close relative of another prehistoric megatoothed shark , c. megalodon .

however , as is the case with c. megalodon , the classification of this species is disputed .

carcharocles chubutensis

carcharocles chubutensis fossil shark teeth are distinguishable from similar species because their side cusplets are almost merged with the main blade . the fossilized teeth of carcharocles chubutensis can reach lengths near six inches .
like elosha stated , carcharocles chubutensis vanished more or less at the same time than the last stem - physeteroids .
2a . order : lamniformes - > family : otodontidae - > genus : carcharocles ( ie . carcharocles megalodon )
carcharocles chubutensis was the dominant shark species during the miocene epoch , about 15 to 26 million years ago . also known as the giant great white shark , carcharocles chubutensis was huge predator that fed on whales . its success as a species was due to an abundance of food and specialized tools , especially its sharply serrated , gigantic teeth . c . chubutensis is in the evolutionary line of extinct sharks that gave rise to carcharocles megalodon ( recently carcharodon megalodon ) . in this lineage , carcharocles chubutensis is the predecessor of megalodon , preceeded by carcharocles auriculatus , the eocene giant great white shark , and carcharocles angustidens , the oligocene giant great white shark . .
this catalogue contains extinct giant great shark teeth fossils , species carcharocles chubutensis . click the images to see more about each carcharocles chubutensis , extinct giant great shark tooth , specimen . click the page numbers to see additional extinct giant great white shark teeth for sale from lowcountry geologic .
a quality , classic bone valley chubutensis tooth from polk co . , florida .
a top quality , classic bone valley chubutensis tooth from polk co . , florida .
4 . carcharocles chubutensis : 3 . 4 inch tooth from aurora , north carolina . lived during the miocene epoch , about 26 to 15 million years ago .
despite carcharocles chubutensis sharing it ' s habitat with its larger c . megalodon competitor it was a highly successful species , existing more than 20 + million years and dying out only a few million years before c . megalodon . the average size of carcharocles chubutensis was ~ 12 . 2 meters ( 40 feet ) in length .
a top quality , chubutensis tooth , a megalodon predecessor . a great collector ' s tooth !
6 . meg ' s most recent ancestor carcharodon subauriculatus , also known as carcharocles chubutensis ( approximately 28 to 22 mya as a species , and 28 to 5 mya as a morpho species .
chubutensis was the precursor of the megalodon and had small side cusplets or bumps . the crown has a great
3 . chronospecies theory - > carcharocles megalodon is one species that gradually evolved over time .
buried treasure fossils offers an excellent selection of top quality chubutensis teeth for sale . chubutensis is the predecessor of the megalodon shark . this megatooth shark lived during the late oligocene and miocene . the chubutensis teeth exhibits small cutting edge
bumps
at the base of the crown which are remnants of side cusps that completely disappear with the megalodon shark teeth . we offer chubutensis teeth from florida , lee creek ( aurora nc ) , no . carolina , peru , and so . carolina . authenticity guaranteed .
teeth from carcharocles chubutensis , the predecessor of the megalodon . these teeth are from the early miocene pungo river fm . ( like the lee creek site ) , but are found in the northern part of the state known for the copper
c . chubutensis is another short - lived chronospecies . it bridges the loss of of the lateral cusps that characterises c . megalodon .
the distinct bite mark on this carcharocles chubutensis tooth clearly indicates this shark was locked in battle with an equally formidable adversary . whether is was for territorial reasons or a possibly a dispute occurred while feeding upon a whale , we will never know .
the megatoothed sharks have been pretty much beaten to death on this website , however , carcharocles has long begged for its own genus page . taxa assigned to carcharocles continue the morphing of tooth - designs reflected in the otodus - carcharocles chronospecies . with that said , this page picks - up where the otodus page and segue slideshow left off .
meg ' s most recent ancestor , carcharodon subauriculatus , also known as carcharocles chubutensis . size : 4 - 1 / 8 inches . found in cooper river , sc . age : mid miocene . from private collection of jeff mcmanus . photo by author .
this table provides a brief point - counterpoint synopsis of some of the arguments on both sides of the carcharodon - carcharocles debate .
the
family : otodontidae genus : carcharocles supporters
, tend to suggest that megalodon is a descendant of otodus obliquus , and that great white sharks had a separate and unrelated evolution from ancient mako sharks ( ie . isurus hastalis , the broad - tooth mako ) . these supports suggest that the similarities between great white and megalodon teeth are superficial at best and include some noticeable morphometric difference , with the one of the most noticeable probably being the chevron shaped bourlette that is absent in makos and great white teeth but present on megalodon and his proposed ancestors ) . the suggested lineage from this camp goes as follows : otodus obliquus - > otodus aksuaticus - > carcharocles auriculatus - > carcharocles angustidens - > carcharocles chubutensis - > carcharocles megalodon . other supporters of this classification system agree with the evolutionary order but not the genus designation , as they do not recognize the need to use the genus “carcharocles” described in 1923 . these latter supports use the genus “otodus” to describe otodus obliquus and his subsequent descendents ( ie . otodus auriculatus , otodus angustidens , otodus chubutensis , otodus megalodon ) .
a quality , classic bone valley chubutensis tooth from polk co . , florida . chubutensis was the precursor of the megalodon and had small side cusplets or bumps . the crown has a fantastic charcoal gray colored enamel . the bourlette is black and mostly complete and the root is an off white . great color ! no hydration cracks ! the serrations are sharp and nearly complete . authenticity guaranteed . an incredibly colored chubutensis tooth . an excellent bone valley chub from the
early days .
carcharocles chubutensis was a gigantic prehistoric
megatoothed
shark which thrived within earth ' s oceans during the oligocene - miocene time period , approximately 28 - 5 million years ago . research has concluded carcharocles chubutensis was very closely related to an even larger predator , carcharadon megalodon , which also swam the oceans during the same approximate time period . however , since a shark ' s skeletal system is composed not of bone but cartilage , skeletal fossils are extremely rare as cartilage rarely fossilizes , so making ancestral comparisons between sharks is very difficult . this is the reason why shark teeth are so important to the fossil record .
name : carcharocles / carcharodon chubutensis . phonetic : kar - ka - roe - clees / kar - ka - roe - don chu - bu - ten - sis . named by : louis agassiz  -  1843 . synonyms : carcharodon mexicanus ,  carcharodon productus ,  megaselachus chubutensis . classification : chordata ,  chondrichthyes ,  elasmobranchii ,  lamniformes . species : c .  chubutensis . diet : carnivore . size : estimated at up to 12 . 2 meters long . known locations : worldwide . time period : chattian of the oligocene through to the messinian of the miocene . fossil representation : mostly teeth but some vertebral centra are also known .
2 . carcharocles auriculatus : 3 . 4 inch tooth from south carolina . lived during the eocene epoch , about 55 to 45 million years ago .
a high quality , 2 - 1 / 2
classic lee creek chubutensis tooth - lower jaw anterior tooth . this chubutensis has a tan colored crown with a light brown bourlette . high quality enamel . excellent color ! the bourlette looks great , and is complete . the serrations are sharp with a good tip serration . the root is an excellent light tan color and complete with essentially no hydration cracks . this chubutensis was found in the pungo river formation , lee creek mine , nc ( miocene age = 14 . 5 mya ) . an excellent example of a classic lee creek chubutensis tooth considering the shape , color , and preservation . an excellent collector ' s tooth from the old days at lee creek mine ! no repair ! authenticity guaranteed .
a top quality , 2 - 3 / 4
classic lee creek chubutensis tooth - upper jaw anterior tooth . this chubutensis has an incredible tan colored crown with a light brown bourlette . highest quality enamel . exceptional color ! the bourlette looks great , and is complete . the serrations are razor sharp with an excellent tip serration . the root is an excellent light tan color and complete with essentially no hydration cracks . this chubutensis was found in the pungo river formation , lee creek mine , nc ( miocene age = 14 . 5 mya ) . an excellent example of a classic lee creek chubutensis tooth considering the shape , color , and preservation . an exceptional collector ' s tooth from the old days at lee creek mine ! no repair ! authenticity guaranteed .
3 . carcharocles angustidens : 3 . 4 inch tooth from south carolina . lived during the late eocene to oligocene epochs , about 45 to 28 million years ago
a high quality , 3 - 5 / 8
classic lee creek chubutensis tooth - upper jaw anterior tooth - extra large size ! this chubutensis has an excellent tan colored crown with a brown bourlette . high quality enamel . exceptional color ! the bourlette looks great , but it is missing the enamel veneer . the serrations are extra large and razor sharp . the root is an excellent brown color and complete with essentially no hydration cracks . this chubutensis was found in the pungo river formation , lee creek mine , nc ( miocene age = 14 . 5 mya ) . an excellent example of a classic lee creek chubutensis tooth considering the shape , color , and preservation . an excellent collector ' s tooth from the old days at lee creek mine ! no repair ! authenticity guaranteed .
4 . meg ancestor carcharodon auriculatus , also known as carcharocles auriculatus ( approximately 50 to 42 mya , ) . this shark is only found in the middle eocene .
chubutensis was the precursor of the megalodon and had small side cusplets or bumps . the crown has a great black colored enamel . the bourlette is charcoal gray colored & complete and the root is white .
c .  chubutensis would have been an active apex predator in its own right ,  however it had to share the prehistoric oceans with not just raptorial sperm whales but an even bigger closely related shark called c .  megalodon .  despite this competition ,  c .  chubutensis managed to survive for about twenty - three million years in the fossil record disappearing only a few million years before c .  megalodon itself went extinct .  not only did c .  chubutensis share the seas with c .  megalodom ,  the two sharks were also related to one another with the majority of researchers thinking that they had a common lineage within the carcharocles genus .  this places c .  chubutensis within an informal group known as the megatoothed sharks which also include carcharocles angustidens and carcharocles auriculatus .  however some researchers think that all of these megatoothed sharks actually belong within the carcharocles genus that includes the great white shark .  this belief is based upon the superficial similarity of all these sharks which is centred on all of the teeth being triangular and serrated .  counter to this theory however is the closer inspection of the megatoothed shark teeth that reveal several key differences between them and the teeth of the great white .  additionally the teeth of different members also show a reduction in teeth cusps that correlates with the appearance and disappearance of different species .  for example ,  one of the earliest members ,  c .  auriculatus has well defined tooth cusps .  c .  angustidens which is later has reduced cusps ,  and the teeth of c .  chubutensis and c .  megalodon have no cusps at all .  this is why some researchers place the megatoothed sharks separate from the great white by placing them within the carcharocles genus .  doing so also suggests a lineage of the megatoothed sharks going back to another large prehistoric shark called otodus .
maybe it is really related to the rarefaction in diversity and increase in size of giants baleen , whereas carcharocles was still able to adapt and large enough to stalk even rorquals .
the teeth i’m going to talk about are all from the shark genera otodus and carcharocles . there are many paleontologists ( including me ) that believe that otodus and carcharocles are a more - or - less continuous evolutionary series that shows gradual changes from the paleocene to the pliocene . this is not universally accepted , and there are many paleontologists who believe that the similarities between otodus and carcharocles are convergences or sympleisiomorphies ( in fact , they place carcharocles into synonymy with carcharodon ) . i’m not going to get into that debate here , but if you’re interested there is discussion about it at urltoken . at any rate , the exact phylogeny has little effect on the biostratigraphic and sedimentologic principles we’re looking at here .
chubutensis was the precursor of the megalodon and had small side cusplets or bumps . the crown has a great tan colored enamel . the bourlette is light brown colored & complete and the root is light brown . great
5 . carcharocles megalodon : 3 . 5 inch tooth from georgia . lived during the late oligocene to early pleistocene epochs , about approximately 28 to 1 . 5 million years ago .
this is a ranking of the top ten biggest ( = heaviest ) marine predators . i ' ve also posted a blog , i ' d like if you read it . here ' s the blog : urltoken sources : liopleurodon being too small for this list : urltoken predator x size : urltoken ( knutsen and duckmiller , revised it at 12 - 13m . ) description paper : urltoken pliosaurus macromerus size : urltoken urltoken pliosaurus kevani , another pliosaur which could have made it in this list ( i made this video before it was discovered ) : urltoken shonisaurus and shatasaurus slender bodys : see image and here : urltoken basilosaurus cetiodes slender body : urltoken however , i think this is too low , because we ' ve found a skull , who indicates a lengh of 23m and for such a lengh , that ' s too low ! i think ~ 20t are reliable . carcharocles chubutensis size : urltoken temnodontosaurus platyodon ' s size : the monster of aramberri ' s size : urltoken sperm whale size : urltoken livyatan melvillei facts : urltoken urltoken urltoken carcharocles megalodon ' s body mass : urltoken urltoken urltoken a newly discovered 17 , 9 m specimen : urltoken btw : i should have changed chubutensis and temnodontosaurus rank . tags : top ten biggest = heaviestmarine predators predator x carcharocles megalodon carcharocles chubutensis pliosaurus macromerus kronosaurus liopleurodon ferox livyatan melvillei shatasaurus sikanniensis shonisaurus popularis temnodontosaurus platyodon physeter macrocephalus sperm whale blue whale basilosaurus cetoides the monster of aramberri
three teeth - see scale = 1 inch . from left to right : otodus obliquus , bed 1 , aktulagay , northwest kazakhstan , earliest early eocene . carcharocles aksuaticus , bed 3 , aktulagay , northwest kazakhstan , mid - early eocene . carcharocles auriculatus , bed 5 , aktulagay , northwest kazakhstan , mid - early eocene . photo and specimens : david j . ward .
it has not been described bigger or more powerful than carcharocles , and curiously , the status of
biggest tetrapod bite
only exclude c . megalodon of all the giants predators known . . .
by the way , i hate these ridiculous fake reproductions . it ' s because of this crap that so much persons are biased toward carcharocles sharks and believe that everything about this species is exaggerated .
yet another evolutionary concept suggested by shark researcher , david ward , is that megalodon is chronospecies . in this concept , carchocles megalodon is in fact the only member of it’s evolutionary tree and is the same species as otodus obliquus , c . auriculatus , c . angustidens , and c . chubutensis . the idea here is that carcharocles megalodon was a single species that lived from the paleocene to pliocene epochs and gradually changed during this time .
glikman ( 1964 ) accepted casier ' s opinions . he recognized the transition from obliquus to auriculatus and moved the latter and angustidens to otodus . however glikman considered the loss of lateral cusplets significant and erected a separate genus megaselachus for chubutensis & megalodon .
a top quality , 3
classic lee creek chubutensis tooth ( predecessor of megalodon ) - anterior tooth . this chubutensis has an incredible light tan colored crown with a light brown bourlette . highest quality enamel with a few hydration cracks . excellent color ! the bourlette is excellent . the serrations are razor sharp - near perfect with needle - like tip serration . excellent serrations - razor sharp ! the root is an excellent light tan color and absolutely complete . this chubutensis was found in the pungo river formation , lee creek mine , nc ( miocene age = 14 . 5 mya ) . one of the finest examples of a classic lee creek megs considering the shape , color , and preservation . an exceptional collector ' s tooth from the old days at lee creek mine ! no repair !
carcharocles auriculatus , bracklesham bay , uk . middle eocene . size : 1 - 1 / 4 inches . note gradational serra which are not continuous over the tip of crown . photo and specimen by david j . ward .
an exceptional , large , classic lee creek carcharocles chubutensis , a c . megalodon predecessor - lower jaw principal anterior tooth . this early megalodon was found in the pungo river formation ( middle miocene age ) . note the crown exhibits large cusplike bumps at the base of the serrated edge and the root ends also show grooves where the teeth interlocked . these are characteristic traits of the lee creek early meg - c . chubutensis . a gorgeous light tan colored crown with an excellent white bourlette . the bourlette is large and complete . no enamel peel . the serrations are long , razor sharp , and essentially complete including a needle - like tip serration . highest quality enamel ! the root is an excellent light gray color and complete . an exceptional collector ' s tooth .
again , there are several names applied to these teeth ( c . auriculatus , c . angustidens , and c . chubutensis are the most common ones ) , but they all have serrated crowns and lateral cusps . they range from the middle eocene to the middle miocene .
carcharocles : this genus was originally erected by jordan & hanibal ( 1923 ) for those teeth of the ( presumed ) carcharodon lineage possessing lateral cups . he chose for his type , squalus auriculatus ( blainville 1818 ) . this usage was not universally adopted and virtually forgotten . casier ( 1960 ) realised the morphological differences between the teeth of recent carcharodon and those of what is now known as the carcharocles lineage , and erected the genus procarcharodon . he included the species auriculatus , angustidens and megalodon , with
c
. angustidens as the type . this usage was taken up by most workers until it became evident in the 1980 ' s that it was a junior synonym of carcharocles .
i think it was just luck . when i went to the cases and pulled out specimens for the post , i picked ones that had the visible ( easily photographed ) features i wanted , like serrations . i really didn’t realize the sizes were like that until i was organizing the photos for the post . i have plenty of reworked otodus and carcharocles that are just as large as the fresh ones shown here ( although our very largest carcharocles are all fresh ) .
with teeth that could reach over 7 inches and a body more massive than a t - rex , megatooth sharks , particularly carcharocles megalodon , are undoubtedly the most infamous of all prehistoric sharks . this shark could eat jaws in one bite ! most paleontologists believe the megatooth shark lineage dates back to the giant mackerel shark of the paleocene , otodus obliquus . otodus was the top predator of the paleocene oceans . throughout the eocene otodus teeth became more and more serrated . the eocene tologaysor ( say that 3 times in a row ) formation in kazakhstan shows this transition nicely . each zone of the formation has otodus teeth that are slightly more serrated over geologic time until they start looking like an early carcharocles tooth . once the otodus teeth became mostly serrated , paleontologists renamed the serrated otodus genus to the carcharocles genus , and thus the carcharocles genus arose . where the genus transition occurs depends on which paleontologist you ask . for instance , one transitional form , o . aksuaticus is called c . askuaticus by some ; others regard c . auriculatus to be o . auriculatus . regardless of which transitional form is officially called a carcharocles is a moot point . it is clear the megatooth shark lineage ( carcharocles ) was born from the otodus lineage . megalodon is not related to the great white shark . their evolutionary lines are very different . to learn about great white shark origins and evolution , go to the great white shark gallery page .
given the specimens and information available to me as i write this ( and with all due respect to drs . applegate , compagno , maisey , and purdy ) , i am inclined to side with the carcharocles cartel , pending further evidence .
carcharocles megalodon ( “megalodon” ) is the largest shark that ever lived . based on its distribution , dental morphology , and associated fauna , it has been suggested that this species was a cosmopolitan apex predator that fed on marine . . . more
a top quality , classic lee creek chubutensis tooth - upper jaw anterior tooth . this megalodon has an incredible light tan colored crown with an excellent light brown bourlette . highest quality enamel . excellent color ! the bourlette is excellent and perfect . the serrations are razor sharp , near perfect , with an excellent tip serration . excellent serrations - razor sharp ! the root is an excellent light tan color with essentially no hydration cracks , very wide , and absolutely complete . also note the interesting small side cusps - a miocene megalodon predecessor trait . this chubutensis was found in the pungo river formation , lee creek mine , nc ( miocene age = 14 . 5 mya ) . one of the finest examples of a classic lee creek chubutensis tooth considering the shape , color , and preservation . an exceptional collector ' s tooth from the old days at lee creek mine ! no repair !
with all this said , i am the furthest thing from an expert , but from the evidence and literature i have read , i personally believe that megalodon is part of the otodus / carcharocles lineage . i can also consider that it could be a chronospecies that gradually evolved over time , without the intermediates having a clearly defined
stop
of one species and “start” of another . this typically gradual change and adaptation is how i think of evolution anyway . it would make a funny cartoon strip though… with a picture of an ancient shark talking to a shark dentist who looks in his mouth and says “oh you must be a carcharocles auriculatus by the looks of things” , and the shark replies back “no , i am a carcharocles angustidens today , but yesterday i was a carcharocles auriculatus” . maybe i am the only one that thinks this would be funny ? anyway , i just don’t think it works like that . who knows ! i enjoy collecting them no matter how they are classified .
an extra large , top quality , classic lee creek chubutensis tooth ( predecessor of megalodon ) - upper jaw anterior tooth . another december 2017 fossil fo the month . this chubutensis has an incredible light gray colored crown with fades to a golden tan . the bourlette is essentially complete and a great light brown color . highest quality enamel with a no hydration cracks . exceptional color ! the serrations are razor sharp - near perfect with a needle - like tip serration . the root is an excellent light tan color and absolutely complete . this chubutensis was found in the pungo river formation , lee creek mine , nc ( miocene age = 14 . 5 mya ) . no repair ! authenticity guaranteeed . one of the finest examples of a classic lee creek megs considering the shape , color , and preservation . incredible size and eye appeal . an exceptional collector ' s tooth from the old days at lee creek mine !
this is the final species of the carcharocles lineage , and ranges from the middle miocene to the early pliocene . they have serrate crowns and no lateral cusps ( although there is sometimes a wrinkle in the enamel where the lateral cusp would be located ) .
on a related point , there are nominally a large number of carcharocles species currently floating around in the literature . the species problem in paleontology generally and shark tooth nomenclature specifically are also worthy topics of discussion , that i’m not going to talk about right now . but since these carcharocles species are based on small differences that are difficult to identify in reworked specimens , they grade into one another , and some of them are of questionable validity anyway , we’re going to use a greatly simplified system that suits our purposes .
tooth on left : otodus obliquus . morocco , earliest eocene . tooth on right : carcharocles aksuaticus from bed 3 , aktulagay , nw kazakhstan , mid - early eocene . size : 1 - 3 / 4 inches . photo and specimens : david j . ward .
our july fotm week 2 offering - an ultra rare , extra large copper red colored chubutensis tooth - an upper jaw anterior position . a monster sized 3 - 3 / 4
chubutensis tooth . rare copper red colors with rich reds and red - brown colors . the bourlette is very good . the serrations are sharp with a worn tip . excellent color ! incredible size and excellent overall condition . of course , there is no repair or restoration . authenticity guaranteed . an ultra rare collector ' s tooth from the no . carolina copper red site . we will not see many teeth from the copper red site and no chubs like this one !
- origin of
megalodon
: megalodon teeth were first identified as shark ' s teeth by danish naturalist , nicolaus steno , in 1667 . it was not until 1835 that swiss naturalist , louis agassiz , proposed the scientific name of carcharodon megalodon in his research recherches sur les poissons fossils ( research on the fossil fish ) . in 1923 the genus carcharocles was proposed by d . d . jordon and h . hannibal for classification of the auriculatus species ( carcharocles auriculatus ) and later proponents suggested megalodon also should be included in this genus .
7 . carcharodon megalodon , also known as carcharocles megalodon ( 30 to 2 or 3 mya ) . ( most of the oldest meg teeth date back to about 18 mya , but david j . ward has an oligocene meg tooth from the chandler bridge formation of summerville , south carolina . )
c . megalodon , as suggested above , is the morphology where the lateral cusplets are absent . upper teeth of carcharocles from the late oligocene chandler bridge fm . of south carolina sometimes lack cusplets so technically must be called c . megalodon , however this trend is not normally seen until the early miocene .
a tooth , intermediate in shape between carcharocles aksuaticus and c . auriculatus , mid - early eocene , egem , belgium . size : 1 - 3 / 4 inches . note ; this is not typical of those currently being collected , which tend to be rather less serrated . photo and specimen rick johnson .
russian workers , particularly zhelezko ( 1999 ) argue that the transition between otodus and carcharocles , the acquisition of a serrated crown , is not sufficient to change the genus . this argument has some merit and the debate is not over . in this case the names used are less important than the understanding of the lineage .
from their composition , the most likely source for the hawthorn group sediments at the montbrook site was from erosion of older ( early to middle miocene ) , marine deposits of the hawthorn group . as evidence of this , a waterworn tooth of the early miocene shark carcharocles chubutensis was found in place at the montbrook site in early 2016 . as the marine sediments of the hawthorn group are frequently rich in fossils of marine sharks , rays , and bony fish , fossils of marine species at montbrook must be analyzed carefully to determine if they are reworked and not contemporaneous with the fossils of freshwater and land amimals found at the site . species that are believed to be reworked from older deposits are not including the faunal list of montbrook taxa .
name : carcharocles megalodon in greek is : carcharocles :
famed for jaggedness
and megalodon :
big tooth
discovery : megalodon teeth have been found throughout history . pliny the elder , around 70 ad , beleived shark teeth were triangular objects dropped from the sky during lunar eclipses . in the middle ages , europeans thought they were
tongue stones
or petrified tongues of dragons and snakes . megalodon teeth were worn as pendants and used in medicine . native americans used shark teeth , including megalodon teeth as necklaces and tools such as scrapers . the actual name
megalodon
was named by louis agassiz in 1843 . location : nearly global : megalodon lived globally in the warm oceans of the miocene and pliocene . fossils of c . megalodon have been found on every continent except antarctica age : middle - miocene to pliocene ( approximately 16 to 2 . 6 million years ago ) megalodon evolved from carcharocles subauriculatus sometime in the miocene and became extinct at the end of the pliocene 2 . 6 million years ago . it is not alive today , and has been dead for millions of years .
a tooth , intermediate in shape between carcharocles aksuaticus and c . auriculatus , bed 5 , aktulagay , northwest kazakhstan , middle to early eocene . the serrations are a little too irregular and the lateral cusps ragged enough for a classical middle eocene c . auriculatus . size : 1 - 1 / 2 inches . location : potomac river , virginia . photo and specimen rick johnson .
the opposing school insists just as strongly that megalodon is derived from cretolamna via otodus , and that carcharodon derived from a separate lineage . further , ' carcharodon ' orientalis belongs in its own genus , paleocarcharodon , and was an evolutionary dead end that did not give rise to any extant shark . thus megalodon belongs in a separate genus ( carcharocles ) and family ( otodontidae ) from the modern white shark :
these are a few examples of the hypothesized carcharocles megalodon evolution . i am sure some will chime in that not everyone agrees on this evolutionary chain , but i for one think it is very plausible ( see below for some information on other suggested classifications ) . the teeth are from different location and are all in the 3 . 4 inch to 3 . 5 inch range . it took me quite a while to put this set of similar sized top quality teeth together .
over time the megatooth shark went through slight morphological changes . the teeth became more regularly serrated , the otodus cusps got smaller , the crown got broader , and the overall size increased . paleontologists assigned each slight tooth change of the megatooth shark to a new carcharocles species . the megatooth shark reached its high mark as c . megalodon , a shark of monstrous proportions . a very rough chronology of megatooth species , leading to the megalodon is shown below on the following table :
carcharocles is known from isolated and / or associated ( chubutensis & megalodon ) teeth and vertebrae . the teeth become more triangular in shape over time . prior to the pliocene , they bear triangular and divergent lateral cusplets diminishing in size in later chronospecies . the dentition begins ( aksuaticus through sokolovi ) as a tearing - design 4 and slowly evolves into a cutting - design . the anteriors are upright , but the laterals ( and posteriors ) become more inclined distally . insufficient associated dentitions preclude a precise dental formula . however , it can be generally described as having three upper & lower anteriors and at least eight latero - posteriors . the first five laterals can be readily traced over time , but the difference between them and adjacent anteriors gradually diminishes . teeth from the reduced posterior positions may vary in count . there appears to have been a loss of file - positions ( one or two posteriors ) over the ages . there is no evidence , or reason to believe , that this dentition included intermediate teeth 5 . the accompanying associated dentition provides a guide for establishing tooth position .
. when the megalodon was first described based on fossil teeth in 1843 , it was put in the same genus as the great white shark , carcharodon . they both had big , serrated teeth and were the marine apex predators of their time . so they must be related , right ? but , as our understanding of shark taxonomy has grown and new fossil discoveries have filled gaps in the fossil record , it’s become apparent this assumption was not correct and a new carcharocles genus was created .
the newly described chondrichthyan fauna of the early miocene culebra formation of panama provides insight into the marine vertebrates occupying shallow seas adjacent to the central american seaway , prior to the rise of the isthmus of panama . this study takes advantage of a time - limited and unique opportunity to recover fossil from renewed excavations of the panama canal . the chondrichthyan fauna of the culebra formation is composed of teeth and vertebral centra representing 12 taxa . the species found possessed a cosmopolitan tropical and warm - temperate distribution during the early neogene and are similar to other assemblages of the tropical eastern pacific and southern caribbean . the taxa described suggest a neritic environment , and is in contrast with other interpretations that proposed bathyal water depths for the upper member of the culebra formation . the wide depth range of the most common species , carcharocles chubutensis , and the habitat preference of pristis sp . , suggests varied marine environments , from deep , to shallow waters , close to emerged areas of the evolving isthmus . ► chondrichthyans from the early miocene culebra formation are reported for the first time . ► the 12 taxa of chondrichthyans support the interpretation of a neritic environment . ► biogeographic relationships consistent with its position in the vicinity of the central american seaway .
extinct shark cretalamna appendiculata from the middle cretaceous of western kazakhstan . this is a common species in the middle and late cretaceous of the usa , europe and asia . both the carcharodon and carcharocles camp believe this shark is one of the ancestors of c . megalodon . it is often referred to as a mackerel shark , but according to david j . ward bears no relationship to the extant mackerel shark lamna . rather , it is nearer the sand sharks . size : 3 / 4 and 7 / 8 inches . specimen and image david j . ward .
early megatooth shark , carcharodon auriculatus , ( also known as carcharocles auriculatus ) . main characters of this tooth is a gradation of serrations to an unserrated tip and large ragged lateral cusps . these two teeth have rather puffy roots and are typical of the late middle eocene of the eastern usa . although best called c . auriculatus , they are distinctive and perhaps merit a name of their own . age : middle eocene . location : santee limestone south carolina . size : 2 inches and 1 - 5 / 8 inches . photo and specimens : david j . ward .
there is still debate about the placement of megalodon , with the some suggesting megalodon is of close relation to modern great white sharks ( ie . supporters of family : lamnidae , genus : carcharodon lineage ) . this is opposed by those who suggest that convergent evolution is responsible for the teeth similarities between megalodon and great whites and that megalodon is not closely related to modern great whites ( ie . supports of family : otodontidae genus : carcharocles or otodus lineage ) . factoid : convergent evolution is independent evolution of similar features in species of different lineages , creating analogous structure separately .
the
family : lamnidae , genus : carcharadon supports
, tend to believe that both modern great white sharks and megalodon sharks come from a common ancestor , that some propose to be palaeocarcharodon orientalis . the main reasons for this concept are phylogenic similarities in teeth of the two species in the opinion of these supporters . other evidence these supported cite includes evidence that the internal calcification patterns of vertebrae from great white and megalodon sharks are similar enough to suggest the two are related . also , some evidence in the fossil record suggests that megalodon sharks were present as far back as those of c . angustidens and c . chubutensis , thus suggesting megalodon was not a descendent of this line according to these supports .
extinct mako shark ( cosmopolotodus hastalis ) teeth . some in the carcharodon camp assign the genus name
isurus
for the species hastalis , but david j . ward says hastalis looks nothing like a mako and everything like an unserrated great white . then why not call it
carcharodon
, one might ask ?
beats me ,
says ward .
perhaps when the carcharodon / carcharocles debate is over , we will .
size : 1 - 3 / 4 to 2 inches . lived from oligocene to pliocene epochs . bakersfield , ca land find . photo by steve alter ; teeth from his private collection .
the crown ' s enameloid is smooth and the lingual face convex ( growing stronger as teeth increase in size ) . earlier species have laterally compressed crowns with irregular serrae , the crowns broaden over time and the serrae become smaller and more regular . the simple lateral cusplets of otodus become serrate ( and quite ornate ) but gradually diminish in size , disappearing entirely in c . megalodon . 6 a distinct neck is always present , but becomes more diagnostic by the miocene . in carcharocles , the chevron - shaped tissue scar has become an icon of the genus and indeed the family . the root is robust and clearly displays two strong lobes . in earlier chronospecies the basal margin is u - shaped , this gradually evolves to a more v - shaped appearance . the accompanying images are chrono - snapshots of the evolution of these teeth .
i ' ll tend to agree with you guys . however read this paper : urltoken about the size evolution of cetaceans , it appears that there was no gigantic mysticetes whales during miocene : we suggest that the absence of miocene mysticetes larger than 1000 cm may be real , given the thorough sampling from this time period ( uhen and pyenson 2007 ) and because the presence of skeletal elements from fin or blue whale - sized mysticetes ( 2200 - 3000 cm ) in length would be readily recognized in the field or in museum collections . de muizon in his response to me said that there were larger mysticetes ( than 5 - 10 m small baleen ) but they were uncommon at this time . so i don ' t think carcharocles and livyatan had distinctive preys at all . more likely , the huge quantity of cetacean population , despite their medium - size , may have been able to support two gigantic predators . once the mysticetes start to evolve larger , presumably livyatan couldn ' t adapt .
the late miocene gatun formation of northern panama contains a highly diverse and well sampled fossil marine assemblage that occupied a shallow - water embayment close to a purported connection between the pacific and atlantic ( caribbean ) oceans . however , the diverse chondrichthyan fauna has been poorly documented . based on recent field discoveries and further analysis of existing collections , the chondrichthyan fauna from this unit comprises at least 26 taxa , of which four species are extinct today . the remaining portion of the total chondrichthyan biodiversity has affinities with modern taxa and is therefore comprised of long - lived species . based on known records of the modern geographic distribution range of the gatun chondrichthyans , the fauna has mixed biogeographic affinities suggesting that around 10 million yr ago , a connection likely occurred between the pacific ocean and the caribbean sea . given the known habitat preferences for modern chondrichthyans , the gatun fauna was primarily adapted to shallow waters within the neritic zone . finally , comparisons of gatun dental measurements with other faunas suggest that many of the taxa have an abundance of small individuals , in agreement with previous studies that proposed this area as a paleonursery habitat for the species carcharocles megalodon .
carcharocles megalodon ( “megalodon” ) is the largest shark that ever lived . based on its distribution , dental morphology , and associated fauna , it has been suggested that this species was a cosmopolitan apex predator that fed on marine mammals from the middle miocene to the pliocene ( 15 . 9–2 . 6 ma ) . prevailing theory suggests that the extinction of apex predators affects ecosystem dynamics . accordingly , knowing the time of extinction of c . megalodon is a fundamental step towards understanding the effects of such an event in ancient communities . however , the time of extinction of this important species has never been quantitatively assessed . here , we synthesize the most recent records of c . megalodon from the literature and scientific collections and infer the date of its extinction by making a novel use of the optimal linear estimation ( ole ) model . our results suggest that c . megalodon went extinct around 2 . 6 ma . furthermore , when contrasting our results with known ecological and macroevolutionary trends in marine mammals , it became evident that the modern composition and function of modern gigantic filter - feeding whales was established after the extinction of c . megalodon . consequently , the study of the time of extinction of c . megalodon provides the basis to improve our understanding of the responses of marine species to the removal of apex predators , presenting a deep - time perspective for the conservation of modern ecosystems .
page navigation back to main calvert page back to all fossil id page back to shark fossil id page c . subauriculatus examples c . megalodon examples recommended books related content
megalodons are among the most sought after teeth in the calvert cliffs and other nearby miocene exposures . however , before you go looking for a huge megalodon from the cliffs , you should be warned most of the meg teeth are in the 1 - 3
class in these miocene exposures . although larger ones are often found , you have a better chance at finding the large ones in the younger pliocene exposures further south in the atlantic coastal plain .
both the c . subauriculatus and c . megalodon species are found in the calvert , choptank , and st . marys formations . the easiest way to distinguish these two species from one another are the cusps . c . megalodon have no cusps , while c . subauriculatus have small cusps . the only exception is juvenile megalodon teeth may have side cusps , in which case it is impossible to tell them apart .
so , you found a megalodon tooth . . wouldn ' t you like to know how big the shark was that the tooth came from ?
identification based on purdy et al ( 2001 ) . this species is thought to have evolved into c . megalodon . the only difference is the tiny cusplets this species is only found in the early to middle miocene . distinguishing the difference between small megalodons and subauriculatus can be tricky as juvenile megalodons can sometimes have cusps on their teeth . therefore , some subauriculatus identified below could be juvenile megalodons .
this tooth was sticking halfway out of the sand and looked whole . i was devastated when i lifed it ! based on this tooth , the
this small fossil tooth was dug out of a chunk of fallen zone 10 in the calvert formation .
identification based on purdy et al ( 2001 ) . obviously , this is the most famous prehistoric shark . it has the largest teeth , was twice the size of a great white , and included whales in its diet ! they lived from the miocene and became extinct in the pliocene . to learn all about the megalodon shark , go to the megalodon facts page .
the left tooth was found by snorkeling , the right one is a small but almost perfect anterior , except for the feeding damage on the tip .
this was pulled out of a chunk of fallen zone 10 of the calvert formation .
these are three small lateral megs . the left one is a labial view of a marble looking tooth . the right one is a lingual view and the left two are labial views
all 3 of these laterals were found on the same stretch of beach in less than an hour . the person i was collecting with found nothing and now hates me .
these are authentic megalodon teeth sold by fossil era , a reputable fossil dealer ( that i personally know ) who turned his fossil passion into a business . his megalodon teeth come in all sizes and prices , from small and inexpensive to large muesum quality teeth . each tooth has a detailed descriptions and images that include its collecting location and formation . if you are looking for a megalodon tooth , browse through these selections !
a great book for identifying all those teeth . this book is laid out
as simple as possible .
it ' s ease of use and small size makes it great to carry during collecting trips . this book shows teeth from around the globe , but all the calvert teeth can be found in it .
this is a classic for identifying all those teeth at the calvert cliffs . it ' s a must for any beginner collector that fossil hunts in the maryland / virginia area .
your guide to t rex . - all the research on social behavior , diet , speed , strength , types of tyrannosaur , skin and feathers , and much more !
your guide to c . megalodon - all the research is here ! size , diet , evolution and excintion , and much more !
to ask questions about paleontology , fossil identification , image use , or anything else , email us . urltoken is very active on facebook , you can also message us there ! we don ' t buy or sell fossils , so please don ' t email us asking about the value of a fossil or fossil purchases .
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full reference : l . agassiz . 1843 . recherches sur les poissons fossiles . tome iii ( livr . 15 - 16 ) . imprimérie de petitpierre , neuchatel 157 - 390
see also agassiz 1843 , aguilera and de aguilera 2004 , applegate and espinosa - arrubarrena 1996 , pimiento et al . 2013 and purdy et al . 2001
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content copyright www . prehistoric - wildlife . com . the information here is completely free for your own study and research purposes , but please dont copy the articles word for word and claim them as your own work . the world of prehistory is constantly changing with the advent of new discoveries , and its best if you use this information as a jumping off point for your own research . privacy & cookies policy
had completed a transition in which the cutting - edge had developed regular and complete serrations . this tooth - design has been ascribed to , and generally accepted as ,