malapterurus minjiriya is a species of electric catfish native to burkina faso , ethiopia , ghana , mali , nigeria and togo .

this species grows to a length of 102 centimetres ( 40 in ) sl .

malapterurus minjiriya

golubtsov , a . s . and p . b . berendzen0 morphological evidence for the occurrence of two electric catfish ( malapterurus ) species in the white nile and omo - turkana systems ( east africa ) . j . fish biol . 55 ( 3 ) : 492 - 505 . ( ref . 35980 )
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justification : this species is widely distributed in the niger and ouémé rivers and present in the volta river system . it is present in at least 10 locations . in benin , the species is located in the park of pendjari ; in the niger river in nigeria , the quality of the habitat declines due to oil exploration and urbanisation . the species can be assessed as least concern .
this species is widely distributed in the niger and ouémé rivers and present in the volta river system . it is also known from white nile tributaries in ethiopia ( barro and alvero rivers ) and the omo river ( lake turkana system ) ( golubtsov and berendzen , 1999 ) , however these records are uncertain . it probably exists in chad basin but has not been collected there .
this is a bentho - pelagic species with a strong electric discharge to stun its prey of small fishes . max sl 102 cm . commonly found offshore in open waters . commonly breeds in september to november . it is non - migratory .
in nigeria , the quality of the habitat declines due to oil exploration and urbanisation .
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disclaimer : itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available , and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties . however , it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes . while every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and up - to - date information available , ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in provisions of treaties to which the united states is a party , wildlife statutes , regulations , and any applicable notices that have been published in the federal register . for further information on u . s . legal requirements with respect to protected taxa , please contact the u . s . fish and wildlife service .
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to cite this page : myers , p . , r . espinosa , c . s . parr , t . jones , g . s . hammond , and t . a . dewey . 2018 . the animal diversity web ( online ) . accessed at https : / / animaldiversity . org .
disclaimer : the animal diversity web is an educational resource written largely by and for college students . adw doesn ' t cover all species in the world , nor does it include all the latest scientific information about organisms we describe . though we edit our accounts for accuracy , we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts . while adw staff and contributors provide references to books and websites that we believe are reputable , we cannot necessarily endorse the contents of references beyond our control .
this material is based upon work supported by the national science foundation grants drl 0089283 , drl 0628151 , due 0633095 , drl 0918590 , and due 1122742 . additional support has come from the marisla foundation , um college of literature , science , and the arts , museum of zoology , and information and technology services .
the following bibliography has been generated by bringing together all references provided by our content partners . there may be duplication .
anonymous0 fish registrations within the museum database of the vertebrate section of the royal museum for central africa . mrac , tervuren , belgium . ( ref . 12818 )
chinese academy of fishery sciences0 chinese aquatic germplasm resources database . urltoken ( ref . 58108 )
eschmeyer , w . n . ( ed . ) 0 catalog of fishes . special publication , california academy of sciences , san francisco . 3 vols . 2905 p . ( ref . 26282 )
froese r . & pauly d . ( eds ) ( 2015 ) . fishbase ( version jan 2015 ) . in : species 2000 & itis catalogue of life , 26th august 2015 ( roskov y . , abucay l . , orrell t . , nicolson d . , kunze t . , flann c . , bailly n . , kirk p . , bourgoin t . , dewalt r . e . , decock w . , de wever a . , eds ) . digital resource at urltoken . species 2000 : naturalis , leiden , the netherlands . issn 2405 - 8858 .
hureau , j . - c . 0 la base de données gicim : gestion informatisée des collections ichthyologiques du muséum . p . 225 - 227 . in atlas préliminaire des poissons d ' eau douce de france . conseil supérieur de la pêche , ministère de l ' environnement , cemagref et muséum national d ' histoire naturelle , paris . ( ref . 4517 )
møller , p . r . 0 electric fishes : history and behavior . chapman & hall , london . 584 p . ( ref . 10011 )
norris , s . m . 0 a revision of the african electric catfishes , family malapteruridae ( teleostei , siluriformes ) , with erection of a new genus and descriptions of fourteen new species , and an annotated bibliography . ann . mus . r . afr . centr . , sci . zool . , 289 : 1 - 155 . ( ref . 44050 )
norris , s . m . 0 malapteruridae . p . 174 - 194 in c . lévêque , d . paugy and g . g . teugels ( eds . ) faune des poissons d ' eaux douce et saumâtres de l ' afrique de l ' ouest , tome 2 . coll . faune et flore tropicales 40 . musée royal de l ' afrique centrale , tervuren , belgique , museum national d ' histoire naturalle , paris , france and institut de recherche pour le développement , paris , france . 815 p . ( ref . 57130 )
olaosebikan , b . d . and a . raji0 field guide to nigerian freshwater fishes . federal college of freshwater fisheries technology , new bussa , nigeria . 106 p . ( ref . 31256 )
paugy , d . , k . traoré and p . s . diouf0 faune ichtyologique des eaux douces d ' afrique de l ' ouest . p . 35 - 66 . in g . g . teugels , j . f . guégan and j . j . albaret ( eds . ) biological diversity of african fresh - and brackish water fishes . geographical overviews presented at the paradi symposium , senegal , 15 - 20 november 1993 . ann . mus . r . afr . centr . , sci . zool . , 275 : 177 p . ( ref . 13331 )
roberts , t . r . 0 a review of the african electric catfish family malapteruridae , with descriptions of new species . occas . pap . ichthyol . 1 : 1 - 15 . ( ref . 34006 )
teugels , g . g . 1992 . malapteruridae . p . 496 - 499 . in c . leveque , d . paugy , g . g . teugels ( eds . ) faune des poissons d ' eaux douces et saumâtres de l ' afrique de l ' ouest , tome 2 . coll . faune tropicale n° 28 musée royal de l ' afrique centrale , tervuren belgique and o . r . s . t . o . m . , paris france .
teugels , g . g . 0 malapteruridae . p . 496 - 499 . in c . leveque , d . paugy , g . g . teugels ( eds . ) faune des poissons d ' eaux douces et saumâtres de l ' afrique de l ' ouest , tome 2 . coll . faune tropicale n° 28 musée royal de l ' afrique centrale , tervuren belgique and o . r . s . t . o . m . , paris france . ( ref . 8954 )
wu , h . l . , k . - t . shao and c . f . lai ( eds . ) 0 latin - chinese dictionary of fishes names . the sueichan press , taiwan . 1028 p . ( ref . 31517 )
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records by other methods ( net , hand line , spear , bow fishing etc . )
' ; document . write ( amazon ) ; document . write ( google ) ; } / / - - >
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world records freshwater fishing by heinz machacek is licensed under a creative common attribution - noncommercial - noderivs 3 . 0 unported license .
diagnosis : tooth patches broad ( ref . 34006 , 44050 ) . pectoral fin placed ventrally ; 8 - 12 anal - fin rays ; 19 caudal - fin rays ( ii - 7 - 8 - ii ) ; 43 - 47 vertebrae ( ref . 44050 ) . body and head marked with large blotches ( ref . 34006 , 44050 ) . spotting and blotching concentrated posteriad ; caudal and anal fins unmarked or lightly spotted ; paired fins rarely spotted ( ref . 44050 ) .
description : body and head distinctly depressed ; jaws equal or lower jaw slightly prominent ; 19 - 21 abdominal vertebrae ; 22 - 27 caudal vertebrae ( ref . 44050 , 57130 ) . 19 total caudal fin rays ( ii - 7 - 8 - ii ) ( ref . 57130 ) .
coloration : pigmentation similar to m . electricus , but more finely and sparser spotted , with paired fins rarely spotted ; small specimens ( < 80mm sl ) with long saddle of a shade slightly darker than ground color , extending from base of caudal fin to anterior end of adipose fin , with no pale interspace ; saddle continues onto adipose fin , which has a pale distal margin ; anal and caudal fins in juveniles have dusky bars set off by pale bases , and clear distal margins , and there are scattered spots and blotches ( up to several times an eye diameter ) on the flank and dorsum , but not on the fins ( ref . 44050 ) . saddle and bar pigmentation very faint , even in juveniles ( ref . 57130 ) .
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horaglanis krishnai , the indian blind catfish , is a species of airbreathing catfish endemic to india where it is found in wells in the area of kottayam in kerala .

it lives in underground water channels , and lacks pigmentation and eyes like other species of cavefish .

it grows to a length of 4.2 cm ( 1.7 inches ) tl .

horaglanis krishnai

world conservation monitoring centre 1996 . horaglanis krishnai . 2006 iucn red list of threatened species . downloaded on 4 august 2007 .
froese , rainer and pauly , daniel , eds . ( 2011 ) .
horaglanis krishnai
in fishbase . december 2011 version .
{ author1 , author2 . . . } , ( n . d . ) . horaglanis krishnai menon , 1950 . [ online ] india biodiversity portal , species page : { name of species field } available at : urltoken [ accessed date jul 10 , 2018 ] .
horaglanis : named after sl hora , the indian ichthyologist ; the suffix - glanis is greek for catfish and is often used in generic names of catfishes .
horaglanis krishnai is listed as data deficient since , although it has been recorded from subterranean wells in a small area , very little is known about its status , threats , habitat requirements and habitat condition . the distribution has not been visited since 1979 and the status of the species is currently not known . the species could be assessed as cr to nt , more information is needed .
anna mercy , t . v . 2000 biology of an endemic blind catfish , horaglanis krishnai ( menon ) . p . 278 - 279 . in : ponniah , a . g . and a . gopalakrishnan ( eds . ) . endemic fish diversity of western ghats . nbfgr - natp publication . national bureau of fish genetic resources , lucknow , u . p . , india . 1 , 347 p .
members of the genus horaglanis are blind catfishes that inhabit wells and sub - terrenanean channels in the state of kerala in india . not imported as an aquarium fish , this fascinating little subterranean catfish is endangered in the wild . notice how similar it is to the south american genus phraetobius ( pimelodidae ) .
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gland , switzerland , 5 july 2018 ( iucn ) – australia’s unique reptiles – including lizards and snakes – face severe threats from invasive species and climate change , with 7 % of th . . .
the value of medicinal and aromatic plant trade has increased three - fold in the past 20 years , but traditional harvesting practices are being replaced by less sustainable alternatives . . . .
a recently released iucn technical brief recommends increasing investments in sustainable land management practices , as well as better cooperation between agriculturalists and conservationists to conse . . .
madhusoodana kurup , b . , anna mercy , t . v . , basheer , v . s . , raghavan , r . , cox , n . a . , krishna , k . k . & dahanukar , n .
is a western ghats endemic species , described from dugout wells in mundakkayam in kottayam district by menon ( 1950 ) and subsequently found in dugout wells in the midlands of ettumanur in kottayam district , kerala by babu and nayar ( 2004 ) . ( menon 1950 & 1951 , jayaram 1977 & 2010 , anna mercy
2001 a & b , babu and nayar , 2004 ) . the site has not been visited since 1979 .
is a small sized , blind catfish . the species lives in subterranean tunnels . much of it ' s natural ecology is unknown , but it ' s reproductive cycle has been studied under captive conditions ( anna mercy
being a cave dwelling species , is understood to be out of reach from exploitation , as of now .
the species might be threatened by groundwater pollution from the surrounding town and agricultural pollution although this needs to be confirmed .
there have been no known conservation measures taken for this species . there is a need to monitor and reduce groundwater pollution in the surrounding area . this species is not found in a protected area . additional research is needed to understand the range , ecology and potential threats to the species .
to make use of this information , please check the < terms of use > .
40mm or 1 . 6
sl . find near , nearer or same sized spp .
in ventral view especially , females are much broader in the body than males of equal age and rearing practices .
found in wells . migrate from one well to another through underground water channels .
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found in wells . migrate from one well to another through underground water channels ( ref . 43626 ) .
4 . 2 cm tl ( male / unsexed ; ( ref . 4833 ) )
bones of the skull firmly articulated . brain teleostean . absence of eyes brought about the degeneration of the optic lobes . skin devoid of scales ( ref . 44151 ) .
inhabits the dug - out wells at kottayam , kerala . it has unusual habitat in freshwater wells to which they gain entry through the subsoil drainage system ( ref . 57760 ) . the short intestine appears to indicate that this fish is carnivore . the gut showed the presence of insects ( ref . 57760 ) .
. it follows water channels underground to move from one well to another . it grows to a length of 4 . 2 cm ( 1 . 7 inches )
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taken from mister s . l . hora , director of zoological survey of india + latin , glanis = a cat fish ( ref . 45335 )
maturity : l m ? range ? - ? cm max length : 4 . 2 cm tl male / unsexed ; ( ref . 4833 )
bones of the skull firmly articulated . brain teleostean . absence of eyes brought about the degeneration of the optic lobes . skin devoid of scales ( ref . 44151 ) .
found in wells . migrate from one well to another through underground water channels ( ref . 43626 ) .
talwar , p . k . and a . g . jhingran , 1991 . inland fishes of india and adjacent countries . volume 2 . a . a . balkema , rotterdam . ( ref . 4833 )
bayesian length - weight : a = 0 . 00741 ( 0 . 00335 - 0 . 01640 ) , b = 2 . 99 ( 2 . 81 - 3 . 17 ) , in cm total length , based on lwr estimates for this ( sub ) family - body shape ( ref .
) : 3 . 2 ±0 . 40 se ; based on food items .
) : high , minimum population doubling time less than 15 months ( preliminary k or fecundity . ) .
froese , r . and d . pauly . editors . 2011 . fishbase . world wide web electronic publication . < a href = ' urltoken ' target = ' _ blank ' > www . fishbase . org , version ( 10 / 2011 ) . < / a >
< a target = ' _ blank ' href = ' urltoken ' > iucn 2011 . iucn red list of threatened species . version 2011 . 2 . exported on 12 january 2012 < / a >
froese , r . and d . pauly . editors . 2013 . fishbase . world wide web electronic publication . ; urltoken version ( 12 / 2013 ) .
a general description , with any kind of information about the taxon . its main goal is summarize the most relevant or attractive characteristics of this taxon to the general public .
bones of the skull firmly articulated . brain teleostean . absence of eyes brought about the degeneration of the optic lobes . skin devoid of scales .
a small sized blind catfish with narrow , elongate , sub - cylindrical body ; 21 dorsal fin rays ; 17 anal fin rays ; pectoral fin vestigial ; no eyes ; no accessory respiratory organ ; 4 pairs of barbels ; head covered with skin , short and globular .
s . s . mishra , laishram kosygin , p . t . rajan and k . c . gopi , zoological survey of india in venkataraman , k . , chattopadhyay , a . and subramanian , k . a . ( editors ) . 2013 . endemic animals of india ( vertebrates ) : 1–235 + 26 plates . ( published by the director , zoological survey of india , kolkata )
talwar , p . k . and a . g . jhingran 1991 inland fishes of india and adjacent countries . volume 2 . a . a . balkema , rotterdam .
describes average size , max , range ; type of size ( perimeter , length , volume , weight . . . ) .
inhabits the dug - out wells at kottayam , kerala . it has unusual habitat in freshwater wells to which they gain entry through the subsoil drainage system . the short intestine appears to indicate that this fish is carnivore . the gut showed the presence of insects .
proudlove , g . s . 1997 a synopsis of the hypogean fishes of the world . p . 351 - 354 . in proceedings of the 12th international congress of speleology , la chaux de fonds , switzerland . vol . 3 .
summary of general nature of feeding interactions . for example , basic mode of nutrient uptake ( autotrophy , heterotrophy , coprophagy , saprophagy ) , position in food network ( top predator , primary producer , consumer ) , diet categorization ( detritovore , omnivore , carnivore , herbivore ) . specific taxa are treated under associations ( specifying predators or prey ) and associatedtaxa .
general description of the sites where the species is found ( ecosystem , forest , environment or microhabitat ) . includes realm ( e . g terrestrial etc ) and climatic information ( e . g boreal ) ; also includes requirements and tolerances ; horizontal and vertical ( altitudinal ) distribution . also includes information referring to territorial extension of the individual or group in terms of its activities ( feeding , mating , etc . ) , associated mostly to vertebrates .
enumerates geographic entities where the taxon lives . covers ranges , e . g . , a global range , or a narrower one ; may be biogeographical , political or other ( e . g . , managed areas like conservencies ) ; endemism ; native or exotic . does not include altitudinal distribution , which is covered under habitat .
includes abundance information ( population size , density ) and demographics ( e . g . age stratification ) .
2006 iucn red list of threatened species . www . iucnredlist . org . downloaded july 2006 .
describes the likelihood of the species becoming extinct in the present day or in the near future . population size is treated under population biology , and trends in population sizes are treated under trends . however , this is the preferred element if an object includes all of these things and details about conservation listings .
known or potential benefits of the species for humans , at a direct economic level , as instruments of education , prospecting , eco - tourism , etc . it includes published material or suggestions from the author or others . in any event , the source must be explicitly quoted . can include ecosystem services . however , benefits to ecosystems not specific to humans are best treated under risk statement ( what happens when the organism is removed )
a checklist of the fishes of kerala state is presented , along with their scientific and common name . . .
using freshwater kbas for informing conservation and development policy and action in kerala and tamil . . .
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disclaimer : itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available , and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties . however , it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes . while every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and up - to - date information available , ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in provisions of treaties to which the united states is a party , wildlife statutes , regulations , and any applicable notices that have been published in the federal register . for further information on u . s . legal requirements with respect to protected taxa , please contact the u . s . fish and wildlife service .
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urn : lsid : catalogueoflife . org : taxon : 322c1faa - 4e2c - 11e8 - 9ed0 - fa163e792e6e : col20180626
urn : lsid : catalogueoflife . org : taxon : 322c42d7 - 4e2c - 11e8 - 9ed0 - fa163e792e6e : col20180626
urn : lsid : catalogueoflife . org : taxon : 322fa134 - 4e2c - 11e8 - 9ed0 - fa163e792e6e : col20180626
urn : lsid : catalogueoflife . org : taxon : 32345af5 - 4e2c - 11e8 - 9ed0 - fa163e792e6e : col20180626
urn : lsid : catalogueoflife . org : taxon : 3618ab2a - 4e2c - 11e8 - 9ed0 - fa163e792e6e : col20180626
froese r . & pauly d . ( eds ) . ( 2018 ) . fishbase ( version feb 2018 ) . in : roskov y . , abucay l . , orrell t . , nicolson d . , bailly n . , kirk p . m . , bourgoin t . , dewalt r . e . , decock w . , de wever a . , nieukerken e . van , zarucchi j . , penev l . , eds . ( 2018 ) . species 2000 & itis catalogue of life , 30th june 2018 . digital resource at urltoken species 2000 : naturalis , leiden , the netherlands . issn 2405 - 8858 .
urn : lsid : catalogueoflife . org : taxon : 75ef8147 - 4e2c - 11e8 - 9ed0 - fa163e792e6e : col20180626
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what a nuisance ( 1978 – 2005 ) was a new zealand-bred thoroughbred racehorse .

he was best known for winning the melbourne cup at flemington racecourse in november 1985 .

what a nuisance

‘what constitutes a statutory nuisance is carefully defined in section 79 and so too are numerous exceptions . ’
if you have experienced what you believe to be a private nuisance , please contact our office and we can assess whether you should pursue a legal action .
this fact is simply that a child is a nuisance to a grown - up person .
far from being a nuisance , she was a positive joy to have around .
what made you want to look up nuisance ? please tell us where you read or heard it ( including the quote , if possible ) .
all the politicians are a nuisance , a curse , a plague worse than was any . . .
sex differences themselves are frequently seen as a nuisance , rather than a potentially interesting topic .
private nuisance is a dispute that occurs between two individuals , but is not a crime .
according to a new lawsuit filed in federal court , this aggressive enforcement wasn’t just a nuisance .
was he a nuisance ?
no , not at all .
residents claim that the company ' s emissions are harmful and constitute a nuisance .
there , passenger traffic was light , and was generally regarded as a nuisance .
‘to some of us the rain is merely a nuisance or an inconvenience . ’
the council are able deal with a number of different types of nuisance problems .
peaceful demonstrations that do not cause a public nuisance are a fundamental right in any truly democratic country .
‘parents whose children cause a public nuisance are likely to receive a warning letter from the police . ’
‘the mechanically - propelled ones with an engine make a noise , are a nuisance and are dangerous . ’
redress for nuisance is commonly monetary damages . an injunction or abatement may also be proper under certain circumstances . an injunction orders a defendant to stop , remove , restrain , or restrict a nuisance or abandon plans for a threatened nuisance . in public nuisance cases , a fine or sentence may be imposed , in addition to abatement or injunctive relief .
there are two main types of nuisance : private or public nuisance , both of which involve interference with an individual’s enjoyment of land .
we will just see what race fits best , but the cox plate is the ultimate for the spring .
some nuisances can be both public and private in certain circumstances where the public nuisance substantially interferes with the use of an individual ' s adjoining land . for example , pollution of a river might constitute both a public and a private nuisance . this is known as a mixed nuisance .
‘in return , they don ' t secede or otherwise make a nuisance of themselves . ’
‘picketing accompanied by violence , or even merely noise , may be a private nuisance . ’
‘bonfires are a general nuisance and serious problem for anyone with a respiratory condition such as asthma or emphysema . ’
a public nuisance can be both a civil wrong ( something for which a person can take another person to court ) and a crime ( where there may be penalties such as fines or imprisonment for creating the nuisance ) .
what a nuisance ( nz ) b . g , 1978 { 1 - o } dp = 8 - 0 - 14 - 2 - 0 ( 24 ) di = 1 . 67 cd = 0 . 58
‘in so doing they are creating a nuisance for residents , danger for themselves and a hazard for road users . ’
aunty may said it was funny , too , but aunty edith said it was a nuisance .
the sticky clay was a nuisance to work with . [ = was difficult to work with ]
the two types of nuisance are private nuisance and public nuisance . a private nuisance is a civil wrong ; it is the unreasonable , unwarranted , or unlawful use of one ' s property in a manner that substantially interferes with the enjoyment or use of another individual ' s property , without an actual trespass or physical invasion to the land . a public nuisance is a criminal wrong ; it is an act or omission that obstructs , damages , or inconveniences the rights of the community .
those fish will turn up on the coast and be a nuisance for an undetermined amount of time .
‘the white house listens to these outraged voices but considers them more a nuisance than genuine problem . ’
‘we are trying our best to stop this problem but it is a nuisance and an inconvenience . ’
there are a number of nuisance problems that may be dealt with by the council . these include :
‘dogs are barred from many public places because they pose a serious hazard to health and can be a nuisance and danger . ’
some see the race as a nuisance and worry about the environmental effect the race has on the island .
‘they don ' t want to go along to annual general meetings and make a nuisance of themselves . ’
add comment + no one has written a comment about boyd ' s nuisance aka noose . be the first
‘as a result , ministers are going to great lengths to point out that the deer is a fine animal , and must not be viewed as a pest or a nuisance . ’
aedificare in tuo proprio solo non licet quod alteri noceat . it is not lawful to build upon one ' s own land what may injure another .
rozier is far from a mess on that defense , and his long arms are a nuisance for most non - ben simmons point guards .
‘if the newcomers wanted to make a go of it here and did not make a nuisance of themselves , they could be australians . ’
‘the courts tend to approach the question of the existence of a nuisance , whether public or private , as a question of fact . ’
a private nuisance is something that only affects an individual or a small group of people directly . there has to be a substantial and persistent interference with the enjoyment and use of your land . to make a private nuisance claim , you must demonstrate that the complaint is not trivial or unreasonable in nature . if there has been monetary damage i . e . your property has been affected by the burning smell of rubber , you will need to provide details of what loss you have experienced due to the private nuisance .
a private nuisance is a tort , that is , a civil wrong . to determine accountability for an alleged nuisance , a court will examine three factors : the defendant ' s fault , whether there has been a substantial interference with the plaintiff ' s interest , and the reasonableness of the defendant ' s conduct .
‘however , normally these dumped items will be removed during the programmed cleaning schedule or earlier if they are creating a hazard or a nuisance . ’
what makes neil so good in my eyes is that he has the qualities that i think make a racer . he has obvious driving talent and has the right level of aggression in the car . out of the car , he’s incredibly pleasant , intelligent , calm and remarkably mature for an 18 - year - old . he clearly has a tremendous amount of desire and is going to do what it takes to win . his technical knowledge is excellent , and he has a thick skin . he never seems to quit . and that’s what it takes to be a race driver .
established in 1991 pat hyland racing is considered one of the most successful thoroughbred training business in australia . pat hyland is former champoin jockey famous for his win in the 1985 melbourne cup on what a nuisance . pat retired from race riding in 1990 and began his group winning career as a horse trainer .
the categorical lucas rule and the nuisance and background principles
by carol n . brown
if you believe you are affected by what you think is a public nuisance , you should lodge a complaint with your local council , this body is required to respond and fix all public nuisances within a reasonable timeframe . if your local council does not take any action in a timely manner , you should consider seeking legal advice about pursing your own legal action .
under common law , if your circumstances fall into the legal definition of nuisance ( as opposed to something that is just annoying ) , then you may have a cause of action against the person causing the nuisance .
‘it is no good merely viewing the young as a nuisance and a difficulty , especially when most of them are no such thing at all . ’
they want to loaf about , and drink , and be a nuisance to everybody , like some of the rich ones .
working in education , where millions of dollars in budgets and layoffs may occur , “what would be my fallback plan if anything were to happen ? ” she said .
williams would be one of the best known faces in racing . he has made the melbourne cup his personal mission , winning the race that stops the nation five times as an owner , starting with just a dash in 1981 , which was followed by what a nuisance , efficient , green moon and almandin last year .
‘they range from minor noise nuisance , through to serious racial harassment and threats to kill . ’
unacceptable noise nuisance ( such as loud music , loud tvs , parties , barking dogs ) .
christian says students had complained that multiple raccoons were drowned because the animals were a nuisance to the school ' s agriculture program .
‘but those for whom enjoyment develops into aggression need to be weeded out before they can start to make a nuisance of themselves . ’
‘i live in beckenham in an area populated by many foxes and , yes , they do sometimes make a nuisance of themselves . ’
the council denied the license at its regular meeting on march 20 , saying a new operation on finley boulevard would be nuisance and pose a health risk to residents .
a public nuisance interferes with the public as a class , not merely one person or a group of citizens . no civil remedy exists for a private citizen harmed by a public nuisance , even if his or her harm was greater than the harm suffered by others ; a criminal prosecution is the exclusive remedy . however , if the individual suffers harm that is different from that suffered by the general public , the individual may maintain a
it is largely a matter of fact and degree , depending upon the circumstances of the case , whether or not a nuisance has been or is being committed : ‘things which are forbidden in a crowded urban community may be permitted in the country . what is prohibited in an enclosed land maybe tolerated in the open’ . injunction in england or interdict in scotland will be granted to prevent a nuisance being continued or repeated and damages will be granted in respect of loss caused by it . here the laws of england and scotland diverge .
the tort might be described as a species of private nuisance , namely unreasonable interference with the victim ' s rights to use the highway .
actions were begun by the employing newspapers alleging nuisance , intimidation , harassment , and interference with commercial contracts .
major nuisance problems likely to substantially affect large numbers of people or otherwise constitute an immediate risk to health .
an attractive nuisance is a danger likely to lure children onto a person ' s land . for example , an individual who has a pool on his property has a legal obligation to take reasonable precautions , such as erecting a fence , to prevent foreseeable injury to children .
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i ' m sorry to be such a nuisance [ = i ' m sorry to bother you ] , but i need your help again .
when neighbours are not so good ; whether it ' s screaming children , barking dogs or late - night parties , noisy neighbours are a problem for many householders . rukhsanah haroon looks what you should do if you ' re affected
“ nuisance ” in le trésor de la langue française informatisé ( the digitized treasury of the french language ) .
for damages . for example , if dynamiting has thrown a large boulder onto a public highway , those who use the highway cannot maintain a nuisance action for the inconvenience . however , a motorist who is injured from colliding with the boulder may bring a tort action for personal injuries .
trespass is sometimes confused with nuisance , but the two are distinct . a trespass action protects against an invasion of one ' s right to exclusive possession of land . if a landowner drops a tree across her neighbor ' s boundary line she has committed a trespass ; if her dog barks all night keeping the neighbor awake , she may be liable for nuisance .
whether it’s a mosquito or your little brother pestering you about the laundry , you can use the word nuisance to describe something that causes small annoyances .
add comment + no one has written a comment about mi - peg ' s attractive nuisance v sater - nordlicht ( adelle ) . be the first
we are not doctors and don ' t offer medical advice , but if we can help to reduce the problem to nuisance level from a debilitating condition then we have made a difference .
‘the nuisance and bother that raises its head time and time again in portlaoise did so again over the weekend . ’
it is an accolade for a body of work and just shows where she sits next to those other champions in the hall of fame ,
waller said .
her career has been a bit of a blur and something like this makes you sit back and realise what she has done and go wow .
for so many years , and for so many nascar drivers , road - course racing was largely a nuisance , an inconvenient detour for a sport built on eternal left turns and oval tracks .
my main complaint is that everybody is so appalled at the supposed denigration of the rover name . will this be the case with the new xx model ? what of the forthcoming lotus / toyota ? why cannot people accept the rover 213 for what it is instead of what they think it should be ? to my mind ( and supported by the prices of used models ) the car that has done most damage to the rover name in the present sdi range . it has an appalling reputation for quality and reliability . if the 213 proves as reliable as its predecessor , the acclaim , it can only do the rover name good .
what seems to be the problem ?
he asks . on explaining the symptoms he tells me i probably have benign essential blepharospasm and refers me to an opthalmologist ( eye doctor ) for treatment . magic !
the noun nuisance traces back to the latin word nocere , meaning “to harm . ” nuisance originally was used to refer to things that could produce serious injury and harm , but over time the word lost some of its capacity for destruction . nowadays you’ll hear nuisance used to describe things or people that cause small problems or that bother you in annoying but trivial ways .
so you want to be a race car driver , do you ? well , welcome to the club , because pretty much everybody who’s reading this mag wants to do the same thing . how in the wide , wide , world of sports does someone become a race driver , and what exactly is a race driver , anyway ?
remember that what you do outside the car is many times as important as what you do in it . pissing people off left and right will probably not end up helping you in your career . you might be fast , winning races and riding a wave , but you have to know that someone out there is going to be faster and better at some point . be confident , but don’t get cocky , and never stop working on being a driver . it never ends . you can always be better .
throughout what is considered a short training career to date , pat has had some memorable success and highlights six group 1 winners , twelve group 2 winners and over 10 group 3 winners , listed races , grand national hurdle and steeple and country cups combined .
with vardy working tirelessly up front , chasing lost causes and generally making a nuisance of himself , sevilla were never allowed to settle on a night when the atmosphere was electric inside the king power stadium .
the conflicting land - use is first analysed under a unified management scheme where two regimes are investigated , the ' normal case ' and the ' nuisance case ' .
both studies were performed concurrently , but independently , to address the lack of information on the winter survival of nuisance fly parasitoids .
“we made it a carrot , and not a stick , ” he said .
a defendant may not escape liability by arguing that others are also contributing to the harm ; damages will be apportioned according to a defendant ' s share of the blame . moreover , a defendant is liable even where his or her actions without the actions of others would not have constituted a nuisance .
a public nuisance could involve someone blocking off a public pathway with their car , which affects a large number of people to varying degrees . other things that may be considered a public nuisance are problems that could endanger a person’s health , are offensive or seriously disrupt a person’s comfort . for someone to have an action for compensation for the inconvenience or the interference suffered , they would need to show that there was “special damage” ( i . e . the impact on them was greater than damage to the general public ) .
i really must get an early night ,
i thought . my eyes were also gritty , as if i had sand in them , so eventually i did what any rational person would do and talked to a mate at the golf club . fortunately he was an optician .
overgrown shrubbery , cars parked on pathways , repeated trespassing on your property , smoke and smell from burning rubbish – these are things that may be considered a nuisance in your neighbourhood .
in conclusion , therefore , i feel that the rover 213 is a fine car which should not be condemned for its origins . it gives arg a valuable addition to its range as a solid , comfortable and quality car as well up to rover ' s image and standards . why not give it a chance and certainly don ' t condemn it on the basis of what others have said , m . l . !
to the community or to a member of it , for which a legal remedy exists .
top places to buy a home in the sun on a budget revealed : . . .
how much a regular monthly savings scheme could make or a lump sum could be worth .
she had inspected a fence at 12 coney hall , but found a hole in it .
the book is divided into six parts , targeting the pests of pasture , field crops and vegetables , fruit , forestry , weeds and nuisance pests .
carol n . brown , the categorical lucas rule and the nuisance and background principles exception , 30 touro l . rev . 349 ( 2014 ) .
on the other hand , the rover is comfortable with a good boot ( the sill is very high though ) . the choice of materials inside is tasteful and the level of equipment and finish is excellent . the engine is excellent with a good balance of performance , economy and noise levels . a number of motoring writers have commented on the obvious japanese dash . what might i ask does that mean ? if it ' s well laid out , well equipped and finished what more do they want ? to condemn it as japanese is being very small minded . incidentally , everyone who has ridden in the car has commented favourably on the quality and comfort inside .
the law of england distinguishes between public and private nuisance . a public nuisance is one that affects a particular class or group of citizens . the conduct must be such as materially affects the complainer . no one can complain of a public nuisance if he is not himself able to allege and prove some special or particular damage over and above that of the ordinary public . thus , a hole in the road would not be actionable under this head but it would become so if someone fell into it and broke a leg . private nuisance , in its pure form , happens when someone interferes with another ' s use or enjoyment of land . this is a simple matter of balance , depending on the locality . in modern times , planning legislation has had a tremendous impact on such cases , preventing as it does certain excesses . in english law , nuisance provides the remedy for infringement of a land law servitude . a plaintiff must own or have an interest in the land in question , thus depriving the visitor of a right in private nuisance for personal injury . generally , in england , it is thought that the standard of care is strict . however , it may well be the case that different considerations apply where the remedy is for injunction as opposed to when it is for damages . when restraining conduct , the court is more likely to take the view that if a plaintiff is suffering more than it is reasonable that he should suffer , that he be entitled to injunction . when seeking damages the courts may want to look for some blameworthy conduct , but the english law has not made this distinction firm , and it is probably still the case that liability is strict . the significance of this is that a plaintiff in england is better served by trying to make out a claim in nuisance instead of negligence , assuming the conduct is of a kind that constitutes a nuisance . in particular , the harm must usually be a continuing one .
as far as i’m concerned , the reason all those drivers made it to the top of each of their respective categories is because they are just plain great . making comparisons between them is like comparing apples to apple juice — same fruit , maybe , but in a totally different form . sure , we all have our favorites , but please don’t be one of those people who thinks that what nascar star jeff gordon does all day is easier than what f1 standout fernando alonso does because jeff appears to just be turning left . take a ride with him during a race or any top - tier sprint cup driver , and i guarantee you’ll find out that you’re sorely mistaken .
this article examines the seminal 1992 united states supreme court decision , lucas v . south carolina coastal council , specifically focusing on the lucas nuisance exception . i surveyed approximately 1 , 600 regulatory takings cases decided since the lucas decision involving lucas takings challenges . i identified the statutory nuisance cases in which state and local governments unsuccessfully asserted the lucas nuisance exception as a defense to the courts’ findings of a lucas taking . this article examines the prospective potential of these cases for assisting private property owners in enhancing private property rights protections within the area of regulatory takings .
the retirement villages act 1999 sets out who should pay to repair or replace what are called ‘items of capital’ . an item of capital is broadly defined to include most items found in a village such as buildings , equipment , fixtures and fittings . section 97 says that operator cannot fund any costs of depreciation or capital replacement from recurrent charges payable by a resident .
defendants sometimes argue that a plaintiff
came to a nuisance
by moving onto land next to an already operating source of interference . a new owner is entitled to the reasonable use and enjoyment of his or her land the same as anyone else , but the argument may be considered in determining the reasonableness of the defendant ' s conduct . it may also have an impact in determining damages because the purchase price may have reflected the existence of the nuisance .
this article examines the seminal 1992 united states supreme court decision , lucas v . south carolina coastal council , 1 specifically focusing on the lucas nuisance exception . i surveyed approximately 1 , 600 reported regulatory takings cases decided since the lucas decision involving lucas takings challenges . i identified the statutory nuisance cases in which state and local governments unsuccessfully asserted the lucas nuisance exception as a defense to the courts ' findings of a lucas taking . this article examines the prospective potential of these cases for assisting private property owners in enhancing private property rights protections within the area of regulatory takings .
general nuisance is a six year old bay gelding trained by peter j daly based in carnarvon , and is originally from australia . his sire is general monash and he is out of the dam lively jeune .
these days i help run the support group with some dedicated support from fellow sufferers . we have three key objectives : to raise awareness to shorten diagnosis time ; to explain what treatments are available and where to get clinical information ; and to help people get on with their lives .
the term public nuisance covers a wide variety of minor crimes that threaten the health , morals , safety , comfort , convenience , or welfare of a community . violators may be punished by a criminal sentence , a fine , or both . a defendant may also be required to remove a nuisance or to pay the costs of removal . for example , a manufacturer who has polluted a stream might be fined and might also be ordered to pay the cost of cleanup . public nuisances may interfere with public health , such as in the keeping of diseased animals or a malarial pond . public safety nuisances include shooting fireworks in the streets , storing explosives , practicing medicine without a license , or harboring a vicious dog . houses of prostitution , illegal liquor establishments , gaming houses , and unlicensed prizefights are examples of nuisances that interfere with public morals . obstructing a highway or creating a condition to make travel unsafe or highly disagreeable are examples of nuisances threatening the public convenience .
moreover , the condition of non - natural user , though similar to unreasonable user in nuisance , normally involves some degree of exceptional risk which unreasonable user does not .
if it was called
blinkers ' curse
or
twitchy eye
, more people would pay attention . but whatever it ' s called , beb - blepharospasm , is a blinking nuisance , writes john yeudall .
a law passed in maryland last summer could give those without conventional pensions or 401 ( k ) plans a way to save for retirement without the nuisance of setting up individual savings accounts . but despite broad bipartisan support in the state , the application of the law has now stalled with a new republican congress and white house .
dodson , robert d . 2002 .
rethinking private nuisance law : recognizing esthetic nuisances in the new millennium .
south carolina environmental law journal 10 ( summer ) .
the doctrine of attractive nuisance originated in an 1873 u . s . supreme court case , sioux city & pacific railroad co . v . stout , 84 u . s . 657 ( 1873 ) , involving a trespassing child injured by a railroad turntable ; an early premise was that the attractive nuisance caused the trespass , and so by extension the owner was responsible for the trespass as well . subsequent modification of the doctrine has focused on the possessor ' s duty to use care in preventing injury , whether a child is a trespasser or invitee .
a private nuisance is an interference with a person ' s enjoyment and use of his land . the law recognizes that landowners , or those in rightful possession of land , have the right to the unimpaired condition of the property and to reasonable comfort and convenience in its occupation .
cleary , joseph w . 2002 .
municipalities versus gun manufacturers : why public nuisance claims just do not work .
university of baltimore law review 31 ( spring ) .
the tribunal member accepted that the special condition was a mistake and not what the parties had intended . however the question remained whether the agreement was caught by the retirement villages act . there was no evidence that the complex had any of the features normally associated with a retirement village , such as a “residents committee” , “village contracts” , “disclosure statements” or “village rules” . there were also no “recurring charges” or “departure fees” payable , and there was no paid caretaker or staff .
so i say to the local residents who complain so loudly — firstly , look to yourselves , you knew of goodwood ' s existence and operations when you moved into the locality , so accept what was there when you bought or go back to the local council who gave permission for the land to be developed near to goodwood and complain to them — go back to the developers who built on the land so near to goodwood and complain to them , but don ' t complain to goodwood — it was there long before you and consider what it would be like if it had developed like other now international motor racing venues or airfields .
oakland resident katherine wright , who has complained to the town council that the town ' s peacocks are a nuisance that cause damage and leave smelly bird waste in her yard , talks about the situation , tuesday , march 27 , 2018 .
after decades working in a busy school , headteacher tim lowe had hoped for a little peace in his retirement .
n . the unreasonable , unwarranted and / or unlawful use of property , which causes inconvenience or damage to others , either to individuals and / or to the general public . nuisances can include noxious smells , noise , burning , misdirection of water on to other property , illegal gambling , unauthorized collections of rusting autos , indecent signs and pictures on businesses , and a host of bothersome activities . where illegal they can be abated ( changed , repaired , or improved ) by criminal or quasi - criminal charges . if a nuisance interferes with another person ' s quiet or peaceful or pleasant use of his / her property , it may be the basis for a lawsuit for damages and / or an injunction ordering the person or entity causing the nuisance to desist ( stop ) or limit the activity ( such as closing down an activity in the evening ) . ( see : public nuisance , private nuisance )
nuisance is a fine example of a word that has taken on a weakened meaning . it has been in use in english since the 15th century , and for much of that time signified
harm
or
injury
rather than mere
annoyance
( the word came into our language from french , but it can be traced back to the latin nocēre , meaning “to harm” ) . in the early 19th century nuisance began to see considerable use in reference to people or things that were obnoxious rather than injurious , and that meaning has become the prevalent one . we retain evidence of the word’s earlier
harm
sense , however , in the legal term attractive nuisance , which refers to an enticing thing or condition ( such as an unattended ladder leaning against a house ) that might attract a child and cause them injury .
the tort or delict of wrongful conduct by the defendant - usually of the defendant ' s own land - which affects the claimant ' s use of his ( the claimant ' s ) land . in england a public nuisance may be a crime . the core concept involves a continuing interference or harm but single instances have been held enough to prevent repetition .
we present a monte carlo approach to estimation of the recombination fraction theta and the profile likelihood for a dichotomous trait and a single marker gene with 2 alleles . the method is an application of a technique known as ' gibbs sampling ' , in which random samples of each of the unknowns ( here genotypes , theta and nuisance parameters , including the allele frequencies and the penetrances ) are drawn from their posterior distributions , given the data and the current values of all the other unknowns . upon convergence , the resulting samples derive from the marginal distribution of all the unknowns , given only the data , so that the uncertainty in the specification of the nuisance parameters is reflected in the variance of the posterior distribution of theta . prior knowledge about the distribution of theta and the nuisance parameters can be incorporated using a bayesian approach , but adoption of a flat prior for theta and point priors for the nuisance parameters would correspond to the standard likelihood approach . the method is easy to program , runs quickly on a microcomputer , and could be generalized to multiple alleles , multipoint linkage , continuous phenotypes and more complex models of disease etiology . the basic approach is illustrated by application to data on cholesterol levels and an a low - density lipoprotein receptor gene in a single large pedigree .
female intuition sir , as a female follower of a predominantly male sport , i would love to see a woman driver making a name for herself in the upper echelons of motor racing . having said that , i . . .
in my mind , simply having a race car doesn’t make you a race car driver . it might make you someone who drives a race car , and it might even help you on the path to becoming a race driver , but the simple fact of owning the thing doesn’t necessarily make you a true racer . sure , building a killer car that’s clearly quicker than anything else will let you win a lot of races and proves you can put a car together , but it doesn’t guarantee you as a shoe .
brown , carol necole , the categorical lucas rule and the nuisance and background principles exception ( may 8 , 2014 ) . touro law review , forthcoming . available at ssrn : urltoken or urltoken
if you are experiencing any sort of nuisance or anti - social behaviour in your neighbourhood , remember it is important that you contact the right people to deal with your case quickly and efficiently .
many noise problems can be dealt with by the council in a similar manner to other nuisance problems . under the environmental protection act 1990 , noise emitted from premises and noise from vehicles , machinery and equipment in the street are categories of nuisance problem that can be dealt with by the council . certain types of noise problems are not covered by any noise control legislation , for example road traffic , trains , aircraft and noise from military premises .
the claims managers , for a cut of your compensation and sometimes an up - front fee , will chase a claim for a mis - sold loan or insurance from your bank .
it admitted to an undercover reporter from money mail posing as a claims - management firm owner that it would sell details for £34 a piece — with a minimum of 50 names .
a village operator applied to the tribunal seeking an order that a resident was in breach of a village rule by parking his motor home in the parking space opposite the resident’s home .
orders were made for the resident to comply with the terms and conditions of his residence contract not to cause or permit any nuisance and to respect the rights of the other village residents , with a right to relist the matter for a further tribunal hearing in the event that the resident did not comply with those orders .
a self - help remedy , abatement by the plaintiff , is available under limited circumstances . this privilege must be exercised within a reasonable time after learning of the nuisance and usually requires notice to the defendant and the defendant ' s failure to act . reasonable force may be used to employ the abatement , and a plaintiff may be liable for unreasonable or unnecessary damages . for example , dead tree limbs extending dangerously over a neighbor ' s house may be removed by the neighbor in danger , after notifying the offending landowner of the nuisance . in cases where an immediate danger to health , property , or life exists , no notification is necessary .
goodwood — that last surviving tribute to the club atmosphere of british motor racing — is under threat of closure by residents of nearby housing estates . what a shame ! goodwood is one of the few remaining venues which lack the commercialism of modern motor racing ( for which local residents should surely be thankful ) and is a place where true enthusiasts clubs and organisations ( such as ourselves , motor heritage , who operate a once yearly charity event for historic cars ) , can go and retain some of the flavour of past motor racing today .
an act which is harmful or offensive to the public or a member of it and for which there is a legal remedy .
the old - timers in this trade recall how this form of drag racing , which they believe was unharmful for public and “organised” , has had a slow death due to the police crackdown . and as a result , many youth take up busy roads for racing , and in the process cause nuisance or sometimes maim or kill other road users .
while it was known that he was a motoring enthusiast ( i believe he owned a two - seater riley , with a special radiator grille , very pretty ) , and i remember seeing him driving an xk120 on the road , little was known about his motor racing activities , apart from a mention in the local newspaper of a g . a . t . weldon who raced a healey silverstone ( there were few motoring publications in those days ) . i never knew that he had competed at le mans in a blown atalantic .
the parties reached a consent agreement terminating the residence contract and allowing sufficient time to find alternative suitable accommodation in a nearby nursing home .
in scotland there is no distinction between public and private nuisance . in scotland there will be no liability for damages without proof of fault although in most cases that would be called nuisance there will be an almost irresistible inference of fault . scots law remains very similar to the english law where the remedy sought is interdict ( the scots equivalent of injunction ) , the courts will restrain any use of land that results in unreasonable inconvenience to another .
whether you are one of our tenants or you are a witness making a complaint about one of our tenants , we are here to listen and help in the best way we can . you don’t have to worry because all reports of nuisance and anti - social behaviour are treated with complete confidentiality as we take the safety of our tenants and witnesses seriously .
a retirement village was experiencing an increase vacancy rate and a decline in business . as a result the village operator sought to increase the recurrent charges payable by the residents to account for a shortfall in the village budget . the operator sent all residents a proposed annual budget which put forward an increase of $ 10 per fortnight in the recurrent charges .
examples of private nuisances abound . nuisances that interfere with the physical condition of the land include vibration or blasting that damages a house ; destruction of crops ; raising of a water table ; or the pollution of soil , a stream , or an underground water supply . examples of nuisances interfering with the comfort , convenience , or health of an occupant are foul odors , noxious gases , smoke , dust , loud noises , excessive light , or high temperatures . moreover , a nuisance may also disturb an occupant ' s mental tranquility , such as a neighbor who keeps a vicious dog , even though an injury is only threatened and has not actually occurred .
substantial interference the law is not intended to remedy trifles or redress petty annoyances . to establish liability under a nuisance theory , interference with the plaintiff ' s interest must be substantial . determining substantial interference in cases where the physical condition of the property is affected will often be fairly straightforward . more challenging are those cases predicated on personal inconvenience , discomfort , or annoyance . to determine whether an interference is substantial , courts apply the standard of an ordinary member of the community with normal sensitivity and temperament . a plaintiff cannot , by putting his or her land to an unusually sensitive use , make a nuisance out of the defendant ' s conduct that would otherwise be relatively harmless .
these example sentences are selected automatically from various online news sources to reflect current usage of the word ' nuisance . ' views expressed in the examples do not represent the opinion of merriam - webster or its editors . send us feedback .
whether you ' re a student , an educator , or a lifelong learner , urltoken can put you on the path to systematic vocabulary improvement .
a village resident began leaving the premises during the night and was found wandering around the neighbouring streets on a number of occasions by local residents .
this let ms . shoemaker think about and plan for retirement almost from the start : she maxxed out her plan early in her career . if the proposed legislation goes into practice , this kind of preparedness is what the maryland small business retirement savings board has in mind even for workers without the 401 ( k ) , employer - matching luxuries of key tech : young maryland residents who can move with their money without worrying about a new employer resistant to taking on another company’s retirement package .
in an attempt to escape liability , a defendant may argue that legislation ( such as zoning laws or licenses ) authorizes a particular activity . legislative authority will not excuse a defendant from liability if the conduct is unreasonable .
if a claims - management firm is found to have bought information that has not been properly checked , they could face a £500 , 000 fine .
from my perspective , after spending years in the sport , a racer is someone who has the combination of skills that lets them compete in a series where equipment is grounded and equalized , be it club or pro . a racer is a racer , whether they get paid to do it or not .
neither the ministry of justice , which regulates claims firms in the uk , the information commissioner — who is charged with protecting our personal information — nor the telephone preference service — which is supposed to block nuisance calls — can do anything about it .
a typical call centre agent in hyderabad , india , who speaks good english , is paid just £92 a month for a nine - hour daily shift . but if agents hit their targets their salary can soar with commission payments .
baltimore — workers in their 20s and 30s are changing jobs at a record pace , yet they often view retirement stability as a back - burner issue .
it ' s not just young people that commit nuisance behaviour . behaving antisocially can have serious consequences no matter how old you are - getting fined , arrested , tagged or even sent to prison could affect your relationship , your career and your social life .
one of the godfathers of the illegal bike racing circuit in chennai is 41 - year - old bhaskar , a mechanic from triplicane . the lean , balding man is a local hero to the kids and a prodigy to his peers .
a spokeswoman said : ‘we take a zero - tolerance approach to any malpractice or attempts to take advantage of customers , which is why we have a dedicated complaints unit investigating claims - management companies that mis - handle ppi claims . ’
an officer from the environmental health unit of the housing & environmental health service is on standby even when the council offices are closed to deal with the most serious and urgent nuisance problems that occur . a company known as centra administers the council’s emergency reporting system on a 24 hour basis , 365 days per year . to contact this emergency out of hours service , call 01264 368000 and follow the instructions for emergencies .
after a highly successful and fulfilling career as a professional jockey , pat hyland and wife maree , searched for a location close to all metropolitan tracks , with a natural environment for horses to reside whilst being trained from the state of the art facilities of the cranbourne training complex . pat hyland racing was established and now 22 years later , pat has created amazing success as a professional horse trainer .
[ regardless of the merits of the rover 213 , i believe that in the context of a
top car
contest it would be wrong to give arg credit for putting a rover badge on a honda . in exactly the same way were one to judge a contest for technical excellence in f1 , one would surely give the prize to porsche , not tag . had the same car been presented as a honda it would have been a different matter . — ml . )
are ai robots a fund manager ' s best friend or machines . . .
he also has sydney cups , adelaide cups , brisbane cups and a caulfield cup on his mantelpiece , as well as a golden slipper . williams has owned derby winners in sydney and melbourne and was a committee member of the victoria racing club .
the tribunal member found that the woman had moved out of the unit , regardless of what her intentions or wishes were about moving back to the premises , on the basis that the statement given to the village that the deceased might return was uncertain and sufficiently vague that it could not be relied upon . under these circumstances , the tribunal member determined the village operator had failed to make the notification within the prescribed time and that the buy - back option was therefore inoperative .
after a long innings in this industry , i ' m absolutely delighted to be inducted ,
williams said .
it ' s a great honour .


the magpie perch , magpie morwong or black-striped morwong , cheilodactylus nigripes , is a morwong of the genus cheilodactylus , found off southern australia and northern new zealand from shallow depths to 250 m. its length is between 30 and 50 cm .

the species ' range in australian waters extends from albany in western australia to kiama in new south wales , including south australian , victorian and tasmanian waters .

it lives on rocky reefs , where it feeds upon mollusks , polychaetes and algae .

the magpie morwong is able to change its appearance by " turning off " its central black band almost instantly .

magpie perch

the magpie perch can change colours in a matter of seconds , turning its first black stripe to white and its centre stripe to grey .
the magpie perch isn ' t related to magpies or to the true perches . it belongs to the family cheilodactylidae , also known as the morwongs .
a juvenile magpie perch , cheilodactylus nigripes , at rapid bay jetty , south australia , december 2003 . source : erik schlogl / inaturalist . org . license : cc by attribution - noncommercial
how to fillet and cook , zander / walleye . , ( pike - perch ) .
hi all , i have seen a few magpie perch and zebrs fish about but i have never really bothered with them because i was unsure about how they faired as a table fish . has anyone tried eating them ? if so , what is the best way to cook them ?
body with three broad black bands , the first on the head , the second encircling the body behind the head and the third crossing the anal fin and soft dorsal fin . the middle band is dark in some individuals and light grey in others and the reddish tail of juveniles darkens with maturity . individuals rapidly change colour by lightening the dark bands . magpie perch often shelter in small groups in caves .
the magpie perch is easily identified by the characteristic pattern of black and white stripes . the adults are seen in small schools scattered by the deep coastal reefs . the young ones live alone in shallow bays , protected by rocks and algae . during the night , it hides in holes . while feeding it swallows great quantities of sand that eventually comes out through its gills . this filtering process is very effective , allowing it to keep the small benthic ( i . e . , bottom - dwelling ) invertebrates it feeds on .
the species has a pale head and body with three dark bands , the central band usually the darkest . interestingly , the fish can
turn off
the central band almost instantly , dramatically changing its colour pattern .
the species is found in temperate marine wates from albany in western australia to kiama in new south wales . it is also found in tasmania .
the map below shows the australian distribution of the species based on public sightings and specimens in australian museums . click on the map for detailed information . source : atlas of living australia .
gomon , m . f . , bray , d . & r . h . kuiter ( eds ) . 2008 . the fishes of australia ' s southern coast . reed new holland . pp . 928 .
hoese , d . f . , bray , d . j . , paxton , j . r . & g . r . allen . 2006 . fishes . in beesley , p . l . & a . wells . ( eds ) zoological catalogue of australia . volume 35 . abrs & csiro publishing : australia . parts 1 - 3 , pages 1 - 2178 .
hutchins , b . & r . swainston . 1986 . sea fishes of southern australia . complete field guide for anglers and divers . swainston publishing . pp . 180 .
hutchins , b . & m . thompson . 1983 . the marine and estuarine fishes of south - western australia . western australian museum . pp . 103 .
kuiter , r . h . 2000 . coastal fishes of south - eastern australia . gary allen . pp . 437 . last , p . r . , scott , e . o . g . & f . h . talbot . 1983 . fishes of tasmania . tasmanian fisheries development authority . pp . 563 .
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allen , g . r . & heemstra , p . c . 1976 ,
cheilodactylus rubrolabiatus , a new species of morwong ( pisces : cheilodactylidae ) from western australia , with a key to the cheilodactylid fishes of australia
, records of the western australian museum , vol . 4 , no . 4 , pp . 311 - 325 figs 1 - 2
saville - kent , w . 1888 ,
notes on the identity of certain tasmanian fishes
, papers and proceedings of the royal society of tasmania , vol . 1887 , pp . 47 - 48
compiled by roberts , c . d . ; paulin , c . d . ; stewart , a . l . ; mcphee , r . p . ; mcdowall , r . m . , king , c . m . ; roberts , c . d . ; bell , b . d . ; fordyce , r . e . ; nicol , r . s . ; worthy , t . h . ; paulin , c . d . ; hitchmough , r . a . ; keyes , i . w . ; baker , a . n . ; stewart , a . l . ; hiller , n . ; mcdowall , r . m . ; holdaway , r . n . ; mcphee , r . p . ; schwarzhans , w . w . ; tennyson , a . j . d . ; rust , r . ; macadie , i . 24 : phylum chordata : lancelets , fishes , amphibians , reptiles , birds , mammals , checklist of new zealand chordata . living lancelets , jawless fishes , cartilaginous fishes , and bony fishes . in : new zealand inventory of biodiversity volume 1 .
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : 7d3ff94d - 53e4 - 4946 - 88d7 - 89999c9c1286
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : f48ea118 - 2084 - 42d8 - aa57 - fe0b6c64cf9a
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . name : 421986
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recorded from about kiama , nsw . to albany , wa , and also in northern new zealand . inhabits sheltered and exposed coastal reefs , and found in caves and under overhangs .
, a new species of morwong ( pisces : cheilodactylidae ) from western australia , with a key to the cheilodactylid fishes of australia .
hutchins , j . b . 2001 . biodiversity of shallow reef fish assemblages in western australia using a rapid censusing technique .
kuiter , r . h . 1994 . family cheilodactylidae . pp . 644 - 655 , figs 566 - 574 in gomon , m . f . , glover , c . j . m . & kuiter , r . h . ( eds ) .
roberts , c . d . & gomon , m . f . 2008 . families cheilodactylidae and latridae . pp . 624 - 632 in gomon . m . f . , bray , d . j . & kuiter , r . h ( eds ) .
common in southern australia , feeds by sifting sand through it ' s mouth and exiting waste through gill slits . this one filmed at port noarlunga reef , adelaide of south australia
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a morwong of the genus cheilodactylus , found off the coasts of southern australia .
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the reef is the centrepiece of the port noarlunga aquatic reserve and has been an important place for open water training for new scuba divers for many years . it can be accessed from the shore , or by boat , but is more usually accessed via the steps at the end of the jetty . the inner side of the reef provides safe . . .
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found on rocky reefs ( ref . 9563 ) . feeds on mollusks , polychaetes and algae ( ref . 2156 ) .
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don ' t bother mate . plenty of good eating species in vic - why target zebs & maggies ? they are predominantly weed eaters and there flesh reflects this .
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ it ' s shining in the harbour . . . .
magies arnt to bad mate , not the best but there is worse out there ! forget the zebs no good . i keep it simple , flour egg and in the pan with a little butter .
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jay 's river snail also known as the rugose rocksnail , scientific name lithasia jayana , is a species of small freshwater snail with a gill and an operculum , an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family pleuroceridae , the hornsnails .

this speciet is endemic to the united states .

jay ' s river snail

51 . flying snail 52 . freshwater snail 53 . gabb ' s snail 54 . gabbs snail 55 . garden snail 56 . gary the snail 57 . geniculate river snail 58 . giant african land snail 59 . giant african snail 60 . giant east african snail 61 . giant land snail 62 . giant snail 63 . glass - snail 64 . glass snail 65 . green snail 66 . grove snail 67 . harp snail 68 . have you seen this snail 69 . hydrobiid snail 70 . iwasaki ' s snail - eater 71 . iwasakis snail eater 72 . japanese snail 73 . jay ' s river snail 74 . jays river snail 75 . land snail
1 . achatine snail 2 . african land snail 3 . african snail 4 . agate snail 5 . aldabra banded snail 6 . amber snail 7 . apple snail 8 . armigerous river snail 9 . australian red snail 10 . australian snail 11 . awl snail 12 . azalia snail 13 . badwater snail 14 . banded dune snail 15 . banded florida tree snail 16 . banff springs snail 17 . bermuda land snail 18 . bicolor cactus snail 19 . black turban snail 20 . bliss rapids snail 21 . boulder pile mountain snail 22 . boulder snail 23 . brown snail 24 . bubble snail 25 . burgundy snail
26 . california brackish water snail 27 . carrier snail 28 . chinese mystery snail 29 . chittenango ovate amber snail 30 . cinnamon snail 31 . clusterwink snail 32 . coffee bean snail 33 . cone snail 34 . cone snail sting 35 . cone snail venom 36 . conus snail 37 . decollate snail 38 . decollated awl snail 39 . desmoulin ' s whorl snail 40 . desmoulins whorl snail 41 . dew snail 42 . dune snail 43 . ear snail 44 . edible snail 45 . emerald green snail 46 . everglade snail kite 47 . flamingo tongue snail 48 . flat - spired three - toothed snail 49 . flat spired three toothed snail 50 . flax snail
76 . legend of the golden snail 77 . lig snail 78 . looping snail 79 . lord howe flax snail 80 . malayan snail - eating turtle 81 . malayan snail eating turtle 82 . marine snail 83 . marsh snail 84 . mekong snail - eating turtle 85 . mekong snail eating turtle 86 . milk snail 87 . mitchell ' s rainforest snail 88 . mitchells rainforest snail 89 . moon snail 90 . moses on a snail 91 . mount matafao different snail 92 . mud snail 93 . murex snail 94 . mystery snail 95 . new zealand flax snail 96 . new zealand mud snail 97 . newcomb ' s snail 98 . newcombs snail 99 . northern moon snail 100 . o ' ahu tree snail
glenn , c . r . 2006 .
earth ' s endangered creatures - jay ' s river snail facts
( online ) - licensed article from wikipedia : the free encyclopedia . accessed
wikipedia article copyright notice : this article is licensed under the gnu free documentation license . it uses material from the wikipedia article
jay ' s river snail
.
facts summary : the jay ' s river snail ( lithasia jayana ) is a species of concern belonging in the species group
snails
and found in the following area ( s ) : tennessee . this species is also known by the following name ( s ) : rugose rocksnail .
burch ( 1989 ) cites forks of the cumberland river ; caney fork , tennessee , near the mouth ( from goodrich , 1940 ) in smith co . davis ( 1974 ) found it inhabiting the duck river from bedford to humphreys co . the caney fork population has long been extirpated and the duck river population was the last to disappear ( bogan and parmalee 1983 ) . the taxonomic status of recently collected specimens needs evaluation ( dillon and johnson 2004 ) .
gland , switzerland , 5 july 2018 ( iucn ) – australia’s unique reptiles – including lizards and snakes – face severe threats from invasive species and climate change , with 7 % of th . . .
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dyer , e . , soulsby , a . - m . , whitton , f . , mcguinness , s . , de silva , r . , milligan , h . t . , kasthala , g . , herdson , r . , thorley , j . , mcmillan , k . & collins , a .
johnson , p . d . , bogan , a . e . , brown , k . m . , burkhead , n . m . , cordeiro , j . r . , garner , j . t . , hartfield , p . d . , lepitzki , d . a . w . , mackie , g . l . , pip , e . , tarpley , t . a . , tiemann , j . s . , whelan , n . v . and strong , e . e . 2013 . conservation status of freshwater gastropods of canada and the united states . fisheries 38 ( 6 ) : 247 - 282 .
this species formerly was limited to specific stretches of the duck river , tennessee ( most recently bedford to humphreys cos . ) ; it can no longer be found from the caney fork where formerly it occurred near the mouth ( burch 1989 ) in smith co . , though it may be in deep water of cumberland ( bogan and parmalee 1983 ) . currently it is likely to be extinct as it has not been seen in in more than twenty years . it was endemic to caney fork but the population was destroyed by usace center hill dam on caney fork . recently , specimens were possibly found by dillon and johnson ( 2004 ) , although r . minton ( pers . comm . 2009 ) believes this species is extinct and that the individuals recorded were of a different taxa , possibly armigera . thus , taxonomic clarification of this species and the recently collected specimens is needed in order to resolve the red list status of this species .
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the value of medicinal and aromatic plant trade has increased three - fold in the past 20 years , but traditional harvesting practices are being replaced by less sustainable alternatives . . . .
a recently released iucn technical brief recommends increasing investments in sustainable land management practices , as well as better cooperation between agriculturalists and conservationists to conse . . .
kuala lumpur , malaysia , 8th june 2018—the online pet trade has emerged as a pressing threat to otters in southeast asia with a new traffic - iucn otter specialist group ( osg ) study revealing hundre . . .
and proposed that it was synonymous . further work is needed to ascertain taxonomy . in an unpublished review this species is synonymized with
nothing specific has been published for this species . it is likely to occur in the vicinity of riffles in flowing water in coarse particle substrata ( i . e . , cobbles , boulder , bedrock ) .
in the past the major threat to this species was habitat loss through impoundment .
this species was previously categorised as - vulnerable on the 1996 red list ( a2ce ) , and endangered before . targeted surveys are needed to determine the present status . further research is required to ascertain the taxonomy and distribution .
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