elachista brachyelythrifoliella is a moth of the elachistidae family .

it is found in the united states , where it has been recorded from alabama , california , florida , indiana , kentucky , mississippi , ohio , pennsylvania , virginia and washington .

the wingspan is 5.5-7.5 mm .

the basal third of the forewings is gray , shading to dark blackish brown outwardly .

a white line follows the costal margin from near the base of the costa , diverging from the costa as a short streak ending just within the dark brown portion of the wing .

there is a pair of silvery white spots just beyond the middle .

the hindwings are dark brownish gray .

adults have been recorded on wing nearly year round .

the larvae feed on brachyelytrum aristatum and muehlenbergia species .

they mine the leaves of their host plant .

the mine starts as a fine linear gallery , often following the margin of the leaf .

it later becomes an elongate blotch .

sometimes a second mine is made .

mining larvae can be found from early july to october .

pupation takes place in a crevice beneath two layers of silk .

elachista brachyelythrifoliella

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thiotricha acrantha is a moth of the gelechiidae family .

it was described by meyrick in 1908 .

it is found in india ( assam ) .

the wingspan is about 10 mm .

the forewings are shining ochreous-whitish with an acutely angulated whitish line from four-fifths of the costa to the tornus , edged anteriorly on the upper half by a blackish streak , elsewhere indistinctly with fuscous , the angle nearly reaching the apex .

the apex is faintly rosy-tinged and there are small blackish dots at the apex and on the termen towards the apex .

the hindwings are light grey , thinly scaled towards the base and with a dark grey apical dot .

thiotricha acrantha

thiotricha acrantha meyrick , 1908 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 18 ( 2 ) : 440 ; tl : khasi hills
thiotricha pontifera meyrick , 1932 ; exotic microlep . 4 ( 7 ) : 196
thiotricha synodonta meyrick , 1936 ; exotic microlep . 5 ( 2 ) : 45
thiotricha fridaella legrand , 1958 ; bull . soc . ent . fr . 63 : 142
thiotricha atractodes meyrick , 1922 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 16 ) : 502 ; tl : queensland , cairns
thiotricha complicata meyrick , 1918 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 4 ) : 122 ; tl : coorg , dibidi
thiotricha nephodesma meyrick , 1918 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 4 ) : 125 ; tl : assam , khasis
thiotricha obvoluta meyrick , 1918 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 4 ) : 126 ; tl : assam , khasis
thiotricha oxygramma meyrick , 1918 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 4 ) : 123 ; tl : assam , khasis
thiotricha polyaula meyrick , 1918 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 4 ) : 125 ; tl : assam , khasis
thiotricha rhodomicta meyrick , 1918 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 4 ) : 126 ; tl : assam , khasis
thiotricha synacma meyrick , 1918 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 4 ) : 124 ; tl : assam , khasis
thiotricha xanthaspis meyrick , 1918 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 4 ) : 122 ; tl : assam , khasis
thiotricha ( thiotrichinae ) ; karsholt , mutanen , lee & kaila , 2013 , syst . ent . 38 : 343
thiotricha amphixysta meyrick , 1929 ; exot . microlep . 3 ( 16 ) : 500 ; tl : assam , khasis
thiotricha attenuata ; ueda & fujiwara , 2005 , trans . lepid . soc . japan 56 ( 1 ) : 75
thiotricha aucupatrix meyrick , 1929 ; exot . microlep . 3 ( 16 ) : 499 ; tl : peru , iquitos
thiotricha celata ; ueda & fujiwara , 2005 , trans . lepid . soc . japan 56 ( 1 ) : 75
thiotricha clepsidoxa meyrick , 1929 ; exot . microlep . 3 ( 16 ) : 499 ; tl : ceylon , maskeliya
thiotricha coleella ; [ nhm card ] ; huemer , 1993 , nota lepid . 16 : 55 ; [ fe ]
thiotricha hamulata meyrick , 1921 ; zool . meded . leyden 6 : 162 ; tl : java , preangor , 5000ft
thiotricha hexanesa meyrick , 1929 ; exot . microlep . 3 ( 16 ) : 501 ; tl : ceylon , maskeliya
thiotricha janitrix meyrick , 1912 ; exot . microlep . 1 ( 2 ) : 64 ; tl : bengal , pusa
thiotricha obliquata ; ueda & fujiwara , 2005 , trans . lepid . soc . japan 56 ( 1 ) : 75
thiotricha rabida meyrick , 1929 ; exot . microlep . 3 ( 16 ) : 500 ; tl : assam , khasis
thiotricha cuneiformis meyrick , 1918 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 4 ) : 124 ; tl : coorg , dibidi , 3500ft
thiotricha pancratiastis meyrick , 1921 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 14 ) : 426 ; tl : assam , shillong , 5000ft
thiotricha pyrphora meyrick , 1918 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 4 ) : 122 ; tl : coorg , dibidi , 3500ft
thiotricha scioplecta meyrick , 1918 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 4 ) : 123 ; tl : assam , shilleong , 5000ft
thiotricha corylella omelko , 1993 ; biol . issl . est . kul ' t . ekosyst . prim . kr . : 209
thiotricha flagellatrix meyrick , 1929 ; exot . microlep . 3 ( 16 ) : 499 ; tl : assam , shillong , 5000ft
thiotricha fusca omelko , 1993 ; biol . issl . est . kul ' t . ekosyst . prim . kr . : 204
thiotricha indistincta omelko , 1993 ; biol . issl . est . kul ' t . ekosyst . prim . kr . : 205
thiotricha termanthes meyrick , 1929 ; exot . microlep . 3 ( 16 ) : 500 ; tl : assam , shillong , 5000ft
thiotricha tetraphala meyrick , 1886 ; trans . n . z . inst . 18 : 164 ; tl : dunedin , new zealand
thiotricha thorybodes meyrick , 1886 ; trans . n . z . inst . 18 : 164 ; tl : christchurch , new zealand
thiotricha xanthodora meyrick , 1923 ; exot . microlep . 3 ( 1 - 2 ) : 24 ; tl : burma , pyinmana
thiotricha balanopa meyrick , 1918 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 4 ) : 123 ; tl : assam , khasis ; borneo , kuching
thiotricha hemiphaea turner , 1919 ; proc . r . soc . qd 31 ( 10 ) : 118 ; tl : queensland , toowoomba
thiotricha acronipha turner , 1919 ; proc . r . soc . qd 31 ( 10 ) : 118 ; tl : queensland , stradbroke island
thiotricha characias meyrick , 1908 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 18 ( 2 ) : 440 ; tl : palni hills
thiotricha chrysantha meyrick , 1908 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 18 ( 2 ) : 443 ; tl : khasi hills
thiotricha embolarcha meyrick , 1929 ; exot . microlep . 3 ( 16 ) : 500 ; tl : java , mt . salak , 4500ft
thiotricha epiclista meyrick , 1908 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 18 ( 2 ) : 440 ; tl : khasi hills
thiotricha grammitis meyrick , 1908 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 18 ( 2 ) : 442 ; tl : khasi hills
thiotricha hoplomacha meyrick , 1908 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 18 ( 2 ) : 441 ; tl : khasi hills
thiotricha rhodopa meyrick , 1908 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 18 ( 2 ) : 442 ; tl : khasi hills
thiotricha argyrea turner , 1919 ; proc . r . soc . qd 31 ( 10 ) : 118 ; tl : n . queensland , atherton
thiotricha clinopeda meyrick , 1918 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 4 ) : 124 ; tl : coorg , dibidi , 3500ft ; ceylon , maskeliya
thiotricha galenaea meyrick , 1908 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 18 ( 2 ) : 443 ; tl : maskeliya , ceylon
thiotricha glenias meyrick , 1908 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 18 ( 2 ) : 439 ; tl : maskeliya , ceylon
thiotricha nephelodesma meyrick , 1926 ; exot . microlep . 3 ( 9 ) : 280 ; tl : new ireland , st . matthias i .
thiotricha orthiastis meyrick , 1905 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 16 ( 4 ) : 591 ; tl : rawalpindi , punjab
thiotricha pancratiastis ; [ nhm card ] ; ueda & fujiwara , 2005 , trans . lepid . soc . japan 56 ( 1 ) : 75
thiotricha saulotis meyrick , 1906 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 17 ( 1 ) : 138 ; tl : maskeliya , ceylon
thiotricha scotaea meyrick , 1908 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 18 ( 2 ) : 442 ; tl : maskeliya , ceylon
thiotricha trapezoidella ; [ nhm card ] ; ueda & fujiwara , 2005 , trans . lepid . soc . japan 56 ( 1 ) : 75
thiotricha tylephora ; [ nhm card ] ; ueda & fujiwara , 2005 , trans . lepid . soc . japan 56 ( 1 ) : 75
thiotricha centritis meyrick , 1908 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 18 ( 2 ) : 439 ; tl : palni hills , 6000ft
thiotricha galactaea meyrick , 1908 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 18 ( 2 ) : 441 ; tl : palni hills , 6000ft
thiotricha panglycera turner , 1919 ; proc . r . soc . qd 31 ( 10 ) : 117 ; tl : n . queensland , cairns and kuranda
thiotricha prosoestea turner , 1919 ; proc . r . soc . qd 31 ( 10 ) : 116 ; tl : n . queensland , kuranda near cairns
thiotricha anticentra meyrick , 1904 ; proc . linn . soc . n . s . w . 29 ( 2 ) : 296 ; tl : brisbane , queensland
thiotricha balanopa ; [ nhm card ] ; ueda & fujiwara , 2005 , trans . lepid . soc . japan 56 ( 1 ) : 82 ( note )
thiotricha chrysopa meyrick , 1904 ; proc . linn . soc . n . s . w . 29 ( 2 ) : 293 ; tl : brisbane , queensland
thiotricha clidias meyrick , 1908 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 18 ( 2 ) : 439 ; tl : khasi hills ; maskeliya , celon
thiotricha cuneiformis ; [ nhm card ] ; ueda & fujiwara , 2005 , trans . lepid . soc . japan 56 ( 1 ) : 82 ( note )
thiotricha delacma meyrick , 1923 ; exot . microlep . 3 ( 1 - 2 ) : 24 ; tl : s . india , palnis , kodaikanal , 7000ft
thiotricha margarodes meyrick , 1904 ; proc . linn . soc . n . s . w . 29 ( 2 ) : 294 ; tl : rosewood , queensland
thiotricha pteropis meyrick , 1908 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 18 ( 2 ) : 443 ; tl : khasi hills ; maskeliya , ceylon
thiotricha tethela ; [ nhm card ] ; ueda & fujiwara , 2005 , trans . lepid . soc . japan 56 ( 1 ) : 82 ( note )
thiotricha animosella ; meyrick , 1908 , j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 18 ( 2 ) : 439 ; [ nhm card ] ; [ aucl ]
thiotricha majorella ; [ nhm card ] ; huemer , 1993 , nota lepid . 16 : 47 ; [ me3 ] , 37 ( note ) ; [ fe ]
thiotricha niphastis meyrick , 1904 ; proc . linn . soc . n . s . w . 29 ( 2 ) : 296 ; tl : york , west australia
thiotricha arthrodes meyrick , 1904 ; proc . linn . soc . n . s . w . 29 ( 2 ) : 295 ; tl : sydney , new south wales
thiotricha oxyopis ; bradley , 1961 , bull . brit . mus . ( n . h . ) ent . 10 ( 4 ) : 132 ; [ nhm card ]
thiotricha paraconta meyrick , 1904 ; proc . linn . soc . n . s . w . 29 ( 2 ) : 295 ; tl : wollongong , new south wales
thiotricha bullata meyrick , 1904 ; proc . linn . soc . n . s . w . 29 ( 2 ) : 296 ; tl : broken hill , new south wales
thiotricha leucothona meyrick , 1904 ; proc . linn . soc . n . s . w . 29 ( 2 ) : 294 ; tl : murrurundi and sydney , new south wales
thiotricha oxytheces meyrick , 1904 ; proc . linn . soc . n . s . w . 29 ( 2 ) : 293 ; tl : brisbane , queensland ; sydney , new south wales
thiotricha prunifolivora ueda & fujiwara , 2005 ; trans . lepid . soc . japan 56 ( 1 ) : 76 ; tl : japan , honshu , osaka pref . , takatsuki city , bochikoen
thiotricha parthenica meyrick , 1904 ; proc . linn . soc . n . s . w . 29 ( 2 ) : 297 ; tl : sydney , new south wales ; george ' s bay , tasmania
thiotricha angelica bradley , 1961 ; bull . brit . mus . ( n . h . ) ent . 10 ( 4 ) : 131 , pl . 5 , f . 9 ; tl : guadalcanal , honiara
thiotricha eremita bradley , 1961 ; bull . brit . mus . ( n . h . ) ent . 10 ( 4 ) : 132 , pl . 5 , f . 111 ; tl : guadalcanal , honiara
thiotricha melanacma bradley , 1961 ; bull . brit . mus . ( n . h . ) ent . 10 ( 4 ) : 133 , pl . 5 , f . 12 ; tl : guadalcanal , honiara
thiotricha tethela bradley , 1961 ; bull . brit . mus . ( n . h . ) ent . 10 ( 4 ) : 131 , pl . 5 , f . 10 ; tl : guadalcanal , honiara
thiotricha subocellea ; [ nhm card ] ; huemer , 1993 , nota lepid . 16 : 51 ; ueda & fujiwara , 2005 , trans . lepid . soc . japan 56 ( 1 ) : 75 ; [ fe ]
thiotricha synodonta ; [ nhm card ] ; park , 1991 , ann . hist . - nat . mus . hung . 83 : 121 ; ueda & fujiwara , 2005 , trans . lepid . soc . japan 56 ( 1 ) : 75
korea , china ( jilin ) , japan , se . siberia . see [ maps ]
chinochrysa diakonoff , 1954 ; verh . k . akad . wet . amst . ( 2 ) 50 ( 1 ) : 10
gelechia ( ptocheuusa ) cleodorella zeller , 1877 ; horae soc . ent . ross . 13 : 355 , pl . 5 , f . 120 ; tl : bogota
ptocheuusa coleella constant , 1885 ; ann . soc . ent . fr . ( 6 ) 4 : 255 , pl . 10 , f . 16 ; tl : alpes - maritimes
polyhymno corylella ; ponomarenko , park & bae , 2006 , j . asia - pacif . ent . 9 ( 2 ) : 107
dissobola meyrick , 1935 ; exotic microlep . 4 ( 18 - 19 ) : 561
polyhumno fusca ; ponomarenko , park & bae , 2006 , j . asia - pacif . ent . 9 ( 2 ) : 108
gemmulans meyrick , 1931 ; exotic microlep . 4 ( 2 - 4 ) : 63
polyhymno ? godmani walsingham , [ 1892 ] ; proc . zool . soc . lond . 1891 : 525 ; tl : west indies , st . vincent
polyhymno indistincta ; ponomarenko , park & bae , 2006 , j . asia - pacif . ent . 9 ( 2 ) : 108
polyhymno laterestriata walsingham , 1897 ; proc . zool . soc . lond . 1897 : 78
lindsayi philpott , 1927 ; trans . n . z . inst . 58 : 84
herzegovina , croatia , n . italy , s . france ( alpes - maritimes ) , greece . see [ maps ]
ptocheuusa majorella rebel , 1910 ; verh . zool . - bot . ges . wien 60 : 28 ; tl : herzegovina
microrrhoda meyrick , 1935 ; exotic microlep . 4 ( 18 - 19 ) : 586
oleariae hudson , 1928 ; butt . & moths n . z . : 254
polyhymno pontifera ; bae , lee & park , 2014 , ent . res . 44 : 19 ( list )
larva on symplocos prunifolia ueda & fujiwara , 2005 , trans . lepid . soc . japan 56 ( 1 ) : 81
eu , european russia , china ( gansu , shaanxi , jilin ) , japan . see [ maps ]
syncentritis meyrick , 1935 ; exotic microlep . 4 ( 18 - 19 ) : 586
mystax trapezoidella caradja , 1920 ; dt . ent . z . iris 34 ( 1 / 2 ) : 138 ; tl : kasakewitsch
mystax trichoma caradja , 1920 ; dt . ent . z . iris 34 ( 1 / 2 ) : 136 ; tl : kasakewitsch
polyhymno tylephora meyrick , 1935 ; mat . microlep . fauna chin . prov . : 68
anacampsis wollastoni walsingham , 1894 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1894 : 545 ; tl : madeira
[ afromoths ] de prins , j . & de prins , w . , 2013
sangmi lee , richard brown & sibyl bucheli . gelechioidea - a global framework ;
[ maps ] warning ! the maps are automatically generated from the textual information , and the process does not always produce acceptable result ; see about maps for more info .
microlepidoptera from the solomon islands . additional records and descriptions of microlepidoptera collected in the solomon islands by the rennell island expedition 1953 - 54
microlepidoptera of new guinea , results of the third archbold expedition ( american - netherlands indian expedition 1938 - 1939 ) . part iv
systematische bearbeitung der schmetterlinge von europa , zugleich als text , revision und supplement zu j . hübner ' s sammlung europäischer schmetterlinge , die schaben und federmotten , ( 1847 - ) 1853 - 1855 )
zeller , 1877 exotische microlepidopteren horae soc . ent . ross . 13 : 3 - 493 , pl . 1 - 6
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to cite this page : myers , p . , r . espinosa , c . s . parr , t . jones , g . s . hammond , and t . a . dewey . 2018 . the animal diversity web ( online ) . accessed at https : / / animaldiversity . org .
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the green-tailed warbler ( microligea palustris ) , also known as the green-tailed ground warbler , is a species of songbird endemic to the island of hispaniola ( haiti and the dominican republic ) and adjacent islets .

it has occurred as a vagrant on turks and caicos islands .

the bird is 12 – 14 cm long , with a long tail , olive green upper-parts , grayish head , face and throat .

under-parts are off-white .

the eye , which is red in adults and brown in juveniles , is surrounded by an incomplete white eye-ring .

generally placed in the new world " warbler " family parulidae , it constitutes a monotypic genus microligea .

recently it has turned out to be too distant from the parulidae proper to be included there with good justification , while including it thraupidae has been accepted since dna evidence supports that it belongs in the same clade as its sister genus xenoligea , and the phaenicophilus palm-tanagers .

the bird is insectivorous and usually rummages close to ground level and in the underbrush .

its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests , subtropical or tropical moist montane forests , and heavily degraded former forest , ranging in altitude from sea level to montane highs of over 2,500 meters .

the population of beata island is thought to be an endemic subspecies : m. palustris vasta .

green - tailed warbler

stamps showing green - tailed warbler microligea palustris green - tailed warbler microligea palustris 222 . 035 green - tailed warbler ioc v2 . 4 : 9614 links will open countrypage in new window - dominican republic 11 . 11 . more
the green - tailed warbler is classified as least concern . does not qualify for a more at risk category . widespread and abundant taxa are included in this category .
* green - tailed warbler , microligea palustris ( not a parulid ) * yellow - headed warbler , teretistris fernandinae ( not a parulid ) : endemic to cuba . its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests and subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests . * oriente warbler , teretistris fornsi : endemic to cuba . more
other synonyms catalan : bosquerola cuaverda czech : lesnácek zelenoocasý , lesňáček zelenoocasý danish : grønhale german : graubrust - palmtangare , graubrust - waldsänger english : gray - breasted ground warbler , green tailed warbler , green - tailed ground warbler , green - tailed ground - warbler , green - tailed warbler , green - tailed warbler tanager , grey - breasted ground warbler , ground warbler spanish : chipe de cola verde , ciguíta cola verde , cigüita cola verde , cigüita coliverde , reinita coliverde spanish ( dominican rep . ) : ciguíta cola verde , cigüita cola verde , cigüita coliverde spanish ( spain ) : reinita coliverde estonian : rohesaba - säälik finnish : haitinviherkerttuli , hispaniolanviherkerttuli french : ligéa aux yeux rouges , paruline aux yeux rouges , paruline terrestre , tangara aux yeux rouges french ( haiti ) : tangara aux yeux rouges haitian creole french : ti chit lasèl italian : parula codaverde , parula terricola codaverde japanese : akaamerikamushikui , akamemujiamerikamushikui japanese : アカアメリカムシクイ , アカメムジアメリカムシクイ latin : ligea palustris , microligea palustris , microligea palustris palustris lithuanian : dirvinis parulidas dutch : haïtizanger , haïti - zanger norwegian : grønnhaleparula polish : gaszczarka , gąszczarka portuguese : mariquita - de - rabo - verde russian : земляной певун slovak : nížinárka zelenochvostá swedish : grönstjärtad sångtangara , grönstjärtad skogssångare chinese : 绿尾地莺 chinese ( traditional ) : 綠尾地鶯
endemic to the island of hispaniola , the green - tailed warbler ( or green - tailed ground - tanager ) has presented considerable problems to systematists attempting to classify it , having been variously considered a warbler , a tanager , or even just ‘dumped’ in the taxonomic equivalent of ‘don’t know’ , as incertae sedis . it is a slender , rather long - tailed and distinctively plumaged bird , predominantly green above , with whitish - gray underparts , a gray crown and nape , and red irides . two subspecies are generally recognized ; although their ranges demand re - evaluation and clarification , m . p . vasta is possibly restricted to the offshore isla beata . the green - tailed warbler usually occurs in pairs or as part of mixed - species flocks , at least in the non - breeding season , and from sea level to well over 2000 m , although it is typically commonest at middle and high elevations . the species is found in a variety of well - wooded habitats from desertic thorn scrub to moist broadleaf forest , and it is principally restricted to the dominican republic but also ranges narrowly into southeastern haiti .
curson , j . ( 2018 ) . green - tailed warbler ( microligea palustris ) . in : del hoyo , j . , elliott , a . , sargatal , j . , christie , d . a . & de juana , e . ( eds . ) . handbook of the birds of the world alive . lynx edicions , barcelona . ( retrieved from urltoken on 9 july 2018 ) .
photo wanted the green - tailed warbler ( microligea palustris ) is a species of bird in the parulidae family . it is monotypic ( one single species ) within the genus microligea . it is found in the dominican republic and haiti . its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests , subtropical or tropical moist montane forests , and heavily degraded former forest . copyright : wikipedia . this article is licensed under the gnu free documentation license . it uses material from wikipedia . more
14·5 cm ; 9·5–15·2 g . nominate race has grey head and upper mantle ( faintly washed olive ) , contrasting olive - green upperparts ; white crescents above . . .
the bird is 12–14 cm long , with a long tail , olive green upper - parts , grayish head , face and throat . under - parts are off - white . the eye , which is red in adults and brown in juveniles , is surrounded by an incomplete white eye - ring . populations on higher ground tend to be larger and darker than those in lowlands .
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del hoyo , j . , collar , n . j . , christie , d . a . , elliott , a . , fishpool , l . d . c . , boesman , p . and kirwan , g . m . 2016 . hbw and birdlife international illustrated checklist of the birds of the world . volume 2 : passerines . lynx edicions and birdlife international , barcelona , spain and cambridge , uk .
justification : although this species may have a restricted range , it is not believed to approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the range size criterion ( extent of occurrence < 20 , 000 km2 combined with a declining or fluctuating range size , habitat extent / quality , or population size and a small number of locations or severe fragmentation ) . despite the fact that the population trend appears to be decreasing , the decline is not believed to be sufficiently rapid to approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the population trend criterion ( > 30 % decline over ten years or three generations ) . the population size has not been quantified , but it is not believed to approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the population size criterion ( < 10 , 000 mature individuals with a continuing decline estimated to be > 10 % in ten years or three generations , or with a specified population structure ) . for these reasons the species is evaluated as least concern .
the global population size has not been quantified , but this species is described as ' fairly common ' ( stotz et al . ( 1996 ) . trend justification : the population is suspected to be in decline owing to ongoing habitat destruction and predation by introduced mongooses .
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) , in neotropical birds online ( t . s . schulenberg , editor ) . cornell lab of ornithology , ithaca , ny , usa . retrieved from neotropical birds online :
pair of birds seen along rabo de gato trail . one bird singing about 4m off ground in dense foliage . not sure if this is the call or song of this species .
equipment : olympus ls - 10 and a sennheiser mke - 400 shotgun microphone .
sonogram images © xeno - canto foundation . sonogram images share the same license terms as the recording they depict .
see xenoligea montana . population recently found in xeric lowlands of nw haiti may represent an additional , as yet undescribed , race . two subspecies recognized .
short rasping call frequently accelerated to form what may be song . song described also as
. . .
little known . feeds largely on insects ; forages mainly in dense undergrowth and thickets .
season may–jun in mountains , possibly slightly earlier in xeric lowlands . nest a cup , placed less than 1 m up in shrub or blackberry . . .
not globally threatened . restricted - range species : present in hispaniola eba . locally fairly common . no population estimates available . has apparently undergone recent . . .
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recently resurrected # r for the two species of phaenicophilus , traditionally included in thraupidae , and expanded to include xenoligea and microligea , imported from parulidae . all are hispaniolan endemics that share olive upperparts , greyish underparts and a broken white eyering ; they also group together genetically # r # r . some authors also include some or all of the taxa currently constituting spindalidae , nesospingidae and calyptophilidae ; these taxa are probably each other’s closest relatives but appear to have separated in distant past , and are probably more realistically treated as separate families # r .
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dusan m . brinkhuizen , j . gonzalez y f . collazo , frédéric pelsy , dubi shapiro .
although this species may have a restricted range , it is not believed to approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the range size criterion ( extent of occurrence < 20 , 000 km2 combined with a declining or fluctuating range size , habitat extent / quality , or population size and a small number of locations or severe fragmentation ) . despite the fact that the population trend appears to be decreasing , the decline is not believed to be sufficiently rapid to approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the population trend criterion ( > 30 % decline over ten years or three generations ) . the population size has not been quantified , but it is not believed to approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the population size criterion ( < 10 , 000 mature individuals with a continuing decline estimated to be > 10 % in ten years or three generations , or with a specified population structure ) . for these reasons the species is evaluated as least concern .
recommended citation birdlife international ( 2018 ) species factsheet : microligea palustris . downloaded from urltoken on 09 / 07 / 2018 . recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species : birdlife international ( 2018 ) iucn red list for birds . downloaded from urltoken on 09 / 07 / 2018 .
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howard and moore 4th edition ( incl . corrigenda vol . 1 - 2 ) :
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hambletonian , was one of the best thoroughbred racehorses of the late 18th century , having won all of his race starts , except one , and was later a good sire .

his victories included two doncaster cups in the late 1790s and the st. leger stakes at doncaster in 1795 .

hambletonian ( horse )

harness racing ' s greatest day , featuring the hambletonian heats & final and hambletonian oaks final hambletonian day has something great for everyo . . . full story
pair up victory song , the 1947 horse of the year with 1958 horse of the year emilys pride and you get noble victory , the 1965 hambletonian favorite and the first horse ever syndicated for $ 1 million .
- donato hanover , the 2007 horse of the year , wins the hambletonian as part of a 19 - race winning streak .
- horse of the year muscle hill wins 20 straight races , capped off by his world race record 1 : 50 . 1 hambletonian romp .
not surprisingly , talk about the horse ' s future began immediately after the hambletonian stakes win at the meadowlands racetrack of new jersey in august . ( the hambletonian is a major race for three - year - olds ) .
a syndication of the horse was revealed with the owners jean wellwood of stratford and her grandson devin keeling of cambridge retaining 25 per cent of the horse .
sports of the times ; call him mr . hambletonian - the new york times
with the headline : sports of the times ; call him mr . hambletonian .
the 93rd hambletonian at the meadowlands will feature a bet that takes horseplayers back to the future – a hambletonian future wager . beginning at n . . . full story
he has won nearly 2 , 400 races , worth more than $ 10 million in purses , but still , mr . hambletonian has won the hambletonian only once .
as in any other worthwhile pursuit , in sport horse breeding : knowledge is power . for sport horse breeders understanding your breeding stocks genetics is paramount to your success .
the hambletonian society , which owns the race , and jeff gural , chairman of the new meadowlands racetrack llc , have an existing contract to host the hambletonian through 2021 .
your horse ' s pedigree is the chart of its genetics . if you understand your horse ' s genetics you will be able to build in prepotency to your herd .
amateur driver malvern burroughs won the hambletonian with malabar man , a horse he owned and bred , on the track he built with his construction company more than 20 years ago .
del miller is more than a diplomat , he ' s mr . hambletonian . billy haughton and ben white each have driven four hambletonian winners , and billy haughton has earned the most hambletonian money , $ 625 , 674 . but del miller has competed in the most hambletonians , 26 , and he ' s the first vice president of the hambletonian society .
historic freight won the hambletonian raceoff from gentle stroke and delvin g hanover for ben webster .
- deweycheatmnhowe wins the hambletonian as the only undefeated winner in the race ' s history .
' ' the best thing about the heat system is that it gives every horse a chance to win . if a horse gets in trouble in a race and can ' t get out , he ' s got another chance in the next heat . the heat system is the fairest system . the best horse in the hambletonian usually wins it . ' '
andy miller of millstone township will be driving devious man in one of two hambletonian eliminations saturday .
john campbell won his record fifth hambletonian with muscles yankee and won his 15th meadowlands driving title .
jerry dahl puts out his horse painting for sale at the 2017 haskell day races at monmouth park .
you can apply this theory to any phase of horse training you care to ; you can apply it to colt training or to horse breaking , or even to the training of the most difficult tricks .
perfect spirit ( right ) finished second but was placed first in the hambletonian on saturday at the meadowlands .
horse take the third turn and head home in race 6 during 2017 haskell day races at monmouth park .
horse jockey for position early in the monmouth stakes race during the 2017 haskell day races at monmouth park .
over 100 years later , this course is still highly referenced and used for quality horse training . his skills and methods have been proven over and over again and are still most adequate today to train any horse .
the tenth year at the meadowlands saw nuclear kosmos become the first new jersey - bred to win the hambletonian . it was also the year of the only match race in big m history as forrest skipper , the undefeated horse of the year , turned away falcon seelster in the u . s . pacing championship on hambletonian day .
the judges deliberated about five minutes before disqualifying the first - place finisher and giving svanstedt his first hambletonian win .
meadowlands racing & entertainment - the world ' s greatest harness racing . home of the hambletonian & the meadowlands pace
j . curtis & n . tallis , the horse from arabia to ascot . london 2012 , nr . 222
on hambletonian day , tagliabue and brothers jim and john campbell pulled off the upset , as filly champion cr kay suzie went on a break and failed to make the final . a stud named sue captured the woodrow wilson en route to divisional honors , and cr kay suzie bounced back from her hambletonian loss to be voted horse of the year .
- broad bahn with george brennan in the bike goes gate to wire to capture the 86th running of the hambletonian .
the ake svansted - trained and driven perfect spirit was awarded the $ 1 million hambletonian when burke ' s first - place finisher what the hill caused another horse to go off stride in the stretch and was disqualified and placed ninth .
research the significant ancestors in your horse ' s background to identify the strengths they already possess - - you don ' t want to waste the good sport lines they might already carry . in sport horse breeding we often use several breeds and we should strive to understand what each breed contributes to the gene pool ( see sport horse recipe page ) .
what follows is the original introduction to the famous prof . jesse beery horse training home - study course . jesse beery was extremely well known in his day and travelled far and wide teaching , displaying and showing his horse skills to thousands .
hambletonian day continues to set north american handle and attendance records in the new meadowlands grandstand , with more than $ 6 . 9 million wagered in 2016 . the hambletonian race is also the longest - running live national tv broadcast in harness racing .
three months ago in this column it was suggested that if the connections of hambletonian winner marion marauder made the decision to retire the horse to stud duty in ontario , it would be a game changer for the province ' s standardbred breeding industry .
dr . bowling said :
we use pedigrees to help us understand what genes a horse may have . . .
the driver luc ouellette finished sixth in the hambletonian with giant keeper , but he still had a successful afternoon . ouellette , 32 , captured the hambletonian oaks behind fern and drove the winners in the oliver wendell holmes and the united states pacing championship .
the 2000 hambletonian drew a crowd of 30 , 026 , the best in six years , and the total wagering of $ 7 , 724 , 420 on the 15 - race card was a hambletonian , meadowlands and harness racing single - day record .
the $ 1 million hambletonian , and the companion race for 3 - year - old fillies , the $ 500 , 000 hambletonian oaks , are the richest of their kind currently offered in harness racing , and among the richest worldwide , regardless of breed .
sir harry tempest vane ' s hambletonian vóór de start in de match tegen mr . cookson ' s diamond op 25 maart 1799
hambletonian ' s burial place in the grounds of wynyard with the former estate dairy in the background . ( courtesy sir john hall )
sir harry tempest vane ' s hambletonian before the start of the match against mr . cookson ' s diamond on march 25 , 1799
marion marauder 1 : 51 . 4 , $ 2 , 209 , 690 , hambletonian , yonkers trot , goodtimes , stanley dancer , kentucky futurity , hambletonian maturity . usa 3yo trotter of the year , usa trotter of the year . triple crown champion ( donerail )
this idea that so many people have , about a horse’s ability to reason , does not benefit the horse , but does him more harm than good , in ninety - nine cases out of one hundred . this harm is generally caused by people punishing the horse for not obeying certain commands , or signals , which he has never been taught and which because of his inability to reason , he cannot understand . there is nothing more harmful to the horse than to punish him when he does not know what it is for .
i selected , as my trick horse , a well - bred hambletonian colt , that was very high - spirited and had a treacherous disposition . charley , as i called him , was certainly full of life , and , on account of his excellent breeding and treacherous disposition , i bought him thinking that he would make a good subject on which i could try out my first theories in horse training .
hambletonian mare ( ch f 1804 ) , 2nd dam of franck ( b c 1833 rainbow ) winner of the prix du jockey club .
on august 8th , mack lobell , a smallish son of mystic park , dominated the hambletonian like no previous winner of the race at the meadowlands . john campbell , in winning the first of a record five hambletonians , called mack lobell the greatest horse he had ever driven .
john campbell captured his third hambletonian with harmonious . it was also the debut of the great pacing filly miss easy . the rangy daughter of amity chief was a favorite of the meadowlands bettors , causing the most minus pools ( six ) of any other horse in track history .
it may not have been a perfect finish in the hambletonian on saturday at the meadowlands , but those connected to perfect spirit will take it .
with more than 16 horses expected to be entered , the hambletonian ' s first heat saturday afternoon will be split into two divisions scheduled to go off at 2 : 43 and 3 : 14 p . m . the first five finishers in each division will return for the second heat at 4 : 34 . if a winner of one of the first - heat divisions also wins the second heat , that horse has won the hambletonian .
you can order a five generation pedigree from some registries , for others you may be on your own to research your horse ' s lineage .
thanks for looking – and all the best with your horse training . if you have any questions at all please feel free to contact us .
hambletonian himself is buried in the grounds of sir henry ' s former home , wynyard park , co . durham where he died 28th march 1818 .
it was the first hambletonian victory for the owner bill perretti . ' ' i ' ve waited 20 years for this , ' ' he said .
i propose to give you , in this introductory course , some of the underlying principles , of colt training and horse breaking . not fine spun theories , but practical , useable knowledge which i grained in a lifetime study of the noblest and most useful animal in all the brute creation—the horse .
beach towel , with trainer - driver ray remmen in the bike , won the meadowlands pace on his way to capturing horse of the year honors .
at the moment , the horse is in maryland where he is being prepared for the next phase of his career which begins in mid - february .
play poker and other games for a great cause at the hambletonian casino night and poker tournament ! details coming soon advance registration for . . . full story
he has sired two hambletonian winners in trixton ( 2014 ) and marion marauder ( 2016 ) and two current world champions , mission brief and southwind frank .
on hambletonian day , space shuttle heated up the track with a 1 : 47 . 4 mile , just a fifth of a second off jenna ' s beach boy ' s record , and two - time horse of the year moni maker bid farewell to the meadowlands with a victory in the nat ray .
' ' i have no regrets , but i ' d like to win another , ' ' del miller said . ' ' if not this year , next year . i got a shot at it next year , too . the other day i told somebody in the stable office , write this horse ' s name up there on the wall , keystone voyager , yes , sir , i ' ll win the hambletonian next year with that horse . ' '
rank horse driver , trainer , owner ken warkentin’s comments 1 wolfgang yannick gingras , jimmy takter , brixton medical , goran falk , hatfield stabl . . .
enjoy our annual seafood festivallive racing begins at 7 : 15 pm featuring eliminations for the hambletonian oaks . admission is free food truck particip . . . full story
for more information contact moira fanning at the hambletonian society ( 732 ) 306 - 6713 or rachel ryan at the meadowlands racetrack ( 201 ) 842 - 5015 .
if you have been having trouble controlling and commanding your horse to do what you want it to do then this course is of extreme value to you . if you’ve ever had problems with a horse crowding you , had trouble lifting their feet , had trouble with them rearing or kicking and dozens other problems , then you can appreciate the methods that are so well presented by prof . beery . also , if you’ve ever had an interest in teaching your horse various tricks then you’ll love this course ! prof . beery shows you how to train your horse to a variety of tricks that will amaze all your friends and pros alike .
undefeated in 12 starts at 3 , muscle hill was the unanimous choice for horse of the year and 3yo trotter of the year in both usa and canada .
in the course of years , certain fundamental principles were evolved which experience proved were unfailingly true and whose application afforded the key to the entire science of horse training .
- for the 34th straight year , the horse of the year ( rock n roll heaven ) competed at the meadowlands - the only track that can say that .
2005 : vivid photo’s victory in the 80th edition of the hambletonian , complemented by an industry record $ 9 million handle , created a picture - perfect ending to the january - august meet . the total hambletonian day handle of $ 9 , 015 , 019 was the highest ever at the meadowlands and set a north american harness racing record .
how do you get started ? before you do anything else you need to examine your horse ' s pedigree . to do that you need to have a reliable copy of it . many horse owners only have what is provided by their registry . some only have the sire and dam identified , while others may only have a partial pedigree .
the more often it is repeated , or the longer the horse has had the habit , the harder it will be to break him of it . for instance , a horse that has had the habit for years will be more difficult to break than the one that has just started the habit , even though the latter does kick harder .
the whip is an important factor in training the colt or horse , when it is used properly and at the right time , in connection with the lines and voice .
the meadowlands resumes live racing on friday with a nine race card beginning at 7 : 15 pm . the overnight mix is highlighted by a few hambletonian . . . full story
east rutherford , n . j . - - frank antonacci will be carrying on a family tradition as he tries to win the $ 1 . 5 million hambletonian on saturday .
so far as the habit of this horse is concerned , it would have been better had there been no driver at all , because the oftener the horse would go past the object alone , the more familiar with it he would become . you will find when you come to the lesson on shying , there is no habit more easily overcome .
this one was a gift . there seemed to be little doubt about the decision that left burke wondering what he has to do to win the hambletonian . he finished a close second the past two years and seemingly had his first hambletonian in hand after david miller got what the hill to the front in the stretch and cruised to a clear - cut victory .
riding the second highest money - winner in the event , ripped , ( 1 : 52 . 3 , $ 694 , 802 ) , is emma peterson . no stranger to great trotters , she was the caretaker of 1999 hambletonian winner self possessed . currently with the noel daley stable , peterson was also the caretaker of 2009 hambletonian runner - up explosive matter .
son of 2010 hambletonian winner muscle massive twice a pass winner & finished second in the pass final , broke in his only qualifier so far @ mohawk on may 11 . . .
inside the barn , arndon was munching hay in the first stall to the left . ' ' he ' s fast , and he ' s a competitor , ' ' del miller said . ' ' if he sees a horse ahead of him on the track in the morning , he ' ll go right around him . he ' s the only horse in the hambletonian who ' s a real front - runner , but he ' ll be in with some good horses - mystic park , incredible nevele , speed bowl . ' '
the hambletonian ‚ diamond match of 1799 the hambletonian - diamond match took place on 25th march 1799 over the beacon course at newmarket . as a six year old hambletonian took part in a north - south match at newmarket for 3000 gs . over the four mile beacon course against mr . cookson ' s diamond . frank buckle , the leading jockey of his day , rode hambletonian . the race aroused enormous interest in yorkshire and many travelled to newmarket to support their champion - who won by half a neck amid ' a hurricane of applause . ' hambletonian started at 5 to 1 on with side betting estimated at 200 , 000 - 300 , 000 guineas . the beacon course was a straight four miles and two furlongs instituted in charles ii ' s time and became disused in the early 19th century . the time for the match is variously given as 7 minutes 15 seconds and 8 minutes and 30 seconds .
since all horses do not resist in the same way , you cannot think of avoiding the wrong things and always doing the right , if you do not understand the disposition of each particular horse you are to handle . you must know that what causes one colt , or horse , to act a certain way might cause another to act just the opposite .
the hambletonian line descended from rysdyk ' s hambletonian through his sons alexander ' s abdallah , george wilkes and electioneer . it was george wilkes who established hambletonian supremacy when he beat the acclaimed ethan allen in 1862 . george wilkes ' grandson joe patchen sired the famous dan patch , who became the idol of america when he paced a mile in 1 : 55 at the 1906 minnesota state fair . these horses and others like them provided the beauty , speed , performance and stamina that characterized the greatest track and road horses this country has ever known .
during all my years on the road , giving public exhibitions , 1 never attempted to handle a single horse without first sizing him up , and looking at his head , from both a side and front view , so that i would know exactly how to handle him . as a result , i never tackled a horse that i did not succeed in training .
in 1992 , artsplace won the horse of the year after going undefeated in 16 starts . but how does a horse win the title as the year’s best in his lowest earning season ( some $ 932 , 000 ) of his three on track ? easy . the biggest purse he went for all year in 1992 was the $ 368 , 100 breeders crown .
- trainer greg peck set the stakes record in both the hambletonian ( 1 : 50 . 1 ) with muscle hill and peter haughton memorial ( 1 : 54 ) with holiday road .
all the time 3 , 1 : 52 . 2 , $ 931 , 366 , breeders crown 2yo , hambletonian oaks , tompkins geers , reynolds memorial ( twice ) ( cantab hall )
east rutherford , n . j . ( ap ) — there was something new in the 92 - year history of the hambletonian . the winner of trotting ' s biggest race was disqualified .
a great many people give the horse credit for a great deal more intelligence than he deserves , and some would even give him the power of reason . while i say more on this subject , later in the lessons . i will tell you my view on that right here . the horse does not have the power to reason . to illustrate , take a horse that is bad to shoe . you might make him gentle to have three of his , feet handled , and , if you did not educate the other foot , he would be as hard to manage , while having that foot shod , as if you had not handled the other three . if the horse could reason , he would know that , if you could handle of his feet without hurting him , you could the fourth . i could give one illustration after another , on this point , because i have proven the statement on every horse i have ever trained .
my definition for horse training is the art of forming useful habits . you must start the habit yourself by making the horse do just what you want him to do . there is only one method by which you can make him do just what you want him to , and that is to punish him for doing the wrong thing and caress him for doing the right thing .
the second heat was the first 2 : 00 mile in the hambletonian ; palin claimed to have timed his colt in 1 : 59 . 3 . the first of three black horses to win . purchased by castleton farm ( frances dodge johnson & her husband , james b . johnson ) during his 2 - year - old year for $ 50 , 000 , hoot mon was sold again for the same price to hanover shoe farm at the end of his racing career . hurt during a shipping accident , hoot mon did not start in the six weeks before the race . the smith starting gate was used to start the field . the smith gate ran on a track along the inside rail . it was eventually abandoned by the harness industry . victory song , a heat winner of the previous hambletonian and second overall , was selected the first harness horse of the year in a poll of 50 sports editors , harness writers and radio commentators . the trotting horse club of america sponsored the poll . coincidentally , in 1948 , rodney , a heat winner and runner - up in summary of the ‘47 hambletonian won the second annual horse of the year honor .
the hambletonian future wager closed on june 24 with a total of $ 6 , 991 . 00 bet in the pool of 15 interests . wagering will be available at racetrac . . . full story
- the $ 425 , 000 yearling edged out the $ 10 , 000 yearling - muscle massive over lucky chucky - in the hambletonian , giving ron pierce his second victory in the classic race .
- linda toscano became the first female trainer to win the sport ' s most covered prize when market share ( tim tetrick ) captured the 1 . 5 million , 87th edition of the hambletonian .
when the horse shys out to the side of the road , the first time , the driver thinks he will teach the horse a lesson and punish him for shying . so , generally , just after the horse has started to run away from the object , the driver gives him one or two sharp cuts with the whip and then settles him down with the lines . now , the horses mind was on the object , and not on the act of shying at all . the pain caused by the whip was associated with the fearful object , and , ” therefore , the only lesson the horse received was that the object caused him pain . the next time he sees this object or a similar one , he will crowd the ditch more than he did before .
- - weekly humboldt times , may 16 , 1889 - -
sam adams , popular trotting bred stallion will make the season at bridgeville . sired by altimont , he by almont , he by alexander ' s abdallah , he by rysdyk ' s hambletonian . . . horse born 1884 , 16 1 / 4 hands high , bay , gentle . . . salmon brown , bridgeville .
so , whenever a horse has a bad habit , it means there has been poor management some place along the line , either in colt training , or allowing him to acquire the habit later .
driver yannick gingras and trainer jimmy takter won their fourth straight hambletonian oaks as ariana g won the biggest race of the year for 3 - year - old trotting fillies in 1 : 51 . 2 .
del miller was sitting in his white oldsmobile outside his barn at the meadowlands where he will drive arndon on saturday afternoon in the $ 850 , 000 hambletonian , harness racing ' s most romantic race .
but if a nonwinner in the two divisions of the first heat wins the second heat , then a race - off among the three winners is scheduled for 5 : 44 to determine the hambletonian winner .
the great injunction , “know thyself , ” applies to every man , and it is likewise important , both from a humanitarian standpoint and as a matter of dollars and cents to “know thy horse . ”
nihilator , again a superstar as a sophomore , set a meadowlands pace record of 1 : 503 and , as part of a five - horse entry , created a minus pool of $ 171 , 011 . 15 . hambletonian day featured one of the greatest cards ever assembled as prakas , nihilator and on the road again won consecutive races . nihilator set a world race record of 1 : 49 . 3 .
now for an example of the variation possible in full siblings look at man o ' war and his four full siblings . step by step instructions in tesio methods is found in north american sport horse breeder .
- we will see put in a track record & world record - equaling performance of 1 : 42 . 2 for a four - year - old pacing horse in a division of the us pacing championship .
the standardbred is a breed of horse best known for its ability to race in harness at a pace or trot . developed in north america , it is now recognised world - wide for its racing ability .
- brian sears became the first driver to ever win the hambletonian and oaks on the same day , and set a single - day earnings mark for drivers with over $ 1 . 5 million in purses won .
i have often heard the expression : “character is written on every face . ” this is not only true of human beings ; but it is equally true of horses . when you have once learned how to tell the disposition of any horse , and can tell by looking at the head what the horse is likely to do , then you will be in shape to handle not only some kinds , but all kinds .
trick training i have defined as the act of forming unusual habits . most people think that teaching a horse tricks is the most remarkable thing in the world , and , they think you are a wonder if you have a horse that will perform a few tricks . you will find , however , in studying the lessons , on how to teach different tricks , that it is much easier and simpler than most people imagine .
but now i know my subject . my experience has taught me how to handle every kind of horse , no matter what sort of habit , or habits , he may have , or what his natural inclinations are .
among other tricks , he was especially skilful on the teeter board , on which he performed by whip signals . telling his age , answering questions , and his imitation of a horse having the colic , were perfect .
the meadowlands racetrack , longest - running host track of the classic hambletonian race for 3 - year - old trotters , has set a date of saturday afternoon august 5 , 2017 for the 92nd edition of the classic event .
but the heat system isn ' t as complex as it sounds for the hambletonian , a race named after a stud from orange county , n . y . , who sired 1 , 331 foals between 1849 and 1875 .
hambletonian 10 ( also known as rysdyk’s hambletonian ) was born in 1849 . his sire was abdallah , often called old abdallah , a son of messenger and his dam was the charles kent mare by the norfolk trotter , jary’s bellfounder whose maternal lines were essentially throughbred . he never raced but it is said that his offspring certainly showed ‘the trotting instinct’ . over 24 seasons he sired 1 , 331 foals before his death in 1876 . hambletonian was no oil painting , a large head and deep cheek bones and a somewhat unusual build in that he stood 15 . 1¼ hh at the wither and 15 . 3¼ hh at the croup which allowed for enormous power from the quarters .
annotation lower center : sir harry tempest vane ' s horse , hambletonian , preparing to start against mr . cookson ' s diamond over the beacon course at newmarket for a match of three thousand guineas , a sides half forfeit : hambletanian carried 8 . 3 . and was rode by mr . buckle . diamond was rode by mr . dennis fitzpatrick and carried 8 . this race was run at the craven meeting on monday , march 25 1799 .
you’ll definitely enjoy the entire course . it’s packed with excellent instruction that will have you controlling your horse , teaching it tricks and making it a much more valuable animal that will be a joy to ride and be around .
first , let me tell you how i have the whole subject of horse training systematized . i have all kinds of horses classified as to the shape of their heads . i tell you , in a later lesson , how to determine the natural disposition of any colt or horse by looking at its head . when i say disposition , i mean its natural inclinations , or , in other words , how it is likely to act under different circumstances .
“we can not do anything about that , so i thought the horse did two very good races and i think he deserved it , ” said perfect spirit’s owner lennart agren of the srf stable regarding winning the race by disqualification .
marion marauder ' s final start was the breeders crown which was a disappointing finish but he still concludes the year with $ 1 . 5 million in winnings and is the front - runner for canadian horse of the year honours .
hambletonian ( gb ) b . h , 1792 { 1 } dp = 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 ( 0 ) di = inf cd = inf - 17 starts , 16 wins , ? places , ? shows
new jersey native jack moiseyev enjoyed a banner year in 1991 . he won a pair of million dollar events in 1991 - the meadowlands pace with precious bunny in a stakes record 1 : 494 and the hambletonian with giant victory for trainers bill robinson and per eriksson , respectively . precious bunny became the first horse to win two $ 1 million events in the same year , the meadowlands pace and the north america cup . john campbell won his seventh consecutive driving title .
a race - off developed last year when shiaway st . pat won the 56th hambletonian , the first at the meadowlands after 24 years at the du quoin ( ill . ) state fair . after more than half a century of cornstalk tradition that flourished at goshen , n . y . , before the transfer to du quoin , the first hambletonian in a big - city atmosphere attracted only 20 , 677 spectators who bet $ 3 . 3 million on the four races .
the supreme test of these principles came when i began teaching the science of horse training by mail to people throughout the world . the application of these principles , by my pupils , has been attended with success equal to my own .
that’s the record of four - year - old trotting mares for the horse of the year title . you certainly can’t blame hannelore hanover . she gave it a great try in 2016 . she wound up third in the overall balloting .
bred by the distinguished horseman john hutchinson at shipton , near york , the nearly unbeaten hambletonian was sold at the age of three to sir charles turner and at four to sir harry vane - tempest , for whom he ran until 1800 .
despite the likelihood that the casino referendum will be defeated , the meadowlands is fully committed to host the hambletonian next year on august 5 and continues to expect to fully promote this prestigious race as our signature event , ” said jeff gural .
the 1998 meet at the meadowlands broke many betting records . hambletonian day handle was more than $ 6 . 5 million , the highest hambletonian handle ever and the second highest in harness racing history . meadowlands pace night produced a total handle of more than $ 6 . 3 million , the third highest handle ever . for the entire meet , the average total harness handle set an all - time high at $ 3 , 173 , 098 , surpassing $ 3 million for the first time .
the grand - dam , yankee bambi ( by hickory pride ) , was a full sister to the hambletonian heat winner yankee bambino 1 : 59 , a very successful sire whose son yankee jolter became the sire of inter dominion champion diamond field .
earlier in the day , the combination of trainer jimmy takter and driver yannick gingras had their fourth straight victory in the $ 500 , 000 hambletonian oaks with 3 - year - old trotting filly ariana g who paid $ 2 . 40 to win .
sir harry tempest vane ' s hambletonian before the start of the match against mr . cookson ' s diamond on march 25 , 1799 , 1800 gedateerd london ( england ) , british museum , inv . / cat . nr . [ . . ]
muscles yankee didn ' t surprise anyone by capturing the 73d edition of the $ 1 million hambletonian today in the bright sunshine at the meadowlands . the victory gave the driver john campbell his record fifth success in the most prestigious event in harness racing .
ramblin storm was at his all - time best in july when he posted a 1 : 501 mile , the fastest mile ever at night to that point . john campbell won his second straight hambletonian with armbro goal and his third straight driving title .
horse in art comment : this famous race was won by hambletonian ( left ) with a head and neck in 8 , 5 minutes ( = 48 , 25 km per hour ) . the distance was 4 miles and 2 furlongs , or 6836 , 40 meters . this is a very long distance compared with regular races over 1800 to 3600 meters . hambletonian carries a weight of 8 stone 3 pound ( 52 , 16 kg ) and was ridden by the jockey frank buckle . diamond carried 8 stone ( 50 , 8 kg ) and was ridden by dennis fitzpatrick . the owners watch their horses on the left and right . the column on the left indicates the starting point at newmarket . on the background some riders who will follow part of the race . hambletonian won all 20 races in his career , except one when he broke through the railing . john wessell also made an etching of the finish of the race itself after a painting by john nost sartorius ( etching in the british museum ) .
rohnerville ' s fastest harness horses traced their ancestry to the two greatest trotting - horse bloodlines in america . horses of the morgan and hambletonian lines ran on humboldt county tracks in the 1870 ' s and 1880 ' s . the morgan horses gained popularity as roadsters and racers through black hawk , the grandson of justin morgan , foundation sire of the morgan breed . the climax of their greatness came after the middle of the nineteenth century , when black hawk ' s son ethan allen was rated world champion trotter .
the most hallowed trotting event in the world - the hambletonian - moved to the meadowlands in 1981 . while a national television audience watched , ray remmen guided an obscurely - bred gelding named shiaway st . pat to victory on a rain - soaked august 8th .
driving fern to victory in the $ 500 , 000 hambletonian oaks was not the biggest victory of the season for ouellette . he won the biggest race of his career last month when he guided day in a life to victory in the $ 1 million meadowlands pace .
i can look at a horse’s head and tell you what sort of habits he is likely to have ; how he will act when you try to break him of any particular habit ; how long , and in what manner , he is likely to resist .
i not only tested my theories of horse training on him , but i taught him something , which very few horses have been taught , and that was to drive without bridle or lines and to control him by signals and action of the whip , alone .
albatross , who was inducted into the living horse hall of fame in 1996 , spent his final years at stud at the hanover shoe farms , hanover pennsylvania . he died august 5 , 1998 at age thirty and is buried in the farm ' s cemetery .
the horse is larger and stronger than man physically and is often keener in the senses of seeing , hearing and feeling ; but he is by no means equal to man mentally . i have examined the brain of different horses and i have found that it is much smaller in proportion to the size of the body , and much simpler , than that of the human being . so , here is a general point of information in handling horses : use your brain more than your muscle . if you were to go into a contest with the horse , and use your strength alone , you would lose out , because he is much the stronger ; but , having your ability to reason out things from cause to effect , there is no reason why you should ever fail to gain your point with the horse . it is only as you take advantage of the horse’s inability to reason that you are able to accomplish anything with him . it does not require a great deal of muscle , or strength , to train horses ; it does take knowledge .
finished second to fourth dimension in valley victory elimination , scott zeron won the 2016 hambletonian with marion marauder , finished sixth [ 1 : 56 ] in his nyss 3yo debut @ vernon downs & ninth [ 1 : 54 . 3 ] in an ebc elimination . . .
repeat the breeding . once you have constructed what you believe is the best possible genetic combination for your sport horse foal , the experts advise that you repeat the breeding , at least once . even tesio did this , and the science of genetics backs this advice up .
rohnerville horsemen were swept up in the speed craze that brought the sulky horse to preeminence late in the nineteenth century . the first trotting - bred horses in rohnerville were of morgan breeding . w . h . e . smith arrived in the county in 1876 with an ethan allen stud named johnny schomker , who was claimed to go a mile in 2 : 35 ( west coast signal , may 10 , 1876 ) . other blooded horses were imported from kentucky , and by the mid - 1880 ' s , rohnerville horses carried the great hambletonian bloodline .
a crowd of 30 , 117 turned out to see norwegian - born driver and trainer trond smedshammer guide windsong’s legacy to victory in the $ 1 million hambletonian . windsong’s legacy would also win the yonkers trot and kentucky futurity , making him the first trotting triple crown winner since 1972 .
mission brief 3 , 1 : 50 . 4 , $ 1 , 599 , 587 , breeders crown 2yo , zweig memorial , elegantimage , merrie annibelle , hambletonian ht . , matron stakes usa 2yo and 3yo filly trotter of the year . world champion 2yo and 3yo ( varenne )
the great niatross , atoning for the only two defeats in his career , romped to a meadowlands pace record of 1 : 531 and never again lost a race . the 1980 pace was the first million dollar race in the history of horse racing , both thoroughbred and standardbred . less than a month later , the meadowlands presented horse racing with its first $ 2 million race , the woodrow wilson . in that landmark race , land grant , at odds of 69 - 1 with driver del insko , upset a strong group of freshmen including the undefeated slapstick .
the most intriguing aspect of the 1989 harness meet was the dead heat finish between park avenue joe and probe in the hambletonian raceoff . ron waples drove park avenue joe , while william fahy guided probe . although the two trotters hit the wire together , it was several months before the issue of who would be awarded first place money was decided . park avenue joe , on the basis of best finish in summary , within the rules of the hambletonian society , was declared the winner . it remains to this day the only dead heat for win in a million dollar race .
niatross surfaced at the meadowlands as a two - year - old and took the wilson on his way to a perfect 13 - for - 13 season . he was named horse of the year for 1979 , an honor that hasn ' t been bestowed on a freshman standardbred since .
world champion at two , three and four , albatross was voted two - year - old pacer of the year and horse of the year at both three and four ( 1971 and 1972 ) . in total he was the winner in 59 of 71 starts and retired as the all - time leading moneywinning pacer . through 1998 albatross ' 2 , 546 sons and daughters have earned $ 130 . 7 million and taken 1 , 174 2 : 00 records . at age 30 , he had 61 yearlings and was bred to 85 mares . at the top of his list of progeny is niatross , also a two - time horse of the year ( 1979 and 1980 ) and 1997 living horse hall of fame inductee . niatross was the first standardbred to break the 1 : 50 barrier ( 1 : 49 . 1 time trial at lexington ) . albatross ' daughter fan hanover p , 4 , t1 : 50 . 4 is the only filly to win the little brown jug , in 1981 , the year she was also named horse of the year . albatross also sired little brown jug winners jaguar spur , merger and colt fortysix .
casement 2007 anne casement ,
the strange sale of pictures from glenarm : stubbs’s ‘hambletonian , rubbing down '
, the national trust annual , 2007 , pp . 57–61 egerton 2007 judy egerton , george stubbs , painter : catalogue raisonné , yale university press , new haven and london , 2007
hollywood’s best scribes could not have written a more fitting conclusion to the 2001 meadowlands harness meet as renowned swedish racing photographer stefan melander fulfilled a lifelong dream of winning the hambletonian with scarlet knight . the $ 8 , 028 , 480 total handle was the second highest in meadowlands and harness history .
chris marino and his assistant vincent fusco jr . ran away with their first training title , racking up 88 victories and earnings of $ 2 . 1 million . their stable star was the outstanding sophomore trotting filly syrinx hanover , who counted the hambletonian oaks and del miller memorial among her victories .
a crowd of 31 , 245 poured through the turnstiles to watch driver - trainer roger hammer guide his pennsylvania - based gelding to victory in the hambletonian . the attendance was the highest since 1990 and marked the fifth straight year that the attendance has increased for harness racing ' s marquee event .
continentalvictory , driven by mike lachance and trained by ron gurfein , became only the 13th filly in 71 editions to win the trotting classic . in the process she trotted to a two - heat hambletonian record time ( 3 : 45 ) and also trotted to the fastest mile by any three - year - old of any gender ( 1 : 521 ) in her elimination race . it was the second hambletonian victory in three years for the lachance - gurfein combination . the breeders crown series returned to the meadowlands with three events for older pacers and trotters . jenna ' s beach boy posted a record sixth lifetime sub - 1 : 50 clocking in the $ 300 , 000 open pace while she ' s a great lady captured the $ 300 , 000 mare pace and cr kay suzie , the 1995 horse of the year , made a brilliant return to win the $ 500 , 000 breeders crown open trot .
the 1992 season was the first with a new hambletonian race format . the three - year - old trotters now raced in eliminations , and the final would determine the winner , regardless of whether he or she won their elimination . the barefoot alf palema and mickey mcnichol took the big prize in an upset .
the second cause is accidents . sometimes even a horse that is broken may be in an accident , in which he was injured and succeeded in getting beyond the control of the driver . he would not have to be out of the driver’s control long before he would learn his power . an accident often makes such an impression on the nerves of a horse , that a similar circumstance would remind him of that sensation of power and he would do everything he could to get loose again . i believe that nine out of every ten accidents , with horses , are the direct result of improper colt training .
on tuesday , july 3 through saturday , july 14 historic track will host the harness horse youth foundation followed on saturday , july 28 with the jimmy sturr concert . the annual car show is set for sunday , sept . 2nd and the tracks golf outing fundraiser is scheduled for monday , september 10 .
2010 was indeed the start of something for the ladies of harness racing . prior , no female trainer had yet won a million - dollar race . that has changed , big time . no female trainer , up to that point , had a horse of the year . that is no longer the case .
oil painting on canvas , hambletonian , rubbing down by george stubbs , ra ( liverpool 1724 – london 1806 ) , signed and dated , lower centre : geo : stubbs 1800 . a painting of a racehorse in the final stages of exhaustion attended by a groom and stable boy . commissioned by the owner , sir henry vane - tempest , 2nd bt ( 1771 - 1813 ) whose only child and daughter was later married to the 3rd marquess of londonderry , it shows the celebrated thoroughbred , hambletonian ( 1792 - 1818 ) being rubbed down after the close match with mr joseph cookson ' s diamond at newmarket on 25 march 1799 .
as sport horse breeders , whether large scale or small , we all want to set type into our herd of superior , sound and talented stock , that excels in our chosen sport , and we want to be able to do this consistently . this potency primer with several examples aims to help you do that .