the sharpnose stingray ( dasyatis acutirostra ) is a little-known species of stingray in the family dasyatidae , found off southern japan and in the east china sea .

with a rounded pectoral fin disc and a long , projecting snout , d. acutirostra resembles ( and was historically confused with ) the smaller pale-edged stingray ( d. zugei ) .

a number of characteristics differentiate this species from d. zugei , including larger eyes and the absence of a dorsal fin fold on the tail .

the international union for conservation of nature ( iucn ) has assessed this species as near threatened , as its restricted distribution renders it vulnerable to increases in fishing pressure .

dasyatis acutirostra

what type of species is dasyatis acutirostra ? below , you will find the taxonomic groups the dasyatis acutirostra species belongs to .
which photographers have photos of dasyatis acutirostra species ? below , you will find the list of underwater photographers and their photos of the marine species dasyatis acutirostra .
how to identify dasyatis acutirostra marine species ? below , you will find the list of main identification criteria and physical characteristics of marine species dasyatis acutirostra . for each identification criteria , the corresponding physical characteristics of marine species dasyatis acutirostra are marked in green .
where is dasyatis acutirostra found in the world ? below , you will find the list and a world map of the geographic distribution where the marine species dasyatis acutirostra can be found .
dasyatis acutirostra , d . crozieri and d . zugei are now in a new genus called telatrygon # ctol
kento furui added the japanese common name
ヤジリエイ
to
dasyatis acutirostra nishida and nakaya , 1988
.
william white on twitter :
dasyatis acutirostra , d . crozieri and d . zugei are now in a new genus called telatrygon # ctol
aguilar a . , f . , 2008 . dasyatis acutirostra ( nashida & nakaya , 1988 ) new register of dasyatis gender in ecuadorian waters . instituto nacional de pesca , año 1 no . 1 - irba , 4 p .
aguilar a . , f . 0 dasyatis acutirostra ( nashida & nakaya , 1988 ) new register of dasyatis gender in ecuadorian waters . instituto nacional de pesca , año 1 no . 1 - irba , 4 p . ( ref . 74597 )
citation :
sharpnose stingrays , dasyatis acutirostra ~ marinebio . org .
marinebio conservation society . web . accessed monday , july 9 , 2018 . < urltoken > . last update : 1 / 14 / 2013 2 : 22 : 00 pm ~ contributor ( s ) : marinebio
dasyatis cheni teng , 1962 trygon crozieri blyth , 1860 trygon zugei j . p . müller & henle , 1841
a new species of the genus dasyatis ( elasmobranchii : dasyatididae ) from southern japan and lectotype designation of d . zugei
a new species of the genus dasyatis ( elasmobranchii : dasyatididae ) from southern japan and lectotype designation of d . zugei .
froese , rainer and pauly , daniel , eds . ( 2010 ) .
dasyatis zugei
in fishbase . january 2010 version .
white , w . t . ( 2006 ) . dasyatis zugei . in : iucn 2008 . iucn red list of threatened species . retrieved december 8 , 2009 .
^ a b c d e f g h froese , rainer , and daniel pauly , eds . ( 2009 ) .
dasyatis akajei
in fishbase . december 2009 version .
nishida , k . and k . nakaya , 1990 . taxonomy of the genus dasyatis ( elasmobranchia , dasyatidae ) from the north pacific . noaa tech . rept . nmfs 90 : 327 - 346 .
research dasyatis acutirostra » barcode of life ~ bioone ~ biodiversity heritage library ~ cites ~ cornell macaulay library [ audio / video ] ~ encyclopedia of life ( eol ) ~ esa online journals ~ fishbase ~ florida museum of natural history ichthyology department ~ gbif ~ google scholar ~ itis ~ iucn redlist ( threatened status ) ~ marine species identification portal ~ ncbi ( pubmed , genbank , etc . ) ~ ocean biogeographic information system ~ plos ~ siris ~ tree of life web project ~ unep - wcmc species database ~ worms
— raudonasis dygliauodegis statusas t sritis zoologija | vardynas taksono rangas rūšis atitikmenys : lot . dasyatis akajei angl . japanese stingray ; red skate rus . дальневосточный хвостокол ; красный хвостокол ryšiai : platesnis terminas – paprastosios… …
nishida , k . and k . nakaya0 taxonomy of the genus dasyatis ( elasmobranchia , dasyatidae ) from the north pacific . noaa tech . rept . nmfs 90 : 327 - 346 . ( ref . 7445 )
^ a b c d e f g huveneers , c . and h . ishihara ( 2006 ) . dasyatis akajei . in : iucn 2008 . iucn red list of threatened species . downloaded on december 4 , 2009 .
nishida , k . and k . nakaya , 1990 . taxonomy of the genus dasyatis ( elasmobranchia , dasyatidae ) from the north pacific . noaa tech . rept . nmfs 90 : 327 - 346 . ( ref . 7445 )
nishida , k . and k . nakaya .
a new species of the genus dasyatis ( elasmobranchii : dasyatididae ) from southern japan and lectotype designation of d . zugei
. japanese journal of ichthyology 35 ( 2 ) : 115–123 .
. . . @ bullet pteroplatytrygon fowler has been previously placed in dasyatis but was retained as valid ( last , naylor & manjaji - matsumoto , 2016nishida & nakaya , 1990 ) . telatrygon acutirostra ( nishida & nakaya , 1988 ) is moderately divergent from other telatrygon and its position needs reinvestigation ( yang et al . , 2016 ) . , 1999 ; weigmann , 2016 ) , was redefined and expanded to include 6 species ( last , naylor & manjaji - matsumoto , 2016 ) based largely on molecular data ( naylor et al . , 2012 ; yang et al . , unpubl . ) . . . .
taniuchi , t . and m . shimizu ( january 1993 ) .
dental sexual dimorphism and food habits in the stingray dasyatis akajei from tokyo bay , japan
. bulletin of the japanese society of scientific fisheries 59 ( 1 ) : 53–60 .
nishida , k . and k . nakaya , 1988 . a new species of the genus dasyatis ( elasmobranchii : dasyatididae ) from southern japan and lectotype designation of d . zugei . jap . j . ichthyol . 35 ( 2 ) : 115 - 123 .
nishida , k . and k . nakaya0 a new species of the genus dasyatis ( elasmobranchii : dasyatididae ) from southern japan and lectotype designation of d . zugei . jap . j . ichthyol . 35 ( 2 ) : 115 - 123 . ( ref . 35022 )
dasyatis acutirostra sp . nov . is described on the basis of 21 specimens from the east china sea and southern part of japanese waters . the new species is characterized by having small eyeball ( 2 . 4–3 . 8 % of disc width ) , long snout ( 36 . 9–43 . 9 % of disc width ) , 129–135 pectoral radiais , 23–28 pelvic radiais , 121–139 prespine separate vertebral centra and 22–24 intestinal valve turns , the absence of oral papillae , and the presence of ventral tail fold . lectotype and paralectotypes were designated ford . zugei ( müller et henle , 1841 ) . taxonomic confusion amongd . zugei and its allied species was worked out andd . cheni teng , 1962 was synonymized withd . zugei .
justification : this is an amended version of the 2006 assessment to accommodate the recent change in genus name from dasyatis to telatrygon . known from only a few specimens collected from the east china sea and southern japanese waters , the biology of telatrygon acutirostra is virtually unknown . this species ' range is heavily fished and it is likely taken as bycatch by the japanese coastal bottom trawl fishery and , to a lesser extent , by set nets . research is required to better define the species ' distribution , biology and catch levels . this species is near threatened in recognition that any fishing impact is of concern because of its restricted geographical distribution , while increasing fishing pressure within its range would have dramatic effects on this regional endemic .
roberts , t . r . and j . karnasuta ( 1987 ) .
dasyatis zaosensis , a new whiptailed stingray ( family dasyatidae ) , from the mekong river of laos and thailand
. environmental biology of fishes 20 ( 3 ) : 161–167 . doi : 10 . 1007 / bf00004951 .
wang y . h . , yang w . c . , liu s . f . and li l . w . ( july 2003 ) .
a new genus record of phyllobothriidae from marine fish dasyatis akajei in china
. journal of xiamen university natural science 42 ( 4 ) : 542–544 .
vankara , a . p . , c . vijayalakshmi and j . vijayalakshmi ( december 2007 ) .
polypocephalus visakhapatnamensis sp . nov . ( lecanicephalidea : polypocephalidae ) from himantura uarnak ( forsskal ) and dasyatis ( amphotistius ) zugei ( mueller & henle ) from visakhapatnam coast
. journal of parasitic diseases 31 ( 2 ) : 152–154 .
dyer , w . g . and w . j . poly ( march 2002 ) .
trimusculotrema schwartzi n . sp . ( monogenea : capsalidae ) from the skin of the stingray dasyatis zugei ( elasmobranchii : dasyatidae ) off hong kong , china
. systematic parasitology 51 ( 3 ) : 217–225 . doi : 10 . 1023 / a : 1014538529942 . pmid 11912347 .
wang , y . h . and w . c . yang ( february 2001 ) .
rhinebothrium xiamenensis n . sp . ( eucestoda : tetraphyllidea ) in dasyatis zugei from the coast of xiamen , china
. journal of parasitology 87 ( 1 ) : 185–187 . doi : 10 . 1645 / 0022 - 3395 ( 2001 ) 087 [ 0185 : rxnset ] 2 . 0 . co ; 2 .
rosenberger , l . j . ; schaefer , s . a . ( august 6 , 2001 ) . schaefer , s . a . , ed .
phylogenetic relationships within the stingray genus dasyatis ( chondrichthyes : dasyatidae )
. copeia 2001 ( 3 ) : 615–627 . doi : 10 . 1643 / 0045 - 8511 ( 2001 ) 001 [ 0615 : prwtsg ] 2 . 0 . co ; 2 .
nishida , k . and k . nakaya ( 1990 ) .
taxonomy of the genus dasyatis ( elasmobranchii , dasyatididae ) from the north pacific .
in pratt , h . l . , s . h . gruber and t . taniuchi . elasmobranchs as living resources : advances in the biology , ecology , systematics , and behaviour , and the status of fisheries . noaa technical report , nmfs 90 . pp . 327–346 .
^ a b c nishida , k . and k . nakaya ( 1990 ) .
taxonomy of the genus dasyatis ( elasmobranchii , dasyatididae ) from the north pacific .
in pratt , h . l . , s . h . gruber and t . taniuchi . elasmobranchs as living resources : advances in the biology , ecology , systematics , and behaviour , and the status of fisheries . noaa technical report , nmfs 90 . pp . 327–346 .
a new dasyatidid stingray , dasyatis izuensis sp . nov . , from japan is described on the basis of specimens collected from the izu peninsula . the new species is distinguished by having the following characters : diamond - shaped disc ; dorsal tail keel ; white ventral tail fold , its length 24 . 6–32 . 3 % of disc width ; short preorbital snout length , 14 . 1–18 . 7 % of disc width ; smooth body even in adults . . . [ show full abstract ]
the red stingray ( dasyatis akajei ) is a species of stingray in the family dasyatidae , found in the northwestern pacific ocean off japan , korea , and china , and possibly elsewhere . it primarily inhabits shallow , sandy habitats close to shore , and has been known to enter brackish water . the red stingray has a diamond - shaped pectoral fin disc and gains its common name from its bright orange - red underside ; there may also be patches of orange at various spots on its upper surface . most individuals are no more than 1 m ( 3 . 3 ft ) long .
the pale - edged stingray or sharpnose stingray ( dasyatis zugei ) is a species of stingray in the family dasyatidae , found in the indian and pacific oceans from india to the western malay archipelago and southern japan . this bottom - dwelling ray is most commonly found over sandy areas shallower than 100 m ( 330 ft ) , as well as in estuaries . measuring up to 29 cm ( 11 in ) across , the pale - edged stingray has a diamond - shaped pectoral fin disc , a long projecting snout , small eyes , and a whip - like tail with both dorsal and ventral fin folds . it is chocolate brown above and white below .
. . . the chinese lectotype ( mnhn 2447 ) and paralectotype ( mnhn 1987 - 152 ) of the type species of the genus telatrygon ( i . e . t . zugei ) , are juveniles and differ slightly in shape to adults ( e . g . asiz p67338 , asiz p72247 and nishida & nakaya ( 1988 ) designated a lectotype for dasyatis zugei and provided a detailed explanation for their reasoning . the larger of two preserved specimens , a juvenile male 137 mm dw ( reported to be mnhn 1987 - 152 ) was selected as the lectotype ; the second specimen ( mnhn 2447 ) , a smaller male of 106 . 6 mm dw , was selected as a paralectotype . . . .
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eschmeyer , w . n . , fricke , r . and van der laan , r . ( eds ) . 2016 . catalog of fishes : genera , species , references . updated 29 september 2016 . available at : urltoken . ( accessed : 29 september 2016 ) .
limited known distribution in the east china sea and southern japanese waters ( nishida and nakaya 1988 ) .
known from only a few specimens collected from the east china sea and southern japanese waters . holotype was caught by trawl net at a depth of 53 to 142 m . biology is virtually unknown . however , one 72 . 5 cm dw male was found mature whilst a 35 . 4 cm dw male was still immature with soft and small claspers . dasyatidae are mostly demersal in inshore waters , although several species range offshore and a few large species occur along the upper continental slopes as deep as 480 m . several species are euryhaline while some others are confined to freshwater . all are aplacental viviparous . litter varies between two to six young with gestation periods which may take as long as 12 months ( last and compagno 1999 ) . life history parameters age at maturity ( years ) : unknown . size at maturity ( disc width ) : unknown ( female ) ; unknown , immature at 35 . 4 cm dw , mature at 72 . 5 cm dw ( male ) . longevity ( years ) : unknown . maximum size ( disc width ) : 72 . 5 cm dw . size at birth ( cm ) : unknown . average reproductive age ( years ) : unknown . gestation time ( months ) : unknown . reproductive periodicity : unknown . average annual fecundity or litter size : unknown . annual rate of population increase : unknown . natural mortality : unknown .
most likely taken as bycatch in the japanese coastal bottom trawl fishery and to a lesser extent by set nets ( h . ishihara pers . comm ) . care should be taken as any fishing impact on this species might have greater effects due to its narrow geographical distribution . an increase of fishing pressure in this location would have dramatic effects on this narrow ranging species . stingrays are amongst the dominant ray components of landings in indonesia , thailand , taiwan , malaysia and elsewhere in asia . however , the relative importance of species on a regional basis is poorly known and species - specific landing data are virtually non - existent .
catch levels need to be documented and careful monitoring of fishing effort in the area of occurrence is needed to ensure that the current population is not detrimentally affected . information on the species ' biology is required to inform management decisions . effective implementation of the japanese national plan of action for the conservation and management of sharks ( under the fao international plan of action : ipoa - sharks ) is required to facilitate the conservation and sustainable management of all chondrichthyan species in japan .
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the following bibliography has been generated by bringing together all references provided by our content partners . there may be duplication .
anonymous0 fish collection database of the national museum of natural history ( smithsonian institution ) . smithsonian institution - division of fishes . ( ref . 38732 )
bogutskaya , n . g . 0 preliminary assignment of coordinates to type localities in the catalog of fishes . unpublished dbf file . ( ref . 58018 )
bor , p . h . f . 0 nederlandse naamlijst van de recente haaien en roggen ( chondrichthyes : elasmobranchii ) van de wereld . world wide web electronic publication urltoken , version ( 05 / 2002 ) . ( ref . 43454 )
breder , c . m . and d . e . rosen0 modes of reproduction in fishes . t . f . h . publications , neptune city , new jersey . 941 p . ( ref . 205 )
chinese academy of fishery sciences0 chinese aquatic germplasm resources database . urltoken ( ref . 58108 )
compagno , l . j . v . 1999 . checklist of living elasmobranchs . p . 471 - 498 . in w . c . hamlett ( ed . ) sharks , skates , and rays : the biology of elasmobranch fishes . john hopkins university press , maryland .
compagno , l . j . v . 0 checklist of living elasmobranchs . p . 471 - 498 . in w . c . hamlett ( ed . ) sharks , skates , and rays : the biology of elasmobranch fishes . john hopkins university press , maryland . ( ref . 35766 )
dulvy , n . k . and j . d . reynolds0 evolutionary transitions among egg - laying , live - bearing and maternal inputs in sharks and rays . proc . r . soc . lond . , ser . b : biol . sci . 264 : 1309 - 1315 . ( ref . 50449 )
eschmeyer , william n . , ed . 1998 . catalog of fishes . special publication of the center for biodiversity research and information , no . 1 , vol 1 - 3 . 2905
froese r . & pauly d . ( eds ) ( 2015 ) . fishbase ( version jan 2015 ) . in : species 2000 & itis catalogue of life , 26th august 2015 ( roskov y . , abucay l . , orrell t . , nicolson d . , kunze t . , flann c . , bailly n . , kirk p . , bourgoin t . , dewalt r . e . , decock w . , de wever a . , eds ) . digital resource at urltoken . species 2000 : naturalis , leiden , the netherlands . issn 2405 - 8858 .
kim , i . s . , y . choi , c . l . lee , y . j . lee , b . j . kim and j . h . kim0 illustrated book of korean fishes . kyo - hak pub co . seoul . 615p . ( in korean ) . ( ref . 77001 )
wu , h . l . , k . - t . shao and c . f . lai ( eds . ) 0 latin - chinese dictionary of fishes names . the sueichan press , taiwan . 1028 p . ( ref . 31517 )
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froese , r . & d . pauly ( editors ) . ( 2018 ) . fishbase . world wide web electronic publication . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
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to cite this page : myers , p . , r . espinosa , c . s . parr , t . jones , g . s . hammond , and t . a . dewey . 2018 . the animal diversity web ( online ) . accessed at https : / / animaldiversity . org .
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the taxonomic information and the basic database has been provided by ; e - mail : igor sheremetyev ; this is a conversion from a database dump , and there are probably many odd things as result of automatic conversion .
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senior curator of the australian national fish collection . researches ecology and taxonomy of indo - pacific fishes , mainly sharks and rays
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scientists aim to describe a single ' tree of life ' that reflects the evolutionary relationships of living things . however , evolutionary relationships are a matter of ongoing discovery , and there are different opinions about how living things should be grouped and named . eol reflects these differences by supporting several different scientific ' classifications ' . some species have been named more than once . such duplicates are listed under synonyms . eol also provides support for common names which may vary across regions as well as languages .
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general : general systemic effects systemic symptoms are uncommon , but nausea , vomiting , hypotension and collapse can occur .
general : other in cases of major mechanical trauma , significant tissue damage can occur and if major vessels are severed , exsanguination can occur . similarly , if the chest or abdomen are punctured , severe , even lethal internal injury can occur . this injury may not be immediately apparent , delayed death being possible .
treatment summary stings by marine stingrays are generally associated with significant local pain and physical trauma . treatment is directed at dealing with these problems , as envenoming is not a major issue ( other than any pain - producing effects of the venom ) . initial pain is often responsive to immersion of the stung area in hot ( 45c , not scalding ) water for an hour ( ensure no thermal injury occurs ) . beyond this , analgesia can be provided by an escalating scale , from oral , through parenteral analgesics , to regional anaesthetic nerve block . the wound should be inspected for retained sting fragments and these removed . major bleeding following transection of vessels should be staunched . beware wounds where the sting has penetrated a body cavity , either the abdomen , or the chest . penetrating injuries over the heart can prove lethal . beware early or late haemopericardium . stingray wounds can develop late necrosis and secondary infection . beware tetanus .
key diagnostic features immediate severe local pain , lacerated wound after walking in shallow ( usually sandy ) water , rapid local swelling , development of local necrosis / chronic ulceration uncommon , but possible .
general approach to management first priority is relief of pain and staunching bleeding if major vessel transected . thereafter symptomatic care , good wound care .
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compagno , leonard j . v . / hamlett , william c . , ed . 1999 - 01 - 01 . sharks , skates , and rays : the biology of elasmobranch fishes . johns hopkins university press . baltimore , maryland , usa . 471 - 498 . 0 - 8018 - 6048 - 2 . .
nelson , joseph s . 1994 - 01 - 01 . fishes of the world , third edition . john wiley and sons . new york , new york , usa . xvii + 600 . 0 - 471 - 54713 - 1 . .
disc , a long projecting snout , small eyes , and a whip - like tail with both dorsal and ventral fin folds . it is chocolate brown above and white below .
the pale - edged stingray is diamond - shaped , with a notably elongated snout .
disc slightly longer than wide , with concave anterior margins merging into an elongated , triangular snout ; the head comprises more than half of the disc length . the eyes are small , with a pair of much larger
pattern into pavement - like surfaces . the teeth of adult males have pointed cusps while those of juveniles and females are blunt .
are triangular . the tail is whip - like , much longer than the disc , and bears a stinging spine . a low dorsal fin fold originates just posterior of the spine tip while a deeper ventral fin fold originates below the spine base . young individuals have smooth skin , while adults have a row of 5
9 small tubercles in front of the spine . the dorsal surface is a uniform chocolate brown , darkening on the tail fin folds , while the underside is white with a brown band around the margin of the disc .
and later histotroph (
uterine milk
) secreted by the mother . females give birth to 1
, and off the indian coast . most individuals landed are retained for human consumption , although the small size of this species limits its economic significance .
. across most of its range , this species experiences heavy and increasing fishing pressure , with all size classes susceptible to capture .
jordan , d . s . & h . w . fowler ( march 20 , 1903 ) .
a review of the elasmobranchiate fishes of japan
.
last , p . r . & l . j . v . compagno ( 1999 ) .
dasyatidae
. in carpenter , k . e . & v . h . niem .
( elasmobranchii , dasyatididae ) from the north pacific .
in pratt , h . l . , s . h . gruber and t . taniuchi .
elasmobranchs as living resources : advances in the biology , ecology , systematics , and behaviour , and the status of fisheries .
cestodes ( tetraphyllidea : onchobothriidae ) from saltwater fishes in xiamen , south fujian , china
.
sp . nov . ( cestoda : phyllobothridae ) from a marine fish at madras , india
.
sp . nov . ( cestoda : lecanicephalidae ) from trygon zugei , india
.
shipley and hornell , 1905 ( cestoda : tetragonocephalidae ) from marine fishes of west coast of india
.
linton , 1890 ( cestoda : lecanicephlidea ) from an indian marine fish
.
n . sp . ( cestoda : onchobothriidae ) from an indian marine fish
.
this article is issued from wikipedia - version of the 12 / 1 / 2016 . the text is available under the creative commons attribution / share alike but additional terms may apply for the media files .
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. . . search ) and specimen label both list the larger of the two as the lectotype , but as mnhn 2447 ( rather than mnhn 1987 - 152 ) . whether this is a labelling error , or nishida & nakaya ( 1988 ) accidentally mixed up the numbers in the manuscript , is uncertain . we have followed the mnhn collection database , and current labelling for the more intact , larger specimen ( mnhn 2447 ) , as the lectotype . . . .
. . . last et al . nishida & nakaya 1988 . . . .
resurrection of the genus neotrygon castelnau ( myliobatoidei : dasyatidae ) with the description of neotrygon picta sp . nov . , a new species from northern australia
data on the individual variation and changes with growth in proportions and morphology are presented for the poorly known apristurus longicephalus , and compared with those of other species . a . longicephalus is concluded to be a distinct species without synonyms , characterized by its long snout , widely separate nostrils , long caudal fin , short abdomen , very sparse teeth , and low number of . . . [ show full abstract ]
the holotype and only existing specimen ofapristurus sibogae was surveyed and was found to be very fragile , breaking down into several pieces , and strongly contracted . as the species is still only poorly known , the holotype was redescribed , reassessing the proportion of the contracted holotype . it was concluded thata . sibogae is very similar to japanesea . platyrhynchus , but that it represents . . . [ show full abstract ]
records of apristurus herklotsi ( lamniformes , scyliorhinidae ) and discussion of its taxonomic relati . . .
additional specimens of the rareapristurus herklotsi are reported , and the characteristic features of this species are discussed . a . herklotsi is concluded to be a distinct species , having a very long snout , a narrow distance between the nostrils , a long caudal fin , a short abdomen , numerous teeth on both jaws , and a low number of monospondylous vertebrae . a . herklotsi appears to be mature at . . . [ show full abstract ]
northwest pacific : off the coast of southern japan and the east china sea ( ref . 7445 )
( nishida & nakaya , 1988 ) : in : database of modern sharks , rays and chimaeras , www . shark - references . com , world wide web electronic publication , version 07 / 2018
northwest pacific : off the coast of southern japan and the east china sea ( ref .
) . range extension reported from the gulf of guayaquil , ecuador ( ref .
host - parasite list / parasite - host list ( version : 01 . 04 . 2015 ) 544 pp , 5 , 37 mb new !
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breder , c . m . and d . e . rosen , 1966 . modes of reproduction in fishes . t . f . h . publications , neptune city , new jersey . 941 p .
dulvy , n . k . and j . d . reynolds , 1997 . evolutionary transitions among egg - laying , live - bearing and maternal inputs in sharks and rays . proc . r . soc . lond . , ser . b : biol . sci . 264 : 1309 - 1315 .
wu , h . l . , k . - t . shao and c . f . lai ( eds . ) , 1999 . latin - chinese dictionary of fishes names . the sueichan press , taiwan . 1028 p .
compagno , l . j . v . , 1999 . checklist of living elasmobranchs . p . 471 - 498 . in w . c . hamlett ( ed . ) sharks , skates , and rays : the biology of elasmobranch fishes . johns hopkins university press , maryland .
anonymous , 2001 . fish collection database of the national museum of natural history ( smithsonian institution ) . smithsonian institution - division of fishes .
bor , p . h . f . , 2002 . nederlandse naamlijst van de recente haaien en roggen ( chondrichthyes : elasmobranchii ) van de wereld . world wide web electronic publication www . rajidae . tmfweb . nl , version ( 05 / 2002 ) .
chinese academy of fishery sciences , 2003 . chinese aquatic germplasm resources database . urltoken
kim , i . s . , y . choi , c . l . lee , y . j . lee , b . j . kim and j . h . kim , 2005 . illustrated book of korean fishes . kyo - hak pub co . seoul . 615p . ( in korean ) .
bogutskaya , n . g . , 2007 . preliminary assignment of coordinates to type localities in the catalog of fishes . unpublished dbf file .
last , p . r . , g . j . p naylor and b . m . manjaji - matsumoto , 2016 . a revised classification of the family dasyatidae ( chondrichthyes : myliobatiformes ) based on new morphological and molecular insights . zootaxa 4139 ( 3 ) : 345 - 368 .
cfm script by eagbayani , 13 . 10 . 04 , php script by rolavides , 09 / 05 / 08 , last modified by caldemita , 04 / 03 / 16
disc - like in form , thiner toward the outer edges , with the anterior parts of the pectoral fins fused with the sides of the head , and with the eyes and spiracles on the upper surface . pelvic fins have convex outer edges , not concave . no dorsal fin . tail lo
name from latin ' telum ' for javelin , spear , arrow , dart and greek ' trygon ' for stingray ; referring to the long , narrowly pointed snout possessed by all members of the genus .
name from latin ' acuti ' for acute and ' rostra ' for snout ( ref . 35022 )
marine ; demersal ; depth range 53 - 142 m ( ref . 58018 ) . subtropical , preferred ?
northwest pacific : off the coast of southern japan and the east china sea ( ref . 7445 ) . range extension reported from the gulf of guayaquil , ecuador ( ref . 74597 ) .
maturity : l m ? range ? - ? cm max length : 10 . 6 cm wd male / unsexed ; ( ref . 35022 )
exhibit ovoviparity ( aplacental viviparity ) , with embryos feeding initially on yolk , then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus , fat or protein through specialised structures ( ref . 50449 ) . distinct pairing with embrace ( ref . 205 ) .
effects of auditory and visual stimuli on shark feeding behaviour : the disco effect .
comparison of industry - based data to monitor white shark cage - dive tourism .
plasticity in the diel vertical movement of two pelagic predators ( prionace glauca and alopias vulpinus ) in the southeastern indian ocean .
using logbook data to determine the immediate mortality of blue sharks ( prionace glauca ) and tiger sharks ( galeocerdo cuvier ) caught in the commercial u . s . pelagic longline fishery .
slow life - history traits of a neritic predator , the bronze whaler ( carcharhinus brachyurus ) .
anthropogenic threat assessment of marine - associated fauna in spencer gulf , south australia .
steckenreuter , a . & hoenner , x . & huveneers , c . & simpfendorfer , c . & buscot , m . j . & tattersall , k . & babcock , r . & heupel , m . & meekan , m . & van den broek , j . & mcdowall , p . & peddemors , v . & harcourt , r . ( 2017 )
physiological response and immediate mortality of gill - net - caught blacktip reef sharks ( carcharhinus melanopterus ) .
respiratory mode and gear type are important determinants of elasmobranch immediate and post - release mortality .
moving from measuring to predicting bycatch mortality : predicting the capture condition of a longline - caught pelagic shark .
a multilocus comparative study of dispersal in three codistributed demersal sharks from eastern australia .
first histological examination of a neoplastic lesion from a free - swimming white shark , carcharodon carcharias l .
integrating social network analysis and fine - scale positioning to characterize the associations of a benthic shark .
in the water with white sharks ( carcharodon carcharias ) : participants’ beliefs toward cage - diving in australia .
how close is too close ? the effect of a non - lethal electric shark deterrent on white shark behaviour .
drew , m . & white , w . t . & dharmadi & harry , a . v . & huveneers , c . ( 2015 )
age , growth and maturity of the pelagic thresher alopias pelagicus and the scalloped hammerhead sphyrna lewini .
born to be free ? assessing the viability of releasing captive - bred wobbegongs to restock depleted populations .
living on the continental shelf edge : habitat use of juvenile shortfin makos isurus oxyrinchus in the great australian bight , southern australia .
restricted movements and mangrove dependency of the nervous shark carcharhinus cautus in nearshore coastal waters .
fiddling with the proof : the magpie fiddler ray is a colour pattern variant of the common southern fiddler ray ( rhinobatidae : trygonorrhina ) .
the evolution of chondrichthyan research through a metadata analysis of dedicated international conferences between 1991 and 2014 .
inter - tissue differences in fatty acid incorporation as a result of dietary oil manipulation in port jackson sharks ( heterodontus portusjacksoni ) .
a meta - analysis of elasmobranch respiratory mode , gear type , and mortality . abstract .
sympatric whaler sharks with disparate life histories : growth dynamics of the bronze whaler , carcharhinus brachyurus , in gulf ecosystems of southern australia . abstract .
actions speak louder than words : the case for education and best practice over increased regulation of recreational pelagic shark fishing . abstract .
next - generation sequencing for next - generation fisheries management of whaler sharks . abstract .
in : sharks : conservation , governance and management by e . j . techera , n . klein ( eds ) , routledge : 236–260
from egg to hatchling : preferential retention of fatty acid biomarkers in young - of - the - year port jackson sharks heterodontus portusjacksoni .
australian and u . s . news media portrayal of sharks and their conservation .
population metrics and movement of two sympatric carcharhinids : a comparison of the vulnerability of pelagic sharks of the southern australian gulfs and shelves .
broad - scale movements and pelagic habitat of the dusky shark carcharhinus obscurus off southern australia determined using pop - up satellite archival tags .
experimental evaluation of fatty acid profiles as a technique to determine dietary composition in benthic elasmobranchs .
effects of an electric field on white sharks : in situ testing of an electric deterrent .
erratum : experimental evaluation of fatty acid profiles as a technique to determine dietary composition in benthic elasmobranchs ( vol 86 , pg 266 , 2013 ) .
the effects of cage - diving activities on the fine - scale swimming behaviour and space use of white sharks .
age and size determination of three sympatric wobbegong sharks : how reliable is size band periodicity in orectolobidae ? .
a controlled feeding experiment investigating the effects of a dietary switch on muscle and liver fatty acid profiles in port jackson sharks heterodontus portusjacksoni .
effects of the shark shield™ electric deterrent on the behaviour of white sharks ( carcharodon carcharias ) .
final report to safework south australia . version 2 . south australian research and development institute ( aquatic sciences ) , adelaide . sardi publication no . f2012 / 000123–1 . sardi research report series no . 632 . 61pp .
a quantitative comparison of the diets of sympatric pelagic sharks in gulf and shelf ecosystems off southern australia .
can a threshold value be used to classify chondrichthyan reproductive modes : systematic review and validation using an oviparous species .
in : iucn 2012 . iucn red list of threatened species . version 2012 . 2 . < www . iucnredlist . org >
quantification of the maternal - embryonal nutritional relationship of elasmobranchs : case study of wobbegong sharks ( genus orectolobus ) .
assessing the overlap between the diet of a coastal shark and the surrounding prey communities in a sub - tropical embayment .
spatial and temporal movement patterns of a multi - species coastal reef shark aggregation .
benavides , m . t . & feldheim , k . a . & duffy , c . & wintner , s . & braccini , m . & boomer , j . & huveneers , c . & rogers , p . j . & mangel , j . c . & alfaro - shigueto , j . & cartamil , d . p . & chapman , d . d . ( 2011 )
phylogeography of the copper shark ( carcharhinus brachyurus ) in the southern hemisphere : implications for the conservation of a coastal apex predator .
validation of the use of fatty acid profiles to assess diet in sharks . abstract
in : program and abstracts for the 2011 workshop and conference of the oceania chondrichthyan society , 13th–15th september 2011 , sea world resort and water park , gold coast , queensland , australia .
dna tags and satellite tracks : a multi - disciplinary assessment of dispersal and connectivity in the ‘vulnerable ' shortfin mako ( isurus oxyrinchus ) . abstract
heard , m . & reina , r . d . & van rijn , j . a . & huveneers , c . ( 2011 )
post - release stress physiology and mortality associated with trawl capture of sparsely spotted stingarees ( urolophus paucimaculatus ) . abstract
the influence of the cage - diving industry on the 3d - swimming behaviour of white sharks . abstract
seasonal migration and pelagic habitat use by dusky sharks carcharhinus obscurus in the southern ocean . abstract
accelerometry estimates field metabolic rate in white sharks ( carcharodon carcharias ) at pinniped colonies in south australia and south africa . abstract
assessment of the vulnerability of common thresher sharks ( alopias vulpinus ) in australian commercial and recreational fisheries . abstract
age & size of spotted wobbegong orectolobus maculatus , in southeast queensland , australia . abstract
assessing the distribution and relative abundance of wobbegong sharks ( orectolobidae ) in new south wales , australia , using recreational scuba - divers .
wang , y . & ishihara , h . & fahmi & manjaji , b . m . & capuli , e . & orlov , a . m . & huveneers , c . ( 2009 )
genetic and reproductive evidence for two species of ornate wobbegong shark orectolobus spp . on the australian east coast .
reproductive synchrony of three sympatric species of wobbegong shark ( genus orectolobus ) in new southwales , australia : reproductive parameter estimates necessary for population modelling .
quantitative diet assessment of wobbegong sharks ( genus orectolobus ) in new south wales , australia .
observations of localised movements and residence times of wobbegong sharks ( orectolobus halei ) at fish rock , nsw , australia .
redescription of two species of wobbegongs ( chondrichthyes : orectolobidae ) with elevation of orectolobus halei whitley 1940 to species level .
morphology of the blood cells from three species of wobbegong sharks ( orectolobus species ) on the east coast of new south wales .
observation of localised movements and residence times of the wobbegong shark orectolobus halei at fish rock , nsw , australia .
common in estuaries ( ref . 4832 ) . feed on bottom - dwelling organisms ( ref . 50449 ) - primarily small crustaceans , but also small fishes ( ref . 58048 ) . ovoviviparous ( ref . 50449 ) . landed in very large quantities as by - catch in the bottom trawl and trammel fisheries . utilized for its meat , but of limited value due to its very small size ( ref . 58048 ) .
indo - west pacific : india to southern japan , myanmar , malaya , indonesia , china and indo - china .
29 . 0 cm wd ( male / unsexed ; ( ref . 9840 ) )
depth range based on 7 specimens in 1 taxon . water temperature and chemistry ranges based on 4 samples . environmental ranges depth range ( m ) : 18 - 28 temperature range ( °c ) : 25 . 990 - 27 . 951 nitrate ( umol / l ) : 0 . 386 - 1 . 220 salinity ( pps ) : 31 . 668 - 36 . 293 oxygen ( ml / l ) : 4 . 146 - 4 . 502 phosphate ( umol / l ) : 0 . 172 - 0 . 539 silicate ( umol / l ) : 5 . 211 - 9 . 334 graphical representation depth range ( m ) : 18 - 28 temperature range ( °c ) : 25 . 990 - 27 . 951 nitrate ( umol / l ) : 0 . 386 - 1 . 220 salinity ( pps ) : 31 . 668 - 36 . 293 oxygen ( ml / l ) : 4 . 146 - 4 . 502 phosphate ( umol / l ) : 0 . 172 - 0 . 539 silicate ( umol / l ) : 5 . 211 - 9 . 334 note : this information has not been validated . check this * note * . your feedback is most welcome .
amphidromous . refers to fishes that regularly migrate between freshwater and the sea ( in both directions ) , but not for the purpose of breeding , as in anadromous and catadromous species . sub - division of diadromous . migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km . characteristic elements in amphidromy are : reproduction in fresh water , passage to sea by newly hatched larvae , a period of feeding and growing at sea usually a few months long , return to fresh water of well - grown juveniles , a further period of feeding and growing in fresh water , followed by reproduction there ( ref . 82692 ) .
inhabits coral reefs ( ref . 58534 ) . common in estuaries . feeds on bottom - dwelling organisms ( ref . 4832 ) .
exhibit ovoviparity ( aplacental viviparity ) , with embryos feeding initially on yolk , then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus , fat or protein through specialized structures ( ref . 50449 ) . distinct pairing with embrace ( ref . 205 ) . gives birth to litters of 1 - 4 pups ; born at 7 - 10 cm wd . no reproductive synchronicity ( ref . 58048 ) .
the following is a representative barcode sequence , the centroid of all available sequences for this species . there are 7 barcode sequences available from bold and genbank .
below is a sequence of the barcode region cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 ( coi or cox1 ) from a member of the species .
the diet of the pale - edged stingray consists mainly of small crustaceans and fishes . reproduction is aplacental viviparous , with females bearing litters of 1–3 young . caught as bycatch and utilized for its meat , this species is threatened by heavy fishing pressure throughout its range and has been assessed as near threatened by the international union for conservation of nature ( iucn ) .
are triangular . the tail is whip - like , much longer than the disc , and bears a stinging spine . a low dorsal fin fold originates just posterior of the spine tip while a deeper ventral fin fold originates below the spine base . young individuals have smooth skin , while adults have a row of 5–9 small tubercles in front of the spine . the dorsal surface is a uniform chocolate brown , darkening on the tail fin folds , while the underside is white with a brown band around the margin of the disc .
this species reaches a length of 75 cm ( 30 in ) and width of 29 cm ( 11 in ) , though most do not exceed 18–24 cm ( 7 . 1–9 . 4 in ) in width .
and later histotroph (
uterine milk
) secreted by the mother . females give birth to 1–3 young at a time ; there is no defined reproductive seasonality , at least in
waters . newborns measure 8–10 cm ( 3 . 1–3 . 9 in ) across . males
at a disc width of 18 cm ( 7 . 1 in ) and females at a disc width of 19 cm ( 7 . 5 in ) .
jordan , d . s . and h . w . fowler ( march 20 , 1903 ) .
a review of the elasmobranchiate fishes of japan
. proceedings of the united states national museum 26 ( 1324 ) : 593–674 . doi : 10 . 5479 / si . 00963801 . 26 - 1324 . 593 .
last , p . r . and l . j . v . compagno ( 1999 ) .
dasyatidae
. in carpenter , k . e . and v . h . niem . the living marine resources of the western central pacific ( volume 3 ) . food and agricultural organization of the united nations . pp . 1479–1505 . isbn 92 - 5 - 104302 - 7 .
yang , w . c . and y . g . lin ( july 1994 ) .
two new species of acanthobothrium cestodes ( tetraphyllidea : onchobothriidae ) from saltwater fishes in xiamen , south fujian , china
. journal of xiamen university natural science 33 ( 4 supplement 121 ) : 532–536 .
jadhav , b . v . and g . b . shinde ( 1982 ) .
a review of the genus balanobothrium hornell , 1912 with four new species
. helminthologia 19 ( 3 ) : 185–194 .
muralidhar , a . , g . b . shinde and b . v . jadhav ( 1987 ) .
pithophorus zugeii sp . nov . ( cestoda : phyllobothridae ) from a marine fish at madras , india
. indian journal of helminthology 39 ( 1 ) : 47–50 .
jadhav , b . v . , g . b . shinde and d . v . sarwade ( 1986 ) .
polypocephalus ratnagiriensis sp . nov . ( cestoda : lecanicephalidae ) from trygon zugei , india
. indian journal of helminthology 38 ( 2 ) : 88–92 .
jadhav , b . v . , g . b . shinde and r . a . deshmukh ( 1981 ) .
on a new cestode shindeiobothrium karbharae gen . n . sp . n . from a marine fish
. rivista di parassitologia 42 ( 1 ) : 31–34 .
deshmukh , r . a . and g . b . shinde ( 1979 ) .
three new species of tetragonocephalum shipley and hornell , 1905 ( cestoda : tetragonocephalidae ) from marine fishes of west coast of india
. bioresearch ( ujjain ) 3 ( 1 ) : 19–23 .
jadhav , b . v . and g . b . shinde ( 1981 ) .
a new species of the genus tylocephalum linton , 1890 ( cestoda : lecanicephlidea ) from an indian marine fish
. indian journal of parasitology 5 ( 1 ) : 109–111 .
jadhav , b . v . , g . b . shinde , a . muralidhar and a . d . mohekar ( 1989 ) .
two new species of the genus uncibilocularis southwell , 1925 from ( cestoda : onchobothriidae ) india
. indian journal of helminthology 41 ( 1 ) : 14–20 .
jadhav , b . v . and g . b . shinde ( 1981 ) .
uncibilocularis veravalensis n . sp . ( cestoda : onchobothriidae ) from an indian marine fish
. indian journal of parasitology 5 ( 1 ) : 113–115 .
kansei engineering is an ergonomic human oriented technology for a new product development which was founded by dr . mitsuo nagamachi in japan and it has spread out worldwide as a technology for the development of new products . it is defined as “technology for translating consumer’s feelings and image of a product into its design elements” . it is also called
emotional quality
or
affective design
. kansei engineering is a powerful technology for reducing the time and resources invested in new product development technology to translate tacit customer and market needs into explicit needs , which can be then deployed with other technologies such as qfd and ergonomics . paper will explain the relation between these technologies depending on the characteristics of the customer needs and solutions . a case study regarding beer can design will also be deployed .


trapeziophora gemmula is a species of sedge moth , and the only species in the genus trapeziophora .

it was described by walsingham in 1892 .

it is found in the west indies .

the wingspan is 11 mm .

the forewings are greyish fuscous at the base , blending into bright purple on the apical half of the wing .

the basal half is irrorated with small whitish shining dots , which run in a series of lines , radiating outwards from the base to the middle of the wing .

a few similar dots , but of a rather yellower colour , are visible about the middle of the bright purple apical half of the wing .

upon this outer half are four distinct shining iridescent metallic bands , with a lilac or green reflexion .

the hindwings are brown .

trapeziophora gemmula

type - species : trapeziophora gemmula walsingham , 1891 . proc . zool . soc . lond . : 530 , pl . 41 fig . 7 . [ bhl ]
genus : trapeziophora walsingham , 1892 . proc . zool . soc . lond . 1891 : 529 . [ bhl ]
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a taxon identifier is composed of name , author , year and attribute , all separated by a blank . these are all extracted from the original publication .
the name is reproduced exactly as proposed in the original publication . the name of a genus is made up of one word and species made up of two words ( genus and species ) separated by a blank .
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and the number of omitted authors .
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to cite this page : myers , p . , r . espinosa , c . s . parr , t . jones , g . s . hammond , and t . a . dewey . 2018 . the animal diversity web ( online ) . accessed at https : / / animaldiversity . org .
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ion contains the organism names related data gathered from the scientific literature for clarivate analytics ' zoological record ® database . viruses , bacteria and plant names will be added from other clarivate databases such as biosis previews ® .