cameraria milletiae is a moth of the gracillariidae family .

it is known from sarawak and selangor , malaysia .

the wingspan is 4.5-5.3 mm .

the larvae feed on milletia sericea .

the mine has the form of an oval or elliptical blotch-mine occurring on the lower side of the leaflet .

it is rather large , light brownish on the mining part in the lower view and mottled with pale green in the upper view .

it is slightly tentiform , but without wrinkles on the lower epidermis .

pupation takes place inside the mine-cavity in a pupa encircled with a whitish , ellipsoidal , rough cocoon .

cameraria milletiae

die miniermotte cameraria ohridella deschka & dimic eine gefahr für die roßkastanie aesculus hippocastanum l . ( insecta , lepidoptera , lithocolletidae ) .
opler , p . a . & davis d . r . 1981 . the leafmining moths of the genus cameraria associated with fagaceae in california ( lepidoptera : gracillariidae ) . - smithsonian contributions to zoology 333 : i–iii , 1–58 .
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u . s . a . , california , contra creek co . [ unty ] , walnut creek .
holotype ♂ , cas ; allotype ♀ , ucb ; paratypes 98 specimens ( gender not stated ) in bmnh , cal , coll . deschka ( steyr ) , lacm , ucb , ucd , usnm .
pohl , g . r . , cannings , r . a . , landry , j . - f . , holden , d . g . & scudder , g . g . e . 2015 . checklist of the lepidoptera of british columbia , canada . - — : 294 pp . .
* on upperside of leaf , shape irregular , epidermis opaque , red brown , usually extending across leaf midrib ( opler & davis 1981 : 10 ) .
the principal host is quercus lobata née ( opler & davis 1981 : 11 ) .
confused by a class within a class or an order within an order ? please see our brief essay .
to cite this page : myers , p . , r . espinosa , c . s . parr , t . jones , g . s . hammond , and t . a . dewey . 2018 . the animal diversity web ( online ) . accessed at https : / / animaldiversity . org .
disclaimer : the animal diversity web is an educational resource written largely by and for college students . adw doesn ' t cover all species in the world , nor does it include all the latest scientific information about organisms we describe . though we edit our accounts for accuracy , we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts . while adw staff and contributors provide references to books and websites that we believe are reputable , we cannot necessarily endorse the contents of references beyond our control .
this material is based upon work supported by the national science foundation grants drl 0089283 , drl 0628151 , due 0633095 , drl 0918590 , and due 1122742 . additional support has come from the marisla foundation , um college of literature , science , and the arts , museum of zoology , and information and technology services .
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curators : konstantin efetov , vasiliy feoktistov , svyatoslav knyazev , evgeny komarov , stan korb , alexander zhakov .
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1 department of entomology , national museum of natural history , smithsonian institution , p . o . box 37012 mrc 105 , washington , d . c . 20013 - 7012 , u . s . a .
corresponding author : donald r . davis ( ude . is @ dsivad ) .
this is an open access article distributed under the terms of the creative commons attribution license , which permits unrestricted use , distribution , and reproduction in any medium , provided the original author and source are credited .
the new genus macrosaccus davis & de prins is proposed for three species formerly assigned to the genus phyllonorycter : macrosaccus robiniella ( clemens ) , macrosaccus morrisella ( fitch ) , and macrosaccus uhlerella ( fitch ) ; two new , closely related species : macrosaccus neomexicanus davis and macrosaccus gliricidius davis , are also proposed . descriptions of the adults , pupae , larvae , life histories , and distributions are supplemented with photographs , line drawings , and scanning electron micrographs . larvae of all species are serpentine / blotch leaf miners on various genera of the plant family fabaceae . the genus is endemic to the new world , with the invasive species macrosaccus robiniella now widely established in europe .
the purpose of this paper is to propose and diagnose a new lithocolletine genus , macrosaccus , and to document the five species we recognize within this new world group . this study is long overdue because one species , macrosaccus robiniella ( clemens ) , has become a serious invasive pest on the introduced robinia pseudoacacia l . ( fabaceae ) over much of europe . with this contribution we also attempt to broaden the understanding of the generic definitions within lithocolletinae . we transfer three previously known phyllonorycter species to macrosaccus , clarify the synonymy , and designate lectotypes whenever possible for the species - group taxa . additionally , we provide dna barcodes as identification aids and descriptions of two new congeneric species which also were reared from fabaceae .
field investigations were carried out in europe ( belgium ) , canary islands ( la palma ) , and in several states within the united states ( arizona , illinois , maryland , new mexico ) . all specimens examined in this study were reared from species of
leaves containing mines with larvae were placed in plastic bags or rearing containers periodically moistening the lids protecting the specimens from drying out . specimens were pinned , spread and mounted in the usual way for morphological examination . some voucher samples of reared specimens were fixed in 100 % ethanol for dna analysis . larvae and pupae collected on robinia pseudoacacia l . were preserved in 75 % ethanol .
adults were examined externally using either mz12 . 5 or nikon smz 1500 stereomicroscopes ( maximum magnification 200× ) . genitalia were prepared following robinson ( 1976 ) with some modifications . after maceration of the abdomen in 10 % koh for 24 hours or by heating in hot 10 % koh for ~ 30 minutes , and subsequent cleaning and deionization , the male genitalia were stained with 2 % eosine b , a mixture of 2 % azophloxine and 2 % acid fuchsin ; the female genitalia were stained with a 1 % chlorazol black e solution and embedded in euparal or canada balsam . genital morphology was examined using a leica dmlb microscope under magnifications of 150× , 200× , and 400× . the terminology follows vári ( 1961 ) , klots ( 1970 ) , ( kumata ( 1993 , 1995 ) , and kristensen ( 2003 ) . microslides for studies of wing venation were prepared following the technique suggested by vári ( 1961 ) and applying modifications used by hoare ( 2000 ) . some wing slides were cleaned , stained with saffranin , and mounted dry beneath a glass coverslip .
for scanning electron microscopy , the immatures were immobilized by moment freezing at - 27°c . pupae were sputtered - coated with gold using a bal - tec / scd 005 sputter coater . the images were taken with a jeol mp 35060 camera combined with a jeol jsm - 5400 lv electron scanning microscope and processed using the orion 4 high resolution image grabbing system software . larval terminology follows davis ( 1987 ) .
sequences of the 658bp cytochrome oxidase i were generated at the biodiversity institute of ontario , university of guelph , canada . dna was extracted from legs or entire bodies of adult moths using a qiagen dneasy extraction kit ( qiagen , inc . , valencia , ca ) . primers lepf1 and lepr1 (
) . sequences are available at the national center for biotechnology information genbank database and at the barcode of life database ( bold ) . a neighbor - joining ( nj ) tree was generated utilizing the kimura 2 - parameter model via the bold website urltoken ;
) to illustrate the genetic divergences between species . a compressed version of this tree was produced (
compressed subtree sequenced data for cytochrome c oxidase i ( coi ) of macrosaccus , derived from 13 samples among 5 species based upon neighbor - joining analysis with kimura 2 - parameter model . numbers above branches indicate branch length . sequence lengths obtained for all samples were 658bp each .
whenever possible the primary types of every species were examined . lectotypes were designated from the syntypic series whenever available .
bmnh the natural history museum ( formerly the british museum ( natural history ) ) , london , united kingdom .
cnc canadian national collections of insects , arachnids and nematodes , agriculture and agri - food canada , ottawa , canada .
mcz museum of comparative zoology , harvard university , cambridge , massachusetts , usa .
usnm collections of the former united states national museum , now deposited in the national museum of natural history , smithsonian institution , washington , d . c . , usa .
urn : lsid : zoobank . org : act : 2451daed - feb2 - 4e03 - b86c - 88f10584a067
macrosaccus is assigned to the subfamily lithocolletinae on the basis of the following putative morphological synapomorphies : hindwing vein rs parallel to vein m and costal margin ; adults rest with body parallel to surface ; adult head with occipital tuft ; and pupation occurring within the mine .
) . vertex covered with long dense tuft of piliform scales ; frons with smooth appressed scales ; eyes of midsize ; interocular index ( = vertical eye diameter / interocular distance ) ~ 0 . 75–0 . 96 . antenna about 0 . 7× the length of forewing ( n = 9 ) , smooth scaled , with a single row of scales per segment ; scape with dense pecten . proboscis well developed , naked , ca . 1 . 8–2 . 5× length of labial palpus . maxillary palpus very short , rudimentary , ~ 0 . 5× length of labial palpomere ii , and directed laterally ; consisting of 2 articulated segments ; basal 2 segments fused ; segment 3 free , spherical . labial palpus slender , drooping , with ratio of segments from base 1 . 5 : 1 : 2 .
adult morphology , macrosaccus robiniella . 10 head 11 detail of left maxilla 12 wing venation .
) . forewing slender , maximum width / length ratio ca . 0 . 2 , narrow at apex . venation with 8 veins , apical part with 5 veins ; sc strong , extending nearly to costa , basal half of r indistinct , rs2 present , rs3 arises from apex of the cell , position of rs4 variable , arising either from base of rs3 or stalked with rs3 , m and cua1 separate , cup indistinct ( fold ) for entire length , 1a strong , separate , discal cell either open ( with absence of crossvein between rs2 and rs3 ) or closed , extending ~ 0 . 78 of wing length . hindwing lanceolate , maximum width 0 . 12 that of length , venation reduced , similar to
; sc very short , rs very long , extending almost to apex ; basal 2 / 3 of m indistinct , parallel to rs , distal part of m ends near distal 3 / 5 : basal half of cu strong , distal half indistinct , ending slightly before midway along dorsum ; frenulum a single stout bristle in male , 2 tightly appressed bristles in female , retinaculum in male consisting of a broadly triangular curved fold from the ventral base of sc and a few stiff , forward directed scales situated on the posterior part of cu .
abdomen . the margins of the abdominal opening strongly sclerotized and broad laterally , the sclerotized margination of abdomen opening unconnected on t2 , s2 apodemes long , ~ half the length of s2 , generally slender but more stout at basal 1 / 3 and very slender at distal 2 / 3 ; two pairs of tiny spinules on s2 sublaterally , and a pair of tiny spinules on s3–s6 sublaterally . sternum 8 in male undeveloped .
male genitalia . tegumen relatively short , broad , moderately sclerotized laterally . caudal portion covered with numerous tiny setae . a pair of long , slender setae present at apex of tegumen . vinculum broad , u - shaped with very slender , elongate saccus which ranges from 1 . 1–1 . 7× the length of valva . valvae symmetrical , moderately broad , costal margin nearly straight to slightly curved ; ventral margin variable between species from slightly convex to slightly concave over distal half with apex varying from fully round to abruptly narrowing ; median surface of valva with sparse setae of medium length ; apex of valva densely covered with longer , more stout setae . transtilla complete and well developed , laterally expanded into rounded lobes . aedeagus very long , nearly as long as entire genital capsule ( from apex of tegumen to anterior end of saccus ) , straight and slender , of uniform diameter along its length ; caudal end of vesica usually with long , slender cornuti ; phallobase ~ ¼ total length of aedeagus .
female genitalia . papillae anales flattened , strongly interconnected , covered with short setae mostly along apical margin ; basal bar broad but weakly sclerotized . posterior apophyses slightly longer than width of papillae anales , straight and slender . segment 8 short , weakly sclerotized . anterior apophyses as long or slightly shorter than posterior apophyses , with moderately broad bases , then slender extending to caudal 1 / 3 of segment 7 . ostium bursae opens medially , near caudal margin of segment 7 ; sterigma simple , without cuticle folds , antrum funnel - shaped , narrowing anteriorly . subcaudal area of segment 7 mottled with numerous tubercles . ductus bursae ~ 2× times longer than segment 7 ; a membranous accessory bursae ~ 2 / 3 the length of corpus bursae , arising from middle to anterior 1 / 3 of ductus bursae , with a smaller lateral pouch arising ~ midway along side of accessory bursae . corpus bursae 1 . 0–2 . 0× the length of segment 7 , subcaudal region of corpus bursae usually with scattered spicules or with spicules arranged in linear rows in macrosaccus robiniella .
hypermetamorphic with five larval instars . earliest instars ( 1–3 ) highly modified sapfeeders with strongly depressed bodies and reduced chaetotaxy ; 3 pairs of stemmata arranged in a lateral , anterior cluster on head ; labrum short and broad , bilobed ; anterior margin broadly concave , roughened , with minute dentations along inner margin of lateral lobes ; maxillary and labial palpi absent . later instars ( 4 and 5 ) tissue feeders , with cylindrical bodies . head approximately round with full complement of mouthparts ; 4 pairs of stemmata present ; antenna 3 - segmented with first segment moderately long ; labrum strongly bilobed with raised median portion on each lobe ; m1 absent ; numerous secondary spines visible from inner , ventral perimeter of labrum . thorax with sd1 elongate , immediately ventral to xd2 ; sd2 absent on t1 , present on t2–3l group bisenose on t1–3 . sv unisetose on t1–3 . legs relatively short but fully developed ; coxae widely separated , with 4 coxal setae . abdomen with d and sd groups bisetose on a1–8 , 10 ; unisetose on a9 ; l group bisetose on a1–5 , unisetose on a6–10 ; prolegs present on a3–5 , 10 ; crochets of a3–5 arranged in a uniordinal circle ; anal proleg with crochets arranged in a uniordinal semicircle opened caudally ; anal plate with 4 pairs of setae .
head with vertex terminating in a relatively short , broadly triangular , acute frontal process ( cocoon cutter ) . abdomen mostly covered dorsally and ventrally with dense , minute spines ; dorsum of a2–7 with a single anterior row of short , stout spines ; caudal half of sternum 7 with a transverse ridge ( accessory cremaster ) bearing ~ 18–21 mostly longitudinal rows of short , blunt spines ; cremaster of a10 greatly reduced , nearly absent , consisting of 1–2 pairs of minute tergal spines .
the generic name is derived from the ancient greek μακρο - ( long ) and σάκκος ( bag ) in reference to the elongate saccus in the male genitalia . gender masculine .
) . venation in the lanceolate hindwings is similarly reduced with only three major veins usually preserved ( rs , m , and cu ) in addition to the extremely basal sc + r1 . the position of rs4 in
differs somewhat from that in the aforementioned three genera in arising either from the base of rs3 or stalked with rs3 . perhaps more significantly is that the discal cell is usually open in
due to the total or near absence of the rs2 - rs3 crossvein . this crossvein is usually present in the other genera .
the most distinguishing feature in the male genitalia of macrosaccus is the extremely long , rodlike saccus , whence the generic name is derived . the male saccus in chrysaster , cremastobombycia , and phyllonorycter is either undeveloped or much shorter and stouter ( except in two afrotropical species phyllonorycter farensis and phyllonorycter obandai ) . likewise sternum 8 in all males of these three genera is extended caudally as a variably lengthened plate beneath the genitalia , compared to being unmodified in macrosaccus . the female genitalia of macrosaccus typically possess a relatively large , variably shaped accessory bursa arising approximately midway along the long , slender ductus bursae . the corpus bursae contains dense patches or faint rows of minute spines . the accessory bursae in phyllonorycter originates more caudally near the ostium , and usually two , circular and variably sclerotized signa are present ( davis and deschka 2001 ) .
is characterized by an accessory cremaster on abdominal sternum 7 that is unlike that of any other known gracillarid genus . this consists of a raised transverse ridge bearing ~ 18–21 mostly longitudinally oblique rows of short , blunt spines (
pupa of macrosaccus robiniella . 83 abdominal segments 7 , 8 , 9 + 10 , ventral view ( 100 µm ) 85 detail of accessory cremaster , abdominal sternum 7 ( 100 µm ) 86 abdominal segments 8 , 9 + 10 , dorsal view ( 100 µm ) 87 abdominal segments 8 , 9 + 10 , ventral view ( 50 µm ) 88 caudal view of abdomen ( 100 µm ) 89 abdominal segments 8 , 9 + 10 , lateral view ( 100 µm ) . ( scale lengths in parentheses ) .
) further confirms the species concepts previously determined by morphological and larval host information . sequence divergences within species for the 12 samples with multiple specimens were low and varied between 0–0 . 62 % (
mitochondrial dna ( coi ) sequence divergence ( % ) among species of macrosaccus . uncorrected average pairwise distances are shown for the barcoding region of ( coi ) . shaded cells contain means within species distances . cells below shaded diagonal contain mean between species distances . species abbreviations in the heading refer to species listed in left column .
adults 2–4 . macrosaccus robiniella . 2 ♂ , usa : maryland , ( 2 . 8 mm ) 3 ♂ , usa : maryland , ( 3 . 0 mm ) 4 belgium : antwerp , ( 3 . 0 mm ) 5 macrosaccus morrisella , ♂ , usa : maryland , ( 2 . 5 mm ) 6 macrosaccus neomexicanus , usa : arizona , ( 3 . 2 mm ) 7 macrosaccus uhlerella , usa : illinois , ( 2 . 5 mm ) 8 macrosaccus uhlerella , usa : illinois , ( 3 . 0 mm ) 9 macrosaccus gliricidius , ♂ , honduras : morazán , ( 2 . 4 mm ) . ( forewing lengths in parentheses ) .
genitalia , macrosaccus robiniella . 13–14 male . 13 genital capsule , ventral view 14 aedeagus . 15–17 female . 15 lateral view 16 detail of signa within corpus bursae 17 segments 7–10 , ventral view .
2000 , unpublished observations , aleš laštůvka & hana šefrová , pers . comm .
leafmines of macrosaccus robiniella on robinia pseudoacacia . 36 abaxial blotch mines , with kind permission of györgy csóka 37 early instar , abaxial serpentine mines , with kind permission of györgy csóka 38 abaxial blotch mine 39 adaxial view of fig . 38 40 opened mine with 2 cocoons .
sap feeding larval instar of macrosaccus robiniella . 59 head , dorsal view ( 50 µm ) 60 detail of mouthparts , antenna , dorsal view ( 10 µm ) 61 head , ventral view ( 50 µm ) 62 antenna dorsal view ( 10 µm ) 63 detail of mouthparts , ventral view ( 10 µm ) 64 head , lateral view ( 20 µm ) 65 detail of stemmatal area , lateral view ( 20 µm ) . ( scale lengths in parentheses ) .
late tissue feeding instar larva and pupa of macrosaccus robiniella . 90–96 larval chaetotaxy . 90 lateral schematic of prothorax , mesothorax , and abdominal segments 1 , 2 , 5–10 91 dorsal view of head 92 ventral view 93 lateral view 94 dorsal view of abdominal segments 8–10 95 labrum , dorsal view 96 mandible . 97–98 pupa . 97 ventral view 98 lateral view . ( bar scale for figures as indicated ) .
lithocolletis robiniella clemens 1859 ( nov . ) : 318 ; 1872 : 66 . - chambers 1871 : 54 , 87 , 163 , 183 , 185 ; 1872 : 9 , 107 ; 1875 : 228 ; 1877 : 137 . - zeller 1875 : 348 . - frey and boll 1878 : 275 . - riley 1891 : 109 , no . 5889 . - busck 1903 : 189 . - dyar 1902 [ 1903 ] : 551 , no 6267 . - braun 1908 : 291 . - meyrick 1912a : 7 ; 1912b : 32 . - braun 1914 : 110 . - forbes 1923 : 192 . - mcdunnough 1939 : 95 , no . 9191 . - weaver and dorsey 1965 : 934 ; 1967 : 178 .
phyllonorycter robiniella ( clemens ) . - ely 1918 : 59 . - davis 1983 : 10 . - maier and davis 1989 : 15 . - leraut 1997 : 96 . - de prins and de prins 2005 : 342 . - de prins and de prins 2011 .
lithocolletis pseudacaciella ( fitch ) . - riley , 1891 : 109 , no . 5889 ( synonym of lithocolletis robiniella ) . - dyar 1902 [ 1903 ] : 551 , no 6267 . - braun 1908 : 291 . - meyrick 1912a : 7 ; 1912b : 32 . - ely 1918 : 59 . - barnes and mcdunnough 1917 : 187 , no . 7915 . - mcdunnough 1939 : 95 , no . 9191 . - davis 1983 : 10 . - leraut 1997 : 96 . - de prins and de prins 2005 : 342 . - de prins and de prins 2011 .
the overall appearance of this widespread eastern north american ( and now well established european ) species most closely resembles that of the more southwestern us species , macrosaccus neomexicanus . the more abruptly constricted apical region of the valvae and the minute , longitudinally oriented striae and spicules of the corpus bursae readily distinguish it from macrosaccus neomexicanus .
head : frons smooth , shiny white . vertex extremely rough ; vestiture consisting of a tuft of elongate , piliform , mostly dark brown , intermixed with white , scales . labial palpus white . antenna mostly dark fuscous dorsally for most its length , with dark area narrowing to a more slender dark streak toward basal 1 / 4–1 / 3 its length ; antenna mostly white ventrally ; apical segment entirely white .
thorax : dark brown dorsally , white ventrally ; tegula dark brown , with pale grey to white suffusion anteriorly . forewing pattern complex , costal half mostly light orange brown crossed by 4 equally spaced , white costal strigulae , each bordered basally , sometimes faintly , by black to dark grey and distally by light grey scales ; basal 2 strigulae strongly oblique ; a fifth , minute , white strigula sometimes arising from black apical spot before forewing apex . basal third and dorsal half of forewing usually darker , mostly black to sometimes pale golden grey between strigulae ; slender white streak from base of wing usually indistinct or absent ; a greyish , oblique strigula often evident near base of wing which connects with a larger , more distinct greyish strigula from dorsal margin ; dorsal margin also with 3 , usually less distinct white strigulae approximately opposite to distal 3 white strigulae from costa ; basal dorsal strigula usually contiguous with second costal strigula . apex of forewing with a large black apical spot , which is rarely reduced ; fringe mostly light grey . hindwing , including fringe , uniformly grey . foreleg mostly dark fuscous dorsally , white ventrally , with 2 white annuli around basal tarsomeres ; midleg with 2 oblique bands of white dorsally over tibia ; tarsomeres more broadly banded with white dorsally ; hindleg mostly white with much of tibia pale fuscous dorsally , and with 3 broad , pale fuscous annuli dorsally over tarsomeres .
abdomen : dark fuscous dorsally and white ventrally with greyish suffusion on anterior portion of segments 2–7 laterally and sometimes ventrally on a8 .
in form , gradually constricted before apex ; apex rounded , densely setose ; base of costa fused to moderately thickened , arched transtilla ; transtilla with rounded knoblike lateral projections that extend anteriorly in repose ( more caudally when valvae are spread widely apart ) ; saccus a slender , elongate rod ~ 1 . 2× length of valva . aedeagus very long and uniformly slender , ~ 2 . 1× length of valva .
) : ductus bursae long and slender , nearly half the length of elongate corpus bursae . accessory bursae ~ 2 / 3 the length of corpus bursae , arising from anterior 1 / 3 of ductus bursae ; with a smaller lateral pouch arising ~ midway along side of accessory bursae . corpus bursae gradually broadening anteriorly , with faint longitudinal striae in wall which bear longitudinal rows of low , dentate ridges around anterior third of corpus bursae ; walls of anterior end ( distal 1 / 5 ) of corpus bursae entirely membranous .
) . hypermetamorphic ; five larval instars . earliest instars ( 1–3 ) highly modified sapfeeders with strongly depressed bodies and reduced chaetotaxy ; maximum length 3 . 7 mm , width ( t1 ) : 0 . 9 mm . later instars ( 4 and 5 ) tissue feeders , with cylindrical bodies ; maximum length : 4 . 7 mm , width : 0 . 7 mm ; body colour pale green to white with notal plates and pinnacula smooth , reduced and unpigmented ( indistinct ) .
: maximum width ( third instar ) 0 . 4 mm ; greatly depressed , triangular . most setae lost or reduced ; 3 pairs of stemmata arranged in a lateral , anterior cluster on head . labrum (
) short and broad , bilobed , with 2 pairs of extremely reduced , peglike dorsal setae ; anterior margin broadly concave , roughened , with 4–5 minute dentations along inner margin of lateral lobes . mandibles broadly rounded , flattened , with 2 short cusps lateral to relatively large inner plate . labium smooth , lateral margins subparallel ; anterior margin shallowly notched at middle ; spinneret absent . maxillary and labial palpi absent . hypopharynx broad , densely covered with minute spines along anterior margin ; with margin slightly excavated at middle . antenna 3 - segmented , with short basiconic sensilla as shown (
: approximately round with full complement of mouthparts ; brown ; maximum width ( fifth instar ) 0 . 35 mm . frons elongate , ~ 0 . 85× the distance to epicranial notch . ecdysial line terminating near epicranial notch . chaetotaxy (
) relatively complete ; all three md setae present , arising caudad to p1 . p1 arising adjacent to ecdysial line . p2 reduced , arising slightly caudad to reduced l1 . setae af1–2 absent . a2 arising near a3 in a line between p1 and a3 . c1 and 2 reduced , closely adjacent . four stemmata present . antenna 3 - segmented ; first segment moderately long ; sensilla as shown in
) strongly bilobed with raised median portion on each lobe ; m1 absent ; numerous secondary spines visible from inner , ventral perimeter of labrum . mandible (
) with three large median cusps and one smaller median and two lateral cusps ; mandibular setae variable ( 1–2 ) and located on anterior surface . hypopharynx with dense , well developed dorsal spines . maxilla as shown in
. spinneret a relatively short tube with a simple , rounded apex . labial palpus with a relatively long basal segment bearing one short sensillum and a much shorter ( ~ 0 . 25× length of basal segment ) apical bearing a single long apical sensillum ~ 2× length of apical segment .
: setae xd1 and 2 short , of equal lengths on prothorax ( t1 ) . sd1 elongate , immediately ventral to xd2 ; sd2 absent on t1 , present on t2–3l group bisenose on t1–3 . sv unisetose on t1–3 . legs (
) relatively short but fully developed ; coxae widely separated , with 4 coxal setae ; pretarsal claw moderately curved .
: d and sd groups bisetose on a1–8 , 10 ; unisetose on a9 ; l group bisetose on a1–5 , unisetose on a6–10 . prolegs present on a3–5 , 10 ; crochets of a3–5 consisting of 17–24 small hooks arranged in a uniordinal circle ; anal proleg with crochets consisting of 15–18 small hooks arranged in a uniordinal semicircle opened caudally (
late tissue feeding instar larva of macrosaccus robiniella . 66 ventral view ( 1 mm ) 67 head , dorsal view ( 100 µm ) 68 mouthparts , dorsal view ( 50 µm ) 69 maxilla , anterior view ( 5 µm ) 70 antenna , lateral view ( 10 µm ) 71 mandible , dorsal view ( 10 µm ) . ( scale lengths in parentheses ) .
late tissue feeding instar larva of macrosaccus robiniella . 72 head , ventral view ( 100 µm ) 73 detail of mouthparts , ventral view ( 20 µm ) 74 lateral view of mouthparts ( 50 µm ) 75 lateral view of head ( 100 µm ) 76 thoracic leg ( 20 µm ) 77 abdominal segments 9 , 10 , dorsal view ( 100 µm ) . ( scale lengths in parentheses ) .
late tissue feeding instar larva and pupa of macrosaccus robiniella . 78–80 larva 78 abdominal segments 9 , 10 , ventral view 79 anal proleg 80 abdominal segments 9 , 10 , lateral view . 81–83 pupa 81 head , ventral view 82 lateral view 83 anterior row of dorsal abdominal spines . ( scale lengths in parentheses ) .
) located on one side of the midrib and usually on the under ( abaxial ) side of the leaflet . eventually the mine becomes slightly tentiform due to the silk laid down by the later instar larvae .
, is believed once to have occurred primarily in two regions within the united states – one centered in the appalachian mountains from central pennsylvania to northern georgia and alabama , and the other in the ozark plateau of southern missouri , eastern arkansas to eastern oklahoma . this tree has since spread over much of the continental united states , portions of northeastern canada , and parts of south america , europe , asia , africa , and australia (
is deposited externally usually some distance from the leaf edge or midrib . five larval instars have been observed by counting head capsules within mines in north america and belgium .
reported up to six instars based on head capsule measurements in germany . the larvae typically form elongate - oval , whitish blotch mines on usually the under ( abaxial ) side of the leaflets . upon eclosion , the apodal , prognathous sap - feeding larva enters the leaf and begins a slender , subepidermal , serpentine mine (
) which usually encompasses and obliterates the previous serpentine mine . as is true for the larvae of
) , the last sap - feeding instar probably begins expanding the mine laterally . initiation of the tissue - feeding instar is indicated by deeper feeding into the spongy and palisade tissue layers of the leaflet as the larva begins to ingest solid tissue . the resulting injury becomes visible from the opposite leaf surface , particularly in the underside mines , as dense , whitish punctures . as the tissue - feeding larva matures , it begins to lay down silken strands across the inner surface of the mine causing the leaflet to roll inwards and the mine to become tentiform (
) within the mine without any precut exit opening . especially during heavy infestations , the mines of adjacent larvae may coalesce resulting in multiple pupal cocoons . the phenology of this species has not been accurately determined over its range within north america . normally two to three generations per year have been reported in europe , which can occasionally reach as many as four (
braun ( 1908 ) noted that the mines could occur on both leaf surfaces . weaver and dorsey ( 1967 ) described the larval mining behaviour of macrosaccus robiniella in great detail and observed several differences between the upper side mines , which reportedly were more common at higher elevations ( ~ 760 m ) , and the under side mines . the latter were found most frequently at elevations of ~ 270 m at their west virginia study sites . some of the distinctions they observed were that upper side mines occurred usually more basal on the leaflet and often extended across the midrib , with the larval frass concentrated more basally within the mine . under side mines are situated less basally and usually restricted to one side of the midrib , with frass scattered more uniformly throughout the mine . only a single , somewhat loosely woven cocoon was observed in the upper side mines , compared to as many as three , densely woven cocoons in the lower mines . drd compared males reared from the upper and lower side mines and found no significant morphological differences ( weaver and dorsey 1967 ) . a search for the weaver specimens in the collections of the university of west virginia at morgantown yielded no material associated with the upper side mines from the higher elevation sites ( ~ 760 m ) . hopefully specimens from the higher elevation , upper side mines can be collected in order to examine their genetic distances .
in addition to hymenoptera parasitoids , other lepidoptera larvae have been noted within the mines of macrosaccus robiniella ( weaver and dorsey 1967 ) . these were observed to alter the appearance of the mine by removing all mesophyll and largely destroying the frass pattern created by macrosaccus robiniella . packard ( 1890 ) identifies a species of gelechiidae , filatima pseudacaciella ( chambers ) , which sometimes feeds within the mine in addition to feeding externally .
) . forewing extending to anterior margin of a6 ; antenna slightly longer to middle of a6 ; hindleg extending to a7 . abdomen mostly covered dorsally and ventrally with dense , minute spines ; dorsum of a2–7 with a single anterior row of short , stout spines (
) . cremaster of a10 greatly reduced , nearly absent , consisting of 1–2 pairs of minute tergal spines .
lithocolletis robiniella clemens : lectotype ♀ ( present designation ) : “14” ; “ lithocolletis robiniella clemens , type ! a . b . 1902 ; type 7505 lithocolletis robiniella b . clemens” ; “lectotype ♀ by d . r . davis” , ( ansp ) . [ the abdomen , right forewing , and distal part of right hindwing are missing ] .
paralectotypes 3 ♂ and 1 specimen without abdomen “syntype” , “ lithocolletis robiniella clem . 1 / 4” , “clemens det . ex clemens coll . ” , “stainton coll . brit . mus . 1893–134” ; same labels except nrs . 2 / 4 , 3 / 4 and 4 / 4 . the specimen with nr . 4 / 4 carries an extra label in stainton’s handwriting : “ lithocolletis robiniella clemens , proc . n . s . phil . 1859 p . 319 , n . s . unlike any european species” , ( bmnh ) .
argyromiges pseudacaciella fitch : lectotype ♀ ( present designation ) : “ argyromiges pseudacaciella ; type no . 514 u . s . n . m” ; “lectotype ♀ by d . r . davis . ” ( usnm ) .
belgium : province of antwerp : postel : 15 ♂ , 23 ♀ , 7 sep 2009 , em . 15–22 sep 2009 , j . and w . de prins , leafmine on
, ( usnm ) . canada : ontario : ancaster : 1 ♂ , 24 jul 1964 , t . n . freeman , host :
, 64–20 , ( cnc ) . bobcaygeon : 1 ♂ , 23 jul 1932 , j . mcdunnough , reared on
, ( cnc ) . ottawa : 1 ♂ , 26 aug 1955 , g . g . lewis , host : b . locust , 55–8 , ( cnc ) . walsh : 1 ♂ , 23 sep 1966 , t . n . freeman , host : bl . locust , ( cnc ) . united states : district of columbia : 1 ♀ , 7 jul 1879 , host :
rock creek park : 1 ♂ , 22 may 1984 , w . e . steiner , ( usnm ) . illinois : adams co : quincy : 3 ♂ , 3 ♀ , 15–21 feb 1948 ; 2 ♂ , 2 ♀ , 6 apr 1947 ; j . p . nielson ( inhs ) . coles co : fox ridge state park : 1 ♂ , 1 jun 1991 , em . 9 jun , 1991 ; 1 ♀ , 29 jun 1991 , em . 5 jul 1991 ; 3 ♂ , 1 ♀ , 14 jul 1991 , em . 16–20 jul 1991 , t . harrison , leafmine on
, ( inhs ) ; 1 ♂ , 7 jun 1991 , at uv light t . harrison , ( inhs ) . putnam co : 1 ♀ , 15 apr 1996 ; 1 ♂ , 24 apr 1963 ; 1 ♂ , 29 apr 1969 ; 1 ♂ , 2 jun 1966 ; 1 ♀ , 11 jul 1959 ; 1 ♀ , 3 sep 1951 , m . o . glenn , ( inhs ) ; 1 ♀ , 3 may 1953 ; 1 ♂ , 1 ♀ , 10 may 1953 ; 1 ♂ , 26 aug 1961 ; 2 ♂ , 10 sep 1948 ; 2 ♂ , 10 oct 1948 , m . o . glenn , reared from
, ( inhs ) . vermilion co : kickapoo state recreation area : 1 ♂ , 13 jun 1991 , em . 14 jun 1991 , t . harrison , leafmine on
, ( inhs ) . kentucky : fayette co : lexington : 1 ♂ , 6–13 oct 1975 , malaise trap , ( usnm ) . maryland : garret co : deep creek . lake state park : 15 ♂ , 12 ♀ , 16 sep 1990 , em . 23 sep – 7 oct 1990 , d . and s . davis , drd 821 , host :
, ( usnm ) . montgomery co : fort washington , vicinity henson creek : 1 ♂ , 19 sep 1990 , em . 13 oct 1993 , d . davis , drd 1376 , host :
l . , ( usnm ) . massachusetts : essex co : beverly : 1 ♂ , 2 / 69 , burgess , ( bmnh ) . michigan : clinton co : t6n - r1w s10 : 3 ♂ , 2 oct 1997 , em . 9–13 oct 1997 , r . j . priest , host :
l . , ( usnm ) . wayne co : detroit : 1 ♂ , 2 ♀ , 20 nov 1995 , t . wallenmeier , ( usnm ) . missouri : boone co : columbia : 1 ♂ , 25 nov 1995 , slide usnm 17047 , 1 ♀ , 14 dec 1969 , w . s . craig , under bark of sycamore , ( usnm ) . new hampshire : cumberland co : hampton : 1 ♀ , 16 feb 1906 , s . a . shaw , ( usnm ) . new jersey : burlingnton co : moorestown : 2 ♂ , 22 aug 1902 , w . d . kearfott , host : locust , ( usnm ) . new york : specific locality unknown : 1 ♀ , lectotype ,
fitch , ( usnm ) . clinton co : peru : 2 ♂ , 2–18 may 1977 , r . weires , caught in pheromone trap , slide usnm 20912 , ( usnm ) . essex co : crown point : 2 ♂ , 4–20 may 1977 , 1 ♂ , 20 may - 17 jun 1977 , r . weires , caught in pheromone trap , slide usnm 20910 , ( usnm ) . livingston co : letchworth state park : 12 ♂ , 8 ♀ , 21–22 jun 1986 , e . r . hoebeke , reared from mines of
, ( cu ) . thompkins co : ithaca : 1 ♂ , 15 feb ; 1 ♂ , 1 ♀ , 8 apr 1945 , renwick , ( cu ) . north carolina : macon co : highlands , 3865’ : 6 ♂ , 5 ♀ , 1–24 aug 1958 , r . w . hodges , ( cu ) ; 11 ♂ , 5 ♀ , 27 jul - 25 aug 1958 , r . w . hodges , ( usnm ) . ohio : hamilton co : cincinnati : 1 ♂ , 29 apr 1905 , 6806 , ( cnc ) ; 1 ♀ , 29 apr 1903 , 7 ♂ , 4 may 1904 , 1 ♂ , 23 july 1903 , 1 ♂ , 1 ♀ , 25–27 sep 1902 , 1 ♂ , 1 ♀ , 30 sep 1911 , slide usnm 97837 , 2 ♀ , 10–22 oct 1903 , 3 ♂ , 15–20 nov 1903 , annette f . braun , ( usnm ) . pennsylvania : specific locality unknown : 1 ♀ , lectotype ,
clemens , ( ansp ) . allegheny co : oak station : 1 ♂ , 1 ♀ , 1 oct 1910 , fred marloff , ( cu ) ; 1 ♀ , 10 apr 1910 , 3 ♂ , 5 ♀ , 3–22 may 1910 , 1 ♀ , 12 jun 1908 , fred marloff , ( usnm ) . erie co : girard : 3 ♂ , 1 ♀ , 9 oct 1920 , reared from black locust , ( cu ) . franklin co : mont alto : 1 ♀ , 5 oct 1971 , reared black locust seedling , slide usnm 17166 , ( usnm ) . indiana co : strongstown : 1 ♀ , 23 sep 1971 , reared black locust seedling , ( usnm ) . monroe co : sciota : 1 ♂ , 21 jul 1965 , t . n . freeman , host :
, 65–27 , ( cnc ) . south carolina : oconee co : cherry hill rec . area , rt . 107 , 2000’ [ 610m ] : 2 ♂ , 1 ♀ , 11 aug 1958 , r . w . hodges , ( cu ) ; 3 ♂ , 11 aug 1958 , r . w . hodges , slide usnm 17017 , ( usnm ) . texas : 1 ♀ , boll , ( usnm ) . virginia : arlington co : rosslyn : 1 ♂ , a . busck , underside mine on hog peanut , ( usnm ) . madison co : shenandoah nat . park , skyline : 3 ♀ , 12 aug 1972 , e . jäckh , host :
, slide usnm 97835 , ( usnm ) . wisconsin : dane co : madison : 1 ♂ , 1 ♀ , 24 aug 1958 , l . j . bayer , host :
thesynonymousnames lithocolletis robiniella clemens and argyromiges pseudacaciella fitch were both published in 1859 . the month of publication for robiniella is clearly indicated as november in the proceedings of the academy of natural sciences of philadelphia for that year . the month of publication for pseudacaciella fitch cannot be determined as precisely . with the assistance of tim mccabe of the new york state museum , we were able to resolve an approximate date of printing for the fifth report of fitch’s report on the noxious , beneficial and other insects of the state of new york ( fitch 1859 ) , but we were not able to determine the actual distribution date . from such dated sections of that report , particularly a “notice “ to the farmers of new york , mccabe deduced that the fifth report most likely was printed in march , 1859 . attempts to locate receivership stamps for this report in various libraries to determine an approximate distribution date have been unsuccessful .
thus , available evidence now suggests that pseudacaciella fitch preceded the publication of robiniella clemens by a few months . because it is known that ( 1 ) riley ( 1891 ) first treated pseudacaciella as a junior synonym of robiniella and no subsequent author has considered it otherwise , and ( 2 ) that the name robiniella has been recognized as the valid name for this taxon in more than 25 publications ( 141 publications using robiniella as the valid name are actually known ) by more than 10 authors , this name must be preserved as the valid name for this taxon in accordance with the provisions of article 23 . 9 . 1 of the international code of zoological nomenclature ( iczn 1999 ) .
neither the type locality nor the number of specimens examined were provided by fitch for argyromiges pseudacaciella . the same is true for the other two species of gracillariidae fitch proposed in 1859 , argyromiges morrisella , and argyromiges uhlerella . because it is believed that most of fitch’s collecting occurred within the vicinity of his “bug house” ( still standing and now a historical site ) in salem , new york , it is likely that the type locality for all three species may be from this general area ( mccabe , in litt . ) .
genitalia , macrosaccus morrisella . 18–19 male . 18 genital capsule , ventral view 19 aedeagus 20–22 female . 20 lateral view 21 detail of signa within corpus bursae 22 segments 7–10 , ventral view .
leafmines of macrosaccus morrisella on amphicarpa bracteata . 41 abaxial tentiform blotch mine 42 detail of abaxial tentiform blotch mine 43 two abaxial blotch mines at leaf base 44 adaxial view of fig . 43 .
lithocolletis morrisella ( fitch ) . - chambers 1871 : 183 . - walsingham 1889 : 52 . - riley 1891 : 109 , no . 5874 . - dyar 1902 [ 1903 ] : 551 , no . 6269 . - braun 1908 : 291 . - meyrick 1912a : 7 ; 1912b : 33 . - braun 1914 : 110 . - mcdunnough 1939 : 95 , no . 9189 .
phyllonorycter morrisella ( fitch ) . - ely 1918 : 58 . - davis 1983 : 10 . - maier and davis 1989 : 15 . - de prins and de prins 2005 : 323 . - de prins and de prins 2011 .
lithocolletis texanella zeller 1875 : 349 . - frey and boll 1878 : 275 . - walsingham 1889 : 52 ( synonym of phyllonorycter morrisella ( fitch ) ) - riley 1891 : 109 , no . 5874 . - dyar 1902 [ 1903 ] : 551 , no . 6269 . - braun 1908 : 291 . - meyrick 1912a : 7 ; 1912b : 33 . - braun 1914 : 110 . - ely 1918 : 59 . - forbes 1923 : 192 . - mcdunnough 1939 : 95 , no . 9189 . - davis 1983 : 10 . - maier and davis 1989 : 15 . - de prins and de prins 2005 : 323 . - de prins and de prins 2011 .
lithocolletis texana ( chambers 1877 : 137 ) [ misspelling ] . - davis 1983 : 10 .
lithocolletis amphicarpeaeella chambers 1877 : 137 . - riley 1891 : 109 , no . 5874 ( synonym of phyllonorycter morrisella ( fitch ) ) - dyar 1902 [ 1903 ] : 551 , no . 6269 . - braun 1908 : 291 . - meyrick 1912a : 7 ; 1912b : 33 . - ely 1918 : 59 . - mcdunnough 1939 : 95 , no . 9189 . - davis 1983 : 10 . - de prins and de prins 2005 : 323 . - de prins and de prins 2011 .
lithocolletis amphicarpaeella riley 1891 : 109 , no . 5874 [ misspelling ] . - braun 1908 : 291 . - davis 1983 : 10 .
the forewing pattern of this species differs from that of macrosaccus robiniella and macrosaccus neomexicanus in possessing a more distinct basal white streak , in having the dorsal strigulae oriented less obliquely , and with the basal white dorsal stigula more pronounced , and from macrosaccus gliricidius by the darker ground colour . the forewing pattern most resembles that of macrosaccus uhlerella but differs in the more pronounced basal white streak which is absent or barely evident in macrosaccus uhlerella . the male genitalia are most similar to that of macrosaccus robiniella , particularly with regard to the more abruptly constricted apical third of the valva . the female genitalia differ from the latter in lacking the minute longitudinally oriented striae and spicules in the walls of the corpus bursae .
thorax : dark brown to fuscous dorsally , sometimes with a coppery to purplish luster ; shiny white ventrally ; tegula dark brown , with white suffusion anteriorly . forewing pattern similar to macrosaccus robiniella except basal two costal strigulae less oblique ; a slender white , slightly oblique streak usually well developed extending distad from tegula at base of wing to sometimes as far as first dorsal strigula ; 3 white dorsal strigulae usually present , but these oriented less obliquely than in macrosaccus robiniella ; basal strigula white , but sometimes obscure ; median strigula connected to second costal strigula to form a narrow white fascia ; black apical spot present as in macrosaccus robiniella ; cilia light grey to white . hindwing , including fringe , uniformly grey . legs similar to macrosaccus robiniella in colour pattern .
abdomen : similar to macrosaccus robiniella , dark fuscous dorsally and white ventrally with greyish suffusion on anterior portion of segments 2–7 laterally and sometimes ventrally on a8 .
, with valva gradually constricting before apex . saccus a long , slender rod ~ 1 . 75× length of valva . aedeagus long and slender , ~ 3 . 0× length of valva , with phallobase slightly more enlarged than in
) : ductus bursae long and slender , nearly equal to length of of elongate corpus bursae . accessory bursae ~ 2 / 3 the length of corpus bursae , arising from near anterior 1 / 3 of ductus bursae . corpus bursae elliptical , with series of small , scattered dentate spicules concentrated over caudal 2 / 3 ; longitudinal folds or striae not evident along walls ; walls of anterior end ( distal 1 / 3 ) of corpus bursae entirely membranous .
) the mine begins as an elongate serpentine track on the under ( abaxial ) side of the leaflet . this enlarges to an elongate - oval , whitish blotch which eventually becomes strongly tentiform (
( bentham ) s . watson ) , new record . the primary host ,
, is a low growing , trifoliate vine which occurs in damp woodlands widely from southern canada and montana to texas and florida .
is a climbing , trifoliate vine which occurs in drier habitats through the central united states from arizona to pennsylvania and florida .
argyromiges morrisella fitch : lectotype ♂ , ( present designation ) : “type ; argyromiges morrisella ft . ; figured by miss a . braun , feb . 1908 ; lectotype ♂ , macrosaccuss morrisella ( fitch ) by d . r . davis . ” ( usnm ) . [ abdomen is missing ] .
lithocolletis texanella zeller : holotype ♂ , “type 1336” ; “dallas , texas” , ( mcz ) . paratype ♂ , “type” , “ lithoc . texanella z . b1 / 77” , “dallas , texas” , “zeller coll . , walsingham collection 1910–427” , “ lithocolletis morrisella fitch” , ( bmnh ) .
lithocolletis amphicarpeaeella chambers : lectotype ♂ , ( present designation ) : “type , 1326” ; “kentucky [ crossed out ] , chambers” ; “ lithocolletis amphicarpeaeella cham . ” ; “lectotype♂ , lithocolletis amphicarpeaeella chambers , by d . r . davis” , ( mcz ) ; paralectotype ♂ , “n j , chambers 1 / 77” “ lith . amphicarpeaeella nr . 3 , syntype , select krt” , ( bmnh ) .
note : in the lower right corner of drawer mi 4423 , a label with the following handwritten text is present : “nb . chambers’ syntypes . the specimens bearing the serial numbers 1–68 , and the specimens of g . hermannella var . lingulacella immediately following , were received by stainton from chambers . the numbers refer to a list made by chambers ; many of the specimens are likely to be syntypes . see stainton foreign correspondence , letters nos . 94 , 97 and 111 ( by chambers ) and stainton’s “translations” of chambers’ awful handwriting , nos . 95 , 99 and 96 respectively ( the letters are out of chronological sequence ) . – krt , 1980” .
) , r . m . white , ( cnc ) . ontario : pt . pelee : 1 ♀ , 10 oct 1967 , t . n . freeman , host : hog ranot 63–46 , ( cnc ) . simcoe : 1 ♂ , 15 sep 1955 , t . n . freeman , host :
cham . , ( mcz ) . connecticut : hartford co : southington : 1 ♂ , 3 sep 1981 , c . t . meier , host :
, leaflet , ( usnm ) . kentucky : 1 ♀ , chamb . , 132 , ( mcz ) . illinois : adams co : quincy : 1 ♀ , 15 feb 1948 ; 2 ♂ , 3 ♀ , 6–20 apr 1947 ; j . p . nielson , ( inhs ) . coles co : fox ridge state park : 1 ♀ , 1 jun 1991 , em . 9 jun 1991 ; 1 ♂ , 1 ♀ , 7 jun 1991 , em . 10 jun 1991 ; 2 ♂ , 3 ♀ , 17 jun 1991 , em . 18–25 jun 1991 ; 14 jul 1991 , em . 15 july 1991 ; 1 ♂ , 2 ♀ , 2 aug 1992 , em . 6–9 aug 1992 , t . harrison , host :


gelechia chionomima is a moth of the gelechiidae family .

it is found in south africa .

the wingspan is about 11 mm .

the forewings are snow-white with a black costal streak from the base to the middle and a hemispherical leaden-grey tornal spot , edged black anteriorly , continued by a narrow irregular brown terminal fascia including a leaden-grey mark to the apex , its edge forming a short acute blackish projection in the disc .

the hindwings are grey-whitish .

gelechia chionomima

this is the place for chionomima definition . you find here chionomima meaning , synonyms of chionomima and images for chionomima copyright 2017 © urltoken
here you will find one or more explanations in english for the word chionomima . also in the bottom left of the page several parts of wikipedia pages related to the word chionomima and , of course , chionomima synonyms and on the right images related to the word chionomima .
gelechia chionomima meyrick , 1929 ; exot . microlep . 3 ( 16 ) : 488 ; tl : natal , weenen
gelechia ochrocorys meyrick , 1936 ; exotic microlep . 5 ( 2 ) : 43
gelechia rescissella zeller , 1852 ; k . vetenskakad . handl . 1852 : 110
gelechia allomima meyrick , 1938 ; inst . parcs nat . congo belge 14 : 12
gelechia wacoella chambers , 1874 ; can . ent . 6 ( 12 ) : 237
gelechia sirotina omelko , 1986 ; proc . zool . inst . leningr . 145 : 107
gelechia albomaculata omelko , 1986 ; proc . zool . inst . leningr . 145 : 93
gelechia capiteochrella chambers , 1875 ; cincinnati q . j . sci . 2 ( 3 ) : 252
gelechia discostrigella chambers , 1875 ; cincinnati q . j . sci . 2 ( 3 ) : 248
gelechia flexurella clemens , 1860 ; proc . acad . nat . sci . philad . 12 : 163
gelechia maculatusella chambers , 1875 ; cincinnati q . j . sci . 2 ( 3 ) : 245
gelechia mimella clemens , 1860 ; proc . acad . nat . sci . philad . 12 : 163
gelechia packardella chambers , 1877 ; bull . u . s . geol . surv . 3 : 143
gelechia palpialbella chambers , 1875 ; cincinnati q . j . sci . 2 ( 3 ) : 253
gelechia ribesella chambers , 1875 ; cincinnati q . j . sci . 2 ( 4 ) : 290
gelechia amorphella chambers , 1877 ; bull . u . s . geol . surv . 3 : 124
gelechia badiomaculella chambers , 1872 ; can . ent . 4 ( 10 ) : 192 ; tl : kentucky
gelechia ( mesogelechia ) teleiodella omelko , 1986 ; proc . zool . inst . leningr . 145 : 105
gelechia unistrigella chambers , 1873 ; can . ent . 5 ( 9 ) : 176 ; tl : kentucky
gelechia anthracopa meyrick , 1922 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 16 ) : 501 ; tl : china , shanghai
gelechia grisseochrella ; lee , hodges & brown , 2009 , zootaxa 2231 : 14 ( ident . uncert . )
gelechia griseella ; lee , hodges & brown , 2009 , zootaxa 2231 : 14 ( ident . uncert . )
gelechia dujardini huemer , 1991 ; nota lepid . 14 : 127 ; tl : yugoslavia , krk i . , punat
gelechia mediterranea huemer , 1991 ; nota lepid . 14 : 125 ; tl : hellas , lakonia , 7km sw monemvasia
gelechia epiphloea meyrick , 1913 ; ann . transv . mus . 3 ( 4 ) : 292 ; tl : barberton
gelechia overhaldensis strand , 1920 ; archiv naturg . 85 a ( 4 ) : 63 ; tl : overhalden , norway
gelechia resecta meyrick , 1913 ; ann . transv . mus . 3 ( 4 ) : 288 ; tl : pretoria
gelechia anarsiella chambers , 1877 ; bull . u . s . geol . surv . 3 : 126 ; tl : edgerton
gelechia arotrias meyrick , 1908 ; proc . zool . soc . lond . 1908 : 725 ; tl : natal , weenen
gelechia grisseochrella chambers , 1875 ; cincinnati q . j . sci . 2 ( 3 ) : 247 ; tl : california
gelechia horiaula meyrick , 1918 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 5 ) : 133 ; tl : nw . india , abbottabad
gelechia thoracestrigella chambers , 1875 ; cincinnati q . j . sci . 2 ( 3 ) : 245 ; tl : california
gelechia discoanulella chambers , 1875 ; cincinnati q . j . sci . 2 ( 3 ) : 254 ; tl : texas
gelechia amorphella ; busck , 1903 , proc . u . s . nat . mus . 25 ( 1304 ) : 891
gelechia rhombelliformis staudinger , 1871 ; berl . ent . z . 14 ( 3 / 4 ) : 303 ; tl : sarepta
gelechia abjunctella walker , 1864 ; list spec . lepid . insects colln br . mus . 29 : 629 ; tl : cape
gelechia albatella walker , 1864 ; list spec . lepid . insects colln br . mus . 29 : 636 ; tl : ceylon
gelechia angustella walker , 1864 ; list spec . lepid . insects colln br . mus . 29 : 637 ; tl : ceylon
gelechia anomorcta meyrick , 1926 ; exot . microlep . 3 ( 9 ) : 277 ; tl : e . siberia , khaborowsk
gelechia desiliens meyrick , 1923 ; exot . microlep . 3 ( 1 - 2 ) : 23 ; tl : california , venice
gelechia fecunda meyrick , 1918 ; ann . transv . mus . 6 ( 2 ) : 17 ; tl : natal , umkomaas
gelechia griseaella ; lee , hodges & brown , 2009 , zootaxa 2231 : 14 ( ident . uncert . , incertae sedis )
gelechia liberata meyrick , 1910 ; ann . s . afr . mus . 5 : 414 ; tl : cape colony , capetown
gelechia marmoratella walker , 1864 ; list spec . lepid . insects colln br . mus . 29 : 646 ; tl : sydney
gelechia pallidegrisseella [ = pallidagriseella ] chambers , 1875 ; can . ent . 7 ( 3 ) : 53 ( emend . )
gelechia suspensa meyrick , 1923 ; exot . microlep . 3 ( 1 - 2 ) : 19 ; tl : brazil , teffé
gelechia tetraleuca meyrick , 1918 ; ann . transv . mus . 6 ( 2 ) : 18 ; tl : zululand , eshowe
gelechia anagramma meyrick , 1921 ; ann . transv . mus . 8 ( 2 ) : 72 ; tl : cape colony , middelburg
clandestina omelko , 1986 ; proc . zool . inst . leningr . 145 : 96 ( preocc . gelechia clandestina meyrick , 1923 )
gelechia junctipunctella caradja , 1920 ; dt . ent . z . iris 34 ( 1 / 2 ) : 100 ; tl : biskra
gelechia omphalopis meyrick , 1926 ; ann . s . afr . mus . 23 : 330 ; tl : sw . africa , otjiwarongo
gelechia veneranda walsingham , 1911 ; biol . centr . - amer . lep . heterocera 4 : 62 ; tl : mexico , sonora
gelechia dyariella busck , 1903 ; proc . u . s . nat . mus . 25 ( 1304 ) : 877 ; tl : colorado
gelechia gammanella walker , 1864 ; list spec . lepid . insects colln br . mus . 29 : 638 ; tl : sarawak , borneo
gelechia lactiflora meyrick , 1921 ; ann . transv . mus . 8 ( 2 ) : 71 ; tl : portuguese east africa , magude
gelechia cuneatella douglas , 1852 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . ( n . s . ) 1 : 242 ; tl : london
gelechia anthochra lower , 1896 ; trans . proc . r . soc . s . austr . 20 : 168 ; tl : rockhampton , queensland
gelechia platydoxa meyrick , 1923 ; exot . microlep . 3 ( 1 - 2 ) : 20 ; tl : french guiana , r . maroni
gelechia versutella zeller , 1873 ; verh . zool . - bot . ges . wien 23 ( abh . ) : 253 ; tl : texas
gelechia adapterella ; busck , 1903 , proc . u . s . nat . mus . 25 ( 1304 ) : 890 ; [ nhm card ]
gelechia dromicella busck , 1910 ; proc . ent . soc . wash . 11 ( 4 ) : 177 ; tl : placer co . , california
gelechia panella busck , 1903 ; proc . u . s . nat . mus . 25 ( 1304 ) : 889 ; tl : arizona ; california
gelechia caudatae clarke , 1934 ; can . ent . 66 : 175 , pl . 9 , f . 3 - 4 ; tl : washington , pullman
gelechia cuneifera walsingham , 1911 ; biol . centr . - amer . lep . heterocera 4 : 64 ; tl : mexico , guerrero , amula , 6000ft
gelechia mandella busck , 1904 ; proc . u . s . nat . mus . 27 ( 1375 ) : 759 ; tl : kaslo , british columbia
gelechia monella busck , 1904 ; proc . u . s . nat . mus . 27 ( 1375 ) : 759 ; tl : kaslo , british columbia
gelechia picrogramma meyrick , 1929 ; exot . microlep . 3 ( 16 ) : 489 ; tl : brazil , teffé ; british guiana , bartica , mallali
gelechia traducella busck , 1914 ; proc . u . s . nat . mus . 47 ( 2043 ) : 12 ; tl : la chorrera , panama
gelechia albomaculata ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , park & bae , 2006 , j . asia - pacif . ent . 9 ( 2 ) : 110
gelechia invenustella berg , 1876 ; bull . soc . imp . nat . moscou 49 ( 4 ) : 240 ; tl : cerro de caballada , rio negro
gelechia teleiodella ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , park & bae , 2006 , j . asia - pacif . ent . 9 ( 2 ) : 110
gelechia flavipalpella walsingham , 1881 ; trans . ent . soc . 1881 ( 2 ) : 262 , pl . 12 , f . 31 ; tl : spring vale
gelechia intermedia braun , 1923 ; proc . calif . acad . sci . ( 4 ) 12 ( 10 ) : 120 ; tl : angeles bay , lower california
gelechia benitella barnes & busck , 1920 ; contr . nat . hist . lepid . n . am . 4 ( 3 ) : 229 ; tl : san benito , texas
gelechia impurgata walsingham , 1911 ; biol . centr . - amer . lep . heterocera 4 : 67 , pl . 2 , f . 23 ; tl : mexico , sonora
gelechia sonorensis walsingham , 1911 ; biol . centr . - amer . lep . heterocera 4 : 69 , pl . 2 , f . 26 ; tl : mexico , sonora
gelechia sestertiella herrich - schäffer , 1854 ; syst . bearb . schmett . europ . 5 ( 65 ) : 186 , ( 58 ) ( ii ) pl . 66 , f . 487
gelechia hetaeria walsingham , 1911 ; biol . centr . - amer . lep . heterocera 4 : 68 , pl . 2 , f . 24 ; tl : mexico , vera cruz , orizaba
gelechia petraea walsingham , 1911 ; biol . centr . - amer . lep . heterocera 4 : 63 , pl . 2 , f . 20 ; tl : guatemala , las mercedes , 3000ft
gelechia adapterella walker , 1864 ; list spec . lepid . insects colln br . mus . 29 : 590 ; tl : st . martin ' s falls , albany river , hudson ' s bay
gelechia discoanulella ; hodges , 1986 , moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 126 ( unrecognized ) ; lee , hodges & brown , 2009 , zootaxa 2231 : 14 ( ident . uncert . )
gelechia versutella ; busck , 1903 , proc . u . s . nat . mus . 25 ( 1304 ) : 878 ; [ nacl ] , # 1966 ; lee , hodges & brown , 2009 , zootaxa 2231 : 15
gelechia albisparsella ; busck , 1903 , proc . u . s . nat . mus . 25 ( 1304 ) : 877 ; [ nacl ] , # 1929 ; [ nhm card ] ; lee , hodges & brown , 2009 , zootaxa 2231 : 13
gelechia anarsiella ; busck , 1903 , proc . u . s . nat . mus . 25 ( 1304 ) : 874 ; [ nacl ] , # 1930 ; [ nhm card ] ; lee , hodges & brown , 2009 , zootaxa 2231 : 14
gelechia bianulella ; busck , 1903 , proc . u . s . nat . mus . 25 ( 1304 ) : 873 ; [ nacl ] , # 1933 ; [ nhm card ] ; lee , hodges & brown , 2009 , zootaxa 2231 : 14
gelechia lynceella ; busck , 1903 , proc . u . s . nat . mus . 25 ( 1304 ) : 879 ; [ nacl ] , # 1946 ; [ nhm card ] ; lee , hodges & brown , 2009 , zootaxa 2231 : 14
gelechia ribesella ; busck , 1903 , proc . u . s . nat . mus . 25 ( 1304 ) : 860 ; [ nacl ] , # 1960 ; [ nhm card ] ; lee , hodges & brown , 2009 , zootaxa 2231 : 14
gelechia rileyella ; busck , 1903 , proc . u . s . nat . mus . 25 ( 1304 ) : 887 ; [ nacl ] , # 1961 ; [ nhm card ] ; lee , hodges & brown , 2009 , zootaxa 2231 : 15
gelechia badiomaculella ; busck , 1903 , proc . u . s . nat . mus . 25 ( 1304 ) : 892 ; [ nacl ] , # 1931 ( ident . uncert . ) ; [ nhm card ] ; lee , hodges & brown , 2009 , zootaxa 2231 : 14
gelechia bistrigella ; busck , 1903 , proc . u . s . nat . mus . 25 ( 1304 ) : 892 ; [ nacl ] , # 1934 ( ident . uncert . ) ; [ nhm card ] ; lee , hodges & brown , 2009 , zootaxa 2231 : 14
gelechia capiteochrella ; busck , 1903 , proc . u . s . nat . mus . 25 ( 1304 ) : 893 ; [ nacl ] , # 1936 ( ident . uncert . ) ; [ nhm card ] ; lee , hodges & brown , 2009 , zootaxa 2231 : 14
gelechia flexurella ; busck , 1903 , proc . u . s . nat . mus . 25 ( 1304 ) : 895 ; [ nacl ] , # 1942 ( ident . uncert . ) ; [ nhm card ] ; lee , hodges & brown , 2009 , zootaxa 2231 : 14
gelechia ocherfuscella ; busck , 1903 , proc . u . s . nat . mus . 25 ( 1304 ) : 899 ; [ nacl ] , # 1954 ( ident . uncert . ) ; [ nhm card ] ; lee , hodges & brown , 2009 , zootaxa 2231 : 14
gelechia wacoella ; busck , 1903 , proc . u . s . nat . mus . 25 ( 1304 ) : 902 ; [ nacl ] , # 1967 ( ident . uncert . ) ; [ nhm card ] ; lee , hodges & brown , 2009 , zootaxa 2231 : 15
gelechia palpialbella ; busck , 1903 , proc . u . s . nat . mus . 25 ( 1304 ) : 899 ; [ nacl ] , # 1957 ( ident . uncert . ) ; lee , hodges & brown , 2009 , zootaxa 2231 : 14 ( ident . uncert . )
gelechia discostrigella ; busck , 1903 , proc . u . s . nat . mus . 25 ( 1304 ) : 894 ; [ nacl ] , # 1939 ( ident . uncert . ) ; [ nhm card ] ; lee , hodges & brown , 2009 , zootaxa 2231 : 14 ( incertae sedis )
gelechia maculatusella ; busck , 1903 , proc . u . s . nat . mus . 25 ( 1304 ) : 897 ; [ nacl ] , # 1947 ( ident . uncert . ) ; [ nhm card ] ; lee , hodges & brown , 2009 , zootaxa 2231 : 14 ( ident . uncert . )
gelechia mimella ; busck , 1903 , proc . u . s . nat . mus . 25 ( 1304 ) : 898 ; [ nacl ] , # 1949 ( ident . uncert . ) ; [ nhm card ] ; lee , hodges & brown , 2009 , zootaxa 2231 : 14 ( ident . uncert . )
gelechia obscurella ; busck , 1903 , proc . u . s . nat . mus . 25 ( 1304 ) : 898 ; [ nacl ] , # 1952 ( ident . uncert . ) ; [ nhm card ] ; lee , hodges & brown , 2009 , zootaxa 2231 : 14 ( ident . uncert . )
gelechia packardella ; busck , 1903 , proc . u . s . nat . mus . 25 ( 1304 ) : 866 ; [ nacl ] , # 1955 ( ident . uncert . ) ; [ nhm card ] ; lee , hodges & brown , 2009 , zootaxa 2231 : 14 ( ident . uncert . )
gelechia pallidagriseella ; busck , 1903 , proc . u . s . nat . mus . 25 ( 1304 ) : 899 ; [ nacl ] , # 1956 ( ident . uncert . ) ; [ nhm card ] ; lee , hodges & brown , 2009 , zootaxa 2231 : 14 ( ident . uncert . )
gelechia thoracestrigella ; busck , 1903 , proc . u . s . nat . mus . 25 ( 1304 ) : 901 ; [ nacl ] , # 1963 ( ident . uncert . ) ; [ nhm card ] ; lee , hodges & brown , 2009 , zootaxa 2231 : 15 ( ident . uncert . )
gelechia unistrigella ; busck , 1903 , proc . u . s . nat . mus . 25 ( 1304 ) : 901 ; [ nacl ] , # 1965 ( ident . uncert . ) ; [ nhm card ] ; lee , hodges & brown , 2009 , zootaxa 2231 : 15 ( ident . uncert . )
neu , ceu , caucasus , transcaucasia , china ( gansu , qinghai , jilin ) , korea . see [ maps ]
larva on prunus spp . , p . spinosa , p . domestica [ me3 ] , 108
morocco , austria , bosnia , seu , asia minor . see [ maps ]
larva on juniperus sabina , j . oxycedrus , j . phoenicea [ me3 ] , 109
tinea sororculella hübner , [ 1817 ] ; samml . eur . schmett . [ 8 ] : pl . 66 , f . 440
larva on salix spp . , s . caprea , s . cinerea , s . aurita , s . viminalis , s . purpurea [ me3 ] , 111
neu , ceu , russia , china ( xinjiang , jilin ) , japan . see [ maps ]
larva on salix ssp . , s . alba , s . caprea [ me3 ] , 113
larva on salix spp . , populus spp . , p . tremula , p . alba , p . nigra , populus canescens [ me3 ] , 117
larva on populus nigra , populus pyramidalis , p . balsamifera , p . laurifolia [ me3 ] , 118
larva on populus nigra , populus pyramidalis , p . balsamifera [ me3 ] , 119
s . finland , austria , poland , schweden , . . . . see [ maps ]
larva on acer campestre , a . platanoides huemer , 1991 , nota lepid . 14 : 124
alpes maritimes , croatia , macedonia , greece , italy , turkey . see [ maps ]
atlanticella ( amsel , 1955 ) ( nothris ) ; bull . inst . sci . nat . belg . 31 ( 83 ) : 59
larva on platanus occidentalis busck , 1903 , proc . u . s . nat . mus . 25 ( 1304 ) : 878
atrofusca omelko , 1986 ; proc . zool . inst . leningr . 145 : 103
depressaria bistrigella chambers , 1872 ; can . ent . 4 ( 5 ) : 92
clopica meyrick , 1931 ; an . mus . nac . hist . nat . buenos aires 36 : 384
conditor omelko , 1986 ; proc . zool . inst . leningr . 145 : 91
cuspidatella turati , 1934 ; atti soc . ital . sci . nat . 73 : 197
delapsa meyrick , 1931 ; exotic microlep . 4 ( 2 - 4 ) : 60
delodectis meyrick , 1938 ; dt . ent . z . iris 52 : 3
dichomeris dolbyi walsingham , 1911 ; biol . centr . - amer . lep . heterocera 4 : 98 , pl . 3 , f . 22 ; tl : panama , la chorrera
epistolica meyrick , 1931 ; exotic microlep . 4 ( 2 - 4 ) : 59
telphusa exposita meyrick , 1926 ; sarawak mus . j . 3 : 152 ; tl : mt murud , 6500 - 7200ft
farinosa teich , 1899 ; arb . naturfr . ges . riga 42 : 75
phthorimaea frequens meyrick , 1921 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 14 ) : 426 ; tl : queensland , brisbane
fuscooculata omelko , 1986 ; proc . zool . inst . leningr . 145 : 93
goniospila meyrick , 1931 ; an . mus . nac . hist . nat . buenos aires 36 : 385
parasia griseaella chambers , 1872 ; can . ent . 4 ( 5 ) : 88 ; tl : ontario [ ? ]
haifella amsel , 1935 ; mitt . zool . mus . berl . 20 ( 2 ) : 300
teleia hyoscyamella rebel , 1912 ; dt . ent . z . iris 26 ( 1 ) : 89 ; tl : heluan
inconspicua omelko , 1986 ; proc . zool . inst . leningr . 145 : 99
telphusa inferialis meyrick , 1918 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 5 ) : 133 ; tl : bengal , chapra
longipalpella teich , 1899 ; arb . naturfr . ges . riga 42 : 75
telphusa machinata meyrick , 1929 ; exot . microlep . 3 ( 16 ) : 488 ; tl : assam , khasis
psoricoptera melanoptila lower , 1897 ; proc . linn . soc . n . s . w . 22 ( 2 ) : 272 ; tl : broken hill , new south wales
nothris mundata meyrick , 1929 ; exot . microlep . 3 ( 16 ) : 495 ; tl : new mexico , mescalero , 7000ft
notabilis omelko , 1986 ; proc . zool . inst . leningr . 145 : 99
ophiaula meyrick , 1931 ; exotic microlep . 4 ( 2 - 4 ) : 60
telphusa paraula meyrick , 1916 ; exot . microlep . 1 ( 18 ) : 568 ; tl : ceylon , maskeliya and madulsima ; s . india , nilgiris
paroxynta meyrick , 1931 ; exotic microlep . 4 ( 2 - 4 ) : 59
pistaciae filipjev , 1934 ; trav . inst . zool . acad . sci . urrs 2 : 17
praestantella lucas , 1956 ; bull . soc . sci . nat . maroc 35 : 256
repetitrix meyrick , 1931 ; exotic microlep . 4 ( 2 - 4 ) : 60
depressaria rileyella chambers , 1872 ; can . ent . 4 ( 6 ) : 106 ; tl : kentucky
sachalinensis matsumura , 1931 ; 6000 illust . insects japan . - empire : 1083
sattleri piskunov , 1982 ; dokl . akad . nauk . armyan . ssr 74 ( 3 ) : 138
telphusa sematica meyrick , 1913 ; ann . transv . mus . 3 ( 4 ) : 286 ; tl : barberton
stenacma meyrick , 1935 ; exotic microlep . 4 ( 18 - 19 ) : 585
nothris thymiata meyrick , 1929 ; exot . microlep . 3 ( 16 ) : 497 ; tl : arizona , nogales
chelaria trachydyta meyrick , 1920 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 10 ) : 304 ; tl : bombay , dharwar
tribalanota meyrick , 1935 ; mat . microlep . fauna chin . prov . : 67
nothris griseella chambers , 1874 ; can . ent . 6 ( 12 ) : 245 ; tl : texas
[ afromoths ] de prins , j . & de prins , w . , 2013
[ spl ] varis , v . ( ed ) , ahola , m . , albrecht , a . , jalava , j . , kaila , l . , kerppola , s . , kullberg , j . , 1995
sangmi lee , richard brown & sibyl bucheli . gelechioidea - a global framework ;
[ maps ] warning ! the maps are automatically generated from the textual information , and the process does not always produce acceptable result ; see about maps for more info .
expedition of the california academy of sciences to the gulf of california in 1921 . the tineid moths
lepidoptera britannica , sistens digestimen novam lepidopterorum quae in magna britannica reperiunter . . . adjunguntur dissertationes variae ad historiam naturalam spectantes
die schmetterlinge deutschlands und der schweiz . 2 . abteilung , kleinschmetterlinge . 2 . die motten und federmotten
systematische bearbeitung der schmetterlinge von europa , zugleich als text , revision und supplement zu j . hübner ' s sammlung europäischer schmetterlinge , die schaben und federmotten , ( 1847 - ) 1853 - 1855 )
the moths of america north of mexico including greenland . fascicle 7 . 1 . gelechioidea , gelechiidae ( part ) , dichomeridinae
notice sur la chassa des lépidoptéres durant l ' été 1904 dans le district d ' ourjoum , gouv . de viatka [ in russian ]
review .
a list of north american lepidoptera and key to the literature of this order of insects
. by harrison c . dyar , ph . d . , . . .
zerny , 1935 die lepidopterenfauna des grossen atlas in marokko und seiner randgebiete mém . soc . sci . nat . maroc . 42 : 1 - 163 , pl . 1 - 2
if you have corrections , comments or information to add into these pages , just send mail to markku savela keep in mind that the taxonomic information is copied from various sources , and may include many inaccuracies . expert help is welcome .
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to cite this page : myers , p . , r . espinosa , c . s . parr , t . jones , g . s . hammond , and t . a . dewey . 2018 . the animal diversity web ( online ) . accessed at https : / / animaldiversity . org .
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microcolona thymopis is a moth in the elachistidae family .

it was described by meyrick in 1897 .

it is found in australia , where it has been recorded from new south wales .

the wingspan is 6-7 mm .

the forewings are light ochreous , irregularly mixed with darker ochreous and whitish , the margins suffusedly irrorated with black .

there is some black irroration on the fold towards the base and a blackish dorsal spot near the base .

the stigmata is raised , black and partly white-edged .

the first discal before the middle , sometimes followed immediately by a small irregular dark fuscous patch .

the second is small and the plical is found obliquely before the first discal .

there is a patch of blackish suffusion on the costa about two-thirds .

the hindwings are grey .

microcolona thymopis

microcolona thymopis meyrick , 1897 ; proc . linn . soc . n . s . w . 22 ( 2 ) : 375 ; tl : sydney , new south wales
microcolona tumulifera meyrick , 1921 ; zool . meded . leyden 6 : 169 ; tl : java , pekalongan
microcolona emporica meyrick , 1917 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 2 ) : 50 ; tl : ceylon , maskeliya
microcolona porota meyrick , 1917 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 2 ) : 50 ; tl : assam , khasis
microcolona aurantiella ; sinev & park , 1994 , korean j . appl . ent . 33 ( 3 ) : 197
microcolona leucosticta meyrick , 1928 ; exot . microlep . 3 ( 13 ) : 391 ; tl : madras , coonoor
microcolona phalarota meyrick , 1915 ; exot . microlep . 1 ( 11 ) : 335 ; tl : assam , khasis
microcolona spaniospila turner , 1923 ; proc . r . soc . victoria ( n . s . ) 36 : 75
microcolona technographa meyrick , 1928 ; exot . microlep . 3 ( 13 ) : 391 ; tl : bihar , pusa
microcolona pantomima meyrick , 1917 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 2 ) : 51 ; tl : french congo , fort crampel
microcolona aurantiella sinev , 1988 ; vestn . zool . 1988 ( 5 ) : 19 ; tl : primory area , khasan , andreyevka
microcolona omphalias meyrick , 1913 ; ann . transv . mus . 3 ( 4 ) : 309 ; tl : barberton , three sisters
microcolona polygethes turner , 1939 ; pap . proc . r . soc . tasmania 1938 : 81 ; tl : tasmania , tasman peninsula
microcolona eriptila meyrick , 1915 ; exot . microlep . 1 ( 11 ) : 334 ; tl : s . india , shevaroys , 4500ft
microcolona autotypa meyrick , 1922 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 18 ) : 575 ; tl : s . india , palnis , kodaikanal , 7000ft
microcolona citroplecta meyrick , 1917 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 2 ) : 49 ; tl : coorg , dibidi , 3500ft ; bengal , pusa
microcolona cricota meyrick , 1917 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 2 ) : 50 ; tl : coorg , dibidi , 3500ft ; assam , khasis
microcolona pycnitis meyrick , 1915 ; exot . microlep . 1 ( 11 ) : 334 ; tl : ceylon , markeliya and namunukuli ( 6000ft )
microcolona transennata meyrick , 1922 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 18 ) : 575 ; tl : brazil , para , santarem ; peru , jurimaguas
microcolona celaenospila turner , 1916 ; proc . linn . soc . n . s . w . 41 ( 2 ) : 255 ; tl : ebor scrub
microcolona embolopis meyrick , 1897 ; proc . linn . soc . n . s . w . 22 ( 2 ) : 372 ; tl : brisbane , queensland
microcolona leptopis meyrick , 1897 ; proc . linn . soc . n . s . w . 22 ( 2 ) : 374 ; tl : albany , west australia
microcolona limodes meyrick , 1897 ; proc . linn . soc . n . s . w . 22 ( 2 ) : 372 ; tl : christchurch , new zealand
microcolona ponophora meyrick , 1897 ; proc . linn . soc . n . s . w . 22 ( 2 ) : 375 ; tl : sydney , new south wales
microcolona crypsicasis meyrick , 1897 ; proc . linn . soc . n . s . w . 22 ( 2 ) : 373 ; tl : sydney , new south wales ; deloraine , tasmania
microcolona epixutha meyrick , 1897 ; proc . linn . soc . n . s . w . 22 ( 2 ) : 376 ; tl : sydnaey and blackheath ( 3500ft ) , new south wales
microcolona sollennis meyrick , 1897 ; proc . linn . soc . n . s . w . 22 ( 2 ) : 377 ; tl : sydney and blackheath ( 3500ft ) , new south wales
microcolona transennata ; [ nhm card ] ; hodges , 1997 , proc . ent . soc . wash . 99 ( 2 ) : 275 ( list ) ; [ sangmi lee & richard brown ]
microcolona arizela meyrick , 1897 ; proc . linn . soc . n . s . w . 22 ( 2 ) : 378 ; tl : bathurst ( 2000ft ) , new south wales ; hobart , tasmania
microcolona leucochtha meyrick , 1897 ; proc . linn . soc . n . s . w . 22 ( 2 ) : 377 ; tl : sydney , new south wales ; adelaide and port lincoln , south australia
microcolona nodata meyrick , 1897 ; proc . linn . soc . n . s . w . 22 ( 2 ) : 373 ; tl : sydney , new south wales ; deloraine , tasmania ; albany , weswt australia
microcolona trigonospila meyrick , 1897 ; proc . linn . soc . n . s . w . 22 ( 2 ) : 376 ; tl : glen innes ( 3000ft ) , new south wales ; mount macedon , victoria
microcolona characta meyrick , 1897 ; proc . linn . soc . n . s . w . 22 ( 2 ) : 374 ; tl : sydney and blackheat ( 3500ft ) , new south wales ; nelson , new zealand
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curators : konstantin efetov , vasiliy feoktistov , svyatoslav knyazev , evgeny komarov , stan korb , alexander zhakov .
species catalog enables to sort by characteristics such as expansion , flight time , etc . .
elachista toropis meyrick , 1897 ; proc . linn . soc . n . s . w . 22 ( 2 ) : 336 ; tl : albany , west australia
[ afromoths ] de prins , j . & de prins , w . , 2013
sangmi lee , richard brown & sibyl bucheli . gelechioidea - a global framework ;
[ maps ] warning ! the maps are automatically generated from the textual information , and the process does not always produce acceptable result ; see about maps for more info .
phylogeny and classification of the elachistidae s . s . ( lepidoptera , gelechioidea )
new taxa of the blastodacninae moth subfamily ( lepidoptera , momphidae s . l . ) of the ussr [ in russian ]
a third contribution to a knowledge of the lepidopterous fauna of ebor scrub , n . s . w .
turner , 1939 a second revision of the lepidoptera of tasmania pap . proc . r . soc . tasmania 1938 : 57 - 115
if you have corrections , comments or information to add into these pages , just send mail to markku savela keep in mind that the taxonomic information is copied from various sources , and may include many inaccuracies . expert help is welcome .
confused by a class within a class or an order within an order ? please see our brief essay .
to cite this page : myers , p . , r . espinosa , c . s . parr , t . jones , g . s . hammond , and t . a . dewey . 2018 . the animal diversity web ( online ) . accessed at https : / / animaldiversity . org .
disclaimer : the animal diversity web is an educational resource written largely by and for college students . adw doesn ' t cover all species in the world , nor does it include all the latest scientific information about organisms we describe . though we edit our accounts for accuracy , we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts . while adw staff and contributors provide references to books and websites that we believe are reputable , we cannot necessarily endorse the contents of references beyond our control .
this material is based upon work supported by the national science foundation grants drl 0089283 , drl 0628151 , due 0633095 , drl 0918590 , and due 1122742 . additional support has come from the marisla foundation , um college of literature , science , and the arts , museum of zoology , and information and technology services .
the genus is mostly placed in the elachistidae family , but other authors list it as a member of the agonoxenidae or blastodacnidae family .
this article is issued from wikipedia - version of the 3 / 12 / 2016 . the text is available under the creative commons attribution / share alike but additional terms may apply for the media files .
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the painted electric ray or variegated electric ray , diplobatis pictus ( sometimes misspelled picta ) , is a poorly known species of numbfish , family narcinidae , native to the western atlantic ocean from southeastern venezuela to the mouth of the amazon river in brazil .

it is common on soft substrates at a depth of 2 – 120 meters .

painted electric ray

ray massey : the world ' s car bosses are spelling out an electric future . . . but will governments take charge ?
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their debut album
california torpedo
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greek , diploos = twice + greek , batis , - idos = a ray ( raja sp ) ( ref . 45335 )
volkswagen chief executive matthias muller , head of europe’s biggest car maker , said the move to electric was ‘unstoppable’ and it would be launching 80 new electric cars by 2025 .
bmw unveiled its own ‘tesla killer’ , which will become its electric i5 executive saloon .
manufacturers raced to outbid each other over how many of their cars will soon be electric .
the petrol - electric hybrid project 1 hypercar uses a 1 . 6 - litre turbocharged v6 petrol engine , like that in the mercedes - amg’s f1 team’s cars , combined with lithium - ion cell batteries and four electric motors to produce ‘over 986 bhp’ .
raw , organic rock and roll infused with the polished and sophisticated depth of a crew of immaculate song crafting masters has been discovered and put on display on this modernized , but tastefully retro , blast into the creative soul of electric ray and the shockers . there’s only so many ways i can say i love this album so i’ll just say… i love this album !
unthinkable to some purists , even porsche will launch an electric car based on its mission - e prototype by the end of 2018 , with more hybrids to come .
bmw chief executive harald krueger said : ‘by 2025 we will be offering 25 models with an electrified drive system — of which 12 will be pure - electric . ’
scene - stealer and surprise star of the show was a little retro honda hatchback , the urban ev electric car , left , which will go into production in 2019 .
sparks were flying in frankfurt this week as the world’s car bosses spelled out that we’ll all soon be driving electric cars — providing governments build enough power stations to charge them .
those cheeky blighters at coventry - based and export - focused london electric vehicle company parked one of their new electric taxis on the german lawn of mercedes - benz — by painting it beige , the colour of all german taxis , rather than traditional black . shouldn’t prime minister theresa may order some of these for the ministerial fleet to boost brexit trade talks ?
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meanwhile , toyota europe boss dr johan van zyl — whose company started the hybrid revolution with the prius — said 40 per cent of its sales were already electric hybrids and that would rise to half in europe by 2020 .
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justification : this small electric ray occurs in very shallow water in a heavily trawled area where it is taken as bycatch in shrimp fisheries , this species is not utilized ; however it may appear incidentally in markets . a poorly known species , with little information available on this small ( less than 18 cm in total length ) batoid , and information concerning biology , population dynamics and status are generally lacking . due to identification difficulties , this species may be under - recorded and hence more heavily fished than currently thought . despite this lack of information , this species is assessed as vulnerable as a precautionary measure , given that its distribution coincides with that of intensive trawling activity .
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thank you for taking the time to provide feedback on the iucn red list of threatened species website , we are grateful for your input .
common over soft substrates on the continental shelf between 2 to 130 m in depth ( fechhelm and mceachran 1984 ) . the maximum size known for this species is 18 cm tl ( fechhelm and mceachran 1984 ) .
bycatch in shrimp trawls is the main threat to this species , although habitat degradation may also be a problem .
conservation and management strategies should be developed and implemented in order to reduce the impact of shrimp trawl bycatch in this region .
de carvalho , m . r . & mccord , m . e . 2006 .
to make use of this information , please check the < terms of use > .
marine ; demersal ; depth range ? - 91 m ( ref . 13608 ) . tropical
maturity : l m ? range ? - ? cm max length : 13 . 7 cm tl ( female )
dorsal surface light brown , series of darker brown blotches and white and brown spots . irregular rounded dark brown blotches on the outer margins of the pectoral and pelvic fins . dorsal and caudal light brown . caudal fins crossed by two brown bands , near the base and tip . ventral surface white ( ref . 6902 ) .
compagno , l . j . v . , 1999 . checklist of living elasmobranchs . p . 471 - 498 . in w . c . hamlett ( ed . ) sharks , skates , and rays : the biology of elasmobranch fishes . johns hopkins university press , maryland . ( ref . 35766 )
) : 25 . 1 - 28 , mean 27 . 1 ( based on 232 cells ) .
phylogenetic diversity index ( ref . 82805 ) : pd 50 = 0 . 5625 [ uniqueness , from 0 . 5 = low to 2 . 0 = high ] .
bayesian length - weight : a = 0 . 01047 ( 0 . 00386 - 0 . 02839 ) , b = 2 . 87 ( 2 . 64 - 3 . 10 ) , in cm total length , based on lwr estimates for this ( sub ) family - body shape ( ref . 93245 ) .
trophic level ( ref . 69278 ) : 3 . 2 ±0 . 4 se ; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
resilience ( ref . 69278 ) : low , minimum population doubling time 4 . 5 - 14 years ( assuming fecundity < 100 ) .
vulnerability ( ref . 59153 ) : low vulnerability ( 10 of 100 ) .
maggie whitson set
image of diplobatis pictus
as an exemplar on
diplobatis pictus palmer , 1950
.
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bt hikes the cost of holding on to their email address to £7 . 50 a month for former customers
help ! my mother ' s will is being flouted and my stepfather ' s daughters have got everything . what do i do ?
an artist ' s dream inspiration ! home of impressionist painter lucien pissarro goes on sale for £2 . 96m - complete with a studio and blue plaque
stobart tycoon fired again ! ex - chief is voted back in . . . only to be fired a second time as board spat heads to court
the hottest spot north of havana . . . my £705 taxi on the copacabana : tony hetherington investigates
even britain’s three - times f1 champion lewis hamilton got in on the act , unveiling mercedes - benz’s outrageous £2 . 4 million ‘race car for the road’ .
half a million cars will not need an mot next year under new . . .
tired lorry drivers face new £300 on - the - spot fines for . . .
this propels it from rest to 124 mph in under six seconds and on to a top speed of 217 mph .
just 275 examples will be made with a staggering price tag of £2 . 4million . mercedes says all £660 , 000 , 000 - worth has already been promised to buyers
his group , which includes bentley , porsche , audi , skoda , seat , lamborghini and bugatti , promises at least one electrified version of every make of car in the group .
the car giants are taking on elon musk’s tesla , whose innovative vehicles have shaken up the market , with relatively low volumes .
mercedes says the interior is ' f1 for two ' . the steering wheel , cluttered with switches and toggles , certainly looks like the ones used by racers on a sunday afternoon
inspired by the original seventies civic , it nods to the early vw golf and eighties yuppie hit , the peugeot 205 .
honda also confirmed that diesel versions of its best - selling cr - v family suv will no longer be sold in britain and europe , from next year , driving another stake into the heart of that engine .
greenpeace protesters outside the vast show , pictured , had a car diving nose - first into the concourse with a banner saying ‘the oil age is ending’ and urging a switch from petrol and diesel to more environmentally friendly solutions . think they’ve won that argument .
the blingy aerodynamic rear wing has been removed from the new porsche 911 gt3 touring pack to appeal to less extrovert buyers who use it more on the road than the track . in its place , and at no extra cost , is a more discreet pop - up spoiler .
powered by a naturally aspirated 4 - litre flat - six 493 bhp engine , it goes from rest to 62 mph in 3 . 9 seconds , with a top speed of 196mph . it costs from £111 , 802 .
revolt at talktalk after £200m share sell - off ( just below . . .
stobart tycoon fired again ! ex - chief is voted back in . . . . . .
bt hikes the cost of holding on to their email address to . . .
is buying a title for £195 ever worth it ? i ' m lord toby - . . .
am i allowed to give my children £10 , 000 in cash for . . .
auto trader said it would give away a new car every time england scored at the world cup - now it has a bill for £187k ( and counting . . . )
james bond aston martin db5 driven by pierce brosnan in goldeneye to go under the hammer for £1 . 6million
ayrton senna ' s record - breaking 1993 mclaren formula one car sells for €4 . 2million in monaco
room for the kids , ripe for the race track and ready to cross a continent : eight of the best cars that can do it all . . . if money is no object
could a dashcam cut your car insurance by a fifth ? 4 . 5million drivers already have one - and experts say they may soon be as popular as satnav
a £600 , 000 deposit , monthly payments of £26 , 000 and £1 . 8m to pay at the end - how the mega - rich finance the most exclusive supercars
britons might be forced to buy a £5 . 50 permit to drive on the continent
volvo xc60 scoops the 2018 uk car of the year award - but out of the 13 shortlisted motors it ' s not the one that our readers chose . . .
rodent - riddled ferrari 275 gtb and shelby cobra worth £2 . 8 million found untouched for 27 years in a garage that was due to be bulldozed
auto trader said it would give away a new car every time england scored at the world cup - now it has a bill for £156k ( and counting . . . )
back of the net ! auto trader said it would give away a new car every time england scored at the world cup - now it has a bill for £187k ( and counting . . . )
most drivers who appeal against tickets are successful . read how you can beat the traffic wardens
there are easy ways to find the cheapest petrol . and there ' s simple tricks that will help you use less fuel
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sound effects . charging time 5 - 8 hours , drive - 2 hours and more . seatbelt , lighting dashboard , headlights
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