anarsia asymmetrodes is a moth in the gelechiidae family .

it was described by park in 2014 .

it is found in korea , where it has been recorded from the island of baengnyeongdo .

the wingspan is 14 – 15 mm .

the forewings are pale orange – grey , speckled with dark-brown scales .

there are two to three small , dark-brownish marks before and beyond the median costal patch .

the hindwings are uniform greyish .

anarsia asymmetrodes

anarsia asymmetrodes park , 2014 ; ent . res . 44 : 18 ; tl : baengnyeongdo
in the faunistic survey on three islands ( baengnyeongdo , decheongdo , and yeonpyeongdo ) in the northern west sea of the korean peninsula , 37 species of gelechiidae ( gelechioidea ) are recognized . of them , anarsia asymmetrodes�� park , sp . nov . and aristotelia nesiotatos�� park , sp . nov . are described as new to science and stenolechia kodamai�� okada is reported for the first time in korea .
anarsia chiangmaiensis ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 54
anarsia conica ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 54
anarsia lewvanichae ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 55
anarsia melanoplecta ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 55
anarsia procera ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 56
anarsia spatulana ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 56
anarsia eleagnella kuznetsov , 1957 ; zool . zhurn . 36 ( 7 ) : 1096
anarsia ulneongensis park & ponomarenko , 1996 ; korean j . ent . 26 : 343
anarsia callicosma janse , 1960 ; moths s . afr . 6 ( 2 ) : 214
anarsia pinnata meyrick , 1931 ; exotic microlep . 4 ( 2 - 4 ) : 69
anarsia pustulata janse , 1949 ; moths s . afr . 5 ( 1 ) : 32
anarsia ulneongensis ; ueda , 2010 , trans . lepid . soc . japan 61 : 275
anarsia amegarta meyrick , 1933 ; exotic microlep . 4 ( 12 ) : 360 ; tl : java
anarsia hippocoma meyrick , 1921 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 14 ) : 429 ; tl : queensland
anarsia sibirica ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 56 ; [ fe ]
anarsia vinsonella viette , 1957 ; mém . inst . sci . madagascar ( e ) 8 : 163
anarsia altercata ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 54
anarsia amegarta ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 54
anarsia eburnella ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 54
anarsia ephippias ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 54
anarsia epotias ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 55
anarsia eutacta meyrick , 1921 ; zool . meded . leyden 6 : 163 ; tl : java , pekalongan
anarsia eutacta ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 55
anarsia geminella ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 55
anarsia halimodendri ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 55
anarsia libanoticella ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 55
anarsia longipalpella rebel , 1907 ; denksch . akad . wiss . wien . 71 ( 2 ) : 124
anarsia melanchropa ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 55
anarsia nuristanella ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 55
anarsia omoptila ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 56
anarsia sthenarota ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 56
anarsia veruta ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 56
anarsia aleurodes meyrick , 1922 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 16 ) : 502 ; tl : mesopotamia , museyib
anarsia altercata meyrick , 1918 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 5 ) : 148 ; tl : bengal , pusa
anarsia crassipalpella legrand , 1966 ; mém . mus . hist . nat . paris ( a ) 37 : 78
anarsia ephippias meyrick , 1908 ; ent . mon . mag . 44 : 197 ; tl : pusa , bengal
anarsia euphorodes meyrick , 1922 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 16 ) : 503 ; tl : china , shanghai
anarsia inserta [ sic , recte incerta ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 55
anarsia luticostella chrétien , 1915 ; ann . soc . ent . fr . 84 : 332 ; tl : biskra
anarsia nigrimacula janse , 1949 ; moths s . afr . 5 ( 1 ) : 29 ; tl : umkomaas
anarsia reciproca meyrick , 1920 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 10 ) : 300 ; tl : madras , coimbatore
anarsia retamella chrétien , 1915 ; ann . soc . ent . fr . 84 : 331 ; tl : gafsa
anarsia sthenarota meyrick , 1926 ; sarawak mus . j . 3 : 153 ; tl : mt murud , 6500ft
anarsia triglypta meyrick , 1933 ; exotic microlep . 4 ( 12 ) : 354 ; tl : pusa , bihar
anarsia veruta meyrick , 1918 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 5 ) : 148 ; tl : bengal , pusa
anarsia didymopa meyrick , 1916 ; exot . microlep . 1 ( 19 ) : 583 ; tl : bengal , pusa
anarsia epotias meyrick , 1916 ; exot . microlep . 1 ( 19 ) : 583 ; tl : bengal , pusa
anarsia idioptila meyrick , 1916 ; exot . microlep . 1 ( 19 ) : 582 ; tl : bengal , pusa
anarsia mitescens meyrick , 1913 ; ann . transv . mus . 3 ( 4 ) : 299 ; tl : barberton
anarsia sagmatica meyrick , 1916 ; exot . microlep . 1 ( 19 ) : 582 ; tl : bengal , pusa
anarsia albibasella janse , 1963 ; moths s . afr . 6 ( 3 ) : 253 ; tl : sw . africa
anarsia amalleuta meyrick , 1913 ; ann . transv . mus . 3 ( 4 ) : 298 ; tl : three sisters
anarsia anthracaula meyrick , 1929 ; exot . microlep . 3 ( 16 ) : 512 ; tl : new hebrides , efate
anarsia beitunica li & zheng , 1997 ; acta zool . hung . 43 ( 2 ) : ( 121 - 132 )
anarsia bimaculata ponomarenko , 1989 ; ent . obozr . 68 ( 3 ) : 635 ; tl : gomotaezhnoe , primorskii krai
anarsia choana park , 1995 ; tropical lepid . 6 ( 1 ) : 61 ; tl : taipei co . , taiwan
anarsia decora li & zheng , 1997 ; acta zool . hung . 43 ( 2 ) : ( 121 - 132 )
anarsia elongata park , 1995 ; tropical lepid . 6 ( 1 ) : 64 ; tl : taichung co . , taiwan
anarsia eximia li & zheng , 1997 ; acta zool . hung . 43 ( 2 ) : ( 121 - 132 )
anarsia largimacularis li & zheng , 1997 ; acta zool . hung . 43 ( 2 ) : ( 121 - 132 )
anarsia magnibimaculata li & zheng , 1997 ; acta zool . hung . 43 ( 2 ) : ( 121 - 132 )
anarsia melanchropa meyrick , 1926 ; exot . microlep . 3 ( 9 ) : 281 ; tl : india , dehra dun
anarsia novitricornis li & zheng , 1997 ; acta zool . hung . 43 ( 2 ) : ( 121 - 132 )
anarsia omoptila meyrick , 1918 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 5 ) : 147 ; tl : s . india , coimbatore
anarsia sibirica park & ponomarenko , 1996 ; acta zool . hung . 42 ( 1 ) : 78 ; tl : novosibirsk
anarsia squamerecta li & zheng , 1997 ; acta zool . hung . 43 ( 2 ) : ( 121 - 132 )
anarsia balioneura meyrick , 1921 ; ann . transv . mus . 8 ( 2 ) : 79 ; tl : rhodesia , umtali
anarsia eburnella christoph , 1887 ; in romanoff , mém . lépid . 3 : 122 , pl . 5 , f . 14
anarsia libanoticella amsel , 1967 ; beitr . naturk . forsch . südwdtl . 26 ( 3 ) : 21 ; tl : lebanon
anarsia sciotona meyrick , 1927 ; exot . microlep . 3 ( 12 ) : 353 ; tl : cape colony , east london
anarsia spartiella ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 56 ; [ fe ]
anarsia spicata meyrick , 1918 ; ann . transv . mus . 6 ( 2 ) : 21 ; tl : transvaal , pretoria
anarsia subfulvescens meyrick , 1918 ; ann . transv . mus . 6 ( 2 ) : 21 ; tl : natal , umkomaas
anarsia acaciae walsingham , 1896 ; proc . zool . soc . lond . 1896 : 278 ; tl : sw . arabia , aden
anarsia anisodonta diakonoff , 1954 ; verh . k . akad . wet . amst . ( 2 ) 50 ( 1 ) : 14
anarsia arachniota meyrick , 1925 ; bull . soc . ent . egypte 9 ( 1 - 3 ) : 210 ; tl : egypt
anarsia carbonaria meyrick , 1913 ; ann . transv . mus . 3 ( 4 ) : 299 ; tl : barberton , waterval onder
anarsia chaonella park , 1995 ; tropical lepid . 6 ( 1 ) : 61 ; tl : taiwan , tapei co . , taihoku
anarsia incerta ueda , 1997 ; trans . lepid . soc . japan 48 ( 2 ) : 80 ; tl : ryukyus , japan
anarsia permissa meyrick , 1926 ; ann . s . afr . mus . 23 : 331 ; tl : sw . africa , windhoek
anarsia triaenota meyrick , 1913 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 22 ( 1 ) : 169 ; tl : gooty
anarsia citromitra meyrick , 1921 ; ann . transv . mus . 8 ( 2 ) : 80 ; tl : portuguese east africa , magude
anarsia geminella amsel , 1967 ; beitr . naturk . forsch . südwdtl . 26 ( 3 ) : 18 ; tl : herat , afghanistan
anarsia nigricana park , 1991 ; jpn . j . ent . 59 ( 3 ) : 494 ; tl : suweon , gyunggi prov .
anarsia vectaria meyrick , 1918 ; ann . transv . mus . 6 ( 2 ) : 21 ; tl : natal , sarnia ; umkomaas
anarsia aspera park , 1995 ; tropical lepid . 6 ( 1 ) : 57 ; tl : taiwan , orchid is . , 4km sw hungta
anarsia isogona meyrick , 1913 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 22 ( 1 ) : 169 ; tl : nilgiris , 3500ft
anarsia melanoplecta meyrick , 1914 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 22 ( 4 ) : 774 ; tl : pusa , bengal
anarsia pensilis meyrick , 1913 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 22 ( 1 ) : 168 ; tl : maskeliya , ceylon
anarsia sagittaria meyrick , 1914 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 22 ( 4 ) : 774 ; tl : pusa , bengal
anarsia nimbosa meyrick , 1913 ; ann . transv . mus . 3 ( 4 ) : 300 ; tl : three sisters , pretoria , waterval onder
anarsia nimbosa ; meyrick , 1921 , ann . transv . mus . 8 ( 2 ) : 79 ; [ nhm card ] ; [ afromoths ]
anarsia acerata meyrick , 1913 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 22 ( 1 ) : 169 ; tl : n . coorg , 3500ft
anarsia acrotoma meyrick , 1913 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 22 ( 1 ) : 169 ; tl : n . coorg , 3500ft
anarsia lechriosema bradley , 1982 ; j . nat . hist . 16 ( 3 ) : 375 ; tl : norfolk i . , mt bates , 290m
anarsia stylota meyrick , 1913 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 22 ( 1 ) : 168 ; tl : maskeliya and patipola , ceylon
anarsia semnopa meyrick , 1921 ; ann . transv . mus . 8 ( 2 ) : 79 ; tl : rhodesia , umtali ; portuguese east africa , magude
anarsia tortuosella amsel , 1967 ; beitr . naturk . forsch . südwdtl . 26 ( 3 ) : 19 ; tl : chingi , salt range , w pakistan
anarsia psammobia falkovitsh & bidzilya , 2003 ; proc . zool . mus . kiev nat . taras shevchenko univ . 1 ( 1 ) : ( 113 - 147 )
anarsia tricornis meyrick , 1913 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 22 ( 1 ) : 168 ; tl : maskeliya , perdeniya and haldamulla , ceylon
anarsia arsenopa meyrick , 1920 ; in alluaud & jeannel , voyage afr . orientale , ins . lép . 2 : 72 ; tl : british east africa , nairobi forest
anarsia epiula meyrick , 1904 ; proc . linn . soc . n . s . w . 29 ( 2 ) : 418 ; tl : sydney , new south wales
anarsia gajiensis park & ponomarenko , 1996 ; acta zool . hung . 42 ( 1 ) : 75 ; tl : mt gaji - san , gyungnam prov . , korea
anarsia leucophora meyrick , 1904 ; proc . linn . soc . n . s . w . 29 ( 2 ) : 417 ; tl : broken hill , new south wales
anarsia ovula ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 56 ; park & bae , 2018 , zootaxa 4399 ( 2 ) : ( 272 - 280 )
anarsia paraisogona ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 56 ; park & bae , 2018 , zootaxa 4399 ( 2 ) : ( 272 - 280 )
anarsia protensa park , 1995 ; tropical lepid . 6 ( 1 ) : 60 ; tl : taiwan , nantou co . , mei - feng , 30km s tayuling , 2200m
anarsia tortuosa ; ueda , 1997 , trans . lepid . soc . japan 48 ( 2 ) : 90 ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 56
anarsia halimodendri christoph , 1877 ; horae soc . ent . ross . 12 ( 3 ) : 297 , ( 4 ) pl . 8 , f . 69 ; tl : turkmenistan
anarsia inculta walsingham , 1891 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1891 ( 1 ) : 112 , pl . 5 , f . 49 ; tl : bathurst , gambia
anarsia nigricana ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 55 ; bae , lee & park , 2014 , ent . res . 44 : 19 ( list )
anarsia nuristanella amsel , 1967 ; beitr . naturk . forsch . südwdtl . 26 ( 3 ) : 19 , pl . 6 , f . 1 ; tl : nuristan , afghanistan
anarsia silvosa ueda , 1997 ; trans . lepid . soc . japan 48 ( 2 ) : 88 ; tl : japan , honshu , oita pref . , shonai town , shiramiz
anarsia minutella ; sattler , 1976 , bull . br . mus . nat . hist . ( ent . ) 34 ( 2 ) : 140 ( note ) ; [ nhm card ]
anarsia stepposella ponomarenko , 2002 ; far east . ent . 115 : 2 ; tl : russia , tuva republic , 50°44 ' n 93°08 ' e , east tannu ola mts , irbitei , 1000m
anarsia taurella bradley , 1961 ; bull . brit . mus . ( n . h . ) ent . 10 ( 4 ) : 134 , pl . 5 , f . 14 ; tl : guadalcanal , honiara
anarsia ulmarata bradley , 1961 ; bull . brit . mus . ( n . h . ) ent . 10 ( 4 ) : 134 , pl . 5 , f . 15 ; tl : guadalcanal , honiara
anarsia phortica meyrick , 1913 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 22 ( 1 ) : 167 ; tl : maskeliya , kegalle , haldamulla and undugoda , ceylon ; n . coorg ; kuching , borneo
anarsia malagasyella viette , 1968 ; bull . mens . soc . linn . lyon 37 ( 2 ) : 89 ; tl : madagascar , env maroantsetra , forest station farankaraina , route navana , km 16 , 5 , antoroka valley , 100m
anarsia choana ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 54 ; ueda , 2010 , trans . lepid . soc . japan 61 : 272 ; park & bae , 2018 , zootaxa 4399 ( 2 ) : ( 272 - 280 )
anarsia molybdota meyrick , 1904 ; proc . linn . soc . n . s . w . 29 ( 2 ) : 417 ; tl : toowoomba , queensland ; sydney , new south wales ; gisborne , victoria ; carnarvon , perth and york , west australia
anarsia bimaculata ; park , 1991 , jpn . j . ent . 59 ( 3 ) : 496 ; ueda , 1997 , trans . lepid . soc . japan 48 ( 2 ) : 86 ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 54 ; ponomarenko , park & bae , 2006 , j . asia - pacif . ent . 9 ( 2 ) : 113
larva on ( in seed pods ) acacia edgworthii , a . farnesiana walsingham , 1896 , proc . zool . soc . lond . 1896 : 279
ananarsia acerata ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 50
ananarsia acrotoma ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 51
ananarsia aleurodes ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 51
larva on albizzia sp . ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 54
chelaria antisaris meyrick , 1913 ; ann . transv . mus . 3 ( 4 ) : 297 ; tl : barberton
ananarsia arachniota ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 51
ananarsia aspera ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 51
chelaria austerodes meyrick , 1918 ; ann . transv . mus . 6 ( 2 ) : 22 ; tl : transvaal , pretoria
ananarsia belutschistanella amsel , 1959 ; stuttgart . beitr . naturk . 28 : 33 ; tl : baluchistan , iran
ananarsia belutschistanella ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 51
japan , korea , primorye , china ( jilin ) . see [ maps ]
larva on maackia amurensis ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 54
chelaria bipinnata meyrick , 1932 ; exotic microlep . 4 ( 7 ) : 200 ; tl : gifu , japan
ananarsia bipinnata ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 51
larva on elaeagnus multiflora , e . umbellata , acer ginnala , quercus sp . ueda , 1997 , trans . lepid . soc . japan 48 ( 2 ) : 83
nothris centrospila turner , 1919 ; proc . r . soc . qd 31 ( 10 ) : 165 ; tl : qeensland , brisbane
ananarsia didymopa ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 51
romania , s . ukraine , seeu , altai , transcaucasia , turkmenistan , kazakhstan , afghanistan . see [ maps ]
ananarsia eleagnella ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 51
ananarsia elongata ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 51
larva on arachis hypogaea ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 54
chelaria eriozona meyrick , 1921 ; ann . transv . mus . 8 ( 2 ) : 80 ; tl : british s . e . africa , bela vista ; portuguese east africa , magude
ananarsia euphorodes ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 52
ananarsia gajiensis ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 52 ; bae , lee & park , 2014 , ent . res . 44 : 19 ( list )
guiera bradley , 1969 ; bull . ent . res . 59 ( 1 ) : 79
larva on halimodendron eichvaldii ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 55
ananarsia idioptila ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 52
s . india , laos , china ( zhejiang , yunnan ) , taiwan , japan . see [ maps ]
larva on schima sp . ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 52
ceu , seu , asia minor , n . africa , syria , caucasus , transcaucasia , afghanistan , china , india , australia , . . . . see [ maps ]
larva on prunus spp . , p . avium , p . spinosa , p . domestica , p . insititia
larva on prunus spinosa , malus spp . , amerniaca spp . , persica spp . , cerasus spp . , amygdalus spp . , acer tataricum ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 52
nothris minutella turati , 1929 ; boll . lab . zool . portici 23 : 124 , f . 4
larva on glycine max park , 1991 , jpn . j . ent . 59 ( 3 ) : 495
larva on cajanus indicus meyrick , 1918 , exotic microlep . 2 ( 5 ) : 147
s . india , ceylon , laos , thailand , shanghai , taiwan , queensland . see [ maps ]
gelechia patulella walker , 1864 ; list spec . lepid . insects colln br . mus . 29 : 635 ; tl : ceylon
larva on prunus salicina , nephelium sp . ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 52
ananarsia pensilis ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 52
s . india , ceylon , thailand , laos , borneo . see [ maps ]
ananarsia protensa ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 53
larva on elaeagnus pungens ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 53
ananarsia reciproca ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 53
ananarsia sagittaria ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 53
ananarsia sagmatica ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 53
chelaria sciograpta meyrick , 1921 ; ann . transv . mus . 8 ( 2 ) : 80 ; tl : transvaal , pretoria
larva on ( in fruit ) mimusops capensis meyrick , 1927 , exot . microlep . 3 ( 12 ) : 353
seu , ceu , sw . siberia , transbaikalia , libya , asia minor , mongolia . see [ maps ]
larva on sarothamnus scoparius , genista tinctoria , lembotropis nigrans , ulex spp . ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 56
ananarsia stylota ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 53
chelaria tortuosa meyrick , 1913 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 22 ( 1 ) : 165 ; tl : matale , ceylon
ananarsia tortuosella ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 53
ananarsia triaenota ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 53
ananarsia triglypta ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 53
larva on inga dulcis ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 56
[ afromoths ] de prins , j . & de prins , w . , 2013
sangmi lee , richard brown & sibyl bucheli . gelechioidea - a global framework ;
[ maps ] warning ! the maps are automatically generated from the textual information , and the process does not always produce acceptable result ; see about maps for more info .
microlepidoptera from the solomon islands . additional records and descriptions of microlepidoptera collected in the solomon islands by the rennell island expedition 1953 - 54
microlepidoptera of new guinea , results of the third archbold expedition ( american - netherlands indian expedition 1938 - 1939 ) . part iv
voyage de ch . alluaud et r . jeannel en afrique orientale ( 1911 - 1812 ) . résultats scientifique . insectes lépidoptères . 2 . microlepidoptera in alluaud & jeannel ,
in la faune entomologique de i ' ile de lar réunion . lépidoptères ( excepté les tordeuses et les géométrides )
if you have corrections , comments or information to add into these pages , just send mail to markku savela keep in mind that the taxonomic information is copied from various sources , and may include many inaccuracies . expert help is welcome .
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west of the korean peninsula . at the same time , a species of depressariidae ,
localizada en el suroeste de la península de corea . al mismo tiempo se describe una especie de depressariidae ,
. , 2011 ) . in the korean peninsula , 180 species of gelechiidae are known . since
still not been well clarified . it has often been treated as a subfamily of oecophoridae . in korea , 10
, jeju , jeju prov . , 24 - vii - 2014 , gen . slide no . cis - 6572 / park . paratypes : 3
, andeok , seoguipo , jeju prov . , 11 - vi - 2014 ; 1
, same locality , 30 - vi - 2014 , gen . slide no . cis - 6576 / park . types are preserved in the
description : female ( fig . 1 ) . wingspan , 10 . 5 - 11 . 0 mm . head pale orange gray , mixed with
black - tipped scales . basal segment of antenna dark brown to black , flagellum dark brown to black
with light gray rings . second segment of labial palpus ( fig . 2 ) thickened ; furrowed ventrally ,
long as 2nd segment , white with broad blackish bands medially and preapically ; apex white .
tegula and thorax densely covered with blackish scales . hind tibia with hairs above ; blackish at
patch at 3 / 4 of costa ; apex sharply produced ; fringe fuscous ; venation ( fig . 3 ) with r
female genitalia ( figs . 4 , 4a - b ) : abdominal segment viii sclerotized , with nearly straight
lobes . apophyses anteriores thick , about 3 / 4 length of segment vii . ostium bursae heavily
emarginated medially on caudal margin . antrum narrow , longer than apophyses anteriores . ductus
europe and ten species are in korea . only a single species was introduced to north america . the
pair of long coremata laterobasally and broad sternite in the male . it is close to
, seoguipo , jeju prov . , 10 - vii - 2014 , gen . slide no . cis - 6636 / park . paratypes : 6
same data as the holotype , gen . slide no . cis - 6661 / park ; 1
, hannam , seoguipo , jeju prov . , 25 - viii - 2014 ,
hannam , 25 - ix - 2014 ; jeju , jeju prov . , 25 - ix - 2014 . types are
description : male ( figs . 5 , 6 , 7 ) . wingspan , 10 . 5 - 11 . 0 mm . head grayish to yellowish brown
yellowish white annulations more distinct beyond middle . second segment of labial palpus ( figure
apex acute , white . tegula and thorax yellowish brown dorsally . hind tibia dark fuscous on outer
surface , with white scales around mid - spurs . forewing ground color mustard brown , with two
male genitalia ( figs . 8 , 8a - c ) : eighth abdominal tergite viii with anterior margin that is
convex medially on caudal margin , broader toward apex , length about 1 . 5 times of width , bearing
sparsely short setae . gnathos hook - shaped , strongly bent before middle . tegumen broad , relatively
dorsally . transtilla with large , spindle - like laterocaudal process , as long as 1 / 3 of valva . juxta
weakly sclerotized , large latero - caudal process . vinculum weakly sclerotized , band - shaped ; apex
species in the russian far east , two species in china and six species in japan . the genus is
, hoengsung , gangwon prov . , 5 - vii - 2014 , coll . kw lee , gen . slide no . hl -
lower margin of the discal cell medially and below it . the species is easily distinguished by the
female genitalia : signum of this new species ( figs . 12 , 12a ) is transversally elongate , median 1 / 3
description : female ( fig . 9 ) . wingspan , 22 . 0 mm . head clothed with roughly erected dark
brown scales , which are brownish in basal half , then blackish beyond , with whitish apices . scape
segment blackish , orange white in basal half , then dark brown beyond dorsally , with whitish apex .
ventrally . tegumen light yellow clothed with blackish scales . thorax clothed with black scales .
blackish . hindwing grayish white . larva as shown in the figure 10 . male unknown .
female genitalia ( figs . 12 , 12a ) : apophyses anteriores about 2 / 3 length of apophyses
posteriors . ostium bursae u - shaped , sclerotized . ductus bursae as long as corpus bursae ; ductus
seminalis arising from near distal end of ductus bursae . corpus bursae ovate ; signum elongated ,
7 - 9 conical spines respectively in both sides ( fig . 12a ) , whereas the signum of
20 - v - 2014 in hoengsung , gangwon prov . and the adult was emerged on 5 - vii - 2014 . sakamaki
peninsula , without detailed records for the collecting information . however , it is doubtful that
nieukerken , e . j . van , kaila , l . , kitching , i . l . , kristensen , n . p . , lees , d . c . , minet , j . ,
bucheli , s . r . , davis , d . r . , prins , j . de , prins , w . de , epstein , m . e . , genitili - poole , p . ,
karsholt , o . , kawahara , a . y , koster , s . j . c . , kozlov , m . , lafontaine , j . d . , lamas ,
yakovlev , r . v . , zolotuhin , v . v . , & zwick , a . , 2011 . – order lepidoptera linnaeus , 1758 . –
park , k . - t . , kim , m . y . & byun , b . k . , 2014 . – gelechiidae collected from is . ulleung - do in the east sea ,
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the wingspan is 14–15 mm . the forewings are pale orange–grey , speckled with dark - brown scales . there is a short basal blackish streak on the costa and the median costal patch is blackish , large and trapezoidal . there are two to three small , dark - brownish marks before and beyond the median costal patch . the hindwings are uniform greyish .
this article is issued from wikipedia - version of the 8 / 6 / 2016 . the text is available under the creative commons attribution / share alike but additional terms may apply for the media files .
a new genus heppneralis park of lecithoceridae ( lepidoptera : gelechioidea ) from is . sulawesi , indonesia , with descriptions of two new species
lecithoceridae ( lepidoptera : gelechioidea ) of new guinea : part ii . hamatina gen . nov . , with descriptions of four new species
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the plain-backed kingfisher ( actenoides princeps regalis ) is a kingfisher in the subfamily halcyoninae that is endemic to southeastern sulawesi in indonesia .

it is known from two specimens from interior montane forests at an elevation around 2,000 m .

it is likely threatened by ongoing deforestation .

the international ornithologists ' union consider the plain-backed kingfisher as a subspecies of the scaly-breasted kingfisher ( actenoides princeps ) but some taxonomists elevate the taxon to species status .

plain - backed kingfisher

nobody uploaded sound recordings for plain - backed kingfisher ( actenoides regalis ) yet .
collared kingfisher species complex includes torresian kingfisher , islet kingfisher , pacific kingfisher , mariana kingfisher , melanesian kingfisher ( andersen et al . 2015 , clements 2015 ) . more to come
rusty - capped kingfisher is split from guam [ micronesian ] kingfisher ( andersen et al . 2015 , clements et al . 2015 ) . ‘rusty - capped ' kingfisher is the recommended english name , not palau kingfisher ( pratt , comm )
pohnpei kingfisher is split from guam [ micronesian ] kingfisher ( andersen et al . 2015 , clements et al . 2015 )
niau kingfisher is split from mangareva [ tuamoto ] kingfisher ( andersen et al . 2015 , clements et al . 2015 )
pacific kingfisher split from collared kingfisher ( andersen et al . 2015 , clements et al . 2015 ) ; additional proposed splits include fiji (
split from moluccan ( variable ) dwarf kingfisher ( andersen et al . 2013 )
shovel - billed kookaburra ( clytoceyx rex ) , also known as the shovel - billed kingfisher , is a large tree kingfisher . widespread but uncommon througho… | pinteres…
split from moluccan ( variable ) dwarf kingfisher ( andersen et al . 2013 ) .
northern silvery kingfisher split from [ southern ] silvery kingfisher ( collar 2011b , andersen et al . 2013d ) . gender agreement invariable ( h & m 4 : 338 ) .
to moluccan dwarf kingfisher with splits of this species complex ( andersen et al . 2013 )
this newly - split kingfisher is very poorly known but is assumed to have a small population which is undergoing continuing declines as forest loss and fragmentation spreads into higher elevations . it is therefore classified as vulnerable , but further information on its status is urgently required .
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ioc _ names _ file _ plus - 8 . 2g : 8 . 2
the coraciiformes ( sensu stricto ) is the sister group to the monophyletic piciformes ( prum et al . 2015 ) .
af : angola , se dr congo and s tanzania to n botswana , zimbabwe , malawi and mozambique .
. fry et al , 1988 ; fry , 2001 , hockey et al . 2005
s himalayas to indochina , the malay pen . , sumatra , java , borneo and the philippines
new guinea , w papuan islands , d ' entrecasteaux arch . and the louisiade arch .
s malay pen . , sumatra , w sumatra islands , riau arch . , bangka and belitung , java and borneo
bohol , cebu , negros , samar , leyte , calicoan , biliran and siquijor is . ( c and ec philippines )
ofu , olosega and tau is . ( manua is . in american samoa )
vanua levu , taveuni , viti levu , koro , ovalau and ngau is . ( fiji )
follows fry et al , 1992 . but see h & m4 for species status
, separate this clade from alcedo ( moyle et al . 2007 ; fjeldså comm )
nigeria e to w sudan , uganda and kenya , and s to s angola , n namibia and botswana , zimbabwe and south africa .
s malay pen . , borneo , s philippines , sw sulawesi , sula is . , sumatra and java to lombok
sulawesi , moluccas , w papuan islands , new guinea , bismarck arch . and louisiade arch .
monotypic following fry ch , k fry & a harris . 1992 , woodall , 2001 . includes
( king 1997 , rasmussen & anderton 2005 , lim et al . 2010 ) suggest past episodes of secondary contact and introgression . revisit status of
au : w papuan islands , new guinea , aru is . and d ' entrecasteaux arch .
au : new hanover , new ireland and lihir is . ( bismarck arch . )
au : buka and bougainville e to choiseul and santa isabel ( w and c solomons is . )
, now split ( andersen et al . 2013 ) they lack vocal or behavioral differences that would support species status of
au : vellalavella , new georgia and rendova is . ( wc solomons is . )
w papuan islands , w , s and e new guinea , d ' entrecasteaux arch . , and aru is .
w papuan islands , w , s and e new guinea , aru is . , kai is . and d ' entrecasteaux arch .
buka and bougainville east to choiseul , santa isabel and florida is . ( n and nc solomons is . )
ma , sa : nicaragua to n bolivia , se brazil . also w colombia , nw ecuador
hokkaido i . ( n japan ) and s kuril is . ( russia )
hbw alive contains information on descriptive notes , voice , habitat , food and feeding , breeding , movements , status and conservation plus a list of bibliographical references for this species account .
recommended citation birdlife international ( 2018 ) species factsheet : actenoides regalis . downloaded from urltoken on 09 / 07 / 2018 . recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species : birdlife international ( 2018 ) iucn red list for birds . downloaded from urltoken on 09 / 07 / 2018 .
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symbiotic novae are slow irregular eruptive variable stars with very slow nova-like outbursts with an amplitude of between 9 and 11 magnitudes .

the symbiotic nova remains at maximum for one or a few decades , and then declines towards its original luminosity .

variables of this type are double star systems with one red giant , which probably is a mira variable , and one white dwarf , with markedly contrasting spectra and whose proximity and mass characteristics indicate it as a symbiotic star .

the red giant fills its roche lobe so that matter is transferred to the white dwarf and accumulates until a nova-like outburst occurs , caused by ignition of thermonuclear fusion .

the temperature at maximum is estimated to rise up to 200,000 k , similar to the energy source of novae , but dissimilar to the dwarf novae .

the slow luminosity increase would then be simply due to time needed for growth of the ionization front in the outburst .

it is believed that the white dwarf component of a symbiotic nova remains below the chandrasekhar limit , so that it remains a white dwarf after its outburst .

one example of a symbiotic nova is v1016 cygni , whose outburst in 1971 – 2007 clearly indicated a thermonuclear explosion .

other examples are hm sagittae and rr telescopii .

symbiotic nova

alert notice 510 : observations of the symbiotic nova asas j174600 - 2321 . 3
about alert notice 510 : observations of the symbiotic nova asas j174600 - 2321 . 3
ptf 11kx : a type ia supernova with a symbiotic nova progenitor . - pubmed - ncbi
solar luminosity . symbiotic novae remain at such a level for at least one decade . a significant decline in luminosity is observed in the three oldest objects . the total radiation output of a symbiotic nova is of the order of 10
context . ag peg is known as the slowest symbiotic nova , which experienced its nova - like outburst around 1850 . after 165 yr , during june of 2015 , it erupted again showing characteristics of the z and - type outburst .
6825 å line during the outburst , is consistent with the ionisation structure of hot components in symbiotic stars during active phases .
march 5 , 2015 : the aavso is requesting observations of the symbiotic nova candidate asas j174600 - 2321 . 3 during the predicted upcoming eclipse of this system . observers are asked to begin observing immediately ( 2015 march 5 ) , and continue observations through the end of july 2015 . both visual and instrumental observations are encouraged ; the object was at v = 12 . 28 on 2015 february 6 . 764 ( ocn ; s .
erg . this exceeds the energy set free in classical novae . from all eruptive stellar events only supernovae are more energetic than symbiotic novae . for the accreting star the core - mass luminosity relation gives white dwarfs masses in the range 0 . 6 less than m / solar mass less than 1 . 2 . we also find the the white dwarfs in symbiotic nova systems are unlikely to reach the chandrasekhar mass limit . we find that the relative slowness in the intitial brightness increase of symbiotic novae need not necessarily be due to a slow thermonuclear event . in the appropriate environment it can just as well be due to the time needed for the expansion and growth of the ionization front . two of our objects may qualify for that possibility . for deriving the temperature of the ionizing source in a photo - ionized gaseous nebula we suggest a formula of the form t
symbiotic novae occur in double star systems , where mass lost by a red giant is accumulated by wind accretion onto a wite dwarf . when a critical mass has been reached , a nova - like outburst of long duration sets in , the outbursts lasts many dozons of years . we determine the evolution of luminosity and temperature during the outburst . we find slowly increasing temperatures , up to 200 000 k . peak luminosities are in the range l = 10
there is a consensus that type ia supernovae ( sne ia ) arise from the thermonuclear explosion of white dwarf stars that accrete matter from a binary companion . however , direct observation of sn ia progenitors is lacking , and the precise nature of the binary companion remains uncertain . a temporal series of high - resolution optical spectra of the sn ia ptf 11kx reveals a complex circumstellar environment that provides an unprecedentedly detailed view of the progenitor system . multiple shells of circumstellar material are detected , and the sn ejecta are seen to interact with circumstellar material starting 59 days after the explosion . these features are best described by a symbiotic nova progenitor , similar to rs ophiuchi .
there is a consensus that type - ia supernovae ( sne ia ) arise from the thermonuclear explosion of white dwarf stars that accrete matter from a binary companion . however , direct observation of sn ia progenitors is lacking , and the precise nature of the binary companion remains uncertain . a temporal series of high - resolution optical spectra of the sn ia ptf 11kx reveals a complex circumstellar environment that provides an unprecedentedly detailed view of the progenitor system . multiple shells of circumsteller are detected and the sn ejecta are seen to interact with circumstellar material ( csm ) starting 59 days after the explosion . these features are best described by a symbiotic nova progenitor , similar to rs ophiuchi .
the spectrum of rt ser ( nova serpentis 1909 ) was observed in 1979 in the range 6300 å to 6750 å , at a resolution of 0 . 6 å . in addition to the dominant hα line , weak emission lines of [ o i ] λ6363 and he i λ6678 were detected . these lines have radial velocities of 64 , 82 , and 77 km s - 1 , respectively . emitting regions with different physical conditions around rt ser appear to have different radial velocities .
we present a composite light - curve model of the symbiotic nova pu vul ( nova vulpeculae 1979 ) that shows a long - lasted flat optical peak followed by a slow decline . our model light - curve consists of three components of emission , i . e . , an outbursting white dwarf ( wd ) , its m - giant companion , and nebulae . the wd component dominates in the flat peak while the nebulae dominate after the photospheric temperature of the wd rises to log t ( k ) > ~ 4 . 5 , suggesting its wd origin . we analyze the 1980 and 1994 eclipses to be total eclipses of the wd occulted by the pulsating m - giant companion with two sources of the nebular emission ; one is an unocculted nebula of the m - giant ' s cool - wind origin and the other is a partially occulted nebula associated to the wd . we confirmed our theoretical outburst model of pu vul by new observational estimates , that spanned 32 yr , of the temperature and radius . also our eclipse analysis confirmed that the wd photosphere decreased by two orders of magnitude between the 1980 and 1994 eclipses . we obtain the reddening e ( b - v ) ~ 0 . 3 and distance to pu vul d ~ 4 . 7 kpc . we interpret the recent recovery of brightness in terms of eclipse of the hot nebula surrounding the wd , suggesting that hydrogen burning is still going on . to detect supersoft x - rays , we recommend x - ray observations around june 2014 when absorption by neutral hydrogen is minimum .
the iras low - resolution spectra of three recent symbiotic novae are fitted with a dust continuum radiative transfer model . it is found that the dust shells are detached from the photosphere and that the sizes of the inner radii are correlated with times since outburst . an analysis of the iue spectra of hm sge at different epochs suggests that the strength of the 2200 a feature is decreasing with times and the grains responsible for the feature are probably formed in the white dwarf ejecta . a complete accounting of the entire energy budget from radio to x - ray shows that most of the energy is emitted by the cool component in the infrared , and a significant fraction of the flux of the hot component is escaping in the far - ultraviolet . the density - bounded nature of the circumstellar gas nebulae could be the result of a bipolar geometry of the nebulae . unlike classical novae , the optical outburst of symbiotic novae is due to the ionization of the preexisting envelope of the cool component and is not the result of a sudden ejection by the hot component .
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astrophysical journal , part 1 ( issn 0004 - 637x ) , vol . 368 , feb . 10 , 1991 , p . 252 - 260 . research supported by nserc . ( apj homepage )
astronomy and astrophysics ( issn 0004 - 6361 ) , vol . 282 , no . 2 , p . 586 - 604 ( a & a ; homepage )
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1 las cumbres observatory global telescope network , 6740 cortona drive , suite 102 , goleta , ca 93117 , usa .
2 department of physics , university of california , santa barbara , broida hall , mail code 9530 , santa barbara , ca 93106–9530 , usa .
3 department of astronomy , university of california , berkeley , ca 94720–3411 , usa .
4 lawrence berkeley national laboratory , mail stop 50b - 4206 , 1 cyclotron road , berkeley , ca 94720 , usa .
5 department of physics ( astrophysics ) , university of oxford , keble road , oxford ox1 3rh , uk .
6 department of particle physics and astrophysics , weizmann institute of science , rehovot 76100 , israel .
7 kavli institute for theoretical physics , university of california , santa barbara , ca 93106 , usa .
8 university of california observatories , lick observatory , university of california , santa cruz , ca 95064 , usa .
9 mcdonald observatory , university of texas at austin , austin , tx 78712 , usa .
10 racah institute of physics , hebrew university of jerusalem , 91904 , israel .
11 carnegie institution of washington , las campanas observatory , colina el pino , casilla 601 , chile .
12 cahill center for astrophysics , california institute of technology , pasadena , ca 91125 , usa .
13 observatories of the carnegie institution for science , 813 santa barbara street , pasadena , ca 91101 , usa .
14 center for astrophysics and space sciences , university of california san diego , la jolla , ca 92093–0424 , usa .
15 department of physics and astronomy , dartmouth college , hanover , nh , usa .
16 institute for the physics and mathematics of the universe , university of tokyo , 5 - 1 - 5 kashiwanoha , kashiwa - shi , chiba 277 - 8583 , japan .
17 minerva fellow , max planck institute for astrophysics , karl schwarzschild strasse 1 , d - 85741 garching , germany .
18 benoziyo center for astrophysics , weizmann institute of science , rehovot 76100 , israel .
19 university of toronto , 50 st . george street , toronto m5s 3h4 , ontario , canada .
20 department of earth , atmospheric , and planetary sciences , massachusetts institute of technology , cambridge , ma 02139 , usa .
21 school of physics and astronomy , tel - aviv university , tel - aviv 69978 , israel .
science 24 aug 2012 : vol . 337 , issue 6097 , pp . 942 - 945 doi : 10 . 1126 / science . 1219164
las cumbres observatory global telescope network , 6740 cortona drive , suite 102 , goleta , ca 93117 , usa .
department of physics , university of california , santa barbara , broida hall , mail code 9530 , santa barbara , ca 93106–9530 , usa .
department of astronomy , university of california , berkeley , ca 94720–3411 , usa .
lawrence berkeley national laboratory , mail stop 50b - 4206 , 1 cyclotron road , berkeley , ca 94720 , usa .
department of physics ( astrophysics ) , university of oxford , keble road , oxford ox1 3rh , uk .
department of particle physics and astrophysics , weizmann institute of science , rehovot 76100 , israel .
kavli institute for theoretical physics , university of california , santa barbara , ca 93106 , usa .
university of california observatories , lick observatory , university of california , santa cruz , ca 95064 , usa .
mcdonald observatory , university of texas at austin , austin , tx 78712 , usa .
cahill center for astrophysics , california institute of technology , pasadena , ca 91125 , usa .
carnegie institution of washington , las campanas observatory , colina el pino , casilla 601 , chile .
observatories of the carnegie institution for science , 813 santa barbara street , pasadena , ca 91101 , usa .
center for astrophysics and space sciences , university of california san diego , la jolla , ca 92093–0424 , usa .
department of physics and astronomy , dartmouth college , hanover , nh , usa .
institute for the physics and mathematics of the universe , university of tokyo , 5 - 1 - 5 kashiwanoha , kashiwa - shi , chiba 277 - 8583 , japan .
minerva fellow , max planck institute for astrophysics , karl schwarzschild strasse 1 , d - 85741 garching , germany .
benoziyo center for astrophysics , weizmann institute of science , rehovot 76100 , israel .
university of toronto , 50 st . george street , toronto m5s 3h4 , ontario , canada .
department of earth , atmospheric , and planetary sciences , massachusetts institute of technology , cambridge , ma 02139 , usa .
school of physics and astronomy , tel - aviv university , tel - aviv 69978 , israel .
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spectroscopic data imply that a stellar explosion arose from a binary consisting of a white dwarf and a red giant star .
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j . nucl . energy , part c plasma phys . ( 1959 - 1966 )
j . opt . a : pure appl . opt . ( 1999 - 2009 )
j . opt . b : quantum semiclass . opt . ( 1999 - 2005 )
j . phys . c : solid state phys . ( 1968 - 1988 )
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1 astronomical institute , slovak academy of sciences , 059 60 tatranská lomnica , slovakia 2 sternberg astronomical institute , moscow state university , universitetskij pr . , 13 , 119991 moscow , russia 3 astronomical institute , charles university prague , cz - 180 00 praha 8 , v holešovičkách 2 , the czech republic 4 crimean astrophysical observatory , 298409 nauchny , crimea 5 67 rue jacques daviel , 76100 rouen , france 6 fujii kurosaki observatory , 4500 kurosaki , tamashima , kurashiki , 713 - 8126 okayama , japan 7 balmes 2 , 08784 piera , barcelona , spain 8 observatoire de la tourbière , 38690 chabons , france 9 23746 schoolhouse road , manhattan , il 60442 , usa 10 1178 mill ridge road , arnprior , on , k7s3g8 , canada 11 21 rue de guémar , 68000 colmar , france 12 chelles observatory , 23 avenue hénin , 77500 chelles , france 13 via dei malatesta 10 , 67100 l’ aquila , italy 14 30 rue de la boulais , 35000 rennes , france 15 west challow observatory , oxfordshire ox12 9tx , uk
aims . the primary objective is to determine basic characteristics , the nature and type of the 2015 outburst of ag peg .
photometry covering the 2015 outburst with a high cadence . optical observations were complemented with the archival hst and fuse spectra from the preceding quiescence .
, being in correlation with the light curve ( lc ) profile . to generate the maximum luminosity by the hydrogen burning , the white dwarf ( wd ) had to accrete at
, which exceeds the stable - burning limit and thus led to blowing optically thick wind from the wd . we determined its mass - loss rate to a few
k , the wind converted a fraction of the wd’s photospheric radiation into the nebular emission that dominated the optical . a one order of magnitude increase of the emission measure , from a few
during the outburst , caused a 2 mag brightening in the lc , which is classified as the z and - type of the outburst .
full table 1 and table 6 are only available at the cds are available at the cds via anonymous ftp to urltoken ( 130 . 79 . 128 . 5 ) or via http : / / urltoken / viz - bin / qcat ? j / a + a / 604 / a48
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editor - in - chief : t . forveille letters editor - in - chief : j . alves managing editor : n . aghanim
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the great blue turaco ( corythaeola cristata ) is a turaco , a group of african near-passerines .

it is the largest species of turaco .

generally , the great blue turaco is 70 – 76 cm ( 28 – 30 in ) in length with a mass of 800 – 1,231 g ( 1.764 – 2.714 lb ) .

in the bandundu province of the democratic republic of the congo , the great blue turaco is actively hunted for meat and feathers .

the blue and yellow tail feathers are prized for making good luck talismans .

in the area of bandundu around the city of kikwit , it is called " kolonvo " .

great blue turaco

the great blue turaco is a bird from the tropical forests of west africa . it feeds on fruit , leaves , and flowers . the great blue turaco has a loud call .
range : the great blue turaco is found in equatorial w africa , from guinea to nigeria , and from the congo basin to kenya and tanzania .
diet : the great blue turaco feeds mainly on fruits from several plants’ species , but it also consumes buds , shoots , leaves and flowers , and some insects .
cites iii : the great blue is not globally threatened , but is subject to deforestation , hunting and natural pest predation .
the great blue turaco is very agile for climbing into the branches , and moves rapidly in trees . they are shy birds and rarely come down to the ground , except to bathe and drink .
70–75 cm ; male 857–949 g , female 822–1231 g . readily identified by large size and predominantly grey - blue or greenish blue and yellow plumage ; crest blue - . . .
voice : sounds by xeno - canto the great blue turaco gives loud series of deep , resonant , guttural “kok - kok - kok” . a bubbling softer trill may sometimes precede this series “prru…prru” . these calls are usually uttered at dawn and dusk .
the great blue turaco maintains its territory all the year , but it frequently moves to find its favoured fruiting trees . it returns to the feeding areas every day . the large fruiting trees may attract several groups . these birds live in social groups of 6 - 20 birds .
behaviour : the great blue turaco feeds primarily on fruits from numerous plants’ species , but it also takes buds , shoots , leaves and flowers , and occasionally some insects . it feeds on leaves all day round , and especially in the evening . the chicks are fed with regurgitated leaves .
flight : the great blue turaco is not a good flier . it performs some soaring glides from a tall tree , ending harshly into the low branches . it climbs again into another tree and descends in the same way . it performs weak and laboured flight when moving to distant fruiting trees .
habitat : the great blue turaco usually frequents the canopy of forest and gallery forest , and also tall trees in secondary growth . it can be found in low humid forest and montane forest , and forest patches in savannahs . it can be seen from sea - level to 2700 metres of elevation .
the largest member of the turaco family , the great blue measures around 70 - 75 cm long and usually weighs between 822 - 1231 grams . within its distribution it inhabits montane rain forests and gallery forests from sea level to around 2700m . it feeds mainly on available fruits within this environment , but the eating of leaves , shoots and flowers have also been noted .
protection / threats / status : the great blue turaco is widespread and appears relatively common throughout its range . however , the species is threatened by deforestation in nigeria . it is hunted in w africa for consumption , and still trapped for trade in some parts of the range . it is able to accept small patches of forest if not persecuted , and currently , this species is not globally threatened .
on the turquoise - blue head , there is a conspicuous blue - black raised crest on forecrown and crown . chin , throat , cheeks and outer eye - ring are greyish . the large convex bill is bright yellow with red tip . the eyes are reddish - brown , surrounded by bare dark turquoise - blue eye - ring . legs and feet are blackish .
turner , d . a . & kirwan , g . m . ( 2018 ) . great blue turaco ( corythaeola cristata ) . in : del hoyo , j . , elliott , a . , sargatal , j . , christie , d . a . & de juana , e . ( eds . ) . handbook of the birds of the world alive . lynx edicions , barcelona . ( retrieved from urltoken on 9 july 2018 ) .
the adult has turquoise - blue upperparts , including wings and tail . the tail is long and wide , and shows a broad , black subterminal band . most birds have narrow blue tips . the outer rectrices are partially edged yellow . the wings lack the crimson primaries of other turacos .
on the underparts , neck and upper breast are turquoise - blue . lower breast and belly are greenish - yellow , as the undertail feathers . the tail has black subterminal band . lower belly , undertail - coverts and tibial feathers are chestnut .
the female usually lays 2 pale blue eggs which are almost spherical . both parents incubate during 29 - 31 days . the chicks are continuously attended by parents at nest during 27 - 29 days . they are fed by both adults , often assisted by a helper . at four weeks of age , the young climb around the nest , and are able to make short flights in the tree at 27 - 33 days . they leave the nest 5 - 6 weeks after hatching , but parents remain with them until they are able to fly better . the young are still fed for up to three months .
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del hoyo , j . , collar , n . j . , christie , d . a . , elliott , a . and fishpool , l . d . c . 2014 . hbw and birdlife international illustrated checklist of the birds of the world . volume 1 : non - passerines . lynx edicions birdlife international , barcelona , spain and cambridge , uk .
justification : this species has an extremely large range , and hence does not approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the range size criterion ( extent of occurrence < 20 , 000 km2 combined with a declining or fluctuating range size , habitat extent / quality , or population size and a small number of locations or severe fragmentation ) . the population trend appears to be stable , and hence the species does not approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the population trend criterion ( > 30 % decline over ten years or three generations ) . the population size has not been quantified , but it is not believed to approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the population size criterion ( < 10 , 000 mature individuals with a continuing decline estimated to be > 10 % in ten years or three generations , or with a specified population structure ) . for these reasons the species is evaluated as least concern .
the global population size has not been quantified , but the species is reported to be the most widespread of all turacos , and seems not uncommon in most of its range ( del hoyo et al . 1997 ) . trend justification : the population is suspected to be stable in the absence of evidence for any declines or substantial threats .
( amended version of 2016 assessment ) . the iucn red list of threatened species 2017 : e . t22688425a111660258 .
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equatorial africa from guinea bissau , guinea , sierra leone , liberia and ivory coast e to nigeria , central african republic , cameroon , equatorial guinea ( including bioko ) , gabon , n angola , congo , drcongo , south sudan , uganda , rwanda , burundi , nw tanzania and w kenya .
main call a deep gobbling resonant trill , comprising drawling “rou - ou” notes , abruptly followed by . . .
lowland , intermediate and montane rain forest , as well as heavy gallery forest ; where not molested . . .
may in nigeria ; feb , may–jul and sept–dec in cameroon ; mar , aug–sept and dec in gabon ; mar–apr and sept in zaire ( . . .
groups of 6–7 birds , occasionally more , maintain territories throughout year ; solitary . . .
not globally threatened . most widespread of all turacos , and seems not uncommon in most of range . locally common in w & s uganda . although adaptable to some extent , and . . .
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l’encyclopedie mondiale des oiseaux - dr christopher m . perrins - bordas - isbn : 2040185607
they often forage in small flocks and several birds often gather at fruiting trees . except during the hottest hours of the day , they start to feed at dawn and throughout the day to the dusk . at the end of the day , each group reaches its usual night perches .
the courtship displays often begin at the onset of the rainy season . we can hear much calling , and the birds chase each other from tree to tree . they perform mutual feeding , raise and lower the crest , and expose the head and bill patterns . they bow and flick the long tail to display the coloured pattern of the rectrices .
as other turacos’ species , they are territorial . they usually remain in family groups , but they also may live in territorial pairs all year round .
both sexes are similar , with female slightly larger than male . the juvenile is duller . it has greyer breast and shorter crest .
reproduction : the breeding season varies according to the range . both adults build a platform with a shallow rim , made with dry sticks . the nest is placed in tall leafy tree , between 8 and 25 metres above the ground , and often over water .
this species has an extremely large range , and hence does not approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the range size criterion ( extent of occurrence < 20 , 000 km2 combined with a declining or fluctuating range size , habitat extent / quality , or population size and a small number of locations or severe fragmentation ) . the population trend appears to be stable , and hence the species does not approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the population trend criterion ( > 30 % decline over ten years or three generations ) . the population size has not been quantified , but it is not believed to approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the population size criterion ( < 10 , 000 mature individuals with a continuing decline estimated to be > 10 % in ten years or three generations , or with a specified population structure ) . for these reasons the species is evaluated as least concern .
recommended citation birdlife international ( 2018 ) species factsheet : corythaeola cristata . downloaded from urltoken on 09 / 07 / 2018 . recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species : birdlife international ( 2018 ) iucn red list for birds . downloaded from urltoken on 09 / 07 / 2018 .
three individuals vocalizing . habitat : garden , swamp , secondary evergreen forest , field .
bird continues calling as it flies away during the recording , then lands and calls a couple more times very distantly .
one of small group gathering towards an early dusk due to increasing hill fog .
two individuals calling from the highest trees . habitat : secondary evergreen forest , field .
two individuals present , but only one is calling . habitat : primary montane forest .
two birds doing a long series of calls from a large tree in a patch of mature secondary within a matrix of agricultural land . the birds were calling back to another pair of corythaeola cristata ( audible in the background ) .
two birds we ' d heard earlier but had stopped singing , they responded to playback and as they sang they would raise their tails and dip or bow .
two birds we ' d heard previously but had stopped calling , they responded to playback and as they sang they would raise their tails and dip or bow , fascinating to watch .
sonogram images © xeno - canto foundation . sonogram images share the same license terms as the recording they depict .
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agnotherium is an extinct genus of large terrestrial carnivores belonging to the suborder caniformia , family amphicyonidae ( " bear dog " ) , and which inhabited eurasia and north africa from the early miocene subepoch to the middle miocene subepoch 16.9 — 11.6 mya , existing for approximately 5.3 million years .

agnotherium

one of the early / mid miocene era bear dogs ,  agnotherium was first discovered in france ,  but later discoveries from morocco revealed that agnotherium ranged across western europe and the eastern portion of north africa at the very least .  agnotherium may have been replaced by the nearby afrocyon which appears after agnotherium disappeared .
agnotherium was originally assigned to thaumastocyonini by ginsburg in 1977 and to amphicyonidae by carroll in 1988 .
name : agnotherium . phonetic : ag - noe - fee - ree - um . named by : kaup  -  1932 .  classification : chordata ,  mammalia ,  carnivora ,  caniformia ,  amphicyonidae ,  amphicyoninae . species : a .  antiquus ,  a .  grivense . diet : carnivore . size : unavailable . known locations : france ,  morocco . time period : late burdigalian to the serravallian of the miocene . fossil representation : few specimens .
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full reference : j . j . kaup . 1833 . description d ' ossements fossiles de mammifères inconnus jusqu ' à - présent . 2 : 1 - 31
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was originally assigned to thaumastocyonini by ginsburg in 1977 and to amphicyonidae by carroll in 1988 .
the first specimen was located in strata zone mn 4 in alsace , france other locations were : en pejouan , midi - pyrenees region ; pontigne . another specimen was discovered in bèni mellal , morocco .
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carnivores , because of their position on the ecological pyramid , are considerably rarer than their prey . they are also often intelligent and solitary animals , so that their chances of dying in a fossilizing environment are not very good . exceptions occur when herbivores are trapped in a situation that can also entrap carnivores . the la brea tar pits in california , the most famous example of such a baited trap , have produced one of the highest numbers of fossil carnivorans found in any single locality . cave sites are also important concentrating localities , as many carnivores use caves and fissures as lairs . mixnitz cave in austria may have contained the remains of nearly 50 , 000 cave bears ( kurtén 1976a ) . outside of such sites fossil carnivorans are rare , and many taxa are known only from dentitions . in spite of these problems , the fossil record of carnivorans is good and provides answers to questions concerning the evolution of adaptation and diversity in carnivores .
these keywords were added by machine and not by the authors . this process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves .
adams , d . b . 1979 . the cheetah : native american . science 205 : 1155–1158 .
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dawson , m . r . , west , r . m . , langston , w . jr . , and hutchison , j . h . 1976 . paleogene terrestrial vertebrates : northernmost occurrence , ellesmere island , canada .
de beaumont , g . 1965 . note sur la région auditive de quelques carnivores .
de beaumont , g . 1969 . observations sur les herpestinae ( viverridae , carnivora ) de l’oligocène supérieur avec quelques remarques sur des hyaenidae du néogène . première partie .
eisenberg , j . , and leyhausen , p . 1972 . the phylogenesis of killing behavior in mammals . z . tierpsychol . 30 : 59–93 .
flynn , j . m . , and galiano , h . 1982 . phylogeny of early tertiary carnivora , with a description of a new species of
, new species from china , with remarks on phylogenetic relationships of genera within the hyaenidae ( mammalia : carnivora ) .
gingerich , p . d . , and winkler , d . a . 1985 . systematics of paleocene viverravidae ( mammalia , carnivora ) in the bighorn basin and clark’s fork basin , wyoming .
glass , g . e . , and martin , l . d . 1978 . a multivariate comparison of some extant and fossil felidae , carnivora .
gregory , w . k . , and hellman , m . 1939 . on the evolution and major classification of civets ( viverridae ) and allied fossil and recent carnivora : a phylogenetic study of the skull and dentition .
harrison , j . a . 1983 . the carnivora of the edson local fauna ( late hemphillian ) , kansas .
hunt , r . m . 1974a . the auditory bulla in carnivora : an anatomical basis for reappraisal of carnivore evolution .
, a cat - like carnivore ( mammalia , amphicyonidae ) from the oligocene of north america .
jourdan ( mammalia : carnivora ) , an aquitanian amphicyonid from the allier basin , france .
hunt , r . m . , xue , x . x . , and kaufman , j . 1983 . miocene burrows of extinct beardogs : indication of early denning behavior of large mammalian carnivores .
kurtén , b . 1963 . notes on some pleistocene mammal migrations from the palearctic to the nearctic .
kurtén , b . 1976b . fossil carnivora from the late tertiary of bled douarah and cherichra , tunisia .
kurtén , b . , and martin , l . d . 1988 . the first appearance of the tremarctine bears . unpublished data .
lillegraven , j . a . 1969 . latest cretaceous mammals of upper part of edmonton formation of alberta , canada , and review of marsupial - placental dichotomy in mammalian evolution .
macfadden , b . j . , and galiano , h . 1981 . late hemphillian cat ( mammalia : felidae ) from the bone valley formation of central florida .
mckenna , m . c . 1975 . fossil mammals and early eocene north atlantic land continuity .
martin , l . d . 1980 . functional morphology and the evolution of cats .
martin , l . d . 1983 . the origin and early radiation of birds . in : a . h . brush & g . a . clark , jr . , eds .
martin , l . d . 1985 . tertiary extinction cycles and the pliocene - pleistocene boundary .
martin , l . d . , and bennett , d . k . 1977 . the burrows of the miocene beaver
martin , l . d . , gilbert , b . m . , and adams , d . b . 1977 . a cheetah - like cat in the north american pleistocene .
martin , l . d . , rogers , r . a . , and neuner , a . m . 1985 . the effect of the end of the pleistocene on man in north america . in : j . i . mead & d . j . meltzer , eds . ,
pp . 15 - 30 . orono , maine : center for the study of early man .
martin , l . d . , and schultz , c . b . 1975 . cenozoic mammals from the central great plains . part 5 , scimitar - toothed cats ,
mitchell , e . d . , and tedford , r . h . 1973 . the enaliarctinae , a new group of extinct aquatic carnivora and a consideration of the origin of the otariidae .
peterson , o . a . 1910 . description of new carnivores from the miocene of western nebraska .
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savage , d . e . , and russell , d . e . 1983 .
schmidt - kittler , n . 1981 zur stammesgeschichte der marderverwandten raubtiergruppen ( musteloidea , carnivora ) .
schultz , c . b . , and martin , l . d . 1970 . machairodont cats from the early pleistocene broadwater and lisco local faunas .
schultz , c . b . , and martin , l . d . 1972 two lynx - like cats from the pliocene and pleistocene .
schultz , c . b . , martin , l . d . , and schultz , m . r . 1985 . a pleistocene jaguar from north - central nebraska .
schultz , c . b . , schultz , m . r . , and martin , l . d . 1970 a new tribe of saber - toothed cats ( barbourofelini ) from the pliocene of north america .
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popular : trivia , history , america , television , tv , usa , geography , world , . . . more
is a member of the extinct family amphicyonidae of terrestrial carnivores belonging to the suborder caniformia , which inhabited eurasia from the early miocene subepoch to the miocene epoch 16 . 9—11 . 1 ma , existing for approximately
pseudarctos was named schlosser in 1899 and was assigned to amphicyonidae by carroll ( 1988 ) . it was the size of a large fox .
afrocyon , amphicyanis , arctamphicyon , brachycyon , cynodictis , drassonax , goupilictis , guangxicyon , haplocyon , haplocyonoides , haplocyonopsis , harpagophagus , ictiocyon , pachycynodon , paradaphoenus , protemnocyon , pseudamphicyon , pseudocyonopsis , sarcocyon , symplectocyon , vishnucyon .
pseudarctos has been uncovered in tung gur china , sandberg , slovakia , and malartic , a la ferme larrieu , france .
is a physically small member of the extinct family of terrestrial carnivores belonging to the suborder caniformia , family amphicyonidae (
bear dog
) , and which inhabited north america from the early oligocene subepoch to the early miocene subepoch living 33 . 9—16 . 3 ma , existing for approximately
paradaphoenus was named by wortman and matthew ( 1899 ) and was assigned to daphoeninae by hunt ( 1998 ) ; and to amphicyonidae by wortman and matthew ( 1899 ) , carroll ( 1988 ) and hunt ( 2001 ) .
a single specimen was measured by legendre and roth in 1988 and estimated mass was 1 . 89 kg ( 4 . 1 lbs ) .
haystack , oregon , banner county , nebraska , dawes county , nebraska , sheep mtn , south dakota .
p . cuspigerus ( synonymous with amphicyon entoptychi ) , p . minimus , p . tooheyi
at the start of the twenty - first century ‘bear dogs’ began making frequent appearances in popular media about extinct mammals ,  particularly predatory ones .  usually the bear dog in question is amphicyon ,  the type species of the amphicyonidae group of mammals ,  which has some of the physically largest attributable remains .  however while amphicyon was the first genus named ,  it was but one of many bear dog genera that are known to have existed .  the bear dogs ,  also known as amphicyonids ,  came in all sizes from across eurasia ,  africa and north america ,  and as a group were one of the most successful kinds of mammals of all time .
are the bear dog amphicyonids bears or dogs ? the short answer is neither .  amphicyonids were similar to primitive dogs in body proportions ,  while having a much heavier build similar to that of a bear .  most ( possibly all ) amphicyonids are also thought to have been plantigrade rather than digitigrade like modern dogs .  for those not familiar with these terms ,  amphicyonids walked with the foot bones flat against the ground ( similar to bears ) so that the full foot is in contact with the ground while in modern dogs the bones are off the ground and serve as an extension to the length of the leg ,  which means that modern dogs essentially walk on their toes .
classification where and how amphicyonids are related to other mammals continues to spark debate amongst palaeontologists which is why the precise answer can vary depending upon which palaeontologists you ask .  the first easy step in locating amphicyonids is to place them within the carnivora ,  a group that contains all of today’s meat eating placental mammals ,  and is thought to have had its origins from small mammals like miacis back in the eocene epoch .  from here amphicyonids are always placed within the caniformia ( dog - like ) group of carnivorans which includes everything that is non - cat - like ( feliformia ) such as dogs ,  bears ,  seals ( pinnipeds )  ,  etc . at their inclusion in the caniformia ,  the classification of amphicyonids becomes muddled depending upon source .  some palaeontologists treat the amphicyonids as belonging to their own group within the caniformia .  however many palaeontologists consider amphicyonids to belong within another subgroup of the caniformia called the arctoidea .  when used ,  this sees amphicyonids treated as being more closely related to bears and more distinct from dogs .  in time it may be possible to establish a more universally distinct classification for the amphicyonidae and how animals within it are related to others of the time .  this would not just be a case of new bear dog discoveries however ,  but remains of other kinds of eocene and oligocene era mammals ,  possibly including types that we do not yet know about .  with mammals of the amphicyonidae being loosely called ‘bear dogs’ ,  they can sometimes be confused with the hemicyonidae which are called ‘dog bears’ .  members of the hemicyonidae ( such as hemicyon ,  the type genus of the group ) are considered to be closely related to bears while displaying canine characteristics .  when these two groups are mentioned in the same context as one another it would be very simple to make a mistake in the order of the words for incorrect information to be passed ,  but this is a good example of why animal groups are given binomial names ( amphicyonidae ,  hemicyonidae ,  etc .  ) so that such confusion can be avoided . sometimes smaller sub groups of amphicyonids are created to help clarify studies .  one example is the haplocyonine bear dogs which usually comprises haplocyon ,   haplocyonoides and haplocyonopsis on the basis of their similarity to one another .  while such terms can help clarify discussion of different genera ,  they may not be in universal use by all researchers and so the genera can also be referred to by their larger groups ( amphicyonine or amphicyonid for example )  .
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