physalis alkekengi ( bladder cherry , chinese lantern , japanese-lantern , strawberry groundcherry , or winter cherry ;) is a relative of p. peruviana ( cape gooseberry ) .

it is easily identifiable by the large , bright orange to red papery covering over its fruit , which resembles paper lanterns .

it grows naturally in the regions covering southern europe to south asia and japan .

it is a perennial herbaceous plant growing to 40 – 60 cm tall , with spirally arranged leaves 6 – 12 cm long and 4 – 9 cm broad .

the flowers are white , with a five-lobed corolla 10 – 15 mm across , with an inflated basal calyx which matures into the papery orange fruit covering , 4 – 5 cm long and broad .

physalis alkekengi

buy chinese lantern physalis alkekengi var . franchetii : £5 . 99 delivery by crocus
antibacterial and anti - inflammatory activities of physalis alkekengi var . franchetii and its main constituents
did you know ? - physalis alkekengi , known as the chinese and . . .
starting from introducing the use value of physalis alkekengi , the cultivation techniques were elaborated . moreover , the plant diseases and insect pests prevention and control measures of physalis alkekengi were discussed .
chemical constituents in the calyx of physalis alkekengi var . franchetii - - 《pharmaceutical and clinical research》2013年04期
male parent . —proprietary selection of physalis alkekengi identified as code name jel03 , not patented .
female parent . —proprietary selection of physalis alkekengi identified as code name jel12 - 17 , not patented .
antimicrobial activity of the extracts and physalin d from physalis alkekengi and evaluation of antioxidant potential of physalin d .
antimicrobial activity of the extracts and physalin d from physalis alkekengi and evaluation of antioxidant potential of physalin d . - pubmed - ncbi
physalin c , a bitter principle of physalis alkekengi var . francheti , was isolated and the structure was established as 7 - deoxyphysalin a .
petunia hybrida , physalis alkekengi , p . heterophylla , p . longifolia , p . peruviana , p . subglabrata , p . virginiana , solanum tuberosum
last spring , i introduced and encouraged you to try planting chinese lantern plants ( physalis alkekengi ) . if you didn’t try it then , try it now !
the present invention relates to a new and distinct cultivar of physalis plant , botanically known as physalis alkekengi , commonly known as winter cherry , chinese lantern or japanese lantern plant and hereinafter referred to by the name ‘prince’ .
image source : physalis fruit / file : physalis . jpg / uchuva / 1 december 2005 / public domain / wikipedia
image source : physalis fruit / file : physalis . jpg / flapdragon / 14 may 2005 / public domain / wikimedia commons
usda - nrcs , 2013 . plants profile for physalis angulata ( cutleaf groundcherry ) . plants profile for physalis angulata . urltoken
plants of the new physalis can be compared to plants of physalis alkekengi ‘king’ , disclosed in u . s . plant pat . no . 22 , 579 . in side - by - side comparisons conducted in boijl , the netherlands , plants of the new physalis differed primarily from plants of ‘king’ in the following characteristics :
disease & pest resistance : plants of the new physalis have not been observed to be resistant to pathogens and pests common to physalis plants .
physalis scientifically known as physalis peruviana is actually a tasty and helpful fruit . phyalis is also known by different name such as aztec berry , barbados
family • solanaceae lobo - lobohan physalis peruviana linn . wild gooseberry mao suan jiang
3 . plants of the new physalis produced larger “lanterns” than plants of ‘king’ .
1 . a new and distinct physalis plant named ‘prince’ as illustrated and described .
the new physalis plant originated from a cross - pollination conducted by the inventor in boijl , the netherlands during the summer of 2009 of a proprietary selection of physalis alkekengi identified as code name jel12 - 17 , not patented , as the female , or seed , parent with a proprietary selection of physalis alkekengi identified as code name jel03 , not patented , as the male , or pollen , parent . the new physalis was discovered and selected by the inventor as a single flowering plant from within the progeny of the stated cross - pollination in a controlled environment in boijl , the netherlands in october , 2010 .
the fruit calyxes of physalis alkekengi l . var . franchetii ( mast . ) makino ( solanaceae ) have been used as a traditional medicine in south east asia for treating urinary problems , asthma , cough , and inflammation [ 1 ] . there have been phytochemical reports on various types of compounds from p . alkekengi var . franchetii , including physalins [ 2–5 ] , flavonoids [ 2…
xifeng peng , qiong wu , chun gao , et al . chemical constituents from the fruit calyx of physalis alkekengi var . francheti [ j ] . journal of chinese pharmaceutical sciences , 2015 , 24 ( 9 ) : 600 - 606 .
1 . plants of the new physalis are larger than plants of the male parent selection .
physalis alkekengi , known as the chinese and japanese lantern plant , is seen as a symbol of ‘life within death . ’ it blooms in the winter and dries up in the spring , revealing the bright red fruit that lives inside its arid petals . source
i love it for its ornamental value when the clothed fruit arrives and changes in colour for months . i had become curious about which solanacea family members ' leaves one could eat . searched the web , of course also pfaf , where i got the information young physalis alkekengi leaves , when cooked , were edible . so i tried it . but , despite i like bitter food , this was far too bitter for my taste and against my will , i had to spit out the thoroughly cooked ( in water with some butter ) young physalis alkekengi leaves . but , my dinner wasn ' t ruined , as i had another saucepan with goji leaves . a true treasure . makes an unbelievably good substitute for spinach , richer than the latter in its medicinal virtues . so , although it were much easier to harvest physalis alkekengi leaves as they are much bigger than goji ( lycium barbarum ) , i ' ll never try physalis alkekengi leaves anymore . but still love its sweet - ' n sour red nature - wrapped fruits .
this name is the accepted name of a species in the genus physalis ( family solanaceae ) .
abbreviations used : epm : extracts of physalis minima , eepm : ethyl acetate extract of physalis minima l . , gsh : glutathione , mras : michael reaction acceptors , qr : quinone reductase .
1 . plants of the new physalis are more compact than plants of the female parent selection .
2 . plants of the new physalis flower more continuously than plants of the female parent selection .
3 . plants of the new physalis produce larger “lanterns” than plants of the male parent selection .
1 . plants of the new physalis were more outwardly spreading and broader than plants of ‘king’ .
hall dw ; vandiver vv ; sellers ba , 1991 . cutleaf ground - cherry , physalis angulata l . cutleaf ground - cherry , physalis angulata l . florida , usa : university of florida .
the name
chinese lantern
has been commonly given because the orange pods which encase the fruits look like chinese lanterns which are paper cases with small candles in them . physalis alkekengi is native to southern europe , southern asia and japan . the
physalis
part of the name means bladder . if you want to buy , online , fully grown plants click here .
ultra - performance liquid chromatographic method analysis of ethyl acetate extract of physalis minima l . conjugated with glutathione
physalis angulata ( cutleaf groundcherry , husk tomato ) ; fruit . georgia , usa . august 2009 .
2 . plants of the new physalis are more freely flowering than plants of the male parent selection .
lu chun - ping , li juan , lu dong - mei ( preventive medical college , norman bethune university of medical sciences , changchun 130021 , china ) ; determination of inorganic elements in the physalis alkekengi l . var [ j ] ; trace elements science ; 2000 - 06
this name record ( from wcsp ( in review ) ) was not included in version 1 of the plant list . it is possible the same name was included from a different data source , to check this you can search for physalis alkekengi in version 1 of the plant list .
ultra - performance liquid chromatographic method analysis of the ethyl acetate extract of physalis minima l . reacted with glutathione
physalis angulata ( cutleaf groundcherry , husk tomato ) ; habit at mokuauia , oahu . february , 2005 .
physalis angulata ( cutleaf groundcherry , husk tomato ) ; fruit capsule . georgia , usa . august 2009 .
asexual reproduction of the new physalis plant by terminal cuttings in boijl , the netherlands since july , 2011 has shown that the unique features of this new physalis plant are stable and reproduced true to type in successive generations .
physalis angulata ( cutleaf groundcherry , husk tomato ) ; foliage and flowers . georgia , usa . august 2009 .
south australia , 2012 . physalis angulata . electronic flora of south australia ( online ) . , australia . urltoken
article by david marks the chinese lantern plant ( physalis alkekengi ) is a hardy , perennial ( grows year after year ) plant when grown in the uk . the season of interest first occurs when the plant produces light green fruit cases in august . these turn to a very attractive deep orange in september .
the fruits of some varieties of genus physalis have been used as delicious fruits and functional food in the northeast of china . for example , the fruit of physalis alkekengi has been used as a nutritious fruit as well as a treatment of aplastic anemia . [ 1 ] and extractor infusions from physalis have also been used in various countries in folk medicine as a treatment for different illnesses , such as spleen disorder , [ 2 ] or as a tonic , diuretic , purgative , [ 3 ] anticancer or anti - mycobacterial agent . [ 4 ]
physalis angulata ( cutleaf groundcherry , husk tomato ) ; flower and fruit . mokuauia , oahu . february , 2005 .
waterfall ut , 1967 . physalis in mexico , central america and the west indies . rhodora , 69 : 216 .
physalis alkekengi var . franchetii ( solanaceae ) is a herb widely used in popular medicine for its antifebrile and detoxification effects and to treat sore throats . in a previous study , we found that 50 - efp can also be used to treat pharyngitis . pathologies causing pharyngitis include a wide range of conditions with two primary underlying causes : inflammation and bacterial infection of pharyngeal mucosa [ 16 – 18 ] . therefore , we investigated whether a key fraction of p . alkekengi extract known as 50 - efp has inherent antibacterial and anti - inflammatory activities .
physalis is a common medicinal herb used by muthuvan tribes living in the shola forest regions against jaundice in kerala , india .
the fruits of some varieties of genus physalis have been used as delicious fruits and functional food in the northeast of china .
physalis angulata ( cutleaf groundcherry , husk tomato ) ; close - up of flower . georgia , usa . august 2009 .
you can devise your own methods for doing this , but you should know that physalis alkekengi are poisonous – and although i have read that when ripe the fleshy sphere is the only part that is not poisonous i still don’t feel the need to eat it when there are perfectly good sources of vitamin c in my local grocery shop .
to reveal the functional material basis , we performed bioactivity - guided phytochemical research and chemopreventive effect assay of the constituents from physalis minima .
menzel my , 1951 . the cytotaxonomy and genetics of physalis . proceedings of the american philosophical society , 95 : 132 - 83 .
temperature tolerance : plants of the new physalis have been observed to tolerate temperatures ranging from about −30° c . to about 35° c .
one new monoterpenoid glycoside ( 1 ) , together with seven known compounds , including two alkaloids ( 2 – 3 ) , three phenylpropanoids ( 4 – 6 ) , and two nucleosides ( 7 – 8 ) were isolated from the calyces of physalis alkekengi var . franchetii . their structures were elucidated by a combination of detailed spectroscopic analyses , chemical methods , and comparison with reported data . these eight compounds were isolated for the first time from the genus physalis . the chemotaxonomic significance of these compounds was summarized .
the new physalis is a product of a planned breeding program conducted by the inventor in boijl , the netherlands . the objective of the breeding program is to create new medium - sized physalis plants with freely and continuous flowering habit that produce large and showy orange - colored “lanterns” .
physalis angulata ( cutleaf groundcherry ) ; habit , in a soybean crop ( glycine max ) . vonitsa region , greece . september , 2010 .
rydberg pa , 1896 . the north american species of physalis and related genera . memoirs of torrey botanical club , 4 : 297 - 374 .
waterfall ut , 1958 . a taxonomic study of the genus physalis in north america north of mexico . rhodora , 58 : 162 - 164 .
2 . leaves of plants of the new physalis were larger , slightly lighter green in color and more lobed than leaves of plants of ‘king’ .
p . alkekengi ( chinese name : jindenglong ) is a perennial herb taxonomically classified in the solanaceae family and found widely throughout china . p . alkekengi fruits , calyces , roots , and whole plants have been used in traditional chinese prescriptions , including clinical use of the fruits and calyces . analysis of ancient medicinal research revealed that p . alkekengi has long been used as a traditional chinese medicine ( tcm ) for a variety of ailments , including sore throat , cough , eczema , hepatitis , urinary problems , and tumors [ 9 ] . in a previous study , our research team identified a p . alkekengi extract fraction ( 50 - efp ) effective for treating pharyngitis . upon further investigation we have determined that the main components of that fraction included physalins and flavones . because other studies have indicated that physalins and flavones have excellent antibacterial and / or anti - inflammatory activity [ 10 – 12 ] , we set out to determine whether 50 - efp also has antibacterial and anti - inflammatory activity .
ismail n ; alam m , 2001 . a novel cytotoxic flavonoid glycoside from physalis angulata . fitoterapia , 72 ( 6 ) : 676 - 679 .
as well as other members of the nightshades . small , round physalis is in fact a stockroom of several health promoting nutrients , minerals and vitamins . some well - known varieties of physalis includes giallo grosso , giant , giant poha berry , golden berry , golden berry , long aston , edulis and many more .
physalis angulata ( cutleaf groundcherry ) ; habit , at high density in a maize crop ( zea mays ) . vonitsa region , greece . august , 2013 .
chiang hc ; jaw sm ; chen cf , 1992 . antitumor agent , physalin f from physalis angulata l . anticancer research , 12 : 837 - 843 .
the accompanying colored photographs illustrate the overall appearance of the new physalis plant showing the colors as true as it is reasonably possible to obtain in colored reproductions of this type . colors in the photographs may differ slightly from the color values cited in the detailed botanical description which accurately describe the colors of the new physalis plant .
a . physalis can be used in an arrangement that will last about a week , or it can be dried and used for a dash of color with your fall decorations . to dry physalis , harvest the calcye or “latern” immediately after it turns red , then hang it upside down in a dark room for several weeks .
whitson , m . 2011 . ( 2016 ) proposal to conserve the name physalis ( solanaceae ) with a conserved type ( taxon ) 60 : 608 - 609 .
uplc fingerprinting of the ethyl acetate extract of physalis minima l . ( eepm ) before and after the combination with gsh ( a : before , b : after )
the calyces of p . alkekengi were collected from maoer mountain in heilongjiang province in 2008 and the original plant was identified by professor zhenyue wang of heilongjiang university of chinese medicine . a voucher specimen ( number 20080602 ) was deposited at the herbarium of heilongjiang university of chinese medicine , china .
research conducted on physalis root along with hepato - renal protecting effects against fibrosis . the chemical composition of the plant root suggested the presence of alkaloids , withanolides and flavonoids . the results suggested safe administration , and improvement of fibrosis disease . research result concludes that the physalis succeeded in protecting the liver and kidney against fibrosis . ( 2 )
bean ar , 2006 . physalis ( solanaceae ) in australia - nomenclature and identification . newsletter of australian systematic botany society ( asbs ) , 127 : 6 - 9 .
the following traits have been repeatedly observed and are determined to be the unique characteristics of ‘prince’ . these characteristics in combination distinguish ‘prince’ as a new and distinct physalis plant :
there are various antioxidant effects of physalis , some of which are derived from the huge amount of vitamin c , also help to eliminate plaque build - up in the cognitive pathways , often caused by free radicals and oxidative stress . physalis has been related to avoiding certain cognitive disorders , such as alzheimer’s disease and dementia . physalis contains 15 . 4 mg vitamin c which is 17 . 11 % of daily recommended value . it can also boost cognitive ability in younger folks , increasing memory , focus , and concentration skills .
sisterson ms ; gould fl , 1999 . the inflated calyx of physalis angulata : a refuge from parasitism for heliothis subflexa . ecology , 80 ( 3 ) : 1071 - 1075 .
better eyesight plays an important role in our life . better eyesight is possible if we consume vitamin a rich foods like physalis , carrots on a regular basis . deficiency of vitamin a may result in trouble seeing in dim light . since physalis is rich in vitamin a , it is good for improving eyesight and avoiding conditions like night blindness from developing as we grow old .
physalis is a widely used for dealing with hepatitis , malaria , rheumatism , cancer , dermatitis and asthma . in this study , the hot water extract and extracts prepared from different concentrations of ethanol from the whole plant were evaluated for antioxidant activities . the research concludes that ethanol extracts of physalis consists of good antioxidant activities , and the highest antioxidant properties were obtained . ( 1 )
since niacin plays a role in increasing blood flow to particular parts , it may also help relieve arthritis pain by boosting blood flow towards painful areas . it helps improve joint flexibility and decrease pain . consume niacin rich foods for this effect , but do not take higher dosages of the vitamin unless suggested by your doctor . physalis is the best source of vitamin b3 ( niacin ) . so including physalis in your regular diet will certainly help you get relief from arthritis pain . a single cup serving of physalis ( 140 g ) has 24 . 50 % of the daily required intake .
pietro rclr ; kashima s ; sato dn ; januário ah ; frança sc , 2000 . in vitro antimycobacterial activities of physalis angulata l . phytomedicine , 7 ( 4 ) : 335 - 338 .
row lr ; sarma ns ; matsuura t ; nakashima r , 1978 . physalins e and h , new physalins from physalis angulata and p . lancifolia . phytochemistry , 17 : 1641 - 1645 .
ganapathi a ; sudhakaran s ; kulothungan s , 1991 . the diploid taxon in indian natural populations of physalis l . and its taxonomic significance . cytologia , 56 ( 2 ) : 283 - 288 .
a new and distinct cultivar of physalis plant named ‘prince’ characterized by its upright and outwardly spreading plant habit ; freely branching habit ; freely and continuous flowering habit ; and large showy orange - colored “lanterns” .
whitson , m . & p . s . manos 2005 . untangling physalis ( solanaceae ) from the physaloids : a two - gene phylogeny of the physalinae syst . bot . 30 : 216 - 230 .
study evaluated the in vitro genotoxicity and in vivo acute and subchronic toxicity of the fruit of physalis peruviana . lyophilized fruit juice does not induce genetic damage . in the male test group , findings suggested cardiac toxicity
choi eunmi ; hwang jaekwan , 2003 . investigations of anti - inflammatory and antinociceptive activities of piper cubeba , physalis angulata and rosa hybrida . journal of ethnopharmacology , 89 ( 1 ) : 171 - 175 .
a . physalis is a perennial plant grown easily from inexpensive seeds . it doesn’t need a lot of attention , grows quickly , attracts few pests and enjoys a variety of uses . it’s a plant of all trades .
gönen o ; yildirim a ; uygur fn , 2000 . a new record for the flora of turkey physalis angulata l . ( solanaceae ) . turkish journal of botany , 24 ( 5 ) : 299 - 301 .
hsieh wentsong ; huang kuanyuh ; lin huiyi ; chung jinggung , 2006 . physalis angulata induced g2 / m phase arrest in human breast cancer cells . food and chemical toxicology , 44 ( 7 ) : 974 - 983 .
shingu k ; yahara s ; okabe h ; nohara t , 1992 . three new withanolides , physagulins e , f and g from physalis angulata l . chemical and pharmaceutical bulletin , 40 ( 9 ) : 2448 - 2451 .
plants of the new physalis have not been observed under all possible environmental conditions and cultural practices . the phenotype may vary somewhat with variations in environmental conditions such as temperature and light intensity without , however , any variance in genotype .
januário ah ; rodrigues filho e ; pietro rclr ; kashima s ; sato dn ; frança sc , 2002 . antimycobacterial physalins from physalis angulata l . ( solanaceae ) . phytotherapy research , 16 ( 5 ) : 445 - 448 .
lin ys ; chiang hc ; kan ws ; hone e ; shih sj ; won mh , 1992 . immunomodulatory activity of various fractions derived from physalis angulata l . extract . american journal clinical medicine , 20 : 233 - 243 .
can you imagine a flower that looks like a paper lantern ? the physalis alkekengi is exactly that . also known as japanese lantern , winter cherry or hozuki , this plant is as delicate looking as it sounds . bright red fruit is covered by a kyoto red papery covering that dries to a translucent white in the spring to reveal the fruit below . though it’s not widely eaten , the winter cherry is known for its medicinal properties . it can be used as a diuretic , antiseptic and sedative in eastern medicine . the winter cherry has small amounts of poison that are not deadly , and can be quite bitter or unpleasant to the taste .
physalis alkekengi l . ( solanaceae ) is a popular plant in traditional european and chinese folk medicine , and it has been reported to have many ethnopharmacological properties including antifungal , anti - cough , anti - inflammatory , analgesic , and febricide activities . some active components from physalis species have been investigated . however , no antimicrobial activity studies on extracts and physalins of p . alkekengi have been carried out . in this study , we attempted to identify the possible antimicrobial activities of the methanol extract from aerial parts of p . alkekengi and the dichloromethane extract from calyces of the plant . the extracts were tested against five gram - positive and five gram - negative bacteria and five candida species by using disk diffusion and broth microdilution methods . the extracts were fractionated to isolate physalins using chromatographic techniques , and physalin d was isolated from the extracts . the structure of the compound was elucidated on the basis of ( 1 ) h - nmr spectroscopic study , and confirmed by comparison with a reference sample and literature data . results indicated that all the extracts and physalin d were characterized by antibacterial action , especially against gram - positive bacteria , with mic values between 32 and 128 microg / ml . the methanol extract had moderate activity against fungi at mics ranging from 128 to 512 microg / ml , but the dichloromethane extract and physalin d had low activity against fungi at mics ranging from 256 to 512 microg / ml . additionally , the antioxidant activity of physalin d was evaluated by qualitative dpph ( 1 , 1 - diphenyl - 2 - picrylhydrazyl ) radical and tba ( thiobarbituric acid ) assays . physalin d showed low antioxidant activity with an ic ( 50 ) value of > or = 10 + / - 2 . 1 .
a . physalis can be planted in either full sun or partial shade . it is best to plant them on the sunniest side of your home but in an area that isn’t exposed to full sun for more than 8 hours a day .
reddy cs ; reddy kn ; bhanja mr ; raju vs , 1999 . on the identity of physalis minima l . ( solanaceae ) in southern india . journal of economic and taxonomic botany , 23 ( 3 ) : 709 - 710 .
the genus name physalis , a greek word , means bladder and refers to the inflated calyx , while the latin species name angulata means angled and refers to the stems or the angled nature of calyx ( hall et al . , 1991 ) .
soares mbp ; bellintani mc ; ribeiro im ; tomassini tcb ; santos rr , 2003 . inhibition of macrophage activation and lipopolysaccaride induced death by seco - steroids purified from physalis angulata l . european journal of pharmacology , 459 : 107 - 112 .
physalis alkekengi is a perennial growing to 0 . 3 m ( 1ft ) by 0 . 6 m ( 2ft in ) at a fast rate . it is hardy to zone ( uk ) 6 and is not frost tender . it is in flower in july . the species is hermaphrodite ( has both male and female organs ) and are pollinated by bees . suitable for : light ( sandy ) , medium ( loamy ) and heavy ( clay ) soils and prefers well - drained soil . suitable ph : acid , neutral and basic ( alkaline ) soils . it can grow in semi - shade ( light woodland ) or no shade . it prefers moist soil .
raju vs ; reddy cs ; rajarao kg , 2007 . the myth of
minima
and
maxima
, the species of physalis in the indian subcontinent . journal of systematics and evolution , 45 ( 2 ) : 239 - 245 . urltoken
row lr ; reddy ks ; sarma ns ; matsuura t ; nakashima r , 1980 . new physalins from physalins angulata and physalis lancifolia , structure and reactions of physalins d , i , g and k . phytochemistry , 19 : 1175 - 1181 .
travlos i , 2012 . invasiveness of cutleaf ground cherry ( physalis angulata l . ) populations and impacts of water and nutrient availability of soil water and nutrient availability . chilean journal of agricultural research , 72 ( 3 ) : 358 - 363 . urltoken
iron can be found on both vegetarian and non - vegetarian foods i . e . heme or non - heme iron . legumes , whole grains , green leafy vegetables , and dry fruits have good iron content which is extremely essential for pregnant women . a pregnant woman requires around 27 mg of iron daily . iron contained in physalis can provide you a supportable boost of iron all through your day . daily consumption of physalis satisfies the daily necessity of iron and exerts an overall protective effect on the body .
tomato , winter cherry . it is closely associated to the tomatillo as well as the chinese lantern , also members of the genus physalis . as it is a member of plant family solanaceae , it is more related to a huge number of edible plants , like
lee hz ; liu wz ; hsieh wt ; tang fy ; chung jg ; leung hwc , 2009 . oxidative stress involvement in physalis angulata - induced apoptosis in human oral cancer cells . food and chemical toxicology , 47 ( 3 ) : 561 - 570 .
because physalis can become invasive , it is best to plant it in a pot or in a garden that’s contained . i recommend buying a large , plain terra cotta pot to place with your other herbs and flowers to give the landscaping texture , height and a punch of color .
bastos gnt ; santos ars ; ferreira vmm ; costa amr ; bispo ci ; silveira aja ; nascimento jlmdo , 2006 . antinociceptive effect of the aqueous extract obtained from roots of physalis angulata l . on mice . journal of ethnopharmacology , 103 ( 2 ) : 241 - 245 .
importantly , the in vitro anti - inflammatory activity of 50 - efp is also manifested in vivo . in both an ear edema model and a cotton pellet granulomatous tissue model , 50 - efp showed a profound ability to reduce acute and chronic inflammatory reactions . these data provide a better understanding of the positive impact of p . alkekengi var . franchetii ( solanaceae ) treatment of pharyngitis and indicate significant potential for the continued development of combined antibacterial / anti - inflammatory therapies based on the 50 - efp extract .
objective : to study the active constituents of physalis alkekengi var . franchetii . methods : the compounds were separated by silica gel and sephadex lh - 20 chromatography method , their structures were identified on the spectral analyses and physical data . results : eleven compounds were isolated and identified as β - sitosterol ( i ) , physalin a ( ii ) , physalin b ( iii ) , physalin o ( iv ) , physalin l ( v ) , physalin m ( vi ) , daucosterol ( vii ) , ombuine ( viii ) , 5 , 4′ , 5′ - trihydroxy - 7 , 3′ - dimethoxy - flavonol ( ix ) , luteolin ( x ) , and luteolin - 7 - o - β - d - glucopyranoside ( xi ) . conclusion : compound ix is a new compound named physaflavonol .
physalis is loaded with viamin b1 ( thiamin ) . this vitamin is liable for the production of acetylcholine , a neurotransmitter which transmits messages towards the muscles and nerves . an insufficiency of vitamin b1 results in a decrease in the neurotransmitter and causes irregular heartbeat . severe deficiency may cause congestive heart failure .
souza mode ; souza clmde ; pelacani cr ; soares m ; mazzei jl ; ribeiro im ; rodrigues cp ; tomassini tcb , 2013 . osmotic priming effects on emergence of physalis angulata and the influence of abiotic stress on physalin content . south african journal of botany , 88 : 191 - 197 .
hsu chiachun ; wu yangchang ; farh l ; du yingchi ; tseng weikung ; wu chauchung ; chang fangrong , 2012 . physalin b from physalis angulata triggers the noxa - related apoptosis pathway of human melanoma a375 cells . food and chemical toxicology , 50 ( 3 / 4 ) : 619 - 624 .
ribeiro im ; silva mtg ; soares rda ; stutz cm ; bozza m ; tomassini tcb , 2002 . physalis angulata l . antineoplastic activity , in vitro , evaluation from it ' s stems and fruit capsules . revista brasileira de farmacognosia ( brazilian journal of pharmacognosy ) , 12 : 2 - 22 .
botany lobo - lobohan is more or less an erect herb , with a more vigorous growth than physalis minima , more upright with less deeply toothed leaves , and with larger flowers . berries are oblong , about 2 centimeters long . seeds are numerous , very small , pale yellow and embedded in juicy pulp .
ge yu , duan yufeng , liu junhua , zhang xin ( food science department of shanxi normal university , xi’an 710062 , p . r . china ) ; comparison of extraction technology of polysaccharide from the hulls of physalis alpepengi var . francheti [ j ] ; journal of northeast forestry university ; 2006 - 05
damu ag ; kuo pingchung ; su chungren ; kuo tsunghsiao ; chen th ; bastow kf ; lee kh ; wu tianshung , 2007 . isolation , structures , and structure - cytotoxic activity relationships of withanolides and physalins from physalis angulata . journal of natural products , 70 ( 7 ) : 1146 - 1152 .
travlos i ; travlos s ; economou g ; lyberopoulou s , 2010 . the weed physalis angulata in western greece . in : proceedings of 16th conference of the greek weed science society , karditsa . 41 pp . [ 16th conference of the greek weed science society , 1 - 2 december , 2010 . ]
santos jaados ; tomassini tcb ; xavier dcd ; ribeiro im ; silva mtgda ; morais filho zbde , 2003 . molluscicidal activity of physalis angulata l . extracts and fractions on biomphalaria tenagophila ( d ' orbigny , 1835 ) under laboratory conditions . memórias do instituto oswaldo cruz , 98 ( 3 ) : 425 - 428 .
mairura fs , 2008 . physalis angulata l . [ online ] record from prota4u . ( ressources vegetales de l ' afrique tropicale . ) prota ( plant resources of tropical africa ) [ ed . by schmelzer , g . \ gurib - fakim , a . ] . wageningen , netherlands : plant resources of tropical africa . urltoken
the identity of physalis angulata l . as a distinct species is now well - established ( nicolson et alet al . , 1988 ; reddy et al . , 1999 ) , although it has been known by several synonyms . two of the more commonly quoted are p . minima and p . lanceifolia , but neither is in current use .
a . chinese lantern plant is herbaceous , which means that parts of the plants are used for both culinary and medicinal purposes . it is a member of the family solanaceae , most commonly known as nightshade plants . nightshade plants also include potatoes , tomatoes and petunias , and share the genus physalis with cape gooseberries ( a very close relative ) .
hseu youcheng ; wu chirei ; chang hsuehwei ; kumar kjs ; lin mingkuem ; chen chihsheng ; cho hsinju ; huang chunyin ; huang chihyang ; lee hongzin ; hsieh wentsong ; chung jinggung ; wang huimin ; yang hsinling , 2011 . inhibitory effects of physalis angulata on tumor metastasis and angiogenesis . journal of ethnopharmacology , 135 ( 3 ) : 762 - 771 . urltoken
the dried calyces of p . alkekengi ( 5 kg ) were extracted with 70 % ethanol ( 20 l ) under reflux conditions for 2 h , for 2 times , to give a residue ( 1 . 4697 kg ) after removal of solvent under reduced pressure . then the extract solution ( suspended in h 2 o ) flowed slowly through ab - 8 macroporous resin chromatographic column ( 10 × 60 cm ) with a flow rate of 2 bv / h . the remaining water extract ( 300 . 2 g ) was fractioned with h 2 o , 50 % ( 104 . 6 g , 50 - efp ) , and 95 % etoh .
physalis ( cape gooseberry ) is native to south america in the high altitude tropical colombia , ecuador , peru and chile where the fruits are found growing wild . it is later grown in central and south america , india , tropical africa , australia , se asia , also in certain parts of east asia and europe , and also has grown naturally in many of these areas .
landscape uses : border , container . succeeds in any well - drained soil in full sun or light shade [ 111 , 200 ] . the fully dormant plant is hardy in most of britain , though the young growth in spring can be damaged by late frosts . a very ornamental plant [ 1 ] though it can be invasive [ 200 ] . the sub - species p . alkekengi francheti . mak . ( sometimes treated as a separate species ) is a more vigorous form of the species with larger fruits [ 200 ] . slugs are very fond of the new growth in spring and can destroy even quite large clumps [ k ] . special features : naturalizing , suitable for dried flowers .
p . angulata is a weed of cropland , gardens and plantations . it is a host of the causal agent of tomato bacterial spot xanthomonas campestris pv . vesicatoria , as well as viruses found in tobacco , potato , okra , capsicum pepper , lucerne , beans and several other crops , physalis mottle virus ( phymv ) , and also several root - knot nematodes ( meloidogyne spp . ) ( mairura , 2008 ) .
glyphosate is considered as a suitable herbicide for the control of p . angulata ( at young growth stages ) , but it is likely to damage surrounding crops or vegetation ( travlos et al . , 2010 ) . p . angulata ( like other physalis species ) is resistant to dinitroalanine herbicides and 2 , 4 - d . however , mesotrione , sulcotrione and nicosulfuron are used and registered in some countries for the control of this plant .
the results showed that the uplc method with gsh as the substrate could be used to detect the mras in extracts of p . minima . isophysalin b ( 1 ) and physordinose b ( 6 ) showed strong qr inducing activity with ir value of 2 . 80 ± 0 . 19 and 2 . 38 ± 0 . 46 . this study generated useful information for consumers and many encourage researchers to utilize edible fruits from physalis as a source of phytochemicals .
a . no . in fact , one of its flaws may be that it’s too easy to grow . the chinese lantern plant , like mint , has rhizomes that spread horizontally , meaning that even if you chop down the plant without dropping any seeds , it might pop up in another part of your garden . that’s why physalis would do best planted in either a contained garden , or in a pot . or even a pot that is buried in the ground , perhaps disguised with some cedar mulch .
physalis is actually a soft - wooded , perennial somewhat vining plant sized two to three ft . ( 1 . 6 - 0 . 9 m ) tall but occasionally may reach 6 ft . ( 1 . 8 ) m . it is found growing in sunny , frost - free location , sheltered from strong winds . it prefers well drained soil but does best on sandy to gravelly loam . good crops can also be obtained on somewhat poor sandy ground . physalis have ribbed , normally purplish , spreading branch covered with fine hairs . leaves are nearly opposite , heart - shaped , velvety , randomly - toothed , pointed , leaves 2 3 / 8 to 6 in ( 6 - 15 cm ) long and 1 1 / 2 to 4 in ( 4 - 10 cm ) wide . flowers are bell - shaped , flowers form in the leaf axils . it is yellow colored along with dark purple - brown spots within the throat , and cupped by purplish - green , hairy calyx and are found blooming from june to august .
the inflated calyx of p . angulata provides the moth heliothis subflexa with a refuge from parasites ( sisterson and gould , 1999 ) . p . angulata is sensitive to many fungal diseases and is a host of the causal agent of tomato bacterial spot xanthomonas campestris pv . vesicatoria . p . angulata hosts viruses found in tobacco , potato , okra , capsicum pepper , beans and several other crops , as well as physalis mottle virus ( phymv ) , and several root - knot nematodes ( meloidogyne spp . ) ( mairura , 2008 ) .
apart from their taste , physalis is a good source of nutrients , minerals , vitamins . consuming 140 gram of this fruit supplies , 3 . 92 mg of vitamin b3 , 1 . 4 mg of iron , 15 . 4 mg of vitamin c , 0 . 154 mg of vitamin b1 , 15 . 68 g of carbohydrate , 56 mg of phosphorus , 50 µg of vitamin a , 2 . 66 g of protein and 0 . 056 mg of vitamin b2 , 0 . 98 g of total fat and 13 mg of calcium .
physalis bear a smooth berry which looks like a small , round yellowish tomato . it is sub - globose berry , 1 . 25–2 cm diameter , each enclosed within a bladder like husk that will become papery on maturation . the fruit is green while young turning to a smooth , glossy , golden–yellow to orange when ripe with many tiny ( 2 mm diameter ) yellowish , flat seeds surrounded in the juicy palatable pulp . it has mildly tart flavor and sweet with a pleasing grape - like tang taste making it ideal for snacks , pies , or jams .
to further develop the potential therapies of 50 - efp , we had isolated and identified its components . we found that 50 - efp contains eight major components in two key medical classes : physalins and flavones . previous studies have reported that physalins have suppressive activities on macrophage and lymphocyte cultures in vitro and also inhibit the production of proinflammatory mediators such as tnf - α [ 12 ] . similarly , flavones have been reported to show significant antibacterial activity via the diffusion method and can suppress chemokine production in human monocyte thp - 1 cells [ 10 ] . thus , it is highly likely that the beneficial effects of 50 - efp , and thus p . alkekengi , are due to a unique combination of specific physalins and flavones found in the 50 - efp extract . our mechanistic analysis and component identification should therefore provide a solid basis for more advanced evaluation and development of these components as potential therapeutic agents . this study also confirms the potential and underlying basis for treating inflammation - causing bacterial infections with traditional oriental medicines .
plants used for the aforementioned photographs and following description were grown during the summer and autumn in an outdoor nursery in boijl , the netherlands and under cultural practices typical of commercial physalis production . plants used for the photographs were grown in three - liter containers and plants used for the description were grown in ground beds . during the production of the plants , day temperatures ranged from 15° c . to 25° c . and night temperatures ranged from 10° c . to 15° c . plants were one year old when the photographs and description were taken . in the following description , color references are made to the royal horticultural society colour chart , 2001 edition , except where general terms of ordinary dictionary significance are used .
in our previous studies on active constituents with qr inducing the activity of plants of the solanaceae family , [ 10 , 11 ] with anolides isolated from physalis angulata l . var . villosa bonati could induce qr activity . as the plant from the same genus , physalis minima l . , which is widely distributed throughout tropical and subtropical regions of the world , had been investigated in this paper for the search of active constituents with qr inducing activity . an ultra - performance liquid chromatographic ( uplc ) method with gsh as the substrate was used to detect the mras in the ethyl extract of p . minima l . ( eepm ) . the result revealed that the eepm had electrophiles that could induce qr activity . then , we investigated the chemical constituents of eepm guided by biological activity method . finally , eight compounds , 3 - isopropyl - 5 - acetoxycyclohexene - 2 - one - 1 [ 12 ] ( 1 ) , isophysalin b [ 13 ] ( 2 ) , physalin g [ 14 ] ( 3 ) , physalin d [ 15 ] ( 4 ) , physalin i [ 16 ] ( 5 ) physordinose b [ 17 ] ( 6 ) , stigmasterol - 3 - o - β - d - glucopyranoside [ 18 ] ( 7 ) and 5α - 6β - dihydroxyphysalin r [ 19 ] ( 8 ) , were isolated from the eepm . qr induction activity was measured for these compounds to evaluate their cancer chemopreventive properties . in this paper , we described the isolation , structural elucidation , and the quinine reductase activity of these components .
p . angulata is a herbaceous annual species of american origin which has been very widely introduced across many tropical , subtropical and warmer temperate regions . it is often characterized as a pantropical invasive weed of crops , gardens and plantations , although in many regions it has naturalized ( such as central america , africa , india and pacific islands ) ( raju et al . , 2007 ) . it is a host of the causal agent of tomato bacterial spot xanthomonas campestris pv . vesicatoria , as well as viruses found in tobacco , potato , okra , capsicum pepper , lucerne , beans and several other crops , physalis mottle virus ( phymv ) , and also several root - knot nematodes ( meloidogyne spp . ) . it is used in the traditional treatment of a wide variety of disease and consequently can be an economically beneficial plant . no detailed analysis of its impacts has been conducted .
this study was designed to determine whether the 50 % etoh fraction from ab - 8 macroporous resin fractionation of a 70 % etoh extract of p . alkekengi ( 50 - efp ) has antibacterial and / or anti - inflammatory activity both in vivo and in vitro and to investigate the mechanism of 50 - efp anti - inflammatory activity . additionally , this study sought to define the chemical composition of 50 - efp . results indicated that 50 - efp showed significant antibacterial activity in vitro and efficacy in vivo . moreover , 50 - efp significantly reduced nitric oxide ( no ) , prostaglandin e 2 ( pge 2 ) , tumor necrosis factor alpha ( tnf - α ) , interleukin 1 ( il - 1 ) , and interleukin 6 ( il - 6 ) production in lipopolysaccharide - ( lps - ) stimulated thp - 1 cells . nitric oxide synthase ( inos ) and cyclooxygenase - 2 ( cox - 2 ) ( examined at the protein level ) in thp - 1 cells were suppressed by 50 - efp , which inhibited nuclear translocation of p65 . consistent with this anti - inflammatory activity in vitro , 50 - efp reduced inflammation in both animal models . finally , seventeen compounds ( 8 physalins and 9 flavones ) were isolated as major components of 50 - efp . our data demonstrate that 50 - efp has antibacterial and anti - inflammatory activities both in vitro and in vivo . the anti - inflammatory effect appears to occur , at least in part , through the inhibition of nuclear translocation of p65 . moreover , physalins and flavones are probably the active components in 50 - efp that exert antibacterial and anti - inflammatory activities .
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the record derives from wcsp ( in review ) ( data supplied on 2012 - 03 - 26 ) which reports it as an accepted name with original publication details : sp . pl . 183 1753 .
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02 - oct - 1995 by ars systematic botanists . last changed : 01 - dec - 2006
aldén , b . , s . ryman , & m . hjertson svensk kulturväxtdatabas , skud ( swedish cultivated and utility plants database ; online resource on www . skud . info ) . 2012 ( kulturvaxtdatabas )
applequist , w . l . 2012 . report of the committee for spermatophyta : 64 ( taxon ) 61 : 1112 - 1113 .
cabrera , a . l . , dir . flora de la provincia de jujuy , república argentina . ( f jujuy )
davis , p . h . , ed . flora of turkey and the east aegean islands . ( f turk )
duke , j . a . et al . crc handbook of medicinal herbs . 2002 ( crc medherbs ed2 )
encke , f . et al . zander : handwörterbuch der pflanzennamen , 13 . auflage . 1984 ( zander ed13 )
euro + med editorial committee euro + med plantbase : the information resource for euro - mediterranean plant diversity ( on - line resource ) . ( euromed plantbase )
food and agriculture organization of the united nations ( fao ) 2010 . ecocrop ( on - line resource ) . ( ecocrop )
gleason , h . a . & a . cronquist manual of vascular plants of northeastern united states and adjacent canada . ( glea cron )
holm , l . et al . a geographical atlas of world weeds . 1979 ( atlas wweed )
huxley , a . , ed . the new royal horticultural society dictionary of gardening . 1992 ( dict gard )
integrated botanical information system ( ibis ) australian plant common name database ( on - line resource ) . ( aust pl common names )
lampe , k . f . & m . a . mccann ama handbook of poisonous and injurious plants . 1985 ( lampe & mccann )
markle , g . m . et al . , eds . food and feed crops of the united states , ed . 2 . 1998 ( food feed crops us )
munro , d . b . canadian poisonous plants information system ( on - line resource ) . ( can poison pl )
nasir , e . & s . i . ali , eds . flora of [ west ] pakistan . ( f pak )
ohwi , j . flora of japan ( engl . ed . ) . ( f japanohwi )
porcher , m . h . et al . searchable world wide web multilingual multiscript plant name database ( mmpnd ) ( on - line resource ) . ( pl names )
rehm , s . multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants . 1994 ( dict rehm )
steward , a . n . manual of vascular plants of the lower yangtze valley . ( f lowyangtze )
walker , e . flora of okinawa and the southern ryukyu islands . ( f okin )
willis , j . h . a handbook to plants in victoria . ( f victwillis )
wu zheng - yi & p . h . raven et al . , eds . flora of china ( english edition ) . ( f chinaeng )
zohary , m . et al . conspectus florae orientalis . ( l orient )
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cite as : usda , agricultural research service , national plant germplasm system . 2018 . germplasm resources information network ( grin - taxonomy ) . national germplasm resources laboratory , beltsville , maryland . url : urltoken accessed 9 july 2018 .
journal of asian natural products research ( journal , magazine , 1999 ) [ worldcat . org ]
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i thought you might be interested in this item at urltoken title : journal of asian natural products research publisher : [ erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar ] : taylor & francis . isbn / issn : 1028 - 6020 , 1477 - 2213 oclc : 890556654
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herbs perennial . stems 40 - 80 cm tall , slightly woody at base , little branched , nodes sometimes inflated , mostly pubescent . petiole 1 - 3 cm ; leaf blade narrowly to broadly ovate , 5 - 15 × 2 - 8 cm , glabrescent or pubescent , base oblique , cuneate , margin entire or coarsely dentate , sometimes with salient , unequal deltate lobes , apex acuminate . pedicel 0 . 6 - 1 . 6 cm , glabrescent , puberulent or densely and persistently villous . calyx broadly campanulate , ca . 6 mm , densely pubescent . corolla white , mostly with a greenish or yellowish eye , rotate or campanulate , 1 . 5 - 2 cm in diam . , lobed . stamens yellow . fruiting pedicel 2 - 3 cm ; fruiting calyx orange or red , ovate , rounded , 10 - ribbed , 2 . 5 - 4 × 2 - 3 . 5 cm , subleathery , invaginated at base , glabrescent or persistent villous . berry shiny , orange - red , globose , 1 - 1 . 5 cm in diam . seeds pale yellow , reniform , ca . 2 mm in diam .


eupithecia longipalpata is a moth in the family geometridae .

it is found from coastal british columbia south to california .

the wingspan is about 21 mm .

adults are light brownish with an ochreous tinge .

adults are on wing from late june to july .

the larvae feed on the needles of abies grandis , abies amabilis , abies lasiocarpa , pseudotsuga menziesii and pseudotsuga menziesii var .

glauca , tsuga heterophylla , tsuga mertensiana , thuja plicata , picea sitchensis and pinus contorta var . latifolia .

full-grown larvae reach a length of 20 mm .

there are two colour morphs .

the common morph is green with a yellowish green head .

the second morph is brown .

larvae can be found from april to early june and again from mid august to october .

pupation takes place in early june .

eupithecia longipalpata

the principal hosts of eupithecia longipalpata are douglas - fir and western hemlock ; other hosts include mountain hemlock and grand fir .
dscf9588 . jpg wingpsan ~ 27mm rwwa 179 bold dna rwwa 179 eupithecia longipalpata 100 % a species level match has been made . locality : coastal sw washington state at the edge of willapa bay geo : lat = 46 37 . 273 ge = - 123 56 . 8140 : lon
revision of the north american species of the genus eupithecia ( lepidoptera , geometridae ) james h . mcdunnough . 1949 . bulletin of the american museum of natural history 93 ( 8 ) .
annotated list of forest insects of british columbia , part 3 - eupithecia spp . , part 4 - hydriomena spp . ( geometridae ) . d . a . ross & d . evens . 1956 . proceedings of the entomological society of british columbia . 52 : 36 - 39 .
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created by dicky sick ki yu 1997 - 2012 please send me information about errors and omissions ( contact information ) with supporting references , possibly with pdf or hard copy .
this species occurs throughout coastal british columbia ; it also occurs south to california .
mature larva up to 20 mm long . this species has two distinct colour morphs . the more common green morph has a yellowish green head and body . body with a dark green middorsal line , and creamy yellow lateral flange . the brown morph is similarly marked .
this species overwinters in the larval stage . larvae are present from april to early june . pupation occurs in early june and adults emerge late june to july and lay eggs . larvae are present again from mid - august to october .
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upcoming events 2018 bugguide gathering in virginia july 27 - 29 : registration and discussion photos of insects and people from the 2015 gathering in wisconsin , july 10 - 12 photos of insects and people from the 2014 gathering in virginia , june 4 - 7 . photos of insects and people from the 2013 gathering in arizona , july 25 - 28 photos of insects and people from the 2012 gathering in alabama photos of insects and people from the 2011 gathering in iowa photos from the 2010 workshop in grinnell , iowa photos from the 2009 gathering in washington
specific epithet means
long palps ,
described as
very long , much longer than
an allied species .
larva - yellowish green with dark dorsal stripe , sometimes pale sub - dorsal lines , yellowish spiracular lines .
primarily douglas fir and western hemlock ; may be found on other pinaceae ( e . g . firs and spruces ) .
packard , a . s . 1876 . a monograph of the geometrid or phalaenidae of the united states .
a monograph of the geometrid or phalaenidae of the united states . a . s . packard . 1876 . united states geological survey of the territories 10 : 1 - 599 .
contributed by john f . carr on 10 january , 2010 - 7 : 04pm additional contributions by maury heiman , randy hardy last updated 3 november , 2017 - 10 : 31am
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