stenoptilia mengeli is a moth of the family pterophoridae .

it is found in greenland and nunavut , canada .

the wingspan is about 20 mm .

the head , palpi , thorax , abdomen and legs are dark ashy grey .

a fine white line occurs over each eye .

the forewings are ashy grey and glistening .

there are a few dark fuscous scales on the first lobe , forming an ill-defined longitudinal stripe on the middle .

there is also a fuscous spot at the end of the cleft and a less distinct one on the middle of the cell .

the hindwings are ashy grey .

stenoptilia mengeli

choose one > stenoptilia annadactyla > stenoptilia bipunctidactyla > stenoptilia brigantiensis > stenoptilia buvati > stenoptilia coprodactylus > stenoptilia graphodactyla > stenoptilia islandicus > stenoptilia leuconephes > stenoptilia mengeli > stenoptilia mercantourica > stenoptilia nelorum > stenoptilia nolckeni > stenoptilia pelidnodactyla > stenoptilia phaeonephes > stenoptilia pneumonanthes > stenoptilia pterodactyla > stenoptilia sp . bold : acc9921 > stenoptilia sp . tlmf lep 08096 > stenoptilia sp . tlmf lep 08393 > stenoptilia sp . tlmf lep 08394 > stenoptilia sp . tlmf lep 08420 > stenoptilia succisae > stenoptilia veronicae > stenoptilia zophodactylus all lower taxonomy nodes ( 24 )
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pterophoridae , or plume moths as they are commonly known , occur worldwide and have about 1000 species described . they are known as plume moths because many , but not all , species have deep indentations in the wings with fringes comprised of very long scales or modified setae . larvae or caterpillars often have long setae with various modifications such as clubbed , spatula - like , forked , and many other forms . these setae also secrete a sticky fluid that may be a protective mechanism . the larvae feed on a wide variety of host plants , although many in the united states feed on the family asteraceae , or sunflower family . the family is divided into 4 subfamilies : agdistinae , ochyroticinae , deuterocopinae , and pterophorinae . the pterophorinae is the largest subfamily with 66 genera and 850 species worldwide .
this document consists of a listing of species in the adult pinned collection of the moth family pterophoridae at the national museum of natural history ( nmnh ) or the united states national museum ( usnm ) . genera without specimens in this collection are indicated . the classification is based on the world catalogue by [ gielis , c . 2003 . pterophoroidea & alucitoidea in : world catalogue of insects 4 . stenstrup , denmark , apollo books ] . the species names are spelled as by the author ( s ) in the original descriptions .
for further information , questions or requests to borrow material , please contact either alma solis ( alma . solis @ urltoken ) or ben proshek ( proshekb @ urltoken ) .
postplatyptilia aestuosa meyrick , 1916 ( platyptilia ) postplatyptilia akerbergsi gielis , 1991 ( postplatyptilia ) postplatyptilia alexisi gielis , 1991 ( postplatyptilia ) postplatyptilia antillae gielis , 2003 ( postplatyptilia ) postplatyptilia biobioica gielis , 1991 ( postplatyptilia ) postplatyptilia boletus gielis , 2006 ( postplatyptilia ) postplatyptilia camptosphena meyrick , 1931 ( platyptilia ) postplatyptilia carchi gielis , 2003 ( postplatyptilia ) postplatyptilia caribica gielis , 2006 ( postplatyptilia ) postplatyptilia corticus gielis , 2006 ( postplatyptilia ) postplatyptilia eelkoi gielis , 1991 ( postplatyptilia ) postplatyptilia flinti gielis , 1991 ( postplatyptilia ) postplatyptilia fuscicornis zeller , 1877 ( platyptilia ) postplatyptilia huigraica b . landry & gielis , 1992 ( postplatyptilia ) postplatyptilia parana gielis , 1996 ( postplatyptilia ) postplatyptilia saeva meyrick , 1930 ( postplatyptilia )
lioptilodes albistriolatus zeller , 1871 ( mimeseoptilus ) lioptilodes antarcticus o . staudinger , 1899 ( mimaesoptilus ) lioptilodes neuquenicus gielis , 1991 ( lioptilodes ) lioptilodes testaceus blanchard , 1852 ( pterophorus )
exelastis atomosa walsingham , 1885 ( aciptilia ) exelastis crepuscularis meyrick , 1909 ( pterophorus ) exelastis dowi matthews & b . landry , 2008 ( exelastis ) exelastis montischristi walsingham , 1897 ( pterophorus ) exelastis pumilio zeller , 1873 ( mimeseoptilus ) exelastis rhynchosiae dyar , 1898 ( pterophorus )
geina buscki mcdunnough , 1933 ( pterophorus ) geina didacty la linnaeus , 1758 ( phalaenae alucita ) geina ontario mcdunnough , 1927 ( pterophorus ) geina periscelidactyla fitch , 1854 ( pterophorus ) geina sheppardi b . landry , 1989 ( geina ) geina tenuidactylus fitch , 1854 ( pterophorus )
pterophorus albidus zeller , 1852 ( aciptilus ) pterophorus candidalis walker , 1864 ( aciptilus ) pterophorus denticulata yano , 1963 ( aciptilia ) pterophorus furcatalis walker , 1864 ( aciptilus ) pterophorus innotatalis walker , 1864 ( pterophorus ) pterophorus ischnodactyla treitschke , 1833 ( alucita ) pterophorus lacteipennis walker , 1864 ( aciptilus ) pterophorus melanopoda t . b . fletcher , 1907 ( alucita ) pterophorus niveodactyla pagenstecher , 1900 ( aciptilia ) pterophorus pentadactyla linnaeus , 1758 ( phalaena alucita ) pterophorus rhyparias meyrick , 1907 ( alucita )
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plume moths are easily recognized by their characteristic
t
- shaped resting posture and the lobed or divided wings of most species . while the family pterophoridae is easily identified , species determinations are more challenging , often requiring dissection and preparation of genitalia slides . there are currently 162 described species known from north america north of the mexican border . known species are listed below with links to photographs or additional information . synonyms are available in a world catalogue ( gielis 2003 ) . larval food plants are known for 76 of the described nearctic species (
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dichomeris ligulacea is a moth in the gelechiidae family .

it was described by li , zhen and mey in 2013 .

it is found in malawi .

the wingspan is about 19 mm .

the forewings are greyish yellow , with scattered brown scales and a dark brown apex and termen , the latter with dark brown dots .

there are dark brown spots at one-third and two-thirds of the cell , at the upper middle of the cell and at three-fifths of the fold .

there is a short oblique stripe at end of the cell .

the hindwings are grey .

dichomeris ligulacea

dichomeris ligulacea li , zhen & . mey , 2013 life insecta lepidoptera gelechiidae dichomeris
this paper deals with 12 species of the genus dichomeris hübner , 1818 from southern africa and kenya . seven species are described as new : d . arquata sp . nov . , d . brevicornuta sp . nov . , d . dentata sp . nov . , d . ligulacea sp . nov . , d . paulidigitata sp . nov . , d . tenextrema sp . nov . and d . ventriprojecta sp . nov . ; and other five known species are listed . images of adults and illustrations of genitalia are provided .
dichomeris acmodeta ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 12
dichomeris agorastis ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 13
dichomeris albula ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 13
dichomeris apicispina ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 14
dichomeris apludella ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 14
dichomeris bifurca ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 15
dichomeris bomiensis ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 16
dichomeris bucinaria ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 16
dichomeris consertella ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 18
dichomeris cuprea ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 18
dichomeris cuspis ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 18
dichomeris diffurca ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 20
dichomeris fareasta ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 20
dichomeris fuscahopa ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 21
dichomeris fuscanella ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 21
dichomeris gansuensis ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 21
dichomeris hodgesi ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 22
dichomeris jiangxiensis ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 23
dichomeris lativalvata ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 23
dichomeris lespedezae ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 23
dichomeris lutilinea ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 25
dichomeris manticopodina ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 25
dichomeris menglana ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 26
dichomeris millotella viette , 1956 ; nat . malgache 8 ( 2 ) : 212
dichomeris minutia ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 26
dichomeris mitteri ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 27
dichomeris molybdoterma meyrick , 1933 ; exotic microlep . 4 ( 12 ) : 353
dichomeris ningshanensis ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 27
dichomeris nivalis ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 27
dichomeris paulianella viette , 1956 ; nat . malgache 8 ( 2 ) : 213
dichomeris polygona ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 29
dichomeris polypunctata ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 29
dichomeris qingchengshanensis ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 30
dichomeris quadratipalpa ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 30
dichomeris quadrifurca ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 30
dichomeris sexafurca ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 31
dichomeris shenae ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 31
dichomeris spicans ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 32
dichomeris spuracuminata ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 32
dichomeris stasimopa meyrick , 1937 ; exotic microlep . 5 ( 3 ) : 94
dichomeris strictella ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 32
dichomeris synergastis ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 32
dichomeris tersa ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 33
dichomeris varifurca ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 34
dichomeris violacula ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 34
dichomeris wuyiensis ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 34
dichomeris yuebana ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 34
dichomeris yunnanensis ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 35
dichomeris zymotella viette , 1956 ; nat . malgache 8 ( 2 ) : 215
dichomeris junisonensis matsumura , 1931 ; 6000 illust . insects japan . - empire : 1082
dichomeris acritopa meyrick , 1935 ; mat . microlep . fauna chin . prov . : 72
dichomeris dolichaula meyrick , 1931 ; exotic microlep . 4 ( 2 - 4 ) : 67
dichomeris loxonoma meyrick , 1937 ; exotic microlep . 5 ( 4 - 5 ) : 123
dichomeris nyingchiensis li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 254
dichomeris fuscahopa li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 242
dichomeris fuscusitis li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 243
dichomeris gansuensis li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 247
dichomeris hodgesi li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 232
dichomeris jiangxiensis li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 244
dichomeris junisonis [ sic ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 23
dichomeris yunnanensis li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 254
dichomeris cuspis park , 1994 ; insecta koreana 11 : 19 ; tl : gangweon prov . , korea
dichomeris derasella ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 19 ; [ fe ]
dichomeris fareasta park , 1994 ; insecta koreana 11 : 15 ; tl : gangweon prov . , korea
dichomeris lamprostoma ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 23 ; [ fe ]
dichomeris mitteri park , 1994 ; insecta koreana 11 : 17 ; tl : gangweon prov . , korea
dichomeris praevacua ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 :
dichomeris strictella park , 1994 ; insecta koreana 11 : 11 ; tl : gangweon prov . , korea
dichomeris acritopa ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 12
dichomeris adelocentra ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 13
dichomeris albiscripta ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 13
dichomeris allantopa ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 13
dichomeris amphichlora ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 13
dichomeris ampliata ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 14
dichomeris anisospila ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 14
dichomeris antiloxa ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 14
dichomeris antisticta ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 14
dichomeris asodes ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 15
dichomeris barymochla ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 15
dichomeris brachygrapha ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 16
dichomeris brachyptila ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 16
dichomeris caerulescens ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 16
dichomeris cellaria ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 16
dichomeris centracma ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 17
dichomeris ceponoma ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 17
dichomeris charonaea ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 17
dichomeris chartaria ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 17
dichomeris chinganella ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 17
dichomeris chlanidota ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 17
dichomeris cinnabarina ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 17
dichomeris citharista ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 17
dichomeris clarescens ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 17
dichomeris cocta ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 17
dichomeris contentella ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 18
dichomeris corniculata ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 18
dichomeris crepitatrix ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 18
dichomeris deceptella ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 19
dichomeris deltoxyla ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 19
dichomeris diacrita ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 19
dichomeris dicausta ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 19
dichomeris doxarcha ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 20
dichomeris eridantis ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 20
dichomeris eucomopa ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 20
dichomeris excoriata ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 20
dichomeris ferrata ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 20
dichomeris ferruginosa ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 20
dichomeris frenigera ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 21
dichomeris fungifera ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 21
dichomeris geochrota ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 21
dichomeris horoglypta ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 22
dichomeris ignorata ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 22
dichomeris illicita ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 22
dichomeris illucescens ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 22
dichomeris imbricata ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 22
dichomeris immerita ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 22
dichomeris indiserta ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 22
dichomeris intensa ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 22
dichomeris isoclera ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 23
dichomeris leptosaris ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 23
dichomeris leucothicta ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 24
dichomeris levigata ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 24
dichomeris lissota ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 24
dichomeris litoxyla ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 24
dichomeris lupata ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 25
dichomeris macroxyla ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 25
dichomeris malachias ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 25
dichomeris malacodes ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 25
dichomeris melanortha ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 26
dichomeris melitura ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 26
dichomeris mesoglena ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 26
dichomeris metatoxa ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 26
dichomeris metuens ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 26
dichomeris microdoxa ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 26
dichomeris microsphena meyrick , 1921 ; zool . meded . leyden 6 : 166 ; tl : java , buitenzorg
dichomeris oceanis ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 27
dichomeris olivescens ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 28
dichomeris ostracodes ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 28
dichomeris pelitis ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 28
dichomeris petalodes ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 28
dichomeris planata ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 29
dichomeris polyaema ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 29
dichomeris praealbescens ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 29
dichomeris procrossa ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 29
dichomeris pseudometra ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 30
dichomeris ptychosema ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 30
dichomeris sciodora ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 31
dichomeris semnias ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 31
dichomeris siranta ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 31
dichomeris summata ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 32
dichomeris synclepta ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 32
dichomeris tephroxesta ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 33
dichomeris testudinata ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 33
dichomeris tetraschema ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 33
dichomeris thyrsicola ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 33
dichomeris toxolyca ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 33
dichomeris traumatias ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 33
dichomeris uranopis ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 33
dichomeris viridella ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 34
dichomeris indigna ; hodges , 1986 , moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 54 ( note )
dichomeris ceratomoxantha ; hodges , 1986 , moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 63 ( note )
dichomeris adelocentra meyrick , 1920 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 10 ) : 305 ; tl : java , butenzorg
dichomeris albula park & hodges , 1995 ; insecta koreana 12 : 22 ; tl : taipei co . , taiwan
dichomeris baccata meyrick , 1923 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 20 ) : 621 ; tl : brazil , teffé
= dichomeris bisignella ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 16
dichomeris brachygrapha meyrick , 1920 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 10 ) : 305 ; tl : assam , khasis
dichomeris bucinaria park , 1996 ; tinea 14 ( 4 ) : 230 ; tl : pintung co . , taiwan
dichomeris chalcophaea meyrick , 1921 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 14 ) : 434 ; tl : queensland , brisbane
dichomeris fida meyrick , 1923 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 20 ) : 620 ; tl : brazil , para
dichomeris fusca park & hodges , 1995 ; insecta koreana 12 : 49 ; tl : taichung co . , taiwan
dichomeris fuscalis park & hodges , 1995 ; insecta koreana 12 : 16 ; tl : taipei co . , taiwan
dichomeris harmonias meyrick , 1922 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 16 ) : 504 ; tl : china , shanghai
dichomeris horiodes meyrick , 1923 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 20 ) : 620 ; tl : brazil , parintins
dichomeris horoglypta meyrick , 1932 ; exotic microlep . 4 ( 7 ) : 202 ; tl : hasimoto , japan
dichomeris ingloria meyrick , 1923 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 20 ) : 621 ; tl : peru , lima
dichomeris leptosaris meyrick , 1932 ; exotic microlep . 4 ( 7 ) : 202 ; tl : hokkaido , japan
dichomeris leucothicta meyrick , 1919 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 8 ) : 235 ; tl : bombay , dharwar
dichomeris lucrifuga meyrick , 1923 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 20 ) : 620 ; tl : brazil , para
dichomeris lutivittata meyrick , 1921 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 14 ) : 434 ; tl : queensland , brisbane
dichomeris mesoctenis meyrick , 1921 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 14 ) : 434 ; tl : queensland , brisbane
dichomeris mesoglena meyrick , 1923 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 20 ) : 619 ; tl : coorg , pollibetta
dichomeris metuens meyrick , 1932 ; exotic microlep . 4 ( 7 ) : 201 ; tl : seneng , java
dichomeris ochthophora meyrick , 1936 ; exotic microlep . 5 ( 2 ) : 46 ; tl : taihoku , formosa
dichomeris orientis park & hodges , 1995 ; insecta koreana 12 : 36 ; tl : kaohsiung co . , taiwan
dichomeris praevacua meyrick , 1922 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 16 ) : 504 ; tl : china , shanghai
dichomeris quercicola meyrick , 1921 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 14 ) : 433 ; tl : punjab , kangra
dichomeris saturata meyrick , 1923 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 20 ) : 621 ; tl : brazil , obidos
dichomeris sciodora meyrick , 1922 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 16 ) : 504 ; tl : assam , khasis
dichomeris symmetrica park & hodges , 1995 ; insecta koreana 12 : 20 ; tl : taitung co . , taiwan
dichomeris syndias [ sic , recte syndyas ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 32
dichomeris thermodryas meyrick , 1923 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 20 ) : 621 ; tl : peru , iquitos
dichomeris trilobella park & hodges , 1995 ; insecta koreana 12 : 42 ; tl : pingtung co . , taiwan
dichomeris anisospila meyrick , 1934 ; dt . ent . z . iris 48 : 34 ; tl : guangdong , china
dichomeris argentaria meyrick , 1913 ; ann . transv . mus . 3 ( 4 ) : 304 ; tl : barberton
dichomeris cotifera meyrick , 1913 ; ann . transv . mus . 3 ( 4 ) : 303 ; tl : barberton
dichomeris cuprea li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 237 ; tl : shaanxi
dichomeris exsecta meyrick , 1927 ; exot . microlep . 3 ( 12 ) : 354 ; tl : rhodesia , mazoe
dichomeris ignorata meyrick , 1921 ; zool . meded . leyden 6 : 165 ; tl : java , preangor , 5000ft
dichomeris melanortha meyrick , 1929 ; exot . microlep . 3 ( 16 ) : 510 ; tl : bombay , poona
dichomeris monorbella viette , 1988 ; bull . soc . ent . fr . 93 ( 3 - 4 ) : 104
dichomeris squalens meyrick , 1914 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1914 : 282 ; tl : british guiana
resupina omelko , 1999 ; keys ins . russian far east 5 ( 2 ) : 107 ; ts : dichomeris okadai moriuti
dichomeris tactica meyrick , 1918 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 5 ) : 152 ; tl : ecuador , huigra , 4500ft
dichomeris acrolychna meyrick , 1922 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1922 : 112 ; tl : brazil , para
dichomeris allantopa meyrick , 1934 ; exotic microlep . 4 ( 16 - 17 ) : 512 ; tl : nilambur , madras
dichomeris alogista meyrick , 1935 ; mat . microlep . fauna chin . prov . : 72 ; tl : hunan , china
dichomeris brachymetra meyrick , 1923 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 20 ) : 620 ; tl : peru , chosica , 2800m
dichomeris brachyptila meyrick , 1916 ; exot . microlep . 1 ( 19 ) : 584 ; tl : upper burma , myitkyina
dichomeris ceponoma meyrick , 1918 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 5 ) : 151 ; tl : coorg , dibidi , 3500ft
dichomeris davisi park & hodges , 1995 ; insecta koreana 12 : 35 ; tl : taiwan , taipei co . , sirin
dichomeris ellipsias meyrick , 1922 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1922 : 114 ; tl : peru , iquitos
dichomeris lushanae park & hodges , 1995 ; insecta koreana 12 : 22 ; tl : taiwan , taipei co . , sozan
dichomeris moriutii ; li , zhen , kendrick & sterling , 2010 , shilap revta lepid . 38 ( 149 ) : 73
dichomeris physocoma meyrick , 1926 ; exot . microlep . 3 ( 9 ) : 286 ; tl : sierra leone , mabang
dichomeris procyphodes meyrick , 1922 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1922 : 115 ; tl : brazil , parintins
dichomeris rhodophaea meyrick , 1920 ; in alluaud & jeannel , voyage afr . orientale , ins . lép . 2 : 73
dichomeris simaoensis ; li , zhen , kendrick & sterling , 2010 , shilap revta lepid . 38 ( 149 ) : 74
dichomeris stratigera meyrick , 1922 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1922 : 111 ; tl : brazil , parintins
dichomeris subdentata meyrick , 1922 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1922 : 113 ; tl : brazil , santarem
dichomeris testudinata meyrick , , 1934 ; dt . ent . z . iris 48 : 34 ; tl : guangdong , china
dichomeris thalamopa meyrick , 1922 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1922 : 112 ; tl : brail , téffe
dichomeris xanthodeta meyrick , 1913 ; ann . transv . mus . 3 ( 4 ) : 305 ; tl : three sisters
dichomeris zonata ; li , zhen , kendrick & sterling , 2010 , shilap revta lepid . 38 ( 149 ) : 74
dichomeris liui li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 234 ; tl : jiangxi , china
dichomeris qinlingensis li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 235 ; tl : shaanxi , china
dichomeris aequata meyrick , 1914 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1914 : 282 ; tl : british guiana , bartica
dichomeris agathopa meyrick , 1921 ; ann . transv . mus . 8 ( 2 ) : 85 ; tl : rhodesia , umtali
dichomeris anisacuminata li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 231 ; tl : china , jiangxi
dichomeris antizyga meyrick , 1913 ; ann . transv . mus . 3 ( 4 ) : 303 ; tl : barberton , pretoria
dichomeris aphanopa meyrick , 1921 ; ann . transv . mus . 8 ( 2 ) : 83 ; tl : rhodesia , umtali
dichomeris apicispina li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 241 ; tl : jiangxi , china
dichomeris asteropis meyrick , 1921 ; ann . transv . mus . 8 ( 2 ) : 83 ; tl : rhodesia , umvuma
dichomeris attenta meyrick , 1921 ; ann . transv . mus . 8 ( 2 ) : 84 ; tl : rhodesia , umvuma
dichomeris bifurca li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 251 ; tl : jiangxi , china
dichomeris bodenheimeri ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 16 ; [ afromoths ]
dichomeris bomiensis li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 238 ; tl : china , xizang
dichomeris cachrydias meyrick , 1914 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1914 : 283 ; tl : british guiana , mallali
dichomeris decusella ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 19 ; [ afromoths ]
dichomeris diffurca li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 253 ; tl : fujian , china
dichomeris eustacta meyrick , 1921 ; ann . transv . mus . 8 ( 2 ) : 84 ; tl : rhodesia , umtali
dichomeris excepta meyrick , 1914 ; exot . microlep . 1 ( 9 ) : 279 ; tl : nyassaland , mt . mlanje
dichomeris hylurga meyrick , 1921 ; ann . transv . mus . 8 ( 2 ) : 83 ; tl : rhodesia , salisbury
dichomeris impigra meyrick , 1913 ; ann . transv . mus . 3 ( 4 ) : 305 ; tl : barberton , haenertsburg
dichomeris indiserta meyrick , 1926 ; exot . microlep . 3 ( 9 ) : 285 ; tl : malay states , kuala lumpur
dichomeris lativalvata li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 248 ; tl : jiangxi , china
dichomeris manticopodina li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 239 ; tl : shaanxi , china
dichomeris menglana li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 257 ; tl : yunnan , china
dichomeris ningshanensis li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 245 ; tl : shaanxi , china
dichomeris nivalis li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 249 ; tl : jiangxi , china
dichomeris opsonoma meyrick , 1914 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1914 : 281 ; tl : british guiana , bartica
dichomeris pladarota meyrick , 1921 ; ann . transv . mus . 8 ( 2 ) : 84 ; tl : rhodesia , umtali
dichomeris polygona li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 243 ; tl : sichuan , china
dichomeris qingchengshanensis li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 245 ; tl : sichuan , china
dichomeris quadratipalpa li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 238 ; tl : shaanxi , china
dichomeris quadrifurca li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 252 ; tl : fujian , china
dichomeris sexafurca li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 249 ; tl : jiangxi , china
dichomeris shenae li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 246 ; tl : jiangxi , china
dichomeris spicans li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 247 ; tl : jiangxi , china
dichomeris spuracuminata li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 230 ; tl : shaanxi , china
dichomeris stromatias meyrick , 1918 ; ann . transv . mus . 6 ( 2 ) : 23 ; tl : zululand , nkwaleni
dichomeris tersa li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 241 ; tl : shaanxi , china
dichomeris varifurca li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 250 ; tl : jiangxi , china
dichomeris violacula li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 237 ; tl : gansu , china
dichomeris wuyiensis li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 255 ; tl : jiangxi , china
dichomeris xestobyrsa meyrick , 1921 ; ann . transv . mus . 8 ( 2 ) : 82 ; tl : rhodesia , salisbury
dichomeris yuebana li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 236 ; tl : shaanxi , china
dichomeris obscura li & zheng , 1997 ; entomologia sin . 4 ( 3 ) : 223 ; tl : fengxian , shaanxi , 1600m
dichomeris angustiptera li & zheng , 1997 ; entomologia sin . 4 ( 3 ) : 228 ; tl : fengxian , shaanxi , 1600m
dichomeris acrogypsa turner , 1919 ; proc . r . soc . qd 31 ( 10 ) : 168 ; tl : queensland , rosewood
dichomeris aculata ; ponomarenko & ueda , 2004 , trans . lepid . soc . japan 55 ( 3 ) : 147 ( note )
dichomeris ampliata meyrick , 1913 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 22 ( 1 ) : 175 ; tl : khasis
dichomeris cirrhostola turner , 1919 ; proc . r . soc . qd 31 ( 10 ) : 169 ; tl : queensland , adavale
dichomeris deltaspis ; ponomarenko & ueda , 2004 , trans . lepid . soc . japan 55 ( 3 ) : 155 ( note )
dichomeris excoriata meyrick , 1913 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 22 ( 1 ) : 174 ; tl : khasis
dichomeris ferrata meyrick , 1913 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 22 ( 1 ) : 174 ; tl : khasis
dichomeris ferrogra li & wang , 1997 ; entomologia sin . 4 ( 3 ) : 225 ; tl : mengla , yunnan , 630m
dichomeris ferruginosa meyrick , 1913 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 22 ( 1 ) : 173 ; tl : khasis
dichomeris heteracma meyrick , 1923 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 20 ) : 622 ; tl : brazil , teffé ; peru , iquitos
dichomeris instans meyrick , 1923 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 20 ) : 619 ; tl : peru , iquitos ; brazil , teffé
dichomeris lividula park & hodges , 1995 ; insecta koreana 12 : 57 ; tl : taiwan , hualien co . , pianau - col
dichomeris oleata meyrick , 1913 ; ann . transv . mus . 3 ( 4 ) : 305 ; tl : barberton , three sisters
dichomeris ostracodes meyrick , 1916 ; exot . microlep . 1 ( 19 ) : 583 ; tl : upper burma , lashio , 3000ft
dichomeris petalodes meyrick , 1934 ; exotic microlep . 4 ( 16 - 17 ) : 512 ; tl : nilambur , madras , india
dichomeris pleuroleuca turner , 1919 ; proc . r . soc . qd 31 ( 10 ) : 169 ; tl : queensland , eidsvold
dichomeris ptychosema meyrick , 1913 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 22 ( 1 ) : 175 ; tl : khasis
dichomeris rectifascia li & zheng , 1997 ; entomologia sin . 4 ( 3 ) : 220 ; tl : kangxian , gansu , 800m
dichomeris simaoensis li & wang , 1997 ; entomologia sin . 4 ( 3 ) : 221 ; tl : simao , yunnan , 325m
dichomeris summata meyrick , 1913 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 22 ( 1 ) : 172 ; tl : khasis
dichomeris varronia busck , 1913 ; ins . inscit . menstr . 1 ( 7 ) : 89 ; tl : kitty , british guiana
dichomeris ventosa meyrick , 1913 ; ann . transv . mus . 3 ( 4 ) : 304 ; tl : barberton , three sisters
dichomeris zonata li & wang , 1997 ; entomologia sin . 4 ( 3 ) : 222 ; tl : simao , yunnan , 325m
dichomeris tostella ; hodges , 1986 , moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 72 ( note ) ; [ nhm card ]
dichomeris amphicoma meyrick , 1912 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1911 ( 4 ) : 695 ; tl : brazil , santos
dichomeris antisticha meyrick , 1926 ; exot . microlep . 3 ( 9 ) : 285 ; tl : costa rica , vulkan irazu , 4000ft
dichomeris fluitans meyrick , 1920 ; ann . s . afr . mus . 17 ( 4 ) : 284 ; tl : natal , howick
dichomeris litoxyla meyrick , 1937 ; exotic microlep . 5 ( 4 - 5 ) : 123 ; tl : yakovlevka , primorkii krai , russia
dichomeris nessica walsingham , 1911 ; biol . centr . - amer . lep . heterocera 4 : 95 ; tl : panama , la chorrera
dichomeris taiwana park & hodges , 1995 ; insecta koreana 12 : 48 ; tl : taiwan , nantou co . , sunmoon lake , 760m
dichomeris zomias meyrick , 1914 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1914 : 283 ; tl : british guiana , bartica and mallali
dichomeris hirculella busck , 1909 ; proc . ent . soc . wash . 11 ( 2 ) : 89 ; tl : east river , connecticut
dichomeris clarescens meyrick , 1913 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 22 ( 1 ) : 174 ; tl : maskeliya , ceylon
dichomeris dysorata turner , 1919 ; proc . r . soc . qd 31 ( 10 ) : 170 ; tl : new south wales , syndey
dichomeris elegans park , 2001 ; insecta koreana 18 ( 4 ) : 308 ; tl : taiwan , pingtung co . , kenting park , 50m
dichomeris jugata walsingham , 1911 ; biol . centr . - amer . lep . heterocera 4 : 97 ; tl : mexico , tabasco , teapa
dichomeris mengdana li & zheng , 1997 ; entomologia sin . 4 ( 3 ) : 227 ; tl : mengda , xunhua , qinghai , 2240m
dichomeris miltophragma meyrick , 1922 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1922 : 115 ; tl : brazil , para , obidos , parintins
dichomeris ptilocompa meyrick , 1922 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1922 : 113 ; tl : brazil , teffé ; peru , jurimaguas
dichomeris substratella walsingham , 1911 ; biol . centr . - amer . lep . heterocera 4 : 93 ; tl : mexico , tabasco , teapa
dichomeris vadonella viette , 1955 ; ann . soc . ent . fr . 123 : 108 ; tl : ne . madagascar , maroantsetra , ambodivoangy
dichomeris xerodes walsingham , 1911 ; biol . centr . - amer . lep . heterocera 4 : 100 ; tl : mexico , tabasco , teapa
= dichomeris setosella ; sattler , 1973 , bull . br . mus . nat . hist . ( ent . ) 28 ( 4 ) : 221
dichomeris glenni clarke , 1947 ; proc . ent . soc . wash . 49 ( 7 ) : 187 ; tl : putnam co . , illinois
dichomeris aomoriensis ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 14 ; ponomarenko , 1998 , far east . ent . 67 : 12
dichomeris ardesiella walsingham , 1911 ; biol . centr . - amer . lep . heterocera 4 : 96 ; tl : mexico , vera cruz , cordova
dichomeris arotrosema walsingham , 1911 ; biol . centr . - amer . lep . heterocera 4 : 95 ; tl : mexico , vera cruz , atoyac
dichomeris asodes meyrick , 1939 ; trans . r . ent . soc . lond . 89 ( 4 ) : 54 ; tl : telawa , java
dichomeris erixantha ; meyrick , 1921 , ann . transv . mus . 8 ( 2 ) : 83 ; [ nhm card ] ; [ afromoths ]
dichomeris eucomopa meyrick , 1939 ; trans . r . ent . soc . lond . 89 ( 4 ) : 54 ; tl : telawa , java
dichomeris loxospila ; [ nhm card ] ; li , zhen , kendrick & sterling , 2010 , shilap revta lepid . 38 ( 149 ) : 77
dichomeris lypetica walsingham , 1911 ; biol . centr . - amer . lep . heterocera 4 : 91 ; tl : mexico , guerrero , amula , 6000ft
dichomeris crepitatrix meyrick , 1913 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 22 ( 1 ) : 173 ; tl : n . coorg , 3500ft
dichomeris dignella walsingham , 1911 ; biol . centr . - amer . lep . heterocera 4 : 91 ; tl : mexico , guerrero , amula , 6000ft
dichomeris excavata busck , 1914 ; proc . u . s . nat . mus . 47 ( 2043 ) : 18 ; tl : porto bello , panama
dichomeris hexasticta walsingham , 1911 ; biol . centr . - amer . lep . heterocera 4 : 94 ; tl : mexico , guerrero , amula , 6000ft
dichomeris imbricata meyrick , 1913 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 22 ( 1 ) : 175 ; tl : n . coorg , 3500ft
dichomeris lutea park & hodges , 1995 ; insecta koreana 12 : 59 ; tl : taiwan , nantou co . , meifeng , 30km s tayuling , 2200m
dichomeris lutilinea ponomarenko & park , 1996 ; korean j . appl . ent . 35 ( 2 ) : 118 ; tl : chuncheon , kangweon prov .
dichomeris metrodes meyrick , 1913 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 22 ( 1 ) : 172 ; tl : hambantota , ceylon ; bombay
dichomeris olivescens meyrick , 1913 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 22 ( 1 ) : 175 ; tl : kandy and maskeliya , ceylon
dichomeris thalpodes meyrick , 1922 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1922 : 111 ; tl : brazil , para ; peru , r . napo
dichomeris tristicta busck , 1914 ; proc . u . s . nat . mus . 47 ( 2043 ) : 17 ; tl : trinidad river , panama
dichomeris melanophylla ; hodges , 1986 , moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 114 ( note ) ; [ nhm card ] ; [ aucl ]
dichomeris angulata ; brown , adamski , hodges & bahr , 2004 , zootaxa 510 : 14 ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 14
dichomeris bulawskii ponomarenko & park , 1996 ; korean j . appl . ent . 35 ( 2 ) : 114 ; tl : 27km sw slavjanka , primorskii krai
dichomeris fusca ; brown , adamski , hodges & bahr , 2004 , zootaxa 510 : 60 ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 49
dichomeris linealis ; brown , adamski , hodges & bahr , 2004 , zootaxa 510 : 83 ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 24
dichomeris lividula ; brown , adamski , hodges & bahr , 2004 , zootaxa 510 : 83 ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 24
dichomeris lushanae ; brown , adamski , hodges & bahr , 2004 , zootaxa 510 : 86 ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 25
dichomeris lutea ; brown , adamski , hodges & bahr , 2004 , zootaxa 510 : 86 ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 25
dichomeris ochreata ; brown , adamski , hodges & bahr , 2004 , zootaxa 510 : 102 ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 27
dichomeris taiwana ; brown , adamski , hodges & bahr , 2004 , zootaxa 510 : 135 ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 32
dichomeris trilobella ; brown , adamski , hodges & bahr , 2004 , zootaxa 510 : 141 ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 33
dichomeris illusio hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 101 , pl . 2 , f . 38 ; tl : hastings , florida
dichomeris imitata hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 104 , pl . 3 , f . 5 ; tl : devers , texas
dichomeris angulata park & hodges , 1995 ; insecta koreana 12 : 43 ; tl : taiwan , nantou co . , leinhauchi forest station , 15km sw puli , 750m
dichomeris aprica ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 15 ; li & sattler , 2012 , zootaxa 3373 : 57
dichomeris enoptrias ; park & hodges , 1995 , insecta koreana 12 : ( 1 - 101 ) ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 20
dichomeris hoplocrates ; park & hodges , 1995 , insecta koreana 12 : ( 1 - 101 ) ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 22
dichomeris issikii ; park & hodges , 1995 , insecta koreana 12 : ( 1 - 101 ) ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 23
dichomeris ochreata park & hodges , 1995 ; insecta koreana 12 : 32 ; tl : taiwan , nantou co . , mei - feng , 30km s tayuling , 2200m
dichomeris pyrrhoschista ; park & hodges , 1995 , insecta koreana 12 : ( 1 - 101 ) ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 30
dichomeris sciritis ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 31 ; li & sattler , 2012 , zootaxa 3373 : 57
dichomeris synergastis ponomarenko & park , 1996 ; korean j . appl . ent . 35 ( 2 ) : 116 ; tl : yong - in , kyunggi prov .
dichomeris viridescens ; park & hodges , 1995 , insecta koreana 12 : ( 1 - 101 ) ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 34
dichomeris offula hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 117 , pl . 3 , f . 21 ; tl : ithaca , new york
dichomeris crepida hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 118 , pl . 3 , f . 22 ; tl : mcclellanville , south carolina
dichomeris santarosensis hodges , 1985 ; proc . ent . soc . wash . 87 ( 2 ) : 456 ; tl : santa rosa national park , guanacaste , costa rica
dichomeris nenia hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 40 , pl . 4 , f . 2 ; tl : bandera co . , texas
dichomeris hypochloa walsingham , 1911 ; biol . centr . - amer . lep . heterocera 4 : 102 , pl . 3 , f . 23 ; tl : mexico , sonora
dichomeris caia hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 62 , pl . 4 , f . 7 ; tl : putnam co . , illinois
dichomeris laetitia hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 88 , pl . 2 , f . 22 ; tl : putnam co . , illinois
dichomeris aleatrix hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 91 , pl . 2 , f . 27 ; tl : putnam co . , illinois
dichomeris furia hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 93 , pl . 2 , f . 30 ; tl : putnam co . , illinois
dichomeris baxa hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 105 , pl . 3 , f . 10 ; tl : presidio of monterey , california
dichomeris cinnamicostella ; walsingham , 1911 , biol . centr . - amer . lep . heterocera 4 : 103 ; [ nhm card ] ; [ sangmi lee & richard brown ]
dichomeris costalis busck , 1914 ; proc . u . s . nat . mus . 47 ( 2043 ) : 18 ; tl : tabogilla i . and porto bello , panama
dichomeris habrochitona walsingham , 1911 ; biol . centr . - amer . lep . heterocera 4 : 102 , pl . 3 , f . 26 ; tl : panama , tabernilla
dichomeris quercicola ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 30 ; ponomarenko , 1998 , far east . ent . 67 : 13
dichomeris carycina ; hodges , 1986 , moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 43 ( note ) ; [ nhm card ] ; [ sangmi lee & richard brown ]
dichomeris caryophragma ; hodges , 1986 , moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 43 ( note ) ; [ nhm card ] ; [ sangmi lee & richard brown ]
dichomeris diacnista ; hodges , 1986 , moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 43 ( note ) ; [ nhm card ] ; [ sangmi lee & richard brown ]
dichomeris lypetica ; [ nhm card ] ; hodges , 1986 , moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 54 ( note ) ; [ sangmi lee & richard brown ]
dichomeris tactica ; [ nhm card ] ; hodges , 1986 , moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 60 ( note ) ; [ sangmi lee & richard brown ]
dichomeris latescens ; hodges , 1986 , moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 63 ( note ) ; [ nhm card ] ; [ sangmi lee & richard brown ]
dichomeris siren hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 64 , pl . 4 , f . 9 ; tl : henson creek , oxon hill , maryland
dichomeris vindex hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 83 , pl . 2 , f . 9 - 10 ; tl : putnam co . , illinois
dichomeris gleba hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 87 , pl . 2 , f . 18 - 20 ; tl : putnam co . , illinois
dichomeris legnotoa hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 101 , pl . 4 , f . 10 ; tl : largo , pinellas co . , florida
dichomeris mimesis hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 101 , pl . 2 , f . 39 ; tl : salmon , anderson co . , texas
dichomeris simulata hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 104 , pl . 3 , f . 4 ; tl : canadian , hemphill co . , texas
dichomeris percnopolis walsingham , 1911 ; biol . centr . - amer . lep . heterocera 4 : 93 , pl . 3 , f . 11 ; tl : guatemala , zapote , 2000ft
dichomeris renascens walsingham , 1911 ; biol . centr . - amer . lep . heterocera 4 : 96 , pl . 3 , f . 14 ; tl : mexico , tabasco , teapa
dichomeris xuthostola walsingham , 1911 ; biol . centr . - amer . lep . heterocera 4 : 101 , pl . 3 , f . 18 ; tl : mexico , tabasco , teapa
dichomeris sylphe hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 58 , pl . 1 , f . 22 ; tl : archbold biological staion , lake placid , florida
dichomeris ardelia hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 62 , pl . 4 , f . 8 ; tl : archbold biological station , lake placid , florida
dichomeris kimballi hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 71 , pl . 1 , f . 30 ; tl : archbold biological staion , lake placid , florida
dichomeris aglaia hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 85 , pl . 2 , f . 15 ; tl : lake placid , florida , archbold biological station
dichomeris anisacuminata ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 14 ; li , zhen , kendrick & sterling , 2010 , shilap revta lepid . 38 ( 149 ) : 74
dichomeris argigastra walsingham , 1911 ; biol . centr . - amer . lep . heterocera 4 : 99 , pl . 3 , f . 16 ; tl : mexico , vera cruz , atoyac
dichomeris autometra ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 15 ; park & hodges , 1995 , insecta koreana 12 : ( 1 - 101 )
dichomeris crambaleas ; [ nhm card ] ; park & hodges , 1995 , insecta koreana 12 : ( 1 - 101 ) ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 18
dichomeris melanota walsingham , 1911 ; biol . centr . - amer . lep . heterocera 4 : 94 , pl . 3 , f . 13 ; tl : mexico , vera cruz , cordova
dichomeris okadai ; [ nhm card ] ; park & hodges , 1995 , insecta koreana 12 : ( 1 - 101 ) ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 28
dichomeris prensans meyrick , 1922 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1922 : 111 ; tl : brazil , para , parintins , manaos ; peru , iquitos ; british guiana , bartica
dichomeris sciastes walsingham , 1911 ; biol . centr . - amer . lep . heterocera 4 : 90 , pl . 3 , f . 10 ; tl : mexico , vera cruz , atoyac
dichomeris gausapa hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : pl . 1 , f . 8 ; tl : madera canyon , 4880 ' , santa rita mts , arizona
= dichomeris acuminata ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 13 ; [ sangmi lee & richard brown ] ; lee , hodges & brown , 2009 , zootaxa 2231 : 34
dichomeris solatrix hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 48 , pl . 1 , f . 15 ; tl : peña blanca canyon , santa cruz co . arizona
= dichomeris punctidiscella ; hodges , 1986 , moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 56 ; [ nhm card ] ; lee , hodges & brown , 2009 , zootaxa 2231 : 36
dichomeris copa hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 92 , pl . 2 , f . 28 ; tl : snyder heights 1100 ' , ithaca , new york
dichomeris achne hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 87 , pl . 2 , f . 34 ; tl : parker is . , highlands co . , florida
dichomeris euprepes hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 110 , pl . 4 , f . 11 ; tl : big black mnts , letcher co . , kentucky
dichomeris carinella walsingham , 1911 ; biol . centr . - amer . lep . heterocera 4 : 99 , pl . 3 , f . 20 ; tl : mexico , guerrero , amula , 6000ft
dichomeris fuscusitis ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 21 ; zhao , park , bae & li , 2017 , zootaxa 4273 ( 2 ) : ( 216 - 234 )
dichomeris intensa meyrick , 1913 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 22 ( 1 ) : 173 ; tl : maskeliya and puttalam , ceylon ; cuddapah , 4000ft , n . coorg
dichomeris leucostena walsingham , 1911 ; biol . centr . - amer . lep . heterocera 4 : 94 , pl . 3 , f . 12 ; tl : mexico , guerrero , amula , 6000ft
dichomeris blanchardorum hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 43 , pl . 1 , f . 10 - 11 ; tl : laguna atascosa , cameron co . , texas
dichomeris gnoma hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 106 , pl . 3 , f . 11 ; tl : shingle creek road , keremeos , british columbia , canada
dichomeris mercatrix hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 110 , pl . 3 , f . 15 ; tl : mclean bogs reserve , tompkins co . , new york
dichomeris bulawskii ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 16 ; ponomarenko & ueda , 2004 , trans . lepid . soc . japan 55 ( 3 ) : 151 ( note )
dichomeris diva hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 57 , pl . 1 , f . 21 ; tl : 1 mi s patagonia , santa cruz co . , arizona
dichomeris fistuca hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 68 , pl . 1 , f . 25 ; tl : wedge plantation , mccellanville , charleston co . , south carolina
dichomeris atomogypsa ; hodges , 1986 , moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 72 ( note ) ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 15
dichomeris alphito hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 88 , pl . 2 , f . 21 ; tl : madera canyon , 4880 ' , santa rita mts , arizona
dichomeris pelta hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 99 , pl . 2 , f . 36 ; tl : wedge plantation , mcclellanville , charleston co . , south carolina
dichomeris acrochlora ; hodges , 1986 , moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 112 ( note ) ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 12
dichomeris sybilla hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 121 , pl . 3 , f . 24 ; tl : madera canyon , 4880 ' , santa rita mts , arizona
dichomeris evitata walsingham , 1911 ; biol . centr . - amer . lep . heterocera 4 : 99 , pl . 3 , f . 15 ; tl : panama , volcan de chiriqui , 2000 - 3000ft
dichomeris harmonias ; [ nhm card ] ; park , 1991 , ann . hist . - nat . mus . hung . 83 : 121 ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 21
dichomeris xanthoa hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 102 , pl . 3 , f . 2 ; tl : ft . niobrara national wildlife refuge , cherry co . , nebraska
dichomeris bolize hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 100 , pl . 2 , f . 37 ; tl : hackberry lake , valentine national wildlife refuge , cherry co . , nebraska
dichomeris isa hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 103 , pl . 3 , f . 3 ; tl : tenkiller lake , 3 mi w blackgum , sequoyah co . , oklahoma


pernis is a genus of birds in the raptor subfamily perninae .

the genus name is derived from ancient greek pernes περνης , a term used by aristotle for a bird of prey .

it consists of four medium-sized , broad-winged species .

european honey buzzard , pernis apivorus crested honey buzzard , pernis ptilorhynchus barred honey buzzard , pernis celebensis philippine honey buzzard , pernis steerei they breed in temperate and warmer climates of the old world , and are specialist feeders on wasp larvae .

the two temperate species , the european and crested honey buzzards , are migratory .

they breed in woodland , and are often inconspicuous except when displaying .

the members of this genus have plumage which mimics that of juvenile common buzzards or of spizaetus hawk-eagles .

it has been suggested that the similarity has arisen as a partial protection against predation by larger raptors such as goshawks , which may be wary about attacking what appears to be a better-protected species with stronger bill and talons than the honey buzzards actually possess .

pernis ( bird )

flight call of a bird while migrating to s . overhead bird at shuamta - batumi raptor count station 2 . sennheizer me66
jiang , zhang , & pernis , 1992 ; koh et al . , 1992
nobody uploaded sound recordings for oriental honey - buzzard ( pernis ptilorhynchus ) yet .
zeng et al . , 2003 ; valencia et al . , 2007 ; pernis , 2009
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only 95 % sure of id . bird seen poorly . calling from perch in canopy of evergreen forest patch
grey heron fights common buzzard / czapla siwa i myszołów / canon 400mm 5 . 6 canon 7d / bird fight
embed this arkive thumbnail link (
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arkive species - oriental honey - buzzard ( pernis ptilorhyncus )
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urltoken
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arkive species - oriental honey - buzzard ( pernis ptilorhyncus )
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perched bird calling . background insect and airplane noise ( no edited ) . simultaneously recorded by a video . the location is very approximate .
recommended citation birdlife international ( 2018 ) species factsheet : pernis ptilorhynchus . downloaded from urltoken on 09 / 07 / 2018 . recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species : birdlife international ( 2018 ) iucn red list for birds . downloaded from urltoken on 09 / 07 / 2018 .
the bird was flying fast across a large cutting area in the forest , 50 - 100 m up in the air , all the time sounding like this . clear and sunny weather , no wind . the recording has been high pass filtered and some clicks muted .
prior to recording flight display (
butterfly
) over mixed forest . recording : calls when flying towards another ( honey ? ) buzzard . after recording : 9 ( honey ? ) buzzards soaring for several minutes , then one of them ( the displaying bird ? ) heads back to where he started out . not exact location due to conservation .
most likely id where i recorded a breeding pair . the frequency and the decreasing frequency is compatible with this species . the note was shorter than what i recorded ( such as xc381630 ) . could it have been from a juvenile bird ? or it may have been that the lower following note ( as in xc382273 ) was simply inaudible due to the distance . the location is very approximate .
this database contains scientific ( latin ) , estonian and english names of orders , families and species ( also some subspecies ) of the birds of the world . the estonian names are approved by the estonian bird names committee of the estonian ornithological society . work is in progress and at present only one third of all species have fixed estonian synonyms . if more than one synonyms are accepted , less preferred is in brackets . the systematic order , the scientific and english names follow handbook of the birds of the world or howard & moore ( 1991 ) . synonyms from different sources are included . the program allow you to search for names of bird species in estonian , english and latin ( scientific ) . the search term must consist of at least three letters . capitalization is ignored . the presentation of results is in alphabetical order .
long tail , long neck and small head constitutes a characteristic profile . adult males with grey head , females brown . tail pattern is typical , and most obvious on adults : a broad dark terminal band and two or three smaller bands at base . same pattern on flight - feathers . middle of wing quite broad , creating a straight trailing edge when the bird is gliding with half - open wings . wings held in a straight angle with primaries pointing slightly downwards when soaring . tail often fanned and frequently twisted like a kite to adjust position .
the distribution of the oriental honey - buzzard is split into two distinct populations , a northern one which is migratory and comprises the subspecies pernis ptilorhyncus orientalis , and a southern one which is mostly sedentary and comprises the other five subspecies : p . p . ruficollis , p . p . torquatus , p . p . ptilorhyncus , p . p . palawanensis and p . p . philippensis . the northern population breeds during the summer from southern siberia down to northeast china , north korea and japan , but migrates down through the indian subcontinent and southeast asia over winter . the sedentary southern population occurs from north pakistan down through southeast asia as far south as java in indonesia . within the southern population the ranges of the five subspecies vary geographically ( 3 ) .
the bird was found calling and flying , then perched on a tree and continued calling for a minute . it became apparent that the voice was against an intruding mountain hawk - eagle ( nisaetus nipalensis ) . the two birds flew and the mountain hawk - eagle perched on a different tree . the crested honey buzzard soared for a while above the mountain hawk - eagle and continued alarming . the crested honey buzzard then perched on an unseen place and continued calling . the mountain hawk - eagle took flight and the crested honey buzzard followed it . the hawk - eagle flew away . i suspected that there were still nestlings and the parent was aggressive enough . high background sound of cicada and it was a pity that harmonics were masked by the cicada sound . same individual as in xc381630 . the location is very approximate .
there are three estrogenic hormones , estrogen ( e1 ) , estradiol ( e2 ) , and estriol ( e3 ) , with e3 being produced only in pregnancy . as well as being present at high levels in females , estrogens are also present in males , in whom they have widespread effects (
) . estrogens act on intracellular estrogen receptors ( er ) . the best - known ers ( erα and erβ ) belong to the class known as ligand regulated nuclear transcription factors (
) . er are widespread , and have important effects on the growth of cells . erα and erβ are expressed on antigen presenting cells ( apcs ) (
) . such results , however , may not relate to the role of estrogens at physiologic levels . much of what has been observed
is likely to be what occurs in high estrogen states , such as pregnancy , rather than in non - pregnant women .
) . low doses of estrogen , as would occur in non - pregnant women , enhance th1 responses whereas high levels , as would occur in pregnancy , enhance th2 responses . estrogen also influences chemokine production by activated splenocytes (
) . thus enhancement of th2 responses and induction of treg cells by high doses of estrogens could ameliorate th1 - mediated autoimmune diseases . it is thought that the drop in treg activity around the time of menopause is related to estrogen - mediated changes in levels of il - 6 (
there is some evidence that estrogens are more directly involved in autoimmunity . thus , in patients with myasthenia gravis , there is alteration of expression of er in the thymus (
the vast majority of peripheral b and t lymphocytes express a unique form of antigen ( ag ) receptor : immunoglobulin ( ig ) or t - cell receptor ( tcr ) , respectively . this phenomenon , first identified in the mid 1960s by surface membrane analysis of b - lymphocytes using ig - allotype - specific antisera (
) , is termed allelic exclusion . its discovery provided a molecular foundation to the clonal selection concept of acquired immunity—“one lymphocyte , one ag receptor”—formulated earlier on (
alt et al . , 1992 ; bergman , 1999 ; gorman & alt , 1998 ; tonegawa et al . , 1981
) . however , despite undeniable progress and considerable efforts made over half a century , how lymphoid cells truly discriminate individual ig / tcr alleles in order to achieve allelic exclusion still lacks a convincing explanation .
t cells in human ms pathogenesis , new studies emerged that investigated this t cell subset in eae . in one such study , investigators used mbp - mediated eae in c3h mice and showed that cd8
) . of even greater importance , authors found that the mice in this study had brisk reflexes , spasticity and ataxia , symptoms that are more closely related to human ms than traditional eae . almost contemporary , a different group showed that severe eae disease can be induced following adoptive transfer of mog
) . subsequently , ford et al . tested a series of truncated mog peptides and identified that the minimal epitope recognized by cd8
) . the authors generated transgenic mice in which , under mog promoter , influenza hemagglutinin was selectively expressed only in oligodendrocytes . when preactivated hemagglutinin - specific cd8
t cells were transferred into these mice , they caused inflammation and lesions in the brain , spinal cord , and optic nerve . histologically , the lesions in these mice resembled active human ms lesions that included demyelination , oligodendrocyte loss , microglial activation , and cd8
t cells may lyse oligodendrocyte in vivo . an independent group used different transgenic approach , in which cognate ( self ) antigen is also expressed only in oligodendrocytes . these authors found that myelin - specific cd8
t cells may also have a regulatory role . notably , najafian et al . were the first to describe existence of regulatory cd8
days post mog immunization , led to ameliorated symptoms at the disease peak , and diminished symptoms during the recovery phase . conversely , when cd8
were depleted by anti - cd122 antibody , a prolonged clinical disease was observed . although not too emphasized , an additional observation from this study was that in terms of controlling eae disease , cd8
natural regulatory t cells . a different group identified a new subset of regulatory cd8
- induced eae model . another study confirmed findings by lee at al . that cd8
t cells through direct contact with apcs as well as indirectly , through the release of cytokines such as ifnγ , il - 10 , and tgf - β .
in summary , studies have provided new evidence and insights about both regulatory and pathogenic roles of cd8 + t cells in the eae model of ms .
, and therefore may be hypothesized to play a role in immune diseases other than allergies . in addition to evidence of peripheral basophilia and constitutive th2 skewing of cd4 t cells in lyn ( a tyrosine - protein kinase ) deficient mice [ lyn ( − / − ) mice ] , basophil involvement is also reported in autoimmune urticaria , where autoantibodies to the high affinity receptor fcεriα induce basophil activation (
) . autoimmune urticaria is known to have a th2 component , and the immunomodulatory and effector responses of basophils contribute to the development of autoimmune symptoms . th1 and th2 cell subsets are suggested to be the primary effector cells involved in chronic inflammation in models of multiple sclerosis ( experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis ) , human posterior uveitis ( experimental autoimmune uveitis ) , and rheumatoid arthritis ( murine collagen - induced arthritis ) (
) , which might explain autoimmune diseases such as chronic urticaria . however , increased ige levels are not associated with increased allergic disease in other autoimmune diseases , such as sle (
) , as suggested by the marked humoral response . studies show increased ige and the presence of self - reactive ige in sera from some sle patients , without increases in allergy (
showed that ige immune complexes activate basophils and that removing self - reactive iges forming functional circulating immune complexes prevents renal disease . as circulating ige levels are reduced , omalizumab , a monoclonal antibody binding to human ige and reducing fcεri expression on basophils (
) , may be of therapeutic interest in sle patients with elevated ige levels .
) , with the production of circulating antinuclear and anti - dsdna antibodies , and glomerular damage caused by deposition of circulating immune complexes that may result in renal failure and death . lyn ( − / − ) mice develop early , strong , constitutive th2 skewing and exacerbated responses to th2 challenges (
mice require both basophils and il - 4 , further highlighting the importance of il - 4 - dependent immune modulation by basophils .
therefore , lyn ( − / − ) mice may be a good model to study the effects of the th2 environment on lupus - like nephritis .
have demonstrated that basophils can promote antibody production and aggravate lupus nephritis , and that a th2 phenotype contributes to lupus - like nephritis in lyn ( − / − ) mice and is associated with lupus nephritis in human sle . lupus - like disease in lyn ( − / − ) mice has been related to the presence of il - 4 and ige , whose absence reversed th2 skewing . igg anti - dsdna and anti - nuclear antibody titers and circulating immune complex levels were also reduced in mice deficient for ige and lyn , and il - 4 and lyn , respectively , showing that autoantibody production in lyn ( − / − ) mice was , at least partly , dependent on the th2 environment . therefore , the study showed that basophils contribute to self - reactive antibody production in sle and could enhance pre - existing loss of b cell tolerance . however , the identification of basophils is problematic owing to the lack of specific basophil markers . since basophils may be found together with plasmacytoid dendritic cells in lesional tissues of sle patients , these two cellular types share the same forward and sideward scatter properties in flow cytometry , as remarked by
, who suggested that , due to their similarities , it may be difficult to analyze either cell type separately or to clearly differentiate between the two .
showed that ige - bearing basophils from patients with acpa are activated directly on exposure to citrullinated antigens , probably due to fcεri - bound ige–acpas on basophil surfaces . identification of this activation pathway mediated by ige–acpas in basophils might lead to new therapies for rheumatoid arthritis . basophils should also be assessed in diseases driven by immunoglobulins directed against defined renal structures ( e . g . , anti - glomerular basement membrane disease ) , deposited in the glomeruli ( e . g . , membranous nephropathy ) or driven by systemic vasculitis ( e . g . , anca - associated vasculitis ) , as they may help to generate and maintain high specific immunoglobulin levels and disease progression (
) . dysregulation of igd - mediated basophil activation may contribute to the pathogenesis of autoinflammation .
copyright © 2018 elsevier b . v . or its licensors or contributors . sciencedirect ® is a registered trademark of elsevier b . v .
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urltoken
call an ascending , then descending ;
pjuuuuu
much thinner than buzzards , and with a distinct register break when changing pitch . may be confused with newly fledged buzzard chicks .
biggest woodpecker in wp ( crow size ) . all black with red crown ( male ) or nape ( female ) . unmistakable . flight nutcracker - like ,
inefficient
and fluttering , almost without undulations .
most sounds diagnostic and very far reaching . drumming very powerful and long ( 1 . 8 - 3 sec . ) with slightly falling intensity and accelerated ending . each beat clearly distinguishable as in tree - toed woodpecker , but duration much longer . drumming :
flight call a characteristic resonant trill
krrreekrrreekrrreekrrree
. a characteristic short , sharp and plaintive
keeaaa
with descending pitch often uttered when excited . song a quick series of
klee
calls resembling green woodpecker , but with a purer tone and upward infliction at end of each syllable . a few slower drawn - out introductory calls before the phrase gets going is diagnostic .
hbw alive contains information on descriptive notes , voice , habitat , food and feeding , breeding , movements , status and conservation plus a list of bibliographical references for this species account .
no flash player has been set up . please select a player to play flash videos .
a slow motioned view of an adult arriving to the nest to deliver food ( a wasp ' s nest ) for its almost fully grown chick .
a slow motion view of a chick begging for food , being fed and then a close - up of the chick with the food .
a slow motion view of an adult bringing food to a chick and flying away .
a slow motion view of an adult delivering food to a chick and then moving to a branch nearby and flying away .
josep del hoyo , javier ortas , f . ziesemer - corax , sviridov denis , dario salemi , jmdebruyn , éric roualet , trheijnen , jan . timmer , alain beaufils , e . pelayo , yoël jimenez , alainbfosse .
stanislav harvančík , éric roualet , lior kislev , lars petersson , w . h . schulenburg , holger teichmann , cristiano crolle , paul van giersbergen , josep del hoyo , lmarce , pierandrea brichetti , rastislav petrovič , frédéric pelsy , morten venas , juan josé bazán hiraldo , sergey shursha , adam riley , massimiliano sanfilippo , alainbfosse , alberto soria , fran trabalon , arodris , diatryma , juan gonzalez valdivieso , reneco - uzbekistan , philippe verbelen , tolanger , didier collin , angelos evangelidis , lukasz michal pulawski , buchert , tomas grim , marc fasol , paul cools , jacqueserard , juanjaimemg , gunnar pettersson , david cooper , josé frade , mustafa sozen , mikko pyhälä , dora zarzavatsaki , ciro de simone , behnam , hervé michel .
combined with a declining or fluctuating range size , habitat extent / quality , or population size and a small number of locations or severe fragmentation ) . the population trend appears to be stable , and hence the species does not approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the population trend criterion ( > 30 % decline over 10 years or three generations ) . the population size is very large , and hence does not approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the population size criterion ( < 10 , 000 mature individuals with a continuing decline estimated to be > 10 % in 10 years or three generations , or with a specified population structure ) . for these reasons the species is evaluated as least concern .
during the breeding season , the european honey buzzard lives quite secretly in woodland and hardly ever perches freely on vantage points like the common buzzard . the unusual food for a raptor , mainly social insects , only allows for a short stay of five months in the breeding area . at the end of august , the birds start their 7 , 000 km long migration to their wintering places in the rainforests of africa , whereby concentrations may occur due to topographic barriers and mountain ridges with thermic upwind .
the bar on the top line indicates during which seasons the species can be observed regularly in switzerland . there can be great seasonal fluctuations of numbers . the middle bar indicates the typical migration seasons of a species . the bottom bar indicates the period during which the species normally breeds . as a rule it spans the period from egg - laying to fledging of the young .
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despite superficially resembling a buzzard ( buteo sp . ) , the oriental honey - buzzard , like the european honey - buzzard , is actually a large but slender species of kite . the colour and pattern of its plumage varies extraordinarily across its range with six subspecies differing markedly in appearance ( 3 ) . all the subspecies are generally greyish - brown above and have a grey head , but the colour of the under body ranges from cream to blackish - brown and tends to be either blotched , mottled or streaked ( 2 ) ( 3 ) ( 4 ) . furthermore , the length of the hindcrown feathers varies considerably with some subspecies having a distinct crest . extraordinarily , the distinct plumage of each subspecies closely resembles that of a species of hawk - eagle that overlaps its range . it is argued that this mimicry evolved to prevent the relatively weak honey - buzzard from being attacked by more powerful raptors ( 3 ) .
a vital attribute shared by all honey - buzzards are scale - like feathers around the eyes and forehead which provide armour against the stings of the wasps , bees and hornets it preys upon . in addition , all have feet equipped with relatively straight claws adapted for digging and walking ( 3 ) .
in the northern parts of its range the oriental honey buzzard is typically found in broadleaf and mixed forest , whilst in tropical areas further south it is found in rainforest , open woodland and even small groves near human habitation ( 3 ) .
classified as least concern ( lc ) on the iucn red list ( 1 ) and listed on appendix ii of cites ( 2 ) .
the global population of oriental honey - buzzard , estimated to be between 100 , 000 and 1 , 000 , 000 individuals , is not thought to be under significant threat . consequently the oriental honey buzzard is classified as least concern on the iucn red list ( 1 ) ( 6 ) .
there are no known conservation measures in place for the oriental honey - buzzard but organisations such as the peregrine fund are working to protect other raptors in asia that , unlike the oriental honey - buzzard , have very limited ranges and are vulnerable to extinction ( 7 ) .
this information is awaiting authentication by a species expert , and will be updated as soon as possible . if you are able to help please contact : arkive @ urltoken
incubated the act of keeping eggs warm so that development is possible . subspecies a population usually restricted to a geographical area that differs from other populations of the same species , but not to the extent of being classified as a separate species .
robson , c . ( 2000 ) new holland field guide to the birds of south - east asia . new holland publishers , united kingdom .
ferguson - lees , j . and christie , d . a . ( 2001 ) raptors of the world . christopher helm , london .
strange , m . ( 2003 ) a photographic guide to the birds of indonesia . princeton university press , princeton , new jersey .
shrestha , t . k . ( 2001 ) birds of nepal volume ii : field ecology , natural history and conservation . bimala shrestha , kathmandu .
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the oriental honey - buzzard loves to eat pupae . he is not afraid a lot of bees ' attack .
josep del hoyo , mkennewell , ron hoff , yoël jimenez , ram gopal soni , alok tewari , desmond allen , manakincarmelo , kun chin chung , daniêl jimenez , eldert groenewoud , keith blomerley .
vasanthan . p . j , tom backlund , jeel bharat patel , josep del hoyo , gilgit2 , philippe verbelen , shantilal varu , omar alshaheen , athula edirisinghe , holger teichmann , alok tewari , morten venas , lars petersson , stanislav harvančík , frédéric pelsy , cedric mroczko , j . m . garg , ram gopal soni , sgbhagwat , david cooper , marco valentini , rosa shieh , jayant atrey , manakincarmelo , colintrainor , soumyadeep chatterjee 97 , ahmet karataş , khaleb yordan , asmanadi , wizisk , daniel hinckley , jugal tiwari , bluesrock , william ip , liam hughes , mayur patel , tauscher gerhard , mohamed samsoor ali , romuald mikusek , jens thalund , chairunas adha putra , markus lilje , khamikaze , lior kislev , paul van giersbergen , drpankajmaheria , nikhil adhikary , dubi shapiro , guy poisson , manish panchal , bent . ronsholdt , ragoo rao , jacqueserard , lmarce .
british ornithologists ' union checklist ( 7th edition , incl . jan 2009 suppl . ) :
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distantly soaring male . high background cicada . same individual as in xc382273 . likely the same individual as in xc381427 . the location is very approximate .
voice during soaring . high cicada background . same individual as in xc381427 . the location is very approximate .
distantly soaring male . high background cicada . likely the same individual as in xc381427 . the location is very approximate .
sonogram images © xeno - canto foundation . sonogram images share the same license terms as the recording they depict .
soaring over mixed forest , finally gliding away . late morning , windy , mix of clouds and sun . not exact location due to conservation .
the female has landed on the empty nest with prey in its talons . she calls for her fledglings . a begging juvenile tries to land on the nest but fails ( 0 : 18 - 0 : 22 ) . audio track extracted from a nest camera video clip , not edited .


olrog 's four-eyed opossum ( philander olrogi ) is a south american species of opossum found in eastern bolivia , first described in 2008 based on specimens collected in 1974 .

it inhabits the lowland amazon rainforest , with an elevation range of 150 to 250 m .

the species is named after swedish-argentine biologist claes c. olrog .

it is sympatric with p. opossum , which it resembles .

the two species differ in several ways , such as ventral fur color and condition of the zygomatic arch .

olrog ' s four - eyed opossum

provided to youtube by tunecore olrog ' s four - eyed opossum · microgiant jaminalz jamz ( n - z ) ℗ 2016 wild frontier records released on : 2016 - 06 - 03 auto - generated by youtube .
) is restricted to the western amazon basin of peru and brazil and occurs together with the gray four - eyed opossum . the
these seven species are similar in size ; adults vary from 40 to 80 cm ( 16 to 32 inches ) in total length and weigh up to 700 grams ( 1 . 5 pounds ) . the tail , slightly longer than the head and body , is black over the basal half to two - thirds of its length ; though covered in short hair , the tail appears naked except for the extension of body hair onto the basal 5–6 cm ( 2–2 . 5 inches ) . obvious differences between species are mainly in the proportions of the skull and the colour and length of the fur . the gray and southeastern four - eyed opossums usually have dark faces and pale gray bodies ; black species have dark brown to black fur , short in anderson’s four - eyed opossum and long ( especially along the back and at the base of the tail ) in mcilhenny’s four - eyed opossum .
nocturnal , mainly terrestrial , usually solitary , and omnivorous , four - eyed opossums consume a wide variety of fruits , birds , reptiles , amphibians , small mammals , and insects and other invertebrates , as well as carrion . females have five to nine teats in a well - developed pouch ( marsupium ) . litter sizes from two to seven are known , and the gray four - eyed opossum has at least two litters a year .
marsupial , any of more than 250 species belonging to the infraclass metatheria ( sometimes called marsupialia ) , a mammalian group characterized by premature birth and continued development of the newborn while attached to the nipples on the mother’s lower belly . the pouch—or marsupium , from which the group takes its name—is a flap…
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flores , d . , barquez , r . and díaz , m . 2008 . a new species of philander brisson , 1762 ( didelphimorphia , didelphidae ) . mammalian biology 73 : 14 - 24 .
philander olrogi was recently described based in few specimens collected in 1974 in beni and santa cruz deparment in bolivia , and in loreto , peru ( flores et al . 2008 ) .
justification : this species is assessed as data deficient since , because there are very few records , and little is known about its status and habitat requirements . this species is suspected to be threatened by loss of habitat in bolivia , however , the degree to which is uncertain . further research is necessary to determine theirs present - day existence and the impact of the numerous possible threats .
2008 ) . altitude range between 150 - 250 m ( rocha and rumiz 2010 ) .
it is likely that the expansion of agriculture is causing habitat loss in lowland forests of bolivia .
it probably occurs in parque nacional carrasco and parque nacional amboro , but at the moment it was not collected in those protected areas in bolivia . it was categorized as data deficient in a recent evaluation in the libro rojo de la fauna silvestre de vertebrados de bolivia ( tarifa and aguirre 2009 ) .
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( family didelphidae , subfamily didelphinae ) that get their name from the white to cream - coloured spot above each eye . the
) is the most widespread , occurring from mexico to bolivia and brazil . the
orinoco river , major river of south america that flows in a giant arc for some 1 , 700 miles ( 2 , 740 km ) from its source in the guiana highlands to its mouth on the atlantic ocean . throughout most of its course it flows through venezuela , except for a section that…
omnivore , animal with wide food preferences , which can eat both plant and animal matter . many small birds and mammals are omnivorous ; deer mice and mockingbirds have diets that at different times may include a preponderance of insects or berries . many animals generally considered carnivores are actually omnivorous , among them the…
invertebrate , any animal that lacks a vertebral column , or backbone , in contrast to the cartilaginous or bony vertebrates . more than 90 percent of all living animal species are invertebrates . worldwide in distribution , they include animals as diverse as sea stars , sea urchins , earthworms , sponges , jellyfish , lobsters , crabs , insects , spiders , snails , …
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aroga alleriella is a moth of the family gelechiidae .

it is found in north america , where it has been recorded from alabama and florida .

the wingspan is 17 – 22 mm .

the forewings are black with white markings .

there is a white costal streak , outwardly oblique from before the basal fourth , reaching to the fold and a smaller inwardly oblique costal streak at the apical fourth with a similar white dorsal streak opposite to it .

a short longitudinal white spot is found on the middle of the cell and there is a minute white dot on the middle of the fold and a few white scales at the apex .

the larvae feed on polygonum maritunum .

aroga alleriella

aroga alleriella busck , 1940 ; bull . s . calif . acad . sci . 39 ( 2 ) : 89 ; tl : alabama , mobile
aroga temporariella sattler , 1960 ; rev . fr . ent . 27 : 236
aroga mesostrota ; park , 1991 , ann . hist . - nat . mus . hung . 83 : 120
aroga argutiola hodges , 1974 ; can . ent . 106 ( 9 ) : 987 ; tl : michigan , alcona co .
aroga atraphaxi bidzilya , 2009 ; shilap revta lepid . 37 ( 147 ) : 301 ; tl : tadzhikistan , kondara , 1100m
aroga panchuli bidzilya , 2009 ; shilap revta lepid . 37 ( 147 ) : 302 ; tl : tadzhikistan , kondara , 1400m
aroga balcanicola huemer & karsholt , 1999 ; microlep . europe 3 : 160 , 32 ; tl : maced . occ . drenovo bei kavadar
aroga mesostrepta ; [ nhm card ] ; bae , lee & park , 2014 , ent . res . 44 : 19 ( list )
aroga controvalva li & zheng , 1998 ; acta ent . sinica 41 ( 1 ) : 87 , 89 ; tl : chengcheng , shaanxi , 1000m
aroga danfengensis li & zheng , 1998 ; acta ent . sinica 41 ( 1 ) : 85 , 89 ; tl : danfeng , shaanxi , 680m
aroga gozmanyi park , 1991 ; ann . hist . - nat . mus . hung . 83 : 117 ; tl : mt kumgang , kangweon prov . , korea
aroga epigaeella ; [ nacl ] , # 2189 ( rev . stat . ) ; [ nhm card ] ; lee , hodges & brown , 2009 , zootaxa 2231 : 21
aroga flavicomella ; [ nhm card ] ; park & ponomarenko , 2006 , shilap revta . lepid . 34 ( 135 ) : 280 ; [ me3 ] , 157 , 32 ; [ fe ]
aroga websteri clarke , 1942 ; proc . u . s . nat . mus . 92 ( 3149 ) : 273 , pl . 29 , f . 5 - 5c , pl . 32 , f . 15 ; tl : pullman , washington
gelechia acharnaea meyrick , 1927 ; exot . microlep . 3 ( 11 ) : 348 ; tl : texas , alpine , 7000ft
seu , turkey , urals , iran , turkmenia , . . . . see [ maps ]
larva on atraphaxis pyrifolia bidzilya , 2009 , shilap revta lepid . 37 ( 147 ) : 302
gelechia camptogramma meyrick , 1931 ; exotic microlep . 4 ( 2 - 4 ) : 58
gelechia chlorocrana meyrick , 1931 ; exotic microlep . 4 ( 11 ) : 348 ; tl : texas , forestburg
gelechia eldorada keifer , 1936 ; calif . dept . agric . , bull . 25 : 240
= gelechia trialbamaculella ; busck , 1903 , proc . u . s . nat . mus . 25 ( 1304 ) : 858
gelechia eriogonella clarke , 1935 ; can . ent . 67 : 247 ; tl : washington , whitman co . , pullman
korea , seu , s . russia , irkutsk , buryatia , kazakhstan . see [ maps ]
larva on prunus spp . , p . spinosa , p . domestica , p . cerasus [ me3 ] , 158
gelechia leucanieella busck , 1910 ; proc . ent . soc . wash . 11 ( 4 ) : 180 ; tl : san diego , california
gelechia morenella busck , 1908 ; ent . news 19 ( 7 ) : 317 ; tl : morena and pine valley , san diego , california
larva on atraphaxis pyrifolia bidzilya , 2009 , shilap revta lepid . 37 ( 147 ) : 303
gelechia paraplutella busck , 1910 ; proc . ent . soc . wash . 11 ( 4 ) : 181 ; tl : san diego , california
gelechia paulella busck , 1903 ; proc . u . s . nat . mus . 25 ( 1304 ) : 865 ; tl : arizona ; colorado
gelechia rigidae clarke , 1935 ; can . ent . 67 : 249 ; tl : washington , whitman co . , rock lake
gelechia trialbamaculella chambers , 1875 ; cincinnati q . j . sci . 2 ( 3 ) : 250
gelechia unifasciella busck , 1903 ; proc . u . s . nat . mus . 25 ( 1304 ) : 865 ; tl : arizona , williams
gelechia xyloglypta meyrick , 1923 ; exot . microlep . 3 ( 1 - 2 ) : 22 ; tl : california , venice
[ afromoths ] de prins , j . & de prins , w . , 2013
sangmi lee , richard brown & sibyl bucheli . gelechioidea - a global framework ;
[ maps ] warning ! the maps are automatically generated from the textual information , and the process does not always produce acceptable result ; see about maps for more info .
expedition of the california academy of sciences to the gulf of california in 1921 . the tineid moths
studien über die lepidopterenfauna der balkanländer . iii . teil . sammelergebnisse aus montenegro , albanien , mazedonien und thrazien
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to cite this page : myers , p . , r . espinosa , c . s . parr , t . jones , g . s . hammond , and t . a . dewey . 2018 . the animal diversity web ( online ) . accessed at https : / / animaldiversity . org .
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regions of the russian federation : the volga - don , the european central black earth , the european central european south taiga , trans - baikal , of baikal , pribaikalskiy , mid - volzhsky , south ural .
austria , bulgaria , hungary , germany , spain ( mainland ) , italy ( mainland ) , macedonia , poland , russia , romania , sicily , slovakia , ukraine , france ( mainland ) , czech republic , switzerland .
[ 10 ] de jong , y . s . d . m . ( ed . ) ( 2011 ) fauna europaea version 2 . 4 ( faunaeur . org )
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curators : konstantin efetov , vasiliy feoktistov , svyatoslav knyazev , evgeny komarov , stan korb , alexander zhakov .
species catalog enables to sort by characteristics such as expansion , flight time , etc . .