the sichuan jay ( perisoreus internigrans ) is a species of bird in the family corvidae .

it is endemic to china .

it is one of three members of the genus perisoreus , the others being the siberian jay , p. infaustus , found from norway to eastern russia , and the gray jay , p. canadensis , restricted to the boreal forest and western montane regions of north america .

all three species store food and live year-round on permanent territories in coniferous forests .

its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests .

it is threatened by habitat loss .

sichuan jay

email jay at jay . rayner @ urltoken or f ollow him on twitter @ jayrayner1
information on the sichuan jay is currently being researched and written and will appear here shortly .
the special fish dish at the sichuan is a masterpiece . but beware , says jay , it’s not for those who are shy of chilli
embed this arkive thumbnail link (
portlet
) by copying and pasting the code below . < a href =
urltoken
title =
arkive species - sichuan jay ( perisoreus internigrans )
> < img src =
urltoken
alt =
arkive species - sichuan jay ( perisoreus internigrans )
title =
arkive species - sichuan jay ( perisoreus internigrans )
border =
0
/ > < / a >
30 cm . medium - sized , drab , sooty - grey jay . bill rather short and stout , head darker than body .
this jay qualifies as vulnerable because it has a small , declining , severely fragmented population as a result of extensive deforestation throughout its range .
‘a place where you will only ever concentrate on lunch’ : the sichuan . photograph : katherine anne rose for the observer
the sichuan , 14 city road , london ec1y 2aa ( 020 7588 5489 ) . meal for two , including drinks and service : £75
contain suitable habitat , but the species ' s distribution and abundance in these is poorly known . it has only been recorded from one protected area , jiuzhaigou nature reserve in sichuan . this has an area of 200 km
the main threat is likely to be the loss and fragmentation of forest , including substantial areas of the upper temperate and subalpine zone forests in sichuan , through logging for timber , tourist development , forest fires and conversion to agriculture and pasture ( s . francis
and then there’s the grilled fish at the sichuan , a new chinese restaurant located on an unlikely stretch of london’s city road just down from old street roundabout . that fish is not something merely to be eaten . it’s a drama full of character and plot twists . it’s an experience to be interrogated , after the fact , by those who were there . as far as i’m concerned there are now only two sorts of people : those who have shared the grilled fish special at the sichuan and those who have not .
, where it is known from eastern tibet , south - east qinghai , southern gansu and western sichuan ( birdlife international 2001 ) . most records have involved a small number of individuals and it has been described as rare . given the relatively small number of documented localities and its apparently low population density , it could have a small population , which is likely to be declining .
no , it couldn’t . the sichuan grilled fish special takes commitment . like getting a taste for booze in adolescence , you really do have to stay with it . quickly the numbing passed and the flavours opened up : the pearly flesh of the sea bass , the skin smeared with the savoury bash of the bean paste , the crunch of the peanuts , the quiver of the fungus . this isn’t a dish you eat so much as explore in pursuit of the undiscovered country . it’s an edible rock pool . it’s a moment . i can guarantee you will return to the memory with whomsoever you share it . do you remember that time we had the grilled fish at the sichuan ? the look on your face ? the skin ? the way the peanuts and the black ear fungus and the chillies got wrapped up in each other like lovers ? well of course you do .
all of which added to the shock of the first mouthfuls . it looked luscious and savoury . instead we got a thump of chilli but , more insistently , of numbing sichuan peppercorns . they made my lips vibrate and fizz . saliva production went into overdrive . this wasn’t just a taste . it was a total physiological response . i blinked , swallowed , swallowed again and thought about calling for my mum . but she’s dead and would , in any case , have told me not to be such a bloody wuss . so i pushed on . surely something that looked as deep and intense as this couldn’t be just a brutal punch in the mouth , could it ?
after hutong , the sichuan must feel like a relief – a place where you will only ever concentrate on lunch . it’s a high - ceilinged room , with a bit of distressed brickwork and , out back , the view of trees . finding a chinese restaurant here is not especially odd . they even have them in nuneaton these days . finding a good one , however , is strange . likewise , while a significant chinese clientele does not necessarily mean quality – even wong kei has one of those – it’s still intriguing that they’ve already arrived here . it’s the kind of place where bankers could gather , unwatched , to plot ripping off their clients , because none of their colleagues would ever dream of booking a table .
none of this should come as a huge surprise . the chef , zhang xiao zhong , has form . we are not used to following chinese chefs from gig to gig as we do those from france or italy or spain , but he deserves to be followed . zhang was one of those who opened bar shu in soho a decade ago . it wasn’t the first restaurant to serve sichuan food in britain , but it was the first to make a noise about doing so . after that he went to hutong , 40 floors up in the shard , a place where the view of the food was obscured by the general view ; my main memory of hutong was the floor - to - ceiling windows in the men’s loos , against which the urinals had been built , so you got to piss on the city .
html public
- / / w3c / / dtd xhtml 1 . 0 strict / / en
urltoken
thank you for taking the time to provide feedback on the iucn red list of threatened species website , we are grateful for your input .
del hoyo , j . , collar , n . j . , christie , d . a . , elliott , a . , fishpool , l . d . c . , boesman , p . and kirwan , g . m . 2016 . hbw and birdlife international illustrated checklist of the birds of the world . volume 2 : passerines . lynx edicions and birdlife international , barcelona , spain and cambridge , uk .
the population is estimated to number 2 , 500 - 9 , 999 mature individuals based on an assessment of known records , descriptions of abundance and range size . this is consistent with recorded population density estimates for congeners or close relatives with a similar body size , and the fact that only a proportion of the estimated extent of occurrence is likely to be occupied . this estimate is equivalent to 3 , 750 - 14 , 999 individuals , rounded here to 3 , 500 - 15 , 000 individuals . trend justification : this species is suspected to be declining at a moderate rate , owing to forest loss within its range . it also appears to be showing signs of susceptibility to climate change and may respond negatively to future impacts .
it appears to favour high - altitude ( 3 , 000 - 4 , 270 m ) , dry coniferous forest of mature spruce , and mixed fir and rhododendron forest , often with a poorly developed understorey . it forms small flocks in autumn , usually of five or six birds , but sometimes more than 10 , and feeds on invertebrates and fruit . it breeds very early , with clutch completion estimated to occur in march or april ( yu jing
2016 ) . climate change may also have an effect on this species ( s . francis
, where the natural habitats are apparently in excellent condition , but are under pressure from large - scale tourism . the species was the focus of a study in jone ( zhouni ) county , gansu in 1999 - 2002 ( yu
research its habitat requirements and altitudinal range . study its population status and survey protected areas in or near its known range . support recommendations to control logging , control fire and restore damaged giant panda habitat where this would benefit this species and other endemic temperate forest bird species . where re - planting occurs in logged areas , make sure suitable species are planted ( s . francis
2016 ) . strengthen protection and control tourism at jiuzhaigou nature reserve and link it to other important protected areas in the min shan . list it as
edited threats and conservation actions information text , and added a reference . also added a contributor and a facilitator / compiler .
( amended version of 2016 assessment ) . the iucn red list of threatened species 2017 : e . t22705778a116813416 .
to make use of this information , please check the < terms of use > .
hbw alive contains information on descriptive notes , voice , habitat , food and feeding , breeding , movements , status and conservation plus a list of bibliographical references for this species account .
no flash player has been set up . please select a player to play flash videos .
classified as vulnerable ( vu ) on the iucn red list ( 1 ) .
this information is awaiting authentication by a species expert , and will be updated as soon as possible . if you are able to help please contact : arkive @ urltoken
flpa - images of nature pages green house wetheringsett stowmarket suffolk ip14 5qa united kingdom tel : + 44 ( 0 ) 1728 861 113 fax : + 44 ( 0 ) 1728 860 222 pictures @ urltoken http : / / www . urltoken
terms of use - the displayed portlet may be used as a link from your website to arkive ' s online content for private , scientific , conservation or educational purposes only . it may not be used within apps .
myarkive offers the scrapbook feature to signed - up members , allowing you to organize your favourite arkive images and videos and share them with friends .
team wild , an elite squadron of science superheroes , needs your help ! your mission : protect and conserve the planetâ€™s species and habitats from destruction .
this species is affected by global climate change . to learn about climate change and the species that are affected , visit our climate change pages .
wildscreen is a registered charity in england and wales no . 299450 wildscreen usa is a registered 501 ( c ) ( 3 ) non - profit organisation in the usa
recommended citation birdlife international ( 2018 ) species factsheet : perisoreus internigrans . downloaded from urltoken on 09 / 07 / 2018 . recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species : birdlife international ( 2018 ) iucn red list for birds . downloaded from urltoken on 09 / 07 / 2018 .
a member of the group of four birds that included xc161182 . calls at the beginning are followed by what seems to be a song at 0 : 54 ( 54 sec ) . also at 1 : 48 .
previously published on avocet as av5405 . certainty : 100 % . id determined by : not specifically indicated ; recordist normally sees birds recorded and indicates if any question ; matches xc 23365 . gps : xeno - canto . habitat : in spruce forest .
previously published on avocet as av5404 . certainty : 100 % . id determined by : not specifically indicated ; recordist normally sees birds recorded and indicates if any question ; some notes match xc 23365 . gps : xeno - canto . habitat : in spruce forest .
previously published on avocet as av5403 . certainty : 100 % . id determined by : not specifically indicated ; recordist normally sees birds recorded and indicates if any question ; matches xc 23365 . gps : xeno - canto . habitat : in tall spruce forest .
sonogram images © xeno - canto foundation . sonogram images share the same license terms as the recording they depict .
some communal restaurant dishes are more communal than others . most of the time we thrill to the novelty of something served as it would be at home – oh look ! a chicken ! – take our share , and then retreat back to that emotional place labelled “mine ! ”
feel the burn : the unforgettable grilled fish special . photograph : katherine anne rose for the observer
what arrived was a three - dimensional still life . inside a deep oven dish , submerged in a liquor the colour of a 2p piece , lay a hint of fish . at one end was the wave of a tail , at the other , the gawp of a mouth . it took us a while to work out that the bit in between had been opened out to flat before being grilled to a crisp and then smeared with a salted soya bean and chilli paste . piled on top and bobbing in the liquor were peanuts and shredded spring onions , handfuls of dried red chillies , slices of bamboo shoot and the encouraging greenery of that broccoli . all it needed to complete the pastoral image was a dragonfly with iridescent wings buzzing from leaf to leaf .
this isn’t a dish you eat so much as explore . it’s an edible rock pool . it’s a moment…
‘a brisk wake - up’ : a salad of black ear fungus . photograph : katherine anne rose for the observer
the cooking is bold and serious . a salad of black ear fungus with chilli , vinegar , sesame oil and soy is a brisk wake - up . it swiftly starts the appetite’s engine . another cold dish of roasted and chopped aubergine , the slippery pieces tangled in each other and dressed with sesame seeds , has an equally invigorating acidity . we fall in love quickly with slices of beef fried with cumin and coated in a dark sauce , shouty with umami and fire , and another dish of “fish - fragrant” stir - fried shredded pork with cucumber , more black ear fungus and bamboo shoots .
‘invigorating acidity’ : roasted and chopped aubergine . photograph : katherine anne rose for the observer
the latter two are slightly sweeter than i recall the food being at bar shu , but not unattractively so . i do not intend to order rice , what with carbs being the enemy and all , but letting such sauces go would be criminal . prices are occasionally the same as at bar shu , but for the most part cheaper , and in many places significantly so . but that’s not what you’ll talk about if you eat here . what you’ll talk about is that whole grilled fish . if you have any sense .
■ last autumn i proved my incompetence by visiting the glorious east pier smokehouse at st monan’s in fife on the last day of its 2015 season . i’m delighted to report it’s now back open , wednesday to sunday from 11am to 5pm . it goes to seven - day opening , with dinner on saturday and sunday , from june . go for hot smoked sea bass , smoked fish curry and the best of the catch at startling prices ( urltoken ) .
■ news of another great collaboration : on 28 june raymond blanc will be cooking alongside his protégé ollie dabbous at the latter’s london restaurant . both will be cooking two courses using ingredients from le manoir’s kitchen garden . tickets are £120 ( urltoken ) .
■ london’s borough market has launched its talks series , which this year range from an investigation of our food choices , through the secrets of a successful food start up , to a discussion panel on what has driven britain’s food revolution . the panel includes sybil kapoor , isaac mchale and , er , me ( urltoken ) .
© 2018 guardian news and media limited or its affiliated companies . all rights reserved .
all ranks domain kingdom subkingdom phylum subphylum superclass class subclass infraclass superorder order suborder infraorder superfamily family subfamily tribe subtribe genus subgenus species subspecies variety group ( polytypic ) group ( monotypic ) species split life sp . ssp . intra - specific hybrid interspecific hybrid intergeneric hybrid species pair
all records ( accepted , rejected , pending ) . to filter / search please enter a phrase . e . g . to filter rejected records , type rejected into the search box , all columns can be filtered .
have you seen something interesting ? click submit to share your rare bird sightings via our simple form .
© 2018 birdguides , warners group publications plc . all rights reserved . company registered in england no . 2572212 | vat registration no . gb 638 3492 15
this page was last edited on 12 january 2017 , at 02 : 42 .
text is available under the creative commons attribution - sharealike license ; additional terms may apply . by using this site , you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy .
we noticed that you ' re using an unsupported browser . the tripadvisor website may not display properly . we support the following browsers :
alpinebirding is a registered local birding company based in chengdu of china , we provide professional birding services to people ranging from one day birding tour in major cities in china to longer and more demanding birding trips for avid birders with our expertise , passion and knowledge .
* tripadvisor llc is not a booking agent and does not charge any service fees to users of our site . . . (
tripadvisor llc is not responsible for content on external web sites . taxes , fees not included for deals content .


the chitonophilidae are a family of parasitic copepods , with these genera : chitonophilus avdeev & sirenko , 1991 cocculinika jones & marshall , 1986 cookoides avdeev & sirenko , 1994 ischnochitonika franz & bullock , 1990 lepetellicola huys , lopez-gonzalez , roldan & luque , 2002 leptochitonicola avdeev & sirenko , 1991 leptochitonoides avdeev & sirenko , 2005 nucellicola lamb , boxshall , mill & grahame , 1996 tesonesma avdeev & sirenko , 1994

chitonophilidae

[ new and recognized species of copepods ( chitonophilidae ) - - parasites of chitons of northern pacific ] .
[ new and recognized species of copepods ( chitonophilidae ) - - parasites of chitons of northern pacific ] . - pubmed - ncbi
walter , t . c . & boxshall , g . ( 2018 ) . world of copepods database . chitonophilidae avdeev & sirenko , 1991 . accessed at : urltoken ; = 345995 on 2018 - 07 - 09
walter , t . c . & boxshall , g . ( 2018 ) . world of copepods database . chitonophilidae avdeev & sirenko , 1991 . accessed through : world register of marine species at : urltoken ; = 345995 on 2018 - 07 - 09
avdeev , g . v . & b . i . sirenko . ( 1991 ) . chitonophilidae fam . n . , a new family of parasitic copepods from the chitons of the north - western pacific . parazitologiya 25 ( 4 ) : 370 - 374 . [ details ]
( of nucellicolidae lamb , boxshall , mill & grahame , 1996 ) lamb , e . j . , g . a . boxshall , p . j . mill & j . grahame . ( 1996 ) . nucellicolidae : a new family of endoparasitic copepods ( poecilostomatoida ) from the dog whelk nucella lapillus ( gastropoda ) . journal of crustacean biology 16 ( 1 ) : 142 - 148 . ( ii - 1996 ) [ details ]
( of nucellicolidae lamb , boxshall , mill & grahame , 1996 ) boxshall , g . ( 2001 ) . copepoda ( excl . harpacticoida ) , in : costello , m . j . et al . ( ed . ) ( 2001 ) . european register of marine species : a check - list of the marine species in europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification . collection patrimoines naturels , 50 : pp . 252 - 268 ( look up in imis ) [ details ]
( of nucellicolidae lamb , boxshall , mill & grahame , 1996 ) martin , j . w . , & davis , g . e . ( 2001 ) . an updated classification of the recent crustacea . science series , 39 . natural history museum of los angeles county . los angeles , ca ( usa ) . 124 pp . ( look up in imis ) [ details ] available for editors [ request ]
html public
- / / w3c / / dtd html 4 . 01 transitional / / en
urltoken
( of nucellicolidae lamb , boxshall , mill & grahame , 1996 ) martin , j . w . , & davis , g . e . ( 2001 ) . an updated classification of the recent crustacea . science series , 39 . natural history museum of los angeles county . los angeles , ca ( usa ) . 124 pp . ( look up in imis ) [ details ] available for editors
html public
- / / w3c / / dtd html 4 . 01 transitional / / en
urltoken
disclaimer : itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available , and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties . however , it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes . while every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and up - to - date information available , ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in provisions of treaties to which the united states is a party , wildlife statutes , regulations , and any applicable notices that have been published in the federal register . for further information on u . s . legal requirements with respect to protected taxa , please contact the u . s . fish and wildlife service .
html public
- / / w3c / / dtd xhtml 1 . 0 transitional / / en
urltoken
warning : the ncbi web site requires javascript to function . more . . .
descriptions and figures of the following new and recognized species of copepods parasitizing chitons are given : leptochitonicola sphaerica sp . n . from leptochiton rugatus ( carpenter in pilsbry , 1892 ) from the sea of japan , leptochitonicola intermedia sp . n . from leptochiton sp . from off eastern kamchatka , l . hanleyellai sp . n . from hanleyella asiatica sirenko , 1973 from near commanders islands , leptochitonicola attenuata sp . n . from leptochiton cf . rugatus from near the bering sea coast of bering island , ischnochitonika kurochkini sp . n . on lepidozona multigranosa sirenko , 1975 , l . kobjakovae kobjakovae ( jakovleva , 1952 ) and l . albrechti ( schrenck , 1863 ) all from the sea of japan and okhotsk sea , ischnochitonica aleutica sp . n . on leptochiton cf . belknapi from near the aleutian islands and from kronotsky bay , and leptochitonoides vitiasi gen . et sp . n . from leptochiton cf . belknapi from near prince wales island . ischnochitonica lasalliana franz et bullock , 1990 and i . japonica nagasawa et al . , 1991 are redescribed , new hosts and localities are given . new data on other chitonophilids are reported including recognized species . the amended diagnoses of the genera ischnochitonika franz et bullock , 1990 and leptochitonicola avdeev et sirenko , 1991 are provided .
eol content is automatically assembled from many different content providers . as a result , from time to time you may find pages on eol that are confusing .
to request an improvement , please leave a comment on the page . thank you !
if you have images for this taxon that you would like to share with nbn atlas , please upload using the upload tools .


gnorimoschema ligulatum is a moth in the gelechiidae family .

it was described by povolný in 1998 .

it is found in north america , where it has been recorded from yukon and alberta .

the length of the forewings is about 8.2 mm .

the forewings are covered by dense blackish scales irregularly mixed with groups of cinereous scales , concentrated around the deep black stigmata and at the apex .

the hindwings are grey with a paler base .

gnorimoschema ligulatum

have a fact about gnorimoschema ligulatum ? write it here to share it with the entire community .
have a definition for gnorimoschema ligulatum ? write it here to share it with the entire community .
gnorimoschema ligulatum povolny , a gelechiid moth , is described andknown only from the carcross dunes , but this distribution restriction may be the result of undercollecting ( nazari and landry 2009 ) .
other dune specialist species in the yukon dunes have a broader , but still restricted distribution in north america . for example , the tachinid fly allophorocera sajanica mesnil is known from the dunes at kusawa in the southern yukon and the lake athabasca dunes in saskatchewan . its presumed host , the kamchatka crane fly , tipula kamchatkensis alexander , is known from the yukon dunes , the athabasca dunes , and a few dunes in the northwest territories ( polak 1989 ) . gnorimoschema vastifica braun , a gelechiid moth , is the most common species of its genus in the yukon dunes , and is also found in dunes in alberta , saskatchewan , and alaska ( nazari and landry 2009 ) .
80x5 - 240x3 - 240x4 - 320x1 - 320x2 - 320x3 - 640x1 - 640x2 set display option above . click on images to enlarge .
sign in to disable all ads . thank you for helping build the largest language community on the internet .
have a better pronunciation ? upload it here to share it with the entire community .
simply select a language and press on the speaker button to listen to the pronunciation of the word . leave a vote for your preferred pronunciation .
popular : trivia , history , america , television , tv , usa , geography , world , . . . more
figure 1 . dorsal ( top ) and lateral ( bottom ) views of a male germaria angustata from carcross , yukon . fly is approximately 9 mm long . photos by shannon mahony and james o’hara , agriculture and agri - food canada ; used with permission
figure 2 . close - up of the head of the male germaria in figure 1 , showing the elbowed arista of the antenna . note the elongated second aristomere and ( arrow ) the flattened third aristomere . photo by shannon mahony and james o’hara , agriculture and agri - food canada ; used with permission .
figure 3 . global distribution of germaria angustata . some locations in mongolia and china are approximate .
figure 4 . north american distribution of germaria angustata ( red dots ) . other sites where specific but unsuccessful searches have been made are located by crossed dots .
figure 6 . aeolian deposits of the southern yukon . map courtesy of stephen wolfe , geological survey of canada , ottawa .
figure 7 . aeolian deposits of the southwestern yukon ( enlarged from lower inset in figure 6 ) . vegetated , stabilized dunes in orange ; active dunes in red ; direction of transporting winds marked by arrows . map courtesy of stephen wolfe , geological survey of canada , ottawa .
figure 8 . dunes at bennett lake beach , carcross . sw from 60 . 1776°n 134 . 7295°w , 1 june 2009 . photo : s . cannings
figure 9 . typical g . angustata habitat at the bennett lake beach dunes . common plants include : calamagrostis purpurascens , elymus calderi , bromus pumpellianus , carex sabulosa , polemonium pulcherrimum , artemisia frigida , and aster sibiricus . n from approx . 60 . 1776°n 134 . 7295°w , 22 july 2009 . photo : l . schroeder ; used with permission .
figure 10 . dunes 2 km n of carcross , along klondike highway . sparse cover in foreground is carex sabulosa ; germaria angustata is not present in this grassless habitat . note off - road vehicle disturbance . s from 60 . 1864°n 134 . 6936°w , 20 june 2008 . photo : s . cannings .
figure 11 . g . angustata habitat at the carcross dunes : baikal sedge ( carex sabulosa ) , grasses ( bromus pumpellianus , etc . ) and wildflowers ( lupinus kuschei , aster sibiricus , polemonium pulcherrimum ) . note off - road vehicle disturbance . n from 60 . 1881°n 134 . 6934°w , 1 june 2010 . photo : s . cannings
figure 12 . alsek dunes at confluence of kaskawulsh and dezadeash ( alsek ) rivers , kluane national park and reserve . vegetation includes carex sabulosa , equisetum arvense , lupinus kuschei , and artemisia tilesii , with occasional clumps of juniperus communis . w from 60 . 6680°n 137 . 8003°w , 2008 . 26 june 2008 . photo : s . cannings .
figure 13 . mixed carex sabulosa - grass - lupinus kuschei - penstemon gormani - artemisia tilesii community , alsek dunes . ne from 60 . 6698°n 137 . 8000°w , 26 june 2008 . photo : s . cannings .
figure 14 . aerial view of the dune on the west side of the takhini river , 6 . 8 km nne of kusawa lake . large dune is approximately 900 m long , but most of this dune is not appropriate habitat for g . angustata . nw from approximately 60 . 660°n 136 . 064°w , 13 october 2009 . photo : j . meikle , kwanlin dun , first nation ; used with permission .
figure 15 . vegetated dune swale on the west side of the takhini river , 6 . 8 km nne of the outlet of kusawa lake . appears as greyish streak on near side of dune in centre of figure 14 . common plants include carex sabulosa , elymus calderi , and lupinus kuschei . nne from 60 . 6679°n 136 . 0763°w , 19 june 2009 . photo : s . cannings .
figure 16 . aeolian sand and active dunes on top of lacustrine silt cliffs eroded by yukon river , 5 km n of whitehorse . sw from 60 . 7748°n 135 . 0826°w , 17 july 2008 . photo : s . cannings .
figure 17 . blowout on top of bluffs above yukon river , 5 km n of whitehorse ( in middle distance of figure 15 ) : common plants include penstemon gormanii , oxytropis campestris , and elymus calderi . n from 60 . 7736°n 135 . 0863°w , 7 june 2009 . photo : s . cannings .
figure 18 . aeolian sand and dunes on top of coarser sediments on lookout hill , at north end of schwatka lake reservoir , whitehorse . dominant grasses are oryzopsis hymenoides , elymus calderi , and calamagrostis purpurascens . w from 60 . 6940°n 135 . 0322°w , 12 july 2008 . photo : s . cannings .
figure 19 . stabilized dunes and small blowouts ; aeolian sand on top of silt bluffs , west of downtown whitehorse . calamagrostis purpurascens in foreground ; other vegetation dominated by artemisia frigida , carex supina , and elymus trachycaulus . nnw from 60 . 7249°n 135 . 0712°w , 2 july 2009 . photo : s . cannings .
figure 20 . dunes at confluence of bullion creek and slims river , kluane national park and reserve . dominant plants are elymus calderi and artemisia frigida . ssw from 60 . 9608°n 135 . 6348°w , 3 july 2009 . photo : s . cannings .
figure 21 . beach dunes at north end of sekulmun lake . foreground vegetation includes bromus pumpellianus , hierochloe hirta ssp . arctica , artemisia alaskana , lupinus kuschei , phlox hoodii , and a . uva - ursi . this was the site with the densest populations of g . angustata . wnw from 61 . 5619°n 137 . 5418°w , 13 july 2009 . photo : s . cannings .
figure 22 . ridge - top aeolian sand and small blowouts in subalpine zone ( 1200 m el . ) between aishihik and sekulmun lakes . e from 61 . 4049°n 137 . 3540°w ( on helicopter approach ) , 13 july 2009 . photo : s . cannings .
figure 23 . increased atv use at carcross over the past 30 years may have caused a decline in the area of appropriate habitat for g . angustata . w from approximately 60 . 1852°n 134 . 6929°w , 20 june 2008 . photo : s . cannings .
figure 24 . northern section of the carcross dunes , east of the klondike highway , 2 km n of the village . nne from about 60 . 1866°n 134 . 6951°w , 29 august 1984 . compare vegetation with present - day photo in figure 25 . photo : c . kennedy ; used with permission .
figure 25 . same view as figure 24 ; 1 june 2010 . note apparently increased disturbance , smaller patches of vegetation , and virtual absence of vegetation on steeper , open slope . photo : s . cannings .
figure 26 . frequency of 30 - minute sample sizes of g . angustata specimens taken at sites where at least one specimen was captured on that d
table 1 . known locations of g . angustata in canada . all locations are in the yukon . areas are approximations of appropriate habitat .
table 2 . canadian specimens of g . angustata held in the canadian national collection , agriculture and agri - food canada , ottawa .
table 3 . details on site inventories in 2008 and 2009 by canadian wildlife service and environment yukon . records highlighted in yellow indicate surveys that resulted in the capture of at least one g . angustata specimen . ‘total’ indicates the number of g . angustata specimens taken . specimens will be deposited at canadian national collection , agriculture and agri - food canada , ottawa ; canadian wildlife service , whitehorse ; royal british columbia museum , victoria ; and museum für naturkunde , berlin .
cosewic status reports are working documents used in assigning the status of wildlife species suspected of being at risk . this report may be cited as follows :
cosewic . 2011 . cosewic assessment and status report on the dune tachinid fly germaria angustata in canada . committee on the status of endangered wildlife in canada . ottawa . x + 43 pp .
production note : cosewic would like to acknowledge syd cannings for writing the status report on the dune tachinid fly , germaria angustata , in canada , prepared under contract with environment canada . this report was overseen and edited by paul catling , co - chair of the cosewic arthropods specialist subcommittee .
dune tachinid fly - - photos by shannon mahony and james o’hara , agriculture and agri - food canada ; used with permission .
© her majesty the queen in right of canada , 2011 . catalogue no . cw69 - 14 / 623 - 2011e - pdf isbn 978 - 1 - 100 - 18673 - 3
reason for designation this rare fly is restricted to a very small area of unglaciated beringia in southwestern yukon . it is known from 11 largely isolated locations where it occurs in active to semi - stabilized dunes . it is a parasite of the larvae of a dune moth . the threats include a continuing decline in habitat caused by succession on dunes and the use of all - terrain vehicles in some areas which destroy required dune vegetation .
the dune tachinid fly , germaria angustata ( zetterstedt ) , is a black , bristly , medium - sized fly in the family tachinidae . the second segment of the antennal branch ( arista ) is elongated and the third aristomere is flattened side - to - side ; these two features give the arista a distinctive , elbowed appearance which helps to identify this species .
this fly is significant in that it represents a group of invertebrate and plant species ( a number of which are undescribed scientifically ) that , at least in north america , are restricted to active dunes in the southern yukon .
in north america , the known distribution is restricted to 11 locations ( 14 individual sites ) in the southwestern yukon , from whitehorse and carcross west to kluane national park and reserve . in eurasia , it is rare at european coastal and interior dunes ; and is known from a number of localities in mongolia and adjacent china and siberia .
the dune tachind fly is restricted to active or semi - stabilized dunes or smaller sand blowouts with scattered grasses , sedges , and other vegetation . this habitat preference is probably related to the habitat needs of its likely specific , but as yet unknown host caterpillar . in the yukon , the known habitat always includes some grass or grasses . the dunes can be in coastal areas with a mesic climate ( in europe ) or in interior boreal regions , with a more extreme ( cold winter , hot summer ) climate .
tachinid flies are parasites of the larvae of other insects , often moth larvae . the host of the dune tachinid flyis unknown . female dune tachinid flies fly low over the open sand , alighting on single stems of grass , walking to the base of each , and apparently depositing an egg there . the eggs undoubtedly hatch into a first instar larva that waits for a host caterpillar to come by . because of the egg placement at the base of grass or sedge stems , the host of the dune tachinid fly may be a cutworm larva ( a moth in the family noctuidae ) that lives underground during the day and comes to the surface at night to feed on the base of the grass . a dune specialist cutworm that is found at whitehorse and carcross , and has a very similar global range to that of the dune tachinid fly is the coast dart . in the yukon , adult dune tachinid flies have been collected from 6 june to 23 july ; in coastal europe the flight season is longer , from late may to mid - august .
appropriate habitat at a site is often limited , and this is a parasitic species dependent on a host moth , so population sizes are probably quite small for an insect . there is no information on population trends . population size may vary a great deal from year to year , as in other tachinid flies , but there are no data . although population size and density are difficult to estimate , thirty - minute searches in appropriate habitat result in catches of up to 13 specimens , usually 0 to 7 .
there is no detailed information on limiting factors . the main , proximate limiting factor is probably the distribution and abundance of the dune tachinid fly’s host moth . since the end of the pleistocene , dune stabilization and vegetation succession has eliminated most of the active dune habitat in the region . while some active dunes appear to be in equilibrium ( i . e . , new blowouts approximately equal areas stabilized ) , succession will probably eliminate more open dune area , especially at the large , but relatively young alsek dunes in kluane national park and reserve .
a potential , but significant threat is invasive species that have the ability to quickly stabilize dunes . potential threat species include altai wild rye and white sweet - clover .
at the carcross dunes , increasing recreational all - terrain vehicle use has caused a decline in habitat by eliminating vegetation and thereby eliminating food plants for host moths .
there is no legal protection for this fly in canada , except for that afforded its populations within kluane national park and reserve and kusawa territorial park .
it has not been ranked by the national general status program ; natureserve ranks it g4g5 globally ; the yukon conservation data centre ranks it s2 in the yukon .
is there a continuing decline in number of mature individuals ? unknown ; but based on habitat extent and condition , probably a local decline at carcross ; future , longer - term declines can be inferred for the alsek dunes , which appear to be undergoing stabilization .
estimated percent of continuing decline in total number of mature individuals within 5 years . unknown , but probably a small decline .
estimated percent reduction in total number of mature individuals over the last 10 years . unknown ; probably has declined somewhat because of habitat reduction at carcross .
suspected percent reduction in total number of mature individuals over the next 10 years . difficult to quantify , but a small decline can be inferred if present habitat trends continue .
estimated percent reduction in total number of mature individuals over any 10 year period , over a time period including both the past and the future . difficult to quantify , but a small decline can be inferred if present habitat trends continue .
are the causes of the decline clearly reversible and understood and ceased ? causes of inferred declines from habitat loss at carcross are reversible , but not ceased .
are there extreme fluctuations in number of mature individuals ? unknown , but this may be the case , based on other tachinid populations .
is there an [ observed , inferred , or projected ] continuing decline in index of area of occupancy ? unknown ; probably stable at the 2km2 grid scale , but may be declining at smaller grid scales .
probability of extinction in the wild is at least [ 20 % within 20 years or 5 generations , or 10 % within 100 years ] .
at the large carcross dunes , all - terrain vehicle use has degraded or eliminated some habitat . natural succession in the alsek river dunes is probably slowly reducing habitat there . these kinds of threats do not involve the majority of sites . another potential but imminent threat is from invasive plants that can stabilize dune habitat
status of outside population ( s ) ? not yet found in alaska , but may occur there . however , any populations there would be very distant ( approx . 1000 km ) , and short - term immigration rates would be negligible .
is there sufficient habitat for immigrants in canada ? unknown , but probably not , because available habitat is occupied .
reasons for designation : this rare fly is restricted to a very small area of unglaciated beringia in southwestern yukon . it is known from 11 largely isolated locations where it occurs in active to semi - stabilized dunes . it is a parasite of the larvae of a dune moth . the threats include a continuing decline in habitat caused by succession on dunes and the use of all - terrain vehicles in some areas which destroy required dune vegetation .
criterion a ( decline in total number of mature individuals ) : not applicable as the total number of mature individuals is unknown .
criterion b ( small distribution range and decline or fluctuation ) : not applicable . with an index of area of occupancy ( iao ) of 48 km² , this species is very close to meeting threatened under b2ab ( iii ) but there are more than 10 locations ( 11 ) and the continuing decline of habitat , based on stabilization ( succession ) of dunes and atv use , is localized and unlikely to have a significant impact over the next 10 years .
criterion c ( small and declining number of mature individuals ) : not applicable as the total number of mature individuals is unknown .
criterion d ( very small or restricted total population ) : not applicable as the index of area of occupancy ( iao ) is greater than 20 km² and there are more than 5 locations .
cosewic history the committee on the status of endangered wildlife in canada ( cosewic ) was created in 1977 as a result of a recommendation at the federal - provincial wildlife conference held in 1976 . it arose from the need for a single , official , scientifically sound , national listing of wildlife species at risk . in 1978 , cosewic designated its first species and produced its first list of canadian species at risk . species designated at meetings of the full committee are added to the list . on june 5 , 2003 , the species at risk act ( sara ) was proclaimed . sara establishes cosewic as an advisory body ensuring that species will continue to be assessed under a rigorous and independent scientific process .
cosewic mandate the committee on the status of endangered wildlife in canada ( cosewic ) determines the national status of wild species , subspecies , varieties , and nationally significant populations that are considered to be at risk in canada . designations are made on all native species for the following taxonomic groups : mammals , birds , reptiles , amphibians , fish , lepidopterans , molluscs , vascular plants , lichens , and mosses .
cosewic membership cosewic comprises representatives from each provincial and territorial government wildlife agency , four federal agencies ( canadian wildlife service , parks canada agency , department of fisheries and oceans , and the federal biosystematic partnership ) , three nonjurisdictional members and the co - chairs of the species specialist groups . the committee meets to consider status reports on candidate species .
wildlife species a species , subspecies , variety , or geographically or genetically distinct population of animal , plant or other organism , other than a bacterium or virus , that is wild by nature and is either native to canada or has extended its range into canada without human intervention and has been present in canada for at least 50 years .
extirpated ( xt ) a wildlife species no longer existing in the wild in canada , but occurring elsewhere .
threatened ( t ) a wildlife species likely to become endangered if limiting factors are not reversed .
special concern ( sc ) * a wildlife species that may become a threatened or an endangered species because of a combination of biological characteristics and identified threats .
not at risk ( nar ) * * a wildlife species that has been evaluated and found to be not at risk of extinction given the current circumstances .
data deficient ( dd ) * * * a category that applies when the available information is insufficient ( a ) to resolve a species’ eligibility for assessment or ( b ) to permit an assessment of the species’ risk of extinction .
* formerly described as “vulnerable” from 1990 to 1999 , or “rare” prior to 1990 . * * formerly described as “not in any category” , or “no designation required . ” * * * formerly described as “indeterminate” from 1994 to 1999 or “isibd” ( insufficient scientific information on which to base a designation ) prior to 1994 .
the canadian wildlife service , environment canada , provides full administrative and financial support to the cosewic secretariat .
cosewic status report on the dune tachinid fly germaria angustata in canada - 2011 .
germaria angustata ( zetterstedt ) is a true fly ( order diptera ) in the family tachinidae . the type locality is the skåne district of sweden . the genus germaria robineau - devoisdy 1830 is a group of 13 species restricted to the nearctic and palearctic regions ( ziegler 2010 ; d . m . wood , pers . comm . 2009 ; o’hara 2008 ; o’hara and wood 2004 ; herting and dely - draskovits 1993 ) ; g . angustata is the only member of the genus in the nearctic region ( o’hara and wood 2004 ; wood 1994 ) . there are no subspecies described . there is no official english name ; the name “dune tachinid fly” given here refers to the fact that this species is restricted to active aeolian sand .
germaria angustata is a shiny black , medium - sized fly , approximately 9 mm long ( figures 1 , 2 ) . like other tachinids , it has long , stout bristles on its head , thorax , and abdomen ; and a well - developed , convex subscutellum . some parts of the body are covered in a waxy pruinosity , creating patterns of blue - grey on the otherwise shiny black surface . the eyes are burgundy in colour . the antennae of tachinid flies have a small branch , the arista , made up of three segments called aristomeres . although the first aristomere of g . angustata is inconspicuous , the second aristomere is elongated and slightly curved ( figure 2 ) . the third aristomere is flattened side - to - side , so that in lateral view it appears to be broader than it does in dorsal view ( figure 2 ) . the robust arista thus has a distinctive , elbowed appearance that is visible with only small magnification , making field identification of the genus relatively easy .
figure 1 . dorsal ( top ) and lateral ( bottom ) views of a male germaria angustata from carcross , yukon . fly is approximately 9 mm long . photos by shannon mahony and james o’hara , agriculture and agri - food canada ; used with permission .
figure 2 . close - up of the head of the male germaria in figure 1 , showing the elbowed arista of the antenna . note the elongated second aristomere and ( arrow ) the flattened third aristomere . photo by shannon mahony and james o’hara , agriculture and agri - food canada ; used with permission .
little information is available , but because of their need for active , aeolian sand habitat , and their parasitic dependence on a host moth , populations are isolated and often small . a few , such as those at carcross , are probably significantly larger than most . there is no information on genetic variability , but yukon specimens have been submitted to j . ziegler at the museum für naturkunde in berlin for a study on global genetic variability in this species .
because all populations are restricted to the southwestern yukon , and there is no evidence of genetic or morphological variability among populations , there is only one designatable unit .
germaria angustata ( and its frequent companion , the baikal sedge , carex sabulosa turcz . ex kunth ) represent a group of invertebrate and plant species ( a number of which are scientifically undescribed and unnamed ) that , in canada at least , are restricted to active dunes in the southern yukon . other species in this group have not been considered for assessment by cosewic partly because they are not described and named , and partly because little is known of their distribution and biology .
they include ( polak 1989 ; d . m . wood , pers . comm . 2009 ) :
in eurasia , g . angustata is found in two distinct areas - - europe , and a part of central asia , centred on mongolia and including adjacent northern china and southern siberia ( figure 3 ) . the separation of the two eurasian regions may reflect poor collecting effort . in europe it is rare at coastal dunes along the north sea and baltic sea coasts , and is even more sparsely distributed in the interior ( tschorsnig and herting 1994 ; belshaw 1993 ) . in the united kingdom , it has been collected only once in the past 70 years ( raper 2007 ) . joachim ziegler ( in litt . ) has assembled data for all known eurasian collection records : 33 coastal european sites ( united kingdom , belgium , netherlands , germany , denmark , sweden , poland , lithuania , and finland ) ; 7 interior sites ( germany , slovakia , hungary , ukraine , and russia ) ; and 17 central asian sites ( mongolia , china , and russia ) . although there are published reports for sites in transcaucasia and the czech republic , these are in error ( j . ziegler , pers . comm . ) .
in north america , it is known only from dunes in the southwestern yukon ( wood 1994 ; polak 1989 ; canadian wildlife service fieldwork 2008 - 2009 ) .
the species is known from 14 individual sites that make up eleven ‘locations’ as defined by cosewic ( table 1 ) in eight dune complexes in the southwestern yukon : carcross / bennett lake ; kusawa ( upper takhini river ) ; alsek river in kluane national park and reserve ; slims river in kluane national park and reserve ; sekulmun lake ; two , small , cliff - top blowouts near champagne ; similar blowouts around whitehorse ; and one isolated ridge - top blowout southeast of the sekulmun lake dunes ( figures 4 , 5 ) .
table 1 . known locations of g . angustata in canada . all locations are in the yukon . areas are approximations of appropriate habitat . first nations ownership ; ctfn = carcross - tagish first nation ; cafn = champagne and aishihik first nations ; kdfn = kwanlin dun first nation .
in calculating the number of locations , the three sites along the west bluffs of whitehorse were considered one location . these sites , although separated by unsuitable habitat of up to 1 km , are part of the same bluff / sand complex . the next site north is 5 km away , so was considered a separate location , as it is unlikely to share a single threat ( development , disturbance by vehicles , invasive plants , etc . ) . at the southeast corner of whitehorse , the schwatka lake site was considered separate from the location on the north side of riverdale ; these locations are about 2 km apart across a suburban landscape , and about 2 . 4 km apart following the forested bluff edge . the carcross dunes were sampled as two separate sites but are really part of one contiguous dune complex , so are considered one location united by threats such as invasive plants and disturbance by all - terrain vehicles . the two sites along the dezadeash river near champagne are along the same side of the river and only 700 m apart , so they were also considered the same location , because any local disturbance and development threats are likely to affect both sites .
it is possible that two of the locations around whitehorse ( those north of riverdale and along the west side of the city ) are sink populations , only maintained by immigration from the slightly larger populations at schwatka lake or perhaps from those 5 km north of the city . these are very small sites , fragmented by unsuitable forested or silty habitat , and no more than one fly has ever been captured in a visit .
using a convex polygon around all canadian sites , the extent of occurrence is approximately 15 , 600 km² . using a 2x2 km grid , the species is known to occupy 12 grid squares , for an index of area of occupancy of 48 km² . the actual area of occurrence is at most approximately 200 ha , or 2 km² . much of this area is unvegetated sand in the large dunes , which is unsuitable habitat for this species .
even though the canadian distribution of g . angustata is probably incompletely known ( see search effort below ) , the dunes that it requires are small and sparsely distributed , and it is most likely confined to the southwestern yukon .
there is no aboriginal traditional knowledge ( atk ) concerning distribution available for this species at this time .
prior to 2008 , active searches for this species in canada were limited to the dunes at carcross , yukon ; lake athabasca , saskatchewan ; and the great sand hills , saskatchewan ( figure 4 ) .
the carcross dunes were visited seven times in the 1980s by d . m . ( monty ) wood and his colleagues , although most visits were relatively brief . nevertheless , at least 231 specimens of g . angustata were collected in that decade .
in 1988 , michal polak and monty wood searched specifically for this species at a number of locations , but found it only at carcross ( polak 1989 ) . they surveyed the dunes along the south shore of lake athabasca , saskatchewan , within a 2 km radius of a base camp at yakow lake ( approximately 59° 12’ n , 108° 02’ w ) . collections were made from june 23 to july 5 , during warm and mostly sunny weather . they also surveyed the great sand hills of saskatchewan in mid - june that year , for several days . finally , they searched the kobuk and nogahabara dune complexes in western alaska ; about a week was spent at each site in july ( figure 4 ; d . m . wood , pers . comm . 2009 ) .
in 2008 , syd cannings and lea randall visited the carcross dunes three times in late june and early july ; the dunes west of the takhini river near kusawa lake once in late june ; and the alsek dunes at the confluence of the dezadeash ( alsek ) and kaskawulsh rivers for two days in late june . cliff - top sand sites in whitehorse ( schwatka lake , riverdale , mountain view golf course ) were visited on one or two brief visits each ( randall and cannings 2008 ) .
for the 2009 inventory ( led by s . cannings , canadian wildlife service ) , potential sites were identified first using a map of aeolian sand deposits in southern yukon provided by steve wolfe of the geological survey of canada ( figures 6 , 7 ) . to check for active dunes , i . e . , those potentially inhabited by germaria , the sites were assessed further using satellite imagery from googletm earth , and aerial photos from the library of the yukon government’s energy , mines and resources department . some small sites in whitehorse were identified by sight alone . identified sites were prioritized for visit by apparent suitability and by ease of access .
in all of yukon it is estimated that there are approximately 30 potential sites . of these sites , 26 were visited in 2009 at least once for a minimum of 30 minutes during good weather . dune tachinid flies were absent from half of these sites . site visits are detailed in table 3 and sites are mapped in figure 5 . search effort in 2008 and 2009 totaled approximately 64 person - hours .
four yukon sites that hold potential for germaria were not visited , primarily because of difficulty of access . these are mapped in figure 5 as open circles . two dunes are in the immediate vicinity of the takhini river dune ( kusawa territorial park ) but , because they lie on the east shore of the river , are only accessible by canoe or helicopter . these may be considered part of the same location , as defined by cosewic . similarly the dunes along the alsek river , 25 km south of those at the junction of the kaskawulsh and dezadeash rivers , were inaccessible without the use of a helicopter or raft . finally , small cliff - top dunes along the yukon river , 10 km n of big salmon village , appear similar in photographs to those at whitehorse .
although there are many aeolian sand deposits west of pelly crossing ( figure 6 ) , no open , active dunes could be seen in aerial photographs , and no sites were ground - checked during germaria flight season . one large dune complex immediately south of the confluence of the pelly and yukon rivers ( at directional arrow east of pelly crossing in figure 6 ) was visited in early october , 2009 , but no active sand areas were found .
figure 7 . aeolian deposits of the southwestern yukon ( enlarged from lower inset in figure 6 ) . vegetated , stabilized dunes in orange ; active dunes in red ; direction of transporting winds marked by arrows . map courtesy of stephen wolfe , geological survey of canada , ottawa .
there are a few active dunes in the nwt ( s . wolfe , pers . comm . ) , but these are outside beringia and similar sites in saskatchewan have been surveyed without success ( polak 1989 ) . a brief focused survey ( greg pohl , colin jones , syd cannings for 3 hours in 2010 ) and numerous general insect surveys in the region of fort smith ( which has a number of sandy sites in and around the settlement ) have recorded probable host moths , but no germaria specimens . there have been general insect surveys , but no focused surveys for germaria in the dunes in the jasper , alberta area , where probable host moths have been found . finally , there have been a number of general insect surveys of the coastal dunes of british columbia ( e . g . , at naikoon provincial park on graham island , and pacific rim national park on vancouver island ) , but there may have been no specific searches for tachinid flies there .
in summary , it is possible that g . angustata occurs at a few more sites in the yukon , but these would probably result in a total of fewer than 20 locations . there are also other possible sites in northwestern canada outside the yukon , but these are considered unlikely to have g . angustata populations . similarly , dunes elsewhere in canada including the prairie region and great lakes have been subjected to extensive study by entomologists without any indication of g . angustata occurring there ( d . m . wood , pers . comm . ) . finally the surveys noted above that contribute to these conclusions were completed in appropriate mild , sunny weather as indicated or involved relatively long periods when such weather likely occurred , so that weather is not considered a constraint of the analysis .
germaria angustata is restricted to sites where its ( as yet unknown ) host moth lives , and to habitats that meet the requirements of the larva of this moth . throughout its range , it is restricted to active dunes , although the dunes can be found anywhere from coastal europe to the subalpine zone in the yukon .
in the southwestern yukon , g . angustata is found in active dunes and blowouts with sparse vegetation , where sand is being deposited but the dune is somewhat stabilized . all sites where it was found in 2009 are > 60 % open sand . however , much of the area of large dunes such as those along the highway north of carcross , or those along the takhini river , are essentially 100 % open sand , and these areas support few if any g . angustata . photographs of most of the sites are presented in figures 8 - 22 ; these photographs were all taken in 2008 and 2009 .
figure 8 . dunes at bennett lake beach , carcross . sw from 60 . 1776°n 134 . 7295°w , 1 june 2009 . photo : s . cannings .
figure 10 . dunes 2 km n of carcross , along klondike highway . sparse cover in foreground is carex sabulosa ; germaria angustata isnot present in this grassless habitat . note off - road vehicle disturbance . s from 60 . 1864°n 134 . 6936°w , 20 june 2008 . photo : s . cannings .
figure 11 . g . angustata habitat at the carcross dunes : baikal sedge ( carex sabulosa ) , grasses ( bromus pumpellianus , etc . ) and wildflowers ( lupinus kuschei , aster sibiricus , polemonium pulcherrimum ) . note off - road vehicle disturbance . n from 60 . 1881°n 134 . 6934°w , 1 june 2010 . photo : s . cannings .
figure 15 . vegetated dune swale on the west side of the takhini river , 6 . 8 km nne of the outlet of kusawa lake . appears as greyish streak on near side of dune in centre of figure 14 . common plants include carex sabulosa , elymus calderi , and lupinus kuschei . nne from 60 . 6679°n 136 . 0763°w , 19 june 2009 . photo : s . cannings .
figure 17 . blowout on top of bluffs above yukon river , 5 km n of whitehorse ( in middle distance of figure 15 ) : common plants include penstemon gormanii , oxytropis campestris , and elymus calderi . n from 60 . 7736°n 135 . 0863°w , 7 june 2009 . photo : s . cannings .
figure 21 . beach dunes at north end of sekulmun lake . foreground vegetation includes bromus pumpellianus , hierochloe hirta ssp . arctica , artemisia alaskana , lupinus kuschei , phlox hoodii , and a . uva - ursi . this was the site with the densest populations of g . angustata . wnw from 61 . 5619°n 137 . 5418°w , 13 july 2009 . photo : s . cannings .
although the sites vary in size and in plant community composition , a consistent feature is the presence of scattered grasses . polak ( 1989 ) noted that g . angustata has been observed to lay eggs on the grass bromus pumpellianus , and inferred that the larva of its host moth probably eats grasses . no single grass species occurs at all sites , but festuca saximontana , bromus pumpellianus , calamagrostis purpurascens var . purpurascens , and elymus calderi are frequent , and e . trachycaulus is sometimes present ( table 3 ) . baikal sedge , carex sabulosa ( listed as threatened under the species at risk act ) is a dominant feature of many of the sites , but germaria is found at a number of sites where c . sabulosa is absent , and is absent at a number of sites where c . sabulosa is present . in fact , g . angustata was never found where c . sabulosa was the only plant species present . other frequent plant species include artemisia campestris , a . frigida , aster sibiricus , equisetum arvense , lupinus kuschei , oxytropis campestris , penstemon gormanii , pinus contorta , populus balsamifera , p . tremuloides , polemonium pulcherrimum , solidago simplex , and stellaria longipes ( cosewic 2005 ; inventory associated with present report , table 2 ) .
sparse pine , and sand dunes , a . uva - ursi , lichen and moss crusts , no grass
dune blowout stabilized by carex sabulosa , elymus calderi , bromus pumpellianus , aster sibiricus , lupinus kuschei ; active blowing sand along shoreline .
ridge top of dune , stabilized ; lupinus kuschei , c . sabulosa , populus balsamifera , grasses
bluff top ; short p . balsamifera with open sand areas , oxytropis campestris , polemonium pulcherrimum , equisetum arvense
dune blowout stabilized by c . sabulosa , elymus calderi , b . pumpellianus , aster sibiricus , l . kuschei ; active blowing sand along shoreline .
dune blowout stabilized by carex sabulosa , e . calderi , b . pumpellianus , aster sibiricus , l . kuschei ; active blowing sand along shoreline .
immediate foreshore dunes , active sand , p . balsamifera , c . sabulosa , l . kuschei
top and lee side of large sand hill , some active sand ; c . sabulosa , l . kuschei , a . campestris
stabilized dunes with open sandy patches ; o . campestris , stellaria longipes , grasses
immediate foreshore dunes , active sand , p . balsamifera , bromus pumpellianus , artemisia campestris , c . sabulosa , l . kuschei
old dune ridge top , stabilized but open ; grass sp . , c . sabulosa , l . kuschei , a . campestris
foreshore active dunes , behind clumps of p . balsamifera , with c . sabulosa , l . kuschei , calamagrostis purpurascens
large level blowout ; grasses , o . campestris , c . sabulosa , l . kuschei
westernmost blowout , active shore dune , sparse vegetation ; o . campestris , a . campestris , c . purpurascens
wide shallow stabilized blowout , adjacent to active sand along shoreline ; c . sabulosa , e . calderi , b . pumpellianus , a . sibiricus , l . kuschei
c . sabulosa ' lawn , ' halfway up highest blowout ; b . pumpellianus , a . sibiricus , p . pulcherrimum
carex sabulosa ' lawn , ' ; b . pumpellianus , a . sibiricus , p . pulcherrimum
s - facing , active blowout ; c . sabulosa present ; dunes encroached by a . uva - ursi
active riverside blowout / dunes ; e . arvense , b . pumpellianus , alnus sp .
active riverside blowout / dunes ; e . arvense , b . pumpellianus ; flower meadow behind blowout ridge
riverside blowout dunes , silty sand , some active , moving into open aspen forest / grassland , c . sabulosa present
hillside blowouts above old river channel , mostly stable ; c . sabulosa present , but few grasses
sand riverbank , small blowouts on top ; c . sabulosa , small p . balsamifera , grasses
sand / gravel beach ; old beach ridges with no open sand , moss / lichen crust , a . uva - ursi , some pine and spruce
sparse pine , stabilized dunes ; a . uva - ursi , lichen and moss crusts , no grasses
sandy blowouts among stabilized dunes ; pine - lichen woodland ; c . sabulosa present
open aeolian sand , stabilized dunes and blowouts ; b . pumpellianus , hierochloe hirta , calamagrostis purpurascens , festuca saximontana , carex supine , phlox hoodii , l . kuschei , bupleurum americanum , artemisia alaskana
large dunes , e . calderi , b . pumpellianus , artemisia frigida , lesquerella arctica , r . acicularis , erigeron caespitosus , comandra umbellata
base of dunes , wind - scoured , fine sand and patches of alkaline soil ; grasses , carex maritima , salix spp . , and dead trees
large dunes , stabilized swale with scattered c . sabulosa , l . kuschei , e . calderi
stabilized dunes , blowouts , and steep sand bank on top of silt bluffs ; grasses dominated by c . purpurascens and e . trachycaulus ; a . frigida , penstemon procerus , and carex supina . poa glauca , bromus inermis and b . pumpellianus behind ridge .
dunes are maintained by a constant source of open sand and consistent winds . at carcross and sekulmun lakes the source is abundant beach sand , and the lakes are oriented so that the prevailing southerly winds hit the beach with force ( figures 8 and 19 ) . at the various river sites , the river runs through deposits that are either wholly sand or are capped by thick sand deposits . these deposits are kept open through constant erosion from below , and are blown into dunes where the river runs at right angles to the prevailing wind ( e . g . , figure 15 ) .
the elevation of these sites ranges from 660 m at bennett lake to 1450 m on the ridge between sekulmun and aishihik lakes .
there are several aeolian sand sites with active blowouts in southwestern yukon that are not now directly associated with a lake or a river ( e . g . , robinson , taye lake , and dezadeash lake areas ) , but g . angustata has not been found in these blowouts which are among those mapped in figure 5 as “searched but without finding g . angustata ” .
in the long term , the dune habitat of germaria angustata in canada has been substantially reduced since glaciation through natural succession ( figures 5 , 6 ) . the few , small active dunes that remain are those that can be maintained by a consistent source of materials and consistent winds ( see habitat section above ) .
air photos taken during the mid - 1940s and , more recently , between 1977 and 1999 , indicate that all but one of the larger dune systems remain unchanged . only the bennett lake dunes at carcross show significant changes between 1948 and 1999 . there appears to be a reduction of about 15 to 20 % in dune area at this site ( cosewic 2005 ) .
the alsek dunes located at the junction of the kaskawulsh and dezadeash rivers in kluane national park are younger than most of the other dunes in the region , because they are located on the site of recent lake alsek . this proglacial lake , formed by the damming of the alsek river by the lowell glacier , existed as late as 1852 , and would have been about 10 to 50 m deep at the present dune site ( kindle 1952 ; johnson and raup 1964 ) . portions of these young dunes now appear to be undergoing stabilization as vegetation invades ( although there is no time sequence data ) , and it seems likely that the active dunes will be smaller in the future .
g . w . douglas ( in cosewic 2005 ) made the observation that , between 1974 and 2003 , the large central area of the dunes along the klondike highway near carcross has “remained mostly unvegetated . ” in other words , he saw no noticeable decrease in vegetation at that site in recent decades . he reasoned that vegetation was not able to establish there because of the exceptionally strong winds that come off bennett lake and directly hit the southwest - facing slope below caribou mountain . this may be true for the primary , steeper slope , but local residents recall that , in general , the dunes next to the highway were more vegetated with grass and flowers in the 1970s than they are now ( r . l . mennell , pers . comm . 2009 ) . figure 24 and 25 compare the carcross dunes as they were 26 years ago in 1984 with a 2010 view . today , there are only small patches of sparse grass and forbs in this part of the complex ; even areas that are relatively flat are mostly completely devoid of vegetation ( figure 11 ) . it is possible that up to 10 ha of formerly suitable habitat has been degraded ; approximately 12 % of the carcross complex . the cause of this decline is undoubtedly the increase in recreational motorcycle and all - terrain vehicle ( atv ) traffic in that area in the past 30 years ( figures 10 , 11 , and 23 ) . motorized traffic has also destroyed vegetation in small , linear portions of the carcross beach dunes .
figure 24 . northern section of the carcross dunes , east of the klondike highway , 2 km n of the village . nne from about 60 . 1866°n 134 . 6951°w , 29 august 1984 . compare vegetation with present - day photo in figure 25 . photo : c . kennedy ; used with permission .
figure 25 same view as figure 24 ; 1 june 2010 . note apparently increased disturbance , smaller patches of vegetation , and virtual absence of vegetation on steeper , open slope . photo : s . cannings .
figure 26 . frequency of 30 - minute sample sizes of g . angustata specimens taken at sites where at least one specimen was captured on that day .
in summary there is solid evidence of recent habitat decline only at carcross . however , natural succession at the alsek dunes appears to be causing a decline in active sand movement there as well . it should be noted that these are the sites of the two largest populations of g . angustata known in canada . although there are threats in other locations ( e . g . , invasion of exotic plants ) , a future decline at those sites cannot be inferred at this time based on available evidence .
little is known of the biology of this species ; however , based on direct observations of its behaviour , phenology , and knowledge of other tachinids , some reasonable speculations of its life history can be made . tachinid flies are parasitoids of the larvae of other insects , often moth caterpillars . the host of g . angustata is unknown .


emblemaria piratica , the sailfin signal blenny , is a species of chaenopsid blenny found from southern mexico to panama , in the eastern central pacific ocean .

it can reach a maximum length of 4 centimetres ( 1.6 in ) tl .

this species feeds primarily on zooplankton .

emblemaria piratica

latin , emblema = insertion , inlaid work , raised ornament ( ref . 45335 )
marine ; demersal ; depth range 5 - 30 m ( ref . 11482 ) . tropical
maturity : l m ? range ? - ? cm max length : 4 . 0 cm tl male / unsexed ; ( ref . 11482 )
allen , g . r . and d . r . robertson , 1994 . fishes of the tropical eastern pacific . university of hawaii press , honolulu . 332 p . ( ref . 11482 )
) : 27 - 29 . 1 , mean 28 . 3 ( based on 124 cells ) .
phylogenetic diversity index ( ref . 82805 ) : pd 50 = 0 . 5000 [ uniqueness , from 0 . 5 = low to 2 . 0 = high ] .
bayesian length - weight : a = 0 . 00457 ( 0 . 00182 - 0 . 01148 ) , b = 3 . 08 ( 2 . 86 - 3 . 30 ) , in cm total length , based on lwr estimates for this ( sub ) family - body shape ( ref . 93245 ) .
trophic level ( ref . 69278 ) : 3 . 4 ±0 . 45 se ; based on food items .
resilience ( ref . 69278 ) : high , minimum population doubling time less than 15 months ( ) .
vulnerability ( ref . 59153 ) : low vulnerability ( 10 of 100 ) .
: missing argument 2 for checkecotox ( ) , called in / var / www / html / summary / speciessummary . php on line 1995 and defined in
: missing argument 3 for checkecotox ( ) , called in / var / www / html / summary / speciessummary . php on line 1995 and defined in
html public
- / / w3c / / dtd xhtml 1 . 0 strict / / en
urltoken
thank you for taking the time to provide feedback on the iucn red list of threatened species website , we are grateful for your input .
eschmeyer , w . n . ( ed . ) . 2014 . catalog of fishes . updated 27 august 2014 . available at : urltoken . ( accessed : 27 august 2014 ) .
dominici - arosemena , a . , espinosa , h . & hastings , p .
justification : this species is widespread in the eastern pacific . no major threats to this species are known , and there is no current indication of population decline . it is listed as least concern .
this species is endemic to the eastern pacific , and is found from from mazatlan , mexico to southern panama .
there are no known conservation measures for this species . however , this species distribution falls into a number of marine protected areas in the eastern pacific region ( wdpa 2006 ) .
dominici - arosemena , a . , espinosa , h . & hastings , p . 2010 .
to make use of this information , please check the < terms of use > .
eol content is automatically assembled from many different content providers . as a result , from time to time you may find pages on eol that are confusing .
to request an improvement , please leave a comment on the page . thank you !
the webpage text is licensed under a creative commons attribution - noncommercial 4 . 0 license
froese , r . & d . pauly ( editors ) . ( 2018 ) . fishbase . world wide web electronic publication . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
html public
- / / w3c / / dtd xhtml 1 . 0 transitional / / en
urltoken
warning : the ncbi web site requires javascript to function . more . . .
format summary genbank genbank ( full ) fasta asn . 1 xml insdseq xml tinyseq xml feature table accession list gi list gff3
finds sub - sequences or patterns in the sequence and highlights the matching regions . the tool works with standard single letter nucleotide or protein codes including ambiguities and can match prosite patterns in protein sequences . more . . .
finds sub - sequence or patterns in the sequence and highlights the matching region . the tool works with standard single letter nucleotide or protein codes including ambiguities and can match prosite patterns in protein sequences . more . . .
confused by a class within a class or an order within an order ? please see our brief essay .
to cite this page : myers , p . , r . espinosa , c . s . parr , t . jones , g . s . hammond , and t . a . dewey . 2018 . the animal diversity web ( online ) . accessed at https : / / animaldiversity . org .
disclaimer : the animal diversity web is an educational resource written largely by and for college students . adw doesn ' t cover all species in the world , nor does it include all the latest scientific information about organisms we describe . though we edit our accounts for accuracy , we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts . while adw staff and contributors provide references to books and websites that we believe are reputable , we cannot necessarily endorse the contents of references beyond our control .
this material is based upon work supported by the national science foundation grants drl 0089283 , drl 0628151 , due 0633095 , drl 0918590 , and due 1122742 . additional support has come from the marisla foundation , um college of literature , science , and the arts , museum of zoology , and information and technology services .
we parsed the following live from the web into this page . such content is managed by its original site and not cached on discover life . please send feedback and corrections directly to the source . see original regarding copyrights and terms of use .
80x5 - 240x3 - 240x4 - 320x1 - 320x2 - 320x3 - 640x1 - 640x2 set display option above . click on images to enlarge .
dorsal rays xx - xxi , 13 - 14 ( total elements 34 - 35 ) ; anal rays ii , 21 - 23 ; pectoral rays 13 ; spines absent on top of head ; two longitudinal bony ridges on snout broken into distinct tubercles ; pelvic fins longer than pectoral fins ; spiny dorsal fin strongly elevated and sail - like in males , only first 3 spines elongated in females ; 3 - 5 small flag - like flaps on anterior edge of basal part of first dorsal spine of adult males ; membranes between first 4 dorsal spines of males slightly to deeply incised .
males with dark brown head and lighter brown body , sides with faint brown bars and white flecks ; dorsal fin of males black at front , before an area with broad yellow or red zones between diagonal black bands ; females generally pale , somewhat translucent with midlateral row of brown spots and numerous white flecks .
allen , g . r . and robertson , d . r . , 1994 . , fishes of the tropical eastern pacific . , crawford house press pty ltd : 1 - 332 .
findley , l . t . , hendrickx , m . e . , brusca , r . c . , van der heiden , a . m . , hastings , p . a . , torre , j . , 2003 . , diversidad de la macrofauna marina del golfo de california , mexico . , cd - rom versión 1 . 0 . projecto de la macrofauna del golfo . derechos reservados de los autores y conservación internacional .
fischer , w . , krup , f . , schneider , w . , sommer , c . , carpenter , k . e . and niem , v . h . , 1995 . , guia fao para la identificacion de especies de para los fines de la pesca . pacifico centro - oriental . volumen ii . vertebrados - parte 1 . , fao2 : 647 - 1200 .
ginsburg , i . , 1942 . , seven new american fishes . , j . wash . acad . sci . , 32 : 364 - 370 .
hastings , p . a . , 2000 . , biogeography of the tropical eastern pacific : distribution and phylogeny of chaenopsid fishes . , zoological journal of the linnean society , 128 : 319 - 335 .
lopez , m . i . and bussing , w . a . , 1982 . , lista provisional de los peces marinos de la costa rica . , revista de biologia tropical , 30 ( 1 ) : 5 - 26 .
i thank ashley macdonald and john pickering , university of georgia , for technical support in building this page .
body elongate ; head short and blunt ; head without spines ; snout with 2 longitudinal ridges broken into distinct tubercles ; 1 unbranched cirrus over eye that is often longer than eye ; 1 row of teeth on each side of roof of mouth ; dorsal fin xx - xxi , 13 - 14 , male with large , sail - like front of dorsal fin , membrane between 1st 4 spines indented , 1st spine with 3 - 5 small flag - like skin flaps at front at base ; 1st 3 dorsal spines elevated in female , then a notch ; anal rays ii , 21 - 23 ; pectoral rays 13 ; pelvic fin longer than pectoral .
html public
- / / w3c / / dtd html + rdfa 1 . 1 / / en
except where otherwise noted , content on this site is licensed under a creative commons attribution cc by licence .


coleotechnites condignella is a moth of the family gelechiidae .

it is found in north america , where it has been recorded from california , arizona , south carolina and florida .

the wingspan is 13 – 15 mm .

the forewings are white , thickly mottled with black and with a conspicuous deep black longitudinal streak from the base of the costa through the middle of the wing nearly to the apex , partly edged with white scales .

there is a thin , faint arrow-shaped transverse white fascia , pointing toward the apex at the apical fourth and a short black dash on the middle of the wing between the costal edge and the central longitudinal black streak .

there are three groups of raised scales , predominately black , on the dorsal part of the wing below the central black streak .

the hindwings are light fuscous , in males with a long ochreous yellow tuft of dilated hairs on the base of the dorsum .

the larvae feed on pinus ponderosa .

coleotechnites condignella

recurvaria condignella busck , 1929 ; proc . ent . soc . wash . 31 ( 1 ) : 13 ; tl : prescott , arizona ; valparaiso , florida
coleotechnites citriella chambers , 1880 ; rep . ent . u . s . dep . agric . 1879 : 206
coleotechnites ponderosae hodges & stevens , 1978 ; j . lep . soc . 32 : 118 ; tl : colorado , boulder
coleotechnites edulicola hodges & stevens , 1978 ; j . lep . soc . 32 : 120 ; tl : 14km n aztec , new mexico
coleotechnites is a genus of moth in the family gelechiidae . one of the best known species is the lodgepole needle miner ( c . milleri ) , a serious pest of forest trees in north america .
eucordylea albicostata freeman , 1965 ; j . res . lepid . 4 ( 3 ) : 217 ; tl : simcoe , ontario
recurvaria obliquistrigella ; kearfott , 1903 , j . n . y . ent . soc . 11 : 152 , pl . 9 , f . 2
larva on juniperus virginiana freeman , 1965 , j . res . lepid . 4 ( 3 ) : 218
recurvaria alnifructella busck , 1915 ; proc . ent . soc . wash . 17 ( 2 ) : 82 ; tl : falls church , virginia
evagora ardas freeman , 1961 ; can . ent . 92 ( suppl . 16 ) : 14
gelechia argenti - albella [ = argentialbella ] chambers , 1874 ; can . ent . 6 ( 12 ) : 241 ; tl : texas
eucordylea atrupictella dietz , 1900 ; ent . news 11 ( 2 ) : 350 , pl . 1 , f . 1 ; tl : hazleton , pennsylvania
evagora biopes freeman , 1961 ; can . ent . 92 ( suppl . 16 ) : 14
pulivarvaria carbonaria freeman , 1965 ; j . res . lepid . 4 ( 3 ) : 215 ; tl : simcoe , ontario
larva on juniperus sp . freeman , 1965 , j . res . lepid . 4 ( 3 ) : 216
recurvaria colubrinae busck , 1903 ; proc . u . s . nat . mus . 25 ( 1304 ) : 810 ; tl : rockport , texas
recurvaria coniferella kearfott , 1907 ; can . ent . 39 ( 1 ) : 3 ; tl : ottawa , canada
gelchia cristatella chambers , 1875 ; cincinnati q . j . sci . 2 ( 3 ) : 241 ; tl : kentucky
larva on pinus edulis hodges & stevens , 1978 , j . lep . soc . 32 : 122
eucordylea elucidella barnes & busck , 1920 ; contr . nat . hist . lepid . n . am . 4 ( 3 ) : 227 ; tl : san diego , california
recurvaria eryngiella bottimer , 1926 ; j . agr . reasearch 33 : 812 , pl . 2 , f . g ; tl : texas , chambers co . , stowell
evagora florae freeman , 1961 ; can . ent . 92 ( suppl . 16 ) : 19
eucordylea gallicola busck , 1915 ; proc . ent . soc . wash . 17 ( 2 ) : 81 ; tl : colorado springs , colorado
recurvaria gibsonella kearfott , 1907 ; can . ent . 39 ( 1 ) : 4 ; tl : new jersey
larva on juniperus communis kearfott , 1907 , can . ent . 39 ( 1 ) : 4
publicalvaria granti freeman , 1965 ; j . res . lepid . 4 ( 3 ) : 212 ; tl : boswell , british columbia
larva on abies grandis freeman , 1965 , j . res . lepid . 4 ( 3 ) : 212
eucordylea huntella keifer , 1936 ; bull . south calif . acad . sci . 35 : 16 , pl . 6 , f . 1 - 13
recurvaria invictella busck , 1908 ; ent . news 19 ( 7 ) : 316 ; tl : san diego , california
recurvaria juniperella kearfott , 1903 ; j . n . y . ent . soc . 11 : 157 , pl . 9 , f . 3 , 17 ; tl : caldwell , essex co . , new jersey
larva on juniperus communis kearfott , 1903 , j . n . y . ent . soc . 11 : 157
pulicalvaria laricis freeman , 1965 ; j . res . lepid . 4 ( 3 ) : 214 ; tl : ottawa , ontario
larva on larix laricina freeman , 1965 , j . res . lepid . 4 ( 3 ) : 215
evagora lewisi freeman , 1961 ; can . ent . 92 ( suppl . 16 ) : 15
eucordylea mackiei keifer , 1931 ; pan - pacific ent . 8 ( 2 ) : 61
pulicalvaria macleodi freeman , 1965 ; j . res . lepid . 4 ( 3 ) : 213 ; tl : twin elm , ontario
larva on tsuga canadensis freeman , 1965 , j . res . lepid . 4 ( 3 ) : 214
pulicalvaria martini freeman , 1965 ; j . res . lepid . 4 ( 3 ) : 209 ; tl : ancaster , ontario
larva on picea abies , p . glauca freeman , 1965 , j . res . lepid . 4 ( 3 ) : 210
recurvaria milleri busck , 1914 ; proc . ent . soc . wash . 16 ( 4 ) : 144 ; tl : yosemite national park , california
larva on pinus murrayana busck , 1914 , proc . ent . soc . wash . 16 ( 4 ) : 144
recurvaria moreonella heinrich , 1920 ; proc . u . s . nat . mus . 57 ( 2305 ) : 65 ; tl : cheyenne mtn , colorado
larva on pinus scopulorum heinrich , 1920 , proc . u . s . nat . mus . 57 ( 2305 ) : 65
anarsia obliqui - strigella [ = obliquistrigella ] chambers , 1872 ; can . ent . 4 ( 4 ) : 65 ; tl : kentucky
pulicalvaria occidentis freeman , 1965 ; j . res . lepid . 4 ( 3 ) : 216 ; tl : ta ta creek , british columbia
larva on juniperus scopulorum freeman , 1965 , j . res . lepid . 4 ( 3 ) : 217
hapalosaris petulans meyrick , 1917 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1917 ( 1 ) : 37 ; tl : colombia , la crumbre , 6600ft ; ecuador , huigra , 4500ft ; peru , chosica , 2800ft
larva on picea mariana kearfott , 1903 , j . n . y . ent . soc . 11 : 155 , picea pungens , p . abies , p . mariana , p . rubens [ me3 ] , 40
recurvaria pinella busck , 1906 ; can . ent . 38 ( 6 ) : 212 ; tl : manitou , colorado
larva on pinus ponderosa busck , 1906 , can . ent . 38 ( 6 ) : 212
larva on pinus ponderosa hodges & stevens , 1978 , j . lep . soc . 32 : 120
evagora resinosae freeman , 1961 ; can . ent . 92 ( suppl . 16 ) : 16
recurvaria stanfordia keifer , 1933 ; calif . dept . agric . , mon . bull . 22 : 354
recurvaria thujaella kearfott , 1903 ; j . n . y . ent . soc . 11 : 154 , pl . 9 , f . 8 , 21 ; tl : usa
larva on thuja occidentalis kearfott , 1903 , j . n . y . ent . soc . 11 : 154
gelechia variiella chambers , 1872 ; can . ent . 4 ( 9 ) : 174
[ afromoths ] de prins , j . & de prins , w . , 2013
sangmi lee , richard brown & sibyl bucheli . gelechioidea - a global framework ;
[ maps ] warning ! the maps are automatically generated from the textual information , and the process does not always produce acceptable result ; see about maps for more info .
zeller , 1873 beiträge zur kenntniss der nordamerikanischen nachtfälter , besonders der microlepidopteren ( 2 ) verh . zool . - bot . ges . wien 23 ( abh . ) : 201 - 334 , pl . 3 - 4
if you have corrections , comments or information to add into these pages , just send mail to markku savela keep in mind that the taxonomic information is copied from various sources , and may include many inaccuracies . expert help is welcome .
photographs are the copyrighted property of each photographer listed . contact individual photographers for permission to use for any purpose .
suggested by heppner as a species straying into , but not breeding in , florida .
eol content is automatically assembled from many different content providers . as a result , from time to time you may find pages on eol that are confusing .
to request an improvement , please leave a comment on the page . thank you !
moth size : 9mm . habitat : hurricane damaged areas ( open canopy ) . specimen collected by joseph d . culin , brian g . scholtens , and john a . snyder . species identified by brian g . scholtens .
moth size : 7mm . habitat : mixed stands of upland hardwood and pine . specimen collected by joseph d . culin , brian g . scholtens , and john a . snyder . species identified by brian g . scholtens .
moth size : 10mm . habitat : bald cypress dominant ( at least 75 % ) . specimen collected by joseph d . culin , brian g . scholtens , and john a . snyder . species identified by brian g . scholtens .
moth size : 8mm . habitat : mixed stands of upland hardwood and pine . specimen collected by joseph d . culin , brian g . scholtens , and john a . snyder . species identified by brian g . scholtens .
moth size : 9mm . habitat : young plantation pine - even stands ( pole or saplings ) . specimen collected by joseph d . culin , brian g . scholtens , and john a . snyder . species identified by brian g . scholtens .
moth size : 8mm . habitat : young plantation pine - even stands ( pole or saplings ) . specimen collected by joseph d . culin , brian g . scholtens , and john a . snyder . species identified by brian g . scholtens .
a taxon identifier is composed of name , author , year and attribute , all separated by a blank . these are all extracted from the original publication .
the name is reproduced exactly as proposed in the original publication . the name of a genus is made up of one word and species made up of two words ( genus and species ) separated by a blank .
the author ' s name is made up of a string of letters , with no blanks , and multiple authors ' names are separated by a comma . spelling of author ' s name is based on the original publication . if there are more than three authors , only the names of the first two authors are shown , followed by
, +
and the number of omitted authors .
attribute is enclosed in square brackets . this is rarely needed , but to differentiate homo - identifiers , this will contain the page , line or plate number of original publication .
all diacritic marks , hyphens , and apostrophes are eliminated , thus only the following characters are used : a to z , a to z , 0 to 9 , blank , comma , and opening and closing square brackets . although upper and lower cases are used for the convenience of human recognition , it is not case sensitive .
created by dicky sick ki yu 1997 - 2012 please send me information about errors and omissions ( contact information ) with supporting references , possibly with pdf or hard copy .


eudactylota diadota is a moth of the gelechiidae family .

it is found in north america , where it has been recorded from arizona .

the wingspan is 9.5 – 12 mm .

adults are similar to eudactylota iobapta , but there are pink scales on the costal margin of the forewings from the fascia to the apex .

eudactylota diadota

eudactylota diadota hodges , 1966 ; proc . u . s . nat . mus . 119 ( 3547 ) : 51 ; tl : madera canyon , 4880ft , santa rita mtns , arizona
eudactylota walsingham , 1911 ; biol . centr . - amer . lep . heterocera 4 : 54 ; ts : neodactylota barberella busck
eudactylota abstemia hodges , 1966 ; proc . u . s . nat . mus . 119 ( 3547 ) : 51 ; tl : madera canyon , 4880ft , santa rita mtns . , arizona
calliprora meyrick , 1914 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1914 : 242 ; ts : calliprora pentagramma meyrick
calliprora centrocrossa meyrick , 1922 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1922 : 67 ; tl : brazil , parintins
calliprora clistogramma meyrick , 1926 ; exot . microlep . 3 ( 9 ) : 281 ; tl : brazil , sao paulo
calliprora erethistis meyrick , 1922 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1922 : 70 ; tl : peru , jurimaguas
calliprora eurydelta meyrick , 1922 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1922 : 69 ; tl : peru , jurimaguas
calliprora pentagramma meyrick , 1914 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1914 : 243 ; tl : british guiana , bartica ; mallali
calliprora peritura meyrick , 1922 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1922 : 70 ; tl : brazil , para
calliprora platyxipha meyrick , 1922 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1922 : 69 ; tl : brazil , para , parintins
calliprora rhodogramma meyrick , 1922 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1922 : 67 ; tl : brazil , manaos , teffé
calliprora tetraplecta meyrick , 1922 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1922 : 68 ; tl : peru , iquitos
calliprora trigramma meyrick , 1914 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1914 : 243 ; tl : british guiana , bartica
sangmi lee , richard brown & sibyl bucheli . gelechioidea - a global framework ;
[ maps ] warning ! the maps are automatically generated from the textual information , and the process does not always produce acceptable result ; see about maps for more info .
sattler , 1973 a catalogue of the family - group and genus - group names of the gelechiidae , holcopogonidae , lecithoceridae and symmocidae ( lepidoptera ) bull . br . mus . nat . hist . ( ent . ) 28 ( 4 ) : 153 - 282
if you have corrections , comments or information to add into these pages , just send mail to markku savela keep in mind that the taxonomic information is copied from various sources , and may include many inaccuracies . expert help is welcome .
photographs are the copyrighted property of each photographer listed . contact individual photographers for permission to use for any purpose .
eol content is automatically assembled from many different content providers . as a result , from time to time you may find pages on eol that are confusing .
to request an improvement , please leave a comment on the page . thank you !
scientists aim to describe a single ' tree of life ' that reflects the evolutionary relationships of living things . however , evolutionary relationships are a matter of ongoing discovery , and there are different opinions about how living things should be grouped and named . eol reflects these differences by supporting several different scientific ' classifications ' . some species have been named more than once . such duplicates are listed under synonyms . eol also provides support for common names which may vary across regions as well as languages .
confused by a class within a class or an order within an order ? please see our brief essay .
to cite this page : myers , p . , r . espinosa , c . s . parr , t . jones , g . s . hammond , and t . a . dewey . 2018 . the animal diversity web ( online ) . accessed at https : / / animaldiversity . org .
disclaimer : the animal diversity web is an educational resource written largely by and for college students . adw doesn ' t cover all species in the world , nor does it include all the latest scientific information about organisms we describe . though we edit our accounts for accuracy , we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts . while adw staff and contributors provide references to books and websites that we believe are reputable , we cannot necessarily endorse the contents of references beyond our control .
this material is based upon work supported by the national science foundation grants drl 0089283 , drl 0628151 , due 0633095 , drl 0918590 , and due 1122742 . additional support has come from the marisla foundation , um college of literature , science , and the arts , museum of zoology , and information and technology services .
neodactylota barberella busck , 1903 ; proc . u . s . nat . mus . 25 ( 1304 ) : 836 , pl . 2 , f . 13 ; tl : williams , arizona
stomopteryx iobapta meyrick , 1927 ; exot . microlep . 3 ( 11 ) : 352
walsingham , 1911 lepidoptera , heterocera . tineina , pterophorina , orenodina and pyralidina and hepialidina ( part ) biol . centr . - amer . lep . heterocera 4 : 1 - 482 , pl . 1 - 10
html public
- / / w3c / / dtd xhtml 1 . 0 transitional / / en
urltoken
number of names appearing only in this repository : 2511782 ( 61 . 20 % )
description : ion will ultimately contain all the organism names related data found within the thomson reuters life science literature databases .