trichoglossus is a genus of lorikeet in the psittaculidae or true parrot superfamily .

the genus is distributed widely through australia , wallacea and melanesia , with outliers in the philippines and micronesia .

members of the genus are characterised by barring , sometimes prominently , on the upper breast .

trichoglossus

trichoglossus haematodus nigrogularis gray , gr 1858 pzs pt26 no . 358 p . 183
trichoglossus moluccanus ( gmelin ) 1788 syst . nat . 1 pt1 p . 316
trichoglossus ornatus ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 98
trichoglossus forsteni djampeanus hartert 1897 novit . zool . 4 no . 1 p . 172
trichoglossus forsteni stresemanni meise 1929 j . orn . 77 no . 3 p . 472
trichoglossus capistratus fortis hartert 1898 novit . zool . 5 no . 1 p . 120
trichoglossus haematodus nesophilus neumann 1929 j . orn . 77 no . 1 p . 197
trichoglossus moluccanus moluccanus ( gmelin ) 1788 syst . nat . 1 pt1 p . 316
trichoglossus euteles ( temminck ) 1835 pl . col . livr . 96 pl . 568
trichoglossus haematodus micropteryx : new guinea e of huon pen . ; kimuta and adjacent islands
trichoglossus haematodus flavicans cabanis & reichenow 1876 sitz . ges . nat . freundeberlin p . 73
trichoglossus flavoviridis wallace 1863 pzs [
1862
] pt3 p . 337 pl . 39
trichoglossus forsteni mitchellii gray , gr 1859 listbirdsbrit . mus . pt3 sect . 2 p . 62
trichoglossus haematodus massena bonaparte 1854 rev . mag . zool . ( 2 ) 6 p . 157
trichoglossus flavoviridis flavoviridis wallace 1863 pzs [
1862
] pt3 p . 337 pl . 39
trichoglossus chlorolepidotus ( kuhl ) 1820 novaactaacad . caes . leop . carol . 10 p . 48
trichoglossus haematodus intermedius : n new guinea ( sepik river to astrolabe bay ) and manam i .
trichoglossus moluccanus : e and se australia ( cape york to eyre pen . , south australia )
trichoglossus capistratus ( bechstein ) 1811 allg . uebers . vogel [ latham ] 4 1 p . 68
trichoglossus capistratus capistratus ( bechstein ) 1811 allg . uebers . vogel [ latham ] 4 1 p . 68
trichoglossus moluccanus septentrionalis robinson 1900 bull . liverp . mus . 2 no . 3 & 4 p . 115
trichoglossus haematodus nigrogularis ( brooki ) : known from two cage birds from trangan i . ( aru islands )
trichoglossus flavoviridis meyeri walden 1871 ann . mag . nat . hist . ( 4 ) 8 no . 46 p . 281
rainbow lorikeet , trichoglossus haematodus moluccanus , bird pests , south west region ( w . a . ) , western australia .
morphological and molecular characterization of eimeria haematodi , coccidian parasite ( apicomplexa : eimeriidae ) in a rainbow lorikeet ( trichoglossus haematodus ) .
trichoglossus weberi ( buttikofer ) 1894 reiseniederl . ost - ind . [ weber ] 3 p . 290 pl . 17 fig . 1
trichoglossus rubritorquis vigors & horsfield 1827 trans . linn . soc . london ( 1 ) 15 [
1826
] p . 291
trichoglossus haematodus deplanchii verreaux , j & des murs 1860 rev . mag . zool . ( 2 ) 12 no . 9 p . 388
rob de ruiter added the dutch common name
lori van de blauwe bergen
to
trichoglossus haematodus moluccanus ( gmelin 1788 )
.
chapman , t . ( 2005 ) , the status and impact of the rainbow lorikeet ( trichoglossus haematodus moluccanus ) in south - west western australia . department of agriculture and food , western australia , perth . report 04 / 2005 .
lecroy , m ; peckover , ws & k kisokau ( 1992 ) .
a population of rainbow lorikeets trichoglossus haematodus flavicans roosting and nesting on the ground
. emu 92 ( 3 ) : 187–190 . doi : 10 . 1071 / mu9920187 .
this report provides a summary of the biology and ecology of the rainbow lorikeet ( trichoglossus haematodus moluccanus ) , examines the status and management of the rainbow lorikeet in other regions ; assesses the threats posed by the feral population in south - west western australia ; and formulates the aims and objectives for an integrated pest management program .
the rainbow lorikeet ( trichoglossus moluccanus ) is a species of parrot found in australia . it is common along the eastern seaboard , from northern queensland to south australia and tasmania . its habitat is rainforest , coastal bush and woodland areas . several taxa traditionally listed as subspecies of the rainbow lorikeet are now treated as separate species ( see taxonomy ) .
trichoglossus haematodus , t . forsteni , t . capistratus , t . weberi , t . rubritorquis , t . moluccanus and t . rosenbergii ( del hoyo and collar 2014 ) were previously lumped as t . haematodus following christidis and boles ( 1994 ) , and before then were split as t . haematodus and t . rubritorquis following sibley and monroe ( 1990 , 1993 ) .
other synonyms catalan : cotorra arc iris , lori arc iris , lori dels cocoters czech : lori mnohobarvý danish : bjerglori , rødnakket lori german : allfarblori english : coconut lorikeet , rainbow lorikeet ( coconut ) spanish : lori arcoiris , lori de cocotero , tricogloso de pecho rojo spanish ( spain ) : lori arcoiris [ haematodus group ] estonian : viker - nestepapagoi finnish : sateenkaariluri french : loriquet à tête bleue , loriquet à tête bleue ( des cocotiers ) , loriquet à tête bleue [ haematodus ] hungarian : szivárványlóri indonesian : perkici pelangi , perkici pelangi ( kelapa ) italian : lorichetto arcobaleno japanese : goshikiseigaiinko , nyu - giniagoshikiseigaiinko ( haematodus guru - pu ) japanese : ゴシキゼイガイインコ , ニューギニアゴシキセイガイインコ , ニューギニアゴシキゼイガイインコ , ニューギニアゴシキセイガイインコ ( haematodus グループ ) latin : psittacus haematod . [ sic ] , trichoglossus haematodus , trichoglossus haematodus [ haematodus group ] , trichoglossus haematodus haematodus lithuanian : mėlyngalvė loriketė dutch : regenbooglori , regenbooglori ( haematodus groep ) norwegian : regnbeulori , regnbuelori , regnbuelori ( haematodus gr . ) polish : lorysa górska portuguese : lóris - arco - íris portuguese ( portugal ) : periquito - arco - íris [ grupo haematodus ] russian : многоцветный лорикет , острохвостый лорикет slovak : lori farbistý , lori mnohofarebný swedish : kokoslorikit , regnbågslorikit chinese : 彩虹鹦鹉 , 椰果彩虹鹦鹉 , 虹彩吸蜜鸚鵡 chinese ( traditional ) : 摩鹿加虹彩吸蜜鸚鵡
del hoyo , j . , collar , n . & kirwan , g . m . ( 2018 ) . rainbow lorikeet ( trichoglossus moluccanus ) . in : del hoyo , j . , elliott , a . , sargatal , j . , christie , d . a . & de juana , e . ( eds . ) . handbook of the birds of the world alive . lynx edicions , barcelona . ( retrieved from urltoken on 9 july 2018 ) .
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urltoken
strigops ( f . ) gray , gr 1845 gen . birds 2 p . 426 pl . cv
strigops habroptila gray , gr 1845 gen . birds 2 p . 427 pl . cv
nestor meridionalis ( gmelin ) 1788 syst . nat . 1 pt1 p . 333
nestor meridionalis meridionalis ( gmelin ) 1788 syst . nat . 1 pt1 p . 333
nestor meridionalis septentrionalis lorenz von liburnau , l 1896 verh . k . k . zool . - bot . ges . wien 46 p . 198
nymphicus hollandicus ( kerr ) 1792 anim . kingd . [ kerr ] 1 pt2 p . 580
calyptorhynchus banksii banksii ( latham ) 1790 indexorn . 1 p . 107 concept nomenclature
calyptorhynchus banksii graptogyne schodde , saunders , da & homberger 1989 canberrabirdnotes 13 p . 120
calyptorhynchus banksii macrorhynchus gould 1843 pzs [
1842
] pt10 no . 117 p . 138
calyptorhynchus banksii naso gould 1837 pzs [
1836
] pt4 no . 46 p . 106
calyptorhynchus banksii samueli mathews 1917 birdsaustr . [ mathews ] 6 pt2 p . 120
calyptorhynchus lathami ( temminck ) 1807 cat . syst . cab . orn . quad . p . 21
calyptorhynchus lathami erebus schodde & mason , ij 1993 emu 93 p . 156 - 166
calyptorhynchus lathami lathami ( temminck ) 1807 cat . syst . cab . orn . quad . p . 21
calyptorhynchus funereus ( shaw ) 1794 nat . misc . 6 pl . 186 , text
calyptorhynchus funereus funereus ( shaw ) 1794 nat . misc . 6 pl . 186 , text
calyptorhynchus funereus whiteae mathews 1912 australav . rec . 1 no . 2 p . 35
calyptorhynchus funereus xanthanotus gould 1838 syn . birdsaustr . pt4 app . p . 4
calyptorhynchus baudinii lear 1832 ill . psittac . [ lear ] pt12 pl . 6
calyptorhynchus latirostris carnaby 1948 w . austral . nat . 1 p . 136 - 138
probosciger aterrimus ( gmelin ) 1788 syst . nat . 1 pt1 p . 330
probosciger aterrimus aterrimus ( gmelin ) 1788 syst . nat . 1 pt1 p . 330
probosciger aterrimus goliath ( kuhl ) 1820 novaactaacad . caes . leop . carol . 10 p . 92
probosciger aterrimus macgillivrayi ( mathews ) 1912 novit . zool . 18 p . 261
callocephalon ( n . ) lesson 1837 j . navig . thet . esperance [ bougainville ] 2 p . 311 atlas pl . 39 , 40
callocephalon fimbriatum ( grant , j ) 1803 narr . voy . disc . news . wales pl . opp . p . 135
eolophus roseicapilla ( vieillot ) 1817 nouv . dict . hist . nat . 17 p . 12 nomenclature
eolophus roseicapilla kuhli ( mathews ) 1912 novit . zool . 18 p . 266
eolophus roseicapilla roseicapilla ( vieillot ) 1817 nouv . dict . hist . nat . 17 p . 12 nomenclature
lophochroa leadbeateri ( vigors ) 1831 pzs pt1 no . 6 p . 61 concept
lophochroa leadbeateri leadbeateri ( vigors ) 1831 pzs pt1 no . 6 p . 61 concept
lophochroa leadbeateri mollis ( mathews ) 1912 novit . zool . 18 p . 265
cacatua tenuirostris ( kuhl ) 1820 novaactaacad . caes . leop . carol . 10 p . 88
cacatua pastinator ( gould ) 1841 pzs [
1840
] pt8 no . 95 p . 175
cacatua pastinator derbyi ( mathews ) 1916 australav . rec . 3 p . 57
cacatua pastinator pastinator ( gould ) 1841 pzs [
1840
] pt8 no . 95 p . 175
cacatua sanguinea gould 1843 pzs [
1842
] pt10 no . 117 p . 138
cacatua sanguinea gymnopis sclater , pl 1871 pzs pt2 p . 490 , 493 , textfig .
cacatua sanguinea normantoni ( mathews ) 1917 birdsaustr . [ mathews ] 6 pt2 p . 211
cacatua sanguinea sanguinea gould 1843 pzs [
1842
] pt10 no . 117 p . 138
cacatua sanguinea westralensis ( mathews ) 1917 birdsaustr . [ mathews ] 6 pt2 p . 211
cacatua goffiniana roselaar , cs & michels 2004 zool . verh . leiden 350 p . 186 nomenclature
cacatua ducorpsii pucheran 1853 voy . polesudzool . 3 mamm . ois . p . 108 nomenclature
cacatua galerita eleonora finsch 1863 nederl . tijdschr . dierk . 1 p . xxi nomenclature
cacatua galerita fitzroyi ( mathews ) 1912 novit . zool . 18 p . 264
cacatua galerita triton temminck 1849 coup - d ' oeilposs . neerland . 3 p . 405 , note
cacatua sulphurea ( gmelin ) 1788 syst . nat . 1 pt1 p . 330
cacatua sulphurea abbotti ( oberholser ) 1917 proc . u . s . natl . mus . 54 no . 2232 p . 181
cacatua sulphurea citrinocristata ( fraser ) 1844 pzs pt12 no . 132 p . 38
cacatua sulphurea parvula ( bonaparte ) 1850 compt . rend . 30 p . 139
cacatua sulphurea sulphurea ( gmelin ) 1788 syst . nat . 1 pt1 p . 330
cacatua moluccensis ( gmelin ) 1788 syst . nat . 1 pt1 p . 331
poicephalus gulielmi ( jardine ) 1849 contrib . orn . [ jardine ] p .
64 - 14
pl . 28
poicephalus gulielmi gulielmi ( jardine ) 1849 contrib . orn . [ jardine ] p .
64 - 14
pl . 28
poicephalus gulielmi massaicus fischer & reichenow 1884 j . orn . 32 no . 165 p . 179 nomenclature
poicephalus flavifrons ( ruppell ) 1842 mus . senckenb . 3 no . 2 p . 126
poicephalus fuscicollis ( kuhl ) 1820 novaactaacad . caes . leop . carol . 10 p . 93 systematics
poicephalus fuscicollis fuscicollis ( kuhl ) 1820 novaactaacad . caes . leop . carol . 10 p . 93
poicephalus fuscicollis suahelicus reichenow 1898 j . orn . 46 no . 2 p . 314
poicephalus robustus ( gmelin ) 1788 syst . nat . 1 pt1 p . 344
poicephalus meyeri ( cretzschmar ) 1827 atlasreis . nord . afr . vog . [ ruppell ] [
1826
] p . 18 pl . 11
poicephalus meyeri damarensis neumann 1898 j . orn . 46 no . 3 p . 501
poicephalus meyeri matschiei neumann 1898 j . orn . 46 no . 3 p . 501
poicephalus meyeri meyeri ( cretzschmar ) 1827 atlasreis . nord . afr . vog . [ ruppell ] [
1826
] p . 18 pl . 11
poicephalus meyeri reichenowi neumann 1898 j . orn . 46 no . 3 p . 501
poicephalus meyeri transvaalensis neumann 1899 orn . monatsb . 7 no . 2 p . 25
poicephalus rueppellii ( gray , gr ) 1849 pzs [
1848
] pt16 no . 188 p . 125 pl . 5
poicephalus cryptoxanthus ( peters , w ) 1854 ber . k . preuss . akad . wiss . berlin p . 371
poicephalus cryptoxanthus cryptoxanthus ( peters , w ) 1854 ber . k . preuss . akad . wiss . berlin p . 371
poicephalus cryptoxanthus tanganyikae bowen 1930 proc . acad . nat . sci . philadelphia 82 p . 267
poicephalus crassus ( sharpe ) 1884 j . linn . soc . londonzool . 17 p . 429
poicephalus senegalus ( linnaeus ) 1766 syst . nat . ed . 12 p . 149
poicephalus senegalus senegalus ( linnaeus ) 1766 syst . nat . ed . 12 p . 149
poicephalus senegalus versteri finsch 1863 nederl . tijdschr . dierk . 1 p . xvi
poicephalus rufiventris ( ruppell ) 1842 mus . senckenb . 3 no . 2 p . 125
poicephalus rufiventris rufiventris ( ruppell ) 1842 mus . senckenb . 3 no . 2 p . 125
touit ( m . ) gray , gr 1855 cat . gen . subgen . birds p . 89 nomenclature
touit huetii ( temminck ) 1830 pl . col . livr . 83 pl . 491
touit costaricensis ( cory ) 1913 fieldmus . nat . hist . pub . orn . ser . 1 p . 283
touit dilectissimus ( sclater , pl & salvin ) 1871 pzs [
1870
] pt3 p . 788 pl . 47 nomenclature
touit purpuratus ( gmelin ) 1788 syst . nat . 1 pt1 p . 350 nomenclature
touit purpuratus purpuratus ( gmelin ) 1788 syst . nat . 1 pt1 p . 350 nomenclature
touit purpuratus viridiceps chapman 1929 am . mus . novit . no . 380 p . 10
touit melanonotus ( wied - neuwied ) 1820 reisebrasil . 1 p . 275 nomenclature
touit surdus ( kuhl ) 1820 novaactaacad . caes . leop . carol . 10 p . 59 nomenclature
touit stictopterus ( sclater , pl ) 1862 pzs pt1 p . 112 pl . 11 nomenclature
psilopsiagon aymara ( orbigny ) 1839 voy . am . merid . 2 p . 376 , note1
psilopsiagon aurifrons ( lesson ) 1830 cent . zool . p . 63 pl . 18
psilopsiagon aurifrons aurifrons ( lesson ) 1830 cent . zool . p . 63 pl . 18
psilopsiagon aurifrons margaritae ( berlioz & dorst ) 1956 ois . rev . franceorn . ( n . s . ) 26 p . 85
psilopsiagon aurifrons robertsi carriker 1933 proc . acad . nat . sci . philadelphia 85 p . 4
psilopsiagon aurifrons rubrirostris ( burmeister ) 1860 j . orn . 8 no . 46 p . 243
bolborhynchus lineola ( cassin ) 1853 proc . acad . nat . sci . philadelphia 6 p . 372
bolborhynchus lineola lineola ( cassin ) 1853 proc . acad . nat . sci . philadelphia 6 p . 372
bolborhynchus lineola tigrinus ( souance ) 1856 rev . mag . zool . ( 2 ) 8 p . 144
bolborhynchus orbygnesius ( souance ) 1856 rev . mag . zool . ( 2 ) 8 p . 63 , 64 nomenclature
nannopsittaca panychlora ( salvin & godman ) 1883 ibis p . 211 pl . 9 fig . 1
nannopsittaca dachilleae o ' neill , munn & franke 1991 auk 108 p . 225 , 226
myiopsitta monachus calita ( jardine & selby ) 1830 ill . orn . 2 pt6 pl . 82 , text [ p . 61 ]
myiopsitta monachus cotorra ( vieillot ) 1818 nouv . dict . hist . nat . 25 [
1817
] p . 362
brotogeris sanctithomae sanctithomae ( statius muller ) 1776 natursyst . suppl . p . 81
brotogeris sanctithomae takatsukasae neumann 1931 mitt . zool . mus . berlin 17 heft3 p . 442
brotogeris tirica ( gmelin ) 1788 syst . nat . 1 pt1 p . 351
brotogeris chiriri ( vieillot ) 1818 nouv . dict . hist . nat . 25 [
1817
] p . 359
brotogeris chiriri behni neumann 1931 mitt . zool . mus . berlin 17 heft3 p . 443
brotogeris chiriri chiriri ( vieillot ) 1818 nouv . dict . hist . nat . 25 [
1817
] p . 359
brotogeris pyrrhoptera ( latham ) 1802 suppl . ind . orn . p . xxii
brotogeris jugularis exsul todd 1917 proc . biol . soc . wash . 30 p . 129
brotogeris jugularis jugularis ( statius muller ) 1776 natursyst . suppl . p . 80
brotogeris cyanoptera ( pelzeln ) 1870 orn . brasil . abth . 3 p . 260 citation
brotogeris cyanoptera beniensis gyldenstolpe 1941 ark . zool . 33a no . 12 p . 9
brotogeris cyanoptera cyanoptera ( pelzeln ) 1870 orn . brasil . abth . 3 p . 260 citation
brotogeris chrysoptera ( linnaeus ) 1766 syst . nat . ed . 12 p . 149
brotogeris chrysoptera chrysoptera ( linnaeus ) 1766 syst . nat . ed . 12 p . 149
brotogeris chrysoptera solimoensis gyldenstolpe 1941 ark . zool . 33a no . 12 p . 10
brotogeris chrysoptera tenuifrons friedmann 1945 proc . biol . soc . wash . 58 p . 114
brotogeris chrysoptera tuipara ( gmelin ) 1788 syst . nat . 1 pt1 p . 348
triclaria malachitacea ( spix ) 1824 av . sp . nov . brasil . 1 p . 40 pl . 28
pyrilia haematotis ( sclater , pl & salvin ) 1860 pzs pt ( 28 ) 2 p . 300
pyrilia haematotis coccinicollaris ( lawrence ) 1862 ann . lyc . nat . hist . n . y . 7 p . 475
pyrilia haematotis haematotis ( sclater , pl & salvin ) 1860 pzs pt ( 28 ) 2 p . 300
pyrilia pyrilia ( bonaparte ) 1853 compt . rend . 37 p . 807 , note
pyrilia pulchra ( berlepsch ) 1897 orn . monatsb . 5 no . 11 p . 175
pyrilia barrabandi ( kuhl ) 1820 novaactaacad . caes . leop . carol . 10 p . 61
pyrilia barrabandi aurantiigena ( gyldenstolpe ) 1951 ark . zool . ( 2 ) 2 p . 14 , 67
pyrilia barrabandi barrabandi ( kuhl ) 1820 novaactaacad . caes . leop . carol . 10 p . 61
pyrilia caica ( latham ) 1790 indexorn . 1 p . 128 no . 137
pyrilia aurantiocephala ( gaban - lima , r , raposo , ma & hofling , e ) 2002 auk 119 p . 815 , 816 systematics
pyrilia vulturina ( kuhl ) 1820 novaactaacad . caes . leop . carol . 10 p . 62 systematics
hapalopsittaca amazonina ( des murs ) 1845 rev . zool . 8 p . 207
hapalopsittaca amazonina amazonina ( des murs ) 1845 rev . zool . 8 p . 207
hapalopsittaca amazonina theresae ( hellmayr ) 1915 verh . orn . ges . bayern 12 heft3 p . 214
hapalopsittaca amazonina velezi graves , gr & restrepo 1989 wilsonbull . 101 no . 3 p . 369 - 376 , front .
hapalopsittaca fuertesi ( chapman ) 1912 bull . am . mus . nat . hist . 31 p . 143
hapalopsittaca melanotis melanotis ( lafresnaye ) 1847 rev . zool . 10 p . 67
hapalopsittaca melanotis peruviana ( carriker ) 1932 proc . acad . nat . sci . philadelphia 83 [
1931
] p . 455
pionus sordidus ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 99
pionus sordidus antelius todd 1947 ann . carnegiemus . nat . hist . 30 p . 338
pionus sordidus corallinus bonaparte 1854 rev . mag . zool . ( 2 ) 6 p . 148
pionus sordidus mindoensis chapman 1925 am . mus . novit . no . 187 p . 1
pionus sordidus ponsi aveledo & gines 1950 mem . soc . cien . nat . lasalle 10 no . 26 p . 60
pionus sordidus saturatus todd 1915 proc . biol . soc . wash . 28 p . 81
pionus sordidus sordidus ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 99
pionus maximiliani ( kuhl ) 1820 novaactaacad . caes . leop . carol . 10 p . 72
pionus maximiliani lacerus heine 1884 j . orn . 32 no . 166 p . 265
pionus maximiliani maximiliani ( kuhl ) 1820 novaactaacad . caes . leop . carol . 10 p . 72
pionus maximiliani melanoblepharus ribeiro 1920 rev . mus . paulista 12 pt2 p . 61
pionus maximiliani siy souance 1856 rev . mag . zool . ( 2 ) 8 p . 155
pionus seniloides ( massena & souance ) 1854 rev . mag . zool . ( 2 ) 6 p . 73
pionus menstruus ( linnaeus ) 1766 syst . nat . ed . 12 p . 148
pionus menstruus menstruus ( linnaeus ) 1766 syst . nat . ed . 12 p . 148
pionus menstruus reichenowi heine 1884 j . orn . 32 no . 166 p . 264 nomenclature
pionus menstruus rubrigularis cabanis 1881 j . orn . 29 no . 154 p . 222
pionus senilis ( spix ) 1824 av . sp . nov . brasil . 1 p . 42 pl . 31 fig . 1
pionus chalcopterus ( fraser ) 1841 pzs [
1840
] pt8 no . 90 p . 59
graydidascalus brachyurus ( temminck & kuhl ) 1820 novaactaacad . caes . leop . carol . 10 p . 72
alipiopsitta ( f . ) capparoz , r & pacheco 2006 rev . brasil . orn . 14 no . 2 p . 174
alipiopsitta xanthops ( spix ) 1824 av . sp . nov . brasil . 1 p . 39 pl . 26
amazona festiva ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 101
amazona festiva bodini ( finsch ) 1873 pzs pt2 p . 569 pl . 49
amazona festiva festiva ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 101
amazona vinacea ( kuhl ) 1820 novaactaacad . caes . leop . carol . 10 p . 77
amazona tucumana ( cabanis ) 1885 j . orn . 33 no . 170 p . 221
amazona pretrei ( temminck ) 1830 pl . col . livr . 83 pl . 492
amazona agilis ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 99
amazona albifrons ( sparrman ) 1788 mus . carls . fasc . 3 no . 52 pl . 52
amazona albifrons albifrons ( sparrman ) 1788 mus . carls . fasc . 3 no . 52 pl . 52
amazona albifrons nana miller , w 1905 bull . am . mus . nat . hist . 21 p . 349
amazona albifrons saltuensis nelson 1899 proc . biol . soc . wash . 13 p . 26
amazona collaria ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 102
amazona leucocephala ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 100
amazona leucocephala bahamensis ( bryant , h ) 1867 proc . bostonsoc . nat . hist . 11 p . 65
amazona leucocephala hesterna bangs 1916 bull . mus . comp . zool . 60 p . 308
amazona leucocephala leucocephala ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 100
amazona vittata gracilipes† ridgway 1915 proc . biol . soc . wash . 28 p . 106
amazona autumnalis ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 102
amazona autumnalis autumnalis ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 102
amazona autumnalis lilacina lesson 1844 echomondesav . ( 2 ) 11 no . 30 col . 394 concept
amazona autumnalis salvini ( salvadori ) 1891 cat . birdsbrit . mus . 20 p . 271 , 300 pl . 7 fig . 3 citation
amazona diadema ( spix ) 1824 av . sp . nov . brasil . 1 p . 43 pl . 32
amazona viridigenalis ( cassin ) 1853 proc . acad . nat . sci . philadelphia 6 p . 371
amazona xantholora ( gray , gr ) 1859 listbirdsbrit . mus . pt3 sect . 2 p . 83
amazona dufresniana ( shaw ) 1812 gen . zool . [ shaw ] 8 pt2 p . 513
amazona oratrix belizensis monroe , bl jr & howell , tr 1966 occ . pap . mus . zool . lsu no . 34 p . 18
amazona oratrix oratrix ridgway 1887 man . n . am . birds p . 587
amazona auropalliata ( lesson , pa ) 1842 rev . zool . 5 p . 135
amazona auropalliata auropalliata ( lesson , pa ) 1842 rev . zool . 5 p . 135
amazona auropalliata parvipes monroe , bl jr & howell , tr 1966 occ . pap . mus . zool . lsu no . 34 p . 8
amazona ochrocephala ( gmelin ) 1788 syst . nat . 1 pt1 p . 339 concept
amazona ochrocephala nattereri ( finsch ) 1865 j . orn . 12 [
1864
] no . 72 p . 411 citation
amazona ochrocephala ochrocephala ( gmelin ) 1788 syst . nat . 1 pt1 p . 339 concept
amazona ochrocephala panamensis ( cabanis ) 1874 j . orn . 22 no . 127 p . 349
amazona barbadensis ( gmelin ) 1788 syst . nat . 1 pt1 p . 339
amazona aestiva ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 101
amazona aestiva aestiva ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 101
amazona aestiva xanthopteryx ( berlepsch ) 1896 orn . monatsb . 4 no . 11 p . 173
amazona mercenarius ( tschudi ) 1844 arch . naturgesch . 10 p . 303 nomenclature
amazona mercenarius canipalliata ( cabanis ) 1874 j . orn . 22 no . 125 p . 105
amazona mercenarius mercenarius ( tschudi ) 1844 arch . naturgesch . 10 p . 303
amazona guatemalae virenticeps ( salvadori ) 1891 cat . birdsbrit . mus . 20 p . 269 , 280 citation
amazona kawalli grantsau & camargo 1989 rev . brasil . biol . 49 p . 1018 concept
amazona brasiliensis ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 102
amazona amazonica ( linnaeus ) 1766 syst . nat . ed . 12 p . 147
amazona guildingii ( vigors ) 1837 pzs [
1836
] pt4 no . 45 p . 80
forpus ( m . ) boie , f 1858 j . orn . 6 no . 35 p . 363
forpus modestus ( cabanis ) 1849 reisenbrit . - guiana [ schomburgk ] 3 p . 727 nomenclature
forpus modestus modestus ( cabanis ) 1849 reisenbrit . - guiana [ schomburgk ] 3 p . 727 nomenclature
forpus modestus sclateri ( gray , gr ) 1859 listbirdsbrit . mus . pt3 sect . 2 p . 86
forpus cyanopygius ( souance ) 1856 rev . mag . zool . ( 2 ) 8 p . 157
forpus cyanopygius cyanopygius ( souance ) 1856 rev . mag . zool . ( 2 ) 8 p . 157
forpus cyanopygius insularis ( ridgway ) 1888 proc . u . s . natl . mus . 10 p . 541
forpus passerinus ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 103
forpus passerinus cyanochlorus ( schlegel ) 1864 mus . hist . pays - basrev . meth . crit . coll . livr . 5 no . 26 psittaci p . 31 concept
forpus passerinus cyanophanes ( todd ) 1915 proc . biol . soc . wash . 28 p . 81
forpus passerinus deliciosus ( ridgway ) 1888 proc . u . s . natl . mus . 10 p . 533 , 545
forpus passerinus passerinus ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 103
forpus passerinus viridissimus ( lafresnaye ) 1848 rev . zool . 11 p . 172
forpus spengeli ( hartlaub ) 1885 pzs pt3 no . 40 p . 614 pl . 38 fig . 1 nomenclature
forpus xanthopterygius ( spix ) 1824 av . sp . nov . brasil . 1 p . 38 pl . 34 fig . 1 nomenclature
forpus xanthopterygius flavescens ( salvadori ) 1891 cat . birdsbrit . mus . 20 p . 241 , 248 citation
forpus xanthopterygius flavissimus hellmayr 1929 fieldmus . nat . hist . pub . zool . ser . 12 p . 446
forpus xanthopterygius xanthopterygius ( spix ) 1824 av . sp . nov . brasil . 1 p . 38 pl . 34 fig . 1
forpus conspicillatus caucae ( chapman ) 1915 bull . am . mus . nat . hist . 34 p . 383
forpus conspicillatus conspicillatus ( lafresnaye ) 1848 rev . zool . 11 p . 172
forpus conspicillatus metae borrero & hernandez - camacho 1961 noved . colomb . 1 no . 6 p . 431
forpus xanthops ( salvin ) 1895 novit . zool . 2 p . 19 pl . 2 fig . 2
pionites ( m . ) heine 1890 nomen . mus . heine . orn . [ heine & reichenow ] p . 231
pionites melanocephalus ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 102
pionites melanocephalus melanocephalus ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 102
pionites melanocephalus pallidus ( berlepsch ) 1890 j . orn . 37 [
1889
] no . 187 p . 317 citation
pionites leucogaster ( kuhl ) 1820 novaactaacad . caes . leop . carol . 10 p . 70
pionites leucogaster leucogaster ( kuhl ) 1820 novaactaacad . caes . leop . carol . 10 p . 70
pionites leucogaster xanthomerius ( sclater , pl ) 1858 pzs [
1857
] pt25 no . 343 p . 266
pionites leucogaster xanthurus todd 1925 proc . biol . soc . wash . 38 p . 113
deroptyus accipitrinus ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 102
deroptyus accipitrinus accipitrinus ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 102
pyrrhura ( f . ) bonaparte 1856 naumannia 6 consp . psitt . inbeilag . no . 1 genus . 14
pyrrhura cruentata ( wied - neuwied ) 1820 reisebrasil . 1 p . 53 , 72
pyrrhura devillei ( massena & souance ) 1854 rev . mag . zool . ( 2 ) 6 p . 73
pyrrhura frontalis ( vieillot ) 1818 nouv . dict . hist . nat . 25 [
1817
] p . 361
pyrrhura frontalis chiripepe ( vieillot ) 1818 nouv . dict . hist . nat . 25 [
1817
] p . 361
pyrrhura frontalis frontalis ( vieillot ) 1818 nouv . dict . hist . nat . 25 [
1817
] p . 361
pyrrhura lepida ( wagler ) 1832 abh . k . bay . akad . wiss . 1 p . 642 concept
pyrrhura lepida anerythra neumann 1927 orn . monatsb . 35 no . 3 p . 89
pyrrhura lepida coerulescens neumann 1927 orn . monatsb . 35 no . 3 p . 89
pyrrhura lepida lepida ( wagler ) 1832 abh . k . bay . akad . wiss . 1 p . 642 concept
pyrrhura perlata ( spix ) 1824 av . sp . nov . brasil . 1 p . 35 pl . 20 concept
pyrrhura molinae ( massena & souance ) 1854 rev . mag . zool . ( 2 ) 6 p . 73
pyrrhura molinae australis todd 1915 proc . biol . soc . wash . 28 p . 82 citation
pyrrhura molinae flavoptera maijer , herzog , kessler , friggens & fjeldsa 1998 orn . neotrop . 9 p . 186
pyrrhura molinae hypoxantha ( salvadori & festa ) 1899 boll . mus . zool . anat . comp . torino
15
[ = 14 ] no . 363 p . 1 nomenclature
pyrrhura molinae molinae ( massena & souance ) 1854 rev . mag . zool . ( 2 ) 6 p . 73
pyrrhura molinae phoenicura ( schlegel ) 1864 mus . hist . pays - basrev . meth . crit . coll . livr . 5 no . 26 psittaci p . 26 concept
pyrrhura molinae restricta todd 1947 ann . carnegiemus . nat . hist . 30 p . 333
pyrrhura leucotis ( kuhl ) 1820 novaactaacad . caes . leop . carol . 10 p . 21 nomenclature
pyrrhura picta caeruleiceps todd 1947 ann . carnegiemus . nat . hist . 30 p . 337
pyrrhura picta picta ( statius muller ) 1776 natursyst . suppl . p . 75
pyrrhura picta subandina todd 1917 proc . biol . soc . wash . 30 p . 6
pyrrhura emma salvadori 1891 cat . birdsbrit . mus . 20 p . 212 , 217 pl . 1 citation
pyrrhura amazonum lucida arndt 2008 papageien [ arndt ] 21 p . 278 , 279
pyrrhura amazonum snethlageae joseph & bates , jm 2002 orn . neotrop . 13 p . 354
pyrrhura lucianii ( deville ) 1851 rev . mag . zool . ( 2 ) 3 p . 211
pyrrhura roseifrons ( gray , gr ) 1859 listbirdsbrit . mus . pt3 sect . 2 p . 42
pyrrhura roseifrons roseifrons ( gray , gr ) 1859 listbirdsbrit . mus . pt3 sect . 2 p . 42
pyrrhura roseifrons peruviana hocking , blake & joseph 2002 orn . neotrop . 13 p . 356
pyrrhura viridicata todd 1913 proc . biol . soc . wash . 26 p . 174
pyrrhura egregia ( sclater , pl ) 1881 ibis p . 130 pl . 4
pyrrhura egregia egregia ( sclater , pl ) 1881 ibis p . 130 pl . 4
pyrrhura egregia obscura zimmer & phelps , wh 1946 am . mus . novit . no . 1312 p . 1
pyrrhura melanura ( spix ) 1824 av . sp . nov . brasil . 1 p . 36 pl . 22
pyrrhura melanura berlepschi salvadori 1891 cat . birdsbrit . mus . 20 p . 212 , 224 pl . 2 fig . 1 citation
pyrrhura melanura chapmani bond & meyer de schauensee 1940 proc . acad . nat . sci . philadelphia 92 p . 156
pyrrhura melanura melanura ( spix ) 1824 av . sp . nov . brasil . 1 p . 36 pl . 22
pyrrhura melanura pacifica chapman 1915 bull . am . mus . nat . hist . 34 p . 382
pyrrhura melanura souancei ( verreaux , j ) 1858 rev . mag . zool . ( 2 ) 10 p . 437 pl . 12
pyrrhura orcesi ridgely & robbins 1988 wilsonbull . 100 no . 2 p . 174 , 175
pyrrhura albipectus chapman 1914 bull . am . mus . nat . hist . 33 p . 319
pyrrhura rupicola rupicola ( tschudi ) 1844 arch . naturgesch . 10 p . 304
pyrrhura rupicola sandiae bond & meyer de schauensee 1944 not . nat . no . 138 p . 1
pyrrhura calliptera ( massena & souance ) 1854 rev . mag . zool . ( 2 ) 6 p . 72
pyrrhura hoematotis souance 1857 rev . mag . zool . ( 2 ) 9 p . 97
pyrrhura hoematotis hoematotis souance 1857 rev . mag . zool . ( 2 ) 9 p . 97
pyrrhura hoematotis immarginata zimmer & phelps 1944 am . mus . novit . no . 1270 p . 4
pyrrhura rhodocephala ( sclater , pl & salvin ) 1871 pzs [
1870
] pt3 p . 787
pyrrhura hoffmanni ( cabanis ) 1861 sitz . ges . nat . freundeberlin [ no p . ]
pyrrhura hoffmanni gaudens bangs 1906 proc . biol . soc . wash . 19 p . 103
pyrrhura hoffmanni hoffmanni ( cabanis ) 1861 sitz . ges . nat . freundeberlin [ no p . ]
enicognathus ( m . ) gray , gr 1840 listgen . birds p . 51
enicognathus ferrugineus ferrugineus ( statius muller ) 1776 natursyst . suppl . p . 75
enicognathus ferrugineus minor ( chapman ) 1919 bull . am . mus . nat . hist . 41 p . 323
enicognathus leptorhynchus ( king ) 1831 pzs pt1 no . 1 p . 14 concept
cyanoliseus patagonus ( vieillot ) 1818 nouv . dict . hist . nat . 25 [
1817
] p . 367
cyanoliseus patagonus andinus dabbene & lillo 1913 an . mus . nac . hist . nat . buenosaires 24 p . 188 pl . 10
cyanoliseus patagonus patagonus ( vieillot ) 1818 nouv . dict . hist . nat . 25 [
1817
] p . 367
anodorhynchus leari bonaparte 1856 naumannia 6 consp . psitt . inbeilag . no . 1
anodorhynchus glaucus† ( vieillot ) 1816 nouv . dict . hist . nat . 2 p . 259
rhynchopsitta pachyrhyncha ( swainson ) 1827 philos . mag . n . s . 1 p . 439
rhynchopsitta terrisi moore , rt 1947 proc . biol . soc . wash . 60 p . 27
eupsittula nana astec ( souance ) 1857 rev . mag . zool . ( 2 ) 9 p . 97
eupsittula nana nana ( vigors ) 1830 zool . j . 5 p . 273
eupsittula nana vicinalis bangs & penard , te 1919 bull . mus . comp . zool . 63 p . 24
eupsittula canicularis ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 98
eupsittula canicularis canicularis ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 98
eupsittula canicularis clarae ( moore , rt ) 1937 proc . biol . soc . wash . 50 p . 101
eupsittula canicularis eburnirostrum ( lesson , pa ) 1842 rev . zool . 5 p . 135
eupsittula aurea ( gmelin ) 1788 syst . nat . 1 pt1 p . 329
eupsittula pertinax ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 98
eupsittula pertinax aeruginosa ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 98
eupsittula pertinax chrysogenys ( massena & souance ) 1854 rev . mag . zool . ( 2 ) 6 p . 72
eupsittula pertinax griseipecta ( meyer de schauensee ) 1950 not . nat . no . 221 p . 6
eupsittula pertinax lehmanni ( dugand ) 1943 caldasia 2 no . 7 p . 191
eupsittula pertinax margaritensis cory 1918 fieldmus . nat . hist . pub . zool . ser . 13 pub . 197 p . 63
eupsittula pertinax ocularis ( sclater , pl & salvin ) 1865 pzs [
1864
] pt3 p . 367 citation
eupsittula pertinax paraensis ( sick ) 1959 j . orn . 100 p . 413
eupsittula pertinax pertinax ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 98
eupsittula pertinax surinama ( zimmer & phelps , wh ) 1951 am . mus . novit . no . 1511 p . 1
eupsittula pertinax tortugensis ( cory ) 1909 fieldmus . nat . hist . pub . orn . ser . 1 p . 220
eupsittula pertinax venezuelae ( zimmer & phelps , wh ) 1951 am . mus . novit . no . 1511 p . 6
eupsittula pertinax xanthogenia ( bonaparte ) 1850 consp . gen . av . 1 p . 1
eupsittula cactorum ( kuhl ) 1820 novaactaacad . caes . leop . carol . 10 p . 82
eupsittula cactorum cactorum ( kuhl ) 1820 novaactaacad . caes . leop . carol . 10 p . 82
eupsittula cactorum caixana ( spix ) 1824 av . sp . nov . brasil . 1 p . 34 pl . 19 fig . 1
conuropsis carolinensis† ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 97 status
conuropsis† carolinensis carolinensis† ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 97
conuropsis† carolinensis ludoviciana† ( gmelin ) 1788 syst . nat . 1 pt1 p . 347
aratinga weddellii ( deville ) 1851 rev . mag . zool . ( 2 ) 3 p . 209
aratinga nenday ( vieillot ) 1823 tabl . encyc . meth . orn . 3 livr . 93 p . 1400
aratinga solstitialis ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 97
aratinga maculata ( statius muller ) 1776 natursyst . suppl . p . 74 nomenclature
aratinga jandaya ( gmelin ) 1788 syst . nat . 1 pt1 p . 319
aratinga auricapillus ( kuhl ) 1820 novaactaacad . caes . leop . carol . 10 p . 20 nomenclature
aratinga auricapillus auricapillus ( kuhl ) 1820 novaactaacad . caes . leop . carol . 10 p . 20 nomenclature
aratinga auricapillus aurifrons spix 1824 av . sp . nov . brasil . 1 p . 32 pl . 16 fig . 1
cyanopsitta spixii ( wagler ) 1832 abh . k . bay . akad . wiss . 1 p . 675
primolius couloni ( sclater , pl ) 1876 pzs pt1 p . 255 , fig .
primolius auricollis ( cassin ) 1853 proc . acad . nat . sci . philadelphia 6 p . 372
primolius maracana ( vieillot ) 1816 nouv . dict . hist . nat . 2 p . 260
ara ararauna ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 96
ara militaris ( linnaeus ) 1766 syst . nat . ed . 12 p . 139
ara militaris mexicanus ridgway 1915 proc . biol . soc . wash . 28 p . 106
ara militaris militaris ( linnaeus ) 1766 syst . nat . ed . 12 p . 139
ara ambiguus ( bechstein ) 1811 allg . uebers . vogel [ latham ] 4 1 p . 65
ara ambiguus ambiguus ( bechstein ) 1811 allg . uebers . vogel [ latham ] 4 1 p . 65
ara ambiguus guayaquilensis chapman 1925 am . mus . novit . no . 205 p . 2
ara macao ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 96
ara macao cyanopterus wiedenfeld 1995 orn . neotrop . 5 [
1994
] no . 2 p . 99 citation
ara macao macao ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 96
ara chloropterus gray , gr 1859 listbirdsbrit . mus . pt3 sect . 2 p . 26 nomenclature
ara tricolor† ( bechstein ) 1811 allg . uebers . vogel [ latham ] 4 1 p . 64 pl . 1 nomenclature
ara severus ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 97
leptosittaca ( f . ) berlepsch & stolzmann 1894 ibis p . 402 pl . 11
ognorhynchus icterotis ( massena & souance ) 1854 rev . mag . zool . ( 2 ) 6 p . 71
guaruba guarouba ( gmelin ) 1788 syst . nat . 1 pt1 p . 320 citation
diopsittaca nobilis ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 97
diopsittaca nobilis cumanensis ( lichtenstein ) 1823 verz . doubl . zool . mus . berlin p . 6
diopsittaca nobilis longipennis neumann 1931 mitt . zool . mus . berlin 17 heft3 p . 441 citation
diopsittaca nobilis nobilis ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 97
thectocercus acuticaudatus ( vieillot ) 1818 nouv . dict . hist . nat . 25 [
1817
] p . 369
thectocercus acuticaudatus acuticaudatus ( vieillot ) 1818 nouv . dict . hist . nat . 25 [
1817
] p . 369
thectocercus acuticaudatus haemorrhous ( spix ) 1824 av . sp . nov . brasil . 1 p . 29 pl . 13
thectocercus acuticaudatus neoxenus ( cory ) 1909 fieldmus . nat . hist . pub . orn . ser . 1 p . 243
thectocercus acuticaudatus neumanni ( blake & traylor ) 1947 fieldianazool . 31 no . 21 p . 166
psittacara holochlorus ( sclater , pl ) 1859 ann . mag . nat . hist . ( 3 ) 4 p . 224
psittacara holochlorus brewsteri ( nelson ) 1928 proc . biol . soc . wash . 41 p . 154
psittacara holochlorus holochlorus ( sclater , pl ) 1859 ann . mag . nat . hist . ( 3 ) 4 p . 224
psittacara brevipes ( lawrence ) 1871 ann . lyc . nat . hist . n . y . 10 [
1874
] p . 14
psittacara rubritorquis ( sclater , pl ) 1887 pzs [
1886
] pt4 no . 35 p . 539 pl . 56
psittacara strenuus ( ridgway ) 1915 proc . biol . soc . wash . 28 p . 106
psittacara wagleri ( gray , gr ) 1845 gen . birds 2 pl . cii
psittacara wagleri transilis ( peters , jl ) 1927 proc . newengl . zool . cl . 9 p . 111
psittacara wagleri wagleri ( gray , gr ) 1845 gen . birds 2 pl . cii
psittacara frontatus ( cabanis ) 1846 faunaperuana [ tschudi ] orn . p . 272 , note
psittacara frontatus frontatus ( cabanis ) 1846 faunaperuana [ tschudi ] orn . p . 272 , note
psittacara frontatus minor ( carriker ) 1933 proc . acad . nat . sci . philadelphia 85 p . 3
psittacara mitratus chlorogenys ( arndt ) 2006 j . orn . 147 p . 74
psittacara mitratus mitratus ( tschudi ) 1844 arch . naturgesch . 10 p . 304
psittacara mitratus tucumanus ( arndt ) 2006 j . orn . 147 p . 77
psittacara erythrogenys lesson 1844 echomondesav . ( 2 ) 11 no . 34 col . 486 , 487
psittacara leucophthalmus callogenys ( salvadori ) 1891 cat . birdsbrit . mus . 20 p . 171 , 188 citation
psittacara leucophthalmus leucophthalmus ( statius muller ) 1776 natursyst . suppl . p . 75
psittacara leucophthalmus nicefori meyer de schauensee 1946 not . nat . no . 163 p . 2
psittacara euops ( wagler ) 1832 abh . k . bay . akad . wiss . 1 p . 638 pl . 24 fig . 2
psittacara chloropterus souance 1856 rev . mag . zool . ( 2 ) 8 p . 59
psittacara maugei† souance 1856 rev . mag . zool . ( 2 ) 8 p . 59
psittrichas fulgidus ( lesson ) 1830 traitedorn . livr . 3 p . 181 citation
coracopsis vasa ( shaw ) 1812 gen . zool . [ shaw ] 8 pt2 p . 528
coracopsis vasa comorensis ( peters , w ) 1854 ber . k . preuss . akad . wiss . berlin p . 371
coracopsis vasa drouhardi lavauden 1929 alauda 1 no . 4 & 5 p . 231
coracopsis vasa vasa ( shaw ) 1812 gen . zool . [ shaw ] 8 pt2 p . 528
coracopsis nigra ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 99
coracopsis nigra libs bangs 1927 proc . newengl . zool . cl . 9 p . 83
coracopsis nigra nigra ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 99
coracopsis nigra sibilans milne - edwards & oustalet 1885 compt . rend . 101 p . 220
micropsitta keiensis ( salvadori ) 1876 ann . mus . civ . stor . nat . genova 7 [
1875
] p . 984
micropsitta keiensis chloroxantha oberholser 1917 proc . biol . soc . wash . 30 p . 126
micropsitta keiensis keiensis ( salvadori ) 1876 ann . mus . civ . stor . nat . genova 7 [
1875
] p . 984
micropsitta geelvinkiana ( schlegel ) 1871 nederl . tijdschr . dierk . 4 p . 7
micropsitta geelvinkiana geelvinkiana ( schlegel ) 1871 nederl . tijdschr . dierk . 4 p . 7
micropsitta geelvinkiana misoriensis ( salvadori ) 1876 ann . mus . civ . stor . nat . genova 7 [
1875
] p . 909
micropsitta pusio ( sclater , pl ) 1866 pzs [
1865
] pt3 p . 620 pl . 35
micropsitta pusio beccarii ( salvadori ) 1876 ann . mus . civ . stor . nat . genova 8 p . 396
micropsitta pusio harterti mayr 1940 am . mus . novit . no . 1091 p . 2
micropsitta pusio pusio ( sclater , pl ) 1866 pzs [
1865
] pt3 p . 620 pl . 35
micropsitta finschii ( ramsay , ep ) 1881 proc . linn . soc . news . wales 6 p . 180
micropsitta finschii finschii ( ramsay , ep ) 1881 proc . linn . soc . news . wales 6 p . 180
micropsitta finschii tristrami ( rothschild & hartert ) 1902 novit . zool . 9 p . 589
micropsitta finschii viridifrons ( rothschild & hartert ) 1899 orn . monatsb . 7 no . 9 p . 138
micropsitta bruijnii ( salvadori ) 1875 ann . mus . civ . stor . nat . genova 7 p . 715 , note , p . 753 , 907 pl . 21
micropsitta bruijnii bruijnii ( salvadori ) 1875 ann . mus . civ . stor . nat . genova 7 p . 715 , note , p . 753 , 907 pl . 21
micropsitta bruijnii pileata mayr 1940 am . mus . novit . no . 1091 p . 2
micropsitta bruijnii rosea mayr 1940 am . mus . novit . no . 1091 p . 2
polytelis swainsonii ( desmarest ) 1826 dict . sci . nat . 39 p . 39
polytelis anthopeplus ( lear ) 1831 ill . psittac . [ lear ] pt8 pl . 29
polytelis anthopeplus anthopeplus ( lear ) 1831 ill . psittac . [ lear ] pt8 pl . 29
alisterus amboinensis ( linnaeus ) 1766 syst . nat . ed . 12 p . 141
alisterus amboinensis amboinensis ( linnaeus ) 1766 syst . nat . ed . 12 p . 141
alisterus amboinensis buruensis ( salvadori ) 1876 ann . mus . civ . stor . nat . genova 8 p . 371
alisterus amboinensis dorsalis ( quoy & gaimard ) 1832 voy . astrolabezool . 1 [ 1830
] p . 234 atlasois . pl . 21 fig . 3
alisterus amboinensis hypophonius ( muller , s ) 1843 verh . nat . gesch . [ temminck ] land - volk . no . 6 p . 181 , note
alisterus amboinensis sulaensis ( reichenow ) 1881 j . orn . 29 no . 154 p . 128
alisterus chloropterus ( ramsay , ep ) 1879 proc . linn . soc . news . wales 3 pt3 p . 251
alisterus chloropterus callopterus ( albertis & salvadori ) 1879 ann . mus . civ . stor . nat . genova 14 p . 29
alisterus chloropterus chloropterus ( ramsay , ep ) 1879 proc . linn . soc . news . wales 3 pt3 p . 251
alisterus chloropterus moszkowskii ( reichenow ) 1911 orn . monatsb . 19 p . 82
alisterus scapularis ( lichtenstein ) 1816 zool . mus . univ . berlin p . 29
alisterus scapularis minor mathews 1911 novit . zool . 18 no . 1 p . 23
alisterus scapularis scapularis ( lichtenstein ) 1816 zool . mus . univ . berlin p . 29
aprosmictus jonquillaceus ( vieillot ) 1818 nouv . dict . hist . nat . 25 [
1817
] p . 352
aprosmictus jonquillaceus jonquillaceus ( vieillot ) 1818 nouv . dict . hist . nat . 25 [
1817
] p . 352
aprosmictus jonquillaceus wetterensis ( salvadori ) 1891 cat . birdsbrit . mus . 20 p . 481 , 484 citation
aprosmictus erythropterus ( gmelin ) 1788 syst . nat . 1 pt1 p . 343
aprosmictus erythropterus coccineopterus ( gould ) 1865 handb . birdsaustr . 2 p . 39
aprosmictus erythropterus erythropterus ( gmelin ) 1788 syst . nat . 1 pt1 p . 343
prioniturus platurus ( vieillot ) 1818 nouv . dict . hist . nat . 25 [
1817
] p . 314
prioniturus platurus platurus ( vieillot ) 1818 nouv . dict . hist . nat . 25 [
1817
] p . 314
prioniturus waterstradti malindangensis mearns 1909 proc . u . s . natl . mus . 36 no . 1678 p . 437
prioniturus platenae blasius , w 1888 braunschw . anz . no . 37 p . 335 author
prioniturus flavicans cassin 1853 proc . acad . nat . sci . philadelphia 6 p . 373
prioniturus discurus ( vieillot ) 1822 gal . ois . 1 p . 7 pl . 26
prioniturus discurus discurus ( vieillot ) 1822 gal . ois . 1 p . 7 pl . 26
prioniturus discurus whiteheadi salomonsen 1953 vidensk . medd . dansk . naturhist . for . 115 p . 224
eclectus roratus cornelia bonaparte 1850 compt . rend . 30 p . 135 , 136 citation
eclectus roratus macgillivrayi mathews 1913 australav . rec . 2 no . 4 p . 75
eclectus roratus polychloros ( scopoli ) 1786 del . flor . faun . insubr . 2 p . 87
eclectus roratus riedeli meyer , ab 1882 pzs [
1881
] pt4 p . 917
eclectus roratus roratus ( statius muller ) 1776 natursyst . suppl . p . 77
eclectus roratus solomonensis rothschild & hartert 1901 novit . zool . 8 no . 1 p . 82
eclectus roratus vosmaeri ( rothschild ) 1922 ann . mag . nat . hist . ( 9 ) 9 p . 412
eclectus roratus westermani† ( bonaparte ) 1850 consp . gen . av . 1 p . 4
geoffroyus geoffroyi ( bechstein ) 1811 allg . uebers . vogel [ latham ] 4 1 p . 103 pl . 21
geoffroyus geoffroyi aruensis ( gray , gr ) 1858 pzs pt26 no . 358 p . 183
geoffroyus geoffroyi cyanicollis ( muller , s ) 1841 verh . nat . gesch . [ temminck ] land - volk . no . 4 p . 108 , 182 , note
geoffroyus geoffroyi floresianus salvadori 1891 cat . birdsbrit . mus . 20 p . 400 , 406 citation
geoffroyus geoffroyi geoffroyi ( bechstein ) 1811 allg . uebers . vogel [ latham ] 4 1 p . 103 pl . 21
geoffroyus geoffroyi jobiensis ( meyer , ab ) 1874 sitz . k . akad . wiss . wien 70 p . 225
geoffroyus geoffroyi minor neumann 1922 verh . orn . ges . bayern 15 heft2 p . 235
geoffroyus geoffroyi mysorensis ( meyer , ab ) 1874 sitz . k . akad . wiss . wien 70 p . 225
geoffroyus geoffroyi pucherani souance 1856 rev . mag . zool . ( 2 ) 8 p . 218
geoffroyus geoffroyi rhodops ( schlegel ) 1864 mus . hist . pays - basrev . meth . crit . coll . livr . 5 no . 26 psittaci p . 43 , 44
geoffroyus geoffroyi sudestiensis de vis 1890 annualrep . brit . newguinea ( 1888 - 1889 ) app . g p . 58
geoffroyus geoffroyi timorlaoensis meyer , ab 1884 sitz . abh . naturwiss . ges . isisdresden heft1 p . 15
geoffroyus simplex ( meyer , ab ) 1874 verh . k . k . zool . - bot . ges . wien 24 p . 39 citation
geoffroyus simplex buergersi neumann 1922 verh . orn . ges . bayern 15 heft2 p . 235
geoffroyus simplex simplex ( meyer , ab ) 1874 verh . k . k . zool . - bot . ges . wien 24 p . 39 citation
geoffroyus heteroclitus ( hombron & jacquinot ) 1841 ann . sci . nat . zool . ( 2 ) 16 p . 319
geoffroyus heteroclitus heteroclitus ( hombron & jacquinot ) 1841 ann . sci . nat . zool . ( 2 ) 16 p . 319
geoffroyus heteroclitus hyacinthinus mayr 1931 am . mus . novit . no . 486 p . 13
psittinus cyanurus ( forster , jr ) 1795 faunulaindica . ed . 2 p . 6
psittinus cyanurus abbotti richmond 1902 proc . biol . soc . wash . 15 p . 188
psittinus cyanurus cyanurus ( forster , jr ) 1795 faunulaindica . ed . 2 p . 6
psittinus cyanurus pontius oberholser 1912 smiths . misc . coll . 60 no . 7 p . 5
tanygnathus megalorynchos hellmayri mayr 1944 bull . am . mus . nat . hist . 83 p . 134 , 149
tanygnathus megalorynchos sumbensis meyer , ab 1881 verh . k . k . zool . - bot . ges . wien 31 p . 762
tanygnathus lucionensis ( linnaeus ) 1766 syst . nat . ed . 12 p . 146
tanygnathus lucionensis hybridus salomonsen 1952 vidensk . medd . dansk . naturhist . for . 114 p . 347
tanygnathus lucionensis lucionensis ( linnaeus ) 1766 syst . nat . ed . 12 p . 146
tanygnathus lucionensis talautensis meyer , ab & wiglesworth 1895 abh . ber . mus . dresden 5 no . 9 p . 2
tanygnathus sumatranus ( raffles ) 1822 trans . linn . soc . london ( 1 ) 13 p . 281
tanygnathus sumatranus everetti tweeddale 1877 ann . mag . nat . hist . ( 4 ) 20 p . 533
tanygnathus sumatranus freeri mcgregor 1910 philip . j . sci . 5 p . 108
tanygnathus sumatranus sumatranus ( raffles ) 1822 trans . linn . soc . london ( 1 ) 13 p . 281
tanygnathus gramineus ( gmelin ) 1788 syst . nat . 1 pt1 p . 338
psittacula himalayana ( lesson ) 1831 voy . ind . orient . [ belanger ] zool . [
1834
] pt4 p . 239 citation
psittacula roseata biswas 1951 am . mus . novit . no . 1500 p . 4
psittacula roseata juneae biswas 1951 am . mus . novit . no . 1500 p . 5
psittacula roseata roseata biswas 1951 am . mus . novit . no . 1500 p . 4
psittacula cyanocephala ( linnaeus ) 1766 syst . nat . ed . 12 p . 141
psittacula alexandri ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 97
psittacula alexandri abbotti ( oberholser ) 1919 proc . biol . soc . wash . 32 p . 29
psittacula alexandri alexandri ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 97
psittacula alexandri cala ( oberholser ) 1912 smiths . misc . coll . 60 no . 7 p . 4
psittacula alexandri dammermani chasen & kloss 1932 bull . rafflesmus . no . 7 p . 8
psittacula alexandri fasciata ( statius muller ) 1776 natursyst . suppl . p . 74
psittacula alexandri major ( richmond ) 1902 proc . biol . soc . wash . 15 p . 188
psittacula alexandri perionca ( oberholser ) 1912 smiths . misc . coll . 60 no . 7 p . 4
psittacula derbiana ( fraser ) 1852 pzs [
1850
] pt18 no . 216 p . 245 pl . 25
psittacula longicauda defontainei chasen 1935 bull . rafflesmus . no . 9 [
1934
] p . 93 citation
psittacula longicauda modesta ( fraser ) 1845 pzs pt13 no . 144 p . 16
psittacula longicauda nicobarica ( gould ) 1857 birdsasia [ gould ] 6 pt9 pl . 13
psittacula longicauda tytleri ( hume ) 1874 str . feath . 2 p . 454
psittacula calthrapae ( blyth ) 1849 j . asiat . soc . bengal 18 pt2 p . 800
psittacula eupatria ( linnaeus ) 1766 syst . nat . ed . 12 p . 140
psittacula eupatria avensis ( kloss ) 1917 j . nat . hist . soc . siam 2 no . 3 p . 219
psittacula eupatria eupatria ( linnaeus ) 1766 syst . nat . ed . 12 p . 140
psittacula eupatria magnirostris ( ball ) 1872 j . asiat . soc . bengal 41 p . 278
psittacula eupatria nipalensis ( hodgson ) 1836 as . res . 19 p . 177
psittacula eupatria siamensis ( kloss ) 1917 j . nat . hist . soc . siam 2 no . 3 p . 219
psittacula wardi† ( newton , e ) 1867 ibis p . 341 , note concept citation
psittacula krameri borealis ( neumann ) 1915 orn . monatsb . 23 p . 178
psittacula krameri krameri ( scopoli ) 1769 annusihist . - nat . p . 31
psittacula krameri manillensis ( bechstein ) 1800 naturgesch . stubenthiereed . 2 1 p . 612 , note
psittacula krameri parvirostris ( souance ) 1856 rev . mag . zool . ( 2 ) 8 p . 157
psittacula eques echo ( newton , a & newton , e ) 1876 ibis p . 284 pl . 6
psittacula caniceps ( blyth ) 1846 j . asiat . soc . bengal 15 p . 23
psittacella brehmii schlegel 1871 nederl . tijdschr . dierk . 4 p . 35 citation
psittacella brehmii brehmii schlegel 1871 nederl . tijdschr . dierk . 4 p . 35 citation
psittacella brehmii harterti mayr 1931 mitt . zool . mus . berlin 17 heft5 p . 702
psittacella brehmii pallida meyer , ab 1886 zeitsch . ges . orn . 3 p . 3
psittacella picta excelsa mayr & gilliard 1951 am . mus . novit . no . 1524 p . 6
psittacella modesta modesta schlegel 1871 nederl . tijdschr . dierk . 4 p . 36
psittacella madaraszi meyer , ab 1886 zeitsch . ges . orn . 3 p . 4 pl . 1 fig . 1
psittacella madaraszi huonensis mayr & rand 1935 am . mus . novit . no . 814 p . 4
psittacella madaraszi madaraszi meyer , ab 1886 zeitsch . ges . orn . 3 p . 4 pl . 1 fig . 1
psephotus haematonotus ( gould ) 1838 pzs [
1837
] pt5 no . 57 p . 88
psephotus haematonotus caeruleus condon 1941 rec . s . austr . mus . 7 p . 141
psephotus haematonotus haematonotus ( gould ) 1838 pzs [
1837
] pt5 no . 57 p . 88
northiella haematogaster ( gould ) 1838 pzs [
1837
] pt5 no . 57 p . 89
northiella haematogaster haematogaster ( gould ) 1838 pzs [
1837
] pt5 no . 57 p . 89
northiella haematogaster haematorrhoa ( bonaparte ) 1856 naumannia 6 consp . psitt . inbeilag . no . 1 col . 13 citation
northiella haematogaster pallescens ( salvadori ) 1891 cat . birdsbrit . mus . 20 p . 563 citation
northiella narethae ( white , hl ) 1921 emu 21 p . 81 pl . 12
psephotellus chrysopterygius ( gould ) 1858 pzs [
1857
] pt25 no . 340 p . 220
psephotellus pulcherrimus † ( gould ) 1845 ann . mag . nat . hist . ( 1 ) 15 p . 115
purpureicephalus spurius ( kuhl ) 1820 novaactaacad . caes . leop . carol . 10 p . 52
platycercus caledonicus ( gmelin ) 1788 syst . nat . 1 pt1 p . 328
platycercus caledonicus brownii ( kuhl ) 1820 novaactaacad . caes . leop . carol . 10 p . 56
platycercus caledonicus caledonicus ( gmelin ) 1788 syst . nat . 1 pt1 p . 328
platycercus elegans ( gmelin ) 1788 syst . nat . 1 pt1 p . 318
platycercus elegans elegans ( gmelin ) 1788 syst . nat . 1 pt1 p . 318
platycercus elegans filewoodi mcallen & bruce 1989 birdsnews . wales p . ? ? ?
platycercus elegans flaveolus gould 1837 syn . birdsaustr . pt2 pl . [ 23 ]
platycercus elegans nigrescens ramsay , ep 1888 tab . listaustral . birds p . 34
platycercus venustus ( kuhl ) 1820 novaactaacad . caes . leop . carol . 10 p . 52
platycercus venustus venustus ( kuhl ) 1820 novaactaacad . caes . leop . carol . 10 p . 52
platycercus adscitus palliceps lear 1832 ill . psittac . [ lear ] pt12 pl . 19
platycercus eximius ( shaw ) 1792 nat . misc . 3 pl . 93 , text
platycercus eximius diemenensis north 1911 austral . mus . spec . cat . no . 1 3 pt2 p . 128
platycercus eximius eximius ( shaw ) 1792 nat . misc . 3 pl . 93 , text
platycercus icterotis ( temminck & kuhl ) 1820 novaactaacad . caes . leop . carol . 10 p . 54
platycercus icterotis icterotis ( temminck & kuhl ) 1820 novaactaacad . caes . leop . carol . 10 p . 54
barnardius zonarius ( shaw ) 1805 nat . misc . 16 pl . 657 , text
barnardius zonarius barnardi ( vigors & horsfield ) 1827 trans . linn . soc . london ( 1 ) 15 [
1826
] p . 283
barnardius zonarius macgillivrayi ( north ) 1900 vict . nat . 17 no . 5 p . 91
barnardius zonarius parkeri forshaw & joseph 2016 emu 116 no . 4 p . 440 - 444
barnardius zonarius semitorquatus ( quoy & gaimard ) 1832 voy . astrolabezool . 1 [
1830
] p . 237 atlasois . pl . 23
barnardius zonarius zonarius ( shaw ) 1805 nat . misc . 16 pl . 657 , text
lathamus discolor ( shaw ) 1790 j . voy . news . wales [ white ] pl . 49 author
prosopeia splendens ( peale ) 1849 u . s . expl . exped . 8 [
1848
] p . 127
prosopeia personata ( gray , gr ) 1848 pzs pt16 no . 181 p . 21 pl . 3
prosopeia tabuensis ( gmelin ) 1788 syst . nat . 1 pt1 p . 317
prosopeia tabuensis tabuensis ( gmelin ) 1788 syst . nat . 1 pt1 p . 317
eunymphicus ( m . ) peters , jl 1937 check - listbirdsworld 3 p . 269
eunymphicus cornutus ( gmelin ) 1788 syst . nat . 1 pt1 p . 327
eunymphicus uvaeensis ( layard , el & layard , elc ) 1882 pzs pt2 p . 408 pl . 26 fig . 2
cyanoramphus ulietanus† ( gmelin ) 1788 syst . nat . 1 pt1 p . 328
cyanoramphus saisseti verreaux , j & des murs 1860 rev . mag . zool . ( 2 ) 12 p . 387
cyanoramphus cookii ( gray , gr ) 1859 listbirdsbrit . mus . pt3 sect . 2 p . 13
cyanoramphus subflavescens† salvadori 1891 ann . mag . nat . hist . ( 6 ) 7 p . 68
cyanoramphus unicolor ( lear ) 1831 ill . psittac . [ lear ] pt4 pl . 25
cyanoramphus auriceps ( kuhl ) 1820 novaactaacad . caes . leop . carol . 10 p . 46
cyanoramphus malherbi souance 1857 rev . mag . zool . ( 2 ) 9 p . 98 concept
cyanoramphus novaezelandiae ( sparrman ) 1787 mus . carls . fasc . 2 no . xxviii pl . 28 concept
cyanoramphus novaezelandiae cyanurus salvadori 1891 ann . mag . nat . hist . ( 6 ) 7 p . 68
cyanoramphus novaezelandiae novaezelandiae ( sparrman ) 1787 mus . carls . fasc . 2 no . xxviii pl . 28 concept
cyanoramphus hochstetteri ( reischek ) 1889 trans . n . z . inst . 21 [
1888
] p . 387
cyanoramphus erythrotis† ( wagler ) 1832 abh . k . bay . akad . wiss . 1 p . 526 citation
pezoporus wallicus ( kerr ) 1792 anim . kingd . [ kerr ] 1 pt2 p . 581
pezoporus wallicus wallicus ( kerr ) 1792 anim . kingd . [ kerr ] 1 pt2 p . 581
pezoporus flaviventris north 1911 austral . mus . spec . cat . no . 1 3 pt2 p . 175
neophema chrysostoma ( kuhl ) 1820 novaactaacad . caes . leop . carol . 10 p . 50 pl . 1
neophema elegans carteri ( mathews ) 1912 novit . zool . 18 p . 278
neophema elegans elegans ( gould ) 1837 pzs pt5 no . 50 p . 25
neophema petrophila ( gould ) 1841 pzs [
1840
] pt8 no . 94 p . 148
neophema petrophila petrophila ( gould ) 1841 pzs [
1840
] pt8 no . 94 p . 148
neophema petrophila zietzi ( mathews ) 1912 novit . zool . 18 p . 278
neophema pulchella ( shaw ) 1792 nat . misc . 3 pl . 96 , text
neophema splendida ( gould ) 1841 pzs [
1840
] pt8 no . 94 p . 147
oreopsittacus arfaki ( meyer , ab ) 1874 verh . k . k . zool . - bot . ges . wien 24 p . 37
oreopsittacus arfaki arfaki ( meyer , ab ) 1874 verh . k . k . zool . - bot . ges . wien 24 p . 37
charmosyna palmarum ( gmelin ) 1788 syst . nat . 1 pt1 p . 329
charmosyna meeki ( rothschild & hartert ) 1901 novit . zool . 8 p . 187
charmosyna toxopei ( siebers ) 1930 treubia 7 suppl . livr . 5 p . 252 pl . 4
charmosyna wilhelminae ( meyer , ab ) 1874 j . orn . 22 no . 125 p . 55 , 56
charmosyna rubronotata kordoana ( meyer , ab ) 1874 verh . k . k . zool . - bot . ges . wien 24 p . 38
charmosyna placentis ( temminck ) 1835 pl . col . livr . 93 pl . 553
charmosyna placentis ornata mayr 1940 am . mus . novit . no . 1091 p . 1
charmosyna placentis pallidior ( rothschild & hartert ) 1905 novit . zool . 12 p . 253
charmosyna placentis placentis ( temminck ) 1835 pl . col . livr . 93 pl . 553
charmosyna diadema† ( verreaux , j & des murs ) 1860 rev . mag . zool . ( 2 ) 12 p . 390
charmosyna amabilis ( ramsay , ep ) 1875 morningherald [ sydney ] no . ? p . ?
charmosyna pulchella gray , gr 1859 listbirdsbrit . mus . pt3 sect . 2 p . 102
charmosyna pulchella pulchella gray , gr 1859 listbirdsbrit . mus . pt3 sect . 2 p . 102
charmosyna pulchella rothschildi ( hartert ) 1930 novit . zool . 36 p . 105
charmosyna josefinae ( finsch ) 1873 attisoc . ital . sci . nat . mus . civ . stor . nat . milano 15 p . 427 pl . 7
charmosyna josefinae josefinae ( finsch ) 1873 attisoc . ital . sci . nat . mus . civ . stor . nat . milano 15 p . 427 pl . 7
charmosyna josefinae sepikiana neumann 1922 verh . orn . ges . bayern 15 heft2 p . 235
charmosyna papou ( scopoli ) 1786 del . flor . faun . insubr . 2 p . 86
charmosyna papou goliathina rothschild & hartert 1911 novit . zool . 18 no . 2 p . 160
charmosyna papou papou ( scopoli ) 1786 del . flor . faun . insubr . 2 p . 86
charmosyna papou stellae meyer , ab 1886 zeitsch . ges . orn . 3 p . 9 pl . 2 concept
vini australis ( gmelin ) 1788 syst . nat . 1 pt1 p . 329
vini kuhlii ( vigors ) 1824 zool . j . 1 no . 3 p . 412 pl . 16
vini stepheni ( north ) 1908 rec . austr . mus . 7 no . 1 p . 29
vini ultramarina ( kuhl ) 1820 novaactaacad . caes . leop . carol . 10 p . 49
phigys ( m . ) gray , gr 1870 hand - listgen . spec . birds [ gray ] 2 p . 154
phigys solitarius ( suckow ) 1800 anf . theor . ang . naturgesch . thier . 2 pt1 p . 334
neopsittacus musschenbroekii ( schlegel ) 1871 nederl . tijdschr . dierk . 4 p . 34
parvipsitta pusilla ( shaw ) 1790 j . voy . news . wales [ white ] p . 262 pl . 48
parvipsitta porphyrocephala ( dietrichsen ) 1837 trans . linn . soc . london ( 1 ) 17 p . 553
lorius garrulus ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 100


the white-eyed vireo ( vireo griseus ) is a small songbird .

it breeds in the southeastern united states from new jersey west to northern missouri and south to texas and florida , and also in eastern mexico , northern central america , cuba and the bahamas .

populations on the us gulf coast and further south are resident , but most north american birds migrate south in winter .

this vireo frequents bushes and shrubs in abandoned cultivation or overgrown pastures .

the grass-lined nest is a neat cup shape , attached to a fork in a tree branch by spider webs .

it lays 3 – 5 dark-spotted white eggs .

both the male and female incubate the eggs for 12 – 16 days .

the young leave the nest 9 – 11 days after hatching .

the white-eyed vireo is 13 – 15 cm ( 5.1 – 5.9 in ) in length .

its head and back are a greyish olive , and the underparts are white with yellow flanks .

the wings and tail are dark , and there are two white wing bars on each wing .

the eyes have white irises , and are surrounded by yellow spectacles .

sexes are similar .

the white-eyed vireo 's song is a variable and rapid six to seven note phrase , starting and ending with a sharp chick .

during the breeding season , the diet of this species consists almost exclusively of insects , primarily caterpillars .

in the autumn and winter it supplements its diet of insects with berries .

white - eyed vireo

white - eyed vireos forage methodically , often fairly low in dense shrubs and small trees .
other synonyms catalan : viri d ' ulls blancs czech : zelenácek belooký , zelenáček bělooký danish : hvidøjet vireo german : weißaugenvireo , weissaugen - vireo english : bermuda vireo , key west vireo , rio grande vireo , white - eyed greenlet , white - eyed vireo spanish : julián chiví ojiblanco , verderón , vireo de ojo blanco , vireo de ojos blancos , vireo ojiblanco , vireo ojo blanco , vireo ojos blancos spanish ( colombia ) : verderón , verderón grisáceo spanish ( costa rica ) : vireo ojiblanco spanish ( cuba ) : vireo de ojo blanco spanish ( dominican rep . ) : vireo de ojo blanco spanish ( spain ) : vireo ojiblanco spanish ( honduras ) : vireo ojiblanco spanish ( mexico ) : vireo ojiblanco , vireo ojo blanco , vireo ojos blancos spanish ( nicaragua ) : vireo ojiblanco spanish ( panama ) : vireo ojiblanco spanish ( puerto rico ) : vireo ojiblanco finnish : valkosilmävireo french : viréo aux yeux blancs haitian creole french : ti panach je blanch hungarian : fehérszemű lombgébics italian : vireo occhibianchi japanese : mejiromozumodoki japanese : メジロモズモドキ latin : tanagra grisea , vireo griseus , vireo griseus griseus , vireo noveboracensis lithuanian : baltaakis vireonas latvian : baltacu zaļulis dutch : witoogvireo norwegian : hvitøyevireo polish : wireonek bialooki , wireonek białooki portuguese : juruviara - de - olhos - brancos , víreo - d ' olho - branco portuguese ( portugal ) : juruviara - d ' olhos - brancos russian : белоглазый виреон slovak : vireo bielooký serbian : belooki zelenić swedish : vitögd vireo chinese : 白眼莺雀 chinese ( traditional ) : 白眼綠鵙
a roughly 400 , 000 year old wing bone from a white - eyed vireo is the only fossil record of all vireos in north america .
the white - eyed vireo is one of only two perching birds in the u . s . with white eyes . the other , the wrentit , is only found in the westernmost part of the country .
the white - eyed vireo is commonly known in bermuda as the ' chick - of - the - village ' . the bermudian population of this songbird is an endemic sub - species of the north american white - eyed vireo . the bermudian species has shorter wings and is a duller colour than its north american relative .
this vireo wears yellow spectacles surrounding its white eye . it has yellow - washed sides , a gray head , a white chest and throat , and 2 white wingbars . young birds have a dark eye that turns white in their first winter or spring .
white - eyed vireos live in dense tangles including forest edges , wetland thickets , regrowing woodland , and overgrown fields .
a principal restriction on the white - eyed vireo appears to be the availability of suitable habitat . since the dense scrub this species prefers has little economic value , it is rarely protected . the white - eyed vireo is more variable in habitat use on its wintering grounds , however , and probably has not been seriously harmed by habitat changes in the subtropics . although its numbers have shown a slight decline , the species has expanded the northern edge of its range . as long as secondary deciduous scrub is available , the white - eyed vireo most likely will continue to thrive .
dark wings with two white wingbars . pale underparts : white throat and center of belly , with yellow wash on flanks .
the white - eyed vireo is common in its preferred habitat of dense secondary deciduous scrub , wood margins , and overgrown pastures . on its wintering grounds it is sympatric with several closely related vireos but avoids interspecific competition by use of habitat shift , niche partitioning , and interspecific territoriality . in the breeding season , white - eyed vireo males defend territories for the monogamous breeding pair . nests are pendulous cups and usually well hidden in dense growth . both parents participate in nest - building and care for young . nearly half of all white - eyed vireo nests are parasitized by brown - headed cowbirds ( molothrus ater ) , in which case vireo offspring do not survive .
the white - eyed vireo is common in its preferred habitat of dense secondary deciduous scrub , wood margins , and overgrown pastures . on its wintering grounds it is sympatric with several closely related vireos but avoids interspecific competition by use of habitat shift , niche partitioning , and interspecific territoriality . in the breeding season , white - eyed vireo males defend territories for the monogamous breeding pair . nests are pendulous cups and usually well hidden in dense growth . both parents participate in nest - building and care for young . nearly half of all white - eyed vireo nests are parasitized by brown - headed cowbirds ( molothrus ater ) , in which case vireo offspring do not survive .
like most members of the vireonidae , the red - eyed vireo is known for its habit of constantly singing throughout the day during the breeding season .
the white - eyed vireo is a migratory songbird more frequently detected by ear than by eye . although this species is cryptic in both plumage and behavior , male white - eyed vireos compensate with explosive and complex singing . individuals have repertoires of a dozen or more distinct songs , each comprising six to ten highly variable elements . because of its complex song delivery , this species is a compelling subject for studies of vocal communication .
brewer , d . ( 2018 ) . white - eyed vireo ( vireo griseus ) . in : del hoyo , j . , elliott , a . , sargatal , j . , christie , d . a . & de juana , e . ( eds . ) . handbook of the birds of the world alive . lynx edicions , barcelona . ( retrieved from urltoken on 9 july 2018 ) .
zones ( the warbling vireo ) , and mangroves of southern florida ( black - whiskered vireo ) . members of the family either occur high up in the trees , or low down in thick scrubby vegetation .
the white - eyed vireo is a small songbird found in the southeastern united states , including new jersey , northern missouri , texas , florida , eastern mexico , northern central america , cuba and the bahamas . most northern populations in north america will migrate south in winter months , searching for warmer climates . the preferred habitat for this species includes brushlands and shrublands found in neglected pastures and cultivated farmland . nests are cup - shaped , and attached to tree branches via spider webs . diets consist mainly of insects , including caterpillars , and berries in the winter . the current conservation rating for the white - eyed vireo is least concern .
with yellow sides and flanks . spectacles are pale yellow and iris is white . wings are dark with two white bars . legs and feet are gray . flight is fast and direct on short , rounded wings .
white - eyed vireo : breeds from nebraska to massachusetts , south to eastern mexico and throughout florida . winters from the southern gulf coast to central america and from coastal north carolina , the bahamas , and bermuda to the caribbean . found in dense thickets , cypress swamps , and scrubby edges of roads , and ponds . avoids urban areas but may be found in wooded parks near large cities .
small songbird with thick , straight bill . gray head and yellow spectacles contrast with white throat . flanks are washed with yellow .
the white - eyed vireo is small and brightly - colored , but often secretive as it forages in low shrubby vegetation . its loud , chattering song is a familar sound in spring and summer in the southeastern u . s . ml video # 465878 . recorded by larry r . arbanas . for more bird videos and sounds , explore the macaulay library at the cornell lab of ornithology visit : urltoken for additional identification and life history information visit : urltoken
a busy bird of the thickets , most common in the southeast . although the white - eyed vireo usually stays in dense cover , it is not always hard to see ; it will come up to examine and scold a birder who stands near the bushes and makes squeaking sounds . even when it remains out of sight , its snappy song is distinctive . in bermuda , where the bird is common , it is widely known as
chick - of - the - village ,
a good rendition of the song .
thirty - seven species of vireos in four genera occur in north america . in addition to various vireo species , the neotropical peppershrikes and greenlets are also members of this family .
the white - eyed vireo ' s song is rapid , harsh , and nasal with sharp chips at beginning and end . they sing several different series of notes , repeating each series multiple times before switching to a new series . they even mimic the sounds of other birds , often sounding like a gray catbird . some suggest that they sing spit . and see if i care . spit . while others suggest they sing pik - chicka - weew . they sing at all hours of the day , but tend to sing more frequently at dawn and dusk . males and females sing on the wintering grounds , but only males have been observed singing on the breeding grounds .
observed and recorded ( in two segments ) a white - eyed vireo mimicking the call notes of a great crested flycatcher , which has not yet returned to this territory for the summer . when i first began to observe it , the wevi produced the mimic call notes between a series of typical
skip - to - my - lou - lou
phrases . this recording captured its pattern of
skip - to - my - lou - lou
phrase followed by two straight mimic notes . following this series , the same wevi mimicked five straight gcfl call notes over 36 seconds [ xc403847 ] before repeating another typical
skip - to - my - lou - lou
phrase .
the cassin’s , plumbeous , and blue - headed vireos were at one time thought to be distinct subspecies of the same species , the solitary vireo . they were split after studies demonstrated that their plumages , songs , and habitat use differed enough to rank them as separate species .
4 , sometimes 3 - 5 . white with specks of brown or black . incubation is by both parents , 13 - 15 days . nests are commonly parasitized by cowbirds . young : both parents feed the nestlings . young leave the nest about 9 - 11 days after hatching . 1 brood per year in the north , 2 in the south .
the department of environment and natural resources has released the recovery plan for the leafcutter bee , megachile pruina pruina , on bermuda .
bermuda ' s shipwrecks and the high tech methods being used to bring them to life , were featured last night ( march 22nd ) on pbs news hour .
take a moment to enjoy the beauty and tranquility of a spotted eagle ray gliding through the waters of eastern blue cut .
the recovery plan for the common tern ( sterna hirundo ) , on bermuda , is now available for download .
written by miguel mejias , phd student and summer intern for the department of environment and natural resources , this document highlights the specific threats and the feasible solutions for the survival for the common tern in bermuda .
the cahow recovery programs 2016 - 2017 breeding season report for bermuda ' s endangered national bird , is now available for download .
tune into the cahowcam this month to witness the courtship and nest building activities of our endemic cahows .
dr brian luckhurst , former senior fisheries officer for the department of environmental protection , will be presenting the keynote address at the 70th annual conference of the gulf and caribbean fisheries institute ( gcfi ) , held in mexico next week .
· wednesday 11th october 2017 , 6pm , at the bermuda aquarium , museum and zoo .
the department of environment and natural resources [ denr ] is asking the public to keep their eyes out for two invasive vine species presently growing in bermuda – kudzu and the hyacinth bean .
small songbird with thick , straight , slightly hooked bill . gray head contrasts with olive - green back . yellow
spectacles
outline pale eye .
forages for caterpillars and other insects in shrubby tangles and other low , dense growth . song is a fast jumble of notes , with a sharp chip at the beginning and end .
young birds have dark eyes that turn pale in their first winter or spring .
small songbird with a thick , straight , and slightly hooked bill . it has a rather compact body and a thick neck .
forages deliberately with short hops or flights , pausing to look for insects by tilting its head and peering . it tends to stay hidden in the understory , where it gleans insects by picking , hovering , reaching , lunging , hanging , or leaping .
found in deciduous scrub , overgrown pastures , old fields , forested edges , second - growth forests , and streamside thickets . in florida , also uses mangroves .
sounds provided by macaulay library . listen to more sounds of this species from the ml archive .
their calls include a short zip and a harsh , nasal mew that sounds a bit like a blue - gray gnatcatcher .
northern edge of range varies over time : for example , disappeared from massachusetts and then re - invaded ; spread into michigan in 1960s . surveys indicate slight declines over much of range since 1960s .
wood edges , brush , brambles , undergrowth . breeds in various kinds of dense low growth , including briar tangles on low swampy ground , shrubby thickets of maple , wild plum , willow , and other saplings in overgrown pastures , and scrub in open woods or near forest edges . winters in a wide array of similar habitats .
forages by moving actively among twigs and branches in dense low cover , searching for insects among the foliage . often hovers momentarily to take insects from leaves .
both parents feed the nestlings . young leave the nest about 9 - 11 days after hatching . 1 brood per year in the north , 2 in the south .
insects and berries . in the breeding season , takes almost entirely insects , and nearly one - third of diet then may be caterpillars , moths , and butterflies . diet also includes true bugs , scale insects , many kinds of beetles , ants , wasps , bees , grasshoppers ; also spiders , snails , and occasionally small lizards . in migration and in winter , also eats berries and small fruits .
male sings incessantly from early spring to late summer to defend nesting territory . in courtship , male displays to female by fluffing plumage , spreading tail , and uttering a whining call . nest : placed low ( within 25 ' of ground , usually much lower ) in shrub or sapling . nest is supported by the rim woven onto a horizontal forked twig . both parents help build nest , a deep , hanging cup made of twigs , roots , shreds of bark , grass stems , leaves , plant down , lichen , moss , sometimes fragments of wasp nests . nest is bound with spiderwebs , lined with fine grass and fibers .
present all year in many southern areas . farther north , appears relatively early in spring and lingers fairly late in fall compared to most vireos . a very rare stray in the west .
audio © lang elliott , bob mcguire , kevin colver , martyn stewart and others .
we tried out the app ' s newest feature using photos from an slr camera , smartphone pictures , and even our subpar art skills .
tell congress to oppose a harmful rider that threatens sage - grouse and other wildlife .
tell congress and the department of the interior to uphold the country ' s most important bird protection law .
bna account authors : hopp , steven l . , alice kirby , and carol a . boone
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) , in neotropical birds online ( t . s . schulenberg , editor ) . cornell lab of ornithology , ithaca , ny , usa . retrieved from neotropical birds online :
10 hrs best nightingale song - black screen # soothing bird singing for sleep , study , meditation .
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a group of vireos are collectively known as a
call
of vireos .
the vireos are one of the one hundred eighteen families of birds in the order passeriformes ( pronounced pas - ser - i - for - meez ) ; a large taxonomic order that also includes the bulbuls , dippers , and gnatcatchers .
a family mostly restricted to the new world , the vireonidae ( pronounced vir - eh - on - uh - dee ) is composed of fifty - nine species of vireos in six genera .
vireos are small birds with rather stocky heads , medium length tails , and fairly long wings . they have medium length legs and feet , and rather strong medium length bills with a small hook at the tip .
all show facial markings such as spectacles , eyebrows , and eyelines on gray or bluish heads , and some species have light - colored wingbars .
vireos do not form flocks , nor do they nest in colonies , although they readily join mixed species flocks during migration and on their wintering grounds . vireos typically forage by slowly moving through the vegetation to glean larvae and other invertebrates from the leaves and branches , often smacking a prey item on a branch to kill it . birds that sing slow phrases generally forage high up in the trees , while those that sing rapid chattering songs skulk in the low , thick vegetation .
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relating to or living or located on the bank of a natural watercourse ( as a river ) or sometimes of a lake or a tidewater .
probably closest to v . crassirostris ; has been treated as conspecific with it , as well as with v . pallens , v . caribaeus or v . gundlachii . form perquisitor has been considered a separate species # r , but shows relatively minor differences from other taxa , with much overlap ; song phrases of present species variable , but no definite recordings of perquisitor voice available . race noveboracensis sometimes synonymized with nominate . seven subspecies recognized .
( j . f . gmelin , 1789 ) – nc usa ( nebraska , illinois and indiana e to new york and connecticut , s to alabama ) ; migrates to se mexico and s to honduras , also cuba .
– se usa ( coastal plain from s virginia to n florida , then w to texas ) ; migrates mainly to se mexico , n guatemala , belize and n honduras .
nelson , 1899 – extreme s usa ( s texas ) and ne mexico ( s to n san luis potosí ) .
a . r . phillips , 1991 – ec mexico ( uplands of s san luis potosí and n hidalgo ) .
10·7–13·0 cm ; 10–14·3 g . nominate race has forehead , crown and nape dull dark yellowish - grey , becoming olive - green on upperparts ; eyering and . . .
song , by male on breeding grounds ( female , too , sings in wintering area ) , of two types : primary . . .
when breeding , various types of scrub , including abandoned farmland , and late to middle succession . . .
analysis of stomach contents during breeding season shows majority of food to be arthropods , mostly insects , moths and butterflies ( . . .
season from early apr ( texas ) to late may ( virginia ) ; apparently single - brooded . monogamous ; some infidelity by female appears to occur on . . .
not globally threatened . fairly common to rather uncommon . population density heavily dependent on habitat , prime locations supporting 2–3 pairs / ha . scrub habitat most . . .
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internal arrangement heavily modified , based on recent genetic study # r , along with addition of asian genera pteruthius and erpornis ( see below ) .
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all ranks domain kingdom subkingdom phylum subphylum superclass class subclass infraclass superorder order suborder infraorder superfamily family subfamily tribe subtribe genus subgenus species subspecies variety group ( polytypic ) group ( monotypic ) species split life sp . ssp . intra - specific hybrid interspecific hybrid intergeneric hybrid species pair
a new study has found that growing deer populations are having a negative impact on some forest - dwelling bird species in the eastern united states .
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i did not personally use playback , but it was being used by other observers as i arrived at bird . background conversations and camera shutter clicks heard throughout recording . high pass filter ( 2000hz , 12db rolloff ) . amplified ( 12 . 8db ) .
following a series of typical
skip - to - my - lou - lou
phrases ( between which were included two straight call notes mimicking great crested flycatcher ) [ xc403848 ] , this same wevi mimicked five straight gcfl call notes over 36 seconds before repeating another typical
skip - to - my - lou - lou
phrase . this recording captured four of those five mimic call notes .
equipment : olympus ws - 822 digital recorder with audio - technica atr 6550 shotgun .
photographs submitted to ebird / macaulay library ( for example , ml61601981 ) . this is an out - of - season individual , apparently on territory on its wintering grounds ; this location is at the edge of the wintering range , and the species is uncommon but regular ( annual ) here in the winter time . in this cut , it is giving a song variant that lacks the harsh chuck at the end . other song variants were given by the same individual .
cleaned up some artificial background noise and low hum . increase volume of recording . fade - in and fade - out .
bird was in a longleaf pine stand about 1 mile from the deciduous forest along the st johns rive .
1 minute of longer 20 minute bout for birdspot : ) 2 males converging and counter - singing , with potential song - matching , and excited complex / rambling song .
no modification . bird singing from shrubs in open pine woodland . bird about 4 feet from ground and about 30 feet from recordist .
sonogram images © xeno - canto foundation . sonogram images share the same license terms as the recording they depict .
the introduction article is just the first of 11 articles in each species account that provide life history information for the species . the remaining articles provide detailed information regarding distribution , migration , habitat , diet , sounds , behavior , breeding , current population status and conservation . each species account also includes a multimedia section that displays the latest photos , audio selections and videos from macaulay library’s extensive galleries . written and continually updated by acknowledged experts on each species , birds of north america accounts include a comprehensive bibliography of published research on the species .
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chambers co . , tx ; april . breeding ( definitive alternate ) plumage ; photographer brian e . small
hopp , s . l . , a . kirby , and c . a . boone ( 1995 ) .
) , version 2 . 0 . in the birds of north america ( a . f . poole and f . b . gill , editors ) . cornell lab of ornithology , ithaca , ny , usa .


amphipneustes brevisternalis is a species of sea urchin of the family temnopleuridae .

their armour is covered with spines .

it is placed in the genus amphipneustes and lives in the sea .

amphipneustes brevisternalis was first scientifically described in 1926 by koehler .

amphipneustes brevisternalis

catherine sutera added the english common name
heart urchins
to
amphipneustes lorioli koehler , 1901
.
the new schizasterid genus brachysternaster has several advanced features including brooding marsupia and a previously unknown type of plastron , herein named brachysternous . the new species is large , ovoid , entirely lacks fascioles and has well differentiated primary spines . brachysternaster is related to the schizasterid genus amphipneustes koehler .
some species of amphipneustes have developed a lateral fasciole in early ontogenetic stage . in a . rostratus it is present up to a test length of about 25 mm , in a . marsupialis it occurs at least in long - spined juveniles . in adult specimens it is lost . [ heinke schultz , august 2007 ]
( of antipneustes brevisternalis koehler , 1926 ) mortensen , t . ( 1951 ) . a monograph of the echinoidea . v , 2 . spatangoida ii . amphisternata ii . spatangidæ , loveniidæ , pericosmidæ , schizasteridæ , brissidæ , 593 pp . , c . a . reitzel , copenhagen . page ( s ) : 269 [ details ]
( of antipneustes brevisternalis koehler , 1926 ) kier , p . m . & lawson , m . h . 1978 . index of living and fossil echinoids 1924 - 1970 . smithsonian contributions to paleobiology 34 , 1 - 182 . , available online at urltoken page ( s ) : 107 [ details ] available for editors [ request ]
( of antipneustes brevisternalis koehler , 1926 ) koehler , r . ( 1926 ) . echinodermata echinoidea . pp . 1 - 134 in l . harrison ( ed . ) scientific reports , series c , zoology and botany , australasian antarctic expedition , 1911 - 1914 , under the leadership of sir douglas mawson , d . sc . , b . e . , f . r . s alfred j . kent , gove . scientif . reports , ser . c . 3 ( 3 ) : 1 - 134 . page ( s ) : 83 - 88 ; pl . 112 : figs 2 - 6 , pl . 124 : fig . 3 [ details ]
kroh , a . & mooi , r . ( 2018 ) . world echinoidea database .
david , b . , t . choné , a . festeau & c . de ridder ( 2004 ) . antarctic echinoids , an interactive database . editions universitaires dijon . cd rom . ( look up in imis ) [ details ]
mortensen , t . ( 1951 ) . a monograph of the echinoidea . v , 2 . spatangoida ii . amphisternata ii . spatangidæ , loveniidæ , pericosmidæ , schizasteridæ , brissidæ , 593 pp . , c . a . reitzel , copenhagen . page ( s ) : 269 [ details ]
clarke , a . ; johnston , n . m . ( 2003 ) . antarctic marine benthic diversity . oceanography and marine biology : an annual review . 41 : 47 - 114 . ( look up in imis ) [ details ] available for editors [ request ]
intergovernmental oceanographic commission ( ioc ) of unesco . the ocean biogeographic information system ( obis ) , available online at urltoken [ details ]
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test rounded to ovate in outline without distinct anterior sulcus ; subpyramidal in profile .
apical disc ethmolytic with three gonopores ( no opening in plate g2 ) ; subcentral . sexual dimorphism in gonopore size .
anterior ambulacrum narrow with moderately large pore - pairs bearing simple thin - walled tube - feet .
paired ambulacra petaloid ; straight , deeply sunken in females but flush in males . petals long , extending almost to ambitus ; anterior and posterior pairs subequal .
peristome kidney - shaped and facing forward . labrum projecting to cover much of peristome in oral view . surrounding phyllodes well developed .
plastron plating with symmetrical sternal plates . labral plate stout , extending to the rear of the second ambulacral plate and usually to the third to fifth plate . episternal plates offset and not indented by ambulacra .
periproct inframarginal on posterior truncate face or submarginal . bound by interambulacral plates 4a / b on oral side .
a . mirnovi markov , 1991 ; recent , south shetland and south georgia .
in having all five ambulacra subpetaloid aborally and a much longer and stouter labral plate .
differs in having the periproct opening framed on oral side by the episternal plates and a disjunct plastron .
but that genus retains fascioles into adulthood and has a longer labral plate that extends to the third or fourth ambulacral plate .
koehler , r . 1900 . note preliminaire sur les echinides et les ophiures de l ' expédition antarctique belge . bull . acad . roy . belgique , 11 ( 3 ) , 814 - 820 .
mortensen , t . 1951 . a monograph of the echinoidea v . spatangoida 2 . c . a . reitzel , copenhagen .
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bernasconi i ( 1947 ) distribución geográfica de los equinoideos argentinos . gaea an soc argent est geogr 8 : 97–114
bernasconi i ( 1953 ) monografía de los equinoídeos argentinos . an mus nac hist nat montevideo 2a , ser 6 : 1–58
bernasconi i ( 1964 ) distribución geográfica de los equinoídeos y asteroídeos de la extremidad austral de sudamérica . bol inst biol mar mar del plata 7 : 43–49
durham jw ( 1966 ) ecology and paleoecology . in : moore rc ( ed ) treatise on invertebrate paleontology . echinodermata 3 ( u ) . geological society of america , university of kansas press , pp 257–265
fischer ag ( 1966 ) spatangoids . in : moore rc ( ed ) treatise on invertebrate paleontology . echinodermata 3 ( u ) . geological society of america , university of kansas press , pp 543–640
koehler r ( 1926 ) echinodermata : echinoidea . sci rep aust antarct exp 1911–14 , ser c 8 , 134 pp
lambert j , thiery p ( 1926 ) essai de nomenclature raisonée des échinides . chaumont , 607 pp
( pfeffer ) ( echinodermata , hemiasteridae ) . bol soc biol concepción 44 : 53–63
interpreted in relation to living forms . philos trans r soc london , ser b 242 : 347–437
pawson dl ( 1969 ) echinoidea . in : bushnell vc , hedgpeth jw ( eds ) antarctic map folio series , folio 11 . american geographical society , new york , pp 38–41
phelan t ( 1970 ) a field guide to the cidaroid echinoids of the north - western atlantic ocean , gulf of mexico and the caribbean sea . smithsonian cont zool 40 : 1–67
thomson cw ( 1876 ) notice on some pecularities in the mode of propagation of certain echinoderms of the southern sea . j linn soc london , zool 13 : 55–79