bahram ( 1932 – 1956 ) was an irish-bred , english-trained thoroughbred racehorse .

in a career which lasted from july 1934 until september 1935 he was undefeated in nine races .

the leading british two-year-old of 1934 , he went on to take the triple crown in 1935 by winning the 2000 guineas stakes , epsom derby and st. leger stakes .

he was retired to stud at the end of the year .

after a promising start to his stud career in britain he was exported to the united states , where he had moderate success before being exported again to argentina .

bahram ( horse )

bahram irish racehorse 1937 horse racing 5x4 inch repri . . . bahram irish racehorse 1937 horse racing 5x4 inch repri . . .
royal doulton satin black arab ' bahram ' horse as model 1771 by arthur credington ( 19 .
royal doulton satin black arab ' bahram ' horse as model 1771 by arthur credington ( 19 . 1cm ) for bes
royal doulton satin black arab ' bahram ' horse as model 1771 by arthur credington ( 19 . 1cm ) for beswick .
royal figure , azada , on brown horse shoots gazelle with an arrow . female on black horse plays harp .
even the knights in bahram ' s own envoy thought the dragon was too fierce to be slain .
atty persse said of his sprinter portlaw , ' he ' s a curious horse to train as he requires less work than any horse . . .
bahram slew the dragon by pinning its mouth shut with poison arrows . then he struck its head with his sword until it was too injured to move . finally , bahram cut its heart open and cut off its head .
fri 13 sep 1935 - townsville daily bulletin ( qld . : 1907 - 1954 ) page 12 - bahram .
townsville daily bulletin ( qld . : 1907 - 1954 ) , fri 13 sep 1935 , page 12 - bahram .
the aga khan ' s horse
bahram
wins by two lengths from
robin goodfellowe
. you can license this story through ap archive : urltoken find out more about ap archive : urltoken
album painting ; hunting scene depicting fitna watching bahram gur ( bahram v ) hunt deer . bahram gur , riding upon his horse , has just released an arrow into a deer . in the background , behind a rocky hill , fitna rests upon a horse while playing a harp ( attendant holding the horse ) while two horsemen await in the distance . a final man , barely visible , stands behind a large rock adjacent to a prominent , single tree . two deer and rabits appear in the distant landscape . no text . painted in opaque watercolour , gold , and ink on paper .
bahram ' s knights , all of whom knew he was the true king in disguise , went with him and the guide to see the dragon . when the first of the lords caught sight of the beast , he feared that bahram had set his sights too high . bahram defeated the rhinoceros , but this dragon was twice the size and far more dangerous . when bahram heard his concerns , he dismissed them , replying
we must leave the outcome to god .
bahram was reportedly even lazier at home than he was on the racecourse , making him a difficult horse to assess . his trainer , frank butters , admitted that
i never knew how good he was
.
on bahram ' s retirement , he was described as the
horse of the century
by his owner , an assessment with which the daily mail concurred , although the times regarded him as inferior to windsor lad .
without hesitation , bahram promised to slay the beast . he asked for nothing but a guide to show him where the dragon lived .
bahram was the king of persia . he disguised himself as the knight of an envoy to meet shangal , the king of india .
the triple crown winner bahram was never seriously extended in any of his 9 races at 2 and 3 years old . . . .
in the lower register , king bahram fights against another enemy ; the two scenes are almost identical . on both reliefs , a dead enemy is trampled upon by the king ' s horse . the enemy cannot be identified .
the double equestrian victory monument of bahram ii can be seen immediately below the tomb of darius i the great . the sasanian king is recognizable because there are eagle ' s wings on his helmet , something we recognize from his coinage . in the upper register , bahram throws an enemy from his horse . his standard bearer occupies the left part of this scene .
in the us bahram sired the winners of 660 races worth two million dollars . in 1946 bahram was sold for a reported $ 130 , 000 to a stud farm in argentina where he met with only modest success before his death at 24 years of age in 1956 .
: bahram , the king of persia , sought to quell a future war with shangal , the king of india . to better assess the situation , bahram disguised himself as a knight and took an envoy to see shangal himself and witness his court ' s customs and virtues .
brilliant bahram there was a 32 - year hiatus between the triple crown triumph of rock sand and that of bahram , the next to claim all three jewels at their natural homes of newmarket , epsom and doncaster . bahram’s achievement was rightly celebrated , as he had dominated his generation over all three distances . it was just how a three - year - old colt was supposed to establish himself as a true champion .
discovery was named horse of the year for 1935 . photo and copyright , the chicago tribune .
nijinsky ii was the first horse in 35 years to sweep the english triple crown , following unbeaten bahram in 1935 . no horse has completed the sweep since , and few two thousand guineas ( eng - i ) or derby winners even contest the st . leger stakes ( eng - i ) . the last horse to attempt the triple was camelot , who lost the 2012 st . leger stakes to encke by three - quarters of a length .
a life - sized statue of the great horse stands at the gates of ballydoyle in county tipperary .
nijinsky will forever be associated with the triple crown . he was the first horse since bahram in 1935 to win all the three - year - old classics : the 2000 guineas at newmarket , the derby at epsom and the st leger at doncaster .
abstract bahram has joined the select band of triple crown winners . he has accomplished the feat , of winning the two thousand guineas . derby , and
shangal believed no one could slay the dragon , so he sent bahram , who he believed to be a persian knight , to try to kill it .
in their book a century of champions , john randall and tony morris rated bahram the twenty - eighth best horse of the 20th century and the seventh best derby winner , behind sea - bird , hyperion , mill reef , nijinsky , shergar and windsor lad .
captain morel bred that durable horse golden myth on his tally ho stud in county limerick . . . .
bahram took his bow and dipped his arrowheads in milk and poison . he then took his horse and approach the dragon ; but , while he was still far off , he showered the dragon with arrows , till the dragon ' s mouth lay pinned shut by steel .
crusader was a superstar and was voted champion 3 year - old colt and horse of the year in 1926 .
bahram had also been the best of his year at two and was unbeaten in a nine - race career . compare his record at three with those of diamond jubilee and rock sand , and there was no doubting who was best ; bahram was 7lb or more in front of those earlier champions but could he be called great ?
man o war’s influence was not only in the thoroughbred line but also in the quarter horse breed . i have a chestnut 15 year old mare 3 / 4 quarter horse 1 / 4 arab , her dam was half arab and half quarter horse , her sire purebred quarter horse easy volley , by easy jet quarter horse by jet deck , by moon deck quarter horse , y top deck thoroughbred , by man o war . this line of quarterhorse is a racing blood line any many of them race today throughout us and canada . unfortunately here in canada we donot have alot of tracks that feature quarter horse races , but the ones that do , are exciting to watch and you can be sure that several of the field carry on the blood lines of the mighty mano war . sue
bahram stud has produced 3 group 1 winners to date - temple of boom , spirit of boom and captain sonador , two of which have been trained by tony gollan .
to vote , visit any horse page and click on the number of stars . you must be logged in to vote
by the time he was retired to the kentucky horse park in lexington , john had twice won the eclipse award for horse of the year ( 1981 , 1984 ) , with 39 wins in 83 starts and earnings of over six million dollars usd . his 1981 election as horse of the year was unanimous and at the time , unprecedented for a nominee to receive all votes cast . in addition , john was inducted into the american horse racing hall of fame in 1990 .
men on horseback play game of polo . in the background , a man on a black horse appears to chase another .
scat daddy would have his work cut out for him . he broke from post position fourteen in the twenty horse field :
bahram ( 1932–1956 ) was an irish - bred , english - trained thoroughbred racehorse . he was undefeated in nine races . the leading british two - year - old of … | pinteres…
when the champion jockey gerry wilson was axed from riding golden miller as the horse began to show his patent dislike . . .
in the film documentary “a horse called nijinsky” narrated by orson welles o’brien admits that getting his charge to the races wasn’t easy .
bahram stud training centre , set on 78 acres , situated at westbrook on the darling downs , toowoomba , is one of the best thoroughbred training facilities currently in queensland , if not australia .
orby was the first horse trained in ireland to win the epsom derby . he was a rangy colt , but did . . .
picaroon was a very high class horse , winner of 8 races and rated one of the best by his trainer who . . .
mr taylor sharpe owned properties in newmarket and the baumber park stud near horncastle in lincolnshire . the best horse he bred . . .
hours after his horse gainslaw had won the ascot gold vase , mr leader and his wife were killed on their way . . .
son of a suffolk clothier and close friend of the race horse owner and breeder sir abe bailey , donald fraser owned . . .
reiff looked like an angel and was kissed by society ladies , but he was fully capable of pulling a horse to . . .
reference point was voted 1987 british horse of the year by the racecourse association , attracting twelve of the twenty votes . [ 16 ]
our pre - trainer , lindsay hatch at bahram stud , has 38 years ' experience in the racing industry , having started his apprenticeship at age 14 with his father , who was also a trainer .
this photograph shows the statue of persimmon which stands at sandringham stud . a very impressive horse , persimmon turned out to be . . .
swynford was the best horse to race for the 17th lord derby and , according to george lambton , was far and away . . .
while this is not a brilliant photograph of ormonde , it does show his trainer and jockey . this great horse was unbeaten . . .
a black horse , foaled in ireland from a mare reputed to have pulled a cart . he was well bought as a . . .
gentle shepherd may seem an obscure horse to chronicle , for he was unraced and made no impact as a sire , but . . .
harry mccalmont , who was not yet a colonel when his horse isinglass won the triple crown , inherited a great fortune from . . .
charles morton was apprenticed to thomas parr , the trainer of a wonderful horse called fisherman , who won 70 races including 2 . . .
lord clonmell , who succceeded to the title in 1898 , was educated at eton and was a captain in the royal horse . . .
¹ haskin , steve . the blood horse ( online ) : farewell to a friend : rip holy bull . june 8 , 2017 .
horse of the year in 1924 and 1925 , sarazen was another champion who tasted defeat when he raced against mars in the dixie handicap .
i found this site as to being very informative , and a great read . iwas born in 54 so i have been fortunate to have seen many greats northern dancer , iam canadian so having this race horse from canada was such a great influeence to many of us , i saw secretariat , ruffian , foolish pleasure , alydeed , and many more . i have a 15 year old quar - ab , 3 / 4 quarter horse 1 / 4 arabian , sire is purebred quarter horse and da half arab and half quarter horse . penny is a fiery chestnut and has man o war on her sire side through top deck thoroughbred moon deck quarterhorse , jet deck quarter horse easy jet quarter horse and her sire easy volley . just thought i ; d share to show how mano wars influence as a sire in other breeds . sue
as the creature struggled to fight back , bahram drew his sword and struck at its head . when the dragon was too weak to even thrash , braham cut its heart open and cut off its head .
the winner of 4 races at 2 and 3 years , humorist ' s connections could not understand why the horse was up one . . .
a genuine , speedy horse , tommy atkins won ten races including the ayr gold cup for owner william sears , who would go . . .
thomas pilkington was a member of the well - known firm of glass manufacturers of the same name . his most famous horse was . . .
gerry wilson , the son of a whaddon chase horse dealer , was champion national hunt jockey seven times between 1933 and 1941 . . . .
a long - time patron and friend of the trainer basil briscoe , philip carr paid £100 to buy a rather unpromising horse in . . .
what happened to . . . trempolino ? | sporting life - horse racing news | live racing results , racecards , live betting shows
jenkinstown was a difficult horse to get fit . his trainer , thomas coulthwaite , said he really needed the work of four animals . . . .
a handsome horse , standing 16 hands high , maiden erlegh ( named after the place and title of his owner ' s stud ) . . .
a little chesbnut horse , all quality , cicero was trained at exning , near newmarket . he won 8 races from two to four . . .
alfred newey , a native of worcestershire , did not sit on a horse until he was 18 . originally a miner , he took . . .
aristedes welch was a millionaire stock raiser of pennsylvania who bought leamington , a sire imported from england . the horse sired welch ' s . . .
³–¹ durst , joseph . horse racing : “holy bull is retired after injury to leg . ” the new york times , february 12 , 1995 .
on two continents , over three weeks in june , storm cat continues to exercise his influence over the development of the thoroughbred and horse racing history .
a month after his win at newmarket , bahram started 5 / 4 favourite for the derby at epsom . the race was run in bright sunshine , despite previous heavy rain , and was attended by a crowd estimated at 500 , 000 including king george v who was celebrating his silver jubilee . bahram was towards the rear of the field in the early stages but was always travelling well . fox moved him up to third place at tattenham corner before accelerating into the lead early in the straight . he won very comfortably by two lengths from robin goodfellow and field trial , with theft in fourth . later in june , bahram started at odds of 1 / 8 in the st . james ' s palace stakes at royal ascot and won from portfolio . in august , bahram ' s training was delayed by the
coughing epidemic
which struck many british stables in late summer .
the iranian king bahram ii ( 276 - 293 ) was not the strongest ruler of the sasanian dynasty . having lost a war against the roman emperor carus , he accepted the loss of armenia and mesopotamia ; he had some difficulty in suppressing a revolt by his brother hormizd ii ; and he lost power to the zoroastrian high priest kartir . still , bahram ii left no less than ten rock reliefs , three of them in naqš - e rustam .
prince palatine was the champion three - year - old of his generation and horse of the year at 4 and 5 . winner of 11 . . .
the first foal of his [ ? dam ? ] , hampton was a small horse who started his career in selling plates and ran over . . .
winner of 17 races , springfield ( who looks very old in this photograph ) was , in his prime , the most beautiful horse and . . .
a massive horse with a bad mouth , which made him very hard to hold , troytown ' s days were shortlived . he had to . . .
known as ' the rocking horse ' or ' the spotted wonder ' , this colt was a phenomonen . when a propsective buyer looked him over . . .
if only this horse had never been sold abroad ! dark ronald never ran in a [ ? classic ? ] , but this handsome individual won . . .
the trainer john porter said , ' there are rogues , savages , jades , fools and other eccentrics in the horse tribe . throstle was simply . . .
horse racing , sport of running horses at speed , mainly thoroughbreds with a rider astride or standardbreds with the horse pulling a conveyance with a driver . these two kinds of racing are called racing on the flat and harness racing , respectively . some races on the flat—such as steeplechase , point - to - point , and hurdle…
such an unlucky horse . after a fine two year old career , craganour looked to have won the 2000 [ ? guineas ? ] , only the . . .
julius solomon , a dublin moneylender , was breeder of golden miller , but somewhat by default . he took his horse ' s dam , probably as . . .
felix leach ' s association with racing began on the day he first saw st simon , joining that horse ' s trainer , mathew dawson , forthwith . . .
but not if the guineas is already in the locker . no horse can be dismissed by breeders as a national hunt stallion after victory in the spring in newmarket .
pantel , n , leimgruber , p , zimmermann , w . , songer , m , and a . cerny . 2006 . supporting przewalski ' s horse reintroduction efforts in china : development of an integrated conservation project with the wild horse breeding centre in xinjiang province , china . cologne zoo and smithsonian national zoological park . 33pp .
nijinsky ii was named for the great russian ballet dancer vaslav nijinsky , who had believed he would be reincarnated as a horse . he was registered as “nijinsky” in the
at the end of the 1935 racing season bahram was retired to egerton stud in newmarket where he stood at a service fee of 500 guineas per mare . with just two crops racing , bahram became the second leading sire in 1940 and leading juvenile sire of 1941 . among his english progeny were big game ( 2000 guineas and champion stakes ) , persian gulf winner of the coronation cup and sire of the derby winner parthia , turkhan , winner of the 1940 st . leger stakes and irish derby and zabara , and the winners of 469 races . bahram was also the damsire of noor who competed successfully in england as well as in america where he would be inducted into the united states ' national museum of racing and hall of fame .
winner bahram was never seriously extended in any of his 9 races at 2 and 3 years old . he was a handsome , powerful horse with a temperament that was so placid it was almost lethargic . he would probably have won the ascot gold cup at four , but his owner h h aga khan iii retired him to stud after the st leger , declaring that he would never sell him . he sired the
iroquois , who stood only 15 . 2 1 / 2 hands high , was the first american - bred horse to win the derby . he was amongst a . . .
² jones , kathleen . “at home with holy bull” in thoroughbred champions : for the fans of the horse in racing , march 1996 , vol . 3 , no . 2
the final report dated dec 15 , 2015 estimated that the black horse chromite deposit contains 85 . 9 million tonnes grading 34 . 5 % cr2o3 in the inferred resource category .
bahram made his debut in the valuable national breeders produce stakes at sandown park racecourse in july for which he started a 20 / 1 outsider . he won by a neck from his more fancied stable companion theft , who had won the windsor castle stakes at royal ascot in a result which reportedly stunned the crowd . later in july , bahram won the rous memorial stakes at goodwood before being sent to york for the gimcrack stakes in which he ran lazily and had to be driven out to win by a length from consequential .
bahram ( gb ) b . h , 1932 { 16 - a } dp = 4 - 0 - 24 - 0 - 0 ( 28 ) di = 1 . 33 cd = 0 . 29 - 9 starts , 9 wins , 0 places , 0 shows
purists will be cheering for camelot on saturday , in hope that he will then be aimed at the st leger and the triple crown . that has been achieved only twice in ‘recent’ years – nijinsky in 1970 and , if your memory is that good , bahram in 1935 .
gregg and amanda wagner , who are the owners of bahram stud , couldn ' t be more experienced when it comes to thoroughbreds . gregg ' s father has raced thoroughbreds for many years , gregg himself , has been a partner in a syndicate and amanda grew up with thoroughbreds .
by the spring of 1935 bahram had grown into a handsome , impressive horse with a placid , lazy temperament . he missed an intended run at newmarket ' s craven meeting in april and made his first appearance of the season in the 2000 guineas . ridden by freddie fox he started at odds of 7 / 2 in a field of sixteen runners . he won
comfortably
by one and a half lengths from theft , with sea bequest two lengths away in third .
when he went to stud in kentucky to avoid confusion with a 1958 son of tom fool named nijinsky . the latter horse never won a stakes race and was of no importance at stud .
loved the article . could you tell me if you or anyone knows of a picture of air - lift , the horse that died in his first race back in 1949 ? thank you .
a devil’s advocate would point out he never competed against horses of other generations , and in 1935 there was an outstanding four - year - old in windsor lad , who had improved since his derby and st leger triumphs of the previous season . it was a shame bahram did not contest the eclipse , the only race in which a clash might have occurred ; windsor lad had won the coronation cup in a time almost three seconds quicker than bahram’s derby and he made virtually all in the eclipse . but he came out of the race unsound and didn’t run again .
“he is no soft flat horse…” durkan counselled j . p . mcmanus . and you see it here , in the power as istabraq launches , even though he’s a good distance from the hurdle .
represent the top 250 us - based runners that are no longer active , as voted on by horse racing nation members . the rankings on this page are updated every 30 minutes throughout each day .
the fifth largest population is found in qatrouiyeh national park and the adjacent bahram - e - goor protected area in south - central iran , estimated at 632 ( 429 - 939 ) individuals of which 15 % were foals in summer 2014 ( m . hemami pers . comm . 2014 ) . while the bahram - e - gour population has shown a positive trend in recent years , the second population in the touran protected area complex in northern iran seems to have severely decreased to a mere ~ 145 animals ( summer census 2014 - m . hemami pers . comm . 2014 , hamidi
but , of course , times have changed and the era when racing was the sport of kings and king of sports has long gone . in the early 20th century the horse still provided the means of getting about for many ; even the youngest generation grew up familiar with the horse . everyone would have known about diamond jubilee and rock sand , the respective triple crown heroes of 1900 and 1903 .
nijinsky is the only horse to have won england’s fabled triple crown in the past 77 years . camelot tried valiantly to emulate him , but fell short . mike moon looks back at an abiding legend .
following the german occupation of france during world war ii , the aga khan fled france to the safety of switzerland , and in september 1940 , sold bahram for £40 , 000 to an american syndicate made up of walter p . chrysler jr . , alfred g . vanderbilt ii , james cox brady , jr . and sylvester labrot , jr . in 1941 , the horse was brought to vanderbilt ' s sagamore stud in maryland then to walter chrysler jr . ' s north wales stud in warrenton , virginia . however , there was considerable resentment amongst british breeders against the aga khan for selling to overseas buyers all five of his derby winners , particularly the three from the blandford line , bahram , blenheim and blenheim ' s son , mahmoud . all of them were considered a severe loss to british breeding stock .
reference point was given a timeform rating of 139 , the eleventh highest awarded to any horse up to that time , and higher than those of nijinsky , alleged and troy . [ 16 ] in their book a century of champions , john randall and tony morris rated reference point the thirty - sixth best british horse of the 20th century and the second best derby winner of the 1980s behind shergar . [ 5 ]
the coolmore attitude this year seems to be that you need a unique sort of horse to win the triple crown – one that does not come along very often – so if camelot is that horse , they will go for it . they also know that , to a degree , they can dictate which races a top - class stallion runs in because they have enough mares of their own to prove the stallion .
mah mahal ( gr . f . 1928 by gainsborough ) dead - heated for first once in seven starts at two , and won a minor handicap at worcester at three . she produced nine foals , led by epsom derby winner mahmoud ( gr . c . 1933 by blenheim ii ) , who stood a couple seasons in france before being sent to kentucky , where he became a leading sire . mah mahal ' s other foals included khan bahadur ( c . 1935 by blenheim ii ) winner of the prince of wales ' s stakes and rous memorial stakes ; pherozshah ( c . 1934 by pharos ) , sire of rose o ' lynn ( dam of buisson ardent , venture vii ) before his export to a successful stud career in new zealand ; golden fawn ( 1937 by bahram ) , a major stakes winner in india ; and mah iran ( f . 1939 by href =
bahram . html
> bahram
many of our representatives covered themselves with glory , but for me it was the accomplishments of our horsemen and women that gave most pleasure , while also reminding me of my status as a senior citizen . i don’t suppose i am the only one of my vintage who knew nothing of the horse and of horse sport until foxhunter made an impression at the helsinki olympics . it’s frightening to think that was 60 years ago .
posted in thoroughbred horse , tagged aidan o ' ' brien , british triple crown , doncaster racecourse , estimate , famous thoroughbreds , frankel , galileo , heart of a champion , hm the queen , nijinsky ii , northern dancer , oh so sharp , st . leger ( english ) , thoroughbred breeding , thoroughbred horse , thoroughbred legends , thoroughbred racing , vincent o ' brien on september 8 , 2016 | 8 comments »
enter lester piggott . the pair landed the dewhurst stakes over 1400m at newmarket at odds of 1 - 3 and the jockey dropped all his usual talk about which horse he might partner in the following season’s derby .
“i wanted to win this race and i knew i had the horse to do it . he just excites the crowd so much , he just knows where the winning post is , there was pressure the whole time , but he just keeps finding the line , he’s got this amazing will to win , ” waterhouse said . it’s a pleasure to train him and i feel so privileged to train such a lovely horse . ”
* bahram was a large , somewhat leggy brown horse , his only marking was a star , and his conformation was considered close to flawless . he grew to 16 . 2 hands , big and sound ( both of which were was unusual for this male line ) , and full of quality . his temperament was outstanding , in fact ulbrich describes it as his only fault , being
placid to the point of lethargy .
he died in argentina in january of 1956 at the age of 24 . - - anne peters
{ { cite news urltoken | title = bahram . | newspaper = [ [ townsville daily bulletin ] ] | volume = lvii , | issue = 219 | location = queensland , australia | date = 13 september 1935 | accessdate = 10 july 2018 | page = 12 | via = national library of australia } }
bahram retired to stud in newmarket in 1936 and with just two crops racing was second leading sire in 1940 and then leading juvenile sire in 1941 and his runners included 2000 guineas winner and sire big game , persian gulf ( who also left derby winner parthia ) and st leger winner turkhan . the aga khan met with considerable criticism for selling all five of his derby winners abroad including his three from the blandford line ( bahram , blenheim and the latter’s son mahmoud ) . luckily , this line , which had success in australasia many decades ago , is now enjoying somewhat of a renaissance via europe and fiorente could do the same here .
two royal figures , one bahram gur , similar to ones pictured in other leaves , on horseback gaze distressedly at a figure , possibly azada , lying on the ground . accompanied by attendants , one of whom holds an ornate umbrella over the head of the central figure . these leaves are probably from the same shahnama as others .
whether or not bahram deserved the epithet ‘great’ , his name was to resonate down the years because he had achieved what proved beyond the powers of so many . he was acknowledged as a paragon and in a sense had greatness thrust upon him by countless racefans who had never seen him run . how was it none could emulate him ?
although cameronian was found to be running a temperature after the race he soon recovered . his connections were unable to explain his poor effort , with darling explicitly ruling out the possibility of the horse having been
got at
.
o’brien shipped the purchase to his training base near ireland’s rock of cashel and engelhard’s wife jane named him nijinsky after the russian ballet dancer vaslav nijinsky , who’d declared on his deathbed that he would return to life as a horse .
hof jockey frank coltiletti would pilot scapa flow to victory during the colt’s 2 year - old campaign . upon his retirement , coltiletti would confide that the best horse he ever rode was another son of man o’ war — mars .
a “racing post” public vote in 2000 declared o’brien the “greatest figure in the history of horseracing” with 28 % of the poll , with piggott in second position . readers of “the sun” newspaper simultaneously voted nijinsky their “horse of the millennium” .
but the trainer had by then already won three grand nationals , the derby and the prix de l’arc de triomphe and knew how to calm a horse without spoiling him . he taught nijinsky to do “what he was bred to do” .
free of northern dancer , raise a native and nasrullah blood , monsun is a great - grandson of the july stakes and st james’s palace stakes winner and 2000 guineas runner - up tamerlane ( by the coronation cup winner persian gulf and from eastern empress by nearco ) , himself a grandson of english triple crown winner bahram ( blandford - friar’s daughter by friar marcus ) , a half - brother to irish derby winner and sire dastur . because of the war , bahram was sold to the us in 1940 for £40 , 000 after a successful start to his stud career in the uk and was later sold on to argentina in 1946 for $ us130 . 000 and died there in 1956 .
but his finest years were at four and five . in 1935 , the colt won 11 of 19 starts , carrying an average of 131 lbs . , gaining him the nickname “the iron horse . ” retrospectively named 1935 horse of the year ( over triple crown winner , omaha ) and throughout 1936 , discovery’s winning ways continued . of his whitney win , the new york times wrote that the chestnut ran “…the most decisive victory to be scored in a big american stake in many years . ”
the derby has long been considered the ultimate mental and physical test of the three year - old thoroughbred flat horse . so can there be any sense in the irish trained colt camelot being odds on for saturday’s classic ? the short answer is yes .
i had been born with grandpa’s “horse gene , ” as my mother liked to say . shortly after the derby win , i bought a copy of sports illustrated magazine , carefully removed a photo of “the dancer” winning the florida derby and glued it onto a sturdy sheet of blue cardboard , under which i wrote : ” ‘he’s all blood and guts and he tries hard . ’ northern dancer : first canadian owned - bred horse to win the kentucky derby . time : 2 : 00 : 00 flat . ”
posted in thoroughbred horse , tagged aidan o ' ' brien , aintree grand national , australian thoroughbred , ballydoyle , camelot , canadian thoroughbred , charlie swan , coolmore , discovery , exterminator , famous thoroughbreds , ginger mccain , heart of a champion , horse of the year , imp , istabraq , j . p . mcmanus , john durkan , john henry , john sherriffs , kincsem , legendary sire , man o war , national hunt , native dancer , northern dancer , phar lap , phil amato , red rum , ron mcnally , sadler ' s wells , seabiscuit , secretariat , southern hemisphere , thoroughbred breeding , thoroughbred horse , thoroughbred legends , thoroughbred racing , thoroughbreds , tom smith , triple crown , war admiral , zenyatta on january 18 , 2016 | 8 comments »
in the 1994 donn handicap where he was pitted against another champion , cigar , holy bull was pulled up suddenly by jockey mike smith . here is how kathleen jones , writing in “thoroughbred champions : for the fans of the horse in racing” described the scene :
a delighted george duffield rides in the coral - eclipse winner , giant’s causeway , after the colt’s gutsy win over kalanisi . the only other horse to have won the st . james’s palace and coral - eclipse in the same year was coronach , in 1926 .
in addition to confirming that the black horse chromite deposit does not come to surface and its upper termination is 350 metres below surface , the 2013 and 2014 drilling programs discovered that the reason why the deposit does not come to surface is that it has been truncated by a shear zone named frank’s fault . the interpreted six kilometers of displacement along this is responsible for the apparent gap in between the chromite deposits in the north , the big daddy , black creek , black thor and black label and the deposits in the south , the blackbird and the black horse . it is interpreted that the big daddy is the fault offset counterpart of the black horse , and that being the case , the fault offset equivalent of the black creek , black thor and black label deposits are contiguous and to the immediate north of the black horse deposit , on the fancamp claims . should this structural reconstruction be correct , and if the chromite deposits were subjected to drilling to a depth of 2 kilometers , the current resource total of 343 milion tonnes for all deposits could triple to a billion tonnes .
after the disguised bahram arrived in india , he displayed his prowess as a warrior and leader of an army to shangal , who , despite being impressed , hesitated . the envoy from person could be a powerful ally and help him lead his own army ; however , the knight had so proven his abilities that , if the envoy ever returned home , it would mean ruin to shangal ' s forces .
derby , one of the five classic english horse races , along with the saint leger , the oaks , the one thousand guineas , and the two thousand guineas . with a field limited to three - year - old colts and fillies , the derby is run on turf on…
“he is no soft flat horse . he is the sort who does not get going until he’s in a battle . he has more guts than class and that’s what you need , ” durkan told mcmanus , “he will win next year’s sun alliance hurdle . ” prophetic words .
a simplified block model ( figure 21 ) illustrates the geometric relationship between frank’s fault and the chromitite prior to subsequent modification by late cross - faulting . a reversal of the movement on frank’s fault would place the big daddy deposit above the black horse and blackbird deposits and the black thor above the northeasterly strike extension of the black horse deposit . the total length of the yet to be drilled extension of the black horse chromite deposit is 4 kilometers . much of this potential is on the fancamp claims , and a portion on the hornby claims . the depth of the upper termination of the black horse extension will be predicated by the plunge of the line of intersection of frank’s fault with the chromitite which will change with changes in orientation of the two planes . the depth will also be modified by late cross faults such as the one that separates the big daddy and the black creek deposits . based on the gravity survey there is likely two locations where late faulting resulted in pushing the chromite nearer to surface , one at the c - 6 target area , and again near the hornby - fancamp claim boundary .
nijinsky ii is one of 50 thoroughbreds profiled in royal blood : fifty years of classic thoroughbreds . written by racing historian jim bolus with illustrations and commentary by noted equine artist richard stone reeves , the book was released by the blood - horse , inc . , in 1994 .
unfortunately the similarity in their records ended there . bahram did not run after the leger ; nijinsky ran twice and was beaten twice , in the arc and champion stakes . many felt the excursion to doncaster had taken the edge off him . whether or not that was true , the st leger soon began to fall out of favour . american pedigrees had come to dominate , speed came to be valued much more highly and breeders lost faith in leger winners as prospective sires . it did not seem to matter that nijinsky proved a huge success at stud ; winning the st leger was a drawback so far as a stallion career was concerned – unless the horse seemed acceptable to national hunt breeders .
o’brien and engelhard wanted nijinsky to go out on a winning note before his adoring fans and entered him for the champion stakes newmarket . the horse sweated up worse than ever , fretting and wheeling before the start , and was beaten a neck by five - year - old lorenzaccio .
piggott’s terseness is legendary , so one imagines he was impressed by the two - year - old trained by vincent o’brien . from that day on , he , o’brien and nijinsky were a “dream team” – the greatest jockey , trainer and horse of the 20th century in many an estimation .
what most engaged the minds of horse - lovers then was not the fact that racing was able to continue on a reduced scale thanks to relatively few favoured thoroughbreds , but the knowledge that the equine death toll on the continent matched or may even have exceeded the horrendous human casualty list .
equestrian scene with decapitated rider in foreground , companion rider looks on from a white horse next to him , courtly male looks on from the ground . light lavender saddle area is prominent and matches the breeches worn by the decapitated man . verso has red text which includes the words sikandar and kushti
perhaps we can’t help it . horses are beautiful animals and thoroughbreds can be exquisite . and no matter how often horse folk remind us that beauty and talent don’t necessarily go hand in hand , it’s all too easy to ignore when you’ve got a plain bay standing next to a magnificent chestnut…… .
2015 ) and parts of adjacent china ( q . cao pers . comm . 2014 based on bi 2007 , chu 2008 ) . the species also survives as isolated populations in the little rann of kutch in india ( shah and qureshi 2007 ) , the badkhyz reserve in turkmenistan ( lukarevski and gorelov 2007 ) and in the touran protected area complex and qatrouiyeh national park and the adjacent bahram - e - goor protected area in iran ( tatin
saint leger , one of the english triple crown races and , with the derby , the two thousand guineas , the one thousand guineas , and the oaks , one of the classic horse races . the race was established by colonel barry saint leger in 1776 and was named for him in 1778 . an event…
foaled in ontario , nijinsky ii was bred by e . p . taylor at his windfields farm . he was purchased from the 1968 canadian thoroughbred horse society yearling sale for can $ 84 , 000 by american platinum magnate charles engelhard and was sent to leading irish trainer vincent o ' brien to be trained for racing in europe . following his racing career , nijinsky ii was syndicated for a record us $ 5 , 440 , 000 and entered stud in 1971 at claiborne farm near paris , kentucky . nijinsky ii was humanely destroyed in april 1992 due to chronic laminitis and was buried in the claiborne farm horse cemetery .
in the autumn he was sent to newmarket where he won the boscawen stakes before contesting the middle park stakes , one of the year ' s most prestigious races for juveniles , which he won in a record time of 1 : 11 . 2 . in the free handicap , a rating of the season ' s best two - year - olds , bahram was awarded top weight of 133 pounds , a pound ahead of his stable companions theft and hairan .
the white knight was not an outstanding sire , and is not to be confused with another horse named simply white knight , the sire of american stallion mcgee . one of the white knight ' s daughters , kuningada , after exportation to the southern hemisphere , produced three kings , a winner of the adelaide cup .
one thousand guineas , one of the five english classic horse races , run over a straight mile ( 1 . 6 km ) on the rowley mile course at the newmarket ( suffolk ) spring meeting . the race was first run in 1814 . it is for three - year - old fillies and is run on the…
bred by the aga khan iii ( grandfather of the present incumbent ) and unbeaten in nine starts , bahram , a bay with white star and strip , stood 16 . 2 hands and was a handsome fellow with a placid temperament who was lazy in his work at home and on the track , doing just enough to get the job done . he was the champion british 2yo of 1934 when he capped his four - win season with success in the gimcrack stakes and then middle park stakes and took the 2000 guineas , derby and st leger the following year when his wins also included the st james’s palace stakes . his owner described him as “the horse of the century” . because of his laziness on the gallops , his trainer frank butters said , “i never knew how good he was” .
the population trend since the last red list assessment in 2008 seems more or less stable in mongolia , is data deficient in china , seems stable or slightly increasing in india , shows a mixed trend in iran ( with touran dramatically decreasing , but bahram - e - goor increasing ) , is increasing or stable in kazakhstan , data deficient in turkmenistan ( decrease in badkhyz , but increase in sarykamysh reserve ) , increasing in uzbekistan from sarykamysh reserve , and increasing in israel .
south african horse racing . racing in south africa . horseracing . tab online . official tote betting site of south africa . take a bet with tab online , the official betting site of south african horseracing . over 50 million paid out every week . learn betting and learn racing . open an account and start betting today .
i felt it was time to find a way to give ‘payback , ’ to use my efforts as a means of making a permanent contribution to the welfare of horses . accordingly , i inaugurated a fund , in the name of the vault , which will collect monies to be contributed towards organisations who specialize in horse rescue .
camelot’s ability is obviously crucial as well . in winning the first classic of the season , the 2 , 000 guineas , the most important trial for the derby , he became the first colt by montjeu to win a classic over a mile in the northern hemisphere , which makes him potentially the best and most valuable horse the stallion sired .
another son is multiple gr . 1 winner and sire manduro ( ex mandellicht by be my guest ) , rated the best horse in the 2007 world thoroughbred rankings and champion older horse in europe with a timeform of 135 at five . he originally stood for darley in uk but is now back in germany at gestut schlenderhan and is the sire of gai waterhouse’s talented import greatwood , recent winner of the premier’s cup - lr . monsun’s other runners include german derby winner and sire samum ( ex sacarina by old vic ) and his german derby and french oaks - winning sister schiaparelli , german oaks winners salve regina ( another sister ) and amarette ( ex avocette by king’s lake ) .


donacia brevitarsis is a species of leaf beetle of the subfamily donaciinae .

distributed from france to russia , in northern italy and central europe .

donacia brevitarsis

oggetto del messaggio : donacia ( donaciomima ) brevitarsis thomson , 1884 cf . - chrysomelidae
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forum entomologi italiani • leggi argomento - donacia ( donaciomima ) brevitarsis thomson , 1884 cf . - chrysomelidae
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museum für naturkunde leibniz - institut für evolutions - und biodiversitätsforschung invalidenstr . 43 10115 berlin germany e - mail : fauna - eu ( at ) mfn - berlin . de website : urltoken
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ambienti costieri ( spiagge sabbiose , scogliere , foci , paludi costiere , stagni salmastri etc . )
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bebearia subtentyris , the upland plain forester , is a butterfly in the nymphalidae family .

it is found in cameroon .

the habitat consists of sub-montane forests .

bebearia subtentyris

bebearia ( bebearia ) laetitia ( plötz , 1880 ) = euryphene laetitia plötz , 1880 = euryphene laetitia tia suffert , 1904 = bebearia ( bebearia ) laetitia .
bebearia ( bebearia ) aurora graueri hecq , 1990 ; revue ent . gen . 1 : 31
etude des bebearia ( note no . 6 ) . sous - genre bebearia hemming groupe brunhilda kby
etude des bebearia ( note no . 7 ) . sous - genre bebearia hemming groupe severini aur .
bebearia mandinga beni hecq , 1990 ; revue ent . gen . 1 : 11
bebearia sophus monforti hecq , 1990 ; revue ent . gen . 1 : 20
bebearia hassoni hecq , 1998 ; ent . africana 3 ( 2 ) : 39
bebearia fontaineana intersecta hecq , 1990 ; revue ent . gen . 1 : 35
remarques sur quelques especes de nymphalidae africains des genres euphaedra , bebearia et euriphene .
etude des bebearia ( note no 4 ) . sous - genre apectinaria hecq groupe mardania
bebearia cocalioides hecqi holmes , 2001 ; trop . zool . 14 ( 1 ) : 46
revision du genre bebearia . note no . 1 . le groupe ' flaminia ' stgr .
bebearia tentyris sáfián , pyrcz & brattström , 2016 , sp . nov . - plazi treatmentbank
bebearia dowsetti hecq , 1990 ; revue ent . gen . 1 : 25 ; tl : rwanda
bebearia bouyeri van de weghe , 2007 ; ent . afr . 12 ( 1 ) : 40
etude des bebearia ( note no . 6 ) . les groupes du sous - genre apectinaria hecq
bebearia ultima hecq , 1990 ; revue ent . gen . 1 : 38 ; tl : basse casmance
bebearia faraveli oremans , 1998 ; ent . africana 3 ( 1 ) : 35 ; tl : gabon
bebearia paludicola holmes , 2001 ; trop . zool . 14 ( 1 ) : 47 ; tl : cameroon
bebearia tini oremans , 1998 ; ent . africana 3 ( 1 ) : 37 ; tl : lolo valley
bebearia cocalia insularis kielland , 1985 ; arnoliad zimbabwe 9 ( 19 ) : 271 ; tl : pemba i .
bebearia orientis malawiensis holmes , 2001 ; trop . zool . 14 ( 1 ) : 56 ; tl : malawi
bebearia paludicola blandi holmes , 2001 ; trop . zool . 14 ( 1 ) : 48 ; tl : ghana
bebearia aurora theia hecq , 1989 ; lambillionea 89 : 72 ; tl : shaba , riv . lulua , kapanga
bebearia flaminia leventisi hecq & larsen , 1997 ; lambillionea 97 ( 1 ii ) : 102 , f . 1
bebearia hemming , 1960 ; annot . lep . ( 1 ) : 12 - 17 ; ts : euryphene iturina karsch
bebearia improvisa ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 4 , pl . 18 , f . 1
bebearia ivindoensis van de weghe , 2007 ; ent . afr . 12 ( 1 ) : 36 ; tl : gabon
bebearia lopeensis van de weghe , 2007 ; ent . afr . 12 ( 1 ) : 37 ; tl : gabon
= bebearia senegalensis katera ; hancock , 1992 , j . lep . soc . 46 ( 1 ) : 60 ♂ only
bebearia aurora ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 4 , pl . 15 , f . 4 ; [ afrl ]
bebearia kiellandi ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 4 , pl . 17 , f . 4 ; [ afrl ]
bebearia ikelemba kamituga ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 2 , pl . 3 , f . 1 ; [ afrl ]
bebearia hargreavesi d ' abrera , 1980 ; butterflies of the afrotropical region : 302 ; tl : masisi , n . w . kivu , 5000ft
bebearia fontaineana fontaineana ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 4 , pl . 20 , f . 7 ; [ afrl ]
bebearia fontaineana intersecta ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 4 , pl . 20 , f . 8 ; [ afrl ]
the genus bebearia closely resembles the allied genus euphaedra in appearance . the females , especially , are very similar on their uppersides . the undersides of bebearia however are invariably cryptically patterned and often resemble dead leaves . in euphaedra the underside is usually yellow with black spots and pink basal patches . euphaedra have orange palpi while those of bebearia are brown . in euphaedra the forewing apex is always rounded and not falcate . the member species are diverse .
bebearia amieti ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 1 , pl . 2 , f . 7 , 10 ; [ afrl ]
bebearia dowsetti ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 3 , pl . 11 , f . 3 - 4 ; [ afrl ]
bebearia peetersi ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 4 , pl . 17 , f . 1 - 2 ; [ afrl ]
bebearia tessmanni innocuoides hecq , 2000 ; butterflies of the world 9 : 4 , pl . 17 , f . 7 ; tl : nigeria , okomu
bebearia ducarmei ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 4 , pl . 20 , f . 5 - 6 ; [ afrl ]
bebearia bioculata ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 4 , pl . 21 , f . 1 - 2 ; [ afrl ]
bebearia cutteri camiadei hecq , 2002 ; lambillionea 102 ( 2 ) : 205 , pl . 2 , f . 2 , 5 ; tl : congo , bangui
bebearia baueri ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 6 , pl . 7 - 8 , pl . 31 , f . 1 - 2
bebearia is a genus of brush - footed butterflies . the species are confined to the afrotropical ecozone mainly in the guinean forests of west africa and the congolian forests .
bebearia hargreavesi ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 3 , pl . 12 , f . 2 - 4 , 7 - 8 ; [ afrl ]
bebearia hassoni ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 3 , pl . 10 , f . 7 , pl . 13 , f . 6 ; [ afrl ]
bebearia cottoni ; [ bafr ] , 301 ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 3 , pl . 9 , f . 3 - 4 ; [ afrl ]
bebearia fulgurata ; [ bafr ] , 303 ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 4 , pl . 9 , f . 5 - 6 ; [ afrl ]
bebearia fontainei ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 3 , pl . 10 , f . 3 - 4 , pl . 13 , f . 3 - 4
bebearia raeveli ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 5 , pl . 24 , f . 4 , pl . 30 , f . 6 ; [ afrl ]
bebearia allardi ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 3 , pl . 10 , f . 5 - 6 , pl . 13 , f . 5 ; [ afrl ]
bebearia picturata ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 5 , pl . 24 , f . 1 - 2 , pl . 30 , f . 5 ; [ afrl ]
bebearia cutteri cuypersi hecq , 2002 ; lambillionea 102 ( 2 ) : 205 , pl . 2 , f . 4 , pl . 3 , f . 1 ; tl : congo , lukolela
bebearia schoutedeni ; [ bafr ] , 316 ( text ) ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 3 , pl . 11 , f . 1 - 2 ; [ afrl ]
bebearia ikelemba ; [ ebw ] ; [ bafr ] , 308 ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 2 , pl . 4 , f . 7 - 8 ; [ afrl ]
bebearia discors ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 4 , pl . 16 , f . 5 - 6 , pl . 29 , f . 1 - 2 ; [ afrl ]
bebearia oremansi ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 4 , pl . 16 , f . 7 - 8 , pl . 29 , f . 3 - 4 ; [ afrl ]
bebearia liberti ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 4 , pl . 18 , f . 7 - 8 , pl . 19 , f . 5 - 6 ; [ afrl ]
bebearia tini ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 5 , pl . 23 , f . 7 - 8 , pl . 30 , f . 3 - 4 ; [ afrl ]
bebearia chilonis ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 6 , pl . 27 , f . 3 - 4 , pl . 32 , f . 5 - 6 ; [ afrl ]
bebearia faraveli ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 6 , pl . 24 , f . 5 - 6 , pl . 30 , f . 7 - 8 ; [ afrl ]
bebearia makala ; [ bafr ] , 312 ; [ nhm card ] ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 5 , pl . 25 , f . 1 - 2 ; [ afrl ]
bebearia chloeropis ; [ bafr ] , 312 ; [ nhm card ] ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 5 , pl . 25 , f . 3 - 4 ; [ afrl ]
bebearia braytoni ; [ bafr ] , 304 ( text ) ; [ nhm card ] ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 5 , pl . 25 , f . 5 - 6 ; [ afrl ]
van de weghe , 2007 description de trois nouvelles especes de bebearia du cameroun et du gabon , et mise au point sur certaines especes ( lepidoptera , nymphalidae , limenitinae ) ent . afr . 12 ( 1 ) : 35 - 43
bebearia chriemhilda ; [ bafr ] , 302 ; [ bk ] : 308 , pl . 41 , f . 511 ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 3 , pl . 10 , f . 8 ; [ afrl ]
bebearia intermedia ; [ bafr ] , 314 ( text ) ; [ nhm card ] ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 4 , pl . 22 , f . 1 - 2 , pl . 30 , f . 2 ; [ afrl ]
bebearia cinaethon ; [ bow ] : pl . 92 , f . 23 ( text only ) ; [ bafr ] , 308 ; [ nhm card ] ; hecq , 2000 , butterflies of the world 9 : 2 , pl . 4 , f . 5 ; [ afrl ]
jacques hecq , 2000 , schmetterlinge der erde , butterflies of the world part ix ( 9 ) , nymphalidae iv - bebearia . edited by erich bauer and thomas frankenbach keltern : goecke & evers ; canterbury : hillside books . isbn 9783931374501 and supplement 3 - detailed text in french .
sáfián , szabolcs , pyrcz , tomasz & brattström , oskar , 2016 , two new species of bebearia hemming , 1960 , as further evidence of centre of endemism of butterflies in western nigeria ( lepidoptera : nymphalidae : limenitinae ) , zootaxa 4175 ( 5 ) , pp . 449 - 462 : 451
defining species groups is a convenient way of subdividing well - defined genera with a large number of recognized species . bebearia species are so arranged in assemblages called
species groups
but ( not superspecies , but an informal phenetic arrangement ) . these may or may not be clades . as molecular phylogenetic studies continue , lineages distinct enough to warrant some formal degree of recognition become evident and new groupings are suggested , but consistent ranking remains a problem .
defining species groups is a convenient way of subdividing well - defined genera with a large number of recognized species . bebearia species are so arranged in assemblages called
species groups
but ( not superspecies , but an informal phenetic arrangement ) . these may or may not be clades . as molecular phylogenetic studies continue , lineages distinct enough to warrant some formal degree of recognition become evident and new groupings are suggested , but consistent ranking remains a problem .
euryphene tentyris hewitson , 1866 ; ill . exot . butts [ 3 ] ( aterica & euryphene v - vi ) : [ 44 ] , pl . [ 22 ] , f . 21 - 22 ; tl : old calabar
euryphene tentyris var . seeldrayersi aurivillius , 1899 ; k . svenska vetenskakad . handl . 31 ( 5 ) : 201 ; tl : congo , momporo
guinea , sierra leone , libera , ivory coast , ghana . see [ maps ]
ivory coast , ghana , nigeria , cameroon , congo , zaire . see [ maps ]
sierra leone , liberia , ivory coast , ghana , nigeria , cameroon , gabon , congo , c . a . r . , zaire , w . uganda , nw . tanzania . see [ maps ]
euryphene carshena hewitson , 1871 ; ill . exot . butts [ 3 ] ( euryphene vii ) : [ 48 ] , pl . [ 24 ] , f . 31 - 32 ; tl : old calabar
euryphene tentyris var . languida schultze , 1920 ; ergeb . 2tn . dt . zent . afrika exp . 1 ( 14 ) : 724
papilio absolon fabricius , 1793 ; ent . syst . 3 ( 1 ) : 56
e . guinea , sierra leone , liberia , ivory coast , ghana , nigeria , cameroon , gabon , congo , c . a . r . , zaire
euryphene entebbiae lathy , 1906 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1906 ( 1 ) : 5 , pl . 2 , f . 1 ; tl : entebbe , uganda
nigeria , cameroon , gabon , congo , c . a . r . , zaire . see [ maps ]
sierra leone , liberia , ivory coast , ghana , nigeria , cameroon , equatorial guinea , gabon , congo , c . a . r . , zaire , uganda . see [ maps ]
aterica zonara butler , 1871 ; proc . zool . soc . lond . 1871 : 81 ; tl : fantee , cape coast
: pl . 92 , f . 20 ( text only , spell . ? )
aterica abesa hewitson , 1869 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1869 ( 1 ) : 74 ; tl : cape coast castle
guinea , sierra leone , liberia , ivory coast , ghana , togo , nigeria , cameroon , gabon , congo , c . a . r . , zaire
euryphene oxione hewitson , 1866 ; ill . exot . butts [ 3 ] ( aterica & euryphene v - vi ) : [ 44 ] ; tl : old calabar
cameroon , gabon , congo , angola , c . a . r . , zaire , uganda
euryphene oxione squalida talbot , 1928 ; bull . hill mus . 2 : 230 ; tl : entebbe
cameroon , congo , zaire , w . uganda ( bwamba , toro ) . see [ maps ]
euryphene comus ward , 1871 ; ent . mon . mag . 8 : 82 ; tl : cameroons
euryphene cinaethon hewitson , 1874 ; ill . exot . butts [ 3 ] ( euryphene ix ) : [ 52 ] , pl . [ 26 ] , f . 40 - 41 ; tl : west africa
euryphene ikelemba aurivillius , 1901 ; ent . tidskr . 22 : 116 ; tl : ikelemba r .
guinea , sierra leone , liberia , ivory coast , ghana , togo , w . cameroon , congo . see [ maps ]
papilio cocalia fabricius , 1793 ; ent . syst . 3 ( 1 ) : 250
zaire ( kivu ) , w . uganda , w . kenya , nw . tanzania
euryphene badiana rebel , 1914 ; ann . mus . wien . 28 : 245 , pl . 20 , f . 23 - 24
e . nigeria , cameroon , gabon , congo , n . angola , zaire , w . uganda , w . tanzania , w . zambia
senegal , gambia , guinea bissau , n . guinea , n . sierra leone , n . ivory coast . see [ maps ]
euryphene senegalensis herrich - schäffer , [ 1850 ] ; samml . aussereurop . schmett . ( ii ) 1 : 54 , 1 ( ? 6 ) pl . [ 23 ] , f . 95 - 98
euryphene orientis karsch , 1895 ; ent . nachr . 21 ( 18 ) : 277
euryphene mardania dealbata carcasson , 1958 ; occ . pap . coryndon mus . 5 : 8
nigeria , cameroon , congo , w . zaire , n . angola . see [ maps ]
euryphene guineensis c . & r . felder , [ 1867 ] ; reise fregatte novara , bd 2 ( abth . 2 ) ( 3 ) : 430 ; tl : guinea , calabar vetus
papilio sophus fabricius , 1793 ; ent . syst . 3 ( 1 ) : 46
guinea , sierra leone , liberia , ivory coast , ghana , togo , benin , nigeria , cameroon , . . . ?
euryphene phreone feisthamel , 1850 ; ann . soc . ent . fr . ( 2 ) 8 : 253 ( boisduval )
euryphene sophus audeoudi riley , 1936 ; mitt . schweiz . ent . ges . 16 ( 11 ) : 702 , pl . 7 , f . 2
eyryphene sophus ochreata carcasson , 1961 ; occ . pap . coryndon meml mus . ( 7 ) : 8
aterica barce doubleday , 1847 ; ann . mag . nat . hist . ( 1 ) 20 : 64 ; tl : sierra leone
euryphene barce maculata aurivillius , 1912 ; in seitz , gross - schmett . erde 13 : 178 , pl . 40 a
euryphene staudingeri aurivillius , 1893 ; ent . tidskr . 14 : 199 ; tl : camerun , n ' dian
nigeria , cameroon , gabon , congo , c . a . r . , angola , zaire , uganda , nw . tanzania , n . zambia . see [ maps ]
guinea , sierra leone , liberia , ivory coast , ghana . see [ maps ]
e . nigeria , cameroon , e . zaire , gabon . see [ maps ]
nigeria , cameroon , equatorial guinea , congo , c . a . r .
euryphene brunhilda kirby , 1889 ; ann . mag . nat . hist . ( 6 ) 3 ( 15 ) : 247 ; tl : cameroons
euryphene iturina karsch , 1894 ; ent . nachr . 20 ( 14 / 15 ) : 215
euryphene schoutedeni overlaet , 1954 ; ann . mus . congo belge ( n . s . ) sci . zool . 1 : 490
coastal areas ( e . kenya , e . tanzania ) . see [ maps ]
euryphene chriemhilda staudinger , 1896 ; dt . ent . z . iris 8 ( 2 ) : 370 , pl . 8 , f . 4
euryphene congolensis capronnier , 1889 ; bull . ent . soc . belg . 33 : cxxii ; tl : kassai
euryphene phranza hewitson , 1865 ; ill . exot . butts [ 3 ] ( euryphene ii ) : [ 37 ] , pl . [ 19 ] , f . 7 - 8 ; tl : old calabar
euriphene phranza robiginosus talbot , 1927 ; rev . zool . afr . 15 : 267
cameroon - zaire ( mbandaka - ituri , kasai ) . see [ maps ]
euryphene severini aurivillius , 1898 ; öfvers . k . vetenskakad . förh . stockh . 54 : 280 , f . 2 ; tl : congo , beni - bendi
euryphene aurora aurivillius , 1896 ; öfvers . k . vetenskakad . förh . 53 : 433 ; tl : ubangi
euryphene wilverthi aurivillius , 1898 ; ent . tidskr . 19 : 177 ; tl : congo
aurora kayonza jackson , 1956 ; j . e afr . nat . hist . soc . 23 ( 1 ) : 74
euryphene tessmanni grünberg , 1910 ; s . b . ges . naturf . fr . berl . 1910 ( 10 ) : 471 ; tl : spanish guinea
euryphene flaminia staudinger , 1891 ; dt . ent . z . iris , 4 ( 1 ) : 110 , pl . 1 , f . 4 ; tl : barombi station , cameroons
e . nigeria , cameroon , equatorial guinea , congo , zaire , w . uganda ?
euryphene maximiana staudinger , 1891 ; dt . ent . z . iris , 4 ( 1 ) : 112 ; tl : barombi station , cameroons
euryphene intermedia bartel , 1905 ; novit . zool . 12 : 144 ; tl : kamerun , barombi - station
euryphene nivaria ward , 1871 ; ent . mon . mag . 8 : 82 ; tl : cameroons
nigeria , cameroon , gabon , congo , c . a . r . , w . zaire
euryphene phantasiella staudinger , 1891 ; dt . ent . z . iris , 4 ( 1 ) : 114 ; tl : barombi station
euryphene phantasiella simulata van someren , 1939 ; j . e . afr . uganda nat . hist . soc . 14 ( 65 ) : 54 ; tl : katera
euryphene phantasiella var . ? phantasina staudinger , 1891 ; dt . ent . z . iris , 4 ( 1 ) : 114 ; tl : sierra leone
guinea , sierra leone , liberia , ivory coast , ghana , togo , e . nigeria
sierra leone , liberia , ivory coast , ghana , w . nigeria , cameroon , congo . see [ maps ]
guinea , sierra leone , liberia , ivory coast , ghana , togo , w . nigeria
euryphene demetra obsolescens talbot , 1928 ; bull . hill mus . 2 : 230 ; tl : bitje , ja river
euryphene makala bethune - baker , 1908 ; ann . mag . nat . hist . ( 8 ) 2 ( 12 ) : 473 ; tl : makala , congo free state
euryphene chloeropis bethune - baker , 1908 ; ann . mag . nat . hist . ( 8 ) 2 ( 12 ) : 474 ; tl : makala , congo free state
euryphene eliensis hewitson , 1866 ; ill . exot . butts [ 3 ] ( aterica & euryphene v - vi ) : [ 46 ] , pl . [ 23 ] , f . 23 - 26 ; tl : gaboon
zaire , s . cameroon , gabon , congo , c . a . r .
evena ceres var . unita capronnier , 1889 ; bull . ent . soc . belg . 33 : cxxiv
euryphene luteola bethune - baker , 1908 ; ann . mag . nat . hist . ( 8 ) 2 ( 12 ) : 474 ; tl : makala - beni ; ituri forest , mawamba - makala
euryphene ashantina dudgeon , 1913 ; ent . mon . mag . 49 : 204 ; tl : ashanti , gold coast
romaleosoma cutteri hewitson , 1865 ; ill . exot . butts [ 3 ] ( romaleosoma ii - iii ) : [ 31 ] , pl . [ 16 ] , f . 13 - 15 ; tl : old calabar
euphaedra cutteri harleyi fox , 1968 ; bull . i . f . a . n . ( a ) 30 : 1248 ; tl : wanau forest
euryphene innocua grose - smith & kirby , 1889 ; rhop . exot . [ 2 ] 1 : ( euryphene ) 1 , pl . 1 , f . 3 - 4 ; tl : cameroons
e . nigeria , cameroon , congo , c . a . r . , sw . zaire . see [ maps ]
e . nigeria , cameroun , gabon , congo , w . zaire . see [ maps ]
euryphene castanea holland , 1893 ; can . ent . 25 ( 1 ) : 1 ; tl : kangwé , ogové valley
euryphene ducalis grünberg , 1912 ; ergeb . dt . z . - afr . exped . 3 ( zool . 1 ) : 534
checklist of afrotropical papilionoidea and hesperoidea ; compiled by mark c . williams , 7th ed . ( 2008 ) ( april 2007 ) ;
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reise der österreichischen fregatte novara um die erde in den jahren 1857 , 1858 , 1859 unter den behilfen des commodore b . von wüllerstorf - urbair . zoologischer theil . band 2 . abtheilung 2 . lepidoptera . rhopalocera
- 120 , ( inhalts - verz . ) 1 - 9 ( pl . 1 - 74 ) , ( felder & rogenhofer , 1874 ) , ( 5 ) : pl .
contribution a la faune du congo ( brazzaville ) . mission a . villiers et a . descarpentries lxviii . lepidopteres nymphalidae , danaidae et riodinidae
( 1902 ) , : ( ragadia - argyronympha - hypocysta ) : 1 - 6 , pl . [ 1 ] ( 1895 ) , [ 2 ]
illustrations of new species of exotic butterflies selected chiefly from the collections of w . wilson saunders and william c . hewitson
lepidoptera of the congo . being a systematic list of the butterflies and moths collected by the american museum of natural history congo expedition together with descriptions of some hitherto undescribed species
new lepidoptera collected by mr . t . a . barns , in east central africa . new forms of rhopalocera
verzeichniss der von professor dr . r . bucholz in west - africa gesammelten schmetterlinge
wissenschaftliche ergebnisse der expedition r . grauernach . zentralafrika . 1909 - 1911 . lepidoptera
if you have corrections , comments or information to add into these pages , just send mail to markku savela keep in mind that the taxonomic information is copied from various sources , and may include many inaccuracies . expert help is welcome .
© 2016 , butterfly conservation society , ghana - african butterfly research institute - icom ltd .
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a diverse genus from african forests . species groups listed are based on larsen ' s ( 2005 ) treatment of the west african fauna .
ackery pr , smith cr , and vane - wright ri eds . 1995 . carcasson ' s african butterflies . canberra : csiro .
larsen , t . b . 2005 butterflies of west africa . stenstrup , denmark : apollo books .
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in appearance . the females , especially , are very similar on their uppersides . the undersides of
seitz , a . die gross - schmetterlinge der erde 13 : die afrikanischen tagfalter . plate xiii 40 et seq .
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are all considered to be members of the sub - group . the grouping is based on the wing morphology , particularly the upperside pattern — partially or totally overlaid by a metallic sheen of purplish - bluish colour — and the rather uniform underside with a distinctive rectangular costal spot .
the species is usually very common in various types of forests and it can survive severe habitat degradation ( larsen 2005 , the authors pers . obs . ) . in ghana it even occurs in isolated , often degraded forest patches , where no other smaller
species are found ( bossart et al . 2006 ) . it is replaced entirely by
is most common in the southwestern wet evergreen forests ( e . g . ankasa national park ) . however , according to larsen ( 2005 ) , scattered records are also known from bia and kakum national parks . although larsen ( 2005 ) was certain about the validity of
, no specimens carrying clear characters of the species were found by the authors . therefore all examined specimens with a darker bluish sheen collected in ivory coast , liberia and sierra leone are discussed as
was never recorded , despite its presence in other forest areas in western and southern nigeria ( larsen 2005 ; sáfián & warren 2010 ) . it certainly represents an undescribed species , because little variation in the greenish tone of the iridescent sheen can be seen in a series of individual males , in this way the new species differs from both
no known copyright restrictions apply . see agosti , d . , egloff , w . , 2009 . taxonomic information exchange and copyright : the plazi approach . bmc research notes 2009 , 2 : 53 for further explanation .
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curators : konstantin efetov , vasiliy feoktistov , svyatoslav knyazev , evgeny komarov , stan korb , alexander zhakov .
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chicoreus virgineus , common name the virgin murex , is a species of sea snail , a marine gastropod mollusk in the family muricidae , the murex snails or rock snails .

chicoreus virgineus

variety murex virgineus var . ponderosa g . b . sowerby ii , 1879 accepted as chicoreus virgineus ( röding , 1798 )
species chicoreus ( chicoreus ) austramosus vokes , 1978 represented as chicoreus austramosus e . h . vokes , 1978
species chicoreus ( chicoreus ) kilburni houart & pain , 1982 accepted as chicoreus torrefactus ( g . b . sowerby ii , 1841 ) ( synonym )
chicoreus ( chicoreus ) virgineus ( röding , 1798 ) murex anguliferus lamarck , 1822 ( synonym ) murex cyacantha g . b . sowerby ii , 1879 ( synonym ) murex erythraeus p . fischer , 1870 ( synonym ) murex ferrugo wood , 1828 ( synonym ) murex ponderosus g . b . sowerby ii , 1879 ( synonym ) murex tricostatus fischer von waldheim , 1807 ( synonym ) murex virgineus ( röding , 1798 ) murex virgineus var . ponderosa g . b . sowerby ii , 1879 muricanthus virgineus ( röding , 1798 ) purpura rudis link , 1807 ( synonym ) purpura virginea röding , 1798 ( original combination )
( of chicoreus ( chicoreus ) virgineus ( röding , 1798 ) ) merle d . , garrigues b . & pointier j . - p . ( 2011 ) fossil and recent muricidae of the world . part muricinae . hackenheim : conchbooks . 648 pp . [ details ]
interindividual variation of predatory behaviour of chicoreus dilectus in experimental ( with crab ) and control ( without crab ) treatments .
total number of prey offered and consumed with total numbers of each mode of attack for experimental ( with crab ) and control ( without crab ) treatments of chicoreus dilectus .
drilling traces of chicoreus dilectus on the shell of its prey chione elevata . a . edge drilling . b . wall drilling . c . escutcheon drilling . scale bar = 1 cm .
proportion of different modes of attack by chicoreus dilectus in experimental ( with crab ) and control ( without crab ) treatments . black bar indicates experimental treatment ; grey bar indicates control treatment .
( of muricanthus virgineus ( röding , 1798 ) ) subba rao , n . v . ( 2003 ) indian seashells ( part 1 ) polyplacophora and gastropoda . records of the zoological survey of india , occassional paper , 192 , x + 416 pp . , 96 pls . nizt 682 [ details ]
shubhabrata paul , gregory s . herbert , gregory p . dietl ; predator - induced edge - drilling behaviour of chicoreus dilectus ( gastropoda : muricidae ) , journal of molluscan studies , volume 81 , issue 2 , 1 may 2015 , pages 233–237 , urltoken
twelve live chicoreus dilectus were collected from st joseph ' s bay , florida , usa ( 29°n , 85 . 5°w ) . live c . elevata prey and stone crabs were collected and replenished as needed from two stations in tampa bay at bird key , florida ( 27 . 4°n , 82 . 4°w ) and miguel bay , florida ( 27 . 6°n , 82 . 6°w ) . animals were sampled under special activity license 08sr - 901 from the florida fish and wildlife conservation commission and all shells have been deposited in the personal research collection of gsh at the university of south florida in tampa .
merle d . , garrigues b . & pointier j . - p . ( 2011 ) fossil and recent muricidae of the world . part muricinae . hackenheim : conchbooks . 648 pp . [ details ]
( of murex cyacantha g . b . sowerby ii , 1879 ) petit , r . e . ( 2009 ) . george brettingham sowerby , i , ii & iii : their conchological publications and molluscan taxa . zootaxa . 2189 : 1–218 . , available online at urltoken [ details ] available for editors [ request ]
( of murex ponderosus g . b . sowerby ii , 1879 ) petit , r . e . ( 2009 ) . george brettingham sowerby , i , ii & iii : their conchological publications and molluscan taxa . zootaxa . 2189 : 1–218 . , available online at urltoken [ details ] available for editors [ request ]
to biodiversity heritage library ( 4 publications ) to biodiversity heritage library ( 53 publications ) ( from synonym murex anguliferus lamarck , 1822 ) to biodiversity heritage library ( 8 publications ) ( from synonym murex erythraeus p . fischer , 1870 ) to biodiversity heritage library ( 9 publications ) ( from synonym murex tricostatus fischer von waldheim , 1807 ) to encyclopedia of life to mnhn molluscs type collection ( 2000 - 826 ) ( from synonym murex anguliferus lamarck , 1822 ) to mnhn molluscs type collection ( 2000 - 839 ) ( from synonym murex erythraeus p . fischer , 1870 )
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version 43 . 0 went live 11 / 6 / 2018 - i hope that the majority of issues have been fixed . my email address is on the home page if you see anything wrong .
murex anguliferus lamarck , j . b . p . a . de , 1822
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shell gallery view « shell encyclopedia , conchology , inc . » conchological megadatabase on mollusks
the star system calculates the number of pieces that were handled by conchology , inc . in the last 15 years :
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shell moderately large in size ; fusiform ; spire acute ; body whorl large and inflated ; sculpture composed of four rounded varices ornamented with 6 to 7 strong spiral cords alternating with a few minor cords ; inter spaces ornamented with fine threads ; shoulder bearing a prominent spine ; spine s on lower poaret of body whorl wing like ; aperture large ; ovate ; anal sulcus not deep ; outer lip thick , coarsely denticulate with a conspicuous tooth on the lower part ; inner lip slightly twisted at anterior region ; siphonal canal broad and distally curved upwards ; colour pale brown with a slight pinkish band on middle of body whorl ; aperture white , margin of aperture pinkish white .
franklin , j . b . and laladhas , k . p . 2014 . marine gastropods of kerala . kerala state biodiversity board . 186pp .
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bijukumar , a . and nair , a . s . ( eds ) . 2014 . marine biodiversity informatics for kerala . < www . keralamarinelife . in > .
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19 % vat incl . excl . shipping costs shipping weight : 0 . 050 kg delivery : max . 12 workdays ( germany ) stock level : 15 piece
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( of euphyllon jousseaume , 1880 ) jousseaume , f . p . ( 1880 ) . division méthodique de la famille des purpuridés . le naturaliste . 2 ( 42 ) : 335 - 338 . , available online at urltoken page ( s ) : 335 [ details ]
. shells are generally compact , lack varices , and are sometimes knobby . the tyrian purple dye imported by the ancient romans was made from bulk harvests of
species . their indigo secretion is neurotoxic to other organisms and probably used offensively . some thaids also get at a clam ' s soft tissue by wedging open the clamshell using a strong tooth developed at the outer lip of their own shell . this is a type of feeding behavior similar to that of the buccinidae family . see for example ,
. these murex shells are thin for their size and typically have rather fragile , arched varices . the aperture is also markedly elongated , with a strong anterior canal .
. shells are like those of the muricinae subframily generally except that the tips of varices are tubular , and the latest varix opens into the aperture . tubular tips on earlier varices are plugged off .
in the thaiidinae subfamily , but it lacks a tooth at the bottom of the shell lip for prying open clams . it has a canal at the rear of the aperture and is also a very sturdy shell .
see a live oyster drill in action : cohen , andrew n . 2005 guide to the exotic species of san francisco bay
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satyamurti , s . t . 1952 . the mollusca of krusadai island ( in the gulf of mannar ) i . amphineura and gastropoda . bulletin madras government museum , new series , natural history section 1 ( 2 ) pt . 6 , pp . 1 - 258 , pls . 1 - 34 , available online at urltoken ; = book & id ; = 73 : bulletin - of - the - madras - government - museum - the - mollusca - of - krusadai - island - in - the - gulf - of - manaar & catid ; = 7 : zoology & itemid ; = 115 [ details ] available for editors [ request ]
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table 1 and figure 2 show the proportion of each mode of attack in the crab and control treatment tanks . although wall drilling was more common than edge drilling in both treatments ( table 1 ) , wall - drilling frequencies did not vary significantly between crab ( 50 % of all attacks , 20 / 40 ) and control ( 53 . 1 % of all attacks , 17 / 32 ) treatment tanks ( fisher ' s exact test , p = 1 ) . considerable interindividual variation in behaviour was observed ( table 2 ) . edge drilling , however , was on average more often expressed for snails feeding in the presence of crab chemical cues than in isolation ( fisher ' s exact test , p = 0 . 03 ) . edge - drilled shells accounted for 32 . 5 % of all attacks ( 13 / 40 ) in the crab treatment , compared with 9 . 4 % ( 3 / 32 ) in the control treatment . nondrilling modes of attack were more frequent in the control group ( 37 . 5 % , 12 / 32 ) than in the experimental group ( 17 . 5 % , 7 / 40 ) , although this difference is not statistically significant ( fisher ' s exact test , p = 0 . 22 ) .
numbers within parentheses indicate percentages of consumed prey attacked by edge drilling , wall drilling , or nondrilling modes .
letters ( e1 , e2 , c1 , c2 , etc . ) indicate the six individual snails tracked in each treatment . numbers within predation mode columns indicate the raw number of times a mode was expressed by a particular individual .
predator - prey interactions between chione elevata ( bivalvia : chioninae ) and naticarius canrena ( gastropoda : naticidae ) in the florida keys , u . s . a
predator size , prey size , and the scaling of vulnerability : hatchling gastropods vs . barnacles
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