the texas cichlid ( herichthys cyanoguttatus , formerly cichlasoma cyanoguttatum ) is a freshwater fish of the cichlid family .

this is the only cichlid species that is native to the united states .

the fish , also known as rio grande cichlid , originates from the lower rio grande drainage in texas near brownsville and northeastern mexico .

herichthys cyanoguttatus can grow to be over 13 in ( 33 cm ) and are differentiated by their distinctive characteristics and specific habitat needs .

this cichlid is known for its cream and turquoise spots .

adult males also develop a nuchal hump on their head .

this cichlid also prefers the water temperature to be between 68 and 82 °f ( 20 – 28 °c ) and are negatively affected by rapid changes in temperature .

texas cichlid

super green texas cichlid
super green
texas cichlid ( h . cyanoguttatus )
texas parks and wildlife , 2015 . texas parks and wildlife state government departmental website . texas , usa : texas parks and wildlife department . urltoken
the cichlid room companion aquariacentral cichlid forum tropical fish hobbyist monster fish keepers urltoken american cichlid assoc . african cichlid hub aqua mojo cichlid research super cichlids
fish information and habitats for large cichlid aquariums , types of cichlids like the parrot cichlid , firemouth cichlid , green terror , oscar , texas cichlid and more .
in the aquarium trade you can often find fishes sold under the names blue texas cichlid , green texas cichlid , and red texas cichlid . these common names can cause quite a lot of confusion because they are used for color variants of
cichlid keepers american cichlid alliance american cichlid assoc . dwarf cichlids world wide  pike cichlids african rift lake , victorian and madagascar species cichlid conversations african cichlids worldwide cichlid keeping done right
that was aggressive toward the female texas cichlid . i removed the male texas cichlid to another fish aquarium , and now the female texas cichlid is fine and starting to dig holes in the gravel . can i now reintroduce the male cichlid ? also , is there anything i can do to prevent the male cichlid from being so
berg w , 2010 . the texas cichlid herichthys cyanoguttaus . tropical fish hobbyist magazine . urltoken
born in the u . s . a . ( and mexico ) , the texas cichlid , herichthys cyanoguttatus
is known by are rio grande perch , rio grande perch cichlid , and pearl cichlid .
loiselle , paul v . 2001 . as might be expected , texas cichlids can be texas sized . afm 2 / 01 .
look out for pearlscale cichlids labelled as texas cichlids , as it is a misleading common name that is often given to herichthys carpintis – though a totally different species to the fish we know as the texas cichlid ( herichthys cyanoguttatus ) . it is often labelled as the green texas cichlid .
aggression is a serious consideration when keeping red texas cichlids as they are considerable more aggressive than other texas cichlids ( herichthys cyanoguttatus ) . when planning tank mates for this species , it is best to think of the red texas cichlid as a flowerhorn cichlid rather than as texas cichlid . they should only be kept with other large robust semi - aggressive to aggressive fish species in a suitably large aquarium .
hendrickson da ; cohen ae , 2012 . fishes of texas project and online database . usa : university of texas at austin . urltoken
the name red texas cichlid is chiefly used for an aquarium hybrid between a texas cichlid and some other cichlid . the ancestry of the red texas cichlid is therefore obscure and variable . the quality of fry sold under the name red texas cichlid or red flowerhorn varies a lot , and the number of specimens that develop into vibrantly red show cichlids will be really low even in a good batch . you can generally expect a significant portion of each batch to never become red at all , and black spotting is prevalent among those that do turn red . it is not uncommon for a “red” texas cichlid to be more black than red .
within the ornamental fish industry , strains of h . cyanoguttatus are available that include the blue texas cichlid , green texas cichlid and red texas cichlid ( berg , 2010 ) . these common names may refer to colour variants of h . cyanoguttatus as well as to hybrids and entirely different species . for example , the name ' blue texas cichlid ' may describe h . cyanoguttatus or the closely - related species herichthys carpintis or herichthys labridens ( berg , 2010 ) . the name ' green texas cichlid ' often refers to h . carpintis ; a species that is native to mexico ( berg , 2010 ) . the name ' red texas cichlid ' is chiefly used to describe a hybrid between h . cyanoguttatus and another cichlid species ( berg , 2010 ) .
) in the aquarium prior to moving the male cichlid . first , it was good that you chose to move the male texas cichlid rather than the female texas cichlid – a detail we’ll use to your advantage when planning a reintroduction . however , while it is good news that the female cichlid seems to have recovered , adding the male cichlid back in with her will present some challenges .
we had two texas cichlids , two convict cichlids , and a green terror in the tank . the convict cichlids laid eggs but the texas male ate all of them . then once the texas cichlids laid eggs the male killed all of the other fish including his mate and now we only have the texas cichlid male and about 200 babies .
the internationally preferred common name of h . cyanoguttatus is the rio grande cichlid , though the species is commonly referred to in aquarium literature as the texas cichlid ( e . g . berg , 2010 ; seriously fish , 2015 ) . in australia , the species is only known as the texas cichlid .
rogue pointed out herichthys cyanoguttatus , and while this is the real texas cichlid sadly this fish has been forgotten in the hobby . 99 . 9 % of the fish found being called a texas cichlid are actually herichthys carpintis . also a cool fish but not really the texas cichlid . it would be very tough to walk into most any lfs and find a h . cyanoguttatus .
is quite popular in europe . if you are into big , feisty cichlids , the texas cichlid just might be for you !
konings , ad . 1998 . the texas cichlid . it ' s all about the water temperature . afm 2 / 98 .
fish information for south american cichlids , central american cichlids , and dwarf cichlids including cichlid care , cichlid breeding , and fish diseases for south american cichlid aquariums .
barluenga m , meyer a . the midas cichlid species complex : incipient sympatric speciation in nicaraguan cichlid fishes ?
like i said vp , my oscar was cool with my texas and the texas was like 1 / 4 the size . i think it will be fine .
heros pavonaceus garman 1881 , parapetenia cyanostigma hernández - rolón 1990 , cichlasoma cyanoguttatum ; texas cichlid , rio grande perch , mojarra de norte .
though most commonly known as the texas cichlid , this fish is also named after its most famous river of origin and is thus also called the the rio grande perch or rio grande cichlid . some sources also call it a pearl cichlid as well , but this is confusing as there is another well defined cichlid ,
they are a north american cichlid found in the rivers and lakes of texas in the united states and in northern mexico . the texas cichlid is the only naturally occuring in the united states . originally their range was restricted to the lower rio grande drainage in texas and south to northeastern mexico . but they have been introduced on edwards plateau of central texas , central florida , and the verde river basin of the la media luna region in mexico .
) was described by baird and girard in 1854 . three distinct subspecies were recognized by alvarez in 1970 . these include the nominate form texas cichlid
discussion regarding only central american cichlid species . ( guapotes , jack dempseys , red devils , firemouths , convicts , texas cichlids , etc . )
popular aquarium and freshwater fish - - texas fish . for more details click on -
) is the northern most occurring cichlid and the only cichlid native to waters of the united states . it is naturally found in the waters of southern texas ( namely the rio grande ) and northern mexico .
the red texas cichlid is a hybrid fish that was developed by the cross breeding of flowerhorn cichlid ( cichlasoma sp . ) and texas cichlid ( herichthys cyanoguttatus ) , thus does not exist in the wild . in a sense the red texas cichlid is a second generation hybrid , as the flowerhorn cichlid with which it is cross bred is already a hybrid produced by cross breeding the trimac cichlid with other various central american cichlids . as flowerhorn cross breeding began in the mid 80s , they have since been bred with multiple other species and line bred for coloration and pattern , which has made them almost indistinguishable from their wild origins .
i just checked the list . the rio grande ( texas ) cichlid is indeed on las banned list . you cannot own them in your state .
the territorial texas cichlid is the only cichlid native to the united states . just like its central american relatives , it can be quite aggressive and should only be kept by aquarists interested in dealing with belligerent fish .
the texas cichlid , also known as the rio grande perch , rio grande cichlid or pearl cichlid , is readily available both online and in fish stores . it is usually not very expensive as a juvenile . adults in excellent breeding condition are less common and will cost more .
when it comes to feeding , the texas cichlid is certainly not a finicky eater and will readily accept virtually any type of food , including flakes and pellets . keeping
the flowerhorn cichlids are a man made , hybridised cichlid . they are a large cichlid that requires plenty of space . they can be fiercely territorial and will eat small fish . flowerhorn cichlid – cichlasoma sp .
the name green texas cichlid is typically used for h . carpintis , a fairly close relative of h . cyanoguttatus , but it can also be used for other species and variants . h . carpintis is collected from mexican waters , and it is unclear if it even exists in texas . you can tell the two species apart by looking at the spots , as h . cyanoguttatus has smaller spots than h . carpintis . as mentioned above , h . carpintis is sometimes sold under the name blue texas cichlid , which naturally makes the situation even more confusing for prospective cichlid owners . it is also known as the pearlscale cichlid and lowland cichlid .
buchanan tm , 1971 . the reproductive ecology of the rio grande cichlid cichlasoma cyanoguttatum ( baird and girard ) , dphil thesis , usa : university of texas , 226 .
marvin picks up a few pointers as he dreams about expanding his own fish room back in texas .
itzkowitz , m . and j . nyby . field observations of parental behavior of the texas cichlid cichlasoma cyanoguttatum . american midland naturalist 108 ( 2 ) : 364 - 368 .
itzkowitz m ; nyby j , 1982 . field observations of parental behavior of the texas cichlid cichlasoma cyanoguttatum . american midland naturalist , 108 ( 2 ) : 364 - 368 .
i am selling an 8
green texas cichlid for $ 100 , i live in boca raton and prefer a local pick up . please contact me if you have any questions
native texas specimens officially translocated and introduced to other drainages in texas as early as 1928 . also introduced and established in parts of florida ( population may have been extirpated ) and louisiana ( population is extensive )
barluenga m , meyer a . the midas cichlid species complex : incipient sympatric speciation in nicaraguan cichlid fishes ? mol ecol . 2004 ; 13 : 2061–76 .
don’t lose heart if the first few batches get eaten by the parents , as it is common for texas cichlid couples to go through a few practice rounds before they get everything right .
what is the minimum tank size for a texas cichlid ? i am finding conflicting information on the web and fishlore doesn ' t have a bio for them . i would like to start a 125g tank with 2 texas and 1 tiger oscar . is this too small ? should i do a 180g ?
as well as for hybrids and entirely different species . take the name blue texas cichlid for instance—many pet shops use this name for a number of blue cichlids from north and central america , including
. visual information , resource value , and sequential assessment in the convict cichlid .
you do realize that texas cichlids or not just in the waters of texas but they are in many of the southeren states waters naturally because of croos breeding . and unintentionally . some just call them different names . texas cichlids have been deliberately and accidentally introduced into the wild throughout the subtropic southern united states from texas to florida ( where water temperatures rarely dip below 48 degrees f ) , where they have flourished , and are often caught incidentally when fishing for
if you ' re trying to imply that texas cichlids are native to any other state in the u . s . other than texas you are mistaken but yes , they have been introduced outside of their natural range including louisiana .
buchanan , t . m . 1971 . the reproductive ecology of the rio grande cichlid , cichlasoma cyanoguttatum , ( baird and girard ) . phd . dissertation , univ . texas . 226 pp .
the rio grande or texas cichlid herichthys cyanoguttatus is a popular ornamental freshwater fish that has been introduced to a number of us states . its wide environmental tolerances , ability to colonize distu . . .
the safest course of action is , of course , to keep the texas cichlid on its own , but it can be combined with other hard - line species as long as the aquarium is at least 125 gallons . an aquarium of that size is also big enough to house a texas cichlid pair , but be prepared to divide it into two sections if the couple turns out to be incompatible .
line bred colour form of the native h . carpintis from the lower rio grande drainage of texas and northeastern mexico .
herichthys cyanoguttatus baird & girard 1854 , the rio grande or texas cichlid . north america ; texas to northeastern mexico . to a foot total length . ph range : 6 . 5 - 7 . 5 ; dh range : 5 . 0 - 12 . 0 , temp . : 20 - 33â°c . aquarium image .
the rio grande cichlid is a fine fighter , and easily caught . it is considered good table fare . the texas state record was caught at lake dunlap in 2011 and weighed 2 . 02 pounds .
and many of the cichlids from south america excluding those belonging to other cichlid subfamilies .
i have a brilliant offer of 20 beautiful malawi cichlid juveniles 4 / 5cm plus .
a brilliant offer of 20 beautiful malawi cichlid hap / peacocks juveniles 4 / 5cm .
my brilliant offer of 10 beautiful malawi cichlid hap / peacocks juveniles 4 / 5cm .
for sale a brilliant offer of 10 beautiful malawi cichlid juveniles 4 / 5cm plus .
my brilliant offer of 1 beautiful malawi cichlid hap / peacocks juveniles 4 / 5cm .
meijide fj , guerrero ga . embryonic and larval development of a substrate - brooding cichlid
barlow gw . the midas cichlid in nicaragua . in : thorson tb , editor .
the natural home of the texas cichlid is the lower rio grande drainage in texas and northeast mexico , where it is a popular game fish . it can be found not only in the main river but also in smaller streams and pools , and is commonly referred to as the rio grande perch . it is known as m
caught on colorado river , texas while using a 3
jerkbait . . . . aggressive little guy . . . .
fish information for african cichlids - lake malawi , lake tanganyika , lake victoria , west african cichlids , and dwarf cichlids including cichlid care , cichlid breeding , and fish diseases .
i want to buy one pair of texas cichlid fertile one not sterile which means i want them to breed i want . them after 45 days . and also please tell me about their price too . thank you
loiselle , paul v . 1985 . the cichlid aquarium . tetra press , melle germany .
for sale i have an offer of 1 beautiful malawi mbuna cichlid juveniles 4 / 5cm .
summary of midas cichlid development and comparison to the development of other teleosts . ( a )
summary of the most important steps of the first week of midas cichlid development at 28°c .
klingenberg cp , barluenga m , meyer a . body shape variation in cichlid fishes of the
brown . 1953 . introduced fish species of the guadalupe river basin . texas journal of science . 5 : 245 - 51 .
caught from the woodlands waterway drainage ditch just before its confluence with panther branch , san jacinto watershed , montgomery county , texas .
the texas cichlid is the only member of the cichlid family that is native to the united states , being found in the lower rio grande in texas ( of course ) . it ' s a black or dark gray , fine - spotted fish with spiny fins and a small mouth . texas cichlids are popular aquarium pets and this no doubt played a role in this fish become established as an invasive species in florida and louisiana . like most cichlids , it ' s not picky about baits and will eagerly bite on just about anything you put in front of it .
the texas cichlid is one of most aggressive and belligernet of all cichlids , and reinforces the slogan
don ' t mess with texas .
it ' s a pretty large fish , reaching up to about 12 inches ( 30 cm ) in length , but is no where near being the biggest of the american cichlids . species like the central american
hubbs c ; lucier t ; garrett gp ; edwards rj ; dean sm ; marsh e ; belk d , 1978 . survival and abundance of introduced fishes near san antonio , texas . texas journal of science , 30 ( 4 ) : 369 - 376 .
the texas cichlid is not a good candidate for living in a community tank and should be kept in very large aquariums either alone or in a pair . as a juvenile , the texas cichlid is extremely passive and will be in danger from most other juvenile cichlids , though it is possible to keep a young specimen with other non - aggressive fish . the timid young texas cichlid will have trouble getting enough food if kept with fast eaters or aggressive tank mates . interestingly , as the fish ages it loses this passive attitude and becomes extremely aggressive , presenting a clear threat to almost any tank mate . once they are older , reaching about 5 or 6 inches , they then become the threat . at this point some fishkeepers have reported successfully keeping a texas cichlid in a very large tank with other large fish , but many others have said the fish will simply harass each other to death .
texas distribution : native to the rio grande and pecos drainages ( brown 1953 ) ; introduced northwards to central texas in the edwards plateau region . ( birkhead 1980 ) . populations exist as far north as the san gabriel river in the brazos river system ( hubbs et al . 1991 ) . hubbs ( 1957 ) reported that the species was essentially limited to the tamaulipan biotic province , in texas .
hubbs , c . , r . j . edwards and g . p . garrett . 1991 . an annotated checklist of freshwater fishes of texas , with key to identification of species . texas journal of science , supplement 43 ( 4 ) : 1 - 56 .
brown wh , 1953 . introduced fish species in the guadalupe river basin . texas journal of science , 5 : 245 - 251 .
big , bold , and beautifulâ€”discover how to keep the only cichlid native to the united states .
cichlasomatinae is a subfamily of cichlid fishes . it includes all cichlids native to islands in the :
maylandia estherae o b zebra cichlid 4 - 5 cm . maylandia greshakei albino red top ice blue cichlid 4 - 5 cm . maylandia estherae red red zebra cichlid 4 - 5 cm . the pictures are of the actual juveniles and the rest are of what the juveniles will grow into .
juntti sa , hu ck , fernald rd . tol2 - mediated generation of a transgenic haplochromine cichlid
if spawning is not immediately in the cards , adding the male cichlid back will require additional tricks . as i mentioned , it was good that you removed the aggressive male texas cichlid . by doing so , you inadvertently gave the territorial advantage to the female cichlid ( the home field advantage , so to speak ) . however , cichlids can be remarkably bright , and it is likely that your male cichlid will remember both the female cichlid and the layout of the aquarium . while there’s not much you can do about the female cichlid and her history of being the subordinate tropical fish in the relationship , you can change the layout of the aquarium . re - aquascape your freshwater aquarium and then give the female cichlid a few weeks to adjust to the change and establish herself – this will put the male cichlid at a disadvantage when you add him back to the aquarium if he considers it unfamiliar territory .
hubbs , c . , r . j . edwards , and g . p . garrett . 1991 . an annotated checklist of freshwater fishes of texas , with key to identification of species . texas journal of science , supplement 43 ( 4 ) : 1 - 56 .
the rio grande cichlid is a fine fighter , and easily caught . it is considered good table fare . the texas state record was caught in the south llano river in 2001 and weighed 1 . 59 pounds . taken from : urltoken
the distribution of the rio grande cichlid in texas appears to have originally been limited to the lower reaches of the rio grande . however , a number of populations have been established in river drainages of central texas ' edwards plateau including the san marcos , guadalupe , san antonio and colorado rivers . minimum temperature tolerances in the colorado river have been measured at 57 - 66°f .
my ebjd is a really slow grower also . he when from 1 . 5
to 6
in a year . ime that ' s pretty slow for cichlids but i ' ve really only had oscars in the past and they grow like weeds . perhaps if i did do a texas / oscar tank i should grow out the texas cichlid first in a different tank
the rio grande cichlid was once found only in waterways in northern mexico and southern texas . popular among aquarium hobbyists thanks to its iridescent blue and green markings , adult cichlids typically grow 6 or 8 inches long but can reach a foot .
rogue , i am aware that they are the only north american cichlid but they have been introduced into south american waterways by man so i ' m sure that a wild texas cichlid has seen an oscar and i don ' t mind mixing them up a little in my tank . it will just have to be a liberal biotope tank lol
barluenga m , meyer a . phylogeography , colonization and population history of the midas cichlid species complex (
my texas , which is 2 - 3 inches , is in with my 1 inch jack dempsey and my 3 inch jack dempsey . he recently killed my gold severum before i got the 3 inch jack dempsey . it was my texas that killed it . my texas likes flame tetras as food live , and my 1 inch jack dempsey made friends with the almost 1 inch feeder gold fish i put in . they won ' t eat it , they are to busy attacking each other . my texas and 3 inch jack dempsey lip locked 3 times that i saw .
brown , w . h . 1953 . introduced fish species in the guadalupe river basin . texas journal of science 5 : 245 - 251 .
the fact that most fishes sold under the texas cichlid flag are similar doesn’t mean that they are identical or only superficially different . h . carpintis will , for instance , rarely grow bigger than 8 inches while h . cyanoguttatus can reach a length of
12 inches , and this will naturally have a significant impact on recommended aquarium length and volume . you should also be prepared for temperamental differences . for example , the hybrid sold under the name red texas cichlid is known to be even more violent than
i was surfing and came across your page . critical issue ! i am a supporter of the nas , an avid member of the american cichlid association and the texas cichlid association . just a minor correction to the above sighting . the fish pictured is a cichlisoma ( herichthys ) cyanogattatum aka texas cichlid . while i have not heard of one being caught in la , we have had many reported sightings of native populations as far north as austin . likely this specimen was transported and released or through some other form of contamination of the water supply . just thought you might want to accurately identify the interloper .
hubbs , c . 1951 . minimum temperature tolerances for fishes of the genera signalosa and herichthys in texas . copeia 1951 ( 4 ) : 297 .
hubbs , c . 1951 . minimum temperature tolerances for fishes of the genera signalosa and herichthys in texas . copeia 1951 ( 4 ) : 297 .
balon ek . die entwicklung der texas - cichlide ( herichthys cyanoguttatus baird et girard ) nach dem schlüpfen . zool anz . 1960 ; 162 : 339–55
balon ek . die entwicklung der texas - cichlide ( herichthys cyanoguttatus baird et girard ) nach dem schlüpfen . zool anz . 1960 ; 162 : 339–55
buchanan ( 1971 ) reported that in the san marcos river , texas , h . cyanoguttatus reproduced from march to august with peak activity in april .
hubbs c , 1951 . minimum temperature tolerances for fishes of the genera signalosa and herichthys in texas . copeia , 1951 ( 4 ) : 297 .
elmer kr , lehtonen tk , fan s , meyer a . crater lake colonization by neotropical cichlid fishes .
summary of midas cichlid development and comparison to the development of other teleosts . ( a ) summary of the most important steps of the first week of midas cichlid development at 28°c . ( b ) comparison between this study and three further studies on teleosts including c . dimerus , a south american cichlid [ 29 ] , o . niloticus , an african cichlid [ 26 ] and d . rerio , the zebrafish [ 22 ] .
the texas cichlid is an easy fish to care for and will eat most anything . however , this fish is not for the beginner cichlid keeper ! this fish has a nasty attitude towards others and will make a mess out of a well decorated tank . they can be very messy depending on how they are fed and will need a very strict time consuming maintenance schedule .
keeping red texas cichlid in a community of large cichlid will mean that a 6 to 8 foot long tank is a minimum with something along the lines of an 8 foot 240 gallon to 300 gallon being recommended . while they require a large aquarium if you are going to house them with other cichlids , they can be kept alone in tanks as small as 75 gallons .
edwards , r . j . 2003 . ecological profiles for selected stream - dwelling fishes iv . report to the texas water development board . 19 pp .
hubbs , c . 1957 . distributional patterns of texas fresh - water fishes . the southwestern naturalist 2 ( 2 / 3 ) : 89 - 104 .
i have a texas . they are slow growers . a 50 gal is good for a texas when full sized . they get a bad rep for being mean , but mine is a wimp . . . lol . now tiger oscars are another story , mine is at least 13
in 20 months . a texas will max out at 12
if that . i think a 125 would work , but obviously a 180 could prevent issues and be better .
for sale is a red texas cichlid female ( unfaded ) i got her as a 2inch fish and hoped it was a male lol ! ! she recently spawned as you can see from the photos . cash on collection or paypal please . i would be prepared to swap this 5 inch female for a mature preferably green texas male . please don ' t ask me to post as it is collection only . regards .
texas cichlids change in appearance throughout their lives . younger specimens have a tan or yellowish appearance while older specimens have a darker grey / blue appearance . in all stages of development , the texas cichlid has small turquiose colored dots all over the body . it is a typical new world cichlid shape with a tall body and wide girth . the mouth is large and can eat smaller fish with ease . there are three black bars behind the spot near the center of the body . these spots tend to get darker during spawning season .
the female pearlscale cichlid has black blotch on dorsal fin and is usually longer and deeper bodied than the male .
angelfish are a species of freshwater cichlid and they are one of the most popular species of tropical aquarium fish .
elmer kr , lehtonen tk , meyer a . color assortative mating contributes to sympatric divergence of neotropical cichlid fish .
robinson , d . t . 1959 . the ichthyofauna of the lower rio grande , texas and mexico . copeia 1959 ( 3 ) : 253 - 256 .
the texas cichlid is a very deep bodied , oval shaped fish . they can reach up to about 12 inches ( 30 cm ) in length , but with females smaller than the males . this fish may live up to 15 years , though 10 years is the average .
fish information and habitats for dwarf cichlid aquariums , includes types of cichlids like the ram cichlids , kribensis and more .
chocolate cichlid . photographic evidence can also be accepted . cash on collection from my fish room in linwood , renfrewshire .
demasoni cichlid . photographic evidence can also be accepted . cash on collection from my fish room in linwood , renfrewshire .
bumblebee cichlid . photographic evidence can also be accepted . cash on collection from my fish room in linwood , renfrewshire .
henning f , meyer a . the evolutionary genomics of cichlid fishes : explosive speciation and adaptation in the postgenomic era .
recknagel h , elmer kr , meyer a . crater lake habitat predicts morphological diversity in adaptive radiations of cichlid fishes .
it is not advisable to house an adult texas cichlid in an aquarium smaller than 75 gallons because it can reach a length of 12 inches . try to mimic the natural habitat of the fish by covering the bottom of the aquarium with sand and providing lots of rocks and roots in the setup . adding live plants will make the fish feel even more at home , but avoid sensitive species because the texas cichlid is fond of burrowing near plants . an ideal setup would include rooted plants along with floating ones that dim the light and provide cover for the fish .
harrell , h . l . 1978 . response of the devil’s river ( texas ) fish community to flooding . copeia 1978 ( 1 ) : 60 - 68 .
well i can tell you vp , i originally had my 3
( at the time ) texas in with my 13 +
oscar . the oscar left him alone . i believe it was because the texas was a little too big to want to eat , yet posed no territorial threat to my oscar . my jaguar and
hubbs , c . , t . lucier , g . p . garrett , r . j . edwards , s . m . dean , e . marsh , and d . belk . 1978 . survival and abundance of introduced fishes near san antonio , texas . texas journal of science 30 ( 4 ) : 369 - 376 .
san antonio river authority biologists in texas have observed that h . cyanoguttatus will displace native centrarchidae in stressed habitats and dominate the ecosystem ( gonzales and moran , 2005 ) .
baird sf ; girard cf , 1854 . descriptions of new species of fishes collected in texas , new mexico and sonora , by mr john h clark , on the us and mexican boundary survey , and in texas by capt stewart van vliet , usa . proceedings of the academy of natural sciences of philadelphia , 7 : 24 - 29 .
team camo , after its 2009 win in the rio grande cichlid competition at the new orleans city park big bass rodeo .
setting up a new african cichlid tank ( decorating )
tank talk 9 / 10 / 13 pres . by kgtropicals
where in the world are they from ? the only naturally occuring cichlid in the usa , inhabiting the rio grande basin .
oscars are a type of cichlid and they are a very amusing species of freshwater fish to keep in the home aquarium .
formerly classified as cichlasoma cyanoguttatum , the texas cichlid now belongs to the genus herichthys . these fish are central american cichlids , native to the rio grande drainage area in both the southern u . s . and mexico . this species is the only cichlid native to the united states and though it is primarily found near texas , introduced populations now exist in florida . texas cichlids are sometimes referred to as pearl cichlids , named for the reflective , pearl - like spots covering their bodies . these fish exhibit a variety of colorations ranging from brownish gray to blue . adults of the species typically exhibit two small black spots - one at the base of the caudal fin and another near the middle of the body - and mature males develop a bump on their heads .
on a diet that consists solely of dry food is not something i can recommend , however—in my experience , a texas cichlid will stay much healthier and happier in the aquarium when provided a varied diet containing live ( or at least fresh or frozen ) foods . i prefer to use high - quality flakes and pellets as a base and supplement that with plenty of live and thawed meaty foods , such as worms and shrimps . i also include vegetables and algae - based food in the diet because even a fierce predator like the texas cichlid ingests considerable amounts of green food in the wild .
the texas cichlid has been bred in captivity and is known to hybridize with other related species . this fish is an egg layer and a pair will form a bond after a
jaw locking
contest between them . a large water change and a temperature higher than 72° f will induce spawning .
worldwide harvest of farmed tilapia has now surpassed 800 , 000 metric tons , and tilapia are second only to carps as the most widely farmed freshwater fish in the world , reveal thomas popma , from auburn university and michael masser from texas a & m university , in a new publication by the southern regional agricultural center and the texas aquaculture extension service .
robertson ms ; winemiller ko , 2003 . habitat associations of fishes in the devils river , texas . journal of freshwater ecology , 18 ( 1 ) : 115 - 127 .
the texas cichlid is definitely not a good community fish . being naturally accustom to the close quarters provided by rivers they defend their territory vehemently against all intruders . but they are very durable and tough enough to be kept with other large and similarly tempered cichlids like the red devil and the jack dempsey .
cichlasoma salvini . these are juvenile salvini cichlid , that do not display full adult colouration . with appropriate care , housing and feeding ; you can expect your salvini cichlid to develop colouration akin to the fish in the displayed photos , subject to their sex .
meyer a . phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary processes in east african cichlid fishes . trends ecol evol . 1993 ; 8 : 279–84 .
salzburger w , meyer a . the species flocks of east african cichlid fishes : recent advances in molecular phylogenetics and population genetics .
barluenga m , stölting kn , salzburger w , muschick m , meyer a . sympatric speciation in nicaraguan crater lake cichlid fish .
rüber l , verheyen e , meyer a . replicated evolution of trophic specializations in an endemic cichlid fish lineage from lake tanganyika .
recknagel h , elmer kr , meyer a . a hybrid genetic linkage map of two ecologically and morphologically divergent midas cichlid fishes (
know why it ' s called the rio grande river in texas ? maybe to hold this cichlid . honestly , for growth , moving about , alleviating aggression , this fish needs room ! pairs should not be tried in anything smaller than a hundred gallons , an individual ( by itself ) in a sixty .
first it will be texas cichlids , then all other sa / ca cichlids will follow . soon as they figure out that the other cichlids could live and thrive in local waters .
one problem that transformed cichlid taxonomy is related to dentition , which had been used as a classifying characteristic . in many cichlids , tooth shape changes with age , due to wear , and cannot be relied upon . genome sequencing and other technologies transformed cichlid taxonomy .
tropical and subtropical america . northeast mexico and southern texas , on the atlantic coast from the río conchos to the río grande basin . native texas range limited to the nueces and rio grande drainages ( hubbs et al . 1978 ) . distribution maps ( incomplete ) given by birkhead ( 1980 ) , conkel ( 1993 ) , and page and burr ( 1991 ) .
i think a 125g is more than enough for those two fish . from my experience with texas cichlids they can be rapid growers ( 1 - 12in in a year ) and can also be exceptionally slow growing ( 4 - 8in in 13months ) . from my observation the growth rate of the small texas depends mostly on the parents and the genetics of the babies .
buchanan ( 1971 ) reported that fish from indigenous populations in the rio grande valley ( south texas ) were omnivorous , whereas introduced populations from the san marcos river ( edwards plateau , central texas ) were almost exclusively herbivorous . buchanan ( 1971 ) suggested the competitive interactions between h . cyanoguttatus and a diverse assemblage on centrarchids resulted in a more diverse diet in native populations .
american cichlids . so this would mean in the wild they would never meet an oscar or any other such cichlid . this means that it may or may not tolerate or be tolerated in the aquarium . i always liked to keep my texas cichlids in a species tank because of this . just a quick warning ; d
parachromis managuensis . jaguar cichlid . photographic evidence can also be accepted . cash on collection from my fish room in linwood , renfrewshire .
as a representative of the midas cichlid species complex . midas cichlids are an excellent example of rapid adaptation and fast speciation in sympatry [
] , might also be applicable in the midas cichlid . transcriptomic and genomic data sets , including a high - quality draft genome of
kuraku s , meyer a . genomic analysis of cichlid fish ‘natural mutants’ . curr opin genet dev . 2008 ; 18 : 551–8 .
meyer a , kocher td , basasibwaki p , wilson ac . monophyletic origin of lake victoria cichlid fishes suggested by mitochondrial dna sequences .
roberts rb , ser jr , kocher td . sexual conflict resolved by invasion of a novel sex determiner in lake malawi cichlid fishes .
herichtys cyanoguttatum , naturally occurring in parts of southern texas , represents the only cichlid native to the united states . according to courtenay et al . ( 1974 ) , reports of this species at gibsonton , riverview , and ruskin in hillsborough county , florida , by buntz and chapman ( 1970 ) were based on misidentifications of jack dempsey c . octofasciatum . introduced texas populations mainly occur in larger springs and spring outflows with favorable water temperatures ( hubbs et al . 1978 ; birkhead 1980 ) . it is assumed that the minimum temperature tolerance for c . cyanoguttatum in texas is between 14 . 2 degrees celsius and 19 degrees celsius , probably closer to 14 . 2 degrees celsius ( hubbs 1951 ) .
in the best - case scenario , the male cichlid was aggressive toward the female cichlid simply because she was not ready to spawn . in cichlids , like most other tropical fish , eggs are relatively expensive and sperm is comparatively cheap – metabolically speaking . so , that means female fish generally take a little longer to get into breeding condition than male fish – simply because there’s more prep work involved . removing the male cichlid from the aquarium probably did at least two things : it allowed the female cichlid to recover by removing the physical threat , and it also eliminated any competition for food , allowing the female cichlid access to enough nutrition to potentially ripen a batch of eggs . the fact that the female cichlid is digging pits would seem to support that theory . however , it’s often not that simple .
lastly , there is absolutely no guarantee that the male cichlid will live peaceably with the female cichlid under your current conditions . other options include a larger aquarium ( limited space is almost always the reason that a subordinate tropical fish gets beaten up by one more dominant ) , add more fish to the aquarium in an effort to distract the male cichlid and enforce the pair bond , or insert a permanent divider with the male cichlid on one side and the female cichlid on the other . in some cases , once relationships have been established , it is impossible to house the freshwater aquarium fish in question together , and a permanent divider becomes the only practical solution . good luck !
hubbs c ; edwards rj ; garrett gp , 1991 . an annotated checklist of freshwater fishes of texas , with key to identification of species , 43 ( 4 ) : 1 - 56 .
astronotus ocellatus . tiger oscar cichlid . photographic evidence can also be accepted . cash on collection from my fish room in linwood , renfrewshire .
andinoacara rivulatus . green terror cichlid . photographic evidence can also be accepted . cash on collection from my fish room in linwood , renfrewshire .
) provide a promising opportunity to study the early stages of speciation and diversification . this is because members of the midas cichlid species complex (
breeding freshwater aquarium fish can be a rewarding but challenging experience . read these tips to increase your chances of raising cichlid fry to maturity .
stauffer jrj , mccrary jk , black ke . three new species of cichlid fishes ( teleostei : cichlidae ) from lake apoyo , nicaragua .
while some species of fish are difficult to breed in an aquarium environment , many types of cichlid breed readily in captivity under the right conditions . large breeds of cichlid can lay hundreds of eggs at a time but , most of the time , only a few fry survive and grow to maturity if left in the community tank . if you are serious about breeding cichlids , and if you would like to raise a majority of your fry to maturity , setting up a cichlid fry tank separate from the breeding tank is an important step . separated from other fish , your cichlid fry will have a greater chance of survival . read more to learn other valuable tips about raising cichlid fry to maturity .
the texas cichlid tends to be a messy fish and needs a strict maintenance regiment . a weekly water change of atleast 25 % is needed for this fish . when doing water changes first clean the viewing panes of algae with an algae magnet or sponge , then use a substrate vacuum to assure all waste and other contaminates are removed .
took care of all the bickering with oscar . the texas just kinda swam wherever he wanted , being ignored by these 3 large , aggressive cichlids ! lol . perhaps try to get a 4 - 5
texas from the get go . i know a place here you can get quality stock of larger fish ( it is upscale and pricey ) if you end up making it to columbus .
recknagel h , kusche h , elmer kr , meyer a . two new endemic species in the midas cichlid species complex from nicaraguan crater lakes :
stauffer jr , jr , mckaye kr . descriptions of three new species of cichlid fishes ( teleostei : cichlidae ) from lake xiloá , nicaragua .
kullander so , 1983 . a revision of the south american cichlid genus cichlasoma ( teleostei : cichlidae ) . stockholm , sweden : naturhistoriska riksmuseet .
rio grande cichlids , native to the waterways of mexico and southern texas , are popular aquarium fish because of their iridescent green and blue markings . they started showing up in the mid - ' 90s .
such a great video ! many beautiful shots of a number of large , healthy , and very vibrantly colored texas cichlids . this video really displays what these fish are all about in terms of aesthetics .
voucher specimens : florida ( uf 40190 , 56196 , 91892 , 92197 ) , illinois ( siuc 10805 , inhs 68039 ) , louisiana ( siuc 26460 ; uno 9487 ) , texas ( inhs 74255 ) .
it seems neither saviors nor native fishes are recognized in their own homelands . the texas cichlid can be found regionally on a time to time basis . . . but deserves far more attention than it gets . this is a good looking , behaviorally interesting fish that actually likes
right out of the tap
water ( sans sanitizer ) in most municipalities .
elmer kr , lehtonen tk , fan s , meyer a . crater lake colonization by neotropical cichlid fishes . evolution . 2013 ; 67 : 281–8 .
elmer kr , lehtonen tk , kautt af , harrod c , meyer a . rapid sympatric ecological differentiation of crater lake cichlid fishes within historic times .
fan s , elmer kr , meyer a . genomics of adaptation and speciation in cichlid fishes : recent advances and analyses in african and neotropical lineages .
in a phylogenetically representative set of 26 cichlid species ( 21 tanganyikan species , three species from lake malawi and two species from the lake victoria basin ) . this taxon sampling included 14 species belonging to the haplochromines and 12 species belonging to other east african cichlid tribes not featuring the egg - spot trait (
robertson , m . s . , and k . o . winemiller . 2003 . habitat associations of fishes in the devils river , texas . journal of freshwater ecology 18 ( 1 ) : 115 - 127 .
elmer kr , lehtonen tk , meyer a . color assortative mating contributes to sympatric divergence of neotropical cichlid fish . evolution . 2009 ; 63 : 2750–7 .
muschick m , barluenga m , salzburger w , meyer a . adaptive phenotypic plasticity in the midas cichlid fish pharyngeal jaw and its relevance in adaptive radiation .
seehausen o , terai y , magalhaes is , carleton kl , mrosso hdj , miyagi r , et al . speciation through sensory drive in cichlid fish .
i recently heard a rumor that it is illegal to own texas cichlids in the state if louisiana . i know we have feral populations around new orleans and lsu lakes , but is it really illegal to own them ?
underwood , h . t . , and n . o . dronen , jr . 1984 . endohelminths of fishes from the upper san marcos river , texas . the southwestern naturalist 29 ( 4 ) : 377 - 385 .
recknagel h , elmer kr , meyer a . crater lake habitat predicts morphological diversity in adaptive radiations of cichlid fishes . evolution . 2014 ; 68 : 2145–55 .
baird , s . f . and c . girard . 1854 . descriptions of new species of fishes collected in texas , new mexico , and sonora , by mr . john h . clark , on the u . s . and mexican boundary survey , and in texas by capt . stewart van vliet , u . s . a . proc . acad . nat . sci . phila . [ 1854 - 1855 ] 7 : 24 - 29 .
a texas cichlid tank should be at least 120 gallons in capacity to comfortably accommodate a single fish and give it room to move about . these fish prefer plenty of open space for swimming . because this species tends to dig in the substrate , planted tanks are not recommended . large rocks and pieces of driftwood would be the preferred way to go . any stacked rocks should be secured firmly in place with aquarium epoxy to prevent them from tumbling and cracking the glass . to provide optimum conditions for the texas cichlid , well oxygenated water with strong filtration is required . oversized filtration in the form of a large canister filter , or a combination of two , would be recommended . in addition , weekly partial water changes are a must as part of the regular aquarium maintenance regimen .


aldisa sanguinea , common name the blood-spot dorid , is a species of sea slug , a dorid nudibranch , a marine gastropod mollusk in the family cadlinidae .

aldisa sanguinea

aldisa sanguinea ( j . g . cooper , 1863 ) - blood - spot doris
re : aldisa sanguinea from british columbia from : brian k . penney , november 5 , 2005
worms - world register of marine species - aldisa sanguinea ( j . g . cooper , 1863 )
doris ( asteronotus ) sanguinea j . g . cooper , 1863 ( basionym )
ayer , s . w . ; andersen , r . j . steroidal antifeedants from the dorid nudibranch aldisa sanguinea cooperi . tetrahedron lett . 1982 , 23 , 1039–1042 .
found this aldisa sanguinea on a funny looking red sponge that i don ' t recall seeing before . certainly the spots on the back of the slug make sense in this context .
hi bill , one more for the forum . this is aldisa sanguinea . i found this animal at a depth of about 10m at north monastery beach in carmel , california . it is about 25mm long .
found this aldisa sanguinea in the sand at hopkins deep reef in monterey , calif . it was in sand at a depth of about 20 m . length was something less than an inch . this is the first time i ' ve seen this species .
dear jeff , thanks for the quick response . not trying to be tricky or anything but can you get aldisa cooperi with no black spots , and if so is there any way to distinguish it from an a . sanguinea like this externally ? best wishes , bill rudman
robilliard ga , baba k ( 1972 ) aldisa sanguinea cooperi subspec . nov . from the coast of the state of washington , with notes on its feeding and spawning habits ( nudibranchia : doridae : aldisinae ) . publ seto marine biological laboratory 19 ( 6 ) : 409–414
had a good day of branching at point lobos recently , as we found 19 different species . this is aldisa sanguinea which is relatively rare . interesting that it didn ' t appear to be on a food sponge or anywhere near one . the picture is by my friend mark lloyd .
marshall j ( 1999 ) aldisa sp . 2 . sea slug forum . australian museum sydney [ online ] . available from
pretty sure this one is aldisa sanguinea , despite the lack of spots on its back . it ' s very small - maybe 6 or 7mm . when i first saw it i figured it was rostanga pulchra but after checking the focus on my first shot i realized the rhinophores weren ' t right for rostang a .
i ' m not sure if the eggs belong to the aldisa but they do look like the egg mass in message # 15161 .
as far as the eggs are concerned , they certainly look like those of aldisa . the sponge i can ' t help you with .
robilliard , g . a . & baba k . ( 1972 ) .
aldisa sanguinea cooperi subsp . nov . from the coast of the state of washington , with notes on its feeding and spawning habits ( nudibranchia , dorididae , aldisinae )
. pub . seto marine biol . lab . , 19 ( 6 , march ) : 409 - 414 .
hi bill , found this aldisa sanguinea with an egg ribbon , and perhaps its food sponge when visiting campbell river last month ; it ' s always a great locale for interesting nudibranchs . locality : campbell river , british columbia , canada , pacific coast . depth : 40 feet . length : 20 mm . 09 october 2005 . rock wall . photographer : marli wakeling
. . . the specimens here assigned to aldisa zetlandica are confidently identified based on their external , reproductive and radular morphology and based on millen & gosliner ' s ( 1985 ) redescription of this species . aldisa zetlandica was studied in detail by millen & gosliner ( 1985 ) based on specimens from norway and iceland . . . .
rudman , w . b . , 2000 ( october 16 ) aldisa cooperi robilliard & baba , 1972 . [ in ] sea slug forum . australian museum , sydney .
sartori , a . ( 2014 ) . aldisa benguelae gosliner in millen & gosliner , 1985 . accessed through : world register of marine species at urltoken on 2014 - 05 - 10
rudman , w . b . , 2003 ( august 28 ) aldisa albatrossae elwood , valdés , & gosliner , 2000 . [ in ] sea slug forum . australian museum , sydney .
. . . cadlina is not a chromodorid d r . f . johnson teeth . the radular morphology of species of aldisa is extremely derived and difficult to compare to that of other dorid groups ( millen & gosliner 1985 ; elwood et al . 2000 ) . the taxonomic position of aldisa has been even more uncertain than that of cadlina , but they have both been linked to chromodorids based on radular morphology ( odhner 1968 ) . . . .
at bamfield i found aldisa cooperi at 10 - 12 m , but they always were yellow to cadmium orange , never to carrot orange or darker , and i always remember them having spots , though my sample size is less than ten .
. . . the specimens here assigned to aldisa zetlandica are confidently identified based on their external , reproductive and radular morphology and based on millen & gosliner ' s ( 1985 ) redescription of this species . aldisa zetlandica was studied in detail by millen & gosliner ( 1985 ) based on specimens from norway and iceland . according to these authors the known range of the species includes several localities in the north - eastern atlantic ( finland , norway , shetland islands and iceland ) . . . .
dear brian , thanks for this . it ' s certainly not too much information and i suspect confirms my suspicion that the animal in marli ' s message i am posting today [ # 15178 ] is aldisa cooperi rather than rostanga . best wishes , bill rudman
millen s . v . & gosliner t . m . ( 1985 ) . four new species of dorid nudibranchs belonging to the genus aldisa ( mollusca : opisthobranchia ) , with a revision of the genus . zoological journal of the linnean society 84 : 195 - 233
worms ( 2010 ) . aldisa erwinkoehleri perrone , 2001 . in : bouchet , p . ; gofas , s . ; rosenberg , g . ( 2010 ) world marine mollusca database . accessed through : world register of marine species at urltoken on 2012 - 02 - 29
it is usually found nestled in its food sponge anthoarcuata graciae . [ 3 ] this sponge is currently classified as a member of the genus antho , family clathriidae , but may actually belong to the family hymedesmiidae as other aldisa species specialise on sponges from this family . [ 4 ]
elwood , hillary r . , valdes , angel , gosliner , terrence m . ( 2000 ) .
two new species of aldisa bergh , 1878 ( mollusca , nudibranchia ) from the tropical indo - pacific
. proceedings of the california academy of sciences 52 ( 14 ) : 171–181 .
reference : • millen , s . v . & gosliner , t . m . 1985 . four new species of dorid nudibranchs belonging to the genus aldisa ( mollusca , opisthobranchia ) , with a revision of the genus . zoological journal of the linnean society , 84 ( 3 ) : 195 - 233 .
thanks bruce , i have included a close - up alongside to show the very characteristic dark spots found in the dirsal midline of many species of aldisa . they are usually outlined in a lighter colour and seem to be an attempt to mimic the oscula or common siphons found in many large sponge colonies . best wishes , bill rudman
cooper ' s aldisa is a small dorid nudibranch , growing to a length of 25 mm . its mantle has a yellow to orange color , with some black spots spread over it . it has a smooth body covered with sparse , low tubercles and gills clustered on the posterior part of its body . it lays its eggs in ribbons . [ 2 ]
. . . the internal anatomy of this species was described in detail by millen & gosliner ( 1985 ) and valdés ( 2002 ) , the specimens here examined match these descriptions . the radula of a 30 mm preserved length specimen was examined , it contains a number of hair - like , elongate teeth as in other species of aldisa ( figure 12a ) . . . .
. . . 2 - c ) . aldisa zetlandica fue descrita originalmente a partir de un ejemplar recolectado en un dragado profundo en las islas shetland y ha sido estudiada en detalle por thompson & brown ( 1984 ) , millen & gosliner ( 1985 ) y valdés ( 2002 , aunque ninguno de estos autores encuentra o hace referencia a las espinas del pene que cita bergh ( 1899 y 1900 ) y odhner ( 1939 ) . en general , las referencias a la especie son de ejemplares aislados , colectados en profundidades que van desde el sublitoral ( 35 m ) hasta los 1900 m , y en localidades dispersas de suecia , noruega ( odhner , 1939 ) , islandia ( lemche , 1938 ) , irlanda e islas británicas ( thompson & brown , 1984 ; picton & morrow , 1994 ) y azores ( bergh , 1899 ; odhner , 1907 ) ; existiendo algunas discrepancias cuando hay estudios anatómicos . . . .
html public
- / / w3c / / dtd html 4 . 01 transitional / / en
urltoken
north monastery beach , 10m , carmel , california , usa . approx 25mm long . photo : clinton bauder .
red with one or two dark spots in the dorsal midline which look like the oscula ( exhalant pores ) of sponges . there is sometimes traces of a light brown or cream transverse streak on each side the mantle about midway . grows to about 25mm long .
found from the intertidal to about 10m . the orange egg ribbons , form a 4 whorl spiral and a laid on their sponge food . it is reported to feed on the orange sponges ophlitaspongia pennata and hymendesmia brepha .
locality : hopkins deep reef ; monterey , 66 feet ( 20 meters ) , california , usa , monterey bay , pacific ocean , 14 march 2009 , sand channel between boulders . length : 20 mm ( approx ) . photographer : john k . yasaki .
locality : partington canyon , 10 meters , ca , usa , pacific , 21 july 2007 , rocky reef . length : 20 mm . photographer : clinton bauder .
what a perfect example of this species . bill ' s close - ups show the texture of the mantle well . note the notal tubercles are smooth , not caryophyllidic .
locality : point lobos state reserve , 17 meters , california , usa , pacific , 4 march 2007 , rocky reef . length : 6 - 7 mm . photographer : clinton bauder .
hi clinton , this is an interesting specimen . just shows us how much variation can exist within a species .
locality : point lobos state reserve , 10 meters , ca , usa , pacific , 15 april 2006 , rocky reef . length : 50mm . photographer : mark lloyd .
hi clinton , nice find and great photo . you are correct on the id . no other species on this coast has the characteristic conical gill and the two round dorsal spots . the occurence of the white saddle anterior to the gill is variable among specimens , as is the ground color which varies from deep red to your yellow orange shown here . bill ' s cropped shot ( right ) clearly shows the shape of the dorsal tubercles in this species . thanks , dave behrens
bill - i can confirm that i also saw forms like marli photographed [ message # 15161 ] in my time at bamfield ( on the west coast of vancouver island , about one degree south and west of campbell river ) . as jeff indicated in his message [ # 15173 ] , we can be sure they are not rostanga pulchra because the dorsal surface is covered with papillae rather than caryophyllidia . i also have no records of collecting rostanga that were 20 mm long ( most were 15 mm or under ) or that deep : i always saw them at 3m or less depth .
the two individuals i have in my notes that match marli ' s specimen were 11 and 12 mm respectively , and collected at scott ' s bay , barkley sound at a depth of 3 - 4m in november of 1998 . they were approximately the shade of orange in the photograph and lacked dorsal spots or depressions .
locality : scott ' s bay , barkley sound ( 48º50 ' 06
n , 125º08 ' 48
w ) . british columbia , canada . pacific ocean . depth : 3 - 4 m . length : 11 and 12 mm . 9 november 1998 . subtidal , semi - protected boulder / bedrock in kelp bed
dear bill , johanna and i saw lots of great natural behavior on last weekends dive trip out to san miguel island [ channel islands national park , california - july 2003 ] . here is one of a series of messages showing some images i took during the two day trip .
thanks clinton , there appear to be three spots on this animal but i guess the most posterior one is in fact the gill pouch opening . bill rudman
gosliner t . m . ( 1996 ) . the opisthobranchia . in : taxonomic atlas of the benthic fauna of the santa maria basin and western santa barbara channel . the mollusca part 2 – the gastropoda . santa barbara museum of natural history . volume 9 : 161 - 213 . [ details ]
turgeon , d . ; quinn , j . f . ; bogan , a . e . ; coan , e . v . ; hochberg , f . g . ; lyons , w . g . ; mikkelsen , p . m . ; neves , r . j . ; roper , c . f . e . ; rosenberg , g . ; roth , b . ; scheltema , a . ; thompson , f . g . ; vecchione , m . ; williams , j . d . ( 1998 ) . common and scientific names of aquatic invertebrates from the united states and canada : mollusks . 2nd ed . american fisheries society special publication , 26 . american fisheries society : bethesda , md ( usa ) . isbn 1 - 888569 - 01 - 8 . ix , 526 + cd - rom pp . ( look up in imis ) page ( s ) : 127 [ details ]
eol content is automatically assembled from many different content providers . as a result , from time to time you may find pages on eol that are confusing .
to request an improvement , please leave a comment on the page . thank you !
html public
- / / w3c / / dtd xhtml 1 . 0 strict / / en
urltoken
carmel pt . monterey co . , ca ; 6 feb 2009 ; 15mm total length .
carmel pt . , monterey co . , ca ; 22 dec 2007 ; 15mm total length .
carmel pt . , monterey co . , ca ; 5 mar 2008 ; 13mm total length .
carmel pt . , monterey co . , ca ; 9 apr 2008 ; 13mm total length .
carmel pt . , monterey co . , ca ; 10 apr 2008 ; 13mm total length .
carmel pt . , monterey co . , ca ; 23 nov 2007 ; ~ 15mm total length .
asilomar , monterey co . , ca ; 27 apr 2009 ; 3mm total length .
carmel pt . , monterey co . , ca ; 9 apr 2008 ; 13mm total length . close - up of rhinophore .
carmel pt . , monterey co . , ca ; 28 apr 2009 ; 13mm total length .
depth range based on 5 specimens in 1 taxon . environmental ranges depth range ( m ) : 20 - 29 graphical representation depth range ( m ) : 20 - 29 note : this information has not been validated . check this * note * . your feedback is most welcome .
depth range based on 1 specimen in 1 taxon . environmental ranges depth range ( m ) : 20 - 20 note : this information has not been validated . check this * note * . your feedback is most welcome .
depth range based on 13 specimens in 7 taxa . water temperature and chemistry ranges based on 3 samples . environmental ranges depth range ( m ) : 20 - 118 temperature range ( °c ) : 10 . 625 - 10 . 938 nitrate ( umol / l ) : 7 . 489 - 8 . 324 salinity ( pps ) : 35 . 269 - 35 . 301 oxygen ( ml / l ) : 6 . 013 - 6 . 052 phosphate ( umol / l ) : 0 . 539 - 0 . 574 silicate ( umol / l ) : 2 . 878 - 2 . 952 graphical representation depth range ( m ) : 20 - 118 temperature range ( °c ) : 10 . 625 - 10 . 938 nitrate ( umol / l ) : 7 . 489 - 8 . 324 salinity ( pps ) : 35 . 269 - 35 . 301 oxygen ( ml / l ) : 6 . 013 - 6 . 052 phosphate ( umol / l ) : 0 . 539 - 0 . 574 silicate ( umol / l ) : 2 . 878 - 2 . 952 note : this information has not been validated . check this * note * . your feedback is most welcome .
nudibranch has a wide distribution in the tropical pacific region . it has been found at depths between 3 and 72 m . , in diverse places :
is a rather small nudibranch , with a length between 1 . 1 and 2 . 2 cm . the bluish gray
at the back . this black line then encompasses the gills . there are also yellow - orange markings on the corners of the rectangle . the lamellate rhinophores have a translucent , dirty - white color . the bipinnate gills only have a few branches , and have the same dirty white color .
nakano , rie ( 2004 ) :
opisthobranchs of japan islands
304 pp . ; rutles , inc . [ in japanese ] .
ono , atsushi ( 2004 ) :
opisthobranchs of ryukyu islands
304 pp . ; rutles , inc . [ in japanese ] .
johnson r . f . ( 2011 )
breaking family ties : taxon sampling and molecular phylogeny of chromodorid nudibranchs ( mollusca , gastropoda )
. zoologica scripta 40 ( 2 ) : 137 - 157 . doi : 10 . 1111 / j . 1463 - 6409 . 2010 . 00457 . x .
valdés á . ( 2002 ) . a phylogenetic analysis and systematic revision of the cryptobranch dorids ( mollusca , nudibranchia , anthobranchia ) . zoological journal of the linnean society 136 : 535 - 636 page ( s ) : 578
cooper , james graham . 1863 . [ for 1862 ] . some new genera and species of california mollusca . proceedings of the california academy of natural sciences 2 : 202 - 207 .
with a warty skin and three brown spots , which are themselves spotted with lighter patches . the animal has eight
zsilavecz , g . 2007 . nudibranchs of the cape peninsula and false bay . isbn 0 - 620 - 38054 - 3
this demersal nudibranch is found in cold to temperate waters , from the intertidal to subtidal zones ( up to a depth of 20 m ) , along the pacific coast of north america , from california to alaska . it has also been reported from the coasts of japan and korea .
the vulnerability of this species is low to moderate , but it is not listed in the iucn red list .
gustafson , k ; andersen , r . j . ( 1985 ) .
chemical studies of british columbia nudibranchs
. tetrahedron . 41 ( 6 ) : 1101–1108 . doi : 10 . 1016 / s0040 - 4020 ( 01 ) 96478 - 6 .
baba , k . ; hamatani , i . ; hisai , k . ( 1956 ) .
observations on the spawning habits of some of the japanese opisthobranchia
. publications of the seto marine biological laboratory . 5 : 209–220 .
strathmann , m . f . ( 1987 ) . reproduction and development of marine invertebrates of the northern pacific coast , chapter 12 . university of washington press . pp . 268–302 . isbn 0 - 295 - 96523 - 1 .
this page is based on a wikipedia article written by authors ( here ) . text is available under the cc by - sa 3 . 0 license ; additional terms may apply . images , videos and audio are available under their respective licenses .
copyright © 1999 - 2018 john wiley & sons , inc . all rights reserved
enter your email address below . if your address has been previously registered , you will receive an email with instructions on how to reset your password . if you don ' t receive an email , you should register as a new user
html public
- / / w3c / / dtd html 4 . 01 transitional / / en
/ / urltoken
along the same lines as the plant communities , the marine intertidal communities found on the coasts of the olympic peninsula are also very diverse . the olympic peninsula is blessed with some of the most impressive assemblages of intertidal organisms anywhere on the pacific coast of north america . there are several locations that are great for viewing the tide pools and their species , and the images on this page show many of the critters one can find here .
the tide pools of salt creek ' s tongue point are some of the best examples of the marine intertidal communities on the west coast . zonation patterns are easy to see here .
a typical day tide - pooling at tongue point during the epic minus tides can produce species lists in excess of 50 - 60 species in a single outing ! teaching marine biology on the op is a pleasure .
on the west - end beaches , the surf is a bit more intense and the composition and distribution of the species differs from the intertidal communities in the strait of juan de fuca where there is more protection from wave action . here are some aggregating green sea anemones ( anthopleura elegantissima ) tightly situated in a crack in the sandstone on beach four .
the white or frosted nudibranch ( dirona albolineata ) commonly found in port angeles harbor .
the authors are grateful to the rufford small grant foundation for their support to conduct field trips for the collection of material . the critical point and scanning electron micrographs of the penis were carried out at the universidad autónoma de madrid with funding from the department of biology . the sem of the radulae and the molecular studies were completed at the universidad de cádiz and supported by funds of the research group “marine biology and fisheries” paidi rnm - 213 .
akaike h ( 1974 ) a new look at the statistical model identification . ieee trans autom control 19 : 716–722
altschul sf , gish w , miller w , myers ew , lipman dj ( 1990 ) basic local alignment search tool . j mol bio 215 ( 3 ) : 403–410 . doi :
ávila sp , azevedo j , gonçalves jm , fontes j and cardigos f ( 2000 ) checklist of the shallow - water marine molluscs of the azores : 2 - são miguel island . açoreana 9 : 139–173
bergh r ( 1878 ) malacologische untersuchungen . in : semper c ( ed ) reisen im archipel der philippinen , theil 2 . wissenschaftliche resultate . band 2 , theil 2 , heft 14 : 603–645 , plates 66–68
bertsch h , johnson s ( 1982 ) three new species of dorid nudibranchs ( gastropoda , opistobranchia ) from the hawaiian islands . veliger 24 ( 3 ) : 208
calado g , urgorri v ( 1999 ) additions and new data on portuguese opisthobranchs . boll malacol 35 ( 5–8 ) : 97–102
cervera jl , calado g , gavaia c , malaquias mae , templado j , ballesteros m , garcía - gómez jc , megina c ( 2006 ) an annotated and updated checklist of the opisthobranchs ( mollusca : gastropoda ) from spain and portugal ( including islands and archipelagos ) . bol inst esp oceanogr 20 ( 1–4 ) : 1–122
coleman n ( 2008 ) nudibranchs encyclopedia : catalogue of asia / indo - pacific sea slugs . neville , coleman’s underwater geographic , springwood , australia
colgan d , ponder wf , eggler pe ( 2000 ) gastropod evolutionary rates and phylogenetic relationships assessed using partial 28s rdna and histone h3 sequences . zoo scr 29 ( 1 ) : 29–63 . doi :
debelius h , kuiter rh ( 2007 ) nudibranchs of the world : 1200 nudibranchs from around the world with more than 2500 photographs . ikan - unterwasserarchiv , germany
edgar rc ( 2004 ) muscle : multiple sequence alignment with high accuracy and high throughput . nucleic acids res 32 ( 5 ) : 792–1797
folmer o , black m , hoeh w , lutz r , vrijenhoek r ( 1994 ) dna primers for amplification of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxydase subunit i from diverse metazoan invertebrates . mol mar biol biotechnol 3 : 294–299
franc a ( 1968 ) sous - classe des opisthobranches . in : grasse p ( ed ) traiti de zoologie 5 : 3 . mollusques gasteropodes et scaphopodes . masson , paris , pp 608–893
pruvot - fol , 1951 ( mollusca : gastropoda : nudibranch ) . atti congr palermo 13 - 16 : 97–110
gosliner tm , behrens dw ( 2004 ) two new species of dorid nudibranchs ( gastropoda , opisthobranchia ) from the indian ocean . proc calif acad sci 55 : 1–12
gosliner tm , behrens dw , valdés á ( 2008 ) indo - pacific nudibranchs and sea slugs : a field guide to the world’s most diverse fauna . california academy of sciences , california
gosliner tm , behrens dw , valdés á ( 2015 ) nudibranch and sea slug identification : indo - pacific . new world , jacksonville
johnson rf ( 2011 ) breaking family ties : taxon sampling and molecular phylogeny of chromodorid nudibranchs mollusca , gastropoda . zool scr 40 ( 2 ) : 137–157
johnson rf , gosliner tm ( 2012 ) traditional taxonomic groupings mask evolutionary history : a molecular phylogeny and new classification of the chromodorid nudibranchs . plos one 4 : e33479 . doi :
kearse m , moir r , wilson a , stones - havas s , cheung m , sturrock s , buxton s , cooper a , markowitz s , duran c , thierer t ( 2012 ) geneious basic : an integrated and extendable desktop software platform for the organization and analysis of sequence data . bioinformatics 28 ( 12 ) : 1647–1649 . doi :
macfarland fm ( 1905 ) a preliminary account of the dorididae of monterey bay , california . prov biol soc wash 18 : 35–54
macfarland fm ( 1906 ) opisthobranchiate mollusca from monterey bay , california , and vicinity . bull bureau fish 25 : 109–151
marcus e ( 1976 ) on kentrodoris and jorunna ( gastropoda opisthobranchia ) . bol zool univ são paulo i : 11–68
marcus e , marcus e ( 1967 ) american opisthobranch mollusks . studies in tropical marine oceanography miami 6 : 1–256
( mollusca : opisthobranchia ) , with a revision of the genus . zool j linn soc 84 ( 3 ) : 195–233 . doi :
bergh , 1878 ( mollusca : nudibranchia ) recolectada en la gomera , islas canarias . vieraea 39 : 133–138
müller j , müller k ( 2004 ) treegraph : automated drawing of complex tree figures using an extensible tree description format . mol ecol notes 4 : 786–788 . doi :
obura d ( 2012 ) the diversity and biogeography of western indian ocean reef - building corals . plos one 7 : e45013 . doi :
odhner n ( 1939 ) opisthobranchiate mollusca from the western and northern coasts of norway . det kgl norske vidensk selskabs skr 1939 ( 1 ) : 1–92
ortea ja , perez jm , llera em ( 1982 ) moluscos opistobranquios recolectados durante el plan de bentos circuncanario . doridacea : primera parte ( 1 ) . cuadernos crinas 3 : 1–48
palumbi sr , martin a , romano s , owen macmillan w , stice l , grabowski g ( 1991 ) the simple fool’s guide to pcr . department of zoology . university of hawaii , honolulu .
pruvot - fol a ( 1951 ) etude des nudibranches de la mediterranee 2 . arch zool exp gen 8 ( 2 ) : 1–80
pruvot - fol a ( 1953 ) etude de quelques opisthobranches de la côte atlantique du maroc et du senegal . trav inst sci chérifien 5 : 1–105
ronquist f , huelsenbeck jp ( 2003 ) mrbayes 3 , bayesian phylogenetic inference under mixed models . bioinformatics 19 : 1572–1574
rudman wb ( 1984 ) the chromodorididae ( opisthobranchia : mollusca ) of the indo - west pacific : a review of the genera . zool j linn soc 81 ( 2–3 ) : 115–273 . doi :
tholesson m ( 2000 ) increasing fidelity in parsimony analysis of dorid nudibranchs by differential weighting , or a tale of two genes . mol phylogenet evol 16 : 161–172 . doi :
valdés á ( 2002 ) a phylogenetic analysis and systematic revision of the cryptobranch dorids ( mollusca , nudibranchia , anthobranchia ) . zool j linn soc 136 ( 4 ) : 535–636 . doi :
wilson n , kirkendale l ( 2016 ) putting the “indo” back into the indo - pacific : resolving marine phylogeographic gaps . invertebr syst 30 ( 1 ) : 86–94 . doi :
yonow n ( 2008 ) sea slugs of the red sea . pensoft - sofia , moscow
for full functionality of researchgate it is necessary to enable javascript . here are the instructions how to enable javascript in your web browser .
my phd work explores the evolutionary relationships of two marine gastropod groups using molecular phylogenetics . i will employ a transcriptome - based exon - capture approach to generate a phylogeny a…
[ more ]
this project aims to understand how molecular homology and multiple sequence alignment effect doridina phylogenetic estimates . we will estimate molecular phylogenies of the nudibranch suborder do…
[ more ]
we anticipate that dermatobranchus represents both specialised and generalist feeders and contains greater cryptic diversity than what is previously described . this project aims to confirm whether …
[ more ]
this project investigates the role of ecology and natural selection in driving the formation of new species , a process known as ecological speciation . specifically , it examines how corals play a ro…
[ more ]
a new species of anisodoris ( opisthobranchia : mollusca ) is described . it is found in shallow , subtidal , rocky areas in southern british columbia , canada . this species is characterized by its large size , by its white or creamy ground colour with large brown blotches on the dorsum , and by the scalloped , platelike spines on its penis . its spawn and embryological and larval development are . . . [ show full abstract ]
records of cuthona pustulata ( alder & hancock , 1854 ) from the canadian pacific .
abstract . a tergipedid nudibranch found in the shallow subtidal waters of british columbia , canada , differs from all known symparic species . specimens closely resemble the descriptions of cuthona pustulata ( alder & hancock , 1854 ) previously known only from the northeastern atlantic . the morphology of this species in both the northeastern pacific and northeastern atlantic is compared . . . . [ show full abstract ]
the nudibranch genera onchidoris & diaphorodoris ( mollusca , opisthobranchia ) in the northeastern pac . . .
abstract . an anatomical review was conducted on the genus onchidoris in the northeastern pacific . comparisons were based on the published literature and specimens obtained from both the north atlantic and north pacific oceans . onchidoris muricata ( mtiller , 1776 ) occurs in both the atlantic and pacific oceans , and , o . uarians ( bergh , 1878 ) and o . hystricina ( bergh , 1878 ) are junior synonyms of . . . [ show full abstract ]
popular : trivia , history , america , television , tv , usa , geography , world , . . . more
html public
- / / ietf / / dtd html 3 . 0 / / en
html . dtd
are characteristically bright red or scarlet . light colored specimens are not rare however . we often miss this species as it usually so perfectly matches the color and texture of the sponges it feeds upon . the dorsum of some specimens have a sprinkling of dark specks , which are more obvious in lighter colored specimens like caroline and mary ellen ' s shown here .
is covered with numerous fine caryophylletic tubercles . these tubercles with spicules protruding from their tips give the dorsum a velvety texture appearance . the key to identifying
differs having normal perfoliate rhinophores and is yellow or orange with a series of black specks in a line down the dorsum .
. you will often find a small , thin tightly coiled egg ribbon on the sponge .
this species has a very wide range , occurring from alaska south to argentina and chile .
exhibit that mary ellen hill & caroline schooley assembled a few years ago has been shown several times in mendocino and fort bragg . it will be on display all summer ( weekends only ) as part of the marine science exhibit at point cabrillo lighthouse , between mendocino and fort bragg . photos of about 3 dozen species , plus a bit of text about biology & ecology
© the slug site , michael d . miller 2003 . all rights reserved .


catocala neonympha is a moth in the erebidae family .

it is found in south-western russia , ukraine , kazakhstan , eastern turkey , iraq , armenia , kurdistan , afghanistan , the altai mountains and southern siberia .

adults have been recorded on wing in august .

the larvae feed on glycyrrhiza glabra and possibly quercus species .

larvae can be found from may to july .

catocala neonympha

i ' ve attached catocala . jpg here which shows the relevant segments from pages 73 and 78 of that dictionary .
a taxon identifier is composed of name , author , year and attribute , all separated by a blank . these are all extracted from the original publication .
the name is reproduced exactly as proposed in the original publication . the name of a genus is made up of one word and species made up of two words ( genus and species ) separated by a blank .
the author ' s name is made up of a string of letters , with no blanks , and multiple authors ' names are separated by a comma . spelling of author ' s name is based on the original publication . if there are more than three authors , only the names of the first two authors are shown , followed by
, +
and the number of omitted authors .
attribute is enclosed in square brackets . this is rarely needed , but to differentiate homo - identifiers , this will contain the page , line or plate number of original publication .
all diacritic marks , hyphens , and apostrophes are eliminated , thus only the following characters are used : a to z , a to z , 0 to 9 , blank , comma , and opening and closing square brackets . although upper and lower cases are used for the convenience of human recognition , it is not case sensitive .
created by dicky sick ki yu 1997 - 2012 please send me information about errors and omissions ( contact information ) with supporting references , possibly with pdf or hard copy .
html public
- / / w3c / / dtd html 4 . 01 transitional / / en
urltoken
regions of the russian federation : the volga - don , east caucasus , gorno - altaisk , western caucasus , lower volga , prealtay , south west siberian , south ural .
[ 10 ] de jong , y . s . d . m . ( ed . ) ( 2011 ) fauna europaea version 2 . 4 ( faunaeur . org )
note : you should have a urltoken account to upload new topics and comments . please , create an account or log in to add comments
* our website is multilingual . some comments have been translated from other languages .
curators : konstantin efetov , vasiliy feoktistov , svyatoslav knyazev , evgeny komarov , stan korb , alexander zhakov .
species catalog enables to sort by characteristics such as expansion , flight time , etc . .
2011 - 01 - 26 by & van nieukerken , dr erik j . karsholt , dr ole & by & skule , mr bjarne fibiger , mr michael
this work is licensed under a creative commons attribution - share alike 3 . 0 license
pesi is funded by the european union 7th framework programme within the research infrastructures programme . contract no . ri - 223806 . activity area : capacities . period 2008 - 2011 - website hosted & developed by vliz banner picture : gannet ( morus bassanus ( linnaeus , 1758 ) ) by karl van ginderdeuren - contact pesi
website © jim wheeler 2016 - 2018 . nola - x database system © jim wheeler 2018 . - sponsored by urltoken & urltoken
some ecological peculiarities of expansion of nattflies fauna in the lowland and submountain regions of georgia ( lepidoptera , noctuidae ) e . didmanidze , v . petrov . proceedings of the institute of zoology xxiv p - p 101 - 115
tarkhnishvili d , chaladze g ( editors ) . 2013 . georgian biodiversity database . urltoken downloaded on : 9 july 2018
. in greek
kato
means below or behind and
kalos
means beautiful . hence , we have a group of moths with beautiful hind or lower wings .
was , and that ' s the tock version . of course , we ' re talking here about folks steeped in ancient greek ! the majority of the lepidopterists i know use the tock version ( but there are exceptions , including [ notably ] ron hodges ) .
this is sort of an academic question , but let ' s fuss on it nevertheless ( by the way , i make no claims to be a classicist ) . the first assumption is the root derivation , which ted sargent ( 1976 , p . 161 ) says is the greek kato + kalos , citing the webster ' s international dictionary . i have no reason to doubt ted ' s derivation of the roots . in double checking my webster ' s and o . e . d . ,
is not listed in either , but the o . e . d . pronunciation of words beginning with cato is generally the tock version ( ignoring ones claiming latin derivation from cato ) .
from here , take it to some suitably authoritative sources for greek - latin grammar and pronunciation . the woodhouse tome is online , and you can look up
beautiful
and
below
to see the spelling of the corresponding words as they are on the dictionary pages -
seems to hinge on the omicron . if we ' re going to assume ancient greek , then you can go to e . g . , the university of california ' s berkeley language center and have all of the letters spoken online to you -
the noctuidae or owlet moths ( eyes that
glow
, i . e . reflect light in the dark ) comprise the largest lepidoptera family with approximately three thousand species in north america and twenty thousand plus species worldwide .
most of the noctuidae rest with wings folded tent - like over their backs . the forewings are typically grey or brown with interesting patterns of lines , dashes , bars and spots .
) and reniform and subreniform spots are usually visible ; the bodies are usually stout and hairy . a well - developed proboscis ( feeding tube ) is usually present .
given to them by their describers from greek or latin words , sometimes with special , significant meaning associated with behaviour and / or colouration / patterning of the moth , sometimes without .
given them by the following entomologists . those with a
*
after their names have biographical entries accessed by clicking on their names .
dru drury , 1725 - 1804 , * johann c . fabricius , 1745 - 1808 , *
which reveals some clear trends in the names assigned to these beautiful moths . describers ' names , followed by a * , indicate biographical information is available . just click on the underlined name .
although this site deals with north american species , it is useful to look at trend - setting and trend - maintaining names / descriptions given to species outside of north america .
species of significance , indigenous to europe / asia , will be treated with purple text .
fulminea
refers to lightning , probably chosen for striking yellow bands on underwings . note : this name was given before linnaeus had established the trend with
species , and there was nothing unusual or trend setting in his choice , although he did chose the name of a famous wife .
in typical fashion , drury chose a greek name for the first north american species with a published description .
epione was the wife of the famous healer aesclepius ( who was killed for bringing people back to life ) . she was a healer too , but no one ever remembers that . she was the mother of hygeia , goddess of healing , as well as acecis , aegle , iaso , janiscus , machaon , panacea and podalirius .
these gentlemen described two species outside of north america , and they maintain the trend initiated by linnaeus .
is a name derived from the greek argemone , and given probably due to dull greenish grey forewings of moths of this species .
or . . . . argemone : from greek argemos ,
a white spot ( cataract ) on the eye .
from argemone based on light , greyish - white ( cataract like ) coloration of reniform and or subreniform spots on the forewing .
five years earlier he had assigned polyphemus as the species name to the great north american saturniidae moth , antheraea polyphemus .
viewig describes one european species and seems to be following the
marriage
trend .
giorna describes one species and seems to be following the
marriage
trend .
and probably honours linnaeus by continuing his trend , chosing three names having to do with
love , marriage and death
and thereby firmly establishing the interesting trend for north american species , started by linnaeus for european species . this trend continues for approximately the next one hundred years .
antinympha ( hubner , 1823 ) sweetfern underwing or wayward nymph deriving its common name from the larval foodplant or possibly from the rousting of adult moths during a walk in the woods amongst some sweetfern .
in greek tragedy , nympha was a virgin from palermo who was put to death for the faith at the beginning of the fourth century ;
anti
means against .
westwood only described one specimen and that species had previously been described by hubner .
walker described one species prior to the work of guenee and many species afterwards . he also follows the tradition started by linnaeus and followed by smith , hubner and westwood for n . a . species .
connubial comes from latin conubialis , from conubium ,
marriage , intermarriage ,
from con - ,
with , together
+ nubere ,
to veil , to marry .
if i am not fair , cepheian andromeda was pleasing to perseus , dark in the color of her native land .
valeria messalina was the third wife of the emperor claudius . in claudius ' absence she married caius silius and attempted to place him on the throne . she was killed when the plot failed .
i know that he ( erasmus ) sometimes used
muliercula
rather than
mulier
when alluding to what he saw as a kind of mental or emotional weakness in women .
i could find no meaning for
cero
= wax that makes any kind of sense regarding a literal translation . just a long shot , perhaps guenee wanted to combine ceremony and marriage . the yellow band might have suggested a ring .
edwards broke with the established
love / marriage
theme and chose slightly more descriptive terms and also named one species after walsh .
in the battle for troy , agamemnon received chryseis as a slave . when her father tried to buy her free , he was humiliated and taunted by agamemnon . apollo then sent a plague through the greek camp , which would only stop when chryseis was returned to her father . the displeased agamemnon who then claimed achilles ' slave briseis for his own love slave , which led to a fatal conflict between the two heroes .
latin : [ lamentable , wretched , deserving tears ] ; act . , [ tearful , doleful ] .
enjoyed the trend and stated that once all the amatory terms and names relating to love and marriage had been exhausted ,
the most appropriate ones [ names ] for the purpose would be those of women famous in history for their lusts or talents , or both combined . . . .
( 1874 , lepid . rhop . & het . , p . 77 )
faustina minor 2nd century empress , the daughter of antoninus pius and married to marcus aurelius .
in the bible , one of the sisters in an allegory on israel ' s idolatry .
sappho was an ancient greek poet who infused her works with intense emotions - especially love , desire , longing , and their companion , suffering .
in the bible , delilah deceives samson and betrays him but cutting off his hair , robbing him of his strength .
in the bible
nabuchodonosor , king of nineveh , sends his general holofernes to subdue the jews . the latter besieges them in bethulia , a city on the southern verge of the plain of esdrelon . achior , the ammonite , who speaks in defense of the jews , is maltreated by him and sent into the besieged city to await his punishment when holofernes shall have taken it . famine undermines the courage of the besieged and they contemplate surrender , but judith , a widow , upbraids them and says that she will deliver the city . she goes into the camp of the assyrians and captivates holofernes by her beauty , and finally takes advantage of the general ' s intoxication to cut off his head . she returns inviolate to the city with his head as a trophy , and a sally on the part of the jews results in the rout of the assyrians .
jocasta was a famed queen of thebes . jocasta had a long line of close relatives . she was the wife of lauis , mother and later wife of oedipus , mother of antigone , eteocles , polynices , and ismene , and daughter of menocenes . unfortunately , jocasta was carrying lauis ' baby who was destined to kill his father . hearing this lauis sent oedipus up to the mountains . oedipus somehow managed to survive and came back to where he was born . eventually , he accidentally killed his father and married his mother ( jocasta ) . when jocasta realized this , she hung herself ; thus becoming one more victim of the curse that rested upon the family of the labdacids .
when agrippa , the brother of herodias became king , she persuaded antipas to go to rome in search of the royal title , as his claim to it was far greater than that of her brother . instead of a crown , however , he found awaiting him a charge of treason against the romans , with agrippa as chief accuser , who in advance had sent messengers to defeat the ambitious plans of antipas . he was therefore banished to lyons in gaul . at the same time herodias , spurning the kind offers of the emperor , preferred exile with antipas to a life of splendour in the palace of her brother agrippa . ( jos . , ant . , xviii , vii ) . this generosity , if we may so style it , came from her hasmonean blood , but her cruelty she inherited from her grandfather herod .
from
ulalume
, a poem by edgar allen poe , setting : october and the burial vault of a lost love , ulalume .
baba yaga is a recurring figure in russian folklore . probably derived from the hag , the third member of the three - part goddess ( virgin , mother , and hag ) , baba yaga is not good , but is not entirely evil ; she does eat people and decorate her fence with their skulls , but she is known to help people that serve her . she also orders the cycles of nature . she is often called baba yaga
the bony - legged .
greek name
helen
which means
torch
or
light .
an actor as well as an entomologist , chose names of female characters from william shakespeare ' s plays to go with his descriptions of many species , subspecies and forms .
who appears only once ( iii . v ) in the play and does not speak ; sometimes referred to as a typical nonentity .
arizonae ( strand , 1914 ) , preocc . by grt . , 1873 for
chose feminine names for the most part , but also chose to honour reiff and hiser .
in honour of o . f . hiser and / or j . s . hiser
dr . franclemont described four melanic forms , honouring his mother and three gentlemen .
brower honoured men ( benjamin , mcdunnough , erich and bridwell ) , noted geography / range ( california , texas and arkansas ) and possibly commemorated presidents : lincoln and johnson who served sequentially .
it is clear that linnaeus started a trend around the love , marriage theme and many other describers picked up and followed this thread . when most of the terms seemed to be exhausted , strecker selected names of famous women and henry edwards chose female shakespearean characters .
a few describers honoured other entomologists or friends and even fewer , it seems , chose species names of any real descriptive value .
words dealing with death and sadness were often chosen as names for those species with black underwings .
species , it may be in the few names given to honour wives of the namers .
if anyone knows the names of the wives of the latter entomologists , the information would be greatly appreciated . i am also looking for biographical information about any of the describers and will provide links below .
html public
- / / w3c / / dtd xhtml 1 . 0 transitional / / en
urltoken
notwithstanding any other provision of this or any other wildlife order , or chapters 1531 . and 1533 . of the revised code , the following native species and subspecies of wild animals shall be designated as endangered in accordance with section
it shall be lawful for any person to collect , through approved sampling methods , and possess in a personal collection the following wild animals . it shall be unlawful to sell , barter , trade , or offer for sale any wild animal , or parts there of , listed in this paragraph :
( c ) it shall be unlawful for any person to take , transport , sell , offer for sale or possess any of the native endangered species of wild animals , applying to endangered wild animals that are either resident within or migrate into or through ohio , or hides or parts thereof listed in this rule or any other wildlife order without first obtaining a written permit from the wildlife chief , except as provided in paragraphs ( b ) and ( f ) of this rule . provided further , it shall be unlawful to trespass in areas posted with signs stating
endangered species nesting area , trespassing unlawful .
( 7 ) assurance that a final or annual report will be filed with the division of wildlife , containing a clear statement on the final disposition of each individual of each endangered species collected , along with a copy of any reports or publications derived from the study of these animals .
( e ) persons failing to provide full information required in paragraph ( c ) of this rule to the satisfaction of the wildlife chief shall be denied a permit . further , failure to fill the requirements at the conclusion of the project shall be reason for the chief to not issue future permits to the person failing to comply .
( f ) persons legally obtaining any of the endangered species listed in this rule from outside the state may possess and propagate said animals in accordance with section 1533 . 71 of the revised code . furthermore , hides of bobcats and river otters may be bought or sold with proof of purchasing a non - resident license or some other proof that the animal was acquired legally , and conforms to current united states fish and wildlife service rules and regulations .
( g ) all definitions set forth in section 1531 . 01 of the revised code shall apply to this rule .
effective : 1 / 1 / 2018 five year review ( fyr ) dates : 8 / 21 / 2017 and 10 / 27 / 2022 promulgated under : 119 . 03 statutory authority : 1531 . 25 , 1531 . 08 rule amplifies : 1531 . 08 , 1531 . 25 prior effective dates : 5 - 1 - 76 ; 6 - 1 - 78 ; 6 - 1 - 79 ; 7 - 11 - 80 ; 6 - 1 - 85 ; 4 - 20 - 87 ; 6 - 25 - 90 ; 10 - 20 - 91 ; 5 - 11 - 92 ; 10 - 31 - 92 ; 6 - 7 - 93 ; 5 - 16 - 94 ; 8 - 10 - 96 ; 11 - 1 - 97 ; 6 - 1 - 99 ; 5 - 3 - 00 ; 7 - 19 - 02 ; 6 - 4 - 03 , 7 / 1 / 07 , 7 / 1 / 08 , 7 / 1 / 2010 , 07 / 01 / 2012 , 7 / 1 / 2014 , 7 / 1 / 17
notwithstanding any other provision of this or any other wildlife order , or chapters 1531 . and 1533 . of the revised code , the following native species and subspecies of the wild animals shall be designated as threatened .
effective : 7 / 1 / 2017 five year review ( fyr ) dates : 02 / 10 / 2017 and 04 / 18 / 2022 promulgated under : 119 . 03 statutory authority : 1531 . 06 , 1531 . 08 rule amplifies : 1531 . 06 , 1531 . 08 , 1531 . 201 prior effective dates : 7 / 1 / 08 , 7 / 1 / 10 , 7 / 1 / 11 , 7 / 1 / 12 , 7 / 1 / 14 , 7 / 1 / 15 , 11 / 9 / 2015
we study the application of ecological principles to the conservation of biodiversity , from individual rare animals to all species living within a community and we are focused on strategies like use of habitat corridors that are intended to overcome the negative effects of habitat loss and fragmentation . learn more about our current lab members and collaborators .
former graduate student erica henry receives an nsf grant to study the effects of hurricane irma’s eyewall crashing into the remaining habitat of two endangered butterflies .
congratulations to dr . @ ericahenry on her successful phd defense and excellent talk “ disturbance and conservation of at - risk butterflies . ”
nick shares his story “ resurrection and resilience of the rarest butterflies ” as a perspective in plos biology’s conservation stories from the front lines collection .
nick has accepted a new kbs faculty position as senior terrestrial ecologist and is moving his lab to michigan state ! read the announcement .
zoology ph . d . student elsita kiekebusch in the nick haddad lab is featured in the nc state cals magazine spring 2017 issue . elsita discusses the impacts of climate change on the development and life cycles of butterflies in this video .