lavinia fontana ( foaled 12 april 1989 ) was an irish-bred thoroughbred racehorse and broodmare .

she was a durable sprinter who raced in five countries and won nine of her 36 races between april 1991 and november 1995 .

competing mainly in minor races early in her career she won once in 1991 and three times in the following year .

she was moved up in class as four-year-old and recorded major victories in both the prix du petit couvert in france and the premio umbria in italy .

in the following year she showed her best form in autumn , producing a career-best performance to take the haydock sprint cup in england and winning the premio chiusura in italy .

she was less successful as a six-year-old , but did add a second win in the premio chiusura before being retired from racing .

as a broodmare she produced two minor winners from six foals .

lavinia fontana ( horse )

you are searching for horse with rodrigo fontana in their name for the flat turf . if any matching horses are found click the desired name in the box below to load up their horse stats .
john dunlop’s lavinia fontana beat nunthorpe winner piccolo and the july cup winner owington in 1994 and a year later the progressive french filly cherokee rose made it consecutive wins for the female sprinters .
runnett’s win proved the first of a record four successes for trainer john dunlop , who also won with habibti ( 1983 ) , lavinia fontana ( 1994 ) and invincible spirit ( 2002 ) .
lavinia fontana , italian painter of the mannerist school and one of the most important portraitists in bologna during the late 16th century . she was one of the first women to execute large , publicly commissioned…
owington was sent to france in august for the prix maurice de gheest over 1300 metres at deauville racecourse . he started second favourite but finished fifth behind dolphin street , catrail , lavinia fontana and unblest , beaten less than two lengths by the winner . in the haydock sprint cup on 3 september , he started 15 / 8 favourite but appeared outpaced in the closing stages and finished third behind lavinia fontana and piccolo .
the oldcastle pastoral co ' s welsh b filly ' derlwyn lavinia ' ( s . derlwyn lachlan d . rahane claudia )
“seb ( sanders ) said that he had to chivy the horse along halfway because they went so fast . he’s a quick horse but just needs winding up .
lavinia db / rc 67310 10 hours 8 minutes by ursula k . le guin read by jill fox ancient italy . king latinus’s daughter lavinia , from virgil’s the aeneid ( rc 64204 ) , is pressured to marry turnus despite prophecies that she will wed a foreigner and cause a war . when trojan ships arrive bearing hero aeneas , lavinia discovers true love—and her destiny . some violence and some descriptions of sex . 2008 .
john dunlop scored with lavinia fontana ( 1995 ) and invincible spirit ( 2002 ) , yorkshireman tim easterby triumphed with pipalong ( 2000 ) and somnus ( 2003 ) , while roger charlton has also enjoyed a brace of victories with tamarisk ( 1998 ) and tante rose ( 2004 ) .
he added :
it was a great training performance and the horse has certainly got true class .
generated report when you are ready to view the full stats for the horse just click the generate report button . the report should open in a new window and show you comprehensive information about the horse .
“i assume epsom is the plan and i think he’ll get a mile and a half , he’s a very laid - back horse , the type of horse you need to go on to big things . ”
lavinia fontana ( ire ) ch . f , 1989 { 7 - e } dp = 8 - 4 - 16 - 0 - 2 ( 30 ) di = 2 . 00 cd = 0 . 53 - 36 starts , 9 wins , 7 places , 3 shows career earnings : £345 , 130 in ire / fr / gb / ity / ger
piccolo reappeared in the haydock sprint cup on 3 september and finished second to the mare lavinia fontana with owington in third . he was then sent to france and finished unplaced behind lochsong in the prix de l ' abbaye before ending his season in the challenge stakes over seven furlongs at newmarket on 13 october when he finished sixth of the eight runners behind zieten .
quick overview report once a horse has been selected you will see a quick overview of their stats such as : .
he had told an audience at york earlier in the week that the four - year - old would be a horse to follow this season and he advised the racecourse photographers to “take plenty of pictures of him , he is a very good horse .
basics this page is used for generating horse stats . you can search for a horse and see a comprehensive report showing all the their stats . this page is configurable such that you can filter the report for specific types of races , distances , going etc .
a delighted quinn commented afterwards :
he ' s a classy horse and his turn of foot sets him apart against these stayers .
“she and mark have worked really hard with this horse and it is all to their credit that he has come back to win . ”
expected wins : the number of wins the horse should have had based on the odds of all their runners . total earnings : the win and place prize money earned earnings per start : the earnings divided by the runs - this can be used as a class indicator avg win sp : the average odds of all the horse ' s winners avg all sp : the average odds of all the horse ' s runners
last 50 runs / 28 days provides basic stats and form figures for the last 50 runs and the last 28 days for the horse .
“whenever you win a group 1 it’s a great day and this is a very special day . he’s a lovely horse - he’s unbeaten and a high - class miler . he doesn’t show an awful lot at home but he’s a beautifully - balanced horse out of a very good mare . ”
carnival dancer belongs to the cheveley park stud whose chris richardson explained that the horse had a disappointing campaign last year “because he never really got his ground .
full stats report this is a big report which displays everything you need to know about a horse . the report opens up in a new window and contains lots of stats for the horse split into specific categories ( such as time of year , type of race , position in betting and much more ) .
flying filly habibti , trained by john dunlop and ridden by willie carson , was another impressive winner in 1983 - also being named as horse of the year .
he ' s a typical top class horse and seems to handle any ground . he ' s tough and genuine and is very well going into the race .
this particular painting is not so much creepy as it is bizarre . it seems almost like a strange joke played by artist lavinia fontana on an unsuspecting portrait model . it is a real portrait of a real girl , however . antonietta gonzalez was the daughter of petrus gonzales , and both ( as well as antonietta ' s siblings ) suffered from hypertrichosis , commonly known as “werewolf syndrome . ” happily , instead of being ostracized , they were all welcomed into the court of king henry ii of france , highly educated , and well - respected .
moorestyle in 1980 was another outstanding sprint cup winner - subsequently being crowned horse of the year - the first sprinter to achieve this accolade since the award was inaugurated in 1965 .
it ' s hard for three - year - olds taking on the older horses earlier on in the season , but he ' s a very good horse and is improving .
“it is a great tribute to the old horse that he is still so genuine and enthusiastic at the age of eight and this was a real pleasure . he is quite amazing . ”
full report form you can either click generate report straight away to see all the stats for your selected horse or you can filter the report by changing some of the options on the form .
total unique winners is a figure which indicates how many of those individual horses won at least one race . if 5 of those 10 horses won a race then the figure is 5 ( 50 % ) which means that half of the horse ' s horse won a race . the total unique won a £10k + race is similar but that it counts those horses that won a more valuable race .
viola davis , american actress known for her precise , controlled performances and her regal presence . davis was raised in central falls , rhode island , where her father found work as a horse groom at nearby…
stoute also had thoughts about distinction’s flop in the yorkshire cup , saying “he really is a top of the ground horse and the rain earlier in the afternoon made it far too soft for him . ”
dermot weld , refuse to bend’s trainer , commented : “he is a very well named horse . he ran a super race and got a great ride from pat smullen - he did it like a professional racehorse .
when the eight - year - old , who is still a full horse , won the lonsdale stakes at york last month , quinn held him up at the back of the field until he pounced for victory close home .
sadly be friendly’s bid to land a hat - trick of wins in the race was thwarted by fog which meant the race failed to take place in 1968 . however he remains the only horse to win the sprint cup twice .
* the first horse to complete the 2000 guineas / epsom derby double was smolensko , owned by sir charles bunbury , in 1813 . since then a further 33 horses have completed this double , the most recent being nashwan in 1989 .
summary : this displays a quick overview of the horse ' s stats . you can view basic infom such as wins , runs and strike rate , as well as the more important expected wins , a / e , and profits .
“this time i told him to be even more patient , as there was another quarter of a mile to go , and he rode an absolutely brilliant race , ” said millenary’s trainer john dunlop , visibly moved by the old horse’s display .
roman warrior earned his place at stud ( he only finished covering mares in 1996 ) as did those he narrowly beat at ayr , import and lochnager . the roman warrior shield maiden stakes is run at ayr to honour the great horse .
“steve ( carson ) said that because they went no pace he had to make more use of the horse than we would have liked to , but he has really run a great race and i think he can come on a bit from this .
“he really is a tough horse with lots of guts and i expect now he will run in the challenge stakes at newmarket on champions day , although he does want fast ground and if we have a wet spell he might have to miss it .
“when you have a good horse like refuse to bend , you have to capitalise on it . i am so pleased for walter haefner , such a loyal owner . he is a wonderful man to train for - he has been 25 years with me .
“i have always liked this horse and i don’t know why people did not fancy him more . he had done nothing wrong in his earlier races and the form of his newbury race is working out quite well , ” said the winner’s trainer amanda perrett .
“it was very important that the rain came - there is no doubt that the horse needs a little bit of juice in the ground . thank god we got it . my father hasn’t been feeling very well but hopefully this will give a great boost . ”
“it is frustrating to get so close without managing to win , ” he said . “i am not disappointed with the horse , he has run a really great race , and this is not the time to start making decisions about where he will go next .
“but there was clearly going to be no pace on , so pat ( eddery ) very much did the right thing by making the running ( after a couple of furlongs ) . there was no point in trying to hold the horse up and fighting him .
i had a look to see how kieren ( fallon , rider of distinction ) was going about three out as he was the obvious form horse but when i saw he wasn ' t going that well i then looked at sergeant cecil and followed him .
filtering is good for homing in on specific stats . if you want to examine a horse ' s stats in just handicap races , at certain courses , or at a particular time of the year then you can filter the report to show only that information .
detailed stats : this is the main part of the report which gives a break down of individual groups such as the record of the horse over the past 10 years , during different seasons , in different types of races , with different prices and much more .
“but he was beaten by a really good horse and he is such a good yardstick and so consistent that i am delighted with that . he should have won two group races last year , but he didn’t , and that was his first run since the abbaye .
e . g . if you want to find out how well a particular horse does when the going is heavy in april , over distances of exactly 12f in field sizes of exactly 5 runners then the results returned could be low and thus no meaningful report will be generated .
owington remained in training as a four - year - old in 1995 . he failed to win in five races but ran consistently against top - class opposition . in the spring he finished third to the three - year - old mind games in both the palace house stakes and the temple stakes carrying weights of 132 pounds and 136 pounds respectively . in july he attempted to repeat his 1994 success in the july cup and finished fourth behind lake coniston , piccolo and hoh magic . [ 13 ] at haydock park in september he finished third to the french - trained cherokee rose in the sprint cup , ahead of lake coniston , mind games and lavinia fontana . on his final appearance he was sent to the united states to contest the breeders ' cup sprint at belmont park on 28 october . ridden by frankie dettori he finished seventh behind desert stormer , ahead of the other british challengers hever golf rose and lake coniston .
i offered this colt to tom clarke ( owner of blue kite ) , but he said that he had enough horses . then when ray ( salter , the winner ' s owner ) rang me up soon afterwards i told him about this horse and he said immediately he would have him .
“he was very much the forgotten horse of the race , but there were reasons for his disappointing runs at the end of last year - the racing post trophy was run in a bog - and it was not inconceivable that he could run a big race , which is precisely what he has done . ”
pat smullen , the winning rider who was having his first sagitta 2000 guineas success , said : “that was absolutely brilliant - we have always held this horse in high regard . he is a very exciting colt . it was a little bit of a hard call whether to keep the derby route or come here .
cat in a sapphire slipper : a midnight louie mystery db / rc 68828 12 hours 16 minutes by carole nelson douglas read by j . p . linton las vegas . public relations ace temple barr’s romance novelist aunt becomes engaged to rumored ex - mobster aldo fontana . bachelor - party attendees end up at the sapphire slipper brothel , where temple’s radio - talk - show - host fiancé , former priest matt devine , finds the body of a murdered prostitute . luckily feline sleuth midnight louie has tagged along . 2008 .
trained adjacent to ayr racecourse by nigel angus and described by timeform as ‘a colossus of a horse with a heart to match ' , roman warrior set a weight - carrying record when getting up by a short head under 10st . six days later , he dead - heated with swingtime for the diadem stakes at ascot .
from its outset , the vernons’ sprint cup attracted top class racehorses and the first winner became the most successful horse in the race’s history to date : be friendly . owned by sir peter o’sullevan , the voice of racing , be friendly was called home by his always professional owner who showed no signs of partiality in his commentary .
e . g . to search for the horse sea the stars enter all or part of the name . the more characters you enter the better will be the database match . enter just
sea
and the database will show all horses with sea in the name such as arabian sea , arisea , bon sea breeze etc .
also included are the record of favourites , some clues as to the likely age of the winning horse and the weight it will carry while the most - successful trainers and jockeys are also highlighted . a history of the ladbroke ( ayr ) gold cup is included in this pack along with a complete list of winners from 1946 onwards .
attractions on offer throughout the day include the roving dixie band , who will be playing at various locations around the racecourse . carriage rides in a traditional horse - drawn carriage will be available , providing a unique shuttle service around the racecourse . for the younger racegoers , there will be a kiddies funfair , situated at the end of the carrick stand .
“he may not be a group 1 horse yet , but i think he may be getting there slowly . i don’t think you will see him over six furlongs again , and though seven , which seems his ideal trip at the moment , is a bit of a difficult distance , the programme for it is much better now than it used to be .
searching enter all or part of the name and press the search button . if there are any matches with horses in the database then they will be listed and you can choose the name you are looking for . once you have selected one horse from the list ( or your search returned a single , exact match then that name will be ' loaded ' .
total individual runners is the number of individual horses which ran for the horseif a horse had 10 horses then those 10 horses may have run many times each . the total number of runs would be the total number of times those 10 horses ran ( if they all ran 20 times then the total runs is 200 ) whilst the total individual runners figure is 10 .
to start with air marshall was the only horse we laid and he was in to 4 - 1 the following day . at the beginning of the next week there was a bit of money for melikah , who came in to 7 - 1 , and when it was announced later that week that she would not be running , the other leading fancies were all shortened a bit .
amanda painting - ragg is a well - known and successful competitor , especially at the sydney royal easter show . she was a quiet achiever at the all welsh with her 19 year - old glenmore design , who was declared champion preliminary and reserve champion novice dressage horse and best dressage horse overall . that was impressive enough for the part bred by coed coch derwas ( imp ) out of kobyborn kadidja , but that was not all . design also took out the reserve champion part bred in harness award and had there been a sidesaddle class , he probably would have won that as well . amanda has had much success in the show ring , but her delight at taking out the victorian committee performance award with the good mover was clearly evident . the victorian all welsh is after all a prestigious show .
i was quite pleased that he did not make the cut for the a leg of the race ,
said littmoden ,
but i am sure he is a good horse and we will look for a listed race for him , i have nothing special in mind for him ; with my two - year - olds having been under the weather it has not really been possible to make any plans .
but it is as one of the true pioneers in sending horses overseas that weld is best known . in 1990 , go and go became the first horse trained outside of north america to win a leg of the american triple crown when he was triumphant in the belmont stakes . in 2001 , pine dance took the american derby at arlington while last season dress to thrill won the grade one matriarch stakes at hollywood park .
the perfect distance db 68676 7 hours 53 minutes by kim ablon whitney read by margaret strom seventeen - year - old mexican american francie martinez , the daughter of a barn manager at a horse - training facility , longs to become a professional rider even though her father urges her to go to college . francie works as a groom and practices riding while dealing with prejudice . for junior and senior high readers . 2005 .
the sprint cup was switched from the final day of the season to the first saturday in september in 1979 when double form , trained by fulke johnson houghton , was successful . double form became the first horse to win three of europe ' s premier sprints - the king ' s stand stakes at ascot , the prix de l ' abbaye at longchamp , france , and the sprint cup - all in the same season .
the god of animals db / rc 67017 11 hours 9 minutes by aryn kyle read by mare trevathan colorado . when her older sister elopes , sixth - grader alice winston helps care for her mother , who is bedridden by depression , and assists her father in running the family’s struggling horse farm . strong language , some violence , and some descriptions of sex . for senior high and older readers . alex award . 2007 .
the dancer and the thief db / rc 67448 8 hours 7 minutes by antonio skármeta read by mark ashby chile . released from prison , young horse thief ángel santiago seeks out reformed bank robber vergara gray , who reluctantly helps him plan a daring heist . a beautiful dancer and an assassin complicate matters . translated from spanish by katherine silver . some violence , some explicit descriptions of sex , and some strong language . 2003 .
star bright : the harrigan family , book 2 db / rc 68775 12 hours 39 minutes by catherine anderson read by martha harmon pardee crystal falls , oregon . after escaping from her abusive husband peter , rainie danning works as a bookkeeper on parker harrigan’s horse ranch . parker falls in love with rainie and learns about her past—but peter tracks down rainie for revenge . some strong language and some explicit descriptions of sex . 2009 .
the best of michael swanwick db 68491 17 hours 29 minutes by michael swanwick read by steven carpenter twenty - one fantasy and science fiction tales from 1980 through 2008 by a hugo and nebula winner . in “the feast of saint janis” people worship janis joplin . includes “trojan horse , ” “triceratops summer , ” and a story featuring conmen darger and surplus . some violence , some strong language , and some descriptions of sex . 2008 .
judas horse : an ana grey mystery db / rc 67619 14 hours 0 minutes by april smith read by alice rosengard fbi agent ana grey , last seen in good morning , killer ( rc 56612 ) , goes undercover to infiltrate the anarchist group responsible for the death of her mentor steve crawford . ana discovers a former fbi official belongs to the ecoterrorist gang . violence , strong language , and some descriptions of sex . 2008 .
foundation : the collegium chronicles , volume 1 db / rc 68175 11 hours 7 minutes by mercedes lackey read by l . j . ganser orphan mags escapes a life of slavery in the gem mines when he is chosen to be trained as a herald of valdemar . mags and his magical companion horse dallen travel to haven , where mags witnesses the founding of a new collegium , discovers latent talents , and uncovers a conspiracy . 2008 .
nunthorpe stakes winner reverence , owned by haydock park director gary middlebrook and his wife lesley , will be attempting to become the third horse to complete the nunthorpe stakes / betfred sprint cup double in the same season following on from habibti ( 1983 ) , ajdal ( 1987 ) and dayjur ( 1990 ) . in more recent years , both oasis dream ( 2003 ) and la cucaracha ( 2005 ) finished second at haydock park following their york success .
“it’s been a long time coming , ” said the winner’s trainer william haggas as he explained the trail of misfortune which has dogged the horse . “he chipped a bone in a knee when he ran in the gimcrack , and though we got a temporary fix for him to win the cornwallis , he just lost his form last year and i thought when i looked at him in the paddock before the king’s stand that he just looked like a little boy .
class b ( showcase handicap ) saturday , september 16 , 2000 , total prize fund £100 , 000 , for three - year - olds and upwards , six furlongs . lowest weight 7st 10lb . highest weight not less than 9st 10lb . any horse rated above 110 shall initially be treated as having that rating and the highest weight allocated shall be 9st 10lb . subsequently , the excess over 110 in any rating shall be added to the weight allotted to that horse without limitation to the highest weight to be carried . penalties : after august 20 , a winner of a race value £4 , 000 3lb , of two such races , or of one value £6 , 000 5lb , of three such races , or of one value £10 , 000 7lb . entries closed august 16 , entries and weights announced august 23 ( 171 entries ) , forfeit stage august 29 ( 154 entries remain ) . ( form correct up to wednessday , september 6 , 2000 ) .
i ' m not sure whether the 30th victorian all welsh is the 2005 or 2006 show ? however , given the fact that two of the days were in the new year we would punt for the latter . if anyone needed any convincing regarding the dedication and enthusiasm of the welsh pony and cob fancier , then they need go no further than the 30th victorian all welsh . despite the tatura temperature reaching 47c ( 110f in the shade at least ) the show went on , with both exhibitors and exhibits maintaining their famous good humour throughout . interestingly , exhibitors from scone in nsw came to tatura
to escape the heat
. much use was made of the ample shade and the excellent horse facilities , with ponies and people getting a regular dousing in the horse wash and committee members and helpers taking turns dispensing water to riders and handlers . the fact too that the tatura swimming pool was literally across the road played a big factor in the good humour stakes . the pool was used so much that it broke ! quite how this can happen is a mystery , but the announcement mentioned something about broken pipes ; overloaded perhaps ?
dowsing had been owned by prince khalid abdullah , trained by jeremy tree and ridden by pat eddery . that same combination made it back to back wins in 1989 with the outstanding danehill . the son of danzig had finished third to the great nashwan in the 2 , 000 guineas and later landed the cork and orrery stakes at royal ascot before finishing third to cadeaux genereux in the july cup . at haydock park danehill was back to his very best , running out a comfortable 2 length winner from the french horse cricket ball , before embarking on a hugely successful stallion career .
double form landed the temple stakes , king’s stand stakes and prix de l’abbaye de longchamp ( becoming the first horse to win both of the last two mentioned races ) during a sparkling 1979 . his victory in the vernon’s sprint cup was the final ride of a memorable career for geoff lewis , forever indelibly linked with mill reef . lewis postponed his retirement in order to take the ride and duly won on double form , who sadly had a very short life after making a really promising start to his life as a stallion , siring dewhurst stakes winner huntingdale and top class sprinter double schwartz .
piccolo is a bay horse with a white stripe and three white coronet marks bred by the 18th earl of derby ' s stanley estate . he was one of the first crop of foals sired by warning , the top - rated european racehorse of 1988 who stood as a breeding stallion in europe before being exported to japan . the best of his other progeny included diktat ( prix maurice de gheest , haydock sprint cup ) , charnwood forest ( queen anne stakes ) and annus mirabilis ( dubai duty free ) . warning was a male - line descendant of the godolphin arabian , unlike more than 95 % of modern thoroughbreds , who trace their ancestry to the darley arabian .
owington was a bay horse with no white markings bred by the 18th earl of derby ' s stanley estate . he was sired by green desert who finished second to dancing brave in the 2000 guineas and won the july cup in 1986 . he sired the winners of over 1 , 000 races , including oasis dream , desert prince , sheikh albadou and cape cross . [ 3 ] owington ' s dam , old domesday book won one race at chester racecourse from eight starts and was rated 93 by timeform in 1986 . [ 4 ] she was a great - granddaughter of samanda , an influential broodmare whose descendants have included ouija board , teleprompter and ibn bey . [ 5 ]
bigstone ( foaled february 8 , 1990 ) was an irish - bred , french - trained thoroughbred racehorse and sire . as a three - year - old he became the only french - trained horse to win both of britain ' s most important all - aged mile races , the sussex stakes and the queen elizabeth ii stakes . unraced as a two - year - old , bigstone raced fourteen times , winning five times in a racing career which lasted from march 1993 until november 1994 . after his successes in england in 1993 he added two more group one races in france as a four - year - old , winning the prix d ' ispahan and the prix de la foret . he was then retired to stud where he had mixed success as a sire of winners .
this painting depicts queen bianca bouncing her son haakon on her knee , while singing to him at the same time . although i really like this darling subject matter , i’m also drawn to this painting because there is a swedish children’s song , “rida , rida , ranka” ( “rider , rider , rocker” ) , which is connected to the subject matter of this painting . ( do you know of other songs which have served as direct inspiration for the subject matter of a work of art ? please comment below ! ) the song discusses a “little knight” and rider ( the young prince ) , who is riding the “horse” bianca . the song continues by discussing the joy that the boy will one day find through marriage . this song references the marriage that bianca helped to arrange between haakon and princess margareta of denmark , a marriage which resulted in the union of denmark and sweden between 1397 and 1453 . 2
red clubs had been a good juvenile who had finished second in the middle park stakes of 2005 . at three he had won the greenham stakes but failed to stay in the 2 , 000 guineas or jersey stakes and after finishing well behind reverence in the haydock sprint cup , had won the diadem stakes at ascot . as a four year old red clubs ran much more consistently without quite getting his head in front in races like the july cup and nunthorpe . at haydock park , barry hills’s colt faced some formidable rivals including july cup winner sakhee’s secret , somnus was back , asset was in there as was old rival amadeus wolf and the progressive french horse marchand d’or . it was the latter who gave red clubs the hardest race , but the gutsy four year old got his head in front inside the final furlong and ran on to win by ¾ of a length . in a tragically short stud career , red clubs sired 1 , 000 guineas winner sky lantern .
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albert edelfelt , “the luxembourg gardens , paris , ” 1887 . image courtesy wikipedia .
over the past couple of days i have been obsessing over paintings by the swedish - speaking finnish artist albert edelfelt . i am drawn to several of his portraits and outdoor scenes , such as
however , i was surprised to learn recently , given the more avant - garde tendencies of edelfelt’s art , that the artist studied under the academic painter jean - léon gerome . it wasn’t until i did a little bit more research that i discovered that edelfelt originally wanted to establish himself as a history painter ! he started painting in this traditional vein by drawing inspiration from historical subjects that were written by the finnish historical novelist zacharias topelius . edelfelt’s first history painting , queen bianca ( also called queen blanca , 1887 , see below ) , was accepted into the paris 1877 salon . although the medieval queen bianca was swedish , this canvas is considered first major history painting to depict a finnish historical subject , since finland once belonged to sweden . 1
albert edelfelt , “queen bianca” ( also appears as “queen blanca” ) , 1877 . image courtesy wikipedia .
i love the interaction between the mother and boy in this image , and i love the healthy curves of the boy’s childish body . edelfelt has quite sensitive and loving depictions of children and women in many of his paintings ( which no doubt aided in the success of this particular painting in the 1877 salon ) . the artist didn’t become a father himself until more than ten years after queen bianca was painted ; his son erik was born in november of 1888 , and was depicted the following year in the artist’s son erik in his pram ) .
was created by edelfelt the following year , in 1878 . for discussion of this painting , see natasha bulatovig trygg , “cutting through the legible – study of painting duke karl insulting the corpse of klaus fleming by albert edelfelt , 1878 , ” available online
2 google art project , “queen bianca , 1877 . ” available online here .
pieter bruegel the elder , detail of “netherlandish proverbs , ” 1559 . image courtesy wikipedia .
this afternoon my students and i were discussing some of the proverbs that are referenced in pieter bruegel the elder’s complex painting netherlandish proverbs ( 1559 ) . one student pointed out one particular detail on the wall of the house that i had never noticed before : a pair of open scissors with an eye placed above . i wasn’t familiar with a proverb or a reference to this detail in the painting , so i looked it up afterward .
it turns out that these two symbols are a reference to winking ! this image is a play off of the words “een knip oog , ” which means “snip - eye , ” or a wink . 1 scholar alan dundes , who wrote about the appearance of this symbol in pieter bruegel the younger’s copy of his father’s painting , explained that through this symbol “bruegel the artist is winking at his audience and he expects the viewer to understand that what he has painted in a huge put - on . ” 2
learning about this fun detail made me wonder about the history of winking and whether other winks ( either literal or symbolic ) appear in art . i haven’t been able to find any scholarly information on the cultural history of winking ( if anyone does find something , please let me know ! ) , but i have noticed that obvious references to or depictions of winking appear in examples of art from the renaissance and onward . ( i also realized that it is futile to determine if ancient figures in the composite pose are winking : if the head is in profile view , then only one eye is visible to the viewer , which makes it impossible to ascertain whether a second eye would be open or closed ! ha ! i like the thought that egyptians are actually winking in all of their art , but we just can’t tell . )
i was also interested to see that references to winking appear in both western and non - western art . here are a few examples i came across :
giuseppe maria crespi , “the courted singer , ” 1700s . oil on canvas , 58 x 46 cm , galleria degli uffizi , florence . image courtesy the web gallery of art .
in this painting by crespi , the courted singer ( shown above ) , the winking figure of on the left reminds the viewer that the scene , which depicts a singer being courted , is not inherently gallant or noble . instead , this singer and her affections are essentially being “bought” with the jewelry and riches offered to her .
simon vouet , “the fortune teller , ” c . 1618 . oil on canvas , 120 x 170 cm , national gallery of canada , ottawa . image courtesy the web gallery of art .
winking was also used between characters within works of art , so that the viewer could understand when a figure was sly or involved in trickery . in this painting by vouet , a man on the right of the canvas steals the purse from a gypsy woman ( who is reading the palm of the woman on the far left ) . this thief winks to a male accomplice , who looks to me like he might be winking in return .
master of the winking eyes , “madonna and child , ” ca . 1450 . national museum of women in the arts , washington dc .
although the winking in this picture may be an aesthetic effect rather than an actual part of the subject matter , i still wanted to include this painting by the so - called “master of the winking eyes . ” this piece is included in a current exhibition dedicated to representations of the virgin mary in art , which includes a section on representations of her as a wife and mother . this painting , among another in the show , prompted one writer to publish this article : “did the virgin mary tickle the baby jesus ? ”
huang yongu’s owl is an interesting depiction which caused a lot of controversy . some interpreted yongyu’s painting as a self - portrait of the artist who expressing a critique of socialism , and the painting was officially condemned as blasphemous by the ministry of culture in march 1974 . 3 the winking eye in this instance was thought by some to imply , on a basic level , a critique of the socialist system ( e . g . officials were turning a blind eye to incorrect behavior ) . others did not agree with this interpretation . even chairman mao , who was frustrated with the extent of censorship happening at the time , said with exasperation , “an owl habitually keeps one eye open and one eye closed . the artist does possess the common knowledge , doesn’t he ? ” 4 yongu created other versions of the winking owl after this 1973 fiasco , such as this 1977 version and 1978 version .
of course , to end this list , i have to include a . gif of the nefertiti bust winking . ( since she has an unfinished eye , she does look a little like she could be winking today . ) do you know of other representations of winking in art ? i’m sure there are lots of . gifs with winking works of art too , and feel free to also share those in the comments below !
1 eric nicholson , “et in arcadia the dirty brides , ” in transnational mobilities in early modern theater , by professor robert henke and dr . eric nicolson , eds ( burlington , vt : ashgate publishing company , 2014 , p . 99 .
2 alan dundes , “‘how far does the apple fall from the tree ? ' : pieter bruegel the younger’s netherlandish proverbs” in the netherlandish proverbs : an international symposium on the pieter brueg ( h ) els , ed . , wolfgang mieder ( burlington : university of vermont press , 2004 ) : 20 . citation also found online here .
3 the painting was subsequently put on display in a black paintings exhibition , in order for its subversive content to be publicly shamed . eugene w . wang , “the winking owl : visual effect and its art historical thick description , ” in critical inquiry 26 , no . 3 ( spring 2000 ) : 435 . article available online here .
nina de garis davies , 20th century facsimile drawing of “sculptors at work , ” from the tomb of rekhmire , original of ca . 1479 - 1425 bce
right now i am teaching a course that explores what is means to be an artist , in terms of how society defines artists , the societal status of artists , and how artists define themselves . the scope of the class focuses on renaissance art up until world war two , but the theme of this class has also made me personally think lately about ancient artists . i thought i would jot down a smattering of things that interest me about the role and societal situation for artists in ancient times . i realize that this post isn’t a comprehensive discussion by any means , and i would love to know other thoughts on this topic in the comments .
the word “artist” and its connotations today didn’t exist in ancient times . instead , in ancient countries like egypt , artists were thought of more as artisans or craftsman . however , such artisans and craftsmen were still given some status and recognition at times . in the new kingdom , artisans who decorated and carved the royal tombs were given the designation “servant in the place of truth . ”
i personally like how there are a lot of artisans that are highlighted in tomb carvings throughout ancient egyptian history . some of my favorites include images from the tomb of rekhmire , in which sculptors who are working to carve royal statues ( see detail at the top of this post ) as well as a sphinx ( see a full image here ) . another favorite image is a relief depicting two sculptors working on a statue , from the mastaba of kaemrehu , saqqara ( see below ) . in some cases , these images of artisans are included to explain the role of the tomb owner . for example , rekhmire was a governor whose duties included overseeing the efforts of various craftsmen .
relief depicting two sculptors carving a statue , from the a , old kingdom , c . 2325 bc . painted limestone .
i recently learned that there were special words in the ancient near east to designate someone who was skilled in crafts . the sumerians used the word ummia ( meaning “specialist” ) , and soon after the akkadians adopted a similar word for craft workers , specialists and artisans : ummanu . 1 similar to the later craft traditions in the medieval and renaissance eras , ancient near eastern craftsmen were trained as apprentices . in time , these apprentices could reach the status of a journeyman or a master . 2
interestingly , there were instances in the ancient near east in which artists were expected to deny that they had any part in the creation of the work . in 1st - millenium texts from nineveh and babylon , it is recorded that in the “washing of the mouth” ceremony , which endowed certain works of divinely - inspired images with a salmu ( a personhood ) , artists undertook a ritual to swear “their lack of participation in the image’s creation and attributing it instead to the gods . ” 3
foundry painter , “a bronze foundry , ” 490 - 480 bce . red - figure decoration on a kylix from vulci , italy .
for the most part , greek artists were not held in extremely high regard , which led the roman philosopher seneca to write , “one venerates the divine images , one may pray and sacrifice to them , yet one despises the sculptors who made them . ” 4
however , there were a few artists who were able to establish somewhat of a reputation and achieve renown ( i’m particularly thinking of phidias and praxiteles ) . one way that greek artists vied for status amongst each other was through competitions ( such as the competition to create an amazon warrior for the temple of artemis ) .
although romans loved to copy ancient greek art , they held somewhat of a similar attitude toward artists as their greek counterparts . in fact , roman writers commented that even great greek sculptors like phidias could not escape their disdain . 5
in the latter part of the roman republic , we know that artists banded together to form collegia , which are associations that are similar to the guild system that existed in the middle ages and renaissance . just like this later guild system both helped and hindered the status of medieval and renaissance artists , collegia also experienced government sanction and restriction . 6
i thought i’d share two of my favorite paintings that are dedicated to ancient artists , although they were created in the 19th century by lawrence alma tadema . i think that these paintings are a little bit more indicative of 19th century taste ( particularly in the painting of phidias , who shows off his parthenon frieze to his friends as if they are at the opening reception of a gallery ) , but i still think they are fun .
lawrence alma tadema , phidias showing the frieze of the parthenon to his friends , 1868 . image courtesy of wikipedia
lawrence alma - tadema , “sculptors in ancient rome , ” 1877 . private collection , image courtesy of wikiart
1 don nardo , arts and literature in ancient mesopotamia , ( farmington hills , mi : lucent books , 2009 ) , 12 .
3 marian feldman , “the lives of mesopotamian monuments : knowledge as cultural biography , ” in dialogues in art history , from mesopotamian to modern by elizabeth cropper , ed . , ( new haven : yale university press ) , 48 .


groupers are fish of any of a number of genera in the subfamily epinephelinae of the family serranidae , in the order perciformes .

not all serranids are called groupers ; the family also includes the sea basses .

the common name grouper is usually given to fish in one of two large genera : epinephelus and mycteroperca .

in addition , the species classified in the small genera anyperidon , cromileptes , dermatolepis , gracila , saloptia , and triso are also called groupers .

fish in the genus plectropomus are referred to as coralgroupers .

these genera are all classified in the subfamily epiphelinae .

however , some of the hamlets ( genus alphestes ) , the hinds ( genus cephalopholis ) , the lyretails ( genus variola ) and some other small genera ( gonioplectrus , niphon , paranthias ) are also in this subfamily , and occasional species in other serranid genera have common names involving the word " grouper " .

nonetheless , the word " grouper " on its own is usually taken as meaning the subfamily epinephelinae .

grouper

to download grouper , or to see the grouper demo , visit the grouper download page on the grouper wiki .
> download the noaa technical report on the goliath grouper and related nassau grouper .
supportive community of grouper users worldwide see deployment stories and resources shared on the grouper wiki .
approximately 70 % of the grouper harvested in u . s . waters is red grouper .
in 1880 , the most common grouper occupation in the usa was plasterer . 100 % of grouper ' s were plasterers .
black bass , esonue grouper , giant seabass , goliath grouper , guasa , hamlet , jewfish , southern jewfish , spotted jewfish .
fishance berhad is a newly - established aquaculture business specializing in indoor hatchery and cage system fish farming . based in langkawi , malaysia , the pristine waters surrounding the group of islands is ecologically suitable for farming of high value species like hybrid groupers ( tiger grouper , epinephelus fuscoguttatus x giant grouper , epinephelus lanceolatus ) , cantik grouper ( camouflage grouper , epinephelus polyphekadion x tiger grouper , epinephelus fuscoguttatus ) , orange spotted grouper , epinephelus coioides and other aquaculture commercially - potential species .
pumice / grouper split , 7
vinyl , soft abuse , march 2009 .
gags , like most if not all other grouper species , are protogynous hermaphrodites .
coral bottoms are a preferred habitat of the goliath grouper . photo © don demaria
grouper , an online dating service , uses social media to connect people interested in blind dates to create six - person outings . julia robbs / grouper hide caption
grouper manages quality delivery of geographically dispersed project for business it around the world .
sadovy y , colin pl . sexual development and sexuality in the nassau grouper .
at a meeting last week , the fwc approved the changes to the gag and black grouper minimum size limit and the gag grouper recreational season in florida state waters .
florida chronicles - giant goliath grouper | ft . chew on this & urltoken also blacktiph
fisheries department , the bahamas . undated . the nassau grouper fishery of the bahamas .
no grouper fishing spots were identified by fishermen in bahia state . we did not collect
noaa fisheries and the south atlantic fishery management council manage the red grouper fishery along the us atlantic . red grouper are managed under the snapper - grouper fishery management plan ( fmp ) along with several other south atlantic species . implemented in 1983 , the snapper - grouper fmp was established to end historic overfishing of red and other grouper species . the plan and its amendments include numerous measures to rebuild current populations . among those measures are :
the grouper produced at least 30 pounds of meat , lasher told the post and courier .
stocks of red grouper , shortfin mako and red hake were added to the overfished list .
grouper / inca ore , split tape , x 100 , self - released , 2007 .
grouper latin name : epinephelus spp country of origin : vietnam india indonesia available . . .
i ' ve seen them in amberjack too , just not as often as red grouper .
grouper are managed differently in the gulf versus the atlantic and in state versus federal waters .
( badejo or comb grouper ) at pântano do sul , florianópolis , santa catarina state .
. grouper stocks of the western central atlantic : the need for management and management needs .
stocks of red grouper , shortfin mako , and red hake were added to the overfished list .
because of its high oil content and dense flakes , red grouper has a high culinary versatility .
grouper ' s success lie in our skilled it professionals with over 120 years of collective experience .
i need to show the summary for every grouper in the view like in the classic fiddle .
pictured above is the western boundary of the april 1 - june 30 gag grouper recreational harvest .
in both sets of interviews , fishermen considered the habitat of dusky grouper to be reefs or rocky substrates , particularly caves . skilled fishermen stressed the great depths at which dusky grouper live ( tables
additional notes grouper ( excluding nassau grouper during closed season ) and rockfish must weigh at least 3 lbs . sportfishing vessel limit for demersal fish is 20 fish or 60 pounds of fish . all other grouper landed between dec 1 and feb 28 must have head , tail , and skin intact .
the fisherman thought he had a big lunch coming but then the dark shadow of another giant fish appears . the grouper thought to be a goliath grouper had other ideas about who was getting fed .
the dusky grouper is classified as endangered ( en ) on the iucn red list ( 1 ) .
fao species catalogue . groupers of the world ( family serranidae , subfamily epinephelinae ) . an annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper , rock cod , hind , coral grouper and lyretail species known to date
parasites of the grouper fish epinephelus coioides ( serranidae ) as potential environmental indicators in indonesian coastal ecosystems .
pictured above is the eastern boundary of the april 1 - june 30 gag grouper recreational harvest season .
waxman is the ceo of grouper , an online dating website that uses facebook profiles to set up blind dates of six . yes . six .
grouper
is what the company has named these dates .
the goliath grouper is the largest grouper in the western atlantic . growing to lengths of 8 . 2 feet ( 2 . 5 m ) , this grouper can weigh as much as 800 pounds ( 363 kg ) . in florida , the largest hook and line captured specimen weighed 680 pounds ( 309 kg ) .
in the internet2 case studies section of the website and in the community contributions section of the grouper wki .
creepshow , xiu xiu album with grouper collaboration , cd , states rights records / slender means society 2006 .
‘it is another country - on the dive we see angelfish , tarpon , grouper and moray eels . ’
the last red grouper i caught had ones the size of a maggot and about 15 of them all throughout the meat . can ' t pay me to eat one , just sucks throwing out a nice grouper .
. management and conservation of temperate reef fishes in the grouper - snapper complex of the southeastern united states .
roy montgomery / grouper split 12
, roy - live track from christchurch [
fantasia on a theme by sandy bull ( slight return ) ] ; grouper - vessel ep , late 2009 . gr - 004 .
based on average global ^ landings of red grouper from 2012 - 2015 and using 2014 ( u . s . ) and 2017 ( mexico ) seafood watch ratings , the sustainability breakdown of red grouper is as follows :
koji yoshida caught the all - tackle record convict grouper off yonaguni island in okinawa , japan , on april 25 , 2011 . the astonishing 264 - pound , 8 - ounce grouper was fooled into taking a shad .
fao species catalogue vol . 16 groupers of the world ( family serranidae , subfamily epinephelinae ) : an annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper , rockcod , hind , coral grouper , and lyretail species known to date .
the atlantic goliath grouper is classified as critically endangered ( cr ) on the iucn red list ( 1 ) .
a groupergram is when you and your grouper groupies take a photo and you post it on instagram . but the best grouper photo of the night gets a free round of drinks ,
one of the women explain .
new grouper size limit approved for 2016 when gag and black grouper season opens later this year they will have a minimum size limit of 24 inches in both federal and florida state waters . check out this story on urltoken urltoken
on dec . 29 , 1998 , ernesto jouvin landed the biggest broomtail grouper ever caught and certified as an igfa all - tackle record . he caught the big grouper off el muerto island , ecuador , using a mirrolure .
( badejo , miracelo or comb grouper ) at vitória island , parque estadual de ilhabela , são paulo coast .
noaa fisheries and the gulf of mexico fishery management council manage the red grouper fishery in the us gulf of mexico under the reef fish fishery management plan ( fmp ) . us commercial production of grouper is dominated by the gulf coast and in 2011 , the us gulf of mexico reef fish fishery landed more than nine times the amount of grouper as compared to the us south atlantic – largely due to the high landings of red grouper in the gulf .
additional notes no minimum size limit . aggregate limit = 1 grouper of any species per person . any private recreational fishing vessel , charter boat or head boat , must obtain a tilefish and grouper landing permit , for that vessel , from the marine resources commission in order to possess aboard , or land any tilefish or grouper , harvested recreationally .
‘while being scrutinised by a gargantuan grouper and innumerable smaller fish , i became aware of a more thrilling presence . ’
epinephelus itajara , the largest grouper found in north america , got its new name last year , when a joint committee of the american fisheries society and the american society of ichthyologists and herpetologists agreed it should henceforth be called goliath grouper .
parasite fauna of wild and cultured dusky - grouper epinephelus marginatus ( lowe , 1834 ) from ubatuba , southeastern brazil .
huntsman gr , schaaf we . simulation of the impact of fishing on reproduction of a protogynous grouper , the graysby .
, comb grouper or badejo ) , the gonads weighting 43 and 30 ml , at copacabana , in january 2007 .
im not a big fan of red grouper anyways but the worms are just protein . red grouper are infamous for having them but the black drums and trout can have them too . as long as the meat is cooked , the worms are cooked and your good to go . most of the grouper sandwhiches you eat probably have them in the meat too .
description : grouper is an enterprise access management system designed for the highly distributed management environment and heterogeneous information technology environment common to universities . subscribers : grouper is open - source software , available to the community email : i2mi - info @ urltoken
^ landings outside the u . s . are uncertain as separation of grouper species doesn ' t allow precise numbers , so a ratio of other grouper landings within the u . s . was applied to landings outside the u . s .
because gag and black grouper are commonly confused for one another , the size limit was increased for both species . these changes will mean that the size limit for gag and black grouper will be the same in both gulf and atlantic waters .
these fishermen showed no mercy to their record - sized grouper : they ate the monster . | charlotte observer ,
native range : the south pacific and indian oceans , where natural predators , including grouper , keep their population in check .
red grouper act as “marine engineers” in their ecosystem by hollowing out flat - bottomed areas to create their home and attract mates . this process provides habitat to other species such as spiny lobster , black grouper , red porgy , and vermilion snapper .
parasites of the grouper fish epinephelus coioides ( serranidae ) as potential environmental indicators in indonesian coastal ecosystems . - pubmed - ncbi
when i use summary in modern fiddle it creates a single summary for every grouper . is this not possible in modern ?
the heaviest grouper ever caught and certified as an igfa world record was this 680 - pound goliath grouper . the fish — then generally known as a jewfish — was caught on may 20 , 1961 , off fernandina beach , florida , using a spanish mackerel as bait . this particular species of grouper is considered endangered today and protected in the united states and caribbean .
single point of control when using grouper , once a person is added or removed from a group , the group - related privileges are automatically updated in all of your collaborative applications . grouper allows efficient management of the membership roster at a single point .
grouper is open - source software licensed under the apache 2 . 0 license . see urltoken for a copy of this license .
grouper , an online dating service , uses social media to connect people interested in blind dates to create six - person outings .
grouper takes you on a journey to move forward with cost - efficient solutions . we know how to deliver what clients want .
grouper ' s client partnerships are always treated as
partnership for life
. your business owns our dedication and continuous effort .
alberto peralta boated a giant mottled grouper on aug . 13 , 1996 , off the east side of gibraltar ( a small country located between spain and morocco ) . the grouper weighed 109 pounds , 9 ounces and was caught using a mackerel as bait .
bondad - reantaso m . g . , kanchanakhan s . , chinabut s . 2002 : review of grouper diseases and health management strategies for grouper and other marine finfish diseases . in : report of the regional workshop on sustainable seafarming and grouper aquaculture , medan , indonesia , 17 - 20 april 2000 . collaborative apec grouper research and development network ( fwg 01 / 99 ) . apec / naca / bobp / goi , network of aquaculture centres in asia - pacific , bangkok , thailand , pp . 61 - 92
two common and prominent species of grouper are : the nassau grouper and the black grouper . the nassau grouper , also known as epinephelus striatus , is characterized by a large oblong body with large eyes and spiny fins . its coloration is the most distinct with five dark vertical bars across its body , block dots around the eyes , and a forked pattern on the forehead . nassau grouper can be found all across the western atlantic ocean , throughout the caribbean sea , and in scattered parts of the gulf of mexico . the nassau grouper matures late from anywhere between four to seven years before being able to reproduce . nassau groupers can grow up to four feet long , weigh over fifty pounds and live a maximum of sixteen years . as of right now all fishing of nassau grouper is prohibited in the u . s . , and it is a candidate for the u . s . endangered species list .
gerhardinger lc , athila ab , hostim - silva m : local ecological knowledge and goliath grouper spawning aggregations in the south atlantic ocean : goliath grouper spawning aggregations in brazil . spc trad mar res manag know inf bull . 2006 , 20 : 33 - 34 .
bouchereau , j . l . ; body , p . and chauvet , c . ( 1999 ) , growth of the dusky grouper
sadovy , y . 2002 . the nassau grouper : a cautionary tale of discovery , science and management . available in part from urltoken
heemstra pc , randall je ( 1993 ) groupers of the world ( family serranidae , subfamily epinephelinae ) an annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper , rockcod , hind , coral grouper and lyretail species known to date . fao species catalogue , fao fish synop16 : 125 .
as grouper , liz harris combines aspects of ambient and dream pop into ethereal , reverb - heavy music that is equally mysterious and moving .
i nca ore / grouper split vinyl , self - released , 2008 . iog - 001 . 17 $ us including s / h .
those who insist on red - alert vigilance in these matters can now fuss over , of all things , the newly named goliath grouper .
a 450 pound goliath grouper caught by buddy jenks at the big indian rocks fishing pier , florida ( 1976 ) . photo courtesy kenneth krysko
parasite fauna of wild and cultured dusky - grouper epinephelus marginatus ( lowe , 1834 ) from ubatuba , southeastern brazil . - pubmed - ncbi
grouper ' s got them covered . and they ' re moving to where everything is headed these days — your smartphone . the company plans to debut a mobile app later this spring . soon , you and your friends will be able to set up grouper rendezvous almost immediately .
you sign up for grouper through facebook . and it uses your facebook profile to match you up with a blind date . next , you recruit two of your friends . the blind date does the same . and then , grouper sends all six of you on a group date .
the video posted online ( see below story ) shows the grouper swallow the shark whole in one giant gulp and disappear back to the depths .
what made you want to look up grouper ? please tell us where you read or heard it ( including the quote , if possible ) .
perry institute . undated . nassau grouper epinephelus striatus . cmrc poster series no . 3 . lee stocking island , bahamas and jupiter , florida .
the grouper fish is on every scuba divers’ wish - list . they are huge , powerful and clever . the grouper fish lives on different regions of the world . there are more than 100 different species of groupers . their anathomy is similar , but they differ in colors and the location they live . the groupers belong to subfamily epinephelinae of the family serranidae . name “ grouper ” is tought to be coming from [ read more… ]
heemstra , p . c . and randall , j . e . ( 1993 ) , groupers of the world ( family serranidae , subfamily epinephelinae ) . an annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper , rockcod , hind , coral grouper and lyretail species known to date . fao fisheries synopsis ,
embed this arkive thumbnail link (
portlet
) by copying and pasting the code below . < a href =
urltoken
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arkive species - red grouper ( epinephelus morio )
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arkive species - red grouper ( epinephelus morio )
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embed this arkive thumbnail link (
portlet
) by copying and pasting the code below . < a href =
urltoken
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arkive species - gulf grouper ( mycteroperca jordani )
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arkive species - gulf grouper ( mycteroperca jordani )
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arkive species - gulf grouper ( mycteroperca jordani )
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embed this arkive thumbnail link (
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arkive species - dusky grouper ( epinephelus marginatus )
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red grouper have large mouths with a slight under - bite , which allows them to eat their prey whole by dilating their gill covers and rapidly inhaling . they are among the top reef predators , controlling some aspects of balance in a reef system . red grouper eat any convenient prey . young grouper are preyed upon by jacks , other groupers , sharks , barracudas , and morays ; adults are eaten by large sharks and carnivorous marine mammals .
mclaren , j . ( 2005 ) king of the med : the dusky grouper . crete gazette , 11 ( 1 ) : 0 - 0 .
a newspaper reported a 396 . 8 pound grouper being caught off the waters near pulau sembilan in the straits of malacca on tuesday 15 , january 2008
k . rhodes and y . sadovy , “temporal and spatial trends in spawning aggregations of camouflage grouper , epinephelus polyphekadion , in pohnpei , micronesia , ”
when gag and black grouper season opens later this year they will have a minimum size limit of 24 inches in both federal and florida state waters .
salinas - de - león p , rastoin e , acuña - marrero d . first record of a spawning aggregation for the tropical eastern pacific endemic grouper
out of the hundreds of fish i ' ve caught i ' ve seen some weird stuff but it seems like about 1 in 8 red grouper i catch has worms . i ' ve never seen them on any other fish and it seems like the bigger the fish the more there are . any one else notice this ? some people say you can cook them inside the fillet and eat them but that ' s just not going to happen with me . also want to know why red grouper prefer different habitat than most other grouper . i always catch them on my red snapper holes where i rarely catch another grouper species . do they not stay in holes like other grouper ? and is there a reason they get worms more often then other fish ?
( 2 ) heemstra , c . phillip and randall , e . james . fao species catalogue vol . 16 . groupers of the world ( family serranidae , subfamily epinephelinae ) . an annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper , rockcod , hind , coral grouper , and lyretail species known to date .
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misty grouper ( epinephelus mystacinus ) other names : mystic grouper , mustache grouper range : the bahamas and extreme south florida . habitat : rocks and ledges in 500 feet or more . description : brown with 6 to 9 vertical whitish bars . size : common at 15 - 50 pounds ; exceeds 100 pounds . food value : excellent . game qualities : seldom caught on sporting gear . tackle and baits : power reels with cut bait . fishing systems : drifting .
black groupers grow larger than gags , often reaching 50 pounds and occasionally as large as 180 pounds . besides being lighter in color than black grouper , gags have a slightly different tail shape . the back edge of a black grouper ' s tail is squared off , and a gag ' s is slightly concave .
who can use grouper ? anyone needing to manage group access to resources can use grouper - - from accountants to zoologists . a researcher might create a group and enable members to participate on an email list or view a web site . students might use grouper to set up and manage groups for similar applications as they work together on shared projects and class work . your it staff can delegate group management and enable those leading collaborations to set up and manage their own groups .
very large goliath grouper have been observed to stalk divers and even conduct unsuccessful ambushes of the same . large individuals of this species should be treated with caution .
heemstra p . c . , randall j . e . 1993 : fao species catalogue . vol . 16 . groupers of the world ( family serranidae , subfamily epinephelinae ) . an annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper , rockcod , hind , coral grouper and lyretail species known to date . fao , rome , 382 pp
sometimes fish names make no sense whatsoever . take for example , gag . excuse my language ahead of time , but that ' s a helluva name for such a wonderful fish . they didn ' t even dignify it by adding the word
grouper
after it , but a grouper it is . it , and its kissing cousin , the scamp , are the two most common grouper species caught by louisiana sportsmen . unfortunately , gag may only be kept during a short season each year .
waxman says a
successful
grouper can be many things : making new friends , reconnecting with old ones or just having a good night of drinking — which makes sense . more than anything that stood out of that night ' s grouper date was that the hashtag generation would almost be fine doing nothing alone , ever again .
grouper ' s focus is to deliver best of breed technology services with adequate attention to quality , cost and business risk . here is some of our service offerings :
according to a 2010 stock assessment , south atlantic red grouper are not overfished , nor subject to overfishing – though current populations are below target levels . the life history of the species ( slow - growing , late - maturing , and long - lived ) means that rebuilding plans for some grouper species can take years to accomplish . there is also a lack of basic management data such as quantitative stock assessments and discard rates for many species in the snapper - grouper fmp – further limiting rebuilding efforts .
noaa’s southeast fisheries science center reef fish research program provides ongoing assessments of red grouper stock and reserve effectiveness . their grouper habitat utilization investigation looks at seasonal movement patterns in an attempt to improve populations and fishery management . reef fish habitat assessments compare acoustic mapping results alongside diver - assessed reef fish data to better study fish - habitat correlations .
a separate population of goliath groupers in the eastern pacific ocean has now been classified as a separate species , the pacific goliath grouper ( epinephelus quinquefasciatus ) ( 1 ) .
red grouper flesh is white and lean with a notable lack of bones , and is very forgiving when cooked as it remains moist , firm , and has large flakes .
red grouper are protogynous hermaphrodites , meaning they all begin life as a female and eventually some may transform into males . the females reach sexual maturity between ages 4 and 6 , and those who turn into males often do so between the ages of 7 and 15 . the proportion of males in a population of red grouper increases with age .
zabala , m . ; garcia - rubes , a . ; loisy , p . and sala , e . ( 1997a ) , spawning behavior of the mediterranean dusky grouper
the mega fish is thought to be a goliath grouper , a giant fish that can grow up to nine feet long and weigh 800 pounds , according to national geographic magazine .
red grouper grow slowly and can reach up to 50 inches in length and weigh up to 50 pounds . the oldest recorded red grouper in the gulf of mexico was 29 years , while the oldest recorded in the south atlantic was 26 years old . they spawn in shallow waters from february through june , and spawn almost 26 times in a season .
true . ok cool . i ' ll eat it but i doubt i ' ll ever harvest any red grouper seeing that . kind of grosses me out . . . yuck
grouper development maintenance process is developed continuously to assure deliveries of good quality . with continuous development of working process with modern tools this is possible without major increase in resource use .
glamuzina b , skaramuca b , kožul v , tutman p ( 2000b ) status of grouper ( genus epinephelus ) investigations in croatia . cahiers options méditerranéennes47 : 235 - 239 .
demartini ee , everson ar , nichols rs . estimates of body sizes at maturation and at sex change , and the spawning seasonality and sex ratio of the endemic hawaiian grouper (
other species removed from the overfishing list included stocks of sailfish , winter flounder and blue king crab , while other additions included stocks of greater amberjack , red grouper and red hake .
census records can tell you a lot of little known facts about your grouper ancestors , such as occupation . occupation can tell you about your ancestor ' s social and economic status .
the reef fish fmp has been a success in allowing red grouper populations to bounce back from overfishing that had occurred on and off in the gulf since the 1970s . in 2007 the gulf of mexico red grouper fishery was officially considered rebuilt . a 2016 stock assessment , based on 2012 catch data , determined that the species is not overfished nor subject to overfishing .
table 1 shows the catches of dusky grouper at copacabana during 2013 - 2015 , which were obtained after 42 fieldwork visits by one of the authors ( ab ) and 205 days of fish observations by the two collaborative fishers . large individuals of dusky grouper were caught in the summer ( january and february ) and autumn ( may ) . in may 2014 many individuals were caught ( similar to the spring of 2015 ) ( table 1 ) . the weight - length relationship of dusky grouper ( n = 793 ) is shown in figure 4 .
heemstra , p . c . and randall , j . e . ( 1993 ) fao species catalogue . volume . 16 . groupers of the world ( family serranidae , subfamily epinephelinae ) . an annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper , rockcod , hind , coral grouper and lyretail species known to date . food and agriculture organisation of the united nations , rome .
a note on a closely related species : the atlantic goliath grouper lives on both sides of the atlantic ocean – in the caribbean sea and adjacent waters and off the west coast of africa . a closely related species , the pacific goliath grouper , is restricted to the eastern tropical pacific ocean from mexico to peru . scientists only recently divided the species into two , based on their slightly different genetic makeup . the two species are similar in both appearance and behavior , but little is known about the population trends or conservation status of the pacific goliath grouper .
i noted recently that the official name for the jewfish , epinephelus itajara was changed to
goliath grouper
which made sense to me because the name has always struck me as derogatory .
schaaf , g . r . and huntsman , w . e . ( 1994 ) , simulation of the impact of fishing on reproduction of a protogynous grouper , the grasby . north american
larger heads like salmon , striped bass , red drum , grouper and tuna merit different preparation than small heads . for these larger species , the heads may become a meal unto themselves .
the last stock assessment of gag grouper indicates that they are not over fished or undergoing over fishing , but updated catch per unit effort data indicates that the assessment results are overly optimistic .
fishing in the gulf of mexico off texas , tim oesteich ii reeled in a 124 - pound black grouper . he caught the whopper using a bonito on jan . 3 , 2011 .
net cages ( 8 mm mesh ) are used for 2 - 10 cm fingerlings ; 25 mm mesh is used for larger fish . grouper fingerlings are stocked at 15 - 20 / m
shows that 14 out of 24 fishermen believed that the spawning season of the dusky grouper occurs in the summer months in brazil ( november through march ) . skilled fishermen were also asked about the migratory behavior of dusky grouper : 31 out of 49 considered it a non migratory fish , whereas 16 considered it a fish that migrates short distances to swim , eat or reproduce .
in u . s . waters , take of this species has been prohibited since 1990 , and the species has been protected in the caribbean since 1993 . historical exploitation of goliath grouper annual spawning aggregation sites greatly reduced the number of reproductive adults . as goliath grouper are slow growing and require several years to reach sexual maturity , recovery for this species is expected to be slow .
other species removed from the overfishing list included stocks of sailfish , winter flounder , and blue king crab , while other additions included stocks of greater amberjack , red grouper , and red hake .
the atlantic goliath grouper feeds on crustaceans , such as spiny lobsters , shrimps and crabs , as well as fish including stingrays and parrotfish , in addition to octopuses and young sea turtles . despite having teeth , the fish engulfs its prey and swallows it whole . before the atlantic goliath grouper reaches full size it is susceptible to the attack of barracuda , king mackerel and moray eels , as well as sandbar sharks and hammerhead sharks ( 2 ) . once it is fully grown , humans and large sharks are the atlantic goliath grouper’s only predators ( 2 ) ( 3 ) .
zabala , m . ; loisy , p . ; garcia - rubes , a . and gracia , v . ( 1997b ) , social - behavioral context of reproduction in the mediterranean dusky grouper
groupers are any genera of fish in the subfamily epinephelinae and the family serranidae . the common name grouper is in fact a name that encompasses a vast amount of highly diverse sea creatures in the family serranidae which also includes sea basses . however when the word grouper is used , it most often is meant to specify the organisms in one of two large genera : epinephelus and mycteroperca .
glamuzina b , kožul v , skaramuca b ( 2000a ) female reproductive cycle of the dusky grouper , epinephelus marginatus ( lowe , 1834 ) in captivity . acta adriatica41 : 79 - 88 .
] . hypotheses could then be derived about the dusky grouper ( and other reef fishes ) to be further tested based on local ecological knowledge of coastal fishermen from são paulo and bahia , respectively , at the southeastern and northeastern brazilian coasts . firstly , that the dusky grouper spawns in reefs , and secondly , that recreational divers may have been responsible for the population declines of this fish [
goliath grouper eating a black tip shark in one bite off the coast of bonita springs florida . august 2014 . this video is represented by urltoken - for any licensing requests please contact licensing @ urltoken
the bag limit will remain two gag grouper per person per day . for more information on federal fishing regulations go to urltoken and details regarding florida state waters regulations can be found myfwc . com .
marino g , azzurro e , massari a , finoia mg , mandich a ( 2001 ) reproduction in the dusky grouper from the southern mediterranean . journal of fish biology 58 : 909 - 927 .
occurring in shallow , inshore waters to depths of 150 feet ( 46 m ) , the goliath grouper prefers areas of rock , coral , and mud bottoms . strikingly patterned juveniles inhabit mangroves and brackish estuaries , especially near oyster bars . the goliath grouper is notable as one of the few groupers found in brackish waters . this fish is solitary by nature , with the adults occupying limited home ranges . it is territorial near areas of refuge such as caves , wrecks , and ledges , displaying an open mouth and quivering body to intruders . additional warning may be delivered in the form of the goliath grouper ' s ability to produce a distinctly audible rumbling sound generated by the muscular contraction of the swim bladder . this sound travels great distances underwater and is also used to locate other goliath grouper .
black grouper , also known as mycteroperca bonaci , is characterized by a large oblong body and a huge lower jaw . its coloration is olive or gray with dark rectangular spots along its body , head and side . the black grouper can be found of the coast of bermuda , throughout the western atlantic ocean , the caribbean sea , and in the gulf of mexico . they can grow up to fifty - two inches long , weigh up to 179 pounds , and live over thirty years . the black grouper is currently not threatened by extinction and is fished recreationally and commercially in the gulf of mexico .
dentition goliath grouper have three to five rows of teeth in the lower jaw . the presence of a number of short weakly developed canine teeth is useful in distinguishing this species from other north atlantic groupers .
william klaser landed the all - tackle record gulf grouper off loreto in baja california sur , mexico . the big fish weighed 113 pounds and was caught using a live mackerel on april 25 , 2000 .
on march 4 , 2012 , shayne keith nelson caught a monstrous giant grouper off latham island , tanzania . the “giant” weighed 295 pounds , 11 ounces . it was hooked using a bonito as bait .
) , nor at itaipu ( rio de janeiro – in this case fishermen stressed that dusky grouper can only be caught only in distant flat rocks locally called ' lajes ' ) . the northernmost distribution of
grouper is an enterprise access management system designed for the highly distributed management environment and heterogeneous information technology environment common to universities . operating a central access management system that supports both central and distributed it reduces risk .
with grouper , individuals across campus manage the memberships of the groups they steward . grouper keeps the group membership decisions in the hands of the business / group owners , access control in the hands of the application owners , and the technology management in the hands of the technologists . schools , departments and even project leads and students can use an institutionally - tailored interface to manage their groups using plain language they understand .
census records can give you a fascinating window into the day - to - day lives of your grouper ancestors - like hours worked per week , level of education , veteran status , employers , and more .
authenticated ( 04 / 07 / 2006 ) by dr . chris koenig , florida state university coastal and marine laboratory ( fsucml ) ; and member of the iucn / ssc grouper / wrasse specialist group . urltoken
figure 6 : length frequency distribution of the malabar grouper epinephelus malabaricus specimens caught by fishers using hook - and - line , basket traps , and surrounding nets between september 2009 and december 2010 around mafia island .
marino , g ; azzurro , e . ; massari , a . ; finoia , m . g . and mandich , a . ( 2001 ) , reproduction in the dusky grouper from the southern mediterranean .
that ' s exactly what i did . thanks for the advice . after eating the grouper last night , i ' m over it lol . it was just as delicious as it always is . . .
is one of the few species among farmed grouper species . the development of new faster - growing strains through selective breeding techniques and use of intensive cost - effective recirculation systems are imperative to increase the production .
seafdec . 2001 . husbandry and health management of grouper . asia - pacific economic cooperation fisheries working group 01 / 2000 . aquaculture department , southeast asian fisheries development center , manila , philippines . 94 pp .
places used to catch groupers in the study sites on the coast of brazil coincide with the kinds of suitable dusky grouper habitat mentioned by fishermen : mostly island and rocky substrates . we do not have any information on the overlap in dusky grouper fishing areas between artisanal and recreational fisheries , since no data on recreational fisheries for dusky grouper are available . nevertheless , such detailed data regarding the location of fishing spots are invaluable to future initiatives of coastal zoning and fisheries management . for example , marine reserves ( no - take zones ) , where fisheries are forbidden , are one of the most effective tools for protecting reef fishes [
restricted to just the western atlantic ocean , the red grouper is found from the north carolina coast in the united states , through the caribbean sea and the gulf of mexico , to southern brazil ( 3 ) .
bolden , s . k . 1980 . long - distance movement of a nassau grouper ( epinephelus striatus ) to a spawning aggregation in the central bahamas . fisheries bulletin 98 ( 3 ) : 642 - 645 .
andrade áb , machado lf , hostim - silvam , barreiros jp ( 2003 ) reproductive biology of the dusky grouper epinephelus marginatus ( lowe , 1834 ) . brazilian archives of biology and technology46 : 373 - 382 .
there is then , an urgent need to better understand the biology and ecology of the dusky grouper . the artisanal fishermen from the coast of brazil have provided important ethnobiological information for several studies on other fish species [
after integrating grouper with your identity management system , you will have a way to manage the membership of roles and other functions that individuals have with the institution . further , automatic change or revocation of service can be accomplished based on group membership changes . removing it from the middle of managing groups will help ease your helpdesk headaches , as well . as more and more systems use grouper , the benefits accrue and become more valuable .
anglers targeting gag grouper in state waters in franklin , wakulla , jefferson and taylor counties can keep their bag limit from april 1 through june 30 . this opening also includes all waters of the steinhatchee river , including those in dixie county , and all waters of apalachicola bay and indian pass , including those in gulf county . the shaded areas represent what will be open to recreational gag grouper harvest between april 1 and june 30 .
this year , our annual list includes exceptional records by perfect pussy , rich gang , ex hex , lykke li , brian eno , vince staples , caribou , grouper , aphex twin , and a whole lot more .
grouper is the solo project of ambient musician liz harris , from portland , oregon , united states . harris ' music is a mixture of softly - strummed guitar , wurlitzer keys , and her delicate , dreamy vocals .
on dec . 22 1985 , steve haeusler landed the current , all - tackle world - record warsaw grouper . the huge 436 - pound , 12 - ounce fish was caught off florida in the gulf of mexico .
sala , e . , e . ballesteros and r . m . starr . 2001 . rapid decline of nassau grouper spawning aggregations in belize : fishery management and conservation needs . fisheries , 26 : 23 - 31 .
figure 1 : map of the study area ( copacabana beach , rio de janeiro , brazil ) with importante fishing spots used in the small - scale fishery to obtain catches , including the dusky grouper e . marginatus .
begossi a , silvano ram ( 2008 ) ecology and ethnoecology of dusky grouper , garoupa , [ epinephelusmarginatus ( lowe , 1834 ) ] along the coast of brazil . journal of ethnobiology and ethnomedicine4 : 1 - 20 .
additional notes no minimum size limit . must be landed with head and fins intact . if you are bringing fish back to the u . s . from the bahamas by water , please see bringing fish back from the bahamas . commercial regulations for south atlantic federal waters : open size limit : none trip limit :  none spawning season closure : january 1 - april 30 annual shallow - water grouper spawning season closure january 1 through april 30 . prohibition on recreational and commercial harvest or possession of : gag , black grouper , red grouper , scamp , red hind , rock hind , coney , graysby , yellowfin grouper , and yellowmouth grouper . all species must be landed with head and fins intact . commercial fishermen are required to use dehooking tools when fishing for snapper grouper species . the use of non - stainless steel circle hooks ( offset or non - offset ) is required for all species in the snapper grouper complex when using hook - and - line gear with natural baits in waters north of 28 degrees n . latitude . after the commercial quota is met , all purchase and sale is prohibited and harvest and / or possession is limited to the recreational bag limit . this prohibition does not apply to fish harvested , landed , and sold prior to the quota being reached and held in cold storage by a dealer . quotas are given in gutted weights . commercial snapper grouper vessels must have onboard nmfs approved sea turtle release gear and follow smalltooth sawfish release protocol . see the handling and release protocol from noaa fisheries or call 727 - 824 - 5312 . annual catch limit ( acl ) – this species is managed under an acl . see current information on commercial acls ( quotas ) from noaa fisheries . for more information , see : graysby commercial regulations
fishermen have caught a giant grouper that weighed 683 pounds ( 310kg ) near the nansha islands . the fish was sold to a hotelier in dongyuan , because apparently that’s what one does upon catching an utterly massive mutant fish .
when mature , the red grouper is most abundant at depths of 50 to 300 metres , in waters with a sandy or muddy bottom . however , habitat selection in the red grouper changes with age , and the smallest juveniles tend to be found in shallow seagrass beds and inshore reefs . intermediate aged fish are commonly found under crevices and ledges in rocky coral reefs , between a depth of 5 and 25 metres ( 1 ) ( 3 ) .
heemstra , p . c . and randall , j . e . ( 1993 ) fao species catalogue . volume 16 . groupers of the world ( family serranidae , subfamily epinephelinae ) . an annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper , rockcod , hind , coral grouper , and lyretail species known to date . fao fisheries synopsis no . 125 , vol . 16 . food and agriculture organisation of the united nations , rome . available at : urltoken
on june 11 , 2004 , takayuki shibayama caught the record 171 - pound , 10 - ounce potato grouper . he caught the fish off miyako island in okinawa , japan . he was using a live snapper as bait .
red grouper are found in the western atlantic ocean with ranges extending from massachusetts through the gulf of mexico and south to brazil . they are common in waters ranging from 10 to 40 feet deep and inhabit shallower marine waters in comparison to other grouper species . juveniles prefer living near grass beds , rock formations , and reefs in shallow , nearshore waters – moving offshore as they mature and grow in size . adult red grouper can be found along ledges , crevices , and caverns along limestone reefs . they also frequent areas with live bottom structures such as sponges , corals , and sea squirts . adults may school or move together in these areas as groups , but only for short distances .
additional notes for seasons , bag limits , size limits , or closures contact south atlantic council ( samfc ) at 1 - 843 - 571 - 4366 or urltoken and see the most recent ff - snapper - grouper recreational proclamation .
on new year’s day 1998 , charles - antoine roucayrol caught the all - tackle world - record mustache grouper . the 121 - pound , 4 - ounce fish was taken off desroches island , seychelles , using a kita lure .
the large size , slow growth , low reproductive rate , and spawning behavior have made the goliath grouper especially susceptible to overfishing . the goliath grouper is totally protected from harvest and is recognized as a
critically endangered
species by the world conservation union ( iucn ) . furthermore , the iucn concludes that the species has been
observed , estimated , inferred or suspected
of a reduction of at least 80 % over the last 10 years or three generations .
but no sooner than he had the black tip shark in his sights , a dark shadow appeared swimming up from the depths . a hungry grouper had other ideas about who was going to be sitting back with a full stomach tuesday .
these example sentences are selected automatically from various online news sources to reflect current usage of the word ' grouper . ' views expressed in the examples do not represent the opinion of merriam - webster or its editors . send us feedback .
starr , r . m . , e . , e . ballesteros , and m . zabala . 2007 . spatial dynamics of the nassau grouper ( epinephelus striatus ) in a caribbean atoll . marine ecology progress series . in press .
andrade ab , machado lf , hostim - silva m , barreiros jp : reproductive biology of the dusky grouper epinephelus marginatus ( lowe , 1834 ) . braz arch biol tech . 2003 , 46 ( 3 ) : 373 - 381 .
the german ichthyologist m . h . c . lichtenstein described the goliath grouper as serranus itajara in an 1822 publication regarding the natural history of brazil . in an 1884 work ,
the fishes of the florida keys ,
david starr jordan proposed the inclusion of the goliath grouper in epinephelus ( bloch 1793 ) and this combination remains in use today . of incidental note is the fact that various authors have incorrectly spelled the specific epithet
itajara
as
itaiara .
the genus name comes from the greek epinephelos translated as cloudy . synonyms of e . itajara include serranus guasa poey 1860 and serranus quinquefasciatus bocourt 1868 . a number of authors treat the name promicrops itajara as valid taxonomy for the goliath grouper .
authenticated ( 31 / 07 / 2006 ) by pr . patrice francour , scientific director of laboratoire d’environnement marin littoral , université de nice - sophia antipolis , france ; and member of the iucn / ssc grouper and wrasse specialist group . urltoken
they are completely toxic ! let me know where you live and i ' ll come by and get rid of them for you . i ' ve always wondered if
grouper nuggets
were the result of cutting around / removing parasites .
dusky grouper , is a monandric protogynous hermaphrodite . female maturity occurs when females are 5 years old and 380 mm long ( sub - mature females can weight 2–3 kg ) . sex inversion , from female to male , occurs between the 9
in grouper , a researcher might create a
my - research - project
group and enable the members to participate on an email list , calendar group , web site , and so on . alternatively , students could use grouper to set up and manage
my - business - course - cohorts
to enable similar collaborative applications . the software enables group management on an individual level and empowers people to use more secure , robust , and responsive methods to control access to their resources .