nassarius wolffi , common name the torben wolff nassa , is a species of sea snail , a marine gastropod mollusk in the family nassariidae , the nassa mud snails or dog whelks .

nassarius wolffi

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - species : nassarius wolffi ( j . knudsen , 1956 ) - id : 1950001330
( of nassa wolffi knudsen , 1956 ) cernohorsky w . o . ( 1984 ) . systematics of the family nassariidae ( mollusca : gastropoda ) . bulletin of the auckland institute and museum 14 : 1 - 356 . [ details ]
nassarius plicatellus adams : synonym of nassarius niveus ( a . adams , 1852 )
nassarius weyersi craven : synonym of nassarius pumilio ( e . a . smith , 1872 )
nassarius ( nassodonta ) h . adams , 1867 : alternate representation of nassarius duméril , 1805
nassarius ( nassodonta ) h . adams , 1867 : alternate representation of nassarius duméril , 1805
nassarius ( tritia ) a . adams , 1853 : synonym of nassarius ( hinia ) gray , 1847 ( alternate representation of nassarius duméril , 1805 )
nassarius monile ( kiener , 1834 ) : synonym of nassarius distortus ( a . adams , 1852 )
nassarius sertulus ( a . adams , 1852 ) : synonym of nassarius haldemani ( dunker , 1847 )
nassarius fenestratus ( marratt , 1877 ) : synonym of nassarius albescens gemmuliferus ( a . adams , 1852 )
nassarius gemmuliferus a . adams , 1852 : synonym of nassarius albescens gemmuliferus ( a . adams , 1852 )
nassarius ( cryptonassarius ) watson , r . b . , 1882 : alternate representation of nassarius duméril , 1805
nassarius ( hima ) gray , 1852 ex leach , ms . : alternate representation of nassarius duméril , 1805
nassarius ( naytia ) h . adams & a . adams 1853 : alternate representation of nassarius duméril , 1805
nassarius ( reticunassa ) iredale , 1936 : synonym of nassarius ( hima ) gray , 1852 ex leach , ms . alternate representation of nassarius duméril , 1805 )
nassarius ( hima ) gray , 1852 ex leach , ms . : alternate representation of nassarius duméril , 1805
nassarius ( naytia ) h . adams & a . adams 1853 : alternate representation of nassarius duméril , 1805
nassarius ( mirua ) marwick , 1931 : synonym of nassarius ( hima ) gray , 1852 ex leach , ms . ( alternate representation of nassarius duméril , 1805 )
nassarius ( mirua ) marwick , 1931 : synonym of nassarius ( hima ) gray , 1852 ex leach , ms . ( alternate representation of nassarius duméril , 1805 )
nassarius ( caesia ) h . adams & a . adams , 1853 : alternate representation of nassarius duméril , 1805
nassarius ( niotha ) h . adams & a . adams , 1853 : alternate representation of nassarius duméril , 1805
nassarius ( phrontis ) h . adams & a . adams , 1853 : alternate representation of nassarius duméril , 1805
nassarius ( telasco ) h . adams & a . adams , 1853 : alternate representation of nassarius duméril , 1805
nassarius ( uzita ) h . adams & a . adams , 1853 : alternate representation of nassarius duméril , 1805
nassarius ( zeuxis ) h . adams & a . adams , 1853 : alternate representation of nassarius duméril , 1805
nassarius ( caesia ) h . adams & a . adams , 1853 : alternate representation of nassarius duméril , 1805
nassarius ( niotha ) h . adams & a . adams , 1853 : alternate representation of nassarius duméril , 1805
nassarius ( telasco ) h . adams & a . adams , 1853 : alternate representation of nassarius duméril , 1805
nassarius ( uzita ) h . adams & a . adams , 1853 : alternate representation of nassarius duméril , 1805
nassarius ( zeuxis ) h . adams & a . adams , 1853 : alternate representation of nassarius duméril , 1805
nassarius ( austronassaria ) c . laseron & j . laseron , 1956 : synonym of nassarius ( plicarcularia ) thiele , 1929 ( alternate representation of nassarius duméril , 1805 )
nassarius ( bathynassa ) ladd , 1976 : synonym of nassarius ( zeuxis ) h . adams & a . adams , 1853 ( alternate representation of nassarius duméril , 1805 )
nassarius ( demondia ) addicott , 1956 : synonym of nassarius ( caesia ) h . adams & a . adams , 1853 ( alternate representation of nassarius duméril , 1805 )
nassarius ( glabrinassa ) shuto , 1969 : synonym of nassarius ( zeuxis ) h . adams & a . adams , 1853 ( alternate representation of nassarius duméril , 1805 )
nassarius ( schizopyga ) conrad , 1856 : synonym of nassarius ( caesia ) h . adams & a . adams , 1853 ( alternate representation of nassarius duméril , 1805 )
nassarius ( tarazeuxis ) iredale , 1936 : synonym of nassarius ( telasco ) h . adams & a . adams , 1853 ( alternate representation of nassarius duméril , 1805 )
nassarius ( tavanothia ) iredale , 1936 : synonym of nassarius ( niotha ) h . adams & a . adams , 1853 ( alternate representation of nassarius duméril , 1805 )
nassarius ( usita ) noszky , 1936 : synonym of nassarius ( uzita ) h . adams & a . adams , 1853 ( alternate representation of nassarius duméril , 1805 )
nassarius ( venassa ) martens , 1881 : synonym of nassarius ( zeuxis ) h . adams & a . adams , 1853 ( alternate representation of nassarius duméril , 1805 )
nassarius ( austronassaria ) c . laseron & j . laseron , 1956 : synonym of nassarius ( plicarcularia ) thiele , 1929 ( alternate representation of nassarius duméril , 1805 )
nassarius ( bathynassa ) ladd , 1976 : synonym of nassarius ( zeuxis ) h . adams & a . adams , 1853 ( alternate representation of nassarius duméril , 1805 )
nassarius ( demondia ) addicott , 1956 : synonym of nassarius ( caesia ) h . adams & a . adams , 1853 ( alternate representation of nassarius duméril , 1805 )
nassarius ( glabrinassa ) shuto , 1969 : synonym of nassarius ( zeuxis ) h . adams & a . adams , 1853 ( alternate representation of nassarius duméril , 1805 )
nassarius unicolor kiener , l . c . , 1834 : synonym of nassarius micans ( a . adams , 1852 )
nassarius ( tritonella ) a . adams , 1852 : synonym of nassarius ( hima ) gray , 1852 ex leach , ms . ( alternate representation of nassarius duméril , 1805 )
nassarius zonalis ( a . adams , 1852 ) : [ 24 ] synonym of nassarius reeveanus ( dunker , 1847 )
nassarius ( amycla ) h . adams & a . adams , 1853 : synonym of nassarius ( gussonea ) monterosato , 1912
nassarius sertulus ( a . adams , 1852 in 1852 - 53 ) : synonym of nassarius haldemani ( dunker , 1847 )
nassarius ( zaphon ) h . adams & a . adams , 1853 : synonym of nassarius ( caesia ) h . adams & a . adams , 1853 ( alternate representation of nassarius duméril , 1805 )
nassarius nanus nowell - usticke , g . w . , 1959 : synonym of nassarius karinae nowell - usticke , g . w . , 1971 [ 23 ]
nassa tegula reeve , 1853 : synonym of nassarius striatus ( c . b . adams , 1852 )
nassa miser ( dall , 1908 ) : synonym of nassarius coppingeri ( e . a . smith , 1881 )
nassarius denticulatus ( a . adams , 1852 ) : synonym of tritia denticulata ( a . adams , 1852 )
nassarius ( zeuxis ) sadurnii
thorpe , j . p . ms
hanley , s . & theobald , 1972
nassarius ( polinices , nassarius ) is prey of : pagurus cancer myoxocephalus tautogolabrus pseudopleuronectes asterias based on studies in : usa : massachusetts , cape ann ( littoral , mudflat ) this list may not be complete but is based on published studies .
nassarius ( polinices , nassarius ) preys on : solemya ensis macoma mya gemma onoba littorina littorea based on studies in : usa : massachusetts , cape ann ( littoral , mudflat ) this list may not be complete but is based on published studies .
the shells of various species of nassarius are popular with shell collectors , and are sometimes used in jewelry and other forms of decoration .
nassarius candidissimus ( c . b . adams , 1845 ) : synonym of phrontis candidissima ( c . b . adams , 1845 )
nassarius versicolor ( c . b . adams , 1852 ) : synonym of phrontis versicolor ( c . b . adams , 1852 )
nassarius luteostomus ( broderip & sowerby , 1829 ) : synonym of phrontis luteostoma ( broderip & g . b . sowerby i , 1829 )
nassarius vibex is a species which is often selected for marine aquaria . it is often confused with nassarius obsoletus , a cooler water snail less suited to tropical marine aquarium temperatures . in aquaria , the nassarius is considered nearly indispensable for keeping sand beds clean and healthy , as these snails tend to burrow and plow through the upper layer in a conch - like fashion , keeping algae and detritus from building up visibly on the surface .
( of nassarius sadurnii bot , 1972 ) bot j . ( 1972 ) . nueva especie del genero nassa . miscellanea zoologica 3 ( 2 ) : 15 [ details ]
nassa lamarck , 1799 : established for the species buccinum mutabile linnaeus , 1758 , which is now classified as a synonym of nassarius duméril , 1805 in the family nassariidae .
according to van regteren altena et al . ( 1965 ) and van aartsen et al . ( 1984 ) hinia gray , 1847 is considered as a subgenus of nassarius duméril , 1806 .
the name is derived from the latin word
nassa
, meaning a wickerbasket with a narrow neck , for catching fish . nassarius would then mean
someone who uses such a wickerbasket for catching fish
.
most nassarius species are very active scavengers , feeding on crabs and carrion as dead fish , etc . they often burrow into marine substrates and then wait with only their siphon protruding , until they smell nearby food .
the name is derived from the latin word
nassa
, meaning a wickerbasket with a narrow neck , for catching fish . nassarius would then mean
someone who uses such a wickerbasket for catching fish
.
in the course of time , more than 800 names have been allocated to species in the genus nassarius , most of which have become synonyms . the following species are accepted names according to the world register of marine species ( worms ) : [ 1 ]
all these examples predate several 75 , 000 - year - old nassarius kraussianus beads which were found at blombos cave , south africa ( including some colored with red ochre ) . these beads had previously been thought to be the oldest examples of jewelry . [ 3 ]
( of nassarius sadurnii bot , 1972 ) adam w . & knudsen j . 1984 . révision des nassariidae ( mollusca : gastropoda prosobranchia ) de l’afrique occidentale . bulletin de l’institut royal des sciences naturelles de belgique 55 ( 9 ) : 1 - 95 , 5 pl . [ details ]
several beads made from nassarius gibbosulus shells are thought to be the earliest known forms of personal adornment , or even jewelry . two shell beads found in skhul cave on the slopes of mount carmel , israel are thought to be 100 , 000 years old , whilst another found at oued djebbana , algeria is believed to be 90 , 000 years old . a further group of pierced shells , some with red ochre , has been recovered from the aterian levels at the taforalt site in morocco ; these nassarius gibbosulus beads have been securely dated to about 82 , 000 years ago . [ 2 ]
bouchet , p . ; gofas , s . ( 2010 ) . nassarius duméril , 1806 . in : bouchet , p . ; gofas , s . ; rosenberg , g . ( 2010 ) world marine mollusca database . accessed through : world register of marine species at urltoken on 2010 - 11 - 30
nassarius - species dictionary - global : ispot nature - your place to share nature . ispot is a website aimed at helping anyone identify anything in nature . once you ' ve registered , you can add an observation to the website and suggest an identification yourself or see if anyone else can identify it for you .
the genus nassarius has traditionally been subdivided into several subgenera , based on differences in shell morphology , especially the sculpture : aciculina , alectrion , allanassa , nassodonta , niotha , plicarcularia , profundinassa , pygmaeonassa , telasco , and zeuxis . however , this division is difficult to define , resulting in much confusion . even phylogenetic analysis shows that the division into these subgenera appears to be uncertain and unreliable . there seem to be two groups within the genus nassarius with the closest relationship between the subgenera zeuxis and telasco . even the species within the subgenus plicarcularia do not belong to a single clade . in the end , the molecular phylogeny did not match the previous morphological phylogeny . [ 4 ]
haitao li ( 李海涛 ) , duan lin ( 林端 ) , hongda fang ( 方宏达 ) , aijia zhu ( 朱艾嘉 ) and yang gao ( 高阳 ) , species identification and phylogenetic analysis of genus nassarius ( nassariidae ) based on mitochondrial genes , chinese journal of oceanology and limnology , volume 28 , number 3 / may , 2010 , pp . 565 - 572 , doi 10 . 1007 / s00343 - 010 - 9031 - 4
( of hinia frigens malacitanae maldonado quiles , 1973 ) maldonado quiles a . ( 1973 ) . segnalazione di un nassariidae nuovo per il mediterraneo . conchiglie 9 ( 11 - 12 ) : 231 - 234 [ details ]
cernohorsky w . o . ( 1984 ) . systematics of the family nassariidae ( mollusca : gastropoda ) . bulletin of the auckland institute and museum 14 : 1 - 356 . [ details ]
adam w . & knudsen j . 1984 . révision des nassariidae ( mollusca : gastropoda prosobranchia ) de l’afrique occidentale . bulletin de l’institut royal des sciences naturelles de belgique 55 ( 9 ) : 1 - 95 , 5 pl . [ details ]
rolán e . , 2005 . malacological fauna from the cape verde archipelago . part 1 , polyplacophora and gastropoda . ( look up in imis ) [ details ]
( of hinia frigens malacitanae maldonado quiles , 1973 ) cernohorsky w . o . ( 1984 ) . systematics of the family nassariidae ( mollusca : gastropoda ) . bulletin of the auckland institute and museum 14 : 1 - 356 . [ details ]
( of hinia frigens malacitanae maldonado quiles , 1973 ) adam w . & knudsen j . 1984 . révision des nassariidae ( mollusca : gastropoda prosobranchia ) de l’afrique occidentale . bulletin de l’institut royal des sciences naturelles de belgique 55 ( 9 ) : 1 - 95 , 5 pl . [ details ]
census of marine life ( 2012 ) . syndeep : towards a first global synthesis of biodiversity , biogeography and ecosystem function in the deep sea . unpublished data ( datasetid : 8 ) , available online at urltoken [ details ]
f + , w / o , trawled off sumbe at 800 - 1300m . , by local fishermen .
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version 43 . 0 went live 11 / 6 / 2018 - i hope that the majority of issues have been fixed . my email address is on the home page if you see anything wrong .
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- note : several protected species are illustrated here only for identification purposes . they are not for sale . - the photos in our gallery are in most cases just a sample from our stock , except when only one specimen is offered . we try to match the original color but it can vary if your screen is not correctly adjusted ( gamma correction ) .
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depth range based on 3605 specimens in 218 taxa . water temperature and chemistry ranges based on 1024 samples . environmental ranges depth range ( m ) : 0 - 80000 temperature range ( °c ) : 4 . 888 - 28 . 540 nitrate ( umol / l ) : 0 . 033 - 33 . 876 salinity ( pps ) : 18 . 065 - 38 . 201 oxygen ( ml / l ) : 0 . 907 - 6 . 964 phosphate ( umol / l ) : 0 . 063 - 2 . 633 silicate ( umol / l ) : 0 . 380 - 83 . 712 graphical representation depth range ( m ) : 0 - 80000 temperature range ( °c ) : 4 . 888 - 28 . 540 nitrate ( umol / l ) : 0 . 033 - 33 . 876 salinity ( pps ) : 18 . 065 - 38 . 201 oxygen ( ml / l ) : 0 . 907 - 6 . 964 phosphate ( umol / l ) : 0 . 063 - 2 . 633 silicate ( umol / l ) : 0 . 380 - 83 . 712 note : this information has not been validated . check this * note * . your feedback is most welcome .
r . w . dexter , the marine communities of a tidal inlet at cape ann , massachusetts : a study in bio - ecology , ecol . monogr . 17 : 263 - 294 , from p . 284 ( 1947 ) .
the following is a representative barcode sequence , the centroid of all available sequences for this species . no available public dna sequences . download fasta file
species within this genus are found worldwide . these snails usually live on mud flats or sand flats , intertidally or subtidally .
the shells of species in this genus have a relatively high cyrtoconoid ( approaching a conical shape but with convex sides ) spire and a siphonal notch .
is believed to be 90 , 000 years old . a further group of pierced shells , some with red
) . these beads had previously been thought to be the oldest examples of jewelry .
. however , this division is difficult to define , resulting in much confusion . even
shows that the division into these subgenera appears to be uncertain and unreliable . there seem to be two groups within the genus
. in the end , the molecular phylogeny did not match the previous morphological phylogeny .
, most of which have become synonyms . the following species are accepted names according to the
bouzouggar , a . , barton , n . , vanhaeren , m . , d ' errico , f . , collcutt , s . , higham , t . , hodge , e . , parfitt , s . , rhodes , e . , schwenninger , j . - l . , stringer , c . , turner , e . , ward , s . , moutmir , a . and stambouli , a . 2007 .
82 , 000 - year - old shell beads from north africa and implications for the origins of modern human behavior
proceedings of the national academy of sciences , june 4 , 2007 ; urltoken
cernohorsky w . o . ( 1984 ) . systematics of the family nassariidae ( mollusca : gastropoda ) . bulletin of the auckland institute and museum 14 : 1 - 356
bernard , p . a . ( ed . ) ( 1984 ) . coquillages du gabon [ shells of gabon ] . pierre a . bernard : libreville , gabon . 140 , 75 plates pp
kay c . vaught ( 1989 ) . classification of the living mollusca . isbn 978 - 0 - 915826 - 22 - 3 .
wolff , w . j . ; duiven , p . ; esselink , p . ; gueve , a . ( 1993 ) . biomass of macrobenthic tidal flat fauna of the banc d ' arguin , mauritania . hydrobiologia 258 ( 1 - 3 ) : 151 - 163
nassa röding , 1798 for mainly muricid species with the type species : nassa picta röding , 1798 ( = nassa serta ( bruguière , 1798 ) .
in the 19th and much of the 20th century , all species that were added to the genus nassa were nassa mud snails belonging to the family nassariidae . after the rediscovery of röding ' s catalogue of his collection museum boltenianum sive catalogus cimeliorum e tribus regnis naturæ quæ olim collegerat joa . fried bolten , m . d . p . d . per xl . annos proto physicus hamburgensis . pars secunda continens conchylia sive testacea univalvia , bivalvia & multivalvia , the muricid genus nassa röding , 1798 was given priority over the genus nassa named by lamarck .
nassa röding , 1798 . retrieved through : world register of marine species on 24 february 2011 .
nassa francolina ( bruguière , 1789 ) . retrieved through : world register of marine species on 25 april 2010 .
nassa serta ( bruguière , 1789 ) . retrieved through : world register of marine species on 25 april 2010 .
nassa situla ( reeve , 1846 ) . retrieved through : world register of marine species on 25 april 2010 .
nassa tuamotuensis houart , 1996 . retrieved through : world register of marine species on 25 april 2010 .
nassa kraussiana dunker . retrieved through : world register of marine species on 25 april 2010 .
nassa lathraia . retrieved through : world register of marine species on 25 april 2010 .
nassa munda . retrieved through : world register of marine species on 25 april 2010 .
nassa obockensis . retrieved through : world register of marine species on 25 april 2010 .
nassa optima sowerby , 1903 . retrieved through : world register of marine species on 25 april 2010 .
nassa pulla ( linnaeus , 1758 ) . retrieved through : world register of marine species on 25 april 2010 .
nassa steindachneri . retrieved through : world register of marine species on 25 april 2010 .
nassa stiphra . retrieved through : world register of marine species on 25 april 2010 .
nassa xesta . retrieved through : world register of marine species on 25 april 2010 .
houart r . ( 1996 ) the genus nassa röding 1798 in the indo - west pacific ( gastropoda : prosobranchia : muricidae : rapaninae ) . archiv für molluskenkunde 126 ( 1 - 2 ) : 51 - 63
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maldonado quiles a . ( 1973 ) . segnalazione di un nassariidae nuovo per il mediterraneo .
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xix iberian symposium on marine biology studies , porto , portugal , 5 sep - 9 sep , 2016 .
oñate sc , ramil f , mohamed s and ramos a ( 2016 ) . contribution to the knowledge of prosobranchs of mauritanian deep - waters ( northwest africa ) .
front . mar . sci . conference abstract : xix iberian symposium on marine biology studies .
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kay c . vaught ( 1989 ) . classification of the living mollusca . isbn 978 - 0 - 915826 - 22 - 3 .
locard a . ( 1886 ) . prodrome de malacologie française . catalogue général des mollusques vivants de france . mollusque marins . lyon , h . georg & paris , baillière : pp . x + 778
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eulamprotes plumbella is a moth of the gelechiidae family .

it has a local distribution in central and northern europe .

the wingspan is 10 – 11 mm .

adults are on wing from june to july .

eulamprotes plumbella

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a new species of fish , pseudoliparis swirei , published in zootaxa ( 4358 : 161 - 177 ) by gerringer , m . e et al . was voted among top 10 new species described in 2017 .
a new species of madagascan crickets described by mustafa ünal and george beccaloni in zootaxa was featured in a national geographic story . well done mustafa and george !
a new species of wolf spider , lycosa aragogi , is named after aragog—the famous fictional spider from “harry potter” book series by j . k . rowling . the new species is similar to the animatronic puppet version of the character used in the film “harry potter and the chamber of secrets” , which is actually based on a wolf spider . the naming of the new species is dedicated to the 20th anniversary of harry potter book series .
mariah o . pfleger , r . dean grubbs , charles f . cotton , toby s . daly - engel
identification of nipaecoccus ( hemiptera : coccomorpha : pseudococcidae ) species in the united states , with descriptions of nipaecoccus bromelicola sp . n . and the male of n . floridensis beardsley
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a very rare species . in germany only known from a few scattered records in hessen , niedersachsen and bayern ( haslberger et al . 2016 ) .
zoographia germaniae is authored and maintained by niko prpic - schäper . contact information : see here
copyright © nikola - michael prpic - schäper . all rights reserved . | last update : april 20 , 2016
confused by a class within a class or an order within an order ? please see our brief essay .
to cite this page : myers , p . , r . espinosa , c . s . parr , t . jones , g . s . hammond , and t . a . dewey . 2018 . the animal diversity web ( online ) . accessed at https : / / animaldiversity . org .
disclaimer : the animal diversity web is an educational resource written largely by and for college students . adw doesn ' t cover all species in the world , nor does it include all the latest scientific information about organisms we describe . though we edit our accounts for accuracy , we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts . while adw staff and contributors provide references to books and websites that we believe are reputable , we cannot necessarily endorse the contents of references beyond our control .
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adults of ssp. nigritarsis are uniform greyish red , of ssp. albipuncta dark , dull , brick-red and xanthochroa dark and mottled with broad areas of paler colour .

the larvae feed on hibiscus and urena species .

anomis nigritarsis

anomis nigritarsis is a species of moth of the erebidae family . it is found in sri lanka , india , china ( hainan ) , taiwan , borneo , java , sulawesi , the moluccas , queensland , new caledonia , the solomon islands , vanuatu , fiji , samoa and tonga .
adults of ssp . nigritarsis are uniform greyish red , of ssp . albipuncta dark , dull , brick - red and xanthochroa dark and mottled with broad areas of paler colour .
select a genera ossonoba walker - ossonoba torpida walker falana moore - falana sordida moore - falana bilineata sp . n . savara walker - savara anomioides walker stat . rev . - savara contraria walker - savara pallidapex sp . n . - savara latimargo walker - savara biradulata sp . n . anomis hübner -
anomis
albipunctula hampson -
anomis
cupienda swinhoe -
anomis
discisigna hampson comb . n . rusicada walker - rusicada nigritarsis walker comb . rev . - rusicada revocans walker comb . n . - rusicada combinans walker stat . rev . & comb . n . - rusicada prima swinhoe comb . n . - rusicada leucolopha prout comb . n . - rusicada albitibia walker comb . n . cosmophila boisduval - cosmophila flava fabricius comb . rev . - cosmophila lyona swinhoe comb . rev . - cosmophila scitipennis walker comb . rev . - cosmophila guttanivis walker comb . n . gonitis guenée - gonitis involuta walker comb . rev . - gonitis sumatrana swinhoe comb . n . - gonitis mesogona walker comb . rev . lineopalpa guenée - lineopalpa horsfieldi guenée - lineopalpa orsara swinhoe - lineopalpa birena holloway - lineopalpa dealbata prout comb . n . arthisma moore - arthisma scissuralis moore - arthisma rectilinea roepke - arthisma amisa swinhoe comb . n . dinumma walker - dinumma combusta walker - dinumma spiculata sp . n . - dinumma oxygrapha snellen
walker are distinguished by the reniform where the posterior lobe is smaller than the anterior one , rather than equal to it or larger . the average direction of the zig - zag anterior part of the postmedial is oblique to the costa in
. in both species the setose projections from the anellar attachment to the aedeagus are asymmetrical and the valve coremata have the setal bases entirely pale . in the females the lobes of the lamella postvaginalis are broader at the base than they are long . those of
have an angular process between the lobes of the lamella postvaginalis , and there is a diverticulum at the base of the ductus bursae .
but mottled with broad areas of paler colour . new caledonian material is somewhat intermediate between
sri lanka , india , hainan , taiwan , borneo , java ; sulawesi , moluccas , queensland , new caledonia ( ssp .
. the general distribution suggests a preference for seasonally dry areas of the tropics . in new caledonia ( holloway , 1979 ) and fiji ( robinson , 1975 ) the species was taken mostly in open , disturbed or secondary habitats . in borneo a female was recorded in an area of coastal and secondary vegetation at seria in brunei .
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cook islands islands : rr = rarotonga , mg = mangaia , at = ‘ātiu , mk = ma‘uke , mt = miti‘āro , ak = aitutaki , pl = palmerston , pn = penrhyn , mn = manuae , tk = takūtea , tn = tongareva ( ts = tongaleva spoken , tw = tongareva written , they say
el
but write
r
) , mh = manihiki , rk = rakahanga , pk = pukapuka , ns = nassau , sw = suwarrow . after a polynesian name : ^ = orthography query . countries and other : fij = fiji , wt = wallis & futuna , sam = samoa , ton = tonga , niu = niue , ck = cook islands , ckm = cook islands māori , fp = french polynesia , aus = australs , soc = societies , tah = tahiti , tua = tuamotus , mqs = marquesas , mng = mangareva , pit = pitcain group , eas = easter island , haw = hawai‘i , nz = new zealand , nzm = new zealand māori
mccormack , gerald ( 2007 ) cook islands biodiversity database , version 2007 . 2 . cook islands natural heritage trust , rarotonga . online at http : / / cookislands . bishopmuseum . org .
copyright © 2007 ( july ) the cook islands natural heritage trust , all rights reserved . copyright & use policy
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species catalog enables to sort by characteristics such as expansion , flight time , etc . .


the lemon-bellied flyrobin or lemon-bellied flycatcher ( microeca flavigaster ) is a species of bird in the family petroicidae .

found in australia , indonesia , and papua new guinea , its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical mangrove forests .

lemon - bellied flyrobin

sources - research on darwin lemon - bellied flyrobins by dr richard noske published in wingspan summer 2011 and personal observations .
birding around the edith falls campground was also very pleasant . the common birds were northern rosella , silver - crowned friarbird , lemon - bellied flyrobin ( formally called lemon - bellied flycatcher ) , little shrike - thrush , yellow oriole , australian figbird , pied butcherbird and great bowerbird , plus a range of the more common honeyeater . while along the leliyn trail , a 2 . 6 km circuit that leads up the middle and upper pools , i saw crested shrike - tit ( northern race whitei ) , as well as little woodswallow , little shrike - thrush , banded and bar - breasted honeyeater .
while only one egg per clutch is laid , and only one brood per season , the lemon - bellied flyrobin has two distinct breeding seasons . the first is march / april and the second starts in august . our bird times it well , as the breeding seasons sit between the coolest months and the wettest months and coincide with peak flying insects in the mangroves where they often nest . cooperative breeding behaviour has been observed , with help provided by likely offspring from previous broods .
next we take the turn off to bird billabong in mary river national park , and do a 4 kilometre ( return ) walk through bushland and floodplain to the bird billabong hide , with views of magpie geese , intermediate egret , little egret , great egret , cattle egret , pied heron , white - necked heron , royal spoonbill , little black cormorant , black - fronted dotterel , black - necked stork and often some estuarine crocodiles and many bush birds , including rufous whistler , red - backed fairy - wren , gouldian finch , masked finch , double - barred finch , long - tailed finch , azure kingfisher and lemon - bellied flyrobin .
as with many australian passerines , male lemon - bellied flyrobins are accomplished mimickers . they have been heard imitating beach stone - curlews , grey - tailed tattlers , figbirds and mistletoebirds . i have seen a male at the top of his tree belting out the harsh metallic sounds of a spangled drongo . it lacked the depth and volume of the drongo but the rendition was unmistakeable . the female must have been very impressed , i was !
the lemon - bellied flyrobins breeding cycle shows the bird has a style that is very unique . is it successful ? in terms of its relative abundance within the many habitats it chooses to live in , the answer is definitely yes ! at risk of sounding anthropomorphic , this bold little bird likes to be seen and heard . it will approach human observers and follow them . my theory is that it knows we attract flies and is hoping for a feeding opportunity .
del hoyo , j . , collar , n . & christie , d . a . ( 2018 ) . kimberley flyrobin ( microeca tormenti ) . in : del hoyo , j . , elliott , a . , sargatal , j . , christie , d . a . & de juana , e . ( eds . ) . handbook of the birds of the world alive . lynx edicions , barcelona . ( retrieved from urltoken on 9 july 2018 ) .
typically , great bowerbird was a common campground bird , as were red - collared lorikeet , blue - faced honeyeater , little and silver - crowned friarbird . aside from that , birds i saw around the campground included red - backed kingfisher , pheasant coucal , red - winged parrot , white - breasted woodswallow , white - bellied cuckoo - shrike , spangled drongo , paperbark flycatcher and crimson finch . an unusual sight was seeing blue - winged kookaburra hunting insects at night at the street lamp near the campground . at night i heard large - tailed nightjar , australian owlet - nightjar , barking owl and southern boobook . also in the campground i saw northern delta , while agile wallaby were everywhere .
while driving the victoria hwy , i tended to stopped and look in any flowering tree . at one spot there was desert bloodwood ( corymbia terminalis ) that was flowering prolifically . like the tree at the victorian roadhouse , it proved a magnet for nectar feeding honeyeaters and lorikeets . the list of species in this one tree was outstanding . how this for a list ! varied and red - collared lorikeet , little friarbird , banded , bar - breasted , yellow - tinted , rufous - throated , white - throated , white - gaped and brown honeyeater , white - bellied cuckoo - shrike , varied sittella ( race leucoptera , the ‘white - winged sittella’ ) and rufous whistler . that’s basically the fool gambit of northern woodland honeyeaters all in one tree ! beautiful .
i also travelled down to the road to katherine gorge to check out donkey camp weir . a reliable place to see great - billed heron , tthe entrance to the weir is 10 km from katherine ( 500 m past the kumbidgee tea rooms ) . i parked at the pumping station and walked down to stream to the weir . no great - billed heron , but did flush a black bittern from some clumps of river pandan , the second time i saw this species on this trip . seeing itmade me think of the first black bittern . when i was 17 , dad and i saw a bird along carnavon gorge in central queensland . some of the other birds seen near the weir included nankeen night - heron , white - bellied sea - eagle , northern rosella , red - winged parrot , black - tailed treecreeper , striated pardalote , northern fantail , little woodswallow , crimson long - tailed and masked finch .
nawulbinbin walk and joe’s creek picnic area it’s worth having lunch beneath the towering foothills and escarpment along the nawulbinbin walk , a 1 . 7 km loop . it starts from the joe’s creek picnic area located off the victoria hwy 10 km west of victoria river roadhouse . the nawulbinbin walk leads from the picnic area up a steep rocky slope to the base of the escarpment where you will see fantastic examples of aboriginal rock art , masses of striking victoria river palm on the scree slopes and the intriguing ngabujbu fern . as said , it’s a good spot to do around lunchtime because it isn’t until the afternoon that the sun reaches the walk due the shade created by the large cliffs . the walk is a good spot to look for white - quilled rock - pigeon and sandstone shrike - thrush , and it’s a great place to see northern fantail . listening to their call , they sounds remarkably like western gerygone . on the road into joe’s creek , i saw a few of the white - bellied of spinifex pigeon , which the only place i saw this species at gregory .
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del hoyo , j . , collar , n . j . , christie , d . a . , elliott , a . , fishpool , l . d . c . , boesman , p . and kirwan , g . m . 2016 . hbw and birdlife international illustrated checklist of the birds of the world . volume 2 : passerines . lynx edicions and birdlife international , barcelona , spain and cambridge , uk .
microeca flavigaster and m . tormenti ( del hoyo and collar 2016 ) were previously lumped as m . flavigaster following christidis and boles ( 2008 ) and sibley and monroe ( 1990 , 1993 ) .
justification : this species has an extremely large range , and hence does not approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the range size criterion ( extent of occurrence < 20 , 000 km2 combined with a declining or fluctuating range size , habitat extent / quality , or population size and a small number of locations or severe fragmentation ) . the population trend appears to be stable , and hence the species does not approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the population trend criterion ( > 30 % decline over ten years or three generations ) . the population size has not been quantified , but it is not believed to approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the population size criterion ( < 10 , 000 mature individuals with a continuing decline estimated to be > 10 % in ten years or three generations , or with a specified population structure ) . for these reasons the species is evaluated as least concern .
the global population size has not been quantified . trend justification : the population is suspected to be stable in the absence of evidence for any declines or substantial threats .
( amended version of 2017 assessment ) . the iucn red list of threatened species 2017 : e . t103736933a118827297 .
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keith and lynn youngs , herve jacob , pieter de groot boersma , eldert groenewoud , colintrainor , greg baker .
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recording trimmed and amplified . dry savannah woodland . bird not seen . likely to be subsong - see discussion in forum ( 21482 ) .
two short phrases at start and finish of the track , a poorly known taxon .
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myavibase allows you to create and manage your own lifelists , and produce useful reports to help you plan your next birding excursion .
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microeca flavigaster flavigaster : northern territory ( arnhem land , melville i . , groote eylandt
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gill , frank , and minturn wright , 2006 : null . birds of the world : recommended english names . ix + 259 .
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mary _ river % 2c _ northern _ territory % 2c _ australia _ 8 _ august _ 2010 _ 690v8591 _ - _ flickr _ - _ lip _ kee . jpg
file : mary river , northern territory , australia 8 august 2010 690v8591 - flickr - lip kee . jpg
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join us for a seven day six night darwin , mary river , kakadu , katherine and litchfield total immersion in top end birding and nature .
nature ' s way is the description used for the triangular route from darwin to jabiru to pine creek and return to darwin that takes you through the best of kakadu national park and then the tropical savannah woodland along stuart highway and back to darwin . this itinerary is ideal for photography as it allows plenty of time in each location .
we start with a day in the darwin and fogg dam area and then the mary river region . after two days in kakadu we go to katherine , pine creek and then return to darwin via litchfield national park on day seven’s return journey . this tour start with an early pick up from your accommodation in darwin . included are all touring costs , kakadu national park entry fees , breakfast , lunch and two course dinner . accommodation is comfortable room with queen and single bed , ensuite and air - conditioning . cold water , tea , coffee and snacks are available at any time . also included is a yellow waters cruise at cooinda . this tour is only available as a private charter . maximum is 5 people .
pick up from darwin accommodation - 7 . 00am we start with visits to habitats rich in bird - life in and around darwin . within minutes of leaving the city , we visit monsoon forest in search of the endemic rainbow pitta , rose - crowned fruit - dove , varied triller and brown whistler ; then we go to a nearby rocky coastline in search of shorebirds , sacred kingfisher and brahminy kite .
we take the boardwalk that goes right through the mangroves to the mudflats , with a pleasant landing that allows us to sit , listen and observe while various waders , red - headed honeyeaters , broad - billed flycatchers , collared kingfishers , and others come into sight . after visiting some savannah woodland habitat for forest kingfisher , double - barred and long - tailed finch , red - tailed black cockatoo , spangled drongo and others , we head out to the wetlands of fogg dam conservation reserve .
we stop at adelaide river bridge and search for mangrove golden whistler then continue on to the mary river wilderness retreat and compare notes on sightings for the day . listen for bush stone - curlew , tawny frogmouth and barking owl at night .
dinner and accommodation is in a comfortable , air - conditioned bush bungalow at mary river wilderness retreat .
then we head back to our accommodation at mary river wilderness retreat , where we have the opportunity to bird along some of the wildlife tracks at the park . we have dinner at the restaurant and compare notes on sightings for the day . listen for bush stone - curlew , tawny frogmouth and barking owl at night .
we leave early for kakadu national park , stopping at south alligator river for a bush breakfast and search for mangrove species , and then stop at the mamukala bird hide . we do the four kilometre loop walk then stop at the hide .
after a picnic lunch at ubirr , we explore the manngarre monsoon forest walk , cahill’s crossing and bardedjilidji sandstone escarpment walks , searching out some kakadu escarpment endemics such as chestnut - quilled rock - pigeon and white - lined honeyeater .
other species on our target list are partridge pigeon , rainbow pitta , shining flycatcher , northern fantail , arafura fantail , little red flying fox and short - eared rock wallaby . we take in some spectacular ancient rock art and a magnificent view across the nadab floodplain .
dinner and bird call and accommodation at jabiru and some nearby nightspotting for nocturnal species .
after an early morning continental breakfast we head out to the burrunggui rock and anbangbang area ( nourlangie ) . here there is more ancient aboriginal rock art , and more endemic species such as banded fruit - dove , sandstone shrike - thrush , sandstone helmeted friarbird and black wallaroo . other species we will look for include emerald dove , northern rosella , partridge pigeon and spangled drongo .
we have a picnic lunch at anbangbang billabong while scoping for wetland species then return to cooinda resort . here we either take some time out to relax by the pool or visit the warradjan cultural centre which offers an amazing insight into local aboriginal culture and history . there is also a well stocked cultural and natural history bookstore and authentic souvenir shop .
we pause on sunset and take a few minutes to absorb the splendour of the location as the sun dips below the horizon , often with hundreds of birds flying overhead to their night roosts . then it’s the short drive back to the resort to freshen up and have dinner .
we have breakfast at 6 . 30am at the resort , then depart jabiru via kakadu highway . we explore some more areas of southern kakadu on the way out . the country changes and so do the bird sighting possibilities . we look out for australian bustard in flat open plains and stop at potential gouldian finch haunts .
we have morning tea near the south alligator river , on kakadu highway , continue on to pine creek , and then head south to the fergusson river and edith falls . here there are some reliable areas for gouldian finch and hooded parrot ! other target species here are banded honeyeater , bar - breasted honeyeater , rufous - throated honeyeater , budgerigar , cockatiel , red - winged parrot , varied lorikeet , great bowerbird and grey - crowned babbler .
we now head north to a special location alongside a river bed where gouldians , hooded parrots , northern rosellas , cockatiels and many other birds come to drink early in the morning .
we have lunch at copperfield dam and continue on to pine creek where we check out various areas including the sewerage ponds and cemetery near pine creek for pink - eared duck , black - fronted dotterell , jacky winter and various raptors . in pine creek itself we usually see hooded parrots , grey - crowned bablers , blue - faced honeyeaters and red - winged parrots .
we stop for a coffee break at bridge creek waterhole and then the small historic township of adelaide river .
we enter litchfield national park , visiting and stop to look at some magnificent waterfalls and the wildlife in the area . here we often find dingo , short - eared rock wallaby , olive python , merton’s water monitor , spangled drongo , blue - winged kookaburra , great bowerbird , pheasant coucal , pied butcherbird and silver - backed butcherbird . this is also one of the few locations where the amazing magnetic termite mounds are found .
we head back to darwin now via the back route which takes over the beautiful finniss river . both estuarine and johnston’s crocodiles are present here . if there is time we will visit charles darwin national park which is a great site for northern rosella and helmeted friarbird . also mangrove birds such as mangrove robin , black butcherbird , red - headed honeyeater , yellow white - eye , large - billed gerygone and varied triller .
please note : the above itinerary is based on the outcomes of many previous tours to the areas described . each season is different and as various wildlife observing opportunities arise and depending on the preferences of the group , adjustments will be made .
inclusions - two nights at mary river wilderness retreat , two nights at jabiru , one night at katherine , one night at pine creek , yellow waters sunset cruise , all meals , kakadu park entry fees . cold water , tea and coffee and refreshments available at all times . gst .
exclusions - alcoholic drinks , purchases of a personal nature such as souvenirs , internet use , etc .
booking procedure when you are ready to book , you can book online directly or contact us and we will email you an invoice a 20 % deposit secures the booking , the balance is due 30 days prior to start of tour .
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previously regarded as a full species , but since 1984 lumped with m . flavigaster owing to narrow band of hybridization # r . differs , however , in its white vs yellow underparts ( 3 ) ; grey - brown vs olive - brown upperparts and browner tail ( 2 ) ; slightly larger overall size , best manifest in tail and tarsus lengths # r # r ( allow 1 ) ; confinement to mangroves ( 1 ) ; hbw also refers to whitish spot on inner webs of outer three rectrices , suggesting score of 2 , but other literature omits mention of this character . narrow hybrid zone , however , adds a score of 2 ; morphometrics and confinement to mangroves place this hybrid population with present species rather than with m . flavigaster . monotypic .
what do ( 1 ) and ( 2 ) mean ? learn more about the scoring system .
nw australia : coastal n western australia ( king sound e to napier broome bay ) .
14–15 cm ; male 11–14 g , female 10–13 g . adult has grey head with narrow supraloral line extending narrowly above and just behind eye ; upperparts grey - brown , washed olive on . . .
song a series of rich and varied clear whistles , e . g . “chew - chew - swee - so - wu - chew” , sometimes given . . .
small arthropods . forages at all levels from ground to canopy , but mostly on trunk , by gleaning , and in air , by sallying and flycatching .
eggs in oct–dec . territorial throughout year ; male has lark - like song flight . nest a very small , shallow cup made of grass and bark fibres . . .
not globally threatened ( least concern ) . restricted - range species : confined to a relatively small part of the north - west australia eba . uncommon . has relatively small range . . .
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first is that its nest is the smallest of all australian birds . the nest is tiny and blends in with the tree fork in which it is built . without the bird sitting on it , it is difficult to spot the nest at all . as can be seen in the photos , the nest is a tiny shallow rim of fine strips of bark and grass , tightly bound with spiders’ webs . pieces of bark on the outside help it blend in to the tree limb so that it is well camouflaged . there is plenty of room for the mother and egg / chick until the later stages of brooding ( 11 - 12 days ) when the mother struggles to find room .
yes , egg , not eggs , as only one is laid . at 18 % of the female’s body weight , the egg is enormous for a passerine . the female incubates the egg without the help of the male . it has been observed that she spends very little time on the nest during the heat of the day but more in the earlier and later part of the day . where other female brooding insectivorous species spend an average of about 65 % of the day brooding , this species spends an average of only 30 % of the time on the nest . it may be assumed that this is possible only because of the consistently warm temperatures in the birds range during its breeding seasons . of the seven australian passerines that lay a single egg per clutch , only two are tree - nesters ( cicadabird and varied triller ) .
the incubation period is about 14 days , brooding 11 - 12 days and the birds fledge 18 - 21 days after hatching .
* nominate species occurs in nt , two other sub species exist , some with variations to the behaviour discussed here .
this song was loud and quite unlike any microeca , i think there were two birds interacting with the presumed male singing loudly . odd how the bird looks so like an australasian robin as well .
high pitched calls ( e . g . the first note on cut ) . feeding and calling quite high in a tangle of vines
well , another new year crept up on us once again and once again i will commit to listing on the website ! this all started way back in 2012 and several of us continued on in 2013 , 2014 , 2015 and 2016 . just looking at everyone’s lists over the years you can see how varied our birding lives can be .
as usual we got out and about on new year’s day and got the first one hundred birds onto the list , so now it will be a little harder or it means we need to travel beyond the town of broome ! every year is different around broome and with a few very dry years behind us and finally some much needed tropical rain we can hope to see some interesting birds arrive . the ephemeral lakes are finally filling up after completely drying out and the arrival of hundreds of magpie geese rather than a dozen or so is a welcome surprise . our local australasian swamphen population had left when the last lake dried out , but finally we have seen the return of several dozen . it seems that the bird - life is well aware of a good “wet” season this year and are arriving in force ! it may well make it very hard for us to access some local ephemeral lakes , but we are very keen walkers and so we won’t be deterred if we can avoid it !
on 29th december a pair of gouldian finch were observed some distance from town feeding with a flock of long - tailed finches and zebra finches . the black - headed gouldian finches have remained in the same area feeding on the grass seeds with the other finches and were our 75th bird for 2017 and the male gouldian finch features in the header photo . it is not the brightest photo of a brightly coloured bird , but it was sat with its mate in the shadows and i don’t believe in disturbing birds for a better photo ! it is a delight to have such a beautiful bird make it to broome , because generally you need to travel a few hours to see them in the kimberley . a variety of weather events will cause birds to wander further in different years and we have noticed this over the years that we have lived in broome . our garden list goes back many years and is updated each week and there are some obvious changes when you look back . no longer do we have flocks of long - tailed finches in our garden , but instead we have large flocks of double - barred finches .
once again i will use “broome” to imply any bird that is no further than 70 kilometres from the broome bird observatory , because that was a parameter set up many years ago . i will link past posts on species i observe where applicable and for any other posts you can click on clare m . i have used “christidis and boles 2008 key to species names” until now , but due to the fact that it is not going to be updated into the future i will start to use the latest birdlife australia rarites committee list using ioc names .
there is as usual no plan for the year ahead , but i can assure you it will involve birding each and every day . this is just observing nature around ourselves and enjoying whatever crosses our path . it is all about enjoying life and you won’t find me on social media ! i may not even have phone reception for some days during the year , such is life in remote australia ! thankfully i can post in advance and just “go bush” !
this list was last updated december 27th 2017 . the bird species encountered in the uk are tagged on the bottom starting with the first bird in blue writing !
clare and her husband , grant , have lived permanently in broome , western australia since 1999 after living in various outback locations around western australia and darwin . she has lived in the middle east and the united states and traveled extensively in europe . she monitors pied oystercatchers breeding along a 23km stretch of broome ' s coastline by bicycle and on foot . she chooses not to participate in social media , but rather wander off into the bush for peace and tranquility . thankfully she can write posts in advance and get away from technology !
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fb , by james hogg : i always seem to end up at a se . . .
tempted to buy this beer just for the design , love it ! . . .
still going strong . bravo ! i know where you are coming fro . . .
© 2013 10 , 000 birds . all words , images , and opinions are the property of their respective authors unless stated otherwise .
drinking gouldian finch , with the odd masked and long - tailed finch thrown in .
this report covers a recent trip to the southern part of the top end . a superb birding area – it’s a mecca for finches for instance – these are the places ~ 300 to ~ 500 km south of darwin . this report covers a trip i did there in late october ( the end of the dry season ) in 2015 . for ease of reading , my report’s divided into three parts : 1 . gregory ( judbarra ) national park , 2 . victoria hwy and 3 . nitmiluk ( katherine gorge ) national park .
here’s the scenario . fly out of melbourne ( victoria ) at 6 : 00am . arrive in darwin ( northern territory ) at 11 : 00am . pick up hire car and supplies . drive 600 km to the victoria river roadhouse in gregory national park near the western australian border . arrived in time to drink a cold beer under the shade of a flowering desert bloodwood ( corymbia terminalis ) that’s full of varied lorikeet and honeyeaters such as banded and bar - breasted honeyeater , all flittering about its blossoms . how good is that ! as you can imagine , i slept well that night .
so , where to begin . i had several aims while visiting gregory national park . my first was to track down some full - breeding plumage purple - crowned fairy - wren . a stunning bird , i’d seen them before , but never in full - breeding plumage . after that , i wanted to explore the region for a couple of days , look for the some of the escarpment birds such as white - quilled rock - pigeon , visit a few birding sites a bit further west , and see some of the regions wonderful finches , such as gouldian and star finch and yellow - rumped manikin . that’s not asking too much .
some background notes and where to stay first , a bit of background to gregory national park . it’s ~ 160 km west of katherine on the victoria hwy and covers 1 . 3 million ha , which is big . it’s was described to me by a friend of mine , tim bawden , as the most beautiful place in australia . this becuase it featuring open woodlands that are dissected by fantastic rugged escarpments and deep gorges . the magnificent victoria river carves and weaves its way through the top end of the park . to me , it reminds me of the area around the lawn hill in north - west queensland . indeed , there are a lot of parallels in terms of plants , animals , birds and the landscape generally . in my opinion , tim b was right , gregory national park is one of the most beautiful places in australia !
at gregory , i camped at the victoria river roadhouse . in october , and the late dry generally , staying at the roadhouse was a good option . they had some large trees that provided permanent shade , and showers . the average temperature was around 38 d , so the order of the day was cold showers . there are also basic cabins here . note , another option for camping is at sullivan creek , located on the banks of a permanent waterhole , 17 km east of the victoria river roadhouse . it’s small , but not a bad campsite . ther’s also a caravan park at timber creek , and a range of campsite in the south end of the park .
my hire car for the trip was a 2015 mitsubishi outlander , which proved a perfect car . being awd , it can travel all the roads in the places i’ve mentioned . in addition , the new outlander is designed so you can sleep full length in the back .
a final thing to note . when packing your bags for the top end don’t bother packing warm cloths , such as jumpers , warm long trousers , etc . you’ll never wear them . for example , to give you an example of the heat , while showering , i never used the hot water , the cold water was always warm to hot .
plants of gregory national park here’s a quick rundown on the plants at gregory national park . it’s an extremely remote area , and features tropical and semi - arid plant life . there are a number of iconic trees in the park .
another of the iconic trees of the park if the victoria river palm ( livistona victoriae ) . it’s confined to sandstone range country where it grows in escarpment gullies and along streams where there’s permanent seepage water available for its roots . when you first drive into gregory national park the sheer majesty of these trees is one of the first things you notice . the height of the trunk up to 18 m high . the fruit was an important food source for the local aboriginal people , and the fronds were useful as place mats and for covering food in bush ovens .
aside from those two trees , the two most prominent woodland tree species were small - fruited bloodwood ( corymbia dichromophloia ) and northern white gum ( eucalyptus brevifolia ) . while the plateau side slopes and valley are dominated by darwin box ( e . tectifica ) and desert bloodwood ( c . terminalis ) woodland with a tussock grass and curly spinifex ( triodia bitextura ) understorey . in the open - woodlands , you also find jigal tree ( lysiphyllum cunninghamii ) and turpentine ( acacia lysiphloia ) .
along the ephemeral creek line and the banks of the victoria river , there were northern swamp box ( lophosyemon grandiflorus ) , durin ( terminalia platyphylla ) , ghost gum ( c . papuana ) , broad - leaved paperbark ( melaleuca leucadendra ) , canary cheesewood ( nauclea orientalis ) , river red gum ( e . camaldulensis ) and the iconic boab ( adansonii gregorii ) .
in addition , it’s here that you’ll find river pandan ( pandanus aquaticus ) , leichhardt tree ( nauclea orientalis ) , freshwater mangrove ( barringtonia acutangula ) , and grasses such as river grass ( chionachne cyathopoda ) , grass ( mneisthea rottboellioides ) , black speargrass ( heteropogon contortus ) and dardy’s oats ( arundinella nepalensis ) . the grasses are important , as they hold the banks together when the river floods and , they are of course the favoured habitat of spectacular purple - crowned fairy - wren .
if you have time to look , there’s a few rare species limited to the park . eucalyptus gregoriensi , first noticed in 1996 and only named in 1998 is a white stemmed , small tree that’s known from four places on the sandstone plateau in the west of the park . melaleuca triumphalis was also first discovered in 1996 and is only known from the victoria river gorge in the eastern sector of the gregory national park . in the northern territory grevillea miniata is found exclusively in the park , while the rare wattle acacia stipulosa occurs around the paperbark yard camp . there are also several small woodlands of lancewood ( acacia shirleyi ) , the most westerly recorded for this wattle species .
the main weed problem in the park is devil’s claw ( harpagophytum procumbens ) , a native to south africa . the dried plant are capable of working their way into the mouths and hooves of the larger mammals , causing injury and discomfort . as a result , each year the park hosts the “devil’s claw festival” , an eradication program run by park staff and volunteers . now that’s a great idea . a public festival to eradicate weeds ! perhaps an idea for other national parks in australia to think about .
animals of gregory the main macropods i saw while visiting gregory were common wallaroo ( macropus robustu ) , antilopine wallaroo ( macropus antilopinus ) and agile wallaby ( macropus agilis ) , the latter very common around the victoria roadhouse . northern nailtail wallaby ( onychogalea unguifera ) also occur at gregory national park , and amongst the rocks look for wikins’ ( formerly short - eared ) rock wallaby ( petrogale wilkinsi ) – a species that’s easy to see at nourlangie rock in kakadu . the incredibly cute spectacled hare - wallaby ( lagorchestes conspicillatus ) is also patchily distributed in the gregory .
sugar glider ( petaurus breviceps ) , like wikins’ rock wallaby , is another species that may be a new species , known as the northern sugar glider ( see urltoken ) , being spit from the sugar glider species found in southern australia .
there’s nine introduced fauna species are recorded for judbarra including donkey , feral horse , feral cattle , water buffalo , camel , wild pig , rabbit , cat , black rat and , of course , domestic mouse .
there is a fantastic array of reptiles at gregory national park , with 76 species recorded . the waterways are home to large numbers of both estuarine crocodiles ( crocodylus porosus ) and freshwater crocodiles ( crocodylus johnstoni ) . in terms of lizards , there’s 13 gecko species and approx . 30 skink species . monitors to look for ridge - tailed monitor ( varanus acanthurus ) , pygmy mulga monitor ( v . gilleni ) , long - tailed rock monitor ( v . glebopalma ) , pygmy rock monitor ( v . kingorum ) , yellow - spotted monitor ( v . panoptes ) , sand goanna ( v . gouldii ) and merten’s water monitor ( v . mertensi ) . many of the monitors are considered vulnerable because of their propensity to eat cane toads and die from the ingested toxins .
interestingly thorny devil ( moloch horridus ) has been recorded at judbarra , representing the northern extension of its range . other lizards to look for include slender blue - tongued lizard ( cyclodomorphus melanops ) , common blue - tongued lizard ( tiliqua . scincoides ) and centralian blue - tongued lizard ( t . multifasciata ) , as well as two - lined dragon ( diporiphora bilineata ) and gilberts dragon ( lophognathus gilberti ) .
there’s three species legless lizards including hooded scaly foot ( pygopus nigriceps ) , burtons legless lizard ( lialis burtonis ) and sharp - snouted delma ( delma nasuta ) . pig - nosed turtle ( carettochelys insculpta ) , the only living member of the genus carettochelys , has also been recorded in the victoria river .
in terms of frogs , one of the fauna highlights of gregory national park is the magnificent tree frog ( litoria splendida ) . first described in 1977 , it’s a large impressive frog , mostly restricted to the kimberley , but extending eastwards as far as timber creek , jasper gorge and joe creek . while the victoria river contains healthy populations of barramundi , salmon , black and silver bream , which explains why many of the people who visit this area are fishermen .
gregory’s birds gregory has a wide selection of key target species , most notable purple - crowned fairy - wren , white - quilled rock - pigeon and sandstone shrike - thrush . while it is also a brilliant place for australia’s most spectacular finches such as gouldian and star finch and yellow - rumped and pictorella mannikin . other species to think about while birding is chestnut - backed button - quail , pale - vented bush - hen and varied lorikeet . both victoria river and gregory national park also seem to generate more than their fair share of grey falcon sightings . interestingly masked owl is also known to occur on the gregory national park , but little is known this population .
the roadhouse while staying at the victoria river roadhouse ( as mentioned in the introduction ) there was a flowering desert bloodwood in the campground . when these trees flower , the nectivorous go crazy ! like a tree flowering along the victoria hwy ( discussed below ) , it was full of lorikeets , both varied and red - collared lorikeet , as well as some honeyeaters such as banded honeyeater and little friarbird . purple - crowned fairy - wren occurs around the victoria river crossing bridge next to the roadhouse . i had a brief look , without any luck .
purple - crowned fairy - wren . not the best shot , another good reason to revisit victoria river .
victoria river boat ramp the victoria river boat ramp is probably the most accessible sites for seeing purple - crowned fairy - wren in the northern territory . living in small family groups , they display a distinct preference for the narrow band of pandanus and cane grass along the riverbanks . as mentioned , one of the main reasons i was at gregory national park was to see purple - crowned fairy - wren in full breeding plumage . i’d seen them before , but in eclipse plumage . they’re an interesting species amongst fairy - wren , and birds generally . most species when they go into an eclipse phase during non - breeding plumage simply revert to a dull grey form of their original self . purple - crowned fairy - wren , by contrast , completely changes into another bird . their plumage is almost as interesting in eclipse as in full breeding plumage . however in full - breeding plumage they are spectacular !
purple - crowed fairy - wren habitat near the victoria river boat ramp . not quite as salubrious as their habitat at lawn hill ( qld ) .
as one of the national park signs said , purple - crowned fairy - wren has high tastes for real estate , with a preference for river frontage . this is certainly true . in fact , if you think about the places they’re found ( victoria river or lawn hill ) , these are some of the most specular and sublime places you ever visit .
i concentrated my search near the victoria river boat ramp , which is located about 1 km south of the victoria river roadhouse . to get there , turn south down the boat ramp access road ( located 500 m west of the roadhouse ) . i got there early , and found the best place to look was the cane grass around the carpark , and the cane grass between the carpark and the boat ramp . indeed , i heard them calling almost immediately within in the first few metres of the walk to the boat ramp ( here - 15 . 630781 , 131 . 133018 ) .
have you ever wondered what the absolute top of the escarpent looks like ? well , here it is . the highest point around .
there was a nice selection honeyeaters in the trees around the boat ramp including white - gaped , rufous - throated , white - throated , brown , blue - faced honeyeater and little and silver - crowned friarbird . in addition , there was pheasant coucal and dollarbird . down near the boat ramp itself azure kingfisher huntered for fish , and crimson finch were common . it’s worth noting that a range of uncommon species have been recorded along the river here , such as pale - vented bush - hen ( in grassy fringes ) , black bittern , star finch and yellow - rumped mannikin .
escarpment walk and around the carpark there are two main things to do when you get to the escarpment walk ( 3 km return ) , accessed from the victoria hwy 2 km west of victoria river roadhouse .
firstly , before heading up the escarpment , stop and bird the grassy areas around the carpark . i found the best time here was immediately after dawn . later in the day ( around 10am ) , it becomes quiet . this carpark is a surprisingly good spot for birding . in fact , it can be fantastic . i visited there a few times , and each time i’ve had several flocks of yellow - rumped mannikin feeding in the grass . in addition , there were crimson , masked , long - tailed and double - barred finch , golden - headed cisticola , a few ground cuckoo - shrike , some very friendly rainbow bee - eater , and several pheasant coucal who bashed around the bushes lookng for grasshoppers . i got the impression that it’s the sort of place where anything can turn up . for instance , previously others have recorded gouldian and star finch and purple - crowned fairy - wren .
fantastic aboriginal art along the nawulbinbin walk . gregory continues to reveal complex aboriginal sites and artwork , likening it in importance to kakadu .
timber creek and policeman’s point from the victoria river roadhouse , i headed west to the township of timber creek . while stopping for lunch , birding around the grassy area in front of the shop was quite good . this spot has become famous because gouldian finch occasionally feed on the lawn and drink at the sprinklers at timber creek . there weren’t any gouldian’s when i was there , but it was quite active . spotted bowerbirds were very tame , and harass me for food scrap . indeed i lost half a salad roll , snatched from my table when i went to the car to get my drink bottle ! large numbers of red - collared lorikeet called from the trees , and several black - chinned ( golden - backed ) honeyeater called in the gums on the south side of the hwy .
double - barred and masked finch , banded and brown honeyeater , just some of the fantastic birds drinking along the victoria river at policeman’s point .
west of timber creek , i specifically wanted to visit policeman’s point ( here - 15 . 630144 , 130 . 476565 ) . it’s a well - known spot for finches , and it didn’t let me down . the birding here was superb ! it’s reach via track that proceeds north off the victoria hwy 4 km west of the township .