it was first found infecting the gills of ophthalmotilapia ventralis in lake tanganyika .

it can be differentiated from its cogenerates by the unique shape of the accessory piece of its male genitalia .

cichlidogyrus sturmbaueri

africa , cichlidogyrus centesimus sp . nov , cichlidogyrus makasai sp . nov , cichlidogyrus sturmbaueri sp . nov , cichlidogyrus vandekerkhovei sp . nov
key words : cichlidogyrus vandekerkhovei sp . nov . ; cichlidogyrus makasai sp . nov . ; cichlidogyrus centesimus sp . nov . ; cichlidogyrus sturmbaueri sp . nov . ; africa
cichlidogyrus sturmbaueri is a species of monopisthocotylean monogenean , belonging in the family dactylogyridae .

' cichlidogyrus sturmbaueri
' is a species of monopisthocotylean monogenean , belonging in the family dactylogyridae .
cichlidogyrus sturmbaueri sp . nov . : ( ap ) accessory piece ; ( db ) dorsal . . . | download scientific diagram
cichlidogyrus makasai is a species of monopisthocotylean monogenean , belonging in the family dactylogyridae .
cichlidogyrus vandekerkhovei is a species of monopisthocotylean monogenean , belonging in the family dactylogyridae .
cichlidogyrus centesimus is a species of monopisthocotylean monogenean , belonging in the family dactylogyridae .
cichlidogyrus berminensis is a species of monopisthocotylean monogenean , belonging in the family dactylogyridae .
cichlidogyrus gillesi is a species of monopisthocotylean monogenean , belonging in the family dactylogyridae .
how can i put and write and define cichlidogyrus in a sentence and how is the word cichlidogyrus used in a sentence and examples ? 用cichlidogyrus造句 , 用cichlidogyrus造句 , 用cichlidogyrus造句 , cichlidogyrus meaning , definition , pronunciation , synonyms and example sentences are provided by ichacha . net .

' cichlidogyrus berminensis
' is a species of monopisthocotylean monogenean , belonging in the family dactylogyridae .

' cichlidogyrus gillesi
' is a species of monopisthocotylean monogenean , belonging in the family dactylogyridae .

' cichlidogyrus vandekerkhovei
' is a species of monopisthocotylean monogenean , belonging in the family dactylogyridae .

' cichlidogyrus makasai
' is a species of monopisthocotylean monogenean , belonging in the family dactylogyridae .

' cichlidogyrus centesimus
' is a species of monopisthocotylean monogenean , belonging in the family dactylogyridae .
cichlidogyrus is a genus of monopisthocotylean monogeneans , belonging in the family dactylogyridae ( or ancyrocephalidae ) , according to the classification used .
figure 7 . cichlidogyrus sturmbaueri sp . nov . : ( ap ) accessory piece ; ( db ) dorsal transverse bar ; ( da ) dorsal anchor ; ( he ) heel ; ( ma ) male apparatus ; ( pe ) penis ; ( vb ) ventral transverse bar ; ( va ) ventral anchor ; ( i - vii ) uncinuli . scale bar = 30 μm .
the specific epithet , sturmbaueri , is given in honour of prof . christian sturmbauer ( austria ) , specialist in the evolution of tanganyika cichlids and team leader of the expedition in zambia and tanzania during which most of the host fish used in this study was caught .
table 1 : list of the 24 monogenean species of cichlidogyrus reported in lake tanganyika with host specification 10 , 12 , 14 , 15 , 42 , 112 , 113 .
the male reproductive apparatus of c . centesimus sp . nov . is unique within cichlidogyrus because 1 ) it lacks the accessory piece which is associated with the penis of all other cichlidogyrus spp . known ; 2 ) its penis displays a spirally coiled thickening ( a feature observed in other monogenea species such as thaparocleidus chandpuri pariselle , lim & lambert , 2001 ) .
cichlidogyrus makasai sp . nov . is named after the research assistant mr . lawrence makasa ( zambia ) , for his participation and contribution to the field expedition in zambia and tanzania during which most of the specimens for this study were collected .
remarks . cichlidogyrus makasai sp . nov . belongs to the same morphological group of c . vandekerkhovei sp . nov . it can be easily distinguished from the latter species by the relatively longer auricles on the dorsal bar ( smaller in c . makasai sp . nov . than in c . vandekerkhovei sp . nov . ) ; the dorsal bar auricles are significantly longer than those of all other cichlidogyrus spp . and shorter than those of scutogyrus spp . ( see fig . 3 ) .
pariselle , a . & l . euzet . 1995b . gill parasites of the genus cichlidogyrus paperna , 1960 ( monogenea , ancyrocephalidae ) from tilapia guineensis ( bleeker , 1862 ) , with descriptions of six new species . systematic parasitology 30 : 187 - 198 . [ links ]
pariselle , a . & l . euzet . 2003 . four new species of cichlidogyrus ( monogenea : ancyrocephalidae ) , gill parasites of tilapia cabrae ( teleostei : cichlidae ) , with discussion on relative length of haptoral sclerites . folia parasitologica 50 : 195 - 201 . [ links ]
remarks . the haptoral sclerites of c . sturmbaueri sp . nov . belongs to the group with short uncinuli i and long uncinuli iii to vii such as c . aegypticus ergens , 1981 ; c . agnesi pariselle & euzet , 1994 ; c . anthemocolpos dossou , 1982 ; c . bilongi pariselle & euzet , 1996 ; c . bonhommei pariselle & euzet , 1998 ; c . bouvii pariselle & euzet , 1997 ; c . dossoui douëllou , 1993 ; c . douellouae pariselle , bilong bilong & euzet , 2003 ; c . ergensi dossou , 1982 ; c . flexicolpos pariselle & euzet , 1995 ; c . gallus pariselle & euzet , 1995 ; c . guirali pariselle & euzet , 1997 ; c . hemi pariselle & euzet , 1998 ; c . kouassii n ' douba , thys van den audenaerde & pariselle , 1997 ; c . legendrei pariselle & euzet , 2003 ; c . lemoallei pariselle & euzet , 2003 ; c . microscutus pariselle & euzet , 1996 ; c . ouedraogoi pariselle & euzet , 1996 ; c . paganoi pariselle & euzet , 1997 ; c . testificatus dossou , 1982 ; c . thurstonae ergens , 1981 ; c . tiberianus paperna , 1960 and c . vexus pariselle & euzet , 1995 . cichlidogyrus sturmbaueri sp . nov . is unique since it exhibits a h - shaped accessory piece .
vignon , m . ; a . pariselle & m . p . m . vanhove . 2011 . modularity in attachment organs of african cichlidogyrus ( platyhelminthes , monogenea , ancyrocephalidae ) reflects phylogeny rather than host specificity or geographic distribution . biological journal of the linnean society 102 ( 3 ) : 694 - 706 . [ links ]
so far , most species of monogenea recorded from cichlids belong to cichlidogyrus paperna , 1960 , with 71 currently described species ( pariselle & euzet 2009 ) mostly from west africa , but also from south and east africa and west asia ( levant ) . here , we describe the first representatives of the genus from the tanganyika basin .
pariselle , a . ; c . bilong bilong & l . euzet 2003a . four new species of cichlidogyrus paperna , 1960 ( monogenea , ancyrocephalidae ) , all gill parasites from african mouthbreeder tilapias of the genera sarotherodon and oreochromis ( pisces , cichlidae ) , with a re - description of c . thurstonae ergens , 1981 . systematic parasitology 56 : 201 - 210 . [ links ]
pariselle , a . & l . euzet . 1995a . scutogyrus gen . n . ( monogenea , ancyrocephalidae ) for cichlidogyrus longicornis minus dossou , 1982 , c . l . longicornis , and c . l . gravivaginus paperna & thurston , 1969 , with description of three new species parasitic on african cichlids . journal of the helminthological society of washington 62 : 157 - 173 . [ links ]
all four new species of monogenea found on the gills of specimens of o . ventralis belong to cichlidogyrus paperna , 1960 ( according to paperna 1960 and pariselle et al . 2003a ; it should be noted , however , that the absence of an accessory piece in the male copulatory organ ( mco ) of c . centesimus sp . nov . might indicate the need for revision of the generic diagnosis ) . these species are described below .
remarks . despite the presence of very long auricles on the dorsal bar , similar in size to the auricles of species of scutogyrus pariselle & euzet , 1995 ( see fig . 3 ) , c . vandekerkhovei sp . nov . is considered a representative of cichlidogyrus . indeed , scutogyrus spp . have a characteristically enlarged dorsal bar and a thin oval plate associated to the ventral bar ( pariselle & euzet 1995a ) , which are not present in c . vandekerkhovei sp . nov .
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zoologia ( curitiba , impr . ) vol . 28 no . 2 curitiba apr . 2011
maarten p . m . vanhove i * ; filip a . m . volckaert i ; antoine pariselle ii
poll ( 1986 ) classified the cichlids of lake tanganyika into tribes . one of which , the endemic and monophyletic tribe ectodini , includes species that exhibit a wide range of choices in substrate and food items . its 34 species , which are classified in 13 genera , are either biparental or maternal mouth - brooders ( konings 1998 , takahashi 2003 , koblmüller et al . 2004 , 2008 , and references therein ) . problems still exist regarding species identification and their respective taxonomical status ( hanssens et al . 1999 ) . among these , ophthalmotilapia pellegrin , 1904 is paraphyletic and needs taxonomic revision ( koblmüller et al . 2004 ) . ophthalmotilapia ventralis ( boulenger , 1898 ) and o . heterodonta ( poll & matthes , 1962 ) form a clade with cyathopharynx furcifer ( boulenger , 1898 ) , while o . boops ( boulenger , 1901 ) and o . nasuta ( poll & matthes , 1962 ) are sister taxa to each other .
fish were caught in april 2008 ( zambia and tanzania ) and april 2010 ( democratic republic of the congo ( drc ) ) using gill or hand nets . species were determined on site by c . sturmbauer ( karl - franzens university of graz , austria ) and by r . muzumani ( centre de recherche en hydrobiologie , uvira , drc ) . the fishes were dissected , as soon as possible , and the right branchial arches were stored in 96 % ethanol for further examination . fish specimens were numbered , fixed , and preserved in ethanol for subsequent species determination . additional parasite specimens were collected from o . ventralis hosts captured in zambia in april 1995 and retrieved from the royal museum for central africa collections ( mrac 95 - 96 - p - 296 - 301 ) .
additional hosts : o . nasuta ( poll & matthes , 1962 ) and o . boops ( boulenger , 1901 ) .
type locality : wonzye point ( 8º43 ' 30
s , 31º8 ' 0
e ) ( lake tanganyika , zambia ) .
other records : also found on the type host at kasenga point ( 8º43 ' 31
s , 31º8 ' 1
e ) ( zambia ) and at kikoti ( 7º11 ' 27
s , 30º4 ' 0
e ) ( democratic republic of the congo ) , and on o . nasuta and o . boops at mtosi ( 7º35 ' 27
s , 30º38 ' 29
e ) ( tanzania ) ( all in lake tanganyika ) .
type material : holotype deposited at the muséum national d ' histoire naturelle ( paris ) : hel 191 , tf 210 . paratypes deposited at the muséum national d ' histoire naturelle ( paris ) : hel 192 , tf 211 ; at the royal museum for central africa ( tervuren ) : 37675 and 37679 ; and at the iziko south african museum ( cape town ) : samcta 29504 .
description : body 254 ( 163 - 355 , n = 20 ) long , 83 ( 69 - 112 , n = 20 ) wide at mid - body . pharynx is 23 ( 17 - 29 , n = 9 ) wide . dorsal anchor with very short shaft and more pronounced guard , blade arched , slightly bent in the middle : a = 26 ( 23 - 28 , n = 28 ) , b = 21 ( 19 - 23 , n = 25 ) , c = 2 ( 1 - 4 , n = 25 ) , d = 8 ( 5 - 10 , n = 25 ) , e = 11 ( 9 - 12 , n = 28 ) . dorsal transverse bar straight or slightly arched , small , with extremely long auricles : x = 23 ( 20 - 27 , n = 20 ) , y = 4 ( 2 - 6 , n = 20 ) , w = 4 ( 3 - 5 , n = 20 ) , h = 30 ( 24 - 34 , n = 36 ) . ventral anchor , with same shape as dorsal anchor : a = 25 ( 22 - 29 , n = 27 ) , b = 20 ( 17 - 26 , n = 27 ) , c = ( 2 - 5 , n = 27 ) , d = 7 ( 5 - 10 , n = 27 ) , e = 10 ( 9 - 13 , n = 27 ) . ventral transverse bar v - shaped , often twisted : x = 31 ( 26 - 35 , n = 20 ) , w = 4 ( 3 - 5 , n = 20 ) . uncinuli i small ( see remarks below ) = 12 ( 11 - 14 , n = 10 ) long ; ii = 11 ( 9 - 13 , n = 15 ) long ; iii to vii short ( see remarks below ) = 16 ( 13 - 23 , n = 67 ) long . penis , beginning in a large spherical bulb with well - developed heel , he = 5 ( 4 - 6 , n = 20 ) , a short and large curved tube of which the diameter narrows abruptly at the distal extremity : pe = 34 ( 30 - 37 , n = 20 ) , simple and straight accessory piece with forked end , one extremity shorter than the other , sometimes crossed : ap = 31 ( 24 - 34 , n = 20 ) . vagina not observed .
the specific epithet of the new species , vandekerkhovei , honours the aquatic ecologist dr . jochen vandekerkhove ( belgium ) , in recognition of his guidance during the early research years of the junior author .
type material : holotype deposited at the muséum national d ' histoire naturelle ( paris ) : hel 193 , tf 212 . paratypes deposited at the muséum national d ' histoire naturelle ( paris ) : hel 194 , tf 213 ; at the royal museum for central africa ( tervuren ) : 37676 - 37677 ; and at the iziko south african museum ( cape town ) : samcta 29505a - b .
description : body 265 ( 211 - 321 , n = 15 ) long , 78 ( 62 - 109 , n = 15 ) wide at mid - body . pharynx is 26 ( 17 - 34 , n = 9 ) wide . dorsal anchor with very short shaft and more pronounced guard , blade arched : a = 21 ( 19 - 23 , n = 21 ) , b = 19 ( 17 - 20 , n = 21 ) , c = 2 ( 1 - 2 , n = 21 ) , d = 6 ( 4 - 8 , n = 21 ) , e = 9 ( 8 - 10 , n = 21 ) . dorsal transverse bar straight or slightly arched , small , with very long auricles : x = 25 ( 24 - 28 , n = 15 ) , y = 5 ( 4 - 7 , n = 13 ) , w = 4 ( 3 - 5 , n = 15 ) , h = 20 ( 17 - 23 , n = 27 ) . ventral anchor , same size and shape as dorsal anchor : a = 21 ( 20 - 22 , n = 21 ) , b = 18 ( 17 - 20 , n = 22 ) , c = 1 ( 1 - 3 , n = 22 ) , d = 6 ( 5 - 8 , n = 22 ) , e = 8 ( 7 - 10 , n = 22 ) . ventral transverse bar v - shaped : x = 29 ( 25 - 33 , n = 27 ) , w = 3 ( 2 - 4 , n = 14 ) . uncinuli i small ( see remarks above ) = 11 ( 9 - 12 , n = 21 ) long ; ii = 10 ( 9 - 15 , n = 18 ) long ; iii to vii short ( see remarks below ) = 14 ( 11 - 17 , n = 82 ) long . penis beginning in a spherical bulb with pronounced heel , he = 3 ( 2 - 4 n = 15 ) , a thin curved tube which tapers distally : pe = 73 ( 69 - 79 , n = 15 ) , simple accessory piece slightly bent at distal third , resembles a spanner : ap = 22 ( 20 - 25 , n = 15 ) . vagina not observed .
type material : holotype deposited at the muséum national d ' histoire naturelle ( paris ) : hel 195 , tf 214 . paratypes deposited at the muséum national d ' histoire naturelle ( paris ) : hel 196 , tf 215 ; at the royal museum for central africa ( tervuren ) : 37678 and 37680 , and at the iziko south african museum ( cape town ) : samcta 29506 .
description : body 379 ( 263 - 520 , n = 16 ) long , 90 ( 59 - 147 , n = 15 ) wide at mid - body . pharynx is 30 ( 17 - 45 , n = 8 ) wide . large dorsal anchor with pronounced shaft and very long guard , blade arched : a = 48 ( 41 - 55 , n = 31 ) , b = 31 ( 26 - 38 , n = 30 ) , c = 5 ( 3 - 10 , n = 30 ) , d = 19 ( 13 - 24 , n = 30 ) , e = 9 ( 7 - 12 , n = 31 ) . thick dorsal transverse bar slightly arched : x = 45 ( 37 - 52 , n = 17 ) , y = 19 ( 16 - 22 , n = 17 ) , w = 8 ( 7 - 10 , n = 17 ) , h = 13 ( 11 - 16 , n = 34 ) . large ventral anchor , with different shape and smaller size as compared to dorsal anchor , with well - developed guard and shaft , blade regularly arched : a = 38 ( 34 - 44 , n = 29 ) , b = 36 ( 32 - 41 , n = 29 ) , c = 5 ( 3 - 10 , n = 29 ) , d = 10 ( 5 - 14 , n = 29 ) , e = 11 ( 9 - 13 , n = 29 ) . thick , long and v - shaped ventral transverse bar : x = 41 ( 22 - 49 , n = 35 ) , w = 6 ( 4 - 7 , n = 18 ) . uncinuli i very large = 32 ( 26 - 37 , n = 35 ) long ; ii with larval size and shape ii = 11 ( 10 - 12 , n = 24 ) long ; iii to vii long ( see remarks below ) = 24 ( 22 - 30 , n = 135 ) long . penis beginning in an ovoid bulb , with a straight and very long heel which is variable in length , he = 24 ( 11 - 47 n = 17 ) , short and straight , the distal external wall marked with spirally coiled thickening forming 4 / 5 turns : pe = 24 ( 23 - 25 , n = 17 ) , no accessory piece associated with the penis . vagina not observed .
remarks . the haptor of c . centesimus sp . nov . is unique because it shows long uncinuli i and iii to vii ( like c . arthracanthus paperna , 1960 and c . inconsultans birgi & lambert , 1986 ( see pariselle & euzet 2009 ) . however , compared to these two species the pair i of uncinuli of the new species is larger and thicker , characteristics known only for species with short uncinuli pair iii to vii such as c . albareti pariselle & euzet , 1998 ; c . arfii pariselle & euzet , 1995 ; c . berradae pariselle & euzet , 2003 ; c . bychowskii ( markevich , 1934 ) ; c . dageti dossou & birgi , 1984 ; c . digitatus dossou , 1982 ; c . dionchus paperna , 1968 ; c . euzeti dossou & birgi , 1984 ; c . falcifer dossou & birgi , 1984 ; c . halinus paperna , 1969 ; c . longicirrus paperna , 1965 ; c . nandidae birgi & lambert , 1986 ; c . nuniezi pariselle & euzet , 1998 ; c . papernastrema price , peebles & bamford , 1969 ; c . philander douëllou , 1993 ; c . quaestio douëllou , 1993 ; c . reversati pariselle & euzet , 2003 ; c . sanseoi pariselle & euzet , 2004 ; c . teugelsi pariselle & euzet , 2004 and c . yanni pariselle & euzet , 1996 .
the length of the heel of the mco is highly variable in c . centesimus but principal component analysis ( pca ) on all morphometric data detected no differences to warrant species delimitation ( fig . 6 ) .
the specific name of c . centesimus ( latin for
one hundredth
) refers to the fact that the species represents the one - hundredth species described by the senior author ( a . p . ) .
other records : also found on the type host at kasenga point ( 8º43 ' 31
s , 31º8 ' 1
e ) ( zambia ) and on o . nasuta at musamba ( 7º49 ' 54
s , 30º56 ' 49
e ) ( tanzania ) ( all in lake tanganyika ) .
type material : holotype deposited at the muséum national d ' histoire naturelle ( paris ) : hel 197 , tf 216 . paratypes deposited at the muséum national d ' histoire naturelle ( paris ) : hel 198 , tf 217 ; at the royal museum for central africa ( tervuren ) : 37681 - 37682 ; and at the iziko south african museum ( cape town ) : samcta 29507 .
description : body 311 ( 259 - 366 , n = 7 ) long , 83 ( 63 - 115 , n = 7 ) wide at mid - body . pharynx is 27 ( 17 - 42 , n = 6 ) wide . dorsal anchor small with pronounced shaft and guard : a = 20 ( 19 - 21 , n = 12 ) , b = 17 ( 16 - 20 , n = 12 ) , c = 3 ( 2 - 3 , n = 12 ) , d = 7 ( 5 - 7 , n = 12 ) , e = 8 ( 6 - 9 , n = 12 ) . dorsal transverse bar thin and arched : x = 23 ( 20 - 28 , n = 8 ) , y = 10 ( 9 - 11 , n = 8 ) , w = 4 ( 3 - 4 , n = 8 ) , h = 13 ( 12 - 15 , n = 16 ) . ventral anchor similar to dorsal anchor , but slightly larger : a = 24 ( 23 - 26 , n = 12 ) , b = 20 ( 18 - 21 , n = 12 ) , c = 3 ( 2 - 5 , n = 12 ) , d = 9 ( 7 - 10 , n = 12 ) , e = 8 ( 7 - 11 , n = 12 ) . v - shaped and thin ventral transverse bar : x = 34 ( 31 - 39 , n = 16 ) , w = 4 ( 3 - 4 , n = 8 ) . uncinuli i short = 14 ( 13 - 16 , n = 12 ) long ; ii with larval size and shape ii = 11 ( 10 - 12 , n = 7 ) long ; iii to vii long = 22 ( 19 - 24 , n = 23 ) long . penis beginning in an ovoid bulb , with short heel , he = 6 ( 4 - 7 n = 8 ) , straight : pe = 36 ( 34 - 39 , n = 8 ) , h - shaped accessory piece associated with the penis , ap = 25 ( 24 - 28 ) . vagina not observed .
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submitted : 29 . x . 2010 ; accepted : 27 . ii . 2011 . editorial responsibility : marcus v . domingues
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terminology : strict specialist – infecting only a single host species , intermediate specialist – infecting two or more congeneric host species , intermediate generalist – infecting non - congeneric host species from the same tribe , generalist – infecting two or more hosts from different tribes .
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vanhove , maarten p . m . volckaert , filip a . m . pariselle , antoine
pseudorhabdosynochus cyathus is a diplectanid monogenean parasitic on the gills of the grouper epinephelus howlandi .
calydiscoides euzeti justine , 2007 is a species of monogenean of the family diplectanidae monticelli , 1903 .
pseudorhabdosynochus malabaricus is a diplectanid monogenean parasitic on the gills of the malabar grouper , epinephelus malabaricus .
pseudorhabdosynochus euitoe is a diplectanid monogenean parasitic on the gills of the highfin grouper , epinephelus maculatus .
pseudorhabdosynochus monaensis is a diplectanid monogenean parasitic on the gills of the rock hind , epinephelus adscensionis .
lamellodiscus is a genus of monopisthocotylean monogeneans , belonging in the family diplectanidae ; all species of lamellodiscus are small worms , parasitic on the gills of teleost fish .
pseudorhabdosynochus manipulus is a diplectanid monogenean parasitic on the gills of the malabar grouper , epinephelus malabaricus .
pseudorhabdosynochus cuitoe is a diplectanid monogenean parasitic on the gills of the highfin grouper , epinephelus maculatus .
pseudorhabdosynochus epinepheli is a diplectanid monogenean parasitic on the gills of species of groupers .
pseudorhabdosynochus maternus is a diplectanid monogenean parasitic on the gills of the malabar grouper , epinephelus malabaricus .
pseudorhabdosynochus huitoe is a diplectanid monogenean parasitic on the gills of the highfin grouper , epinephelus maculatus .
pseudorhabdosynochus manifestus is a diplectanid monogenean parasite first found in host epinephelus malabaricus near nouméa , between its secondary gill lamellae .
pseudorhabdosynochus duitoe is a diplectanid monogenean parasitic on the gills of the highfin grouper , epinephelus maculatus .
pseudorhabdosynochus calathus is a diplectanid monogenean parasitic on the gills of the grouper epinephelus rivulatus .
pseudorhabdosynochus variabilis is a diplectanid monogenean parasitic on the gills of the grouper epinephelus morrhua .
pseudorhabdosynochus morrhua is a diplectanid monogenean parasitic on the gills of the grouper epinephelus morrhua .
pseudorhabdosynochus sulamericanus is a diplectanid monogenean parasitic on the gills of the snowy grouper , epinephelus niveatus , the warsaw grouper , epinephelus nigritus and the haifa grouper , epinephelus haifensis .
echinoplectanum laeve is a diplectanid monogenean parasitic on the gills of the coralgrouper , plectropomus laevis .
pseudorhabdosynochus venus is a diplectanid monogenean parasitic on the gills of the grouper epinephelus howlandi .
pseudorhabdosynochus buitoe is a diplectanid monogenean parasitic on the gills of the highfin grouper , epinephelus maculatus .
pseudorhabdosynochus caledonicus is a diplectanid monogenean parasitic on the gills of the blacktip grouper , epinephelus fasciatus .
pseudorhabdosynochus capurroi is a diplectanid monogenean parasitic on the gills of the black grouper , mycteroperca bonaci .
pseudorhabdosynochus maaensis is a diplectanid monogenean parasitic on the gills of the malabar grouper , epinephelus malabaricus .
pseudorhabdosynochus regius is a diplectanid monogenean parasitic on the gills of the mottled grouper ( mycteroperca rubra ) .
pseudorhabdosynochus guitoe is a diplectanid monogenean parasitic on the gills of the highfin grouper , epinephelus maculatus .
pseudorhabdosynochus kritskyi is a diplectanid monogenean parasitic on the gills of the gag , mycteroperca microlepis .
pseudorhabdosynochus oliveri is a diplectanid monogenean parasitic on the gills of the dusky grouper ( mycteroperca marginata ) .
pseudorhabdosynochus hayet is a diplectanid monogenean parasitic on the gills of the mottled grouper ( mycteroperca rubra ) .
pseudorhabdosynochus fuitoe is a diplectanid monogenean parasitic on the gills of the highfin grouper , epinephelus maculatus .
scutogyrus vanhovei is a species of monopisthocotylean monogenean , belonging in the family dactylogyridae .
pseudorhabdosynochus bunkleywilliamsae is a diplectanid monogenean parasitic on the gills of the nassau grouper , epinephelus striatus .
pseudorhabdosynochus contubernalis is a diplectanid monogenean parasitic on the gills of the scamp , mycteroperca phenax .
pseudorhabdosynochus firmicoleatus is a diplectanid monogenean parasitic on the gills of the yellowedge grouper , epinephelus flavolimbatus and the snowy grouper , epinephelus niveatus .
pseudorhabdosynochus hyphessometochus is a diplectanid monogenean parasitic on the gills of the yellowmouth grouper , mycteroperca interstitialis .
pseudorhabdosynochus justinella is a diplectanid monogenean parasitic on the gills of the red grouper , epinephelus morio .
pseudorhabdosynochus mcmichaeli is a diplectanid monogenean parasitic on the gills of the scamp , mycteroperca phenax .
pseudorhabdosynochus meganmarieae is a diplectanid monogenean parasitic on the gills of the graysby , cephalopholis cruentata .
pseudorhabdosynochus mizellei is a diplectanid monogenean parasitic on the gills of the red hind , epinephelus guttatus .
pseudorhabdosynochus mycteropercae is a diplectanid monogenean parasitic on the gills of the tiger grouper , mycteroperca tigris ( serranidae ) .
pseudorhabdosynochus tumeovagina is a diplectanid monogenean parasitic on the gills of the speckled hind , epinephelus drummondhayi .
pseudorhabdosynochus vascellum is a diplectanid monogenean parasitic on the gills of the scamp , mycteroperca phenax .
pseudorhabdosynochus williamsi is a diplectanid monogenean parasitic on the gills of the rock hind , epinephelus adscensionis .
pseudorhabdosynochus woodi is a diplectanid monogenean parasitic on the gills of the red hind , epinephelus guttatus .
gyrodactylus leptorhynchi is a small monogenean ( about 0 . 5 mm long ) obligate ectoparasite which parasitizes freshwater bay pipefish .
gyrodactylus turnbulli is an ectoparasite from the class monogenea , is part of the phylum platyhelminthes , and from the genus gyrodactylus .
susanlimae is a genus of monopisthocotylean monogeneans , belonging in the family dactylogyridae ( or ancyrocephalidae , according to the classification used ) .
pseudorhabdosynochus marcellus is a diplectanid monogenean parasitic on the gills of the malabar grouper , epinephelus malabaricus .
gyrodactylus salaris is a small monogenean ectoparasite ( about 0 . 5 mm long ) which mainly lives on the skin of freshwater fish , especially atlantic salmon .
pseudorhabdosynochus auitoe is a diplectanid monogenean parasitic on the gills of the highfin grouper , epinephelus maculatus .
pseudorhabdosynochus yucatanensis is a diplectanid monogenean parasitic on the gills of the red grouper , epinephelus morio .
entobdella soleae is a monogenean ( platyhelminth ) skin parasite of the common sole , solea solea , an important food fish .
pseudorhabdosynochus beverleyburtonae is a diplectanid monogenean parasitic on the gills of the dusky grouper , epinephelus marginatus .
the capsalidae is a family of monopisthocotylean monogeneans , which includes about 200 species .
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guest editors : s . koblmüller , r . c . albertson , m . j . genner , k . m . sefc & t . takahashi / advances in cichlid research : behavior , ecology and evolutionary biology
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dichomeris designatella is a moth in the gelechiidae family .

it was described by walker in 1864 .

it is found in brazil ( amazonas ) and peru .

adults are dark slaty cinereous , the forewings with two very large black spots , the first bordered by whitish on two sides and the second bordered by a whitish slightly curved line on the inner side .

there is a black discal dot , bordered by whitish , between these .

the marginal dots are black .

dichomeris designatella

phrases that include dichomeris : dichomeris anisacuminata , dichomeris bilobella , dichomeris designatella , dichomeris euparypha , dichomeris fida , more . . .
vad betyder dichomeris ? här finner du 2 definitioner av dichomeris . du kan även lägga till betydelsen av dichomeris själv
dichomeris är ett släkte av fjärilar som beskrevs av hübner 1818 . dichomeris ingår i familjen stävmalar .
dichomeris fuliginella ( costa , 1836 ) , described as rhinosia fuliginella from italy .
dichomeris - species dictionary - global : ispot nature - your place to share nature . ispot is a website aimed at helping anyone identify anything in nature . once you ' ve registered , you can add an observation to the website and suggest an identification yourself or see if anyone else can identify it for you .
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nb : the taxon name search is for single names only . for example , to locate dysodia vitrina flammata warren , 1904 you should enter flammata only .
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hübner , 1818 from southern africa and kenya , with description of seven new species ( lepidoptera , gelechiidae , dichomeridinae ) .
hübner , 1818 , with descriptions of three new species ( lepidoptera : gelechiidae ) .
this article is issued from wikipedia - version of the 8 / 3 / 2016 . the text is available under the creative commons attribution / share alike but additional terms may apply for the media files .


homoeosoma impressale is a species of snout moth in the genus homoeosoma .

it was described by george duryea hulst in 1886 .

it is found in north america , including arizona and california .

the larvae feed on seeds and seed coats within the flower heads of various cirsium species ( including cirsium canescens and cirsium occidentale ) and closely related genera .

homoeosoma impressale

homoeosoma electellum ( hulst , 1887 ) = opalescellum ( hulst , 1887 ) = homoeosoma texanellum ragonot , 1887 = homoeosoma tenuipunctellum ragonot , 1887 = homoeosoma differellum barnes & mcdunnough , 1913 .
figures 975 - 983 . —female genitalia . 975 . homoeosoma eleclellum ( hulst ) ; 975a , cephalic end of bursa and signum of h . opalescellum ( hulst ) , a synonym of electellum . 976 . homoeosoma stypticellum grote , bursa ; 976a , signum of type of h . uncanale hulst , a synonym of stypucellum . 977 . homoeosoma slriatellum dyar , bursa ; 977a , signum from another specimen , showing amount of variation . 978 . homoeosoma sinuellum ( fabricius ) , bursa . 979 . homoeosoma oslarellum dyar , paratype , bursa . 980 . homoeosoma illuviellum emendaior hein - rich , new race , paratype from rich - field , utah , bursa . 981 . homoeosoma impressale hulst , bursa . 982 . homoeosoma inornatellum ( hulst ) , type , bursa . 983 . homoeosoma albescentellum ragonot , type , bursa . 976 . slypticellum 976a . uncanale albescentellum
figures 484r - 486 . —males . 484 . homoeosoma longivenlrellum ragonot , 3 specimens from chiriquf , panamd ; 484a , aedeagus ; 484b , gnathos ; 484c , anellus ; 484d , elements of transtilla ; 484e , sclerotizations of eighth abdom - inal segment . 485 . homoeosoma inornatellum ( hulst ) ; 485a , aedeagus . 486 . homoeosoma impressale hulst ; 486a , aedeagus ; 486b , gnathos ; 486c , ele - ments of transtilla ; 486d , anellua , 486e , sclerotizations of eighth abdom - inal segment . i 4 - 86a .
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neunzig , h . h . , 1997 . moths of america north of mexico , fascicle 15 . 4 : p . 109 ; pl . 2 . 22 . order
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cirsium occidentale var . californicum ( a . gray ) keil & c . turner
comments : accepted by kartesz ( 1994 checklist ) as a species ; treated as . . .
comments : treated at the varietal level as cirsium occidentale var . candidissimum . . .
rounded global status rank : t2 - imperiled reasons : endemic to california , . . .
image of cirsium occidentale var . californicum ( gray ) keil & c . turner
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curators : konstantin efetov , vasiliy feoktistov , svyatoslav knyazev , evgeny komarov , stan korb , alexander zhakov .
species catalog enables to sort by characteristics such as expansion , flight time , etc . .
authors : united states national museum ; smithsonian institution ; united states . dept . of the interior
publisher : washington : smithsonian institution press , [ etc . ] ; for sale by the supt . of docs . , u . s . govt print . off .
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garrha repandula is a moth in the oecophoridae family .

it was described by zeller in 1855 .

it is found in australia , where it has been recorded from south australia and tasmania .

garrha repandula

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nb : the taxon name search is for single names only . for example , to locate dysodia vitrina flammata warren , 1904 you should enter flammata only .
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. the caterpillars live and eventually pupate in an oval case constructed from two pieces of dead leaf joined with silk .
the adult moth has brown forewings each often with many vague dark spots . the hindwings are off - white darkening toward the margins . the wingspan is about 2 cms .
nachtrag zu den im 9 . bande der linnea ent . beschriebenen arten des genus
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this sighting hasn ' t been described yet ! be the first to describe this sighting .
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meyrick , e . 1883 ,
descriptions of australian micro - lepidoptera . viii . oecophoridae
, proceedings of the linnean society of new south wales , ser . 1 , vol . 7 , no . 4 , pp . 415 - 547
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : 3b1ccd01 - f24d - 41a0 - a4f2 - 2471c34747d1
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : d0fb88be - 1f7e - 470d - 9621 - 18dc05221d76
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : cda0a9d9 - e031 - 4c9c - a6f6 - 227d28d447c1
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . name : 243953
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erosaria spurca , common name the dirty cowry , is a species of sea snail , a cowry , a marine gastropod mollusk in the family cypraeidae , the cowries .

erosaria spurca

growth development comparison , betwen a juvenile erosaria spurca and a young but yet adult - shaped haminoea navicula . 33m deep , secche di tor paterno , off torvajanica , lazio , italy . 5 - 7mm .
talavera f . g . , dionis c . p . & gomez r . ( 1986 ) . erosaria spurca cascabullorum n . ssp . una nueva subespecie de profundidad de las islas canarias . revisión taxonomica de la especie . iberus 6 : 107 - 116 [ details ]
talavera f . g . , dionis c . p . & gomez r . ( 1986 ) . < i > erosaria spurca cascabullorum < / i > n . ssp . una nueva subespecie de profundidad de las islas canarias . revisión taxonomica de la especie . < i > iberus 6 < / i > : 107 - 116
cypraea spurca var . elongata dautzenberg & fischer h . , 1906 ( synonym )
( of cypraea spurca globosa settepassi , 1977 ) check list of european marine mollusca ( clemam ) . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of cypraea spurca var . peculiaris coen , 1949 ) check list of european marine mollusca ( clemam ) . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of cypraea spurca var . viridula sulliotti , 1924 ) check list of european marine mollusca ( clemam ) . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of cypraea spurca var . limpida sulliotti , 1922 ) check list of european marine mollusca ( clemam ) . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of cypraea spurca var . punctatissima settepassi , 1977 ) check list of european marine mollusca ( clemam ) . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of cypraea spurca var . limitaris monterosato , 1897 ) check list of european marine mollusca ( clemam ) . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of cypraea spurca var . albida monterosato , 1897 ) check list of european marine mollusca ( clemam ) . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of cypraea spurca var . flavida monterosato , 1897 ) check list of european marine mollusca ( clemam ) . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of cypraea spurca var . atlantica monterosato , 1897 ) check list of european marine mollusca ( clemam ) . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of cypraea spurca var . normalis monterosato , 1897 ) check list of european marine mollusca ( clemam ) . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of cypraea spurca var . nitidiuscula coen , 1949 ) check list of european marine mollusca ( clemam ) . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of cypraea spurca var . inflata coen , 1949 ) check list of european marine mollusca ( clemam ) . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of cypraea spurca var . inversa pallary , 1900 ) check list of european marine mollusca ( clemam ) . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of cypraea spurca var . minor pallary , 1900 ) check list of european marine mollusca ( clemam ) . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of cypraea spurca var . major pallary , 1900 ) check list of european marine mollusca ( clemam ) . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of cypraea spurca var . luridoidea pallary , 1900 ) check list of european marine mollusca ( clemam ) . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of cypraea spurca var . inaequipartita monterosato , 1897 ) check list of european marine mollusca ( clemam ) . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of cypraea spurca var . dilatata monterosato , 1897 ) check list of european marine mollusca ( clemam ) . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
cypraea spurca globosa settepassi , 1977 ( not available , published in a work which does not consistently use binominal nomenclature ( iczn art . 11 . 4 ) )
the subspecies is endemic to mediterranean . original taxon : cypræa spurca . 3m deep , under a flat rock , agia pelagia , heraklion , crete . 35mm .
cypraea spurca var . punctatissima settepassi , 1977 ( not available , published in a work which does not consistently use binominal nomenclature ( iczn art . 11 . 4 ) )
( of cypraea spurca var . elongata dautzenberg & fischer h . , 1906 ) check list of european marine mollusca ( clemam ) . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of cypraea spurca var . peculiaris coen , 1949 ) coen g . ( 1949 ) . nota su alcune forme nuove di cypreacea . hist . natur 3 ( 1 ) : 13 - 18 [ details ]
( of cypraea spurca var . inflata coen , 1949 ) coen g . ( 1949 ) . nota su alcune forme nuove di cypreacea . hist . natur 3 ( 1 ) : 13 - 18 [ details ]
( of cypraea spurca var . nitidiuscula coen , 1949 ) coen g . ( 1949 ) . nota su alcune forme nuove di cypreacea . hist . natur 3 ( 1 ) : 13 - 18 [ details ]
( of cypraea spurca globosa settepassi , 1977 ) settepassi f . ( 1977 ) . atlante malacologico . i molluschi marini viventi nel mediterraneo , volume ii . 304 pp . museo di zoologia , roma [ stated date 1971 on frontispiece ] [ details ]
( of cypraea spurca var . luridoidea pallary , 1900 ) pallary p . ( 1900 ) . coquilles marines du littoral du départment d ' oran . journal de conchyliologie . 48 ( 3 ) : 211 - 422 . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of cypraea spurca var . major pallary , 1900 ) pallary p . ( 1900 ) . coquilles marines du littoral du départment d ' oran . journal de conchyliologie . 48 ( 3 ) : 211 - 422 . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of cypraea spurca var . minor pallary , 1900 ) pallary p . ( 1900 ) . coquilles marines du littoral du départment d ' oran . journal de conchyliologie . 48 ( 3 ) : 211 - 422 . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of cypraea spurca var . inversa pallary , 1900 ) pallary p . ( 1900 ) . coquilles marines du littoral du départment d ' oran . journal de conchyliologie . 48 ( 3 ) : 211 - 422 . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of cypraea spurca var . normalis monterosato , 1897 ) monterosato t . a . ( di ) ( 1897 ( 1 luglio ) ) . sur les cypraea de la méditerranée . journal de conchyliologie 45 ( 3 ) : 153 - 165 , tab vi [ details ]
( of cypraea spurca var . atlantica monterosato , 1897 ) monterosato t . a . ( di ) ( 1897 ( 1 luglio ) ) . sur les cypraea de la méditerranée . journal de conchyliologie 45 ( 3 ) : 153 - 165 , tab vi [ details ]
( of cypraea spurca var . flavida monterosato , 1897 ) monterosato t . a . ( di ) ( 1897 ( 1 luglio ) ) . sur les cypraea de la méditerranée . journal de conchyliologie 45 ( 3 ) : 153 - 165 , tab vi [ details ]
( of cypraea spurca var . albida monterosato , 1897 ) monterosato t . a . ( di ) ( 1897 ( 1 luglio ) ) . sur les cypraea de la méditerranée . journal de conchyliologie 45 ( 3 ) : 153 - 165 , tab vi [ details ]
( of cypraea spurca var . limitaris monterosato , 1897 ) monterosato t . a . ( di ) ( 1897 ( 1 luglio ) ) . sur les cypraea de la méditerranée . journal de conchyliologie 45 ( 3 ) : 153 - 165 , tab vi [ details ]
( of cypraea spurca var . dilatata monterosato , 1897 ) monterosato t . a . ( di ) ( 1897 ( 1 luglio ) ) . sur les cypraea de la méditerranée . journal de conchyliologie 45 ( 3 ) : 153 - 165 , tab vi [ details ]
( of cypraea spurca var . inaequipartita monterosato , 1897 ) monterosato t . a . ( di ) ( 1897 ( 1 luglio ) ) . sur les cypraea de la méditerranée . journal de conchyliologie 45 ( 3 ) : 153 - 165 , tab vi [ details ]
( of cypraea spurca linnaeus , 1758 ) linnaeus , c . ( 1758 ) . systema naturae per regna tria naturae , secundum classes , ordines , genera , species , cum characteribus , differentiis , synonymis , locis . editio decima , reformata . laurentius salvius : holmiae . ii , 824 pp . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of cypraea spurca var . pantherina pallary , 1919 ) pallary p . ( 1919 ) . enumération des mollusques marins des côtes de la syrie . bulletin de la société d ' histoire naturelle d ' afrique du nord . 10 ( 7 ) : 166 - 172 ; 10 ( 8 ) : 175 - 176 . [ 15 july and 15 november , respectively ] . , available online at urltoken ; = 169 page ( s ) : 169 [ details ]
( of cypraea spurca var . elongata dautzenberg & fischer h . , 1906 ) dautzenberg , ph . ; fischer , h . ( 1906 ) . mollusques provenant des dragages effectués à l ' ouest de l ' afrique pendant les campagnes scientifiques de s . a . s . le prince de monaco . résultats des campagnes scientifiques accomplies sur son yacht par albert ier prince souverain de monaco , xxxii . imprimerie de monaco : monaco . 125 p . , 5 plates . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of brugnonia pulchella jeffreys , 1883 ) jeffreys , j . g . ( 1883 ) . mediterranean mollusca n . 3 and other invertebrata . annals and magazine of natural history . ( 5 ) 11 : 393 - 401 , pl . 16 . , available online at urltoken page ( s ) : 399 ; pl . 16 fig . 7 [ details ]
( of cypraea lunata fischer von waldheim , 1807 ) fischer von waldheim g . ( 1807 ) . museum demidoff , ou , catalogue systématique et raisonné des curiosités de la nature et de l’art : données à l’université impériale de moscou par son excellence monsieur paul de demidoff . vol . 3 . moscow : imprimerie de université impériale de moscou . 300 pp . , 6 pls . [ details ]
( of cypraea minima monterosato , 1897 ) monterosato t . a . ( di ) ( 1897 ( 1 luglio ) ) . sur les cypraea de la méditerranée . journal de conchyliologie 45 ( 3 ) : 153 - 165 , tab vi [ details ]
gofas , s . ; le renard , j . ; bouchet , p . ( 2001 ) . mollusca . in : costello , m . j . et al . ( eds ) , european register of marine species : a check - list of the marine species in europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification . patrimoines naturels . 50 : 180 - 213 . ( look up in imis ) [ details ]
( of brugnonia pulchella jeffreys , 1883 ) check list of european marine mollusca ( clemam ) . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of cypraea minima monterosato , 1897 ) check list of european marine mollusca ( clemam ) . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of cypraea elliptica gray , 1825 ) check list of european marine mollusca ( clemam ) . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of cypraea lunata fischer von waldheim , 1807 ) check list of european marine mollusca ( clemam ) . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of cypraea verdensia melvill , 1888 ) check list of european marine mollusca ( clemam ) . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
medin . ( 2011 ) . uk checklist of marine species derived from the applications marine recorder and unicorn . version 1 . 0 . [ details ]
talavera , dionis & gomez , 1986 . accessed through : world register of marine species at : urltoken ; = 576936 on 2018 - 07 - 09
lorenz , f . ( 2017 ) . cowries . a guide to the gastropod family cypraeidae . volume 1 , biology and systematics . harxheim : conchbooks . 644 pp . [ details ]
bernard , p . a . ( ed . ) ( 1984 ) . coquillages du gabon [ shells of gabon ] . pierre a . bernard : libreville , gabon . 140 , 75 plates pp . ( look up in imis ) [ details ]
lorenz f . & hubert a . ( 2000 ) a guide to worldwide cowries . edition 2 . hackenheim : conchbooks . 584 pp . page ( s ) : 197 [ details ]
validity dna tested by chris meyer ( cgdp ) and not recognized as an evolutionarily significant unit ( esu ) . until more evidence becomes available to validate it , it should be considered a species inquirenda . [ details ]
hans - martin braun added the german common name
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the star system calculates the number of pieces that were handled by conchology , inc . in the last 15 years :
we want to point out that the star system is only very reliable for philippine shells only , as we handle very few foreign shells in general . as time goes , the system will become more and more performant .
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cape verde islands . sao vicente . mindelo . from divers , 2 - 6 m . april 2003 .
© 1996 - 2018 guido t . poppe & philippe poppe - conchology , inc . ( 0 . 001 seconds . )
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possibly the most obvious external characteristic of cowries is the part of the mantle that can be extended outside the shell to completely cover the external surface , as can be seen in the labeled photo below . this part of the mantle is a relatively thin piece of tissue that has fine structures protruding from the surface called papillae . in the case of
, these structures have many protrusions present that extend away from the central axis of the papillae itself . the mantle has a mottled appearance in contrast to the patterning of the shell itself which is usually a pale brown with light dots throughout . when the cowrie is disturbed , the mantle can be withdrawn into the shell . the purpose of papillae is the subject of speculation ; suggestions include camouflage and sensory applications ( burgess 1986 ) .
at the anterior end of the cowrie there are a number of structures that protrude from the protection of the shell when the cowrie is moving ; some of these can be seen labeled in the picture below . the siphon is extended out from the small notch in the shell opening . this structure is used to move water from outside the shell across the gills located internally . on either side of the proboscis is a tentacle used for sensing the environment , at the tip of the tentacle is an eye , mostly used for sensing light / dark ( burgess , 1986 ) .
the proboscis is the extensible feeding structure that protrudes from the shell below the siphon and contains the mouth and radula . the largest mass of the external anatomy , however , is the muscular foot that contains mucus glands and proves a means of locomotion for the cowrie . the foot is usually hard to see when the mantle is extended as the papillae tend to obscure it from view , if turned over the foot will be clearly visible before it is retracted as a cream coloured mass . the foot , proboscis and mouth ( with radula inside ) can be seen below where the cowrie has moved up the side of a transparent container .
the shell of the cowrie is a light brownish colour speckled with cream spots and has a lighter colour towards the rim of the shell . on each side of the shell there is a dark brown spot , usually vaguely rectangular , approximately halfway along the shell , although the darkness and shape of this spot can vary considerably . around the opening of the shell there are well defined teeth on the shell , these teeth are characteristic of cowries . on the top of the cowrie there is usually a difference in shell pattern along the longitudinal axis . this is where each half of the mantle , responsible for laying down the shell , meet on the top of the shell . below is a photo of
with the mantle completely retracted . on the anterior end towards the right the siphon is visible while at the opposite end a few tips of papillae are visible .
the aperture side of the shell is almost completely white and some individuals have narrow bands of reddish - brown that occur along the teeth and continue up around the rim . below is an image of e . erosa with the mantle almost completely retracted through the aperture . again , the anterior end is towards the right with the siphon partly visible .
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less food transport and growth . after 55 minutes wc defnitively surface . as we spent half of the dive at sea level , our digital instruments sign less time and our pressure gauge is far from the reserve indication .
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gofas , s . ; le renard , j . ; bouchet , p . ( 2001 ) . mollusca . in : costello , m . j . et al . ( eds ) , european register of marine species : a check - list of the marine species in europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification . < em > patrimoines naturels . < / em > 50 : 180 - 213 .
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annex ii : endangered or threatened species that the parties shall manage with the aim of maintaining them in a favourable state of conservation . they shall ensure their maximum possible protection and recovery .
template updated on 09 may 2018 14 : 41 from version 18 . 4 . 26
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in the framework of the project marisca ( urltoken ) we are trying to create distribution maps for a number of species that are protected under european legislation and international conventions . the main objective is to apply a systematic conservation planning approach to design a representative network of mpas in the aegean sea ( including crete ) . i would be grateful for informing me of any published or unpublished records .
if useful , i am sending you my notes on sithina , from 09 . 2015 .
i also have found many shells of tonna galea at the bay of porto lagos on sep 2015 . i will check my field notes again , and if i find useful information will write to you .
έχω κάποιες σημειώσεις για την περιοχή του φάρου και κοντά στο πανεπιστήμιο της μυτιλήνης και της θερμής για τα είδη ophidiaster ophidianus , tonna galea , pinna nobilis , pholas dactylus , luria lurida , aplysina aerophoba , sarcotragus foetidus , και cladocora caespitosa , αλλά πρόκειται μόνο για απλή οπτική παρατήρηση και / ή φωτογραφικό υλικό χωρίς να είναι σίγουρες οι συντεταγμένες .
sorry , i don ' t understand . are you looking for info just for aegean sea or anywhere ?
i need some more time . . . but i ' ll send some notes . . .
i ' m afraid i can ' t help . i don ' t have any info about the species you are interested in .
megacephala euphratica euphratica latreille & dejean - - - not benthic however living in salt marsh and salt meadows habitats . . .
thank you mark . we have already checked the literature and all the online biodiversity databases . as there is a huge amount of unpublished information we are also trying with scientists , divers , fishers etc to enrich the published records .
dear stelios , we have an article ( güreşen et al 2015 ) on the distribution of cladocora in gökçeada / imbros ) island where axinella spp and aplysina aerophoba are abundant . cladocora is also common in saros bay where colonies of savalia savaglia are also present ( çınar et al 2014 ) generally at depths below 40 m . ayvalık is also a rich region for some of the species you mentioned and there might be some project reports but probably in turkish .
recently i performed an elisa for testing the efficacy of different vaccines over time ( 1 year data ) . i saw some differences between the . . .
hello everyone , i am working with some meteorological data from skiron which i converted from grib to netcdf in order to make the necessary . . .
hello everybody , i have troubles with the analysis of the raw data resulting from an elisa assay . specifically , i am not able to fit the o . d . of . . .
i have currently completed a few elisas and i was wondering whether anyone had experience using the 4 - parameter and the polynomials for fitting . . .
is there free software available for the analysis of elisa data ( 96 wells plates ) ? ideally to do multiple plates at the same time .
hello all , i am currently working to optimize a direct elisa assay . i have consistently been encountering low signal when i carry out the elisa . . .
i have two time series data . i would like to formally investigate whether the one of the series is persistently higher in value than the other . . . .
hi ! i have a dependent variables with ordinal values ( 1 , 2 , 3 ) and three groups . i want to examine if there are any differences of the values of . . .
i actually have four data samples . i first perform anova test . the results show that there is a significant difference among these four group . . . .
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further information : this beautiful and highly polished mollusc was once common on our shores but became rare possibly due to over - picking by humans to sell in exotic necklaces and other ornamental stuff . now it is a protected species and cannot be picked up ( dead or alive ) .
all material and data on this webpage is under the copyright of the author of this site - stephen mifsud / urltoken / malta . ( 2002 - 2010 )
some variants : albida , dilatata , elongata , flavida , limpida , punctatissima , viridula ! 7m deep , under a stone in a hole , falasarna , kissamos , crete . 37mm .
above and below : shallow water specimens . 1 - 2m deep , under rocks with seagrass , aguilas , murcia , spain . 20 - 28mm . base paler than dorsum , sometimes spotted . white teeth .
average spurcas are more orange than brown . this lot is quite dark for the species .
exceptionnal specimen from deep water . 120m deep , off almeria , andalucia , spain . 18mm .
6m deep , in crevice , in submerged karst w . of vulisma beach , near istros , kolpos mirabellou , lasithi , crete . 30 , 5mm . slightly subadult .
20 - 30m deep , under rock , bergeggi island , savona , liguria , italy . 23 , 5mm .
above & below : specimens from f . roncone ' s collection . a : aspra , bagheria , palermo , sicily . 28mm . e : isole eolie , 28mm . l : lampedusa , 20mm .
s : youth is beautiful . cagliari , sardinia , 27mm . m : small adult from deep cold water , messina strait , 19 - 22mm .
2 - 4m deep , under rocks , aguilas , murcia , spain . 20 - 28mm .
four specimens from sicily . a = egadi island , 28mm . b - c - d = messina , 27 - 32mm . all pictures © andrea nappo [ it ] .
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urltoken
turgeon , d . d . , j . f . quinn , jr . , a . e . bogan , e . v . coan , f . g . hochberg , w . g . lyons , et al .
common and scientific names of aquatic invertebrates from the united states and canada : mollusks , 2nd ed .
disclaimer : itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available , and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties . however , it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes . while every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and up - to - date information available , ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in provisions of treaties to which the united states is a party , wildlife statutes , regulations , and any applicable notices that have been published in the federal register . for further information on u . s . legal requirements with respect to protected taxa , please contact the u . s . fish and wildlife service .