meteora ( 1802 – 1821 ) was a british thoroughbred racehorse and broodmare who won the classic oaks stakes at epsom downs racecourse in 1805 .

in a racing career which began with her win in the oaks on 31 may 1805 and lasted until july 1810 she ran thirty-six timeas and won twenty-four races .

she defeated the derby winner cardinal beaufort and the st leger winner staveley in match races and won many other important races of the era including the stamford gold cup ( three times ) , the oatlands stakes ( twice ) , the audley end stakes , the somerset stakes and the brighton gold cup .

many of her defeats occurred when she was carrying large weights in handicap races .

meteora ( horse )

situated in thessaly , meteora lies in the heart of greece . meteora literally translates into ‘suspended in the air’ . here david shows and
all the latest horse racing form , betting odds , news , breeding , jockey and trainer information for meteora . meteora is a filly born in 2013 october 29 by northern meteor out of basra
meteora is not a place that can be fully explored in one day . learn how you can enjoy a full week at meteora with this comprehensive guide ! day 1
. english : coloured etching of the british racehorse meteora . c . 1807 . painter has been dead for at least 140 years . 27 november 2012 , 14 : 40 : 31 . unknown 413 meteora ( horse )
. english : coloured etching of the british racehorse meteora . c . 1807 . painter has been dead for at least 140 years . 27 november 2012 , 14 : 40 : 31 . unknown 360 meteora ( horse )
. english : coloured etching of the british racehorse meteora . c . 1807 . painter has been dead for at least 140 years . 27 november 2012 , 14 : 40 : 31 . unknown 414 meteora ( horse )
meteora has managed to win 1 race in her career so far . on 24th oct 2016 at benalla , meteora scored her most significant win to date , getting the money in the
we’ve got the top five reasons you should visit meteora in 2014 gathered up in a nice infographic .
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greece is a very special travel destination . to celebrate these rare qualities the country possesses , visit meteora travel board recently
we would like to inform you that the cave of theopetra will remain closed indefinitely , for safety inspections . visit meteora team
she was beaten by mr . mellish ' s horse eagle ( full brother to
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the clouds hung high over our heads and enhanced the appearance of the meteora monasteries in an almost sinister fashion . skies were dark and the
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graphitic black unicorn hanging on white wall with grey shadows . horse has intresting geometrical shape and straight lines . horse ' s head made grom paper . original decoration for modern design .
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, eleanor lost a 100 - guinea gold cup race to mr . dawson ' s horse
we would like to inform you that the monastery of great meteoron will remain closed for the entire february 2018 , for renovations . visit meteora team
most of the locals remember the times when large birds of prey flew graciously among the high tops of the rocks here in meteora . eagles ,
the holy monastery of saint nicholas of anapafsas is the first monastery that we encounter on our way to the holy meteora . the monastery is only
pink powder coloured unicorn hanging on white wall with grey shadows . horse has intresting geometrical shape and straight lines . original decoration for modern design . horse ' s head made grom paper .
bright violet coloured unicorn hanging on white wall with grey shadows . horse has intresting geometrical shape and straight lines . horse ' s head made grom paper . original decoration for modern design .
. his daughters produced archduke , chanticleer , haphazard , john bull , meteora , phoenomenon , skyscraper , stamford , tartar , weasel , and remembrancer .
welcome to horseracing . com . au , australia ' s premier site for horse racing news .
pink powder coloured unicorn hanging on wall , made from white brick . horse has intresting geometrical shape and straight lines . original decoration for modern design . horse ' s head made grom paper .
white paper unicorn ' s head hanging on dark graphitic shadowed wall . horse has intresting geometrical shape and straight lines . horse ' s head made grom paper . original decoration for modern design .
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traveling from meteora to delphi is a question we encounter a lot and we know it can be quite confusing at times . this blog post is meant to end
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scrambling and climbing our way to the top of the great saint , on the epic via ferrata in meteora . by our guest blogger lesh . “on belay ! ” the
eclipse ' s daughters produced archduke , chanticleer , haphazard , john bull , meteora , phoenomenon , skyscraper , stamford , tartar , weasel , and remembrancer . [ 7 ]
at the newmarket - craven meeting , eleanor received 200 guineas from mr . sitwell after his horse fieldfare forfeited a three - mile match race . at the same meeting eleanor ran third to sir hedworth williamson ' s horse
a mexican horse cart with flags sits in front of a huge prickly pear cactus and against an adobe wall .
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meteora ( gb ) b . m , 1802 { 17 - a } dp = 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 ( 0 ) di = inf cd = inf
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meteora is a three year old chestnut filly trained by brett cavanough based in scone , and is originally from australia . her sire is northern meteor and she is out of the dam basra .
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prague , czech republic - october 7 , 2017 : horse picture on wall of prague zoo , czech republic . famous symbol of prague zoo
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sheffield - based eclipse tools , now part of spear & jackson , took their name and their eclipse first . . . slogan in 1909 from the horse .
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randall , john ; tony morris ( 1985 ) . horse racing : the records . guinness superlatives ltd . pp . 43–56 . isbn 0 - 85112 - 446 - 1 .
rock painting . paint image ocher walls of the cave . medieval , primitive man , a horse of war , war , murder . stone age ice age , anthropology , history .
abelson , edward ; john tyrrel ( 1993 ) . the breedon book of horse racing records . breedon books . pp . 58–64 . isbn 1 - 873626 - 15 - 0 .
in all buckle won the oaks 9 times : nike ( 1797 ) , bellissima ( 1798 ) , bellina ( 1799 ) , scotia ( 1802 ) , theophania ( 1803 ) , meteora ( 1805 ) , neva ( 1817 ) , corinne ( 1818 ) , zinc ( 1823 ) .
stylish , flat geometric icons with a deer , a horse , a wolf on a light background . for interior , design , wallpaper , covers , walls , printing , characters , advertising
the eclipse awards are american thoroughbred horse - racing awards named after eclipse . they honour the champions of the sport , and are sponsored by the national thoroughbred racing association ( ntra ) , daily racing form and the national turf writers association , who select all finalists at the end of the year . the most prestigious of these awards is the eclipse award for horse of the year title .
close up view of horse head with harness and albert hall museum background with other horses with carriages . this building is a fine example of indo - saracenic architecture . jaipur , rajasthan , india .
chiangmai / northern thailand - november 18 , 2017 : silver crafting as a horse , the chinese zodiac animal sign represent of a born year of the pilgrims , the outer wall of silver temple .
eclipse press is the book - publishing division of blood - horse publications , an international publishing house for top thoroughbred and general equine magazines , books , videos , cd - roms and annual references .
clee , nicholas ( 2010 ) . eclipse : the story of the rogue , the madam and the horse that changed racing . london : black swan . isbn 978 - 0 - 552 - 77442 - 0 .
hyderabad , india - april 17 : wall art of hindu god krishna as driver of horse cart and arjuna as warrior in mahabharat war as in mythology in a temple on april 17 , 2018 in hyderabad , india .
, eleanor finished last in a field of four horses to lord darlington ' s horse muly - moloch . at the first october meeting in newmarket , eleanor regained her three - year - old form and defeated the mare
nicholas clee ' s eclipse : the story of the rogue , the madam and the horse that changed racing [ 8 ] is a biography of eclipse and of the people connected to him , among them the gambler dennis o ' kelly and the brothel madam charlotte hayes . other biographies of eclipse include michael church ' s eclipse : the horse , the race , the awards ( 2000 ) , and theodore cook ' s 1907 book eclipse and o ' kelly .
sariska ( foaled 14 february 2006 in england ) is a british thoroughbred racehorse . the horse is best known for her win in the oaks in 2009 , a year in which she was named european champion 3 - y - o filly .
set template for laser cutting and plotter . vector illustration . bear , stroller , toy , horse , boat , ball , footprints , baby , ball , crown , baby , rattle , nipple , feeding bottle , bow , heart , star , wheels ,
as a four - year - old in 1806 , staveley was campaigned exclusively at newmarket , beginning with three races at the craven meeting in april . he was beaten in 100 guinea match race over the abington mile , by mr arthur ' s horse brainworm , to whom he was conceding nine pounds , finished second in the oatlands stakes , a handicap race over the two mile ditch - in course and was beaten by lord grosvenor ' s epsom oaks winner meteora in a ten furlong match . [ 12 ] his performances led to comments that mellish may have paid too much for the colt and that staveley had been asked to carry too much weight . [ 13 ]
supposedly , at this time captain denis o ' kelly used the famous phrase
eclipse first and the rest nowhere ,
before making his bets for this race . at that time , a horse that was more than 240 yards behind the lead was said to be
, winning 350 guineas . she also won the king ' s plate from sister to gouty a few days later . at the second october meeting at newmarket , her last engagement of the season , eleanor won £50 in a stakes race by beating the prince of wales ' horse shock .
' s colt czar peter . at the second october meeting , she was second to bustard in a gold cup race . at the houghton meeting , she was again second in a gold cup race to the horse stretch . in the last three starts of her career , eleanor did not place .
however his riding accomplishment could not match the training feat of robert robson who won the race now fewer than 13 times : scotia ( 1802 ) , pelisse ( 1804 ) , meteora ( 1805 ) , briseis ( 1807 ) , morel ( 1808 ) , maid of orleans ( 1809 ) , music ( 1813 ) , minuet ( 1815 ) , landscape ( 1816 ) , corinne ( 1818 ) , pastille ( 1822 ) , zinc ( 1823 ) , wings ( 1825 ) .
the oaks stakes is a group 1 flat horse race in great britain open to three - year - old thoroughbred fillies . it is run at epsom downs over a distance of 1 mile , 4 furlongs and 10 yards ( 2 , 423 metres ) , and it is scheduled to take place each year in early june .
the 20 th century had barely begun when the outstanding sceptre won the 1902 oaks , one of four classic triumphs that year , making her the only horse to achieve this feat outright . she may well have won the derby too but bruised a foot days beforehand and in the event ran well to finish fourth to ard patrick .
sariska trained on as a four - year old and started her campaign with an easy victory over old rival midday in the group two middleton stakes at york . she was then second in epsom ' s group one coronation cup , behind fame and glory . in the yorkshire oaks , sariska was to face midday and a younger horse , that season ' s dual oaks winner , snow fairy . however , sariska refused to budge from the stalls as the field raced away from her with midday , a horse she ' d beaten three times , winning . this was the first time sariska had shown any negative temperament in public , although she had nearly killed her trainer michael bell a month previously when kicking him with both hooves in the back , narrowly missing his kidneys and sending him flying across the stable .
staveley returned in the autumn of 1806 for the first october meeting , where he started favourite for a race over the beacon course but finished third behind orville ( the 1802 st leger winner ) and parasol . [ 18 ] he was later beaten in one mile match races by brainworm at the second october meeting and by lord darlington ' s five - year - old horse pavilion at the houghton meeting . he ended his season by finishing unplaced in a subscription handicap on 31 october . [ 19 ]
bronze won one of her eight races as a four - year - old and was placed on six occasions . at the craven meeting she finished third in a sweepstakes over the two mile
ditch - in
course . two weeks later she finished fourth of the eight runners in a king ' s plate for fillies and mares over the four mile beacon course , finishing ahead of houghton lass and jerboa . [ 10 ] at brighton in august she was beaten by sir john shelley ' s colt sir launcelot in a four mile sweepstakes and finished second to the prince of wales ' s six - year - old horse sir david in the brighton gold cup . at lewes , two days later , she was withdrawn after finishing second in the first heat of a king ' s plate won by sir launcelot . [ 11 ] on 12 october at newmarket , bronze ran a match race at level weights against the duke of grafton ' s three - year - old colt musician . bronze defeated her younger rival over the ten furlong distance to win the 200 guinea prize . four days later she was beaten in a match over the same course and distance when attempting to concede twenty pounds to a colt named ferdinand . on 29 october at the newmarket houghton meeting , bronze ended her season by finishing second to meteora in the audley end stakes . [ 12 ]
teacher : lucille , use
defeat ,
defense
and
detail
in a sentence . lucille : de horse run across de field , and defeat went over defence before detail . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ if you can help with the cost of the humor letter , please donate what you can !
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ one evening while i was preparing dinner , my daughter came into the kitchen asking for homework help on her vocabulary words .
mom ,
she asked ,
what ' s a quarter horse ?
as i thought of a simple explanation , my five - year - old son piped up ,
i know ! it ' s the one they have in front of the grocery store .
staveley was a bay or brown horse bred by william fletcher at boroughbridge , [ 1 ] and was the third of fifteen foals produced by his dam , an unnamed mare sired by drone . [ 2 ] staveley ' s sire , shuttle , owned by henry tempest vane , was best known as the loser of a famous 1000 guinea match race at doncaster . he stood as stallion at middlethorpe , north yorkshire , where he proved highly popular , covering up to seventy mares a year . staveley was one of his first foals to appear on the racecourse . [ 3 ] shuttle sired several other good broodmares and racehorses including middlethorpe and pope ( known as shuttle pope to distinguish him from the 1809 derby winner ) . [ 4 ]
before the start of the 1808 season , bronze entered into the ownership of thomas goddard . she raced eight times in the year , winning twice and being placed four times , running mainly in minor races at provincial courses . she made her first appearance of the year at maddington in wiltshire on 8 june when she was beaten in a two mile sweepstakes by bucephalus . at bibury on 5 july she finished last of the five runners in the sherborne stakes , carrying a weight of 150 pounds and then finished last of three in a sweepstakes at the same course two days later . at stockbridge a week later she ran a dead heat in the first heat of a maiden plate , but failed to win the three subsequent heats , eventually finishing third to timekeeper . [ 13 ] in september , bronze was sent to compete at kingscote in gloucestershire . on the opening day of the meeting she won the kingscote stakes over three miles , beating four opponents including bucepahlus . two days later , carrying a weight of 154 pounds , she finished second to cambrian , in a sweepstakes over one mile . later the same day she finished last of the four runners behind bucephalus over two miles . bronze ended her racing career at chippenham on 27 september in a race run in a series of heats , with the prize going to the first horse to win twice . the mare finished fourth in the first heat , but won the next two heats to win the £50 purse . [ 14 ]
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trackwork three - time group i winner flamberge prepared for his tilt at a second goodwood handicap at morphettville in eight days time with a soft jumpout on friday .
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winx ' s staying power as one of the world ' s top rac . . .
t . j . comerford , assistant trainer for aidan o ' brie . . .
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jungle wax f & m ; class 1 handicap ( scaled - 1 . 0kg )
early favourite to take out saturday’s group 1 $ 1 , 000 , 000 robert sangster stakes ( 1200m ) in adelaide , local hope viddora has come up trumps with barrier one in the morphettville feature .
the world’s best racehorse , winx , has been celebrated by the australian turf club ( atc ) getting the warwick stakes renamed in her honour .
the championships day 2 results will be known shortly and you can stay up to date with all the news at horseracing . com . au .
she has only won over 1106 metres , and her biggest payday was in the $ 20 , 000 lindsay park racing mdn at benalla over 1106 metres on october 24th 2016 when she took home $ 11 , 000 . jockey regan bayliss brought the filly home to win by 0 . 2 lengths .
* state exclusions apply to some offers . please check t & cs ; of each offer with the bookmaker . all offers exclude nsw residents
, who is based at scone . she is sired by the stallion northern meteor out of the dam basra .
r5 cl1 $ 300 ( of $ 20 , 000 ) barrier 17 , winning time : 1 : 00 . 38 , sp : $ 41 . 00 in - running : 800m 4th , 400m 5th
r5 jardel cup $ 400 ( of $ 35 , 000 ) barrier 11 , winning time : 1 : 10 . 13 , sp : $ 16 in - running : 800m 2nd , 400m 3rd sectionals : 600m 0 : 36 . 180
r4 f & m cl1 $ 3 , 775 ( of $ 20 , 000 ) barrier 5 , winning time : 1 : 05 . 68 , sp : $ 9 in - running : 800m 2nd , 400m 2nd
r5 f & m bm58 $ 640 ( of $ 16 , 000 ) barrier 3 , winning time : 1 : 29 . 32 , sp : $ 4 . 60 in - running : settled 1st , 800m 1st , 400m 1st sectionals : 600m 0 : 37 . 340
r8 f & m bm64 $ 625 ( of $ 25 , 000 ) barrier 9 , winning time : 1 : 18 . 61 , sp : $ 13 in - running : 800m 6th , 400m 6th sectionals : 600m 0 : 36 . 400
r5 bm58 $ 640 ( of $ 16 , 000 ) barrier 4 , winning time : 1 : 11 . 56 , sp : $ 5 in - running : 800m 3rd , 400m 6th sectionals : 600m 0 : 35 . 760
r2 3yf mdn - sw $ 11 , 000 ( of $ 20 , 000 ) barrier 11 , winning time : 1 : 05 . 99 , sp : $ 3f in - running : 800m 1st , 400m 1st sectionals : 600m 0 : 35 . 000
r2 2y hcp $ 1 , 600 ( of $ 40 , 000 ) barrier 2 , winning time : 1 : 02 . 5 , sp : $ 9 in - running : 800m 4th , 400m 4th sectionals : 610m 0 : 35 . 140
r1 2y hcp $ 1 , 600 ( of $ 40 , 000 ) barrier 4 , winning time : 58 . 97 , sp : $ 5 . 50 in - running : 800m 4th , 400m 4th sectionals : 600m 0 : 35 . 060
r2 2y mdn - sw $ 1 , 840 ( of $ 23 , 000 ) barrier 6 , winning time : 1 : 05 . 72 , sp : $ 14 in - running : 800m 5th , 400m 5th sectionals : 600m 0 : 34 . 100
r3 2y - trl , winning time : 1 : 02 . 48 sectionals : 600m 0 : 36 . 840
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1 . book everything early ahead if possible for greek tourism , 2017 was an all - time record year with over 28 million visitors . the
a fantastic recipe for a cold winter’s day . this week we bring you the “giouvarlakia” recipe , as it is made by the locals . prep
we know that , when it comes to booking your train tickets online in greece , the company’s website can be a bit frustrating . let us guide
the gastronomy of the region is part of its tradition . the locals’ way of life , work and their habits are all reflected on their trade mark . this
at the taverns of the region one can enjoy the local cuisine . namely , the pies with the uncountable thin layers of pastry which women uniquely
saint george was a greek who became an officer in the roman army . his father was the greek gerondios from cappadocia asia minor and his mother
for those who do not know aiginion was the name of kalambaka town during the ancient period . the town of kalambaka being thousands of years old
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abstract children art in sandstone cave . black carbon paint of horses on sandstone wall , copy of prehistoric picture .
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contrast collage of black and white unicorn heads . horses have similiar geometrical lines and shape with angles . unicorns hang on white and black background .
stone bas - reliefs on the walls around the vittala temple in hampi , karnataka , india . unesco world heritage site . the famous tourist destination from goa .
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los angeles , usa - july 25 : wall graffiti on streets of west los angeles , ca on july 25 , 2015 .
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cartoon illustration of a framed painting , art of a fox hunter of horseback rider jumping .
abstract children art in cave . black carbon paint of human hunting on sandstone wall , copy of prehistoric picture . prehistoric drawings in cave . bison , mammoth , deer , caveman . primitive neanderthal art
anzac day illustration set . hand drawn watercolour drawing on white background , cutout . poppy flowers , slouch hat symbol , black and white graphic elements . to decorate posters , banners , cards , flyers .
white and blue nursery interior with a gray bed , a yellow armchair , cloud decoration and two vertical posters . 3d rendering mock up
stone bas - reliefs on the walls in temples hampi . carving stone ancient background . carved figures made of stone . unesco world heritage site . karnataka , india . beige background . royal enclosure .
mock up poster in christmas children ` s room . 3d illustration . 3d render
awesome seamless pattern with unicorn and star . magic unicorn in cartoon style . kids illustration for design prints , cards and birthday invitations . vector illustration .
cute vector seamless pattern . magic stars , comets , horses unicorns . hand drawn
intresting collage of four parts with diffeerents colorful unicorns . heads of the horses are yellow , red , violet and blue . animal has geometrical formes and straight lines . black wall background .
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unicorn head vector illustration . design for wall decoration , tattoo , bag , book , poster and t - shirt .
collection background with a petroglyphic ancient fresco about hunting . cave paintings of mammoths and antelopes .
vector cartoon illustration beautiful space unicorn . rainbow background . long blue starry mane , tail . golden hoof , horn . legendary creature . clip art isolated on white background . eps 10 without mesh .
bristol - nov 8 : view of a graffiti piece of donkeys with headphones by an unidentified artist on a city centre wall on nov 8 , 2010 in bristol , uk . bristol is famed for its graffiti and street art .
montreal canada july 02 2015 : street art montreal fumny granma . montreal . is the perfect place to walk in the back alleys and abandoned areas , looking for fresh air and street art .
taos , new mexico / usa - october 20 : mural depicting wild painted horses on walls of old town shown on october 20 , 2011 in taos , new mexico . taos is world famous for arts and culture .
adult coloring book , page a cute unicorn on the field for relaxing . zen art style illustration .
chinese traditional brick carving as decoration on a building wall , beijing , china .
bristol - november 8 : graffiti piece of two donkeys by an unidentified artist in the stokes croft area of the city on november 8 , 2010 in bristol , uk . bristol is famed for its graffiti and street art .
equestrian statue of king louis xiv in the courtyard of the louvre museum . made by gian lorenzo bernini . the ornate building , a former royal palace , is one of the world ' s largest famous museums .
adult coloring page , book a cute unicorn on the floral background for relaxing . zen art style illustration .
unicorn head . t - shirt graphic for kid ' s clothing . use for print , surface design , fashion wear
contrast weird wto parts collage of black and white unicorn heads . horses have similiar geometrical lines and shape with angles . unicorns hang on white and black background .
vector realistic isolated neon retro sign of unicorn for decoration and covering on the wall background .
adult coloring page , book an isolated unicorn for relaxing . zen art style illustration .
adult coloring book , page a cute unicorn on the abstract background for relaxing . zen art style illustration .
vector set of realistic isolated neon retro sign of unicorn for decoration and covering on the wall background .
be a unicorn in the field of horses quote . cute childish print with unicorn in floral frame . perfect for kids apparel , poster , baby shower card . vector illustration
magical unicorn . t - shirt graphic for kid ' s clothing . use for print , surface design , fashion wear
adult coloring book , page a cute unicorn on the background a image for relaxation . zen art style illustration .
cute unicorn mermaid decorated with shell and diamon seamless pattern on pastel background decorated mermaid tail skin .
adult coloring book , page a cute unicorn on the floral background for relaxing . zen art style illustration .
vector cute unicorn poster art . cartoon scandi nursery print . graphic pattern scandinavian style . nordic simple bedroom design for kids . children card . baby patch badge isolated on white background 14
dream big little one hand drawn watercolor poster for baby girl . dream big little one poster design . flying pony illustration art with
dream big little one
text .
hand drawn nursery birthday poster with magic unicorn in scandinavian style . wall art kids vector illustration .
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the oaks stakes preceded the epsom derby by one year , being first raced in 1779 and is consequently steeped in history and prestige as the forerunner to numerous “oaks” races around the world which are exclusively for the very best fillies .
the event is named after the oaks , an estate located to the east of epsom which was leased to the 12th earl of derby in the 18th century . he and his guests devised the race during a party at the estate in 1778 . it was first run in 1779 , one year before the introduction of the derby stakes . the inaugural winner , bridget , was owned by lord derby himself .
the oaks is the third of britain’s five classic races to be held during the season , and the second of two restricted to fillies . it can also serve as the middle leg of the fillies’ triple crown , preceded by the 1 , 000 guineas and followed by the st leger and last won by the legendary oh so sharp in 1985 .
the mile and a half test of three year old fillies around epsom downs is a major test of temperament , stamina and balance and has been won by some of the great fillies of turf history .
jockey dick goodisson won the first three renewals of the oaks on bridget in 1779 , tetotum in 1780 and faith the following year , but the most successful oaks jockey of all time hailed from the same era and was frank buckle .
one of the outstanding winners of the 19 th century was crucifix in 1840 , a filly who deserves to be mentioned among the all - time great fillies in history . she was unbeaten in 9 races at two and raced three times in 1840 , winning the 1 , 000 guineas , beating the colts in the 2 , 000 guineas and then landing the oaks .
it was reported that the epsom race suffered multiple false starts which delayed the race by an hour . at stud she was the dam of derby winner surplice .
another superstar from the era was formosa , who became the first to win the fillies’ triple crown and for good measure dead - heated with moslem in the 2 , 000 guineas , meaning she won four of the five classics on a remarkable season .
in 1876 camelia and enguerrande dead - heated for the oaks ; this was the second time a dead - heat had been recorded , however in 1858 , governess defeated gildermire in a run - off .
just two years later came the brilliant irish filly pretty polly , who won 15 consecutive races including the fillies’ triple crown of 1904 .
signorinetta won both the derby and oaks in 1908 . another outstanding pre - war filly was rockfel , who in 1938 landed the 1 , 000 guineas , oaks and champion stakes .
in 1918 the race was run at newmarket and won by stony ford who was subsequently disqualified for causing interference to my dear , who was awarded the race .
a year later the french - bred galatea also completed the guineas - oaks double and godiva repeated the feat in 1940 although her oaks was a wartime replacement at newmarket .
sun chariot won the fillies’ triple crown in 1942 , with the oaks once again run at newmarket because of world war ii . in the st leger this great filly defeated the derby winner watling street .
in 1945 sun stream won the last substitute oaks at newmarket , having already won the 1 , 000 guineas . musidora completed that double in 1949 and york’s high profile oaks trial to this day is run in her name .
in 1955 the exceptional meld became the fourth filly in the 20 th century to win the fillies’ triple crown and two years later the queen provided lester piggott with the first of his six oaks wins when carrozza was successful .
two years later piggott’s second oaks was achieved on the brilliant grey filly petite etoile , who also accomplished the guineas - oaks double in 1957 and proved top class for another two seasons .
never too late and sweet solera ensured that the guineas - oaks double took place on three successive years and the 1960s continued to make their mark when the irish filly noblesse slaughtered her oaks rivals by 10 lengths in 1963 .
sir noel murless enjoyed a purple patch with the oaks during this era and carrozza and petite etoile were followed by lupe and altesse royale winning in 1970 and 1971 . the latter filly also won the english 1 , 000 guineas and the irish oaks . mysterious landed a fifth oaks for murless in 1973 and she too had also won the guineas .
the french filly pawneese won the oaks in 1976 and followed up with victory in the king george at ascot and a year later , in silver jubilee year , the queen’s dunfermline won the oaks before inflicting a memorable defeat on the outstanding alleged in the st leger .
the following year saw sir michael stoute win his first english classic through fair salinia and the 1980s brought further top class winners .
blue wind romped home in the 1981 oaks for trainer dermot weld and jockey lester piggott and in 1982 the brilliant race mare time charter won her first group 1 in a top class renewal . she would later win a sun chariot stakes , champion stakes , coronation cup and king george in a stellar career .
in 1983 the maiden sun princess won the oaks on soft ground , landing the race by a record margin of 12 lengths . sun princess went on to prove herself outstanding , winning the yorkshire oaks and just failing in the arc .
lester piggott’s final oaks victory came courtesy of circus plume in 1984 but during that season he had also ridden the next oaks winner .
sadly for piggott , he had been replaced as sir henry cecil’s stable jockey by steve cauthen for the 1985 season – and missed the plum ride in the classics on the chestnut filly oh so sharp . having shown devastating speed to get up in the 1 , 000 guineas from a seemingly hopeless position a furlong out , she showed guts and class on rain - softened ground to defeat top class fillies like bella colora and triptych in the oaks , before landing the fillies’ triple crown in the st leger . no colt or filly has won a triple crown since .
in 1986 midway lady became the latest dual guineas - oaks heroine for jockey ray cochrane and in 1987 unite won a sad oaks which saw her main rival scimitarra break down when challenging in the home straight .
both fillies were owned by sheikh mohamed who had become a major influence on british racing at this time , having already won the race with oh so sharp and come close before then with awaasif .
in 1988 sheikh mohamed won the race again with sir henry cecil’s tiny filly diminuendo , who duly won the irish and yorkshire oaks .
controversy courted the 1989 race when the aga khan filly aliysa won the race easily but was subsequently disqualified when the banned substance camphor was found in her blood system . the race was consequently awarded to the sir henry cecil filly snow bride , who would later foal the great derby winner lammtarra .
in 1990 another exceptional filly landed the guineas - oaks double when salsabil won impressively at epsom . later that month she impressed again with a superb defeat of the derby winner quest for fame and the king george winner belmez , when she won the irish derby in brilliant style .
there was a surprise outcome in 1991 , when the hot favourite and 1 , 000 guineas winner shadayid failed to stay and the race was won in runaway fashion by the jim bolger trained jetski lady .
in 1992 clive brittain’s user friendly put her inexperience to one side and routed the hot favourite all at sea , before winning the irish oaks and st leger and narrowly failing in the arc .
intrepidity won the race in 1993 , another sheikh mohammed filly she was trained by andre fabre in france and broke the track record for the race .
salsabil’s feat of winning the oaks and irish derby was emulated a year later as sheikh mohammed’s experimental godolphin operation – which saw horses shipped to dubai for the winter months , proved a huge success with the victory of balanchine . the filly had just lost in the 1 , 000 guineas but provided frankie dettori with a first english classic win and followed - up with victory in the irish derby over king george winner king’s theatre .
another godolphin filly won the following year in the shape of moonshell , a filly formerly trained by sir henry cecil .
but cecil would gain his revenge and enjoyed his own purple patch at this time . lady carla annihilated her field in 1996 and in 1997 another cecil filly reams of verse won the race . two years later it was the turn of ramruna and in 2000 love divine made it four cecil victories in five renewals .


the fearful owl ( nesasio solomonensis ) is a medium-sized owl endemic to the solomon islands archipelago .

it is generally seen no more than 800 m above sea level , where it is found in tall lowland or hill forests .

fearful owl

the fearful owl is a medium - sized owl with no ear - tufts .
owl information . . . index of owl species . . . photos of various owl species for identification
the fearful owl is mostly mottled brown with deep ochre underparts and blackish streaks . it has a rufous facial disk and distinct white eyebrows . the inner edge of the facial disk is also white .
this is a lego scarecrow fearful face - off set from 2017 . this lego the lego batman movie set contains 134 pieces including 2 minifigs .
hunting & food : this owl feeds on possums and medium - sized birds .
burrowing owl head tilt . it ' s mr . dig ' s - live !
the serrations on the leading edge of an owl ' s flight feathers reduce noise .
ibiza owl , strigidae gen . et sp . indet . : prehistoric [ 2 ]
most owls are nocturnal , actively hunting for prey only under the cover of darkness . several types of owl , however , are crepuscular , or active during the twilight hours of dawn and dusk ; one example is the pygmy owl ( glaucidium ) . a few owls are also active during the day ; examples are the burrowing owl ( speotyto cunicularia ) and the short - eared owl ( asio flammeus ) .
breeding : the breeding habits of the fearful owl are not well known . nests are generally found high up in a large tree on the edge of a clearing , either in a hole in the trunk or a crack or hole in a limb . they will sometimes nest among epiphytes on large fig trees .
hawai ' i ' s only native owl , the pueo ( asio flammeus sandwichensis ) , is a short - eared owl subspecies found on all the chain ' s major islands . pueos may have descended from alaska forebears , taking hold in the islands after the first arriving polynesians brought owl food in the form of the pacific rat .
likewise , in romanian culture , the mournful call of an owl is thought to predict the death of somebody living in the neighborhood . such superstitions caused a minor disturbance when an owl showed up at romanian president ' s residence , cotroceni palace .
heinrich , b . 1993 . one man ' s owl . princeton , nj : princeton university press . isbn 0691000654 .
marcot , b . g . 2006 . appendix 2 : owl tales from africa . in b . g . marcot , d . h . johnson , and m . cocker , owls in lore and culture . the owl pages . retrieved september 23 , 2008 .
in greek mythology , the owl , and specifically the little owl ( athene noctua ) , was often associated with the goddess athena , a bird goddess who became associated with wisdom , the arts , and skills , and as a result , owls also became associated with wisdom .
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38 cm . massive forest owl . golden eyes framed by prominent creamy eyebrows , otherwise warm brown . streaked dark underparts and barred dark upperparts .
much of the owl ' s hunting strategy depends on stealth and surprise . owls have at least two adaptations that aid them in achieving stealth . first , the dull coloration of an owl ' s feathers can render them almost invisible under certain conditions . secondly , serrated edges on the leading edge of the owl ' s remiges muffle the owl ' s wingbeats , allowing its flight to be practically silent . some fish - eating owls , where this silence is of no hunting advantage , lack this adaptation . elf owls and burrowing owls also lack the feathers for silent flying .
massive forest owl . golden eyes framed by prominent creamy eyebrows , otherwise warm brown . streaked dark underparts and barred dark upperparts . similar spp . solomons islands hawk - owl ninox jacquinoti is much smaller ( 25 - 30 cm ) with plainer facial mask , dark eyes and faintly patterned underparts .
this article is part of project strigiformes , a all birds project that aims to write comprehensive articles on each owl , including made - up species .
this large owl is the top predator along with sanford’s fish - eagle haliaeetus sanfordi and is reported to feed mostly on northern common cuscus phalanger orientalis . phalangers were introduced to these islands in prehistoric times ; presumably the owl previously fed on the giant arboreal rats which are now very rare across their range .
olsen , p . d . & marks , j . s . ( 2018 ) . fearful owl ( nesasio solomonensis ) . in : del hoyo , j . , elliott , a . , sargatal , j . , christie , d . a . & de juana , e . ( eds . ) . handbook of the birds of the world alive . lynx edicions , barcelona . ( retrieved from urltoken on 9 july 2018 ) .
this article is part of project strigidae , a all birds project that aims to write comprehensive articles on each true owl , including made - up species .
this genus has only one species , a medium - sized owl with a rounded head with no ear - tufts . bill and talons are very powerful .
this large owl is the top predator along with sanford ' s fish - eagle haliaeetus sanfordi and is reported to feed mostly on northern common cuscus phalanger orientalis . phalangers were introduced to these islands in prehistoric times ; presumably the owl previously fed on the giant arboreal rats which are now very rare across their range .
in finland , the owl is paradoxically viewed as both a symbol of wisdom , and as a symbol of imbecility , presumably because of its
dumb stare .
calaprice , a . , and b . heinrich . 1990 . owl in the house : a naturalist ' s diary . boston : joy street books . isbn 0316354562 .
in indian culture , a white owl is considered a companion and vahana ( vehicle of god / goddess ) of lakshmi , the goddess of wealth , and therefore a harbinger of prosperity . in colloquial use , however , it is commonly used to refer to stupidity . the hindi word for owl , ulloo is used to refer to a foolish person .
in the welsh cycles of the mabinogion , the owl is considered cursed—the first owl was blodeuedd , a woman born of flowers to be the wife of lleu llaw gyffes . because she fell in love with another man and plotted to kill lleu , lleu ' s guardian gwydion turned her into the first owl , saying
you are never to show your face to the light of day , rather you shall fear other birds ; they will be hostile to you , and it will be their nature to maul and molest you wherever they find you . you will not lose your name but always be called blodeuwedd .
the addition of the w in her name changed her from a woman of flowers to an owl .
= 1 female ) . medium - sized , robust owl with powerful beak and talons . pale rufous facial disc , blackish around eyes , and white eyebrows ; crown and . . .
the short - eared owl is one of the few species that seems to have benefited from strip - mining . it nests on reclaimed and replanted mines south of its normal breeding range .
the romans , in addition to having borrowed the greek associations of the owl , also considered owls to be funerary birds , due to their nocturnal activity and often having their nests in inaccessible places . as a result , seeing an owl in the daytime was considered a bad omen . for example , in book 12 of virgil ' s aeneid , an owl appears before turnus toward the end of his battle with aeneas , prefiguring his death , and
a strange , numbing dread / washed through turnus ' body ; his hair / bristled with fear ; his voice stuck in his throat
( virgil 29 - 19 b . c . e . , transl . 2005 ) . the vampiric strix of roman mythology was in part based on the owl .
ancient egyptians used a representation of an owl for their hieroglyph for the sound m . they would often draw this hieroglyph with its legs broken to keep this bird of prey from coming to life .
the oldest short - eared owl on record was at least 4 years , 4 months old when it was shot in california in 1970 , wearing a band that had been applied in british columbia in 1966 .
in many parts of the world , owls have been associated with death and misfortune , likely due to their nocturnal activity and common screeching call . however , owls have also been associated with wisdom and prosperity , frequently being companion animals for goddesses . in hindu mythology , the barn owl is considered to be vehicle of goddess lakshmi ( goddess of wealth ) and , thus , it is considered lucky if an owl resides near one ' s house .
norberg , r . a . 1977 . occurrence and independent evolution of bilateral ear asymmetry in owls and implications on owl taxonomy . philosophical transactions of the royal society of london , series b , biological sciences . 280 : 375 - 408 .
valentijn van den brink , vassilissa dolivo , xavier falourd , amélie n . dreiss , alexandre roulin ; melanic color - dependent antipredator behavior strategies in barn owl nestlings , behavioral ecology , volume 23 , issue 3 , 1 may 2012 , pages 473–480 , urltoken
once prey has been captured , the owl ' s sharp beak and powerful talons , or clawed feet , allow it to kill its prey before swallowing it whole ( unless it is too big ) . scientists studying the diets of owls are helped by their habit of regurgitating the indigestible parts of their prey ( such as bones , scales , and fur ) in the form of pellets . these
owl pellets
are often sold by companies to schools to be dissected by students as a lesson in biology and ecology , because they are plentiful and easy to interpret .
the aztecs and mayans , along with other natives of mesoamerica , considered the owl a symbol of death and destruction . in fact , the aztec god of death , mictlantecuhtli , was often depicted with owls . there is an old saying in mexico that is still in use ( considered politically incorrect ) : cuando el tecolote canta , el indio muere (
when the owl cries / sings , the indian dies
) . the popol vuh , a mayan religious text , describes owls as messengers of xibalba ( the mayan
place of fright
) ( meta religion 2007 ) .
two pregnant female cats , two very different stories . one well - socialized cat who is currently loved and cared for , and one unsocialized , clearly feral cat who melted into the woods and hasn’t been seen since . but what if both of those cats had been trapped and taken to an unfamiliar place , perhaps a rescue or a shelter ? how differently would they have behaved then ? both cats might have been extremely fearful for the first few days , so how would one distinguish a truly feral , unsocialized cat from one who is afraid of a new environment but is comfortable with people ?
among the kikuyu of kenya it was believed that owls were harbingers of death . if one saw an owl or heard its hoot , someone was going to die . in general , owls are viewed as harbingers of bad luck , ill health , or death . the belief is widespread even today ( marcot 2006 ) .
number of breathing movements per minute recorded as result of handling stress in relation to siblings’ spot diameter in the barn owl . we calculated mean values so that each nest only appears once . pearson’s correlation is r = −0 . 68 , n = 9 nests , p = 0 . 04 . regression line is drawn for illustrative purpose .
in the culture of the hopi nation , taboos surround owls and they are associated with evil or sorcery . in the united states , as with eagle feathers , the possession of owl feathers as religious objects is regulated by federal law ( for example , the migratory bird treaty act of 1918 and title 50 part 22 code of federal regulations ) .
finally , we show that colony foraging , the result of mass recruitment , was more affected by fear than individual foraging choice . mass recruitment is a key foraging strategy of highly social bees [ 56 ] , [ 67 ] , which are also important pollinators in ecosystems around the world [ 68 ] – [ 70 ] . thus , understanding the emergent effects of fear at the superorganism level , how colonies differ in fearful behavior from their individual members , will give us a better understanding of how fear has shaped the evolution of bee foraging and how the effects of fear can be amplified at the colony level , thereby exerting a wider effect on a vital ecosystem service , pollination .
in recent years , many owls have moved from their previous rural habitats to inhabit urban areas . the tawny owl has been a common visitor to cities across the united kingdom for about forty years , where it survives on a diet of pigeons and small birds . owls in urban areas are also known to prey on new - born kittens ( gettys 2004 ) .
owl eggs are usually white and almost spherical , and range in number from a few to a dozen , depending on species . the eggs are laid in intervals of 1 to 3 days and do not hatch at the same time . this accounts for the wide variation in the size of sibling nestlings . owls do not construct nests but rather look for a sheltered nesting site or an abandoned nest , in trees , underground burrows , or in buildings , barns , and caves .
this enigmatic species is classified as vulnerable on the basis of a small subpopulations on three island which are declining through habitat degradation . however , its total population size and habitat requirements are poorly known .
recommended citation birdlife international ( 2018 ) species factsheet : nesasio solomonensis . downloaded from urltoken on 09 / 07 / 2018 . recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species : birdlife international ( 2018 ) iucn red list for birds . downloaded from urltoken on 09 / 07 / 2018 .
affinities uncertain . sometimes combined with asio , and usually recognized as offshoot , but more likely a primitive or relict form . monotypic .
poorly known . local inhabitants report a single drawn - out note with ghostly , mournful human quality . . .
mostly primary and tall secondary lowland and hill forest , to c . 800 m elevation on santa isabel .
little information . mainly phalangers , especially phalanger orientalis , and possums ; also medium - sized birds .
little information . vocal activity on santa isabel greatest from jun–sept , suggesting breeding around that period . reportedly nests . . .
vulnerable . cites ii . restricted - range species : present in solomon group eba . generally rare and local , and wary of humans ; thus little known . global population estimated at . . .
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this map displays aggregated data from ibc and my birding ( anonymously ) ; markers do not indicate precise localities .
the immature was able to fly and calling before dark and also around dawn . it was not far from the nest from where it fledged .
adult at c . 2s and later the immature . the immature was able to fly .
sonogram images © xeno - canto foundation . sonogram images share the same license terms as the recording they depict .
description : the facial disc is dusky around the eyes , becoming rufous towards the prominent rim . the eyebrows and lores are white , forming a prominent white
x
on the face . the eyes are bright yellow . the cere is dark grey , and the bill is blackish and very powerful . the crown and nape are yellowish - brown or ochre - buff , with a rufous tinge , and distinctly streaked and barred dark . the wing - coverts are similar , but the markings are smaller . the scapulars are yellowish - tawny , with brown shaft - streaks and a few brown cross - bars . the primaries and secondaries are distinctly barred paler and darker brown . the underparts are deep ochre with narrow dark brown to blackish shaft - streaks . tarsi are feathered tawny to the base of the bristled ashy - grey toes . claws are very powerful and coloured horn with darker tips .
size : length about 38cm . wing length about 300mm . tail length about 170mm . no weight data available .
voice : reportedly a single drawn - out mournful note , rising in pitch at the end .
habitat : primary and tall secondary lowland forest and hill forest . mostly found in lowlands and hills up to about 800m elevation on santa isabel .
original description : hartert , ernst johann otto . 1901 . bulletin of the british ornithologists ' club ( bboc ) 12 : p . 25 .
boyer and hume . 1991 .
owls of the world
. booksales inc .
burton , john a . . 1984 .
owls of the world : their evolution , structure and ecology ( rev . ed . )
. tanager books .
del hoyo , elliott & sargatal . 1999 .
handbook of the birds of the world : barn owls to hummingbirds
. buteo books .
könig , claus & weick , friedhelm . 2008 .
owls : a guide to the owls of the world ( second edition )
. yale university press .
könig , weick and becking . 1999 .
owls : a guide to the owls of the world
. yale university press .
mikkola , heimo . 2013 .
owls of the world : a photographic guide ( second edition )
. bloomsbury .
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thank you for taking the time to provide feedback on the iucn red list of threatened species website , we are grateful for your input .
del hoyo , j . , collar , n . j . , christie , d . a . , elliott , a . and fishpool , l . d . c . 2014 . hbw and birdlife international illustrated checklist of the birds of the world . volume 1 : non - passerines . lynx edicions birdlife international , barcelona , spain and cambridge , uk .
is much smaller ( 25 - 30 cm ) with plainer facial mask , dark eyes and faintly patterned underparts .
similar to clear human cry , increasing in volume and tone , given as series at 10 second intervals .
rarely seen unless a local guide knows of regular roost or nest - sites .
derhé , m . , dutson , g . , mahood , s . , o ' brien , a . , stattersfield , a . & north , a .
. there are also possible reports from buka . it is presumed to be a species of low population density as it is rarely seen and no more than one bird has been heard calling from any location . all records are from old - growth forest .
. all records are from old - growth lowland and hill forest , usually in primary forest but also in adjacent secondary forest and forest edge to at least 2 , 000 m ( gardner 1987 , webb 1992 , g . dutson pers . obs . 1998 , dutson 2011 )
survey to determine population densities in primary and logged forest , hunted and unhunted areas and at various altitudes . monitor population trends around tirotonga . research diet and breeding success at tirotonga . lobby for tighter controls of commercial logging , especially on choiseul . discuss possibilities of large - scale community - based conservation areas on all three islands . promote this species as a figurehead species for community - based conservation and ecotourism initiatives .
to make use of this information , please check the < terms of use > .
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myavibase allows you to create and manage your own lifelists , and produce useful reports to help you plan your next birding excursion .
there are more than 12 , 000 regional checklists in avibase , offered in 9 different taxonomies , including synonyms more than 175 languages . each checklist can be viewed with photos shared by the birding community , and also printed as pdf checklists for field use .
there are a few ways by which you can help the development of this page , such as joining the flickr group for photos or providing translations of the site in addition languages .
howard and moore 4th edition ( incl . corrigenda vol . 1 - 2 ) :
you must be logged in to view your sighting details . to register to myavibase click here .
avibase has been visited 263 , 292 , 547 times since 24 june 2003 . © denis lepage | privacy policy
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english - german online dictionary developed to help you share your knowledge with others . more information ! contains translations by tu chemnitz and mr honey ' s business dictionary ( german - english ) . thanks on that account ! links to this dictionary or to single translations are very welcome ! questions and answers
all records are from lowland and hill forest to 700 m , usually in primary forest but also in adjacent secondary forest and forest edge .
three nests on isabel were on ephiphyte - covered branches of huge fig trees , one was in primary forest , the other two in forest edge close to many gardens .
avibirds , almere , netherlands 2001 - 2012 - your source to the birds of europe . contact ? mail us : info { @ } avibirds . com
the articles or images on this page are the sole property of the authors or photographers .
throughout history , crows , ravens and other black birds were feared as symbols of evil or death . …
please note : any content published on this site is commentary or opinion , and is protected under free speech . it is only provided for educational and entertainment purposes , and is in no way intended as a substitute for professional advice . avianweb / beautyofbirds or any of their authors / publishers assume no responsibility for the use or misuse of any of the published material . your use of this website indicates your agreement to these terms .
they are found in all regions of the earth except antarctica , most of greenland , and some remote islands .
though owls are typically solitary , the literary collective noun for a group of owls is a parliament .
owls have large forward - facing eyes and ear - holes , a hawk - like beak , a flat face , and usually a conspicuous circle of feathers around each eye called a facial disk . although owls have binocular vision , their large eyes are fixed in their sockets , as with other birds , and they must turn their entire head to change views . they can turn their head 135 degrees in either direction ; they can thus look behind their own shoulders .
owls are far - sighted , and are unable to see anything clearly within a few inches of their eyes . their far vision , particularly in low light , is exceptionally good .
different species of owls make different sounds ; the wide range of calls aids owls in finding mates or announcing their presence to potential competitors , and also aids ornithologists and birders in locating these birds and recognizing species . the facial disc helps to funnel the sound of prey to their ears . in many species , these are placed asymmetrically , for better directional location ( cotty 2008 ) .
the systematic placement of owls is disputed . for example , the sibley - ahlquist taxonomy finds that , based on dna - dna hybridization , owls are more closely related to the nightjars and their allies ( caprimulgiformes ) than to the diurnal predators in the order falconiformes ; consequently , the caprimulgiformes are placed in the strigiformes , and the owls in general become a family strigidae . this is not supported by more recent research . cite error : closing < / ref > missing for < ref > tag
eostrix ( early eocene of wc usa and england—middle eocene of wc u . s . )
minerva ( middle–late eocene of w u . s . ) —formerly protostrix , includes
aquila
ferox ,
aquila
lydekkeri , and
bubo
leptosteus
genus tyto : typical barn - owls , stand up to 3 feet ( 0 . 91 meters ) tall , some 15 species and possibly one recently extinct
owls have been a feature of falconry for years . ( falconry is the art or sport that involves the use of trained raptors , birds of prey , to hunt or pursue game for humans ) .
henry david thoreau summarized one perception of owls , when he wrote in 1854 ' s walden ,
i rejoice that there are owls . let them do the idiotic and maniacal hooting for men . it is a sound admirably suited to swamps and twilight woods which no day illustrates , suggesting a vast and underdeveloped nature which men have not recognized . they represent the stark twilight and unsatisfied thoughts which all [ men ] have .
in japanese culture , owls are seen as either negative or positive symbols depending on species . sometimes owls are seen as divine messengers of the gods , while barn or horned owls are perceived as demonic figures .
the demoness lilith is thought to have been associated with ( screech ) owls as well , by way of the king james version ( kjv ) translation of the passage in isaiah 34 : 14 . prior to the rise of islam , owls were considered bad omens and associated with evil spirits in most middle eastern pagan traditions . in modern times , although such superstitions are less prevalent , owls are still popularly considered
evil
because of their fierce , horrific appearance .
in the malay language , owls are called
burung hantu ,
literally
ghost bird .
in france , a difference is made between hiboux , eared owls , which are considered symbols of wisdom , and chouettes , earless owls ( those without ear tufts , genus strix ) , which are considered birds of ill omen .
alvarenga , h . m . f . , and e . höfling . 2003 . systematic revision of the phorusrhacidae ( aves : ralliformes ) . papéis avulsos de zoologia 43 ( 4 ) : 55 - 91
farner , d . s . , j . r . king , and k . c . parkes . 1993 . avian biology . new york : academic press . isbn 0122494091 .
gettys , t . 2004 . owls culprits in cat deaths . enquirer august 26 , 2004 .
haaramo , m . 2006 . caprimulgiformes : nightjars . mikko ' s phylogeny archive . retrieved september 23 , 2008 .
johnsgard , p . a . 2002 . north american owls : biology and natural history . washington , dc : smithsonian institution press . isbn 1560989394 .
mayr , g . 2005 .
old world phorusrhacids
( aves , phorusrhacidae ) : a new look at strigogyps (
aenigmavis
) sapea ( peters 1987 ) . paleobios 25 ( 1 ) : 11 - 16 . retrieved september 23 , 2008 .
meta religion . 2007 . the popol vuh . urltoken . retrieved september 23 , 2008 .
mortimer , m . 2004 . cladogram : theropoda . the theropod database . retrieved september 23 , 2008 .
olson , s . l . 1985 . the fossil record of birds . in d . s . farner , j . r . king , and k . c . parkes . ( eds . ) . avian biology , volume 8 . orlando : academic press . isbn 0122494083 .
peters , d . s . 2007 . the fossil family ameghinornithidae ( mourer - chauviré 1981 ) : a short synopsis . journal of ornithology 148 ( 1 ) : 25 - 28 . retrieved september 23 , 2008 .
sánchez marco , a . 2004 . avian zoogeographical patterns during the quaternary in the mediterranean region and paleoclimatic interpretation . ardeola 51 ( 1 ) : 91 - 132 . retrieved september 23 , 2008 .
sibley , c . gald , and b . l . monroe . 1990 . distribution and taxonomy of the birds of the world : a study in molecular evolution . new haven , ct : yale university press . isbn 0300049692 .
virgil . between 29 and 19 b . c . e . ( translation 2005 by stanley lombardo ) . aeneid . indianapolis : hackett . 12 . 1047 - 49 .
new world encyclopedia writers and editors rewrote and completed the wikipedia article in accordance with new world encyclopedia standards . this article abides by terms of the creative commons cc - by - sa 3 . 0 license ( cc - by - sa ) , which may be used and disseminated with proper attribution . credit is due under the terms of this license that can reference both the new world encyclopedia contributors and the selfless volunteer contributors of the wikimedia foundation . to cite this article click here for a list of acceptable citing formats . the history of earlier contributions by wikipedians is accessible to researchers here :
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rarest bird in the world : the cone - billed tanager , the mystery .
atlapetes blancae , 8 years later , still not found . wish or species ?
this article is part of project aves , a all birds project that aims to write comprehensive articles on each bird , including made - up species .
this article is part of project monotypic genera , a all birds project that aims to write comprehensive articles on each monotypic genera , including made - up species .
this article is part of project bird genera , a all birds project that aims to write comprehensive articles on each genus , including made - up genera .
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this open - country hunter is one of the world ' s most widely distributed owls , and among the most frequently seen in daylight . don ' t look too eagerly for the ear tufts , which are so short they ' re often invisible . more conspicuous features are its black - rimmed yellow eyes staring out from a pale facial disk . these birds course silently over grasslands on broad , rounded wings , especially at dawn and dusk . they use acute hearing to hunt small mammals and birds .
unless you live in the northern u . s . or canada , you ' ll want to look for short - eared owls during winter . look for open fields , grasslands , or airports and visit near dawn or dusk for your best chance of finding them . they may be sitting directly on the ground or flying low and erratically as they hunt . they often cover great distances in a crisscrossing or roughly circular route , so if one flies out of sight be patient—it may come back for a return visit .
as suggested by their wide global distribution , short - eared owls can travel long distances over vast expanses of ocean . witnesses have reported seeing these owls descending on ships hundreds of miles from land .
normally reluctant to leave the nest , female short - eared owls that are forced to flush often defecate on their eggs . the resulting putrid smell may repel predators or mask the scent of the nest .
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because of the short time interval , the number of inductions within the same night cannot be considered as independent events . ideally , to obtain reliable repeatability estimates of hissing behavior , we should have repeated the measurements on several independent visits . we therefore calculated repeatability over the consecutive measurements made on the same night to decide whether we can calculate a mean hissing value .
if the different behavioral traits are correlated with each other , this could indicate that differences between individuals are part of different antipredator strategies . to investigate possible covariation between the measured behavioral traits , we calculated mean values per individual for each behavioral trait ( breathing rate , tonic immobility duration , and number of attempts and docility score ) . not all traits were normally distributed , and because transformations did not improve normality , we used nonparametric spearman’s rank correlations .
statistical analyses were performed using the software programs jmp 7 . 1 and sas v9 . 1 ( sas institute inc . ) . to analyze tonic immobility test in relation to spot diameter , we considered only the 37 cross - fostered nestlings and calculated the mean of the 1–3 recorded values . in a mixed model analysis of covariance ( ancova ) , we entered the nest of rearing as a random variable , nestling sex as a factor , and nestling age and body mass as well as spot diameter of the biological and foster mothers and fathers as 6 covariates , and the interaction between sex and spot diameter was also included . a similar procedure was applied to breathing rate . in these tests , we were able to enter sex as a factor in the model because contrary to the hissing experiment here , we obtained a behavioral value for each individual nestling .
we analyzed nestling docility with a general linear mixed model . separate models were built to assess the association between docility and spot diameter of cross - fostered nestlings or of the biological and foster parents . we analyzed cross - fostered nestlings separately so that we could assess the influence of color traits of the biological and foster parents on the behavior . other factors in the models were nestling sex , nestling age , brood size , spot diameter of the nestlings or of the parents , and two - way interactions . for the model including nestling spot diameter , we added nestling nested in nest of rearing as a random factor to account for multiple measurements of the same individual . in addition to this , for the models with parental spot diameter , year and identity of the parent were added as random factors to account for multiple nestlings and multiple breeding seasons of the same individual . all statistical analyses are two - tailed and p values smaller than 0 . 05 considered significant . nonsignificant variables were removed one after the other starting with the least significant interactions . means are quoted ±se .
energy contained in hissing calls ( log + 1 transformed ) in relation to residual nestling spot diameter in nestling barn owls . mean values per nest were calculated so that each nest appears only once in the figure . we extracted residual nestling spot diameter to remove variation explained by sex . regression line is drawn for illustrative purpose . least squares values from the statistical model presented in the results are presented .
when put on their back , nestlings took on average 62 . 8 ± 4 . 1 s to turn over and stand again on their feet . the mean speed with which nestlings turned back on their feet was significantly repeatable between days ( r = 0 . 19 ± 0 . 07 ; f 68 , 101 = 1 . 58 , p = 0 . 018 ) . in a mixed model ancova with the nest of origin entered as a random variable , nestlings stood up on their feet quicker when their biological mother displayed smaller than large black spots ( f 1 , 6 . 9 = 13 . 24 , p = 0 . 0085 ; figure 2a ) ; spot diameter of the biological father and of the 2 foster parents were not significant ( p values > 0 . 21 ) . when replacing maternal spot diameter by nestling spot diameter , the relationship was no longer significant ( f 1 , 30 . 43 = 0 . 43 , p = 0 . 51 ) . the interaction terms , nestling sex and age were never significant and hence removed from the final models .
breathing rate was repeatable within nestlings in consecutive visits ( r = 0 . 32 ± 0 . 06 ; f 47 , 93 = 2 . 305 , p = 0 . 0027 ) . when considering only the 29 cross - fostered nestlings for which we measured breathing rate , this variable was not associated with spot diameter measured in the biological and foster parents ( mixed model ancova , p values > 0 . 10 ) . in a similar model using spot diameter measured in the nestlings themselves instead of in parents , individuals displaying larger black spots made fewer breathing movements per minute ( figure 3 ; mixed model ancova : f 1 , 14 . 51 = 5 . 90 , p = 0 . 029 ; nestling sex and age were not significant ) . when measured in all nestlings , including noncross - fostered ones this was also significant ( f 1 , 40 . 1 = 4 . 56 , p = 0 . 04 ) .
mean docility score of nestling barn owls raised by foster parents in relation to the spot diameter of the biological father . a higher score means the individuals are less docile ( see explanation in materials and methods ) . we calculated mean sibling values so that a single value per foster parent pair is presented in the figure .
most individually tested traits were correlated with each other . breathing rate was negatively correlated with tonic immobility duration ( spearman’s correlation , r s = −0 . 48 , n = 70 individuals , p = 0 . 0004 ) and positively with tonic immobility number of attempts ( r s = 0 . 34 , n = 70 , p = 0 . 018 ) . the tonic immobility duration was negatively correlated with the number of attempts needed to induce tonic immobility ( r s = −0 . 67 , n = 70 , p < 0 . 0001 ) . finally , less docile nestlings breathed at a higher rate ( r s = 0 . 35 , n = 70 , p = 0 . 014 ) , tended to stay less long on their back ( r s = −0 . 23 , n = 70 , p = 0 . 058 ) , and hissed at a lower level than docile individuals ( r s = −0 . 63 , n = 16 nests , p = 0 . 009 ) .
even though the tonic immobility test is widely regarded as a measure of fear in poultry ( jones 1986 ) , differences in duration can also be regarded as different strategies ( erhard et al . 1999 ) . tonic immobility might increase survival chances after an attack , as demonstrated in ducks ( sargeant and eberhardt 1975 ) and quails ( thompson et al . 1981 ) . it can even be interpreted as a calculating , selfish strategy , where an individual tries to divert attention away from itself to redirect it toward its conspecifics , which are still moving ( miyatake et al . 2009 ) . the negative association we found between tonic immobility and breathing rate supports the idea that in barn owls , tonic immobility is a calculating strategy because a higher breathing rate , which is an indicator of stress , goes together with shorter tonic immobility duration and more attempts needed to induce it .
the study was financed by the swiss national science foundation ( grants no . ppooa - 102913 and 31003a _ 120517 to a . r . ) .
we would like to thank 2 anonymous reviewers who commented on an earlier version of our manuscript .
© the author 2011 . published by oxford university press on behalf of the international society for behavioral ecology . all rights reserved . for permissions , please e - mail : journals . permissions @ urltoken
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we are working to add a link to each of the following owls for more info : only some have been added so far . look for the 🙂
patricia mcconnell , ph . d . , a certified applied animal behaviorist , has made a lifelong commitment to improving the relationship between people and animals .
our resident cats , nellie and her daughter polly , arrived almost two years ago thanks to friends who found a starving , half - dead adolescent cat in their yard . they took her in and nursed her back to health–which included discovering that she was pregnant , helping her raise five kittens and finding them all wonderful homes . no one ever wondered if nellie had been a feral cat : she walked up to the first person she saw and began rubbing and purring , behavior that she continues to this day . if you came to visit the farm she would behave as if you are the most wonderful thing that has happened to her all week . nellie , the feline labrador .
this is the question asked by margaret slater , dvm , phd and emily weiss at the aspca . how does one know if a cat is afraid of a new environment or afraid of a new environment and of people ? note the question is not “is this cat adoptable ? ” , or “is this cat aggressive ? ” , the question is : has this cat been socialized or not ? this is an important question when one wants to find an appropriate home for a cat , whether in a shelter or found in someone’s backyard .
the authors evaluated almost 300 cats in a shelter setting for 3 days and evaluated their behavior over 4 observation periods . some cats were owned and well - socialized and just “loaned” to the shelter for the study , while other cats had been found as strays . they conducted behavioral assessments that included extending a hand toward the cat , jiggling a toy in front of the cat and stroking it with a spatula ( a firm but flexible object ) .
here is a brief summary of some of their findings , but you can read more about it and also watch a free webinar from dr . slater about the study on the aspcapro website . i watched it last week and found it fascinating .
meanwhile , back on the farm : this is all highly relevant , because there are now three , count them three , stray cats visiting the farm with increasing frequency . a black , a black and white , and a creamy orange who i recently saw strolling into my garage as if he owned it . sigh . i will be checking with neighbors soon , and at least making sure that the cats are spayed or neutered . if not , and if they are truly strays , i’ll trap them and have them neutered . we don’t need any more feral cats wandering the woods in southern wisconsin .
our cats appear to be thrilled that the weather has moderated . they are spending lots of time playing with each other and dashing up tree trunks . but they still love sleeping in the garage . here’s momma nellie in her “igloo , ” where she and polly spent much of the winter curled up on top of the heating pad we added once the temperature went under zero at night .
this is not exactly a typical portrait of a cat , but i was intrigued by polly’s ability to turn her head almost 180 degrees with little visible effort . i keep looking back at the photo to help my brain sort it out . ( don’t worry , her head didn’t keep going around 360 degrees . an exorcism was not required . )
is it possible for a cat to be minimally feral ? i got my cat when she was about 3 months old and i am single living in my home . my cat , paris , hid for about the first year i had her and if i even attempted to hold her she would scramble until i let her go . eventually i found she only liked being pet around her back end and of course her being rubbed on her jaws , and that was only the “lucky” attempts when i would approach her . i did however , let her outside a few months after i got her and she would always return home for her wet food i would give her in the morning that she adored .
then when she was about 3 she got hit by a car or had a pretty bad head injury because she came home with her eye coming out of her head . i quickly rushed her to the er at 2am and when she came home and was better she was so much cuddlier . she started letting me hold her for longer periods of time , she would sit on my lap and i noticed when she would lay nearby she would relax totally not just being on all fours ready to pounce if needed . i thought this was really interesting .
now she is 5 and still doesn’t like being held for more than 30 seconds and even that time frame is for me not for her = ) she will lay on my lap sometimes but i think she enjoys laying in my vicinity more than anything . she does love my dog though . i got my dog when she was about 2 and now she completely adores him . when we come home for walks she will rub circles around his legs and will attempt to lay by him at night . my dog just get up and walks away – i think it’s so funny how much she shoes affection for him yet , he could do without her .
hadn’t given it much thought but i don’t recall that he did any of the behaviours ( rub , touch , play , knead , chirp ) the first few years he was with me . he’d allow himself to be held — under protest ( paws planted on my chest , pushing himself away ) , and only for a little while . he’d allow some petting and brushing — but never returned the favor in any form although he has not been a biter , hiss - er , or claw - er . eventually he made his peace with bailey , the mistress of the house who was and remains the first cat . she allows him space on one of the loveseats and , rarely , to sleep on a corner of the bottom of the bed .
yogi ( dog ) has become baxter’s special friend the past two years or so , even though they don’t speak the same language . baxter will stroll into the house and allow himself to be sniffed all over by yogi . i think this is yogi’s “where have you been and what have you been doing ? ” greeting and information gathering . then baxter will rub his head on yogi’s chest and chin , which always causes yogi to look at me with an anxious expression as if to ask “must i allow this ? ” before throwing himself on his back in a cat’s invitation to play . which confuses yogi completely as he will get up and walk around him , inspecting baxter further for any injuries or reason as to why he’s suddenly flung himself down .