oligodon is genus of colubrid snakes that was first described by the austrian zoologist fitzinger in 1826 .

this genus is widespread throughout central and tropical asia .

oligodon

oligodon everetti boulenger 1893 : 524 oligodon everetti — manthey 1983 oligodon everetti — manthey & grossmann 1997 : 369 oligodon everetti — malkmus et al . 2002 oligodon everetti — wallach et al . 2014 : 487 oligodon everetti — wallach et al . 2014 : 497
keywords : reptilia , quang nam province , hemipenis , maxillary teeth , oligodon chinensis , oligodon culaochamensis sp . nov .
coronella taeniolata jerdon 1853 : 528 ( nomen protectum ) coluber taeniolatus daudin 1803 ( nomen oblitum ) oligodon taeniolatus — wall 1921 xenodon dubium jerdon 1853 ( fide smith 1943 ) oligodon subgriseum duméril & bibron 1854 : 59 ( fide smith 1943 ) oligodon subgriseus — günther 1864 ( fide smith 1943 ) oligodon spilonotus günther 1864 ( fide smith 1943 ) oligodon fasciatus — günther 1864 ( fide smith 1943 ) oligodon elliotti — günther 1864 ( fide smith 1943 ) oligodon subgriseus alternans bethancourt - ferreira 1897 ( fide smith ) oligodon subgriseus — wall 1905 : 298 oligodon elliottii — wall 1909 : 533 oligodon taeniolatus var . ceylonicus wall 1921 : 240 ( fide smith 1943 ) oligodon taeniolatus — smith 1943 : 223 contia transcaspica nikolsky 1903 ( fide khalikov , pers . comm . ) oligodon taeniolatus — das 1996 : 58 oligodon taeniolatus ceylonicus — janzen et al . 2007 oligodon taeniolatus — wallach et al . 2014 : 503 oligodon taeniolatus fasciatus ( günther 1864 ) oligodon taeniolatus fasciatus — murthy 2010
simotes taeniatus günther 1861 : 267 simotes quadrilineatus jan & sordelli 1865 simotes quadrilineatus jan 1866 : 7 ( fide saint - girons 1972 , david et al . 2008 ) simotes taeniatus — boulenger 1894 : 227 simotes taeniatus var . mouhoti boulenger 1914 : 70 ( fide smith 1943 ) holarchus taeniatus taeniatus — cochran 1930 oligodon taeniatus — smith 1943 : 208 oligodon quadrilineatus — smith 1943 : 210 oligodon quadrilineatus — taylor 1965 oligodon taeniatus — manthey & grossmann 1997 : 372 oligodon taeniatus — cox et al . 1998 : 61 oligodon quadrilineatus — zug et al . 1998 oligodon quadrilineatus — chan - ard et al . 1999 : 176 oligodon taeniatus — chan - ard et al . 1999 : 34 oligodon taeniatus — green et al . 2010 oligodon quadrilineatus — das 2012 oligodon taeniatus — wallach et al . 2014 : 503
wagner , f . w . ( 1975 ) a revision of the asian colubrid snakes oligodon cinereus ( günther ) , oligodon joynsoni ( smith ) , and oligodon cyclurus ( cantor ) . unpublished ms thesis , baton rouge , louisiana state university , 97 pp .
reptilia , hon ba , hemipenis , indochina , maxillary teeth , oligodon condaoensis sp . nov .
coronella cyclura cantor 1839 : 50 coronella violacea cantor 1839 simotes bicatenatus günther 1864 simotes cochinchinensis günther 1864 simotes brevicauda steindachner 1867 simotes bicatenatus — anderson 1871 : 170 simotes bicatenatus — stoliczka 1873 simotes cyclurus — boulenger 1890 simotes cyclurus — wall 1908 : 780 simotes albocinctus dorsolateralis wall 1909 ( fide wagner , pers . comm . ) simotes albocinctus var . dorsolateralis — wall 1910 holarchus cyclurus — smith 1920 oligodon purpurascens wall 1923 ( non schlegel ) simotes smithi werner 1925 ( fide smith 1928 ) holarchus purpurascens — cochran 1930 oligodon cyclurus — smith 1943 : 202 oligodon dorsolateralis — taylor 1965 rhynchocalamus violaceus olygodon [ sic ] cyclurus — schulz 1988 oligodon dorsolateralis — das 1996 : 58 oligodon dorsolateralis — chan - ard et al . 1999 : 34 oligodon dorsolateralis — pauwels et al . 2002 oligodon cyclurus — green et al . 2010 oligodon cyclurus — david et al . 2011 oligodon cyclurus — wallach et al . 2014 : 496
reptilia , thailand , oligodon saiyok sp . nov . , new species , taxonomy , limestone cave , buddhist temple
elaps octo - lineatus schneider 1801 : 299 coluber octolineatus — shaw 1802 coronella octolineata — boie 1827 simotes octolineatus — duméril , bibron & duméril 1854 : 634 simotes octolineatus — boulenger 1885 : 389 simotes octolineatus var . a — lampe 1902 simotes octolineatus — lidth de jeude 1922 : 245 holarchus octolineatus — barbour 1912 oligodon octolineatus — wall 1923 oligodon octolineatus — manthey & grossmann 1997 : 369 oligodon octolineatus — tillack & günther 2010 oligodon octolineatus — wallach et al . 2014 : 501
campides - main , simon m . 1969 . the status of oligodon taeniatus ( günther ) , 1861 , and oligodon mouhoti ( boulenger ) , 1914 ( serpentes , colubridae ) . herpetologica 25 ( 4 ) : 295 - 299 - get paper here
bauer , a . m . 2003 . on the status of the name oligodon taeniolatus ( jerdon , 1853 ) and its long - ignored senior synonym and secondary homonym , oligodon taeniolatus ( daudin , 1803 ) . hamadryad 27 : 205 - 213 .
tillack , frank 2008 . oligodon rhombifer werner , 1924 , a junior synonym of oligodon ancorus ( girard , 1857 ) ( reptilia : squamata : colubridae ) . russ . j . herpetol . 15 ( 2 ) : 122 - 128 - get paper here
tillack , frank and rainer günther 2010 . revision of the species of oligodon from sumatra and adjacent islands , with comments on the taxonomic status of oligodon subcarinatus ( günther , 1872 ) and oligodon annulifer ( boulenger , 1893 ) from borneo ( reptilia , squamata , colubridae ) . russ . j . herpetol . 16 ( 4 ) : 265 - 294 [ 2009 ] - get paper here
a new species of kukri snake ( oligodon fitzinger , 1826 ; squamata : colubridae ) from the cat tien national park , southern vietnam .
campden - main , s . m . 1970 . the identity of oligodon cyclurus ( cantor , 1839 ) and revalidation of oligodon brevicauda ( steindachner , 1867 ) ( serpentes : colubridae ) . proc . biol . soc . washington 82 ( 58 ) : 763 - 765 - get paper here
pauwels o s g ( 2007 ) . a new species of the genus oligodon fitzinger , 1826 ( squamata : colubridae ) from southern vietnam and cambodia .
a new species of kukri snake ( oligodon fitzinger , 1826 ; squamata : colubridae ) from the cat tien national park , southern vietnam . - pubmed - ncbi
when disturbed and threatened , oligodon ornatus may put on quite a show of theatrics , including open display of its hemipenes , as well as tail coiling and thrashing .
dotsenko i b 1984 . morphological characters and ecological peculiarities of oligodon taeniolatus ( serpentes , colubridae ) . vestnik zoologii , kiev 1984 ( 4 ) : 23 - 26
david , patrick & gernot vogel 2012 . a new species of the genus oligodon fitzinger , 1826 ( squamata : colubridae ) from pulau nias , indonesia . zootaxa 3201 : 58–68
schulz , klaus - dieter 1987 . erfahrungen mit kukri - nattern der gattung oligodon ( boie 1827 ) . herpetofauna 9 ( 52 ) : 32 - 34 - get paper here
leviton , a . e . ( 1953 ) a new snake of the genus oligodon from annam . journal of the washington academy of sciences , 43 ( 12 ) , 422–424 .
wall , f . ( 1905 ) description of a new snake from burma . oligodon mcdougalli . the journal of the bombay natural history society , 16 ( 2 ) , 251–252 .
wall , f . 1909 . discovery of a second specimen of the rare snake oligodon elliottii . j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 19 : 533 - get paper here
kreutz , r . 1993 . zur ernährung der kukri - natter oligodon cyclurus smithi ( werner , 1925 ) . sauria 15 ( 3 ) : 25 - 26 - get paper here
grossmann , w . 1992 . beitrag zur biologie der kukri - natter oligodon cyclurus smithi ( werner , 1925 ) . sauria 14 ( 2 ) : 3 - 10 - get paper here
pellegrin , j . ( 1910 ) description d’une variété nouvelle de l’ oligodon herberti boulenger , provenant du tonkin . bulletin de la société zoologique de france , 35 ( 2 ) , 30–32 .
boulenger , g . a . ( 1918 ) description of a new snake of the genus oligodon from upper burma . proceedings of the zoological society of london , 89 ( 1 ) , 9–10 .
vassilieva , a . b . ( 2015 ) a new species of the genus oligodon fitzinger , 1826 ( squamata : colubridae ) from coastal southern vietnam . zootaxa , 4058 ( 2 ) , 211–226 .
deepak , v . and s . harikrishnan . 2013 . on the identity of two oligodon species in the collection at zoological survey of india , kolkata . hamadryad 36 ( 2 ) : 182 - 184
vassilieva , a . b . ( 2015 ) a new species of the genus oligodon fitzinger , 1826 ( squamata : colubridae ) from coastal southern vietnam . zootaxa , 4058 ( 2 ) , 211–226 . urltoken
neang , t . & hun , s . ( 2013 ) first record of oligodon annamensis leviton , 1953 ( squamata : colubridae ) from the cardamom mountains of southwest cambodia . herpetology notes , 6 , 271–273 .
david , patrick ; gernot vogel , johan van rooijen 2011 . the name - bearing type of oligodon quadrilineatus ( jan & sordelli , 1865 ) ( squamata : colubridae ) . zootaxa 3111 : 67–68 - get paper here
david , patrick ; indraneil das & gernot vogel 2011 . on some taxonomic and nomenclatural problems in indian species of the genus oligodon fitzinger , 1826 ( squamata : colubridae ) . zootaxa 2799 : 1–14 - get paper here
green , m . d . , orlov , n . l . & murphy , r . w . ( 2010 ) toward a phylogeny of the kukri snakes , genus oligodon . asian herpetological research , 1 , 1–21 .
leong , t . m . & grismer , l . l . ( 2004 ) a new species of kukri snake , oligodon ( colubridae ) from pulau tioman , west malaysia . asiatic herpetological research , 10 , 12–16 .
green , marc d . ; nikolai l . orlov and robert w . murphy 2010 . toward a phylogeny of the kukri snakes , genus oligodon . asian herpetological research 1 ( 1 ) : 1 - 21 - get paper here
green , m . d . ( 2010 ) molecular phylogeny of the snake genus oligodon ( serpentes : colubridae ) , with an annotated checklist and key . master of science thesis , university of toronto , viii + 161 pp .
pauwels , o . s . g . , kunya , k . & vogel , g . ( 2008 ) über ein albinoexemplar von oligodon fasciolatus ( serpentes : colubridae ) aus thailand . elaphe , 16 ( 2 ) , 54–56 .
seetharamaraju , midathala ; chelmala srinivasulu and bhargavi srinivasulu . 2011 . new records of oligodon taeniolatus ( jerdon , 1853 ) ( reptilia : colubridae ) in andhra pradesh , india . herpetology notes 4 : 421 - 423 - get paper here
david , p . , das , i . & vogel , g . ( 2011 ) on some taxonomic and nomenclatural problems in indian species of the genus oligodon fitzinger , 1826 ( squamata : colubridae ) . zootaxa , 2799 , 1–14 .
green , m . d . , orlov , n . l . & murphy , r . w . ( 2010 ) toward a phylogeny of the kukri snakes , genus oligodon . asian herpetological research , 1 ( 1 ) , 1–21 .
deshmukh , r . v . , sager a . deshmukh & swapnil a . badhekar 2016 . first records of oligodon taeniolatus and bungarus sindanus walli from nagpur district , maharashtra , india reptile rap ( 18 ) : 40–42 - get paper here
pauwels , o . s . g . ; kunya , k . & vogel , g . 2008 . über ein albinoexemplar von oligodon fasciolatus ( serpentes : colubridae ) aus thailand . elaphe 16 ( 2 ) : 54 - 56 - get paper here
david , p . , vogel , g . & pauwels , o . s . g . ( 2008a ) a new species of the genus oligodon fitzinger , 1826 ( squamata : colubridae ) from southern vietnam and cambodia . zootaxa , 1939 , 19–37 .
jablonski , d . , bursey , c . r . , christophoryová , j . , luu , v . q . & goldberg , s . r . 2017 . oligodon taeniatus ( striped kukri snake ) endoparasite . herpetological review 48 ( 4 ) : 864
david , p . ; vogel , g . & pauwels , o . s . g . 2008 . a new species of the genus oligodon fitzinger , 1826 ( squamata : colubridae ) from southern vietnam and cambodia . zootaxa 1939 : 19–37 - get paper here
neang , thy ; l . lee grismer & jennifer c . daltry 2012 . a new species of kukri snake ( colubridae : oligodon fitzinger , 1826 ) from the phnom samkos wildlife sanctuary , cardamom mountains , southwest cambodia . zootaxa 3388 : 41–55 - get paper here
synonymy tentatively ( mostly ) after smith 1943 : 202 . oligodon kheriensis acharji & ray 1936 has been removed from the synonymy of oligodon cyclurus by david et al . 2011 . oligodon cyclurus smithi and o . c . superfluens ( taylor 1965 ) become synonyms of o . fasciolatus fide pauwels et al . ( 2003 ) . types : note that two neotypes have been designated : one by ( campden - main 1970 ) and one by wagner ( 1975 ) in an unpublished thesis . similar species : has been confused with o . fasciolatus , a population with 21 or 23 scale rows at midbody from se myanmar , thailand , cambodia , laos and vietnam . o . cylurus has 19 scale rows and is restricted to india , bangladesh and myanmar fide pauwels et al . 2002 . distribution : possibly in bhutan ( lenz 2012 ) .
nguyen , sang ngoc ; vu dang hoang nguyen , son hong le , robert w . murphy 2016 . a new species of kukri snake ( squamata : colubridae : oligodon fitzinger , 1826 ) from con dao islands , southern vietnam zootaxa 4139 ( 2 ) : 261–273 - get paper here
david , p . , vogel , g . & van rooijen , j . ( 2008b ) a revision of the oligodon taeniatus ( günther , 1861 ) group ( squamata : colubridae ) , with the description of three new species from the indochinese region . zootaxa , 1965 , 1–49 .
hasan , m . k . , feeroz , m . m . , ahmed , s . , ahmed , a . & saha , s . ( 2013 ) the confirmed record of oligodon albocinctus ( cantor , 1839 ) from bangladesh . taprobanica , 5 ( 1 ) , 77–80 .
neang , t . , grismer , l . l . & daltry , j . c . ( 2012 ) a new species of kukri snake ( colubridae : oligodon fitzinger , 1826 ) from the phnom samkos wildlife sanctuary , cardamom mountains , southwest cambodia . zootaxa , 3388 , 41–55 .
david , p . ; vogel , g . & van rooijen , j . 2008 . a revision of the oligodon taeniatus ( günther , 1861 ) group ( squamata : colubridae ) , with the description of three new species from the indochinese region . zootaxa 1965 : 1–49 - get paper here
huang , w . - s . , greene , h . w . , chang , t . - j . & shine , r . ( 2011 ) territorial behavior in taiwanese kukrisnakes ( oligodon formosanus ) . proceedings of the national academy of sciences , 108 ( 18 ) , 7455–7459 .
david , p . , vogel , g . & rooijen , j . v . ( 2008b ) a revision of the oligodon taeniatus ( günther , 1861 ) group ( squamata : colubridae ) , with the description of three new species from the indochinese region . zootaxa , 1965 , 1–49 .
zhang , j . , jang , k . , li , p . - p . , hou , m . & rao , d . - q . ( 2011 ) taxonomic revisions on genus oligodon of china ( serpentes , colubridae ) . acta zootaxonomica sinica , 36 ( 2 ) , 423–430 .
david , patrick ; truong quang nguyen , tao thien nguyen , ke jiang , tianbo chen , alexandre teynié & thomas ziegler 2012 . a new species of the genus oligodon fitzinger , 1826 ( squamata : colubridae ) from northern vietnam , southern china and central laos . zootaxa 3498 : 45–62 - get paper here
jiang , ke ; tianbo chen , patrick david , gernot vogel , mian hou , zhiyong yuan , yuanjun meng and jing che 2012 . on the occurrence of oligodon joynsoni ( smith , 1917 ) in china ( squamata : colubridae ) . asian herpetological research 3 ( 4 ) : 316–321 - get paper here
pauwels , o . s . g . , wallach , v . , david , p . & chanhome , l . ( 2002 ) a new species of oligodon fitzinger , 1826 ( serpentes , colubridae ) from southern peninsular thailand . natural history journal of chulalongkorn university , 2 ( 2 ) , 7–18 .
pauwels , o . s . g . , wallach , v . , david , p . & chanhome , l . 2002 . a new species of oligodon ( serpentes , colubridae ) from southern peninsular thailand . natural history journal of chulalongkorn university , 2 ( 2 ) : 7 - 18 - get paper here
nguyen , s . n . , nguyen , v . d . h . , le , s . h . & murphy , r . w . ( 2016 ) a new species of kukri snake ( squamata : colubridae : oligodon fitzinger , 1826 ) from con dao islands , southern vietnam . zootaxa , 4139 ( 2 ) , 261–273 .
vassilieva , anna b . ; peter geissler , eduard a . galoyan , nikolay jr a . poyarkov , robert wayne van devender , wolfgang böhme 2013 . a new species of kukri snake ( oligodon fitzinger , 1826 ; squamata : colubridae ) from the cat tien national park , southern vietnam . zootaxa 3702 ( 3 ) : 233–246 - get paper here
van rooijen , j . , wood , p . l . , grismer , j . l . , grismer , l . l . & grossmann , w . ( 2011 ) color pattern dimorphism in the colubrid snake oligodon purpurascens ( schlegel , 1837 ) ( reptilia : squamata ) . russian journal of herpetology , 18 ( 3 ) , 215–220 .
hawkeswood , t . j . & b . sommung 2018 . a further record of the striped kukri snake , oligodon taeniatus ( günther , 1861 ) ( reptilia : colubridae ) from ubon ratchathani province , thailand , with a review of literature on the biology and distribution of the species in thailand . calodema , 605 : 1 - 6 - get paper here
teynié , alexandre and patrick david . 2007 . additions to the snake fauna of southern laos , with the second laotian specimen of naja siamensis ( laurenti , 1768 ) and the forst country record of oligodon taeniatus ( günther , 1861 ) ( squamata , serpentes ) . russ . j . herpetol . 14 ( 1 ) : 39 - 44 - get paper here
this dataset contains the digitized treatments in plazi based on the original journal article david , patrick , vogel , gernot , pauwels , olivier s . g . ( 2008 ) : a new species of the genus oligodon fitzinger , 1826 ( squamata : colubridae ) from southern vietnam and cambodia . zootaxa 1939 : 19 - 37 , doi : 10 . 5281 / zenodo . 274609
david , p . , nguyen , t . q . , nguyen , t . t . , jiang , k . , chen , t . , teynié , a . & ziegler , t . ( 2012 ) a new species of the genus oligodon fitzinger , 1826 ( squamata : colubridae ) from northern vietnam , southern china and central laos . zootaxa , 3498 , 45–62 .
jiang , k . , chen , t . , david , p . , vogel , g . , hou , m . , yuan , z . , meng , y . & che , j . ( 2012 ) on the occurrence of oligodon joynsoni ( smith , 1917 ) in china ( squamata : colubridae ) . asian herpetological research , 3 ( 4 ) , 316–321 .
david , p . , nguyen , t . q . , nguyen , t . t . , jiang , k . , chen , t . , teynie , a . & ziegler , t . ( 2012 ) a new species of the genus oligodon fitzinger , 1826 ( squamata : colubridae ) from northern vietnam , southern china and central laos . zootaxa , 3498 , 45–62 .
similar species : gaulke ( 1996 ) allocates oligodon specimens form sibutu to o . meyerinkii but notes the similarity in coloration with o . octolineatus . distribution : the latest record of this species from sulawesi is from de rooij , 1917 . de lang & vogel ( 2005 ) and koch 2012 : 318 thus consider this species as doubtful for this island . synonymy mostly after tillack & günther 2010 .
vassilieva , a . b . , geissler , p . , galoyan , e . a . , poyarkov , n . a . , wayne van devender , r . & böhme , w . ( 2013 ) a new species of kukri snake ( oligodon fitzinger , 1826 ; squamata : colubridae ) from the cat tien national park , southern vietnam . zootaxa , 3702 ( 3 ) , 233–246 .
vassilieva , a . b . , geissler , p . , galoyan , e . a . , poyarkov , n . a . , van devender , r . w . & bohme , w . ( 2013 ) a new species of kukri snake ( oligodon fitzinger , 1826 ; squamata : colubridae ) from the cat tien national park , southern vietnam . zootaxa , 3702 ( 3 ) , 233–246 . urltoken
orlov , n . l . , ryabov , s . a . , nguyen , t . t . & nguyen , t . q . ( 2010 ) rediscovery and redescription of two rare snake species : oligodon lacroixi angel et bourret , 1933 and maculophis bellus chapaensis ( bourret , 1934 ) [ squamata : ophidia : colubridae ] from fansipan mountains , northern vietnam . russian journal of herpetology , 17 ( 4 ) , 310–322 .
justification : oligodon lacroixi has provisionally been assessed as vulnerable as it has an known extent of occurrence of approximately 9 , 150 km 2 ( based on its distribution in vietnam , as no meaningful estimate of its extent of occurrence around either chinese locality is possible ) , it is known from only three locations , defined by a threat from agricultural expansion , and there is a continuing decline in the quality and extent of its forest habitat .
similar species : note that specimens of this species may have been confused with o . mouhoti , o . deuvei , o . pseudotaeniatus , or o . theobaldi . distribution : records from yunnan may be erroneous ( jiang et al 2012 , zhang et al . 2011 ) and actually represent o . cinereus . not listed by zhao 2006 for china . illustration : in chan - ard et al . 2015 , although the drawings of oligodon joynsoni and o . taeniatus have been mixed up ( fide pauwels & grismer 2015 ) .
casuarina oligodon is an evergreen tree growing to 25 m ( 82ft ) by 25 m ( 82ft ) at a medium rate . it is hardy to zone ( uk ) 10 . and are pollinated by wind . it can fix nitrogen . suitable for : light ( sandy ) , medium ( loamy ) and heavy ( clay ) soils and prefers well - drained soil . suitable ph : acid , neutral and basic ( alkaline ) soils and can grow in very acid and very alkaline soils . it cannot grow in the shade . it prefers moist soil .
casuarina oligodon is an evergreen tree with foliage consisting of slender , well - branched green to grey - green twigs bearing minute scale - leaves in whorls of 5 - 20 . it grows up to 30 m tall and is a tropical highland species . it is considered to be one of the best firewood producing trees in the world . its wood is hard and heavy and used as material for fences , houses , poles , and general construction . also , it has an extensive root system making it an ideal species to control soil erosion on steep slopes . found in : indonesia , papua new guinea , israel
snakes that specialize on the eggs of birds usually swallow eggs whole then crush them . oligodon instead uses enlarged , blade - like rear maxillary teeth to make repeated slashes in the leathery egg shell , inserts its head , and swallows the yolk . the mechanics of cutting involve cycles of extreme displacement of the maxillary bone , whose blade - like teeth are swung in arcs to make ever deeper slashes in the shell until a slit is formed . the cycles during cutting involve protraction , engagement , and retraction of the palatomaxillary arch of one side while the contralateral jaws maintain a continuous hold on the egg surface
. ( source )
we describe oligodon saiyok sp . nov . from benjarat nakhon cave temple , sai yok district , kanchanaburi province , western thailand . it is characterized by a maximal known svl of 626 . 1 mm ; 13 maxillary teeth , the posterior two enlarged ; 8 supralabials ; 17 - 17 - 15 dorsal scale rows ; 181–187 ventrals and 38–43 subcaudals ; a single anal ; hemipenes extending in situ to the 18 th subcaudal ; dorsum with 21–22 dark blotches or white rings without vertebral or lateral stripes ; and venter with a dense network of subrectangular dark blotches . it is the 7 th squamate species believed to be endemic to sai yok district .
note : tdwg regions are generated automatically from the text in the distribution field and not in every cases it works well . we are working on it .
boulenger , g . a . 1885 . a list of reptiles and batrachians from the island of nias . ann . mag . nat . hist . ( 5 ) 16 : 388 - 389 - get paper here
das , i . 2012 . a naturalist ' s guide to the snakes of south - east asia : malaysia , singapore , thailand , myanmar , borneo , sumatra , java and bali . oxford j , ohn beaufoy publishing - get paper here
david , p . & vogel , g . 1996 . the snakes of sumatra . an annotated checklist and key with natural history notes . bücher kreth , frankfurt / m .
filippi , f . de 1840 . catalogo raggionato e descrittivo . . . serpenti del museo dell’ i . r . universitá de pavia . bibliot . ital . 99 : 163 - 187 , 306 - 343
gaulke , maren 1996 . die herpetofauna von sibutu island ( philippinen ) , unter berücksichtigung zoogeographischer und ökologischer aspekte . senckenbergiana biologica 75 ( 1 / 2 ) : 45 - 56
jan , g . 1865 . iconographie générale des ophidiens . 12 . livraison . j . b . bailière et fils , paris - get paper here
lang , r . de & g . vogel 2005 . the snakes of sulawesi . a field guide to the land snakes of sulawesi with identification keys . frankfurter beiträge zur naturkunde , 25 , edition chimaira , frankfurt am main , 312 pp .
lidth de jeude , t . w . van 1922 . snakes from sumatra . zoologische mededelingen 6 : 239 - 253 . - get paper here
malkmus , r . ; manthey , u . ; vogel , g . hoffmann , p . & kosuch , j . 2002 . amphibians and reptiles of mount kinabalu ( north borneo ) . a . r . g . ganther verlag , rugell , 404 pp .
manthey , u . & grossmann , w . 1997 . amphibien & reptilien südostasiens . natur und tier verlag ( münster ) , 512 pp . - get paper here
rooijen , j . van & myriam van rooijen . 2007 . the land snakes of the santubong peninsula , sarawak , borneo : a preliminary list of species with natural history notes . russ . j . herpetol . 14 ( 1 ) : 27 - 38 - get paper here
schneider , johann gottlob 1801 . historiae amphibiorum naturalis et literariae . fasciculus secundus continens crocodilos , scincos , chamaesauras , boas . pseudoboas , elapes , angues . amphisbaenas et caecilias . frommanni , jena . 374 pp . - get paper here
teo , r . c . h . & rajathurai , s . 1997 . mammals , reptiles and amphibians in the nature reserves of singapore - diversity , abundance and distribution . proc . nature reserves survey seminar . gardens’ bulletin singapore 49 : 353 - 425
teynié , alexandre ; patrick david , & annemarie ohler 2010 . note on a collection of amphibians and reptiles from western sumatra ( indonesia ) , with the description of a new species of the genus bufo . zootaxa 2416 : 1–43 - get paper here
wallach , van ; kenneth l . williams , jeff boundy 2014 . snakes of the world : a catalogue of living and extinct species . taylor and francis , crc press , 1237 pp .
this database is maintained by peter uetz ( database content ) and jakob hallermann , zoological museum hamburg ( new species and updates ) .
holotype : bmnh 1946 . 1 . 3 . 27 ( male ) . collected by henri mouhot . holotype : mnhn ; note that the neotypes were designated erroneously by david et al . 2008 , see david et al . 2011 [ quadrilineatus ]
barbour , thomas 1909 . notes on amphibia and reptilia from eastern asia . proc . new england zool . club 4 : 53 - 78 , 2 plates - get paper here
boulenger , george a . 1894 . catalogue of the snakes in the british museum ( natural history ) . volume ii . , containing the conclusion of the colubridæ aglyphæ . british mus . ( nat . hist . ) , london , xi , 382 pp . - get paper here
boulenger , g . a . 1914 . descriptions of new reptiles from siam . j . nat . hist . soc . siam 1 : 67 - 76
chan - ard , t . , parr , j . w . k . & nabhitabhata , j . 2015 . a field guide to the reptiles of thailand . oxford university press , ny , 352 pp . [ see book reviews by pauwels & grismer 2015 and hikida 2015 for corrections ] - get paper here
chan - ard , t . ; grossmann , w . ; gumprecht , a . & schulz , k . d . 1999 . amphibians and reptiles of peninsular malaysia and thailand - an illustrated checklist [ bilingual english and german ] . bushmaster publications , würselen , gemany , 240 pp . [ book review in russ . j herp . 7 : 87 ] - get paper here
cox , merel j . ; van dijk , peter paul ; jarujin nabhitabhata & thirakhupt , kumthorn 1998 . a photographic guide to snakes and other reptiles of peninsular malaysia , singapore and thailand . ralph curtis publishing , 144 pp .
deuve , j . 1961 . liste annotee des serpents du laos . bull . soc . sci . nat . laos 1 : 5 - 32 .
günther , a . 1861 . second list of siamese reptiles . proc . zool . soc . london 1861 : 187 - 189 - get paper here
günther , a . 1861 . second list of siamese reptiles . ann . mag . nat . hist . ( 3 ) 8 : 266 - 268 - get paper here
hartmann , timo ; flora ihlow , sarah edwards , sovath sothanin , markus handschuh and wolfgang böhme 2013 . a preliminary annotated checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of the kulen promtep wildlife sanctuary in northern cambodia . asian herpetological research 4 ( 1 ) : 36–55 - get paper here
jan , g . 1866 . in : in f . bocourt , notes sur les reptiles , les batraciens et les poisons recueilis pendant un voyage dans le royaume de siam . nouv . arch . mus . paris 2 ( 4 ) : 4–20 - get paper here
karns , d . r . ; murphy , j . c . ; voris , h . k . & suddeth , j . s . 2005 . comparison of semi - aquatic snake communities associated with the khorat basin , thailand . the natural history journal of chulalongkorn university 5 ( 2 ) : 73 - 90
pauwels , olivier s . g . and l . lee grismer . 2015 . book review : a field guide to the reptiles of thailand . herpetological review 46 ( 3 ) : 456 - 459
saint - girons , h . 1972 . les serpents du cambodge . mémoires du muséum national d ' histoire naturelle , série a , zoologie 74 : 1 - 170
sang , nguyen van ; ho thu cuc , nguyen , quang truong 2009 . herpetofauna of vietnam . chimaira , frankfurt , 768 pp .
smith , m . a . 1943 . the fauna of british india , ceylon and burma , including the whole of the indo - chinese sub - region . reptilia and amphibia . 3 ( serpentes ) . taylor and francis , london . 583 pp .
taylor , e . h . 1965 . the serpents of thailand and adjacent waters . univ . kansas sci . bull . 45 ( 9 ) : 609 - 1096 - get paper here
voris , h . k . 2006 . assessment of biodiversity among southeast asian amphibians and reptiles . the natural history journal of chulalongkorn university 6 ( 1 ) : 1 - 10 - get paper here
ziegler , thomas ; ralf hendrix , vu ngoc thanh , martina vogt , bernhard forster & dang ngoc kien 2007 . the diversity of a snake community in a karst forest ecosystem in the central truong son , vietnam , with an identification key . zootaxa 1493 : 1 - 40 - get paper here
zug , george r . ; win , htun ; thin , thin ; min , than zaw ; lhon , win zaw ; kyaw , kyaw 1998 . herpetofauna of the chatthin wildlife sanctuary , north - central myanmar with preliminary observations of their natural history . hamadryad 23 ( 2 ) : 111 - 120
html public
- / / w3c / / dtd xhtml 1 . 0 strict / / en
urltoken
thank you for taking the time to provide feedback on the iucn red list of threatened species website , we are grateful for your input .
this is a species complex , containing at least two recognized forms ( q . t . nguyen pers . comm . august 2011 ) . it has also been confused with
should be confined to eastern india , bangladesh , myanmar and west thailand . research is ongoing to clarify the taxonomy of this group . this concept is applied here .
thy , n . , chan - ard , t . & nguyen , t . q .
justification : listed as least concern on the basis that this species is widespread and somewhat adaptable , it occurs in several protected areas and is not subject to major threats , and is therefore presumed to occur as a stable population .
2009 , t . chan - ard pers . comm . august 2011 ) . in viet nam it has been reported from the provinces of lai cau , cao bang , vinh phuc , hai duong , son la , ha tay , nghe an , ha tinh , quang tri , da nang , gia lai , dak lac , lam dong , dong nai , ba ria - vung tau , an giang , kien giang and ca mau , and from ho chi minh district ( ngueyn
this snake is common in thailand , but known from few specimens in indochina . the population is thought to be stable in the absence of major threats .
this oviparous , terrestrial snake has been found in both open , disturbed habitats and lowland evergreen forest , including both primary and secondary forest ( t . chan - ard and q . t . nguyen pers . comm . august 2011 ) ; in the latter it is sometimes found along streams ( t . chan - ard pers . comm . august 2011 ) . it is active both by day and at night .
there are no major threats to this species , which adapts well to open and degraded habitats .
no species - specific conservation measures are in place , although it has been recorded from protected areas . research is underway to clarify the taxonomy of this species complex .
thy , n . , chan - ard , t . & nguyen , t . q . 2012 .
to make use of this information , please check the < terms of use > .
the species was described in 2004 , although specimens are known since 1962 ( leong & grismer 2004 ) .
justification : this species is only known from a single location on the island of tioman , a patch of less than 100 km 2 which is all that remains of the original forest . this forest is not legally protected and deforestation is already becoming a problem . as the island itself has an area of little over 130 km 2 , ongoing commercial development activities are likely to further accelerate habitat loss . in addition , due to the very small size of the population , there is also the potential for stochastic events to lead to extinction ( r . inger pers . comm . 2011 ) . the species is listed as critically endangered as it is confined to an area of less than 100 km 2 , it is found in a single location at risk from development , and there is a continuing decline in the quality and extent of remaining forest habitat . in addition , as it is projected that the present rate of habitat loss due to deforestation could lead to the destruction of the entire forested area , and hence a reduction in the population of this snake by as much as 100 % , in the next 10 years .
this species is endemic to the seribuat archipelago in west malaysia , where it is only known to occur on tioman island ( grismer et al . 2006 ) . the maximum area in which this species is known to be distributed is the area of forest on the island , which is less than 100 km² .
two specimens were recorded at 98 m . asl . in one pitfall trap ( i . das pers . comm . 2011 ) . only three specimens are known and were used to describe the species . there are no population data available for this species . due to the rate of deforestation on tioman , which may result in the complete loss of forest from the island within the next 10 years , the species is likely to be already declining or to decline in the near future , and is likely to become extinct within the same time period without preventative action to preserve its forest habitat .
the forests of tioman are not protected and are currently subject to private management . the island is a well - known tourist destination and development for both residential and tourist areas is both ongoing and expanding , which is degrading and removing this species ' forest habitat at a rate which may result in the complete loss of forest from the island within ten years .
while there are no direct conservation measures for this species in place at present , most of tioman was declared a ' state wildlife reserve ' in 1972 ( ng et al . 1999 ) . according to i . das ( pers . comm . 2011 ) , this is not part of the protected area system and is currently under of the management of private hands .
twenty additional lizards and snakes are endemic to the same forest patch , making this a priority area for conservation in malaysia ( i . das and g . vogel pers . comm . 2011 ) . conservation measures should be undertaken , along with further research into the trends in abundance , and the impact of altered habitat status on this species . due to the number of endemic species known to be present in the island , the distribution should be included within the national protected area system .
further research into the abundance , habitat requirements and ecology of this species is suggested , and population monitoring is recommended .
de silva , r . , milligan , ht , wearn , o . r . , wren , s . , zamin , t . , sears , j . , wilson , p . , lewis , s . , lintott , p . & powney , g .
this species is found in yunnan and southern sichuan provinces , china , and in northern vietnam . specimens from vietnam have been reported from sa pa ( lao cai province ) , in the fan si pan mountains ( nguyen
2010 ) . the snake has been reported from 1 , 400 to 1 , 900 m asl . its extent of occurrence in vietnam is approximately 9 , 150 km
; based on the paucity of records in china its global extent of occurrence cannot meaningfully be estimated .
this is a very rare species , and only eight specimens have been recorded despite intensive surveys in sa pa over the past 50 years . it is known from only two specimens in china , one from sichuan and one from yunnan ( orlov
2010 ) . as the three known localities are widely separated , it is expected to occur as a severely fragmented population .
2010 ) . no other ecological information is available . it is likely to be nocturnal and oviparous , in common with other species of
it is likely that this species is experiencing habitat loss and degradation in portions of its inferred range , as some deforestation is occurring in this region due to the expansion of agriculture for cardamom production , and logging for timber .
there are no species - specific conservation measures in place , although it has been reported from protected areas . research into its population status , distribution and natural history is needed , as well as on its exposure and sensitivity to threats .
greek , poly = a lot of + greek , daktylos = finger ( ref . 45335 )
marine ; brackish ; demersal . tropical ; 29°n - 25°s , 81°w - 34°w ( ref . 57343 )
western atlantic : southern florida to santos , brazil . not occurring in the gulf of mexico and western caribbean sea .
maturity : l m ? range ? - ? cm max length : 46 . 0 cm tl male / unsexed ; ( ref . 7251 ) ; common length : 25 . 0 cm tl male / unsexed ; ( ref . 3796 ) ; max . published weight : 620 . 00 g ( ref . 40637 )
occurs along sandy or muddy shores ( ref . 7251 ) . not of great commercial importance ( ref . 26938 ) .
motomura , h . , 2004 . threadfins of the world ( family polynemidae ) . an annotated and illustrated catalogue of polynemid species known to date . fao spec . cat . fish . purp . rome : fao . 3 : 117 p . ( ref . 57343 )
) : 26 . 1 - 28 , mean 27 . 3 ( based on 118 cells ) .
phylogenetic diversity index ( ref . 82805 ) : pd 50 = 0 . 5000 [ uniqueness , from 0 . 5 = low to 2 . 0 = high ] .
trophic level ( ref . 69278 ) : 3 . 7 ±0 . 5 se ; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
resilience ( ref . 69278 ) : high , minimum population doubling time less than 15 months ( preliminary k or fecundity . ) .
vulnerability ( ref . 59153 ) : low to moderate vulnerability ( 27 of 100 ) .
: missing argument 2 for checkecotox ( ) , called in / var / www / html / summary / speciessummary . php on line 1995 and defined in
: missing argument 3 for checkecotox ( ) , called in / var / www / html / summary / speciessummary . php on line 1995 and defined in
northern and central taiwan , at altitudes of 500 - 1000 m . endangered . ( distribution map )
south china ( sichuan , hunan , fujian , anhui , guangxi , jiangxi , zhejiang ) , taiwan .
this cathemeral ( diurnal or nocturnal ) snake inhabits mountainous regions or plantations . it preys mainly on reptile eggs ; the large , laterally flattened posterior teeth in the upper jaw and the large rostral shield are adapted to cut open and thrust into the eggs . oviparous .
s gurkha soldiers . in defense , these teeth are used in a slashing manner which can cause gaping wounds that may bleed profusely - probably an effect of the snake ' s saliva which is rumored to possess anticoagulant qualities .
means
tooth
; referring to the low number of teeth in the upper jaw .
( 1 )
opisthoglyphous snakes are similar to aglyphous ( fangless ) snakes , but possess weak venom , which is injected by means of a pair of enlarged teeth at the back of the maxillae ( upper jaw ) . these
fangs
typically point backwards rather than straight down , possess a groove which channels venom into the prey , and are located roughly halfway back in the mouth , which has led to the vernacular name of
rear - fanged snakes
. ( source )
new & recent described flora & fauna species from all over the world esp . asia , oriental , indomalayan & malesiana region
natural history . all specimens were collected . . on the ground in dry primary forests or plantations , usually near the bank of small streams . the stomach of the holotype contained two soft shell eggs ( size 15 mm x 7 mm ) . these eggs probably belong to a snake or lizard .
distribution . the new species is currently known only from cu lao cham islands , quang nam province , vietnam .
etymology . the specific epithet culaochamensis is derived from cu lao cham islands , where the new species was discovered .
sang ngoc nguyen , luan thanh nguyen , vu dang hoang nguyen , hoa thi phan , ke jiang and robert w murphy . 2017 . a new species of the genus
wuodendron b . xue , y . h . tan & chaowasku wuodendron praecox ( hook . f . & thomson ) b . xue , y . h . tan & x . l . hou in xue , tan . . .
[ botany • 2017 ] begonia fulgurata | ดาดดารารัศมี • a new species ( sect . diploclinium , begoniaceae ) from chiang mai , northern thailand
begonia fulgurata c . - i peng , c . w . lin & phutthai ดาดดารารัศมี | | doi : 10 . 3767 / blumea . 2017 . 62 . 03 . 01 urltoken be . . .
chamaelirium viridiflorum l . wang , z . c . liu & w . b . liao in liu , feng , wang & liao , 2018 . doi : 10 . 11646 / phytotaxa . 357 . . . .
great - billed seed - finch sporophila maximiliani ( cabanis , 1851 ) in ubaid , silveira , medolago , et . al . , 2018 . doi : 10 . 11646 / . . .
endocerids with their filtering apparatus in mironenko , 2018 . doi : 10 . 1080 / 08912963 . 2018 . 1491565 reconstruction by andre . . .
aristolochia tongbiguanensis j . y . shen , q . b . gong & s . landrein in gong , landrein , xi , et al . , 2018 . doi : 10 . 6165 / tai . . . .
bagualosaurus agudoensis pretto , langer & schultz , 2018 doi : 10 . 1093 / zoolinnean / zly028 illustration : jorge blanco c . . .
the hypothetical phylogenetic relationships of ceratosaurs based on current topologies . the main source is from wang et al . ( 2016 . . .
nipponosaurus sachalinensis nagao , 1936 in takasaki , chiba , kobayashi , et al . , 2018 ニッポノサウルス | | doi : 10 . 1080 / 08912963 . 2017 . . . .
begonia medogensis jianw . li , y . h . tan & x . h . jin in li , tan , wang , et al . , 2018 . doi : 10 . 3897 / phytokeys . 103 . 25392 . . .
[ botany • 2017 ] zingiber alba • a new species and . . .
[ herpetology • 2017 ] bufo ( anaxyrus ) williamsi • a . . .
on this day ( july 10th ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
anomaloglossus meansi : a new species of cryptic forest frog from the wokomung and ayanganna sky islands of southern guyana .
the benefits and costs of academic travel . or
there and back again ; again and again
canon renueva su gama de 70 - 200 mm f : 2 . 8 y f : 4
plants go extinct , but sometimes species are rediscovered . this one after 151 years .
i ' m killing antediluvian salad but even in death there is rebirth . . .
necps carnivorous plant show : sept . 9 - 10 at tower hill botanical garden
this is a particularly beautiful species of centrolenid - the granular glass frog , cochranella granulosa .
html public
- / / w3c / / dtd xhtml 1 . 0 transitional / / en
urltoken
we need help ! in recent months our income dropped considerably and we need more donations from our users to avoid getting into financial difficulty .
forms extensive pure stands along river beds and on ridge tops at elevations up to 2 , 500 metres [ 303 ] .
you can translate the content of this page by selecting a language in the select box .
plants for a future can not take any responsibility for any adverse effects from the use of plants . always seek advice from a professional before using a plant medicinally . none known
seed - sow in seed beds [ 303 ] . germination usually starts after 10 days , though viability is naturally low [ 303 ] . pricking out is carried out when the seedlings are about 50 - 60 mm high and are ready for transplanting into polythene tubes [ 303 ] . seed production by the species is very good . storage is mainly in household refrigerators where they are kept until needed for sowing [ 303 ] . no research has been carried so far into their longevity under these conditions , but appears to be orthodox for this family [ 303 ] .
right plant wrong place . we are currently updating this section . please note that a plant may be invasive in one area but may not in your area so it’s worth checking .
iucn red list of threatened plants status : this taxon has not yet been assessed .
for a list of references used on this page please go here a special thanks to ken fern for some of the information used on this page .
this is a qr code ( short for quick response ) which gives fast - track access to our website pages . qr codes are barcodes that can be read by mobile phone ( smartphone ) cameras . this qr code is unique to this page . all plant pages have their own unique code . for more information about qr codes click here .
1 . copy and print the qr code to a plant label , poster , book , website , magazines , newspaper etc and even t - shirts .
2 . smartphone users scan the qr code which automatically takes them to the webpage the qr code came from .
3 . smartphone users quickly have information on a plant directly for the urltoken website on their phone .
if you have important information about this plant that may help other users please add a comment or link below . only comments or links that are felt to be directly relevant to a plant will be included . if you think a comment / link or information contained on this page is inaccurate or misleading we would welcome your feedback at
. if you have questions about a plant please use the forum on this website as we do not have the resources to answer questions ourselves .
* please note : the comments by website users are not necessarily those held by pfaf and may give misleading or inaccurate information .
stay informed about pfafs progress , challenges and hopes by signing up for our free email epost . you will receive a range of benefits including : * important announcements and news * exclusive content not on the website * updates on new information & functionality of the website & database we will not sell or share your email address . you can unsubscribe at anytime .
all the information contained in these pages is copyright ( c ) plants for a future , 1996 - 2012 . plants for a future is a charitable company limited by guarantee , registered in england and wales . charity no . 1057719 , company no . 3204567 , web design & management this work is licensed under a creative commons license . some information cannot be used for commercial reasons or be modified ( but some can ) . please view the copyright link for more information .
was first described by günther in 1862 basing on specimens collected from anaimalai hills , coimbatore district , tamil nadu ( smith 1943 ) .
captain , a . , de silva , r . , milligan , h . t . , wearn , o . r . , wren , s . , zamin , t . , sears , j . , wilson , p . , lewis , s . , lintott , p . & powney , g .
justification : listed as least concern in view of its relatively wide distribution , and because threats appear to be localized .
is endemic to the western ghats of india , south of the goa gap ( wynaad to travancore ) ( wall 1907 ) . presently it is known from wyanad , wyanad district ; ashambu hills , ponmudi hills ( chandramouli and ganesh 2011 ) and arippa ( near thiruvananthapuram ) , thiruvananthapuram district ; kulathapuzha , kollam district ( j . joyce in litt . ) in kerala , anaimalai hills , top slip ( v . deepak pers . comm . 2011 ) and valparai , coimbatore district in tamil nadu ( whitaker and captain 2004 ) and talakaveri , kodagu district , karnataka ( s . p . vijaykumar pers . comm . 2011 ) . found at elevations of 150 to 1 , 100 m asl .
this species inhabits tropical lowland moist forests . it has also been recorded from teak plantations .
habitat loss and degradation due to expanding agriculture , urbanization and mining is a problem in the western ghats and this is likely to be causing localized declines in this species .
there are no species - specific conservation measures in place for this species . this species occurs in indira gandhi national park and brahmagiri wildlife sanctuary . further research into the population and habitat status of this species should be carried out .
biostor is built by @ rdmpage , code on github . page images from the biodiversity heritage library .
if you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or ( privacy ) interests , please let the library know , stating your reasons . in case of a legitimate complaint , the library will make the material inaccessible and / or remove it from the website . please ask the library , or send a letter to : library of the university of amsterdam , secretariat , singel 425 , 1012 wp amsterdam , the netherlands . you will be contacted as soon as possible .
our website has detected that you are using an outdated insecure browser that will prevent you from using the site . we suggest you upgrade to a modern browser .
malaysia ( borneo : sabah ) indonesia ( kalimantan ) type locality : mt . kina balu [ borneo ]
beolens , bo ; michael watkins , and michael grayson 2011 . the eponym dictionary of reptiles . johns hopkins university press , baltimore , usa - get paper here
boulenger , g . a . 1893 . description of new reptiles and batrachians obtained in borneo by mr . c . hose and mr . a . everett . proc . zool . soc . london 1893 : 522 - 528 - get paper here


cicindela sylvicola is a species of ground beetle native to europe , where it can be found in austria , belgium , bosnia and herzegovina , bulgaria , croatia , the czech republic , mainland france , germany , hungary , mainland italy , luxembourg , the republic of macedonia , moldova , poland , romania , southern russia , slovenia , switzerland , ukraine and former yugoslavia .

cicindela sylvicola

no one has contributed data records for cicindela sylvicola yet . learn how to contribute .
hans - martin braun added the german common name
berg - sandlaufkäfer
to
cicindela sylvicola
.
scientific name : cicindela ( cicindela ) sylvicola dejean , 1822 body length : variability : distribution : type locality : original description : ssp . : synonymy : ãåíèòàëèè :
enter the name or part of a name you wish to search for . the asterisk character * can be used as wildcard . e . g . ' papilio * ' . keep in mind that the search is only based on the full taxon name .
we are still having problems with the search feature . unfortunately we cannot give a timeline when the advanced search will be fixed .
the id resolving service for stable taxon ids is currently under maintenance . meanwhile , please use the name search in order to find the taxon page .
museum für naturkunde leibniz - institut für evolutions - und biodiversitätsforschung invalidenstr . 43 10115 berlin germany e - mail : fauna - eu ( at ) mfn - berlin . de website : urltoken
eol content is automatically assembled from many different content providers . as a result , from time to time you may find pages on eol that are confusing .
to request an improvement , please leave a comment on the page . thank you !
scientists aim to describe a single ' tree of life ' that reflects the evolutionary relationships of living things . however , evolutionary relationships are a matter of ongoing discovery , and there are different opinions about how living things should be grouped and named . eol reflects these differences by supporting several different scientific ' classifications ' . some species have been named more than once . such duplicates are listed under synonyms . eol also provides support for common names which may vary across regions as well as languages .
hristovski , slavčo & guéorguiev , borislav , 2015 , annotated catalogue of the carabid beetles of the republic of macedonia ( coleoptera : carabidae ) , zootaxa 4002 ( 1 ) , pp . 1 - 190 : 28
; drovenik & peks 1999 : 6 ; hristovski et al . 2002 : 122 ( šar planina ) ; hristovski et al . 2010 : 56 ( jablanica ) ; mitev et al . 2010 : 42 ( kožuf ) .
no known copyright restrictions apply . see agosti , d . , egloff , w . , 2009 . taxonomic information exchange and copyright : the plazi approach . bmc research notes 2009 , 2 : 53 for further explanation .


agonum consimile is a species of ground beetle in the platyninae subfamily .

it was described by leonard gyllenhaal in 1810 .

it inhabits countries like finland , latvia , moldavia , norway , russia , sweden , and the united states .

agonum consimile

maintaining and updating the site requires a lot of time and effort . therefore , we are forced to introduce a partially paid access . we expect that the costs will not be too burdensome for you , and your money will help us in the development of interactive keys , and more dynamic updates of the site .
your subscription will be activated when payment clears . view the status of your subscription in your account .
this project help increase the availability of scientific knowledge worldwide . contributions at any level help sustain our work . thank you for your support .
© carabidae of the world , 2007 - 2018 © a team of authors , in in : anichtchenko a . et al . , ( editors ) 2007 - 2018
html public
- / / w3c / / dtd xhtml 1 . 0 transitional / / en
urltoken
upcoming events 2018 bugguide gathering in virginia july 27 - 29 : registration and discussion photos of insects and people from the 2015 gathering in wisconsin , july 10 - 12 photos of insects and people from the 2014 gathering in virginia , june 4 - 7 . photos of insects and people from the 2013 gathering in arizona , july 25 - 28 photos of insects and people from the 2012 gathering in alabama photos of insects and people from the 2011 gathering in iowa photos from the 2010 workshop in grinnell , iowa photos from the 2009 gathering in washington
disclaimer : dedicated naturalists volunteer their time and resources here to provide this service . we strive to provide accurate information , but we are mostly just amateurs attempting to make sense of a diverse natural world . if you need expert professional advice , contact your local extension office .
contributors own the copyright to and are solely responsible for contributed content . click the contributor ' s name for licensing and usage information . everything else copyright © 2003 - 2018 iowa state university , unless otherwise noted .
the ground beetles ( coleoptera : carabidae ) of the maritime provinces of canada . . . c . g . majka , y . bousquet , & s . westby . 2007 . zootaxa 1590 : 1–36 .
blå punkter visar fynd registrerade i artportalen och övriga databaser anslutna till lifewatch . kan innehålla observationer som inte är validerade . kartan uppdateras var fjärde vecka .
i det avancerade verktyget kan man söka ut och få fram artlistor , t ex arter i ett visst län , i en viss biotop , substrat , som påverkas av en hotfaktor , eller som är knutna till en sk värdart , t ex trädet alm . dessa kan även kombineras .
söka fram arter som är rödlistade , knutna till alm , är beroende av död ved och som finns i kronobergs län .
söka fram arter som är rödlistade , lever i småvatten och som påverkas negativt av igenväxning .
defaultläget i verktyget är arter som är rödlistade 2015 och dessa är klassade på samtliga sökfaktorer . under fliken rödlistekategori kan man dock välja att även inkludera arter som inte är rödlistade . om man väljer att inkludera icke rödlistade arter behöver man vara medveten om att samtliga arter inte är klassade på samtliga faktorer . nedan en sammanställning av vad som är komplett .
denna funktion används när du vill skapa din egen lista av arter att hantera . du kan t . ex . navigera mellan arterna i listan genom att klicka på deras namn . du kan också välja att använda knappen ”jämför arter” för att se bilder , kartor och kännetecken i en jämförelsevy .
du kan komponera ditt eget urval av arter genom att klicka dig fram via släktträdet och där välja arter eller artgrupper till din lista . ett annat sätt att göra ditt urval är att använda fliken ”filtrera” , där du kan söka på olika egenskaper . ovanför listan med sökresultatet finns en knapp ”lägg i mitt urval” .
the mit license copyright ( c ) 2014 - 2016 google , inc . urltoken permission is hereby granted , free of charge , to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files ( the
software
) , to deal in the software without restriction , including without limitation the rights to use , copy , modify , merge , publish , distribute , sublicense , and / or sell copies of the software , and to permit persons to whom the software is furnished to do so , subject to the following conditions : the above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the software . the software is provided
as is
, without warranty of any kind , express or implied , including but not limited to the warranties of merchantability , fitness for a particular purpose and noninfringement . in no event shall the authors or copyright holders be liable for any claim , damages or other liability , whether in an action of contract , tort or otherwise , arising from , out of or in connection with the software or the use or other dealings in the software .
the mit license ( mit ) copyright ( c ) 2011 - 2015 twitter , inc permission is hereby granted , free of charge , to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files ( the
software
) , to deal in the software without restriction , including without limitation the rights to use , copy , modify , merge , publish , distribute , sublicense , and / or sell copies of the software , and to permit persons to whom the software is furnished to do so , subject to the following conditions : the above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the software . the software is provided
as is
, without warranty of any kind , express or implied , including but not limited to the warranties of merchantability , fitness for a particular purpose and noninfringement . in no event shall the authors or copyright holders be liable for any claim , damages or other liability , whether in an action of contract , tort or otherwise , arising from , out of or in connection with the software or the use or other dealings in the software .
copyright ( c ) 2008 - 2013 sprymedia limited urltoken permission is hereby granted , free of charge , to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files ( the
software
) , to deal in the software without restriction , including without limitation the rights to use , copy , modify , merge , publish , distribute , sublicense , and / or sell copies of the software , and to permit persons to whom the software is furnished to do so , subject to the following conditions : the above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the software . the software is provided
as is
, without warranty of any kind , express or implied , including but not limited to the warranties of merchantability , fitness for a particular purpose and noninfringement . in no event shall the authors or copyright holders be liable for any claim , damages or other liability , whether in an action of contract , tort or otherwise , arising from , out of or in connection with the software or the use or other dealings in the software .
copyright 2008 - 2015 martin wendt , urltoken permission is hereby granted , free of charge , to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files ( the
software
) , to deal in the software without restriction , including without limitation the rights to use , copy , modify , merge , publish , distribute , sublicense , and / or sell copies of the software , and to permit persons to whom the software is furnished to do so , subject to the following conditions : the above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the software . the software is provided
as is
, without warranty of any kind , express or implied , including but not limited to the warranties of merchantability , fitness for a particular purpose and noninfringement . in no event shall the authors or copyright holders be liable for any claim , damages or other liability , whether in an action of contract , tort or otherwise , arising from , out of or in connection with the software or the use or other dealings in the software .
the mit license ( mit ) - urltoken copyright ( c ) steven sanderson , the knockout . js team , and other contributors urltoken permission is hereby granted , free of charge , to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files ( the
software
) , to deal in the software without restriction , including without limitation the rights to use , copy , modify , merge , publish , distribute , sublicense , and / or sell copies of the software , and to permit persons to whom the software is furnished to do so , subject to the following conditions : the above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the software . the software is provided
as is
, without warranty of any kind , express or implied , including but not limited to the warranties of merchantability , fitness for a particular purpose and noninfringement . in no event shall the authors or copyright holders be liable for any claim , damages or other liability , whether in an action of contract , tort or otherwise , arising from , out of or in connection with the software or the use or other dealings in the software .
copyright ( c ) 2009–2015 permission is hereby granted , free of charge , to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files ( the
software
) , to deal in the software without restriction , including without limitation the rights to use , copy , modify , merge , publish , distribute , sublicense , and / or sell copies of the software , and to permit persons to whom the software is furnished to do so , subject to the following conditions : the above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the software . the software is provided
as is
, without warranty of any kind , express or implied , including but not limited to the warranties of merchantability , fitness for a particular purpose and noninfringement . in no event shall the authors or copyright holders be liable for any claim , damages or other liability , whether in an action of contract , tort or otherwise , arising from , out of or in connection with the software or the use or other dealings in the software .
eol content is automatically assembled from many different content providers . as a result , from time to time you may find pages on eol that are confusing .
to request an improvement , please leave a comment on the page . thank you !
scientists aim to describe a single ' tree of life ' that reflects the evolutionary relationships of living things . however , evolutionary relationships are a matter of ongoing discovery , and there are different opinions about how living things should be grouped and named . eol reflects these differences by supporting several different scientific ' classifications ' . some species have been named more than once . such duplicates are listed under synonyms . eol also provides support for common names which may vary across regions as well as languages .
html public
- / / w3c / / dtd xhtml 1 . 0 strict / / en
urltoken
bousquet , y . ( editor ) . 1991 . checklist of beetles of canada and alaska . research branch , agriculutre canada . publication 1861 / e . , ottawa . 430pp . excel version ( includes updates ) . online . available : urltoken
due to latency between updates made in state , provincial or other natureserve network databases and when they appear on natureserve explorer , for state or provincial information you may wish to contact the data steward in your jurisdiction to obtain the most current data . please refer to
distribution data for u . s . states and canadian provinces is known to be incomplete or has not been reviewed for this taxon .
use the generic guidelines for the application of occurrence ranks ( 2008 ) . the key for ranking species occurrences using the generic approach provides a step - wise process for implementing this method .
zoological data developed by natureserve and its network of natural heritage programs ( see local programs ) and other contributors and cooperators ( see sources ) .
the small print : trademark , copyright , citation guidelines , restrictions on use , and information disclaimer .
note : all species and ecological community data presented in natureserve explorer at urltoken were updated to be current with natureserve ' s central databases as of november 2016 . note : this report was printed on
trademark notice :
natureserve
, natureserve explorer , the natureserve logo , and all other names of natureserve programs referenced herein are trademarks of natureserve . any other product or company names mentioned herein are the trademarks of their respective owners .
copyright notice : copyright © 2017 natureserve , 4600 n . fairfax dr . , 7th floor , arlington virginia 22203 , u . s . a . all rights reserved . each document delivered from this server or web site may contain other proprietary notices and copyright information relating to that document . the following citation should be used in any published materials which reference the web site .
natureserve . 2017 . natureserve explorer : an online encyclopedia of life [ web application ] . version 7 . 1 . natureserve , arlington , virginia . available http : / / explorer . natureserve . org . ( accessed :
ridgely , r . s . , t . f . allnutt , t . brooks , d . k . mcnicol , d . w . mehlman , b . e . young , and j . r . zook . 2003 . digital distribution maps of the birds of the western hemisphere , version 1 . 0 . natureserve , arlington , virginia , usa .
data provided by natureserve in collaboration with robert ridgely , james zook , the nature conservancy - migratory bird program , conservation international - cabs , world wildlife fund - us , and environment canada - wildspace .
patterson , b . d . , g . ceballos , w . sechrest , m . f . tognelli , t . brooks , l . luna , p . ortega , i . salazar , and b . e . young . 2003 . digital distribution maps of the mammals of the western hemisphere , version 1 . 0 . natureserve , arlington , virginia , usa .
data provided by natureserve in collaboration with bruce patterson , wes sechrest , marcelo tognelli , gerardo ceballos , the nature conservancy - migratory bird program , conservation international - cabs , world wildlife fund - us , and environment canada - wildspace .
iucn , conservation international , and natureserve . 2004 . global amphibian assessment . iucn , conservation international , and natureserve , washington , dc and arlington , virginia , usa .
data developed as part of the global amphibian assessment and provided by iucn - world conservation union , conservation international and natureserve .
no graphics available from this server can be used , copied or distributed separate from the accompanying text . any rights not expressly granted herein are reserved by natureserve . nothing contained herein shall be construed as conferring by implication , estoppel , or otherwise any license or right under any trademark of natureserve . no trademark owned by natureserve may be used in advertising or promotion pertaining to the distribution of documents delivered from this server without specific advance permission from natureserve . except as expressly provided above , nothing contained herein shall be construed as conferring any license or right under any natureserve copyright .
) . your comments will be very valuable in improving the overall quality of our databases for the benefit of all users .
html public
- / / w3c / / dtd html 4 . 01 transitional / / en
javascript is required to use this web site . please turn it on before proceeding .
canada : alberta , flatbush ( w of , athabina dist . , near hughes ' farm )
canada : alberta , lesser slave lake ( east end , 8 . 1 km n of slave lake )


bathyprion danae , the fangtooth smooth-head , is a species of slickhead found in deep waters of the atlantic and pacific oceans .

it is in the monotypic genus bathyprion .

bathyprion danae

you can download standardized annotation of the bathyprion danae mitogenomic sequence via the links below .
kari pihlaviita added the finnish common name
haukisilokuore
to
bathyprion danae marshall , 1966
.
scientific synonyms and common names bathyprion danae marshall , 1966 synonyms : bathyprion danae marshall , 1966c , dana rep . , ( 68 ) : 4 - 9 , fig . 1 - 3 ( 33°26 ' s . , 157°02 ' e . ) . holotype : zmuc no . p . 1785 . bathyprion danae : markle , 1976 : 133 - 134 , fig . 39b . common names : fangtooth smooth - head [ en ]
fangtooth slickhead , bathyprion danae - mcz 57613 . source : museum of comparative zoology , harvard university . license : cc by attribution - noncommercial - sharealike
marshall , n . b . 1966 . bathyprion danae a new genus and species of alepocephaliform fishes . dana reports ( 68 ) : 1 - 10 .
* fangtooth smooth - head , bathyprion danae marshall , 1966 . * genus bathytroctes * bathytroctes breviceps sazonov , 1999 . * bathytroctes elegans sazonov & ivanov , 1979 . more
marshall , n . b . 1966c . bathyprion danae . a new genus and species of alepocephaliform fishes . dana rep . , ( 68 ) : 1 - 10 , fig . 1 - 3 .
citation :
fangtooth slickheads , bathyprion danae ~ marinebio . org .
marinebio conservation society . web . accessed monday , july 9 , 2018 . < urltoken > . last update : 1 / 14 / 2013 2 : 22 : 00 pm ~ contributor ( s ) : marinebio
bailly , n . ( 2014 ) . bathyprion danae . in : froese , r . and d . pauly . editors . ( 2014 ) fishbase . in : costello , m . j . ; bouchet , p . ; boxshall , g . ; arvantidis , c . ; appeltans , w . ( 2014 ) european register of marine species , accessed through pesi at
markle , d . f . 1976 . preliminary studies on the systematics of deep - sea alepocephaloidea ( pisces : salmoniformes ) . a dissertation presented to the faculty of the school of marine science . the college of william and mary in virginia . 225 pp . , 41 fig . ( not published ) .
greek , bathys = deep + greek , prion , - onos = saw ( ref . 45335 )
marine ; bathypelagic ; depth range 100 - 3200 m ( ref . 4460 ) . deep - water ; 56°n - 28°s
eastern atlantic : namibia ( 21°43 ' s to 27°14 ' s ) . elsewhere , north atlantic ( 55°43 ' n to 42°56 ' n ) and western pacific .
maturity : l m ? range ? - ? cm max length : 38 . 0 cm sl male / unsexed ; ( ref . 4460 )
dorsal spines ( total ) : 0 ; dorsal soft rays ( total ) : 24 - 27 ; anal spines : 0 ; anal soft rays : 24 - 27 . pelvic fins with a splint bone .
markle , d . f . and j . - c . quéro , 1984 . alepocephalidae ( including bathylaconidae , bathyprionidae ) . p . 228 - 253 . in p . j . p . whitehead , m . - l . bauchot , j . - c . hureau , j . nielsen and e . tortonese ( eds . ) fishes of the north - eastern atlantic and the mediterranean . unesco , paris . vol . 1 . ( ref . 4736 )
) : 3 . 5 - 11 . 4 , mean 7 . 6 ( based on 173 cells ) .
phylogenetic diversity index ( ref . 82805 ) : pd 50 = 1 . 0000 [ uniqueness , from 0 . 5 = low to 2 . 0 = high ] .
bayesian length - weight : a = 0 . 00339 ( 0 . 00151 - 0 . 00760 ) , b = 3 . 19 ( 2 . 99 - 3 . 39 ) , in cm total length , based on lwr estimates for this ( sub ) family - body shape ( ref . 93245 ) .
trophic level ( ref . 69278 ) : 3 . 5 ±0 . 5 se ; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
resilience ( ref . 69278 ) : medium , minimum population doubling time 1 . 4 - 4 . 4 years ( preliminary k or fecundity . ) .
vulnerability ( ref . 59153 ) : moderate to high vulnerability ( 51 of 100 ) .
: missing argument 2 for checkecotox ( ) , called in / var / www / html / summary / speciessummary . php on line 1995 and defined in
: missing argument 3 for checkecotox ( ) , called in / var / www / html / summary / speciessummary . php on line 1995 and defined in
html public
- / / w3c / / dtd xhtml 1 . 0 strict / / en
urltoken
thank you for taking the time to provide feedback on the iucn red list of threatened species website , we are grateful for your input .
is widely distributed in the atlantic , western pacific , caribbean and off the east coast of the united states . in the eastern central atlantic this species has been found in madeira and off of namibia . this is a rare species with only a handful of museum collections and there are no records of this species in its range . this species inhabits depths from 600 m to 5 , 000 m and may be found in depths greater than 8 , 000 m . there are no major threats known and this species is not utilized at the present time . it is listed as least concern .
2003 ) . in the eastern central atlantic , this species is known from madeira and the canaries to off western ireland , as well as off of namibia . this species was caught in a bottom trawl haul from the depth of 8 , 800 m in japan ( parin and shcherbachev 1973 ) .
anguilla ; antigua and barbuda ; australia ; bahamas ; barbados ; bonaire , sint eustatius and saba ; china ; curaçao ; dominica ; dominican republic ; france ( france ( mainland ) ) ; grenada ; guadeloupe ; haiti ; ireland ; japan ; martinique ; montserrat ; morocco ; namibia ; new caledonia ; new zealand ; norfolk island ; papua new guinea ; portugal ( azores , madeira , portugal ( mainland ) ) ; puerto rico ; saint barthélemy ; saint kitts and nevis ; saint lucia ; saint martin ( french part ) ; saint vincent and the grenadines ; sint maarten ( dutch part ) ; spain ( canary is . , spain ( mainland ) ) ; taiwan , province of china ( taiwan , province of china ( main island ) ) ; trinidad and tobago ; turks and caicos islands ; united kingdom ; united states ; venezuela , bolivarian republic of ; virgin islands , british ; virgin islands , u . s . ; western sahara
is a rare species with only a handful of specimens present in museum collections .
alepocephalidae are characterized by species that inhabit depths of about 600 m to 5 , 000 m with most species occurring below 1 , 000 m ( hartel in press ) . however ,
was recorded from 8 , 800 m ( parin and shcherbachev 1973 ) . these species feed on a variety of food items including ctenophores , crustaceans , echinoderms , polychaetes , decapods , tunicates and fishes ( hartel in press ) . it attains a maximum size of up to 39cm ( standard length ) .
there are no major threats known for this species . in the eastern central atlantic region trawl fisheries do not trawl deeper than 200 m ( koranteng 2001 , nunoo pers . comm . 2012 ) .
there are no species - specific conservation measures in place for this species . its distribution may overlap with marine reserves in parts of its range ( world database on protected areas 2010 ) , however , it is not known if protection encompasses the depth range of the species .
to make use of this information , please check the < terms of use > .
is widely distributed in the atlantic and western and eastern pacific oceans . in the northeastern atlantic ,
is known only from the azores and madeira . this is a rare species and little information is available about its population status , habitats or ecology . there are no major threats known and this species is not utilized at the present time . however , given that records from the assessment region are isolated and scattered ,
. 2014 ) and there are isolated records at about 55° n ( markle and quero 1986 ) . it is known from about 1 , 100 to 3 , 100 m ( markle and quero 1984 ) .
france ( france ( mainland ) ) ; ireland ; portugal ( azores , madeira , portugal ( mainland ) , selvagens ) ; spain ( canary is . , spain ( mainland ) )
there are no species - specific conservation measures in place for this species . its distribution may overlap with marine reserves in parts of its range , however , it is not known if protection encompasses the depth range of the species .
if you have images for this taxon that you would like to share with atlas of living australia , please upload using the upload tools .
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : c809289f - 0017 - 4d82 - ad7e - 05d2e3e524bb
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : cceb9f3f - 5d75 - 4154 - ac61 - 5b89a1397a85
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : cdb2a5a0 - 2e38 - 495b - 9712 - e73acbef3fe1
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : fd9140c1 - 0da3 - 40cf - 86e6 - 724ce8570041
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . name : 548527
explore species occurrence records in the context of their environment . find records and model species distributions . export reports , maps and data .
find out how you can contribute to a citizen science project in your area , or explore one of the many citizen science projects supported by the ala .
did you see something ? photograph something ? contribute your sighting to the atlas of living australia .
the atlas of living australia acknowledges australia ' s traditional owners and pays respect to the past and present elders of the nation ' s aboriginal and torres strait islander communities . we honour and celebrate the spiritual , cultural and customary connections of traditional owners to country and the biodiversity that forms part of that country .
html public
- / / w3c / / dtd xhtml 1 . 0 transitional / / en
urltoken
we use cookies to optimise your experience when using this site . view our cookie policy and our new privacy notice .
html public
- / / w3c / / dtd html 4 . 01 transitional / / en
urltoken
special publication of the center for biodiversity research and information , no . 1 , vol 1 - 3
moore , jon a . , karsten e . hartel , james e . craddock , and john k . galbraith
this home page section for this species is currently being developed and will be completed asap ! if you would like to help out or know of a great video , photo or site about this species , let us know and we ' ll notify you as soon as it is finished . our current project plan is to have all marine species home pages finished before christmas this year . if you ' d like to find out more about our ongoing projects here at marinebio , check out our marinebio projects page .
start or join a discussion about this species below or send us an email to report any errors or submit suggestions for this page . we greatly appreciate all feedback !
help us protect and restore marine life by supporting our various online community - centered marine conservation projects that are effectively sharing the wonders of the ocean with millions each year around the world , raising a balanced awareness of the increasingly troubling and often very complex marine conservation issues that affect marine life and ourselves directly , providing support to marine conservation groups on the frontlines that are making real differences today , and the scientists , teachers and students involved in the marine life sciences .
with your support , most marine life and their ocean habitats can be protected , if not restored to their former natural levels of biodiversity . we sincerely thank our thousands of members , donors and sponsors , who have decided to get involved and support the marinebio conservation society .
deep music digitally imported urltoken proton radio * radio paradise radiotunes somafm wers 88 . 9 fm
~ sharing the wonders of the ocean to inspire conservation , education , research , and a sea ethic ~ marinebio . org , inc . is a u . s . 501 ( c ) 3 charitable , nonprofit organization . contact : info @ urltoken all marinebio conservation society memberships and donations are tax deductible in the united states . > < ( ( ( ( ° > © 1998 - 2017 marinebio copyright & terms of use . privacy policy . > - < °° > - <
for all at last returns to the sea — to oceanus , the ocean river , like the everflowing stream of time , the beginning and the end .
- rachel carson
html public
- / / w3c / / dtd xhtml 1 . 1 / / en
urltoken
( for details about our automatic annotation engine , refer to mitoannotator ) . the image on the right side is a visual representation of the mitogenome created by circos . the innermost circle represents gc % per every 5bp of the mitogenome ; the darker lines are , the higher their gc % are .
copyright © atmosphere and ocean research institute , the university of tokyo , japan .
the webpage text is licensed under a creative commons attribution - noncommercial 4 . 0 license
van der land , j . ; costello , m . j . ; zavodnik , d . ; santos , r . s . ; porteiro , f . m . ; bailly , n . ; eschmeyer , w . n . ; froese , r . ( 2001 ) . pisces , in : costello , m . j . et al . ( ed . ) ( 2001 ) . european register of marine species : a check - list of the marine species in europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification . collection patrimoines naturels , 50 : pp . 357 - 374 ( look up in imis ) [ details ]
moore , j . a . , m . vecchione , b . b . collette , and r . gibbons . ( 2002 ) the fauna of bear seamount ( new england seamount chain ) , and the presence of
natural invader
species . paper cm 2002 / m : 25 , ices annual science conference and ices centenary , 1 - 5 october 2002 , copenhagen [ details ]
integrated taxonomic information system ( itis ) . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
froese , r . & d . pauly ( editors ) . ( 2018 ) . fishbase . world wide web electronic publication . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
intergovernmental oceanographic commission ( ioc ) of unesco . the ocean biogeographic information system ( obis ) , available online at urltoken [ details ]
eol content is automatically assembled from many different content providers . as a result , from time to time you may find pages on eol that are confusing .
to request an improvement , please leave a comment on the page . thank you !
html public
- / / w3c / / dtd xhtml 1 . 0 strict / / en
urltoken
we parsed the following live from the web into this page . such content is managed by its original site and not cached on discover life . please send feedback and corrections directly to the source . see original regarding copyrights and terms of use .
) : 3 . 5 - 11 . 4 , mean 7 . 6 ( based on 173 cells ) . phylogenetic diversity index ( ref .
bayesian length - weight : a = 0 . 00339 ( 0 . 00151 - 0 . 00760 ) , b = 3 . 19 ( 2 . 99 - 3 . 39 ) , in cm total length , based on lwr estimates for this ( sub ) family - body shape ( ref .
) : medium , minimum population doubling time 1 . 4 - 4 . 4 years ( preliminary k or fecundity . ) .
marine ; bathypelagic ; depth range 100 - 3200 m ( ref . 4460 ) . deep - water , preferred ? ; 56°n - 28°s
% pdf - 1 . 3 % åþë× 2 0 obj < < / type / font / subtype / type1 / basefont / courier / encoding / winansiencoding > > endobj 3 0 obj < < / type / xobject / subtype / image / width 3498 / height 5480 / bitspercomponent 1 / colorspace / devicegray / filter [ / ccittfaxdecode ] / decodeparms [ < < / columns 3498 / rows 5480 / k - 1 > > ] / length 65477 > > stream ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿù¥ çÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿè aptir®©r®©v - { yj ! ¢i e $ xlüvj rîþeðdå ` : hcn´âðvaö»ô«kìãaîiúì aràxcñì3ì õ ! úªuè©ôüqp°ýòkuèqk ´ = ¥µd á¿u èu®° > »x @ ô´¡ # ü > j©v»ê½¥jýw×í } r 6lvc , m¯úò®kêáújµó ~ « ` ¥õa6¾¶ ? kä6«ÿjúzðýi [ köÿ¶× & ãªvüuã¥a ? úàu·ái + kõ½krumpmw÷ ] / ¥ªõu º ] µ×®éki - ¿u ^ úêµþ©t»k¿½a . m * irjü ! øuùh ë²úrë ( !  »xeöâa / e¸ð9u
d ép zyð0d î âúòìj©nò° ( øa2l ' në6¨j½ , à
öáa ; ® [
ý ? òp  \ a0 õ ; ua £bäiztel4âa0©óé ) a4øl ;  @ âéa0© âkoép ! ù¬ % ¬ av * âjúába0 tö væcgvêiöjji§mt & i ; r¦ âh # ±°ó0 ' zjp tâºâ ` l & i0aar _ m autí®m4â 5tý * ¨ ~ ja5 [ õ & l * ðm < & kko @ awp«m % âiâ bj¯ª¤m0´íªõõt & h &  úzzþªô - º¥l & «i l ' zái & â¢½ % j1 ~ ¡t ( l $ tõj© z¥7 µkú¨msl -
2d ¾7h ò . òkòïzªª¤ad3¡ é¯ªúv áéaåð % ¶´©¦   iëztªõ¥ða - : ^ òu ¨ éâm ' p¥¥¥t¥iz jî . = uúâ â gr××a } 8a6µ º÷zêxtih & j
¯÷ } ~ z íòçä @ / ãÿ¯ÿü7ûþ¯¶ÿÿ·úz ^ ¿ÿðëúöõüÿô ú¯ ¾ ÿ úü7÷ßßÿ¾ºÿmñ ^ ¿ÿû¥¥ï ~ cæ¿ÿý / ¯ãÿý7¢ ' äa _ ÿ _ ¿öÿÿÿú ÿÿûmïÿÿzÿo¥ÿýï÷ô¶ýÿ×½ð»º _ ÿíÿ÷ÿþoßý & úÿý×w·zÿâÿþ×ä ( çq ) h ? ûôãÿ |
 : þÿßàßÿÿÿ¿ÿßè / ýûûû5ê´¿ßoôdÿÿ¯tßï´¶ïÿb _ â ökÿýÿÿÿ ^ íx ~ ¿õ½1 ) ÿõý . ïo ] m = µ¯úÿÿößé ? ·ÿè / ð ^ ñ _ óþïÿwýó | 7uÿ } ônÿîëumtì + c [ ûadëýÿÿ×¿·úx } þôð _ µÿþuãvûÿþ¯uù®kéµuý $ í [ x ! v°òmxouÿÿÿû° % ÿêòõkúþïôßÿòÿû5ÿºÿ¶vvçöã \ 0á8i1å ' x kûkÿÿÿö ) ûÿôÿôþÿïÿí¯®§þý ~ ºòªiø & iðh6cad ~ å5«á¾ÿÿÿÿkêd ßw¯òýù @ æ»ü× { ivºý«¥ýªã0ó¶õ4ðr ó @ øâ 0bqå2 ú ` è0ªûõÿöý÷úh & óýþsëúÿmm { ¿ýõ ~ ò¡8i m4øa $ aø6µ¥ok ãl & qgp  } ? ÿßþÿwè `  . ýí { ÷i¥ý . ªëý®½ö¦«i ^ ¶laãv ! ' ¦û ^ ×ááa ¦d¥ÿû¯þè # py®wí ? § ] vì )  ~ ýu´ìãºm + ´  0 @ âå ' ò a¯¦ã  ! m
ô ` áe ( $ íïd0õÿúßê¿tfúßýúv½ú¦râi¦ l øì + $  ` 0b®óßh0¶úh0 °áò ~ l « } þúyñúoû ~ ûa [ ] ¶4ó´4îa½ @ áb dt | sí * òp ¦uu ¦ dtà \ } ëkÿúö¶¸aúë¦øvõ³m´ul % aæ ` å & ±iûtõþl â 4 âêþÿö¶ú [ jú ^ úv ! 9 ´¡¥ + 0æõ¦ö¶×øa
ó3 â¦ a0 ( ¡ ) úý«g > óm + m6õ ; jyúã iqqi ä ~ @ ûaótªi â ! ãöðr * 00o °aáaël ] ãb£h0 { p¦ôîûd b

¡è0a 6 ) 4ôómv - o¦øjvaí
møa¤ôóí¥vl4pýa¦cm¶ ; ¦ ð aacÿáúziªv úa0ªì0ñ  &

z ? íl & ¬¡èâ02a´06±ø¸a $ aê | £÷×b
) âî¢ $ ÷ñ 5¡þò©¨utöò«óïì0 & ÿúb»ÿê×ÿ¦é j´µµß } ì0hn®¶ºl $ õõ  , 0 cbx # â , µ a 4a ² ±1ÿòì÷ , áâoø { ßÿÿÿÿ , ª @ ä ä âb¬dfvj2 & f ; ¥8 pñ jaòm è2rt¸ `  á ¦a8
«  ^  â @ â¦ió ; dlr ] d ^ k¶4bã ¼dy¶c òºm¢ùxýø @ û i¶múzo > l2 ) 6âzé¶¦÷ [ h > i¤§v÷õxý4·om + óipô : ¿bªíãßïmz _ âöô¾íÿþ½wº [ r _ õÿü9zát×ûö |  ` ?
- ïÿö ð½ÿíÿ _ ÿÿûþ ÿÿøáÿÿÿ ÷t¿ _ ÿéÿ ¿zß×ãn÷a { ÿmç { ú _ ë½ÿ } þ× ] + vísçu¯ê } kë¦ýí ?  } °ºí«ª«¤øtú÷úk¥izwpöõxsë } ·ãi´5m & öúªl03áâl0 a®¬s \ 3ø ` luå1m1ucm¨a a§ | ú a¦©°i
mh° ` ² aqcâ j ° 6u & j # dÿÿÿÿÿþé¬ â´ôgÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿò ¦ \ õ¨ì @ 9g - º ) 0ä ¸ñb ¨ oä ¤ !  òú5 ! a25 b± iø h4å°4ï gçô !  ? 37x @ þýã áúýómµîó° = è7àê 0  | 9ø2 jbå @ kmöèhàâ ! ã  : 0l5a  aík ` p ! á©  @ r @ th ò p ; i6ýx & áðw ¤ãpû´mwò ûvªiý°on© ' ¯ònûm¿ûa7·ºo [ òmÿº÷¦öý ' ÿi»ýõý¤þß¥ûé \ ïÿþé > ß [ ×ûíþlvúþ··é ; þíþ®«i¿õë _ íÿ _ þßóu } ÿoçõÿ×ý¼7ýÿê÷úý } ¿÷þ¯ßïõÿöÿz÷õÿ½¿î¿ÿízûûþ·ïñýûþû¯ÿöþßûü % ßÿõïý¿òÿÿûûþßéÿòûßìÿÿ¿ïýübÿëß÷å®½¾¡ ~ ÿÿíñö÷¯ïý¿ïõÿÿþÿïÿëÿý¿íü ÿßíôß÷ú þ¿ { ýßöÿÿß ~ ´¶ÿ·øo¯ëÿßýþßÿä ^ þÿ·ÿÿúýöþëíºõ { þÿý¿ûº×ïµýþç { ÿ®öÿþûk _ ÷÷ûûoë÷û¥ÿýõéµuöòúûöãnµêÿoßïîéu { ¯z [ ~ ßû´°¤ú ~ újþíºêöòöëú÷¶úz¶kí¥oíýû [ 0âmªì0o½×a°âjjøtó 0wóm´0h z ý5ã à¬ ãr \ à¡ ^ â é§c : ² ë @ âôl & + ´ã¼¶ã ` nlpaøb4âá un»h
x ßcÿé ácit &  $ bfý áafbtäb # ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿùógrûèìèð ! þ $ t£ $ l & ² , ìôk°xl . ¡q¾íôaå4mê ! $ 5ãôûê ` \ b¶dx8 @ è ( kè ' å¯ [  * j4÷vå¤d [ © êéoëkä2± } ñ´ø«òná fndaâ»°è øv¾èhaùvhî ? ¤û¨õaßû½ó¥ÿ÷×pîûôïûþ·ïóz¾yu ? ù7àá & ïøõz ~ ½oÿú×þ×oÿ ~ ? ÿúkÿõÿÿµÿÿ¯ÿ¡ÿÿÿ & l ; y - rûå¹¯ÿ¿ëål9xîbj @  ÿééÿþy @ àl« ! fh & v ; ª < c ¨c üï / ÿ×òè¡ b
ëe [ ! aäà§nëh0õÿÿü·èîé @ tðak  ða < & ò _ d _ h ¿× ] übìêâ
van der land , j . ; costello , m . j . ; zavodnik , d . ; santos , r . s . ; porteiro , f . m . ; bailly , n . ; eschmeyer , w . n . ; froese , r . ( 2001 ) . pisces , in : costello , m . j . et al . ( ed . ) ( 2001 ) . european register of marine species : a check - list of the marine species in europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification . collection patrimoines naturels , 50 : pp . 357 - 374
moore , j . a . , m . vecchione , b . b . collette , and r . gibbons . ( 2002 ) the fauna of bear seamount ( new england seamount chain ) , and the presence of
natural invader
species . paper cm 2002 / m : 25 , ices annual science conference and ices centenary , 1 - 5 october 2002 , copenhagen
this work is licensed under a creative commons attribution - share alike 3 . 0 license
pesi is funded by the european union 7th framework programme within the research infrastructures programme . contract no . ri - 223806 . activity area : capacities . period 2008 - 2011 - website hosted & developed by vliz banner picture : gannet ( morus bassanus ( linnaeus , 1758 ) ) by karl van ginderdeuren - contact pesi
our website has detected that you are using an outdated insecure browser that will prevent you from using the site . we suggest you upgrade to a modern browser .
chinese academy of fishery sciences ( 2003 ) chinese aquatic germplasm resources database . : urltoken
eschmeyer , william n . , ed . , 1998 : catalog of fishes . special publication of the center for biodiversity research and information , no . 1 , vol 1 - 3 . 2905 .
fao - fies ( 2017 ) aquatic sciences and fisheries information system ( asfis ) species list . : retrievef from urltoken ( accessed 08 / 06 / 2017 ) .
froese , r . & d . pauly ( editors ) . ( 2018 ) . fishbase . world wide web electronic publication .
markle , d . f . and j . - c . quéro ( 1984 ) alepocephalidae ( including bathylaconidae , bathyprionidae ) . : p . 228 - 253 . in p . j . p . whitehead , m . - l . bauchot , j . - c . hureau , j . nielsen and e . tortonese ( eds . ) fishes of the north - eastern atlantic and the mediterranean . unesco , paris . vol . 1 .
moore , jon a . , karsten e . hartel , james e . craddock , and john k . galbraith , 2003 : an annotated list of deepwater fishes from off the new england region , with new area records . northeastern naturalist , vol . 10 , no . 2 . 159 - 248 .
wu , h . l . , k . - t . shao and c . f . lai ( eds . ) ( 1999 ) latin - chinese dictionary of fishes names . : the sueichan press , taiwan . 1028 p .
van der land , j . ; costello , m . j . ; zavodnik , d . ; santos , r . s . ; porteiro , f . m . ; bailly , n . ; eschmeyer , w . n . ; froese , r . ( 2001 ) . pisces , < b > < i > in < / i > < / b > : costello , m . j . < i > et al . < / i > ( ed . ) ( 2001 ) . < i > european register of marine species : a check - list of the marine species in europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification . collection patrimoines naturels , < / i > 50 : pp . 357 - 374
cfm script by eagbayani , 12 . 10 . 04 , php script by rolavides , 05 / 02 / 08 , last modified by cgarilao , 13 / 05 / 08
body slender and elongate , with a large head . eyes much smaller than snout . snout pointed . upper and lower jaws with fang - like teeth . rear margin of jaw extends well beyond posterior margin of orbit . dorsal fin directly over of anal fin . pectoral and pelvic fins small . scales tiny .
whitehead , p . j . p . , m . - l . bauchot , j . - c . hureau , j . g . nielsen and e . tortonese . 1986 . fishes of the north - eastern atlantic and the mediterranean . vol . i -
a uniformly blackish deepwater shark with a short , blunt snout , fleshy lips , large triangular serrated teeth in the lower jaw , and no fin spines . the black shark can carve out chunks flesh like the related cookiecutter sharks .
a bluish - black slickhead covered in many large , nodular photophores on the head and body , with a slightly paler head , a broadly rounded snout , a very large eye , and short jaws that do not extend beyond the middle of the eye .
a longnosed brownish - grey dogfish with a long - based first dorsal fin and no subcaudal keel .
a pale tan to pale bluish grey , or dark brown spiny eel with two or more complete rows of palatine and dentary teeth , and 9 - 12 unconnected short , sharp dorsal - fin spines .
fabulous footage of a species of melanocetus filmed in the monterey bay , california .
a primitive eel - like deepwater shark with a single low dorsal fin positioned far back on the body , six ' frilled ' gill slits , a large mouth with groups of small sharp inward pointing teeth and no lower lobe on the long caudal fin . frill sharks are dark brown to greyish in colour , often with a paler underside . video of a frill shark swimming video of a frill shark swimming just above the bottom in 950 metres off south carolina ( usa ) . video of a female frill shark caught off awashima port in shizuoka , southwest of tokyo . the shark was transferred to the awashima marine park , but only lived for a few hours .
, select family and click on ' identification by pictures ' to display all available pictures in fishbase for the family .
, select country and click on ' identification by pictures ' to display all available pictures in fishbase for the country .
, select ecosystem and click on ' identification by pictures ' to display all available pictures in fishbase for the ecosystem .
cfm script by eagbayani , 30 . 11 . 04 , , php script by cmilitante , 05 / 11 / 2010 , last modified by cmilitante , 14 / 03 / 2013


lutz 's poison frog ( ameerega flavopicta ; formerly epipedobates flavopicta ) is a species of frog in the family dendrobatidae found in bolivia and brazil .

its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests , subtropical or tropical moist montane forests , moist savanna , subtropical or tropical moist shrubland , rivers , intermittent freshwater marshes , and rocky areas .

it is threatened by habitat loss .

lutz ' s poison frog

the lutz ' s poison frog is a species of frog in the dendrobatidae family . more
lutz ' s poison frog is a species of frog in the dendrobatidae family . manu poison frog - the manu poison frog or rana venenosa is a species of frog in the dendrobatidae family . more
the lutz ' s poison frog ( epipedobates flavopictus ) is a species of frog in the dendrobatidae family . it is found in bolivia and brazil . more
lutz ' s poison frog by reptiles and amphibians on apr 4 , 2010kingdom : animaliaphylum : chordataclass : amphibiaorder : anurafamily : dendrobatidaegenus : epipedobatesspecies : e . flavopictusthe lutz ' s poison frog ( epipedobates flavopictus ) is a species of frog in the dendrobatidae family . it is . . . more
lutz ' s poison frog - 1 reference result poison dart frogs since 1996 - dart frog info , links , supplies , feeder insects and frogs ! urltoken frogs find rhode island frogs rhode island ' s online local search . rhodeisland . local . more
the lutz ' s poison frog is classified as least concern . does not qualify for a more at risk category . widespread and abundant taxa are included in this category .
it is of note that lutz ' s poison dart frog has non - webbed , toad - like feet , but still manages to cruise through the water with surprising ease .
lutz ' s poison frog , ameerega flavopicta only on the serra , ph , r spot - legged poison frog , ameerega picta only on the new serra , ph , r rough - skinned green treefrog , hypsiboas cinereascens ph by karen on the serra treefrog species , osteocephalus cf . more
lutz ' s poison dart frog , ( ameerega flavopicta ) , is a species of poison dart frog . it is endemic to brazil . lutz ' s poison dart frog is also the only dendrobatid that is semi - aquatic . a strong swimmer , it can outpace most other small frogs and can stay submerged for up to five minutes . it prefers to remain close to the surface , however . on land , a . flavopicta is shy and reclusive , but in water it is extremely bold .
order : anura family : dendrobatidae genus : ameerega species : flavopicta authority : ( a . lutz , 1925 )
gland , switzerland , 5 july 2018 ( iucn ) – australia’s unique reptiles – including lizards and snakes – face severe threats from invasive species and climate change , with 7 % of th . . .
html public
- / / w3c / / dtd xhtml 1 . 0 strict / / en
urltoken
thank you for taking the time to provide feedback on the iucn red list of threatened species website , we are grateful for your input .
the value of medicinal and aromatic plant trade has increased three - fold in the past 20 years , but traditional harvesting practices are being replaced by less sustainable alternatives . . . .
a recently released iucn technical brief recommends increasing investments in sustainable land management practices , as well as better cooperation between agriculturalists and conservationists to conse . . .
the bolivian population is geographically separated from the main population in brazil , and could be a distinct species .
justification : listed as least concern in view of its wide distribution , presumed large population , and because it is unlikely to be declining fast enough to qualify for listing in a more threatened category .
this species is known from southeastern ( minas gerais , goiás , and tocantíns ) , northern ( pará ) , and northeastern ( maranhão ) , brazil . it has also been recorded from five localities in the eastern bolivian mountain ranges . it has been recorded from 400 - 1 , 500m asl .
a diurnal species found in rock crevices at creek margins in rupestrian fields , within the vegetation on a forest waterfall and amidst leaf - litter . eggs are laid on the litter and tadpoles are then carried by their parents to streams where they develop further . it does not adapt well to anthropogenic disturbance .
agriculture , both crops and livestock , as well as logging , mining , fires and dam construction are major threats to the species’ habitat . it is in the international pet trade , but not at a level to constitute a threat to the species .
claudia azevedo - ramos , rogério bastos , paula cabral eterovick , débora silvano . 2004 .
to make use of this information , please check the < terms of use > .
this species is known from southeastern ( minas gerais , goiás , and tocantíns ) , northern ( pará ) , and northeastern ( maranhão ) , brazil . it has also been recorded from five localities in the eastern bolivian mountain ranges . it has been recorded from 400 - 1 , 500m asl . a diurnal species found in rock crevices at creek margins in rupestrian fields , within the vegetation on a forest waterfall and amidst leaf - litter . eggs are laid on the litter and tadpoles are then carried by their parents to streams where they develop further . it does not adapt well to anthropogenic disturbance . agriculture , both crops and livestock , as well as logging , mining , fires and dam construction are major threats to the species’ habitat . it is in the international pet trade , but not at a level to constitute a threat to the species .
can ' t find a community you love ? create your own and start something epic .
html public
- / / w3c / / dtd html 4 . 01 transitional / / en
: the principle aim of this site is to provide information useful to improving outcomes for humans suffering from envenoming or poisoning by animals , plants or mushrooms . we make a reasonable attempt to verify accuracy of information listed on this site . however , we cannot access every published paper of potential relevance , either because they are not available to us or are in a language we cannot translate internally . equally , we cannot list knowledge which is not yet reported or known . it should not be assumed that humankind currently knows all there is to know about any species , even for common species . further , we cannot control how users will interpret the information provided on this site . we therefore do not accept legal responsibility for use of the information provided and we require that all users use information from this site at their own risk .
all rights reserved . best viewed in internet explorer 5 + - 800x600 resolution or higher .
html public
- / / w3c / / dtd xhtml 1 . 0 strict / / en
urltoken