the ludong or lobed river mullet is a freshwater mullet .

while it is claimed to be endemic to cagayan river and tributaries extending through the watersheds of cagayan valley and the santa-abra river systems of ilocos sur and abra in the philippines , verifiable and reliable sources have listed celebes , new caledonia , new hebrides , and fiji as areas where the lobed river mullet may be found .

according to the bfar , this fish is habituating in the deep pools of addalem river in aglipay , quirino , and rapids of didimpit in lacab , jones , isabela .

lobed river mullet

what is the description of that dish ( sinigang na banak ( lobed river mullet in sour tamarind soup ) ? ? pls , answer my question . . i need your help . . thanks ! = )
this mullet is often confused with the white mullet , mugil curema . however , the white mullet has scales extending onto its soft dorsal and anal fins while the striped mullet does not . they may also be identified by the anal ray fin count — 8 for the striped mullet and 9 for the white mullet .
the high value of the lobed river mullet , popularly known as
president ' s fish
has resulted in overfishing , seriously diminishing their numbers , said jovita ayson , a regional director of the fisheries bureau .
hi john , this sounds like an oppertunity to farm lobed river mullet the same way the salmon is raised here in the us . and it could be easier in the rp because they don’t have as a restrictive epa as we do here .
a short early morning session mullet fishing on a freshwater section of french river provides some excellent sport with plenty of pristine grey mullet caught using bread fished both on and below the surface . music from : urltoken urltoken
anal fin : one of the easiest ways to identify a striped mullet is by the number of anal fin rays . the striped mullet’s fin has 8 rays , whereas the white mullet has 9 .
cagayan river , lasi , & ludong - most expensive fish in the phils . | facebook
mouth : mullet have a distinctively shaped triangular mouth with several rows of small teeth .
dorsal fins : mullet are one of the few fish species with two dorsal fins . they are considered a ray - finned fish , because the fins are composed of webs of skin supported by bony spines , rather than fleshy lobed fins . the mullet’s first dorsal fin contains 5 sharp spines , while the second has 8 soft rays .
this photo , released by the philippine bureau of fisheries and aquatic resoruces ( bfar ) , shows a lobed river mullet , cestraeus plicatilis , locally known as
ludong
or
banak .
the species , reputed to be one of the favourite dishes of former president ferdinand marcos , is facing extinction in the philippines because it is so valuable , a fisheries official said saturday .
wildlife officials in china released a rare paddlefish into yangtze river sunday after nursing it back to health from injuries inflicted by fishermen .
the lobed river mullet , cestraeus plicatilis , is prized for its unique aroma and special taste—something that motivated former president ferdinand marcos to keep up to a year - long supply on hand at all times . now , the
president ' s fish ,
as it is known in the philippines , is also that country ' s most valuable , selling for as much as $ 114 per kilogram .
in the cagayan valley , the culture is largely ybanag and ilocano . these two groups share many similarities , including their respective foods . one cultural tradition , centered around food , is capturing and cooking ludong , also known as president’s fish or , in english , lobed river mullet ( cestraeus plicatilis ) . this fish is highly prized , and a great delicacy . unfortunately , it is also highly endangered .
posted on may 30 , 2014 , in mullet ( banak ) . bookmark the permalink . 3 comments .
lateral line : mullet do not have an obvious lateral line - the organ most fish use to detect variations in water currents .
gizzard : mullet have strong stomachs , similar to gizzards , and long intestines , allowing them to thrive on a primarily vegetarian diet .
this mullet is well known throughout the country as being the country’s most expensive fish . they are most common in the cagayan river of northern luzon , however they are also most likely present all around the country in estuaries and rivers . these plant feeders like most mullet species are a challenge to catch on hook and line . anglers targeting this species and others are likely to have success fly fishing with small bread , algae , and shrimp pattern .
last year , the people i was staying with lived very close to pinacanauan ( ? ) river . it was a pretty impressive river esp near callao . that’s where i first heard about the “ludong” , the president’s fish , its market price . i just can’t imagine how it tastes , but it has got to be super tasty to merit the honor .
the striped mullet is catadromous , that is , they spawn in saltwater yet spend most of their lives in freshwater . during the autumn and winter months , adult mullet migrate far offshore in large aggregations to spawn . in the gulf of mexico , mullet have been observed spawning 40 - 50 miles ( 65 - 80 km ) offshore in water over 3 , 280 feet ( 1 , 000 m ) deep . in other locations , spawning has been reported along beaches as well as offshore . estimated fecundity of the striped mullet is 0 . 5 to 2 . 0 million eggs per female , depending upon the size of the individual .
adipose eyelid : as they mature , mullet grow an adipose eyelid . this is a transparent fatty tissue covering the eye , which leaves a narrow slit over the pupil .
a species of mullet reputed to be one of the favourite dishes of former president ferdinand marcos is facing extinction in the philippines because it is so valuable , a fisheries official said saturday .
mullet are diurnal feeders , consuming mainly zooplankton , dead plant and marine animal matter . mullet have thick - walled gizzard - like segments in their stomach along with a long gastrointestinal tract that enables them to feed on many of the things in their diet . they are an ecologically important link in the energy flow within estuarine communities . feeding by sucking up the top layer of sediments , striped mullet remove dead plant and marine animal matter and microalgae . they also pick up some sediments which function to grind food in the gizzard - like portion of the stomach . mullet also graze on epiphytes and epifauna from seagrasses as well as ingest surface scum containing microalgae at the air - water interface . larval striped mullet feed primarily on microcrustaceans . one study found copepods , mosquito larvae , and plant debris in the stomach contents of larvae under 35mm in length . the amount of sand and other food matter in the stomach contents increases with length indicating that more food is ingested from the bottom substrate as the fish matures .
at restaurants where fresh or live fish are not available , the usual unspecified nameless white fish in fillet form that has apparently become the default is the so - called
cream dory
also called
river cobbler
. this is actually a fish from the family
the only problem is that catching the mullet is becoming increasingly difficult as the species is overfished to the brink of extinction . jovita ayson , a regional director of the fisheries bureau in the philippines , explained :
ludong has a unique taste and aroma , somewhat fishy , but different than that of other fish . though commonly termed a mullet , the taste is quite different than that of other , more common mullet , like red mullet . ludong spawns in a similar manner to wild salmon , though reversed . whereas a salmon lives in saltwater and heads upstream to spawn in fresh water , the ludong lives in freshwater pools upstream and swims downstream to spawn in saltwater . unfortunately , this is a big part of the reason that the fish are so endangered . ludong only migrate once in their lifespan to spawn , returning to fresh water to die a natural death ( though not immediately ) . the need to reproduce is a basic need in animals , as in humans . instinct drives the migration . environmental change from river dredging has also hampered fish stocks . the ludong is now highly endangered , on the verge of extinction .
i am now working for an international organization that established 12 freshwater sanctuaries in the tributaries of the cagayan river , a total of three provinces here in northern luzon . i am also from the visayas but now based in aparri , exactly where the cagayan river meets the sea . i have yet to see a ludong , but it is off - season now . i always walk / jog at the pier area and saw folks trying to fish . if i see one caught using a line , i will be more than happy to snatch a picture for you to post . cheers !
thanks for this list . btw a clarification - talakitok and maliputo are indeed the same species ( trevally ) but maliputo refers specifically to a trevally from taal lake and pansipit river . they were trapped there by an eruption of taal volcano and somehow adapted to living in fresh water , and they taste better than the marine trevally . : - )
gill rakers : typically , fish use their gill rakers to filter out debris from water as it passes over their gills while breathing . for mullet , they serve an additional purpose , allowing them to filter out things they want to eat . this includes algae , plankton , and various other vegetation .
the mullet grows to 32 . 5 centimetres ( 12 . 8 inches ) , but those being caught are now much smaller , weighing only 250 grams ( 8 . 9 ounces ) from as much as 2 . 5 kilograms ( 5 . 5 pounds ) a few years back , a sign fewer are reaching maturity .
mullet spawn in salt water . once hatched , the larvae make their way toward the coast and the juveniles settle in lower salinity water . they later school to freshwater estuaries where they grow to adults . in florida , adults begin to spawn in the early fall october through january , returning to deeper salt water to spawn , as they cannot spawn in freshwater .
i watched the documentary ( kmjs ) regarding this fish . it is very expensive , but their counts now in the wild is very few ( i believe only in the ph ) , because i saw a vlog in youtube , and a filipino man is fishing in the us using a cast net , and he catches an abundant count of mullet fish on every throw of cast net .
the mullet’s body is roughly torpedo - shaped with a round head and small mouth with inconspicuous teeth and a blunt nose . the lips are thin , with a bump at the tip of the lower lip . pectoral fins are short , not reaching the first dorsal fin . the origin of the second dorsal fin is posterior to the origin of the anal fin . the lateral line is not visible .
the body is grayish olive to grayish brown , with olive - green or bluish tints and sides fading to silvery white towards the belly . dark longitudinal lines are formed by dark spots at the center of each scale on the upper half of the body , and run the length of the body . young fish smaller than 6 inches ( 15 cm ) in length lack stripes . there is a large dark blotch at the base of the pectoral fin . the pigmentation in the iris is dispersed and brown , a character that also helps to distinguish it from white mullet .
the maximum recorded length of the striped mullet is 47 . 2 inches ( 120 cm ) , with a maximum weight of 17 . 6 pounds ( 8 kg ) . lifespan is reported to range somewhere between 4 and 16 years . maturity is attained at approximately 3 years of age , corresponding to lengths of 7 . 9 - 11 . 8 inches ( 20 - 30 cm ) . females mature at a slightly larger size than males . growth rates along the gulf coast of florida increase from west to east , from the panhandle along the peninsula , likely due to the temperature increase . most growth occurs during the spring and summer months . adults grow at a rate of 1 . 5 - 2 . 5 inches ( 3 . 8 - 6 . 4 cm ) per year . females are larger and grow faster than males of the same age .
greek , kestra = a kind of shark ; greek , kestros = sharpened , 1876 ( ref . 45335 )
marine ; freshwater ; brackish ; demersal ; catadromous ( ref . 97775 ) ; depth range 0 - 5 m ( ref . 86942 ) . tropical
asia : celebes , new caledonia , new hebrides , and fiji . also from okinawa , ryukyu islands ( ref . 96268 ) .
maturity : l m ? range ? - ? cm max length : 32 . 5 cm tl male / unsexed ; ( ref . 9812 ) ; common length : 20 . 0 cm tl male / unsexed ; ( ref . 9812 )
very little available data . possibly ascending some way up rivers . probably taken incidentally or as part of subsistence fisheries in rivers . oviparous , eggs are pelagic and non - adhesive ( ref . 205 ) .
harrison , i . j . and h . senou , 1997 . order mugiliformes . mugilidae . mullets . p . 2069 - 2108 . in k . e . carpenter and v . h . niem ( eds . ) fao species identification guide for fishery purposes . the living marine resources of the western central pacific . volume 4 . bony fishes part 2 ( mugilidae to carangidae ) . fao , rome . ( ref . 9812 )
phylogenetic diversity index ( ref . 82805 ) : pd 50 = 0 . 6250 [ uniqueness , from 0 . 5 = low to 2 . 0 = high ] .
bayesian length - weight : a = 0 . 01148 ( 0 . 00543 - 0 . 02429 ) , b = 2 . 97 ( 2 . 80 - 3 . 14 ) , in cm total length , based on lwr estimates for this ( sub ) family - body shape ( ref . 93245 ) .
trophic level ( ref . 69278 ) : 2 . 5 ±0 . 2 se ; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
resilience ( ref . 69278 ) : medium , minimum population doubling time 1 . 4 - 4 . 4 years ( preliminary k or fecundity . ) .
vulnerability ( ref . 59153 ) : low to moderate vulnerability ( 34 of 100 ) .
ludong are one of the few freshwater species in the philippines to have a strict fishing season . the months of october to january are when these fish migrate to spawn and fishing for these fish during those months is now illegal . this is most likely due to the reputation this fish has as being one of the best tasting and rarest freshwater fish . it is said that this was the former president ferdinan marcos favorite fish .
if you have caught ludong on hook and line send us your pictures and we will post them here .
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very little available data . possibly ascending some way up rivers . probably taken incidentally or as part of subsistence fisheries in rivers . oviparous , eggs are pelagic and non - adhesive ( ref . 205 ) .
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it is a threatened species and we have to do something about it before it goes extinct . if we don ' t stop the indiscriminate catching , in a short while , it could vanish ,
she told afp .
the fisheries bureau is calling for a five - year ban on the catching of cestraeus plicatilis , locally known as
ludong
or
banak
.
it is found in only a few countries , and in the philippines its habitat is limited to a few rivers in the north .
it sells for 5 , 000 pesos ( 114 dollars ) a kilogram , which only the wealthiest can afford , making it the most expensive fish in the philippines , ayson said .
but this also leads fishermen to catch it even during its spawning season , not leaving enough mature fish to breed , she said .
you cannot stop fishermen from catching it . it is too valuable . people even pay the fishermen in advance for their catch ,
she said .
marcos , a native of the northern philippines who ruled the country from 1965 to 1986 - - much of it under martial rule - - reputedly always had a year - long supply of the fish stocked away , ayson said .
a lot of people like the smell . it has a unique aroma and a special taste ,
she said , explaining the demand .
in captivity and educating the local populace on the need to keep it from dying out , ayson said .
sturgeon , the fish that produce black caviar , are at the brink of extinction , miami researchers reported thursday .
catch share programs result in more consistent and predictable fisheries but do not necessarily improve ecological conditions , according to a new study published online this week by the journal proceedings of the national . . .
human impacts on the environment have reduced populations of wild species to dangerously low levels . nowhere is this more apparent than in worldwide fisheries , where thanks to overfishing and habitat destruction , countless . . .
( ap ) - - the west coast groundfish fleet has struggled to stay afloat during major cutbacks to reverse long - standing problems with overfishing and to protect the seafloor from damage caused by bottom trawling gear .
global fisheries , a vital source of food and revenue throughout the world , contribute between us $ 225 - $ 240 billion per year to the worldwide economy , according to four new studies released today . researchers also concluded . . .
the co - evolution of plant—pathogen interactions has been revealed in unprecedented detail in a study of one of the world ' s deadliest crop killers . this is the rice blast pathogen , which destroys enough food to feed more . . .
using genome editing to inactivate a protein called pcsk9 effectively reduces cholesterol levels in rhesus macaques , a species of monkey , according to researchers from the perelman school of medicine at the university of . . .
fish that ' farm ' their own patches of seaweed alter their ' cropping ' practices under high co2 conditions , researchers at the university of adelaide in australia have found .
mucus is able to protect us from infection thanks to ancient genes that have been conserved throughout 350 million years of evolution—dating back to our days as a jellyfish .
by proving a theory that was first proposed almost 40 years ago , researchers have confirmed a new way that cells conserve energy .
our bodies consist of many different kinds of cells , each with their own role . the japanese scientist shinya yamanaka had made earlier the discovery , earning the nobel prize in 2012 , that cells from adult skin can be converted . . .
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bakoko - grunt ( e . g . pomadasys argenteus ) , seabream , sweet lips
bisugo - threadfin bream ( e . g . nemipterus japonicus ) , jobfish , goatfish
kabasi - gizzard shad ( e . g . nematalosa nasus , anodontostoma chacunda )
maya - maya / bambangin / pargo - snapper ( e . g . lutjanus malabaricus )
talakitok / maliputo - trevally / jack / cavalla ( e . g . caranx ignobilis )
alimasag - crab portunidae spp . ( e . g . blue swimmer crab , portunus pelagicus ) , coral crab ( charybdis feriatus )
halaan - clam ( e . g . manila clam / japanese carpet shell , ruditapes philippinarum )
swahe / suahe - endeavor prawn ( e . g . red endeavor prawn / greasy back shrimp , metapenaeus ensis )
. there are many varieties and kinds of fish . the country ' s tropical climate and coral reefs make its waters located near the center of the coral triangle among the richest in marine life anywhere providing a bounty of fresh philippine seafood and an assortment of tropical fish . according to some estimates 5 % of the world ' s reef area is in philippine waters and the marine fish in the area represent 20 % of the total marine fish in the world .
fishing is an important source of livelihood for many filipinos . in 1998 around 3 % of the country ' s labor force was involved in the philippine fishing industry which contributed to about 3 . 6 % of the gdp composition . commercial fishing operations produce most of the catch but a growing percentage comes from aquaculture / mariculture . an ordinary filipino consumes around 98 . 6 grams of fish or fish products a day making it the primary source of protein in the filipino diet . the philippines being a predominantly christian nation , fish are especially popular during lent .
the best time to buy fish is early in the morning . philippine fishing boats bring their catch to places like the navotas fish port complex ( the largest in the country ) while it is still dark . from there fish are distributed to local markets .
filipino fish names can get confusing very quickly . different names can be given to the same fish and a name can be applied to multiple fish—and that ' s just in the same dialect and region . given the various philippine languages and the disparate islands comprising the archipelago , custom and usage varies and contradictions frequently crop up . in metro manila , tagalog is the dominant language but because of the influx of people from the provinces , local names and regional names from other parts of the country like the visayas or ilocos or even other tagalog provinces with their own name variants are sometimes used in manila wet markets .
largely refer to the same species , but others make a distinction . according to one explanation ,
, narrower and rounder sardines . even though a source i ' m looking at says
is also used for these sardinella but it is a name probably most properly reserved for the philippine freshwater fish specie endemic to lake taal . sardines are popular fish for canning , smoking and drying .
and is also used for dried fish . the town of rosario , cavite previously called salinas ( derived from
) . the two species seem to interbreed and may be one and the same . ] then again some consider the
while others seem to consider them distinctly different fish . elsewhere in the philippines , members of the siganidae family can also be called
, both often referring to bluish - tinged tuna , are sometimes interchanged with one another or used to refer to tuna in general . but
is one name used for flounder but has also been seen to refer to mantis shrimp .
are popular premium fish choices . a philippine fish recipe that would work well with these fish is to cook them
. red tilapia , sometimes presented as
kingfish
, has also been observed in some fish and seafood restaurants . it ' s a possibly misleading fish since its red pigmentation may lead those unfamiliar with it to mistake it for
, but red tilapia is not as highly valued as either of those fish . red tilapia is a hybrid fish created by fish farmers . tilapia is an introduced species in the country grown in fish cages and fish ponds largely used in aquaculture because of its fast reproduction leading it to be called
chicken of the sea
.
is usually available somewhere in the menu . blue marlin also pops up with some frequency as does
. bacalao is a term taken from spanish that is used for cod . salmon although imported and more expensive has also become popular .
although the philippine fish identified on the main list are believed to be sold in markets one needs to take care with unfamiliar fish . one species may be safe while another in the same family may not be . even among those fish that are widely eaten some need to be prepared or handled a certain way prior to cooking and eating for them to be safe .
with symptoms similar to an allergic reaction is associated with tunas , mackerels , mahi - mahi , and marlin that have spoiled resulting in the release of histamines which are unaffected by cooking . there are also reports of
toxins are a danger related to harmful algal blooms . the philippine government issues red tide alerts from time to time to warn about the harvesting , buying , selling and eating of seafood from certain areas .
allen , g . r . ( 1985 ) . fao species catalogue – volume 6 snappers of the world – an annotated and illustrated catalogue of lutjanid species known to date . food and agriculture organization of the united nations .
baluyut , elvira . ( 1989 ) . a regional survey of the aquaculture sector in east asia – adcp / 88 / 31 . fao .
broad , genevieve . ( 2003 ) . fishes of the philippines – a guide to identification of families . anvil .
bureau of fisheries and aquatic resources . ( 2011 ) . fisheries administrative order no . 233 - 1 , series of 2011 , annex a – preliminary list of economically important aquatic organisms .
carpenter , kent e . and victor g . springer . ( 2005 ) . the center of the center of marine shorefish biodiversity : the philippine islands . environmental biology of fishes 72 : 467 - 480 .
dickson , jonathan o . ( 2001 ) . shrimp trawl fisheries in the philippines . in fishery technology service . tropical shrimp fisheries and their impact on living resources , fao fisheries circular no . 974 .
doyo , maria ceres p . ( june 9 , 2011 ) . ' maliputo , ' ' tawilis ' and poisoned waters . philippine daily inquirer .
food and agriculture organization of the united nations ( fao ) . fishery and aquaculture country profiles
ganaden , s . r . and f . lavapie - gonzales . ( 1999 ) . common and local names of marine fishes of the philippines . manila : bureau of fisheries and aquatic resources , fisheries resources evaluation and environment services division .
determining the consumption behavior of fresh fish demand in the philippines . bureau of agricultural research research and development diges t .
hernando , aniceto m . jr . and efren ed . c . flores . ( january 1981 ) . the philippines squid fishery : a review . in w . hobart ( ed . ) , marine fisheries review , vol . 43 , no . 1 . seattle : national marine fisheries service , national oceanic and atmospheric administration ( noaa ) .
herre , albert w . c . t . and agustin f . umali . ( 1948 ) . english and local common names of philippine fishes , u . s . department of the interior , fish and wildlife service , circular no . 14 . washington d . c . : u . s . government printing office .
jereb p . and c . f . e . roper . ( eds . ) . ( 2011 ) . cephalopods of the world – an annotated and illustrated catalogue of cephalopod species known to date – volume 2 – myopsid and oegopsid squids . rome : fao .
motoh , hiroshi and kuronuma , k . ( 1980 ) . field guide for the edible crustacea of the philippines . iloilo , philippines : aquaculture department , southeast asian fisheries development center .
national statistical coordination board . ( c . 2003 ) . philippine economic - environmental and natural resources accounting – fishery resources – the philippine marine fishery resources .
rome , b . , s . j . newman , g . jackson , and j . norriss . ( may 2010 ) . gascoyne wetline fish identification field guide . department of fisheries , government of western australia .
seafood services australia . ( october 14 , 2005 ) . australian fish names list .
santos , frank f . ( n . d . ) . mudcrab industry profile . bfar .
seafood shopping guide . ( 2006 ) . seafood choices . national museum of marine biology and museum , taiwan .
search aquaculture fact sheets – cultured aquatic species . ( n . d . ) fao .
species – common recreational saltwater . department of primary industries , new south wales , australia .
excellent blog ! thank you very much for sharing on this wonderful information with us . alaskan fish species
this is great ! very comprehensive . will share in my foodie page urltoken thanks !
thanks for this blog . more power to you . two thumbs up : d
unfortunately i ' m not skilled enough to identify it especially given the lack of color in the picture . some fish can be trickier to identify because they change pigmentation during different times in their life cycle . for example some species of snapper have very pronounced stripes when young but lose them almost completely and turn red when older . also please note that most of the fish listed , although not all , are those commonly seen in wet markets . there may be many ornamental fish that are not covered by this list . anyway good luck identifying the fish !
according to fishbase yes coral trout appears to be a common name in malaysia to refer to grouper .
would very much appreciate if you could identify the fish that were sold at wet market . they called it salmon , but i really doubt it ' s a salmon . thanks
thanks for this list and your excellent scholarship , this has been very helpful .
check out also the new aani weekend market in arca south , caliraya drive taguig city , metro manila .
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pinoys , by nature , are very social people . such is reflected through strong family ties and friendships that are kept alive since their y . . .
prepared by : chef reggie torres chef reggie torres has a long and distinguished career in the culinary arts industry . he h . . .
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< p > the annotation score provides a heuristic measure of the annotation content of a uniprotkb entry or proteome . this score < strong > cannot < / strong > be used as a measure of the accuracy of the annotation as we cannot define the ‘correct annotation’ for any given protein . < p > < a href = ' / help / annotation _ score ' target = ' _ top ' > more . . . < / a > < / p >
< p > this indicates the type of evidence that supports the existence of the protein . note that the ‘protein existence’ evidence does not give information on the accuracy or correctness of the sequence ( s ) displayed . < p > < a href = ' / help / protein _ existence ' target = ' _ top ' > more . . . < / a > < / p >
< p > this section provides any useful information about the protein , mostly biological knowledge . < p > < a href = ' / help / function _ section ' target = ' _ top ' > more . . . < / a > < / p >
< p > the < a href =
urltoken
> gene ontology ( go ) < / a > project provides a set of hierarchical controlled vocabulary split into 3 categories : < p > < a href = ' / help / gene _ ontology ' target = ' _ top ' > more . . . < / a > < / p >
< p > this section provides information about the protein and gene name ( s ) and synonym ( s ) and about the organism that is the source of the protein sequence . < p > < a href = ' / help / names _ and _ taxonomy _ section ' target = ' _ top ' > more . . . < / a > < / p >
< p > this subsection of the < a href =
urltoken
> names and taxonomy < / a > section provides an exhaustive list of all names of the protein , from commonly used to obsolete , to allow unambiguous identification of a protein . < p > < a href = ' / help / protein _ names ' target = ' _ top ' > more . . . < / a > < / p >
< p > information which has been imported from another database using automatic procedures . < / p > < p > < a href =
/ manual / evidences # eco : 0000313
> more . . . < / a > < / p >
< p > this subsection of the < a href =
urltoken
> names and taxonomy < / a > section indicates the name ( s ) of the gene ( s ) that code for the protein sequence ( s ) described in the entry . four distinct tokens exist : ‘name’ , ‘synonyms’ , ‘ordered locus names’ and ‘orf names’ . < p > < a href = ' / help / gene _ name ' target = ' _ top ' > more . . . < / a > < / p >
< p > this subsection of the < a href =
urltoken
> names and taxonomy < / a > section provides information on the name ( s ) of the organism that is the source of the protein sequence . < p > < a href = ' / help / organism - name ' target = ' _ top ' > more . . . < / a > < / p >
< p > this subsection of the < a href =
urltoken
> names and taxonomy < / a > section shows the unique identifier assigned by the ncbi to the source organism of the protein . this is known as the ‘taxonomic identifier’ or ‘taxid’ . < p > < a href = ' / help / taxonomic _ identifier ' target = ' _ top ' > more . . . < / a > < / p >
< p > this subsection of the < a href =
urltoken
> names and taxonomy < / a > section contains the taxonomic hierarchical classification lineage of the source organism . it lists the nodes as they appear top - down in the taxonomic tree , with the more general grouping listed first . < p > < a href = ' / help / taxonomic _ lineage ' target = ' _ top ' > more . . . < / a > < / p >
< p > this section provides information on sequence similarities with other proteins and the domain ( s ) present in a protein . < p > < a href = ' / help / family _ and _ domains _ section ' target = ' _ top ' > more . . . < / a > < / p >
< p > this subsection of the < a href =
urltoken
> family and domains < / a > section describes the position and type of a domain , which is defined as a specific combination of secondary structures organized into a characteristic three - dimensional structure or fold . < p > < a href = ' / help / domain ' target = ' _ top ' > more . . . < / a > < / p >
< p > information which has been generated by the uniprotkb automatic annotation system , without manual validation . < / p > < p > < a href =
/ manual / evidences # eco : 0000259
> more . . . < / a > < / p >
< p > this section displays by default the canonical protein sequence and upon request all isoforms described in the entry . it also includes information pertinent to the sequence ( s ) , including < a href =
urltoken
> length < / a > and < a href =
urltoken
> molecular weight < / a > . < p > < a href = ' / help / sequences _ section ' target = ' _ top ' > more . . . < / a > < / p >
< p > this subsection of the < a href =
urltoken
> sequence < / a > section indicates if the < a href =
urltoken
> canonical sequence < / a > displayed by default in the entry is complete or not . < p > < a href = ' / help / sequence _ status ' target = ' _ top ' > more . . . < / a > < / p >
< p > the checksum is a form of redundancy check that is calculated from the sequence . it is useful for tracking sequence updates . < / p > < p > it should be noted that while , in theory , two different sequences could have the same checksum value , the likelihood that this would happen is extremely low . < / p > < p > however uniprotkb may contain entries with identical sequences in case of multiple genes ( paralogs ) . < / p > < p > the checksum is computed as the sequence 64 - bit cyclic redundancy check value ( crc64 ) using the generator polynomial : x < sup > 64 < / sup > + x < sup > 4 < / sup > + x < sup > 3 < / sup > + x + 1 . the algorithm is described in the iso 3309 standard . < / p > < p class =
publication
> press w . h . , flannery b . p . , teukolsky s . a . and vetterling w . t . < br / > < strong > cyclic redundancy and other checksums < / strong > < br / > < a href =
urltoken
> numerical recipes in c 2nd ed . , pp896 - 902 , cambridge university press ( 1993 ) < / a > ) < / p >
< p > this subsection of the ‘sequence’ section is used for sequence fragments to indicate that the residue at the extremity of the sequence is not the actual terminal residue in the complete protein sequence . < p > < a href = ' / help / non _ ter ' target = ' _ top ' > more . . . < / a > < / p >
< p > this section provides links to proteins that are similar to the protein sequence ( s ) described in this entry at different levels of sequence identity thresholds ( 100 % , 90 % and 50 % ) based on their membership in uniprot reference clusters ( < a href =
urltoken
> uniref < / a > ) . < p > < a href = ' / help / similar _ proteins _ section ' target = ' _ top ' > more . . . < / a > < / p >
< p > this section is used to point to information related to entries and found in data collections other than uniprotkb . < p > < a href = ' / help / cross _ references _ section ' target = ' _ top ' > more . . . < / a > < / p >
< p > this section provides general information on the entry . < p > < a href = ' / help / entry _ information _ section ' target = ' _ top ' > more . . . < / a > < / p >
< p > this subsection of the ‘entry information’ section provides a mnemonic identifier for a uniprotkb entry , but it is not a stable identifier . each reviewed entry is assigned a unique entry name upon integration into uniprotkb / swiss - prot . < p > < a href = ' / help / entry _ name ' target = ' _ top ' > more . . . < / a > < / p >
< p > this subsection of the ‘entry information’ section provides one or more accession number ( s ) . these are stable identifiers and should be used to cite uniprotkb entries . upon integration into uniprotkb , each entry is assigned a unique accession number , which is called ‘primary ( citable ) accession number’ . < p > < a href = ' / help / accession _ numbers ' target = ' _ top ' > more . . . < / a > < / p >
< p > this subsection of the ‘entry information’ section shows the date of integration of the entry into uniprotkb , the date of the last sequence update and the date of the last annotation modification ( ‘last modified’ ) . the version number for both the entry and the < a href =
urltoken
> canonical sequence < / a > are also displayed . < p > < a href = ' / help / entry _ history ' target = ' _ top ' > more . . . < / a > < / p >
< p > this subsection of the ‘entry information’ section indicates whether the entry has been manually annotated and reviewed by uniprotkb curators or not , in other words , if the entry belongs to the swiss - prot section of uniprotkb ( < strong > reviewed < / strong > ) or to the computer - annotated trembl section ( < strong > unreviewed < / strong > ) . < p > < a href = ' / help / entry _ status ' target = ' _ top ' > more . . . < / a > < / p >
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max length : 32 . 5 cm tl male / unsexed ; ( ref . 9812 ) ; common length : 20 . 0 cm tl male / unsexed ; ( ref . 9812 )
marine ; freshwater ; brackish ; demersal ; catadromous ( ref . 97775 ) ; depth range 0 - 5 m ( ref . 86942 )
pd 50 = 0 . 6250 many relatives ( e . g . carps ) 0 . 5 - 2 . 0 few relatives ( e . g . lungfishes )
medium , minimum population doubling time 1 . 4 - 4 . 4 years ( preliminary k or fecundity . )
eyes : two bulbous eyes on stalks sit either side of the rostrum . these are compound eyes which have panoramic vision and are very good at detecting movement .
chela : the first two pairs of pereiopods have claws or chela . the chela can grasp food items and bring them to the mouth . they can also be used for fighting and grooming .
nearly every student in a business or psychology degree program is exposed to maslow’s hierarchy of needs , represented by this graphic . the bottom tier is universal to every human . as one moves up the pyramid , the needs become less urgent , less universal .
what one eats becomes part of their culture : rebecca looks at a plate of pinakbet , with lots of stinky bagoong the same way that i look at a dish of hush puppies or chicago pizza . each is part of our respective culture .
the mystique surrounding the ludong is centered around its’ reputation as being “fit for a president’s meal” ( part of the lore surrounding the fish is that marcos demanded it frequently for important dinners as an indigenous cuisine . remember , marcos was from ilocos , and probably grew up eating the fish ) . the fish itself is very difficult to catch , and is virtually never caught in any significant quantity . it is currently the most expensive fish in the philippines , currently selling at a market price of p4 , 000 to p5 , 000 per kilogram . the remoteness of the cagayan valley also contributes to its’ scarcity , as the fish spoils rapidly , given the tropical heat and difficulty transporting it to market . like anything else , supply and demand drive the price . since ludong forms part of the cultural heritage of the cagayan valley , the demand is there . however , high market prices and the scarcity of the fish encourage illegal fishing or overfishing .
rebecca’s remembers that ludong season was part of the family’s annual rituals : a tradition that has nearly disappeared . ludong was always regarded as a delicacy in the cagayan valley , normally a celebration or special ingredient , given the difficulty of catching the fish . it is normally prepared in sinigang as the main ingredient , with aubergines and tamarind , or roasted with calamansi in banana leaves ( wrapped as a parcel ) , or as the main ingredient in a variation of pinakbet , with aubergines , calabaza ( sometimes the flowers ) , and bagoong .
the denr now regulates the fishing of ludong , prohibiting it during the spawning migration . however , the fines for violations are miniscule ( only p200 ) , which is not much disincentive when compared with the high market prices the fish commands . unfortunately , there is often very little way to distinguish catching a fish for subsistence or for cultural identity and catching a fish for profit . this is the same issue that governments have struggled with in other locations in the world , such as seal or whale hunting by inuits in canada . the need for conservation must take priority , yet fulfilling that need means that yet another tiny part of the culture becomes lost forever .
john miele is a citizen of the world , having spent time in many locations around the globe . currently , he finds himself in manila , but travels throughout the philippines . john joined the live in the philippines web magazine in mid - 2008 .
the obvious fish related cultural difference that i tease marie about is the consumption of beautiful tropical fish . we have a large aquarium on one of the terraces that is the home of goggle eyed goldfish . on the dinner plate there are beautiful tropical fish . so i tease her about eating the gwapo fish and admiring the panget fish . that and the fish head eating .
tom : rebecca’s favorite dish is curried fish head… it seems that the head is the choicest piece for true conniseurs .
i am of the opinion that the taste acquired from childhood is a powerful remembrance of one’s native home , and will always prevail over other considerations for the rest of that person’s life . how true the adage that you can take the filipino out of his country , but you can never take the filipino - ness in him . the filipino’s “want” , for tuyo , for example , maybe attributed to his longing for home as much as satisfying a gnawing craving , however far away from home and lofty his status may have become this want is a cultural manifestation ingrained so deep in almost
hudson : from what i understand , the breeding cycle has proven to be what is complicating things .
interesting article , john . i have never heard of ludong until now . i wonder why they are having a hard time raising / farming ludong . i would think if they can farm salmon , they can find a way to raise and farm ludong .
miss august : they haven’t had much success…so far . though the fish are similar , duplicating what happens in nature is pretty difficult .
hi john – brilliant read and so much food for thought ( no pun intended ) . yes it’s easy to sit in an ivory tower and pontificate about what to do and not to do when money is no object . but when one falls to the ground and survival is the main object in life viewpoints surely change . yes maslow did feature when i did my post graduate degree in human resource management and development . if all could differentiate been needs and wants life would be much simpler for all . regards . jim .
jim ; totally agree with you… i’ve found that with most issues , very seldom is everything totally black or white . it is sad what has happened , but it is hard to find fault with a fisherman who is merely trying to feed his family .
alex : rebecca and her family love it… they said it is a question of aroma more than taste , per se .
it seems to me that if a group of people really wanted to preserve their cultural tradition with respect to the consumption of ludong , it should have learned long ago how to strike a balance between subsistence and conservation . apparently in this case , the people realized too late that they are their own enemy . but , as is always the case , man tends to be wasteful , or is lacking in discipline , when there is a perceived abundance of a resource . perhaps it’s time to bring in japanese expertise on the farming of this endangered species .
ricardo : that is far too simplistic and only looks from one angle . if you say that it is ignorance only from the side of the fishermen , what about those who demand the fish in the market and drive up the prices ? you see the same effect on fish species all over the world… look at how many species are decimated by consumer demand for frozen fish sticks .
john , i agree that it is a shared blame all around ; however , what is done is done , and the clock can never be turned back . but in order to reverse the loss and to have some success at regeneration , i think the denr has to mete out a more serious penalty than its current p200 for anyone breaking the moratorium , don’t you think ?


orthocomotis shuara is a species of moth of the tortricidae family .

it is found in morona-santiago province , ecuador .

the wingspan is 20 mm .

the ground colour of the forewings is cream , suffused with pale brownish orange and brownish .

the hindwings are dark brown .

orthocomotis shuara

1 . 3 suara 2 . acaricuara 3 . aerenicopsis irumuara 4 . agouara 5 . aguara 6 . aiquara 7 . alfaguara 8 . anjumani - shuara 9 . anjumani shuara 10 . aquara 11 . araraquara 12 . arboretum la alfaguara 13 . ash shuara 14 . atta capiguara 15 . azuara 16 . bahuara 17 . bergquara 18 . brunei and muara 19 . caayguara 20 . chabab houara 21 . dahouara 22 . de tomaso guara 23 . enrique octavio trejo azuara 24 . evacuara 25 . fouara
the ecuadoran species of the neotropical genus orthocomotis dognin , 1905 are listed and the new distributional data are included . of 25 species treated 18 are described as new ( orthocomotis sachatamiae sp . n . , o . parexpansa sp . n . , o . lactistrigata sp . n . , o . ferruginea sp . n . , o . yanayacu sp . n . , o . albobasalis sp . n . , o . andina sp . n . , o . carolina sp . n . , o . puyoana sp . n . , o . golondrina sp . n . , o . gielisi sp . n . , o . pactoana sp . n . , o . cosangana sp . n . , o . mediana sp . n . , o . sucumbiana sp . n . , o . volochilesia sp . n . , o . shuara sp . n . , o . alshiana sp . n . ) . orthocomotis domonoana razowski & pelz , 2003 n . stat . originally described as subspecies of o . euchaldera clarke 1956 is raised to full specific rank . some general data on the genus are provided .
acta zoologica cracoviensia for several years was published as two series : a–vertebrata , and b–invertebrata . from 2012 on it is continued under its former title– without separate series . the journal includes original contributions on systematics , phylogeny , biogeography , ecology and paleontology of terrestrial and fresh - water animals worldwide . all papers are subject to peer reviews . click here to see current issues of this journal .
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release of signal peptides from bacterial membrane prolipoproteins including murein prolipoprotein . hydrolyses - xaa - yaa - zaa - / - ( s , diacylglyceryl ) cys - , in which xaa is hydrophobic ( preferably leu ) , and yaa ( ala or ser ) and zaa ( gly or ala ) have small , neutral sidechains
acinetobacter baumannii ( strain atcc 17978 / cip 53 . 77 / lmg 1025 / ncdc kc755 / 5377 ) ( a3m0s2 )
acinetobacter baumannii ( strain atcc 19606 / dsm 30007 / cip 70 . 34 / jcm 6841 / nbrc 109757 / ncimb 12457 / nctc 12156 / 81 ) ( d0ce11 )
acinetobacter baumannii ( strain atcc 19606 / dsm 30007 / cip 70 . 34 / jcm 6841 / nbrc 109757 / ncimb 12457 / nctc 12156 / 81 ) ( d0cf39 )
acinetobacter lwoffii nctc 5866 = cip 64 . 10 = niph 512 ( v2q418 )
acinetobacter lwoffii nctc 5866 = cip 64 . 10 = niph 512 ( n9fru8 )
actinoplanes missouriensis ( strain atcc 14538 / dsm 43046 / cbs 188 . 64 / jcm 3121 / ncimb 12654 / nbrc 102363 / 431 ) ( i0h167 )
actinoplanes sp . ( strain atcc 31044 / cbs 674 . 73 / se50 / 110 ) ( g8sba0 )
alcanivorax dieselolei ( strain dsm 16502 / cgmcc 1 . 3690 / b - 5 ) ( k0cef1 )
campylobacter jejuni subsp . doylei ( strain atcc baa - 1458 / rm4099 / 269 . 97 ) ( a7h513 )
deinococcus gobiensis ( strain dsm 21396 / jcm 16679 / cgmcc 1 . 7299 / i - 0 ) ( h8h3b1 )
deinococcus gobiensis ( strain dsm 21396 / jcm 16679 / cgmcc 1 . 7299 / i - 0 ) ( h8gv60 )
deinococcus gobiensis ( strain dsm 21396 / jcm 16679 / cgmcc 1 . 7299 / i - 0 ) ( h8h393 )
ethanoligenens harbinense ( strain dsm 18485 / jcm 12961 / cgmcc 1 . 5033 / yuan - 3 ) ( e6u2i0 )
lactobacillus plantarum subsp . plantarum atcc 14917 = jcm 1149 = cgmcc 1 . 2437 ( d7v9h2 )
leptospira terpstrae serovar hualin str . lt 11 - 33 = atcc 700639 ( n1vnm5 )
micromonospora aurantiaca ( strain atcc 27029 / dsm 43813 / bcrc 12538 / cbs 129 . 76 / jcm 10878 / nbrc 16125 / nrrl b - 16091 / ina 9442 ) ( d9t669 )
nostoc sp . ( strain pcc 7120 / sag 25 . 82 / utex 2576 ) ( q8yni8 )
pelagibacterium halotolerans ( strain dsm 22347 / jcm 15775 / cgmcc 1 . 7692 / b2 ) ( g4rd12 )
pelagibacterium halotolerans ( strain dsm 22347 / jcm 15775 / cgmcc 1 . 7692 / b2 ) ( g4rb03 )
polymorphum gilvum ( strain lmg 25793 / cgmcc 1 . 9160 / sl003b - 26a1 ) ( f2j033 )
pseudomonas stutzeri ( strain dsm 4166 / cmt . 9 . a ) ( f2my93 )
rahnella aquatilis ( strain atcc 33071 / dsm 4594 / jcm 1683 / nbrc 105701 / ncimb 13365 / cip 78 . 65 ) ( h2irv4 )
rhodobacter sphaeroides ( strain atcc 17023 / 2 . 4 . 1 / ncib 8253 / dsm 158 ) ( q3iyu9 )
rhodobacter sphaeroides ( strain atcc 17025 / ath 2 . 4 . 3 ) ( a4wwq1 )
rhodobacter sphaeroides ( strain atcc 17029 / ath 2 . 4 . 9 ) ( a3pne8 )
rhodomicrobium vannielii ( strain atcc 17100 / ath 3 . 1 . 1 / dsm 162 / lmg 4299 ) ( e3hyw4 )
rhodospirillum rubrum ( strain atcc 11170 / ath 1 . 1 . 1 / dsm 467 / lmg 4362 / ncib 8255 / s1 ) ( q2rq33 )
salmonella enterica subsp . arizonae serovar 18 : z4 , z23 : - str . cvm n6509 ( a0a1m3yaa5 )
salmonella enterica subsp . arizonae serovar 62 : z36 : - str . rks2983 ( a0a089gbf5 )
salmonella enterica subsp . arizonae serovar 63 : g , z51 : - str . so 20 / 20 ( a0a0v2ei23 )
salmonella enterica subsp . enterica serovar adelaide str . a4 - 669 ( g5l3q7 )
salmonella enterica subsp . enterica serovar alachua str . r6 - 377 ( g5lik5 )
salmonella enterica subsp . enterica serovar give str . s5 - 487 ( g5md16 )
salmonella enterica subsp . enterica serovar inverness str . r8 - 3668 ( g5n794 )
salmonella enterica subsp . enterica serovar minnesota str . a4 - 603 ( g5p2x6 )
salmonella enterica subsp . enterica serovar mississippi str . a4 - 633 ( g5phs2 )
salmonella enterica subsp . enterica serovar montevideo str . 609458 - 2 ( a0a1c2zw20 )
salmonella enterica subsp . enterica serovar montevideo str . s5 - 403 ( g5pxp1 )
salmonella enterica subsp . enterica serovar rubislaw str . a4 - 653 ( g5qd13 )
salmonella enterica subsp . enterica serovar senftenberg str . a4 - 543 ( g5qu90 )
salmonella enterica subsp . enterica serovar tennessee str . txsc _ txsc08 - 19 ( x2kej6 )
salmonella enterica subsp . enterica serovar uganda str . r8 - 3404 ( g5ra02 )
salmonella enterica subsp . enterica serovar urbana str . r8 - 2977 ( g5rpz4 )
salmonella enterica subsp . enterica serovar wandsworth str . a4 - 580 ( g5s5s7 )
salmonella enterica subsp . indica serovar 6 , 14 , 25 : z10 : 1 , ( 2 ) , 7 str . 1121 ( v1hzl4 )
salmonella enterica subsp . salamae serovar 56 : z10 : e , n , x str . 1369 - 73 ( a0a0v2dex4 )
spirochaeta thermophila ( strain atcc 49972 / dsm 6192 / ri 19 . b1 ) ( e0rr95 )
streptomyces venezuelae ( strain atcc 10712 / cbs 650 . 69 / dsm 40230 / jcm 4526 / nbrc 13096 / pd 04745 ) ( f2ri33 )
thermobispora bispora ( strain atcc 19993 / dsm 43833 / cbs 139 . 67 / jcm 10125 / nbrc 14880 / r51 ) ( d6y9z4 )
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26 . guara 27 . gurduara 28 . hanguara 29 . houara 30 . huara 31 . iraquara 32 . itaguara 33 . itaquara 34 . jaguaquara 35 . jeriquara 36 . jessica houara 37 . juara 38 . kaouara 39 . kuara 40 . libyan minesweeper zuara 41 . lobo - guara 42 . lobo guara 43 . luara 44 . mamuara 45 . masaguara 46 . menguara 47 . movimiento nacionalista tacuara 48 . muara 49 . nambicuara 50 . nambikuara
51 . nery mantey niangkouara 52 . nhambicuara 53 . nhambiquara 54 . nuara 55 . orba squara 56 . ouara 57 . pacahuara 58 . paranaiguara 59 . patrick tuara 60 . piraquara 61 . potiguara 62 . prasenjit duara 63 . proton juara 64 . quara 65 . san pedro de curahuara 66 . shattuara 67 . sierra de guara 68 . sierra de la alfaguara 69 . stizocera jassuara 70 . suara 71 . subprefecture of jabaquara 72 . tacuara 73 . taiguara 74 . tapire - iauara 75 . tapire iauara
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pseudohermenias abietana is a species of moth of the tortricidae family .

it is found from fennoscandia and northern russia to the pyrenees , sardinia and italy and from france to romania .

the wingspan is 14 – 18 mm .

adults are on wing from may to july in one generation per year .

the larvae feed on abies alba and picea abies species .

they mine the needles of their host plant .

current year 's needles are mined out from a silken tube attached to a twig .

most frass is ejected into the tube .

older larvae vacate the mine and live freely , feeding among spun needles .

the larvae are brownish with a shining black head .

the species overwinters in the larval stage .

pseudohermenias abietana

figure 1 . type material of the tortricidae described by fabricius . a : pyralis abbreviana , b : p . abietana , c : p . abildgaardana , d : p . boscana , e : p . laterana , f : p . lundana , g : p . m i x t a n a , h : p . pflugiana , i : tinea compositella , j : p . daldorfana , k : p . schumacherana , l : p . ro b o r a n a , m : p . bipunctana , n : p . trapezana , o : p . reticulana , p : p . asperana , q : p . isertana , r : p . rivellana , s : p . dorsana , t : p . strigana . scale bars = 5 mm .
blå punkter visar fynd registrerade i artportalen och övriga databaser anslutna till lifewatch . kan innehålla observationer som inte är validerade . kartan uppdateras var fjärde vecka .
i det avancerade verktyget kan man söka ut och få fram artlistor , t ex arter i ett visst län , i en viss biotop , substrat , som påverkas av en hotfaktor , eller som är knutna till en sk värdart , t ex trädet alm . dessa kan även kombineras .
söka fram arter som är rödlistade , knutna till alm , är beroende av död ved och som finns i kronobergs län .
söka fram arter som är rödlistade , lever i småvatten och som påverkas negativt av igenväxning .
defaultläget i verktyget är arter som är rödlistade 2015 och dessa är klassade på samtliga sökfaktorer . under fliken rödlistekategori kan man dock välja att även inkludera arter som inte är rödlistade . om man väljer att inkludera icke rödlistade arter behöver man vara medveten om att samtliga arter inte är klassade på samtliga faktorer . nedan en sammanställning av vad som är komplett .
denna funktion används när du vill skapa din egen lista av arter att hantera . du kan t . ex . navigera mellan arterna i listan genom att klicka på deras namn . du kan också välja att använda knappen ”jämför arter” för att se bilder , kartor och kännetecken i en jämförelsevy .
du kan komponera ditt eget urval av arter genom att klicka dig fram via släktträdet och där välja arter eller artgrupper till din lista . ett annat sätt att göra ditt urval är att använda fliken ”filtrera” , där du kan söka på olika egenskaper . ovanför listan med sökresultatet finns en knapp ”lägg i mitt urval” .
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european union funding : for a one - year period ( 2017 - 12 - 16 to 2018 - 12 - 15 ) , eppo has been awarded an eu grant for the further development of the eppo code system ( agreement nb : sante / 2017 / gs / eppo / s12 . 768842 ) . the eu commission is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information from this project subsequently included in the eppo global database .
baixeras , joaquín & karsholt , ole , 2011 , the tortricidae described by j . c . fabricius ( lepidoptera ) , zootaxa 3127 , pp . 1 - 37 : 3
type locality . sweden ( “habitat in suecia abiete dom . de paykull” ) .
) ( karsholt and nielsen 1976 ) . remarks . the lectotype was designated by karsholt and nielsen ( 1976 ) .
no known copyright restrictions apply . see agosti , d . , egloff , w . , 2009 . taxonomic information exchange and copyright : the plazi approach . bmc research notes 2009 , 2 : 53 for further explanation .