the scaly-tailed possum or the ilangnalya ( wyulda squamicaudata ) is found in northwestern australia .

it is restricted to the kimberley region in western australia .

as it is monotypic in its genus , it is sometimes known simply by its genus — the wyulda .

the scaly-tailed possum is a member of the family phalangeridae , which means that it is related to cuscuses and brushtail possums .

it is a solitary nocturnal forager that feeds on leaves , flowers and fruit .

the possum has a limited range and is found in high rainfall coastal regions of the north kimberley between yampi sound and kalumburu , as well as further inland in the east kimberley at emma gorge .

populations also inhabit bigge island and boongaree island .

the preferred habitat of this animal is sandstone based woodlands where it can shelter in rock piles and fissures and feed in the trees .

scaly - tailed possum

the scaly - tailed possum was once considered endangered but is now less threatened .
( scaly - tailed possum ) is found only in the kimberley region of northwestern australia . scaly - tailed possums are taxonomically placed in the family
the scaly - tailed possum is known to breed in the dry season . the recorded litter size is one . information on the reproductive behavior of the scaly - tailed possum is limited .
the scaly - tailed possum is restricted to the kimberly division in the north of western australia .
information on the scaly - tailed possum is currently being researched and written and will appear here shortly .
the enigmatic and poorly understood scaly - tailed possum ( wyulda squamicaudata ) was last seen in 1917 .
help scientists continue their reseach in the kimberley on the scaly - tailed possum and other rare animals .
“this left either the scaly - tailed possum or the rock ringtail , and the amount of hair on the base of the tail , easily seen in the photos , confirmed it was the scaly - tailed possum . ”
a scaly - tailed possum caught on a camera trap in awc’s artesian range . ( c ) australian wildlife conservancy ,
the scaly - tailed possum inhabits areas with trees and rocks in the broken sandstone country of savannah woodlands in hot tropics .
one of the trapping sites . if i were a scaly - tailed possum i would live here ( c ) jack ashby
runcie , m . 1999 . movements , dens and feeding behavior of the tropical scaly - tailed possum ( wyulda squamicaudata ) .
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scaly - tailed possums tend to live solitarily on home ranges of approximately one hectare . individual home ranges often overlap .
the diet mainly consists of fruits , blossoms , and leaves of eucalyptus , terminalia , etc . the scaly - tailed possum has also been known to feed on insects and small vertebrates .
scaly - tailed possum ( wyulda squamicaudata ) specimens were found at el questro station in the east kimberley . the researchers suggest the finding also represents the first discovery of the species in eastern kimberley .
originally looking for the northern quoll ( dasyurus hallucatus ) , a species at high risk from the cane toad invasion , the team were surprised to see the rare scaly - tailed possum in the resulting images .
osborne mj , christidis l ( 2002 ) molecular relationships of the cuscuses , brushtail and scaly - tailed possums ( phalangerinae ) . aust j zool 50 : 135–149
as its name implies , its distinguishing feature is a hairless , scaly tail .
trapping densities suggest that scaly - tailed possums prefer low , open woodlands and vine thickets . they are nocturnal and rely heavily on rock piles for shelter during the day .
little to nothing is known about parental investment in scaly - tailed possums . however , equal participation of both parents in parental investment has been observed in other phalangerid species like
scaly - tailed possums have no easily definable , direct , or large - scale impact on humans . their remote habitat and rarity make this a difficult topic to research .
the pelage of the scaly - tailed possum is short , fine , and dense . the general dorsal color is pale or dark ashy gray while the underside color is white . a dark stripe , which may be obscure or distinct , runs along the mid - dorsal line from the shoulders to the rump . the scaly - tailed possum has a prehensile tail that is densely furred at the base and has nonoverlapping , thick scales for the remainder of its length . the head is short and wide with short ears . the claws are short and not strongly curved .
doody , sean j . ; david rhind c , christina m . castellano b and michael bass ( 2012 ) .
rediscovery of the scaly - tailed possum ( wyulda squamicaudata ) in the eastern kimberley
. australian mammalogy 34 ( 2 ) : 260–262 . doi : 10 . 1071 / am11039 .
in general , there is little information about scaly - tailed possum behavior . they are herbivorous , feeding primarily on the leaves of various trees and shrub species . when these phalangerids feed , individuals climb out to the outermost branches of trees and use their forelimbs to pluck leaves . scaly - tailed possums achieve stability by gripping sturdy branches with their prehensile tails . they are also proficient at moving around in tree canopies and have been recorded making branch - to - branch leaps of up to one meter .
november 2012 was a good trip – we found golden back tree rats in a couple of spots ( in the tree above our tents , it turned out ) , monjons and kimberley rock rats . this was amazing , but not the dream scaly tailed possum ( or golden bandicoots ) . i’d have to go back .
genetic analysis has confirmed that although the population is isolated , it is the same species as the west kimberley possum .
little to no data is available on which animals act as primary predators of scaly - tailed possums . it is likely , however , that feral cats , large birds of prey , and large snakes may be important predators .
as “data deficient” with a declining population trend . according to the department of environment and conservation western australia , more data must be gathered concerning the conservation status of scaly - tailed possums before they can be declared a threatened species .
once again , the holy grail evaded me – rock rats were everywhere , and we had some exciting encounters with more common species like an echidna , quolls and ningbings , but the scaly - tailed possum stayed out of reach . frustratingly , a week or so after we left one of the january sites , a possum wandered through one of the camera traps we left set in the forests . obviously i’m pleased the species is there , but i can’t help feeling that nature is cruel .
runcie , m . 2000 . biparental care and obligate monogamy in the rock - haunting possum , petropseudes dahli , from tropical australia .
the finding has also extended the habitat range of the possum by some 300 to 400 kilometres from known populations in the west kimberley .
. artesian range is in one of the least accessible parts of australia , requiring a combination of propeller - plane , serious 4wd and helicopter to get to . as amazing as it was to see these species on the screen , i instantly knew i had to go and see them in the flesh . for me , the scaly - tailed possum had become the holy grail .
notable – children ' s book council of australia a traditional dreamtime story that features the scaly - tailed possum only found in a remote part of the kimberley region of australia’s north west and the echidna , one of australia’s most unusual mammals . illustrated with paintings on silk , the story also tells of the wandjina , the creator and great spirit of the wunambal people of the kimberley .
i got the call to join two trips to the area ( in november 2012 and january 2014 ) to trap sites on possible dispersal routes out of the artesian hotspot , to see how far their ranges extend . i went to each trip with extremely high hopes , but a sleep - depriving fear that they might be too far from the centre to find the scaly - tailed possum .
of course , you can’t prove absence , but trips like this have helped determine that the artesian range’s special species seem not to venture too far . now that the inventory of neighbouring properties is drawing to a close i’ll have to get myself onto one of the trips back to the heart of this amazing , extinction - free oasis , and finally set eyes on that scaly - tailed possum .
because so few scaly - tailed possums have ever been captured , vlittle is known about their longevity or population age - structures . however , studies done on other phalangerid species have produced life expectancy statistics of 17 years for females and 12 years for males .
and are the only member of their genus . little is known about this species due to their overall secretive behavior combined with the rugged nature of their habitat . scaly - tailed possums are considered the least well understood of all phalangerids , with only 54 confirmed scientific captures .
the scaly - tailed possum is assessed as near threatened because its area of occupancy may be < 2 , 000 km 2 and may be declining , but not at a rate of 30 % in 12 years ( three generations ) . recent records are from a small number of location . survey effort of the remote area where it occurs has been insufficient to estimate the actual number of locations , but this is probably > 10 .
little is known about the effects that scaly - tailed possums have on the ecosystems they inhabit . because they have different foraging and habitat related behaviors than other closely related phalangerids , it is difficult to assess how similar their effects on the ecosystem are to those of other possums .
wemmer , c . , l . collins . 1978 . communication patterns in two phalangerid marsupials , the gray cuscus ( phalanger gymnotis ) and the brush possum ( trichosurus vulpecula ) .
scaly - tailed possums are small - to - medium sized marsupials weighing an average of 1500 grams . they have relatively small ears and a total body length averaging 415 mm for males and 375 mm for females . all individuals have gray dorsal surfaces and white ventral surfaces with naked paws and noses . many individuals also have a black stripe running down the center of their back . as their name implies , scaly - tailed possums have rough tails which are covered in scales . these tails , averaging 290 mm in length , are hairless and prehensile which enables these possums to maintain firm grips on tree branches when they forage . this type of tail is unique to
barnett , j . , r . how , w . humphreys . 1982 . habitat effects on organ weights , longevity and reproduction in the mountain brushtail possum , trichosurus caninus ( ogilby ) .
taylor , a . , p . cowan , b . fricke , d . cooper . 2000 . genetic analysis of the mating system of the common brushtail possum ( trichosaurus vulpecula ) in the new zealand farmland .
kreigenhofer , b . 2011 . exploring social interactions and olfactory communication in the common brushtail possum : implications for management : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of master of science in “conservation biology” .
it seems that artesian range is the only place in mainland australia not to have suffered any mammal extinctions since european colonisation . a community of amazing endemics has clung on – scaly - tailed possums , golden - backed tree rats , monjons , golden bandicoots and kimberley rock rats . when i was analyzing those camera trap images in 2011 i was a couple of hundred kilometres south of artesian , on awc northwest’s main home sanctuary ,
the scaly - tailed possum occurs in rugged sandstones with adjacent open woodland or closed forest , sometimes with rainforest elements . it forages mainly in trees but may venture into open areas to feed on flowers , fruits , seeds and leaves . in captivity it also eats nuts and insects . it shelters in rock piles , under rock slabs and in underground crevices . females give birth mainly in the dry season between march and august , although breeding may extend later in the dry season . a single juvenile is carried in the pouch for 150 - 200 days and is weaned after eight months . females are sexually mature at two years ( humphreys et al . 1984 ; runcie 1999 ; burbidge and webb 2008 ) .
, although there is some debate over phalangerid relationships . brush - tailed possums establish dominance hierarchies in which dominant males and females are most likely to breed with one another . in brush - tailed possums , these hierarchies are often matriarchal in structure , with females dominant to males . breeding pairs might spend up to 40 days courting before they mate . scent marking and vocalizations are used to avoid direct aggression between co - dominant individuals . it is possible that these or similar behaviors take place in
there is no robust estimate of population size . it is locally common at some sites in the north - west kimberley and on bigge island ; but is apparently uncommon in the east kimberley . a 2003 survey demonstrated persistence in prince regent national park and at mitchell plateau ( start et al . 2007 ) . recent surveys ( 2011 , 2012 ) by the australian wildlife conservancy have recorded scaly - tailed possums as locally common in the artesian range south of the prince regent ( sarah legge pers . comm . ) . it has been recently recorded on augustus island via camera trapping .
national parks within its range are managed by the department of parks and wildlife . aboriginal lands , most of which are indigenous protected areas , are managed by the wunambal gaambera aboriginal corporation and the dambimangari aboriginal corporation . artesian range sanctuary is managed by the australian wildlife conservancy . emma gorge is within the el questro pastoral lease . there is regional fire management in the western parts of its range , intensive management of fire at artesian range , and regional fire management immediately to the east of the main distribution through the ecofire project . a research project on scaly - tailed possums at artesian range ( australian wildlife conservancy / university of tasmania ) began in late 2012 , aimed at describing the impacts of fire patterns and feral cats on their ecology and survival .
we would like to thank the following people and institutions for providing samples or assisting with sample collection : christina castellano , simon clulow , rosie honin , colin mchenry , david pearson , ian radford , western australia department of environment and conservation , australian wildlife conservancy , western australian museum , south australian museum and australian museum . paleo - climate data were generously provided by jeremy vanderwal . we are also grateful to craig moritz for helpful comments on the manuscript . this research was supported by funding from the chadwick fellowship ( australian museum ) , australian geographic society and monash university .
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i thought you might be interested in this item at urltoken title : mammal species of the world : a taxonomic and geographic reference author : don e wilson ; deeann m reeder publisher : baltimore : johns hopkins university press , ©2005 . isbn / issn : 0801882214 9780801882210 0801882389 9780801882388 0801882397 9780801882395 oclc : 57557352
wilson and reeder ' s mammal species of the world is the classic reference book on the taxonomic classification and distribution of the more than 5400 species of mammals that exist today . the third edition includes detailed information on nomenclature and , for the first time , common names . each concise entry covers type locality , distribution , synonyms , and major reference sources . the systematic arrangement of
information indicates evolutionary relationships at both the ordinal and the family level . this indispensable reference work belongs in public and academic libraries throughout the world and on the shelf of every biologist who works with mammals .
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this indispensable reference work belongs in public and academic libraries throughout the world and on the shelf of every biologist who works with mammals .
a uniquely valuable compendium of taxonomic and distributional data on the world ' s living and historically extinct mammalian species . contributors and editors alike deserve the thanks of all
mammalogists for helping to forge the nomenclatural mesh that holds our science together . * journal of mammalogy * to refer to this work as a checklist undervalues it and does not give sufficient credit to the authors and editors for their meticulous efforts in its production . a valuable reference work and a vital tool , particularly for researchers . * journal of natural history * by far the most convenient source for finding the correct scientific name of any mammal and should be on the reference shelf of libraries striving to have useful science sections . * science books and films * the editors and authors are to be congratulated for undertaking such an outstanding and authoritative work , and it should serve as a standard reference for mammalian species taxonomy for many years to come . * journal of mammalian evolution * the third edition adds to its reputation as an outstanding and authorative work . * national museum of natural history weekly update & forecast * impressive and elegant work . - - g . r . seamons * reference reviews * a must - have text for any professional mammalogist , and a useful and authoritative reference for scientists and students in other disciplines . * southeastern naturalist * a magnificent work important to anyone seriously interested in mammals . this work is essential for academic or special libraries supporting zoology or conservation and for large public libraries . * american reference books annual * as were many of our colleagues , we were waiting for this revised edition since 2003 . . . we can say that the wait was worth it . - - sergio solari and robert j . baker * journal of mammalogy *
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wilson and reeder ' s mammal species of the world is the classic reference book on the taxonomic classification and distribution of the more than 5400 species of mammals that exist today . the third edition includes detailed information on nomenclature and , for the first time , common names . each concise entry covers type locality , distribution , synonyms , and major reference sources . the systematic arrangement of information indicates evolutionary relationships at both the ordinal and the family level . this indispensable reference work belongs in public and academic libraries throughout the world and on the shelf of every biologist who works with mammals .
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thank you for taking the time to provide feedback on the iucn red list of threatened species website , we are grateful for your input .
major threats are inappropriate fire regimes ( too frequent , extensive and hot ) and predation by feral cats . information on the effects of these threats is limited .
to make use of this information , please check the < terms of use > .
little is known about the mating system of this species . however , substantial research has been done on other phalangerid species . one such highly researched species is the
females produce only one offspring per year , between march and august . young are weaned within eight months and females and males become sexually mature at two years and 18 months , respectively .
) . as in all mammals , females invest heavily in offspring through gestation and lactation .
few intra - specific interactions have ever been witnessed . phalangerids as a group , however , are known to signal one another both chemically and with physical behaviors such as tail slapping to warn of nearby predators . like other mammals , they likely have a keen sense of smell .
hudson berkhouse ( author ) , texas a & m university , jessica light ( editor ) , texas a & m university , tanya dewey ( editor ) , university of michigan - ann arbor .
living in australia , new zealand , tasmania , new guinea and associated islands .
having body symmetry such that the animal can be divided in one plane into two mirror - image halves . animals with bilateral symmetry have dorsal and ventral sides , as well as anterior and posterior ends . synapomorphy of the bilateria .
animals that use metabolically generated heat to regulate body temperature independently of ambient temperature . endothermy is a synapomorphy of the mammalia , although it may have arisen in a ( now extinct ) synapsid ancestor ; the fossil record does not distinguish these possibilities . convergent in birds .
forest biomes are dominated by trees , otherwise forest biomes can vary widely in amount of precipitation and seasonality .
offspring are produced in more than one group ( litters , clutches , etc . ) and across multiple seasons ( or other periods hospitable to reproduction ) . iteroparous animals must , by definition , survive over multiple seasons ( or periodic condition changes ) .
the area in which the animal is naturally found , the region in which it is endemic .
the kind of polygamy in which a female pairs with several males , each of which also pairs with several different females .
the region of the earth that surrounds the equator , from 23 . 5 degrees north to 23 . 5 degrees south .
reproduction in which fertilization and development take place within the female body and the developing embryo derives nourishment from the female .
heinsohn , t . 2000 . short communication : predation by the white - breasted sea eagle haliaeetus leucogaster on phalangerid possums in new ireland , papua new guinea .
humphreys , w . , r . how , a . bradley , c . kemper , d . kitchener . 1984 . the biology of wyulda squamicaudata , alexander 1919 .
mcknight , m . 2008 .
wyulda squamicaudata
( on - line ) . iucn redlist . accessed october 01 , 2015 at urltoken .
potter , s . , d . rosauer , j . doody , m . webb , m . eldridge . 2014 . persistence of a potentially rare mammalian genus ( wyulda ) provides evidence for areas of evolutionary refugia within the kimberley , australia . .
to cite this page : berkhouse , h . 2015 .
wyulda squamicaudata
( on - line ) , animal diversity web . accessed july 09 , 2018 at urltoken
disclaimer : the animal diversity web is an educational resource written largely by and for college students . adw doesn ' t cover all species in the world , nor does it include all the latest scientific information about organisms we describe . though we edit our accounts for accuracy , we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts . while adw staff and contributors provide references to books and websites that we believe are reputable , we cannot necessarily endorse the contents of references beyond our control .
this material is based upon work supported by the national science foundation grants drl 0089283 , drl 0628151 , due 0633095 , drl 0918590 , and due 1122742 . additional support has come from the marisla foundation , um college of literature , science , and the arts , museum of zoology , and information and technology services .
classified as data deficient ( dd ) on the iucn red list ( 1 ) .
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apart from the type specimen , which came from violet valley in the east kimberley , all records are from the high rainfall , near - coastal north - west kimberley of western australia ( burbidge and webb 2008 ) . it has not been recorded in east kimberley since 1917 and is thought to be extinct from here . it is also found on bigge and boongaree islands ( a . burbidge pers . comm . ) .
it is found in low open woodland , using four different types of rock formations for dens during the day ( it is highly dependent on these rock formations ) : rockpiles , sunken rockpiles , large rock slabs , and underground rock crevices ( runcie 1999 ) . at night , it feeds on four species of trees ( xanthostemon eucalyptoides , x . paradoxus , eucalyptus sp . , and planchonia careya ) ( runcie 1999 ) . one young is born between march and august ( runcie 1999 ) .
observations : not much is known about the longevity of these animals . it has been argued that they live over 6 years ( bernhard grzimek 1990 ) , but more detailed studies are lacking .
lamoreux , j . & hilton - taylor , c . ( global mammal assessment team )
listed as data deficient in view of the absence of recent information on its threats and conservation status . there is concern that its habitat quality is declining and the degree to which introduced cats pose a threat is unknown .
there have not been many surveys within its range , and there are only isolated records . the species is sparsely and patchily distributed ( runcie 1999 ) . runcie ( 1999 ) found a density of 2 . 3 - 4 . 6 possums per hectare , which is nearly five times higher than that estimated by humphreys et al . ( 1984 ) . however , the study by runcie ( 1999 ) was limited to one small area , and the results may not apply elsewhere ( a . burbidge pers . comm . ) .
there are no data on threats , but this species is probably adversely affected by changed fire regimes and predation by introduced cats . on the mitchell plateau , proposed mining activity could affect this species .
this species is occurs in prince regent nature reserve . recommended actions ( maxwell et al . 1996 ) for this species include : monitor abundance at selected sites throughout range , including the islands ; conduct research aimed at understanding the biology , ecology , conservation status , and requirements . there needs to be research on fire ecology .
groves , c . p . ( 2005 ) . wilson , d . e . ; reeder , d . m , eds . mammal species of the world ( 3rd ed . ) . baltimore : johns hopkins university press . p . 50 . oclc 62265494 . isbn 0 - 801 - 88221 - 4 .
mcknight , m . ( 2008 ) . wyulda squamicaudata . in : iucn 2008 . iucn red list of threatened species . retrieved 28 december 2008 . database entry includes justification for why this species is data deficient
menkhorst , peter ( 2001 ) . a field guide to the mammals of australia . oxford university press . p . 84 .
potter , sally ; dan rosauer ; j . sean doody ; myfanwy j . webb ; mark d . b . eldridge ( 2014 ) .
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kari pihlaviita added the finnish common name
suomuhäntäkusu
to
wyulda squamicaudata alexander , 1918
.
an endemic mammal has been rediscovered in the eastern kimberley , almost a century after its last recorded sighting .
now a cane toad research team from monash university have rediscovered it in the east kimberley .
during an ongoing study of the impacts of cane toad invasion on native fauna in wa , the team set up remote camera traps at el questro station .
“i was stunned , i’m familiar with the mammal fauna of northern australia , and knew that there were no brushtail possums with bare tails , ” dr doody says .
three of the cameras set up at emma gorge produced 20 photographs of at least four individual possums in 1 , 037 trap days .
the cameras were within 400 metres of each other on both sides of the gorge and close to the tourist trail . possums were exclusively nocturnal .
there have been concerns that the first record in 1917 was an error , if so , this represents the first discovery of the species in the eastern kimberley .
dr doody says the species may have remained elusive due to two main factors .
“it’s a nocturnal mammal occupying steep escarpments dissected by gorges , and there are not enough biologists surveying the kimberley , ” he says .
the work has helped fill the knowledge gap about the mammals in tropical australia and the study has been published in csiro ' s australian mammalogy .
the population at emma gorge currently receives protection from its location in the el questro wilderness park .
dr doody says the area will become federal property in 2015 , which should secure this important population .
less than a year after a life - threatening accident , steve plain began his journey to climb the world’s seven summits .
this month we celebrate an event 50 years ago in western new south wales that changed the course of australian history : the discovery of mungo woman .
photographer james dorey offers advice on capturing the perfect shot of our native bees .
with a hefty body , a massive wingspan , and a loud , low - pitched buzz , the tropical carpenter bee can be a pretty intimidating sight .
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over the past few years i have been spending my spare time in a remote area of the kimberley , on the northwest corner of australia , helping a conservation ngo – the australian wildlife conservancy ( awc ) – to do ecological fieldwork . awc are australia’s largest private owner of land for conservation , and their mission is to manage it based on scientific research . in the northwest their big long - term projects involve determining the effects of cattle and different fire management practices on tropical savannah ecosystems . and in my most recent two trips i’ve been lucky enough to be involved in the detection of super - scarce species in extremely remote pockets of rainforest and monsoonal woodland .
a few years ago awc acquired an amazing patch of the kimberley called artesian range – monsoonal savannah criss - crossed with sandstone ranges , gorges of vine - thickets and rainforest pockets . i remember going through the first set of remote camera trap images that came back from artestian in 2011 and being amazed at the species that were being detected .
soon after , the awc northwest ecologists ventured into artesian range for live trapping and found a number of clustered locations that these species , the “artesian specials” were found . having proved that they weren’t all extinct in this region , the next question was to determine the how far their ranges extended . if artesian range was a “sink” for the exciting mammal species , then inventories of the species in the areas that they could feasibly disperse into had to happen , on to other parts of the awc property as well as neighbouring government crown land and cattle stations .
these two times of year are actually quite challenging to work in – november’s season is known as the “build up” – the hottest and most humid time of the year , before the monsoon hits . in order to avoid the 40 + °c heat and the 80 - 95 % humidity , we would check our mammal traps between about 4am and 8 . 30am , and then sit in a cave or a pond we could be reasonably confident lacked saltwater crocodiles all day until we could venture out to reset the traps in the evening .
every four or five days the helicopter would come and drop us in a site that had the characteristic sandstone gorges with boulder fields , rainforest and vine - thicket pockets . we hauled our equipment over creeks and rock features ( rarely through creeks as saltwater crocs were everywhere : standing by camp on one of the sites one night – on a major tidal river – i counted seven between me and the far bank ) to see what species we could find . we laid traps and cameras , and spent the nights searching by spotlight .
january 2014 gave me a taste of the wet season in full swing . it’s an incredible time of swollen rivers , suddenly appearing waterfalls and six hour long thunder storms where lightning flashes more than once a second . the amazing things that the water did to the gorge - ridden landscape made it impossible to resent the inch of water in my tent .


the vadigo , campogramma glaycos ( also known as the big-toothed pompano , zippered pompano , lexa and lexola ) , is a species of medium sized coastal marine fish in the jack family , carangidae .

the species is distributed throughout the eastern atlantic ocean from the british isles in the north to senegal in the south , also entering the western mediterranean sea .

the vadigo is similar in form to both the leatherjacks and the queenfish , but can be distinguished by its scaleless chest and a broad , rounded upper jaw .

it is a predatory fish , preying mostly on smaller schooling fishes .

the species was initially classified under the genus centronotus before being transferred to its own monotypic genus of campogramma .

the vadigo is of minor commercial importance throughout its range , and is also considered to be a game fish .

vadigo

christy the mermaid , inspired by the tench , vadigo , and beautiful redheads found in good ol ' ireland . ( by autumn angel art ) | art - mystique | pinterest | ange…
scientific synonyms and common names campogramma glaycos lacepède , 1801 synonyms : campogramma vadigo risso , 1810 centronotus glaycos lacepède , 1801 , hist . nat . poiss . , 1798 - 1803 , 3 : 315 ( ' mers du danemark ' and ' méditerranée ' ) . centronotus vadigo ( nec lacepède , 1801 ) : risso , 1810 , ichthyol . nice : 196 ( ' nice ' ) ( cf . code , art . 49 ) . lichia vadigo : valenciennes , in cuv . val . , 1828 - 1849 , 1832 , 8 : 363 moreau , 1881 - 1891 , 1881 , 2 : 459 de buen , 1926 : 103 bertin , 1929c : 163 dieuzeide et al . , 1953 - 1955 , 1954 : 231 furnestin et al . , 1958 : 445 . campogramma vadigo : regan , 1903c : 350 de buen , 1935 : 104 , fig . 52 albuquerque , 1954 - 1956 : 664 tortonese , 1955 : 192 , fig . 3 ; 1961 : 357 wheeler , 1963 : 537 bini , 1967 - 1972 , 1968 , 5 : 73 , col . fig . caesiomorus vadigo : lozano rey , 1952 : 629 , pl . 50 ( fig . 1 ) . campogramma lirio dollfus , 1955 , fichier ichthyol . maroc atlant . : 48 , 145 . campogramma glaycos : wheeler , 1969 : 330 , fig . 108 . common names : liche lirio [ fr ] liche vadigo [ fr ] lirio [ es ] vadigo [ en ]
, under the food and agriculture organization ( fao ) common name
vadigo
are reported from the following two fao fishing areas : eastern central atlantic ( eca ) , mediterranean and black sea . only about 1 % of these landings originate in the mediterranean and black sea fishing zone , and these are declared by morocco .
dulčić , j . , marceta , b . , žiža , v . , pallaoro , a . and lipej , l . 2003 . northern extension of the range of the vadigo campogramma glaycos ( pisces : carangidae ) from the adriatic sea . journal of the marine biological association of the uk 83 ( 2003 ) : 877 - 878 .
feeding peculiarities of mass pelagic ichtyophagous fish from the canary upwelling waters and frontal zones of mauritania have been investigated : vadigo campogramma glaycos , false scad caranx rhonchus , bluefish pomatomus saltatrix , atlantic bonito sarda sarda , west african spanish mackerel scomberomorus tritor , large - eyed hairtail trichiurus lepturus and pompano trachinotus ovatus . these species feed on epipelagic fish living or forming temporary agglomerations at the depths up to 200–250 m from the surface .
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disclaimer : itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available , and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties . however , it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes . while every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and up - to - date information available , ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in provisions of treaties to which the united states is a party , wildlife statutes , regulations , and any applicable notices that have been published in the federal register . for further information on u . s . legal requirements with respect to protected taxa , please contact the u . s . fish and wildlife service .
greek , kampe , - es = curvature , bent + greek , gramma = mark , signal , letter ( ref . 45335 )
marine ; benthopelagic ; depth range 15 - 30 m ( ref . 7097 ) . subtropical ; 56°n - 12°n , 26°w - 27°e
eastern atlantic : british isles to senegal including madeira and the canary islands . also western mediterranean sea .
maturity : l m ? range ? - ? cm max length : 60 . 0 cm fl male / unsexed ; ( ref . 3397 ) ; common length : 58 . 0 cm tl male / unsexed ; ( ref . 3397 ) ; max . published weight : 2 . 8 kg ( ref . 27584 )
caught with bottom and pelagic trawls . adults are pelagic or epibenthic ( ref . 7097 ) mostly in shallow waters . they feed mainly on schooling fishes ( ref . 4233 ) . eggs are pelagic ( ref . 4233 ) .
smith - vaniz , w . f . , 1986 . carangidae . p . 815 - 844 . in p . j . p . whitehead , m . - l . bauchot , j . - c . hureau , j . nielsen and e . tortonese ( eds . ) fishes of the north - eastern atlantic and the mediterranean . unesco , paris . vol . 2 . ( ref . 4233 )
) : 10 . 3 - 20 . 7 , mean 16 . 1 ( based on 88 cells ) .
phylogenetic diversity index ( ref . 82805 ) : pd 50 = 1 . 0000 [ uniqueness , from 0 . 5 = low to 2 . 0 = high ] .
bayesian length - weight : a = 0 . 01413 ( 0 . 00616 - 0 . 03241 ) , b = 2 . 94 ( 2 . 74 - 3 . 14 ) , in cm total length , based on lwr estimates for this ( sub ) family - body shape ( ref . 93245 ) .
trophic level ( ref . 69278 ) : 4 . 5 ±0 . 80 se ; based on food items .
resilience ( ref . 69278 ) : medium , minimum population doubling time 1 . 4 - 4 . 4 years ( preliminary k or fecundity . ) .
vulnerability ( ref . 59153 ) : moderate vulnerability ( 44 of 100 ) .
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carpenter , k . e . , camara , k . , smith - vaniz , w . f . , djiman , r . , sagna , a . , nunoo , f . , sidibé , a , de morais , l . , sylla , m . , lindeman , k . & montiero , v .
this species is mostly found in eastern atlantic but it is also found in the western mediterranean sea . in the eastern central atlantic it is considered relatively common . it is caught in artisanal fisheries but there is no current indication of decline . it is listed as least concern .
this species is mostly found in eastern atlantic , from the british isles to senegal including madeira and the canary islands . it is also found in the western mediterranean sea ( smith - vaniz 1986 ) . smith - vaniz ( in press ) states this species is rarely found north of the bay of biscay .
albania ; algeria ; belgium ; croatia ; france ; gambia ; germany ; greece ; italy ( italy ( mainland ) , sardegna , sicilia ) ; libya ; malta ; mauritania ; morocco ; portugal ( madeira ) ; senegal ; spain ( canary is . , spain ( mainland ) , spanish north african territories ) ; tunisia ; united kingdom ( great britain ) ; western sahara
based on the cecaf south working ( fao cecaf 2009 ) , which covers guinea bissau to angola , catch landings for carangidae species from 1994 - 2008 show an increase up to 20 , 000 in 2001 and are stable until 2008 , when they drop to 12 , 000 metric tons , but not all countries are reporting ( fao cecaf 2009 ) . based on eastern central african country reported landings to fao for carangids not elsewhere included , landings peaked between 1970 to 1980 , averaging around 24 , 000 metric tonnes per year , and then in 1980 fell to an average of 18 , 000 metric tonnes per year , fluctuating between 16 , 000 and 18 , 000 per year and remaining relatively stable since .
adults are pelagic or epibenthic , mostly in shallow waters ( 15 to 30 m ) . the diet consists primarily of schooling fishes . it occurs in coastal waters throughout its range .
maximum size is unknown but it attains at least 60 cm fork length ( smith - vaniz in press ) .
the maximum size in senegal is 50 cm and this species is typically seen in mauritania during the dry season from mid - december to may .
this species is of minor commercial importance and is often utilized as a gamefish . this species is caught with bottom and pelagic trawls . it is utilized fresh , frozen , dried - salted and for fish meal and oil (
there are no major threats known for this species and there are no indications at present time of regional declines from harvesting .
carpenter , k . e . , camara , k . , smith - vaniz , w . f . , djiman , r . , sagna , a . , nunoo , f . , sidibé , a , de morais , l . , sylla , m . , lindeman , k . & montiero , v . 2015 .
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off the british isles . elsewhere , off morocco to senegal , including the canaries .
albuquerque , r . m . 1954 - 1956 . peixes de portugal e ilhas adjacentes . chavas para a sua determinação . port . acta biol . , ser . b , 5 : xvi + 1167 pp . , 445 fig .
bertin , l . 1929c . poissons rares capturés en rade de toulon et au cap sicié . bull . soc . zool . fr . , 54 : pp . 158 - 165 .
bini , g . 1967 - 1972 . atlante dei pesci delle coste italiane . mondo sommerso , milano , 9 vol : i , 1967 , leptocardi , ciclostomi , selaci , 206 pp . , 66 fig . + 64 col . fig . ii , 1971 , osteitti ( acipenseriformi , clupeiformi , mictofiformi , anguilliformi ) , 300 pp . , 73 col . fig . iii , 1970 , notacantiformi . . . zeiformi , 229 pp . , 34 fig . + 63 col . fig . iv , 1968 , perciformi ( mugiloidei , percoidei ) , 163 pp . , 34 fig . + 49 col . fig . v , 1968 , perciformi ( percoidei ) , 175 pp . , 22 fig . + 56 col . fig . vi , 1968 , perciformi ( trichiuroidei . . . blennioidei ) , 177 pp . , 48 fig + 57 col . fig . vii , 1969 , perciformi ( ofidioidei . . . dactilopteroidei ) , 196 pp . , 57 fig . + 59 col . fig . viii , 1968 , pleuronettiformi , echeniformi , gobioesociformi , tetraodontiformi , lofiformi , 164 pp . , 34 + 63 fig . ix , 1972 , introduzione . parte generale . aggiornamenti . indici . 176 p .
buen , f . de 1926 . catalogo ictiologico del mediterraneo español y de marruecos , recopilando lo publicado sobre peces de las costas mediterraneas y proximas del atlantico ( mar de españa ) . resultados camp . int . inst . esp . oceanopr . , 2 : pp . 1 - 221 , map .
buen , f . de 1935 . fauna ictiologica . catalogo de los peces ibericos : de la planicie continental , aguas dulces , pelagicos y de los abismos proximos . primera parte . notas resúm . inst . esp . oceanogr . , ser . ii , ( 88 ) : pp . 1 - 89 , pl . i - xx ( fig . 1 - 40 ) . secunda parte . ibid . , ser . ii , ( 89 ) : pp . 91 - 149 , pl . xxiliii ( fig . 40 - 115 ) .
chaine , j . 1957 . recherches sur les otolithes des poissons . . . bull . cent . étud . rech . scient . biarritz , 1 ( 4 ) : pp . 465 - 557 , 7 pl .
dieuzeide , r . ; novella , m . ( collab . j . roland ) , 1953 - 1955 . catalogue des poissons des côtes algériennes . bull . stn aquic . pêch . castiglione , i ( n . s . ) , ( 4 ) , 1952 [ 1953 ] : pp . 1 - 135 , 73 fig . n . num . ; ii ( n . s . ) , ( 5 ) , 1953 [ 1954 ] : pp . 1 - 258 , 135 fig . n . num . ; iii ( n . s . ) , ( 6 ) , 1954 [ 1955 ] : pp . 1 - 384 , 202 fig . n . num .
dollfus , r . ph . 1955 . première contribution à l ' établissement d ' un fichier ichthyologique du maroc atlantique de tanger à l ' embouchure de l ' oued dra . trav . inst . scient . chérif . , zool , ( 6 ) : 227 pp . , 1 map .
furnestin , j . ; dardignac , j . ; maurin , c . ; coupé , a . ; boutière , h . 1958 . données nouvelles sur les poissons du maroc atlantique . revue trav . inst . ( scient . tech . ) pêch . marit . , paris , 22 ( 4 ) : pp . 379 - 493 , 1 pp . errata , 75 fig .
lozano y rey , l . 1952 . peces fisoclistos , subserie toracicos . mems r . acad . cienc . exact . fis . nat . madr . , ser . : cien . nat . , primate parte , 14 : pp . xv + 1 - 378 , fig . 1 - 20 , pl . i - xxx ; segunda parte , 14 : pp . 379 - 705 , fig . 21 - 31 , pl . xxi - li .
moreau , e . 1881 - 1891 . histoire naturelle des poissons de la france , paris , i , 1881 : pp . i - vii + 1 - 480 , fig . 1 - 82 ; ii , 1881 : pp . 1 - 572 , fig . 83 - 145 ; iii , 1881 : pp . 1 - 697 , fig . 146 - 220 ; suppl . , 1891 : pp . 1 - 144 , fig . 221 - 227 .
regan , c . t . 1903c . on the genus lichia of cuvier . ann . mag . nat . hist . , ( 7 ) 12 : pp . 348 - 350 .
risso , a . 1810 . ichthyologie de nice , ou histoire naturelle des poissons du département des alpes maritimes . paris , xxxvi + 388 pp . , 11 pl . ( reprint , 1966 , asher , amsterdam . )
tortonese , e . 1955a . note interno ai carangidi del mediterraneo . archo oceanogr . limnol . , 10 ( 3 ) : pp . 185 - 195 , 3 fig .
wheeler , a . 1963 . the nomenclature of the european fishes of the subfamily trachinotinae . ann . mag . nat . hist . , 1962 [ 1963 ] ( 13 ) 5 : pp . 529 - 540 .
wheeler , a . 1969 . the fishes of the british isles and north - west europe . macmillan , london , melbourne and toronto : pp . i - xvii + 1 - 163 , 5 + 177 fig . , 392 fig . ( princ . sp . ) , 92 n . num . fig . , 16 pl . , maps .
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froese , r . & d . pauly ( editors ) . ( 2018 ) . fishbase . world wide web electronic publication . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
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english turkish online dictionary tureng , where you can search in more than 2 million words in categories and different pronunciation options .
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urn : lsid : catalogueoflife . org : taxon : 322c1faa - 4e2c - 11e8 - 9ed0 - fa163e792e6e : col20180626
urn : lsid : catalogueoflife . org : taxon : 322c42d7 - 4e2c - 11e8 - 9ed0 - fa163e792e6e : col20180626
urn : lsid : catalogueoflife . org : taxon : 3234f3f4 - 4e2c - 11e8 - 9ed0 - fa163e792e6e : col20180626
urn : lsid : catalogueoflife . org : taxon : 324adce3 - 4e2c - 11e8 - 9ed0 - fa163e792e6e : col20180626
urn : lsid : catalogueoflife . org : taxon : 3437d097 - 4e2c - 11e8 - 9ed0 - fa163e792e6e : col20180626
group expert : smith - vaniz , w . , 19 - may - 2014
froese r . & pauly d . ( eds ) . ( 2018 ) . fishbase ( version feb 2018 ) . in : roskov y . , abucay l . , orrell t . , nicolson d . , bailly n . , kirk p . m . , bourgoin t . , dewalt r . e . , decock w . , de wever a . , nieukerken e . van , zarucchi j . , penev l . , eds . ( 2018 ) . species 2000 & itis catalogue of life , 30th june 2018 . digital resource at urltoken species 2000 : naturalis , leiden , the netherlands . issn 2405 - 8858 .
urn : lsid : catalogueoflife . org : taxon : 7ba05384 - 4e2c - 11e8 - 9ed0 - fa163e792e6e : col20180626
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the moroccan national fisheries information system aims at adopting a standard list of common names for fishery products . thus , the goal of this study is to provide a means structuring vernacular names , which , although in wide use , are highly variable and do not necessarily meet trade requisites . the 138 species considered in this study have 691 vernacular names - an average of five names per species . large disparities in the number of vernacular names were found between species and among the 16 study sites . much of this variability is due to pronunciation and syllable adjunction , which do not affect the root name structure . pronunciation aside , for the most part the analysed variability in vernacular names of fishes is of linguistic origin stemming from four geographic - and thus cultural - groups . the iberian names , preponderant in the eastern moroccan mediterranean , decreased southward in favour of arabic , amazigh and french . according to these results , the adoption of a unique standard , if even possible , might encounter resistance to dissemination by the fishermen and local populations . the adoption of two names lists , one for the moroccan mediterranean and one for the moroccan atlantic , may be a good compromise . most efforts at standardisation should then be invested at fish markets in order to integrate fish identification and labelling processes prior to selling .
indiseas ( indicators for the seas ) is a scientific program endorsed by ioc / unesco . it aims to evaluate the effects of fishing on the health status of marine ecosystems , using a panel of biodiversit…
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we investigated 16 fishing sites in order to gather local fish names . a total of 691 vernacular names were assigned to the 138 species considered . regarding the number of names , a great part of variability was of linguistic origin , and the patterns disclosed showed four groups of sites . names of spanish origin were predominant at the national level , and their proportion decreased southward for . . . [ show full abstract ]
the saharan bank ( 21–26°n ) is a wide subtropical continental shelf and a highly productive upwelling ecosystem . the bottom communities are dominated by octopus and sparid fish , which are the main targets of bottom - trawl fishing fleets . to investigate resource partitioning within the bottom fish community , adult fish from 14 of the most abundant species were investigated for stomach content . . . [ show full abstract ]
investigation of a subtidal fish community in a south - western mediterranean settlement area of moroc . . .
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) : 10 . 3 - 20 . 7 , mean 16 . 1 ( based on 88 cells ) . phylogenetic diversity index ( ref .
bayesian length - weight : a = 0 . 01413 ( 0 . 00616 - 0 . 03241 ) , b = 2 . 94 ( 2 . 74 - 3 . 14 ) , in cm total length , based on lwr estimates for this ( sub ) family - body shape ( ref .
) : 4 . 5 ±0 . 80 se ; based on food items .
) : medium , minimum population doubling time 1 . 4 - 4 . 4 years ( preliminary k or fecundity . ) .
justification : european regional assessment : lc campogramma glaycos is found in eastern atlantic , from the british isles south to senegal including the mediterranean , madeira and the canary islands . it is found at depths ranging from 15 – 30 metres . although it is sometimes found in local fish markets , it appears to be relatively rare in the northeast atlantic , mediterranean , and black sea assessment region . there is a paucity of basic biological information available for this species . it is of minor commercial importance in the mediterranean , where it can be found in some local markets . this species appears to be associated with upwelling zones , and , like many carangids , is likely taken as bycatch in industrial , semi - industrial and / or artisanal fisheries in the eastern central atlantic fishing zone . there are no species - specific conservation measures in place for c . glaycos . campogramma glaycos is assessed as least concern in northeast atlantic , mediterranean , and black sea assessment region
is restricted to the eastern atlantic ocean , where it is found from the bay of biscay south to senegal , including madeira and the canary islands . vagrants are reported as far north as the british isles ( smith - vaniz 1986 ) . it is also found in the western mediterranean sea , with recent records extending the northern - most occurrence of this species in the mediterranean to piran bay , gulf of trieste , adriatic sea ( dulčić
albania ; algeria ; croatia ; france ( corsica , france ( mainland ) ) ; gibraltar ; greece ( greece ( mainland ) ) ; guernsey ; ireland ; italy ( italy ( mainland ) , sardegna , sicilia ) ; jersey ; libya ; malta ; monaco ; montenegro ; morocco ; portugal ( madeira , portugal ( mainland ) , selvagens ) ; slovenia ; spain ( baleares , canary is . , spain ( mainland ) , spanish north african territories ) ; tunisia ; united kingdom ( great britain )
the international council for the exploration of the sea ( ices ) does not collect species - specific data on carangiids for mapping purposes . all carangiid data are aggregated to the family level , indicating that these species are not likely to be commercially important in northeastern atlantic ocean .
smith - vaniz ( smith - vaniz in press ) states this species is rarely found north of the bay of biscay . survey data from the international bottom trawl survey ( ibts ) in the gulf of cadiz suggest this species is rare in the region , however this could be an artifact of sampling . from 1993 to 2014 , 17 specimens ranging in size from 12
25 cm total length ( tl ) were collected . all specimens were collected in the spring of 1999 . this species is not commercially important in the gulf of cadiz
landings declared to fao originate in the eca , and within the eca , the large majority of landings are declared by morocco .
like many carangids , is taken as bycatch in the pelagic industrial and artisanal fisheries off the coast of west africa ( palomares and pauly 2004 ) . there is evidence of declining commercial landings and declining biomass of many species taken in these fisheries , and pelagic stocks are considered overexploited in the cecaf north assessment area ( gascuel
. 2010 , cecaf 2009 ) . in the eca species appears to be associated with upwelling zones ( gushchin and fall 2012 ) .
campogramma glaycos is of minor commercial importance in the mediterranean . it is marketed in the fish markets of istanbul , although typically in small numbers ( tekinay et al . 2003 ) . this species feeds on small fishes , and it is inferred that it is landed as bycatch in mediterranean fisheries targeting small pelagics such as sardine and anchovies . carangids are a commercially important bycatch of industrial small pelagic fisheries off the atlantic coast of west africa . this species is also considered a gamefish .
there is little species - specific data available for c . glaycos in the nea and mediterranean portion of its range . this species is of minor commercial importance in the mediterranean . it is taken as bycatch in fisheries targeting small pelagics .
there are no species - specific conservation measures in place for c . glaycos within the northeastern atlantic ocean , including the mediterranean and black sea . this species was assessed as data deficient in the 2007 mediterranean assessment ( abdul malak et al . 2011 , iucn 2011 ) .
9 . marine neritic - > 9 . 1 . marine neritic - pelagic suitability : unknown season : unknown 9 . marine neritic - > 9 . 2 . marine neritic - subtidal rock and rocky reefs suitability : suitable season : unknown 9 . marine neritic - > 9 . 3 . marine neritic - subtidal loose rock / pebble / gravel suitability : unknown season : unknown 9 . marine neritic - > 9 . 4 . marine neritic - subtidal sandy suitability : unknown season : unknown 9 . marine neritic - > 9 . 5 . marine neritic - subtidal sandy - mud suitability : unknown season : unknown 9 . marine neritic - > 9 . 6 . marine neritic - subtidal muddy suitability : unknown season : unknown 9 . marine neritic - > 9 . 7 . marine neritic - macroalgal / kelp suitability : unknown season : unknown
5 . biological resource use - > 5 . 4 . fishing & harvesting aquatic resources - > 5 . 4 . 3 . unintentional effects : ( subsistence / small scale ) [ harvest ]
5 . biological resource use - > 5 . 4 . fishing & harvesting aquatic resources - > 5 . 4 . 4 . unintentional effects : ( large scale ) [ harvest ]
1 . research - > 1 . 2 . population size , distribution & trends 1 . research - > 1 . 3 . life history & ecology 1 . research - > 1 . 5 . threats 3 . monitoring - > 3 . 1 . population trends 3 . monitoring - > 3 . 2 . harvest level trends 3 . monitoring - > 3 . 3 . trade trends 3 . monitoring - > 3 . 4 . habitat trends
abdul malak , d . a . , livingstone , s . r . , pollard , d . , polidoro , b . a . , cuttelod , a . , bariche , m . , bilecenoglu , m . , carpenter , k . e . , collette , b . b . , francour , p . , goren , m . , kara , m . h . , massuti , e . , papaconstantinou , c . and tunesi , l . 2011 . overview of the conservation status of the marine fishes of the mediterranean sea . in : iucn ( ed . ) . gland , switzerland .
dulvy , n . k . , sadovy , y . and reynolds , j . d . 2003 . extinction vulnerability in marine populations . fish and fisheries 4 ( 1 ) : 25 - 64 .
fao . 2009 . fishery committee for the eastern central atlantic : report of the fifth session of the scientific sub - committee : casablanca , morocco , 4 - 6 december 2007 . food and agriculture organization of the united nations , regional office for africa , 2009 .
gascuel , d . , monteiro , c . , yahya , s . , brahim , k . , bouzouma , m . and vally , y . o . 2010 . estimation des captures par espèce , pour les différentes flottilles opérant en mauritanie ( 1991 / 2005 ) . rapport du sixième groupe de travail de l’imrop : 1 - 15 .
gushchin , a . v . and fall , k . o . m . 2012 . ichthyofauna of littoral of the gulf arguin , mauritania . journal of ichthyology 52 ( 2 ) : 160 - 171 .
iucn . 2011 . iucn red list of threatened species ( ver . 2011 . 2 ) . available at : urltoken . ( accessed : 10 november 2011 ) .
iucn . 2015 . the iucn red list of threatened species . version 2015 . 1 . available at : urltoken . ( accessed : 28 may 2015 ) .
palomares , m . l . d . and pauly , d . 2004 . west african marine ecosystems : models and fisheries impacts . in : palomares , m . l . d . and pauly , d . ( eds ) , fisheries centre research reports . the fisheries centre , vancouver .
smith - vaniz , w . f . 1986b . carangidae . in : p . j . p . whitehead , m . l . bauchot , j . c . hureau , j . nielsen and e . tortonese ( eds ) , fishes of the north - eastern atlantic and the mediterranean , pp . 815 - 844 . unesco , paris .
smith - vaniz , w . f . in press . carangidae . fao species identification sheets for fishery purposes . eastern central atlantic . .
tekinay , a . a . , alpaslan , m . , özen , ö . , akyüz , p . e . , kahyaoğlu , g . and güroy , d . 2003 . a comparative analysis of istanbul fish market records between 1998 and 2001 . eu journal of fisheries & aquatic sciences 20 ( 3 - 4 ) : 413 - 418 .
herrera , j . & smith - vaniz , w . f . 2015 .
de morais , l . , smith - vaniz , w . f . , sagna , a . , djiman , r . , camara , k . , carpenter , k . e . , nunoo , f . , sidibé , a , sylla , m . , williams , a . b . & montiero , v .
justification : this species is widespread in the eastern central atlantic , the mediterranean and is common in some parts of its range . it is caught in mixed - species fisheries throughout its range . based on mixed - species catches reported for carangids in the region , landings are fluctuating , but there is no current indication of decline in catch . fao reported data show a gradual decline from the 1990 to present , but with stable catches being report over the last decade . however , it is obvious that these statistics are an aggregation of at least two species being confused because of local changes in reporting according to name changes . there has been an observed 80 % decrease in average weight taken in scientific surveys off the coast of mauritania to guinea from 1990 to 1998 . it is also considered a very fast growing species . it is listed as least concern . more species - specific information on the population status , catch statistics , life history , biology and impact of major threats is needed .
in the eastern atlantic , this species is found from southern bay of biscay to south africa , including the mediterranean . in the mediterranean basin , lichia amia occurs in the iberian waters ( dempster et al . 2002 ) , in the southern tunisia ( souissi et al . 2005 ) , in the tyrrhenian sea ( romanelli et al . 2002 ) , in the central adriatic sea ( duclic and glamuzina 2006 ) and in the aegean waters ( akin et al . 2005 ) . in the eastern central atlantic , this species is known from mauritania to angola , including cape verde .
albania ; algeria ; angola ; benin ; bulgaria ; cameroon ; cape verde ; congo ; congo , the democratic republic of the ; côte d ' ivoire ; croatia ; cyprus ; egypt ; equatorial guinea ; france ; gabon ; gambia ; ghana ; gibraltar ; greece ; guinea ; guinea - bissau ; israel ; italy ; lebanon ; liberia ; libya ; malta ; mauritania ; monaco ; montenegro ; morocco ; mozambique ; namibia ; nigeria ; portugal ( madeira , portugal ( mainland ) ) ; sao tomé and principe ; senegal ; serbia ; sierra leone ; slovenia ; south africa ; spain ( canary is . , spain ( mainland ) ) ; syrian arab republic ; togo ; tunisia ; turkey ; western sahara
in the eastern central atlantic ( eca ) , this species is widespread , but not considered common . based on the cecaf south working ( fao cecaf 2009 ) , which covers guinea bissau to angola , catch landings for carangidae species from 1994 - 2008 show an increase up to 20 , 000 in 2001 and are stable until 2008 , when they drop to 12 , 000 metric tons , but not all countries are reporting ( fao cecaf 2009 ) . based on eca country reported landings to fao for carangids not elsewhere included , landings peaked between 1970 to 1980 , averaging around 24 , 000 metric tonnes per year , and then in 1980 fell to an average of 18 , 000 metric tonnes per year , fluctuating between 16 , 000 and 18 , 000 per year and remaining relatively stable since . species - specific landings reported by countries in the region to fao , show an increase to an average of 1 , 800 metric tonnes in the 1990s and then a decrease to about 400 metric tonnes over the past 10 years . in the mediterranean sea , this fish is widespread but not common and abundant only seasonally in certain areas . fao landings for this species show dramatic declines . however , it is obvious that these statistics are an aggregation of at least two species . under leerfish in turkey , are often included as greater amberjack since the local common name is the same . in 2000 , the leerfish and greater amberjack were separated apart in the statistics in turkey and therefore it appears as if the dramatic declines are due to a statistical anomaly .
this species is utilized fresh , frozen , smoked , dried - salted and for fishmeal and oil ( smith - vaniz in press ) . it is a popular game fish .
lichia amia is a commercial species that is caught with hook and line and is a popular game fish . landings from area 34 ( atlantinc , easter central ) and 37 ( mediterranean and balck sea ) range from 1 , 000 to 10 , 000 metric tonnes . in the eastern central atlantic , catches for this species are not reported separately , and carangid species are mainly caught in the inshore fishery using purse - seines and in both industrial and artisanal fisheries . in senegal , it is taken in beach seines and is exported to the interior . it is not a high value species .
this species occurs in marine protected areas . there is a minimum size requirement of 20 cm tl in turkey .
de morais , l . , smith - vaniz , w . f . , sagna , a . , djiman , r . , camara , k . , carpenter , k . e . , nunoo , f . , sidibé , a , sylla , m . , williams , a . b . & montiero , v . 2015 .
feeding of pelagic fish in waters of mauritania : 2 . representatives of families carangidae , scombridae , pomatomidae , and trichiuridae | springerlink
feeding of pelagic fish in waters of mauritania : 2 . representatives of families carangidae , scombridae , pomatomidae , and trichiuridae
original russian text © a . v . gushchin , a . corten , 2016 , published in voprosy ikhtiologii , 2016 , vol . 56 , no . 1 , pp . 68–75 .
program “small pelagic fish , ” imrop - rivo , 2002–2004 : mauritania , institut mauritanien de recherches océanographiques et des pêches , netherlands , institute for marine resources and ecosystem studies .
buckel , j . a . , fogarty , m . j . , and conover , d . o . , foraging habits of bluefish , pomatomus saltatrix , on the u . s . east coast continental shelf ,
caverivière , a . and andriamirado , g . a . r . , minimal fish predation for the pink shrimp penaeus notalis in senegal ( west africa ) ,
cayré , p . , amon kothias , j . b . , diouf , t . , and stretta , j . m . , biology of tuna , in resources , fishing and biology of the tropical tunas of the eastern central atlantic ,
, rome : food agric . org . , 1993 , pp . 147–244 .
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scombrids of the world . an annotated and illustrated catalogue of tunas , mackerels , bonitos , and related species known to date , fao fish . syn .
, rome : food agric . org . , 1983 , vol . 2 , no . 125 .
creaser , e . p . and perkins , h . c . , the distribution , food and age of juvenile bluefish , pomatomus saltatrix in maine ,
gushchin , a . v . and corten , a . , feeding of pelagic fish in waters of mauritania : 1 . european anchovy engraulis encrasicolus , european sardine sardina pilchardus , round sardinella sardinella aurita , and flat sardinella s . maderensis ,
metodicheskoe posobie po izucheniyu pitanya i pishchevykh otnoshenii ryb v estestvennykh usloviyakh ( methodological manual on analysis of feeding and food relationships between fishes in natural conditions ) , moscow : nauka , 1974 .
mianzan , h . w . , mari , n . , prenski , b . , and sanchez , f . , fish predation on neritic ctenophores from the argentine continental shelf : a neglected food resource ?
nakamura , i . and parin , n . v . , fao species catalogue , in snake mackerels and cutlassfishes of the world ( families gempylidae and trichiuridae ) ,
, rome : food agric . org . , 1993 , vol . 15 , no . 125 .
, paris : unesco , 1986 , vol . 2 , pp . 815–844 .
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10 or 11 + 14 to 17 ( 24 - 27 total , usually 10 + 14 ) .
, including trachurus , usually occur in dense schools near the bottom in depths of 100 - 200 m but may extend to 500 m . feeding varies from planktonic
are highly sought by sport fishermen and valued as table food , others mainly utilized for fishmeal and oil . caught commercially with trawls , purse seines , traps and on line gear .
smith - vaniz , w . f . ; bauchot , m . - l . ; desoutter , m . 1979 . catalogue critique des types de poissons du museum national d ' histoire naturelle ( famille des carangidae ) . bull . mus . nat . hist . nat . , paris , 3e ser . , in press .
smith - vaniz , w . f . ; berry , f . h . 1981 . carangidae . in : w . fischer et al . ( eds . ) , fao species identification sheets for fishery purposes . eastern central atlantic , fishing area 34 and part of 47 . fao , rome .
sorry , there are no images or audio / video clips available for this taxon .
three specimens of apogonids species of total length 72 . 69 , 106 . 28 and 110 . 67 mm were caught off tuticorin at the depths of 90 - 100 m as a bycatch on 1st january 2013 from the commercial trawler operated from tuticorin fishing harbour , southeast coast of india . in this paper , on the occurrence of jaydia queketti was figured and the comprehensive diagnostic features of the recorded specimens were elucidated . the species of this genus jaydia is distributed continentally and often caught as a bycatch from shrimp or fish trawl . these species are widely distributed in new guinea , larger islands in the coral sea , australia , arabian sea of india and also from africa to japan . nevertheless , the present observation shows the occurrence of j . queketti from the by - catch of trawl fishery operated along gulf of mannar , southeast coast of india .
38 & apos ; 127
n and 78°12 & apos ; 612
e ) .
range extension of the titan cardinalfish , holapogon maximus ( boulenger , 1888 ) in the southern coast . . .
three specimens of apogonids were collected from tuticorin fishing harbour , off tuticorin , gulf of mannar , southeast coast of india during november 2012 ( two specimens ) and december 2014 ( one specimen ) . the morphometric and meristic characters of the recorded specimens are described and discussed . based on the key diagnostic characters like presence of seven anal - fin rays , villiform teeth and . . . [ show full abstract ]
an evaluation of economic impact on juvenile landings of cephalopods in mumbai waters , northwest coa . . .
economic assessment of juvenile landings of 5 dominant cephalopods at new ferry wharf ( nfw ) landing centre , mumbai was carried out during january to december , 2013 . dominant cephalopod fishery recorded include one species of squid , uroteuthis ( p ) duvaucelii , three species of cuttlefishes , sepia elliptica , sepia pharaonis , sepiella inermis and a species of octopus , cistopus indicus together . . . [ show full abstract ]
assessment of marine genetic resources of gulf of mannar biosphere reserve - tamil nadu , india 760 ( p . . .
the gulf of mannar biosphere reserve ( gombr ) including the gulf of mannar ( gom ) national park is considered as ’biological paradise’ because of the diverse ecological niches like coral islands , estuaries , seagrass beds , pearl paars , chank beds , mangroves forests and beaches . the gombr harbours numerous marine flora and fauna of global significance and considered as one of the world’s richest . . . [ show full abstract ]