sphaeridium is a genus of beetles in the family hydrophilidae , the water scavenger beetles .

they occur in europe , and some species have been introduced to north america .

the adults are 4 to 7.5 millimeters long .

they have short antennae with hairy clubs at the tips .

these beetles live in cow dung .

the adults feed on the dung and other organic matter , but the beetle larvae are predators of the maggots of the flies that breed in the dung , such as the face fly ( musca autumnalis ) .

two or more sphaeridium beetle species may coexist in one pat , and the larvae may feed on each other .

the female beetle deposits several eggs encased in a cocoon .

species include : sphaeridium bimaculatum sphaeridium bipunctatum sphaeridium bipustulatum sphaeridium inquinatum sphaeridium lunatum sphaeridium marginatum sphaeridium pellucidum sphaeridium plagiatum sphaeridium punctiforme sphaeridium rubrum sphaeridium ruficolle sphaeridium rufipes sphaeridium scarabaeoides sphaeridium substriatum sphaeridium testudineum sphaeridium vaccarium

sphaeridium

what made you want to look up sphaeridium ? please tell us where you read or heard it ( including the quote , if possible ) .
part or all of this entry has been imported from the 1913 edition of webster’s dictionary , which is now free of copyright and hence in the public domain . the imported definitions may be significantly out of date , and any more recent senses may be completely missing . ( see the entry for sphaeridium in webster’s revised unabridged dictionary , g . & c . merriam , 1913 . )
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the family is mostly a water - dwelling group , but some species are modified for
swimming
in dung , or otherwise living in relatively moist habitats .
a manual of common beetles of eastern north america dillon , elizabeth s . , and dillon , lawrence . 1961 . row , peterson , and company .
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length 5 to 7 mm . quite a distinctively marked beetle : the blackish coloured elytra have a dark red blotch and fade to a pale yellow - brown in the rear third .
fairly frequent in leicestershire and rutland . there were a total of 34 vc55 records for this species up to march 2015 .
length 5 . 5 to 7 . 5 mm . a very smooth , blackish dome shaped beetle with pale yellow tips to the lytra and faint reddish blotches on its sides .
adults feed on the fresh dung of herbivorous animals ; their young are predators of small insect larvae .
fairly frequent in leicestershire and rutland . there were a total of 32 vc55 records for this species up to march 2015 .
this page was last edited on 28 july 2016 , at 16 : 27 .
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the water scavenger beetles ( hydrophilidae ) are of oblong or rounded body shape , most of them are small - sized , but there are also very large representatives , e . g . up to 50 mm in the genus hydrophilus . the species in the subfamily hydrophilinae live in water , whereas the representatives of the subfamily sphaeridiinae are usually found on the land in dung or vegetable detritus . a distinguishing feature of the scavenger beetles are their 6 - 9 - membered antennae and the extended maxillar palps , which are designed to perform the normal task of the antenna ( smelling and tasting ) . the antennae in turn are used for respiration . upon surfacing fresh air is passed along the antennae to the elytra , where it is stored . worldwide more than 2000 species have been described , in germany 110 species are found .
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corresponds to a report on the basis of at least one observation proved within a period of 10 years ( 20 years for little - known invertebrates ) preceding the year and no presumption of extinction since obtaining the last data nor doubt on reproductive and implemented nature of this population . for migratory species , the presence indicated concerns areas of reproduction .
the last reliable sighting is older than 10 years compared to the reference date , no recent specific research and no presumption of extinction from that date [ vertebrates , invertebrates and plants well studied ( rhopalocera , grasshoppers , dragonflies . . . ) ] ;
the last reliable observation being older than 20 years , no recent specific research and no presumption of extinction from that date [ poorly known taxa : fungus , many invertebrates . . . ] .
this point covers the absence , more difficult by nature to demonstrate than presence . this status is based on one or more of the following criteria :
this status must be assigned to a department in which the presence of the species is casual .
particular case of absence due to a proven extinction less than a half century ago ( older disappearances are treated as
no probable or definite
) .
in the state of knowledge , we can not comment on the presence or absence in the current department . this is the default status when not comprised in one of the previous categories or whenever there is doubt .
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deltophalonia termasia is a species of moth of the tortricidae family .

it is found in ecuador in the provinces of napo and tungurahua .

the wingspan is about 26 mm .

the ground colour of the forewings is brownish grey in the posterior third of the wing with browner suffusions and indistinct fascia .

the ground colour is browner in the remaining areas .

the hindwings are creamish , densely strigulated ( finely streaked ) with brownish grey and suffused with the same colour apically .

deltophalonia termasia

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the kuhli loach ( pangio kuhlii ) is a small eel-like freshwater fish belonging to the loach family ( cobitidae ) .

this snake-like creature is very slender and nocturnal .

in an aquarium , the kuhli loach can be very reclusive and , when startled , will dart underneath tank ornaments or bury itself , if a fine gravel or sandy substrate is present .

kuhli loach

kuhli loach care guide : how to care , tank mates , gender , feeding and breeding kuhli loaches . kuhli loach ( also known as coolie loach ) in a community tank קולי לוץ
the kuhli loach is readily available at pet stores and online , and is moderately priced .
we find these kuhli loach fish in sumatra , southeast asia , western malaysia , singapore , thailand , borneo and java . we don’t find this variety in the iucn red list . they are also known by several other names , such as coolie loach , prickly eye , cinnamon loach , leopard loach and giant coolie loach .
there are two different colour variations of kuhli loach . the more widely pictured , but much less common
banded
kuhli loach , as well as the highly common
black
kuhli loach . the latter ' s colours may range from dark burgundy to a darker shade of tan . albino versions are occasionally seen in shops .
this little fish was originally named and is best known as the kuhli loach or prickly eye , but there are quite a few other common names often associated with this fish . for example , in the united states this loach is sometimes also called the coolie loach , giant coolie loach , leopard loach , and cinnamon loach . coolie loaches are exported by the millions for the aquarium hobby .
their is also an albino color form of this loach , known as the albino kuhli loach . this a bred color form , and it is not certain whether the albino kuhli loach occurs naturally in the wild . but these would be highly visible animals , so beacons for predation .
: the kuhli loach lives in great masses around plant cushions of muddy rivers . southeast asia ; borneo , java ,
the kuhli loach ( pangio kuhlii ) is small eel shaped fish that is found throughout indonesia and malaysia . while it superficially resembles an eel , it is actually part of the large and varied loach family . there are nearly a dozen species of fish that are sold under the name kuhli loach , but the species pangio kuhli is the most commonly available for sale .
kuhli loaches ( pangio kuhlii , earlier named as acanthophthalmus kuhlii ) also named as coolie loach , leopard loach is a peaceful ground fish which is more active in the evening and at night .
here is a my kuhli loach fish . he is a very lovely fish . the kuhli loach is a small eel - like freshwater fish belonging to the loach family . they originate from indonesia and the malay peninsula . this snake - like creature is very slender and nocturnal . thanks for watching and do not forget subscribe !
in nature , kuhli loaches are social , though they do not form tight schools . while they can live by themselves , the kuhli loach would much rather shoal with members of their own species .
this stripy species springs to many minds as the ‘kuhli loach’ and this is the most likely fish to be mislabelled as p . kuhlii .
p . anguillaris is recognised as the eel ‘kuhli’ loach , being recorded from cambodia , indonesia , laos , malaysia , thailand and vietnam .
most of the time the kuhli loach are seen swimming at the base of the tank ; however , at night , they swim everywhere in the tank . the kuhli loach need pristine water , so do not put these kuhli loaches in an arrangement which is biologically not developed . they are adjustable to an aquarium of average size ( best nearly 20 gallons ) . where the water is a bit acidic , and with passive lighting the kuhli loach requires good water currents for generating sufficient oxygen .
a kuhli loach ( pangio kuhlii ) is a small worm - like freshwater fish belonging to the loach family ( cobitidae ) . the fish is also commonly called coolie loach , giant coolie loach , striped loach , and leopard loach . originating in indonesia and the malay peninsula , it is commonly kept as a pet in tropical aquaria . they have an orange body , about 4 in ( 10 cm ) long , with 6 to 10 often irregular dark bands along the length and some barbels about their mouth .
this is a popular ‘un - banded’ species that’s often sold under the ‘black kuhli loach’ name and in certain older literature was known as p . javanicus .
common name : kuhli loach scientific name : pangio semicincta wild origin : malaysia maximum size : 9cm – 10cm , 3 . 55 inches – 3 . 95 inches
genus ) that are much like the actual kuhli loach . these loaches all have the elongated wormlike body shape , are fairly similar in size and appearance , and are also wiggly little scavengers who make great aquarium cleaners . each of these fish however , can be distinguished from the kuhli loach by their individual color patterns and adult size .
kuhli loach habitat ( acanthophthalmus kuhlii ) is in south - west asia and india . the fish also inhabits in sumatra , singapore , malaysia , java and borneo islands .
sorry , i was actually just looking and found out that there are multiple species of pangio sp . that are marketed as kuhli loach or other misnomers . will edit !
was described by valenciennes in 1846 . they are found in southeast asia ; sumatra , singapore , western malaysia , java , borneo , and thailand . this species is not listed on the iucn red list . other common names they are known by include prickly eye , coolie loach , giant coolie loach , cinnamon loach , and leopard loach .
most stripy so - called ‘kuhli loaches’ in the trade have actually been p . semicincta .
just wanted to mention that the black kuhli is actually a separate species , pangio oblonga .
the kuhli loach , also commonly known as coolie loach , comes from the tropical waters of indonesia , malaysia , java and surrounding areas . the kuhli loach is eel shaped . its body colorings are a kind of salmon - pink / yellow with dark brown to black stripes that half circles the body . the stomach is a sort of a whitish colour . the eyes on the kuhli loach are set in one of the stripes and therefore not easily seen . the mouth is set at a downward angle and with 3 pairs of bushy barbels adorning it ; it looks like it has an obstinate little moustache . its fins are translucent .
the kuhli loach is usually nocturnal , only sneaking out during feeding time to eat food that falls to the substrate , then quickly returning to its lair . because of this , it is common to not see a kuhli loach for days or even weeks at a time . in aquaria with under - gravel filters , kuhli loaches may seek refuge under the filter plates . members of this species may also explore other types of filters and hide in the filter media .
the benefit of the kuhli loach over several of the other loach is that their growth is limited to a length of almost 8 to 11 cm . ( 3 to 5 in . ) . besides , their bioload ( amount of life existing in an aquarium ) is too tiny for a loach . the kulhi loach is capable of squeezing out through tiny openings , hence keep the tank always securely closed . they need a tank of at least 20 gallons ( 37 liters ) .
the yoyo loach ( botia almorhae ) , also known as the pakistani loach , is a small fresh water fish native to india and pakistan . the name yoyo loach originates from the fact that the marking on the fishes side resemble the word “yoyo” , although this becomes more difficult to see as the fish ages .
the kuhli loach is a smaller , worm - like loach that can reach from 3 - 4 1 / 2 inches ( 7 . 8 - 12 cm ) in length , though generally a bit smaller in the aquarium . their life span is generally about 10 years , though they been reported to live even longer .
kuhli loach care : tank parameters required : ph – 3 . 5 - 7 . 0 gh – 3 - 8 kh – 1 - 3 tds – 50 - 160 temperature – 21 - 26c or 70 - 79f
the kuhli loach dwells in mountain streams among a litter of leaves and sandy locations where the rivers move slowly . their habitats are in general remote from the sun due to the canopy of the forest . in the wild , the khuli loach is seen in tiny groups , but they do not belong to the schooling fish variety .
yes - best kept in groups of 6 or more , if kept singly a kuhli will seldom be seen .
with the added swimming area , we plumped for a streambed tank with extra inhabitants . kuhli loach are handsome but shy , and even a dozen or so in this tank could prove hard to spot . give them too many hiding spaces and you’ll never see them . don’t give them enough and they’ll never become confident enough to show as much as a whisker . many a tank has ‘lost’ its kuhli loach for years at a time , only found again when the tank is eventually stripped . kuhli loach are malaysian fish , so we wanted a tank with plants from that part of the world . that meant two easy targets appeared straight away — cryptocoryne and java fern .
75 gallon planted aquarium - red tail shark , rainbow shark , clown loach , red tail loaches , etc .
and finally , kuhli loachs probably won’t mix very well with drawf frogs . you’ll probably end up with a lot of very confused frogs trying to fit a kulhli loach in their mouth , which will result in unhappy kuhli loachs . it may work , but i’ve seen those frogs try to eat just about anything they come in contact with .
the kuhli loach has an advantage over most of the other loaches kept in aquariums , inasmuch as it never grows too large , growing around 8 - 11 cm ( 3 - 5 in ) in length . also their bioload is very small for a loach . be sure to keep the tank covered properly at all times as it can squeeze out of quite small places . the minimum tank size required for the kuhli is 20 gallons ( 37 liters ) .
kuhli loaches are not a demanding fish , and will thrive in a well maintained 20 gallon tank . while many people attempt to keep them in smaller aquariums , a group of well fed kuhli loaches will quickly outgrow anything smaller than 20 gallons .
nice profile , well done ! just wanted to mention that the black kuhli is actually a separate species , pangio oblonga .
they are pretty notorious for hiding , but the aquarium is way too small for them . and do you know what killed your yoyo loach ? was it another loach ? it sounds like they would be better in 30 gallon if at all possible .
however even if further study reveals p . kuhlii to occur outside java it appears probable that it is not the common aquarium ‘kuhli / coolie’ loach which is more likely to be p . semicincta , one or more unidentified species , or a combination of these .
look closely and you’ll see not just danios in this set - up , but also kuhli loaches out and about in the open .
i would strongly recommend choosing an aquaclear power filter for a kuhli loach tank . this filter combines excellent filtration with a durable design , and it will keep your tank sparkling clear for years to come . you can also read the aquarium tidings aquaclear filter review here .
and kuhli loaches almost always eat after lights out , so just feed them just before the lights go out and they should be happy .
the natural habitat of the kuhli loach is the sandy beds of slow - moving rivers and clean mountain streams . they are a social fish and are typically found in small clusters ( they are not schooling fish but enjoy the company of their species ) , but are cautious and
i’m sorry to hear about your loach . are there any symptoms right now ? is the fish bloated or is there anything growing on him ?
kuhli loach tank should be moderately sized with soft ( 0 – 5 dgh ) , a little acidic water ( ph : 5 . 5 - 6 . 5 ) and moderately lighted . is a ground fish , so not the tank size is determining , but the square of its bottom .
help ! ! ! does anyone know how many babies a black kuhli loach has at a time ? i have two adults and now i have seen one little one………………… . i have read that this is rare in an aquarium . just wondering what to expect . i would appreciate any help any advice .
: often hides or buries itself during the day , coming out at night to feed . the kuhli loach is often very active in the morning and when the lights are turned on . if a fish is floating on surface it is a sign of heavy water pollutants . there are two sub - species
this is heavily built and sometimes referred to as the ‘giant kuhli loach’ . adults are easily recognisable by their sheer depth of body and wide black markings interspaced by thin yellow / orange bars . the caudal fin is usually completely black or with a black base blotch and a subterminal black bar or row of spots .
eel loaches comprise the 33 members of the genus pangio . small and elongated , they are frequently and inappropriately called kuhli loaches or , worse still , coolie loaches .
when i pulled my shrimp tank down i thought i had 1 or 2 kuhli but i found 5 big fat ones nothing like the little skinny ones i bought .
it is essential that the water turnover takes place at a minimum of 10 to 15 times an hour . a filter below the gravel is an option for generating good oxygen all over the aquarium and also for decreasing the waste . supplementing a power head or canister filter to the arrangement gives good current for the kuhli loach fishes .
this is another slender and elongate loach that can attain 12 . 5cm / 5” . it is known to inhabit the malay peninsula as well as sarawak , borneo .
this loach is a peaceful community fish and a great scavenger of uneaten foods that settle to the bottom of the aquarium . they hide during the day , but are quite lively and active in the evening . though they do not school , they will be more likely to come out of hiding if they are kept with some companions . a singly kept kuhli loach will seldom be seen . it is recommended that they be kept in small groups of at least 6 or more of its own kind .
this can be especially problematic when they are first introduced , and they are still on a nocturnal feeding schedule . while you should try to never overfeed your fish , a bit extra during the first few weeks will help keep the kuhli loaches fed . i have used hikari sinking wafers for kuhli loaches in the past with great success .
…vertical black bands , and the kuhli loach ( pangio kuhlii ) , a pinkish , eel - like species about 8 centimetres long , marked with many vertical black bands . other loaches include the stone ( nemachilus barbatula ) and spined loaches , both mottled , yellow and brown fishes about 13 centimetres long found in europe and northern asia . the…
hadiaty , r . k . and m . kottelat , 2009 - zootaxa 2171 : 65 - 68 pangio lidi , a new species of loach from eastern borneo , indonesia .
harry , r . r . , 1949 - proceedings of the biological society of washington v . 62 : 69 - 72 a new loach of the genus acanthophthalmus from siam .
steve hunt’s kuhli loach was in dire straits . the nano tank it had called home had been a present for steve’s daughter , but it was woefully small . a curve - fronted little all - in - one lump of barely 30l / 6 . 6 gal , it had become tired and grubby , hidden away in a corner , decrepit and embarrassing .
a group of dozen kuhli loaches will have more active behavior and it’ll be more close to their behavior in the wild , nevertheless acanthophthalmus can be also kept alone in a tank .
thanks keith for this helpful info . 25 years on and off on fishkeeping but ive never had a kuhli , ive seen them at pet stores but i didnt know theyre usefull .
: the kuhli loach has an eel - like shape . the dorsal fin is located far back on the body . the body coloring is orange to salmon with 15 - 20 wide transverse black bands that extend to the belly . the belly is light pink to white . four pairs of barbels extend from the mouth , and spines are located just below the eye .
the kuhli loach will swim mostly on the bottom of the aquarium , but at night these loaches will swim all over the tank . never introduce this loach into a biological immature setup as these fish require pristine water . this fish will do well in a medium sized aquarium ( ideally 20 gallons or so ) with soft , slightly acidic water and subdued lighting . they need good water movement that provides plenty of oxygenation . the tank water should turnover at least 10 - 15 times per hour . an undergravel filter is a great choice for these fish as it creates high oxygen through out the tank as well as reducing the waste . adding a canister filter or power head to the setup will make the proper current for this loach .
i think we’ve all been there with the ‘faking’ yoyo loaches . one time , i was getting ready to scoop a yoyo loach out , when it leapt up and swam away . lol
yes kuhli loaches are very social creatures and they love to interact with eachother . kuhli loaches do better if they are in a minimum group of five or they will usually go into hiding and might even go into permanent hiding . i would suggest that you get two more , but you have to have at least a 10 gallon tank or they will be crowded . and one more thing your kuhli loaches might also be hiding because you might have an aggresive fish in your tank . i hoped i helped you , and good luck with your loaches ! ! !
although they have been bred successfully in the aquarium , not much is known about the breeding habits of the kuhli loach . they scatter bright green adhesive eggs underneath floating plants where the eggs then attach to the stems and roots . the eggs have been described by herbert axelrod as a type of bubble nest , with each egg enclosed in a bubble . they are not yet bred commercially .
the slim shape of eel loaches set them apart from all others of the loach fraternity . they also differ by having a relatively high number of vertebrae and the dorsal fin is behind the pelvic fin .
my yoyo loach rules my cichlids tank , they all move out of the way when he’s going somewhere , it sounds like mine is completely the opposite of the norm , he’s very brave and active .
this species is traded on a regular basis and is also known as ‘myer’s loach’ . in recent years albino and leucistic forms have become available although it’s unclear if these are naturally - occurring or not .
care : all kuhli loaches require mature aquaria and should not be considered for newly set up tanks . a soft sandy substrate should be provided with lots of shady hiding places amongst bogwood and plants . as with other species of kuhli loach , these fish are best maintained in groups of three or more . however , given the rarity of this particular species and the fact they have only shown up in other fish shipments as ' contaminants ' , it may not be easy to source that many specimens . in such cases , it would be wise to provide them with company of similar species , such as p . oblonga .
the coolie loach is a bottom - dwelling fish that enjoys burrowing in sand and exploring hiding places in your tank . get to know this intriguing freshwater fish with its eel - like shape and fascinating habits .
this loach has a chance of warding off predators with its bright complexion . unfortunately , for a hungry dragon , it ' s nothing more than a colorful wet noodle . ( special thanks to ciar ! )
this cute little kuhli loach is quite easy to manage at homes in aquariums . it requires water of medium soft quality , with a ph of medium quality almost 6 to 7 . even then it accommodates water of almost all qualities . its position in the water is at the base , it is here that it searches for food . it needs a temperature in the range of 75 to 85°f ( 24 to 29°c )
that’s the great thing about fish – they all have different personalities . it sounds like you have a happy and healthy loach , so keep up the good work ( though he’d probably appreciate a few friends ) .
there are no specific common diseases that can affect the kuhli loach . it may get affected by any disease or if you do every thing correctly , it will not get any disease at all . like other scale less fish , it is affected a lot from medications that treat diseases like ich , so with a scale less fish , the best thing to do is just increase the temperature . the tank water should be kept clean at all times . that way it lessens any chance of poor health and enables your fish to stay strong and healthy . the life span of kuhli loaches is approximately 10 years , but longer has been recorded .
i have 3 kuhli loaches which i purchased about a month ago , they were riddled with white spot but i treated them straight away an look great now , my tanks . . . ( more ) danie x harrison
in the wild , kuhli loaches tend to inhabit slow flowing streams and rivers with soft , muddy bottoms . while they are not a traditional schooling fish , they naturally form into large groups with regular and playful interactions .
many hobbyists have a kuhli loach ( pangio kuhlii ) or two in their tanks . the long , almost snake - like body , and combination of orange - yellow and black bands make kuhlis an interesting addition to any community tank . their peaceful disposition , coupled with their ability to wiggle into every nook and cranny in search of food , make them an excellent choice . however , many hobbyists complain that they rarely see their pets .
my little illusive khuli loach which i only see once in a blue moon : ) he lived in the juwel filter but he moved house when i filled the tank with bogwood so now he lives under the bogwood somewhere .
originating from southeast asia , the coolie loach is indigenous to the streams of borneo , java , western malaysia , singapore , sumatra , and thailand . originally described as cobitis kuhlii , it was later named acanthophthalmus kuhlii , from the word acanthophthalmus that means
thorn eye ,
a reference to the spines located beneath the eyes of the coolie loach . the current scientific name is pangio kuhlii , however , many references still utilize the former scientific names .
since they are omnivorous , the kuhli loach will generally eat all kinds of small live and frozen foods and meat based foods are relished the most . they also like sinking pelleted and tablet foods , flakes , and a bit of vegetable foods such as algae wafers . to keep a good balance give them a high quality prepared food everyday . feed tubifex worms , brine shrimp ( either live or frozen ) , mosquito larvae , and daphnia as a treat .
the most important thing for these loaches is that they always have clean and well - oxygenated water . frequent water changes of about 30 % a week are needed for the kuhli loach . with your weekly water change make sure to vacuum the gravel to remove all excess food and waste , but it ' s best not to remove any bio film on rocks and decor . a magnet algae cleaner normally does a great job in keeping the viewing pane clear .
this loach can be hardy under the right conditions . they are not recommended for beginners because of their need for pristine water and having small body scales and no scales on the head . reduced scales makes them more prone to disease and very sensitive to medications used to treat disease . experience in treating scaleless fish is very important to be able to give your loach a healthy and long life . do not try to introduce these fish into biologically immature tanks .
as for the choice of fish , your tank should be large enough for yoyo loaches . but catfish would also work just as well , and you wouldn’t be pushing the limits like you would be with a full yoyo loach .
kuhli loaches are mostly bred in their native areas as they are very much available most of the time . breeding in the home aquarium can be difficult . the eggs are stuck to roots , buried beneath the surface of the substrate . females are plumper when ready to breed . this is the only way to identify the sexes . most breeding is done accidentally when many kuhli loaches are put in a tank together and they breed by themselves . if you want to try and breed them , the best way is to get a bunch of them in a tank with an undergravel filter . leave the kuhli loaches by themselves without any other fish for a few weeks , while still doing regular maintenance .
britz , r . and m . kottelat , 2010 - ichthyological exploration of freshwaters 20 ( 4 ) : 317 - 376 pangio longimanus , a miniature species of eel - loach from central laos ( teleostei : cypriniformes : cobitidae ) .
breeding the kuhli loach can be difficult in the home aquarium . the eggs buried beneath the surface and stuck to plant roots . most breeding is done by accident when many coolies are put into a tank and they mate by themselves . the best way to breed them is to get a bunch of them and get a tank with an under gravel filter and leave only coolies in the tank and leave it alone for a few weeks , while still doing the regular maintenance .
the fish likes clean and well aerated water , and frequents water renews . it’s necessary to siphonate the bottom while changing the water to remove the litter , since loach fish as a ground one suffers the most from ammonia and nitrates on the bottom .
: an excellent community fish that can be combined with small to medium sized species . it hides during the day but comes out at feeding times , and during the evening . do not combine with fish that might try and swallow this slender loach .
i am very concerned . i purchased a yoyo loach the other day specifically because i was told they stay small and it was in to put in my 10 gallon tank . this was by the aquarium employee . i’m not sure what to do ?
though peaceful , the kuhli loach is nocturnal and is most active at night . they can also be quite shy and will seldom be seen if kept alone . this doesn ' t mean they are a schooling fish , as they are not , but they are more comfortable and more likely to come out of hiding if they have some companions . a group of a half dozen or so will make them more prone to behave as they would in nature . they are quite hardy and can live for several years .
acanthophthalmus kuhlii is a small striped loach that will grow to be about 8 - 12 cm ( 4 - 5 in ) long , however in a tank it won’t be longer than 8 cm . lifespan is about 10 years , although it may be longer .
the natural habitat of the kuhli loach is the sandy beds of slow - moving rivers and clean mountain streams . they are a social fish and are typically found in small schools , but are cautious and nocturnal by nature and swim near the bottom where they feed or around obstacles . they natively live in a tropical climate and prefer water with a 5 . 5 - 6 . 5 ph , a water hardness of 5 . 0 dgh , and a temperature range of 75 - 86 °f ( 24 - 30 °c ) .
it is difficult to breed these kuhli loach fishes at homes in the aquariums . the eggs get buried underneath the root surface where they get stuck up . the breeding , mostly are not planned . when several coolies are gathered in the tank , mating sometimes takes place naturally . the ideal way of breeding them is putting a group of them in the aquarium having a filter , under gravel and let only the coolies in the tank on their own for a period of some weeks , and continue to regularly maintain the aquarium .
breeding the kuhli loach is a challenge that requires work and patience . it’s not something that hobbyists can do without really putting their minds to it . kuhli loaches are always in demand . once they reach about 2 inches , they are of salable size . often , you can trade with other hobbyists in your local fish club . provided that you maintain a good relationship with the owner of your local fish store , he or she should be happy to take the extra babies off your hands in exchange for fish food or supplies . a few might even buy them outright , but don’t expect to get rich . be happy if you can cover fish food costs , and enjoy your hobby . at the very least , you’ll be able to brag to your “fishy” friends that you met the challenge !
i would strongly recommend choosing an aquaclear power filter for a yoyo loach tank . this filter combines excellent filtration with a durable design , and it will keep your tank sparkling clear for years to come . you can also read the aquarium tidings aquaclear filter review here .
alternative decor the rounded rocks we used could easily be replaced by large flint cobbles . i’d be wary of using one of the large ‘resin type’ fake stones in this role , as these are hollow and you’ll soon have more kuhli loaches inside it than out of it .
pangio species are often generically referred to as ‘kuhli’ or ‘coolie’ loaches in the aquarium hobby , the latter a variation of the former which was itself derived from the surname of german naturalist heinrich kuhl ( 1797 - 1821 ) . ichthyologists tend to refer to them as ‘eel loaches’ .
, and a temperature range of 75 – 86 °f ( 24 – 30 °c ) . kuhli loaches are scavengers , so they will eat anything that reaches the bottom . they usually feed at night , but can be taught to feed in the day in the home aquarium .
an outbreak of disease can often be limited to just one or a few fishes if you deal with it at an early stage . when keeping these sensitive types of fish , it is common to catch deteriorating water conditions and disease before other fish are affected . the best way to proactively prevent disease is to give your kuhli loach the proper environment and give them a well balanced diet . the closer to their natural habitat the less stress the fish will have , making them healthier and happy . a stressed fish will is more likely to acquire disease .
hello , i have a yoyo loach problem . i have 2 of them and they were completely happy and playing 2gether , then i had an ich problem with some neons . i used half dosage bc of the loaches the ich was gone but one of the neons died and i saw a loach eating him . then all of a sudden my one loach had a red mouth almost like lipstick . went to lfs did a water sample and they said nothing to be concerned about . they then told me to get melafix the redness has cleared up but the fish is sluggish , and constantly being chased by the other loach . i have not seen him eat and its been almost 2 weeks since i noticed he was not normal . seems as if some of his bristles are shorter then the other one . he def lays down a lot and i know he is not dead bc he keeps popping up and has gill movement . is he a goner or is there something else i can do to help him ? tank is 45 gal , multiple hiding caves , other fish are tetras and dwarf neon rainbows .
hi ! btw thanks for the email about new website . i have 3 kuhli loaches in my 26 gal tank . they rule . but recently i noticed one looked like it was missing its barbel whisker things . i have gravel that’s really dull with no sharp points that would cut them . i had a sandy area but my goldfish out gravel on it when i had pond snails a while ago to eat them . lesson learned - goldies in a planted tank are worse then mayasian trumpet snails ! ! will this be a problem ? ? they come out when the light is off and eat when i’m not there . well , they never eat when i’m looking at them and they don’t seem skinny and the food is gone later . i’m gonna replace the gravel with sand soon . what do you think about my kuhli loach missing his barbels ? ?
interestingly enough , the coolie loach possesses no lateral line . the fins are small , with the dorsal fin located on the lower third of the body , much closer to the tail than the head . quick moving , these loaches prefer to remain in the bottom levels of the tank where they rummage for morsels of food . they are social and prefer the company of others of their own kind . the coolie loach is most active at twilight and at nighttime , both in nature and in the home aquarium , remaining hidden or buried in the sand during the day .
kuhli fish is an “owl” therefore it’s activity can be observed during twilights and at night , it is always hiding . the fish can hardly be seen at day time , especially when it’s kept in a tank alone , however it’s not impossible , if one watches the fish for some time .
in 4 days they start swimming and feeding . loach fish juveniles can be fed with infusorians , rotifers , brine shrimp nauplii or tubifex cut in small pieces . in a month juveniles become about 1 cm long and become striped . acanthophthalmus becomes reproductive at the age of 8 - 12 month .
a total of 25 consignments , each containing different varieties and species of warm water ornamental fish , were sampled between february and april 2008 . fish species and associated carriage waters sampled included , guppies ( poecilia reticulata peters ) , threadfin rainbow ( iriatherina werneri meinken ) , celebes rainbow ( telmatherina ladigesi ahl ) , neon gold barb ( puntius semifasciolatus günther ) , harlequin rasbora ( trigonostigma heteromorpha duncker ) , neon tetra species ( paracheirodon innesi myers and hyphessobrycon herbertaxelrodi géry ) , red wag platy ( xiphophorus maculates ) , kuhli loach ( pangio kuhlii valenciennes ) and silver molly ( poecilia shenops ) .
small light green eggs stick to the plants leaves or fall on the tank bottom . one loach female can lay about 500 - 700 eggs . the fish parent should removed from the tank right after spawning . incubation time of the eggs lasts about 1 day , then small green ich fry appears .
coolie loaches have an eel - like body that is yellow to pink in color , with multiple dark brown bands or stripes that partially or fully encircle the body . the body and stripe color patterns vary based on species and / or subspecies . it is not unusual to purchase an incorrectly named loach .
they also prefer sand for substrate but if sand is not appropriate , smooth stones should be used so that the loach won ' t scratch its body on gravel or stones . sharp edged decorations also woud not be a good idea , with their habit of squeezing into tight places they could get badly scratched .
many fish can be kept as tank mates with the kuhli loach as long as precaution is taken not to include fish that are able to take them for a bite of food . in other words , don ' t keep fish that are big enough to eat them . they scavenge for food mainly at dusk or in the dark as they are nocturnal , and spend most of their time hiding in the substrate , plants and decorations during the day . but with time most of them readily learn to eat during the day time . being scavengers they eat most fish food , however sinking food pellets are preferred as well as live foods , for instance ; bloodworms and brineshrimp . it is recommended to feed them either , just before the lights are turned off for the night or after the lights have been off for a while . dont switch on the lights during the process it may scare the fish back into hiding . this is sometimes done with a flashlight when a curious hobbiest wants to see whats going on when its dark inside the tank , but never shine a flashlight into the tank after the lights have been off for a few hours ! it will put the other fish and maybe the kuhli loach into a state of shock !
this does happen with kuhli loaches , and it ' s often related to tank conditions and water changes . they need soft , slightly acidic water with good movement so that there is also plenty of oxygen . they always have to have very clean water , and it helps if each partial water change is relatively small .
as for sand , it really is the best substrate for these fish . it’s much gentler on their barbells , though you’ll probably be alright with store bought gravel as well ; store bought gravel is coated to give it soft edges , so while it’s not the preferred substrate for kuhli loachs , it will still work .
the kulhi loach is tiny as a worm that grows in a range of 3 to 4 ½ in . ( 7 , 8 to 12 cm . ) long . when in the aquarium , their length is a little smaller . they normally survive up to 10 years and there are reports of them living still longer .
i have 3 kuhli loaches which i purchased about a month ago , they were riddled with white spot but i treated them straight away an look great now , my tanks conditions is as good as i can get them and do regular water changes , well planted , with guppies and 2 bristlenose plecos plenty of hiding places .
it’s not optimal , but as a long as it’s the coated gravel you have in the store , your loaches should be fine . the rest of the setup sounds really good for them , and with kuhli loaches , it’s commonly to only rarely see them during the day . especially with a smaller group like you have .
i ' ve kuhli loaches loaches in my work tank and they are very cute . hardly see them though as they are nocturnal . comes out occasionally when plants are being trimmed or when food being fed . but i doubt they eat hair , brush , or staghorn algae . they defintely scavenge though . they do that all day .
kuhli loaches don’t reach sexual maturity until they are at least 12 to 18 months old . some sources even say they have to be over 2 years old before they are ready to breed for the first time . they spawn as pairs , but it’s best to get a group of adults , and let them pair off and select their own mate .
once that has been completed , the only thing to do is take a wait and see approach . no one seems to know the exact trigger that initiates kuhli loaches spawning . some people speculate that they need a gravel substrate , while others believe that temperature is the key . you can play around with these variables and hopefully something will trigger a successful spawning .
it’s extremely important that any filter used in a tank with kuhli loaches have a covered intake . they are notorious for swimming up uncovered filter intakes and becoming trapped in the filter . if they aren’t discovered quickly , they may be killed by the filter , or slowly starve to death . either way , it won’t be pretty and should be avoided at all costs .
kuhli loaches are peaceful fish and prefer to be kept in schools of 3 or more . because of this fishes beauty , many hobbiest get them straight after the nitrogen cycle has completed . it is , however , not advised to get them for the new aquarium as they are affected by sudden water changes . it is best recommended to wait a month before introducing them to the aquarium .
the eye of the coolie is covered by a thin layer of transparent skin and is hidden in one of the dark bands . below the eyes are a pair of sharp spines that rise if the fish is threatened , making it difficult for a predator to swallow them or for an owner to net them . the mouth of the coolie loach points downward and is surrounded by four pairs of barbels .
i have had two black kuhli loaches for a year and i noticed a month ago that they had babies ! ! ! ! not sure how many there are because they stay hid . does anyone know how many they have at a time ? i asked the pet store and they didn’t know . i saw one of the little ones today an its growing ! ! ! yea so happy ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !
this rather pretty little loach is fairly easy to care for in the home aquarium , needing water that is medium - soft to medium and ph around 6 . 0 to 7 . 0 . it has been known , however , for them to adapt to most water conditions . its region in the tank is the bottom where it browses for food . the temperature should be 75 - 85 f ( 24 - 29 c ) .
thanks ! i was getting worried about my loach , i’m glad they will grow back . and i made a cave for my fish out of non - toxic air dry terra cotta clay . would you recommend a type of coating to make it safe for an aquarium ? ? i though terra cotta clay would be best because flower pots are made of terra cotta and they are usually put in aquariums . what do you think ?
kuhli loaches are really cool ! they love to dash around through the bubble wall , hang from the java ferns like christmas decorations and they are very easy to train to eat from your fingers . we love their unusual shape , their striking colours and most of all that they ' re such hyperactive , funny clowns ! ! they ' ll just dart around for hours and hours and hours , and then suddenly stop and rest .
most common disease that affects this loach is ich . ich is short for ichthyophthirius , also known as
white spot disease
. it is a parasite that can attack nearly all aquarium fishes , but you ' ll find that loaches are often the first to be attacked . take great care in treating ick as loaches are very sensitive to the medications used to treat it . often the dose is half of what is normally used .
hi robert . love your tips on keeping your loach fish happy . i have had a pair of loach , for two weeks now , they are lovely to watch . i am a little concerned about one of them , he’s hiding alot , but when they feed the two of them may seem to be dancing a round together up and down the tank . this morning i noticed one was on his side and moving his fins very fast , i helped him to lay on his tummy , he swam to the top of the tank , had a little swim then flouted to the bottom again . and now he’s been there for a while up right . i have fresh plants in my tank , rocks in my tank , but no caves . i am feeding them flakes also i have live snails in my tank . what else can i do to help them , water fine .
something else to keep in mind when setting up an aquarium for kuhli loaches , is that you can further reduce any stress by providing them with a soft substrate that they can burrow into . one of the more popular choices for substrate is play sand , which is attractive , clean and best of all – cheap . it’s far cheaper than any of the gravel offered in a fish stores ( most of which look like clown puke anyways ) .
pangio kuhlii is one of the two dozen species of kuhlis , a number of which closely resemble each other . pangio kuhlii sumatranus and pangio kuhlii myersi are subspecies that have been described based on differences in coloration and markings . p . sumatuanus ( also known as the sumatra kuhli ) has fewer and darker bands than pangio kuhlii . sporting even wider bands is pangio kuhlii myersi . pangio kuhlii remains the most popular and readily available of the coolie loaches .
i just purchased my first loach , i bought 3 . i only see 2 at any given time . i have a 20 gallon tank with small comminity fish . i have gravel , as i hate sand ( had it and couldnt stand it ) . will they ge ok with the gravel ? i have lots of real plants , a cave , driftwood , and tubes for hiding . im just worried about the gravel . any advice ? thanks !


the annandale 's guitarfish ( rhinobatos annandalei ) is a type of ray .

it is found in the indian ocean around india , pakistan , sri lanka and possibly the persian gulf .

it is predominantly found in the marine waters , but also enters the brackish waters and freshwater rivers as well .

it reaches a length of approximately 56 cm .

they are ovoviviparous fishes .

rhinobatos annandalei

citation :
annandale ' s guitarfishes , rhinobatos annandalei ~ marinebio . org .
marinebio conservation society . web . accessed monday , july 9 , 2018 . < urltoken > . last update : 1 / 14 / 2013 2 : 22 : 00 pm ~ contributor ( s ) : marinebio
( of rhinobatus annandalei norman , 1926 ) froese , r . & d . pauly ( editors ) . ( 2018 ) . fishbase . world wide web electronic publication . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
research rhinobatos annandalei » barcode of life ~ bioone ~ biodiversity heritage library ~ cites ~ cornell macaulay library [ audio / video ] ~ encyclopedia of life ( eol ) ~ esa online journals ~ fishbase ~ florida museum of natural history ichthyology department ~ gbif ~ google scholar ~ itis ~ iucn redlist ( threatened status ) ~ marine species identification portal ~ ncbi ( pubmed , genbank , etc . ) ~ ocean biogeographic information system ~ plos ~ siris ~ tree of life web project ~ unep - wcmc species database ~ worms
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thank you for taking the time to provide feedback on the iucn red list of threatened species website , we are grateful for your input .
eschmeyer , w . n . , fricke , r . and van der laan , r . ( eds ) . 2016 . catalog of fishes : genera , species , references . updated 29 september 2016 . available at : urltoken . ( accessed : 29 september 2016 ) .
eastern central and southeast atlantic : this species was first described from accra , ghana ( norman 1930 ) and is reported from southern senegal to angola ( schneider 1990 , bianchi 1986 , séret in press ) .
it has never been abundant but nowadays it has become evidently rare , taken in fisheries on an increasingly rare basis ( b . séret pers . obs . 2008 ) .
an inshore guitarfish occurring in shallow coastal waters to about 35 m depth ( schneider 1990 ) . maximum size is about 80 cm total length ( tl ) and the species commonly reaches 60 cm tl ( schneider 1990 ) . males mature at about 46 cm tl , females at about 52 cm tl , size at birth about 15 cm tl . ovoviviparous with litters of 2 - 3 pups ; a sluggish bottom - dweller feeding on benthic invertebrates mainly shrimps ( séret in press ) .
flesh consumed fresh , dried , salted and smoked . fins probably utilized for the international shark fin trade .
there are no known conservation measures in place for this species . recommended : efforts should be made to quantify catch levels and determine population trends , which will require capacity - building , education and training programmes . measures to protect and restore this species habitat would also be beneficial , such as identification and management of marine protected areas to conserve nursery grounds . research is needed on the species ' life - history characteristics . the development and implementation of management plans ( national and / or regional e . g . , under the fao international plan of action for the conservation and management of sharks : ipoa - sharks ) are required to facilitate the conservation and management of all elasmobranch species in the region . a seasonal ban on the targeted exploitation of this species elsewhere within the west african region would decrease the rate of capture of reproductively active individuals ( m . ducrocq pers . comm . 2006 ) . a ban on finning and the dumping of carcasses should be considered , as this would represent the most effective method of decreasing the fishing pressure on this species . otherwise , the implementation of licences for targeted and non targeted shark fishing and finning and a tax system on shark fins are recommended as measures to control the fishing pressure impacting this species .
to make use of this information , please check the < terms of use > .
greek , rhinos = nose + greek , batis , - idos = a ray ( raja sp . ) ( ref . 45335 )
maturity : l m ? range ? - ? cm max length : 56 . 0 cm sl male / unsexed ; ( ref . 47613 )
occurs mainly in the marine environment , but also enters the lower reaches of rivers . ovoviviparous ( ref . 50449 ) .
exhibit ovoviparity ( aplacental viviparity ) , with embryos feeding initially on yolk , then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus , fat or protein through specialised structures ( ref . 50449 ) .
talwar , p . k . and a . g . jhingran , 1991 . inland fishes of india and adjacent countries . vol 1 . a . a . balkema , rotterdam . 541 p . ( ref . 4832 )
phylogenetic diversity index ( ref . 82805 ) : pd 50 = 0 . 5000 [ uniqueness , from 0 . 5 = low to 2 . 0 = high ] .
bayesian length - weight : a = 0 . 00316 ( 0 . 00159 - 0 . 00631 ) , b = 3 . 11 ( 2 . 93 - 3 . 29 ) , in cm total length , based on lwr estimates for this ( sub ) family - body shape ( ref . 93245 ) .
trophic level ( ref . 69278 ) : 3 . 7 ±0 . 4 se ; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
resilience ( ref . 69278 ) : low , minimum population doubling time 4 . 5 - 14 years ( fec assumed to be < 100 ) .
vulnerability ( ref . 59153 ) : moderate to high vulnerability ( 47 of 100 ) .
norman , j . r . 1926 . a synopsis of the rays of the family rhinobatidae , with a revision of the genus rhinobatus . proceedings of the general meetings for scientific business of the zoological society of london 1926 1926 ( 4 ) : 941 - 982 .
indian ocean : india , sri lanka , pakistan and also possibly from the gulf ( talwar and jhingran 1991 , bianchi 1985 , assadi and dehghani 1997 , vossoughi and vosoughi 1999 ) .
no information is currently available on the habitat or biology of this guitarfish . maximum total length is reported at approximately 56 cm ( assadi and dehghani 1997 ) .
this species is presumably taken in a variety of fisheries ; including demersal trawls , gillnets , trammelnets and setnets operating within its range , but no information is available on its capture .
none in place . information on the full distribution , occurrence , life - history parameters and threats are required to make a full assessment of this species threat status .
a synopsis of the rays of the family rhinobatidae , with a revision of the genus rhinobatus .
norman , 1926 : in : database of modern sharks , rays and chimaeras , www . shark - references . com , world wide web electronic publication , version 07 / 2018
host - parasite list / parasite - host list ( version : 01 . 04 . 2015 ) 544 pp , 5 , 37 mb new !
confused by a class within a class or an order within an order ? please see our brief essay .
to cite this page : myers , p . , r . espinosa , c . s . parr , t . jones , g . s . hammond , and t . a . dewey . 2018 . the animal diversity web ( online ) . accessed at https : / / animaldiversity . org .
disclaimer : the animal diversity web is an educational resource written largely by and for college students . adw doesn ' t cover all species in the world , nor does it include all the latest scientific information about organisms we describe . though we edit our accounts for accuracy , we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts . while adw staff and contributors provide references to books and websites that we believe are reputable , we cannot necessarily endorse the contents of references beyond our control .
this material is based upon work supported by the national science foundation grants drl 0089283 , drl 0628151 , due 0633095 , drl 0918590 , and due 1122742 . additional support has come from the marisla foundation , um college of literature , science , and the arts , museum of zoology , and information and technology services .
occurs mainly in the marine environment , but also enters the lower reaches of rivers . ovoviviparous ( ref . 50449 ) .
eol content is automatically assembled from many different content providers . as a result , from time to time you may find pages on eol that are confusing .
to request an improvement , please leave a comment on the page . thank you !
the webpage text is licensed under a creative commons attribution - noncommercial 4 . 0 license
froese , r . & d . pauly ( editors ) . ( 2018 ) . fishbase . world wide web electronic publication . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
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this home page section for this species is currently being developed and will be completed asap ! if you would like to help out or know of a great video , photo or site about this species , let us know and we ' ll notify you as soon as it is finished . our current project plan is to have all marine species home pages finished before christmas this year . if you ' d like to find out more about our ongoing projects here at marinebio , check out our marinebio projects page .
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special publication of the center for biodiversity research and information , no . 1 , vol 1 - 3
disclaimer : itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available , and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties . however , it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes . while every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and up - to - date information available , ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in provisions of treaties to which the united states is a party , wildlife statutes , regulations , and any applicable notices that have been published in the federal register . for further information on u . s . legal requirements with respect to protected taxa , please contact the u . s . fish and wildlife service .
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bor , p . h . f . ( 2002 ) nederlandse naamlijst van de recente haaien en roggen ( chondrichthyes : elasmobranchii ) van de wereld . : world wide web electronic publication www . rajidae . tmfweb . nl , version ( 05 / 2002 ) .
chinese academy of fishery sciences ( 2003 ) chinese aquatic germplasm resources database . : urltoken
compagno , l . j . v . ( 1999 ) checklist of living elasmobranchs . : p . 471 - 498 . in w . c . hamlett ( ed . ) sharks , skates , and rays : the biology of elasmobranch fishes . johns hopkins university press , maryland .
de bruin , g . h . p . , b . c . russell and a . bogusch ( 1995 ) fao species identification field guide for fishery purposes . the marine fishery resources of sri lanka . : rome , fao . 400 p .
eschmeyer , william n . , ed . , 1998 : catalog of fishes . special publication of the center for biodiversity research and information , no . 1 , vol 1 - 3 . 2905 .
fao - fies ( 2017 ) aquatic sciences and fisheries information system ( asfis ) species list . : retrievef from urltoken ( accessed 08 / 06 / 2017 ) .
froese , r . & d . pauly ( editors ) . ( 2018 ) . fishbase . world wide web electronic publication .
talwar , p . k . and a . g . jhingran ( 1991 ) inland fishes of india and adjacent countries . vol 1 . : a . a . balkema , rotterdam . 541 p .
wu , h . l . , k . - t . shao and c . f . lai ( eds . ) ( 1999 ) latin - chinese dictionary of fishes names . : the sueichan press , taiwan . 1028 p .