the plumbeous tyrant ( knipolegus cabanisi ) is a species of bird in the family tyrannidae .

it is found in southeastern peru , western bolivia and northern argentina .

its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests .

this and the jelski 's black tyrant are sometimes considered conspecific , in which case , the bird is then usually referred to as the andean tyrant .

plumbeous tyrant

nobody uploaded sound recordings for plumbeous black - tyrant ( knipolegus cabanisi ) yet .
2c . called
pinto ' s tyrant - manakin
in meyer de schauensee ( 1966 ) and
serra tyrant - manakin
in snow ( 2004b ) .
johnson ' s tody - tyrant
also adopted by fitzpatrick ( 2004 ) .
did not change from
tody - flycatcher
to
tody - tyrant .
22c . called
olive - crowned pygmy - tyrant
in wetmore ( 1972 ) .
49a . called
light - eyed pygmy - tyrant
in wetmore ( 1972 ) .
the arrangement of the knipolegus black - tyrants is based on hosner and moyle ( 2012 ) and fjeldså et al . ( 2018 ) . since eumyiobius would be embedded in knipolegus , it has been merged into knipolegus . hosner and moyle ' s results provide support for treating caatinga black - tyrant , knipolegus franciscanus , as a separate species from white - winged black - tyrant , knipolegus aterrimus , and also plumbeous tyrant , knipolegus cabanisi , separate from jelski ' s black - tyrant , knipolegus signatus .
44a . called
sharp - tailed grass - tyrant
by ridgely & tudor ( 1994 ) .
i have split the blackish chat - tyrant , ochthoeca nigrita , and maroon - belted chat - tyrant , ochthoeca thoracica , from the slaty - backed chat - tyrant , ochthoeca cinnamomeiventris , based on a combination of fjeldså et al . ( 2018 ) , ridgely and greenfield ( 2001 ) , hilty ( 2003 ) , and garcia - moreno et al . ( 1998 ) .
45b . called
white - breasted pygmy - tyrant
in meyer de schauensee ( 1966 ) and parker et al . ( 1982 ) .
by traylor ( 1977 , 1979a ) . thus , it was renamed
fork - tailed tody - tyrant
by ridgely & tudor ( 1994 ) .
passed to make the english name
johnson ' s tody - tyrant
, in honor of its recently deceased describer , ned . k . johnson .
, and considered them conspecific , but noted that they might also be considered separate species , as also noted by ridgely & tudor ( 1994 ) . sibley & monroe ( 1990 ) considered them conspecific and coined the name
andean tyrant
for the composite species , and this was followed by ridgely & tudor ( 1994 ) and fitzpatrick ( 2004 ) ; fjeldså & krabbe ( 1990 ) also considered them conspecific but used
plumbeous tyrant ,
but see ridgely & tudor ( 1994 ) for reasons not to use that english name .
62c . johnson and jones suggested
lulu ' s tody - tyrant
for the english name . the logical
rufous - headed
is already in use in
hosner & moyle ( 2012 ) recommended use of the english name caatinga black - tyrant because it was already the most frequently used name for the taxon when treated as a species .
del hoyo , j . , collar , n . & kirwan , g . m . ( 2018 ) . plumbeous black - tyrant ( knipolegus cabanisi ) . in : del hoyo , j . , elliott , a . , sargatal , j . , christie , d . a . & de juana , e . ( eds . ) . handbook of the birds of the world alive . lynx edicions , barcelona . ( retrieved from urltoken on 9 july 2018 ) .
83a . called
cinnamon tyrant - manakin
in sibley & monroe ( 1990 ) ,
cinnamon tyrant
in mobley & prum ( 1995 ) , fitzpatrick ( 2004 ) , and schulenberg et al . ( 2007 ) , and
cinnamon neopipo
in ridgely & greenfield ( 2001 ) and hilty ( 2003 ) , thus perhaps setting a new temporal record for lack of stability in an english name .
the andean tyrant is a montane flycatcher in low andean woodlands . they are found from peru south along the east slope of the andes through bolivia into northern argentina , where the species might be most abundant . males are dark slaty to black with red irides and white edging to some wing feathers , while females are dull - eyed and brownish above and whitish below with a rusty rump and edging to the tail feathers . male andean tyrants display for females by making a high whirring arc flight into the air . the white - winged black - tyrant is fairly similar to andean tyrant , but is found in more open habitats and has more obvious white in the wings ( males ) .
36 . formerly ( e . g . , meyer de schauensee 1970 ) called
yellow - bellied bristle - tyrant
; see ridgely & tudor ( 1994 ) for reasons for the need for their new english name for this species .
do form a distinctive group within the genus and thus the english name bristle - tyrant is retained for them , following ridgely & tudor ( 1994 ) . hilty & brown ( 1986 ) , ridgely & greenfield ( 2001 ) , hilty ( 2003 ) , and fitzpatrick ( 2004 ) retained
in recent years considered conspecific with k . signatus , although in earlier times the two were even placed in different genera . molecular # r and morphological data support treatment as separate species , present form differing in its blue - grey ( dark - tipped ) vs blackish bill in male ( 3 ) ; overall slightly paler , plumbeous plumage in male ( ns [ 1 ] ) ; much brighter rufous uppertail - coverts in female ( 2 ) ; and much buffier wingbars in female ( 2 ) . described form “ k . subflammulatus ” now known to refer to immature male plumage of present species . monotypic .
although ohlson et al . ( 2013 ) estimate that the tyrannidae have been a separate lineage since roughly 25 - 30 million years ago ( mid - oligocene ) , the current diversification of the group dates to the last 20 million years . the tyrant flycatchers remain among the most difficult to classify and identify , full of cryptic species . some flycatchers are so cryptic that there remains controversy about whether 1 or 2 species are involved , such as the the cordilleran and pacific - slope flycatchers .
the second branch is the chat - tyrant clade unofficially called ochthoecini . fjeldså et al . confirm the arrangment of genera . silvicultrix is separated from ochthoeca ( see garcía - moreno and arctander , 1998 ) and several of the former myiophobus are temporarily designated “myiophobus” ( years later , we still await a proper name ) . moreover , tumbezia has been merged into ochthoeca , with ohlson et al . ( 2013 ) pushing me over the line on this . there is still some guesswork in the arrangement of this group , but at the generic level is agrees with lanyon ( 1986 ) .
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del hoyo , j . , collar , n . j . , christie , d . a . , elliott , a . , fishpool , l . d . c . , boesman , p . and kirwan , g . m . 2016 . hbw and birdlife international illustrated checklist of the birds of the world . volume 2 : passerines . lynx edicions and birdlife international , barcelona , spain and cambridge , uk .
justification : this species has a very large range , and hence does not approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the range size criterion ( extent of occurrence < 20 , 000 km2 combined with a declining or fluctuating range size , habitat extent / quality , or population size and a small number of locations or severe fragmentation ) . the population trend appears to be stable , and hence the species does not approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the population trend criterion ( > 30 % decline over ten years or three generations ) . the population size has not been quantified , but it is not believed to approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the population size criterion ( < 10 , 000 mature individuals with a continuing decline estimated to be > 10 % in ten years or three generations , or with a specified population structure ) . for these reasons the species is evaluated as least concern .
the global population size has not been quantified , but the pre - split species has been described as ' uncommon ' ( stotz et al . 1996 ) . trend justification : this population is suspected to be stable in the absence of evidence for any declines or substantial threats .
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at 23 , 54 , 103 , and 157 seconds . a cow in the background .
drr - pit while shooting 2 m up and down again displaying white wing patch . tape ref . ( b 20 - 24 )
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) , in neotropical birds online ( t . s . schulenberg , editor ) . cornell lab of ornithology , ithaca , ny , usa . retrieved from neotropical birds online :
hbw alive contains information on descriptive notes , voice , habitat , food and feeding , breeding , movements , status and conservation plus a list of bibliographical references for this species account .
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jacob . wijpkema , tomas grim , ken simonite , héctor bernardo fernández , lars petersson , josep del hoyo , miguel andina , silvia vitale , rich bayldon , manakincarmelo .
se peru ( e cuzco , n puno ) , se bolivia ( cochabamba , santa cruz , tarija ) and nw argentina ( jujuy s to tucumán and se catamarca ) .
, especially in shorter bill , overall more dark slate - grey , wings and tail dusky , inner webs of . . .
usually quiet . male utters “tec” or “tchick” call , also makes wing - whirring noise , during display ( . . .
interior of lower growth of humid montane forest and woodland , less frequently at borders ; also . . .
little known . insects . usually inconspicuous and quiet ; also generally solitary , and does not follow mixed - species flocks . perches upright . . .
eggs in oct–jan in argentina ( tucumán and jujuy ) ; female in breeding condition in mid nov , another with brood patch in late dec and one . . .
not globally threatened ( least concern ) . uncommon to locally fairly common . rare and very poorly known in peru ; fairly common in argentina and parts of bolivia . occurs in . . .
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highly speciose family , herein divided into nine subfamilies ( with ten tribes ) ; recent studies # r # r suggest that the first four listed ( platyrinchinae , pipritinae , tachurisinae , pipromorphinae ) are sister to rest of family , and may merit treatment as 1–4 separate families .
together with lessonia and hymenops forms a well - supported clade # r # r which was previously also considered to include pyrocephalus # r .
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even though they have been reduced from their traditional size , mainly by losing the rhynchocyclidae , the tyrannidae remain the largest of the suboscine families the tyrannidae include about one quarter of all of the suboscines .
the new slimmed - down tyrannidae have a simpler structure than the old tyrannidae . there are three major and two minor clades designated as subfamilies . the first subamily is hirundineinae . this is a small subfamily containing only 6 species . ohlson et al . ( 2008 ) considered this group closest to the tyranninae and fluvicolinae . in contrast , fjeldså et al . ( 2018 ) and tello et al . ( 2009 ) found them sister to the elaeniinae . rheindt et al . ' s ( 2008a ) data put them in a more basal position , sister to the combined elaeniinae , tyranninae , and fluvicolinae . for now , i ' m following ohlson et al . ( 2013 ) which puts them in a basal trichotomy with the elaeniinae and a clade containing the other three subfamilies . note that the three former myiophobus included in this subfamily are not closely related to the rest of myiophobus . they have been given a new genus name , nephelomyias , by ohlsson et al . ( 2009 ) .
the second subfamily contains the elaenias ( elaeniinae ) . it has two major branches : euscarthmini and elaeniini . ohlson et al . ( 2008 ) and tello et al . ( 2009 ) find very similar results for the euscarthmini . rheindt et al . ( 2008a ) is a bit different , but not very strongly so . sixteen species of phyllomyias tyrannulets are separated from the main phyllomyias group ( part of elaeniini ) and placed variously in the revived genera tyranniscus and xanthomyias . i ' ve also included five tyrannulets from mercocerculus in xanthomyias . it ' s not clear whether these two groups are sisters or nested , and it seemed best to treat them as one genus for now . this reduces mercocerculus itself to a single species which belongs in elaeniini .
the arrangement of species within zimmerius is based on rheindt et al . ( 2008c , 2013 ) . based on rheindt et al . ( 2013 ) , mistletoe tyrannulet , zimmerius parvus , specious tyrannulet , zimmerius improbus ( inc . tamae ) , and venezuelan tyrannulet , zimmerius petersi , are split from paltry tyrannulet , zimmerius vilissimus .
coopmans ' s tyrannulet , zimmerius minimus , comprising minimus and cumanensis has somewhat speculatively been split from golden - faced tyrannulet , zimmerius chrysops , based on comments in rheindt et al . , ( 2013 ) . i continue include the loja tyrannulet , zimmerius flavidifrons . rheindt et al . , ( 2014 ) describe a mosiac population that is linked to both the golden - faced and peruvian tyrannulets . it includes flavidifrons and an undescribed peruvian population and may end up being lumped in with the peruvian tyrannulet . thus the old chrysops with 5 subspecies has been divided among coopmans ' s , choco , golden - faced , and loja tyrannulets . finally , chico ' s tyrannulet , zimmerius chicomendesi , newly described by whitney et al . , ( 2013c ) , has been added to the list .
the situation in the elaeniini is rather complicated , with different analyses giving quite different results . there are five groups , and once again , i rely on the multi - gene analysis of ohlson et al . ( 2013 ) to resolve their order . the clades start with ( 1 ) the tyrannulus and the myiopagis elaenias and ( 2 ) the elaenia elaenias . these form a trichotomy with a clade consisting of the remaining three groups : ( 3 ) suiriri ; ( 4 ) the capsiempis - phyllomyias group ; and ( 5 ) the pseudelaenia - serpophaga group . see ericson et al . ( 2006b ) , ohlson et al . ( 2008 ) , rheindt et al . ( 2008a ) , and tello et al . ( 2009 ) for alternative treatments .
the chapada flycatcher , suiriri affinis , is unrelated to the other suiriri taxa and has been moved to fluvicolini .
zucker et al . ( 2016 ) found that nesotriccus is embedded in phaeomyias and that both are very closely related to phyllomyias . accordingly , i have merged nesotriccus ( cocos flycatcher ) and phaeomyias into phyllomyias . it would not be unreasonable to go a step further and merge the monotypic capsiempis with phyllomyias . however , both names have equal priority and need a first reviser action to decide between them . since there ' s not a strong need to merge them , it can wait .
also based on zucker et al . ( 2016 ) , the mouse - colored tyrannulet , formerly phaeomyias murina , has been split into amazonian mouse - colored tyrannulet , phyllomyias murinus , including wagae , and northern mouse - colored tyrannulet , phyllomyias incomtus , including eremonomus .
straneck ' s tyrannulet / gray - crowned tyrannulet , serpophaga griseicapilla , has had a somewhat checkered history . it was previously referred to as serpophaga griseiceps , but the type of griseiceps was actually a juvenile of s . munda ( herzog and mazur barnett , 2004 ) . straneck ( 2007 ) gave it the name s . griseiceps . it has also been referred to as gray - crowned tyrannulet , and monte tyrannulet .
the treatment of tyranninae follows ohlson et al . ( 2013 ) , which analyses all of the genes considered in both ohlson et al . ( 2008 ) and tello et al . ( 2009 ) . within tyranninae , the attilas are basal , followed by the piratic flycatcher ( legatus ) , and the ramphotrigon flatbills ( including deltarhynchus ) . the remainder of tyranninae is divided into a myiarchus group and a kingbird group . there were some differences between ohlson et al . ( 2008 ) and tello et al . ( 2009 ) . i ' m following the resolution of these differences proposed in ohlson et al . ( 2013 ) , but we should keep in mind that some of the genes are telling incongruent stories and that additional information may change some of the details .
is its closest relative . they are sister species in tello et al . ( 2009 ) , but the support is not great and chaves et al . ( 2008 ) has them separated . i ' ve also separated the fork - tailed flycatcher in
based on tello et al . ( 2009 ) . once it is out of
is based on joseph et al . ( 2004 ) and sari and parker ( 2012 ) . they both note some issues within
. they may represent incompelete lineage sorting , species boundaries that need to be redrawn , or even cryptic species . one such involves la sagra ' s and stolid flycatchers , which seem to be mutually paraphyletic ( joseph et al . 2004 ) . other such problems exist for
also within the myiarchus group , sirystes , sirystes sibilator has been split into : sibilant sirystes , sirystes sibilator , white - rumped sirystes , sirystes albocinereus , todd ' s sirystes , sirystes subcanescens , and choco sirystes , sirystes albogriseus , based on donegan ( 2013 ) .
based on garrido et al . ( 2009 ) , the loggerhead kingbird has been split into three species : western loggerhead kingbird , tyrannus caudifasciatus , hispaniolan kingbird , tyrannus gabbii , and puerto rican kingbird , tyrannus taylori . the three are easily distinguished by their calls , or with a little care , by their plumage .
i now follow fjeldså et al . ( 2018 ) for the fluvicolinae , in preference to ohlson et al . ( 2013 ) . in contrast , ohlson et al . ( 2008 ) and tello et al . ( 2009 ) obtain different concerning the fluvicolinae , with tello et al . much closer to the more recent ohlson et al . ( 2013 ) . in particular , i use fjeldså et al . to position colonia and ( true ) myiophobus , hoping that the denser taxon sampling does the trick .
i now split the fluvicolinae into four tribes , corresponding to fjeldså ' s clades a through d .
the fluvicolini come first . there ' s been some minor rearrangement and a few additions . following fjeldså et al . ( 2018 ) , i ' ve included colonia here , as well as the black - and - white monjita , now called heteroxolmis dominicanus , previously in genus xolmis . there is one other addition . the chapada flycatcher , formerly suiriri affinis ( not s . islerorum , see kirwan et al . , 2014a ) is not related to suiriri . rather , lopes et al . ( 2018 ) found it is sister to sublegatus . lopes et al . established a new genus for it , guyramemua , so the chapada flycatcher becomes guyramemua affine and moves from elaeniini to fluvicolini .
also , based on carmi et al . ( 2016 ) , the vermilion flycatcher , formerly pyrocephalus rubinus , has been split into four species :
the contopini follow cicero and johnson ( 2002 ) , ohlson et al . ( 2008 , 2013 ) and tello et al . ( 2009 ) telling the same basic story . the only real disagreement concerns whether sayornis and mitrephanes are sister taxa . note also that the true myiophobus are basal in contipini . finally , empidonax taxonomy follows cicero and johnson ( 2002 ) and johnson and cicero ( 2002 ) . however , fjeldså et al . ( 2018 ) have called this into question . their phylogenies suggest that empidonax is not monophyletic . support for this is weak , but further data may force a change here .
the treatment of the xolmini now follows fjeldså et al . ( 2018 ) , replacing ohlson et al . ( 2013 ) , the very similar tello et al . ( 2009 ) and the slightly different ohlson et al . ( 2008 ) .
the more complete taxon sampling by fjeldså et al . has forced a split - up of the genus xolmis . besides sending the black - and - white monjita to the fluvicolini ( heteroxolmis ) , the fire - eyed diucon , now pyrope pyrope , moves to pyrope . i ' ve also moved the black - crowned monjita , neoxolmis coronatus , rusty - backed monjita , neoxolmis rubetra , and salinas monjita , neoxolmis salinarum , to neoxolmis from xolmis . finally , the gray monjita , now nengetus cinereus , has been placed in nengetus ( swainson 1827 ) . it had historically been in the genus taenioptera ( bonaparte 1825 ) , of which it is the type . however , although bonaparte alluded to taenioptera as a subgenus in 1825 , he did not actually establish the name until 1831 . thus nengetus has priority .
the order in anairetes and uromyias is based on dubay and witt ( 2012 ) and roy et al . ( 1999 ) . dubay and witt use additional genetic information to argue that the two uromyias species ( agilis and agraphia ) form a clade sister to the rest of anairetes , contrary to the conclusions of roy et al . ( 1999 ) . whether to treat them as one genus or two is a matter of opinion . the sacc has endorsed using two genera .
[ relationships of family , sequence of genera ] [ add subfamilies ? ] . sibley & ahlquist ( 1985 , 1990 ) found that the tyrannidae consisted of two major groups , the
mionectidae
for
and several genera of small flycatchers placed in the subfamily elaeniinae ( sensu traylor 1979a ) ; sibley & ahlquist ' s data also indicated that the
mionectidae
and tyrannidae were not sister groups .
subsequent analyses ( s . lanyon 1985 , w . lanyon 1988a , b ) did not support such a division . however , chesser ( 2004 ) found the same deep division in the tyrannidae , but found that the two groups were sisters . tello et al . ( 2009 ) found that
for detailed discussions of relationships among genera , see traylor ( 1977 ) and w . lanyon ( 1985 , 1986 , 1988a , 1988b , 1988c ) . [
broad definition of phyllomyias , he noted that this genus is likely polyphyletic , with p . fasciatus , p . griseocapilla , and p . griseiceps possibly forming a group unrelated to the other species , which would force minimally the resurrection of tyranniscus ( see note 6 ) .
on described vocal differences ; this treatment returns to earlier ones ( cory & hellmayr 1927 , zimmer 1941c , phelps & phelps 1950a ) that treated the two as separate before meyer de schauensee ' s ( 1966 , 1970 ) and traylor ' s ( 1977 < ? > , 1979a ) classifications . stiles & skutch ( 1989 ) further recognized andean birds as a separate species ,
, returning to the classification of ( ref ) . elevation of these taxa to species rank was not followed by fitzpatrick ( 2004 ) due to lack of published analyses of vocal differences or other data .
, were formerly ( e . g . , cory & hellmayr 1927 , zimmer 1941b ,
3a . phyllomyias reiseri and p . virescens were considered conspecific by cory & hellmayr ( 1927 ) , meyer de schauensee ( 1970 ) , and traylor ( 1977 < ? > , 1979a , 1982 ) , but see zimmer ( 1955 ) , meyer de schauensee ( 1966 ) , stotz ( 1990 ) , and hayes ( 1995 ) ; they form a superspecies ( sibley & monroe 1990 ) , along with p . urichi ( fitzpatrick 2004 ) .
4 . [ split from virescens ; silva ( 1996 ) . ] ; followed by fitzpatrick ( 2004 ) .
6 . the species nigrocapillus , cinereiceps , and uropygialis were formerly ( e . g . , ridgway 1907 , cory & hellmayr 1927 , zimmer 1941b , phelps & phelps 1950a , meyer de schauensee 1970 ) placed in a separate genus , tyranniscus , but they were transferred to phyllomyias by traylor ( 1977 , 1979a ) . <
were formerly ( e . g . , zimmer 1941c , meyer de schauensee 1970 ) placed in a separate genus ,
7a . the tarsal morphology of tyrannulus has been interpreted to indicate that it belongs in the cotingidae ( ridgway 1907 ) . traylor ( 1977 ) considered tyrannulus most closely related to myiopagis because of plumage similarities to m . gaimardii .
was formerly ( e . g . , cory & hellmayr 1927 ) included in
; zimmer ( 1941b ) treated the two as separate , and this has been followed in all subsequent classifications .
7c . hilty ( 2003 ) suspected that myiopagis caniceps might not belong in that genus , but rheindt et al . ( 2009 ) confirmed that it belongs there .
known only from the type specimen from goiás , brazil , and formerly considered a valid species ( e . g . ,
genetic data ( rheindt et al . 2009 , cuervo et al . 2014 ) reveal that
recent genetic data ( rheindt et al . 2009 , tello et al . 2009 ) confirm this placement .
7e .
serpophaga berliozi ,
described as a valid species from amazonas , peru , is now considered a synonym of myiopagis g . gaimardii ( meyer de schauensee 1966 , mayr 1971 , traylor 1979a ) .
8 . described since meyer de schauensee ( 1970 ) : coopmans & krabbe ( 2000 ) .
8b . myiopagis viridicata and m . cotta of jamaica are sister species ( fitzpatrick 2004 ) .
8c . hilty ( 2003 ) suspected that myiopagis viridicata might consist of more than one species ; genetic data ( rheindt et al . 2009 ) indicate a very deep split between cis - and trans - andean populations .
8d . fitzpatrick ( 2004 ) suggested that elaenia martinica and e . chiriquensis were sister species .
8e . olrog ( 1963 ) suggested that elaenia spectabilis should be considered conspecific with e . flavogaster .
8ee . genetic data ( rheindt et al . 2008a ) indicate that the traditional linear sequence of
species , as given here , does not accurately reflect phylogenetic relationships among taxa .
8f . fitzpatrick ( 2004 ) suggested that elaenia flavogaster and e . gigas were closely related based on vocal , behavioral , and plumage similarities , but genetic data ( rheindt et al . 2008a ) indicate that they are not closely related .
9 . elaenia ridleyana was formerly ( e . g . , zimmer 1941a , meyer de schauensee 1970 , traylor 1979a ) considered a subspecies of e . spectabilis or of e . chiriquensis ( cory & hellmayr 1927 ) ; treated here as a species separate from following sick ( 1985 ) and ridgely & tudor ( 1994 ) ; e . ridleyana forms a superspecies with e . spectabilis ( sibley & monroe 1990 ) .
might be closely related ; they may hybridize to an uncertain extent in n . peru ( fjeldså & krabbe 1990 ) . rheindt et al . ( 2008a ) found that andean populations ( cuzco ) were genetically more similar to sympatric populations of
but suggested that this could be due to gene flow between them . rheindt et al . ( 2009 ) provided evidence that the subspecies
10a . elaenia frantzii and e . obscura were considered to form a superspecies by aou ( 1983 ) but not by subsequent authors ; they were formerly ( e . g . , cory & hellmayr 1927 ) considered conspecific ; zimmer ( 1941a ) provided rationale for their treatment as separate species , and this has been followed in most subsequent classifications . genetic data ( rheindt et al . 2008a ) indicate that they are not closely related . fitzpatrick ( 2004 ) suggested that e . dayi might also be closely related to these two ; genetic data ( rheindt et al . 2008 ) indicate that e . dayi and e . obscura are sister species .
10c . sibley & monroe ( 1990 ) considered elaenia albiceps and e . parvirostris to form a superspecies . genetic data ( rheindt et al . 2008a ) indicate that they are not closely related . although they seem to intergrade in some areas of central bolivia , they are sympatric without interbreeding in argentina ( traylor 1982 ) .
10cc . zimmer ( 1941a ) proposed that elaenia cristata and e . ruficeps were probably sister species based on morphology and habitat similarities , and this is strongly supported by genetic data ( rheindt et al . 2008a ) .
10d . the subspecies modesta was formerly ( ref ) considered a separate species from elaenia albiceps , but see zimmer ( 1941a ) . jaramillo ( 2003 ) suggested that e . albiceps consists of more than one species .
10e . the subspecies tyleri of cerro duida was described as a separate species from elaenia dayi ( chapman 1929 ) .
of the tepui region was formerly ( e . g . , cory & hellmayr 1927 ) considered a separate species from
, but they were treated as conspecific by zimmer ( 1941a ) . genetic data ( rheindt et al . 2008a , 2009 ) indicate that
10g . elaenia pallatangae and e . albiceps may hybridize to an uncertain extent in ecuador and n . peru ( fitzpatrick 2004 , fjeldså & krabbe 1990 ) .
, but slud ( 1964 ) noted vocal differences between the two and recommended treatment as separate species . this has been followed by most subsequent classifications ( e . g . , wetmore 1972 , traylor 1977 < ? > , 1979a , stiles & skutch 1989 , fitzpatrick 2004 ) , thus returning to the classification of cory & hellmayr ( 1927 ) ; they constitute a superspecies ( aou 1983 , 1998 , sibley & monroe 1990 , fitzpatrick 2004 ) .
correct spelling for species name is brunneicapillus , not brunneicapillum ( david & gosselin 2002a ) .
has been interpreted to indicate that it belongs in the cotingidae ( ridgway 1907 ) .
genetic data ( tello et al . 2009 ) indicate that it is the sister to
; this has been followed by most subsequent classifications ( e . g . , traylor < ? > 1977 , 1979 , ridgely & tudor 1994 , fitzpatrick 2004 ) , but wetmore ( 1972 ) maintained
on the basis of differences in primary shape , rectrix shape , and relative tail length .
forms a superspecies with middle american c . imberbe ( aou 1983 , 1998 , fitzpatrick 2004 ) ; meyer de schauensee ( 1966 ) suggested that they might be conspecific , but they are sympatric in costa rica ( stiles & skutch 1989 ) .
may consist of more than one species ; rheindt et al . ( 2008c ) found genetic evidence consistent with at least three species , but recommended waiting for additional analyses .
12 . some authors ( cory & hellmayr 1927 , short 1975 , sibley & monroe 1990 ) considered s . affinis as a species separate from s . suiriri , but they intergrade in southeastern bolivia , northeastern paraguay , and southwestern brazil ( laubmann 1940 , zimmer 1955 , traylor 1982 , hayes 1995 , 2001 ) . their vocalizations are similar ( zimmer et al . 2001 ) , and all 17 specimens from the paraguayan hybrid zone are intermediate , suggesting free interbreeding ( hayes 1995 , 2001 ) .
13 . described since meyer de schauensee ( 1970 ) : zimmer et al . ( 2001 ) .
13a . lopes et al . ( 2018 ) found that suiriri affinis was not closely related to suiriri suiriri but rather to a group of genera including phyllomyias , phaeomyias , and capsiempis ; they named a new genus for affinis :
14 . morphological data indicate that mecocerculus is almost certainly polyphyletic ( lanyon 1988a ) , but no choice now but to retain as is without further study . with leucophrys as the type species for the genus , placement of the genus arbitrarily reflects the position of m . leucophrys in lanyon ' s ( 1988a ) phylogeny .
14a . mecocerculus poecilocercus and m . hellmayri form a superspecies ( fitzpatrick 2004 ) .
14b . fjeldså & krabbe ( 1990 ) suggested that the subspecies pallidior of western peru might be considered a separate species from mecocerculus leucophrys .
15 . anairetes nigrocristatus was formerly ( e . g . , zimmer 1940b , meyer de schauensee 1970 , traylor 1977 < ? > , 1979a ) considered conspecific with a . reguloides , but see fjeldså & krabbe ( 1990 ) and ridgely & tudor ( 1994 ) for recognition as a separate species , as was suspected was the best treatment by meyer de schauensee ( 1966 ) ; they form a superspecies ( sibley & monroe 1990 , fitzpatrick 2004 ) and are sister taxa ( dubay & witt 2012 ) .
15a . spizitornis was formerly ( e . g . , oberholser 1920b , cory & hellmayr 1927 , zimmer 1940b ) used for anairetes , but see < ref > , meyer de schauensee 1966 ) .
15b . genetic data ( roy et al . 1999 ) confirm that anairetes parulus and a . fernandezianus are sister species .
was formerly ( e . g . , reluctantly by zimmer 1940b ) placed in the monotypic genus
and is sister to a . parulus + a . flavirostris , and together they are sister to a . reguloides + a . nigrocristatus
were traditionally ( e . g . , meyer de schauensee 1970 , traylor ( 1977 , 1979a ) placed in
many recent classifications ( e . g . , dickinson 2003 ) have merged uromyias into anairetes
on the basis of morphological and vocal characters , roy et al . ' s ( 1999 ) genetic data found that it is embedded within
17a . silva ( 1990 ) showed that
serpophaga araguayae ,
formerly ( e . g . , meyer de schauensee 1970 ) considered a valid species (
bananal tyrannulet
) , is actually a synonym of myiopagis c . caniceps .
18 . serpophaga munda is often considered a subspecies ( e . g . , zimmer 1955 , traylor 1977 < ? > , 1979a , straneck 1993 ) or morph ( short 1975 ) of s . subcristata , but see olrog ( 1963 ) and herzog ( 2001 ) .
known from four specimens from bolivia , was formerly considered a valid species ( e . g . , zimmer 1955 , meyer de schauensee 1966 , 1970 ) . traylor ( 1979 ) treated
might consist of more than one species . ridgely & greenfield ( 2001 ) considered the subspecies
) of southwestern ecuador and northwestern peru to represent a separate species based on differences in vocalizations .
rheindt et al . ( 2008c ) found genetic evidence consistent with two species , and zucker et al . ( 2016 ) found additional evidence for multiple species within
21b . cory & hellmayr ( 1927 ) and fitzpatrick ( 2004 ) noted that evidence for treatment of polystictus pectoralis and p . superciliaris as congeneric is weak
21c . fitzpatrick ( 2004 ) noted that the possibly extinct subspecies bogotensis probably deserves treatment as a separate species from polystictus pectoralis . fjeldså & krabbe ( 1990 ) suggested that the northern subspecies brevipennis might also deserve treatment as a separate species .
22 . sibley & monroe ( 1990 ) considered pseudocolopteryx acutipennis and p . dinelliana to form a superspecies .
22a . pseudocolopteryx is feminine , so the correct spelling of the species name is dinelliana ( david & gosselin 2002b ) .
) that differ in vocalizations and displays , and do not respond to cross - playback experiments .
22b . pseudotriccus pelzelni and p . simplex form a superspecies ( sibley & monroe 1990 , fitzpatrick 2004 ) and might be conspecific ( fjeldså & krabbe 1990 , fitzpatrick 2004 ) .
22d . pseudotriccus ruficeps was formerly ( e . g . , cory & hellmayr 1927 ) placed in the monotypic genus caenotriccus , but see zimmer ( 1940 ) for its merger into pseudotriccus .
23 . see sick ( 1985 ) , ridgely & tudor ( 1994 ) , and fitzpatrick ( 2004 ) for reasons for maintaining corythopis torquatus and c . delalandi as separate species ; they form a superspecies ( sibley & monroe 1990 ) .
meyer de schauensee 1966 ) placed in the conopophagidae , but see ames et al . ( 1968 ) for independent anatomical data sets that show that this species belongs in the tyrannidae . < sibley - ahlquist etc . refs > . tello and bates ( 2007 ) and tello et al . ( 2009 ) found strong support for a sister relationship between
24 . corythopis is masculine , so the correct spelling of the species name is torquatus ( david & gosselin 2002b ) .
24a . euscarthmus was formerly ( < ref > ) placed in the formicariidae [ = thamnophilidae ] because of similarities in tarsal scutellation .
( e . g . , cory & hellmayr 1927 ) , but see lanyon ( 1988a ) .
genetic data ( tello et al . 2009 ) confirm that it is not the sister to any of these genera but is a member of a group of genera that includes
25a . stigmatura napensis and s . budytoides were formerly ( e . g . , cory & hellmayr 1927 , pinto 1944 ) considered conspecific , and napensis was described as a subspecies of s . budytoides ; recent authors have followed zimmer ( 1940b ) in treating them as separate species ; they are considered to form a superspecies by sibley & monroe ( 1990 ) and fitzpatrick ( 2004 ) .
25b . stigmatura was formerly ( < ref > ) placed in the formicariidae [ = thamnophilidae ] because of its superficial resemblance to the genus formicivora .
26 . the species vilissimus , bolivianus , cinereicapilla , gracilipes , acer , and viridiflavus ( with chrysops and albigularis ) were formerly ( e . g . , cory & hellmayr 1927 , zimmer 1941b , phelps & phelps 1950a , meyer de schauensee 1970 ) placed in a separate genus , tyranniscus , but see traylor ( 1977 ) for separation in the genus zimmerius .
based on differences in voice . ridgely & greenfield ( 2001 ) , krabbe & nielsson ( 2003 ) , and fitzpatrick ( 2004 ) also noted that the taxon
, from honduras to nw colombia , should also be considered a separate species .
28a . zimmerius cinereicapilla was formerly ( e . g . , cory & hellmayr 1927 ) considered conspecific with z . gracilipes .
28b . zimmerius acer was treated as a separate species from zimmerius gracilipes by cory & hellmayr ( 1927 ) , but zimmer ( 1941 ) treated them as conspecific ; pinto ( 1944 ) , however , treated them as separate species and noted that both had been collected at santarem , brazil ( gyldenstolpe 1941 ) . most recent classifications ( e . g . , sibley & monroe 1990 , ridgely & tudor 1994 , dickinson 2003 , fitzpatrick 2004 ) have followed zimmer ( 1941 ) in treating them as conspecific . rheindt et al . ' s ( 2008b ) genetic data indicate that acer and gracilipes are not sisters , with acer basal to all other zimmerius taxa sampled .
29 . described since meyer de schauensee ( 1970 ) : alvarez - alfonso & whitney ( 2001 ) .
, from southwestern amazonian brazil that is likely most closely related to z . villarejoi ; recognized by
as a separate species , a treatment supported by cory & hellmayr ( 1927 ) , zimmer ( 1941 ) , and fitzpatrick ( 2004 ) ; they constitute a superspecies ( sibley & monroe 1990 ) .
more recent genetic data ( rheindt et al . 2008b ) indicate that current species limits in the
31a . the southern subspecies ottonis was formerly ( e . g . , cory & hellmayr 1927 ) considered a separate species from phylloscartes ophthalmicus .
31b . phylloscartes lanyoni and p . orbitalis are sister taxa ( graves 1988 ) that form a superspecies ( sibley & monroe 1990 ) ; fitzpatrick ( 2004 ) also considered p . venezuelanus a member of this superspecies .
was formerly ( e . g . , ridgway 1907 ) placed in the genus capsiempis .
1cc . phylloscartes gualaquizae , one of the former members of pogonotriccus ( see note 31 above ) , is not a member of that group ( robbins et al . 1987 , fitzpatrick 2004 ) .
31d . vocal and foraging behavior suggests that phylloscartes nigrifrons might be most closely related to p . flaviventris and p . parkeri ( fitzpatrick 2004 ) .
, and ridgway placed it in leptotriccus with p . sylviolus and p . flaviventris
32 . described since meyer de schauensee ( 1970 ) : graves ( 1988 ) .
( fitzpatrick 2004 ) ; they were all considered conspecific by cory & hellmayr ( 1927 ) .
known only from the unique type specimen from
rio de janeiro
and formerly considered a valid species ( e . g . , cory & hellmayr 1927 ,
33 . described since meyer de schauensee ( 1970 ) : teixeira ( 1987 ) .
34 . described since meyer de schauensee ( 1970 ) : willis & oniki ( 1992 ) .
35 . described since meyer de schauensee ( 1970 ) : gonzaga & pacheco ( 1995 ) .
36a . phylloscartes flaviventris and p . parkeri form a superspecies ( fitzpatrick and stotz 1997 , fitzpatrick 2004 ) .
36b . phylloscartes ceciliae , p . superciliaris , p . roquettei , and p . sylviolus might be closely related to , or part of , the p . flaviventris - p . parkeri superspecies ( fitzpatrick and stotz 1997 , fitzpatrick 2004 ) .
37 . described since meyer de schauensee ( 1970 ) : fitzpatrick and stotz ( 1997 ) .
were formerly ( e . g . , zimmer 1941c , phelps & phelps 1950a , meyer de schauensee 1970 ) placed in the genus
by traylor ( 1977 , 1979 ) , as first proposed by van rossem ( 1938 ) , and a merger supported by morphological data ( ames 1971 , lanyon 1988a ; cf . zimmer 1941c ) ; wetmore ( 1972 ) tentatively maintained
on the basis of plumage differences , evident even in juvenal plumage , and primary shape in adult males .
show no signs of gene flow between them , suggesting that more than one species may be involved ( miller et al . 2008 ) .
40b .
mionectes turi ,
described from
cayenne
as a valid species , is now considered a synonym of mionectes oleagineus wallacei ( meyer de schauensee 1966 ) .
and thus should be treated as a separate species ; additional gene sampling and vocal analyses needed .
41 . linear sequence of species in leptopogon follows bates & zink ( 1994 ) , who showed that genetic data indicate that the lowland species amaurocephalus is sister to the ancestor of the rest of the genus , and the highest - elevation species are most recently derived .
41a . leptopogon rufipectus and l . taczanowskii are sister species ( zimmer 1941c , bates & zink 1994 ) that form a superspecies ( parker et al . 1985 , sibley & monroe 1990 , fitzpatrick 2004 ) .
41b . leptopogon rufipectus was formerly ( e . g . , cory & hellmayr 1927 , phelps & phelps 1950a ) known as l . erythrops , but see < ref > .
41c . traylor ( 1977 ) considered sublegatus so closely related to elaenia , as reflected in their traditional placement in linear sequences , that they might be considered congeneric , but syringeal morphology ( lanyon 1988a ) does not support a close relationship .
41d . fitzpatrick ( 2004 ) suggested that further study might show that the distinctive southern subspecies albidiventris might be a separate species from leptopogon superciliaris .
41e . called
mangrove scrub flycatcher
in haverschmidt & mees ( 1994 ) .
41f . haverschmidt & mees ( 1994 ) , who treated sublegatus obscurior as a subspecies of s . modestus , called the composite species
forest scrub flycatcher
.
42 . all sublegatus were formerly considered conspecific ( e . g . , cory & hellmayr 1927 , meyer de schauensee 1970 ) , with the composite species called
scrub flycatcher .
species limits in sublegatus have been fluid and confusing , including different treatments by the same author ( e . g . , traylor 1977 < ? > , 1979a vs . traylor 1982 ) ; zimmer ( 1941b ) considered the taxon glaber , currently treated as a subspecies of s . modestus , to be a separate species that included s . obscurior ( and also the subspecies orinocensis , and pallens , as well as the taxa peruvianus and sordidus , which were considered synonyms of s . obscurior by traylor 1979a ) ; see also fitzpatrick ( 2004 ) . seasonal movements may also complicate evidence of sympatry ( meyer de schauensee 1966 , traylor 1982 ) . vocal differences exist among the three taxa recognized as species here , but formal analysis and additional research badly needed . see ridgely & tudor ( 1994 ) for a synopsis .
42aa . short ( 1975 ) and sibley & monroe ( 1990 ) considered inezia tenuirostris and i . inornata to form a superspecies .
42b . the tarsal morphology of inezia has been interpreted to indicate that it belongs in the cotingidae ( ridgway 1907 ? ref ) .
( e . g . , cory & hellmayr 1927 , phelps & phelps 1950a ) placed in phaeomyias , but see zimmer ( 1955 ) .
genetic data ( tello et al . 2009 ) indicate that it is sister to “
genetic data ( tello et al . 2009 ) indicate that it is a member of a group consisting mainly of the flatbills , but that it has no close relatives .
represented a monophyletic group , the
flatbills .
birdsley ( 2002 ) questioned the monophyly of the group based on an analysis of morphological and behavioral data . genetic data ( tello and bates 2007 ) indicate that the flatbills are monophyletic if
are removed . tello et al . ( 2009 ) found that the genera from
by lanyon ( 1988b ) based on syringeal morphology , and this merger is supported by the genetic data of tello & bates ( 2007 ) and tello et al . ( 2009 ) , who also found that
45a . although meyer de schauensee ( 1970 ) considered myiornis albiventris to be a subspecies of m . auricularis , this was not followed by previous ( e . g . , cory & hellmayr 1927 , zimmer 1940 ) or subsequent authors ; they are considered to form a superspecies by sibley & monroe ( 1990 ) and fitzpatrick ( 2004 ) .
46 . myiornis atricapillus was formerly ( e . g . , zimmer 1940 , meyer de schauensee 1970 ) considered a subspecies of m . ecaudatus , but most recent classifications have followed wetmore ( 1972 ) in considering the evidence insufficient for treatment as conspecific , thus returning to the classification of ridgway ( 1907 ) and cory & hellmayr ( 1927 ) ; they constitute a superspecies ( aou 1983 , sibley & monroe 1990 , fitzpatrick 2004 ) .
was formerly ( e . g . , ridgway 1907 , cory & hellmayr 1927 ,
on the basis of differences in wing shape , bill shape , relative tail length , and extent of rictal bristles .
46b . the authenticity of a specimen from northern colombia ( romero & rodriguez 1980 ) was questioned by ridgely & tudor ( 1994 ) and fitzpatrick ( 2004 ) ; examination of the specimen by f . g . stiles confirmed the identification . whether this record represents a wandering individual or sympatry with
47 . oncostoma cinereigulare and o . olivaceum form a superspecies ( aou 1983 , 1998 , sibley & monroe 1990 , fitzpatrick 2004 ) ; they were considered conspecific by cory & hellmayr ( 1927 ) .
47c . the name squamaecristatus was previously considered to have priority over pileatus ( e . g . , ridgway 1907 ) .
48 . lophotriccus galeatus was formerly ( e . g . , phelps & phelps 1950a , meyer de schauensee 1970 ) placed in the monotypic genus colopteryx ( based on its unusually narrow outer primaries ) , but this was merged into lophotriccus by traylor ( 1977 , 1979a ) .
49 . lanyon ( 1988b ) recommended that atalotriccus be merged into lophotriccus , and this was followed by aou ( 1998 ) ; however , see ridgely & tudor ( 1994 ) for reasons to maintain as separate genus until relationships are resolved .
0b . hemitriccus as defined by traylor ( 1979 ) and used here is likely paraphyletic with respect to lophotriccus ( cohn - haft 1996 ) and perhaps atalotriccus and oncostoma .
were formerly ( e . g . , meyer de schauensee 1970 ) placed in the genus
51a . ridgely & greenfield ( 2001 ) and hilty ( 2003 ) suspected that hemitriccus margaritaceiventer might consist of more than one species ; cory & hellmayr ( 1927 ) treated the subspecies impiger and septentrionalis both as separate species , and chapman ( 1929 ) described the subspecies duidae as a species ; all were considered conspecific with h . margaritaceiventer by meyer de schauensee ( 1966 , 1970 ) .
51b . hemitriccus mirandae was formerly ( e . g . , cory & hellmayr 1927 ) placed in todirostrum .
, but most recent authors have followed zimmer ( 1940 ) and meyer de schauensee ( 1966 ) in treating them as separate species .
were called
bamboo - tyrants
by ridgely & tudor ( 1994 ) .
pending to modify english names of “tody - tyrants” and “pygmy - tyrants . ”
54 . hemitriccus josephinae was formerly ( e . g . , meyer de schauensee 1970 ) placed in monotypic genus microcochlearius , but recent classifications have followed traylor ( 1977 , 1979a ) in merging this into hemitriccus .
55 . hemitriccus griseipectus was formerly ( e . g . , meyer de schauensee 1970 , traylor 1977 < ? > , 1979a , < check r - t > ) considered conspecific with h . zosterops , but see cohn - haft et al . ( 1997 ) for rationale for treatment as separate species , thus returning to the classification of cory & hellmayr ( 1927 ) .


a legendary , mythical , or mythological creature , traditionally called a fabulous beast or fabulous creature , is a fictitious , imaginary and often supernatural animal , often a hybrid , sometimes part human , whose existence has not or can not be proved and that is described in legends , myths , mythology , fables , folklore , poetry , fairy tales , novels , or other fiction but also in historical accounts before history became a science .

on the other hand , many real animals from remote regions and ethnic groups from other continents were long considered legendary before more was known about them .

for example , whales were considered as mythical or real and as frightening as dragons as recently as in the middle ages , including the belief that whales eject fire .

similarly , people and even historians freely invented , embellished , and recounted stories about people from other continents , which played a major role in the development of racism and many of which still play a strong role at least subconsciously in how people think about other ethnic groups .

even at the beginning of the age of discovery , europeans believed fantastic stories about people in asia that were hairy and had dog snouts and about people in africa that were beautiful with crane necks or had only one eye or had been turned dark by the heat .

in the classical era , monstrous creatures such as the cyclops and the minotaur appear in heroic tales for the protagonist to destroy .

other creatures , such as the unicorn , were claimed in accounts of natural history by various scholars of antiquity .

some legendary creatures have their origin in traditional mythology and were believed to be real creatures , for example dragons , griffins , and unicorns .

others were based on real encounters , originating in garbled accounts of travelers ' tales , such as the vegetable lamb of tartary , which supposedly grew tethered to the earth .

legendary creature

legendary landwalk ( this creature can ' t be blocked as long as defending player controls a legendary land . )
205 . 4e any instant or sorcery spell with the supertype “legendary” is subject to a casting restriction . a player can’t cast a legendary instant or sorcery spell unless that player controls a legendary creature or a legendary planeswalker .
you can ' t cast a legendary sorcery unless you control a legendary creature or a legendary planeswalker . once you begin to cast a legendary sorcery , losing control of your legendary creatures and planeswalkers won ' t affect that spell . * other than the casting restriction , the legendary supertype on a sorcery carries no additional rules . [ 24 ]
whenever brimaz blocks a creature , create a 1 / 1 white cat soldier creature token with vigilance that ' s blocking that creature .
, sacrifice another creature : you gain life equal to the sacrificed creature ' s toughness .
legendary is a supertype of a card . any permanent ( artifact , creature , enchantment , planeswalker , and land ) with the legendary supertype is bound by the
legend rule ,
which prevents multiple copies of the card from existing on the battlefield under the same player ' s control . legendary may also appear as a supertype with non - permanents ( sorceries and instants ) . the rules for these are different : you can ' t cast a legendary non - permanent spell unless you control a legendary creature or a legendary planeswalker .
, sacrifice a creature : target creature gets - 2 / - 2 until end of turn .
although covered by the rules , legendary instants haven ' t been featured yet .
deathtouch , lifelink other legendary creatures you control get + 2 / + 2 .
this name generator will give you 10 random names for species of legendary creatures .
dominaria debuted legendary sorcery cards that capture extraordinary moments from characters ' pasts . these powerful spells can be unleashed only with the assistance of a legendary creature or planeswalker on your side of the battlefield . [ 23 ]
205 . 4d any permanent with the supertype “legendary” is subject to the state - based action for legendary permanents , also called the “legend rule” ( see rule 704 . 5j ) .
mark rosewater . ( march 10 , 2018 . )
why introduce legendary sorceries if they fundamentally can never work the same way as legendary permanents ?
, blogatog , tumblr .
legendary was first featured on the lands in the set legends . starting with champions of kamigawa it also replaced the creature type legend . [ 3 ]
when this creature transforms into avacyn , the purifier , it deals 3 damage to each other creature and each opponent .
, exile a creature card from your graveyard : target creature gets - 2 / - 2 until end of turn .
your opponent is incorrrect . there can only be one legendary of a particular name on the battlefield at one time . to use your example , you control mirri the cursed . if either you or an opponent casts another mirri the cursed , both would go the the graveyard due to the legendary rule . also , i don ' t believe vampire nocturnus is legendary . edit : nath ' d regarding the legendary rule , but nocturnus isn ' t legendary , so you had no worries there any way .
, , sacrifice another creature : brion stoutarm deals damage equal to the sacrificed creature ' s power to target player or planeswalker .
the commander format requires that a legendary creature be selected as one ' s deck commander . this excludes legendary planeswalkers ( which are not creatures ) , except for the five appearing in commander 2014 and the battlebond planeswalker duo
will kenrith
and
rowan kenrith
.
4 / 27 / 2018 : because damage remains marked on a creature until it ' s removed as the turn ends , nonlethal damage dealt to a legendary creature you control may become lethal if arvad leaves the battlefield during that turn .
members of a group calling themselves bigfoot 911 claim they spotted the giant , walking , bear - like , legendary creature in the woods of western north carolina friday night .
whenever ashling , the extinguisher deals combat damage to a player , choose target creature that player controls . the player sacrifices that creature .
11 / 24 / 2014 : although the creature you return is attacking , it was never declared as an attacking creature ( for purposes of abilities that trigger whenever a creature attacks , for example ) .
sacrifice an atog creature : atogatog gets + x / + x until end of turn , where x is the sacrificed creature ' s power .
mothman is a legendary creature reportedly seen in the point pleasant area of west virginia from 15 november 1966 to 15 december 1967 . the first newspaper report was published in the point pleasant register dated 16 november 1966 , titled “couples see man - sized bird…creature…something” . – source
4 / 1 / 2008 : a “creature card” is any card with the type creature , even if it has other types such as artifact , enchantment , or land . older cards of type summon are also creature cards .
sam stoddard . ( may 23 , 2013 . ) “ legendary rule change ” , urltoken , wizards of the coast .
tom lapille . ( may 13 , 2011 . ) “ a legendary disagreement ” , urltoken , wizards of the coast .
aaron forsythe . ( september 10 , 2004 . ) “ legendary rules changes ” , urltoken , wizards of the coast .
melee ( whenever this creature attacks , it gets + 1 / + 1 until end of turn for each opponent you attacked with a creature this combat . )
, sacrifice a permanent : return target creature to its owner ' s hand .
9 / 20 / 2014 : anafenza ' s first ability can target any tapped creature you control . that creature doesn ' t necessarily have to be attacking .
rampage 1 ( whenever this creature becomes blocked , it gets + 1 / + 1 until end of turn for each creature blocking it beyond the first . )
ah , yeah , only just noticed myself that nocturnus isn ' t even a legendary creature . bit of a fail there on my part , but yeah , thanks all for clearing it up for me .
mark rosewater . ( august 29 , 2017 . )
now that planeswalkers use the legendary rule
, blogatog , tumblr .
9 / 22 / 2011 : the triggered ability triggers only when a creature spell is cast , after costs are paid . the counter put on animar for each creature spell cast won’t affect the cost of that creature spell , only future ones .
: search your library for a legendary card , reveal that card , and put it into your hand . then shuffle your library .
if a nontoken creature an opponent owns would die or a creature card not on the battlefield would be put into an opponent ' s graveyard , exile that card instead .
at the beginning of your upkeep , each player sacrifices a non - vampire creature .
, : arashi , the sky asunder deals x damage to target creature with flying .
channel — , discard arashi : arashi deals x damage to each creature with flying .
whenever a creature with defender enters the battlefield under your control , draw a card .
shroud ( this creature can ' t be the target of spells or abilities . )
: another target barbarian creature gets + 1 / + 0 until end of turn .
each other creature named brothers yamazaki gets + 2 / + 2 and has haste .
when a creature dealt damage by bushi tenderfoot this turn dies , flip bushi tenderfoot .
horsemanship ( this creature can ' t be blocked except by creatures with horsemanship . )
mark rosewater . ( september 02 , 2017 . )
why do you want the legendary rule gone ?
, blogatog , tumblr .
mark rosewater . ( august 28 , 2017 . )
why was there a need to make planeswalkers legendary ?
, blogatog , tumblr .
mark rosewater . ( august 29 , 2017 . )
so basically you wish legendary didn ' t exist .
, blogatog , tumblr .
the pope lick monster is a legendary part - man , part - goat and part - sheep creature reported to live beneath a norfolk southern railway trestle over floyd’s fork creek , in the fisherville area of louisville , kentucky . – source
, : create a 1 / 1 black and red demon creature token named minor demon .
9 / 22 / 2011 : the triggered ability will resolve before the creature spell does .
no . the legend rule works like this : if there are more than one legendary permanent on the battlefield that share a name , each of those permanents is put into their respective owner ' s graveyard when state - based actions are performed . also , vampire nocturnus isn ' t legendary .
melee ( whenever this creature attacks , it gets + 1 / + 1 until end of turn for each opponent you attacked with a creature this combat . ) other creatures you control have melee . ( if a creature has multiple instances of melee , each triggers separately . )
flavorfully , legendary cards represent the key people , places , and objects of a set ' s story . typical expansion sets contain no more than 10 to 15 legendary cards , with the exceptions of dominaria , kamigawa block , and the early expansion legends , each of which contained significantly more . except for cards found in those sets , or in compilation sets , all legendary cards carry a rarity of rare or mythic rare . [ 1 ] [ 2 ]
a mystical , mythical , or legendary creature is a creature from mythology or folklore ( often known as
fabulous creatures
in historical literature ) . examples of legendary creatures can be found in medieval bestiaries . many mythical creatures have supernatural powers ( some good , some evil ) , powers that even in contemporary times have no physical explanation . in these cases the creatures bear more similarity to spiritual beings , such as angels , in religious thought . often legendary creatures came to symbolize vices or virtues , or the power of good or evil . in many cases , their actual existence was secondary to the moral of the tale in which they featured .
, , tap x untapped knights you control : destroy target creature with power x or less .
flying ( this creature can ' t be blocked except by creatures with flying or reach . )
mark rosewater . ( march 01 , 2018 . )
the printing of legendary creatures at uncommon in the masters series .
, blogatog , tumblr .
whenever anafenza , the foremost attacks , put a + 1 / + 1 counter on another target tapped creature you control . if a nontoken creature an opponent owns would die or a creature card not on the battlefield would be put into an opponent ' s graveyard , exile that card instead .
legendary creatures have often been incorporated into heraldry and architectural decoration . this is particularly the case with those symbolizing great strength or other power . in contemporary times , many legendary creatures appear prominently in fantasy fiction . these creatures are often claimed to have supernatural powers or knowledge or to guard some object of great value .
creature spells you cast cost less to cast for each + 1 / + 1 counter on animar .
whenever another creature you own dies , return it to your hand unless target opponent pays 3 life .
bontu the glorified can ' t attack or block unless a creature died under your control this turn .
, sacrifice another creature : scry 1 . each opponent loses 1 life and you gain 1 life .
: brigid , hero of kinsbaile deals 2 damage to each attacking or blocking creature target player controls .
{ r } { r } { r } , { t } : destroy target artifact creature .
i have been playing mtg about 2 months now so am still relatively new to the game . this question is regarding the legendary creature rule . essentially , i have just been trying out a vampire deck build on magic workstation on the online play , and i played a vampire nocturnus , then on the next turn played a mirri the cursed , both legendary vampire creatures . the guy i was playing against told me to destroy one as you are only allowed one legendary creature in play . my question is , is this this true ? as i have been under the assumption that it ' s if two legendary creatures of the same name are in play at the same time then they get destroyed , i ' ve been told nothing about not playing more than one different legendary creature in the same game and them both being in play . i don ' t know if this seems a ridiculous question and something i should have learned when i first started , but yeah , could i just get a bit of an explanation of how it works please ? thanks . please use cardtags in the future . ~ parinoid
the griffin is a legendary creature with the body , tail , and back legs of a lion ; the head and wings of an eagle ; and an eagle’s talons as its front feet . as the lion was traditionally considered the king of the beasts and the eagle was the king of the birds , the griffin was thought to be an especially powerful and majestic creature .
whenever another nontoken creature enters the battlefield under your control , bolster 1 . ( choose a creature with the least toughness among creatures you control and put a + 1 / + 1 counter on it . )
each untapped creature you control gets + 0 / + 2 as long as it ' s not attacking .
remove a ki counter from azamuki , treachery incarnate : gain control of target creature until end of turn .
{ t } : goka the unjust deals 4 damage to target creature that was dealt damage this turn .
8 / 23 / 2016 : melee will trigger if the creature with melee attacks a planeswalker . however , the effect counts only opponents ( and not planeswalkers ) that you attacked with a creature when determining the bonus .
legendary monsters
exist ,
if only in legend , all over the world . the series of monsters continues with a look at a few strange stories from north america .
when a non - angel creature you control dies , transform archangel avacyn at the beginning of the next upkeep .
as long as your devotion to white and black is less than seven , athreos isn ' t a creature .
at the beginning of each player ' s upkeep , that player sacrifices an artifact , creature , or land .
4 / 27 / 2018 : if an effect instructs you to “double” a creature ' s power , that creature gets + x / + 0 , where x is its power . the same is true for its toughness .
legendary creatures are things such as
grumpkins and snarks
or even krakens , which have not been proven to actually exist but which exist in the folklore and mythology of westeros ( krakens are somewhat on the fence , as some believe they exist but are rarely encountered ; thus they are treated as a
legendary animal
unless the books ever confirm their existence ) .
the griffin is a legendary creature with the head and wings of an eagle , and the body , tail , and hind legs of a lion . as the eagle was considered the ‘king of the birds’ , and the lion the ‘king of the beasts’ , the griffin was perceived as a powerful and majestic creature . during the persian empire , the griffin was seen as a protector from evil , witchcraft , and slander .
other creatures you control have melee . ( if a creature has multiple instances of melee , each triggers separately . )
whenever you cast a creature spell , put a + 1 / + 1 counter on animar , soul of elements .
when breya , etherium shaper enters the battlefield , create two 1 / 1 blue thopter artifact creature tokens with flying .
when you cast this spell , you may return target angel or human creature card from your graveyard to the battlefield .
the jersey devil is a legendary creature or cryptid said to inhabit the pine barrens of southern new jersey , united states . the creature is often described as a flying biped with hooves , but there are many different variations . the common description is that of a kangaroo - like creature with the head of a goat , leathery bat - like wings , horns , small arms with clawed hands , cloven hooves and a forked tail . it has been reported to move quickly and often is described as emitting a “blood - curdling scream . ” – source
starting with duel decks : elves vs . inventors and dominaria , all legendary cards , except planeswalkers , have crown - like flourishes on the title bar of the card frame . [ 4 ]
a state - based action that causes a player who controls two or more legendary permanents with the same name to put all but one into their owners’ graveyards . see rule 704 . 5j .
a widely discussed phenomenon , the famous unicorn tapestries held within the famous cloisters museum , tell stories of this fabled beast . with the museum standing as a beautiful salute to medieval art and architecture , it is fitting that these works dedicated to one of the most important legendary creature of medieval times are kept here .
your opponents can ' t cast spells with the chosen name ( as long as this creature is on the battlefield ) .
whenever anafenza , the foremost attacks , put a + 1 / + 1 counter on another target tapped creature you control .
• prevent the next x damage that would be dealt to target creature this turn . spend only white mana on x .
: prevent all damage that would be dealt to another target creature this turn by sources of the color of your choice .
, exile balthor the defiled : each player returns all black and all red creature cards from their graveyard to the battlefield .
: ben - ben , akki hermit deals damage to target attacking creature equal to the number of untapped mountains you control .
whenever borborygmos deals combat damage to a player , put a + 1 / + 1 counter on each creature you control .
306 . 4 . previously , planeswalkers were subject to a “planeswalker uniqueness rule” that stopped a player from controlling two planeswalkers of the same planeswalker type . this rule has been removed and planeswalker cards printed before this change have received errata in the oracle card reference to have the legendary supertype . like other legendary permanents , they are subject to the “legend rule” ( see rule 704 . 5j ) .
originally , only one creature of the same name , with the creature type legend , could be in play at the same time . for a while , they were even on the restricted list , meaning there could be only one creature of the same name in each deck . this was changed around the time of ice age . [ 7 ] [ 8 ] [ 9 ]
whenever a creature dealt damage by baron sengir this turn dies , put a + 2 / + 2 counter on baron sengir .
bushido 1 ( whenever this creature blocks or becomes blocked , it gets + 1 / + 1 until end of turn . )
4 / 27 / 2018 : if you control baird , your opponents can choose not to pay to attack with a creature that attacks “if able . ” if there ' s no other player or planeswalker to attack , that creature simply doesn ' t attack .
whenever brimaz , king of oreskos attacks , create a 1 / 1 white cat soldier creature token with vigilance that ' s attacking .
{ b } { r } { g } , { t } : return target creature card from your graveyard to your hand .
2 / 25 / 2015 : you determine which creature to put counters on as the spell or ability that instructs you to bolster resolves . that could be the creature with the bolster ability , if it ' s still under your control and has the least toughness .
protection from white and from black whenever you cast a creature spell , put a + 1 / + 1 counter on animar , soul of elements . creature spells you cast cost { 1 } less to cast for each + 1 / + 1 counter on animar .
the hibagon is described as a “black creature with white hands and large white feet , standing about five feet tall . ” – source
nope , that guy is completely wrong . legendary creatures will only be put into their respective owner ' s graveyards if they share an english name - even if they ' re the same character ( eg . kamahl , pit fighter and kamahl , fist of krosa ) , they need to have the same name to die . not to mention that nocturnus isn ' t legendary . edit : that ' s what you call nath ' d .
whenever bruse tarl , boorish herder enters the battlefield or attacks , target creature you control gains double strike and lifelink until end of turn .
2 / 25 / 2015 : bolster itself doesn ' t target any creature , though some spells and abilities that bolster may have other effects that target creatures . for example , you could put counters on a creature with protection from white with aven tactician ' s bolster ability .
9 / 22 / 2011 : if the creature spell is countered , you’ll still put a + 1 / + 1 counter on animar .
trample whenever a creature dealt damage by axelrod gunnarson this turn dies , you gain 1 life and axelrod deals 1 damage to target player .
is the french word meaning
sea .
) a mermaid is an aquatic creature with the head and torso of human female and a
704 . 5j if a player controls two or more legendary permanents with the same name , that player chooses one of them , and the rest are put into their owners’ graveyards . this is called the “legend rule . ”
mark rosewater . ( september 02 , 2017 . )
at any point in magic ' s history , was it ever considered to make legendary a deckbuilding restriction instead of a gameplay one ?
, blogatog , tumblr .
mark rosewater . ( september 02 , 2017 . )
do you think it ' s a flavor fail to be able to summon more than one of the same legendary character from the multiverse ?
, blogatog , tumblr .
the elusive nature of this mammoth swimmer has led to tales of the kraken : a legendary sea monster off the coast of norway and greenland that lurks beneath the dark waters , dragging fishermen to their deaths in the deep seas .
whenever a creature dealt damage by axelrod gunnarson this turn dies , you gain 1 life and axelrod deals 1 damage to target player or planeswalker .
( giant creature of water ) . the ziz is said to be large enough to be able to block out the sun with its wingspan .
although the griffin might seem like a creature conjured from the imagination of mankind , there might actually be some truth to this creature . one theory suggests that the griffin was brought to europe by traders travelling along the silk road from the gobi desert in mongolia . in this desert , the fossils of a dinosaur called the protoceratops can be found . as these bones , especially the skull , which has a bird - like beak , were exposed on the desert floor , ancient observers may have interpreted them as proof that such a hybrid creature once lived in the desert . yet , it has been shown that stories of the griffin have been around even before the silk road was developed . perhaps it was stories about the griffin that made the traders interpret the fossils of the protoceratops as that of the legendary creature .
nah , the legend rule is that you can ' t have two legendary creatures on the field with the same name . so you can ' t have two nocturnus or two mirri the cursed , but one of each is fine .
the second version of the rule checked to see if any other legendary permanent of the same name exists on the entire battlefield ( regardless of the permanents ' controllers ) and sent all of those permanents ( including the one which initiated the situation ) to their owners ' graveyards . [ 12 ] [ 13 ] in effect , each legendary permanent served two purposes : 1 ) its original purpose and 2 ) the removal of all instances of that permanent already on the battlefield .
, sacrifice another creature : exile target nonland permanent . activate this ability only if you have at least 10 life more than your starting life total .
according to the book searching for ropens , it is “any featherless creature that flies in the southwest pacific , and has a tail - length more than 25 % of its wingspan . ” on umboi island the word “ropen” refers to a large nocturnal creature that glows briefly as it flies . – source
issie is a legendary japanese lake monster ; said to lurk in lake ikeda , on kyushu island . it is described as being saurian in appearance . the name is formed in analogy with “nessie” ( the loch ness monster ) . – source
goat
, literally
goat sucker
) , is a legendary cryptid rumored to inhabit parts of the americas . the name comes from the animal ' s reported habit of attacking and drinking the blood of livestock , especially goats . it is supposedly a heavy creature , the size of a small bear , with a row of spines reaching from the neck to the base of the tail .
morph ( you may cast this card face down as a 2 / 2 creature for . turn it face up any time for its morph cost . )
each creature you control with defender assigns combat damage equal to its toughness rather than its power and can attack as though it didn ' t have defender .
at the beginning of each player ' s upkeep , that player may put an artifact , creature , or land card from their hand onto the battlefield .
9 / 15 / 2013 : heroic abilities will trigger only once per spell , even if that spell targets the creature with the heroic ability multiple times .
{ 2 } { b } { r } , { t } : create a 1 / 1 black and red demon creature token named minor demon .
ophiotaurus was a creature that was part bull and part serpent . it’s entrails were said to grant the power to defeat the gods to whoever burned them .
starting with ixalan , this rule was abandonded . [ 15 ] all planeswalkers past , present , and future gained the supertype legendary and became subject to the
legend rule
. thus , if a player controls more than one legendary planeswalker with the same name , that player chooses one and puts the other into their owner ' s graveyard . this means for example that if you control jace , unraveler of secrets and cast jace , cunning castaway , both jaces now can exist under your control .
mark rosewater has stated multiple times that he considers legendary to be a mechanical downside which he would rather get rid off . [ 19 ] if he was starting over he would make legendary a supertype with no rules baggage . he would create a keyword , called something like unique , for things that needed for gameplay reasons to restricted to having only one in play . [ 20 ] [ 21 ] the rest of r & d doesn ' t concur with rosewater ' s idea . [ 22 ]
what the other guy said was wrong . what you said was correct . if there are 2 + creatures on the battlefield that all have the legendary supertype and have the same name , they are all put into owners graveyard as a state based action .
he describes how they heard movement in the woods , three steps at a time , and the creature came into view near a glow stick about 30 yards away .
dragons do not count as
magic
creatures because they are well - known to exist and are living , breathing animals - albeit they apparently have some sort of tie to magic in the world . basically , following rpg rules , a
magical creature
is a
summoned creature
, while dragons are actual animals .
melon heads is the name given to legendary beings and urban legends in parts of michigan , ohio , and connecticut generally described as small humanoids with bulbous heads who occasionally emerge from hiding places to attack people . different variations of the legend attribute different origins . – source
grandeur — discard another card named baru , fist of krosa : create an x / x green wurm creature token , where x is the number of lands you control .
the creature that finally emerged from the river was huge , limbless and covered in scales . it was a snake , but one so overgrown they called it a dragon .
the canvey island monster is the name given to an unusual creature whose carcass washed up on the shores of canvey island , england , in november , 1953 . – source
the bunyip , or kianpraty , is a large mythical creature from aboriginal mythology , said to lurk in swamps , billabongs , creeks , riverbeds , and waterholes . – source
4 / 27 / 2018 : if a creature ' s power is less than 0 when it ' s doubled , instead that creature gets - x / - 0 , where x is how much less than 0 its power is . for example , if an effect has given grunn - 7 / - 0 so that it ' s a - 2 / 5 creature , doubling its power and toughness gives it - 2 / + 5 , and it ' s a - 4 / 10 until end of turn .
bushido 1 ( whenever this creature blocks or becomes blocked , it gets + 1 / + 1 until end of turn . ) if there are exactly two permanents named brothers yamazaki on the battlefield , the
legend rule
doesn ' t apply to them . each other creature named brothers yamazaki gets + 2 / + 2 and has haste .
the names in this generator are based on those of famous legendary creatures , like the phoenix , minotaur , kelpie , wyvern , undine , satyr and so on . as a result the names in this generator will work great for other legendary beings , similar to the many fictional ones found in the witcher series , like the bruxa , alghoul , striga and zeugl . this generator will also randomly generate names based on beings from other cultures , so there ' s plenty of variety , but this does mean some results will likely be less useful to you .
: target artifact creature ' s controller sacrifices it . that player may search their library for a noncreature artifact card , put it onto the battlefield , then shuffle their library .
4 / 27 / 2018 : a creature attacks alone if it ' s the only creature declared as an attacker during the declare attackers step ( including creatures controlled by your teammates , if applicable ) . for example , grunn ' s last ability won ' t trigger if you attack with multiple creatures and all but one of them are removed from combat .
phineus . like many other second - tier greek creatures , the harpies were more prominent in art works than in mythological literature , and while they may occasionally be used in popular culture today , they are most widely remembered for their part in the legendary adventures of jason and the argonauts .
at the beginning of each end step , put a + 1 / + 1 counter on asmira , holy avenger for each creature put into your graveyard from the battlefield this turn .
further to the east , a part - man , part - bird creature , the garuda , served as a mount for the hindu god vishnu . perhaps the fascination with such hybrid creatures is due to the fact that it allows people to combine the best characteristics of two or more creatures into one ’super creature’ , allowing meaningful symbolism to be attached to them .
9 / 29 / 2017 : in a two - headed giant game , an unblocked attacking creature deals its combat damage to one of the two players it ' s attacking . the attacking team chooses which player that is for each creature as combat damage is assigned . combat damage dealt by pirates your teammate controls will count when checking for admiral beckett brass ' s ability .
10 / 1 / 2009 : the player you target with axelrod gunnarson ' s ability doesn ' t have to be the player that controlled the creature that was put into a graveyard .
, pixies are often considered mischievous , but not overtly malevolent creatures of nature . their most commonly depicted image is a wingless and pointy - eared fairy - esque creature dressed in green .
banding ( any creatures with banding , and up to one without , can attack in a band . bands are blocked as a group . if any creatures with banding you control are blocking or being blocked by a creature , you divide that creature ' s combat damage , not its controller , among any of the creatures it ' s being blocked by or is blocking . )
10 / 1 / 2009 : each time a creature is put into a graveyard from play , check whether axelrod gunnarson had dealt any damage to it at any time during that turn . ( this includes combat damage . ) if so , axelrod gunnarson ' s second ability will trigger . it doesn ' t matter who controlled the creature or whose graveyard it was put into .
whenever alesha , who smiles at death attacks , you may pay . if you do , return target creature card with power 2 or less from your graveyard to the battlefield tapped and attacking .
10 / 1 / 2009 : if axelrod gunnarson and a creature it dealt damage to are both put into a graveyard at the same time , axelrod gunnarson ' s second ability will trigger .
flash when garna , the bloodflame enters the battlefield , return to your hand all creature cards in your graveyard that were put there from anywhere this turn . other creatures you control have haste .
the dover demon is an alleged cryptozoological creature sighted on three separate occasions during a 25 - hour period in the town of dover , massachusetts on april 21 and april 22 , 1977 . – source
, and at other times only to describe a specific type of more ethereal creature . many folktales are told of fairies , and they appear as characters in stories from medieval tales of chivalry , to victorian
chupacabra means goat sucker . the legendary animal is said to roam through mexico , southwest usa , and puerto rico as well as other areas . the chupacabra is blamed for mysterious livestock deaths , and examples of chupacabras have been found and photographed , usually dead . the creature is described variously as resembling a hairless bear , sometimes with spikes on its back , or a hairless dog - like animal . some of the carcasses and photographs have been studied and turned out to be coyotes with a severe case of mange . image by deviantart member raenyras .
horsemanship ( this creature can ' t be blocked except by creatures with horsemanship . ) when guan yu , sainted warrior is put into your graveyard from the battlefield , you may shuffle guan yu into your library .
while falconry involved careful training and deer hunting adept horsemanship , the netting of birds required more cunning than speed ( 1979 . 185 ) . animals , both real and legendary , frequently appear on works of art associated with more sedentary pastimes , including game pieces ( 16 . 106 ) and boxes for storing them ( 1976 . 327 ) .
11 / 24 / 2014 : you choose which opponent or opposing planeswalker the creature is attacking as you put it onto the battlefield . it doesn ' t have to be the same player or planeswalker alesha is attacking .
9 / 15 / 2013 : heroic abilities won ' t trigger when a copy of a spell is created on the stack or when a spell ' s targets are changed to include a creature with a heroic ability .
if you ' re having creature problems i feel bad for you son you got 99 attackers but i ' m blocking with 1 . the winner is judge | 7 this winner is also judge | 6 club flamingo | lots
in greek mythology , the chimera is a monstrous creature that was composed of several different animals . other hybrids exist as combinations of human beings with animals and / or birds , as well as a variety of humanoid creatures .
the beast of bray road is described by purported witnesses in several ways : as a bear - like creature , as a hairy biped resembling bigfoot , and as an unusually large ( 2–4 feet tall on all fours , 7 feet tall standing up ) intelligent wolf - like creature apt to walk on its hind legs and weighing 400 - 700 pounds . it also said that its fur is a brown gray color resembling a dog or bear . – source
a giant squid was recently filmed swimming next to a human diver in japan’s toyama bay . it’s a creature so elusive it has spawned hundreds of horror stories and legends over the centuries ( including in herman melville’s novel ‘moby dick’ ) .
9 / 20 / 2014 : anafenza ' s last ability cares only what the card would be in the zone it ' s moving from , not what it would be in the graveyard . for example , if a land card you control becomes a creature due to an effect and then dies , the land card will be exiled . but if a creature card with bestow is an aura when it would be put into the graveyard , it ends up in the graveyard .
if a player controls two or more legendary permanents of the same name when state - based effects are checked , that player chooses one of those permanents and immediately put the others into their owners ' graveyards , without any player having an opportunity to respond . this does not destroy the other permanents , does not cause them to be sacrificed , and cannot be prevented by indestructibility or regeneration .
interestingly , there are various hybrid creatures that are similar to the griffin . for instance , the lamassu was an assyrian mythical creature that had the head of a man , a body of a lion or bull , and the wings of an eagle .
8 / 23 / 2016 : creatures that enter the battlefield attacking were never declared as attackers , so they won ' t count toward melee ' s effect . similarly , if a creature with melee enters the battlefield attacking , melee won ' t trigger .
first strike whenever alesha , who smiles at death attacks , you may pay { w / b } { w / b } . if you do , return target creature card with power 2 or less from your graveyard to the battlefield tapped and attacking .
a brownie is a legendary household spirit popular in folklore around scotland and northern england . they are said to inhabit houses and aid in tasks around the house . however , they do not like to be seen and will only work at night , traditionally in exchange for small gifts or food . they usually abandon the house if their gifts are called payments , or if the owners of the house misuse them .
, described first by pliny the elder and later by claudius aelianus . its head is always pointing downwards , hence its name which means
to look downwards
in greek . the creature is said to have the head of a hog and the body of a
[ … ] it was not a human in a morphsuit or an animal or anything in between . it stared , this inky black creature , and started to move towards us . now in high stress situations , i usually end up laughing to calm [ … ]
known for their bizarre characteristics , greek mythical creatures have been the subject of popular culture for thousands of years . these mythical monsters are some of the strangest , most bizarre and terrifying creations ever , ranging from glorified animals to humanoid mythical creatures . on today’s list , we are going to take a look at these mythical creatures and learn about some of their epic stories . these are 25 most legendary creatures from greek mythology .
works of art dating pre - 1900 are bursting with mythical stories and representations of fabled mythical creatures , whether they be frightening dragons , majestic centaurs or , in this case , the enchanting unicorn . each legendary creature of the past has its own history and origins . unicorns in particular have always been an especially mysterious beast , as their history can be traced back to ancient greek writings of natural history . the truth of their existence therefore has long been disputed , with the debate having lasted for over two millennia . many today believe that they did indeed once walk the earth , but whatever you believe , the unicorn’s existence is set forever within the delicate tapestries and illustrations from throughout the medieval period .
in chinese mythology , the phoenix is the symbol of high virtue and grace , of power and prosperity . it represents the union of yin and yang . it was thought to be a gentle creature , alighting so gently that it crushed nothing , and eating only dewdrops .
4 / 27 / 2018 : which creature cards to return to your hand is determined as garna ' s triggered ability resolves . if garna somehow finds its way into your graveyard before that , perhaps due to the “legend rule , ” it will be returned to your hand .
: put a + 1 / + 1 counter on ashling the pilgrim . if this is the third time this ability has resolved this turn , remove all + 1 / + 1 counters from ashling the pilgrim , and it deals that much damage to each creature and each player .
flying as alhammarret , high arbiter enters the battlefield , each opponent reveals his or her hand . you choose the name of a nonland card revealed this way . your opponents can ' t cast spells with the chosen name ( as long as this creature is on the battlefield ) .
according to native folklore the creature has a series of unnatural characteristics related to other fantastic beings of brazilian mythology . these include the creature only having one eye , long claws , caiman skin , backward feet and a second mouth on its belly . in more recent eyewitness accounts it has consistently been described as resembling either an ape or giant ground - dwelling sloth and having long arms , powerful claws that could tear apart palm trees , a sloping back , reaching heights of 7 feet when standing on its hind legs and is covered in thick , matted fur . – source
any tentacled creature roaming the deep ocean sounds unnerving , but imagine one that can grow up to 50 feet with hundreds of fine teeth and sharp hooks lining its long , muscly limbs and enormous eyes of up to 40cm . are you scared yet ? good , because it’s totally real .
the daughter of poseidon and gaia ; charybdis is a huge bladder of a creature whose face is all mouth and whose arms and legs are flippers . she swallows huge amounts of water three times a day , before belching it back out again , creating large whirlpools capable of sinking large ships .
9 / 20 / 2014 : while anafenza is on the battlefield , abilities that trigger whenever a nontoken creature your opponent owns dies won ' t trigger , as that card will never reach that player ' s graveyard . ( token creatures will still go to the graveyard briefly before ceasing to exist . )
the minotaur was a humanoid mythical creature with the head of a bull on the body of a man . he dwelt at the center of the cretan labyrinth , which was an elaborate maze designed by the architect daedalus and his son icarus . the bull - man was eventually slain by the athenian hero theseus .
the centaur is a humanoid mythical creature with the head , arms , and torso of a human and the body and legs of a horse . perhaps one of the most popular centaurs in greek mythology is chiron . he stands in contrast to the typical depiction of centaurs being indulgent and violent drinkers with his intelligence and enviable medical skills .
the chimera was a monstrous fire - breathing female creature of lycia in asia minor who was composed of the parts of three animals ; a lion , a snake and a goat . the term chimera has come to describe any mythical or fictional animal with parts taken from various animals , or to describe concepts perceived as wildly imaginative or implausible .
8 / 23 / 2016 : it doesn ' t matter how many creatures you attacked a player with , only that you attacked a player with at least one creature . for example , if you attack one player with wings of the guard and another player with five creatures , wings of the guard will get + 2 / + 2 until end of turn .
the mono grande ( spanish for “large monkey” ) , a large monkey - like creature , has been occasionally reported in south america . such creatures are reported as being much larger than the commonly accepted new world monkeys . these accounts have received rather little publicity , and typically generated little or no interest from mainstream experts , but have received some notice in cryptozoology . – source
the manananggal ( sometimes confused with the wak wak ) is a mythical creature of the philippines , an evil , man - eating and blood - sucking monster or witch . it is described as hideous , scary , often depicted as female , and capable of severing its upper torso and sprouting huge bat - like wings to fly into the night in search of its victims . – source
9 / 20 / 2014 : if your opponent discards a creature card while anafenza is on the battlefield , abilities that function when a card is discarded ( such as madness ) still work , even though that card never reaches a graveyard . in addition , spells or abilities that check the characteristics of a discarded card ( such as chandra ablaze ' s first ability ) can find that card in exile .
cryptozoology ( from greek : κρυπτός , kryptós ,
hidden
; ζῷον , zôon ,
animal
; and λόγος , logos ,
knowledge
or
study
– c . f . zoology ) is the search for animals believed to exist , but for which conclusive evidence is missing . among these are included some of the legendary creatures . the field also includes the search for known animals believed to be extinct . while cryptozoologists strive for legitimacy – some of them are respected scientists in other fields – and discoveries of previously unknown animals are often subject to great attention , however , cryptozoology has not been fully embraced by the scientific community .
grassman , also known as the ohio grassman and kenmore grassman , is an alleged bipedal , ape - like creature reportedly seen in the state of ohio , primarily around kenmore , near the akron , ohio area and throughout eastern ohio into western pa . and central and southern ohio into wv . it was first allegedly sighted in gallia county , ohio in 1869 . grassman’s main foodsouce is wheat grass . – source
in may 2001 , reports began to circulate in the indian capital new delhi of a strange monkey - like creature that was appearing at night and attacking people . eyewitness accounts were often inconsistent , but tended to describe the creature as about four feet ( 120 cm ) tall , covered in thick black hair , with a metal helmet , metal claws , glowing red eyes and three buttons on its chest ; others , however , described the monkey - man as having a more vulpine snout , and being up to eight feet tall , and muscular ; it would leap from building to building like a parcour enthusiast . still others have described it as a bandaged figure or as a helmeted thing . theories on the nature of the monkey man ranged from an avatar of the hindu god hanuman , to an indian version of bigfoot . – source