leucoptera sinuella is a moth in the lyonetiidae family .

it is found in most of europe , except ireland , the balkan peninsula and the mediterranean islands .

it is also found in japan ( hokkaido , honshu ) and north africa .

the wingspan is about 6 millimetres ( 0.24 in ) .

the larvae feed on populus alba , populus candicans , populus deltoides , populus gileadensis , populus nigra , populus tremula , salix aurita , salix caprea , salix cinerea , salix fragilis , salix purpurea .

they mine the leaves of their host plant .

the mine consists of a large , upper-surface blotch .

pupation takes place outside of the mine .

leucoptera sinuella

cemiostoma sinuella reutti , 1853 . beitr . rheim . naturg . freiberg a b 3 : 208 leucoptera sinuella ( reutti , 1853 ) .
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eggs are deposited on the upperside of the leaf , mostly in groups of 5 - 10 , less often singly , generally along a vein ; the empty shells are flat and shining . the snow - white larvae form large , upper - surface blotches in which considerable larvae may be present , also mines may coalesce . pupation is external ; exit slit in upper epidermis ( bladmineerders van europa ) .
larva : the larvae of moths have a head capsule and chewing mouthparts with opposable mandibles ( see video of a gracillarid larva feeding ) , six thoracic legs and abdominal legs ( see examples ) .
pupa : the pupae of moths have visible head appendages , wings and legs which lie in sheaths ( see examples ) .
described by patocka ( 2000a ) , patocka and turcani ( 2005a ) . pupation is solitary under a conspicuous white spinning in the shape of an ' h ' ( van frankenhuyzen and freriks , 1970a ) ( bladmineerders van europa ) .
adult : the adult is not illustrated in ukmoths ( check for update ) . the species is included in urltoken .
distribution elsewhere : widespread in continental europe including austria , belarus , belgium , czech republic , danish mainland , estonia , finland , french mainland , germany , hungary , italian mainland , kaliningrad region , latvia , lithuania , norwegian mainland , poland , romania , russia - central , east and northwest , slovakia , spanish mainland , sweden , switzerland , the netherlands and ukraine ( karsholt and van nieukerken in fauna europaea ) .
if you have any good quality photographs and would like to contribute , please contact me by email at ian @ ukmoths . co . uk .
ukmoths is built , run and maintained by ian kimber , with thanks to the many kind contributors who provide photos and information .
the ukmoths facebook page is a great place to post your identification queries . more often than not you ' ll get a positive id on most photos fairly quickly .
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corresponds to a report on the basis of at least one observation proved within a period of 10 years ( 20 years for little - known invertebrates ) preceding the year and no presumption of extinction since obtaining the last data nor doubt on reproductive and implemented nature of this population . for migratory species , the presence indicated concerns areas of reproduction .
the last reliable sighting is older than 10 years compared to the reference date , no recent specific research and no presumption of extinction from that date [ vertebrates , invertebrates and plants well studied ( rhopalocera , grasshoppers , dragonflies . . . ) ] ;
the last reliable observation being older than 20 years , no recent specific research and no presumption of extinction from that date [ poorly known taxa : fungus , many invertebrates . . . ] .
this point covers the absence , more difficult by nature to demonstrate than presence . this status is based on one or more of the following criteria :
this status must be assigned to a department in which the presence of the species is casual .
particular case of absence due to a proven extinction less than a half century ago ( older disappearances are treated as
no probable or definite
) .
in the state of knowledge , we can not comment on the presence or absence in the current department . this is the default status when not comprised in one of the previous categories or whenever there is doubt .
warning : the data available reflects the progression status of knowledge or the availability of the inventories . it should never be considered as comprehensive .
national inventory of natural heritage , website : https : / / inpn . mnhn . fr .
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taxa in danger of extinction and whose survival is unlikely if the causal factors continue operating . superseded by new iucn categories in 1994 , but still applicable to lists that have not been reviewed since 1994 .
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notes : extinct in the british isles , formerly in a small stand of aspens near the railway station at aviemore , inverness - shire , where persistent until the 1950s , when it disappeared suddenly ; recent searching has failed to reveal any sign of its continued presence ( mbgbi vol 2 ) . unlikely to be recorded in hampshire or on the isle of wight . wingspan 7 - 8 mm . larva mines leaves of aspen , over - wintering as a pupa .
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mylothris chloris , the western dotted border or common dotted border , is a butterfly in the pieridae family .

it is found in senegal , the gambia , mali , guinea-bissau , guinea , sierra leone , liberia , ivory coast , burkina faso , ghana , togo , benin , nigeria , cameroon , equatorial guinea , gabon , the republic of the congo , the central african republic , the democratic republic of the congo , sudan , uganda , kenya and tanzania .

the habitat consists of open woodland and dense savanna , but may also be found in disturbed rainforest areas and suburban gardens .

the larvae feed on osyris abyssinicus , englerina gabonensis , phragmanthera capitata , loranthus and viscum species .

mylothris chloris

mylothris chloris ( fabricius , 1775 ) = papilio chloris fabricius , 1775 = papilio thermopylae cramer , [ 1779 ] = mylothris afraorientalis stoneham , 1937 .
mylothris chloris . . . the pretty pierid angel that came my way earlier today .
mylothris chloris is found from gambia and senegal to ethiopia , and south to uganda and kenya .
common dotted border ( mylothris chloris ) . many thanks to tanya mass ( butterfly colour ) for the i d .
the yellow in the centre next yo the small mylothris is an unknown to me .
common dotted border ( mylothris agathina ) feeding on stuff i ' d prefer not to mention at waterberg resort , namibia .
there are many beautiful butterflies in the gambia , this beautifully coloured common dotted border – mylothris chloris – ( also known as the western dotted border ) is just one of them . seen in a lesser known part of the grounds of the laico atlantic hotel in banjul , the gambia .
mylothris is confined to the african continent and includes 51 species , most of which are distributed across the forest belt from cameroon to western kenya .
species share a number of characteristics : they have rounded wings with a black apex on the upperside forewings . on the underside , fore and hindwings of most species have a single row of prominent black marginal spots , hence the butterflies in this genus are all known as dotted borders . m . chloris is untypical , having instead a broad dark margin on the hindwings .
this species is found in open woodland , forest clearings , acacia scrub , savannah / forest mosaics , parks and gardens , at altitudes between sea level and about 1200m .
both sexes fly throughout the day around tree tops , where courtship and copulation take place .
the flight is slow and deliberate , and in conjunction with the conspicuous appearance is indicative of the fact that the butterflies are distasteful to avian predators .
males are usually seen singly when imbibing mineralised moisture around the edges of puddles on forest tracks , normally in shaded or semi - shaded areas .
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to cite this page : myers , p . , r . espinosa , c . s . parr , t . jones , g . s . hammond , and t . a . dewey . 2018 . the animal diversity web ( online ) . accessed at https : / / animaldiversity . org .
disclaimer : the animal diversity web is an educational resource written largely by and for college students . adw doesn ' t cover all species in the world , nor does it include all the latest scientific information about organisms we describe . though we edit our accounts for accuracy , we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts . while adw staff and contributors provide references to books and websites that we believe are reputable , we cannot necessarily endorse the contents of references beyond our control .
this material is based upon work supported by the national science foundation grants drl 0089283 , drl 0628151 , due 0633095 , drl 0918590 , and due 1122742 . additional support has come from the marisla foundation , um college of literature , science , and the arts , museum of zoology , and information and technology services .
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ackery pr , smith cr , and vane - wright ri eds . 1995 . carcasson ' s african butterflies . canberra : csiro .
larsen , t . b . 2005 butterflies of west africa . stenstrup , denmark : apollo books .
vane - wright , r . i . , liseki , s . d . 2011 . on the status of pseudomylothris neustetter , a supposed endemic butterfly genus from the uluguru mountains of tanzania ( lepidoptera : pieridae ) . journal of research on the lepidoptera 44 , 85 - 93 .
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curators : konstantin efetov , vasiliy feoktistov , svyatoslav knyazev , evgeny komarov , stan korb , alexander zhakov .
species catalog enables to sort by characteristics such as expansion , flight time , etc . .
a taxon identifier is composed of name , author , year and attribute , all separated by a blank . these are all extracted from the original publication .
the name is reproduced exactly as proposed in the original publication . the name of a genus is made up of one word and species made up of two words ( genus and species ) separated by a blank .
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created by dicky sick ki yu 1997 - 2012 please send me information about errors and omissions ( contact information ) with supporting references , possibly with pdf or hard copy .
butteflies on a poinsettia - mbita , kenya by j . a . g .
taken at waterkloof wine estate , sir lowry ' s road , somerset west , western cape .
i saw this one fluttering around , sucking on the sweet nectar of the beautiful wild lantanas .
( for the photo i would have preferred not just a white piece of paper where they sat on and a single specimen for picturing would have been easier to get than two of them which did disturb each other so that they unrestlessly changed their position within seconds but in the end i ' m quite satisfied that i found them at all . )
the eastern dotted border or common dotted border is a butterfly of the pieridae family . it is found in mozambique , zimbabwe , botswana and southern and eastern south africa . wikipedia
a butterfly of the pieridae family . it is found in mozambique , zimbabwe , botswana and southern and eastern south africa . the wingspan is 50–60 mm ( 2 . 0–2 . 4 in ) for males and 52–65 mm ( 2 . 0–2 . 6 in ) for females . this visitor to our garden gave me quite the runaround before i managed to get this shot . : - )
common names : common dotted border butterfly ; gewone voelent - witjie ( afrikaans ) .
taken at harold porter botanic gardens in betty ' s bay , western cape , south africa .
although quite common , for me it remains one of the most beautiful local butterflies to photograph , especially with the wings closed .
macro photograph of an
orange shouldered white
butterfly on ribbon bush flowers ( hypoestes ) .
taken at harold porter botanic gardens , betty ' s bay , western cape .
went to nylsvlei to do some bird watching but ended up butterfly spotting due to lack of birds . . . . .
any help with id ' s corrections and confirmations is always very much appreciated .
i am happy with this name but i have no idea if there are any other similar species . any help with confirming or denying the id will be greatly appreciated
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kentrochrysalis sieversi is a species of moth of the family sphingidae .

it is known from the southern part of the russian far east , north-eastern china and south korea .

the wingspan is 88 – 90 mm .

adults are on wing from mid may to mid august in korea .

the larvae have been recorded feeding on fraxinus species in primorskiy kray .

kentrochrysalis sieversi

note . visually , apart from size , kentrochrysalis sieversi can be very difficult to separate from kentrochrysalis heberti haxaire & melichar , 2010 . records of one may be of the other species .
the records from fujian , hubei and sichuan may be miss - labelled specimens which have been at some time confused with kentrochrysalis sieversi .
kentrochrysalis sieversi , female , upperside . china , shaanxi , tai bai shan - mts . ( s ) , tsinling - mts . , houzbenzi
in the male genitalia , uncus suddenly narrowed to a short , pointed hook . gnathos divided into 2 triangular lobes . valve similar to that of kentrochrysalis sieversi , broadest near the base . harpe similar to that of kentrochrysalis sieversi , but the ventral process shorter ; in addition there are 5 or 6 further processes , which vary in form and position between specimens , but the most ventral is always large . aedeagus as in kentrochrysalis sieversi .
kentrochrysalis sieversi alphéraky , 1897 , in romanoff ( ed . ) , mém . lépid . 9 : 164 . type locality : corea [ korea ] .
as it is very difficult to visually separate kentrochrysalis sieversi from kentrochrysalis heberti haxaire & melichar , 2010 , the records from zhejiang , sichuan , yunnan , hunan and fujian may be of the latter . the record from hainan , however , is correct .
wingspan : 88 - - 90mm . hindwing with vein m2 arising before centre of cell ( cross - vein m1 - m2 shorter than m2 - m3 ) ; veins rs , m1 longer stalked than in kentrochrysalis streckeri . antenna without a large brown patch as in kentrochrysalis streckeri , the segments only weakly dilated laterally compared with kentrochrysalis streckeri ; fasciculated cilia of distal segments shorter than in kentrochrysalis streckeri . pilifer with scales and some bristles . palpus not hairy , unlike kentrochrysalis streckeri .
kentrochrysalis havelki holotype ( china , shaanxi , qinling mts . , s from baoji ) ( smcr ) male upperside
antennae of both sexes with a large brown patch on the upperside , and with fasciculated cilia on all segments , the cilia long on the terminal segments in the male ; segments rounded - dilated dorso - laterally in both sexes , especially the middle ones . pilifer with a brush of scales and a few bristles . palpus , especially the first segment , rough with hairs , unlike kentrochrysalis sieversi .
endemic to japan . records from mainland asia are erroneous and are of misidentified individuals of kentrochrysalis streckeri , as demonstrated by kim , kim , choi , cho & kim ( 2016 ) for south korea .
wingspan : 62 - - 72mm . most similar in appearance to kentrochrysalis streckeri , but differs in having the forewing upperside discal lines less dentate ; the two antemedian lines distinct , ending at the inner margin in a blackish patch that is prolonged basad .
in the male genitalia , uncus more abruptly narrowed and curved than in kentrochrysalis streckeri . gnathos very broad , truncate , the sides obtusely dentate . valve widest near base , the inner surface with long , thin scales . harpe very large , basally reaching close to the dorsal margin of the valve , and ventro distally to its apex ; the ventral finger - like process short , above it is a pointed triangular , upcurved process ; the baso - dorsal part of the harpe has large teeth . aedeagus similar to that of kentrochrysalis streckeri , but the hook longer .
synonym . hyloicus houlberti oberthür , 1920 , etudes de lépidoptèrologie comparée 17 : 1 - 24 . type locality : thibet , tâ - tsien - loû [ china , sichuan , kangding ] .
china : v - viii ( zhejiang ) ; vii ( liaoning ) . russia : 6 . vii ( primorskiy kray ) .
park et al . ( 1999 ) give mid may until mid august as the flight period in korea .
larval hostplants . recorded in primorskiy kray , russia , on fraxinus ( derzhavets , 1984 ) .
china : heilongjiang ; jilin ( changbai shan ) ; liaoning ( changhai , dachangshan island ) ; hebei ; beijing ( sanbao ; baihua shan ) ; zhejiang ( tianmu shan , 1500 - 1600m ) ; sichuan ( kangding ; pengshui ) ; yunnan ( yanmen ) ; ? hunan ; fujian ( longqi shan ) ; hainan ( wuzhi shan ) .
south korea : kyonggi prov . ( gwangleung ; chukryong - san ; cheongpyong ; myungji - san ) ; kangwon prov . ( samak - san ; seolak - san ; chiak - san ; chuncheon ; jeombong - san ; bangtae - san ; odae - san ; jungseon ; bongmyung - ri ; pyungchang ) ; north chungchong prov . ( mungyungsaejae ; songni - san ) ; north cholla prov . ( deokyu - san ) ; north kyongsang prov . ( cheongyang - san ) ; south kyongsang prov . ( gaji - san ) .
kentochrysalis [ sic ] consimilis rothschild & jordan , 1903 , novit . zool . 9 ( suppl . ) : 163 ( key ) , 164 . type locality : japan , [ honshu , tochigi , near nikko , ] chinzengi [ chuzenji - ko ] ; japan , [ honshu , ] tokei [ tokyo ] ; japan , [ honshu , tochigi , ] nikko .
japan : honshu ( chiuzenji ; schirane ; karuizawa ; nikko ; hoppo ; mt . daisen ; tokei - ji ; mt . mitake , tokyo ; kirizumi spa , 1080m ; yunotaira spa ; gozaishodake ; kisojihara ; mitsumine ; kiyosato , 1300m ) ; shikoku ; kyushu .
sphinx streckeri staudinger , [ nov . 15 ] 1880 , ent . nachr . 6 : 252 . type locality : [ russia , primorskiy kray , ] wladiwostok [ vladivostok ] .
in the male genitalia , uncus triangular , about twice as long as broad basally , pointed , flat dorsally , downcurved , prismatically compressed distally , carinate ventrally . gnathos broad , short truncate - sinuate , angles rounded . valve with dorso - distal margin very oblique . harpe with a broad , almost flat , dentate , sinuate upper lobe , and a slender , cylindrical , obtuse ventro - distal process . aedagus terminating in a long , slender , pointed hook curving proximad and sinstrad . in the female genitalia , ostial plate weakly sinuate . ostial cavity covered proximally by a broad , rounded lobe .
china : 16 . iv ( baihua shan , beijing ) ; 13 . v ( baihua shan , beijing ) ; urltoken ( nei mongol ) ; vii ( heilongjiang ) . north korea : vii ( jueul , 1500m ) . russia : 13 . v - 20 . vii ( khabarovskiy kray ) ; v - viii ( primorskiy kray ) ; 23 . viii ( khabarovskiy kray ) .
park et al . ( 1999 ) give late april until early august as the flight period in korea .
at khabarovsk , russia , there is a full generation in may / june / july , with a partial second generation in august in some years ( dubatolov , pers . comm . 2010 )
ovum : pale yellow when first laid , almost spherical ( 2 . 1 x 1 . 9mm ) , shiny and smooth . after 3 - 4 days turns brownish - purple if fertile . becomes transparent just before hatching , with the green and purple larva visible within . laid singly on the underside of a leaf of the hostplant .
larva : full - fed 60 - - 65mm . on hatching , the 7mm larva is peppermint green with a purple ' core ' , particularly for the anterior segments . this purple pigmentation appears to be derived from eating the eggshell as it quickly vanishes after feeding on foliage , the body then becoming a uniform translucent peppermint green . however , the thoracic segments acquire a yellowish tint with growth , and a faint , pale , dorso - lateral line appears . the head is spherical and peppermint green , the horn blackish - purple , paler laterally , with a bifurcated tip . ( very similar to that of sphinx ligustri , apart from the purple coloration . )
settles down very quickly under a leaf after hatching , resting along the midrib and eating the leaf from it ' s tip backwards .
the larva remains basically peppermint green in the second instar , but becomes more yellowish dorsally , more greyish ventrally . with growth , the pale dorso - lateral line fades away except for on the thoracic segments . pale yellow oblique streaks appear laterally , that from the anal horn more pronounced . the peppermint green head becomes more triangular and develops yellow cheek stripes . the horn remains blackish dorsally and ventrally , but becomes pale yellowish - red laterally . the true legs are translucent pale yellow , the spiracles pale . final size : 20mm .
in the third instar the basic body colour becomes more apple green , yellowish dorsally , greyish ventrally , and is sparsely covered with raised yellow tubercles , some of which are sharp . the lateral oblique stripes and thoracic dorso - lateral stripe become lemon yellow , the oblique stripe from the horn is bold . the head is broadly oval - triangular , apple green , with pale yellow cheek stripes which may be edged behind with black in some . the large , conical , mainly straight horn is now more or less pale orange , with some blue dorsally , but with black tubercles along both dorsal and ventral surfaces . final size : 31mm .
in the fourth instar , which is the last for most , the basic body colour remains the same , i . e . apple green , yellowish dorsally , greyish ventrally . the now lemon yellow body tubercles , which may be raised or mere spots , are arranged in concentric rings , and are paler and smaller ventrally . the lateral oblique stripes and thoracic dorso - lateral stripe are still lemon yellow , but are now ' edged ' frontad with clear green . the oblique stripe from the horn is very bold and more creamy , and is often edged along the front with carmine red , as are some of the others . this carmine colour may also appear in many as a diffuse flush around the spiracles , this sometimes joining up below and around the base of the oblique lateral stripes to form an irregular band . the head is still broadly oval - triangular , but now with a blue - green face and creamy - white cheek stripes , which may be edged behind with black in some . both black and cream stripes are broken at the indented vertex . the long , conical , mainly straight horn is now more orange - to - carmine red , with some blue dorsally , but still with black tubercles along both dorsal and ventral surfaces . the true legs are orange edged with yellow , and darker at the base . feet of claspers paler than body ; anal clasper edged with black above foot . spiracles orange with a yellow vertical bar centrally . prior to pupation the dorsal surface becomes plum brown . final size : 60 - - 65mm .
pupa : 42 - - 47mm . mid to dark mahogany brown , and rugose , i . e . not glossy ; elongate . head with a pair of forward - projecting ridges , and with tubercular knobs over the eyes and tongue base . antennae carinate , with a ridge of fine , sharp , backward - pointing spines along their entire length . wing - cases ribbed . abdomen weakly carinate dorsally and with spiny tubercles at the shoulders and wing bases . first and second mobile abdominal segments ( i . e . abdominal segments 5 and 6 ) with a twin pair of broad - based spines ventro - laterad . cremaster long ( 4mm ) , conical , sharply pointed , with three pairs of lateral spines and two sharp tubercles at the base ventrally . formed in an almost silk - free cell in the soil . the overwintering stage .
larval hostplants . recorded in primorskiy kray , russia , on fraxinus , ligustrum and syringa ( derzhavets , 1984 ) ; izerskiy ( 1999b ) gives fraxinus mandshurica ; streltzov , osipov & malikova ( 2003 ) give syringa reticulata subsp . amurensis . recorded in korea on ligustrum obtusifolium ( park et al . , 1999 ) .
china : nei mongol ( zalantun / butha qi ) ; heilongjiang ( zhaodong ; harbin ; yichun ) ; jilin ( changbai shan ) ; beijing ( baihua shan ) ; shanxi ( wutai shan ) ; ? fujian ( longqi shan ) ; ? hubei ( lichuan ) ; ? sichuan ( kangding ) .
north korea : north hamgyong prov . ( jueul , 1500m ) ; south hamgyong prov . ( seokwang temple ) .
south korea : kyonggi prov . ( gwangleung ; soyo - san ; myungji - san ) ; kangwon prov . ( gwangduk - san ; samak - san ; daeryong - san ; geonbongryong ; seolak - san ; bangtae - san ; chiak - san ; baekduk - san ; taebek - san ; chuncheon ; geonbong temple ; bongmyung - ri ; jeombong - san ; odae - san ; yangyang ; hongcheon ; yaksu - san ; jiam - ri ) ; north chungchong prov . ( songni - san ) ; north cholla prov . ( jiri - san ) ; south cholla prov . ( baekyang temple ) ; north kyongsang prov . ( sobaek - san ; tonggo - san ; youngcheon ) ; south kyongsang prov . ( hamyang ; geoje - do ; namhae ; milyang ; sancheong ; ulsan ; hapcheon ) ; cheju prov . ( cheju - do ; topyung ; youngsil ; hare - ri ) .
russia : amurskaya ( uril area ; blagoveshchensk ) ; yevreyskaya ( bastak ) ; khabarovskiy kray ( bolshekhekhtsyrskii nature reserve , khabarovsk suburbs ; komsomolsk - na - amure ; kiselevka ) ; primorskiy kray ( andreevka ; askold island ; vladivostok ; narva ; novoselskiy , lake chanka ; kedrovaya pad nature reserve ; barabash ; anuchino ; novovladimirovka ; ussuriysk ; kravtsovka ) .
mongolia , russian far east , northeastern china , north korea and south korea .
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syntypes 7♂ corea [ korea ] ( m . jankowski ) [ zisp ] .
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staudinger , 1892 die macrolepidopteren des amurgebiets . i . theil . rhopalocera , sphinges , bombyces , noctuae in romanoff , mém . lépid . 6 : 83 - 658 , pl . 4 - 14
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discophyllitidae are discoidal , generally evolute phylloceratina from the upper triassic , derived from the ussuritidae , in which the principal saddles of the suture have bifurcated or trifurcated endings , described as being di - or triphyllic .

discophyllitid shells are rather similar to those of the ancestral ussuritidae and are distinguished primarily by the more complex suture .

the discophyllitidae provided the source for the jurassic phylloceratidae and juraphyllitidae .

four genera are recognized and described .

discophyllitidae

this is the place for discophyllitidae definition . you find here discophyllitidae meaning , synonyms of discophyllitidae and images for discophyllitidae copyright 2017 © urltoken
here you will find one or more explanations in english for the word discophyllitidae . also in the bottom left of the page several parts of wikipedia pages related to the word discophyllitidae and , of course , discophyllitidae synonyms and on the right images related to the word discophyllitidae .
the phylloceratidae are probably derived from the late triassic discophyllitidae by increasing the sutural complexity and evolving involute coiling . the discophyllitidae in tern have their origin in the ussuritidae , also known as the monophyllitidae .
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[ inclusion inside baltic amber ] pseudoscorpion + enhydros (
running water
) . rare but not extremely rare .
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for the l jur * * * * ic - u cretaceous . . .
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phylloceratidae is the predominant family of the phylloceratina with some 15 or more genera found in rocks ranging from the lower jurassic to the upper cretaceous . members of the phylloceratidae are characterized by smooth , involute shells with very thin walls . many are covered with fine growth lines but are usually without ribbing . sutures are complex with the major and minor branches of the saddles with phylloid or spatulate endings .
the phylloceratidae gave rise at or near the beginning of the jurassic to the ancestral lytoceratina , the early lower jurassic peluroacanthitidae and ectocentridae . the phyloceratidae also gave rise at or near the beginning of the jurassic to the psiloceratoidea which unites families of the early jurassic ammonitina . other jurassic ammonitina are derived from the lytoceratina . later , phylloceratids are said to have given rise to cretaceous ammonitina included in the desmoceratoidea , hoplitoidea , and acanthoceratoidea .
sutures in the phylloceratidae vary in complexity and are usually described on the basis of the saddles , which diverge to the front . saddle endings may be double ( diphyllic ) , triple ( triphyllic ) , or quadruple ( tetraphillic ) . branching may be asymmetric . intervening lobes are variably branched with thorn - like or spinose terminations as viewed in plan .
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the wingspan is 15 – 22 mm .

syndemis musculana

kari pihlaviita added the finnish common name
harmorullakääriäinen
to
syndemis musculana hübner 1800
.
syndemis musculana ( dark - barred tortrix ) - norfolk micro moths - the micro moths of norfolk .
hans - martin braun added the english common name
dark - barred twist
to
syndemis musculana hübner 1800
.
kari pihlaviita set
adult - lateral view - close - up - enlarged
as an exemplar on
syndemis musculana hübner 1800
.
. . . archips podana • archips xylosteana • agapeta hamana • celypha lacunana • choristoneura fumiferana • syndemis musculana • aethes shakibai • . . .
syndemis musculana is a moth of the family tortricidae . it is found in europe , china ( heilongjiang , jilin , inner mongolia ) , the korean peninsula , japan , russia ( amur ) and north america .
genus : syndemis herrich - schäffer , 1851 . syst . bearb . schmett . europ . 4 : 275 . [ bhl ]
type - species : tortrix musculana hübner , 1799 . samml . eur . schmett . 7 : pl . 16 fig . 98 . [ bhl ]
type - species : tortrix musculana hübner , [ 1796 - 1799 ] . samml . eur . schmett . 7 : pl . 16 , fig . 98 . . [ bhl ]
although cited by neave , 1940 , nomencl . zool . 4 : 368 , as a nomenclaturally available name herrich - schäffer attributed the name to hübner and was using syndemis hübner , [ 1825 ] .
this study was carried out to clarify the fauna of the tribe archipini , which belongs to the family tortricidae in northeast china . in the present study , fifty - four species of the tribe were recognized and enumerated . based on the present study , two species , archips viola falkovitsh and choristoneura evanidana ( kennel ) , are reported for the first time from china . also five species , archips dichotomus falkovitsh , archips similis ( butler ) , argyrotaenia angustilineata ( walsingham ) , choristoneura longicellana ( walsingham ) , and gnorismoneura orientis ( filipjev ) , are newly recorded from northeast china . all available information , including host plant , distributional range , and biological information , are listed .
foundation item : this study was support by kosef ( korea science & engineering foundation ) with the program of “korea and china young scientist exchange program” ( 2002–2003 ) .
biography : * byun bong - kyu ( 1963 - ) , male , ph . d . , researcher in korea national rrboretum , korea
( clerk ) in korea [ j ] . korean j . appl . entomol . ,
byun , b . k . , bae , y . s . , park , k . t . 1998 . illustrated catalogue of tortricidae in korea ( lepidoptera ) [ r ] . insects of korea , vol . 2 , pp 317 .
byun , b . k . , k . t . park and b . y . lee . 1996 . five species of tortricinae new to korea [ j ] . korean j . entomol . ,
falkovitsh , m . i . 1965 . new eastern - asiatic species of leaf rollers ( lepidoptera , tortricidae ) [ j ] . ent . obozr . ,
jaros j . , spitzer , k . , havelka , j . and park k . t . 1992 . synecological and biogeographical outlines of lepidoptera communities in north korea [ j ] . insects of koreana ,
kawabe , a . 1982 . tortricidae and cochylidae [ c ] . in : h . inoue , s . sugi , h . kuroko , s . moriuti , a . kawabe ( eds ) moths of japan , vol . 1 : 62–258 , vol . 2 : 158–183 , pls . 14–31 , 227 , 279–295 .
kuznetsov , v . i . 1973 . leaf - rollers ( lepidoptera , tortricidae ) of the southern part of the soviet far east and their seasonal cycles [ j ] . ent . obozr . ,
liu youqiao . 1983a . cochylidae and tortricidae [ c ] . in : animal research institute of chinese academy sciences ( ed ) iconographia heterocerorum sinicorum ( 1 ) beijing : science press , p 28–56 , pls . : 6–8 . ( in chinese )
hübner ( lepidoptera : tortricidae ) [ j ] . zool . res . ,
liu youqiao , bai jiuwei . 1977 . lepidoptera , tortricidae , part 1 [ c ] . in : economic insect fauna of china ( vol . 11 ) . beijing : science press : p 1–93 , 24 pls .
hübner ( lepidoptera : tortricidae ) with description of two new species [ j ] . acta zool . sinica ,
liu youqiao , li guangwu . 2002 . insecta , lepidoptera , tortricidae . [ c ] in : editorial committee of fauna sinica , chinese academy sciences ( ed ) fauna sinica ( vol . 27 ) . beijing : science press , pp . 463 , plates . 1–136 , colour plates 1–2 .
hübner ( lepidoptera , tortricidae ) [ j ] . acta zool . cracov . ,
yasuda , t . 1972 . the tortricinae and sparganothinae of japan ( lepidoptera , tortricidae ) . part i [ j ] . bull . univ . osaka prefect . series b ,
yasuda , t . 1975 . the tortricinae and sparganothinae of japan ( lepidoptera : tortricidae ) . part ii [ j ] . bull . univ . osaka prefect . series b ,
bong - kyu , b . , shan - chun , y . & cheng - de , l . journal of forestry research ( 2003 ) 14 : 93 . urltoken
on this moth , both forewings and hindwings are primarily grey . the forewing ranges from whitish grey to brownish grey , with darker markings , which vary in intensity . some , especially worn specimens , lack discernable markings .
it is common throughout britain and ireland in a variety of habitats , including mountains , moorlands and woodlands . it flies in the late afternoon and evening in may and june , coming to light after dusk .
) , and many other trees , shrubs , herbs and grasses . it is active from july to october , overwintering as a full - grown larva to pupate in spring .
several other polyphagous species have similar brown larvae ; see detailed description below for help in distinguishing them .
. feeds from a leaf spinning or folded leaf , from july to september , overwintering as a full - grown larva to pupate in april - may .
: light burnt ochre mottled with darker burnt ochre . clypeus and base of antenna translucent white . pitchy black posterolateral mark . stemmatal area pitchy black .
: translucent yellowish brown . divided by thin inconspicuous whitish medial line . very large pitchy black lateral mark .
: often , but not always , noticeably paler dorsally than abdomen ; brownish yellow , contrasting with dark brown dorsal line .
: dorsally and laterally down to spiracles greyish brown ( or olive , or yellowish green ; bts ) . broad subspiracular band of brownish cream . ventrally greyish cream .
. the head colour , and patterns on the thoracic shield and anal plate should be compared carefully .
( dark venter . pinacula as body . plates black . lobe on posterior of anal plate ) ,
( pinacula whitish . dark venter . compare thoracic shield and anal plate . frequent on
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caracteristic greyish white ground colour and contrasting median fascia . forewing ranges from whitish grey to brownish grey .
recorded in 55 ( 80 % ) of 69 10k squares . first recorded in 05 . last recorded in 2018 .
underlying maps using digital map data © norfolk online lepidoptera archive - nola™ 2018 . © james wheeler - n o r f o l k m o t h s 2007 - 2018 . data © nola™ 2018
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wingspan 15 - 22 mm . on this moth , both forewings and hindwings are primarily grey . the forewing ranges from whitish grey to brownish grey , with darker markings which vary in intensity . some , especially worn specimens , lack discernable markings .
it flies in the late afternoon and evening in may and june , coming to light after dusk .
the larva feeds from a leaf spinning or folded leaf on bramble birch and oak and many other trees , shrubs , herbs and grasses . it is active from july to october , overwintering as a full - grown larva to pupate in the spring .
it is common throughout britain and ireland . in the butterfly conservation’s microlepidoptera report 2011 this species was classified as common .
quite common in leicestershire and rutland . l & r moth group status = a ( common and resident )
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notes : common in open woodland , mature hedgerows and high moorland throughout the british isles . widespread and common in hampshire and on the isle of wight . wingspan 15 - 22 mm . the greyish white or white ground colour and the contrasting median fascia are characteristic [ bradley ] . larva feeds on bramble , oak and birch , living within a spun or rolled leaf , and over - wintering in a cocoon .
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ans less often on grasses or herbaceous plants . it hibernates in that tube and pupates in the larval habitation or amongst ground litter .
the adults have been observed from late april till the end of july . most specimens have been seen in may . they fly in late afternoon till dark and later occasionally come to light and sugar .
belgium , limburg , kinrooi , 21 may 2005 . ( photo © maarten jacobs )
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type specimens : syntype ( s ) europe : ? locality , ( ? depository ) . .
t @ rts : online world catalogue of the tortricidae ( ver . 2 . 0 )
by gilligan , t . m . , j . baixeras , j . w . brown & k . r . tuck . 2012 .
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type - species designation : by subsequent designation by fernald , 1908 . genera tortricidae types : 11 , 54 .
the wingspan is 15–22 mm . the adults fly from april to july in the temperate parts of their range , such as belgium and the netherlands .
the caterpillars feed on oaks ( quercus ) , birches ( betula ) , spruces ( picea ) , ragworts ( senecio ) and rubus ( brambles and allies ) . less usually , they have been recorded to eat plant refuse and dry leaves .
. . . wikipedia , l ' encyclopédie libre . • olethreutini • • celypha lacunana • classification • règne • animalia • embranchement • arthropoda . . .
. . . celypha lacunana ) • taxonomische indeling • • rijk : • animalia ( dieren ) • . . .
. . . ( bladrollers ) • geslacht : • celypha • • soort • celypha lacunana denis & schiffermüller , 1775 • • portaal • biologie . . .
. . . portaal • biologie insecten de brandnetelbladroller ( celypha lacunana ) , is een nachtvlinder uit de familie tortricidae , de . . .
. . . onderwerp horen , zijn te vinden op de pagina celypha lacunana op wikimedia commons . overgenomen van
http : / / nl . . .
. . . - schäffer • 1851 • • • • • s • tortricidae • celypha lacunana • xxxx xxxx ! xxxx xxxx • denis & schiffermüller . . .
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ws : 14 - 18mm ; bivoltine jul , oct and overwinters ; silver / downy birch ( betula pendula / pubsecens ) ; common in woodland throughout gb . synonym : peronea ferrugana ( pierce & metcalfe ) , acleris tripunctana ( btm )
ground colour pale to reddish ochreous , sometimes with darker strigulation and a few scattered black scales .
assuming that the illustrations in mbgbi 5 . 1 are incorrectly labelled * : in
the aedeagus has a simple apex and 3 short spiniform cornuti . there are also differences in the shape of the sacculus , that of
the anterior border of the sterigma has a notch on each side with short lateral projections and shorter medial projections . in
the introitus is strongly sclerotised , broader posteriorly and broader than the ductus bursae .
in razowski ( 1984 , 2001 , 2002 ) are reversed
- in both sexes . i have not seen these references , but either [ mbgbi5 . 1 has repeated this error ] or [ all other references are incorrect and the synonyms given in mbgbi5 . 1 are reversed ] . images and illustrations showing the preapical aedeagal spine in the male and a notched anterior border to the sterigma with a broad introitus in the female are labelled as
§1 strumpshaw fen , norfolk ; 01 / 11 / 204 ; fw 7 . 9mm ; female §2 winterton , norfolk ; 09 / 07 / 2015 ; fw 7 . 0mm ; male ; to light §3 strumpshaw fen , norfolk ; 07 / 08 / 2015 ; male ; fw 7 . 7mm ; to light all images © chris lewis


scopula pauperata is a moth of the family geometridae .

it is found on borneo .

the habitat consists of lowland forests .

adults are white with a variable grey fasciation and suffusion .

scopula pauperata

select a genus & species ignobilia prout - ignobilia urnaria guenže zythos fletcher - zythos turbata walker - zythos avellanea prout - zythos strigata warren - zythos obliterata warren antitrygodes warren - antitrygodes divisaria walker - antitrygodes pseudagrata sp . n problepsis lederer - problepsis plenorbis prout - problepsis apollinaria guenže - problepsis borneamagna sp . n - problepsis delphiaria guenže - problepsis achlyobathra prout scopula schrank - scopula inficita walker - scopula actuaria walker - scopula usticinctaria walker - scopula mecysma swinhoe - scopula opicata fabricius - scopula adeptaria walker - scopula insolata aequibrachiata ssp . n - scopula flavinsolata sp . n - scopula annularia swinhoe - scopula planidisca bastelberger - scopula pulchellata fabricius - scopula parodites prout - scopula pithogona prout - scopula brookesae holloway - scopula sp . ? albiflava warren - scopula coangulata prout - scopula voluptaria prout - scopula ? pallidiceps warren - scopula pauperata prout - scopula leucopis prout - scopula quadratisparsa holloway - scopula vacuata guenže - scopula subdecorata warren - scopula hyphenophora warren - scopula succrassula prout - scopula sp ? sybillaria swinhoe - scopula melinau sp . n - scopula nesciaroides sp . n - scopula asymmetrica sp . n - scopula phallarcuata sp . n - scopula deflavarioides sp . n - scopula 18361 - scopula 9015 - scopula 9012 , 18422
this is one of the larger bornean scopula , distinguished by variable grey fasciation and suffusion on a whitish ground .
specimens taken at altitude on g . kinabalu are larger , paler than those from the lowlands ( both illustrated ) , but are females only . males will be needed to determine whether sibling species are involved . s . spissitarsata warren from sumatra is related to pauperata , having similarly bifid sclerotised arms to the valves of the male genitalia .
scopula - species dictionary - global : ispot nature - your place to share nature . ispot is a website aimed at helping anyone identify anything in nature . once you ' ve registered , you can add an observation to the website and suggest an identification yourself or see if anyone else can identify it for you .
walker , 1861 , list specimens lepid . insects colln br . mus . , 23 : 761 .
the species is common in lowland forest but occurs infrequently up to 1930m on g . kinabalu ( see taxonomic note ) .
the largest bornean species , voluptaria has a whitish ground colour , strong marginal black dots , and diagnostic blackening within the postmedial and submarginal complex of fasciae at the dorsum , and distal from the discal spot . the fasciae are otherwise rather faint .
this species belongs to a group that includes the himalayan s . extimaria walker and s . ochricrinita prout , and s . pallidiceps warren from lombok . these taxa share similarities of facies and of the male abdomen : small coremata laterally on segment 5 ; a large straight ceratum on the right of sternite 8 , with that on the left vestigial ; short , broad socii that bear long setae . in voluptaria the valve processes are broader , blunt rather than acute .
only recorded from g . kinabalu , the species is infrequent at 1620m - 1760m .
sabah : ulu dusun , 30 miles w . of sandakan , 28 - 31 . 1 . 1976
2 ( slide , 18416 , 18430 ) , 1 ( slide 18431 ) pulo laut , borneo ( doherty ) june ' 91 .
walker , 1861 , list specimens lepid . insects colln br . mus . , 23 : 765 .
records have been made from the lowlands to 1618m , but the species was particularly frequent on the limestone g . api during the mulu survey at 250m and in lower montane forest at 900m .
both ground colour and fasciation of the wings are distinctly ochreous in tint , the postmedials of both wings rather irregular in course .
only two bornean specimens have been seen , one from hill dipterocarp forest at 300m on g . mulu , the other from the forest edge ( 100m ) at the danum valley field centre , sabah .
walker , 1861 , list specimens lepid . insects colln br . mus . , 23 : 860 .
the pattern of straight fasciae on a bone - white ground is distinctive . the forewing fasciae converge at the apex of the wing .
tropical africa , sri lanka , india , hainan , burma , sundaland , philippines , sulawesi , timor , new guinea .
only one bornean specimen has been seen , collected at the end of the previous century in sandakan .
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to date 683 species of macro - moth along with 1159 species of micro - moth have been recorded in norfolk since records began in victorian times . this site aims to provide full details of all the species that occur ( or once occurred ) in norfolk , with photographs , descriptions , flight graphs , latest records , distribution maps and more !
if you have photos of any moths featured on this site , and would like them displayed along with your name and comments . . . please send them in ( any size . jpg images ) .
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underlying maps using digital map data © norfolk online lepidoptera archive - nola™ 2018 . © james wheeler - n o r f o l k m o t h s 2007 - 2018 . data © nola™ 2018


plesiocystiscus gutta is a species of minute sea snail , a marine gastropod in the family marginellidae , sometimes instead placed in the eponymous family cystiscidae .

this species is sometimes known simply as cystiscus gutta .

plesiocystiscus gutta

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how can i put and write and define plesiocystiscus gutta in a sentence and how is the word plesiocystiscus gutta used in a sentence and examples ? 用plesiocystiscus gutta造句 , 用plesiocystiscus gutta造句 , 用plesiocystiscus gutta造句 , plesiocystiscus gutta meaning , definition , pronunciation , synonyms and example sentences are provided by ichacha . net .
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - species : plesiocystiscus gutta ( s . gofas & f . fernandes , 1988 ) - id : 2030451745
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gland , switzerland , 5 july 2018 ( iucn ) – australia’s unique reptiles – including lizards and snakes – face severe threats from invasive species and climate change , with 7 % of th . . .
the value of medicinal and aromatic plant trade has increased three - fold in the past 20 years , but traditional harvesting practices are being replaced by less sustainable alternatives . . . .
a recently released iucn technical brief recommends increasing investments in sustainable land management practices , as well as better cooperation between agriculturalists and conservationists to conse . . .
gofas s . & fernandes f . 1988 . the marginellids of são tomé , west africa . journal of conchology 33 ( 1 ) : 1 - 30 , pls . 1 - 2 . page ( s ) : 16 - 19 , pl . 2a [ details ]
coovert g . a . & coovert h . k . ( 1995 ) revision of the supraspecific classification of marginelliform gastropods . the nautilus 109 ( 2 - 3 ) : 43 - 110 . , available online at urltoken page ( s ) : 67 [ details ]
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gofas s . & fernandes f . 1988 . the marginellids of são tomé , west africa . < i > journal of conchology < / i > 33 ( 1 ) : 1 - 30 , pls . 1 - 2 .
coovert g . a . & coovert h . k . ( 1995 ) revision of the supraspecific classification of marginelliform gastropods . < i > the nautilus < / i > 109 ( 2 - 3 ) : 43 - 110 .
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two new species of teretia ( gastropoda : raphitomidae ) from west africa . in 8vo , offp . , pp . 15 with 9 figs . offprint from iberus 35 ( 2 )
a new genus of the family tornidae ( gastropoda : truncatelloidea ) with the description of eight new species . in 8vo , offp . , pp . 18 with 9 figs . offprint from iberus 34 ( 2 )
taxonomic notes on the alvania dictyophora complex with the description of alvania desabatae spec . nov . ( gastropoda : rissoidae ) from the mediterranean sea . in 8vo , offp . , pp . 18 with 5 figs ( 2 in color ) . offprint from iberus 34 ( 2 )
gastropods collected along the continental slope of the colombian carribean during the invemar - macrofauna campaigns ( 1998 - 2001 ) . in 8vo , offp . , pp . 33 , with 56 figs . offprint from iberus 22 ( 1 )
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circuitus , a new genus of the family tornidae ( gastropoda , truncatelloidea ) with the description of six new species . in 8vo , broch . , pp . 16 with 7 figs . extract from iberus 35 ( 1 ) .
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calamorhabdium is a small genus of colubrid snakes known as iridescent snakes .

the genus contains two described species .

both species are burrowing snakes found in asia .

calamorhabdium

calamorhabdium kuekenthali boettger 1898 calamorhabdium kuekenthali — manthey & grossmann 1997 : 329 calamorhabdium kuekenthali — wallach et al . 2014 : 143
calamorhabdium acuticeps ahl 1933 : 579 calamorhabdium acuticeps — de lang & vogel 2005 calamorhabdium acuticeps — wallach et al . 2014 : 143
type species : calamorhabdium kuekenthali boettger 1898 is the type species of the genus calamorhabdium boettger 1898 .
beolens , bo ; michael watkins , and michael grayson 2011 . the eponym dictionary of reptiles . johns hopkins university press , baltimore , usa - get paper here
boettger , o . 1898 . katalog der reptilien - sammlung im museum der senckenbergischen naturforschenden gesellschaft in frankfurt / m . 2 . teil ( schlangen ) . frankfurt / m ( gebr . knauer ) , i - ix + 1 - 160 . - get paper here
manthey , u . & grossmann , w . 1997 . amphibien & reptilien südostasiens . natur und tier verlag ( münster ) , 512 pp . - get paper here
wallach , van ; kenneth l . williams , jeff boundy 2014 . snakes of the world : a catalogue of living and extinct species . taylor and francis , crc press , 1237 pp .
this database is maintained by peter uetz ( database content ) and jakob hallermann , zoological museum hamburg ( new species and updates ) .
holotype : zmb ( not explicitly mentioned in ahl 1933 but other types from the same paper are in zmb ) .
ahl , e . 1933 . ergebnisse der celebes und halmahera expedition heinrich 1930 - 32 . reptilien und amphibien . mit . zool . mus . berlin 19 : 577 - 583 [ 1935 ]
koch , a . 2012 . discovery , diversity , and distribution of the amphibians and reptiles of sulawesi and its offshore islands . edition chimaira , 374 pp . [ isbn 978 - 3 - 89973 - 432 - 4 ] - get paper here
lang , r . de & g . vogel 2005 . the snakes of sulawesi . a field guide to the land snakes of sulawesi with identification keys . frankfurter beiträge zur naturkunde , 25 , edition chimaira , frankfurt am main , 312 pp .
confused by a class within a class or an order within an order ? please see our brief essay .
to cite this page : myers , p . , r . espinosa , c . s . parr , t . jones , g . s . hammond , and t . a . dewey . 2018 . the animal diversity web ( online ) . accessed at https : / / animaldiversity . org .
disclaimer : the animal diversity web is an educational resource written largely by and for college students . adw doesn ' t cover all species in the world , nor does it include all the latest scientific information about organisms we describe . though we edit our accounts for accuracy , we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts . while adw staff and contributors provide references to books and websites that we believe are reputable , we cannot necessarily endorse the contents of references beyond our control .
this material is based upon work supported by the national science foundation grants drl 0089283 , drl 0628151 , due 0633095 , drl 0918590 , and due 1122742 . additional support has come from the marisla foundation , um college of literature , science , and the arts , museum of zoology , and information and technology services .
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ahl , e . ( 1933 ) ergebnisse der celebes und halmahera expedition heinrich 1930 - 32 . reptilien und amphibien . : mit . zool . mus . berlin 19 : 577 - 583 [ 1935 ]
frank , norman & ramus , erica ( 1995 ) a complete guide to scientific and common names of reptiles and amphibians of the world . : pottsville : n g publishing inc . , 377 pp .
lang , r . de & g . vogel ( 2005 ) the snakes of sulawesi . a field guide to the land snakes of sulawesi with identification keys . : frankfurter beiträge zur naturkunde , 25 , edition chimaira , frankfurt am main , 312 pp .
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threatened eastern indigo snake ( drymarchon corais couperi )
by usfws endangered species via flickr , creative commons attribution .
scarlet kingsnake eating a pinky
by snakecollector via flickr , creative commons attribution .
bull snake a . ka . the deige ( pituophis catenifer sayi )
by dallas krentzel via flickr , creative commons attribution .
western terrrestrial garter snake
by nordique via flickr , creative commons attribution .
common garter snake ( thamnophis sirtalis )
by franco folini via flickr , creative commons attribution sharealike .
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general shape very small in length , cylindrical bodied snake with a very short tail ending in an obtuse point . can grow to a maximum of about 0 . 26 metres . head is indistinct from neck . snout is pointed and projecting beyond the lower jaw . eyes are small in size with round pupils . dorsal scales are smooth without apical pits . ventrals are rounded .
general : rate of envenoming : non - venomous , so essentially all bites should be
dry
.
description : first aid for bites by non - front - fanged colubroid snakes likely to cause either no effects or only mild local effects .
treatment summary bites by this species are not expected to cause medically significant effects and the only risk , probably small , is local secondary infection . patients presenting with bites by these snakes do not require medical attention , other than to check for infection and ensure tetanus immune status . patients should be advised to return if local symptoms develop , suggesting secondary infection .
key diagnostic features either no effects or minimal local pain & swelling only . no systemic effects .
general approach to management while most cases will be minor , not requiring admission , some cases will be more severe , requiring admission and treatment , so assess carefully before early discharge .
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scientists aim to describe a single ' tree of life ' that reflects the evolutionary relationships of living things . however , evolutionary relationships are a matter of ongoing discovery , and there are different opinions about how living things should be grouped and named . eol reflects these differences by supporting several different scientific ' classifications ' . some species have been named more than once . such duplicates are listed under synonyms . eol also provides support for common names which may vary across regions as well as languages .
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