the black baza ( aviceda leuphotes ) is a small sized bird of prey found in the forests of the eastern himalayas , china and southeast asia .

many populations are migratory .

the races in the indian region are migratory , wintering in the south of the peninsula and sri lanka .

the black bazas have short , stout legs and feet with strong talons .

a prominent crest is a feature of the bazas .

they are found in dense forest often in small groups .

they are also known to spend a lot of time perching on bare branches of tall trees rising above the forest canopy .

black baza

other names : black - crested baza , indian black - crested baza , lizard - hawk .
wake up and first thing i look forward to is my morning cup of wanderoo by black baza coffee company .
the company currently promotes coffee under three names – the black baza roast , aspire to otter and luna roast .
the black baza are partially migratory . some flocks have been observed to move to thailand , malaysia and indonesia for wintering .
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recommended citation : global raptor information network . 2018 . species account : black baza aviceda leuphotes . downloaded from urltoken on 9 jul . 2018
apart from selling through prominent retail stores , black baza coffee company does a lot of cup - tasting , coffee tasting events as well .
she calls herself an accidental entrepreneur . meet arshiya urveeja bose , an environmental conservationist by training and proprietor of black baza coffee company by chance .
description : the black baza is a small raptor , often seen in groups of several birds perched on branches in the same tree in the forest .
the black baza species has an extremely large range and are considered least vulnerable . the loss of forest cover may make the survival of these birds vulnerable .
it’s the reason why black baza founder arshiya bose’s focus is on conservation of forests , wildlife and water , and on how growers deal with climate change .
the baza is a small bird of prey found in the forests of south and south east asia . bazas are most commonly seen in dense forests perched high in the tree canopy . sightings of black bazas in coffee farms would thereby indicate the farms are forest - like and that indeed is the brand black baza coffee’s dream .
the black baza occupies deciduous woodlands , both within the forest interior and scrub country . they are also seen near human habitations , hunting near clearings and farmed acreage .
description : a winter visitor to singapore ( september to april ) , the black baza is a small eagle that comes across as slightly comical due to its crest plumes that wiggle about as it moves its head . with mostly black upperparts and some white patches on its back and wings , the black baza also has a very distinctive underside , with a triangular white patch on its breast fringed with black and leads down to white legs with chestnut brown stripes running across – resembling some sort of vest . in flight , this pattern on its underparts makes the black baza quite an unmistakeable bird as well although its small size does tend to lead to most people dismissing it as a crow .
flight : the black baza soars high in the air during the migrations . but usually , it flies low with deep wing - beats interspersed with short glides on almost flat wings .
the black baza ( aviceda leuphotes ) is a medium - sized bird of prey of the family accipitridae , and found in much of the forested regions of southern and southeastern asia .
protection / threats / status : the black baza is generally scarce to uncommon , but its unobtrusive habits make it very difficult to see . however , this raptor can be seen in good numbers during the migrations . the species is threatened by habitat loss due to the deforestation throughout most of its range . the black baza is currently evaluated as least concern by birdlife international .
diet : the black baza feeds primarily on large insects such as grasshoppers , beetles , mantids and moths . it also catches lizards and tree frogs , and occasionally small mammals , bats and birds .
) belongs to the family accipitridae . the black baza species is distributed in central china , india , bhutan , myanmar , malaysia , thailand , indonesia , sri lanka and andaman islands of india .
the black baza is a medium - sized and handsome bird of prey found in the forests of south and southeast asia . it is rare and local in much of its range in the indian subcontinent .
upon returning to the forest rest house at kolsa , i consulted a few forest officials and naturalists and they confirmed that it was a black baza and it was possibly the first record of the species from western maharashtra .
on the underparts , the throat is black . we can see a conspicuous white breast band bordered below by narrow black stripe and variable chestnut band . the belly is more or less rufous barred buff . vent , undertail - coverts and thighs are black . on the underwing , the coverts are black . the primary flight feathers are greyish , whereas secondaries and tertials are darker grey . undertail feathers are greyish .
throughout history , crows , ravens and other black birds were feared as symbols of evil or death . …
the superb black - and - orange flycatcher , which occurs only in southern india , by simon colenutt .
the head is black with conspicuous long , black crest on the hind crown . the hooked bill is blackish with dark blue - grey cere . we can see two typical “teeth” on both edges of the upper mandible , one on each side . the eyes are reddish - brown . legs and feet are dull greyish - black .
adult male has black head , neck and upperparts . some variable chestnut markings are visible on lower back , scapulars and greater wing - coverts . the secondary flight feathers show chestnut and white patches . the tail is black .
tholpetty ws black - footed langur . also a chance of chevrotain , rusty - spotted cat and indian porcupine .
the black baza feed on large insects , frogs , small reptiles and small birds . they have been observed to eat ripe fruits of oil palm . the call is a
chu - weep
and they also sound a soft squeal .
good for the forest it comes from , good for the people who grow it . good for the trees we help conserve and the wildlife that it supports . and just as good to drink . these are the cornerstones of black baza coffee co .
males are black in color above , with some chestnut showing on the lower back , scapulars , and greater wing coverts . a black crest on the head is prominently displayed . the underside of the bird is black from the neck to upper chest , broken by a large patch of white . the lower chest to the belly is also white , with chestnut - colored horizontal bars ; between the belly and tail the area of the legs is black in color . in flight the underside of the wings bear light - grey primaries , dark - grey secondaries and tertials , and black coverts .
behaviour : the black baza feeds primarily on large insects such as grasshoppers . it also catches lizards and tree frogs , and occasionally small mammals , bats and birds . it hunts from concealed perch , but also in open . it may briefly hover in front of the vegetation to snatch preys from foliage . it performs short flights through the canopy , from perch to perch , and through insect swarms or passerine communal roosts . the black baza hunts sometimes in small flocks and it is more active at dusk .
the black baza feeds on small reptiles and insects , and usually from a still - hunting position on a perch within the forest or at the forest edge on a clearing . bats , birds , and small mammals also form an occasional part of the diet .
ootacamund , nilgiri hills black - and - orange and nilgiri flycatchers , indian and nilgiri blue robins , black - chinned laughingthrush , indian scimitar babbler and nilgiri langur . also a chance of painted bush quail , nilgiri wood pigeon and forest wagtail .
the iucn ( international union for conservation of nature ) has categorized and evaluated these baza birds and has listed them as of
least concern
.
the black baza is a small bird , measuring 30 to 35 cm in length and weighing 170 to 220 grams . the wingspan is 65 to 80 cm . its head is pigeon - like and has a long crest , often held erect . these baza species has short , stout legs and feet with strong talons . the male has white scapulars and secondary coverts and on the secondaries . the female has several chestnut bands on the underside .
these baza species inhabit deciduous or evergreen tropical forests . they are often seen perched on the top branches of the tall trees rising above the forest canopy .
only those range states and territories listed below , and shown in black on this map , are included within the scope of this mou .
the black baza has a wingspan is about 3 feet , with an overall body length of 16 to 18 inches . like other members of the genus aviceda , it bears two distinctive tooth - like notches near the edge of the bill . legs are short and stout , and bear powerful talons .
sighting of montagu’s harrier from ponmudi , white rumped shama from bonacaud , booted eagle from arippa , black baza from the kottur forests , lesser sand plover from the veli beach , amur falcon from punchakkary , and asian openbill from the aruvikkara wetlands were significant as these are not so common in these areas .
blue tokai identifies the estates from which it sources the coffee on its packaging , for transparency . seven beans brings together indian growers with italian roasters . black baza’s ambition is to improve biodiversity , while estate craft is a single - estate coffee . vero sources the beans and makes capsules in - house .
the black baza is a small bird of prey found in the forests of south and southeast asia . bazas are most commonly seen in dense forests perched high in the tree canopy . sightings of bazas in coffee farms would indicate our farms are forest - like . . . and that ' s the dream !
coffee production in india has a very unique history but is becoming increasingly unsustainable in terms of its impact on the environment . “our enterprise aims to incentivise sustainable farming through the company . black baza is the only social entrepreneurship project on coffee in india and perhaps one of the few such projects globally as well ! ”
these baza species in north india breed in april . both the pair take part in nest building , incubation , brooding and feeding . the nest is firm platform on tall trees .
some of these new companies , many retailing online , include the indian bean , flying squirrel , seven beans , the coffee company , black baza and estate craft . some existing sellers have expanded in scope , like halli berri , kerala’s riverine and goa’s sussegado . some others , like vero , sell espresso capsules with machines and café rio also does instant coffee .
voice : sounds by xeno - canto the black baza is vocal in flight and when perched . it utters soft , quavering , plaintive or whistling notes , usually one , two or three . it also gives shrill mewing , something similar to gull’s calls , and a weak scream “chu - weep” or “k - leeep” . harsh squawks are also given when in groups .
the backwaters waterbirds including cinnamon and yellow bitterns , bronze - winged and pheasant - tailed jacanas , and stork - billed kingfisher . also a chance of black - capped kingfisher .
pampadum shola np , near munnar nilgiri wood pigeon , kerala laughingthrush and black - and - orange flycatcher , as well as stripe - necked mongoose . also an outside chance of nilgiri marten .
for her , coffee has become the means to look at conservation from a social as well as environmental perspective . the work she does is interesting – she has currently engaged with four coffee estate owners in the district of kodagu and signed ‘conditional conservation agreements’ with them . the conditions she lays down are fairly simple – follow environment - friendly best practices and black baza would market your coffee in the commercial market .
the black baza occurs in open deciduous or evergreen tropical forest , often around clearings and near streams or rivers . this species can be seen from sea - level up to 1500 metres of elevation . this species breeds between 100 and 1200 metres . they spend the night at communal roost outside the breeding season , and at this period , they often frequent orchards and gardens near villages and they hunt over the ricefields .
the juvenile resembles adults but its plumage is duller and it has white streaks on the black throat , and brown streaks on the white breast band . the crest is slightly shorter than in adults .
habitat : the black baza occurs in open deciduous or evergreen tropical forest , often around clearings and near streams or rivers . this species can be seen from sea - level up to 1500 metres of elevation . this species breeds between 100 and 1200 metres . they spend the night at communal roost outside the breeding season , and at this period , they often frequent orchards and gardens near villages and they hunt over the ricefields .
clark , w . s . & kirwan , g . m . ( 2018 ) . black baza ( aviceda leuphotes ) . in : del hoyo , j . , elliott , a . , sargatal , j . , christie , d . a . & de juana , e . ( eds . ) . handbook of the birds of the world alive . lynx edicions , barcelona . ( retrieved from urltoken on 9 july 2018 ) .
28–35 cm ; 168–224 g ; wingspan 64–80 cm . small , chunky black kite with long crest ( often held erect , except in flight ) on pigeon - like head ; in flight , . . .
thattekad ( salim ali ) bs grey slender loris , indian chevrotain , southern flying lizard , malabar gliding frog , red spurfowl , malabar trogon , asian fairy bluebird and white - bellied blue flycatcher . also a chance of indian giant flying squirrel , travancore flying squirrel , black baza , slaty - legged crake , sri lanka bay owl , sri lanka frogmouth , jerdon ' s nightjar , chestnut - headed bee - eater , heart - spotted woodpecker and indian pitta .
range : the black baza occurs in s and se asia . most of the populations are migratory . the race “ syama ” from ne india and e nepal to s china , winters southwards through indochina and malay peninsula to sumatra . the race “ leuphotes ” occurs in sw india , s burma and w thailand , and breeds in several parts of indochina . the race “ andamanica ” occurs in s andaman islands . the northernmost populations move southwards through the malay peninsula to winter in sumatra .
periyar np nilgiri langur , oriental darter , black baza , malabar trogon , great and malabar grey hornbills , white - bellied treepie , asian fairy bluebird and indian scimitar babbler , as well as nilgiri langur . also a chance of heart - spotted woodpecker , indian pitta , orange - headed thrush , wynaad laughingthrush , forest wagtail , asian elephant , gaur , leopard and rusty - spotted cats , sloth bear , dhole , indian crested porcupine , and oriental small - clawed and smooth - coated otters .
southern india endemics grey junglefowl , grey - fronted ( pompadour ) green pigeon , nilgiri wood pigeon , malabar parakeet , malabar grey hornbill , malabar ( crimson - fronted ) and white - cheeked barbets , white - bellied treepie , malabar ( large ) woodshrike , malabar lark , white - spotted ( white - throated ) fantail , indian ( chestnut - bellied ) nuthatch , flame - throated ( black - crested ) and grey - headed bulbuls , black - and - orange and nilgiri flycatchers , white - bellied blue flycatcher , nilgiri blue and white - bellied blue robins ( both formerly white - bellied shortwing ) , malabar whistling thrush , black - chinned ( nilgiri ) and grey - breasted ( kerala ) laughingthrushes , ( indian ) rufous babbler , malabar white - headed ( chestnut - tailed ) starling , nilgiri ( plain ) flowerpecker , crimson - backed sunbird , nilgiri pipit and rufous - bellied ( black - throated ) munia . also a chance of broad - tailed grassbird and wynaad laughingthrush .
the black baza is a small and distinctively coloured raptor . when perched , the upright crest and contrasting patterns make it difficult to misidentify . the male has white scapulars , secondary coverts and on the secondaries . the female has white only on the scapulars and more chestnut bands on the underside unlike the few bands in the male . in flight it is crow like and is often seen in small groups or flocks during migration . during migration , they are gregarious at their roost . they are somewhat crepuscular and more active at dusk and in overcast weather
the black baza is a small and distinctively colored raptor . when perched , the upright crest and contrasting patterns make it difficult to misidentify . the male has white scapulars ( shoulder feathers ) , secondary coverts and on the secondaries ( shorter , upper
arm
feathers ) . the female has white only on the scapulars ( shoulder feathers ) and more chestnut bands on the underside unlike the few bands in the male . in flight it is crow like and is often seen in small groups or flocks during migration . during migration , they are gregarious at their roost .
important references : carey , g . j . , m . l . chmabers , d . a . diskin , p . r . kennerley , p . j . leader , m . r . leven , r . w . lewthwaite , d . s . melville , m . turnbull , and l . young . 2001 . the avifauna of hong kong . hong kong bird watching society , hong kong . clark , w . s . 1994 . black baza . p . 108 in del hoyo , j . , a . elliott , and j . sargatal ( eds . ) , handbook of birds of the world . vol . 2 . new world vultures to guineafowl . lynx edicions , barcelona , spain . ferguson - lees , j . , and d . a . christie .
eravikulam np ( rajamalai - closed during breeding season , jan - feb ) and chinnar ws , munnar , cardamom hills black - and - orange and nilgiri flycatchers , white - bellied blue robin , asian fairy bluebird , grey - breasted laughingthrush and nilgiri pipit , as well as nilgiri langur . also a chance of nilgiri wood pigeon , lion - tailed macaque ( eravikulam ) , nilgiri tahr ( eravikulam ) , gaur ( chinnar ) , grizzled giant squirrel ( chinnar ) , and an outside chance of painted bush quail and broad - tailed grassbird , as well as nigiri marten .
species shared only with sri lanka painted francolin , crested ( changeable ) hawk eagle , blue - faced malkoha , sri lanka frogmouth , jerdon’s nightjar , indian swiftlet , malabar trogon , malabar pied hornbill , crimson - fronted barbet , orange ( scarlet ) minivet , jerdon’s ( rufous - winged ) bush lark , hill ( pacific ) swallow , square - tailed black , white - browed and yellow - browed bulbuls , indian blackbird , indian ( white - browed ) scimitar babbler , dark - fronted and yellow - billed babblers , lesser hill myna , jerdon’s ( blue - winged ) leafbird and long - billed ( loten’s ) sunbird .
the key papers for the booted eagles ( aquilinae ) are bunce et al . ( 2005 ) , helbig et al . ( 2005 ) , lerner and mindell ( 2005 ) , haring et al . ( 2007b ) , and lerner et al . ( 2017 ) . the spizaetus hawk - eagles belong in two different clades within aquilinae . thus spizaetus is divided into nisaetus and spizaetus . the black - and - chestnut eagle ( oroaetus ) must be merged into the remaining spizaetus . the rufous - bellied hawk - eagle ( lophotriorchis ) is separated from hieraaetus . while the spotted eagles are separated from aquila as clanga . hieraaetus loses a couple of species to aquila , which also gains cassin ' s hawk - eagle from spizaetus .
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the female is similar to the male but she lacks the white patches on secondaries .
we can find three subspecies , a . l . leuphotes , a . l . syama and a . l . andamanica . the race “ syama ” has longer primaries and blacker barring on the underparts . the race “ andamanica ” has only two bars on the upper belly , and differs by unbarred flanks .
this raptor is often seen in pairs or in family groups , but this gregarious species occurs also in small groups of 4 - 5 birds perched in the same tree . during winter , they sleep at communal night - time roosts in groups of up 20 - 25 birds .
reproduction : the breeding season varies according to the range , but usually occurs between february and june . both sexes build a small compact nest with twigs and thin sticks in a large tree in the forest , between 20 and 30 metres above the ground and often near water . the shallow cup is lined with soft materials such as grass , plant fibres and green leaves . the female lays 2 - 3 eggs and the incubation is shared by both parents . the chicks are fed with insects .
finds of race : lesser sand plover , common sand piper and montagu’s harrier are among the species sighted at the bird race in the city .
as many as 157 species of birds were spotted from seven locations in and around the capital during the 8th kerala bird race held on sunday .
various threats , especially habitat degradation , to bird population were noticed during the dawn - to - dusk event , said a . k . sivakumar , wwf - india senior education officer and coordinator of the race .
akkulam lake , once a haven for waterbirds , is now more like a sewage drain with large - scale reclamation , invasive species , and all kinds of pollutants .
the sighting of birds such as the indian peafowl in the arippa forests and asian openbill at aruvikkara is clear indicators of the increasing temperature profile .
the museum and zoo premises still remain a healthy habitat for birds . as many as 42 species of birds with an active heronry of endangered oriental darters were spotted here .
the kottur forests , part of the neyyar wildlife sanctuary , and the kallar - ponmudi forests also have a very good bird population , the numbers crossing 75 . the sighting of mammals such as nilgiri marten , barking deer and malabar giant squirrel came as a bonus to the teams .
as many as 78 birdwatchers participated in the annual race held in connection with the birthday of salim ali .
the event was organised jointly by the yuhina eco media and wwf - india with the support of hsbc .
additional principal chief conservator of forests , biodiversity cell of forests & wildlife department , o . p . kaler , who was the chief guest , asked the participants to submit their findings and recommendations for further action and to document the sightings for scientific planning of conservation initiatives . renjan mathew varghese , state director of wwf - india , spoke .
follow - up activities such as sunday bird walk once in a month , annual asian waterfowl census and birdwatching camps are in the pipeline .
tojo mathew was leaving the uae for good to join his wife in delhi .
our purpose is to enable coffee producers to enjoy secure and stable livelihoods and strengthen coffee farming practices that conserve biodiversity . we invite coffee drinkers to participate in the process .
our partner farms grow coffee under the shade of forest trees . farms keep at least 60 % tree canopy cover and a minimum of 100 trees and 20 species of indigenous trees per acre .
we restore farms by planting rare and endemic forest trees that provide critical habitat for a wide variety of wildlife .
sustainable and secure livelihoods for coffee growers and workers is a critical part of our programme . we ensure this through stable prices , financial inclusion and long - term guaranteed contracts .
most of our packaging ( except 100g sizes ) is fully biodegradable . the outer bag is made from sugarcane waste . the inner bag is a biodegradable plastic that disintegrates between 6 - 24 months in landfill conditions .
all partner farms commit to growing coffee that is free of chemical pesticides . an overwhelming majority ( 97 . 5 % ) also restrict the use of any chemical fertiliser .
each cup of coffee can be traced back to the farm – or , at the least , cluster of farms – from which the beans were harvested .
we enable producers to establish and run farmer institutions for collective marketing . these institutions are also responsible for building people’s capacity for quality production .
our commitment to sustainable coffee means that we have to meticulously monitor the impact of our involvement . livelihood - related changes are monitored through questionnaire surveys and focus group discussions . biodiversity - related changes are monitored through measuring diversity of trees , birds , insects , mammals , soil and water . we have a long way to go but here ' s a start . . .
our community is 160 members strong . we work with numerous smallholder producer organisations to resolve various challenges that undermine livelihoods security , financial inclusion and weaken producer autonomy in coffee markets .
the interaction between spotted hyenas and humans is 500 years old . the presence of moon moths is three times that . any impact we have to make cannot be measured in years or even decades . a thousand years seems like just enough time . ours is a thousand - year brew .
our limited run monthly editions . one podu . one harvest . one time .
the microlot coffees celebrate the uniqueness in heterogeneity . smallholder producers harvest tiny volumes and these beans find themselves in our limited edition coffees .
coffee grounds is a collection of stories about people , place and ecology in coffee landscapes .
form wolfei , based on single specimen , doubtfully distinct from nominate . validity of forms syama and andamanica also questioned # r ; further study needed . birds from myanmar and thailand ( sometimes awarded separate race , burmana ) may belong to race syama , as opposed to rather similar nominate leuphotes . in view of doubts over validity of races , species sometimes treated as monotypic # r . four subspecies provisionally recognized .
open deciduous or evergreen tropical forest , including second growth and bamboo - dominated areas , . . .
mainly large insects ( and their larvae ) , especially grasshoppers ( also beetles , mantids and moths ) , but also lizards and tree - frogs ; . . .
considered probably resident , or only partially migratory , in sw india , on andaman is , and from . . .
not globally threatened ( least concern ) . cites ii . generally uncommon , but probably passes undetected due to unobtrusive habits , and may be commoner than thought ; e . g . . . .
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mers directly received rs 6758 . 4 from the sale of coffee to me and so much more . more strength to bbcc : )
amazing coffee ! thanks for bringing the taste from south to my home . . .
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thank you for taking the time to provide feedback on the iucn red list of threatened species website , we are grateful for your input .
del hoyo , j . , collar , n . j . , christie , d . a . , elliott , a . and fishpool , l . d . c . 2014 . hbw and birdlife international illustrated checklist of the birds of the world . volume 1 : non - passerines . lynx edicions birdlife international , barcelona , spain and cambridge , uk .
justification : this species has an extremely large range , and hence does not approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the range size criterion ( extent of occurrence < 20 , 000 km 2 combined with a declining or fluctuating range size , habitat extent / quality , or population size and a small number of locations or severe fragmentation ) . despite the fact that the population trend appears to be decreasing , the decline is not believed to be sufficiently rapid to approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the population trend criterion ( > 30 % decline over ten years or three generations ) . the population size may be moderately small to large , but it is not believed to approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the population size criterion ( < 10 , 000 mature individuals with a continuing decline estimated to be > 10 % in ten years or three generations , or with a specified population structure ) . for these reasons the species is evaluated as least concern .
the global population is estimated to number > c . 10 , 000 individuals ( ferguson - lees et al . 2001 ) , while the population in china has been estimated at c . 100 - 10 , 000 breeding pairs and c . 50 - 1 , 000 individuals on migration ( brazil 2009 ) . trend justification : the population is suspected to be in decline owing to ongoing habitat destruction ( ferguson - lees and christie 2001 ) .
widespread forest loss across its range poses the most significant threat ( clark and kirwan 1994 ) .
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is distributed in north india , bhutan , southeast china , myanmar , laos and thailand . these subspecies winter in thailand , malaysia and indonesia . the subspecies
is distributed in south india , sri lanka , myanmar and thailand . the subspecies
tiger reserves are not just about spotting and photographing tigers , but also a standing testimony to the preservation of larger landscapes and the biodiversity they support . as the saying goes , the jungle is full of surprises and animals or birds can make their appearance when you least expect them . such was one of our early morning drives on 9th april , 2015 in the kolsa range of tadoba andhari tiger reserve . we were driving through dense bamboo at shivanzari when i suddenly noticed a bird that looked very different . it was definitely a lifer for me and i was able to quickly make a few images of the raptor with my 500mm lens .
praveen siddannavar bangalore - based praveen is an engineer by profession and an award - winning natural history photographer by choice .
ci is a non - profit , non - commercial portal that aims to facilitate wildlife and nature conservation by providing reliable information and the tools needed to campaign effectively . we define conservation as knowledge - driven actions that lead to the effective management and recovery of wildlife . that means giving priority to meeting the ecological needs of wildlife populations in decline , and to the recovery and expansion of their habitats . read more
ci is a non - profit , non - commercial portal that aims to facilitate wildlife and nature conservation by providing reliable information and the tools needed to campaign effectively . we define conservation as knowledge - driven actions that lead to the effective management and recovery of wildlife . that means giving priority to meeting the ecological needs of wildlife populations in decline , and to the recovery and expansion of their habitats . read more »
the species is found throughout much of southern and southeastern asia , from the indian subcontinent to the larger islands of indonesia , and northwards to southern china .
the species breeds from february to june ; what little observation was done indicates the birds choose nesting sites high in the tree canopy in dense forests and often near rivers , laying two to three eggs .
this page was last modified on 24 june 2016 , at 18 : 36 .
they feed mainly on insects by making aerial sallies . they have been noted to join mixed - species foraging flocks . it has also been known to feed on the fruits of the oil palm . they are somewhat crepuscular in habit . the call is a
chu - weep
somewhat similar to the call of the large cuckoo - shrike .
like others in the genus aviceda they have two tooth like indentations on the edge of the upper bill .
the bird was first described based on a specimen from pondicherry under the name of falco leuphotes . several geographic races have been described including wolfei which is based on a single specimen from sichuan and may belong to the nominate subspecies . the named forms include the following but have been questioned and further study has been called for :
this species is found in southeast asia and parts of south asia . they are migratory in parts of their range . migratory birds may be seen in large numbers at some locations such as chumphon in thailand where they account for nearly 40 % of the raptors on passage . in some parts of hong kong , they have established themselves in recent times changing from summer visitors to residents in small numbers .
in india the species is regularly reported in winter from the western ghats ( breeding records have been questioned ) , eastern ghats ( mainly on spring passage ) and known to breed in northeastern india and burma . winter records of the species include stray occurrences in or near metropolitan areas such as the guindy national park in chennai , near trivandrum and bangalore . more recent studies have suggested that the species may be a regular winter visitor in the eastern part of peninsular india , and not just a passage migrant .
the birds in northeastern india begin to breed in april . both sexes take part in nest building , incubation , brooding and feeding . the eggs take about 26–27 days to hatch . insects are the predominant food of the chicks .
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they feed mainly on insects by making aerial sallies . they may also pick insects off a leaf , the insects always seized with their feet . they have been observed to attempt capturing small birds such as wagtails by making dashes into flocks . they have been noted to join mixed - species foraging flocks . it has also been known to feed on the fruits of the oil palm . they are somewhat crepuscular in habit .
this species has an extremely large range , and hence does not approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the range size criterion ( extent of occurrence < 20 , 000 km2 combined with a declining or fluctuating range size , habitat extent / quality , or population size and a small number of locations or severe fragmentation ) . despite the fact that the population trend appears to be decreasing , the decline is not believed to be sufficiently rapid to approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the population trend criterion ( > 30 % decline over ten years or three generations ) . the population size may be moderately small to large , but it is not believed to approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the population size criterion ( < 10 , 000 mature individuals with a continuing decline estimated to be > 10 % in ten years or three generations , or with a specified population structure ) . for these reasons the species is evaluated as least concern .
the breeding season varies according to the range , but usually occurs between february and june . both sexes build a small compact nest with twigs and thin sticks in a large tree in the forest , between 20 and 30 metres above the ground and often near water . the shallow cup is lined with soft materials such as grass , plant fibres and green leaves . all were composed almost entirely of lagerstroemia reginae sticks , with a few sal sticks . both sexes participated in nest - building , incubation , brooding and feeding the chicks . the female lays 2 - 3 eggs and the incubation is shared by both parents . the chicks are fed with insects . the incubation period at two nests was 26 - 27 days . at 21 days old the chicks were frequently seen preening , hopping to nearby branches and flapping their wings .
migrants from north parts of range move south through malay peninsula in nov - dec to winter in sumatra , returning in feb - mar . a few migrants recorded in southeast india and sri lanka .
range : oriental region : widespread in south asia . the race ? syama ? from ne india and e nepal to s china , winters southwards through indochina and malay peninsula to sumatra . the race ? leuphotes ? occurs in sw india , s burma and w thailand , and breeds in several parts of indochina . the race ? andamanica ? occurs in s andaman islands . the northernmost populations move southwards through the malay peninsula to winter in sumatra .
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jan ' 17 the best indian coffee i have had byfar . . . may ' 17 after my second order , this time 1 / 2 kg coarse grind i have to revise the perfect part . the 250 gm coffee bag had a great ziplock and one way air channel . the 1 / 2 kg one has a faulty ziplock and no air channel . i had to pack my coffee in three different airtight places .
i must have already gone through five kilos of this coffee . after experimenting with a wide range of brands and flavours settled on this for my morning espresso . mildly aromatic with a really intense flavour . high quality coffee at a very reasonable price .
the coffee has a nice smokey aroma to it . the coffee was fine grained , not very good for french press . but tastewise , it is very good . would purchase again .
the last time i ordered was smoke flavored and i was happy , basis which i re ordered but find same lacking of any standard . . , this time i give 1 basis inconsistency of quality
good quality at very reasonable price . delivered on time as promised . highly recommended .
excellent , excellent coffee . best indian coffee i ' ve bought so far , and will no longer be searching further . : )
great coffee ! am hooked . . . and can ' t go back to any other coffee , especially considering the conservation value of this coffee .
great teast at great price . its a strong coffee gives me an hour and half uninterrupted focus .
tip : to have maximum effectiveness add very less water and make it . . .
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the small villages that we passed by had such character ; i was tempted to pause and take pictures . elders huddled under a peepal tree , children rolled moped tyres along dusty streets . full story by
riding through a forest was a sublime experience . we drifted , keeping the revs on the lower side , coaxing our engines to a hum . keeping a good distance between us made it even more personal . from ' new love , new territories ' by
wobbling at a speed of 10 km / h , we had time to look around . my highlight : the plum - headed parakeet and the summer hues that these dry - deciduous forests put on display . excerpt from
new love , new territories
by
later that evening , we headed to muthugadagaddepodu hamlet . we invited a few coffee farmers for a quick chat . the conversations revolved around their relationship with the local buyer and middleman .
we broke our journey for our customary otter - spotting from the bridge across the river kaveri . while we witnessed the creatures bob their heads up and down , a human was diving into the waters to retrieve coins flung by passers - by . full story at :
, gives us a glimpse into india’s chequered coffee - growing history , introduces her fledgling business and explains why biodiversity - friendly brews make for a better cuppa .
what does it meant to stay relevant in today ' s world ? i asked karthik - over whatsapp mind you . …
barley coffee , you said ? erm . very interesting experimenting sessions with snow leopard…
many thanks to our fantastic venue partner @ gi _ bangalore and shoonya , our filmmakers , friends , our sponsors @ blackbazacoffee @ innersightblr our volunteers from asq , the audience , and everybody else who helped make this a fantastic festival .
all the queerness + all the @ blackbazacoffee for three days , starting tomorrow . we ' ll be @ gi _ bangalore for @ bqff 2018 . come by ! say hi ! # bqff2018
microlot alert ! for 1 month only . neralu noorembathu or ' the shade of 180 ' is available from our website :
: bonded labour . as an estate owner told me ,
it ' s about how you exploit . . . nicely .
edition01 / episode03 , coffee grounds is now published ! . not - an - ape , and other notes from a…
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telluraves contains slightly more than 3 / 4 of all bird species . athough there ' s some residual uncertainty about the other main branches of passerea , the land bird clade telluraves is well - supported by jarvis et al . ( 2014 ) where it receives 100 % bootstrap support . further , hackett et al . ( 2008 ) and ericson et al . ( 2006a ) both found the hawks and american vultures to be closer to the picimorphae than to the falcons ( see also suh et al . , 2011 ; mccormack et al . , 2013 ; yuri et al . 2013 ) . other papers ( e . g . , morgan - richards et al . , 2008 ) are less supportive , putting all of them somewhere between the ardeae and the passerines . the order here follows jarvis et al .
the main division in telluraves is between the group containing the mousebirds , hawks , owl , and woodpeckers ( afroaves ) and the group containing the falcons , parrots , and passerines ( australaves ) ( ericson et al . , 2006a ; hackett et al . , 2008 ; ericson , 2012 ; jarvis et al . , 2014 ) . australaves is by far the larger group , containing about 64 % of all bird species . in contrast , afroaves only has about 11 & half ; % of the species . still , afroaves is much larger than any other high - level group than branches off sooner .
i ' m not fond of the names afroaves and australaves , mainly because the names suggest some knowledge of their origin that we don ' t have . as you will note in some of comments in the next few pages , some of the groups where the crown group appears to originate in africa or australia today ( ericson , 2012 ) have fossil records that are quite different . the earliest fossils throughout the clade come from the northern hemisphere . more precisely , they come from eupore and north america , which were connected in paleocene and early eocene .
in the tif list , afroaves is divided into four groups : coliiformes , accipitrimorphae , strigiformes , and picimorphae . there is some uncertainty about whether strigiformes are closer to accipitrimorphae or to picimorphae . suh ( 2016 ) and jarvis et al . ( 2014 ) prefer the latter , and that is followed here .
the coliiformes are a relict afrotropical group consisting of 6 species in 2 genera . it wasn ' t always so . there ' s a fairly extensive fossil record from europe and north america . primitive coliiformes ( sandcoleidae ) are known from the early eocence ( 48 - 56 mya ) . by the late eocene , only modern forms are known ( mayr , 2009 ) .
the phylogeny of cathartidae is based on johnson et al . ( 2016 ) .


the striped red mullet or surmullet ( mullus surmuletus ) is a species of goatfish found in the mediterranean sea , eastern north atlantic ocean , and the black sea .

they can be found in water as shallow as 5 metres ( 16 ft ) or as deep as 409 metres ( 1,342 ft ) depending upon the portion of their range that they are in .

this species can reach a length of 40 centimetres ( 16 in ) sl though most are only around 25 centimetres ( 9.8 in ) .

the greatest recorded weight for this species is 1 kilogram ( 2.2 lb ) .

this is a commercially important species and is also sought after as a game fish .

mullus barbatus and it are commonly called " red mullets " and often are not distinguished , though they can be told apart by the striped first dorsal fin of m. surmuletus .

despite its english name , the striped red mullet , of the goatfish family mullidae , is only very distantly related to the grey mullet and other species called " mullet " , classified in a different family of the order perciformes .

striped red mullet

add the striped red mullet fillets and cook until the meat is white and flakes away , about 5 - 10 minutes .
striped red mullet : : triglia di scoglio is found in the mediterranean and black seas as well as the eastern north atlantic ocean . it has been considered a delicacy since antiquity , especially among the ancient romans . if you are not able to find striped red mullet in your local grocery store you can also substitute it with red snapper .
want to put together an easy , yet elegant looking meal for valentine’s day ? try out this recipe for striped red mullet , a delicate white fish that is stewed with juicy red tomatoes , tangy capers and salty black olives ; it’s an italian specialty .
there is no restriction on red mullet catch . they are a non - quota species but red mullet catches to cornwall are very small , at 20 - 50 tonnes per year , compared to total eu landings of 2000 tonnes . minimum landing size for red mullet in cornish waters is 15cm . there is no eu minimum landing size . red mullet netting is controlled by eu regulations which state that the catch must be 70 % of the target species ( red mullet ) . mesh size between 70 and 90mm is prohibited in cornish waters ( cornwall inshore fisheries and conservation authority , cifca ) . a red mullet netting code of practice has been developed to ensure that red mullet netting in cornish waters is carried out responsibly , and cifca report that the level of red mullet netting has decreased in recent years , and the majority of fishermen using red mullet nets are abiding by the code of practice ( cifca 2011 ) . cifca provide support for fishermen in terms of checking gear and providing advice on legislation and they feel that this sector of netting is currently being managed appropriately ( s . cadman pers com ) .
want to put together a easy yet fancy looking meal for valentine’s day or any special occasion ? try out this recipe for striped red mullet , a delicate white fish that is stewed with juicy red tomatoes , tangy capers and salty black olives ; it’s an italian specialty .
red mullet make up a small , but high value part of the cornish fishing industry ' s landings . red mullet stocks are not well studied in our area however across the eu ices are concerned that they are being over fished and advised a reduction in catches of 20 % for the western area . the stocks are not protected by quotas but in cornwall are protected by a minimum landing size of 15cm . red mullet are caught using specialised red mullet nets in coastal waters and are also caught in cornish trawl fisheries .
forster . r , and smith . s , 2001 selectivity of gill nets used in the cornish red mullet fishery , fisheries science partnership , cefas lowestoft
red mullet are also caught in demersal trawls and beam trawls , often in deeper water in the western english channel during colder times of year . forster and smith , 2011 . french trawlers using small mesh size ( 70 - 90mm ) target red mullet in the winter months in the central pit of the western channel .
red mullet are very delicate and must be put straight onto ice as their quality deteriorates quickly . for best freshness source direct from a fisherman or specialist fish seller .
red and yellowish scales enticed me to try something new . the fish monger was all too kind to supply me with a typical italian recipe called “triglia alla livornese . ” triglia , as you can imagine , means striped red mullet ; “alla livornese” , on the other hand , basically means livorno style . ( livorno is a port city on the ligurian sea . )
both species mullus surmuletus ( red mullet ) and mullus barbatus ( striped red mullet ) are distinctly crimson or even orange in color – but the barbatus boasts yellowish streaks along their sides and grow larger of the two . both are caught without much distinction between the two commercially . they are typically quite small , less than 10 - 14 inches in length , and weigh about a third to a half of a pound each . the smaller the fish , it is commonly believed , the better the flavor and texture .
red mullet are caught in cornish waters by targeted red mullet nets . static nets set on the seabed with a mesh size of 65 - 70ml and a short soak time , set in summer months specifically to target red mullet which are a high value species . it is a highly skilled method of fishing and care must be taken not to accidentally catch unwanted fish as it is illegal to catch more than 30 % of non - target species and in our waters young pollack can be difficult to avoid . there are few other by catch issues or environmental issues with this fishery .
red mullet stocks are not well studied in our waters but there is no local evidence to suggest that stocks are declining . red mullet are a warm water species that moves into our waters in the summer months . due to a lack of evidence and taking a precautionary approach ices advises that catches should decrease by 20 % in relation to the average catch of the last three years , corresponding to catches of no more than 2000 t in 2015 . cefas list red mullet as a species that is currently underutilized and having potential for increased fishing effort in its report ( catchpole 2011 ) identifying under - utilized species .
red mullet is a regular summer visitor to south west coasts of the uk and is caught near to shore by netters . red mullet has a unique texture somewhere between white and oily fish . its high fat content adds a richness to it ' s flavour . it ' s liver is considered a delicacy . it has all the healthy eating attributes of white fish : high in protein and vitamin rich and also has the health benefits of being a source of omega - 3 fatty acids . red mullet are very delicate and must be put straight onto ice as their quality deteriorates quickly . for best freshness source direct from a fisherman or specialist fish seller .
which may confound efforts to correctly identify this species in the north sea bottom trawl surveys . additional confusion may arise from the use of the same common name ,
red mullet
, for both species ( uiblein 2007 ) .
red mullet are warm water fish that are related to the tropical goat fish . they feed on worms and crustaceans which they find by rooting around with a highly sensory pair of whisker like barbels , in muddy and sandy seabeds . red mullet mature at 2 years old and at a length of 16cm . maximum length is 45 cm . juveniles are found inshore and in estuaries whilst adults are found in deeper water . in the english channel they spawn between may and july . biological vulnerability score 39 / 100 cheung et al 2005 .
while the fish monger scaled the striped red mullet , he quickly told me the ingredients for this beloved dish . unfortunately , he was extremely quick at his job and finished before i could ask him the quantities : : le dosi . seeing a long line behind me , i didn’t want to bother him so the recipe you find below may not be true livorno style , but dare i say the presentation is more beautiful following my recipe while the taste is equally delicious .
rouget are better known in many areas of the world as the red mullet ( or rouget de roche , salmonette ) . but according to various sources , rouget should not be considered mullets at all . the name “mullet” is usually reserved for the various species of striped , grey and silver mullets , which are typically larger , longer and more streamlined in their body shape . the rouget is similar in appearance to a perch ( and is categorized under the perciformes order ) but is easily distinguished by a small set of barbels under its chin , which are used to “frisk” along the sea floor for food – an attribute that has also given it the name “goatfish” for their “beardlike” appearance .
thank you for taking the time to provide feedback on the iucn red list of threatened species website , we are grateful for your input .
rating 5 ( red ) is associated with fish to be avoided on the basis that all or most of the criteria for sustainablilty have not been met .
head is less steep . barbels longer than pectoral fin . body with longitudinal red and brown stripes . first dorsal fin with dark markings ( ref . 35388 ) .
scientific synonyms and common names mullus surmuletus linnaeus , 1758 synonyms : mullus surmuletus linnaeus , 1758 , syst . nat . , ed . x : 300 ( ' habitat in m . mediterraneo et ad cornubiam ' ) . mullus barbatus surmuletus : day , 1880 1884 : 22 , pl . 8 ( fig . 2 ) lozano rey , 1952 : 245 & 249 . mullus sunnuletus : moreau , 1881 : 244 , fig . 107 fowler , 1936 : 871 , fig . 374 poll , 1947 , fig . 157 soljan , 1948 : 174 , fig . bougis , 1952 : 57 - 174 , fig . dieuzeide et al . , 1954 : 256 , fig . wheeler , 1969 : 344 , fig . , pl . 10 . common names : mulle [ no ] mulle [ da ] meerbarbe [ de ] red mullet [ en ] salmonete de roca [ es ] rouget de roche [ fr ] barbouni [ he ] triglia di scoglio [ it ] mulit happassim [ iw ] barabulja [ ru ] striped red mullet [ en ] rouget de roche [ fr ] salmonete de roca [ es ] mul [ ne ] zeebarbeel [ ne ] koning van de poon [ ne ]
' red improver ' ratings are assigned to seafood sources which have been assessed and rated 5 ( red ) due to significant environmental concerns with one or more aspects of their management , capture or production , yet credible efforts to improve these issues have been agreed through a fisheries or aquaculture improvement project – a fip or an aip - and work is underway . such projects are normally publicly listed at www . fisheryprogress . org . mcs wants to encourage environmental improvements in fisheries and fish farms , and so does not recommend avoiding these sources , as we normally do for seafood rated 5 ( red rated ) .
seabream are a group of compact , medium - sized fishes known as sparidae . their firm white meat is similar in taste and texture to bass and is ideal for grilling , steaming , baking and pan - frying whole . the black bream or porgy and the red or
distinctive rounded shells that are slightly heart shaped . it is a bivalve ( two identical shells ) belonging to the family cardidae meaning ' heart - shaped ' . they can jump by bending and straightening the foot - the end bit - which is often coloured red and called the ' red nose ' . choose cockles harvested by sustainable methods only such as licensed hand gathering . avoid eating them during breeding season from march to july . burry inlet cockles and cockles from the dee estuary are both msc certified and provide the most sustainable options in the uk .
use the good fish guide to find out which fish are the most sustainable ( green rated ) , and which are the least sustainable ( red rated ) . make the right choice and reduce your impact – every purchase matters ! find out more about our seafood work , including how we develop our seafood ratings , plus sustainable seafood recipes and more .
marine ; demersal ; oceanodromous ( ref . 51243 ) ; depth range 5 - 409 m ( ref . 56504 ) . subtropical ; 62°n - 14°n , 19°w - 42°e
eastern atlantic : western norway , english channel ( rare in north sea ) to dakar , senegal and the canary islands , including the mediterranean and the black sea .
maturity : l m 16 . 1 , range 15 - 26 cm max length : 40 . 0 cm sl male / unsexed ; ( ref . 3397 ) ; common length : 25 . 0 cm sl male / unsexed ; ( ref . 4845 ) ; max . published weight : 1 . 0 kg ( ref . 35388 ) ; max . reported age : 11 years ( ref . 92286 )
adults occur on broken and rough grounds but also found over sand and soft bottoms at depths less than 100 m . depth range from 5 - 60 m ( ref . 07313 ) and from 305 - 409 m in the eastern ionian sea ( ref . 56504 ) . feed on benthic organisms such as shrimps and amphipods , polychaetes , mollusks , and benthic fishes . spawning occurs from may to july , eggs and larvae are pelagic ( ref . 4845 ) . marketed fresh and frozen for steaming , pan - frying , broiling and baking ( ref . 9988 ) .
ben - tuvia , a . , 1990 . mullidae . p . 827 - 829 . in j . c . quero , j . c . hureau , c . karrer , a . post and l . saldanha ( eds . ) check - list of the fishes of the eastern tropical atlantic ( clofeta ) . jnict , lisbon ; sei , paris ; and unesco , paris . vol . 2 . ( ref . 7313 )
) : 7 - 16 . 1 , mean 10 . 2 ( based on 549 cells ) .
phylogenetic diversity index ( ref . 82805 ) : pd 50 = 0 . 5625 [ uniqueness , from 0 . 5 = low to 2 . 0 = high ] .
bayesian length - weight : a = 0 . 00891 ( 0 . 00810 - 0 . 00980 ) , b = 3 . 11 ( 3 . 08 - 3 . 14 ) , in cm total length , based on lwr estimates for this species ( ref . 93245 ) .
trophic level ( ref . 69278 ) : 3 . 5 ±0 . 3 se ; based on diet studies .
resilience ( ref . 69278 ) : medium , minimum population doubling time 1 . 4 - 4 . 4 years ( k = 0 . 1 - 0 . 7 ; tm = 2 ; tmax = 10 ) .
prior r = 0 . 85 , 2 sd range = 0 . 46 - 1 . 58 , log ( r ) = - 0 . 16 , sd log ( r ) = 0 . 31 , based on : 2 m , 25 k , 9 tgen , 7 tmax , records
vulnerability ( ref . 59153 ) : moderate vulnerability ( 39 of 100 ) .
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you can play a key role in securing the future of our seas and marine wildlife by making more environmentally responsible choices when buying seafood .
our seas face a wide range of threats . climate change , pollution , habitat and biodiversity loss are all impacting our seas ; plus 90 % of global fish stocks are either fully or over - exploited . all these factors combined mean that urgent action is needed to restore the health of our seas . fish farming ( aquaculture ) is rapidly expanding to meet increasing demand for seafood , but if this is done badly it can also damage the environment and exacerbate these other problems .
abalone ( called ormer in france and elsewhere ) are molluscs , belonging to a group of animals known as gastropods ( the same group as whelks ) . abalone can be farmed on land in aquaculture systems that are enclosed , referred to as
recirculating systems
, which means that all water and waste are contained . abalone graze on seaweeds . as there are no environmental interactions and no depletion of resources for food this makes abalone a really sustainable seafood choice . abalone can be farmed on land in aquaculture systems that are enclosed , referred to as
recirculating systems
, which means that all water and waste are contained . abalone graze on seaweeds for food . as there are no environmental interactions and no depletion of resources for food this makes abalone a really sustainalbe seafood choice .
as an oily fish , their strong flavour is used to add a kick to many dishes and sauces , including worcestershire sauce , and they are widely used in mediterranean cooking . anchovy fillets are generally packed in oil or salt and sold in jars
or tins . often used as a topping for pizza , caesar salads or just on toast . also in paste or rolled and accompanied with other foods such as olives . anchovy can also be processed into fish meal . they are small green fish with a silver stripe that gives them a bluish hue . a relative of the herring , they are a short - lived , schooling fish feeding on small fry ( recently hatched fish ) and plankton at the bottom of the food - chain . the bay of biscay fishery is a sustainable choice . the cantabrian sea ( bay of biscay ) purse seine anchovy fishery is certified by the marine stewardship council ( msc ) as sustainable . anchovy are a species with a low vulnerability and high resilience and as such can sustain high levels of fishing pressure . however , recruitment of young fish to the stock is affected by environmental factors including climatic fluctuations . if recruitment is low and fishing pressure too high the stock becomes vulnerable to collapse . anchovy are also a species at or near the base of the food chain and the impact of their large - scale removal on the marine ecosystem is poorly understood .
or tins . often used as a topping for pizza , caesar salads or just on toast . also in paste or rolled and accompanied with other foods such as olives . anchovy can also be processed into fish meal . they are small green fish with a silver stripe that gives them a bluish hue . a relative of the herring , they are a short - lived , schooling fish feeding on small fry ( recently hatched fish ) and plankton at the bottom of the food - chain . anchovy populations fluctuate largely because of environmental variability . it is important that their populations are maintained at an appropriate level because anchovy are a very important part of the food chain . their catches need to be appropriate to maintain an ecosystem balance . due to the last el nino , anchovy populations are low and therefore a suite of management measures have been implemented to ensure anchovy populations can rebuild . however , there needs to be more transparency in stock assessments and quotas need to be made more appropriate for predators of anchovy .
a member of the salmonidae family ( as are salmon and trout ) , arctic char ( or charr ) are both a freshwater and marine fish . they are native to the cold water of the arctic and sub - arctic , occupying coastal waters and lakes . it is also a
native species to scotland where is it found in deep , cold glacial lakes , as can be found in similar deep waters in the rest of the uk . it can reach sizes over 9kg but more typically are offered for sale at 1 - 2 kg . land based farmed arctic char is a good choice to make when looking for an oily fish . the use of land based production systems addresses many issues of environmental concern that can be associated with farmed fish production . artic charr has a lower requirement for fish in its diet compared to other salmonid species and in uk and icelandic production responsibly sourced feed is used .
method of production — farmed production country — uk production method — land based flow through and recirculating systems .
the group of freshwater fish known as catfish are captured from the wild or farmed for food and displayed in public aquaria dependant on the species . this farmed species natural habitat is medium to large rivers in asian countries such as
vietnam , where they can grow up to 44kg . there are omnivores , feeding on a diet of other fish , vegetable matter and crustacea . pangasius bocourti is one of the most important farmed species in vietnam . pangasius farmed to aquaculture stewardship council ( asc ) certified production standards is currently the best choice to make for this farmed species . the asc standard certification addresses a number of issues of environmental concern , the auditing of which requires farm inspections and standard enforcement . in general there are a number of issues of environmental concern associated with production , these include : habitat alteration ; nutrient and organic pollution ; escapes ; interactions with local wildlife and enforcement of regulations . pangasius is a an omnivore and as such is not heavily reliant on marine proteins and oils to form part of its diet , however the fish used to produce the feed is currently not certified as being responsibly managed or sustainable .
seabass are thick - set fish with silvery - scales and a rapid swimming predator , prized by anglers and chefs alike . can be roasted , grilled , baked or barbecued , also be steamed or poached . good with rosemary , garlic or lemon .
can be roasted , grilled , baked or barbecued , also be steamed or poached . good with rosemary , garlic or lemon . seabass are thick - set fish with silvery - scales and a rapid swimming predator , prized by anglers and chefs alike .
seabream are a group of compact , medium - sized fishes known as sparidae . their firm white meat is similar in taste and texture to bass and is ideal for grilling , steaming , baking and pan - frying whole . black bream or porgy are commonly found
in northern european seas and are commercially fished . however the bulk of the seabream in the uk market comes from imports of mediterranean farmed gilthead bream . black bream is a pretty inexpensive fish to eat as it ' s not massively popular despite the fact it ' s delicious . its taste is distinctive and on the sweet side so best grilled or stuffed and baked whole ( after removing its scales ) . fascinating fact - black bream all mature as females at around 20cm ; but once they reach about 30cm they may change into males and all fish over 40cms are males ! they lay their eggs in nests which males excavate with their tails and guard against predators . black bream stocks currently appear to be in a healthy state , however there is a lack of stock assessment and appropriate management measures in force for the species . they are moderately vulnerable to fishing in terms of growth rate and fecundity and the species spawning behavioural traits make them especially vulnerable to bottom trawling . trawling for black bream can destroy both nests and eggs . black bream caught with rod and line or gillnet is a more sustainable option . cornwall , north western and sussex ifca districts , as well as north wales , have the best management for black bream and are currently the most sustainable areas to source from ( sussex has mesh regulations and closed areas for the spawning season and cornwall , sussex , north western and north wales prohibit landing of seabream below 23 cm ) . avoid eating immature black bream ( below 23 cm ) caught prior to and during their spawning season ( april and may in uk inshore waters ) , thus allowing them chance to spawn or reproduce .
sold as whole steaks and fillets and is sometimes used as an alternative to turbot . it is similar to turbot but has slightly smaller flakes and a sweeter taste . brill belongs to a small family of left - eyed flatfish . it grows relatively
fast and generally reaches a certain length faster ( at younger ages ) than flatfish , such as sole and plaice , in the same areas . fisheries for this species are poorly managed . due to lack of data there is no assessment of brill populations or stock . the state of the stock is unknown although abundance is estimated to be increasing . landings of brill derive mainly from the north sea where it is taken as bycatch , predominantly in beam trawl fisheries for plaice and sole . these fisheries are associated with substantial damage to seabed flora and fauna and high discarding of juvenile fish . avoid eating immature brill ( less than 30cm ) and during their breeding time in spring and summer .
clams are versatile shellfish which you should only eat if they are from farmed sources ( e . g . manila or american hardshell clams ) or harvested from the wild ( e . g . carpet or razor clams ) using sustainable manual methods such as hand
gathering . they can be eaten raw , boiled , baked or fried and are most popularly made into clam chowder - a brothy soup , containing potatoes and other vegetables , and often cream . clams , like many fish , were served in restaurants on fridays to provide an option for catholics who abstained from eating
meat ' on this day , as well as during important christian periods such as lent . all manila clams in the uk are progeny of broodstock imported from the west coast of usa . they are grown in trays on trestles in the sea before planting out in ground plots or seabed . only a small number of manila clams are farmed for the table in uk ( 5 tonnes , 2012 ) , the biggest production is seed for ongrowing . clams may be harvested by manual digging or raking , or by mechanical methods , e . g . suction or hydraulic dredge . manual harvesting methods cause less disturbance to sediment than mechanical methods . shellfish farming is a low - impact method of producing farmed seafood and high quality water standards are required for cultivation of shellfish for human consumption .
gathering . avoid eating clams that have been harvested using illegal methods such as by electrical fishing . they can be eaten raw , boiled , baked or fried and are most popularly made into clam chowder - a brothy soup , containing potatoes and other vegetables , and often cream . clams , like many fish , were served in restaurants on fridays to provide an option for catholics who abstained from eating meat on this day , as well as during important christian periods such as lent . in scotland , razor clams are also known as spoots , a reference to the jets of water they produce when rapidly burrowing into sand when exposed at low tides . the marine conservation society fishery team is currently updating the consumer advice for this entry
best boiled then seasoned with malt vinegar and pepper , they are often pickled but also sold in a sealed packet to eat on the go . a traditional welsh breakfast is cockles fried with bacon and served with laver bread . cockles have
many of the fish listed are caught in different ways and from different areas of the sea . some species are caught in a variety of ways and this range shows that , within a species , some may be fished sustainably whilst others unsustainably .
to find out the individual ratings for each fish click on the ratings button next to the image .
fish to eat are rated 1 and 2 , fish to avoid are rated 5 . ratings 3 and 4 mean don’t eat too often .
fish that are being assessed are shown with a question mark icon and
no rating
.
this system has been developed by the marine conservation society to help consumers choose the most environmentally sustainable fish .
seafood sources indicated as , ' to be assessed ' , are those that have not yet been assessed and assigned a rating or are undergoing a period of review . these include sources previously rated by mcs for which the rating has lapsed , due to changes in the market or mcs priorities and resources . given that these sources are not fully assessed , the profile should not be used to infer the current sustainability of the fishery or farmed species .
rating 1 ( light green ) is associated with the most sustainably produced seafood .
rating 3 ( yellow ) based on available information ; these species should probably not be considered sustainable at this time . areas requiring improvement in the current production may be significant . eat only occasionally and check urltoken for specific details .
rating 4 ( orange ) should not be considered sustainable , and the fish is likely to have significant environmental issues associated with its production . while it may be from a deteriorating fishery , it may be one which has improved from a 5 rating , and positive steps are being taken . however , mcs would not usually recommend choosing this fish .
' best choice ' fish are rated 1 and 2 , fish to avoid are rated 5 .
this system has been developed by the marine conservation society to help businesses and consumers choose the most environmentally sustainable fish .
© marine conservation society ( mcs ) 2017 . registered charity no : 1004005 ( england & wales ) ; sc037480 ( scotland ) . company limited by guarantee no : 2550966 . registered in england vat no : 489 1505 17 . registered office : overross house , ross park , ross - on - wye , hr9 7us .
© marine conservation society ( mcs ) 2017 . registered charity no : 1004005 ( england & wales ) ; sc037480 ( scotland ) . company limited by guarantee no : 2550966 . registered in england vat no : 489 1505 17 . registered office : overross house , ross park , ross - on - wye , hr9 7us . scottish office : suite 7 , cbc house , 24 canning street , edinburgh , eh3 8eg
beam trawls are nets with a steel beam that holds the net open . the belly of the net is made of chains and the upper surface of the net is mesh . beam trawlers pull two nets along the seabed simultaneously .
gill nets are lightweight nets made of nylon ( monofilament ) fishing line that are anchored to the seabed and are used to catch fish by entangling the gills .
demersal trawls are large nets that are pulled through the water with the bottom edge of the net touching the seabed . at each edge the net is pulled open by metal ‘trawl doors’ . sometimes referred to as otter trawling .
cornwall good seafood guide rates fish on sustainability using a scale of 1 to 5 .
1 , 2 and 3 are recommended , fish to avoid are rated 5 .
we use the system devised by the marine conservation society ( mcs ) so our scores are comparable with the scores produced by mcs for the uk and fisheries from all around the world . for more information on scoring click here .
demersal trawling in inshore waters is carried out by licenced vessels operating under very strict criteria on vessel size and power and the majority of demersal trawlers in cornwall are using larger than mandatory mesh size over 100mm to reduce unwanted bycatch of juvenile fish .
ref - cheung , w . w . l . , t . j . pitcher and d . pauly , 2005 . a fuzzy logic expert system to estimate intrinsic extinction vulnerabilities of marine fishes to fishing . biol . conserv . 124 : 97 - 111
this simple dish is delicous and easy to prepair . and is best . . .
nathan outlaw proves fish is more than a match for beef in a . . .
a delicious , creamy , spicy recipe to set off quality sustainable . . .
a great way to enjoy crab meat - brown crab claws are full of . . .
this is a simple but effective recipe to make the best of . . .
this is a lovely light lunch or starter using one of our . . .
cornwall good seafood guide is underpinned by the marine conservation society ( mcs ) good fish guide . the first uk consumer guide to sustainable seafood . for more information visit urltoken
if you would like to get in touch with us please feel free to contact us below or use our contact us page .
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carpenter , k . e . , smith - vaniz , w . f . , de bruyne , g . & de morais , l .
madeira and the canary islands , and is found in the entire mediterranean and in the black sea . it is found at depths ranging from zero to 300 m over sandy and muddy substrates . this species was considered a valuable bycatch species prior to the 1990s , after which it became a major target for small scale and semi - industrial fisheries . it is heavily exploited in the mediterranean and northeast atlantic . in the mediterranean sea there are few spawning stock biomass ( ssb ) estimates . available information from the balaeric islands shows reductions in ssb to a series low in 2009 . all additional examined stocks are considered overexploited , with recommendations to reduce fishing effort by 40 to 60 % , depending on the region . in the northeast atlantic the population of
appears to be increasing due to warming temperatures . this increase in abundance has led to the development of fisheries which target this species . it
is a relatively short lived species which is capable of rapid reproductive turnover . therefore , it is listed as least concern .
is distributed from norway and the english channel to dakar , senegal , including madeira and the canary islands , and is found in the entire mediterranean and in the black sea . it is found at depths ranging from zero to 300 metres ( golani in press , vasil ' eva 2011 ) .
albania ; algeria ; belgium ; bulgaria ; cape verde ; croatia ; cyprus ; denmark ; egypt ; france ; gambia ; georgia ; germany ; gibraltar ; greece ; guernsey ; israel ; italy ; jersey ; lebanon ; libya ; malta ; mauritania ; monaco ; montenegro ; morocco ; netherlands ; norway ; portugal ( madeira ) ; romania ; russian federation ; senegal ; serbia ; slovenia ; spain ( canary is . ) ; syrian arab republic ; tunisia ; turkey ; ukraine ; united kingdom ; western sahara
have continuously increased from 1950 ( 1 , 000 tonnes ) to a peak in 2007 ( 18 , 331 tonnes ) , gradually decreasing to 14 , 096 tonnes in 2011 . the largest landings are reported from libyan arab jamahiriya and france .
the most recent review of scientific advice for 2014 of the scientific , technical and economic committee for fisheries ( stecf ) provides the following insight : in most regions for which information was available , spawning stock biomass ( ssb ) estimates are not available . the majority of stocks are considered overfished . in the balaeric islands this species is overfished . ssb has declined continuously since 2000 to the lowest value of the time series in 2009 and remaining low to 2011 . stocks in the liguirian and north tyrrhenian sea are also overfished , with juveniles representing the majority of the catch . this species is among the most valuable demersal resources off the coast of egypt , and is also overfished in this area . throughout the mediterranean basin recommendations are to reduce fishing mortality ( f ) by 40 to 60 % ( stecf 2013 ) .
catch per unit effort ( cpue ) has steadily decreased from 1968 to 2008 in the balearic islands , western mediterranean . landings and cpue remained relatively constant from the 1990s to 2008 ( quetglas
are considered overfished , and in some cases over - exploited , in the following mediterranean sub - regions : gsa06 , gsa07 , gsa09 , gsa05 , gsa25 ( gfcm 2011 ) . although
2002 ) . international bottom trawl survey ( itbs ) data show fluctuating trends from 1992 to 2012 .
m . surmuletus , suggesting that there is need to improve onboard identification using keys and training of participating scientists . this species is thought to be an indicator of climate - related temperature increase in the northern atlantic . there are recent records from 50°n along the norwegian coast , recorded just south bergen , in hardanger fjord and off coastal islands in the area . in the eastern part of the north sea , some small - scale fisheries have been started due to the increased abundance . it is also found in the kattegat area . it is still rare further north . the same trends have been reported from scotland and the shetland islands . temperature increases in the 1930s resulted in similar range expansions ( uiblein 2007 ) .
was considered a valuable bycatch species prior to the 1990s , after which it became a major target for small scale and semi - industrial fisheries . it is heavily exploited in the mediterranean and northeast atlantic ( vogiatzi
is caught primarily by trammel nets and by trawl ( golani in press ) .
is a commercial species throughout its range . it is a major target for small scale and semi - industrial fisheries , and is heavily exploited in the mediterranean and northeast atlantic ( vogiatzi
. 2013 ) . in the mediterranean , two of the three anaged stocks are considered to be over - exploited , and recommendations have been made to not increase fishing mortality , to reduce fishing mortality , and to reduce the percentage small individuals in the catch . in the mediterranean , catches mostly consist of animals less than 15 cm tl which have not yet completed their second year of life ( tserpes
mediterranean fisheries are concentrated along coastal areas , where biodiversity is greatest . the majority ( 80 % ) of the mediterranean fleet is comprised of vessels < 12 m , and as such mediterranean fisheries can be thought of as small - scale artisanal fisheries . additionally , fisheries tend to be multi - species . as such it is difficult and expensive to obtain data for stock assessment purposes . there are several issues of concern which include the widespread targeting of small species or larger juvenile finfish prior to maturity , the observed reduction in the mean trophic level of mediterranean catches , and high discard rates ( 40 to 56 % of the catch taken in waters < 150 m ) and the reduction in mean abundance of piscivorous species ( vassilopoulou 2010 ) .
according to a 2013 synthesis of the status of mediterranean and black sea resources in european waters , while the state of knowledge on the mediterranean and black sea stocks is improving rapidly , between 94 % and 95 % of stocks analysed are overexploited . recent observed reductions in nominal fishing effort have not resulted in declines in fishing mortality . overall reductions between 45 % and 51 % are needed in order to reach maximum sustainable yields ( cardinale and osio 2013 ) .
coastal demersal resources are very sought after in all four of the northern cecaf zone countries ( mauritania , morocco , senegal and the gambia ) . many of the commercially important demersal resources of northwest africa are heavily exploited ( fao 2011 ) . they are exploited by both national artisanal fleets and foreign industrial fleets . demersal fisheries are typically multi - purpose , and many demersal fisheries resources are by - catch of more specialized fisheries , such as the cephalopod , hake or shrimp fisheries . high fishing pressure is exerted all on demersal fish species in this region
morocco : demersal resources are exploited by moroccan cephalopod freezer trawlers , coastal fishing vessels , coastal trawlers and longliners , artisanal boats , leased boats and russian vessels operating under the morocco - russia fishing agreement . demersal resources are explicitly targeted by longlines and some artisanal fishing boats , other vessels catch them as bycatch .
mauritania : demersal resources are exploited by foreign and national trawlers targeting , hake , shrimp , pelagics and demersal fishes .
senegal : demersal resources are mainly targeted by artisanal boats ( fleet composed of ~ 12691 canoes ) using fishing lines , but also by national and foreign trawlers operating under fishing agreements .
to deeper waters ( golani 1994 ) , but direct impacts have not been documented . in the eastern levant ,
is caught in large numbers but due to its small size , is not commercially important ( golani in press ) .
is a well - researched and managed species in the mediterranean . stock assessments are performed regularly by sub - region in the mediterranean basin . it is well researched in the northeast atlantic as well , although relative to the mediterranean it has received less research attention . it is found in marine protected areas throughout its range . there is a need for more research and monitoring of population trends in this species .
carpenter , k . e . , smith - vaniz , w . f . , de bruyne , g . & de morais , l . 2015 .
to make use of this information , please check the < terms of use > .
fewer fish are prized more in the mediterranean than the rouget , for it has a flavor that is so well complimented by the region’s distinctive and aromatic ingredients . whether utilized in a bouillabaisse or baked or pan - fried and featured at the center of the dish , it is a highly coveted european delicacy ( dating back to demand by the romans ! ) and often hard to source in the u . s .
the delicate white flesh is low in fat and high in protein . the scales are relatively large and easily removed . a favorite in european cuisine , the livers of these fish are considered a delicacy – many french recipes call for the whole , ungutted fish to be grilled , or to sauté the livers in butter and then stuff the fish with it before preparation . broiling , pan and deep frying are typical preparations ( not recommended served raw ) as well as escabeche . browne trading imports ours directly from portugal as catch allows – usually our fish our 150 - 250 grams each .
browne trading company is the premier supplier of fresh fish , fine caviar , shellfish , and smoked seafood to both elite restaurants and home kitchens across the u . s .
while doing a little research on the traditional recipe , it appears that this dish is mostly served with the whole fish ( instead of fillets ) , topped with green olives ( not black ) and covered with purèed tomatoes ( not whole ) . feel free to try out the more traditional method , although i usually prefer eating fillets of fish since it’s much less work to eat and i liked the presentation : : presentazione with the tomato pieces as you can still see the fish underneath .
capers : : capperi are commonly used in mediterranean dishes as they are native to the area . in this recipe they add a nice tangy burst of flavor .
when making seafood dishes , i like to use few ingredients : : ingredienti to keep it healthier and quicker to prepare . just like my italian b aked sardine and easy blood orange sole recipes , this dish was on the table in under 30 minutes .
heat the olive oil in a pan over medium heat then add the onions and garlic . sautè them until they’ve softened and have turned slightly brown .
add the capers and black olives , reduce the heat to low and continue cooking for 5 minutes . serve warm .
hi thomas ! it’s nice to hear from another person who has the same love for simple cooking . the fish is plated on a vegetable called “agretti” . you can find the recipe searching by the name or following this link : urltoken
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english - german online dictionary developed to help you share your knowledge with others . more information ! contains translations by tu chemnitz and mr honey ' s business dictionary ( german - english ) . thanks on that account ! links to this dictionary or to single translations are very welcome ! questions and answers
on broken and rough ground but also taken in fair quantities over sand and soft bottoms at depths less than 100 m . less
bougis , p . 1952 . recherches biométriques sur les rougets ( mullus barbatus , mullus surmuletus ) . archs zool . exp . gen . , 89 ( 2 ) : 57 - 174 , 55 fig .
chaine , j . 1938a . recherches sur les otolithes des poissons . . . ( suite ) . act . soc . linn . bordeaux , suppl . 89 : pp . 1 - 361 , 5 pl .
day , f . 1880 - 1884 . the fishes of great britain and ireland . london - edinburgh , 2 vol . , cxii + 336 pp . , 5 + 7 fig . , 92 pl . and 388 pp . , 87 pl . 1880 : 1 ( 1 ) : pp . 1 - 64 , pl . i - xxvii ; 1881 : 1 ( 2 ) ( 3 ) : pp . 65 - 240 , pl . xxviii - lxviii ; 1882 : 1 ( 4 ) : pp . 241 - 336 , pl . lxix - xcii ; 2 ( 5 ) : pp . 1 - 96 , pl . xciii - cxvi ; 1883 : 2 ( 6 ) : pp . 97 - 176 , pl . cxvii - cxxxii ; 2 ( 7 ) : pp . 177 - 272 , pl . cxxxiii - cxlviii ; 1884 : 2 ( 8 ) : pp . 273 - 368 , pl . cxlix - clxxix .
dieuzeide , r . ; novella , m . ( collab . j . roland ) , 1953 - 1955 . catalogue des poissons des côtes algériennes . bull . stn aquic . pêch . castiglione , i ( n . s . ) , ( 4 ) , 1952 [ 1953 ] : pp . 1 - 135 , 73 fig . n . num . ; ii ( n . s . ) , ( 5 ) , 1953 [ 1954 ] : pp . 1 - 258 , 135 fig . n . num . ; iii ( n . s . ) , ( 6 ) , 1954 [ 1955 ] : pp . 1 - 384 , 202 fig . n . num .
fowler , h . w . 1936 . the marine fishes of west africa , based on the collection of the american museum congo expedition 1909 - 1915 . bull . am . mus . nat . hist . , 70 ( 1 ) , jan . 21 , 1936 : pp . vii + 1 - 606 , fig . 1 - 275 ; ( 2 ) , nov . 18 , 1936 : pp . 607 - 1493 , fig . 276 - 567 .
koken , e . 1884 . über fisch - otolithen , insbesondere über die jenigen der norddeutschen oligocän - ablagerungen . z . dt . geol ges . , 36 ( 3 ) : 500 - 565 , pl . ix - xii .
linnaeus , c . 1758 . systema naturae , ed . x , vol . 1 , 824 pp . nantes & pisces : pp . 230 - 338 . ( reprint , 1956 , london . )
lozano y rey , l . 1952 . peces fisoclistos , subserie toracicos . mems r . acad . cienc . exact . fis . nat . madr . , ser . : cien . nat . , primate parte , 14 : pp . xv + 1 - 378 , fig . 1 - 20 , pl . i - xxx ; segunda parte , 14 : pp . 379 - 705 , fig . 21 - 31 , pl . xxi - li .
montalenti , g . 1937 . maenidae , mullidae , sciaenidae , cepolidae in uova , larve e stadi giovanili di teleostei . fauna flora golfo napoli , 38 : 383 - 412 , fig . 263 - 277 , pl . xxxi - xxxiii .
moreau , e . 1881 - 1891 . histoire naturelle des poissons de la france , paris , i , 1881 : pp . i - vii + 1 - 480 , fig . 1 - 82 ; ii , 1881 : pp . 1 - 572 , fig . 83 - 145 ; iii , 1881 : pp . 1 - 697 , fig . 146 - 220 ; suppl . , 1891 : pp . 1 - 144 , fig . 221 - 227 .
poll , m . 1947 . poissons marins in faune de belgique . bruxelles , 452 pp . , 267 fig . , 2 pl . , 2 maps n . num . ( inset ) .
sanz echeverria , j . 1926 . datos sobre el otolito , sagitta de los peces de españa . boln r . soc . esp . hist . nat . , 26 ( 1 ) : pp . 145 - 160 , 71 fig .
sanz echeverria , j . 1936 . otolitos del genere mullus . boln r . soc . esp . hist . nat . , 36 : 345 - 361 , 2 fig . , 2 pl .
soljan , t . 1948 . fauna i flora jadrana . 1 . ribe inst . oceanogr . ribarst . jugoslavia . zagreb , hrvatske , 437 pp . , 1350 fig .
wheeler , a . 1969 . the fishes of the british isles and north - west europe . macmillan , london , melbourne and toronto : pp . i - xvii + 1 - 163 , 5 + 177 fig . , 392 fig . ( princ . sp . ) , 92 n . num . fig . , 16 pl . , maps .