the earth-colored mouse ( mus terricolor ) is a species of rodent in the family muridae .

it is found in india , possibly indonesia , nepal , and pakistan .

earth - colored mouse

the earth - coloured mouse ( m . terricolor ) is native to peninsular india , nepal , and pakistan , but it has been introduced into northern sumatra . the fawn - coloured mouse has a natural distribution throughout mainland southeast asia and southern china but also inhabits rice fields on sumatra and java , where it…
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thank you for taking the time to provide feedback on the iucn red list of threatened species website , we are grateful for your input .
justification : this species is listed as least concern as it is relatively widely distributed in south asia , where it is regarded as a pest species . it is introduced in sumatra , indonesia .
the species is presumably present within some protected areas . there is a need for taxonomic studies to conclusively determine the distribution of mus booduga and the similar mus booduga .
this errata assessment has been created because the map was accidentally left out of the version published previously .
( errata version published in 2017 ) . the iucn red list of threatened species 2016 : e . t13987a115119298 .
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horse , ( equus caballus ) , a hoofed , herbivorous mammal of the family equidae . it comprises a single species , …
animal , ( kingdom animalia ) , any of a group of multicellular eukaryotic organisms ( i . e . , as distinct from…
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musser , guy g . , and michael d . carleton / wilson , don e . , and deeann m . reeder , eds .
mammal species of the world : a taxonomic and geographic reference , 3rd ed . , vol . 2
mammal species of the world : a taxonomic and geographic reference , 2nd ed . , 3rd printing
comments : subgenus mus . formerly referred to as m . dunni ( j . t . marshall , jr . , 1977b , 1986 ) , but terricolor is the older name ( j . t . marshall , jr . , 1977b , 1998 : 80 , and in litt . , 1989 ) . chromosomal results presented by sharma et al . ( 1986 , under dunni ) and boyeskorov et al . ( 1997 , as dunni ) in context of evolutionary divergence from other species of mus . closely related to mus booduga . both species have 2n = 40 , with all telocentric chromosomes , but m . booduga has a slightly smaller y chromosome . all . . .
the following is a representative barcode sequence , the centroid of all available sequences for this species . there are 2 barcode sequences available from bold and genbank .
below is a sequence of the barcode region cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 ( coi or cox1 ) from a member of the species .
amori , g . ( small nonvolant mammal red list authority ) & cox , n . ( global mammal assessment team )
this species is listed as least concern as it is relatively widely distributed in south asia , where it is regarded as a pest species . it is introduced in sumatra , indonesia .
baillie , j . 1996 . mus terricolor . 2006 iucn red list of threatened species . downloaded on 9 july 2007 .
musser , g . g . ; carleton , m . d . ( 2005 ) .
superfamily muroidea
. in wilson , d . e . ; reeder , d . m . mammal species of the world ( 3rd ed . ) . johns hopkins university press . pp . 894–1531 . isbn 978 - 0 - 8018 - 8221 - 0 . oclc 62265494 .
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to cite this page : myers , p . , r . espinosa , c . s . parr , t . jones , g . s . hammond , and t . a . dewey . 2018 . the animal diversity web ( online ) . accessed at https : / / animaldiversity . org .
disclaimer : the animal diversity web is an educational resource written largely by and for college students . adw doesn ' t cover all species in the world , nor does it include all the latest scientific information about organisms we describe . though we edit our accounts for accuracy , we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts . while adw staff and contributors provide references to books and websites that we believe are reputable , we cannot necessarily endorse the contents of references beyond our control .
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harpa doris , common name the rose harp , is a species of sea snail , a marine gastropod mollusk in the family harpidae , the harp snails .

harpa doris

species harpa striata lamarck , 1816 accepted as harpa cabriti p . fischer , 1860
title : harpa doris location : s tome e principe , sao tome and principe description : harpa sea snail [ harpa doris ] on a blue background . lives on te african west coats and is usually burried in sand keywords : stamp , shell , 1 . 50 db , blue , 1981 , wolfgang hartwig , lito nacional , porto , portugal , harpa doris
species harpa ventricosa lamarck , 1816 accepted as harpa cabriti p . fischer , 1860 ( invalid : junior homonym of harpa ventricosa lamarck , 1801 )
species harpa multicostata g . b . sowerby i , 1822 accepted as harpa costata ( linnaeus , 1758 )
message please keep me informed when a similar specimen ( harpa - doris giant ! - [ senegal ] ( röding , 1798 ) ) is available .
harpa doris approaching her berth at praia , cape verde april 09 2015 . former name : launched as vadero trym built by selay gemi - tuzla , turkey 2009 .
harpa rosea lamarck , j . b . p . a . de , 1822
harpa doris robusta ( röding , 1798 ) live taken , fine + + + , slightly smoothed terminal ridge ; splendid ! - extra heavy specimen close to the wrs ; 82 . 5 mm ; cape verde islands , são nicolau , carriçal ; scuba diving at 12 - 14m . ; november 2012 . [ har101 ]
( of harpa robusta röding , 1798 ) dance , s . p . & g . t . poppe , 1999 family harpidae . in : a conchological iconography ( conchbooks , ed . ) , 69 p . [ details ]
( of harpa robusta röding , 1798 ) rehder h . a . ( 1973 ) . the family harpidae of the world . indo - pacific mollusca 3 ( 16 ) : 207 - 274 . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of harpa rosea lamarck , 1816 ) rehder h . a . ( 1973 ) . the family harpidae of the world . indo - pacific mollusca 3 ( 16 ) : 207 - 274 . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of harpa rosea lamarck , 1816 ) gofas , s . ; afonso , j . p . ; brandào , m . ( ed . ) . ( s . a . ) . conchas e moluscos de angola = coquillages et mollusques d ' angola . [ shells and molluscs of angola ] . universidade agostinho / elf aquitaine angola : angola . 140 pp . ( look up in imis ) [ details ]
( of harpa rosea lamarck , 1816 ) lamarck , j . b . p . a . de monet de ( 1798 - 1816 ) . encyclopédie méthodique . tableau encyclopédie et méthodique de trois règnes de la nature . vers , coquilles , mollusques et polypiers , livraison 64 , part 21 : pls . 287 - 390 ( 28 april 1798 ) ; livr . 84 , part 23 : 1 - 16 ( = liste des objects représentés dans les planches de cette livraison ) , pls . 391 - 488 ( 14 december 1816 ) . – paris ( v . agasse ) . page ( s ) : vol . 3 , pl . 404 , fig . 2 [ details ]
rolán e . , 2005 . malacological fauna from the cape verde archipelago . part 1 , polyplacophora and gastropoda . ( look up in imis ) [ details ]
bernard , p . a . ( ed . ) ( 1984 ) . coquillages du gabon [ shells of gabon ] . pierre a . bernard : libreville , gabon . 140 , 75 plates pp . ( look up in imis ) [ details ]
dance , s . p . & g . t . poppe , 1999 family harpidae . in : a conchological iconography ( conchbooks , ed . ) , 69 p . [ details ]
rehder h . a . ( 1973 ) . the family harpidae of the world . indo - pacific mollusca 3 ( 16 ) : 207 - 274 . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
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shell gallery view « shell encyclopedia , conchology , inc . » conchological megadatabase on mollusks
the star system calculates the number of pieces that were handled by conchology , inc . in the last 15 years :
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( 1973 ) . rehder presented 11 species of living harps . there have been many new taxa proposed since 1973 . all but one are now generally accepted as forms of one or the other of the 11 species addressed by rehder . only
rehder , 1993 is mostly accepted as a valid addition to his 1973 list . whether or not all 11 of the taxa addressed by rehder ( plus
) are truly separate species or if the many localized forms given species / subspecies names actually represent separate species will have to await a comprehensive dna analysis .
( two or one blotch ) to be able to accept his argument . i would also note that the characters described for
( “body whorl … more broadly ovate and rounded , ” “ribs tend to be narrower and more distant” ) . my own opinion is that
species addressed by rehder and the
accepted
species addressed 31 and 42 years later .
. indo - pacific mollusca , volume 3 , no . 16 . delaware museum of natural history .
are quite variable within populations and across geographic range . so variable that they occur readily across taxa , especially those that share common geographic distributions and influences , and most often cannot be relied upon to distinguish between species when confronted with a particular specimen . in my presentations i have limited the features discussed to those that should be relied upon to distinguish among taxa . i have presented the protoconchs for all , but did not find this feature to be helpful ( too variable , too often missing or incomplete , and too similar ) in distinguishing among taxa , except in a few cases (
) . i did not find color to be helpful for taxa that are otherwise close and from the same locales . i did not find reliance on “blotching” to be more than partially helpful without linkage to other confirming features . i have addressed the distribution of parietal glazing and found it to be quite helpful and distinctive for many taxa ( especially when linked to other features ) , but not decidedly so for the most problematic taxa (
) . i do not present a general description of each taxa , which is available many places elsewhere ( see rehder 1973 ) . rather , for some i present some background information and then start my descriptions with the parietal glazing and follow with those features that i found can best be used to distinguish among taxa .
the following table presents the features i found best allow identifying and distinguishing the 12 taxa . the green cells describe key features that should be identified first ( and in some taxa , alone or linked to other “greens , ” are sufficient to identify a taxon ) . the pink cells describe features very helpful in narrowing the possibilities for otherwise similar taxa . the yellow cells describe features that i found very consistently separate taxa within the geographic range of
. i apologize for the tiny text in the table , but i wanted to get it all on one page .
, and from a dozen to several dozen for the others , limited examination of shells displayed at shell shows by exhibitors and dealers , some images from the web ( usually too poor to be helpful ) , and images in literature ( also usually also too poor to be helpful ) . obviously , my sample is limited in terms of actual material for close examination , and my conclusions should be tempered accordingly . i would be happy to hear from those with specimens in any of these taxa that question or confirm my observations (
) . however , i would also hope that you can provide good quality photos or would be willing to loan the specimens for a photo session . i will continue to add to these presentations with comments or more photos / material contributed by other fans of
. three terms ( subsutural plateau , shoulder and t ) should be understood . normally , “shoulder” refers to the area from the suture to an inflection point ( a pronounced downward angle ) or , when absent , the periphery . all
, the shoulder would normally be the area from suture to the inflection point ( where spines are located ) . i have defined the area from the suture to the inflection point as the subsutural plateau . and , when i refer to the shoulder , i am referring narrowly to the spiral line representing the inflection where the subsutural plateau turns downward ( and is where the rib spines normally occur ) . i have observed that all mature
has three . as a matter of shorthand i may use t1 , t2 , t3 or t4 to refer to the teleoconch whorls . so ,
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full reference : f . e . eames . 1952 . a contribution to the study of the eocene in western pakistan and western india : c . the description of the scaphopoda and gastropoda from standard sections in the rakhi nala and zindar pir areas of the western punjab and in the kohat district . philosophical transactions of the royal society of london series b 236 : 1 - 168
type specimen : bmnh g . 68305 , a shell . its type locality is fossil bed f . 2556 , zinda pir , which is in a lutetian marine shale in the domanda formation of pakistan .
( of harpalis link , 1807 ) link d . h . f . ( 1807 - 1808 ) . beschreibung der naturalien - sammlung der universität zu rostock . rostock : adlers erben . 1 abt . [ part 1 ] , pp . 1 - 50 ; 2 abt . [ part 2 ] , pp . 51 - 100 ; 3 abt . [ part 3 ] , pp . 101 - 165 ; abt . 4 [ part 4 ] , pp . 1 - 30 ; abt . 5 [ part 5 ] , pp . 1 - 38 [ 1808 ] ; abt . 6 [ part 6 ] , pp . 1 - 38 . , available online at urltoken page ( s ) : 114 [ details ]
poppe g . t . , brulet t . & dance s . p . ( 1999 ) . the family harpidae . conchological iconography . conchbooks , hackenheim . 69pp . [ details ]
( of harpalis link , 1807 ) obis indo - pacific molluscan database . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of harpalis link , 1807 ) rehder h . a . ( 1973 ) . the family harpidae of the world . indo - pacific mollusca 3 ( 16 ) : 207 - 274 . , available online at urltoken page ( s ) : 237 [ details ]
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tulane university journal publishing is an open access , peer - reviewed journal publishing service which provides a web - based platform for scholarly and academic publishing to the tulane community .
tulane studies in geology and paleontology was devoted primarily to the geology and paleontology of the coasts and adjacent land areas of the gulf of mexico and the caribbean sea . each number
the journal was published between 1962 and 1997 . this is a collection of the entire run of the journal .
for all scientific names see vol . 10 , no . 4 ( taxonomic index to vol . 1 - 10 ) ; vol . 20 , no . 4 ( taxonomic index to vol . 11 to 20 ) ; vol . 30 , no . 4 ( taxonomic index to vol . 21 to 30 ) .
the past half century has seen dramatic changes in the world of scientific publishing ; changes that will continue in the next few decades . the newest generations of ( geo ) scientists have come of age in an environment where the research literature is almost entirely accessed online and visits to physical library collections are becoming increasingly rare . on one hand , these developments have led to the proliferation of new journals , most of which only exist online , and many of the latest additions are open - access journals . on the other hand , several older publication venues have come to a close .
it is now 20 years ago that the last issue of tulane studies in geology and paleontology ( initially known as tulane studies in geology ) appeared . coincidental or not , 1997 was right around the time that scientific publishing rapidly migrated to the internet . initiated in 1962 , tsgp has published more than 5000 pages of peer - reviewed research , in many cases by faculty members and graduate students in tulane’s department of geology . series like tsgp proliferated for many years , in part based on the extensive exchange schemes that existed between academic libraries . editing was carefully done in house , constituting a major time commitment for the faculty members who served as editors . even though the series was discontinued a while ago , the research published in tsgp has had a lasting impact . it continues to be cited on a regular basis and typically accrues 20 to 30 citations annually according to the web of science .
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search = country = / angola = africa / angola / dsc _ 9272 . jpg
title : puma location : argentina description : cougar or puma [ puma concolor ] in a tree , printed in an orangeish color . with
s . oficial
printe over it . keywords : stamp , mammal , cat , correos , 50 c , puma
title : llama location : argentina description : llama [ lama glama ] out in the desert . s pficial printed ofer the stamp keywords : stamp , mammal , llama , 20 c , s oficial , lama glama , correos
title : neon tetra location : brazil description : neon tetra [ paracheirodon innesi ] in green underwater vegitation keywords : stamp , fish , 1 . 00 , 1976 , raul pereira , casa da mondeda do brasil , hyphessobrycon innesi , paracheirodon innesi
title : manduba location : brazil description : manduba [ ageneiosus inermis ] just over a sandy bottom keywords : stamp , fish , 1 . 00 , 1976 , raul pereira , casa da mondeda do brasil , palmito , ageneiosus sp , ageneiosus inermis
title : reina del choco location : columbia description : reina del choco [ cattleya dowiana var . aurea ] all in oragne keywords : stamp , plant , flower , orchid , cattleya dowiana aurea , cattleya dowiana var . aurea , 1874 , 1949 , upu , 5 , centavos , waterlow and sons limited
title : lawyer ' s wigs location : guyana description : lawyer ' s wigs [ coprinus comatus ] growing in the grass keywords : stamp , mushroom , 1990 , macro , $ 2 . 55 , coprinus comatus
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haloclavidae is a family of sea anemones .

members of the family are found worldwide and many live largely buried in soft substrates with only their oral disc and tentacles protruding .

haloclavidae

tree of life web project . 2000 . haloclavidae . version 01 january 2000 ( temporary ) .
, p 29 ) of the family haloclavidae requires slight modifications to accommodate the new taxon within this family ( see above ) .
cruises ant xv / 3 and ant xix / 3 . the new genus shares several features with some genera of the families haloclavidae ( verrill
) have remarked , the distinctness of the families haloclavidae and halcampoididae is not clearly established . most ( if not all ) characters given by carlgren (
metapeachia schlenzae sp . nov . ( cnidaria : actiniaria : haloclavidae ) a new burrowing sea anemone from brazil , with a discussion of the genus metapeachia .
the ' antenna balloon anemone ' found in the seto inland sea : new genus and species of sea anemone , antennapeachia setouchi ( cnidaria , actinaria , haloclavidae ) .
metapeachia schlenzae sp . nov . ( cnidaria : actiniaria : haloclavidae ) a new burrowing sea anemone from brazil , with a discussion of the genus metapea . . . - pubmed - ncbi
, pp 21 , 26 , 29 ) , distinguishing characters between the families haloclavidae and halcampoididae are reduced to the differential length between inner and outer tentacles and the possible absence of the siphonoglyph in the halcampoididae .
) . we therefore prefer not to use this category in the present work . we tentatively place the genus within the family haloclavidae . finally , the relationships of this new genus with the most similar haloclavid genera are discussed .
daly , m . ; fautin , d . ( 2018 ) . world list of actiniaria . haloclavidae verrill , 1899 . accessed through : world register of marine species at : urltoken ; = 100671 on 2018 - 07 - 09
mesacmaea is the only genus of the haloclavidae ( including stephanthus gen . nov . ) in which the column is divisible into different regions ; moreover , it is clearly remarkable within the family due to the presence , although weak , of a diffuse sphincter . mesacmaea also has a very regular arrangement of the tentacles but is quite atypical in having seven tentacles in the inner cycle . the retractor musculature is strong and restricted in mesacmaea but is diffuse in stephanthus gen . nov .
van der land , j . ; den hartog , j . h . ( 2001 ) . actiniaria , in : costello , m . j . et al . ( ed . ) ( 2001 ) . european register of marine species : a check - list of the marine species in europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification . collection patrimoines naturels , 50 : pp . 106 - 109 ( look up in imis ) [ details ]
hayward , p . j . ; ryland , j . s . ( ed . ) . ( 1990 ) . the marine fauna of the british isles and north - west europe : 1 . introduction and protozoans to arthropods . clarendon press : oxford , uk . isbn 0 - 19 - 857356 - 1 . 627 pp . ( look up in imis ) [ details ]
usually elongated , sometimes relatively short and stout , usually differentiated into regions . aboral end rounded , without a
. mesenteries not differentiated into macrocnemes and microcnemes , at least six pairs being perfect ; imperfect ones , if present , being long and bearing retractor muscles . a single siphonoglyph is present , usually well - defined and sometimes more or less separated from the
sorry , there are no images or audio / video clips available for this taxon .
the unexplored portions of the world ' s oceans are so vast that the descriptive stage of their faunas is far from being completed . although during recent years research into antarctic biodiversity has been intensified , the anthozoan fauna is not well known , our present knowledge being estimated to encompass no more than 50 % ( winston
) . thus , efforts to increase our knowledge of the benthic fauna in this area are necessary not only to complete our knowledge of the anthozoan fauna but also to go further in our understanding of the processes involved in the origins of the extant antarctic fauna .
the material studied was collected on the polarstern cruises ant xv / 3 ( easiz - ii ) and ant xix / 3 ( andeep - i ) , sponsored by the alfred - wegener - institut für polar - und meeresforschung , bremerhaven , during the austral summers of 1998 to the eastern weddell sea and antarctic peninsula ( easiz - ii ) and 2002 to the scotia arc ( andeep - i ) .
sea anemones were relaxed on board using menthol crystals and subsequently fixed in 10 % formalin in seawater . fragments of the holotype and the larger paratype were dehydrated in buthanol ( johansen
) , and embedded in paraffin . histological sections 7–8 μm thick were stained with ramón and cajal ' s triple stain ( gabe
cnidae measurements were taken from preserved material in squash preparations at 1 , 000× magnification with nomarski differential interference contrast optics . frequencies given are subjective impressions based on squash preparations .
the material studied in this article has been deposited in the zoologisches institut und zoologisches museum in hamburg ( zmh ) , in the university natural history museum in kansas ( kunhm ) and in the zoology section of the faculty of biology at the university of seville in spain ( sz ) .
) , the characters and their variants referring to this genus have been suppressed .
the genus is named after professor t . a . stephenson in recognition of his major contributions to our knowledge in sea anemone systematics , and anthus ( anthos - anthus : flower in figurative sense in greek ) being a common suffix in sea anemone generic names . gender masculine .
holotype : zmh ( c11680 ) , one specimen , polarstern ant xv / 3 , stn . 48 / 336 , antarctic peninsula , 61°26 . 8′s 58°06 . 2′w , 1 , 047–1 , 227 m depth , 19 march 1998 , agassiz trawl . paratypes : kunhm ( 001610 ) , one specimen ; zmh ( c11681 ) , one specimen , both materials with the same sampling data as the holotype .
additional material : sz ( ant - 1282 ) , one specimen , polarstern ant xix / 3 , stn . ps61 / 103 - 1 , antarctic peninsula , 61°44 . 9′s 58°01 . 4′w , 256–296 m depth , 13 february 2002 , bottom trawl ; sz ( ant - 1281 ) , one specimen , polarstern ant xix / 3 , stn . ps61 / 106 - 1 , antarctic peninsula , 61°38 . 2′s 57°32 . 7′w , 424–427 m depth , 14 february 2002 , bottom trawl ; sz ( ant - 1609 ) , one specimen , polarstern ant xix / 3 , stn . ps61 / 107 - 1 , antarctic peninsula , 61°51 . 2′s 57°17 . 6′w , 256–277 m depth , 14 february 2002 , bottom trawl .
) : body ovoid to more or less spherical , to 40 mm diameter and 56 mm height in preserved and contracted specimens . aboral end rounded , physa - like . body without regional differentiation but with a parapet and a deep fosse ( fig .
a ) . about 20 longitudinal folds on inner distal border of parapet . scapus soft and fibrous , corrugated in preserved and contracted specimen , forming deep irregular transversal furrows with numerous small longitudinal furrows . larger specimens with pale spots slightly restricted to proximal part of scapus ; no foreign particles adhered to them ( fig .
stephanthus antarcticus gen . nov . , sp . nov . a holotype ( zmh c11680 ) in lateral view . b , c paratype ( zmh c11681 ) , lateral and aboral view , respectively ; note the rounded aboral end . d paratype ( kunhm 001610 ) , lateral view . scale bar 20 mm
stephanthus antarcticus gen . nov . , sp . nov . ( holotype zmh c11680 ) . a preserved specimen , longitudinal section of the distal part of the column and oral disc . b , c detail of the proximal part of the body wall showing the superficial spots . d cross section at stomodaeum level of whole animal ; note the basal enlargement of the single siphonoglyph . abbreviations : fo fosse , mo mouth , od oral disc , rm retractor musculature , te tentacles . scale bars 5 mm
oral disc slightly broader in diameter than proximal end in retracted specimens . tentacles can be only partially retracted , being only middle covered by the parapet in all preserved specimens . tentacles longitudinally furrowed , longer than diameter of the oral disc in preserved specimens . inner tentacles more or less equal in length ( to 27 mm in preserved specimens ) to outer ones , to 24 in number , arranged in three cycles ( 6 + 6 + 12 ) . oral end of siphonoglyph distinguishable at border of the mouth , but does not form a conchula .
) : equal number of mesenteries distally and proximally . mesenteries hexamerously arranged in two cycles : first cycle perfect and fertile ; second cycle imperfect and fertile ( fig .
d ) . two pairs of fertile directives , only one connected with the single , strong and well - developed siphonoglyph , with a basal enlargement ( figs .
a ) . mesogloea and gastrodermis of siphonoglyph slightly wider than mesogloea and gastrodermis of the stomodaeum . gastrodermis of siphonoglyph not vacuolated . retractor musculature diffuse at stomodaeum level ( fig .
a ) and attached near to the base of tentacles where it becomes slightly restricted ( fig .
b ) . parietobasilar musculature strong , well developed . gametogenic tissues well developed in specimens collected in february and march ; gonochoric ; developing spermatic vesicles and oocytes ( to 0 . 25 mm and to 1 . 8 mm in diameter in preserved specimens , respectively ) .
stephanthus antarcticus gen . nov . , sp . nov . a histological cross section at stomodaeum level ( holotype zmh c11680 ) . b detail retractor musculature at most distal level ( holotype zmh c11680 ) . c longitudinal histological section of the distal part of the column and oral disc ( paratype kunhm 001610 ) . abbreviations : * endocoel between mesenteries of the first cycle , * * endocoel between mesenteries of the second cycle , e . g . basal enlargement of the siphonoglyph , fo fosse , ms mesenteries , rm retractor musculature , te tentacles . scale bars : a 5 mm , b 3 mm , c 5 mm
stephanthus antarcticus gen . nov . , sp . nov . longitudinal sections through the body wall of the holotype ( zmh c11680 ) . a detail of the body wall . b , c detail of the proximal part of the body wall showing the superficial spots , which are poorly histologically differentiated . abbreviations : ep epidermis , ga gastrodermis , me mesogloea , ss superficial spots . scale bars 0 . 5 mm
stephanthus antarcticus gen . nov . , sp . nov . ( holotype zhm c11680 ) . a detail of cross section showing a second cycle mesentery ; note the distinct parietobasilar musculature , the diffuse retractor musculature and the developing spermatic vesicles . b cross section through a tentacle showing the ectodermal longitudinal musculature ; note the subepidermical nerve plexus . c longitudinal section through the proximal part of the mesenteries showing the absence of basilar musculature . abbreviations : ep epidermis , ga gastrodermis , me , mesogloea , np , nerve plexus , pb , parietobasilar musculature , rm , retractor musculature , sv , spermatic vesicles . scale bars : a 1 mm ; b , c 0 . 5 mm
sphincter muscle absent . tentacles and oral disc with ectodermal longitudinal musculature . no histologically differentiated regions along tentacles . endodermal circular musculature well developed at mid - column . column wall of similar thickness entire length , corrugated nature probably due to contraction of the specimens ( fig .
a ) . superficial spots in proximal part of column poorly differentiated in histological sections ( fig .
b , c ) . epidermis 0 . 1–0 . 4 mm thick and fibrous ; mesogloea 0 . 25–1 . 5 mm thick , and gastrodermis 0 . 09–0 . 33 mm thick .
) : spirocysts , basitrichs and microbasic b - mastigophores . a survey of the cnidae is presented in table
size ranges of the cnidae of stephanthus antarcticus gen . nov . , sp . nov .
stephanthus antarcticus sp . nov . is known only from the south shetland islands , off the antarctic peninsula , inhabiting muddy bottom , depth 256–1 , 227 m .
, pp 26 , 29 ) , for both families , have a high range of variability , often overlapping between one another , due to the existence of numerous exceptions to the rule , with the text containing terms such as
rarely
,
usually
,
sometimes
,
except in . . .
.
with regard to the use of the differential length between inner and outer tentacles as a distinctive character at familial level , we think that this should be restricted as a generic feature in these two families . according to stephenson (
, p 514 ) ,
the form of the tentacles in a preserved specimen will depend chiefly on the circumstances of the animal ' s death
. it is true that in some species their entameric or ectameric nature can be easily established . however , in
gen . nov . some of the inner tentacles are longer than the outer ones , some are shorter and others are of about equal length . thus , the relative length between the inner and the outer tentacles is not so helpful in this case .
furthermore , the new genus shows a distinctive character , a deep fosse and parapet . the supposed presence of a fosse and a parapet has been attributed to the genera
the presence of a distinct fosse and parapet is also present in the family andresiidae . however , members of this family are characterised by a well defined , circumscribed , endodermal sphincter , two siphonoglyphs and 24 pairs of perfect mesenteries .
the systematic position of the family andresiidae is another instance of the lack of phylogeny patterns in carlgren ' s system and some of its categories ( which carlgren himself recognised ) and the necessary wholesale revision of the higher categories in the actiniarian taxonomy . according to stephenson (
) does not resemble a typical athenarian , except in the absence of basilar musculature and in a burrowing mode of life . stephenson (
) show distinct acrospheres at the apex of the tentacles . the imperfect mesenteries and no clear difference between the length of the outer and the inner tentacles distinguish
, in which all the mesenteries are perfect and the inner tentacles are shorter than the outer ones .
stephanthus gen . nov . has imperfect mesenteries , whereas in metapeachia , mesacmaea and harenactis , all mesenteries are perfect .
metapeachia is easily distinguishable from the other haloclavid genera ( including stephanthus gen . nov . ) by the presence of a siphonoglyph completely separated from the other parts of the actinopharynx . the presence of a distal conchula is another distinctive generic character of metapeachia ( shared only with peachia ) . furthermore metapeachia has only eight pairs of mesenteries ( all perfect and fertile ) and 16 tentacles , while stephanthus gen . nov . has 12 pairs of mesenteries ( only six of them perfect ) and 24 tentacles arranged in three regular cycles .
in harenactis the retractor musculature of the oldest mesenteries is reniform , but it is diffuse in stephanthus gen . nov . harenactis also has vertical rows of cinclides in the column , stephanthus gen . nov . has no cinclides .
finally , peachia shares with stephanthus gen . nov . a second cycle of imperfect mesenteries , but peachia is easily distinguishable from stephanthus gen . nov . by having a distinct conchula . also peachia usually has only 12 tentacles , its aboral end is perforated by numerous apertures , and its second cycle of mesenteries is formed by only four pairs of imperfect and sterile mesenteries . in contrast , stephanthus gen . nov . has no conchula , 24 tentacles , an imperforate aboral end , and a distinct fosse and parapet , and its second cycle of mesenteries is formed by six regularly arranged pairs of imperfect and fertile mesenteries .
to a new family , oractiidae . because of that , and the addition of
b ) column divisible into regions . arrangement of tentacles regular but atypical with 7 in the inner cycle . a weak , diffuse sphincter
c ) siphonoglyph with a conchula , rarely completely separated from the actinopharynx . second cycle formed by only 4 pairs of imperfect and sterile mesenteries ( 2 ventral and 2 ventrolateral pairs )
cc ) conchula absent . second cycle formed by 6 pairs of imperfect and fertile mesenteries . well developed parapet and fosse present
sp . nov . is the absence in its cnidom of microbasic p - mastigophores . this absence is atypical ; indeed , the microbasic p - mastigophore is one of the commoner nematocysts in the actiniaria , usually present in the filaments and in the actinopharynx ( carlgren
) . another notable feature is the long basitrichs ( basitrichs 2 , see fig .
) in the tentacles . the range of the basitrichs 2 in the proximal part of the tentacles is wider than that in the distal part of the tentacles , the longest basitrichs being more abundant in the distal part . moreover , the length range of the basitrichs 2 is even more restricted in the stomodaeum than in the tentacles .
special thanks are addressed to dr . josep - maria gili ( instituto de ciencias del mar , barcelona ) and prof . wolf arntz ( alfred - wegener - institut , bremerhaven ) , who made possible our participation in the antarctic cruises where the present material was collected .
andres a ( 1881 ) prodromus neapolitanae actinarium faunae addito generalis actiniarum bibliographiae catalogo . mitt zool stat neaple ii , leipzig
andres a ( 1883 ) le attinie . atti r accad lincei mem 14 ( 3 ) : 211–673
appellöf a ( 1896 ) die actiniengattungen fenja , aegir , und halcampoides , dan . afh aarsberetning udgivnet bergens mus 11 : 3–16
arntz we , gallardo va ( 1994 ) antarctic benthos : present position and future prospects . in : hempel g ( ed ) antarctic science : global concerns . springer , berlin heidelberg new york , pp 243–277
arntz we , brey t , gallardo av ( 1994 ) antarctic zoobenthos . oceanogr mar biol annu rev 32 : 241–304
bayer fm ( 1981 ) status of knowledge of octocorals of world sea . in : seminarios de biologia marina , sâo paulo . academia brasileira ciências , rio de janeiro , pp 3–102
carlgren o ( 1899 ) über abschnürbare tentakel bei den actiniarien . zool anz 578 ( 22 ) : 39–44
carlgren o ( 1921 ) actiniaria . i . dan ingolf - exp 5 ( 9 ) : 1–241
carlgren o ( 1940 ) a contribution to the knowledge of the structure and distribution of the cnidae in anthozoa . lunds univ arsskr 36 : 1–62
carlgren o ( 1943 ) east - asiatic corallimorpharia and actiniaria . kongl svenska vetenskapsakad handl ( ser 3 ) 20 ( 6 ) : 1–43
carlgren o ( 1949 ) a survey of the ptychodactiaria , corallimorpharia and actiniaria . kongl svenska vetenskapsakad handl ( ser 4 ) 1 ( 1 ) : 1–121
dunn d ( 1983 ) some antarctic and sub - antarctic sea anemones ( coelenterata : ptychodactiaria and actiniaria ) . ( biology of the antarctic seas xiv , antarctic research series 39 ) agu , washington , d . c . , pp 1–67
, a new genus and species of the class zoophyta ; with observations on the family actiniadae . trans linn soc lond 21 : 267–276
fautin d ( 1984 ) more antarctic and sub - antarctic sea anemones ( coelenterata : corallimorpharia and actiniaria ) . ( biology of the antarctic seas xiv , antarctic research series 41 ) agu , washington , d . c . , pp 1–42
fautin d ( 1988 ) importance of nematocysts to actinian taxonomy . in : hessinger da , lenhoff hm ( eds ) the biology of nematocysts . academic press , san diego , pp 487–500
hand c ( 1966 ) on the evolution of the actiniaria . in rees wj ( ed ) the cnidaria and their evolution . academic press , london , pp 135–46
kwietniewski cr ( 1897 ) ein beitrag zur anatomie und systematik der actiniarien . universität jena , germany
, new genus and species of subergorgiidae ( cnidaria , octocorallia ) from off the antarctic peninsula . polar biol 24 : 122–126
manuel rl ( 1988 ) british anthozoa . in : kermack dm , barnes rsk ( eds ) synopses of the british fauna ( new series no18 , revised ) . brill / backhuys , leiden
östman c ( 2000 ) a guideline to nematocyst nomenclature and classification , and some note on the systematic value of nematocysts . sci mar 64 [ suppl 1 ] : 31–46
riemann - zürneck k ( 1979 ) two disc - shaped deep sea anthozoa from the gulf of biscay , with a survey of adaptation types in the actiniaria . zoomorphologie 93 : 227–243
carlgren , 1934 ( cnidaria : actiniaria : kadosactidae nov . fam . ) . senckenbergiana marit 21 ( 5 / 6 ) : 191–204
sp . nov . , an arctic deep - sea anemone with peculiar invaginations of its oral disc ( cnidaria : actiniaria ) . polar biol 23 : 604–608
( actiniaria , halcampoididae ) from the eastern weddell sea and antarctic peninsula . sci mar 66 : 43–52
schmidt h ( 1972 ) prodromus zu einer monographie der mediterranen aktinien . zoologica 422 ( 121 ) : 120
schmidt h ( 1974 ) on evolution in the anthozoa . in : international coral reef symposium 1 , great barrier reef committee , brisbane , pp 533–60
shick jm ( 1991 ) a functional biology of sea anemones . in : calow p ( ed ) functional biology series . chapman and hall , london
stephenson ta ( 1920 ) on the classification of actiniaria . i . qj microsc sci 64 ( 256 ) : 425–574
stephenson ta ( 1922 ) on the classification of actiniaria . iii . qj microsc sci 66 : 247–319
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verrill ae ( 1899 ) art . vi . descriptions of imperfectly known and new actinians , with critical notes on other species . ii . am j sci 7 ( 4 ) : 41–50
watling l , thurston mh ( 1989 ) antarctica as an evolutionary incubator : evidence from the cladistic biogeography of the amphipod family iphimediidae . in : crame ja ( ed ) origins and evolution of the antarctic biota . ( special publication 47 ) geological society , london , pp 297–313
williams gc ( 1999 ) index pennatulacea : annotated bibliography and indexes of the sea pens ( coelenterata : octocorallia ) of the world 1469–1999 . proc calif acad sci 51 ( 2 ) : 19–103
winston je ( 1992 ) systematics and marine conservation . in : eldredge n ( ed ) ecology and the biodiversity crisis . columbia university press , new york , pp 144–168
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carlgren , o . 1949 . a survey of the ptychodactiaria , corallimorpharia and actiniaria . kungl . svenska vetenskapsakadamiens handlingar , series 4 , volume 1 , number 1 .
this media file is licensed under the creative commons attribution - noncommercial - noderivs license - version 2 . 0 .
the information provided on this page is based on oscar carlgren ' s 1949 catalog .
please note that carlgren ' s text contains a number of errors , and much of the information is now out of date . an update of the catalog is currently under preparation in daphne fautin ' s laboratory , and the results of this work will be incorporated in future versions of this page .
keyboarding of carlgren ' s catalog was done as part of a project to create an electronic database of the sea anemones of the world , funded by nsf grant deb9521819 , awarded to daphne g . fautin . this grant is in the program partnerships to enhance expertise in taxonomy ( peet ) . susanne hauswaldt , katherine pearson , and april wakefield - pagels contributed to the keyboarding effort .
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departamento de zoologia , instituto de biociências , universidade de são paulo , rua do matão , trav . 14 , 101 , cidade universitária , 05508 - 090 , são paulo , sp , brazil current address : department of invertebrate zoology , american museum of natural history , central park west at 79th street , 10024 , new york , ny , usa . ; email : lgusmao @ amnh . org .
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the ' antenna balloon anemone ' found in the seto inland sea : new genus and species of sea anemone , antennapeachia setouchi ( cnidaria , actinaria , hal . . . - pubmed - ncbi
1 department of biological sciences , the university of tokyo , bunkyo - ku , tokyo 113 - 0033 , japan .
2 coastal branch of natural history museum and institute , chiba , kastuura - shi , chiba 299 - 5242 , japan .
3 department of zoology , national museum of nature and science , tsukuba - shi , ibaraki 305 - 0005 , japan .
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to cite this page : myers , p . , r . espinosa , c . s . parr , t . jones , g . s . hammond , and t . a . dewey . 2018 . the animal diversity web ( online ) . accessed at https : / / animaldiversity . org .
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please note : entries in the above species list are the original binomina of species according to carlgren ' s 1949 catalog . nomenclatorial inconsistencies need to be resolved in a future revision of this genus ( see below ) .
collection and donation of this specimen by dr . r . dekker ( nioz , texel , netherlands ) is gratefully acknowledged .
rodríguez , e . & lópez - gonzález , p . j . helgol mar res ( 2003 ) 57 : 54 . urltoken
what type of species is peachia chilensis ? below , you will find the taxonomic groups the peachia chilensis species belongs to .
how to identify peachia chilensis marine species ? below , you will find the list of main identification criteria and physical characteristics of marine species peachia chilensis . for each identification criteria , the corresponding physical characteristics of marine species peachia chilensis are marked in green .
where is peachia chilensis found in the world ? below , you will find the list and a world map of the geographic distribution where the marine species peachia chilensis can be found .
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france . collection and donation of this specimen by dr . r . dekker ( nioz , texel , netherlands ) is gratefully acknowledged .
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raffray 's bandicoot ( peroryctes raffrayana ) is a species of marsupial in the family peroryctidae .

it is found in indonesia and papua new guinea .

its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry forests .

raffray ' s bandicoot

raffray ' s bandicoot is hunted for food by local people throughout its range , but this is not seen as a major threat to the species .
aspects of the ecology of the kalubu bandicoot ( echymipera kalubu ) and observations on raffray’s bandicoot ( perorcytes raffrayanus ) , eastern highlands province , papua new guinea - cuthbert , r . j and denny , m . j . h
raffray ' s bandicoots have a distinct odor similar to aged cheddar cheese . the life expectancy of
raffray ' s bandicoots are hunted and eaten by the natives of new guinea ( lawlor , 1979 ) .
this paper provides the first detailed description of the ecology of the kalubu bandicoot , echymipera kalubu , and observation on raffray ' s bandicoot , perorcytes raffrayanus , from a study in the eastern highlands region of papua new guinea . both are common species in png and are an important item of game for local people .
the raffray ' s bandicoot is listed as least concern ( lr / lc ) , lowest risk . does not qualify for a more at risk category . widespread and abundant taxa are included in this category , on the iucn red list of threatened species
raffray ' s bandicoot is widespread throughout the highlands of new guinea ( indonesia and papua new guinea ) , and it is also found on yapen island ( flannery 1995a , b ) . it occurs from 60 to 3 , 900 m asl , though it is most common at around 1 , 000 m asl ( flannery 1995a ) .
walker ' s mammals of the world , vol . 1 , 5th ed .
raffray ' s bandicoots have a short gestation period ( about 15 days ) , and their young mature rapidly , nursing for approximately 60 days . a true chorioallantoic placenta develops , as in all peramelidae ( vaughan , 1986 ) .
are polyestrous , and usually have a litter of between one and six young . young raffray ' s bandicoots forage with their mothers for a few nights after weaning , then separate to lead a solitary life ( stonehouse , 1977 ) .
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build ground nests of twigs , grass , and debris , often in thick vegetation . although most animals of the order peramelemorphia are territorial and solitary except during breeding seasons , female raffray ' s bandicoots have been observed nesting communally . males range widely over areas inhabited by several females . there is no association between the sexes until periods of estrus ( stonehouse , 1977 ) .
a uniquely valuable compendium of taxonomic and distributional data on the world ' s living and historically extinct mammalian species . contributors and editors alike deserve the thanks of all
raffray ' s bandicoots have an unpatterned , medium to dark brown coat and coarse fur . they are approximately 30 cm in length . their snout is long and narrow , and they have insectivore - like dentition , small ears , and a long non - prehensile tail . the hindfoot is highly specialized and elongated for running and hopping , with reduction in the number of digits in both the forefoot and hindfoot ( vaughan , 1986 ) .
information indicates evolutionary relationships at both the ordinal and the family level . this indispensable reference work belongs in public and academic libraries throughout the world and on the shelf of every biologist who works with mammals .
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wilson and reeder ' s mammal species of the world is the classic reference book on the taxonomic classification and distribution of the more than 5400 species of mammals that exist today . the third edition includes detailed information on nomenclature and , for the first time , common names . each concise entry covers type locality , distribution , synonyms , and major reference sources . the systematic arrangement of information indicates evolutionary relationships at both the ordinal and the family level . this indispensable reference work belongs in public and academic libraries throughout the world and on the shelf of every biologist who works with mammals .
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disclaimer : itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available , and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties . however , it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes . while every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and up - to - date information available , ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in provisions of treaties to which the united states is a party , wildlife statutes , regulations , and any applicable notices that have been published in the federal register . for further information on u . s . legal requirements with respect to protected taxa , please contact the u . s . fish and wildlife service .
wilson and reeder ' s mammal species of the world is the classic reference book on the taxonomic classification and distribution of the more than 5400 species of mammals that exist today . the third edition includes detailed information on nomenclature and , for the first time , common names . each concise entry covers type locality , distribution , synonyms , and major reference sources . the systematic arrangement of
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justification : listed as least concern in view of its wide distribution , presumed large population , lack of major threats , and because it is unlikely to be declining at nearly the rate required to qualify for listing in a threatened category .
the species occurs in montane and upper montane tropical moist forests , and montane grasslands . it is rarely found in secondary or regenerating forest , preferring undisturbed forest . animals have been recorded from secondary forests , but the species is fairly intolerant of habitat disturbance . the average litter size is one or two young ( flannery 1995a ) .
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i thought you might be interested in this item at urltoken title : mammal species of the world : a taxonomic and geographic reference author : don e wilson ; deeann m reeder publisher : baltimore : johns hopkins university press , ©2005 . isbn / issn : 0801882214 9780801882210 0801882389 9780801882388 0801882397 9780801882395 oclc : 57557352
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usually inhabit undisturbed rainforest and are commonly found in a range of elevations from 850 - 1200 m . they also sometimes are found in higher and lower areas , with the exceptions of the woodlands and savannah of southern new guinea and extreme low - lying areas ( flannery , 1996 ) .
can be distinguished from other species of bandicoots by their smaller size , darker coloration , and lack of a white tail tip ( flannery , 1996 ) .
rarely ventures into new forest or regrowth areas . they are creposcular , with most feeding taking place between 7 and 9 p . m . ( flannery , 1996 ) .
is largely insectivorous and omnivorous , sometimes eating small vertebrates , invertebrates , and vegetation . mianmin hunters observe that the fruiting fig amomeam is a favored food ( flannery , 1996 ) .
rothschildi , has been identified in the huon peninsula of new guinea ( flannery , 1996 ) .
having body symmetry such that the animal can be divided in one plane into two mirror - image halves . animals with bilateral symmetry have dorsal and ventral sides , as well as anterior and posterior ends . synapomorphy of the bilateria .
animals that use metabolically generated heat to regulate body temperature independently of ambient temperature . endothermy is a synapomorphy of the mammalia , although it may have arisen in a ( now extinct ) synapsid ancestor ; the fossil record does not distinguish these possibilities . convergent in birds .
forest biomes are dominated by trees , otherwise forest biomes can vary widely in amount of precipitation and seasonality .
this terrestrial biome includes summits of high mountains , either without vegetation or covered by low , tundra - like vegetation .
the area in which the animal is naturally found , the region in which it is endemic .
islands that are not part of continental shelf areas , they are not , and have never been , connected to a continental land mass , most typically these are volcanic islands .
flannery , t . 1996 . mammals of new guinea . robert brown and associates ptn . ltd . : carina qld , australia .
lawlor , t . 1979 . handbook to the orders and families of living mammals . mad river press : eureka , california .
stonehouse , b . , ed . ; gilmore , d . , ed . 1977 . the biology of maruspials . university park press : baltimore .
to cite this page : kennedy , k . 1999 .
peroryctes raffrayana
( on - line ) , animal diversity web . accessed july 09 , 2018 at urltoken
disclaimer : the animal diversity web is an educational resource written largely by and for college students . adw doesn ' t cover all species in the world , nor does it include all the latest scientific information about organisms we describe . though we edit our accounts for accuracy , we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts . while adw staff and contributors provide references to books and websites that we believe are reputable , we cannot necessarily endorse the contents of references beyond our control .
this material is based upon work supported by the national science foundation grants drl 0089283 , drl 0628151 , due 0633095 , drl 0918590 , and due 1122742 . additional support has come from the marisla foundation , um college of literature , science , and the arts , museum of zoology , and information and technology services .
kento furui added the japanese common name
ラフレーバンディクート
to
peroryctes raffrayana ( milne - edwards , 1878 )
.
kari pihlaviita added the finnish common name
uudenguineanpusseli
to
peroryctes raffrayana ( milne - edwards , 1878 )
.
kari pihlaviita removed a common name in an unknown language from
peroryctes raffrayana ( milne - edwards , 1878 )
.
kari pihlaviita added an unknown common name in an unknown language to
peroryctes raffrayana ( milne - edwards , 1878 )
.
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mammal species of the world : a taxonomic and geographic reference , 2nd ed . , 3rd printing
mammal species of the world : a taxonomic and geographic reference , 3rd ed . , vols . 1 & 2
picture has been licensed under a creative commons attribution sharealike license original source : base map derived from file : blankmap - world . png . distribution data from iucn red list author : chermundy
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