scrobipalpula caustonae is a moth in the gelechiidae family .

it was described by landry in 2010 .

it is found on the galapagos islands .

the length of the forewings is 3.5 – 4 mm .

the forewings are creamy white with a diffuse pattern of brown , mostly tinged orange lightly , with darker brown patches sub - and postmedially along the midline .

the hindwings are white .

scrobipalpula caustonae

scrobipalpula caustonae landry , 2010 ; revue suisse zool . 117 ( 4 ) : 728 , 699 ( list , as symmetrichema caustonae ) ; tl : galapagos , florana , punta cormoran
scrobipalpula artemisiella , the thyme moth , is a moth in the gelechiidae family .
scrobipalpula diffluella , the essex groundling , is a moth of the gelechiidae family .
scrobipalpula manierreorum priest , 2014 ; j . lep . soc . 68 ( 2 ) : 116 ; tl : michigan , marquette co .
scrobipalpula inornata landry , 2010 ; revue suisse zool . 117 ( 4 ) : 723 , 699 ( list ) ; tl : galapagos , española , bahia , manzanillo
scrobipalpula antiochia powell & povolný , 2001 ; holarctic lepidoptera 8 ( suppl . 1 ) : 17 ; tl : california , contra costa co . , antioch dunes national wildlife refuge
scrobipalpula gutierreziae powell & povolný , 2001 ; holarctic lepidoptera 8 ( suppl . 1 ) : 17 ; tl : california , antioch nat . wildlife refuge , contra costa co .
scrobipalpula equatoriella landry , 2010 ; revue suisse zool . 117 ( 4 ) : 726 , 699 ( list ) ; tl : galapagos , santa crúz , est . cient . charles darwin
scrobipalpula ramosella ; [ nhm card ] ; huemer & karsholt , 1998 , nota lepid . 21 ( 1 ) : 40 ; [ me6 ] , 197 , 31 ; [ fe ]
scrobipalpula diffluella ; [ nhm card ] ; huemer & karsholt , 1998 , nota lepid . 21 ( 1 ) : 55 , 40 ; [ me6 ] , 199 , 31 ; [ fe ]
scrobipalpula tussilaginis ; [ nhm card ] ; huemer & karsholt , 1998 , nota lepid . 21 ( 1 ) : 60 , 40 ; [ me6 ] , 201 , 31 ; [ fe ]
scrobipalpula densata ; [ nhm card ] ; [ sangmi lee & richard brown ] ; landry & roque - albelo , 2010 , revue suisse zool . 117 ( 4 ) : 722 , 699 ( list )
scrobipalpula potentella ; [ nacl ] , # 2020 ; [ nhm card ] ; powell & povolný , 2001 , holarctic lepidoptera 8 ( suppl . 1 ) : 15 ; lee , hodges & brown , 2009 , zootaxa 2231 : 26
scrobipalpula ( gnorimoschemini ) ; [ sangmi lee ] ; lee , hodges & brown , 2009 , zootaxa 2231 : 26 ; [ me6 ] , 194 , 31 ; landry & roque - albelo , 2010 , revue suisse zool . 117 ( 4 ) : 722 , 699 ( list ) ; [ fe ]
scrobipalpula psilella ; povolný , 1964 , acta soc . ent . cechoslov . 61 : 341 ; povolný , 1969 , acta ent . bohemoslov . 66 : 379 ; povolný , 1976 , acta ent . bohemoslov . 73 ( 1 ) : 49 ; povolný , 1977 , acta ent . bohemoslov . 74 ( 3 ) : 197 ; povolný , 1977 , acta ent . bohemoslov . 74 ( 5 ) : 335 ; [ nhm card ] ; huemer & karsholt , 1998 , nota lepid . 21 ( 1 ) : 43 , 40 ; povolný , 1998 , : 340 ; powell & povolný , 2001 , holarctic lepidoptera 8 ( suppl . 1 ) : 16 ; ponomarenko , park & bae , 2006 , j . asia - pacif . ent . 9 ( 2 ) : 109 ; [ me6 ] , 195 , 31 ; lee , hodges & brown , 2009 , zootaxa 2231 : 26 ; [ sangmi lee & richard brown ] ; [ fe ]
= ; lee , hodges & brown , 2009 , zootaxa 2231 : 26 ; landry & roque - albelo , 2010 , revue suisse zool . 117 ( 4 ) : 722
larva on senecio douglasii powell & povolný , 2001 , holarctic lepidoptera 8 ( suppl . 1 ) : 17
larva on artemisia canadensis kearfott , 1903 , j . n . y . ent . soc . 11 : 161
phthorimaea crustaria meyrick , 1917 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1917 ( 1 ) : 42 ; tl : peru , lima
gelechia ( doryphora ? ) daturae zeller , 1877 ; horae soc . ent . ross . 13 : 359
switzerland , austria , germany , norway , finland , latvia , s . urals . see [ maps ]
= ; huemer & karsholt , 1998 , nota lepid . 21 ( 1 ) : 55 , 40 ; [ me6 ] , 199 , 31
= ; [ nhm card ] ; huemer & karsholt , 1998 , nota lepid . 21 ( 1 ) : 55 , 40 ; [ me6 ] , 199 , 31
larva on erigeron sp . , homogyne alpina , aster alpinus , bellidiastrum michelii , erigeron politus huemer & karsholt , 1998 , nota lepid . 21 ( 1 ) : 59 , erigeron acer , e . acer politus [ me6 ] , 200
aristotelia ephoria meyrick , 1917 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1917 ( 1 ) : 36 ; tl : peru , matucana , 7780ft
gnorimoschema erigeronella braun , 1921 ; proc . acad . nat . sci . philad . 73 : 7 ; tl : glacier park station
phthorimaea gregalis meyrick , 1917 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1917 ( 1 ) : 43 ; tl : peru , lima
gregariella ( zeller , 1877 ) ( lita ) ; horae soc . ent . ross . 13 : 339 , pl . 4 , f . 109
larva on gutierrezia californica powell & povolný , 2001 , holarctic lepidoptera 8 ( suppl . 1 ) : 17
gnorimoschema hemilitha clarke , 1965 ; proc . u . s . nat . mus . 117 ( 3508 ) : 81 ; tl : masatierra , bahia cumberland
ephysteris hodgesi povolný , 1967 ; acta ent . mus . natn . pragae 37 : 119 ; tl : arizona , coconino co . , fort valley , 7 . 5mi nw flagstaff
isochlora ( meyrick , 1931 ) ( phthorimaea ) ; j . linn . soc . lond . ( zool . ) 37 : 280
gnorimoschema lutescella clarke , 1934 ; can . ent . 66 : 172 , pl . 9 , f . 1 - 2 ; tl : washington , pullman
scrobipalpulopsis lycii powell & povolný , 2001 ; holarctic lepidoptera 8 ( suppl . 1 ) : 15 ; tl : california , san clemente is . , west cove , los angeles co .
alberta , british columbia , manitoba , michigan , ontario , quebec . see [ maps ]
larva on eurybia ( aster ) macrophylla adamski , landry , nazari & priest , 2014 , j . lep . soc . 68 ( 2 ) : 122
gnorimoschema melanolepis clarke , 1965 ; proc . u . s . nat . mus . 117 ( 3508 ) : 83 ; tl : masafuera , quebrada de las casas
phthorimaea ochroschista meyrick , 1929 ; exot . microlep . 3 ( 16 ) : 494 ; tl : texas , alpine and fort davis , 5000ft
parachiquitella povolný , 1968 ; acta sci . nat . brno 2 ( 3 ) : 16
gelechia physaliella chambers , 1872 ; can . ent . 4 ( 9 ) : 173 ; tl : kentucky
phthorimaea polemoniella braun , 1925 ; trans . am . ent . soc . 51 ( 1 ) : 13 ; tl : brown co . , ohio
larva on polemonium reptans braun , 1925 , trans . am . ent . soc . 51 ( 1 ) : 14
gnorimoschema potentella keifer , 1936 ; calif . dept . agric . , bull . 25 : 238
larva on horkelia californica powell & povolný , 2001 , holarctic lepidoptera 8 ( suppl . 1 ) : 16
eu , naf , russia , mongolia , afghanistan , china ( jilin ) , . . . , nepal , japan . see [ maps ]
= ; [ nhm card ] ; huemer & karsholt , 1998 , nota lepid . 21 ( 1 ) : 43 , 40 ; [ me6 ] , 195 , 31
= ; huemer & karsholt , 1998 , nota lepid . 21 ( 1 ) : 43 , 40 ; [ me6 ] , 195 , 31
= ; huemer & karsholt , 1998 , nota lepid . 21 ( 1 ) : 40 ; [ me6 ] , 195 , 31
larva on artemisia campestris , a . maritima , a . vulgaris , helichrysum arenarium , aster amellus huemer & karsholt , 1998 , nota lepid . 21 ( 1 ) : 50 , chrysanthemum , centaurea scabiosa , aster tripolium , a . amellus , erigeron acer [ me6 ] , 196 , anaphalis , gnaphalium powell & povolný , 2001 , holarctic lepidoptera 8 ( suppl . 1 ) : 16
gnorimoschema radiatella busck , 1904 ; proc . u . s . nat . mus . 27 ( 1375 ) : 758 ; tl : pullman , washington
lita ramosella müller - rutz , 1934 ; mitt . schweiz . ent . ges . 16 ( 2 ) : 120
larva on erigeron sp . , centaurea pindicola , achillea holosericea huemer & karsholt , 1998 , nota lepid . 21 ( 1 ) : 53 , artemisia umbelliformis [ me6 ] , 198
phthorimaea sacculicola braun , 1925 ; trans . am . ent . soc . 51 ( 1 ) : 13 ; tl : cincinnati , ohio
gnorimoschema semirosea meyrick , 1929 ; exot . microlep . 3 ( 16 ) : 492 ; tl : texas , forestburg and alpine , 5000ft
phthorimaea stirodes meyrick , 1931 ; an . mus . nac . hist . nat . buenos aires 36 : 385
phthorimaea trichinaspis meyrick , 1917 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1917 ( 1 ) : 41 ; tl : peru , lima
england , france , netherlands , germany , switzerland , austria , poland , italy , hungary , greece , turkey . see [ maps ]
= ; [ nhm card ] ; huemer & karsholt , 1998 , nota lepid . 21 ( 1 ) : 60 , 40 ; [ me6 ] , 201 , 31 ; [ fe ]
= ; huemer & karsholt , 1998 , nota lepid . 21 ( 1 ) : 60 , 40 ; [ me6 ] , 201 , 31
larva on tussilago farfara , petasites huemer & karsholt , 1998 , nota lepid . 21 ( 1 ) : 62
lita pygmaeella heinemann , 1870 ; schmett . dtl . schweitz ( 2 ) 2 ( 1 ) : 259
sangmi lee , richard brown & sibyl bucheli . gelechioidea - a global framework ;
[ maps ] warning ! the maps are automatically generated from the textual information , and the process does not always produce acceptable result ; see about maps for more info .
contribution à l ' étude des lépidoptères du nord de l ' afrique ( suite ) . description et éthologie de trois espèces nouvelles [ lep . gelechidae ]
die schmetterlinge deutschlands und der schweiz . 2 . abteilung , kleinschmetterlinge . 2 . die motten und federmotten
systematische bearbeitung der schmetterlinge von europa , zugleich als text , revision und supplement zu j . hübner ' s sammlung europäischer schmetterlinge , die schaben und federmotten , ( 1847 - ) 1853 - 1855 )
zeller , 1877 exotische microlepidopteren horae soc . ent . ross . 13 : 3 - 493 , pl . 1 - 6
if you have corrections , comments or information to add into these pages , just send mail to markku savela keep in mind that the taxonomic information is copied from various sources , and may include many inaccuracies . expert help is welcome .
the checklists are descriptive documents of the species that are part of a concrete taxonomic group or a group of species that are part of an specific analysis .
these documents have a structure that includes a list of the authors , a description of the taxonomic group or subject , and a list of the species that are part of the list .
the checklists aren ' t updated regularly , since they require revisions from groups of authors before their publication .
a complete set of a checklist include a pdf document and a table in csv format .
gustavo jiménez - uzcátegui , david a . wiedenfeld , f . hernán vargas , howard l . snell .
nathalia tirado - sanchez , john mccosker , diego ruiz , angel chiriboga , stuart banks .
yves finet , nathalia tirado - sanchez , angel chiriboga , diego ruiz , stuart banks .
frank bungartz , frauke ziemmeck , alba yánez ayabaca , fredy nugra , andré aptroot .
anne guézou , susana chamorro , paola pozo , ana mireya guerrero , rachel atkinson , chris buddenhagen , patricia jaramillo díaz , mark gardener .
gustavo jiménez - uzcátegui , javier zabala , brian milstead , howard l . snell .
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the “charles darwin foundation for the galapagos islands” , in french “fondation charles darwin pour les îles galapagos” , association international sans but lucratif ( “aisbl” ) , has its registered office located at drève du pieuré 19 , 1160 brussels , and is registered under the trade registry of brussels under the number 0409 . 359 . 103 .
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princaxelia jamiesoni is a species of amphipod crustacean described in 2010 .

the type material of princaxelia jamiesoni was collected on september 30 , 2008 from a depth of 7,703 metres ( 25,272 ft ) in the japan trench ( 36 ° 14.96 ′ n 142 ° 49.01 ′ e ) .

further material was collected in 2009 from the izu-ogasawara trench ( 27 ° 22.09 ′ n 143 ° 13.49 ′ e ) at a depth of 9,316 m ( 30,564 ft ) .

princaxelia jamiesoni

this new species , the jamiesoni , is only the fourth species of princaxelia to be discovered .
its a new species of shrimp and its been named princaxelia jamiesoni after the university of aberdeen scientist who discovered it in trenches at the bottom of the north west pacific ocean .
dr . jamieson and his hadeep colleagues head off to japan again tomorrow ( march 4 ) where , among other things , they hope to observe and collect further specimens of princaxelia jamiesoni .
lörz , a . n . ( 2010 ) . trench treasures : the genus princaxelia ( pardaliscidae , amphipoda ) . zool . baetica , 21 : 65 - 84 . [ details ] available for editors [ request ]
the genus princaxelia was named after prince axel of denmark ( 1888 - 1964 ) in 1959 after the great danish galathea expeditions recovered the first specimens of this kind of shrimp . the last species to be found was in 1977 .
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horton , t . ; lowry , j . ; de broyer , c . ; bellan - santini , d . ; coleman , c . o . ; corbari , l . ; daneliya , m . ; dauvin , j - c . ; fišer , c . ; gasca , r . ; grabowski , m . ; guerra - garcía , j . m . ; hendrycks , e . ; hughes , l . ; jaume , d . ; jazdzewski , k . ; kim , y . - h . ; king , r . ; krapp - schickel , t . ; lecroy , s . ; lörz , a . - n . ; mamos , t . ; senna , a . r . ; serejo , c . ; sket , b . ; souza - filho , j . f . ; tandberg , a . h . ; thomas , j . ; thurston , m . ; vader , w . ; väinölä , r . ; vonk , r . ; white , k . ; zeidler , w . ( 2018 ) . world amphipoda database .
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and its almost four decades since the last new member of this shrimp family was discovered .
dr . alan jamieson from the universitys oceanlab was on a hadeep research cruise when the shrimp - or amphipods - were filmed and caught in the japan trench in 2008 at 7703m deep and then again in 2009 at the nearby izu - bonin trench at depths of 9316m .
the research fellow is research manager of the hadeep project  a collaboration involving the universities of aberdeen and tokyo which is investigating life in the deepest parts of the ocean .
dr . jamieson said : we caught lots of the usual animals on both research cruises however in amongst our haul were these long white creatures which no - one knew anything about .
the samples eventually came back to aberdeen and those unknown species sat under my desk for over two years until our next hadeep trip took us to new zealand where i met amphipod taxonomist dr . anne - nina loerz .
i told her about these long white spiky things that we had filmed and caught and was delighted when she said she was an expert in such creatures .
dr . jamieson sent the samples to dr . loerz who then established that they were a new species .
the taxonomist then named them after dr . jamieson saying his dedication to trench research is greatly advancing the scientific knowledge about deep sea biology .
dr . jamieson , who is originally from edinburgh , added : it is an extraordinary creature with a long elongated body thought to facilitate swimming over great distances . yet it is extremely manoeuvrable at short ranges , capable of fast predatory attacks .
it is another example of the extraordinary creatures that inhabit the most extreme depths of the oceans and to have this one named after me is a great honor , both for me , and my family .
and the specimens themselves are currently residing in the national science museum of tokyo .
scientists investigating in one of the worlds deepest ocean trenches - - previously thought to be void of fish - - have discovered an entirely new species .
a scientist from the university of aberdeen is leading a team of international researchers whose work will continue our understanding of life in the deepest oceans , and contribute to the global census of marine life .
( physorg . com ) - - a new species of dinosaur is named somewhere in the world every two weeks . but are they all new species , or do the newly - discovered bones really belong to a dinosaur already identified ?
( physorg . com ) - - evidence from the challenger deep - - the deepest surveyed point in the world ' s oceans - - suggests that tiny single - celled creatures called foraminifera living at extreme depths of more than ten kilometres . . .
he ' s not well known like president bush and musician neil young , but philadelphian frank gallagher now has something in common with them : he has a new species named after him .
rare footage of marine creatures putting on deep sea ' lightshows ' on the floor of the atlantic ocean has been captured by scientists using the latest technology . so many animals were squirting luminescence into the water . . .
the co - evolution of plant—pathogen interactions has been revealed in unprecedented detail in a study of one of the world ' s deadliest crop killers . this is the rice blast pathogen , which destroys enough food to feed more . . .
using genome editing to inactivate a protein called pcsk9 effectively reduces cholesterol levels in rhesus macaques , a species of monkey , according to researchers from the perelman school of medicine at the university of . . .
fish that ' farm ' their own patches of seaweed alter their ' cropping ' practices under high co2 conditions , researchers at the university of adelaide in australia have found .
mucus is able to protect us from infection thanks to ancient genes that have been conserved throughout 350 million years of evolution—dating back to our days as a jellyfish .
by proving a theory that was first proposed almost 40 years ago , researchers have confirmed a new way that cells conserve energy .
our bodies consist of many different kinds of cells , each with their own role . the japanese scientist shinya yamanaka had made earlier the discovery , earning the nobel prize in 2012 , that cells from adult skin can be converted . . .
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a new species of shrimp found several miles below the ocean has been named after the university of aberdeen scientist who made the discovery .
the creature , which is white and about 6cm long , was discovered at the bottom of the north west pacific ocean .
dr jamieson said :
it is another example of the extraordinary creatures that inhabit the most extreme depths .
he was on a research mission , in conjunction with colleagues based in toyko , when the shrimp were caught on camera .
dr jamieson said :
we caught lots of the usual animals . however , in amongst our haul were these long white creatures which no - one knew anything about .
dr jamieson said :
it is an extraordinary creature with a long elongated body thought to facilitate swimming over great distances .
yet it is extremely manoeuvrable at short ranges , capable of fast predatory attacks .
to have this named after me is a great honour , both for me and my family .
theresa may names a new uk foreign secretary after boris johnson quits over her brexit strategy .
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) at a depth of 9 , 316 m ( 30 , 564 ft ) . it is named after alan jamieson , a marine biologist from the university of aberdeen .
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. . . the most recent information on amphipods from the north - west pacific area come from the results of the sojabio expedition to the sea of japan ( golovan et al . , 2013 ) . up to now in north - west pacific 50 benthic and demersal amphipod species from 24 families have been recorded ( bellan - santini , 1990 ; birstein andvinogradov , 1955 , 1958 ; birstein and vinogradova , 1960 ; bulycheva , 1936 ; golovan et al . , 2013 ; gurjanova , 1951gurjanova , , 1955kamenskaya , 1977kamenskaya , , 1980kamenskaya , , 1981kamenskaya , , 1995kamenskaya , , 1997lörz , 2010a , 2010b margulis , 1967 ; narahara et al . , 2012 ; pirlot , 1933 ; stebbing , 1888 ; thurston , 2000 ; vinogradov , 1993 ) . . . .
the marine fauna of new zealand and the ross sea : amphipoda , synopiidae ( crustacea ) .
investigate the taxonomy of described species of oedicerotidae and dexaminidae ( lepechinellids ) using an integrated morphological and molecular approach .
epimeria horsti sp . nov . , collected from new zealand seamounts at 970–1156 m depth , is described in detail . this increases the number of known species of new zealand epimeriidae to four . additionally epimeria bruuni barnard , 1961 , previously known only from the kermadec trench at 2470 m depth , is redescribed using new material collected from young nicks seamount , hikurangi plateau . a key is . . . [ show full abstract ]
synopsis of amphipoda from two recent ross sea voyages with description of a new species of epimeria . . .
59 zootaxa issn 1175 - 5326 ( print edition ) issn 1175 - 5334 ( online edition ) abstract two recent voyages to the ross sea in 2004 and 2008 collected over 3000 benthic amphipoda . the composition of 30 amphipod families is presented , and a focus is given to the family epimeriidae from which a new species described . epimeria larsi sp . nov . from 1950 m depth , is the deepest occurring species of the . . . [ show full abstract ]
deep - sea rhachotropis ( crustacea : amphipoda : eusiridae ) from new zealand and the ross sea with key t . . .
the amphipod genus rhachotropis has a worldwide distribution . four species new to science are described , increasing the total number of rhachotropis species to 59 . only one species was previously known from new zealand and none from the ross sea . two species rhachotropis chathamensis sp . nov . and r . delicata sp . nov . were collected at the same station in 420 m depth off eastern new zealand ; r . . . . [ show full abstract ]
the eusirid genus rhachotropis s . i . smith , 1883 has a worldwide distribution and the largest bathymetric range known from any amphipod genus . a large , charismatic , colourful species was collected below 800 m at two sites 1000 km apart on the southern kermadec ridge and on the chatham rise in the south - western pacific off eastern new zealand . the new species , rhachotropis oweni is described , . . . [ show full abstract ]
synopsis of amphipoda from two recent ross sea voyages with description of a new species of epimeria . . .
lörz , anne - nina ( 2009 ) : synopsis of amphipoda from two recent ross sea voyages with description of a new species of epimeria ( epimeriidae , amphipoda , crustacea ) . zootaxa 2167 : 59 - 68 , doi : 10 . 5281 / zenodo . 189125
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amiantofusus candoris is a species of sea snail , a marine gastropod mollusk in the family fasciolariidae , the spindle snails , the tulip snails and their allies .

amiantofusus candoris

fraussen k . , kantor y . & hadorn r . 2007 . amiantofusus gen . nov . for fusus amiantus dall , 1889 ( mollusca : gastropoda : fasciolariidae ) with description of a new and extensive indo - west pacific radiation . novapex 8 ( 3 - 4 ) : 79 - 101 . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
after more than 2 years of preparations , the diatombase portal is now officially launched . . . .
last week - on may 30 and 31st – 8 thematic experts on talitridae came together for the first time during a lifewatch - worms sponsored workshop . the workshop took place at the hellenic centre for marine research in crete , where it was organized back - to - back with the 8th international sandy beaches symposium ( isbs ) . the group focused on identifying relevant traits for the talitridae , and adding this data through the amphipoda species database . . . .
on 23 april 2018 , a number of editors of the world register of introduced species ( wrims ) started a three day workshop in the flanders marine institute ( vliz ) . these three days were used to evaluate , complete and improve the content of this worms thematic register ( tsd ) . . . .
the 2nd worms early career researchers and 3rd worms achievement award were granted respectively to françois le coze and geoff read . congratulations ! . . .
in 2018 , to celebrate a decade of worms ' existence , it was decided to compile a list of our top marine species , both for 2017 and for the previous decade . . . .
the scleractinian corals are now accessible though their own list portal . this world list contains over 1 500 accepted names of extant species and is one of the most complete existing resources for scleractinian taxa . . .
fraussen , kantor & hadorn , 2007 . accessed through : world register of marine species at : urltoken ; = 456364 on 2018 - 07 - 09
panama horse conch - triplofusus princeps ( g . b . sowerby i , 1825 ) - classifications - encyclopedia of life
scientists aim to describe a single ' tree of life ' that reflects the evolutionary relationships of living things . however , evolutionary relationships are a matter of ongoing discovery , and there are different opinions about how living things should be grouped and named . eol reflects these differences by supporting several different scientific ' classifications ' . some species have been named more than once . such duplicates are listed under synonyms . eol also provides support for common names which may vary across regions as well as languages .
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dardanus gemmatus , the jeweled anemone hermit crab , is a species of hermit crab native to tropical reefs surrounding the indo-pacific , typically at depths of 2 – 100 metres ( 10 – 330 ft ) .

dardanus gemmatus

worms - world register of marine species - dardanus gemmatus ( h . milne edwards , 1848 )
to barcode of life ( 6 barcodes ) to biodiversity heritage library ( 5 publications ) to biodiversity heritage library ( 8 publications ) ( from synonym pagurus gemmatus h . milne edwards , 1848 ) to biological information system for marine life ( bismal ) ( from synonym pagurus gemmatus h . milne edwards , 1848 ) to biological information system for marine life ( bismal ) to encyclopedia of life to usnm invertebrate zoology arthropoda collection ( 16 records ) to itis
( of pagurus gemmatus h . milne edwards , 1848 ) mclaughlin , p . a . ; komai , t . ; lemaitre , r . ; listyo , r . ( 2010 ) . annotated checklist of anomuran decapod crustaceans of the world ( exclusive of the kiwaoidea and families chirostylidae and galatheidae of the galatheoidea . part i – lithodoidea , lomisoidea and paguroidea . the raffles bulletin of zoology . supplement no 23 , 5 - 107 . [ details ] available for editors [ request ]
lemaitre , r . ; mclaughlin , p . ( 2018 ) . world paguroidea & lomisoidea database .
reay , p . j . & j . haig ( 1990 ) . coastal hermit crabs ( decapoda : anomura ) from kenya , with a review and key to east african species . bulletin of marine science 46 ( 3 ) : 578 - 589 [ details ]
liu j . y . [ ruiyu ] ( ed . ) . ( 2008 ) . checklist of marine biota of china seas . china science press . 1267 pp . ( look up in imis ) [ details ] available for editors [ request ]
mclaughlin , p . a . ; komai , t . ; lemaitre , r . ; listyo , r . ( 2010 ) . annotated checklist of anomuran decapod crustaceans of the world ( exclusive of the kiwaoidea and families chirostylidae and galatheidae of the galatheoidea . part i – lithodoidea , lomisoidea and paguroidea . the raffles bulletin of zoology . supplement no 23 , 5 - 107 . [ details ] available for editors [ request ]
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to cite this page : myers , p . , r . espinosa , c . s . parr , t . jones , g . s . hammond , and t . a . dewey . 2018 . the animal diversity web ( online ) . accessed at https : / / animaldiversity . org .
disclaimer : the animal diversity web is an educational resource written largely by and for college students . adw doesn ' t cover all species in the world , nor does it include all the latest scientific information about organisms we describe . though we edit our accounts for accuracy , we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts . while adw staff and contributors provide references to books and websites that we believe are reputable , we cannot necessarily endorse the contents of references beyond our control .
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today we are going to talk about a marine creature that is seriously resourceful when it comes to real estate : the hermit crab ! you may already know that hermit crabs are well known swapping their shell homes for newer , bigger ones . like all crabs , the hermit crab possesses an exoskeleton that protects their body and maintains their form . however , hermit crabs take self - protection one step further by finding snail shells and coil their body inside , protecting their softer body parts from predators and environmental elements . when they grow too large for their shell home they will crawl out and find a new snail shell that fits perfectly . anemone hermit crabs go one step further to make their home safe .
jeweled anemone hermit crabs benefit by having extra protection due to the stinging anemone tentacles . the anemones also can be placed on top of cracks or weak spots in the hermit crab’s shell . plus , anemones make for amazing camouflage among the rocks and corals . in return the sea anemone gets scraps from the food that the hermit eats and gets to piggyback to areas that are productive in nutrients . anemones aren’t the only ones hitching a ride . the jeweled hermit crab will also carry flatworms and amphipods , unwittingly housing an entire traveling community on its back !
posted in zooplankton . tags : creature feature , garden eel cove , jeweled anemone hermit crab , kona airport , mutualistic , symbiosis . 1 comment »
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mclaughlin et al . 2005 . common and scientific names of aquatic invertebrates from the united states and canada : crustaceans . american fisheries society special publication 31
disclaimer : itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available , and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties . however , it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes . while every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and up - to - date information available , ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in provisions of treaties to which the united states is a party , wildlife statutes , regulations , and any applicable notices that have been published in the federal register . for further information on u . s . legal requirements with respect to protected taxa , please contact the u . s . fish and wildlife service .
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this average sized hermit is reasonably common when we are out diving during the day on the sand outside the reef at mae haad , koh phangan .
chaloklum diving , 25 / 29 - 30 moo 7 , chaloklum village , koh phangan , suratthani 84280 . thailand .
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neduba extincta , commonly known as the antioch dunes shieldback katydid , is an extinct species of katydid ( family tettigoniidae ) that was endemic to california , united states .

it was not discovered until after its extinction .

neduba extincta

rentz , d . c . f . 1977 . entomol . news 88 : 242 > > neduba extincta urn : lsid : orthoptera . speciesfile . org : taxonname : 3889
original scientific description : rentz , dave c . f . ( 1977 ) . a new and apparently extinct katydid from antioch sand dunes . entomological news 88 : 241 - 245 . species bibliography : world conservation monitoring centre . ( 1996 ) . neduba extincta . in : iucn 2011 . iucn red list of threatened species . version 2011 . 2 . ( urltoken ) . downloaded on 26 december 2011 .
telling which species is a bit more tricky , but location would narrow it down to probably two or three - n . carinata , n . diabolica , or perhaps n . extincta ; most likely the first . moved from id request .
as is the case with most invertebrate taxa , there is little information about individual species and population sizes of the orthoptera on which to precisely assess their conservation status . as of 2002 , the iucn red list included 74 species of the orthoptera . two of these species , the central valley grasshopper ( conozoa hyalina ) and antioch dunes shieldback ( neduba extincta ) , are listed as extinct , and the oahu deceptor bush cricket ( leptogryllus deceptor ) is listed as extinct in the wild . eight species are listed as critically endangered , eight as endangered , and 50 as vulnerable .
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type locality : northern america , southwestern u . s . a . , california
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only known from the holotype : cas 12 , 987 ( catalogue number as reported in the original description . may have changed accession number or institution since then ) . can be seen here : urltoken
you must first create a username and login before you can post a comment about this entry . .
a database of
missing
and recently extinct species of plants and animals .
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holotypic male , from orthoptera species file online ( naskrecki & otte 1997 + ) , downloaded 17 sep 2003 ; photographed by piotr naskrecki , used by permission .
- - natureserve explorer is a source for authoritative conservation information on more than 50 , 000 plants , animals and ecological communtities of the u . s and canada . natureserve explorer provides in - depth information on rare and endangered species , but includes common plants and animals too . natureserve explorer is a product of natureserve in collaboration with the natural heritage network .
itis reports - - itis ( the integrated taxonomic information system ) is a source for authoritative taxonomic information on plants , animals , fungi , and microbes of north america and the world .
fws digital media library - - the u . s . fish and wildlife service ' s national digital library is a searchable collection of selected images , historical artifacts , audio clips , publications , and video .
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the xerces blue butterfly , antioch katydid , tobias’ caddis - fly , roberts’s alloperlan stonefly , colorado burrowing mayfly , and rocky mountain grasshopper all were driven extinct by humans , and all foreshadow the fate of the world’s endangered insects . with almost 1 million described species , insects eclipse all other forms of animal life on earth , not only in sheer numbers , diversity , and biomass , but also in their importance to functioning ecosystems . however , human - induced changes to the natural environment endanger vast numbers of these organisms , threatening them and the vital services they provide with extinction .
a report by the world commission on environment and development noted , “there is a growing consensus that species are disappearing at rates never before witnessed on the planet” but that “we have no accurate figures on current rates of extinctions , as most of the species vanishing are the least documented , such as insects in tropical forests . ” scientists and conservationists agree that insect species are going extinct . but how many have been lost and how many more are at risk remains unclear .
although overcollecting has not been shown to harm healthy populations of insects , it may be an important threat to insect species with very small populations and is included in the list of threats to many of the federally protected insect species in the united states . the endangered species act expressly forbids the collection of endangered or threatened species , and most insect conservationists feel that collecting from small populations should be done only for well - designed , hypothesis - driven , scientific studies .
pesticides and other pollutants are implicated in the decline of many native bees and some aquatic insects , although the degree of impact is not conclusive . lights along streets and highways also have been implicated in losses of nocturnal insects , particularly large moths .
conservationists have concluded that the current , widespread destruction of the earth’s biodiversity must be matched by a conservation response an order of magnitude greater than currently exists .
before we can work to protect insects and other invertebrates we need to know , at least , what species are present , if populations are stable or declining , and the habitat needs of these populations . in the long run , more emphasis needs to be placed on invertebrate survey , systematics , taxonomy , and population ecology so that these species can be identified and cataloged and their life histories understood . research needs to go hand in hand with conservation , for a catalog of extinct species is of little use .
to conserve insects successfully , the general public , scientists , land managers , and conservationists need to understand the extraordinary value that these organisms provide . it is unlikely that all people will develop an affinity for these animals , but it is plausible that a more compelling depiction of the contributions insects make to human welfare and survival will improve the public’s attitude toward these organisms . an ambitious public education program would enhance recognition of the positive values of invertebrates and , indeed , all biological diversity .
the number of endangered insects is large and growing . the rate of destruction and degradation of natural habitats currently is so great that there are not nearly enough biologists to even catalog , much less study , the species that are suddenly on the edge of extinction . each day approximately 80 , 000 acres ( 32 , 300ha ) of the world’s forest are cut . in california alone , over 200 million pounds of pesticides are used each year . in the united states , imported red fire ants have infested over 320 million acres in the southeast . these examples of threats to endangered insects continue to mount across the world . the time is now for agencies , scientists , conservationists , and land managers to promote the conservation of imperiled insects .
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astraptes audax , a . augeas , a . fruticibus , a . inflatio , a . procrastinator , a . synecdoche brower 2010 ( skipper butterflies ) dna barcoding is a controversial method for distinguishing otherwise similar species solely on the basis of their dna . these names reflect aspects of dna barcoding for species recognition : augeas for the resultant labor implied by the barcoding ; fruticibus (
from the bushes
) refers to the fact that resulting species do not form distinct tree - like groups ; inflatio for the large number of resulting species ; procrastinator for the time elapsed between discovery and description ; synecdoche for a part standing for the whole ; audax means ' bold ' ; its relevance is left to the reader . the author of these names ( and four others ) , though skeptical of their biological reality , notes that the distinctions exist in the literature , and the names are given for
taxonomic housekeeping .
[ syst . biodivers . 8 : 485 ]
catch22 ( chromosome 22q11 . 2 microdeletion ) this name , from
cardiac anomaly , t - cell deficit , clefting and hypocalcaemia ,
was abandoned due to its no - win connotations . [ j . med . genet . 36 : 737 - 738 ( 1999 ) ; cited in nature 439 : 266 ( 2006 ) . ]
centropyge narcosis pyle & randall ( narc angelfish ) dr . richard pyle was diving deep while breathing air . this causes nitrogen narcosis , a state similar to alcohol intoxication or nitrous oxide inhalation . back at the dive boat , he was asked if he collected anything , and he said
no , nothing .
but when he looked into his collecting bucket , he noticed that he had indeed collected several specimens of this new species . since his narcosis level was so high that he did not remember collecting them , the fish was named c . narcosis .
chionoecetes oiliqo ( saatuaq crab ) in 1993 , greenland issued a 7 . 25 - krone stamp showing a picture of a crab and this scientific name . however , the crab ' s correct species name is c . opilio ; the stamp was printed with a mirror reversal of the specific epithet . a corrected stamp was printed soon after .
coelopleurus exquisitus coppard & schultz , 2006 ( sea urchin ) this species first came to notice after being listed for auction on ebay . marine biologist simon coppard was directed to the site , did not recognize the species , and investigated further . immediately after publication of the description [ zootaxa 7 ] , the value of specimens on ebay jumped from $ 8 to $ 138 .
edithinella doliarius janssen 2006 ( fossil gastropod ) arie janssen wanted to dedicate a new mollusc species to pisidium ( freshwater clam ) expert hans kuiper . not having a classical education , he relied on a dutch - latin dictionary to find a latin equivalent of
kuiper
(
cooper
in english ) , and named the species edithinella calumniator . to improve his english writing , he then sent the manuscript to a colleague , who commented ,
but why do you call him an intriguer ?
kuiper
has two meanings in dutch , and janssen had unwittingly chosen the latin term for the wrong one . fortunately , he discovered it before publication , and revised to the name to e . doliarius , which is the correct latin for the cooper profession . [ basteria , suppl . 3 , 45 - 48 . ]
furia infernalis l . ( worm ) linnaeus once received a painful bite on the arm by an unidentified creature . his arm swelled up , and he became seriously ill for some time . a few years later , linnaeus decided that the cause was a tiny worm described by his student daniel solander , and he named the worm furia infernalis , the fury from hell . he wrote that it fell from the air , penetrated the bodies of animals , and caused excruciating pain . incidents involving this worm were reported for nearly 100 years after that . but no one ever found a specimen . now it is generally agreed that the worm never existed , and that linnaeus had been bitten by a horsefly .
hippotragus niger rooseveltien ( roosevelt ' s sable antelope ; extremely rare , last legally shot in 1912 ) on the 21 april 1909 , teddy roosevelt ' s safari set off from mombasa , kenya . by the time the entourage arrived in khartoum 8 months later , they had slaughtered 5 , 013 mammals , 4 , 453 birds , 2 , 322 reptiles and amphibians and similar numbers of fish , invertebrates , shells , and plants . the skins , etc . were sent to the smithsonian ; among these were roosevelt ' s gazelle and roosevelt ' s sable .
hectocotylus some male cephalopods have a long coiled arm which carries a spermatophore and breaks off inside the female during copulation . when first discovered , it was thought that this arm was a type of parasitic worm , and it was described as such ( delle chiaje , 1825 ) , complete with drawings of the imagined internal anatomy . the author later admitted his mistake . this name continues to be used today for the modified reproductive arm of male cephalopods .
heikea japonica von siebold , 1824 ( crab ) the carapace of these crabs looks like the scowling face of a samurai warrior , and it is locally believed that the crabs are reincarnations of the spirits of the heike warriors who , defeated in battle , threw themselves into the sea , as told in the tale of the heike . some scientific folklore gives these crabs as an example of natural selection , as japanese fishermen supposedly released the crabs with the most human - looking faces , allowing them to pass their genes to the next generation . this story , however , is almost certainly urban legend . the crabs are too small to interest fishermen , and other crabs far from fisheries also have human - looking faces . the pattern on the crab is instead an example of pareidolia , the tendency for the human brain to see faces in many abstract patterns .
hildoceras hyatt , 1876 ( jurassic ammonoid ) according to legend , saint hilda was told to found an abbey on the plains of whitby , england , but she found the place infested with snakes . after her prayers , the snakes coiled up and turned to stones , becoming the ammonoid fossils , sometimes called snakestones , that are common to the area . victorian fossil dealers would often carve a snake ' s heads on the fossils .
homo floresiensis brown et al . , 2004 (
hobbit
fossil hominin ) the name submitted in the original paper was sundanthropus floresianus ,
man from sunda region from flores
. the referees , though , said it should be genus homo , and one of them said floresianus actually means
flowery anus
, so that had to change , too .
jumala friele , 1882 ( whelk ) friele proposed this name thinking it was the name of an old lapp deity . he discovered about ten years later that it was instead the lapp name for the christian god and proposed that ukko ( the finnish god of winds ) be substituted . jumala , however , had priority . joshua baily and myra keen , in 1955 , appealed to the iczn to suppress jumala , as the name is
calculated to give offense on religious grounds .
the commission suppressed it by 13 to 11 vote . [ ng , 1994 , raffles bull . zool . 42 : 511 . ]
laniarius liberatus ( bulo burti boubou ) this is the first bird whose type specimen is a dna sample . the bird was released to the wild after capture , hence the name . it turns out to be a very rare color morph of l . erlangeri .
leptocephalus
leptocephalus
is a term originally applied to a group of small , flattened , semitransparent fishes , often with small heads . they were classified as a distinct group , usually in the genus leptocephalus , until the mid - 19th century . then the idea took hold that leptocephali were larvae of something else . in 1864 , theodore gill suggested that they were larval eels , and specifically that leptocephalus morrisii was the young of conger conger , the conger eel . other leptocephali raised in an aquarium metamorphosed into eels ; leptocehalus brevirostris became anguilla anguilla , the freshwater eel .
limodorum boehm . ( orchid ) thought to derive from a transcription error . originally named haimodorum ( from haemos , blood ) for its red color , somebody forgot the bar in the greek letter α , leaving λ , lambda .
lycosa tarentula ( european wolf spider ) tarantism was a form of hysteria that appeared in italy in the 15th - 17th centuries and took the form of frenzied dancing . in folk belief , the bite of a spider could only be cured by such dancing . the name derives from the italian province taranto , as does the tarantella , a folk dance , and the tarantula , the common name given to the european wolf spider and later to the distantly related large , hairy spiders of the family theraphosidae .
lymantria dispar leopold trouvelto , looking for a better silkworm ( bombyx mori ) , looked for a close relative and imported bombyx dispar into the united states . but it turned out that the moths were not very closely related ; b . dispar is classified as lymantria dispar today .
lymantria
means
destroyer .
trouvelto ' s moths , commonly known as gypsy moths , escaped and have been causing untold damage to eastern forests ever since .
papaipema pterisii bird , 1907 ( moth ) the moth lives on bracken fern , in the genus pteris at the time , so people assumed bird named the moth after the fern . a personal letter he wrote later , though , revealed that it was named after pterisius , his pet cat .
phoenicophorium borsigianum koch 1855 ( thief palm ) . the original plant was stolen from london ' s kew gardens ( hence the common name ) and turned up in the private palm - house of amateur horticulturist august borsig of berlin . ( he owned an ironworks factory and used the heat produced to keep his glasshouses warm . ) david l . jones , in palms throughout the world ( 1995 ) confuses the story by calling borsig by the name
lantanier feuille borsig
; lantanier feuille is actually one of the palm ' s common names !
phragmipedium kovachii atwood , dalstrom , & fernandez , 2002 ( orchid ) named after james michael kovach , who brought the orchid to scientists to identify . but kovach allegedly imported it from peru in violation of the endangered species act . in 2004 he was sentenced to two years probation and a $ 1000 fine . taxonomists hope to change the orchid ' s name .
pithecanthropus perhaps the only name given to an animal before it was discovered . in the nineteenth century , it was believed that an upright stance evolved in humans before a large brain . with no physical evidence , german evolutionist ernst haeckel reconstructed an upright , speechless , small - brained ' missing - link ' and dubbed it pithecanthropus alalus . when eugene du bois discovered java man in the 1890 ' s , he adopted haeckel ' s generic name but he gave it the new specific designation pithecanthropus erectus . p . erectus is now included under our own genus as homo erectus .
plethodon welleri walker , 1931 ( weller ' s salamander ) in 1930 worth hamilton weller discovered the salamander which would be named after him , on grandfather mountain , north carolina . on a collecting trip to collect more specimens , just one week after he graduated with honors from high school , he left the others to collect on his own , and he never returned . his body was found four days later at the base of a cliff ; with it was a collecting bag with specimens of the new species .
rosa ' whitfield ' ( rose cultivar ) comedy actress june whitfield commented ,
there is a rose named after me . the catalogue describes it as ' superb for bedding , best up against a wall .
sturnella neglecta ( western meadowlark ) the specific epithet reflects the fact that the lewis and clark expedition overlooked this bird , confusing it with the eastern meadowlark .
tillandsia l . ( bromeliad ) elias tilliander was a student of linnaeus who was once so
harassed by neptune
on a trip across the gulf of bothnia that he returned home by land ( a journey of 2000 miles instead of 200 ) and changed his name to tillandz ,
by land .
the plant cannot tolerate a damp climate .
venus flytrap sea anemone ( actinoscyphia aurelia ) a sea animal whose common name comes from two different terrertrial plants .
zyzyxia ( h . robinson ) strother , 1991 ( shrub ) in the later stages of revising north american ecliptinae ( a subtribe of the sunflowers , heliantheae ) , john strother realized that one species placed in the genus wedelia differed enough to merit considering it a separate genus . by that time , however , the monograph had already been written and was being proofed for publication . the editor agreed to accept the new genus only if came after all the other genera , so as to minimize the number of pages which would need to be altered . the genera were ordered alphabetically , so strother created a name which would come after the previously last genus , zexmenia . ( in the monograph itself , strother says only that the name was arbitrarily formed . )
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weevils also known as snout beetles for their long “noses . ” the antioch weevil ( dysticheus rotundicollis ) is endemic to the antioch dunes , although it is unknown whether this species is still present today .
anthicid beetles these ant - like flower beetles devour anything they find , scavenging at night for insects and spiders , flower pollen , and soil fungi . the antioch dunes anthicid beetle ( anthicus antiochensis ) is rusty - colored except for a dark smudge on its wing casings , and is covered with shaggy hairs . it has been extirpated from the antioch dunes , but has been found in other california sand dunes .
tiger beetles many tiger beetles were once seen prowling the antioch dunes , including the wetsalts tiger beetle ( cicindela haemorrhagica ) , the oregon tiger beetle ( cicindela oregona ) , and senile tiger beetle ( cicindela senilis ) . these tiger beetles are not restricted to the antioch dunes , and can be recognized by their bulging eyes and metallic colors . in their larval form , tiger beetles anchor themselves with specialized hooks to tunnels in the sandy soil . when vibrations in the ground announce a passing insect , the larvae lunge from the tunnel and snag their prey with fierce - looking jaws .
dune beetle the san joaquin dune ( darkling ) beetle ( coelus gracilis ) – the smallest of california’s dune beetles – looks much like a plump , black ladybug with a stubble of golden hairs . most darkling beetles have black elytra , the hardened wing casings that protect the fragile forewings necessary for flight . dune beetles inhabit the sandy soils and leaf litter of california’s coastal dunes . the san joaquin dune beetle has been extirpated from the antioch dunes , but has been found in other california sand dunes .
scarab beetle scarab beetles like the delta june beetle ( polyphylla stellata ) can be found in dune systems , oak woodlands , and grasslands near creeks and streams . the delta june beetle is found elsewhere in california , and appears to have grown increasingly abundant at the antioch dunes .
robberflies california’s robberflies are the peregrine falcons of the insect world , known for tackling their insect prey in midair . robberflies eat wasps , bees , beetles , flies , quickly stabbing them with their needle - like proboscis . of the robberflies known from the antioch dunes , the widespread antioch efferian robberfly ( efferia antiochi ) and hurd’s metapogon robberfly ( metapogon hurdi ) are still thought to hunt the dunes . the antioch robber fly ( cophura hurdi ) is endemic to the antioch dunes , but presumed extinct .
giant flower - loving fly it is a rare occasion when an animal’s name tells as much about a species as with the giant flower - loving fly ( rhaphiomidas trochilus ) . otherwise known as a valley mydas fly , this large rust - colored fly that visits flowers for their nectar , hovering like a hummingbird . some rhaphiomidas flies are suspected of seeking out ant nests to deposit their eggs and provide a food source for their developing larvae . the giant flower - loving fly has been extirpated from the antioch dunes , but has been found in other california sand dunes .
plasterer bee plasterer bees are named for their habit of lining the cell walls of their underground nests with saliva and other materials to create a polyester lining . some plasterer bees are solitary nesters , others nest in groups . plasterer bees feed on the nectar of flowers and collect pollen , which they store in their nests for developing larvae . one unnamed plasterer bee ( colletes turgiventris ) is endemic to the antioch dunes , although it is unknown whether this species is still present today .
despite its name , the velvet ant is a wasp with an ant - like body covered in dense hair like crushed velvet . females are wingless and can deliver a painful sting . velvet ants eat nectar , and the females invade the nests of ground nesting wasps and bees to lay their eggs . their hairy bodies can vary in color from white - to - faint - buttery - yellow (
) , searches the soil for scarab or tiger beetle larvae on which they lay their eggs . the larger of these velvet ants ( dasymutilla sackenii and dasymutilla flammifera ) and the antioch mutillid wasp have been extirpated from the antioch dunes , but have been found elsewhere in california ; the smaller velvet ants ( dasymutilla coccineohirta ) are still present at the antioch dunes today .
potter wasp potter wasps are named for their habit of constructing mud nests that resemble pots or jugs . before the nest is complete , the female collects and paralyzes insects and deposits them in the chamber as food for her larva when they hatch . because the female wasp seals the opening of each nest with a thick plug of mud , the emerging wasp instead makes a hole through the thin wall of the nest chamber to escape . adult potter wasps are black marked with butter - yellow stripes . potter wasps are solitary and feed on nectar . the antioch potter wasp ( microdynerus arenicolus ) is found elsewhere in california and is still present at the antioch dunes today .
andrenid bees the yellow - banded andrenid bee ( perdita hirticeps luteocincta ) and the antioch andrenid bee ( perdita scitula antiochensis ) are ground nesters that show a preference for pollen . at the antioch dunes , for example , the antioch andrenid bee collects pollen from the antioch dunes buckwheat ( eriogonum nudum psychicola ) , california matchweed ( gutierrezia californica ) , telegraphweed ( heterotheca grandiflora ) , and valley lessingia ( lessingia glandulifera ) . while both of these andrenid bees are endemic to the antioch dunes , only the antioch andrenid bee survives today ; the yellow - banded andrenid bee is presumed extinct .
halictid bees because these small bees are often attracted to perspiration , halictid bees are also known as sweat bees . the antioch dunes halictid bee ( lasioglossum antiochense ) constructs burrows in the sand where it lives by day ; the tunnel shaft is plugged by a mound of sand to protect against predators . eggs are laid in cells off the main tunnel shaft . this bee’s activity matches the early morning / late evening bloom period of its primary hostplant , the antioch dunes evening primrose ( oenothera deltoides howellii ) , and other flowers like the contra costa wallflower ( erysimum capitatum angustatum ) . the antioch dunes halictid bee is an antioch dunes endemic that still flies today .
sphinx moth clark’s sphinx moth ( proserpinus clarkiae ) is a small moth with a wingspan of under two inches . this moth is active during the daytime , nectaring at the flowers of clarkias ( clarkia spp . ) , bluedicks ( dichelostemma capitatum ) , vetches ( vicia spp . ) , and thistles ( cirsium spp . ) in oak and pine - oak woodlands . caterpillars feed on clarkias and primroses ( onagraceae spp . ) until winter , when they retreat to burrows under rocks or other objects . adult coloration consists of striped green - to - grey forewings , and orange - yellow hindwings bordered in black . the clark’s sphinx moth is a common moth along the pacific coast , and can still be found at the antioch dunes .
ant lion also known as “doodlebugs , ” ant lions are perhaps best known for their behavior in the larval stage , in which the immature insects burrow backwards into sandy soils to lay in wait for passing insect prey , waiting for them to tumble into their sand traps and the ant lion’s formidable jaws . in their adult form , the dragonfly - like ant lions are otherwise weak night - time fliers in the pursuit of insects , pollen , or nectar . the unnamed ant lion ( brachynemurus infuscatus ) is common in california and still inhabits the antioch dunes today .
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of these , three species are extinct , the status of two are unknown , and three are thought or known to still survive at the dunes today . but it was the dwindling numbers of the eighth—lange’s metalmark butterfly—that helped bring the refuge into existence .
the lange’s metalmark butterfly was first listed as a federally endangered species in 1976 . that same year , the antioch dunes were designated as “critical habitat” for the species . in 1986 , service personnel and volunteers counted a total of 187 lange’s at their population’s annual peak . by 1999 , the peak population count hit 2 , 342 butterflies , the highest count recorded to date . but in 1999 , a trespasser’s campfire along the riverfront burned 10 acres of prime lange’s habitat in the stamm . in the wildfire’s wake , peak lange’s counts have steadily declined from 1 , 185 in 2000 to 521 in 2003 , 452 butterflies in the fall of 2004 , 232 butterflies in 2005 , 45 butterflies in 2006 , and an alarming 28 in 2010 .
the dune’s curiosities include the oft overlooked california legless lizard and california horned lizard ( familiarly , the “horned toad” ) , both of which bury themselves in the sandy soils . other amphibians and reptiles seen over the years include western toads , fence and side - blotched lizards , western yellow - bellied racers , gopher snakes , and northern pacific rattlesnakes . common inhabitants among the other taxa include belted kingfishers , northern harriers , a suite of waterfowl , beavers and muskrats along the water’s edge , and resident skunks , raccoons , ground squirrels , and gray and red foxes .
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orthoptera species and assemblages vary enormously in biology , abundance , population variability and geographic range . this means that some are major pests but others are threatened with extinction or are extinct through human agency . most pest species are in the acrididae , yet proportionately more threatened species are in the less speciose families . pest orthoptera species are unusual on islands , which nevertheless support several threatened non - acridid species . in contrast , continental species of acrididae and tettigoniidae are the ones principally threatened . many of the threatened orthoptera species are confined to a small geographical area and are highly threatened by anthropogenic impacts that coincide with their small ranges . yet some formerly widespread pest taxa have become extinct . genetic polymorphism to a solitary phase appears to be an extinction - avoidance mechanism . while classically threatened point endemics can receive conservation action , not much can be done for the periodically at risk abundant species . preservation of orthopteran biodiversity is a complex and paradoxical task .
orthoptera species and assemblages vary enormously in biology , abundance , population variability and geographic range .
on islands , which nevertheless support several threatened non - acridid species . in contrast , continental species of
e the ones principally threatened . many of the threatened orthoptera species are conﬁned to a small geographical
taxa have become extinct . genetic polymorphism to a solitary phase appears to be an extinction - a
biased , but it is a good start . first of all , there is the
but for others ( e . g . some of the wetas ) the primary
lecoq , m . ( 1995 ) forecasting systems for migrant pests . iii .
. , connell , c . e . and davenport , l . b . ( 1962 ) popula -
, m . d . and samways , m . j . ( 1996 ) faunal diversity and
, g . b . , mccomie , l . d . and launois - luong , m . h . ( 1994 )
( r . g . h . bunce , l . ryszkowski and m . g . paoletti ,
gangwere , m . c . muralirangan and m . muralirangan , eds ) ,
samways , m . j . and harz , k . ( 1982 ) biogeograph
( s . k . gangwere , m . c . muralirangan and m .
. m . , andersen , h . and loope , l . l . ( 1995 ) intro -
. a . drake and a . g . gatehouse , eds ) , pp .
. . . they are potentially useful ecological indicators ( bazelet & samways , 2011 ; fartmann et al . , 2012 ) . nonetheless , grasshoppers and relatives also have a
love - hate relationship
with humans ( lockwood , 1998 ; samways & lockwood , 1998 ) . locusts , which are migratory grasshoppers , have historically plagued agricultural civilizations and a few species are still considered pests in some countries . . . .
. . . si on arrive difficilement à mettre en place des mesures pour la protection de grandes espèces charismatiques comme le caribou , la situation est encore pire pour de plus humbles animaux , tels les insectes . globalement méconnus et souvent mal aimés ( lawton , 2001 ) , les insectes sont fréquemment perçus soit comme des espèces nuisibles ( samways et lockwood , 1998 ) , soit comme des espèces strictement utilitaires en matière de contrôle biologique ( lawton , 2001 ) . une majorité d ' insectes , à l ' exception notable des lépidoptères , ne peuvent pas compter sur la « cote d ' amour » dont bénéficient d ' autres classes animales comme les mammifères ou les oiseaux ( leboeuf , 2002 ) . . . .
. . . m . k . t . found numerous incidences of different orthopteran species visiting flowers ( at least four species visiting whiteweed flowers ) . it is probable that flower - visiting orthopterans are more common than previously thought especially as orthopterans are among the most abundant terrestrial insects ( samways & lockwood , 1998 ; bazelet & samways , 2011 ) . the katydid , p . brevis , belongs to the subfamily of flower - visiting katydids , phaneropterinae . . . .
. . . swarm of locusta migratoria causes huge losses throughout the world ( vickery and kevan , 1983 ) . species of genus gastrimargus and oedaleus are considered as major pest of agriculture ( samways and lockwood , 1998 causing damage to green grass in range lands where the farmers use the grasses as hay during winter season for cattle feeding . similarly , in azad jammu and kashmir hieroglyphus species out breaks were frequently found in last ten years in the areas situated below 5000ft from sea level causing considerable damage to maize , millet and rice crops ( personal observation ) . the crop loss done for such out breaks have not been yet documented but significant material resources have been applied by farmers for control strategies . . . .
. . . compared with the quite detailed conservation data available for some central european countries like germany ( maas et al . 2002 ) , we have still rather restricted data from the mediterranean area . even if we become aware of mediterranean orthopteran species with high conservation needs ( e . g . kati et al . 2006kati et al . , 2012schultner et al . 2012 ) , orthoptera in general are more known for their potential as pests , threats to farmland , and for posing a conflict between pest management programs and conservation ( lockwood 1997 ; samways and lockwood 1998 ) . consequently , the majority of orthopteran data from greece , including descriptions of new species , are a result of private research initiatives from central european specialists ( see summary in willemse and willemse 2008 ) . . . .
. . . however , almost all species exhibit specific soil - based habitat associations , with the majority occurring in calcareous soils developed from karst limestone bedrock . as local - scale mosaics of soil types are a ubiquitous feature in karst regions of china , most species are ' point endemics ' ( samways & lockwood 1998 ) found only in single or microareal location . many species pairs can successfully interbreed through artificial experiments ( wen 2008 ) , suggesting that primulina is probably a genus under recent or ongoing speciation and differentiation . . . .
. . . even if we become aware of mediterranean orthopteran species with high conservation needs ( e . g . kati et al . 2006 kati et al . , 2012 schultner et al . 2012 ) , orthoptera in general are more known for their potential as pests , threats to farmland , and for posing a conflict between pest management programs and conservation ( lockwood 1997 ; samways and lockwood 1998 ) . consequently , the majority of orthopteran data from greece , including descriptions of new species , are a result of private research initiatives from central european specialists ( see summary in willemse and willemse 2008 ) . . . .
. . . the genus occurs in a wide latitudinal range ( 18°n - 31°n ) and is adapted to remarkably diverse habitats and niches from steep cliffs and cave entrances to lowland sandstone . however , most species are ' point endemics ' ( samways & lockwood , 1998 ) found only in a single or microareal location . nutrient constraints in calcareous soils , particularly for nitrogen ( n ) and phosphorus ( p ) , nutrients that are essential for the synthesis of nucleic acids , might have selectively favored smaller genome sizes ( hessen et al . , 2010 ) . . . .
. . . o conhecimento da ortopterofauna da américa do sul está muito aquém do que se tem relatado , especialmente em relação a alguns grupos como , por exemplo , aos grylloidea e tettigonioidea . ainda , da maioria das espécies descritas não se conhecem as necessidades ecológicas , as características comportamentais ou a dinâmica populacional ( samways & lockwood 1998 ) . relativamente poucas espécies vivem em regiões temperadas . . . .
. . . a ocorrência de apenas quatro gêneros interferiu no valor da diversidade no local . a ausência dos gêneros pteronemobius , odontogryllus e anurogryllus pode indicar que estes gêneros possuem mais sensibilidade a locais degradados , apesar da literatura afirmar que anurogryllus é uma espécie de locais mais abertos ( samways & lockwood 1998 ) . . . .
investigating biodiversity patterns of arthropods and fungi and their response to changing natural and agricultural environments . at present most of this research focuses on afromontane forest tree…
[ more ]
the mondi ecological network programme ( menp ) is a research group in the department of conservation ecology and entomology at stellenbosch university , south africa . its aim is to undertake sound sc…
[ more ]
there are at least 70 species of mole crickets ( orthoptera : gryllotalpidae ) . some are rare , others are innocuous , and a few are important pests . these soil - dwelling pests damage underground parts of a long list of cultivated plants . although tillage and flooding are used successfully in some situations to bring these pests to the soil surface and expose them to vertebrate and other predators , . . . [ show full abstract ]
habitats and habits of platycleis spp . ( orthoptera , tettigoniidae ) in southern france
five species of tettigoniid of the decticine genus , platycleis ( sensu stricto ) , are found in the environs of montpellier , hérault , s . france . p . intermedia , p . sabulosa and p . albopunctata are essentially early - evening singers . there is a nycthemeral cycle of vertical migration in these three species—they sing from a greater height than that at which they rest during the daytime . p . affinis . . . [ show full abstract ]
interspecific song interactions between heterospecific pairs of male bush crickets in southern france were tape - recorded , probably the first time that song modifications have been recorded under natural conditions . platycleis intermedia ( serv . ) , the principal insect under study , showed types of song modification that were the same in the field as in the laboratory . within each type , the . . . [ show full abstract ]
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cardiaspina fiscella , the brown basket lerp or brown lace lerp , is a jumping plant louse species in the genus cardiaspina originally found in australia .

it spread to new zealand where it was found in 1996 near the auckland airport .

it feeds on eucalyptus , especially swamp mahogany , and is found in victoria , eastern new south wales , and southeastern queensland , as well as the capital territory ( act ) around canberra and on norfolk island .

cardiaspina fiscella has five nymphal instars , and as the instars moult they add a layer to their outside covering ( casing ) , known as the " lerp " .

cardiaspina fiscella

cardiaspina fiscella spreads from forest health news 64 , june 1997 . port environs inspections in auckland have shown the rapid spread of cardiaspina fiscella since first reported in auckland in may 1996 . severe infestations are noted…
possible control for cardiaspina fiscella from forest health news 62 , april 1997 . another major event during my visit to australia was the identification of a possible biological control for cardiaspina fiscella , ( the recently introduced lerp making…
brown lace lerp cardiaspina fiscella recorded in new zealand from forest health news 53 , june 1996 . the brown lace lerp , cardiaspina fiscella , was collected from eucalyptus botryoides close to auckland airport on 14 . 5 . 96 and later in papatoetoe in south…
cardiaspina fiscella ( a - adult , b - larva , c - lerp , d , e - damage on . . . | download scientific diagram
parasitoid on cardiaspina fiscella from forest health news no . 95 , april 2000 . the health of eucalyptus saligna and eucalyptus botryoides trees in the northern half of the north island can be expected to improve as…
fig . 3 . cardiaspina fiscella ( a - adult , b - larva , c - lerp , d , e - damage on leaves ) ; eucalyptolyma maideni ( f - adult , g - lerp on leaf ) .
cardiaspina resistant eucalypts from forest health news 87 , july 1999 . eucalypts form a distinctive part of our landscape , so it ' s always sad to see stag - headed or dying trees . dead ones are good for…
v . 113 = no . 493 - 496 ( 1991 ) - proceedings of the linnean society of new south wales . - biodiversity heritage library
list of contributors v . 1 - v . 10 ( 1 . . .
the lichens of norfolk island . 2 : the genera cladonia , pertusaria , pseudocyphellaria and ramalina
fossil flowers of ceratopetalum sm . ( family cunoniaceae ) from the tertiary of eastern australia
notes and discussion . occurrence of a neosilurid catfish ( neosilurus sp . ) in the paroo river , murray - darling basin
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eucalypt psyllids in california from forest health news 113 , november 2001 . like their counterparts in new zealand , eucalypt growers in california continue to experience problems with recurring introductions of australian eucalyptus psyllids . the blue gum psyllid , ctenarytaina…
brown lace lerp hyperparasitoid found in new zealand from biosecurity new zealand issue 68 , june 2006 . a parasitic microwasp associated with brown lace lerp , a pest of some eucalypts , has been newly recorded from new zealand . the new…
protecting our eucalyptus trees wednesday , june 20 , 2018 scion are undertaking community pre - consultation on a proposed biological control of the eucalyptus tortoise beetle . eucalyptus plantations are a recognisable part of new zealand’s diversified forestry industry . they provide pulp and…
forest industry reputation damaged by mobilisation of forest harvest residues sunday , may 27 , 2018 the successful prosecution of a forest management company by the marlborough district council has been endorsed by the forest owners association . merrill and ring has been fined $ 39 , 000 and ordered…
biosecurity levy proposal tuesday , may 15 , 2018 as it affects plantation forest owners . consultation document : the new zealand forest owners association ( foa ) and the nz farm forestry association ( ffa ) acting on behalf of new zealand plantation forest…
forest industry backing judgment against forest companies monday , april 23 , 2018 forest industry associations are supporting penalties imposed in the district court against bay of plenty forest owner whitikau holdings and two harvesting contractors . the companies pleaded guilty to charges laid…
new free online forest productivity calculator for small growers sunday , march 25 , 2018 a new online calculator for radiata pine and douglas - fir productivity is now available , free of charge . the forecaster calculator was built for owners and advisors of small forests , who…
consultation starts on fumigant for forest industry to replace methyl bromide tuesday , february 27 , 2018 a significant milestone has been reached in replacing methyl bromide as the standard fumigant for export logs and timber . the environmental protection authority has just released application details for approval…
billion tree planting timetable gives industry confidence wednesday , february 21 , 2018 forest owners say the announcement of the timetable for the government’s billion tree ten year project will give confidence that the massive afforestation is a serious proposition . the forestry minister…
cutting rights proposal jeopardising government’s billion tree and climate change mitigation goals saturday , february 03 , 2018 the forest owners association is against the proposal the overseas investment office should approve or decline sales of forest cutting rights . the foa says it would jeopardise the government’s ambitions…
jim anderton’s legacy contribution to forest industry sunday , january 07 , 2018 the forest owners association is paying tribute to jim anderton for his contribution to the forest industry . president peter clark says jim anderton had a keen eye for the significance…
government recognises forestland and farmland different cases for overseas investment wednesday , november 29 , 2017 the forest owners association says the government would be jeopardising its billion - tree target if it hadn’t separated forest and farmland in its ministerial directive to the overseas investment office . the…
farm foresters says foresters should check all selling options for best returns monday , november 27 , 2017 new zealand farm forestry association president neil cullen recommends small - scale forest owners check what offers might be available from local timber processors when they go to sell their woodlots . nzffa , …
scion is the leading provider of forest - related knowledge in new zealand formerly known as the forest research institute , scion has been a leader in research relating to forest health for over 50 years . the rotorua - based crown research institute continues to provide science that will protect all forests from damage caused by insect pests , pathogens and weeds . the information presented below arises from these research activities .
close to auckland airport on 14 . 5 . 96 and later in papatoetoe in south auckland . in australia it has been recorded on
eucalyptus botryoides , e . robusta , e . saligna , e . grandis , e . tereticomis
in south - east queensland . adults of this australian psyllid species are 3 . 4 mm in length , from head to wing tip . they possess a short robust body with head at right angles to plane of body . antennae are about equal to width of the head . legs are stout with 2 very small claws . general colour is light brown ; head straw coloured ; thorax with several medium brown patches ; abdomen brownish black , with yellow or red caudal margin on each segment ; forewings transparent ; veins uniformly light brown . the nymphs produce attractive lattice - like , shell shaped lerps , found on the underside of leaves . dimensions c . 4 . 1 mm from hinge to apex , c . 5 . 4 mm across . general colour is light brown , darker near hinge with a darker band where the ribs begin to fan out ; and is moderately convex . nymphs can move freely underneath the lerp and can sometimes be seen moving on the undersides of leaves outside of the lerp .
a survey to delimit the extent of the infestation is underway . ( geoff ridley , editor )
this information is intended for general interest only . it is not intended to be a substitute for specific specialist advice on any matter and should not be relied on for that purpose . scion will not be liable for any direct , indirect , incidental , special , consequential or exemplary damages , loss of profits , or any other intangible losses that result from using the information provided on this site . ( scion is the trading name of the new zealand forest research institute limited . )
. last month ( fhnews 94 : 1 ) we reported the discovery of this parasitoid , identified for forest research by dr jo berry ( hymenopterist at nzac , landcare research , auckland ) , in the northland and auckland bioregions . parasitised nymphs have now been located between whangarei in the north and waihi ( coromandel bioregion ) in the south . further collections of
by entomologists funded by the new zealand farm forestry association . the project reached the stage of applying to the environmental risk management authority for permission to import into containment at mt albert research centre , auckland . in may 1999 , erma granted this permission as long as strict controls , designed to minimise the likelihood of accidental release from the secure containment facility , were followed . however it was never imported and instead has become another accidental introduction . at this stage the risk posed by
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to cite this page : myers , p . , r . espinosa , c . s . parr , t . jones , g . s . hammond , and t . a . dewey . 2018 . the animal diversity web ( online ) . accessed at https : / / animaldiversity . org .
disclaimer : the animal diversity web is an educational resource written largely by and for college students . adw doesn ' t cover all species in the world , nor does it include all the latest scientific information about organisms we describe . though we edit our accounts for accuracy , we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts . while adw staff and contributors provide references to books and websites that we believe are reputable , we cannot necessarily endorse the contents of references beyond our control .
this material is based upon work supported by the national science foundation grants drl 0089283 , drl 0628151 , due 0633095 , drl 0918590 , and due 1122742 . additional support has come from the marisla foundation , um college of literature , science , and the arts , museum of zoology , and information and technology services .