vokesimurex elenensis , common name the ( santa ) elena murex , is a species of sea snail , a marine gastropod mollusk in the family muricidae , the murex snails or rock snails .

vokesimurex elenensis

vokesimurex elenensis ( dall , 1909 ) . retrieved through : world register of marine species on 25 april 2010 .
murex plicatus g . b . sowerby ii , 1834 ( invalid : junior homonym of murex plicatus gmelin , 1791 ; m . elenensis is a replacement name )
houart ( 1999 ) transferred 14 indo - pacific species and three subspecies of haustellum in the genus vokesimurex .
species haustellum sobrinus ( a . adams , 1863 ) accepted as vokesimurex sobrinus ( a . adams , 1863 )
haustellum sobrinus ( a . adams , 1863 ) : synonym of vokesimurex sobrinus ( a . adams , 1863 )
species haustellum bellegladeensis ( e . h . vokes , 1963 ) accepted as vokesimurex bellegladeensis ( e . h . vokes , 1963 )
species haustellum malabaricum ( e . a . smith , 1894 ) accepted as vokesimurex malabaricus ( e . a . smith , 1894 )
species haustellum rubidum ( f . c . baker , 1897 ) accepted as vokesimurex rubidus ( f . c . baker , 1897 )
haustellum malabaricum ( e . a . smith , 1894 ) : synonym of vokesimurex malabaricus ( e . a . smith , 1894 )
species haustellum dentifer ( r . b . watson , 1883 ) accepted as vokesimurex dentifer dentifer ( r . b . watson , 1883 )
species haustellum gallinago ( g . b . sowerby iii , 1903 ) accepted as vokesimurex gallinago ( g . b . sowerby iii , 1903 )
species haustellum mindanaoensis ( g . b . sowerby ii , 1841 ) accepted as vokesimurex mindanaoensis ( g . b . sowerby ii , 1841 )
species haustellum multiplicatus ( g . b . sowerby iii , 1895 ) accepted as vokesimurex multiplicatus ( g . b . sowerby iii , 1895 )
species haustellum rectirostris ( g . b . sowerby ii , 1841 ) accepted as vokesimurex rectirostris ( g . b . sowerby ii , 1841 )
petuch ( 1994 ) introduced vokesimurex for the american long - canalled haustellum sensu vokes ( 1990 ) , such as murex messorius sowerby , 1841 .
haustellum gallinago ( g . b . sowerby iii , 1903 ) : synonym of vokesimurex gallinago ( g . b . sowerby iii , 1903 )
haustellum mindanaoensis ( g . b . sowerby ii , 1841 ) : synonym of vokesimurex mindanaoensis ( g . b . sowerby ii , 1841 )
houart r . ( 2014 ) . living muricidae of the world . muricinae . murex , promurex , haustellum , bolinus , vokesimurex and siratus . harxheim : conchbooks . 197 pp .
houart r . ( 2014 ) . living muricidae of the world . muricinae . murex , promurex , haustellum , bolinus , vokesimurex and siratus . harxheim : conchbooks . 197 pp . [ details ]
( of brontes montfort , 1810 ) houart r . ( 2014 ) . living muricidae of the world . muricinae . murex , promurex , haustellum , bolinus , vokesimurex and siratus . harxheim : conchbooks . 197 pp . [ details ]
( of brontesia reichenbach , 1828 ) houart r . ( 2014 ) . living muricidae of the world . muricinae . murex , promurex , haustellum , bolinus , vokesimurex and siratus . harxheim : conchbooks . 197 pp . [ details ]
( of haustellaria swainson , 1833 ) houart r . ( 2014 ) . living muricidae of the world . muricinae . murex , promurex , haustellum , bolinus , vokesimurex and siratus . harxheim : conchbooks . 197 pp . [ details ]
( of murex plicatus g . b . sowerby ii , 1834 ) houart r . ( 2014 ) . living muricidae of the world . muricinae . murex , promurex , haustellum , bolinus , vokesimurex and siratus . harxheim : conchbooks . 197 pp . [ details ]
as currently defined , haustellum is represented by eight to nine species . members of haustellum generally differ from those of vokesimurex in having a globose and low - spired shape , a more rounded aperture , a smooth columella , a less deep anal notch , and no cord spine .
houart , r . ( 1999 ) . review of the indo - pacific species of haustellum schumacher , 1817 and comments on vokesimurex petuch , 1994 ( gastropoda : muricidae ) with the description of h . bondarevi n . sp . apex 14 ( 3 - 8 ) : 81 - 107 .
merle d . , garrigues b . & pointier j . - p . ( 2011 ) fossil and recent muricidae of the world . part muricinae . hackenheim : conchbooks . 648 pp . [ details ]
( of murex plicatus g . b . sowerby ii , 1834 ) petit , r . e . ( 2009 ) . george brettingham sowerby , i , ii & iii : their conchological publications and molluscan taxa . zootaxa . 2189 : 1–218 . , available online at urltoken [ details ] available for editors [ request ]
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murex plicatus sowerby , g . b . ii , 1834 : c america ( renamed )
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schumacher c . f . ( 1817 ) . essai d ' un nouveau système des habitations des vers testacés . schultz , copenghagen . iv + 288 pp . , 22 pls . , available online at urltoken page ( s ) : 64 , 213 [ details ]
merle d . , garrigues b . & pointier j . - p . ( 2011 ) fossil and recent muricidae of the world . part muricinae . hackenheim : conchbooks . 648 pp . page ( s ) : 63 [ details ]
ponder w . f . & vokes e . h . ( 1988 ) a revision of the indo - west pacific fossil and recent species of murex s . s . and haustellum ( mollusca : gastropoda : muricidae ) . records of the australian museum suppl . 8 : 1 - 160 . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
like many other genera within the muricidae , the genus has been redefined several times .
ponder & vokes ( 1988 ) and vokes ( 1990 ) included american and indo - pacific species in haustellum , which differs from murex sensu stricto by lacking a labral spine .
there is no record of extinct species in the geological register . the oldest member is the type species haustellum haustellum from the indo - pacific province . it is recorded from the miocene of borneo ( beets , 1941 ) , the pliocene of java , indonesia and the plio - pleistocene of the malaysian archipelago .
houart , r . ; gofas , s . ( 2009 ) . bolinus brandaris ( linnaeus , 1758 ) . in : bouchet , p . ; gofas , s . ; rosenberg , g . world marine mollusca database . accessed through the world register of marine species at urltoken on 2010 - 08 - 31
schumacher c . f . ( 1817 ) . essai d ' un nouveau système des habitations des vers testacés . schultz , copenghagen pp . [ iv + 288 + 22 pl . ]
beets , c . ( 1941 ) . eine jungmiocäne mollusken fauna von der halbinsel mangkalihat , ost borneo . verhandelingen geologisch - mijnbouwkunig genootshap nederland en kolonien . geologisch serie 13 ( 1 ) : 1 - 218 .
merle , d . , garrigues , b . & pointier , j . - p . ( 2011 ) . fossil and recent muricidae of the world , part muricinae . 648 pp . , 182 colour plates , hackenheim . isbn 978 - 3 - 939767 - 32 - 9 .
petuch , e . j . ( 1994 ) . atlas of florida fossil shells . 394 pp . chicago .
ponder , w . f . & vokes , e . h . ( 1988 ) . a revision of the indo - west pacific fossil and recent species of murex s . s . and haustellum ( mollusca : gastropoda : muricidae ) . records of the australian museum , suppl . 8 : 1 - 160 .
vokes , e . h . ( 1990 ) : cenozoic muricidae of the western atlantic region , part viii - murex s . s . , haustellum , chicoreus , hexaplex ; additions and corrections . tulane studies in geology and paleontology 23 ( 1 - 3 ) : 1 - 96 .
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see the world ( and its fossils ) with ucmp ' s field notes .
gastropods are one of the most diverse groups of animals , both in form , habit , and habitat . they are by far the largest group of molluscs , with more than 62 , 000 described living species , and they comprise about 80 % of living molluscs . estimates of total extant species range from 40 , 000 to over 100 , 000 , but there may be as many as 150 , 000 species ! there are about about 13 , 000 named genera for both recent and fossil gastropods . they have a long and rich fossil record from the early cambrian that shows periodic extinctions of subclades , followed by diversification of new groups .
gastropods have figured prominently in paleobiological and biological studies , and have served as study organisms in numerous evolutionary , biomechanical , ecological , physiological , and behavioral investigations .
they are extremely diverse in size , body and shell morphology , and habits and occupy the widest range of ecological niches of all molluscs , being the only group to have invaded the land .
gastropods live in every conceivable habitat on earth . they occupy all marine habitats ranging from the deepest ocean basins to the supralittoral , as well as freshwater habitats , and other inland aquatic habitats including salt lakes . they are also the only terrestrial molluscs , being found in virtually all habitats ranging from high mountains to deserts and rainforest , and from the tropics to high latitudes .
gastropod feeding habits are extremely varied , although most species make use of a radula in some aspect of their feeding behavior . they include grazers , browsers , suspension feeders , scavengers , detritivores , and carnivores . carnivory in some taxa may simply involve grazing on colonial animals , while others engage in hunting their prey . some gastropod carnivores drill holes in their shelled prey , this method of entry having been acquired independently in several groups , as is also the case with carnivory itself . some gastropods feed suctorially and have lost the radula .
most gastropods have separate sexes but some groups ( mainly the heterobranchia ) are hermaphroditic . most hermaphroditic forms do not normally engage in self - fertilization . basal gastropods release their gametes into the water column where they undergo development ; derived gastropods use a penis to copulate or exchange spermatophores and produce eggs surrounded by protective capsules or jelly ( see busycon spiratus photo below ) .
the first gastropod larval stage is typically a trochophore that transforms into a veliger and then settles and undergoes metamorphosis to form a juvenile snail . while many marine species undergo larval development , there are also numerous marine taxa that have direct development , this mode being the norm in freshwater and terrestrial taxa . brooding of developing embryos is widely distributed throughout the gastropods , as are sporadic occurrences of hermaphrodism in the non - heterobranch taxa .
the basal groups have non - feeding larvae while veligers of many neritopsines , caenogastropods , and heterobranchs are planktotrophic . egg size is reflected in the initial size of the juvenile shell or protoconch and this feature has been useful in distinguishing feeding and non - feeding taxa in both recent and fossil taxa .
gastropods are characterized by the possession of a single ( often coiled ) shell , although this is lost in some slug groups , and a body that has undergone torsion so that the pallial cavity faces forwards . they have a well - developed head bearing a pair of cephalic tentacles and eyes that are primitively situated near the outer bases of the tentacles . in some taxa the eyes are located on short to long eye stalks . the mantle edge in some taxa is extended anteriorly to form an inhalant siphon and this is sometimes associated with an elongation of the shell opening ( aperture )  this is shown in the photo of the caenogastropod
the shell is typically coiled , usually dextrally , the axis of coiling being around a central columella to which a large retractor muscle is attached . the uppermost part of the shell is formed from the larval shell ( the protoconch ) . the shell is partly or entirely lost in the juveniles or adults of some groups , with total loss occurring in several groups of land slugs and sea slugs ( nudibranchs ) .
from left , a whelk , busycon spiratus , almost entirely out of its shell  the yellowish disc is the operculum ; another busycon spiratus individual , entirely withdrawn inside its shell , with the operculum sealing off the aperture ; egg capsules being deposited on the sand by busycon spiratus ; a larval harp shell , morum oniscus , begins building its shell ( protoconch ) .
externally , gastropods appear to be bilaterally symmetrical . however , they are one of the most successful clades of asymmetric organisms known . the ancestral state of this group is clearly bilateral symmetry ( e . g . , chitons , cephalopods , bivalves ) , but gastropod molluscs twist their organ systems into figure - eights , differentially develop or lose organs on either side of their midline , and generate shells that coil to the right or left . the best documented source of gastropod asymmetry is the developmental process known as torsion .
there is still controversy about the phylogenetic position of some gastropod clades . though the clades discussed below are well supported in many modern analyses , their relationships to each other remain somewhat unclear .
in particular , the neritopsina are placed below the vetigastropoda in some analyses ( thus they become the sister group of vetigastropoda + caenogastropoda + heterobranchia ) . also , the enigmatic taxon cocculinidae is still uncertain . it may actually be a member of the neritopsina clade , as some characters indicate . most likely it is the sister clade to neritopsina , though .
neritopsina neritopsina contains several families which have marine , freshwater , and terrestrial members . the largest family , neritidae , includes many marine , brackish , and freshwater lineages . this family alone has probably invaded freshwater habitats at least six times ( holthuis 1995 ) . the two terrestrial families , helicinidae and hydrocenidae , can be found as far back as the devonian .
neritopsines come in all shapes and sizes and can have coiled to limpet - shaped shells , with one species ( titiscania ) being a slug . this group was previously included within the
archaeogastropoda .
the shell is never nacreous and an operculum is present in adults . the radula has many teeth in each row .
vetigastropoda the vetigastropoda is a diverse group that includes the keyhole and slit - limpets ( fissurellidae ) , abalones ( haliotiidae ) , slit shells ( pleurotomariidae ) , the top shells ( trochids ) , and about 10 other families .
all are marine , and have coiled to limpet - shaped shells . this group was also previously included within the
archaeogastropoda .
the shell is nacreous in many of these taxa and an operculum is usually present . the radula has many teeth in each row .
assorted vetigastropods : from left , abalone ; puncturella longifissa , a keyhole limpet  note the hole or
keyhole
just above the apex of the shell through which water is expelled ; margarites marginatus , a trochid ; and the radula of the vetigastropod snail sinezona rimuloides , greatly magnified .
caenogastropods were previously comprised of the
mesogastropoda
and
neogastropoda
within the
prosobranchia .
of these two groups only the neogastropoda remains as a monophyletic group . the shell is never nacreous and an operculum is present in adults . apart from members of the neogastropoda , the radula usually has only seven teeth in each row . the radula of neogastropods has five to one tooth in each row and is absent in some species .
heterobranchia heterobranchia is a very large group that has only recently been recognized as a clade within gastropoda . several marine and one freshwater group ( valvatidae ) that were previously included in the
mesogastropoda
and two very large groups previously given subclass status , the opisthobranchia and pulmonata ( collectively the euthyneura ) , were found to be related lineages in a recent phylogenetic analysis . the more basal members comprise about a dozen families that are mostly small - sized , poorly - known operculate groups .
the opisthobranchs comprise about 25 families and 2000 species of the bubble shells ( many families ) and the sea slugs ( many families ) as well as the sea hares ( aplysiidae ) . virtually all opisthobranchs are marine with the majority showing shell reduction or shell loss and only some of the
primitive
shell - bearing taxa having an operculum as adults .
assorted heterobranchs : clockwise from top left , the bubble shell hydatina physis from the canary islands ; the clown nudibranch , triopha catalinae , from off the santa barbara coast ; the ragged sea hare , bursatella leachii , from off the florida coast ; the siphonariid physella heterostropha from northeastern florida ; euglandina rosea , a carnivorous terrestrial spiraxid pulmonate from florida ; the florida leatherleaf , leidyula floridana , a veronicellid from florida , about 8 cm long ; and the pond snail lymnaea stagnalis .
the file limpet , lottia limulata ( left ) , and a group of colisella ( lottia ? ) sp . limpets , from the intertidal off california .
a visit to almost any rocky intertidal habitat in the world will reveal these wonderful , cap - shaped gastropods , the true limpets . tenaciously clinging to the rocks with their hard shells to protect them , they have many different behaviors in their environments associated with their feeding strategies . but the true limpets are not restricted to the intertidal , they can be found beneath the waves , in the deep sea associated with hydrothermal vent habitats , and there are even some species which live exclusively on drift - wood that has sunk to the bottom of the ocean .
all are marine and limpet - shaped and many live in the intertidal zone . this group was previously included within the
archaeogastropoda .
the shell is nacreous in some taxa and the operculum is absent in adults . their radula has several teeth in each row , some of which are strengthened by the incorporation of metallic ions such as iron .
cocculinidae cocculinids are a group of simple white limpets that occur on waterlogged wood and other organic substrates in the deep sea .
the relationships of cocculinidae are unclear . several recent phylogenetic analyses place them as closely related to the neritopsina , or as the sister group to the clade that includes caenogastropoda and neritopsina . some authors believe , however , that they are members of the neritopsina . further systematic research is needed to clarify the relationships of this enigmatic group .
holthuis , b . v . 1995 . evolution between marine and freshwater habitats : a case study of the gastropod suborder neritopsina . ph . d . thesis , university of washington .
original text by paul bunje , ucmp . partula taeniata by carole hickman , ucmp ; abalone and colisella ( lottia ? ) sp . by sherry ballard , © 1999 california academy of sciences ; sinezona rimuloides radula © 2004 dr . daniel l . geiger ; ; triopha catalinae © 2002 larry jon friesen ; lottia limulata by e . eugenia patten , © california academy of sciences . all other photos courtesy of urltoken , with pteropurpura trialata by roger clark , nerita fulgurans by marlo krisberg , and bursatella leachii by joel wooster .


cillenus is a genus of beetles in the family carabidae , containing the following species : cillenus albertisi ( putzeys , 1875 ) cillenus formosanus dupuis , 1912 cillenus sauteri ( jedlicka , 1958 ) cillenus sinicus andrewes , 1938 cillenus lateralis samouelle , 1819 cillenus adelaideae lindroth , 1980 cillenus aestuarii ( habu & ueno , 1954 ) cillenus albovirens ( sloane , 1903 ) cillenus angustatum baehr , 1995 cillenus foochowense lindroth , 1980 cillenus kasaharai habu , 1978 cillenus mastersi sloane , 1895 cillenus sumaoi ( morita , 1981 ) cillenus yakushimanum sasakawa , 2007

cillenus

( of cillenus laterale ( samouelle ) ) hayward , p . j . ; ryland , j . s . ( ed . ) . ( 1990 ) . the marine fauna of the british isles and north - west europe : 1 . introduction and protozoans to arthropods . clarendon press : oxford , uk . isbn 0 - 19 - 857356 - 1 . 627 pp . ( look up in imis ) [ details ]
( of cillenus laterale ( samouelle ) ) muller , y . ( 2004 ) . faune et flore du littoral du nord , du pas - de - calais et de la belgique : inventaire . [ coastal fauna and flora of the nord , pas - de - calais and belgium : inventory ] . commission régionale de biologie région nord pas - de - calais : france . 307 pp . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
hayward , p . j . ; ryland , j . s . ( ed . ) . ( 1990 ) . the marine fauna of the british isles and north - west europe : 1 . introduction and protozoans to arthropods . clarendon press : oxford , uk . isbn 0 - 19 - 857356 - 1 . 627 pp . ( look up in imis ) [ details ]
muller , y . ( 2004 ) . faune et flore du littoral du nord , du pas - de - calais et de la belgique : inventaire . [ coastal fauna and flora of the nord , pas - de - calais and belgium : inventory ] . commission régionale de biologie région nord pas - de - calais : france . 307 pp . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
haghebaert , g . ( 1989 ) . coleoptera from marine habitats , in : wouters , k . ; baert , l . ( ed . ) ( 1989 ) . proceedings of the symposium
invertebrates of belgium
. pp . 301 - 308 ( look up in imis ) [ details ]
cheng , l . ( ed . ) . ( 1976 ) . marine insects . north - holland publishing company : amsterdam , the netherlands . isbn 0 - 444 - 11213 - 8 . xii , 581 pp . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
medin . ( 2011 ) . uk checklist of marine species derived from the applications marine recorder and unicorn . version 1 . 0 . [ details ]
maris , t . ; beauchard , o . ; van damme , s . ; van den bergh , e . ; wijnhoven , s . ; meire , p . ( 2013 ) . referentiematrices en ecotoopoppervlaktes annex bij de evaluatiemethodiek schelde - estuarium studie naar “ecotoopoppervlaktes en intactness index” . monitor taskforce publication series , 2013 - 01 . nioz : yerseke . 35 pp . ( look up in imis ) [ details ]
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description : a 3 - 4mm long yellowish ground beetle with metallic green foreparts . on sheltered tidal mud or sand of saltmarshes and estuaries , under ulva and litter on the strandline .
world distribution : a suboceanic southern - temperate species ( 82 ) found on coasts from southern denmark and the british isles south to the iberian peninsula and north africa but not in the eastern mediterranean .
irish status : restricted to sheltered inlets and estuaries but very widespread and fairly common .
ecology : stenotopic for sheltered , usually estuarine , mudflats with fine sand or gravel on the upper middle and upper shores . typically found under stones or deposits of ulva and enteromorpha on or near the strandline , but can withstand considerable periods of immersion in saltwater . found closer to the open sea on estuaries than either b . lunatum or b . maritimum . it feeds largely on talitrids .
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each tol leaf page provides a synopsis of the characteristics of a group of organisms representing a leaf at the tip of the tree of life . the major distinction between a leaf and a branch of the tree of life is that a leaf cannot generally be further subdivided into subgroups representing distinct genetic lineages .
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disclaimer : itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available , and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties . however , it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes . while every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and up - to - date information available , ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in provisions of treaties to which the united states is a party , wildlife statutes , regulations , and any applicable notices that have been published in the federal register . for further information on u . s . legal requirements with respect to protected taxa , please contact the u . s . fish and wildlife service .
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platynota flavedana , the black-shaded platynota moth , is a species of moth of the tortricidae family .

it is found in the united states from minnesota to maine , south to north carolina and west to arizona .

the length of the forewings is 5-6.5 mm for males and 6-8.5 mm for females .

adults are sexually dimorphic .

the forewings of the males are dark purplish brown basally and yellowish to orangish brown apically .

females have brown to orangish brown forewings with dark brown to purplish-brown markings .

the hindwings of both sexes are brown to orangish brown .

adults are on wing from may to june and again from july to september .

there are usually two generations per year , but a partial third generation may occur in the southern part of the range .

the larvae feed on various plants and have been recorded on acer , eupatorium , helianthus , dianthus caryophyllus , helianthemum , hypericum perforatum , rhododendron , trifolium , sassafras , gossypium hirsutum , gossypium thurberi , fragaria , prunus persica , rosa and citrus species .

they feed from within a shelter constructed of tied or folded leaves .

feeding may cause damage to blossoms or fruit .

full-grown larvae reach a length of 13 – 21 mm .

they have a green to pale green body and brownish-yellow head .

the species overwinters as a mid-instar larva .

pupation takes place in webbed leaves .

platynota flavedana

species platynota flavedana - black - shaded platynota moth - hodges # 3732 - bugguide . net
platynota flavedana is widely distributed in the eastern united states . records from the western u . s . are questionable .
wilde , g . & m . semel 1966 . the life history of platynota flavedana , a leaf roller of strawberry . journal of economic entomology 59 : 1037 - 1041
platynota flavedana completes two annual generations over much of its range ; a partial third generation may be present in the south . adults are present may - june and july - september .
wilde , g . and m . semel . 1966 . the life history of platynota flavedana , a leaf roller of strawberry . journal of economic entomology . 59 : 1037 - 1041 .
larvae of p . flavedana have been reported as pests of strawberry , peach , and rose . other important hosts include cotton and citrus .
david , p . j . , r . l . horsburgh & g . i . holtzman 1989 . development of platynota flavedana and p . idaeusalis ( lepidoptera : tortricidae ) at constant temperatures in the laboratory . environ . entomol . 18 : 15 - 18
platynota flavedana is sexually dimorphic . the male forewing is dark purplish brown basally and yellowish to orangish brown apically . the female forewing is brown to orangish brown with dark - brown to purplish - brown markings . hindwings of both sexes are brown to orangish brown ; males tend to exhibit more orange than females . males have a long forewing costal fold that extends to mid - costa .
adults may appear similar to other species of platynota , but can be separated from most other species by their orangish appearance .
a female black - shaded platynota moth in howard co . , maryland ( 2003 ) . photo by larry line . ( mbp list )
black - shaded platynota moth in worcester co . , maryland ( 7 / 19 / 2013 ) . photo by scott housten . ( mbp list )
a black - shaded platynota moth on assateague island , maryland ( 5 / 24 / 2013 ) . photo by scott housten . ( mbp list )
black - shaded platynota moth in calvert co . , maryland ( 7 / 17 / 2006 ) . photo by arlene ripley . ( mbp list )
black - shaded platynota moth in howard co . , maryland ( 7 / 29 / 2014 ) . photo by nancy magnusson . ( mbp list )
a black - shaded platynota moth in frederick co . , maryland ( 5 / 31 / 2017 ) . photo by mark etheridge . ( mbp list )
a black - shaded platynota moth in baltimore co . , maryland ( 7 / 30 / 2014 ) . photo by emily stanley . ( mbp list )
a black - shaded platynota moth in wicomico co . , maryland ( 7 / 12 / 2014 ) . photo by mike burchett . ( mbp list )
a black - shaded platynota moth in howard co . , maryland ( 7 / 23 / 2016 ) . photo by kurt schwarz . ( mbp list )
a black - shaded platynota moth in dorchester co . , maryland ( 5 / 16 / 2015 ) . photo by jonathan willey . ( mbp list )
a black - shaded platynota moth in worcester co . , maryland ( 7 / 10 / 2013 ) . photo by scott housten . ( mbp list )
a black - shaded platynota moth in baltimore co . , maryland ( 8 / 20 / 2014 ) . photo by emily stanley . ( mbp list )
a black - shaded platynota moth in worcester co . , maryland ( 7 / 29 / 2013 ) . photo by mike burchett . ( mbp list )
a black - shaded platynota moth in washington co . , maryland ( 7 / 18 / 2017 ) . photo by mark etheridge . ( mbp list )
adults may appear similar to other species of platynota , but can be separated from most other species by their orangish appearance . a genitalic dissection can be used to confirm identity .
a female black - shaded platynota moth in prince george ' s co . , maryland ( 5 / 26 / 2004 ) . photo by bob patterson . ( mbp list )
a male black - shaded platynota moth in prince george ' s co . , maryland ( 8 / 26 / 2010 ) . photo by bob patterson . ( mbp list )
a black - shaded platynota moth in dorchester co . , maryland ( 6 / 2 / 2016 ) . determined by roger downer / bamona . photo by mark etheridge . ( mbp list )
a black - shaded platynota moth in frederick co . , maryland ( 9 / 8 / 2016 ) . verified by roger downer / bamona . photo by mark etheridge . ( mbp list )
a black - shaded platynota moth in harford co . , maryland ( 7 / 18 / 2014 ) . verified by roger downer / bamona . photo by dave webb . ( mbp list )
a black - shaded platynota moth in baltimore city , maryland ( 5 / 23 / 2008 ) . determined by jason j . dombroskie / bugguide . photo by thomas wilson . ( mbp list )
a male black - shaded platynota moth in prince george ' s co . , maryland ( 7 / 19 / 2004 ) . specimen provided by bob patterson . photo by larry line . ( mbp list )
a male black - shaded platynota moth in prince george ' s co . , maryland ( 7 / 19 / 2004 ) . specimen supplied by bob patterson . photo by larry line . ( mbp list )
larvae appear similar to those of sparganothis sulfureana , and the two species are often found in similar habitats in the eastern united states . mackay ( 1962 ) stated that larvae of platynota could be separated from similar species of sparganothis by the small dorsal pinacula on a1 - 8 , which are slightly elongate and cream colored in living individuals .
late instar larvae are approximately 13 - 21 mm in length with a green to pale green abdomen . the head and prothoracic shield are brownish yellow . an anal comb is present with 5 - 8 teeth .
females lay eggs in masses that contain approximately 50 individual eggs on the upper surface of leaves . larvae feed within a shelter constructed of tied or folded leaves . larvae may cause economic damage by feeding on blossoms or fruit , and will often web leaves together with blossoms and immature fruit . mid - instar larvae of the last generation overwinter and resume feeding the following spring . pupation occurs in webbed leaves .
citrus x sinensis ( l . ) osbeck ( pro sp . ) [ maxima x reticulata ]
chapman , p . j . and s . e . lienk . 1971 . tortricid fauna of apple in new york ( lepidoptera : tortricidae ) ; including an account of apple ' s occurrence in the state , especially as a naturalized plant . spec . publ . geneva , ny : new york state agricultural experiment station . 122 pp .
mackay , m . r . 1962 . larvae of the north american tortricinae ( lepidoptera : tortricidae ) . the canadian entomologist supplement 28 : 1 - 182 .
sandberg , s . and s . passoa . 1989 . new host records and morphological notes on four tortricines ( tortricidae ) . journal of research on the lepidoptera . 27 : 104 - 108 .
tortricids of agricultural importance by todd m . gilligan and marc e . epstein interactive keys developed in lucid 3 . 5 . last updated august 2014 .
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powell , j . a . & j . w . brown , 2012 . the moths of north america , fascicle 8 . 1 : p . 130 ; pl . e . 45 - 50 . order
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upcoming events 2018 bugguide gathering in virginia july 27 - 29 : registration and discussion photos of insects and people from the 2015 gathering in wisconsin , july 10 - 12 photos of insects and people from the 2014 gathering in virginia , june 4 - 7 . photos of insects and people from the 2013 gathering in arizona , july 25 - 28 photos of insects and people from the 2012 gathering in alabama photos of insects and people from the 2011 gathering in iowa photos from the 2010 workshop in grinnell , iowa photos from the 2009 gathering in washington
adult - sexually dimorphic ; males dark brown with a golden band on the apical quarter of the wings . females have several brown or reddish - brown bands ( hull et al . , 1995 ) .
larva - early instars are yellowish with a black head . older larvae are green with a light brown or amber head ( hull et al . , 1995 ) .
minnesota east to maine , south to north carolina , and west to arizona . more common in the southern part of its range at lower elevations ( hull et al . , 1995 ) .
generalist feeder of strawberry , apple , azalea , blackberry , clover , cotton , helianthus sp . , maple , peach , raspberry , rose , sassafras , narrowleaf plantain , smartweed , dandelion , dock and others ( hull et al . , 1995 ) .
seven known parasites , goniozus platynotae ( hymenoptera ) the most common ( wilde et al . , 1966 ) .
clemens , b . , 1860 . contributions to american lepidopterology - no . 6 .
hull , l . a . , d . g . pfeiffer , d . j . biddinger 1995 . mid - atlantic orchard monitoring guide . nraes - 75 : 1 - 361
powell , j . a . & j . w . brown , 2012 . the moths of north america , fascicle 8 . 1 : p . 130 ; pl . e . 45 - 50
contributions to american lepidopterology - no . 6 . brackenridge clemens . 1860 . proceedings of the academy of natural sciences of philadelphia 12 : 345 - 362 .
lbam id - tools for diagnosing light brown apple moth and related western u . s . leafrollers - epiphyas postvittana ( walker ) .
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for pests currently absent from the uk , risk of introduction is assessed . for pests already present in the uk risk of spread to maximum extent is assessed . some other scenarios exist .
the specific pathway ( s ) that were considered when rating entry of a pest to the uk . these were the pathways considered to present the highest risk of entry .
this section is currently being developed as part of the next phase of the risk register .
what risks would be without any co - ordinated action . ratings do take into account how normal grower practises ( such as pesticide treatments ) would affect risks .
for
pest is introduced
the lowest value of entry or establishment , as both are required for a successful introduction . for
pest spreads to maximum extent
this is an expert judgement on the likelihood of this occurrence .
the likelihood of movement of the pest into the uk on a pathway and transfer of that pest to a suitable host .
the likelihood of the pest surviving and perpetuating in the uk for the foreseeable future after it has entered .
the rate at which a pest can expand , by natural dispersal only , within an area .
the predicted economic impacts of the pest in the uk . this includes direct effects on yield , quality and possible indirect effects such as trade implications .
the proportion of the environmental value of the plant which is likely to be lost through the introduction of the pest .
the predicted social impacts of a pest in the uk , including effects on tourism , amenities and animal and human health .
the value of the hosts or industries at risk from this pest in the uk .
the likelihood multiplied by the impact , which shows the risk to the sector .
risks rated to take into account the effects of co - ordinated actions that are in place such as eu regulation or industry accreditation schemes .
the hosts or industries in the uk that were considered when rating the pest as being at risk .
polyphagous pest which could be potentially damaging to a range of crops if introduced to the uk . no imminent threat has been identified but the situation will be kept under review . the industry may wish to be aware .
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* lam wh , rota j , brown jw ( 2011 ) a preliminary list of the leaf - roller moths ( lepidoptera : tortricidae ) of virginia . banisteria 37 , 3 - 37 . * review of agricultural entomology , 89 ( 7 ) , p 60 ( 6303 ) .
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amauroclopius ornatus is an assassin bug that is thought to prey upon bees .

a. ornatus is associated with the cativo tree of colombia ( prioria copaifera leguminosae / caesalpinioideae ) .

wygodzinsky reported an individual of a. ornatus to be found feeding on a bee .

probably a. ornatus feeds upon euglossine bees , as these bees are known to use the resins of the prioria tree in their nest construction .

other apiomerini also show these kinds of associations with bees and plant resins .

amauroclopius ornatus

the species seems to be associated with ponerobia bipustulata and amauroclopius ornatus as all three were found on the same tree ( prioria copaifera ) .
no one has contributed data records for amauroclopius yet . learn how to contribute .
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the genus consists of two described species , both of which are found in south america .
beharus is a monotypic genus of assassin bugs belonging to the family reduviidae . its one species , b . cylindripes , is found in south america , though not restricted to the amazon basin .
this page was last modified on 29 march 2013 , at 08 : 33 .
this article ' s content derived from wikipedia , the free encyclopedia ( see original source ) .


melanothrix semperi is a moth in the eupterotidae family .

it was described by rothschild in 1917 .

it is found in the philippines ( mindanao ) .

the wings of the adults are similar to melanothrix nymphaliaria , but are less black .

the abdomen is yellow with black transverse bands .

melanothrix semperi

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nb : the taxon name search is for single names only . for example , to locate dysodia vitrina flammata warren , 1904 you should enter flammata only .
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curators : konstantin efetov , vasiliy feoktistov , svyatoslav knyazev , evgeny komarov , stan korb , alexander zhakov .
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risiocnemis seidenschwarzi is a species of damselfly in the family platycnemididae and the only known species in the genus risiocnemis .
obenbergerula is a genus of beetles in the family buprestidae , the jewel beetles .
the seashore earwig ( anisolabis littorea ) is a species of earwig in the family anisolabididae .
nicrophorus apo is a species of burying beetle found in mindanao in the philippines .
trigonopterus palawanensis is a species of flightless weevil in the genus trigonopterus from the philippines .
orthetrum serapia known as the green skimmer is a freshwater dragonfly in the libellulidae family .
statilia apicalis is a far - ranging species of mantis found in asia , africa , and oceania .
tenodera angustipennis is a species of mantis native to asia and nearby areas of oceania .
conlephasma enigma is a wingless , ground - dwelling species of stick insect in the genus conlephasma , and is found on mount halcon , on the philippine island of mindoro .
lumawigia is a genus of beetles in the family buprestidae , the jewel beetles .
deroplatys philippinica , common name philippines dead leaf mantis , is a species of dead leaf mantis from the philippines .
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scrobipalpopsis petasitis is a moth in the gelechiidae family .

it was described by pfaffenzeller in 1867 .

it is found in northern europe , the alps and on the taimyr peninsula .

the wingspan is 15 – 20 mm .

the larvae feed on petasites albus , petasites paradoxus and petasites frigidus .

they mine the leaves of their host plant .

the mine has the form of a large , full depth , inflated , brownish blotch , expanding from the leaf margin .

a single mine generally contains three to ten larvae .

the species overwinters in the larval stage , either in the mine or between spun parts of the leaf .

scrobipalpopsis petasitis

this species has some similarities to scrobipalpopsis petasitis ( present in north america and europe ) and s . tetradymiella ( present in the united states ) . two similar species that are found in potato include phthorimaea operculella and symmetrischema tangolias . both larvae and adults of these species are smaller than those of t . solanivora .
scrobipalpopsis interposita powell & povolný , 2001 ; holarctic lepidoptera 8 ( suppl . 1 ) : 22 ; tl : california , contra costa co . , briones reservroi
scrobipalpopsis madiae powell & povolný , 2001 ; holarctic lepidoptera 8 ( suppl . 1 ) : 23 ; tl : california , monterey co . , big creek reserve
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museum für naturkunde leibniz - institut für evolutions - und biodiversitätsforschung invalidenstr . 43 10115 berlin germany e - mail : fauna - eu ( at ) mfn - berlin . de website : urltoken
= tecia ; hodges & becker , 1990 , proc . ent . soc . wash . 92 ( 1 ) : 82
gnorimoschema arnicella clarke , 1942 ; proc . u . s . nat . mus . 92 ( 3149 ) : 268 ; tl : washington , whitman co . , kamiack butte , 3000 '
larva on artemisia californica powell & povolný , 2001 , holarctic lepidoptera 8 ( suppl . 1 ) : 23
larva on madia powell & povolný , 2001 , holarctic lepidoptera 8 ( suppl . 1 ) : 23
larva on petasites niveus pfaffenzeller , 1867 , stettin ent . ztg 28 : 79 , petasites paradoxus , p . frigidus [ me6 ] , 56
gnorimoschema petrella busck , 1915 ; proc . ent . soc . wash . 17 ( 2 ) : 83 ; tl : hampton , new hampshire
gnorimoschema tetradymiella busck , 1903 ; proc . u . s . nat . mus . 25 ( 1304 ) : 834 ; tl : los angeles , california
larva on tetradymia canescens busck , 1903 , proc . u . s . nat . mus . 25 ( 1304 ) : 834
sangmi lee , richard brown & sibyl bucheli . gelechioidea - a global framework ;
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die schmetterlinge deutschlands und der schweiz . 2 . abteilung , kleinschmetterlinge . 2 . die motten und federmotten
staudinger , 1867 gelechia petasitella und phyllobrostis hartmanni stettin ent . ztg 28 : 210 - 212
if you have corrections , comments or information to add into these pages , just send mail to markku savela keep in mind that the taxonomic information is copied from various sources , and may include many inaccuracies . expert help is welcome .
potato * this list includes important economic or environmental hosts but does not represent all major hosts of the pest . check cphst pest datasheet for complete list of hosts .
trap spacing : when trapping for more than one species of moth , separate traps for different moth species by at least 20 meters ( 65 feet ) .
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turneria frenchi is a species of ant in the genus turneria .

described by forel in 1911 , it is endemic to australia , but original specimens of the ant have been lost , and its placement in a genus has been in question .

the ant has been transferred various times , notably being transferred to stigmacros in 1990 but then put back into turneria in 1992 .

turneria frenchi

tree of life web project . 2004 . turneria . version 06 september 2004 ( temporary ) .
combination in stigmacros : shattuck , 1990 pdf : 105 ; in turneria : taylor , 1992a pdf : 67 .
turneria is a genus of ants that belongs to the subfamily dolichoderinae . known from australia , they form small colonies of fewer than 500 workers , and nest in trees and twigs .
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disclaimer : itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available , and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties . however , it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes . while every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and up - to - date information available , ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in provisions of treaties to which the united states is a party , wildlife statutes , regulations , and any applicable notices that have been published in the federal register . for further information on u . s . legal requirements with respect to protected taxa , please contact the u . s . fish and wildlife service .
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to cite this page : myers , p . , r . espinosa , c . s . parr , t . jones , g . s . hammond , and t . a . dewey . 2018 . the animal diversity web ( online ) . accessed at https : / / animaldiversity . org .
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each tol branch page provides a synopsis of the characteristics of a group of organisms representing a branch of the tree of life . the major distinction between a branch and a leaf of the tree of life is that each branch can be further subdivided into descendent branches , that is , subgroups representing distinct genetic lineages .
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