gymnarchus niloticus – commonly known as the aba , aba aba , frankfish , freshwater rat-tail , poisson-cheval , or african knifefish – is an electric fish , and the only species in the genus gymnarchus and the family gymnarchidae within the order osteoglossiformes .

it is found in swamps , lakes and rivers in the nile , turkana , chad , niger , volta , senegal , and gambia basins .

gymnarchus

gymnarchus niloticus - aba aba knifefish trying to catch gut - loaded feeder and giving up . . . .
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gymnarchus niloticus - aba aba knifefish trying to catch gut - loaded feeder and giving up . . . . - youtube
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gymnarchus niloticus cuvier , 1829
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fish biology ; gymnarchus niloticus ; lake chad ; fish nutrition ; diet ; feeding habits ; fish reproduction ; fish growth .
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fish species associates in the senegal river
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gymnarchus niloticus cuvier , 1829
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the nocturnal african freshwater fish gymnarchus niloticus operates a dipole electrostatic field generator and a sensor to detect the amplitude and frequency of disturbances in turbulent waters .
fish biology ; gymnarchus niloticus ; lake chad ; fish nutrition ; diet ; prey selection ; fish reproduction ; sexual maturity ; fisheries resources and production ; swamp fisheries .
149 . sagua , v . o . ( 1983 ) preliminary report on the biology of gymnarchus niloticus in lake chad . annual report of the lake chad research institute , maiduguri , nigeria . 1983 . pp . 61–63 . en .
148 . sagua , v . o . ( 1982 ) preliminary observations on the feeding habits and reproductive biology of gymnarchus niloticus from lake chad . annual report of the lake chad research institute , maiduguri , nigeria . 1982 . pp . 50–56 . en . 6 ref .
in contrast , gymnarchus niloticus ( gymnarchidae ) prepares a large floating nest from the matted stems of swamp grasses , biting off the stems and fashioning them into a trough - shaped structure with an internal length of about 50 cm ( 20 inches ) . spawning takes place in the nest , and one or…
gymnarchus niloticus survives well in the swampy conditions which have come to dominate the lake area since the drought and now form a significant part of commercial catches . prey mainly consists of tilapias or clarias catfish , all of which are swallowed tail - first and usually whole . breeding season is thought to be august - december . asymmetrical gonadal development has been observed . minimum size for maturity is 80 . 5cm ( 2kg ) in females and 84cm ( 1 . 8kg ) in males . other details of egg numbers and size are also given .
electric fish can be classified into two types : pulse fish or wave fish . gymnarchus niloticus is a wave fish , producing a near - sinusoidal discharge of around 500 hz . the electric discharge is produced from an electric organ that evolved from muscle , as can also be seen in gymnotiform electric fish , electric rays and skates . the convergent evolution between the south american gymnotiforms and the african mormyridae is remarkable , with the electric organ being produced via the substitution of the same amino acid in the same voltage - gated sodium channel despite the two groups of fish being on different continents and the evolution of the electric sense organ being separated in time by around 60 million years .
some species possess modifications of the mouthparts to facilitate feeding upon small invertebrates buried in muddy substrates . the shape and structure of these leads to the popular name of
elephant nosed fish
for those species with particularly prominent mouth extensions . the extensions to the mouthparts usually consist of a fleshy elongation attached to the lower jaw . they are flexible , and equipped with touch , and possibly taste , sensors . their mouths are non - protrusible , and their head ( including the eyes ) , the dorsum and belly are covered by a thin layer of skin that is perforated with small pores leading to electroreceptors . only a single gonad is present , located on the left side of their body . [ 2 ] mormyridae and their close relative gymnarchus are also unique in being the only vertebrates where the male sperm cell doesn ' t have a flagellum . [ 3 ]
greek , gymnos = naked + greek , archos = anus ( ref . 45335 )
freshwater ; demersal ; ph range : 6 . 5 - 8 . 0 ; dh range : 10 - 25 ; potamodromous ( ref . 51243 ) . tropical ; 23°c - 28°c ( ref . 13614 ) ; 18°n - 2°n , 16°w - 36°e
africa : occurring in the gambia , senegal , niger , volta and chad river basins ( ref . 81275 ) , lake turkana ( ref . 52331 , 82489 ) and the baro river drainage ( ref . 58460 ) .
maturity : l m ? range ? - ? cm max length : 167 cm sl male / unsexed ; ( ref . 2915 ) ; max . published weight : 18 . 5 kg ( ref . 2915 )
dorsal spines ( total ) : 0 ; dorsal soft rays ( total ) : 183 - 230 . body depth 7 . 2 - 10 . 3 x sl . head 5 . 6 - 6 . 9 x sl . snout prominent . pectorals 1 . 9 - 5 . 0 x head length . body terminates in thin point . head without scales . scales small .
following flooding of the river banks ( gambia river ) , this species builds large elliptical floating nests in densely vegetated swamps at depths of about 1 - 1 . 5 m ; lays about 1000 ` amber - like ' eggs ; larvae hatching after 5 days ( ref . 10609 ) . feeds on crustaceans , insects and fish ( ref . 28714 ) . no pelvic , anal or caudal fins . possesses an electric organ that extends along almost the entire trunk to the tip of the tail ( ref . 10840 ) . also equipped with ampullary receptors and two types of tuberous receptors for electroreception ( ref . 10841 ) . showed increased electric organ discharge ( eod ) rate by 50 - 60 hz between 21 and 31°c ( ref . 10837 ) .
it breeds in well - vegetated , marginal areas of swamps and rivers , where a large , floating nest , about 1 m in diameter is constructed . here the eggs are laid and later guarded by one of the parents ( ref . 27583 ) . distinct pairing ( ref . 205 ) .
bigorne , r . , 1990 . gymnarchidae . p . 185 - 186 . in c . lévêque , d . paugy and g . g . teugels ( eds . ) faune des poissons d ' eaux et saumâtres d ' afrique de l ' ouest . tome 1 . faune trop . 28 . musée royal de l ' afrique centrale , tervuren , belgique and orstom , paris . ( ref . 2911 )
phylogenetic diversity index ( ref . 82805 ) : pd 50 = 1 . 5000 [ uniqueness , from 0 . 5 = low to 2 . 0 = high ] .
bayesian length - weight : a = 0 . 00380 ( 0 . 00148 - 0 . 00976 ) , b = 3 . 09 ( 2 . 87 - 3 . 31 ) , in cm total length , based on lwr estimates for this ( sub ) family - body shape ( ref . 93245 ) .
trophic level ( ref . 69278 ) : 3 . 7 ±0 . 58 se ; based on food items .
resilience ( ref . 69278 ) : low , minimum population doubling time 4 . 5 - 14 years ( k = 0 . 12 - 0 . 17 ) .
vulnerability ( ref . 59153 ) : high to very high vulnerability ( 71 of 100 ) .
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azeroual , a . , entsua - mensah , m . , getahun , a . , lalèyè , p . , moelants , t . & vreven , e .
snoeks , j . , tweddle , d . , getahun , a . , lalèyè , p . , paugy , d . , zaiss , r . , fishar , m . r . a & brooks , e .
justification : this species has a wide distribution , with no known major widespread threats . it is therefore listed as least concern . it has also been assessed regionally as least concern for western africa . in eastern africa , it is categorized as vulnerable . due to a lack of information on the species distribution and threats in north and northeast africa , it has been categorized as data deficient . it could even be regionally extinct within north africa .
this is a commercially important species in central africa . in northern africa , dams , water pollution ( agriculture , domestic and commercial / industrial ) , groundwater extraction and drought pose possible threats . deforestation and drought are local threats in western africa .
none known . more research is needed into this species population numbers and range , biology and ecology , habitat status and threats , as well as monitoring and potential conservation measures .
azeroual , a . , entsua - mensah , m . , getahun , a . , lalèyè , p . , moelants , t . & vreven , e . 2010 .
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to cite this page : myers , p . , r . espinosa , c . s . parr , t . jones , g . s . hammond , and t . a . dewey . 2018 . the animal diversity web ( online ) . accessed at https : / / animaldiversity . org .
disclaimer : the animal diversity web is an educational resource written largely by and for college students . adw doesn ' t cover all species in the world , nor does it include all the latest scientific information about organisms we describe . though we edit our accounts for accuracy , we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts . while adw staff and contributors provide references to books and websites that we believe are reputable , we cannot necessarily endorse the contents of references beyond our control .
this material is based upon work supported by the national science foundation grants drl 0089283 , drl 0628151 , due 0633095 , drl 0918590 , and due 1122742 . additional support has come from the marisla foundation , um college of literature , science , and the arts , museum of zoology , and information and technology services .
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has a huge natural range , being present throughout much of the northern half of africa . it’s been recorded in egypt , sudan , kenya , chad , cameroon , nigeria , niger , senegal , benin , ghana , sierra leone , gambia and mauritania . given this somewhat patchy distribution , it is likely that it is present in other countries as well , or has been misidentified on several occasions . the latter theory would seem unlikely given the unique appearance of the species though .
66″ ( 165cm ) . captive specimens of over 48″ ( 120cm ) are virtually unheard of .
speaking hypothetically , a truly huge aquarium would be required to house a fully grown adult fish , something in the region of 144″ x 48″ x 72″ ( 360cm x 120cm x 120cm ) – 8155 litres would be just about acceptable . although juveniles can be kept in smaller tanks they grow very quickly when fed correctly . it’s best left to public aquaria or the tiny minority of hobbyists with the facilities to house such a beast .
prefers a dimly lit tank with areas of dense planting , large pieces of driftwood and twisted roots for cover . any decor must obviously be weighted down securely . powerful and efficient external filtration is also a must , although any water movement should be kept to a minimum . a sump – type filter is by far the best option , as the fish tends to be very destructive towards any equipment contained within the tank such as heaters and the like .
g . niloticus is carnivorous , and in nature feeds primarily on other fish and aquatic invertebrates . captive specimens readily accept most meaty live and frozen fare , such as fish fillets , prawns , mussels and earthworms . there is no need to feed live fish or mammal meat such as beef heart . the latter in particular is actually detrimental to the long term health of the fish . some specimens have been known to take dried foods , but this is the exception rather than the rule . it’s likely that young fish will be easier to wean onto these .
as unsuitable for the community tank , as it is for the hobbyist . it is highly predatory , extremely aggressive and territorial . it also possesses a mouth full of sharp teeth and a very powerful bite . experiments in which juveniles have been combined with other species have usually been successful for only a few months at most , and have always ended in some degree of disaster . if it does not kill tankmates straight away , it will often disfigure them irreparably . the eyes are particularly targeted , for some reason . even much larger fish are not safe and may have chunks of flesh removed or simply be bitten into pieces .
it is also completely intolerant of conspecifics . keep it alone and as a single specimen . once it reaches a foot or so in length it won’t hesitate to attack you either ! extreme caution must be exercised when feeding or performing tank maintenance . a bite from even a 2 foot specimen could easily sever a finger .
unsurprisingly , captive spawning has not occured . in nature , it migrates into flooded areas during the wet season and breeds amongst aquatic vegetation in areas that are rich in micro - organisms . during breeding , the male builds a large bubble nest , into which the eggs are deposited . these supposedly hatch in around 5 days and the adults exhibit no parental care thereafter .
alarmingly there have been batches of 2 - 3″ specimens being imported with increasing regularity in recent years . in addition to the fact that it is quite delicate at this size , the species is simply not suited to the home aquarium in any respect . we can only speculate as to where the majority of these fish end up , as surely only a tiny number of aquarists are able to house one for life . if you see these for sale , and they are undoubtedly amazing looking fish , ask yourself if you have the money , facilities and knowledge to house a species that can grow to 5 1 / 2 feet in length and could remove your hand as an adult . if you do possess these attributes , you will find that as well as being one of the most belligerent aquarium inhabitants available , it is also one of the most intelligent . a real ‘dream’ species for the lover of tankbusting predatory fish then , but a potential nightmare for the vast majority of hobbyists . there is an albino form available occasionally which is much sought after and very expensive .
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dog , ( canis lupus familiaris ) , domestic mammal of the family canidae ( order carnivora ) . it is a subspecies…
following flooding of the river banks ( gambia river ) , this species builds large elliptical floating nests in densely vegetated swamps at depths of about 1 - 1 . 5 m ; lays about 1000 ` amber - like ' eggs ; larvae hatching after 5 days ( ref . 10609 ) . feeds on crustaceans , insects and fish ( ref . 28714 ) . no pelvic , anal or caudal fins . possesses an electric organ that extends along almost the entire trunk to the tip of the tail ( ref . 10840 ) . also equipped with ampullary receptors and two types of tuberous receptors for electroreception ( ref . 10841 ) . showed increased electric organ discharge ( eod ) rate by 50 - 60 hz between 21 and 31°c ( ref . 10837 ) .
dana campbell set
file : gymnarque du nil . jpg
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gymnarchidae
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there are 141 species of fish recorded in the senegal river , . . .
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special publication of the center for biodiversity research and information , no . 1 , vol 1 - 3
robins , richard c . , reeve m . bailey , carl e . bond , james r . brooker , ernest a . lachner , et al .
disclaimer : itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available , and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties . however , it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes . while every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and up - to - date information available , ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in provisions of treaties to which the united states is a party , wildlife statutes , regulations , and any applicable notices that have been published in the federal register . for further information on u . s . legal requirements with respect to protected taxa , please contact the u . s . fish and wildlife service .
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bayesian length - weight : a = 0 . 00380 ( 0 . 00148 - 0 . 00976 ) , b = 3 . 09 ( 2 . 87 - 3 . 31 ) , in cm total length , based on lwr estimates for this ( sub ) family - body shape ( ref .
) : 3 . 7 ±0 . 58 se ; based on food items .
) : low , minimum population doubling time 4 . 5 - 14 years ( k = 0 . 12 - 0 . 17 ) .
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094 . im , b . h . ( 1975 ) alimentation des synodontis . [ the nutition of synodontis . ] rapport , laboratoire d ' hydrobiologie , toulouse . 39p . fr .
fish biology ; synodontis spp . ; chad basin ; fish nutrition ; diet ; prey selection ; trophic relationships .
095 . im , b . h . ( 1977 ) etude de l ' alimentation de quelques espèces de synodontis ( poissons , mochocidae ) du tchad . [ study of the diet of some species of synodontis ( pisces , mochocidae ) from chad . ] thèse doct . spec . univ . paul sabatier de toulouse . 150pp . fr .
096 . im , b . h . and lauzanne , l . ( 1978 ) la sélection des proies chez hemisynodontis membranaceus ( pisces , mochocidae ) du lac tchad . [ prey selection by hemisynodontis membranaceus ( pisces , mochocidae ) from lake chad . ] cah . orstom . , sér . hydrobiol . 12 ( 3 ) : 237–244 . fr . 8 ref .
fish biology ; hemisynodontis membranaceus ; lake chad ; fish nutrition ; diet ; prey selection ; zooplankton ; trophic relationships .
copepods are selected according to their size . over 460u , a greater number of them are retained by the branchiospinal apparatus . with cladoceran selection , size factor not dominant .
097 . lake chad basin commission , n ' djamena ( chad ) ( 1981 ) action programme for the development of lake chad conventional basin , 1982–1986 . prepared jointly with undp . ( not published ) . 3 v . en , fr .
general appraisal ( fisheries ) ; chad basin ; agricultural development ; fisheries development ; project appraisal ; water resources ; economic analysis ; finance .
fisheries are included in this report outlining a plan for the agricultural development of the chad basin in relation to the available water resources . an economic appraisal including finance requirements is presented .
098 . langford , t . s . ( 1981 ) improvement of fish processing and transport on lake chad . ( nigeria ) . report on boatbuilding ( january 1978 to june 1981 ) . field document . fao ( rome ) , fisheries dept . 28p . en .
fishing technology ; lake chad ; fishing boats ; new boat designs ; fisheries development .
undp field report providing technical specifications for a new design of fishing boat for use on lake chad .
099 . lauzanne , l . ( 1969 ) etude quantitative de nutrition des alestes baremoze ( pisc . , characidae ) . [ quantitative study of the nutrition of alestes baremoze ( pisc . , characidae ) ] . cah . orstom , ser . hydrobiol . , 3 ( 2 ) : 15–27 . fr . 16 ref .
fish biology ; alestes baremoze ; chad basin ; fish nutrition ; zooplankton ; fish growth .
the annual ration consumed by a plankton - eating fish is evaluated . initially the daily ration consumed was established . then the quantity of plankton consumed annually by a fish of average size , whose growth was known , was determined allowing calculation of corresponding rate of digestion .
100 . lauzanne , l . ( 1970 ) la sélection des proies chez alestes baremoze ( pisc . , characidae ) . [ prey selection by alestes baremoze ( pisc . , characidae ) ] . cah . orstom , ser . hydrobiol . 4 ( 1 ) : 71–76 . fr . 5 ref .
fish biology ; alestes baremoze ; chad basin ; fish nutrition ; diet ; prey selection ; zooplankton ; trophic relationships .
a . baremoze , a zooplankton feeder does not select its prey . the fishes under study ( 230–250mm standard length ) keep plankton as small as 0 . 4mm . over a length of 0 . 88mm , all the plankton is retained . length class frequencies of the free plankton constituents were compared with those of the ingested plankton .
101 . lauzanne , l . ( 1972 ) régimes alimentaires des principales espèces de poissons de l ' archipel oriental du lac tchad . [ feeding regimes of the principal fish species of the eastern archipelago of lake chad . ] verh . int . ver . limnol . 18 : 636–646 . fr . 20 ref .
102 . lauzanne , l . ( 1973 ) etude qualitative de la nutrition des alestes baremoze ( pisc . characidae ) . [ qualitative study of the nutrition of alestes baremoze ( pisc . characidae ) ] . cah . orstom , ser . hydrobiol . 7 ( 1 ) 3–15 . fr . 13 ref .
fish biology ; alestes baremoze ; chad basin ; fish nutrition ; diet ; prey selection ; trophic relationships ; fish habitats ; fish migration .
diet of this fish studied in the variety of habitats ( lake and riverine ) visited during life - cycle and spawning migration . finding enough food is never a problem , except for the period when adults move upstream during low water . in all areas surveyed diet mainly consists of plankton crustaceans and small aquatic insects . in the rivers , however , during the flood , adults become herbivorous .
103 . lauzanne , l . ( 1975a ) la sélection des proies chez trois poissons malacophages du lac tchad . [ prey selection by three malacophagous fish from lake chad . ] cah . orstom , ser . hydrobiol . 9 ( 1 ) : 3–7 . fr . 9 ref .
fish biology ; malacophagous fish ; synodontis schall ; synodontis clarias ; hyperopisus bebe ; lake chad ; fish nutrition ; diet ; prey selection ; benthic molluscs ; trophic relationships .
the comparison between stomach contents and benthic molluscs faunas shows that the three fishes studied ( synodontis schall , synodontis clarias ( mochocidae ) and hyperopisus bebe ( mormyridae ) essentially select small size , immature molluscs . such behaviour probably has a great influence on the dynamics of benthic molluscs populations .
104 . lauzanne , l . ( 1975b ) régimes alimentaires d ' hydrocynus forskalli ( pisc . characidae ) dans le lac tchad et ses tributaires . [ feeding strategies of hydrocynus forskalli ( pisc . characidae ) in lake chad and its tributaries . ] cah . orstom , ser . hydrobiol . 9 ( 2 ) : 105–121 . fr . 11 ref .
fish biology ; hydrocynus forskalli ; chad basin ; fish nutrition ; diet ; prey selection ; trophic relationships ; biotopes ; hydrological cycle .
food and feeding habits in s . e . lake chad , lower chari and logone rivers studied according to size , biotopes and two hydrological seasons ( rise and fall in water level ) . stomach contents and feeding index of relative prey importance determined . characids ( especially alestes spp . ) are most important prey species .
105 . lauzanne , l . ( 1975 ) les poissons du fleuve chari : clef de détermination . [ fish of the river chari : identification key . ] notes techniques du centre orstom n ' djamena , no . 6 . 20p .
fish biology ; chad basin ( river chari ) ; fish species ( general ) ; identification keys ; vernacular names .
identification key for fish of the river chari based on morphological characteristics . local names for species also given .
106 . lauzanne , l . ( 1976 ) régimes alimentaires et relations trophiques des poissons du lac tchad .
[ feeding strategies and trophic relationships of lake chad fish . ] cah . orstom , ser . hydrobiol . 10 ( 4 ) : 267–310 . fr . 51 ref .
fisheries ecology ; lake chad ; fish population structure ; fish nutrition ; diet ; trophic relationships ; fish habitats ; hydrological cycle ; species abundance ; stock assessment .
food and feeding habits of the main species from s . e . lake chad studied relative to habitat ( archipelago and open water ) and season ( flood or falling water level ) . stomach contents were analysed , feeding index determined and relative biomass estimated for each species by seine and gillnets .
107 . lauzanne , l . ( 1977 ) aspects qualitatifs de l ' alimentation des poissons du tchad . [ qualitative and quantitative aspects of the nutrition of chadian fish . ] orstom , paris ; these . univ . paris vi . 284p . ( mimeo ) . fr . biblio ( 12p ) .
fisheries ecology ; chad basin ( chad ) ; fish population structure ; fish nutrition ; trophic relationships ; hydrological cycle .
a detailed study of the nutrition of fish species in chad including both quantitative and qualitative aspects , trophic realtionships and the influence of hydrological patterns in this environment . special attention is given to alestes baremoze , brachysynodontis batensoda , hydrocynus forskalli , lates niloticus , tetraodon fahaka and tilapia galilaea .
108 . lauzanne , l . ( 1978a ) croissance de sarotherodon galilaeus ( pisc . cichlidae ) dans le lac tchad . [ growth of sarotherodon galilaeus ( pisc . cichlidae ) in lake chad . ] cybium , s . 3 , 3 : 5–14 . fr . 11 ref .
fish biology ; sarotherodon galilaeus ; lake chad ; fish growth ; length - weight analysis ; meristic characteristics .
growth in length studied by back - calculation using opercular bones . length / weight relationship also computed .
109 . lauzanne , l . ( 1978c ) etude quantitative de l ' alimentation de sarotherodon galilaeus ( pisc . cichlidae ) . [ quantitative study of the diet of sarotherodon galilaeus ( pisc . cichlidae ) ] . cah . orstom , ser . hydrobiol . 12 ( 1 ) : 71–81 . fr . 24 ref .
fish biology ; sarotherodon galilaeus ; chad basin ; fish nutrition ; fish growth ; water temperature .
daily food consumption is calculated and correlated with water temperature . conversion rate is low ( 3 % ) . energy coefficient of growth computed using calorific equivalents reaches 19 % .
110 . lauzanne , l . ( 1978d ) equivalents calorifiques de quelques poissons et de leur nourriture . [ calorific equivalents of some fish and their food . ] cah . orstom , ser . hydrobiol . 12 ( 1 ) : 89–92 . fr . 6 ref .
fish biology ; lake chad ; fish nutrition ; diet ; calorific equivalents . calorific equivalents of some lake chad fish and their food were evaluated using a semi micro non - adiabatic oxygen bomb .
111 . lauzanne , l . ( 1983 ) trophic relations of fishes in lake chad . in lake chad : ecology and productivity of a shallow tropical ecosystem , carmouze , j . - p . , durand , j . - r . , leveque , c . ( eds ) , pp . 489–518 , monographiae biologicae 53 , the hague : dr . w . junk . en . fr . 42 ref .
fisheries ecology ; lake chad ; fish population composition ; fish population structure ; fish nutrition ; trophic relationships ; foodchain energy efficiency ; hydrological cycle ; fish habitats .
an overview of the trophic relations between fish in lake chad based on the work of the orstom centre at n ' djamena . both qualitative and quantitative aspects are presented . two major food chains ( plant and detritis based ) and nine major food types can be distinguished . planktivores dominate the archipelago region and the open water by piscivores . the food supply is well utilised in both situations , although in terms of energy efficiency , the community in the archieplago was more efficient than that in the open water . the hydrological cycle and environmental changes influence the food - chain patterns .
112 . lauzanne , l . and iltis , a . ( 1975 ) la sélection de la nourriture chez tilapia galilaea ( pisc . , cichlidae ) du lac tchad . [ food selection by tilapia galilaea ( pisc . , cichlidae ) from lake chad . ] cah . orstom , ser . hydrobiol . 9 ( 3 ) : 193–199 . fr . 5 ref . fish biology ; tilapia galilaea ; lake chad ; fish nutrition ; diet ; prey selection ; blue - green algae .
food selection by this phytoplanktivorous fish is examined using co - efficent of selectivity . filamentous blue / green algae are favoured more than diatoms .
113 . lek , s . and lek , s . ( 1977 ) ecologie et biologie de micralestes acutidens ( peters , 1852 ) du bassin du lac tchad . [ ecology and biology of micralestes acutidens ( peters , 1852 ) in the lake chad basin . ] cah . orstom , ser . hydrobiol . 11 ( 4 ) : 255–268 . fr . 31 ref .
fish biology ; micralestes acutidens ; chad basin ; fish reproduction ; fish growth ; fish nutrition ; fish habitats ; hydrological cycle .
detail is given of spawning , growth , age , mortality , food and feeding habits in relation to hydrological events and habitats .
114 . lek , s . and lek , s . ( 1978a ) etudes de quelques espèces de petits mormyridae du bassin du lac tchad . i . observations sur la répartition et l ' écologie . [ study of some species of small mormyridae from the lake chad basin . i . observations on distribution and ecology . ] cah . orstom , ser . hydrobiol . 12 ( 3–4 ) : 225–237 . fr . 17 ref .
fisheries ecology ; chad basin ; mormyrid species ; fish population distribution ; hydrological cycle ; sahel drought ; lacustrine - swamp species transition .
the distribution and ecology of five small species of mormyrids was studied between 1970–77 , during which time the region was affected by a severe drought . the lacustrine species were replaced by species more adapted to swamp conditions as the water level in the s . e . archipeligo was reduced .
régime alimentaire d ' ichthyborus besse besse ( joannis , 1835 ) ( pisces , citharinidae ) du bassin du lac tchad . [ dietary habits of ichthyborus besse besse ( joannis , 1835 ) ( pisces , citharinidae ) from the lake chad basin ) . cybium , s3 , no . 3 : 59–75 . fr . 6 ref .
fish biology ; ichthyborus besse besse ; chad basin ; fish nutrition ; diet ; prey selection ; hydrological cycle ; size variations .
food and feeding habits studied in north cameroun floodplain and chari - logone rivers in relation to the hydrological seasons and size of fish . individuals longer than 60mm feed on small fish and fins of large fish .
116 . lek , s . and lek , s . ( 1978c ) etude de l ' écologie et la biologie d ' ichthyborus besse besse ( joannis , 1835 ) ( pisces , citharinidae ) du bassin du lac tchad . [ study of the ecology and biology of ichthyborus besse besse ( joannis , 1835 ) ( pisces , citharinidae ) from the lake chad basin . ] cybium , s3 , no . 4 : 65–86 . fr . 22 ref .
fish biology ; ichthyborus besse besse ; chad basin ; fish population distribution ; fish growth ; scale readings ; peterson ' s method ; fish reproduction ; fish ecology .
aspects covered include distribution , spawning seasons and growth patterns ( scale readings and peterson ' s method ) .
117 . leveque , c . ( co - ordinator ) ( 1988 ) chad basin , region 4 in african wetlands and shallow water bodies , bibliography , davies , b . , gasse , f . ( eds . ) pp . 180–211 . orstom ( paris ) . fr . en .
a bibliography of some 500 references covering every aspect of scientific investigation including geology , pedologie , climatology , hydrology , palynology , zoology , botany and fisheries for all the wetland areas of the chad basin .
118 . leveque , c . , dejoux , c . , lauzanne , l . , lemoalle , j . , saint - jean , l . and iltis , a . ( 1979 ) .
la faune benthique du lac tchad : écologie , peuplements et biomasses ( v . 5 ) . activité photosynthétique du phytoplancton du lac tchad ( v . 6 ) . production secondaire ( zooplancton - benthos ) dans le lac tchad ( v . 7 ) . la végétation aquatique du lac tchad ( v . 8 ) . réunion de travail sur la limnologie africaine ( comptes rendus ) , nairobi ( kenya ) , 16–23 dec 1979 . fr .
fisheries ecology ; lake chad ; fish population structure ; species abundance ; stock assessment ; ecosystem ( overview ) .
the abundance , biomass and production of the fish population of lake chad is considered in these accounts ( especially v . 7 . ) . general overview of the lake chad ecosystem .
119 . loubens , g . ( 1969 ) etude de certains peuplements ichtyologiques par des pêches au poison ( lére note ) . [ study of certain fish populations using poison for fishing ( first note ) . ] cah . orstom , 3 ( 2 ) : 45–73 . fr . 12 ref .
research methodology ; chad basin ; sampling techniques ( fish populations ) ; fish resource surveys ; poison fishing ; stock assessment ; fish population composition ; species abundance .
sampling lake chad fish populations using poison allows estimation of the density and biomass , and determination of species and size composition .
120 . loubens , g . ( 1970 ) etude de certain peuplements ichtyologiques par des pêches au poison ( 2éme note ) . [ study of certain fish populations using poison for fishing ( second note ) . ] cah . orstom , ser . hydrobiol . 4 ( 1 ) : 45–61 . 8 ref .
research methodology ; chad basin ; sampling techniques ( fish populations ) ; fish resource surveys ; poison fishing ; stock assessment ; fish population distribution ; mathematical models .
fish populations of the chad basin studied by considering a number of models to represent species distribution and biomass .
121 . loubens , g . ( 1973 ) production de la pêche et peuplements ichtyologiques d ' un bief du delta du chari . [ fisheries production and fish stocks in a channel of the chari delta ] . cah . orstom , ser . hydrobiol . 7 ( ¾ ) : 209–233 . fr . 16 ref .
fish resources and production ; chad basin ( river chari ) ; fishing practices ; fishing gear ; catch estimation ; stock assessment ; fish resource surveys ; hydrological cycle .
information is given on the fishing patterns and production level , gear , fish populations and the relationship with the hydrological cycle as a follow - up to a previous study .
122 . loubens , g . ( 1974 ) quelques aspects de la biologie de lates niloticus du tchad . [ some aspects of the biology of lates niloticus in chad . ] cah . orstom , ser . hydrobiol . 8 ( 1 ) : 3–21 . fr . 35 ref .
fish biology ; lates niloticus ; chad basin ( chad ) ; fish growth ; scale readings ; von bertalanffys model ; fish reproduction ; sexual maturity ; spawning habits ; hydrological cycle .
details of growth rate ( according to sex ) recorded at up to 61cm in 5 years , size ( only females exceed 1 metre in length ) , spawning activity and timing . scale readings and two von bertalanffy models presented .
123 . loubens , g . and franc , j . ( 1972 ) etude méthodologique pour la récolte de statistique de pêche basée sur l ' observation des pêcheries d ' un bief du delta du chari . [ methodological study of the collection of fisheries statistics based on observations of the fishermen in the chari delta . ] rapport , orstom , n ' djamena , 44p . ( multigr . ) . fr . 7 ref .
research methodology ; chad basin ( river chari ) ; fisheries statistics ; fishing practices ; fishing gear ; catch estimate ; fishing effort ( total ) ; ethnicity ; research priorities ; tabulated statistics .
the fisheries of douara - madide ( a channel of the chari delta ) are described including : gear , methods , the fishing communities and the seasonal cycle of activity . estimates of production , cpue , total effort are also given and examined critically . recommendations are made for further research . tables of relevant statistics are presented as appendices .
124 . maembe , t . w . and gubio , a . ( 1981 ) report on a visit to jos , enugu and onitsha processed markets . field document , fao ( rome ) , fisheries dept . 12p . en .
fish commerce and marketing ; lake chad ; processed fish products ; trade statistics ; prices ; markets ; retailing ; transportation ; distribution ; trade routes ; trading practices ; storage methods ; post - harvest losses ; economic analyses .
interim report of an fao investigation into the trade in lake chad fish , includes information on consumer demand , market prices , the organisation of retailing , post - harvest losses , transport and distribution patterns , storage methods .
125 . maembe , t . w . ( 1982a ) improvement of fish processing and transportation on lake chad project , nigeria . field document , fao ( rome ) , fisheries dept . 32p . en .
fish processing ; lake chad ; processed fish products ; post - harvest losses ; improved processing methods ; packaging ; transportation ; fish commerce & marketing ; co - operative formation ; training .
the report documents the status of fish - processing at lake chad including the problems of poor - handling , insect infestation and inadequate processing which result in losses of up to 60 % . the application of improved processing methods : new kilns , ice and brine are recommended , together with better packaging and transportation . initiatives to be followed - up in the future including formation of the baga fisheries co - op and further education through the fisheries vocational school at baga are also considered . detailed tables of statistics relating to the quantity and quality of traded fish are included as appendices .
126 . maembe , t . w . ( 1982b ) improvement of fish processing and transportation on lake chad , nigeria . improvement of existing fish processing and handling methods . field document , fao ( rome ) , fisheries dept . 32p . en .
fish processing ; lake chad ; fresh fish ; product quality ; improved processing methods ; ice and freezer technology .
methods for the improved handling and processing of fresh fish on lake chad are recommended as part of an undp project , including the use of ice and freezing .
127 . mann , m . j . ( 1961a . ) survey of fish trade in the wulgo area . report , fed . fish . service . , maiduguri , nigeria . ( dactylogr . ) . en .
fish commerce and marketing ; chad basin ( nigeria ) ; processed fish products ; markets ; prices ; trade routes ; distribution .
128 . mann , m . j . ( 1962 ) fish production and marketing from the nigerian shores of lake chad ( 1960–61 ) . report , fed . fish . service , lagos , nigeria . 50p . ( multigr . ) en .
fish commerce and marketing ; lake chad ; processed fish products ; trade statistics ; distribution ; transportation ; trade routes ; markets ; fisheries development .
129 . meeren , a . g . l . van der . ( 1980 ) improvement of fish processing and transport on lake chad , nigeria . a socio - anthropological analysis of the fisheries of lake chad . field document . fao ( rome ) , fisheries dept . 45p . en .
fisheries anthropology ; lake chad ; fisheries resources and production ; fishing communities ; ethnicity ; fisheries development ; fish processing ; fish commerce and marketing ; cooperative formation ; transportation ; economic analysis .
socio - anthropological aspects of fish production and processing at lake chad are examined including social organisation and the interaction between ethnic groups , and the potential for the formation of fishermens cooperatives to assist marketing .
130 . migeod , f . w . h . ( 1925 ) through nigeria to lake chad . heath cranton ltd ( london ) . 330p .
an early account of the environment and peoples around lake chad including some detailed observations of the fishing activity .
131 . mills , a . ( 1979 ) handling and processing fish on lake chad . unpublished report , odnri ( london ) , 55p . ( mimeo . ) . en .
fish processing ; lake chad ; processed fish products ; handling ; improved processing methods .
132 . mok , m . ( 1974 ) biométrie et biologie des schilbe ( pisces , siluriformes ) du bassin tchadien . 1ère partie : morphologie comparée des deux espèces de schilbe . [ biommetry and biology of schilbe ( pisces , siluriformes ) in the chad basin . part 1 : morphology compared for two species of schilbe . ] cah . orstom . , ser . hydrobiol . , 8 ( 2 ) : 119–135 . fr .
fish biology ; schilbe uranoscopus ; schilbe mystus ; chad basin ; morphology ; biometry .
133 . mok , m . ( 1975 ) biométrie et biologie des schilbe ( pisc : siluriformes ) du bassin tchadien . 2ème partie : biologie comparée des deux espèces . [ biometry and biologie of schilbe ( pisc : siluriformes ) from the chad basin . part 2 : biology compared for two species . ] cah . orstom , ser . hydrobiol . 9 : 33–60 . fr . 84 ref .
fish biology ; schilbe uranoscopus ; schilbe mystus ; chad basin ; biometry ; fish nutrition ; fish reproduction ; fish migration ; life cycle ; condition coefficient ; hydrological cycle .
two species in chad basin : schilbe uranoscopus and schilbe mystus . easily distinguished on basis of morphological and biometrical characteristics . ecological very similiar . juveniles entomophagus , adults ichthyophagous . both species move from lake to river during the flood . spawn in river logone , july - sept . condition factor high in rivers and lake , low in archipelago generally .
134 . monod , t . ( 1928 ) l ' industrie des pêches au cameroun . [ the fishing industry in cameroun ] . paris , larose ed . , 504p . fr .
general appraisal ( fisheries ) ; chad basin ( cameroun ) ; historical account .
the first detailed description of fisheries in cameroun including fishing techniques ( many of which have now disappeared ) . however only deals with the northern course of the logone and chari in the chad basin .
135 . moes , t . e . ( 1980 ) research and development priorities in the lake chad fisheries . a paper presented at the national seminar on fisheries research , 28–30th april 1980 , lagos , nigeria . fao ( rome ) , project ref : fao / nir / 74 / 001 . en .
fish processing ; lake chad ; processed fish products ; post - harvest losses ; improved processing methods ; research priorities .
an interim report of the fao team investigating post - harvest losses . the problem is outlined and the research undertaken to date explained . future research priorities are discussed including the application of improved processing methods such as brining , the ivory coast type smoking kiln and icing . a strategy for technology - transfer is also considered .
136 . neiland , a . e . ( 1987 ) shrinking lake chad is still a big fishery ! fishing news international , 24 ( 2 ) : 41–42 . en .
general appraisal ( fisheries ) ; lake chad ; fish resources and production ; fish commerce & marketing ; fisheries management ; fish processing ; hydrological cycle ; sahel drought .
despite a large reduction in the size of the lake over the last 5 years , the fishery and resultant trade in fish products with southern nigerian markets is still significant , based largely on undersized tilapias and clarias catfish .
137 . neiland , a . e . and verinumbe , i . ( 1990a ) fisheries development and resource usage conflict : a case study of deforestation associated with the lake chad fishery in nigeria . cemare research paper , university of portsmouth , uk . subsequently published in environmental conservation 18 ( 1991 ) : 111–117 . en . 22 ref .
general appraisal ( fisheries ) ; lake chad ; fish processing ; fuelwood ; deforestation ; fisheries development ; resource usage conflict ; economic analysis .
a post - drought rejuvenation of the lake chad fisheries is likely to significantly increase the pressure placed on other local resources . in the case of the tree resources , it can be demonstrated that the concentration of population and fish processing activity along the western shoreline will further exacerbate the existing local deficit between supply and demand leading to further tree loss and environmental degradation . the problem is outlined and discussed in the context of both local and national economic considerations .
138 . neiland , a . e . and verinumbe , i . ( 1990b ) the potential of the shrub calotropis procera ( asclepiadaceae ) as an alternative fuel source for processing fish at lake chad in nigeria : preliminary observations and identification of areas for further research . trop . sci 30 , 321–323 . en . 6 ref .
fish processing ; lake chad ; fisheries development ; fish processing ; fuelwood alternatives ; calotropis procera ; natural insecticide ; toxicity problems .
because of the lack of fuelwood supplies around lake chad , local processors are now using stems of the shrub calotropis procera , which is locally abundant growing on exhausted soil . the sap of the plant is poisonous . it is not clear whether this has an impact on the fish products produced . the possibility that the accumulation of poison residues may render the fish unfit for human consumption should be investigated .
139 . odunze , f . c . ( 1982 ) study of some aspects of the biology of clarias lazera in lake chad . annual report of the lake chad research institute , maiduguri , nigeria . 1982 . pp . 57–60 . en .
fish biology ; clarias lazera ; lake chad ; fish reproduction ; sub - species identification ; morphology ; meristic characteristics ; biometry .
fecundity , spawning activity , morphological and meristic investigation results are presented . it is suggested that their are two sub - species of this fish in the lake , broadly defined according to size ( small and normal size ) .
140 . odunze , f . c . ( 1983 ) fecundity studies of tilapia zilli in lake chad . annual report of the lake chad research institute , maiduguri , nigeria . 1983 . pp . 71–73 . en . 3 ref .
fish biology ; tilapia zilli ; lake chad ; fish reproduction ; sexual maturity ; hydrological cycle ; fisheries resources and production .
tilapia zilli populations in lake chad have high reproductive potential , being fecund year round at a small size . main breeding season is january – april , corresponding to the annual water level increase . this fish is important commercially forming up to 80 % of all catches between january and may .
141 . orstom ( 1977 ) les activitiés de l ' orstom en république du tchad . 3 : recherches biologiques et sciences humains . [ the work of orstom in the republic of chad . 3 : research in the biological and social sciences . ] notes tech . du centre orstom de n ' djamena ; no . 15 . 19p . fr . 63 ref .
general appraisal ( fisheries ) ; chad basin ; fisheries resources and production ; economic analysis ; ethnicity ; demography ; ecosystem ( overview ) ; limnology .
a general overview of the chad basin ecosystem including the fisheries resources and production , their economic significance and the characteristics of the indigenuous populations involved in fisheries . based on the research undertaken by the orstom centre at n ' djamena .
142 . pellegrin , j . ( 1914 ) les poissons du bassin du lac tchad . [ the fish of the lake chad basin . ] paris , 154pp . fr .
fish biology ; chad basin ; fish species ( general ) ; historical account .
an early detailed description of the biology of fish of the chad basin including many fine illustrations .
143 . quensiere , j . ( 1976 ) influence de la sécheresse sur les pêcheries du delta du chari ( 1971–73 ) . [ effect of drought on the fisheries of the chari delta ( 1971–73 ) ] . cah . orstom . , ser . hydrobiol . 10 ( 1 ) : 3–18 . fr . 12 ref .
fisheries ecology ; river chari delta ; fisheries resources and production ; fishing effort ( total ) ; catch estimation ; catch per unit effort ; statistical surveys ; hydrological cycle ; sahel drought ; fish population dynamics .
detailed investigation of these fisheries based on monthly data collection for cpue , total fishing effort and total catch . correlation between drought and declining catch demonstrated . fish populations also became unstable and more diverse with the onset of drought . all fishing activity had ceased by april 1973 .
144 . quensiere , j . ( 1979 ) synthèse des connaissances scientifiques sur la pêche et l ' hydrologie du lac tchad et les effets de la sécheresse . [ synthesis of scientific knowledge on the fishery and hydrology of lake chad and the effects of the drought . ] . fao ( rome ) / cifa , occass . doc . cpca no . 8 . 18p . fr . 80 ref .
general appraisal ( fisheries ) ; lake chad ; fisheries resources and production ; hydrological cycle ; sahel drought .
a comprehensive summary of scientific knowledge on the fishery and hydrology of the chad basin by an experienced researcher in the chad basin .
145 . quensiere , j . ( 1981 ) de l ' intérêt que présente l ' approche synécologique dans les études d ' aménagement halieutique ( étude du renouvellement des stocks lacustres tchadiens par la plaine d ' inondation du nord - cameroun . ) . [ the synecological approach in fishery management studies ( study of the replenishment of stocks in lake chad using the north cameroons floodplain . ) . ] seminar on river basin management and development in africa , blantyre , malawi , 8–10 dec . 1980 . cifa ( fao , rome ) , tech pap . no . 8 : 173–199 . fr . 5 ref .
fisheries resources and production ; chad basin ; stock assessment ; research methodology ; fish population dynamics ; ecosystems ( overview ) ; fish habitats ; biotopes ; fish resource surveys .
the fish stocks of lake chad and north cameroons floodplain are assessed using a programme of sample surveys ; the relationship between the two water habitat types in supporting a viable fisheries resource within the chad basin ecosystem is examined .
146 . richards , l . g . w . ( 1979 ) report prepared for the improvement of fish processing and transport project on lake chad , nigeria . fao ( rome ) , fisheries dept . 24p . en .
fishing technology ; lake chad ; fishing boats ; mechanization ; outboard engines ; outboard engine maintenance ; training .
undp project report on the possibilities for mechanization at lake chad and the training needs for outboard engine maintenance and repair services .
147 . robinson , a . h . and robinson , p . k . ( 1969b ) a comparative study of the food habits of micralestes acutidens and alestes dageti ( pisc : characidae ) from the northern basin of lake chad . bull . inst . fr . afr . noire , 31 , ser . a : 951–964 . en .


terlingua ( february 7 , 1976 – april 29 , 2008 ) was an american thoroughbred bred in kentucky by tom gentry .

she was a chestnut filly from the second crop of triple crown winner secretariat .

terlingua was out of a crimson satan mare , crimson saint , who was a graded stakes winner as well as a very successful broodmare .

besides terlingua , crimson saint produced 1990 ireland champion 3yr-old and european champion 3yr-old miler royal academy and the grade one stakes winner ( full brother ) pancho villa along with four other winners , one of which was a minor stakes winner with another that was stakes placed .

terlingua was a record-breaking stakes winner , but she is most notable as the dam of the two-time leading north american sire storm cat .

terlingua was known as the crown princess .

terlingua ( horse )

terlingua ( secretariat ex crimson saint ) during her racing career . | famous race horse terlingua ! | pinterest | horse , race horses and thoroughbred horse
our horse corral with pens , turnout paddocks and loading chute coupled with our dry horse trailer camping ▶ facilities completes our equestrian accommodations .
horse racing : death of terlingua , dam of outstanding sire storm cat , at 32 ; bloodstock world .
horse racing : death of terlingua , dam of outstanding sire storm cat , at 32 ; bloodstock world . - free online library
horse racing : tattersalls millions pounds 2 , 200 , 000 ; bloodstock world guineas breeder profile .
students play tag on the playground at the terlingua school in terlingua , tx on april 22 , 2015 .
terlingua at work , showing the form that reminded penny chenery of secretariat . photo reprinted here with the permission of inger drysdale . copyright the blood - horse .
terlingua ( secretariat ex crimson saint ) during her racing career . | great race horses of the past and present | pinterest | horse , race horses and thoroughbre…
have you ever fallen in love with a very special horse , a horse who spoke to your heart ? dedicated to all those who have had this experience — at least once ! — and particularly to the community of zenyatta . com , this is a story of just how magical the spirit of one horse can be… . .
trainer d . wayne lukas hand walks his champion filly . photo by milton toby . copyright the blood - horse .
mla style :
horse racing : death of terlingua , dam of outstanding sire storm cat , at 32 ; bloodstock world . .
the free library . 2008 mgn ltd 09 jul . 2018 urltoken
second and third grade students play on the tires in the playground at the terlingua school in terlingua , tx on april 22 , 2015 .
chicago style : the free library . s . v . horse racing : death of terlingua , dam of outstanding sire storm cat , at 32 ; bloodstock world . .
retrieved jul 09 2018 from urltoken
secretariat was known in life as a horse with a large
heart .
however , before his burial , he was necropsied at the university of kentucky . dr . thomas swerczek , the veterinarian who performed the necropsy , claims that he found that secretariat ' s heart was the largest he had ever seen in a horse—approximately twice the size of a normal horse ' s heart . dr . swerczek states in correspondence :
in addition to terlingua , the triple crown winner ' s top offspring included hopeful and travers winner general assembly , horse of the year lady ' s secret , as well as the classic winner and champion risen star .
while ashford ' s focus has been on preparing american pharoah for his soon - to - begin stud career , the farm also has worked to keep the popular horse accessible to the public , offering tours via horse country inc . , and launching new social media channels to share photos and news .
horse racing : format in vogue as fledgling sale aims to build on impressive debut last year ; bloodstock world rachel pagones previews the tattersalls . . .
an amazing , unbelievable performance by this miracle horse—and look at mrs . tweedy ! ( laughing ) she ' s having the time of her life !
secretariat was awarded the eclipse award for horse of the year , the most prestigious honor in racing , both as a two - year - old ( the first horse so honored at that age ) and as a three - year - old . secretariat demonstrated his superiority on grass with wins in the canadian international stakes and the man o ' war stakes against older horses . his performance on grass earned him the eclipse award for outstanding male turf horse .
truenicks was developed in partnership by blood - horse llc and pedigree consultants , llc . truenicks reports are powered by the jockey club information systems , inc .
all the latest horse racing form , betting odds , news , breeding , jockey and trainer information for fantastic knight ( nzl ) . fantastic knight ( nzl ) is a gelding born in 2005 september 26 by fantastic light out of terlingua light
apa style : horse racing : death of terlingua , dam of outstanding sire storm cat , at 32 ; bloodstock world . . ( n . d . ) > the free library . ( 2014 ) . retrieved jul 09 2018 from urltoken
though not a big racing fan , i was playing hookey from work that day in september , 1978 and was at del mar , mainly to see one race , the del mar debutante , and one horse , terlingua . whenever i did go to the track , i was a 2 dollar better . today , i put $ 200 . 00 , on the nose of terlingua . the rest is history , and she paid $ 2 . 20 across the board . wonderful horse .
locals gather on the porch of the terlingua trading company next to starlight theatre in terlingua , tx to talk , drink and listen to musicians play on april 21 , 2015 .
terlingua is more of a family than a . . . more
miles adams , right , plays guitar and sings next to two locals on the porch of the terlingua trading company in terlingua , tx on april 21 , 2015 . adams lives in terlingua and has been helping his father build a house there . less
miles adams , right , plays guitar and sings next to two locals on the porch of the terlingua trading company in terlingua , tx on april 21 , 2015 . adams lives in terlingua and has been helping his father build a . . . more
storm cat , shown , is the most famous of terlingua ' s 11 foals .
9th u . s . triple crown champion ( 1973 ) u . s . horse of the year ( 1972 & 1973 ) leading broodmare sire in north america ( 1992 )
terlingua , out of the crimson satan mare crimson saint , will be buried at overbrook .
locals gather on the porch of the terlingua trading company next to starlight theatre in terlingua , tx to talk , drink and listen to musicians play on april 21 , 2015 .
terlingua is more of a family than a town ,
pat o ' bryan said . less
crimson saint , terlingua’s dam , was a brilliant sprinter who was trained by wayne lukas’ father .
terlingua lost the championship , which was awarded jointly to it’s in the air and candy eclair .
terlingua ranch lodge 16000 terlingua ranch rd po box 638 terlingua tx 79852 - 0638 432 - 371 - 3146 office 432 - 371 - 2244 cafe 432 - 371 - 2960 security 432 - 371 - 2229 fax 29 . 4525654 , - 103 . 3941576 map info [ at ] urltoken email
it should be noted that , like all racetrack excuses , there are reasons to doubt the explanations offered for secretariat ' s losses . there is a saying that
around the racetrack , excuses are for losers and sore bettors
because they are always offered by owners , trainers , and riders to deflect the blame when what was thought to be the best horse loses a race . [ 2 ] and william nack , who was secretariat ' s hagiographer , has a great incentive not to write anything negative about the horse—he was given
unprecedented access
to the horse and his connections . [ 3 ]
it was an unforgettable zenyatta moment as she caught up with the leader , musical romance , and won by a nose at the wire . it had to be the most amazing horse race i have witnessed .
marie : i honour & love ruffian . the quote came from blood - horse . but the point of the article was how my love for terlingua re - awakened me to my childhood passion of loving horses and especially , the thoroughbred . i have another article devoted only to ruffian that i wrote awhile back .
we ' re extremely lucky to have the horse ,
coolmore ' s m . v . magnier said of the stallion deal the day american pharoah arrived at ashford .
and in fairness to [ trainer bob baffert ] , from the outset , a long time ago , he was telling us how good this horse was and that we should try and get him . and thankfully , we got a deal done with the zayats , and they ' re very good people . he ' s just an exceptional horse , everything about him . hopefully , we ' ll do half as good a job as bob has .
lukas had always said terlingua was incredibly smart , and those close to her at overbrook confirmed that assessment .
scanlan , lawrence . the horse god built : the untold story of secretariat , the world ' s greatest racehorse . new york : thomas dunne books / st . martin ' s press , 2007 . isbn 9780312367244
general assembly won the hopeful , and yet , if anything , terlingua was more highly regarded than the colt .
dean , who ran the starlight for a decade , fears that terlingua’s image will be distorted by reality television .
on october 16 , 1999 , in the winner ' s circle at keeneland race course in lexington , kentucky , the united states postal service honored the great horse , unveiling a 33 - cent postage stamp with his image .
“i’ve spent 35 years promoting terlingua as a destination for tourists and travelers to the big bend . even though they offered me money to use terlingua as a location , i said , ' no thank you , ’” he added .
hi abigail , thank you for teaching me about terlingua , i’d heard about her in passing in relation to d . wayne lukas , but never knew who she really was . i always thought that lady’s secret was big red’s premier daughter , but now i know terlingua was also ! it has always been said that ‘the heart of a champion is passed down to his daughter’ ! but it looks to me , that because secretariat’s heart was twice the size of a normal horse’s heart , that he passed it down to both terlingua and lady’s secret ! how amazing ! ! !
in the summer of 1978 . “i could see the cross of that large horse ( secretariat ) on that mare with all that conformation for speed ( crimson saint ) , and i had a picture of her in my mind . ”
war admiral ' s champions were led by horse of the year busher , who propelled him to leading sire honors , while count fleet sired a pair of belmont stakes - winning horse of the year honorees in consecutive seasons in counterpoint and one count . the only triple crown winner to sire a triple crown winner was gallant fox ( 1930 ) , sire of omaha ( 1935 ) . affirmed , a solid international sire , was represented by 1993 canadian triple crown winner peteski .
terlingua produced 11 foals , including additional graded stakes winner chapel of dreams . another of her offspring , pioneering , stands at stud at overbrook . terlingua’s last foal , 8 - year - old final legacy , is a broodmare at overbrook .
terlingua pictured here as a yearling , in a brochure produced by tom gentry promoting her forthcoming sale at keeneland in 1977 .
john holroyd stands looking at one of his redwood tables in la kiva bar in terlingua , tx on april 21 , 2015 . holroyd , who has been coming to terlingua since 1982 , recently purchased the bar . its previous . . . more
casimiro foster , left , and will dawkins jump down off of a boulder in big bend national park near terlingua , tx on april 23 , 2015 . foster and dawkins both live in terlingua and work together at the starlight . . . more
will dawkins , left , and casimiro foster jump down off of a boulder in big bend national park near terlingua , tx on april 23 , 2015 . foster and dawkins both live in terlingua and work together at the starlight . . . more
more disturbing is the show’s announced plan to use a recent and tragic local homicide as a window into terlingua’s troubled soul .
will dawkins and casimiro foster ' s dog roxy hike in big bend national park near terlingua , tx on april 23 , 2015 . foster and dawkins both live in terlingua and work together at the starlight theatre .
i came . . . more
i located old issues of the blood - horse and thoroughbred times on ebay and began to collect the ones that recorded terlingua’s personal history . this collection would take another 3 or 4 years to complete , during which time i made some quite wonderful “virtual” friendships with people who would actually notify me if “anything terlingua” came up . deb strother became my “eyes on the ground , ” locating back issues about terlingua for me ; without her help and guidance , i would never have learned much about secretariat’s talented daughter , other than what seemed her only claim to fame : she was the dam of storm cat , foaled in 1983 .
terlingua and her young jockey , darryl mchargue , come to the wire ahead of the field to set still another track record .
her next victory , in the del mar debutante on september 3 , 1978 , gave her a record of 4 wins in as many starts . in an article headlined , “the west’s filly still unbeaten , ” robert hebert of the blood - horse began :
“it’s a tragedy on both sides of the aisle here . they are taking something that is very painful to us and hideous to the families , and turning it into a sideshow , ” said linda walker , a longtime resident and owner of horse stables .
when meredith became barn foreman , she also used the “terlingua test” on new employees . “she was a really smart girl , ” she said , explaining that once a new employee passed the test by holding on , terlingua never tried it again with that individual .
in 1973 , jerry jeff walker and the lost gonzo band put it on the cultural map with his “viva terlingua , ” album .
at the end of 1978 , terlingua was runner - up to co - champions candy éclair ( 1976 ) and it’s in the air ( 1976 ) in the eclipse balloting . however , as edward l . bowen , writing in the blood - horse’s “ thoroughbreds of 1978” concluded , “her unbeaten status has been shattered , but she remains the most exciting of the juvenile fillies of her season . ”
terlingua foaled her most significant racehorses early in her career , but as the dam of storm cat , she continued as one of the most famed and respected broodmares at overbrook . and the farm still owns the last of terlingua ' s daughters , the boston harbor mare final legacy .
storm cat was a once - in - a - lifetime horse and the key to the success that overbrook farm enjoyed . my father often said that storm cat made him look like a genius ,
overbrook farm owner william t . young jr . said in a statement .
all these famous sons and daughters of secretariat are gone . terlingua lived so long that she is the final chapter among those racers and producers .
( hrtv’s inside information did a piece on terlingua shortly before her death , on april 29 , 2008 , at the age of 32 . )
ric waldman , consultant to overbrook farm , said
terlingua represented an era at overbrook . in addition to being the dam of storm cat , she was part of a significant three - horse package that mr . young purchased in the early days of overbrook . the others were cinegita , from whom flanders and surfside came , and the other was three troikas ,
who won the arc de triomphe and produced group winner three angels .
rachel blake looks on as jeff craven holds their son logan ' s hand during lunch at the rio bravo mexican restaurant in terlingua , tx on april 22 , 2015 .
the reality show seems pretty fake if you ask us ,
jeff said . the family lives in terlingua . less
secretariat , who spent his entire stud career at claiborne farm , never came close to replicating his own awe - inspiring accomplishments , but he did sire 1986 horse of the year lady ' s secret and 1988 dual classic winner risen star . he was also a leading broodmare sire , and made a lasting impact on the breed through daughters terlingua , the dam of storm cat , and weekend surprise , dam of a . p . indy .
john holroyd stands looking at one of his redwood tables in la kiva bar in terlingua , tx on april 21 , 2015 . holroyd , who has been coming to terlingua since 1982 , recently purchased the bar . its previous owner , glen felts , was found murdered there in february 2014 . less
he ' s [ turned out ] first thing in the morning - - actually , i lunge him first before he ' s turned out at 6 : 30 ,
stallion manager richard barry said of the horse ' s routine .
we ' ve bred him to a couple of mares , and he ' s done that late morning and then early afternoon , and he ' s settled in really well . everything is no problem at all . he ' s as laid - back a horse as you ' d ever want . he ' s great in the breeding shed .
on tuesday , during the shooting of a scene at the edge of terlingua , “badlands” producer adam bradley spoke briefly with a reporter , while nearby his cameraman was filming scenes involving a rattlesnake . the snake was repeatedly positioned and repositioned near a “terlingua ghostown” sign by tim knight , a locally hired man .
( there are precious few video records of terlingua on the track . in this one she is shown racing — although the tape ends rather abruptly ! )
it ' s unbelievable ,
magnier said of american pharoah ' s career .
it ' s been [ 37 ] years since the last one , and it ' s a massive thing . it ' s a massive thing for everyone to get a chance to breed to this horse now .
locating even a scrap of information about her turned out to be an arduous task . the web was young in the 1990’s and lacked depth in many areas : horse racing was one . but very gradually , over months and years of dogged research , a path to terlingua opened up . my first “sighting” of her was on a pedigree site where i saw a photograph of terlingua as a broodmare , at her home , overbrook farm . even though she was in foal in the photo , her resemblance to secretariat was unmistakeable . she had his head , though not his ears , as well as his powerful hindquarters . i determined that i wanted a copy of this elegant photograph of the chestnut - red terlingua against a background of fall foliage , her beautiful face turned toward the camera .
terlingua by secretariat , out of crimson saint by crimson satan . she was said to truly be “her father’s daughter . ” named for the texas town famous for its hot chili , terlingua started burning up the track her first time out . considered one of the fastest fillies of her generation , she became the darling of california racing fans . she launched quarter horse trainer d . wayne lukas on his new career racing thoroughbreds . unbeaten as a two - year - old out west , terlingua tasted her first defeat in the east . she reignited as a three - year - old and won several more races until she sustained a slab fracture in her right knee at age four . then , as a broodmare , “the brilliant daughter of secretariat” outdid herself again , producing the incredible storm cat . he became one of the most influential stallions in racing , with a stud fee of $ 500 , 000 at one time . terlingua lived to be 32 .
hrtv ' s superb profile on terlingua , mother of the amazingly prolific storm cat . she passed away on april 29th , 2008 . rip , beautiful girl .
as i grieved , i began a search for additional secretariat memorabilia . and somewhere along the way , i read that penny chenery had observed that of all secretariat’s offspring it was the filly , terlingua ( 1976 ) , who most reminded her of him . my curiosity peaked , i set off in search of terlingua .
doug blackmon , a local who is working with original productions , drinks a beer in the high sierra bar in terlingua , tx on april 21 , 2015 .
some fear that “badlands , ” planned as an eight - part series on the national geographic channel , will make terlingua into a duck dynasty of the desert .
ivey said folks feel that terlingua is the last connection to an authentic past and is too important a place to be the subject of a reality television show .
then , a few years ago , “when storm cat ' s health was declining , ” young recalled , “we took blood and tissue samples from the horse , and we shared those with the uk gluck equine research center , to develop a baseline of data about storm cat ' s genetics , and with crestview . ”
so far the only u . s . classic victory for horse sired by a son or grandson of storm cat is that achieved by shackleford ( truenicks , sro ) in the 2011 preakness stakes . still , his u . s . runners did also include a breeders ' cup classic ( gr . i ) hero in cat thief ( truenicks , sro ) and a pair of champion 2 - year - old fillies in storm flag flying and sweet catomine . in europe he had a pair of classic winners in black minnaloushe and nebraska tornado , and a european horse of the year in giant ' s causeway ( truenicks , sro ) .
pensioned after the 2000 breeding season , terlingua made a lasting contribution to contemporary breeding with her remarkably successful son and to the reputation of secretariat as a broodmare sire .
as i followed the “terlingua trail” my passion for thoroughbreds made itself known — and this time , as a lady in her 40’s , i was no longer apologetic .
chris young of overbrook farm confirmed that storm cat , the powerful dark bay son of storm bird and terlingua ( by secretariat ) , “has indeed been cloned . ”
caroline gore sits for a portrait in her home in terlingua , tx on april 23 , 2015 .
it is tough living here , but it is so much more rewarding ,
she said .
you just need so much less in a place like this .
gore has lived in terlingua for 24 years . less
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children of secretariat : the flying filly responsible for storm cat | topics : terlingua , overbrook farm , secretariat , storm cat , d . wayne lukas | thoroughbred racing commentary
still , well into the 1980s , terlingua was little more than an outpost of hippies , river guides and other dropouts sharing the rocky ruins with the lizards and vinegaroons .
in 2005 , secretariat appeared once more in espn classic ' s show who ' s no . 1 ? . in the list of
greatest sports performances
( by individual athletes ) , the horse was the only non - human on the list , his run at belmont ranking second behind wilt chamberlain ' s 100 - point game .
of course , i didn’t really notice a community sprouting up all around me — i was just concentrating on nurturing my love for terlingua . but in trusting myself to follow her , terlingua carried me into a new world — into a landscape of hope and promise and delight , where the girl and the woman walk hand - in - hand .
while there is now an extensive literature debating whether the x factor and heart size has a connection to athletic performance in racehorses , there is nonetheless reason to doubt the veracity of dr . swerczek ' s particular story about secretariat . the story of phar lap ' s enlarged heart , which was detected after an autopsy performed after that horse ' s mysterious death , was well publicized ( it appears in the encyclopedia of american racing , published in 1959 ) , and would have been known by any important equine veterinarian who worked with racehorses . further , dr . swerczek admits that he did not actually weigh the heart , and no pictures exist of the alleged organ . also , what are the odds that the horse with the alleged second largest heart would be another 1970 foal who was secretariat ' s chief rival in the triple crown races ? as secretariat is a popular horse , the desire to say that he had
heart
in the metaphorical sense is understandable ; whether he had
heart
in the literal sense is unproven .
it then veers off into fiction , according to some locals , when it makes the claim that “terlingua is effectively closed off to outsiders ; strangers are eyed with suspicion . ”
the culture of the 1960’s was such that i was persuaded ( like most of my girlfriends ) to give up childhood passions as part of the ritual of becoming a young woman . it was as though we each had to make a personal sacrifice in order to be considered an adult , a person who had left the interests and impulses of our “former selves” behind . for me , that meant divesting myself of horses , “classic” comic books and barbie . so i put my c . w . anderson , walter farley and marguerite henry books away , along with my breyer horses , horse scrapbooks and a handful of horse stories that i had written and illustrated myself when i was a girl of twelve .
trainer d . wayne lukas had selected terlingua at auction at the keeneland july sale and purchased her for $ 275 , 000 for the partnership of barry beal and l . r . french jr . terlingua had the type of body - blocky and strongly muscled - that became identified as the type that lukas purchased during his early years as a leading trainer .
from bill ivey , owner of most of the ghost town , to local journalists and businessmen , many with a deep stake in terlingua are telling original productions to take a hike .
c . c . krull talks to her husband robert krull as he smokes a cigar on the porch of the starlight theatre in terlingua , tx on april 20 , 2015 . although they have been staying at the study butte rv park , they are building a home in terlingua because they fell in love with the place , c . c . krull said . less
and terlingua did not let him down on the racetrack . she began by winning the nursery , the hollywood lassie , the hollywood juvenile championship over colts , and the del mar debutante .
terri : thanks so much for leaving these comments on the terlingua article . i agree that terlingua’s legacy has been assured and i do try to keep up with it . i know that danthebluegrassman ( pioneering ) is now at old friends and also was interested in the white fox , another of pioneering’s progeny . of course , there are the storm cats , right ? giant’s causeway is a love of mine and certainly looks quite a bit like terlingua during her youth . and chapel of dreams , a daughter of terlingua , was rescued by myself & case clay and is now living out her years in peace at three chimneys . i will definitely take a look at sassy image because it always interests me to see whether or not these descendants of “my girl” look like her & especially through the withers . and it will be nice to see a “terlingua” hitting the track in 2011 ! thanks so much for telling me about her , terri .
i forgot to mention , inglorious the canadian filly , who beat the boys in the queens plate stakes : she is also a great great granddaughter of terlingua . she will be running in the alabama stakes at saratoga the same day sassy image is racing in the ballerina stakes . there might be 3 terlingua ancestors running in the breeders cup this year ; wouldn’t that be something .
returned to sprinting two weeks later , terlingua was second by a nose in the starlet at hollywood . then came two fourth - place finishes , and it was time for a long rest .
terlingua , tx as seen from the top of a hill overlooking the town shortly after dawn on april 22 , 2015 . the chisos mountains of big bend national park stand in the distance .
eventually , people with money and ideas began arriving , and now terlingua is rocking again . a celebration of opportunistic , unregulated development , it would be unrecognizable to survivors of that bygone era .
lexington , ky . - thirty years ago , terlingua started the hearts of secretariat ' s legion of fans beating with the hope that their champion was breeding on as he had raced . terlingua - fierce and fast daughter of his chestnut perfection and crimson saint - died this week at age 32 and was buried at overbrook farm , where she spent almost the entirety of her broodmare career .
lukas then took terlingua on the road . she finished third in the g1 frizette at belmont park and second in the g2 alcibiades at keeneland , and suddenly she was no longer an undefeated sensation .
overbrook broodmare manager r . t . blackburn took advantage of that mischievous nature to test new employees - terlingua would challenge anyone who tried to take her out of the stall for the first time .
his race records in the derby and the belmont stand to this day ; his run in the belmont is not only a race record but still the fastest time ever run at the distance of a mile and a half ( 2 . 4 km ) on a dirt track . indeed , no horse has ever come within 1 2 / 5 seconds ( approximately 5 - 6 lengths at 1 1 / 2 miles ) of secretariat ' s time , and the second fastest belmont stakes time is a full 2 seconds slower . were the official preakness time disregarded , and the word of the daily racing form clockers accepted , it could be said that he set a new speed record in each of the triple crown races , and he would have been the only horse in history to do so .
terlingua raced throughout her career for barry beal and l . r . french jr . she retired with seven wins and four runner - up efforts from 17 races and earnings of $ 423 , 896 .
you are such an amazing writer . i am so glad i’ve found this blog to learn more about this sport i love so much . i didn’t know anything about terlingua before today ! thank you !
thus , the recent appearance of a production crew from california working on a reality show with a dubious premise — that terlingua is an outpost of suspicious , standoffish outliers — has triggered a protective backlash .
“it’s my town and my friends , and i know what they are going to do , make us look like idiots , ” said buckner cooke , a former reality show cameraman who lives in terlingua .
abigail , thank you so much for introducing me to terlingua . from your tribute to her it is easy to see why she touched your heart . i’ve learned so much from the vault . every horse you’ve written about has now a little place in my heart because your writing is heartfelt and getting to know these horses has been a wonderful journey for me . to date the one that has touched me the most personally is ‘shine on : the story of your host . i hope you never tire of writing as we all love what you have treated us to and because we all love horses so very much .
my best girl .
terlingua as a broodmare at overbrook farm , captured by the lens of lydia a . williams ( law ) . photo reprinted here with the permission of law . copyright law .
while armed and edgy conspiracy types can be found in the back country off texas 118 and other hidden pockets , don’t look for them in the old ghost town of terlingua , now a booming tourist mecca .
after the better part of a decade , we will know whether the storm cat clone will be a success in this new venture and will add an asterisk to the history and legacy of terlingua ' s son .
a videographer for original productions films a rattlesnake falling from the
terlingua ghostown
sign at the entrance of the town on april 21 , 2015 . the videographer requested that the rattlesnake be placed . . . more
will dawkins and casimiro foster ' s dog roxy hike in big bend national park near terlingua , tx on april 23 , 2015 . foster and dawkins both live in terlingua and work together at the starlight theatre .
i came out here to the national park and liked the area , so i moved here ,
dawkins said .
the people at the starlight were very nice and hired me right away .
less
terlingua ranch lodge resort is a uniquely remote far west texas big bend vacation lodging , holiday getaway travel destination and pet - friendly hotel / motel / inn alternative featuring ( a ) rustic cabin guest rooms , pull - through and back - in rv sites , tent campgrounds , and horse accommodations , ( b ) a convenient airstrip , restaurant / cafe , swimming pool and other amenities , ( c ) engaging activities and entertainment including atv / orv exploring , hiking , biking , motorcycle and horseback riding , and stargazing , and ( d ) stunningly scenic attractions such as big bend national park , big bend ranch state park and the christmas mountains .
furthermore , secretariat ' s daughters have produced leading sires gone west ( out of stakes winner secrettame ) , a . p . indy ( out of stakes winner weekend surprise ) , and storm cat ( terlingua ) .
on a clear night , many constellations can be seen above the starlight theatre in terlingua , tx . the starlight theatre was once repurposed as a gathering place for parties and entertainment years after its roof . . . more
terlingua — there has never been a shortage of loners or oddballs in south brewster county , a bleak , isolated region that attracts errant souls seeking escape from modern society , a complicated past or even an inconvenient identity .
only four horses joined secretariat for the june 9 , 1973 , running of the belmont stakes , including sham , who had finished second in both the derby and preakness . with so few horses in the race , and with secretariat expected to win , no
show
bets were taken . before a crowd of 67 , 605 , secretariat and sham set a blistering early pace , opening a 10 - length cushion on the others . but while sham faded after the halfway mark ( ultimately finishing last ) , secretariat astonished spectators by picking up the killing pace–eventually straining the television cameras ' wide - angle capability as they struggled to keep the distant challengers in the same frame . turcotte has said in documentaries that he could sense the horse wanted to be let loose , and he did so , letting the horse shift into
high gear
and run his own race .
nicknamed big red ( as he was a large chestnut horse like man o ' war ) , he won the kentucky derby by gradually moving up on the field in the backstretch , then overtaking rival sham in the middle of the dash for home . making secretariat ' s derby win more impressive was the fact that sham ' s time of 1 : 59 4 / 5 equaled monarchos ' 2001 derby time , the second fastest in history .
waldman recalled that
mr . young bought these mares to breed to storm bird , and to the cover of storm bird , cinegita and terlingua both made their mark by producing storm cat and the dam of flanders .
casimiro foster , left , and will dawkins jump down off of a boulder in big bend national park near terlingua , tx on april 23 , 2015 . foster and dawkins both live in terlingua and work together at the starlight theatre .
i came out here to the national park and liked the area , so i moved here ,
dawkins said .
the people at the starlight were very nice and hired me right away .
less
will dawkins , left , and casimiro foster jump down off of a boulder in big bend national park near terlingua , tx on april 23 , 2015 . foster and dawkins both live in terlingua and work together at the starlight theatre .
i came out here to the national park and liked the area , so i moved here ,
dawkins said .
the people at the starlight were very nice and hired me right away .
less
“i’ll tell ’em to go straight to hell . reality shows are not reality , and when you get involved with folks like this , you can expect crap , ” said angie dean , who came to terlingua in 1989 .
seattle slew made his mark on the breed by siring 1992 horse of the year a . p . indy . the latter has continued his legacy on the breed by siring multiple champions , finishing as last year ' s leading broodmare sire , and turning out multiple successful sons and grandsons at stud , including tapit . seattle slew also sired dual classic winner and champion swale and champions landaluce , slew o ' gold , capote , vindication , and surfside .
flint’s trial is expected to take two weeks , and in the way of small mercies to local sensibilities , no cameras or audio recording will be allowed in the courtroom in sierra blanca , more than 150 miles northwest of terlingua .
and terlingua was an important factor in this realization , as well . the mare ' s second foal was grade 1 stakes winner storm cat , and her third was grade 2 stakes winner chapel of dreams ( by northern dancer ) .
she is , for one thing , inbred 4×3 to the secretariat mare lady winborne and carries two more crosses to the 1973 triple crown winner through his daughters terlingua , dam of storm cat , and secrettame , dam of gone west .
throughout the cultural history of humankind , the horse is associated with inner journeys … . with travel between the worlds of mortality and immortality , typified by pegasus . in a similar vein , the jungian psychologist and storyteller , clarissa pinkola estes ( “women who run with the wolves” ) talks about how following one’s inner spirit results in a kind of personal journey that eventually leads us to our spiritual home , a place where we find others who are like ourselves and in whose company we restore and refresh our souls . secretariat was the first to call to me , shining his light into the darkness where i had excised my passion for horses . but it was terlingua who acted as my companion and guide .
emboldened , i varied my search vocabulary , until i came across equine photographer audrey crosby’s site . she had been to visit terlingua at overbrook and had taken a few photos which she had posted on her website . i contacted audrey and she very kindly gave me some insight into terlingua’s personality . she described the 17 year - old as either shy or indifferent to people — or both — but went on to talk about her pasture pal , island kitty ( 1976 ) the dam of champions shy tom ( 1986 ) and hennesy ( 1992 ) . it seemed that the two mares were devoted friends . and although my very first photos of terlingua came from audrey , she had not taken the much sought after picture that i had found on the pedigree website . there was , however , something about actually seeing terlingua that pulled at my heart strings . it was suddenly hugely important to read everything that i could get my hands on about her .
his blood flows through many other notable racehorses , including 2004 kentucky derby and preakness winner smarty jones , and he is most noted as a broodmare sire , being the broodmare sire of 1992 horse of the year and successful sire a . p . indy , secretariat ' s grandson through his daughter weekend surprise , who was sired by another triple crown winner , seattle slew . ap indy is the sire of 2007 belmont stakes winner rags to riches , the first filly to win at belmont since 1905 . secretariat is also the dam - sire of the great stallions storm cat ( by storm bird ) , through his daughter terlingua , herself an excellent racemare , and of gone west , through his daughter secrettame .
there was a magazine story many yrs ago ( in equus ? ) . about a tb mare who was found loose in ky ( ? ) and identified as a very fancy broodmare . was that terlingua ? the name rings a bell .
kyle garmany , left , sings with jeff haislip at the starlight theatre in terlingua , tx on april 20 , 2015 . garmany was traveling through from austin and joined in haislip ' s performance for a song even though . . . more
when i read the nearly off - hand comment that storm cat had been cloned last week in a vanity fair article profiling crestview genetics , i felt that electric sensation that the future was already here . or perhaps , the past was actually the future . then , rationalizing , my reaction was that someone had misspoken , had meant that a son or daughter of the most commercially dynamic sire of the past generation had actually been the horse cloned . not storm cat , surely .
while secretariat ' s first crop included group 1 winner dactylographer , the results from the second were much better . in addition to terlingua , there was a second top - class juvenile in the crop of 1976 , a colt named general assembly .
“we’re happy to have tourists . that’s how we live out here . my experience over the past 30 years is that terlingua has never been closed off to outsiders , ” said betty moore , who rents out rooms in the old miners’ homes .
the ongoing “badlands” spat is only the latest odd chapter in terlingua’s improbable history . a century ago , more than 1 , 000 people , most of them mexican miners , lived here , extracting mercury ore and enjoying some amenities of civilized life .
a man who goes by
jimbo
runs down a section of fm 170 that locals call
pepper ' s hill
in terlingua , tx on april 23 , 2015 . jimbo , who said he was former military , ran 12 miles .
robert krull , right , looks on as wayne brown , left , helps tomi hutton get onto a stool on the porch of the starlight theatre before taking her picture on april 20 , 2015 in terlingua , tx . both were visiting . . . more
“from just the cast of characters they have chosen , i feel they are going to depict terlingua as a perpetual burning man festival , with a stranger , psychotic twist to it , and i don’t want to be part of it , ” ivey said .
these words were to prove prophetic : in her first race of 1979 , the santa ynez stakes ( gr iii ) , terlingua defeated it’s in the air . reeling off seven furlongs in 1 : 21 and one - fifth , “the west’s sweetheart” chipped a fifth of a second off the track record , set by tallahto in 1973 . a description of the victory includes the lines , “…terlingua , moving smoothly and beautifully , turned for home just coasting in front…” she went on to win the la brea stakes and the las flores handicap and finished second in the santa susanna , starlet and sierre madre stakes at three and four . in the las flores , she defeated a field that included the future dams of lady’s secret ( 1982 ) , toussaud ( 1989 ) and sunday silence ( 1986 ) . on may 10 , 1980 , terlingua sustained a slab fracture to her right knee , following a workout at hollywood park . in the news of her retirement , terlingua was acknowledged as the “brilliant daughter of secretariat – crimson saint . ”
her 1987 foal died shortly after birth , when it was discovered that terlingua was ni - positive , a condition where a mare sometimes makes antibodies that destroy her nursing foal’s red blood cells . all her subsequent foals were placed on nurse mares as a precaution .
after world war ii , when all mining ceased , the population dispersed , leaving terlingua a true ghost town , stripped for salvage and abandoned . for years , starting in 1967 , it stirred only once a year , during the annual chili cook - off .
kelly : glad to hear from you and thank you so much for taking the time to write . as it turns out , i do know a few things about pancho villa . here’s a link to a site that shows the photo of him that i have in my collection : urltoken as you can see , he was a very , very good race horse and he died of an apparent heart attack 5 years ago . he had the cutest ears ! ! ! lord only knows where he got them from , since neither secretariat nor crimson saint had ears like this ! he was about terlingua’s size — a little larger — and had more of crimson saint in terms of his body - type . he also showed that he could handle distances longer than the usual for a sprinter .
rachel blake looks on as jeff craven holds their son logan ' s hand during lunch at the rio bravo mexican restaurant in terlingua , tx on april 22 , 2015 .
the reality show seems pretty fake if you ask us ,
jeff . . . more
storm cat ' s attraction in ireland would have been as a mid - priced son of storm bird , a horse whose offspring were then doing well in europe . the fact that his purchase was even a possibility underlines the fact that storm cat was not exactly regarded as a major commercial proposition for the u . s . sire ranks . he eventually remained at overbrook , beginning his stud career in 1988 at an advertised fee of $ 30 , 000 , although in the early years his seasons often traded at significantly lower prices .
just a week later in the la brea , another record fell as terlingua ran seven furlongs in 1 : 20 4 / 5 , almost two seconds faster than the previous stakes record and just 4 / 5 off the track record set a day earlier by spectacular bid .
c . c . krull talks to her husband robert krull as he smokes a cigar on the porch of the starlight theatre in terlingua , tx on april 20 , 2015 . although they have been staying at the study butte rv park , they are . . . more
linda : the story of your “personal triple crown” was just beautiful ! thanks so much for sharing it . and then to see nashua — wow ! he’s another great favourite of mine . i’m glad to hear that he knew he was royalty because he was always exactly that to me . i found him not only talented but beautiful as a “young man” and actually have a few photos of him in my thoroughbred photo collection . i am grateful that i have many “sisters” and even a few “brothers” out there with a desire to know as much as they can about thoroughbreds of today and yesteryear . zenyatta is really the first horse to move me the way secretariat & terlingua did . i love them all , but zenyatta reached out to me from the very start . she is really , really a precious gift !