the giant trevally , caranx ignobilis ( also known as the giant kingfish , lowly trevally , barrier trevally , ulua , or gt ) , is a species of large marine fish classified in the jack family , carangidae .

the giant trevally is distributed throughout the tropical waters of the indo-pacific region , with a range stretching from south africa in the west to hawaii in the east , including japan in the north and australia in the south .

two were documented in the eastern tropical pacific in the 2010s ( one captured off panama and another sighted at the galápagos ) , but it remains to be seen if the species will become established there .

the giant trevally is distinguished by its steep head profile , strong tail scutes , and a variety of other more detailed anatomical features .

it is normally a silvery colour with occasional dark spots , but males may be black once they mature .

it is the largest fish in the genus caranx , growing to a maximum known size of 170 cm ( 67 in ) and a weight of 80 kg ( 176 lbs ) .

the giant trevally inhabits a wide range of marine environments , from estuaries , shallow bays and lagoons as a juvenile to deeper reefs , offshore atolls and large embayments as an adult .

juveniles of the species are known to live in waters of very low salinity such as coastal lakes and upper reaches of rivers , and tend to prefer turbid waters .

the giant trevally is an apex predator in most of its habitats , and is known to hunt individually and in schools .

the species has some quite novel hunting strategies , including shadowing monk seals to pick off escaping prey , as well as using sharks to ambush prey .

the species reproduces in the warmer months , with peaks differing by region .

spawning occurs at specific stages of the lunar cycle , when large schools congregate to spawn over reefs and bays , with reproductive behaviour observed in the wild .

the fish grows relatively fast , reaching sexual maturity at a length of around 60 cm at three years of age .

the giant trevally is both an important species to commercial fisheries and a recognised gamefish , with the species taken by nets and lines by professionals and by bait and lures by anglers .

catch statistics in the asian region show hauls of 4,000 – 10,000 tonnes , while around 10,000 lbs of the species is taken in hawaii each year .

the species is considered poor to excellent table fare by different authors , although ciguatera poisoning is common in the fish .

dwindling numbers around the main hawaiian islands have also led to several proposals to reduce the catch of fish in this region .

giant trevally

meyer cg , holland kn , papastamatiou yp . seasonal and diel movements of giant trevally
information on the giant trevally is currently being researched and written and will appear here shortly .
* increased awareness of the need for conservation and management strategy for giant trevally in omani waters .
figure 2 . giant trevally are captured at night using pole & line , and fishing depths of 30 - 100m .
ben with an average sized hard fighting giant trevally , or gt , taken on spin gear . image : ben diggles
all species of trevally are well known for their determined and powerful fighting ability , making them excellent sportfish on light tackle . various species of trevally offer plenty of action , from the aggressive golden trevally ( gnathanodon speciosus ) of the tropics and the dirty fighting coastal silver trevally ( pseudocaranx dentex ) to the powerful giant trevally ( caranx ignoblis ) .
the giant trevally movement data obtained in this study will be used to shape management strategies for this important food and game fish .
the giant trevally is a powerful apex predator in most of its habitats , and is known to hunt individually and in schools .
they are also often targetted for recreational fishing . the giant trevally in particular is often killed to become a trophy on display .
the giant trevally dominantly eats other fishes and likes to prey in packs - explaining the vast numbers of the fish in this video .
figure 4 : ( a ) color dimorphism in giant trevally from school at rapture reef . ( b ) giant trevally school at rapture reef ( ffs atoll ) , may 23 2006 . photographs reproduced by permission of jill zamzow . from meyer et al . [ 49 ] .
c . g . meyer , k . n . holland , and y . p . papastamatiou , “seasonal and diel movements of giant trevally
the giant trevally can be recognised by its steep head profile , strong scutes on the straight , posterior portion of the lateral line and its large size . it is the largest species of trevally in australian waters .
the recent capture on march 18 of a giant trevally off the pacific coast of panama is certain to stun fishery biologists and recreational fishermen alike .
wetherbee bm , holland kn , meyer cg , lowe cg . use of a marine reserve in kaneohe bay , hawaii by the giant trevally ,
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( any angler catching what he or she believes to be a giant trevally off central america is encouraged to contact editor @ sportfishingmag . com . )
giant trevally are often confused for brassy trevally – caranx papuensis and although there are many similarities between the two species the brassy trevally is easily identified by its yellow fin colouration as opposed to the darker fins and body colouration of the gt . giant trevally generally have a much broader , deeper body shape to that of the brassy also . sharp tail scoots are present at the base of the tail and the mouth is extremely powerful with some nasty teeth present .
the heru cubera and heru skipjack , both excellent giant trevally lures . that red head / green body color has been excellent for me in various locations .
we are using an array of underwater listening receivers to study the long - term movements of giant trevally and answer key management questions , such as how far they range and what are their typical patterns of movement . this technology has already provided unprecedented insight into the scale and patterns of giant trevally movements in the remote north west hawaiian islands ( papahanaumokuakea marine national monument ) . giant trevally at remote nwhi atolls are site - attached to home ranges where they swim back and forth daily between separate day and night habitats . during the full moons in summer , giant trevally migrate up to 30km to reach traditional spawning grounds where they form large aggregations . we are now using this system to determine whether giant trevally show similar patterns of behavior in the main hawaiian islands ( mhi ) .
giant trevally is sought after for food . but catches have declined by 84 percent in the course of the last century , which implies the population is only getting smaller . if that ' s not enough to make you throw the fish back , remember that the hawaiians once revered the giant trevally as a god .
rising or full tides are best suited for targeting most inshore species including trevally .
giant trevally can be located from as far south as shark bay right up to the magnificent kimberley region throughout western australia and also parts of queensland and the northern territory .
giant trevally grow to a staggering 60kg in weight and measure up to 1 . 9m in length although a typical sized gt is around 10 – 15kg in most australian locations .
one species that has reached cult status in sportfishing circles in recent years is the giant trevally ( caranx ignobilis ) , better known as the
gt
by those who target them .
will giant trevally join their ranks as yet another great game fish available to anglers off central america ? that remains to be seen , but it is an interesting and for many fishermen tantalizing prospect .
this terrifying video shows a group of carnivorous gigantic trevally fish devouring a whole tuna within seconds .
the giant trevally a fish of many names is quickly becoming a premier target to hunt on the flats . it is an incredibly strong and ferocious reef fish that is aggressive and deliberate when hunting and takes no prisoners . it is a large member of the jack family and is also known as the giant kingfish , pacific jack fish , goyan fish , lowly trevally , barrier trevally , ulua in hawaii , mamulan in the marianas , rōnin - aji in japan and just plain gt for short .
think of the giant trevally as the mr . t of the oceans , a burly , aquatic intimidator , that ' s so voracious and powerful , it doesn ' t have anything to fear besides sharks and humans . known to anglers as the
gt ,
the giant trevally ranges in color from silver to jet black and grows to as much as 5 . 5 feet long and 175 pounds .
giant trevally are generally caught around coastal offshore reefs from the central wa coast north around to the central nsw coast . anglers target them with high quality , strong , lightweight outfits using large poppers and stickbait lures .
the giant trevally as its name suggests is the giant of the trevally species . its enormous size and incredible power have gained the gt a reputation of a tackle destroying monster ! they are a super aggressive predator that is capable of mind blowing surface strikes and is highly regarded around the world by many as being the hardest pulling sport fish imaginable . these bad boys are certainly not for the faint hearted or under gunned angler !
< p > a phenomenal underwater shot from matt jones of a giant trevally in the . . . < / p > < p > the post < a rel =
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< p > throwback to a great photo of jako lucas admiring a giant trevally in . . . < / p > < p > the post < a rel =
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< p > giant trevally attacked by barracuda from aos fly fishing on vimeo . another salty . . . < / p > < p > the post < a rel =
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the giant trevally ( caranx ignobilis ) , better known in south africa by its common name , the giant kingfish , is considered an iconic top predator on coral and rocky reefs across the indo - pacific and is heavily targeted by recreational , commercial and artisanal fisheries . c . ignobilis has been overfished in the most - studied part of its range ( hawaii , usa ) , which raises concern for its status in less - studied areas , including the western indian ocean , where significant knowledge gaps concerning basic aspects of giant trevally biology remain .
da silva , i . m . , hempson , t . and hussey , n . e . 2014 . giant trevally spawning aggregation highlights importance of community fisheries management no - take zone . marine biodiversity : 2 .
< p > a nice christmas island giant trevally release photo from hawaii guide , jesse cheape ! . . . < / p > < p > the post < a rel =
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< p > an excellent shot of a christmas island giant trevally . what a beast of . . . < / p > < p > the post < a rel =
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also known as barrier trevally , black ulua , giant kingfish , giant ulua , goyan fish , great trevally , horse mackerel , horse mackerel trevally , jackfish , kingfish , lowly trevally , trevallies , white ulua , yellowfin jack . found singly over rock and sandy areas of clearwater lagoons and seaward reefs . they feed nocturnally on large crustaceans like crabs and lobsters as well as fish . juveniles found in estuaries . length - 120cm depth - 0 - 180m widespread indo pacific jacks are fast swimming fish that can roam over great distances . the larger fish hunt other fish and the smaller fish eat zooplankton . in turn they are hunted by large tuna and dolphins .
< p > the seychelles is the place for giant trevally , and the crew at aos . . . < / p > < p > the post < a rel =
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< p > another great new video from kast takes on giant trevally in the south . . . < / p > < p > the post < a rel =
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< p > if anyone has been looking for increased motivation to pursue giant trevally ( gts ) . . . < / p > < p > the post < a rel =
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giant trevally baits i never fish for them with bait but i know in hawaii octopus and eels are popular baits to use from shore . i ' m sure various live and dead baitfish like mullet and flying fish work . where to get the big giant trevally the great barrier reef and new caledonia have some big ones that can be caught on poppers and stickbaits . indonesia has some good gt fishing , as does fiji and many of the remote pacific atolls . i have also heard about some good gt fishing in oman of all places . other giant trevally resources the above barely scratches the surface on how to catch giant trevally . the resources below will provide a wealth of information : urltoken is a great forum . everything you need to know , you can learn here . urltoken is the outfitter i used for my trip to new caledonia urltoken is probably the king of gts . not cheap but amazing trips .
lowe cg , wetherbee bm , meyer cg . using acoustic telemetry monitoring techniques to quantify movement patterns and site fidelity of sharks and giant trevally around french frigate shoals and midway atoll . atoll res bull . 2006 ; 543 : 281–303 .
< p > gangsters of the flats 2 & # 8211 ; fly fishing for giant trevally from the . . . < / p > < p > the post < a rel =
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c . g . lowe , b . m . wetherbee , and c . g . meyer , “using acoustic telemetry monitoring techniques to quantity movement patterns and site fidelity of sharks and giant trevally around french frigate shoals and midway atoll , ”
the giant trevally ( caranx ignobilis ) is a powerful oceanic predator fish also known as the gt for short . it’s also called the giant kingfish , the lowly trevally , or the barrier trevally . like the mustang gt muscle car , this gt has its own muscle power : strong and thick midsection , and is distinguished by its steep and blunt head shape , and 26 to 38 scutes ( sharp , bony plates ) along its lateral line . its color ranges from silver to black , and on those with darker color , it can have remarkable silvery - white patterns on its upper body .
< p > giant trevally aren & # 8217 ; t just big and fast & # 8212 ; they exhibit attractive physical characteristics . . . < / p > < p > the post < a rel =
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lowe cg , wetherbee bm , meyer cg ( 2006 ) using acoustic telemetry monitoring techniques to quantify movement patterns and site fidelity of sharks and giant trevally around french frigate shoals and midway atoll . atoll research bulletin . 543 : 281 - 303 .
< p > giant trevally at the lakshadweep islands ! from sportquest holidays : & # 8220 ; every now & # 38 ; then . . . < / p > < p > the post < a rel =
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meyer cg , holland kn , papastamatiou yp ( 2007 ) seasonal and diel movements of giant trevally ( caranx ignobilis ) at remote hawaiian atolls : implications for the design of marine protected areas . marine ecology progress series . 333 : 13 - 25 .
figure 3 . acoustically - tagged trevally range in size from 70 - 150cm total length ( 6 - 34 kg ) .
< p > gt hunt - official trailer from black fly eyes on vimeo . giant trevally in cosmoledo . . . < / p > < p > the post < a rel =
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top predators in the pmnm consume a wide variety of prey including invertebrates , fishes , marine mammals , turtles , and sea birds . giant trevally are the most abundant predator in the pmnm , and diet studies suggest their foraging activities significantly impact lower trophic levels [ 24 ] . their diet is dominated by reef fishes and invertebrates , including octopus and adult lobsters , but also includes pelagic species such as squid and mackerel scad ( decapterus macarellus ) . overall diet indicates giant trevally forage primarily in shallow - water reef habitats but also feed in open water [ 24 , 73 ] . their diet contains a large amount of nocturnally active prey indicating a significant amount of nighttime feeding by this species [ 24 ] . dietary overlap between giant and bluefin trevally ( another abundant reef - associated jack ) is moderate , with shallow - water reef fishes and small crustaceans , respectively , making larger and smaller contributions to bluefin trevally diet [ 24 ] . a low incidence of nocturnally active prey items and the absence of pelagic species suggest bluefin trevally are primarily diurnal foragers in shallow - water reef habitats . differences in foraging strategies and the ability of large adult giant trevally to feed on larger prey ( e . g . , adult lobsters ) may reduce niche overlap between these two sympatric species [ 24 , 73 ] .
< p > gt hunt - cosmoledo from black fly eyes on vimeo . chasing giant trevally in the . . . < / p > < p > the post < a rel =
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citation :
giant trevally , caranx ignobilis ~ marinebio . org .
marinebio conservation society . web . accessed monday , july 9 , 2018 . < urltoken > . last update : 1 / 14 / 2013 2 : 22 : 00 pm ~ contributor ( s ) : marinebio
in an exclusive report to sport fishing , panama fishing - resort manager olivier charpentier shares a photo of his catch — leaving no doubt of its identity as a giant trevally ( caranx ignobilis ) — that he caught on a popper off montuosa island ( clearly visible in the background ) .
figure 2 . horizontal ( left ) and vertical ( right ) movements of a giant trevally captured outside kealakekua bay . daytime and nighttime movements are indicated in yellow and black respectively . this tracks was obtained after the fish had been at liberty for 74 days after initial capture and tagging .
one of the most distinguishing features of the giant trevally , or ‘gt’ as they are commonly called on the reef , is its speed . giant trevally will hunt on their own , or in large schools , and have a top speed estimated at over 60 kilometres per hour . the species predominantly takes various fish as prey , although crustaceans , cephalopods and molluscs make up a considerable part of their diets in some regions . the species has some quite novel hunting strategies , including shadowing monk seals to pick off escaping prey , as well as using sharks to ambush other smaller fish .
abdussamad , e . m . , kasim , h . m . and balasubramanian , t . s . 2008 . distribution , biology and behaviour of the giant trevally , caranx ignobilis - a candidate species for mariculture . bangladesh journal of fisheries research 12 ( 1 ) : 89 - 94 .
leis , j . , hay , a . , clark , d . , chen , i . and shao , k . 2006 . behavioral ontogeny in larvae and early juveniles of the giant trevally ( caranx ignobilis ) ( pisces : carangidae ) . fishery bulletin 104 : 401 - 414 .
meyer , c . g . , holland , k . n . and papastamatiou , y . p . 2007 . seasonal and diel movements of giant trevally caranx ignobilis at remote hawaiian atolls : implications for the design of marine protected areas . marine ecology progress series 333 : 13 - 25 .
wetherbee , b . m . , holland , k . n . , meyer , c . g . and lowe , c . g . 2004 . use of a marine reserve in kaneohe bay , hawaii by the giant trevally , caranx ignobilis . fisheries research 67 : 253 - 263 .
physical description : trevally have deep , flat bodies that are silver to white in colour . they have large lips but no biting teeth . size : trevally range in size depending on the species . silver trevally grow from 500g to 10kg , golden trevally grow to 4kg - 8kg , and giant trevally can be anywhere between 1kg and 25kg . habitat : trevally occupy both coastal and offshore waters . the best way to spot trevally is to search for places where an obstruction has created eddies , as they tend to lay in wait for food in these areas . try the corner of an island where the current sweeps past a rocky outcrop or the junction where two streams meet in the mangroves . hint ! look for trawlers tied up and dumping trash as trevally know that this will attract potential food items . how to catch : bait - trevally hit both baits and lures hard and keep going hard until they break the line , pull the hook or are caught , and this is what makes catching them such great fun . generally , they prefer baits of yabbies , small poddy mullet , herrings , peeled prawns , whitebait , worms , pipis , and winter whiting . lures to try include medium to deep diving lures , small chrome jigs and leadheads . rod and reel - a medium to fast taper boat rod with sidecast reel or eggbeater reel should be all you need . line and tackle - smaller species will only need light line ( 2 - 4kg ) and small hooks with minimum lead . larger species will need heavy line and a heavy mono trace as they tend to rush for reefs and other structures to get rid of the hook . hot spots : trevally can generally be found from northern queensland down to tasmania and across to southern western australia . golden trevally can be found along the queensland coast in estuaries , surf beaches and rocky and coral reefs . silver trevally are present in all states of australia in inshore reefs , estuaries , beaches and bays . giant trevally occupy the warm tropical waters of northern queensland , western australia and the northern territory . hint ! the best times to catch trevally , in general , are winter and spring when there are plenty of small fish in southern estuaries and larger fish on southern offshore reefs . tropical species can be found in the cooler months of the dry season .
< p > the venturing angler has a whole lotta love for the ferocity of giant . . . < / p > < p > the post < a rel =
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giant trevally are found around reefs in the warmer waters of the pacific and indian oceans , from africa in the east to the hawaiian islands in the west , and from australia in the south to as far north as japan . it ' s known to venture into shallow bays , lagoons and estuaries as well .
afonso p , fontes j , holland kn , santos rs . multi - scale patterns of habitat use in a highly mobile reef fish , the white trevally
trevallies grow fast , depending on species reaching sexual maturity between 3 and 5 years of age , and an average 300 to 500 mm in length . giant trevally can grow to be as big as 170 cm and weigh up to 80 kg . they can live up to 30 - 40 years , depending on species and habitat .
there are many species that you may encounter on scuba including giant , silver , gold - spotted , banded , blue , thicklip , black , bluefin , bigeye , golden , sand and diamond trevally . trevallies belong to the jack family , carangidae , which also includes pompanos , runners , amberjacks , pilotfish , jack mackerels and scads .
giant trevally prefer shallow sand flats and reef with near by access to deeper water with large numbers of small bait fish present , they also frequent areas such as jetty’s , in shore reef systems and estuary’s . gt’s can also be encountered in deeper water to 50 meters when spawning and are often seen feeding amongst other pelagic species such as mackerel and tuna .
giant trevally grow slightly faster and reach a larger maximum size than the closely related bluefin trevally ( figure 8 ) , but the latter reproduce at an earlier age and smaller size [ 24 ] ( table 1 ) . based on the von bertalanffy growth coefficient ( ) , giant and bluefin trevally attain 95 % of their theoretical maximum sizes at 31 and 15 years , respectively , but these are likely only minimum estimates as maximum observed ages were 9 and 6 years ( table 1 , figure 9 ) . bluefin trevally are highly fecund ( > 4 million mature ova in the ovary of a 6 . 5 kg female ) , with an exponential increase in the number of eggs produced with size [ 24 ] . spawning activity peaks for both giant and bluefin trevally between may and august [ 24 ] . age , growth , and reproductive data are not available for other common teleost predators in the pmnm , but green jobfish in the mhi reach sexual maturity between 0 . 45–0 . 5 m fork length ( fl ) ( table 1 ) and have a protracted spawning season between may and october [ 26 ] . green jobfish on the great barrier reef ( gbr ) reach maximum ages of 16 years and a theoretical maximum size of 0 . 7 m fl [ 27 ] ( table 1 ) . size of sexual maturity for green jobfish on the gbr was not determined , but all sampled fishes were mature at 0 . 3 m fl .
the giant trevally can be recognised by its steep head profile , strong scutes on the straight , posterior portion of the lateral line and its large size . its colouration varies from uniform silvery to almost black . it can sometimes be a dusky golden colour and have dark irregular bands on the back , but never has a dark spot on the rear of the operculum .
the distribution of the giant trevally occurs in the tropical or coastal areas of the indian and pacific oceans . the range extends from the eastern coast of africa , along the coasts of india and pakistan , across the coast of northern australia , to as far east as hawaii . its habitat is in the shallow coral reefs and lagoons and channels in these tropical areas .
in australia , gts are most commonly encountered by anglers fishing on or adjacent to coral or rocky reefs from perth in wa north around the top end to central nsw , with the best known locations for targeting large numbers of large fish being the outer drop offs of the great barrier reef and coral sea . also sometimes known as the lowly trevally ( or ulua in hawaii ) , the giant trevally is the largest member of the trevally family ( carangidae ) . the gt is a powerful apex predator of coral reefs , growing to at least 1 . 7 metres long and 180 pounds on the old scale ( 80 kg ) , but the current world record is “only” 160lb / 72 . 8 kg for a fish taken in japan .
covered with long , venomous spikes , the crown - of - thorns starfish ( acanthaster planci ) is a voracious feeder that can eat living corals because of a unique adaptation : a wax - digesting enzyme system . populations of the starfish were once kept low by a few key predators , namely the giant triton . since humans decimated giant triton populations , crown - of - thorns starfish outbreaks periodically kill vast expanses of hard coral .
giant trevally ( gt ) inhabit coastal and offshore waters from the central western australian coast north around to the central coast of new south wales . gt’s are wide ranging and can be found cruising in shallower nearshore as well as offshore reef structures such as coral reefs and atolls , pinnacles and drop - offs . when targeting gt’s look for washy areas where bait are holding up , particularly fusiliers around offshore reefs and atolls .
however , upon seeing the photo of charpentier’s catch , william smith - vaniz , ph . d . , one of the world’s leading experts on carangids — the family of jacks and trevallies — agrees that “this fish is definitely a giant trevally . ” smith - vaniz tells sf that a comprehensive search of all electronic fish - collection data bases would seem to confirm this as the first gt caught along the coast of central america .
< p > the gangster of the flats ! a very cool photo from matt jones of . . . < / p > < p > the post < a rel =
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large mullet and whiting make great live baits for giant trevally , try fishing them on long , nylon or fluoro carbon leaders and running sinker rigs . it is also important to match your hook size to your bait . medium to large sized hard bodied lures are also ideal for both casting from shore and trolling from a boat at around 4 – 6 knots for many species including trevally with metal slices , soft plastics , surface lures and fly’s also proving to be incredibly effective on this super aggressive species . surface lures such as poppers and stick baits are not only especially effective but also visually spectacular when launched upon by large , powerful gt’s !
< p > nice shot ! eugene pawlowski made his way to christmas island last year among . . . < / p > < p > the post < a rel =
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< p > an amazing video that circulated a while back and never gets any less . . . < / p > < p > the post < a rel =
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< p > celebration time ! christiaan pretorius and lindi blaauw show some gt stoke in the . . . < / p > < p > the post < a rel =
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< p > flyfishing team sylt movie have a great video featuring a fly fishing trip . . . < / p > < p > the post < a rel =
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meyer , cg & rr honebrink ( 2005 ) transintestinal expulsion of surgically implanted dummy transmitters by bluefin trevally—implications for long - term movement studies . transactions of the american fisheries society 134 ( 3 ) : 602 - 606 .
there is evidence from studies done in the hawaiian islands and south africa that the black coloured gts are mature males , which most commonly take up this unusually dark colouration in spawning aggregations once they exceed around 70cm in length . juvenile gts can be harder to identify , however , as they often frequent estuaries and inshore waters which are home to populations of other trevallies of similar appearance like brassy trevally and juvenile bigeye trevally ( caranx sexfasciatus ) , which can also have the yellowish pelvic and anal fins ( as well as yellowish lower lobe of the tail ) possessed by juvenile gts . in these instances , it ' s worth looking at the “chest” ( pectoral girdle ) area , which is scaleless on gts , but not in the other species . while gts look very different to the beautiful bluefin trevally ( caranx melampygus ) , studies in hawaii have shown that gts can interbreed with bluefin trevally to form hybrids . the existence of the bluefin / gt hybrids was discovered after investigation of a world record claim for a 43 kg “bluefin trevally” that had bluish fins but other body shape characteristics typical of gts .
< p > captain jako lucas just got back from astove and took on one of . . . < / p > < p > the post < a rel =
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largest trevally , usually reaching 5 . 7 feet ( 1 . 7 m ) in length and about 132 lbs . ( 60 kg ) . the maximum published weight is 176 lbs . ( 80 . 0 kg ) .
< p > astove atoll & # 8211 ; flats fishing for gts from fin chasers magazine on vimeo . . . . < / p > < p > the post < a rel =
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< p > monster ! from captain jako lucas , a great - looking farquhar atoll geet . to check out more . . . < / p > < p > the post < a rel =
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< p > in this photo , jako lucas of south africa hoists the gangster of the . . . < / p > < p > the post < a rel =
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< p > fly angler , mark hargadon , of california has one incredible photo to show for . . . < / p > < p > the post < a rel =
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< p > gts aren & # 8217 ; t just in the seychelles and christmas island . in a video from . . . < / p > < p > the post < a rel =
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< p > maybe the ultimate flats specie & # 8212 ; at least when it comes to putting . . . < / p > < p > the post < a rel =
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< p > in an episode of the endless session , jonathan jones takes on more australia . . . < / p > < p > the post < a rel =
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> video : fly fishing for barramundi , giant trevally , and coral trout in australia < / a > appeared first on < a rel =
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< p > the newest issue of fin chasers magazine is now live with a packed . . . < / p > < p > the post < a rel =
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> features on giant trevally , permit , mongolia , tasmania , and more in fin chasers < / a > appeared first on < a rel =
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to date we have captured 18 giant trevally off the kona ( west ) coast of hawaii island and surgically implanted them with small acoustic transmitters . we are monitoring their movements with the west hawaii listening array consisting of 37 underwater receivers deployed along 109km of coastline . these receivers identify and record the presence of any acoustic transmitters within range ( up to 250 m ) . the receivers have a battery life of approximately 15 months and are being downloaded at 3 - 6 month intervals .
to date , our understanding of the ecological role of top predators in coral reef ecosystems is based largely on correlative studies ( e . g . , giant trevally density versus size at sex change of labroids [ 5 , 84 ] ) , but manipulative experiments are required to definitively demonstrate causation . the pmnm provides ideal environments for conducting manipulative experiments without the confounding effects of anthropogenic influences . such experiments would greatly increase our understanding of the specific biological and physical factors driving observed relationships .
< p > from giant trevally to queenfish , there & # 8217 ; s a lot going on at the great . . . < / p > < p > the post < a rel =
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the bluefin trevally rarely reach the length of more than 80 cm . they have a much more pointed snout than most of the other carangides . this species is named after the electric blue of their dorsal , anal and caudal fins .
< p > from rio products : idaho falls , idaho ( february 2 , 2015 ) – rio products , industry - leading . . . < / p > < p > the post < a rel =
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< p > um & # 8230 ; wow ! peter laurelli has been making saltwater fly fishing films for . . . < / p > < p > the post < a rel =
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> trailer : giant trevally insanity and more in siff13 : islands from peter laurelli < / a > appeared first on < a rel =
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< p > & # 160 ; when cpt jack ( jako lucas ) gets back from the seychelles , it & # 8217 ; s a . . . < / p > < p > the post < a rel =
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but of the 26 key species of sharks on coral reefs , only a few infrequent visitors—namely tiger sharks , bull sharks , and hammerheads—can be placed in the top tier of the food chain . “shark” isn’t a blanket term for a huge voracious hunter , but a family of fish that encompasses a diversity of diets and lifestyles . the vast majority of species , such as whitetips and grey reef sharks , for example , are more akin to large - mouthed groupers and giant trevally—they are all mesopredators .
< p > t & # 38 ; t seychelles from thomas & # 38 ; thomas on vimeo . it & # 8217 ; s seychelles season and the . . . < / p > < p > the post < a rel =
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< p > siff13 : islands from peter laurelli on vimeo . several months ago , peter laurelli offered . . . < / p > < p > the post < a rel =
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< p > kiritimati island is & # 8230 ; in the middle of the nowhere . that & # 8217 ; s the appeal . . . . < / p > < p > the post < a rel =
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< p > it & # 8217 ; s rare that a book tackles a new subject in fly fishing nowadays , . . . < / p > < p > the post < a rel =
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> gt – a flyfisher & # 8217 ; s guide to giant trevally by peter mcleod coming soon < / a > appeared first on < a rel =
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nature has gifted them with superior swimming abilities and power that they use when hunting prey . if the prey has not been killed by the first strike , they are then usually killed by the strike impact itself . the prey is eaten quickly as there is high competition with other specimens hunting together . some species hunt individually ( e . g . the giant trevally ) but some also in schools , which increases efficiency . group hunting seems to be a disadvantage only when single prey are present and close to the reef .
< p > let & # 8217 ; s start by calling it like it is . there & # 8217 ; s no shortage of mediocre . . . < / p > < p > the post < a rel =
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webkitallowfullscreen mozallowfullscreen allowfullscreen > < / iframe > < / div > < / div > < p > the venturing angler has a whole lotta love for the ferocity of giant trevally . these beasts are strong , fast , and & # 8230 ; giant . in the video above , chris eckley , will sands , and others chase gts at kiritimati island and offer a & # 8220 ; gorilla tape tough story & # 8221 ; after fighting a gt with a broken rod . < / p > < p > to check out more from chris eckley , please click < a href =
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< p > from squidman productions is a great new video on fly fishing for bonefish . . . < / p > < p > the post < a rel =
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> video : fly fishing for giant trevally and bonefish in christmas island in & # 8220 ; bones & amp ; gts & # 8221 ; < / a > appeared first on < a rel =
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what are those dark shapes circling the boat ? with sleek bodies and pointy fins , the back of your mind screams shark ! and with this , your thoughts begin race . i’m definitely not getting in the water . what if the boat sinks ? am i going to get eaten ? ! well , you can put your mind at ease , because those large fish circling the boat aren’t sharks . they are large ocean - going fish called giant trevally , and they are some of the largest , fastest predators in the world’s oceans .
trevally are among the more common fish encountered by divers , in a variety of species . these powerful silvery predators patrol the reefs and are often seen preying on smaller fish , making exciting , sudden dashes around the reef and thrilling any on - looking scuba divers .
crabs and shrimps often form commensalistic symbiotic relationships with anemones in tropical waters , again for the purposes of protection from predation . for instance the anemone crab , neopetrolisthes oshimai , which is a filter feeding porcelain crab , lives and captures its food from within the tentacles of giant anemones .
giant trevally will take live or dead whole fish and fillet baits as well as soft plastics and trolled minnows , but by far the most exciting and sporting way to target them is on large surface lures like poppers and stickbaits . when targeting gt’s by boat pull up in deeper water within casting distance of an area of interest , a reef outcrop for example , and cast large poppers or stickbaits towards the reef edge and work the lure back to the boat , imparting as much action to the lure as possible . upon hookup drive the fish off the reef fast !
a combined possession limit of 20 applies to members of the carangidae family ( including but not limited to trevallies , queenfishes , scads , darts and kingfishes ) except for amberjack , highfin amberjack , samsonfish , swallow - tailed dart , giant queenfish and yellowtail kingfish , where individual possession limits apply .
giant trevally , hereon referred to as gt , are a member of the jack family carangidae ( know in australia as trevallies ) . they are the largest growing member of the genus caranx , and are known for their immense power and high speed . they are thick and muscular through the body with a steep sloping forehead and a row of sharp horizontal scutes along the lateral line between the dorsal fin and tail . pattern and colour varies greatly in this species and individuals can display silvery grey to jet - black colouration and none to numerous tiny black dots scattered across the body .
the ability of gts to hybridise with other species might also explain the existence of some of the supersized “brassy trevally” sometimes observed in australia ' s northern territory and kimberley regions , although to date i am not aware of any specific studies that have confirmed or ruled out this possibility .
i received my b . s . in biology from yale college in 2010 , and a m . s . in fisheries from the university of alaska fairbanks in 2014 . broadly , i ' m interested in biological and physical drivers of evolution and translating my research into sustainable management practices of commercially and recreationally important marine fishes . i am studying phylogenetic relationships of marine fishes in a group known as the carangiforms , which includes the jacks , trevallies , scads , pompanos , remoras , dolphinfish , and cobia . i am also conducting population genetic and phylogeographic analyses on two carangid species important for recreational and small - scale fisheries throughout the indo - pacific : the giant trevally ( caranx ignobilis ) and bluefin trevally ( caranx melampygus ) . much of my research focuses on the western indian ocean , spanning south africa to seychelles , and i collaborate closely with scientists at the south african institute for aquatic biodiversity .
< p > < div class =
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although the effects of predation on lower trophic levels are fairly well documented [ 23 , 84 , 88 , 89 ] , the effects of inter - specific interactions between top predators are less well understood . we do know predatory fishes and sharks may be an important source of interference competition for critically endangered hawaiian monk seals in the pmnm . seal - borne video cameras show giant trevally , bluefin trevally , amberjacks , green jobfish , and reef sharks swimming in close association with monk seals , and competing for prey items flushed from cover by the foraging seals [ 91 ] . however , seals still have their greatest foraging success in the presence of these competitors , suggesting benefits of feeding in prey - rich patches may outweigh costs of interference competition [ 91 ] . new technologies such as hydrophone tags , which record biologically significant sounds and inter - animal interactions [ 72 ] , could further clarify the nature and importance of inter - specific competition between top predators .
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> vimeo < / a > . < / p > < p > giant trevally in cosmoledo are the focus of a new upcoming film from black fly eyes . this is going to be a good one ! < / p > < p > to check out more from black fly eyes , please click < a href =
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trevally larvae are able to swim against a current when they measure 7 - 14 mm and feed on zooplankton while swimming . they avoid reefs and live pelagically , using jellyfish and other floating objects as protection . some species are known to prefer estuarine conditions and various species are known to have a wide salinity tolerance .
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/ > < / p > < p > nice shot ! < a href =
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> eugene pawlowski < / a > made his way to christmas island last year among many other destinations . along the way , he hooked up with gts everywhere from the seychelles to christmas island . in the photo above , eugene holds up a giant trevally from the pacific side . < / p > < p > the post < a rel =
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you can be gently finning alongside a colourful wall and then see a trevally or two swimming just off the reef . then , in a flash of bright silver they will hurtle into a school of small reef fish and , almost as quickly , retreat into the blue with a tasty snack firmly secured in their jaws .
our knowledge of the species composition and abundance of coral reef - associated predators in the pmnm comes from studies utilizing a variety of fishing and visual census sampling methods , which collectively suggest reef habitats in this region are dominated , both numerically and in biomass , by a small number of predator species , especially the giant trevally ( caranx ignobilis ) and the galapagos shark ( carcharhinus galapagensis ) ( figure 2 ) . giant trevally account for 55 % of all top predators counted by divers in the pmnm ( figure 2 ) and comprise 71 % of apex predator biomass ( equivalent to about 39 % of total fish biomass ) in this region [ 1 , 21 ] . galapagos sharks are the most abundant elasmobranch , accounting for 9 . 3 % of all top predators counted during towed - diver surveys and comprising 36 to 53 % of all sharks sampled by towed - diver surveys or longline fishing methods ( figure 2 ) ( see [ 21 , 22 ] , j . dale , unpublished data ) . other relatively abundant top predators on pmnm reefs include tiger sharks ( galeocerdo cuvier ) , grey reef sharks ( carcharhinus amblyrhinchos ) , whitetip reef sharks ( triaenodon obesus ) , green jobfish ( aprion virescens ) , bluefin trevally ( caranx melampygus ) , amberjack ( seriola spp . ) , and the endemic hawaiian grouper ( epinephelus quernus ) ( see [ 1 , 21 – 23 ] , j . dale , unpublished data ) ( figure 2 ) . less abundant predators documented from pmnm coral reefs include several other carcharhinid sharks , hammerhead sharks , and large jacks ( see [ 21 , 22 ] , j . dale , unpublished data ) ( figure 2 ) .


trichinorhipis is a monotypic genus of beetles in the family buprestidae , the jewel beetles .

the single species , trichinorhipis knulli , is endemic to california in the united states , where it has been collected from riverside and imperial counties .

this beetle is black with large whitish marks across its elytra .

the original specimen measured less than 4 millimeters in length .

it has fan-like ( flabellate ) antennae .

very few specimens of this beetle have been collected , but it has usually been associated with jojoba ( simmondsia chinensis ) .

the beetle has been collected close to the mexico – united states border , so it likely occurs in mexico , as well .

the genus is so far monotypic , another undescribed beetle found in west texas likely belongs to the genus as well .

trichinorhipis

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upcoming events 2018 bugguide gathering in virginia july 27 - 29 : registration and discussion photos of insects and people from the 2015 gathering in wisconsin , july 10 - 12 photos of insects and people from the 2014 gathering in virginia , june 4 - 7 . photos of insects and people from the 2013 gathering in arizona , july 25 - 28 photos of insects and people from the 2012 gathering in alabama photos of insects and people from the 2011 gathering in iowa photos from the 2010 workshop in grinnell , iowa photos from the 2009 gathering in washington
disclaimer : dedicated naturalists volunteer their time and resources here to provide this service . we strive to provide accurate information , but we are mostly just amateurs attempting to make sense of a diverse natural world . if you need expert professional advice , contact your local extension office .
contributors own the copyright to and are solely responsible for contributed content . click the contributor ' s name for licensing and usage information . everything else copyright © 2003 - 2018 iowa state university , unless otherwise noted .
barr , w . f . 1948 . a new genus and species of buprestidae from southern california ( coleoptera ) . entomological news 59 ( 3 ) : 69 - 72 .
a catalog and bibliography of the buprestoidea of america north of mexico . nelson et al . 2008 . the coleopterists society , special publication no . 4 . 274 pp .
california department of fish and wildlife . special animals list . california department of fish and wildlife’s california natural diversity database ( cnddb ) . 2016 . periodic publication . 51 pp .
the tribe xenorhipidini is currently being revised by my colleague and friend , dr . charles bellamy , california department of food and agriculture , sacramento .
ted c . macrae is a research entomologist by vocation and beetle taxonomist by avocation . areas of expertise in the latter include worldwide jewel beetles ( buprestidae ) and north american longhorned beetles ( cerambycidae ) . more recent work has focused on north american tiger beetles ( cicindelidae ) and their distribution , ecology , and conservation .
this entry was posted in buprestidae , coleoptera and tagged beetles , california , entomology , insects , jewel beetles , nature , science , taxonomy . bookmark the permalink .
very interesting about the cage and the 2 year wait . maybe that’s something i could do with long - horned beetles here . i have yet to see the beetle !
steven — yes , you can do this . i have reared thousands of woodboring beetles by caging infested branches . i use fiber drums of various sizes ( plastic is not breathable and will cause condensation and mold ) . the trick is learning how to discern truly infested wood in the field before investing in the time and effort needed to retrieve and cage it . maybe i should write a post on “how to rear…” – it is a learned skill that is as much art as it is science .
i feel like an old war - horse at the sound of a trumpet when i read about the capture of rare beetles . - - charles darwin
the creator , if he exists , must have an inordinate fondness for beetles . - - j . b . s . haldane buy bitb apparel and gifts at cafepress .
ted c . macrae is an agricultural research entomologist with
an inordinate fondness for beetles .
primary expertise includes taxonomy and host associations of wood - boring beetles , with more recent interest also in tiger beetle survey and conservation . i am currently serving as managing editor of the the pan - pacific entomologist , layout editor for the journal cicindela and newsletter editor for the webster groves nature study society . read my interview at nature blog network , and visit me at these other sites :
all text and photos appearing on this website are © ted c . macrae , all rights reserved . see
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poole , r . w . , and p . gentili ( eds . ) . 1996 . nomina insecta nearctica : a checklist of the insects of north america . volume 1 ( coleoptera , strepsiptera ) . entomological information services , rockville , md . available online : urltoken
due to latency between updates made in state , provincial or other natureserve network databases and when they appear on natureserve explorer , for state or provincial information you may wish to contact the data steward in your jurisdiction to obtain the most current data . please refer to
distribution data for u . s . states and canadian provinces is known to be incomplete or has not been reviewed for this taxon .
use the generic guidelines for the application of occurrence ranks ( 2008 ) . the key for ranking species occurrences using the generic approach provides a step - wise process for implementing this method .
zoological data developed by natureserve and its network of natural heritage programs ( see local programs ) and other contributors and cooperators ( see sources ) .
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note : all species and ecological community data presented in natureserve explorer at urltoken were updated to be current with natureserve ' s central databases as of november 2016 . note : this report was printed on
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natureserve . 2017 . natureserve explorer : an online encyclopedia of life [ web application ] . version 7 . 1 . natureserve , arlington , virginia . available http : / / explorer . natureserve . org . ( accessed :
ridgely , r . s . , t . f . allnutt , t . brooks , d . k . mcnicol , d . w . mehlman , b . e . young , and j . r . zook . 2003 . digital distribution maps of the birds of the western hemisphere , version 1 . 0 . natureserve , arlington , virginia , usa .
data provided by natureserve in collaboration with robert ridgely , james zook , the nature conservancy - migratory bird program , conservation international - cabs , world wildlife fund - us , and environment canada - wildspace .
patterson , b . d . , g . ceballos , w . sechrest , m . f . tognelli , t . brooks , l . luna , p . ortega , i . salazar , and b . e . young . 2003 . digital distribution maps of the mammals of the western hemisphere , version 1 . 0 . natureserve , arlington , virginia , usa .
data provided by natureserve in collaboration with bruce patterson , wes sechrest , marcelo tognelli , gerardo ceballos , the nature conservancy - migratory bird program , conservation international - cabs , world wildlife fund - us , and environment canada - wildspace .
iucn , conservation international , and natureserve . 2004 . global amphibian assessment . iucn , conservation international , and natureserve , washington , dc and arlington , virginia , usa .
data developed as part of the global amphibian assessment and provided by iucn - world conservation union , conservation international and natureserve .
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data and apps idaho fish and wildlife information system bringing information to bear on the management and conservation of fish , wildlife , and plants in idaho .
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