the biak scops owl is an owl endemic to the twin islands of biak-supiori in geelvink bay , papua ( formerly irian jaya ) , indonesia .

it is classified as vulnerable due to its very small range and destruction of its habitat .

biak scops owls ( scops beccarii salvadori ) are 20 – 25 cm birds from the genus outs contain 45 other species .

biak scops are frequently seen as dark brown and dark rufous forms with long ear tufts and pale a whitish brown facial disc .

baik 's are very small creatures , but have hoarse , corvid - like voices .

their diet mostly consist of small vertebrates or insects , although due to being an ongoing decline they are seldomly seen ; however , most are found in blaik island in heavy wooded areas near villages in supiori islands off northwest new guinea .

however , the reproducing of biak scops owls is unknown and is still in the process of studying .

biak scops owl

the biak scops owl is a small owl with moderately long ear - tufts . it is also known as the beccari scops owl .
owl information . . . index of owl species . . . photos of various owl species for identification
the biak scops owls measure about 8 - 10 inches ( 20 - 25 cm ) in length .
the biak island scops owls ( otus beccarii ) - also known as beccari scope owls , moluccan scops owls or papuan scops owls - are endemic to the twin islands of biak - supiori in geelvink bay , off northwestern new guinea papua ( formerly irian jaya ) in indonesia .
biak scops owls have a very small range and are endangered due to destruction of their forest habitats , and their numbers are suspected to be declining .
australasia : biak island . otus beccarii is endemic to the twin islands of biak - supiori in geelvink bay , papua ( formerly irian jaya ) , indonesia
25 cm ; no data on body mass . medium - sized scops - owl ; said to occur in dark and rufous - brown and tawny and dark grey - brown forms ; almost certainly morphs , but sometimes . . .
( gibbs 1993 , poulsen and frolander 1994 , eastwood 1996b ) . one was heard in and around biak - utara reserve in 1997
. 2012 ) . subsequently , it has been suggested that this species is widespread in forested habitats around biak and supiori ( b . beehler
2000 ) . however , more recently , the species has been encountered regularly in remnant forest patches in southern biak ( k . d . bishop
tawny - brown owl with short , inconspicuous ear - tufts . yellow eyes . rather distinct , pale whitish eyebrows and facial disc . densely barred brown upperparts with some white on scapulars . brown or rich rufous underparts , probably colour morphs but possibly sex dimorphism , with very fine barring . similar spp . the only owl on biak - supiori . papuan frogmouth podargus papuensis and large - tailed nightjar caprimulgus macrurus have different habits and long tails . voice probably a harsh croak , rasping at close range but sounding more like a deer’s bark at long range . hints calling birds can usually be stalked and seen in the beam of a torch
members of the genus otus are the scops and screech owls . they are relatively small owls , with short , rounded wings . most have erectile ear - tufts . otus is a worldwide genus , containing some 45 species .
holt , d . w . , berkley , r . , deppe , c . , enríquez rocha , p . , petersen , j . l . , rangel salazar , j . l . , segars , k . p . , wood , k . l . , de juana , e . , sharpe , c . j . & marks , j . s . ( 2018 ) . biak scops - owl ( otus beccarii ) . in : del hoyo , j . , elliott , a . , sargatal , j . , christie , d . a . & de juana , e . ( eds . ) . handbook of the birds of the world alive . lynx edicions , barcelona . ( retrieved from urltoken on 9 july 2018 ) .
25 cm . tawny - brown owl with short , inconspicuous ear - tufts . yellow eyes . rather distinct , pale whitish eyebrows and facial disc . densely barred brown upperparts with some white on scapulars . brown or rich rufous underparts , probably colour morphs but possibly sex dimorphism , with very fine barring .
identify and record the species ' s vocalisations to aid detection . conduct surveys on both biak and supiori , using tape - playback of vocalisations , to establish its current distribution , population status and assess its habitat requirements . investigate further its taxonomic status and relationship to other
czech : výrecek beccariuv , výre ? ek beccari ? v . . . danish : papuadværghornugle . . . dutch : biak - dwergooruil . . . estonian : biaki päll . . . finnish : biakinpöllönen . . . french : petit - duc de beccari . . . german : beccarieule , beccari - zwergohreule . . . indonesian : celepuk biak . . . italian : assiolo di beccari . . . japanese : biakukonohazuku . . . norwegian : biakugle . . . polish : syczek papuaski . . . russian : ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? , ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? . . . slovak : výrik biacky . . . spanish : autillo de biak . . . swedish : biakdvärguv . . . chinese : ? ? ? ?
there are very few records of this species , which is classified as endangered on the basis of its very small range and apparent restriction to tall lowland forest , which is severely fragmented and declining . however it may prove to be more common and widespread , and justify reclassification as vulnerable . its status is unclear , as it is a nocturnal species with poorly - known calls and only recently considered to be a separate species . a 1973 survey of the island found only one pair , it was not recorded during three 1990s visits to biak and just one was heard in and around biak - utara reserve in 1997 . however , two were heard one morning in 1995 , and it was suspected to be fairly widespread in moderate numbers in 1982 , based on vocalisations and local reports , although not actually observed .
the population is estimated to number 2 , 500 - 9 , 999 mature individuals based on an assessment of known records , descriptions of abundance and range size . this is consistent with recorded population density estimates for congeners or close relatives with a similar body size , and the fact that only a proportion of the estimated extent of occurrence is likely to be occupied . this estimate is equivalent to 3 , 750 - 14 , 999 individuals , rounded here to 3 , 500 - 15 , 000 individuals . it is assumed that all mature individuals are in a single sub - population ( g . dutson in litt . 2013 ) . trend justification : the widespread loss of forest on the island of biak suggests that the species has declined , but parts of supiori are virtually impenetrable and as such may provide a refuge . based on this information , the population is suspected to be declining at a moderate rate .
html public
- / / w3c / / dtd xhtml 1 . 0 strict / / en
urltoken
thank you for taking the time to provide feedback on the iucn red list of threatened species website , we are grateful for your input .
holt , d . w . ; berkley , r . ; deppe , c . ; enriquez rocha , p . l . ; olsen , p . d . ; petersen , j . l . ; rangel salazar , j . l . ; segars , k . p . ; wood , k . l . 1999 . strigidae ( typical owls ) . in : del hoyo , j . ; elliott , a . ; sargatal , j . ( ed . ) , handbook of the birds of the world , pp . 76 - 242 . lynx edicions , barcelona , spain .
probably a harsh croak , rasping at close range but sounding more like a deer ' s bark at long range .
calling birds can usually be stalked and seen in the beam of a torch .
vulnerable b1ab ( ii , iii , v ) ; c2a ( ii ) ver 3 . 1
beehler , b . , bishop , k . , dutson , g . , holmes , d . , ripley , s . , van balen , b . & van beirs , m .
allinson , t , benstead , p . , bird , j . , dutson , g . , symes , a . & taylor , j .
this species has been downlisted to vulnerable on the basis that its habitat is not as fragmented as once thought , along with evidence that it is more widespread than previously thought . nevertheless , its population is estimated to be small and inferred to be in on - going decline .
1999 ) . its status is uncertain , as it is a nocturnal species with poorly - known calls and only recently considered to be a separate species . a survey of the island in 1973 found only one pair
2000 ) . furthermore , forest does not regenerate easily on areas of raised coralline limestone . much of supiori comprises virtually impenetrable forest on limestone mountains , which is likely to be safe from habitat degradation .
species . afford formal protection to key sites supporting the species , as appropriate .
to make use of this information , please check the < terms of use > .
original description : salvadori , tommaso . 1876 . annali del museo civico di storia naturale di genova , 7 ( 1875 ) , p . 906 - 907 .
könig , claus & weick , friedhelm . 2008 .
owls : a guide to the owls of the world ( second edition )
. yale university press .
mikkola , heimo . 2013 .
owls of the world : a photographic guide ( second edition )
. bloomsbury .
recommended citation birdlife international ( 2018 ) species factsheet : otus beccarii . downloaded from urltoken on 09 / 07 / 2018 . recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species : birdlife international ( 2018 ) iucn red list for birds . downloaded from urltoken on 09 / 07 / 2018 .
sometimes treated as conspecific with either o . manadensis or o . magicus ; song similar to latter’s , but significant differences from both in plumage . monotypic .
hoarse , corvid - like croak , repeated in series ; at close range , described as “a quite . . .
dense forest and forest edge ; locally near villages . occurs from near sea - level to 1000 m elevation .
only subscribers are able to see the bibliography . login or subscribe to get access to a lot of extra features !
only members are able to post public comments . to make the most of all of hbw ' s features , discover our subscriptions now !
sequence of species in this genus is adopted in an attempt to conform to the findings of several recent molecular - phylogenetic studies # r # r , notwithstanding difficulty that a considerable number of taxa have not yet been sampled . relationships of many species remain uncertain . includes genus mimizuku . previously incorporated genus megascops .
get access to the contents of the hbw including all species accounts , family texts , plates , audiovisual links , updates and related resources .
also available : 2 - year subscription package : 55 . 90 € ( instead of 59 . 90 € ) 3 - year subscription package : 82 € ( instead of 89 . 85 € )
supporting members help us to develop and update the project more quickly and to reach more people by keeping prices down .
view more information , tracking references to their source ( when available on the internet ) .
also available : 2 - year subscription package : 82 . 5 € ( instead of 89 . 9 € ) 3 - year subscription package : 122 . 5 € ( instead of 134 . 85 € )
there is a registration fee of 20€ . this is a one - time only fee when you become a subscriber of hbw alive . you won’t pay it again as long as you renew your subscription before it expires .
if you represent an organization or institution , click here for more information on institutional subscriptions .
this map displays aggregated data from ibc and my birding ( anonymously ) ; markers do not indicate precise localities .
their primary habitats are forests , including partially logged forests , up to at least 1 , 000 feet ( 300 m ) and coastal swamp forests bounded by heavily forested limestone cliffs . they appear to avoid heavily logged or degraded forests
they have short , inconspicuous ear - tufts and densely barred brown upperparts with some white on the scapulars ( shoulder feathers ) . the plumage below is brown or rich rufous , with fine barring .
the only other owls occurring within their range - - the papuan frogmouth podargus papuensis and large - tailed nightjar caprimulgus macrurus - - can easily be differentiated by their long tails .
for updates please follow beautyofbirds on google + ( google . com / + avianweb )
the articles or images on this page are the sole property of the authors or photographers .
; however , mistakes do happen . if you would like to correct or update any of the information , please
throughout history , crows , ravens and other black birds were feared as symbols of evil or death . …
please note : any content published on this site is commentary or opinion , and is protected under free speech . it is only provided for educational and entertainment purposes , and is in no way intended as a substitute for professional advice . avianweb / beautyofbirds or any of their authors / publishers assume no responsibility for the use or misuse of any of the published material . your use of this website indicates your agreement to these terms .
html public
- / / w3c / / dtd xhtml 1 . 0 transitional / / en
urltoken
myavibase allows you to create and manage your own lifelists , and produce useful reports to help you plan your next birding excursion .
there are more than 12 , 000 regional checklists in avibase , offered in 9 different taxonomies , including synonyms more than 175 languages . each checklist can be viewed with photos shared by the birding community , and also printed as pdf checklists for field use .
there are a few ways by which you can help the development of this page , such as joining the flickr group for photos or providing translations of the site in addition languages .
howard and moore 4th edition ( incl . corrigenda vol . 1 - 2 ) :
you must be logged in to view your sighting details . to register to myavibase click here .
avibase has been visited 263 , 293 , 274 times since 24 june 2003 . © denis lepage | privacy policy
html public
- / / w3c / / dtd xhtml 1 . 0 strict / / en
urltoken
rarest bird in the world : the cone - billed tanager , the mystery .
atlapetes blancae , 8 years later , still not found . wish or species ?
it inhabits forest , including partially logged forest , up to at least 300 m , including coastal swamp - forest bounded by heavily forested limestone cliffs . it may be poorly tolerant of habitat degradation , as there have been no records from heavily logged or degraded forest .
all ranks domain kingdom subkingdom phylum subphylum superclass class subclass infraclass superorder order suborder infraorder superfamily family subfamily tribe subtribe genus subgenus species subspecies variety group ( polytypic ) group ( monotypic ) species split life sp . ssp . intra - specific hybrid interspecific hybrid intergeneric hybrid species pair
all records ( accepted , rejected , pending ) . to filter / search please enter a phrase . e . g . to filter rejected records , type rejected into the search box , all columns can be filtered .
have you seen something interesting ? click submit to share your rare bird sightings via our simple form .
© 2018 birdguides , warners group publications plc . all rights reserved . company registered in england no . 2572212 | vat registration no . gb 638 3492 15


pygopristis denticulata is a species of piranha .

it is a rare south american fish found in the orinoco river basin , north and eastern guiana shield rivers , and tributaries of the lower amazon river .

specimens of this species is frequently found in acidic clear or black waters .

they usually feed on aquatic insects , small fish , and fruits .

p. denticulata has pentacuspid teeth and a middle cusp that is usually only slightly larger than the other cusps .

this is unlike the piranhas , which have tricuspid teeth with a larger middle cusp , making the teeth appear triangular .

p. denticulata grows to about 20.0 cm ( 7.9 in ) in tl .

it has 62 chromosomes .

this fish possesses powerful dentition that can cause serious bites .

it has scales .

pygopristis denticulata

species is sexually dimorphic based on a lobed anal fin on male p . denticulata .
pygopristis antoni ( fernández - yépez ) from venezuela is a synonym of pristobrycon striolatus . what i found interesting is the photograph of serrasalmus punctatus schomburgk ( pg . 9 ii . 1 . el género pygopristis müller y troschel , 1844 . figura 4 . los peces caribes de venezuela , 1996 ) resembles a very peppery spotted p . denticulata from brazil .
pygopristis müller & troschel 1844 : 95 . fem . pygopristis fumarius müller & troschel 1844 . type by subsequent designation . type designated by eigenmann 1910 : 441 . synonym of serrasalmus lacepède 1803 , but a valid subgenus - - ( géry 1972 : 209 , géry 1976 : 52 ) . valid as pygopristis müller & troschel 1844 - - ( taphorn 1992 : 312 ) . pygopristis müller & troschel 1844 . characidae : serrasalminae . the proper scientific species name is denticulata not denticulatus . there is mounting evidence to suggest that this species and catoprion mento are genetically more related to each other than other piranha species ( orti , 2000 et al ) .
pygopristis fumarius from müller and troschel , o . c . : 21 . 35 . lam ix . fig . 2 .
pygopristis denticulatus müller and troschel , 1844 , horae jehth , 1 : 21 . 34 , lam . ix . fig . 1 .
pg . 241 . pygopristis denticulatus ( cuvier ) . serrasalmo denticulatus cuvier , mem . mus . d ' hist . nat . , v , 1819 , 371 . —gunther , catalogue , v , 1864 , 367 ( british guiana ) .
the diagnosis of this kind is the same one that is established for serrasalmus . the species of serrasalmus are transformed imperceptibly inside pygopristis , and the distinction among the two , based on the number of tubercles in the teeth seems to be of doubtful generic rank .
pygopristis fumarius muller and troschel , horse ichth . , i , 1848 , 21 , 35 , pi . 9 , fig . 2 ; in schomburgk , reisen , iii , 1848 , 637 ( rupununi ; essequibo ) . —kner ,
familie der characinen ,
ii , 1859 , 27 ( rio branco ) .
i first purchased p . denticulata ( then classified as s . brandtii in an old piranha book ) in 1964 . i also foolishly tested its weak jaw muscles by sticking my finger in a 3 inch specimens mouth ! interestingly , the fish was not able to draw blood or flesh . but i would never try it with a larger specimen nor should you ! the map to the left is based on the jégu & dos santos exploration ( 1988 ) . rev . hydrobiol . trop . 21 ( 3 ) : 239 - 274 .
a single species placed in genus pygopristis , is ( in my opinion ) absolutely one of the prettiest of the serrasalminae this non - dangerous piranha feeds principally on fins , seeds , fruits and such that fall into the water ( click here to view ) . when opefe brought this to the attention of a neo - tropical division at a local state college , there was snickering and skepticism that a piranha would feed on seeds or fruits instead of whole flesh . since then , opefe provided documented proof of the seed and fruit eating behavior and their skepticism is no longer the case . other field researchers have since confirmed the eating habits of this species in the wild .
pygopristis derdiculatus muller and troschel , horse ichth . , i , 1845 , 21 , 34 , pi . 9 , fig . 1 ( guiana ) ; in schomburgk , reisen , iii , 1848 , 637 ( essequibo ; takutu ; rupununi ) . —cuvier and valenciennes , hist . nat . poiss . , xxii , 1848 , 297 ( essequibo ) . —eigenmann and eigenmann , proc . u . s . nat . mus . , xiv . 1891 , 59 . —ulrey , ann . n . y . acad . sci . , vii , 1895 , 296 ( lower amazon ) . - eigenmann , repts . princeton univ . exp . patagonia , iii , 1910 , 441 .
greek , pyge = rump + greek , pristis = saw ( ref . 45335 )
south america : orinoco river basin , north and eastern guiana shield rivers ; tributaries of the lower amazon river .
maturity : l m ? range ? - ? cm max length : 20 . 0 cm tl male / unsexed ; ( ref . 12225 )
rare ( ref . 12225 ) . possesses powerful dentition that can cause serious bites .
jégu , m . , 2003 . serrasalminae ( pacus and piranhas ) . p . 182 - 196 . in r . e . reis , s . o . kullander and c . j . ferraris , jr . ( eds . ) checklist of the freshwater fishes of south and central america . porto alegre : edipucrs , brasil . ( ref . 39031 )
phylogenetic diversity index ( ref . 82805 ) : pd 50 = 1 . 0000 [ uniqueness , from 0 . 5 = low to 2 . 0 = high ] .
bayesian length - weight : a = 0 . 02042 ( 0 . 01151 - 0 . 03622 ) , b = 3 . 12 ( 2 . 97 - 3 . 27 ) , in cm total length , based on lwr estimates for this species & ( sub ) family - body ( ref . 93245 ) .
trophic level ( ref . 69278 ) : 2 . 9 ±0 . 4 se ; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
resilience ( ref . 69278 ) : high , minimum population doubling time less than 15 months ( preliminary k or fecundity . ) .
vulnerability ( ref . 59153 ) : low vulnerability ( 12 of 100 ) .
urltoken website : urltoken facebook : urltoken documentaries : urltoken / video _ gallery _ . . . tropical aquarium fish documentaries
html public
- / / w3c / / dtd html 4 . 0 strict file : / / en
a monotypic genus this pirambeba is predaceous but to a much lower degree than previously thought . there seem to be different forms in terms of coloration and other unique features ; possess dark bands along the flank with some lightly peppered spotting . these are sometimes erroneously imported as p . striolatus from peru .
hobbyists can consider this species somewhat harmless in the aquarium . but they do have sharp if not the smallest teeth of the pirambeba - like fish . they will eat small fishes . care is still required in handling them , they have weak jaws , but do not assume that a large specimen cannot lacerate you ! the species may be kept with its relatives the silver dollars ( genus metynnis ) . it is not uncommon to find them mixed up together in pet stores when juvenile , since they externally resemble that genus .
i do not recommend mixing this species with any other piranha or pirambeba . the main reason is because they likely would get eaten by their more opportunistic sisters . i consider them to be an excellent specimen for the home aquarium and worth collecting .
serrasalmus denticulatus cuvier , 1819 . mem mus . hist . nat . paris , v : 371 .
eigenmann , c . h . 1910 ( 12 feb . ) catalogue of the fresh - water fishes of tropical and south temperate america . in : reports of the princeton university expeditions to patagonia 1896 - 1899 .
serrasabno punctatu s schomburgk , fishes brit . guiana , i , 1841 , 223 , pi . 17 . twenty - three specimens , 151 - 234 mm . lama stop - off . ( c . m . cat . no . 1118a - d ; i . u . cat . no . 11637 . ) head 3 . 5 ; depth 1 . 66 ; d . 18 or 19 ; a . 34 - 38 ; scales with pores 87 - 95 ; eye 4 in head , 2 in interorbital ; abdominal serrse 36 + 4 , 33 + 3 , 38 + 4 , 31 + 4 in four individuals respectively .
pumpkin - seed shaped ; snout rounded , lower jaw heavy , truncate , its anterior profile forming a continuous oblique line with the snout . second suborbital leaving four - tenths of the cheeks naked ; opercular bones and suborbitals but little striate ; mouth small ; teeth nearly symmetrical , with a central lobe and two much smaller lobes on each side ; six teeth on each premaxillary , in a single series , the third tooth much smaller than the rest . gill - rakers 9 + 9 , small . dorsal broadly rounded , its base equal to its distance from the caudal ; adipose short ; caudal lobes pointed ; anal with its first two or three developed rays slightly prolonged , the rest of the margin of the fin nearly straight ; ventrals reaching anal groove , pectorals not quite to ventrals . lateral line decurved ; anterior scales of the lateral line largest ; rows of scales along the middle of the sides more numerous than the pores in the lateral line , the pores corresponding to the rows of scales on the caudal peduncle and over the posterior fourth of the anal ; a wide naked area from the dorsal to the occipital .
dorsal faintly spotted . iridescent steel - blue above . pectorals , ventrals , and most of the anal brick - red ; opercle orange ; a narrow margin of the caudal and anal colorless ; caudal submarginally orange , ranging to lemon - yellow and olive .
gosline published the origin and evolution of the serrasalminae ( 1951 : 54 ) and indicated . . .
orinoco river basin , north and east guiana shield rivers ; tributaries of lower amazon : brazil , french guiana , guyana , suriname and venezuela .
machado - allison , a . & fink , william . 1996 , los peces caribes to venezuela diagnosis , claves , aspectos ecologicos y evolutivos .
machado - allison , a . 2002 los peces caribes de venezuela : una aproximación a su estudio taxonómico . bol . acad . c . fis . mat . nat . v . 62 ( no . 1 ) : 35 - 88 .
reis , r . e . , s . o . kullander and c . j . ferraris , jr . 2003 check list of the freshwater fishes of south and central america . check list freshw . fishes south & cent . amer . 2003 : i - xi + 1 - 729 .
cuvier , g . , memoires du museum national d ' histoire naturelle , publishing date ; 1819 , sur les poissons du sous - genre «hydrocyn , sur deux nouvelles espèces de «chalceus» , sur trois nouvelles espèces de «serrasalmes» , et sur l ' «argentina glossodonta» de forskahl , quiest l ' «albula gonorhynchus» de bloch . cuvier , g . 1819 mem . mus . natl . hist . nat . . 5 : 351 - 379 .
müller , j . and f . h . troschel 1844 synopsis generum et specierum familiae characinorum . ( prodromus descriptionis novorum generum et specierum ) . arch . naturgeschichte v . 10 ( pt 1 ) : 81 - 99 + zu pag . 99 ( foldout ) .
eigenmann , c . h . 1910 ( 12 feb . ) catalogue of the fresh - water fishes of tropical and south temperate america . in : reports of the princeton university expeditions to patagonia 1896 - 1899 . zoology . catalogue v . 3 ( pt 4 ) : 375 - 511 . [ also as a separate , issued 12 feb . 1910 as : catalog and bibliography of . . . ; contr . zool . lab indiana univ . no . 76 ( 2 ) . ]
géry , j . 1972 ( 19 dec . ) poissons characoïdes des guyanes . i . généralités . ii . famille des serrasalmidae . zool . verh . ( leiden ) no . 122 : 1 - 250 , pls . 1 - 16 .
géry , j . 1976 ( 18 mar . ) les genres de serrasalmidae ( pisces , characoidei ) . bull . zool . mus . univ . amst . v . 5 ( no . 6 ) : 47 - 54 .
taphorn , d . c . 1992 the characiform fishes of the apure river drainage , venezuela . biollania edición especial - no . 4 . monografias cientificas del museo de ciencias naturales , unellez - - guanara , estado portuguesa , venezuela . 1 - 537 .
freeman , b . , nico , l . g . , ostentoski , m . jelks , h . j . & collins , t . m . 2007 . molecular systemics of serrasalmidae : deciphering the identities of piranha speceis and unraveling their evoluntionary histories . zootaxa 1484 : 1 - 38 .
the opefe web site and its contents ; is disclaimed for purposes of zoological nomenclature in accordance with the international code of zoological nomenclature , fourth edition , article 8 . 3 and 8 . 4 . no new names or nomenclature changes are available from statements at this web site .
copyright© 1994 - 2012 oregon piranha exotic fish exhibit ( the opefe fish exhibit is permanently closed as of 2000 ) sutherlin , oregon . information posted on this web site is archival data on fish scientific classifications and other information . disclaimer : the copyrighted material may not be used for any purpose other than private study , scholarship or research . cited information requires credit and this link www . opefe . com . all rights reserved . all images shown ( unless otherwise noted ) is property of opefe .
rare ( ref . 12225 ) . possesses powerful dentition that can cause serious bites .
eol content is automatically assembled from many different content providers . as a result , from time to time you may find pages on eol that are confusing .
to request an improvement , please leave a comment on the page . thank you !
this article is a stub . we can not complete the encyclopaedia without your help . you can contribute to the aquarium wiki by expanding this article . dont be shy ! .
this page was last edited on 13 december 2017 , at 02 : 42 .
content is available under creative commons attribution - sharealike 3 . 0 unported license unless otherwise noted .
< p > an evidence describes the source of an annotation , e . g . an experiment that has been published in the scientific literature , an orthologous protein , a record from another database , etc . < / p > < p > < a href =
/ manual / evidences
> more . . . < / a > < / p >
help pages , faqs , uniprotkb manual , documents , news archive and biocuration projects .
you are using a version of browser that may not display all the features of this website . please consider upgrading your browser .
< p > when browsing through different uniprot proteins , you can use the ‘basket’ to save them , so that you can back to find or analyse them later . < p > < a href = ' / help / basket ' target = ' _ top ' > more . . . < / a > < / p >
< p > this will take you to the blast page where you can edit options < / p > < p > < a href =
/ help / sequence - searches
> more . . < / a > < / p >
we ' d like to inform you that we have updated our privacy notice to comply with europe’s new general data protection regulation ( gdpr ) that applies since 25 may 2018 .
we parsed the following live from the web into this page . such content is managed by its original site and not cached on discover life . please send feedback and corrections directly to the source . see original regarding copyrights and terms of use .


the scaly-tailed possum or the ilangnalya ( wyulda squamicaudata ) is found in northwestern australia .

it is restricted to the kimberley region in western australia .

as it is monotypic in its genus , it is sometimes known simply by its genus — the wyulda .

the scaly-tailed possum is a member of the family phalangeridae , which means that it is related to cuscuses and brushtail possums .

it is a solitary nocturnal forager that feeds on leaves , flowers and fruit .

the possum has a limited range and is found in high rainfall coastal regions of the north kimberley between yampi sound and kalumburu , as well as further inland in the east kimberley at emma gorge .

populations also inhabit bigge island and boongaree island .

the preferred habitat of this animal is sandstone based woodlands where it can shelter in rock piles and fissures and feed in the trees .

scaly - tailed possum

the scaly - tailed possum was once considered endangered but is now less threatened .
( scaly - tailed possum ) is found only in the kimberley region of northwestern australia . scaly - tailed possums are taxonomically placed in the family
the scaly - tailed possum is known to breed in the dry season . the recorded litter size is one . information on the reproductive behavior of the scaly - tailed possum is limited .
the scaly - tailed possum is restricted to the kimberly division in the north of western australia .
information on the scaly - tailed possum is currently being researched and written and will appear here shortly .
the enigmatic and poorly understood scaly - tailed possum ( wyulda squamicaudata ) was last seen in 1917 .
help scientists continue their reseach in the kimberley on the scaly - tailed possum and other rare animals .
“this left either the scaly - tailed possum or the rock ringtail , and the amount of hair on the base of the tail , easily seen in the photos , confirmed it was the scaly - tailed possum . ”
a scaly - tailed possum caught on a camera trap in awc’s artesian range . ( c ) australian wildlife conservancy ,
the scaly - tailed possum inhabits areas with trees and rocks in the broken sandstone country of savannah woodlands in hot tropics .
one of the trapping sites . if i were a scaly - tailed possum i would live here ( c ) jack ashby
runcie , m . 1999 . movements , dens and feeding behavior of the tropical scaly - tailed possum ( wyulda squamicaudata ) .
embed this arkive thumbnail link (
portlet
) by copying and pasting the code below . < a href =
urltoken
title =
arkive species - scaly - tailed possum ( wyulda squamicaudata )
> < img src =
urltoken
alt =
arkive species - scaly - tailed possum ( wyulda squamicaudata )
title =
arkive species - scaly - tailed possum ( wyulda squamicaudata )
border =
0
/ > < / a >
scaly - tailed possums tend to live solitarily on home ranges of approximately one hectare . individual home ranges often overlap .
the diet mainly consists of fruits , blossoms , and leaves of eucalyptus , terminalia , etc . the scaly - tailed possum has also been known to feed on insects and small vertebrates .
scaly - tailed possum ( wyulda squamicaudata ) specimens were found at el questro station in the east kimberley . the researchers suggest the finding also represents the first discovery of the species in eastern kimberley .
originally looking for the northern quoll ( dasyurus hallucatus ) , a species at high risk from the cane toad invasion , the team were surprised to see the rare scaly - tailed possum in the resulting images .
osborne mj , christidis l ( 2002 ) molecular relationships of the cuscuses , brushtail and scaly - tailed possums ( phalangerinae ) . aust j zool 50 : 135–149
as its name implies , its distinguishing feature is a hairless , scaly tail .
trapping densities suggest that scaly - tailed possums prefer low , open woodlands and vine thickets . they are nocturnal and rely heavily on rock piles for shelter during the day .
little to nothing is known about parental investment in scaly - tailed possums . however , equal participation of both parents in parental investment has been observed in other phalangerid species like
scaly - tailed possums have no easily definable , direct , or large - scale impact on humans . their remote habitat and rarity make this a difficult topic to research .
the pelage of the scaly - tailed possum is short , fine , and dense . the general dorsal color is pale or dark ashy gray while the underside color is white . a dark stripe , which may be obscure or distinct , runs along the mid - dorsal line from the shoulders to the rump . the scaly - tailed possum has a prehensile tail that is densely furred at the base and has nonoverlapping , thick scales for the remainder of its length . the head is short and wide with short ears . the claws are short and not strongly curved .
doody , sean j . ; david rhind c , christina m . castellano b and michael bass ( 2012 ) .
rediscovery of the scaly - tailed possum ( wyulda squamicaudata ) in the eastern kimberley
. australian mammalogy 34 ( 2 ) : 260–262 . doi : 10 . 1071 / am11039 .
in general , there is little information about scaly - tailed possum behavior . they are herbivorous , feeding primarily on the leaves of various trees and shrub species . when these phalangerids feed , individuals climb out to the outermost branches of trees and use their forelimbs to pluck leaves . scaly - tailed possums achieve stability by gripping sturdy branches with their prehensile tails . they are also proficient at moving around in tree canopies and have been recorded making branch - to - branch leaps of up to one meter .
november 2012 was a good trip – we found golden back tree rats in a couple of spots ( in the tree above our tents , it turned out ) , monjons and kimberley rock rats . this was amazing , but not the dream scaly tailed possum ( or golden bandicoots ) . i’d have to go back .
genetic analysis has confirmed that although the population is isolated , it is the same species as the west kimberley possum .
little to no data is available on which animals act as primary predators of scaly - tailed possums . it is likely , however , that feral cats , large birds of prey , and large snakes may be important predators .
as “data deficient” with a declining population trend . according to the department of environment and conservation western australia , more data must be gathered concerning the conservation status of scaly - tailed possums before they can be declared a threatened species .
once again , the holy grail evaded me – rock rats were everywhere , and we had some exciting encounters with more common species like an echidna , quolls and ningbings , but the scaly - tailed possum stayed out of reach . frustratingly , a week or so after we left one of the january sites , a possum wandered through one of the camera traps we left set in the forests . obviously i’m pleased the species is there , but i can’t help feeling that nature is cruel .
runcie , m . 2000 . biparental care and obligate monogamy in the rock - haunting possum , petropseudes dahli , from tropical australia .
the finding has also extended the habitat range of the possum by some 300 to 400 kilometres from known populations in the west kimberley .
. artesian range is in one of the least accessible parts of australia , requiring a combination of propeller - plane , serious 4wd and helicopter to get to . as amazing as it was to see these species on the screen , i instantly knew i had to go and see them in the flesh . for me , the scaly - tailed possum had become the holy grail .
notable – children ' s book council of australia a traditional dreamtime story that features the scaly - tailed possum only found in a remote part of the kimberley region of australia’s north west and the echidna , one of australia’s most unusual mammals . illustrated with paintings on silk , the story also tells of the wandjina , the creator and great spirit of the wunambal people of the kimberley .
i got the call to join two trips to the area ( in november 2012 and january 2014 ) to trap sites on possible dispersal routes out of the artesian hotspot , to see how far their ranges extend . i went to each trip with extremely high hopes , but a sleep - depriving fear that they might be too far from the centre to find the scaly - tailed possum .
of course , you can’t prove absence , but trips like this have helped determine that the artesian range’s special species seem not to venture too far . now that the inventory of neighbouring properties is drawing to a close i’ll have to get myself onto one of the trips back to the heart of this amazing , extinction - free oasis , and finally set eyes on that scaly - tailed possum .
because so few scaly - tailed possums have ever been captured , vlittle is known about their longevity or population age - structures . however , studies done on other phalangerid species have produced life expectancy statistics of 17 years for females and 12 years for males .
and are the only member of their genus . little is known about this species due to their overall secretive behavior combined with the rugged nature of their habitat . scaly - tailed possums are considered the least well understood of all phalangerids , with only 54 confirmed scientific captures .
the scaly - tailed possum is assessed as near threatened because its area of occupancy may be < 2 , 000 km 2 and may be declining , but not at a rate of 30 % in 12 years ( three generations ) . recent records are from a small number of location . survey effort of the remote area where it occurs has been insufficient to estimate the actual number of locations , but this is probably > 10 .
little is known about the effects that scaly - tailed possums have on the ecosystems they inhabit . because they have different foraging and habitat related behaviors than other closely related phalangerids , it is difficult to assess how similar their effects on the ecosystem are to those of other possums .
wemmer , c . , l . collins . 1978 . communication patterns in two phalangerid marsupials , the gray cuscus ( phalanger gymnotis ) and the brush possum ( trichosurus vulpecula ) .
scaly - tailed possums are small - to - medium sized marsupials weighing an average of 1500 grams . they have relatively small ears and a total body length averaging 415 mm for males and 375 mm for females . all individuals have gray dorsal surfaces and white ventral surfaces with naked paws and noses . many individuals also have a black stripe running down the center of their back . as their name implies , scaly - tailed possums have rough tails which are covered in scales . these tails , averaging 290 mm in length , are hairless and prehensile which enables these possums to maintain firm grips on tree branches when they forage . this type of tail is unique to
barnett , j . , r . how , w . humphreys . 1982 . habitat effects on organ weights , longevity and reproduction in the mountain brushtail possum , trichosurus caninus ( ogilby ) .
taylor , a . , p . cowan , b . fricke , d . cooper . 2000 . genetic analysis of the mating system of the common brushtail possum ( trichosaurus vulpecula ) in the new zealand farmland .
kreigenhofer , b . 2011 . exploring social interactions and olfactory communication in the common brushtail possum : implications for management : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of master of science in “conservation biology” .
it seems that artesian range is the only place in mainland australia not to have suffered any mammal extinctions since european colonisation . a community of amazing endemics has clung on – scaly - tailed possums , golden - backed tree rats , monjons , golden bandicoots and kimberley rock rats . when i was analyzing those camera trap images in 2011 i was a couple of hundred kilometres south of artesian , on awc northwest’s main home sanctuary ,
the scaly - tailed possum occurs in rugged sandstones with adjacent open woodland or closed forest , sometimes with rainforest elements . it forages mainly in trees but may venture into open areas to feed on flowers , fruits , seeds and leaves . in captivity it also eats nuts and insects . it shelters in rock piles , under rock slabs and in underground crevices . females give birth mainly in the dry season between march and august , although breeding may extend later in the dry season . a single juvenile is carried in the pouch for 150 - 200 days and is weaned after eight months . females are sexually mature at two years ( humphreys et al . 1984 ; runcie 1999 ; burbidge and webb 2008 ) .
, although there is some debate over phalangerid relationships . brush - tailed possums establish dominance hierarchies in which dominant males and females are most likely to breed with one another . in brush - tailed possums , these hierarchies are often matriarchal in structure , with females dominant to males . breeding pairs might spend up to 40 days courting before they mate . scent marking and vocalizations are used to avoid direct aggression between co - dominant individuals . it is possible that these or similar behaviors take place in
there is no robust estimate of population size . it is locally common at some sites in the north - west kimberley and on bigge island ; but is apparently uncommon in the east kimberley . a 2003 survey demonstrated persistence in prince regent national park and at mitchell plateau ( start et al . 2007 ) . recent surveys ( 2011 , 2012 ) by the australian wildlife conservancy have recorded scaly - tailed possums as locally common in the artesian range south of the prince regent ( sarah legge pers . comm . ) . it has been recently recorded on augustus island via camera trapping .
national parks within its range are managed by the department of parks and wildlife . aboriginal lands , most of which are indigenous protected areas , are managed by the wunambal gaambera aboriginal corporation and the dambimangari aboriginal corporation . artesian range sanctuary is managed by the australian wildlife conservancy . emma gorge is within the el questro pastoral lease . there is regional fire management in the western parts of its range , intensive management of fire at artesian range , and regional fire management immediately to the east of the main distribution through the ecofire project . a research project on scaly - tailed possums at artesian range ( australian wildlife conservancy / university of tasmania ) began in late 2012 , aimed at describing the impacts of fire patterns and feral cats on their ecology and survival .
we would like to thank the following people and institutions for providing samples or assisting with sample collection : christina castellano , simon clulow , rosie honin , colin mchenry , david pearson , ian radford , western australia department of environment and conservation , australian wildlife conservancy , western australian museum , south australian museum and australian museum . paleo - climate data were generously provided by jeremy vanderwal . we are also grateful to craig moritz for helpful comments on the manuscript . this research was supported by funding from the chadwick fellowship ( australian museum ) , australian geographic society and monash university .
alexander wb ( 1919 ) a new species of marsupial of the subfamily phalangerinae . j r soc west aust 4 : 31–36
amante c , eakins bw ( 2009 ) etopo1 1 arc - minute global relief model : procedures , data sources and analysis . noaa technical memorandum nesdis ngdc - 24 .
bouckaert r , heled j , kǖhnert d , vaughan tg , wu ch , xie d , suchard ma , rambaut a , drummond aj ( 2013 ) . beast2 : a software platform for bayesian evolutionary analysis .
bowman dmjs , brown gk , braby mf , brown jr , cook lg , crisp md , ford f , haberle s , hughes j , isagi y , joseph l , mcbride j , nelson g , ladiges py ( 2010 ) biogeography of the australian monsoon tropics . j biogeogr 37 : 201–216
. in : van dyck s , strahan r ( eds ) the mammals of australia , 3rd edn . reed new holland , sydney , pp 277–278
byrne m , yeates dk , joseph l , kearney m , bowler j , williams maj , cooper s , donnellan sc , keogh js , leys r , melville j , murphy dj , porch n , wyrwoll k - h ( 2008 ) birth of a biome : insights into the assembly and maintenance of the australian arid zone biota . mol ecol 17 : 4398–4417
byrne m , steane da , joseph l , yeates dk , jordan gj , crayn d , aplin k , cantrill dj , cook lg , crisp md , keogh js , melville j , moritz c , porch n , sniderman jmk , sunnucks p , weston ph ( 2011 ) decline of a biome : evolution , contraction , fragmentation , extinction and invasion of the australian mesic zone biota . j biogeogr 38 : 1635–1656
cadotte mc , dinnage r , tilman d ( 2012 ) phylogenetic diversity promotes ecosystem stability . ecology 93 : 223–233
cracraft j ( 1991 ) patterns of diversification within continental biotas : hierarchical congruence among areas of endemism of australian vertebrates . aust syst bot 4 : 211–227
department of environment and conservation western australia ( 2013 ) threatened and priority fauna rankings . department of environment and conservation western australia , sydney
doughty p ( 2011 ) an emerging frog diversity hotspot in the northwest kimberley of western australia : another new frog species from the high rainfall zone . rec west aust mus 26 : 209–216
eldridge mdb , potter s , cooper sjb ( 2012 ) biogeographic barriers in north - western australia : an overview and standardization of nomenclature . aust j zool 59 : 270–272
excoffier l , laval g , schneider s ( 2005 ) arlequin ver . 3 . 0 : an integrated software package for population genetics data analysis . evol bioinform 1 : 47–50
fitzsimons j , legge s , traill b , woinarski j ( 2010 ) into oblivion : the disappearing mammals of northern australia . the nature conservancy , melbourne .
flannery t , archer m , maynes g ( 1987 ) the phylogenetic relationships of living phalangerids ( phalangeroidea : marsupialia ) with a suggested new taxonomy . in : archer m ( ed ) possums and opossums : studies in evolution . surrey beatty & the royal zoological society of new south wales , sydney , pp 477–506
flannery t ( 1994 ) possums of the world . a monograph of the phalangeroidea . geo productions , sydney
fu y - x ( 1997 ) statistical tests of neutrality of mutations against population growth , hitchhiking and background selection . genetics 147 : 915–925
fuchs r , herold m , verburg ph , clevers jgpw ( 2013 ) a high - resolution and harmonized model approach for reconstructing and analysing historic land changes in europe . biogeosciences 10 : 1543–1559
fujita mk , mcguire ja , donnellan sc , moritz c ( 2010 ) diversification and persistence at the arid - monsoonal interface : australia - wide biogeography of the bynoe’s gecko ( heteronotia binoei ; geckkonidae ) . evolution 64 : 2293–2314
fumagalli l , pope lc , taberlet p , moritz c ( 1997 ) versatile primers for the amplification of the mitochondrial dna control region in marsupials . mol ecol 6 : 1199–1201
hasegawa m , kishino h , yano t ( 1985 ) dating the human - ape splitting by a molecular clock of mitochondrial dna . j mol evol 22 : 160–174
houlder dj , hutchinson mf , nix ha , mcmahon jp ( 2000 ) anuclim user guide , version 5 . 1 . centre for resource and environmental studies , australian national university , canberra
huelsenbeck jp , ronquist f ( 2005 ) bayesian analysis of molecular evolution using mrbayes . in : nielsen r ( ed ) statistical methods in molecular evolution . springer , new york , pp 183–232
, alexander 1919 . in : smith ap , hume id ( eds ) possums and gliders . surrey beatty , sydney , pp 162–169
keppel g , van niel kp , wardell - johnson gw , yates cj , byrne m , mucina l , schut agt , hopper sd , franklin se ( 2012 ) refugia : identifying and understanding safe havens for biodiversity under climate change . glob ecol biogeogr 21 : 393–404
kerle ja ( 2001 ) possums : the brushtails , ringtails , and greater glider . university of new south wales press ltd . , sydney
klein c , wilson k , watts m , stein j , berry s , carwardine j , stafford smith j , mackey b , possingham h ( 2009 ) incorporating ecological and evolutionary processes into continental - scale conservation planning . ecol appl 19 : 206–217
iredale , 1933 ( pulmonata : camaenidae ) . rec aust mus 62 : 217–284
iredale , 1933 from the rainforest patches across the kimberley , western australia ( pulmonata : camaenidae ) . rec aust mus 63 : 167–202
legge s , murphy s , heathcote j , flaxman e , augusteyn j , crossman m ( 2008 ) the short - term effects of an extensive and high - intensity fire on vertebrates in the tropical savannas of the central kimberley , northern australia . wildl res 35 : 33–43
legge s , kennedy ms , lloyd r , murphy sa , fisher a ( 2011 ) rapid recovery of mammal fauna in the central kimberley , northern australia , following the removal of introduced herbivores . austral ecol 36 : 791–799
librado p , rozas j ( 2009 ) dnasp v5 : a software for comprehensive analysis of dna polymorphism data . bioinformatics 25 : 1451–1452
mackey bg , watson jem , hope g , gilmore s ( 2008 ) climate change , biodiversity conservation , and the role of protected areas : an australian perspective . biodiversity 9 : 11–18
mcknight m ( 2008 ) wyulda squamicaudata . in : iucn 2013 . iucn red list of threatened species . version 2013 . 1 .
melville j , ritchie eg , chapple snj , glor re , schulte ja ( 2011 ) evolutionary origins and diversification of dragon lizards in australia’s tropical savannas . mol phylogenet evol 58 : 257–270
meredith rw , westerman m , springer ms ( 2008 ) a phylogeny and timescale for the living genera of kangaroos and kin ( macropodiformes : marsupialia ) based on nuclear dna sequences . aust j zool 56 : 395–410
moritz c , ens ej , potter s , catullo r ( 2013 ) the australian monsoonal tropics : an opportunity to protect unique biodiversity and secure benefits for aboriginal communities . pac conserv biol 19 : 343–355
osborne mj , christidis l ( 2001 ) molecular phylogenetics of australo - papuan possums and gliders ( family petauridae ) . mol phylogenet evol 20 : 211–224
posada d , crandall ka ( 1998 ) modeltest : testing the model of dna substitution . bioinformatics 14 : 817–818
ramos - onsins se , rozas j ( 2002 ) statistical properties of new neutrality tests against population growth . mol biol evol 19 : 2092–2100
ronquist f , huelsenbeck jp ( 2003 ) mrbayes3 : bayesian phylogenetic inference under mixed models . bioinformatics 19 : 1572–1574
rosauer d , laffan sw , crisp md , donnellan sc , cook lg ( 2009 ) phylogenetic endemism : a new approach for identifying geographical concentrations of evolutionary history . mol ecol 18 : 4061–4072
rozas j , sanchez - delbarrio jc , messeguer x , rozas r ( 2003 ) dnasp , dna polymorphism analyses by the coalescent and other methods . bioinformatics 19 : 2496–2497
russell - smith j , lucas de , brock j , bowman dmjs ( 1993 ) allosyncarpia - dominated rain forest in monsoonal northern australia . j veg sci 4 : 67–82
singarayer js , valdes pj ( 2010 ) high - latitude climate sensitivity to ice - sheet forcing over the last 120 kyr . quat sci rev 29 : 43–55
stamatakis a ( 2006 ) raxml - vi - hpc : maximum likelihood based phylogenetic analyses with thousands of taxa and mixed models . bioinformatics 22 : 2688–2690
stamatakis a , hoover p , rougemont j ( 2008 ) a rapid bootstrap algorithm for the raxml web - servers . syst biol 57 : 758–771
sunnucks p , hales df ( 1996 ) numerous transposed sequences of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase i - ii in aphids of the genus sitobion ( hemiptera : aphididae ) . mol biol evol 13 : 510–524
swofford d ( 2002 ) paup * . 4 . 0b , 10th edn . sinauer associates inc . , sunderland
tajima f ( 1989 ) statistical method for testing the neutral mutation hypothesis by dna polymorphism . genetics 123 : 585–595
toon a , hughes jm , joseph l ( 2010 ) multilocus analysis of honeyeaters ( aves : meliphagidae ) highlights spatio - temporal heterogeneity in the influence of biogeographic barriers in the australian monsoonal zone . mol ecol 19 : 2980–2994
vanderwal j , falconi l , januchowski s , shoo lp , storlie c ( 2012 ) sdmtools : species distribution modelling tools : tools for processing data associated with species distribution modelling exercises . r package version 1 . 1–13 .
wheeler d , hope r , cooper sjb , dolman g , webb gc , bottema cdk , gooley aa , goodman m , holland rab ( 2001a ) an orphaned mammalian [ beta ] - globin gene of ancient evolutionary origin . proc natl acad sci usa 98 : 1101–1106
- globin gene of ancient evolutionary origin . proc natl acad sci usa 98 : 1101–1106
woinarski jcz , mackey b , nix h , traill b ( 2007 ) the nature of northern australia : natural values , ecological processes and future prospects . anu e press , canberra
woinarski jcz , legge s , fitzsimons ja , traill bj , burbidge aa , fisher a , firth rsc , gordon ij , griffiths ad , johnson cn , mckenzie nl , palmer c , radford i , rankmore b , ritchie eg , ward s , ziembicki m ( 2011 ) the disappearing mammal fauna of northern australia : context , cause and response . conserv lett 4 : 192–201
html public
- / / w3c / / dtd xhtml 1 . 0 transitional / / en
urltoken
mammal species of the world : a taxonomic and geographic reference ( book , 2005 ) [ worldcat . org ]
your web browser is not enabled for javascript . some features of worldcat will not be available .
your list has reached the maximum number of items . please create a new list with a new name ; move some items to a new or existing list ; or delete some items .
note : citations are based on reference standards . however , formatting rules can vary widely between applications and fields of interest or study . the specific requirements or preferences of your reviewing publisher , classroom teacher , institution or organization should be applied .
the e - mail address ( es ) field is required . please enter recipient e - mail address ( es ) .
the e - mail address ( es ) you entered is ( are ) not in a valid format . please re - enter recipient e - mail address ( es ) .
i thought you might be interested in this item at urltoken title : mammal species of the world : a taxonomic and geographic reference author : don e wilson ; deeann m reeder publisher : baltimore : johns hopkins university press , ©2005 . isbn / issn : 0801882214 9780801882210 0801882389 9780801882388 0801882397 9780801882395 oclc : 57557352
wilson and reeder ' s mammal species of the world is the classic reference book on the taxonomic classification and distribution of the more than 5400 species of mammals that exist today . the third edition includes detailed information on nomenclature and , for the first time , common names . each concise entry covers type locality , distribution , synonyms , and major reference sources . the systematic arrangement of
information indicates evolutionary relationships at both the ordinal and the family level . this indispensable reference work belongs in public and academic libraries throughout the world and on the shelf of every biologist who works with mammals .
- - publisher ' s website .
please choose whether or not you want other users to be able to see on your profile that this library is a favorite of yours .
this indispensable reference work belongs in public and academic libraries throughout the world and on the shelf of every biologist who works with mammals .
a uniquely valuable compendium of taxonomic and distributional data on the world ' s living and historically extinct mammalian species . contributors and editors alike deserve the thanks of all
mammalogists for helping to forge the nomenclatural mesh that holds our science together . * journal of mammalogy * to refer to this work as a checklist undervalues it and does not give sufficient credit to the authors and editors for their meticulous efforts in its production . a valuable reference work and a vital tool , particularly for researchers . * journal of natural history * by far the most convenient source for finding the correct scientific name of any mammal and should be on the reference shelf of libraries striving to have useful science sections . * science books and films * the editors and authors are to be congratulated for undertaking such an outstanding and authoritative work , and it should serve as a standard reference for mammalian species taxonomy for many years to come . * journal of mammalian evolution * the third edition adds to its reputation as an outstanding and authorative work . * national museum of natural history weekly update & forecast * impressive and elegant work . - - g . r . seamons * reference reviews * a must - have text for any professional mammalogist , and a useful and authoritative reference for scientists and students in other disciplines . * southeastern naturalist * a magnificent work important to anyone seriously interested in mammals . this work is essential for academic or special libraries supporting zoology or conservation and for large public libraries . * american reference books annual * as were many of our colleagues , we were waiting for this revised edition since 2003 . . . we can say that the wait was worth it . - - sergio solari and robert j . baker * journal of mammalogy *
add tags for
mammal species of the world : a taxonomic and geographic reference
.
you may have already requested this item . please select ok if you would like to proceed with this request anyway .
wilson and reeder ' s mammal species of the world is the classic reference book on the taxonomic classification and distribution of the more than 5400 species of mammals that exist today . the third edition includes detailed information on nomenclature and , for the first time , common names . each concise entry covers type locality , distribution , synonyms , and major reference sources . the systematic arrangement of information indicates evolutionary relationships at both the ordinal and the family level . this indispensable reference work belongs in public and academic libraries throughout the world and on the shelf of every biologist who works with mammals .
- - publisher ' s website .
worldcat is the world ' s largest library catalog , helping you find library materials online . learn more ››
don ' t have an account ? you can easily create a free account .
html public
- / / w3c / / dtd xhtml 1 . 0 strict / / en
urltoken
thank you for taking the time to provide feedback on the iucn red list of threatened species website , we are grateful for your input .
major threats are inappropriate fire regimes ( too frequent , extensive and hot ) and predation by feral cats . information on the effects of these threats is limited .
to make use of this information , please check the < terms of use > .
little is known about the mating system of this species . however , substantial research has been done on other phalangerid species . one such highly researched species is the
females produce only one offspring per year , between march and august . young are weaned within eight months and females and males become sexually mature at two years and 18 months , respectively .
) . as in all mammals , females invest heavily in offspring through gestation and lactation .
few intra - specific interactions have ever been witnessed . phalangerids as a group , however , are known to signal one another both chemically and with physical behaviors such as tail slapping to warn of nearby predators . like other mammals , they likely have a keen sense of smell .
hudson berkhouse ( author ) , texas a & m university , jessica light ( editor ) , texas a & m university , tanya dewey ( editor ) , university of michigan - ann arbor .
living in australia , new zealand , tasmania , new guinea and associated islands .
having body symmetry such that the animal can be divided in one plane into two mirror - image halves . animals with bilateral symmetry have dorsal and ventral sides , as well as anterior and posterior ends . synapomorphy of the bilateria .
animals that use metabolically generated heat to regulate body temperature independently of ambient temperature . endothermy is a synapomorphy of the mammalia , although it may have arisen in a ( now extinct ) synapsid ancestor ; the fossil record does not distinguish these possibilities . convergent in birds .
forest biomes are dominated by trees , otherwise forest biomes can vary widely in amount of precipitation and seasonality .
offspring are produced in more than one group ( litters , clutches , etc . ) and across multiple seasons ( or other periods hospitable to reproduction ) . iteroparous animals must , by definition , survive over multiple seasons ( or periodic condition changes ) .
the area in which the animal is naturally found , the region in which it is endemic .
the kind of polygamy in which a female pairs with several males , each of which also pairs with several different females .
the region of the earth that surrounds the equator , from 23 . 5 degrees north to 23 . 5 degrees south .
reproduction in which fertilization and development take place within the female body and the developing embryo derives nourishment from the female .
heinsohn , t . 2000 . short communication : predation by the white - breasted sea eagle haliaeetus leucogaster on phalangerid possums in new ireland , papua new guinea .
humphreys , w . , r . how , a . bradley , c . kemper , d . kitchener . 1984 . the biology of wyulda squamicaudata , alexander 1919 .
mcknight , m . 2008 .
wyulda squamicaudata
( on - line ) . iucn redlist . accessed october 01 , 2015 at urltoken .
potter , s . , d . rosauer , j . doody , m . webb , m . eldridge . 2014 . persistence of a potentially rare mammalian genus ( wyulda ) provides evidence for areas of evolutionary refugia within the kimberley , australia . .
to cite this page : berkhouse , h . 2015 .
wyulda squamicaudata
( on - line ) , animal diversity web . accessed july 09 , 2018 at urltoken
disclaimer : the animal diversity web is an educational resource written largely by and for college students . adw doesn ' t cover all species in the world , nor does it include all the latest scientific information about organisms we describe . though we edit our accounts for accuracy , we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts . while adw staff and contributors provide references to books and websites that we believe are reputable , we cannot necessarily endorse the contents of references beyond our control .
this material is based upon work supported by the national science foundation grants drl 0089283 , drl 0628151 , due 0633095 , drl 0918590 , and due 1122742 . additional support has come from the marisla foundation , um college of literature , science , and the arts , museum of zoology , and information and technology services .
classified as data deficient ( dd ) on the iucn red list ( 1 ) .
this information is awaiting authentication by a species expert , and will be updated as soon as possible . if you are able to help please contact : arkive @ urltoken
terms of use - the displayed portlet may be used as a link from your website to arkive ' s online content for private , scientific , conservation or educational purposes only . it may not be used within apps .
myarkive offers the scrapbook feature to signed - up members , allowing you to organize your favourite arkive images and videos and share them with friends .
team wild , an elite squadron of science superheroes , needs your help ! your mission : protect and conserve the planet’s species and habitats from destruction .
wildscreen is a registered charity in england and wales no . 299450 wildscreen usa is a registered 501 ( c ) ( 3 ) non - profit organisation in the usa
apart from the type specimen , which came from violet valley in the east kimberley , all records are from the high rainfall , near - coastal north - west kimberley of western australia ( burbidge and webb 2008 ) . it has not been recorded in east kimberley since 1917 and is thought to be extinct from here . it is also found on bigge and boongaree islands ( a . burbidge pers . comm . ) .
it is found in low open woodland , using four different types of rock formations for dens during the day ( it is highly dependent on these rock formations ) : rockpiles , sunken rockpiles , large rock slabs , and underground rock crevices ( runcie 1999 ) . at night , it feeds on four species of trees ( xanthostemon eucalyptoides , x . paradoxus , eucalyptus sp . , and planchonia careya ) ( runcie 1999 ) . one young is born between march and august ( runcie 1999 ) .
observations : not much is known about the longevity of these animals . it has been argued that they live over 6 years ( bernhard grzimek 1990 ) , but more detailed studies are lacking .
lamoreux , j . & hilton - taylor , c . ( global mammal assessment team )
listed as data deficient in view of the absence of recent information on its threats and conservation status . there is concern that its habitat quality is declining and the degree to which introduced cats pose a threat is unknown .
there have not been many surveys within its range , and there are only isolated records . the species is sparsely and patchily distributed ( runcie 1999 ) . runcie ( 1999 ) found a density of 2 . 3 - 4 . 6 possums per hectare , which is nearly five times higher than that estimated by humphreys et al . ( 1984 ) . however , the study by runcie ( 1999 ) was limited to one small area , and the results may not apply elsewhere ( a . burbidge pers . comm . ) .
there are no data on threats , but this species is probably adversely affected by changed fire regimes and predation by introduced cats . on the mitchell plateau , proposed mining activity could affect this species .
this species is occurs in prince regent nature reserve . recommended actions ( maxwell et al . 1996 ) for this species include : monitor abundance at selected sites throughout range , including the islands ; conduct research aimed at understanding the biology , ecology , conservation status , and requirements . there needs to be research on fire ecology .
groves , c . p . ( 2005 ) . wilson , d . e . ; reeder , d . m , eds . mammal species of the world ( 3rd ed . ) . baltimore : johns hopkins university press . p . 50 . oclc 62265494 . isbn 0 - 801 - 88221 - 4 .
mcknight , m . ( 2008 ) . wyulda squamicaudata . in : iucn 2008 . iucn red list of threatened species . retrieved 28 december 2008 . database entry includes justification for why this species is data deficient
menkhorst , peter ( 2001 ) . a field guide to the mammals of australia . oxford university press . p . 84 .
potter , sally ; dan rosauer ; j . sean doody ; myfanwy j . webb ; mark d . b . eldridge ( 2014 ) .
eol content is automatically assembled from many different content providers . as a result , from time to time you may find pages on eol that are confusing .
to request an improvement , please leave a comment on the page . thank you !
kari pihlaviita added the finnish common name
suomuhäntäkusu
to
wyulda squamicaudata alexander , 1918
.
an endemic mammal has been rediscovered in the eastern kimberley , almost a century after its last recorded sighting .
now a cane toad research team from monash university have rediscovered it in the east kimberley .
during an ongoing study of the impacts of cane toad invasion on native fauna in wa , the team set up remote camera traps at el questro station .
“i was stunned , i’m familiar with the mammal fauna of northern australia , and knew that there were no brushtail possums with bare tails , ” dr doody says .
three of the cameras set up at emma gorge produced 20 photographs of at least four individual possums in 1 , 037 trap days .
the cameras were within 400 metres of each other on both sides of the gorge and close to the tourist trail . possums were exclusively nocturnal .
there have been concerns that the first record in 1917 was an error , if so , this represents the first discovery of the species in the eastern kimberley .
dr doody says the species may have remained elusive due to two main factors .
“it’s a nocturnal mammal occupying steep escarpments dissected by gorges , and there are not enough biologists surveying the kimberley , ” he says .
the work has helped fill the knowledge gap about the mammals in tropical australia and the study has been published in csiro ' s australian mammalogy .
the population at emma gorge currently receives protection from its location in the el questro wilderness park .
dr doody says the area will become federal property in 2015 , which should secure this important population .
less than a year after a life - threatening accident , steve plain began his journey to climb the world’s seven summits .
this month we celebrate an event 50 years ago in western new south wales that changed the course of australian history : the discovery of mungo woman .
photographer james dorey offers advice on capturing the perfect shot of our native bees .
with a hefty body , a massive wingspan , and a loud , low - pitched buzz , the tropical carpenter bee can be a pretty intimidating sight .
html public
- / / w3c / / dtd xhtml 1 . 0 strict / / en
urltoken
you must have javascript enabled in your browser to utilize the functionality of this website .
over the past few years i have been spending my spare time in a remote area of the kimberley , on the northwest corner of australia , helping a conservation ngo – the australian wildlife conservancy ( awc ) – to do ecological fieldwork . awc are australia’s largest private owner of land for conservation , and their mission is to manage it based on scientific research . in the northwest their big long - term projects involve determining the effects of cattle and different fire management practices on tropical savannah ecosystems . and in my most recent two trips i’ve been lucky enough to be involved in the detection of super - scarce species in extremely remote pockets of rainforest and monsoonal woodland .
a few years ago awc acquired an amazing patch of the kimberley called artesian range – monsoonal savannah criss - crossed with sandstone ranges , gorges of vine - thickets and rainforest pockets . i remember going through the first set of remote camera trap images that came back from artestian in 2011 and being amazed at the species that were being detected .
soon after , the awc northwest ecologists ventured into artesian range for live trapping and found a number of clustered locations that these species , the “artesian specials” were found . having proved that they weren’t all extinct in this region , the next question was to determine the how far their ranges extended . if artesian range was a “sink” for the exciting mammal species , then inventories of the species in the areas that they could feasibly disperse into had to happen , on to other parts of the awc property as well as neighbouring government crown land and cattle stations .
these two times of year are actually quite challenging to work in – november’s season is known as the “build up” – the hottest and most humid time of the year , before the monsoon hits . in order to avoid the 40 + °c heat and the 80 - 95 % humidity , we would check our mammal traps between about 4am and 8 . 30am , and then sit in a cave or a pond we could be reasonably confident lacked saltwater crocodiles all day until we could venture out to reset the traps in the evening .
every four or five days the helicopter would come and drop us in a site that had the characteristic sandstone gorges with boulder fields , rainforest and vine - thicket pockets . we hauled our equipment over creeks and rock features ( rarely through creeks as saltwater crocs were everywhere : standing by camp on one of the sites one night – on a major tidal river – i counted seven between me and the far bank ) to see what species we could find . we laid traps and cameras , and spent the nights searching by spotlight .
january 2014 gave me a taste of the wet season in full swing . it’s an incredible time of swollen rivers , suddenly appearing waterfalls and six hour long thunder storms where lightning flashes more than once a second . the amazing things that the water did to the gorge - ridden landscape made it impossible to resent the inch of water in my tent .


dendrophilia mediofasciana is a moth of the gelechiidae family .

it was described by park in 1991 .

it is found in russia ( primorskii krai ) , korea and japan ( honshu ) .

the wingspan is 11-13 mm .

the markings and pattern of the forewings are very similar to those of dendrophilia saxigera .

the larvae feed on lespedeza bicolor .

dendrophilia mediofasciana

dendrophilia ( dendrophilia ) ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 47
dendrophilia ( dendrophilia ) acris ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 47
dendrophilia ( dendrophilia ) caraganella ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 47
dendrophilia ( dendrophilia ) saxigera ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 48
dendrophilia ( dendrophilia ) solitaria ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 48
dendrophilia ( dendrophilia ) stictocosma ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 48
dendrophilia ( dendrophilia ) taphronoma ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 48
dendrophilia ( dendrophilia ) tetragama ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 48
dendrophilia ( dendrophilia ) unicolorella ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 48
empalactis ( empalactis ) mediofasciana ; ueda , 2012 , trans . lepid . soc . japan 62 ( 2 ) : 81 ( note )
dendrophilia ( dendrophilia ) hetaeropsis ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 47 ; park & ponomarenko , 1999 , species diversity 4 : 336
hypatima mediofasciana park , 1991 ; ann . hist . - nat . mus . hung . 83 : 119 ; tl : kaesung , s . hwanghae prov . , n . korea
microdendrophilia ( dendrophilia ) ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 48
= ( dendrophilia ) microdendrophilia ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 48
dendrophilia ( microdendrophilia ) petrinopis ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 48
dendrophilia ( dendrophilia ) albidella ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 47 ; ueda & kawahara , 2003 , trans . lepid . soc . japan 54 ( 2 ) : 121
ueda & kawahara , 2003 the occurrence of dendrophilia ( dendrophilia ) albidella ( snellen ) ( lepidoptera , gelechiidae ) in japan trans . lepid . soc . japan 54 ( 2 ) : 120 - 124
dendrophilia ponomarenko , 1993 ; zool . zh . 72 ( 4 ) : 59 ; ts : nothris albidella snellen
dendrophilia ( chelariini ) ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 46 ; [ sangmi lee ]
dendrophilia acris park , 1995 ; tropical lepid . 6 ( 1 ) : 83 ; tl : tainan co . , taiwan
dendrophilia caraganella ponomarenko , 1993 ; zool . zh . 72 ( 4 ) : 70 ; tl : gornotaezhnoe , primorskii krai
dendrophilia leguminella ponomarenko , 1993 ; zool . zh . 72 ( 4 ) : 68 ; tl : barabash - levada , primorskii krai
dendrophilia neotaphronoma ponomarenko , 1993 ; zool . zh . 72 ( 4 ) : 69 ; tl : barabash - levada , primorskii krai
nothris albidella snellen , 1884 ; tijdschr . ent . 27 : 171 , pl . 9 , f . 6 ; tl : blagowetchenk
larva on caragana ussuriensis ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 47
chelaria hetaeropsis meyrick , 1935 ; exotic microlep . 4 ( 18 - 19 ) : 590 ; tl : telawa , java
empalactis ( empalactis ) leguminella ; ueda , 2012 , trans . lepid . soc . japan 62 ( 2 ) : 81 ( note )
larva on lespedeza bicolor ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 47
empalactis ( empalactis ) neotaphronoma ; ueda , 2012 , trans . lepid . soc . japan 62 ( 2 ) : 81 ( note )
chelaria saxigera meyrick , 1931 ; bull . acad . roum . 14 : 67 ; tl : kwanhsien , china
denrophilia solitaria ponomarenko , 1993 ; zool . zh . 72 ( 4 ) : 70 ; tl : andreevka , primorskii krai
= ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 48 ; [ nhm card ]
chelaria taphronoma meyrick , 1932 ; exotic microlep . 4 ( 7 ) : 199 ; tl : pusa , bihar
chelaria tetragama meyrick , 1935 ; exotic microlep . 4 ( 18 - 19 ) : 589 ; tl : telawa , java
dendrophila unicolorella ponomarenko , 1993 ; zool . zh . 72 ( 4 ) : 68 ; tl : gornotaezhnoe , primorskii krai
larva on lespedeza bicolor ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 48
microdendrophilia ponomarenko , 1993 ; zool . zh . 72 ( 4 ) : 71 ; ts : chelaria petrinopis meyrick
chelaria petrinopis meyrick , 1935 ; exotic microlep . 4 ( 15 ) : 451 ; tl : osaka , japan
sangmi lee , richard brown & sibyl bucheli . gelechioidea - a global framework ;
[ maps ] warning ! the maps are automatically generated from the textual information , and the process does not always produce acceptable result ; see about maps for more info .
if you have corrections , comments or information to add into these pages , just send mail to markku savela keep in mind that the taxonomic information is copied from various sources , and may include many inaccuracies . expert help is welcome .
html public
- / / w3c / / dtd html 4 . 0 transitional / / en
html public
- / / w3c / / dtd html 4 . 01 transitional / / en
urltoken
note : you should have a urltoken account to upload new topics and comments . please , create an account or log in to add comments
* our website is multilingual . some comments have been translated from other languages .
there are no photos of this species on the website yet . you can offer your photo by logging into your account
curators : konstantin efetov , vasiliy feoktistov , svyatoslav knyazev , evgeny komarov , stan korb , alexander zhakov .
species catalog enables to sort by characteristics such as expansion , flight time , etc . .
javascript is disabled on your browser . please enable javascript to use all the features on this page .
in a study of material of microlepidoptera in north korea that was collected during the zoological expeditions ( 1970s–1980s ) conducted under a scientific agreement between polish and north korean academies of science , 17 species belonging to the superfamily gelechioidea are recognized . of the total , 11 species of gelechiidae , two species of oecophoridae , and two species of coleophoridae are newly reported from north korea . scrobipalpa atriplicella ( fisher von rölslerstamm , 1841 ) of gelechiidae is reported for the first time from the korean peninsula . images of adults and genitalia of all species are given .
peer review under responsibility of national science museum of korea ( nsmk ) and korea national arboretum ( kna ) .
© 2016 , national science museum of korea ( nsmk ) and korea national arboretum ( kna ) . production and hosting by elsevier .
copyright © 2018 elsevier b . v . or its licensors or contributors . sciencedirect ® is a registered trademark of elsevier b . v .
html public
- / / w3c / / dtd html + rdfa 1 . 1 / / en
except where otherwise noted , content on this site is licensed under a creative commons attribution cc by licence .
for full functionality of researchgate it is necessary to enable javascript . here are the instructions how to enable javascript in your web browser .
the main directions of the evolutionary transformation of some genital structures are dem - onstrated on the basis of morphoclines . due to the adequate stability in position of the muscles in the copulatory apparatus the functional morphological method is suffi ciently reliable in solving taxonomic and phylogenetic problems . some important misinterpretations of the homology in genital structures and incorrect coding in matrices for cladistic analyses are discussed , highlighting the signifi cance of functional morphological investigations for taxonomic and phylogenetic analyses .
onstrated on the basis of morphoclines . due to the adequate stability in position of the muscles in the
sattler , 1960 and belong to the same tribe . the family name litidae bruand , 1859 , established
three main criteria , the formulation of which can be traced back to a . remane ( 1956 ) :
origin of genital structures and helps to trace their transformations . my studies of the
less than 20 years of gelechiid moths studies . at present i know the morphology of
more than 400 gelechiid genera . genera from related families were also studied ( main -
( 1995 , 1996 ) , japan ( 1998 , 2000 ) , finland ( 1999 ) , and ukraine ( 2001 , 2005 ) . the list
of papers ( ponomarenko 1992 , 1995 , 1997 , 2004 , 2005 ) .
list of the species for which the functional morphology of the genitalia was studied .
ch ( oh ) cooh ) during 15–24 hours at less than 40º c . before dissection
in the dichomeridini , which does not indicate their origin . omelko ( 1999 ) treated them
of the tegumen within the family ( figs 3 a–g ) . in many genera of gelechiidae , as in
trated on figs 3 a , b was treated as initial . in some groups within the family (
homologous in all of these tribes . the presence of separate parategminal sclerites ( apo -
morphy 32 ) allows to support subfamily dichomeridinae as a monophyletic group ( fig .
processes and lobes with strong and long setae . besides that , one of the evolution -
into separate cucullus and sacculus . different states of the latter are found in differ -
ated basally have been found ( figs 4 , 5 ) . the sclerotized structures have
the scientists was attracted only to the sclerotized distal parts of the described glands .
that the discussed parts were not homologous to any part of the valva . since these scle -
medially to the cuculli and were fused with them basally ( figs 6 c , d , 7 a , b ) . within
cucullus is still present ( fig . 6 c , marked by blue ) , but it has lost its function to hold the
example considered above and should be subjected to a special investigation . the illus -
a gutter - like concavity and both are joined medially by a membranous sac . the pecu -
allow to hypothesize on the genesis of the above - described glands . i presume that they
and positined in the same direction . being inserted in the ductus bursae along with the
mon ancestor and secondarily lost by some of their representatives . thus , the presence
juxta ; or with vinculum , juxta , and sacculi ) till their ankylosis into one sclerite . the
later stage is typical for most specialized groups within the family . such groups were
h . hodges ( 1986 ) used the traditional term “juxta” in the same tribe . omelko ( 1991 )
not belong to the genitalia . this conclusion was based on the genital morphology of
the male genitalia in the subfamily dichomeridinae . one of the directions of trans -
zeller ) ( figs 9 e , 10 b ) . the juxta , as a result of its fusion with
. this transformation is shown on fig . 10 . on the base of this
anarsiini , chelariini , and dichomeridini , have a common origin . they are homologous
nal sclerites are equal to the “appendix appendicular” in the dichomeridini ( only ! ) .
phocline ( see above , fig . 3 ) , the transtilla being the apodeme of
lelism in hodges ( 1998 : character 29 ) . in its reconsidered version and broadened inter -
juxta in other gelechiid moths ( see morphocline on fig . 10 ) . both states , free juxta and
dorsally so as to surround aedeagus” . hodges ( 1998 ) , referring to klots , reduced this
and “sicae ( joined juxta and vinculum ) absent / present” . this would not be a subject for
discussion if every author using these states would be consistent in their coding . firstly ,
not to the juxta . the juxta in this genus is represented by a bridle - like sclerite with at -
neither juxta and processes on the vinculum . the large setaceous lobes in both genera
them they completely followed hodges ( 1998 ) . the extrapolation of the term “sicae”
the last point is the newly discovered gland of the male genitalia . the sclerotized
glandiductors . they are not homologous to parts of the valva . one of the directions in
meridinae , are shown by green and blue ovals . synapomorphies marked by red : 20 : presence of glands of
directly depend not from the number of included characters , but from their quality .
who promoted my participation with an oral presentation on some of the results of my investigations .
sattler and dr . g . robinson ( the natural history museum , london , uk ) , prof . k . mikkola ( zoological
für naturkunde der humboldt - universität , berlin , germany ) , dr . o . v
the possibility to work in the collections under their care , and to dr . t
ashington , usa ) , prof . h . li ( nankai university , t
state university , belorussia ) for their help with the literature and their loans of material . i also thank the
hallberg , e . & g . poppy 2003 . exocrine glands : chemical communication and chemical defense .
heinrich , c . 1920 . on some forest lepidoptera with descriptions of new species , larvae and pupae . – pro -
ceeding of the u . s . national museum . 57 ( 2305 ) : 53–96 .
. 1986 . gelechioidea . gelechiidae ( part i ) . dichomeridinae . pp . 1–195 , vii–xiii . –
nick , r . b . et al . , the moths of america north of mexico , fascicle 7 . 6 . –
. 1984 . studies on the morphology and systematics of primitive lepidoptera ( insecta ) . –
fauna ] . ( in russian ) . – sankt - petersburg , nauka : 1–462 .
omelko , m . 1991 . [ to the system and morphology of the gelechiid moths of the subfam . gelechiinae
( lepidoptera , gelechiidae ) , mainly on the fauna of far east ] . ( in russian ) . – entomologicheskoe
gelechiidae ) . – bulletin of the british museum ( natural history ) . entomology
from subfam . dichomeridinae sensu novo ( lepidoptera , gelechiidae ) and relationships of its tribes ] .
dae ) : functional morphology , evolution and taxonomy ] . ( in russian ) . – chteniya pamyati
talia , phylogeny and taxonomy ( lepidoptera , gelechiidae ) ] . ( in russian ) . – meetings in memory of
ticae . – franisek slamka , bratislava . 110 pp . , 103 pls .
scoble , m . j . , 1992 . the lepidoptera : form , function , and diversity . – oxford university press . v–xi ,
. . . we think that these tubes may be connected with glands and function in disseminating male pheromones during courtship and mating . ponomarenko ( 2005 ponomarenko ( , 2008 ) has described tubes at the vinculum in the tribe litini ( gelechiidae ) with a similar function , naming them glandiductors . ponomarenko retained ananarsia at first as a subgenus ( ) and later ( 1992 ) as a separate genus . . . .
. . . however , both of these structures are highly reduced in izatha . as previously mentioned , the juxta in lepidoptera is proposed to function in helping anchor and guide the phallus during copulation ( ever , 1924 ; klots , 1970 ) , and as the musculature of the juxta in closely related gelechiid moths is associated with the phallus ( ponomarenko , 2008 ponomarenko , , 2009 ) , further supports its role in the positioning and movement of the phallus during mating . therefore , the juxtal arms , in conjunction with the elaboration of the juxto - costal plate of the valvae ( see below ) in izatha may compensate for the reduction of the uncus and gnathos . . . .
. . . similarly to the illustration provided by clarke ( 1969 ) for locharcha emicans meyrick , we could not detect any indication of the presence of the right valve in the genitalia of l . opportuna , which may have been lost . however , as described by ponomarenko ( 2008 ) , these highly modified structures are glandular in nature , which she termed ' glandiductors ' . also , they may not be homologous to any part of the valva , which thus would have been fused to other genital structures . . . .
. . . the rounded , proximal basis of these structures is secretory in nature , and the sclerotized , slender distal portion has an opening at the apex ; we confirm that this structure is present in the material studied here . ponomarenko ( 2008 ) concluded that these genital glands could be considered as a basal synapomorphy for the subfamily gelechiinae , thus limiting their taxonomic use at the generic level . . . .
. . . the right valve in the genitalia of l . opportuna , which may have been lost . however , as described by ponomarenko ( 2008 ) , these highly modified structures are glandular in nature , which she termed ' glandiductors ' . also , they may not be homologous to any part of the valva , which thus would have been fused to other genital structures . . . .
. . . our data support the monophyly of a clade containing the studied taxa from xystophora to exoteleia ( fig . 1 ) , namely 21 out of 52 studied gelechiidae taxa . this clade corresponds to the definition of the subfamily gelechiinae sensu ponomarenko ( 2008b ponomarenko ( , 2009 ) , apart from ponomarenko ' s inclusion of xystophora in anomologinae and sophronia in anacampsinae . their placement here seems not to be contradicted by their morphology either , which supports their previous classification as gelechiinae by hodges ( 1986 hodges ( , 1998 ) . . . .
the functional morphology of the male genitalia in the gelichiid - moth genera holcophora stgr . , anana . . .
the functional morphology of the male genitalia of holcophora statices stgr . , nothris verbascella ( den . et schiff . ) and ananarsia lineatella ( zell . ) is described . the genus holcophora hbn . is placed into the tribe gelechiini based on the peculiarities of the skeleton - muscular apparatus of the male genitalia . ananarsia ams . is treated as a separate genus owing to a complex of differences from . . . [ show full abstract ]
annotated review and discussion of phylogenetically important characters for families and subfamilie . . .
gelechioidea is a large , diverse superfamily of microlepidoptera that is difficult to characterize due to its species richness . the main working taxonomic unit for gelechioidea seems to be the subfamily level , although many researchers use the taxonomy of family and subfamily interchangeably . some researchers believe the superfamily should be split into several superfamilies to better diagnose . . . [ show full abstract ]
checklist of the genus epichostis meyrick ( lepidoptera : xyloryctidae ) of the world , with description . . .
a worldwide checklist of 23 epichostis species is given . twelve species are described from china , 11 of which are new to science : e . wufengensis sp . nov . , e . magnimacularis sp . nov . , e . proximitympanias sp . nov . , e . termitruncatula sp . nov . , e . termiprotrusa sp . nov . , e . wenxianica sp . nov . , e . hamatilis sp . nov . , e . jiangkouensis sp . nov . , e . setilata sp . nov . , e . deltata sp . nov . and e . . . . [ show full abstract ]


ypsolopha barberella is a moth of the family ypsolophidae .

it is known from the united states , including arizona , nevada and utah .

the wingspan is 19-24 mm .

the antennae are dark fuscous with a few scattered white scales especially toward the apex .

the labial are palpi black , mottled with light ochreous and white scales .

the brush on the second joint is well developed but shorter than the terminal joint which is strongly roughened in front .

the head and thorax are dark pepper and salt colored .

the forewings have a light whitish steel-gray ground color , strongly overlaid with black and dark fuscous scales .

the hindwings are shining dark fuscous , nearly black towards the edges .

the abdomen is dark purplish fuscous and the legs are nearly black with a strong purple reflection .

ypsolopha barberella

ypsolopha helva j . c . sohn & c . s . wu , in sohn et al . , 2010
ypsolopha pseudoparallela j . c . sohn & c . s . wu , in sohn et al . , 2010
ypsolopha sordida j . c . sohn & c . s . wu , in sohn et al . , 2010
ypsolopha species are variable in shape and color and no exclusive superficial features have been established for the group . in contrast , the genitalia of both sexes are remarkably homogeneous .
ypsolopha is a genus of moth of the ypsolophidae family . it is the type genus of the ypsolophidae family and comprises over 120 described species ( about 95 % of the known world diversity of the ypsolophidae family ) .
adults are nocturnal or rarely diurnal . their resting postures are various , but they often have the head down and the lower body up . ypsolopha acuminata mimics a small broken branch at rest . the larvae usually live in open webs on the leaves of various , primarily woody , plants and mostly feed on a limited range of host plants . they are active primarily at night and have two defensive behaviors that involve wiggling and jumping .
biostor is built by @ rdmpage , code on github . page images from the biodiversity heritage library .
html public
- / / w3c / / dtd xhtml 1 . 0 transitional / / en
urltoken
upcoming events 2018 bugguide gathering in virginia july 27 - 29 : registration and discussion photos of insects and people from the 2015 gathering in wisconsin , july 10 - 12 photos of insects and people from the 2014 gathering in virginia , june 4 - 7 . photos of insects and people from the 2013 gathering in arizona , july 25 - 28 photos of insects and people from the 2012 gathering in alabama photos of insects and people from the 2011 gathering in iowa photos from the 2010 workshop in grinnell , iowa photos from the 2009 gathering in washington
named in honor of herbert spencer barber ( 1882 - 1950 ) , who collected the first specimens with eugene amandus schwarz ( 1844 - 1928 ) .
notes on the cerostoma group of yponomeutidae , with descriptions of new north american species august busck . 1903 . journal of the new york entomological society , 11 : 45 - 59 .
disclaimer : dedicated naturalists volunteer their time and resources here to provide this service . we strive to provide accurate information , but we are mostly just amateurs attempting to make sense of a diverse natural world . if you need expert professional advice , contact your local extension office .
contributors own the copyright to and are solely responsible for contributed content . click the contributor ' s name for licensing and usage information . everything else copyright © 2003 - 2018 iowa state university , unless otherwise noted .
html public
- / / w3c / / dtd html 4 . 01 transitional / / en
urltoken
note : you should have a urltoken account to upload new topics and comments . please , create an account or log in to add comments
* our website is multilingual . some comments have been translated from other languages .
there are no photos of this species on the website yet . you can offer your photo by logging into your account
curators : konstantin efetov , vasiliy feoktistov , svyatoslav knyazev , evgeny komarov , stan korb , alexander zhakov .
species catalog enables to sort by characteristics such as expansion , flight time , etc . .
photographs are the copyrighted property of each photographer listed . contact individual photographers for permission to use for any purpose .
head cream - coloured , antennae banded with brown on each segment , labial palpi porrect , heavily scaled , dorsally cream - coloured , ventrally yellow . thorax of a cream colour , tegulae and metathorax yellow . legs light grey . forewings strongly hooked . dorsal surface of forewings yellow , with brown scales restricted to a triangular area in the middle of forewing . hindwings light grey , somewhat translucent proximally and basally , with long fringes . ventral wing surfaces uniformly light grey . legs and abdomen light grey . this species can be distinguished from the similarly looking
has mostly brown forewings , with yellow scales restricted to a longitudinal band on the basal one third of its forewings .
eol content is automatically assembled from many different content providers . as a result , from time to time you may find pages on eol that are confusing .
to request an improvement , please leave a comment on the page . thank you !
hodges numbers 1681 - 2700 links to references are included with the captions . those that are only idenified at the genus level by dna barcoding will eventually be identified as new reference specimens are added to the bold database or will be described by someone as new species .