measurex was an american company based in cupertino , california .

measurex was one of the first companies to develop computer control systems for industry , primarily the paper-making industry .

the development of the control systems included the development of control software , and development of scanning sensors to measure different properties of paper .

the company was acquired by honeywell in march 1997 , at a price tag of almost $ 600 million .

at the acquisition , measurex had 2,250 employees in 30 countries and a revenue of $ 254 million .

measurex

repair measurex instruments , repairing of measurex instruments , industrial electronic repair , measurex rush repair , refurbished measurex products , authorized measurex service center , authorized measurex service center in vadodara , authorized measurex service center in gujarat , authorized measurex service center in india | synchronics electronics pvt . ltd .
exhibit 21 - - - measurex corporation listing of subsidiaries ( continued ) notes : ( 1 ) subsidiary of measurex corporation ( 2 ) subsidiary of measurex international corporation ( 3 ) subsidiary of measurex ( ireland ) limited ( 4 ) subsidiary of measurex inc . ( 5 ) subsidiary of measurex oy ( 6 ) 51 % owned by measurex latin america , 49 % owned by measurex international corporation ( 7 ) 70 % owned by measurex oy and 30 % owned by bcf holding oy . ( 8 ) subsidiary of measurex data measurement corporation
( 2 ) measurex pty . limited australia ( 2 ) measurex international gmbh austria ( 1 ) measurex foreign sales corporation barbados ( 2 ) measurex do brasil ltda . brazil ( 1 ) measurex systems , inc . california ( 1 ) measurex international corporation california ( 2 ) measurex latin america california ( 2 ) measurex asia , inc . california ( 2 ) measurex korea , inc . california ( 2 ) measurex taiwan , inc . california ( 4 ) measurex devron inc . canada ( 2 ) measurex inc . canada ( 1 ) measurex acquisition company delaware ( 5 ) bcf holding oy finland ( 2 ) measurex oy finland ( 7 ) roibox oy finland ( 2 ) measurex s . a . r . l . france ( 2 ) measurex gmbh germany ( 2 ) measurex italia s . r . l . italy ( 1 ) measurex japan limited japan ( 6 ) measurex s . a . de c . v . mexico ( 2 ) measurex b . v . the netherlands ( 2 ) measurex credit international b . v . the netherlands ( 2 ) measurex systems n . z . limited new zealand ( 2 ) measurex norway a . s . norway ( 2 ) measurex international financial , inc . panama ( 2 ) measurex ( portugal ) sistemas de controle , lda portugal ( 2 ) measurex ( ireland ) limited republic of ireland ( 2 ) measurex service company limited republic of ireland ( 3 ) measurex ireland finance republic of ireland ( 2 ) map results pte . ltd . singapore ( 2 ) measurex africa propriety limited south africa ( 2 ) measurex sweden a . b . sweden ( 2 ) measurex , a . g . ( switzerland ) switzerland ( 2 ) measurex international systems limited united kingdom ( 2 ) measurex de venezuela , c . a . venezuela
( 1 ) subsidiary of measurex corporation ( 2 ) subsidiary of measurex international corporation ( 3 ) subsidiary of measurex ( ireland ) limited ( 4 ) subsidiary of measurex inc . ( 5 ) subsidiary of measurex oy ( 6 ) 51 % owned by measurex latin america , 49 % owned by measurex international corporation ( 7 ) 99 . 9 % owned by measurex oy and bcf holding oy , 0 . 1 % owned by unrelated parties
exhibit 21 - - measurex corporation listing of subsidiaries ( continued ) notes : ( 1 ) subsidiary of measurex corporation ( 2 ) subsidiary of measurex international corporation ( 3 ) subsidiary of measurex ( ireland ) limited ( 4 ) subsidiary of measurex inc . ( 5 ) subsidiary of measurex oy ( 6 ) 51 % owned by measurex latin america , 49 % owned by measurex international corporation ( 7 ) 99 . 9 % owned by measurex oy and bcf holding oy , 0 . 1 % owned by unrelated parties
acs services most measurex electronic equipment . visit our repair services page to learn more about the types of measurex electronics we service .
( 2 ) measurex pty . limited australia ( 2 ) measurex international gmbh austria ( 1 ) measurex foreign sales corporation barbados ( 2 ) measurex do brasil ltda . brazil ( 1 ) measurex systems , inc . california ( 1 ) measurex international corporation california ( 2 ) measurex latin america california ( 2 ) measurex asia , inc . california ( 2 ) measurex korea , inc . california ( 2 ) measurex taiwan , inc . california ( 4 ) measurex devron inc . canada ( 2 ) measurex inc . canada ( 8 ) industrial gauging disc , inc . district of columbia ( 5 ) bcf holding oy finland ( 2 ) measurex oy finland ( 7 ) roibox oy finland ( 2 ) measurex s . a . r . l . france ( 8 ) dmc france s . a . r . l . france ( 2 ) measurex gmbh germany ( 8 ) dmc mess & regeltechnik gmbh germany ( 2 ) measurex italia s . r . l . italy ( 1 ) measurex japan limited japan ( 1 ) measurex data measurement corporation maryland ( 6 ) measurex s . a . de c . v . mexico ( 2 ) measurex b . v . the netherlands ( 2 ) measurex credit international b . v . the netherlands ( 2 ) measurex systems n . z . limited new zealand ( 2 ) measurex norway a . s . norway ( 2 ) measurex international financial , inc . panama ( 2 ) measurex ( portugal ) sistemas de controle , lda portugal ( 2 ) measurex ( ireland ) limited republic of ireland ( 3 ) measurex ireland finance republic of ireland ( 2 ) map results pte . ltd . singapore ( 2 ) measurex africa propriety limited south africa ( 2 ) measurex sweden a . b . sweden ( 2 ) measurex , a . g . ( switzerland ) switzerland ( 2 ) measurex olcum aletleri ticaret limited sirketi turkey ( 2 ) measurex international systems limited united kingdom ( 8 ) dmc ( u . k . ) limited united kingdom ( 8 ) dmc foreign sales corporation u . s . virgin islands ( 2 ) measurex de venezuela , c . a . venezuela
at one point , harnischfeger industries owned 25 percent of measurex , and measurex might have asked its parent for cash to help it develop a total plant system . but measurex bought out harnischfeger ' s interest last year .
it will be nice to all folks remember great time we had with measurex .
her
analysis of relationships
testing for employment at measurex started after that .
measurex machine gauging system with measurex scanner , central electronics unit , complete documentation and some spare parts . scan width 87
. moisture , basis weight , caliper .
the tps system will be the system platform for all the measurex systems ,
says tambakeras .
windows nt tps provides an excellent opportunity to leverage the technology within honeywell and measurex . honeywell ' s strength complements measurex in control systems .
he had some 6 inch slide rules made with the measurex logo on the back .
we will preserve the measurex approach to the marketplace in our new organization .
' ' people said , ' measurex sells to the paper industry ; we should sell measurex , ' ' ' said alexander p . paris sr . , an analyst with barrington research .
i was bored and decided to look up measurex , and was amazed to find your site .
the new honeywell - measurex organization will be headquartered in cupertino , california . it will be headed by gingerich , who is currently president and coo of measurex . the existing honeywell employees who are focused on the pulp and paper industry and the existing measurex organization will merge to form a single entity . tambakeras feels that there is an outstanding potential for blending the people skills of honeywell and measurex .
the
destruction
of measurex was because of many factors . honeywell just being one of them .
john gingerich , president and coo of measurex will be heading up the new honeywell - measurex organization , reporting to tambakeras .
i am very positive on this merger ,
gingerich says .
it gives measurex the broad systems base that we need to be successful in the pulp and paper industry .
both honeywell and measurex have service revenues that exceed a third of their total revenues , and this is high for the industry . measurex is a leader in services for quality control systems in the paper industry .
it was many years before someone wanted measurex equipment removed . customer wouldn ' t / couldn ' t pay , measurex wouldn ' t remove its equipment - fearing negative publicity ? - customer finally cut our equipment out - but by then measurex had a good reputation and the publicity hit was not serious : - |
the matrikonopc server for measurex provides read access to measurex systems via a serial port . the opc server communicates with the system as a foreign host , using the foreign host ascii protocol in half - duplex contention mode .
markos tambakeras , president of honeywell industrial control , describes the merger between honeywell and measurex as
outstanding synergy . we are extremely compatible . there is an uncanny similarity between the mission statements of honeywell and measurex .
no other issue raised by measurex merits discussion . we conclude , therefore , that the superior court correctly decided that measurex failed to establish that its lease of computer systems to the paper companies was not a taxable use .
is the word ! - dave ' s new company was
measurex
, and dodie was personnel manager .
system was in late development in 1972 when i joined measurex , and unknown to those outside of xerox parc .
best of luck to you and all the other folks that i had the privilege to work with at measurex .
it now appeared that indeed providence had kindly gazed down on herb and his quest to enter into measurex grail legend .
measurex consequently advanced to exceptional success in numerous countries worldwide with offices in australia , japan , and europe et al .
call now to speak to one of our measurex customer service reps , 800 - 605 - 6419 , or send your measurex electronics to acs for a free evaluation today ! click here for our free evaluation repair form , acs repair form .
there ' s a measurex® scoop to meet virtually every need : food , beverage , chemical , powdered , and more .
measurex knew how to make money : - ) have good enough software to sell it many times on its own specialized hardware .
it ' s kind of funny to see some of the names from so long ago . i read the bio of measurex .
one of the founders of measurex was eric dahlin . he was well known in the industry for his control techniques and alogrythms .
when i joined measurex in 1969 , dodie was not yet there . she was going to stanford earning her masters / phd .
the honeywell family . this family consists of honeywell regulator co . , brown instruments , measurex , “ge” , tetratech , etc .
dodie and dave send to all measurex folks this card . i lost all others that i had from 1978 . this one survived .
merger of the companies . the merger of honeywell and measurex gives the combined company a springboard in asia and latin america to offer totally integrated systems for the new mills and paper machines being built there . measurex ' s strength in quality management systems complements honeywell ' s dcs presence . this will help as mills want to buy more integrated systems . tambakeras sees measurex ' s strength in japan as especially important .
john c . gingerich , measurex ' s president , says wall street has overreacted , in that measurex ' s earnings growth has merely slowed , not stopped . ' ' the market trades on momentum , and our earnings growth just lost its momentum , ' ' he said .
dirk said in a 2011 e - mail
the software group for the keck telescopes [ 10 meter diameter , mona kea , hawaii ] is now heavily measurex - flavored . their director is kevin mccann who you might have met at measurex . i think you were still there when kevin came from ireland . he now has two people under him who used to be my colleagues at measurex in the later years .
measurex figured that companies rose and fell too fast in silicon valley and did not pretend to have a company retirement plan . instead , measurex provided generous matching funds into individual
401k
type plans . seems very foresighted now that former employees of many major companies are getting abandoned .
when measurex was the new kid on the block , the main selling point was digital control . industrial nucleonics was still selling the analog functions .
in 1987 , measurex hired a video production company called
great caesar ' s ghost , inc .
to produce a promotional / educational video
- ( sept 7 , 2007 ) ellen hightower e - mailed the measurex list
sorry to tell you that lumon morrow has passed on .
don’t know if you recall me , i worked at measurex from 1978 - 88 and shared my office for most of that period with marilyn clemo .
what kind / grade of paper did the first measurex system measure ? ( e . g . kraft , tissue , paper board , etc . )
we will preserve the measurex approach to the marketplace in our new organization ,
says gingerich . gingerich lists his most important tasks as follows :
measurex systems , inc . , appeals from a judgment of the superior court , kennebec county , upholding a use tax assessment by the state tax assessor based upon measurex leases of computer equipment to maine companies . on appeal measurex contends , inter alia , ( 1 ) that the measurex leases should be deemed
in lieu of purchase
under 36 m . r . s . a . § 1752 ( 13 ) ( 1978 ) ; ( 2 ) that measurex ' s use of the equipment is tax exempt under 36 m . r . s . a . § 1760 ( 31 ) ( 1978 ) ; ( 3 ) that the assessor ' s denial of exemption to measurex violates constitutional guarantees of equal protection ; and ( 4 ) that the software used with the computer systems is not subject to the use tax because it is not tangible personal property under 36 m . r . s . a . § 1752 ( 17 ) ( 1978 ) . because measurex failed to meet its burden of proving that the transactions were not taxable , we affirm the judgment .
part i . financial information item 1 . financial statements measurex corporation consolidated statements of income ( unaudited ) ( dollar amounts in thousands except per share data )
according to tambakeras , there is excellent synergy between the honeywell tps ( total plant solution ) system and the measurex qcs system . the new tps system will be based on intel technology , as well as that from motorola . this will work well with measurex ' s technology , which is intel - based .
measurex was acquired by honeywell in 1997 . bossen had served measurex as ceo and then chairman of the board until 1997 . he retired in 2000 as “chairman emeritus” . he was a tappi fellow , a member of pima , and a member of american electronics association . he had 19 patents to his credits .
measurex ' s third contention is based upon the fact that as a supplier / lessor it is required to pay use tax while a manufacturer / lessor is not required to pay such tax . thus , measurex argues , it has been denied equal protection of the law in violation of the maine and united states constitutions . measurex has the burden of proving the constitutional violation . brann v . state , 424 a . 2d 699 , 703 ( me . 1981 ) .
measurex is the leading supplier of controls for machines that turn pulp into paper , providing technologies for monitoring the condition of the machines that make paper as well as the quality of the paper they turn out . mr . paris says that a modern paper machine could use $ 2 . 7 million of measurex equipment .
just found your page about measurex . i am a technician at honeywell , formerly measurex , qcs integration facility in north vancouver , bc , canada . started in the fall 2007 . many techs and assemblers have been around much , much longer . they fondly remember the measurex time , when the company splurged on parties and such . the company name may be different , but the spirit that drives the place seems to have survived . there is a lot of camaraderie that makes it such a nice place to go to every day ! nice to see that the history of measurex is not being forgotten . keep up the good work !
featured text / code editing with an early mouse - really handy compared to the keyboard controlled editing we were using . although very memory cramped by today ' s standards , this wave of the future was developed about 10 miles from measurex . then steve jobs of apple , 2 miles from measurex , commercialized this idea with the
somehow a pool of $ 120 dollars was collected and that saturday night a delegation of mostly measurex software engineering showed up at the saddlerack to participate in the excitement .
system no 1 was at simpson lee paper in ripon ca . they made fine paper of various grades . i was measurex ' s first field service engineer there .
in about 1970 ? , gunnar joined measurex as part of sensor development . the following are my recollections , corrected by john dahlquist , thanks much john : - ) )
dave bossen and assorted vps loitered nearby with mellifluous music playing as the beer and wine flowed at a ‘end of the quarter’ party in the measurex parking lot ; the consumed libations inspired jerry mccann to swiftly seize robin sinee and fling her over his shoulder to then hastily sprint away from the measurex assemblage while loudly exclaiming , as robin screamed , ……”i got mine ! ” ty chen became mortified and feared that some would cease gainful employment owing to such frolics . fortunately , measurex leadership exhibited broad tolerance to such undomesticated behavior .
while in the venture capital business , bill draper was a founding investor in apollo computer dionex , integrated genetics , quantum , activision , measurex , hybritech , and lsi logic .
measurex acquired the north vancouver firm devron - hercules inc . in 1991 . devron was a company specializing in solutions for cross directional optimization of the paper sheet in paper machines .
i was recently cleaning out my garage and discovered a bunch of promotional
giveaways
measurex used in the past . ( see attached photo ) the variety is quite impressive : - measurex - branded golf balls , - various pens , - key chains , - measurex - branded books about silicon valley , - beer mugs , - coasters / paper weights i know a variety of golf shirts were produced but i think those were for employees rather than customers . and i ' m guessing there were many other promotional giveaways as well .
measurex systems , inc . v . state tax assessor : : 1985 : : maine supreme judicial court decisions : : maine case law : : maine law : : us law : : justia
in 1968 , bossen founded measurex corporation and was at its helm until 1997 . this was a revolutionary period for the paper industry , since prior to this time few paper machines were equipped with on - line measurement sensors and control systems . the technology developed by measurex led to improved paper quality , reduced paper losses , better machine efficiency , energy savings and optimized use of raw materials .
a few years later , honeywell was bought by allied signal , which renamed its self to
honeywell
. allied signal / honeywell was strictly bean counters squeezing cash cow old measurex . see below
on may 24 , 1978 , the assessor imposed a use tax assessment against measurex systems ( measurex ) of $ 76 , 870 . 90 plus additional interest of $ 13 , 619 . 83 . measurex protested the assessment and petitioned for a reconsideration pursuant to the version of 36 m . r . s . a . § 151 ( supp . 1984 ) then in effect . [ 1 ] on august 22 , 1979 , the assessor denied the petition . measurex then appealed to the superior court for a hearing de novo under section 151 . [ 2 ] after considerable delay , the parties submitted an agreed statement of facts . on march 8 , 1984 , the superior court affirmed the assessor ' s decision that the systems were taxable but found that to the extent that software was customized , its cost was exempt as services . we review the decision of the superior court [ 3 ] to determine whether measurex has met its burden of proving that the transaction was not taxable . [ 4 ]
honeywell inc . and measurex corp . have reached an agreement , announced on january 27 , to merge the two companies in an all - cash transaction valued at about $ 600 million , or about $ 35 per share . honeywell will start a tender offer for all measurex stock in an agreement approved by the board of directors of both companies . the merger is expected to be completed this month .
his vision from the beginning was to secure outstanding economic results for his customers so they could afford to pay a price that would enable measurex to have outstanding economic results for both its employees and shareholders . in addition , he wanted to provide an opportunity for personal growth for the employees so that as the company grew , they would grow . bossen also wanted measurex to be an enjoyable place to work .
bossen was so confident of his technology that he offered a “results guarantee” of 99 % uptime operation . hence , as the “results company” , measurex grew rapidly installing over 3 , 000 paper machine control systems worldwide by 1988 . today , close to 100 % of paper machines use on - line control systems benefitting from technologies developed by measurex ( and subsequently by others ) that allow paper machines to operate efficiently .
measurex corporation index part i . financial information - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
i´m the first measurex employed in brazil . i had been visiting this page and last week working on my office i found a nice picture received from dodie and dave bossen in december 1988 . great times it was .
location total sq . ft . use - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - kuopio , finland 40 , 000 measurex roibox oy ' s offices , research and manufacturing operations . gaithersburg , maryland 100 , 000 measurex dmc ' s offices , research and manufacturing operations .
the first sucessful measurex grade change was made by a simpson lee backtender long before grade change was implemented in the software . he simply changed the bw target by 20lb not knowing the equipment was not designed to do it .
indeed , while news of the merger pushed measurex ' s stock up $ 10 . 50 , to $ 34 . 75 , honeywell ' s shares dipped just 62 . 5 cents , closing at $ 69 . 375 .
david a . bossen , chairman of the board of directors and chief executive officer , measurex corporation orion l . hoch director jeffery t . grade director john w . larson director j . w . mckittrick director graham tyson director
measurex service company limited was founded on 18 aug 1977 and has its registered office in dublin 4 . . the organisation ' s status is listed as
dissolved
. it had 3 directors at the time it closed .
i never met you , but your remarks sure ring a bell . my measurex experience served me to this day , for the reasons you state – good training , great boss , and “grow as much as you can” attitude .
some of the initial strikes against measurex within honeywell were caused by some executives stacking the books in their favor when they retired . that caused the year after their retirement to be a disaster which caused honeywell to come in heavy handed .
this is dave bossen at a reunion of ex - measurex folks at the duke of edinburgh - cupertino january 7 , 2006 , almost 40 years after he started measurex . there is a rumor that he still plays a good game of golf . good straight drives , . . . when pressed for a weakness , the informant said that his chip shot game could improve ; - ) ) about 50 of us ex - measurex folks had a good time telling of the past and what we are doing now : - ) ) ( update - photo of big dave at jan 2007 reunion courtesy jeanne whitmer , organizer ) this continues to be an annual event , a saturday evening in early january . about 60 folks -
harold welch got the picture ( below )
from john swan who works for honeywell - measurex as a trainer here in the atlanta area . he said that the picture originated from terry kerr , an ex measurex field guy . also , while it looks like it could be system 1 , i am not sure . the scanner is very short which was the case for system 1 at simpson lee in ripon ca .
folks think that is jerry patel behind the scanner heads .
i also had the distinction of getting called in to repair a system that had failed because the mains had shorted . at the back of the measurex unit where 3 long vertical power strips that feed the various pieces of equipment . the wires had rubbed along these strips wearing through the insulation and causing a massive short with sparks . i remember the mill guys clapping when i was trying to figure out what went wrong and then there were massive sparks flying out of the measurex unit . they thought it was me that caused the problem . i bowed gracefully and called my boss who was still sleeping . then the big boss dennis reminded me that i seemed to have my share of problems with measurex . after that i left for europe .
. i confess i must suffer some responsibility or accountability for the emergence of that nefarious episode in measurex history . my role in much of life from college on has been one of instigator , leaving the flowering of such instigation to more entrepreneurial types .
honeywell has been very active in expanding its products for the pulp and paper industry . this has been achieved by a combination of internal developments as well as acquisitions . this latest proposed acquisition of measurex will give honeywell a very strong presence in the pulp and paper industry . it combines honeywell ' s strength in distributed control systems ( dcss ) , pulp mill controls , and process control services with measurex ' s strengths in sensor - based paper quality control systems ( qcss ) , paper machine actuators , and paper quality control services .
honeywell already has a strong dcs focus on the paper industry . now this will be combined with the very aggressive and entrepreneurial organization of measurex . it will be interesting to watch as the two cultures seek a common value system and a common approach to the customers .
this is a picture of a scanner after measurex was purchased by honeywell . the scan heads go back and forth across the paper as a pair measuring
slices
( say 2 inches wide ) of the sheet . if the customer has suitable equipment , measurex could control each say 2 inch slice to proper characteristics : - ) ) gauges included moisture , fiber , ( moisture vs fiber gave basis weight ) , color , thickness . a scanner was about 7 feet tall and up to 30 feet wide depending on customer equipment width .
honeywell insists it did not overpay for measurex . the $ 35 price represents 11 times pretax earnings and 8 . 1 times cash flow ; mr . bonsignore insists that buyers of industrial companies in the last year paid 16 times earnings and 11 . 7 times cash flow .
tambakeras sums up the merger this way :
the number one priority is the customer , as honeywell and measurex define their combined systems and service organizations . honeywell will move rapidly on the merger to address the needs of customers in the area of products and support .
they started in a garage setup at 330 matthew street in santa clara ( on the perimeter of san jose airport ) , later used by stormedia ( a ridgid disk maker ) . later on measurex moved to the cupertino location when they bought the cannery property in monta vista .
honeywell has a long history of customer support . new products , such as the tps system , are backwards compatible with existing total distributed control ( tdc ) systems . and tdc 3000 systems were compatible with tdc 2000 . this will continue as the honeywell and measurex systems converge .
having been with measurex from march 1971 to june of 1977 starting on mathew street , then # 1 results way in cupertino and then finally out of the portland , oregon office ; well there were a lot of
interesting
stories to tell . . . and interesting people .
conclusion . dave bossen still bristles at the idea of retirement . in his new position as chairman and ceo , he will focus on long - term trends and opportunities . he is now focusing on potential acquisitions and business development . he has taken over direct control of the measurex systems div . in cincinnati , ohio , in an effort to change the paradigm to well - documented packaged systems . in the acquisition area , he is investigating several opportunities and considers the environmental field very interesting . and after 25 years , he still finds measurex an enjoyable place to work .
conclusion . dave bossen still bristles at the idea of retirement . in his new position as chairman and ceo , he will focus on long - term trends and opportunities . he is now focusing on potential acquisitions and business development . he has taken over direct control of the measurex systems div . in cincinnati , ohio , in an effort to change the paradigm to well - documented packaged systems . in the acquisition area , he is investigating several opportunities and considers the environmental field very interesting . and after 25 years , he still finds measurex an enjoyable place to work .
jim had an advanced degree in psychology , but had gotten hooked on the statistical aspect , and hence into programming . not only was he programming full time at measurex , he was a featured columnist in some unix / c publication , and he was supplementing his income doing contract software for others . he unfortunately did some work for jack tramiel , boss of commodore . jack was getting the name
jack - so sue me - tramiel
. he usually wouldn ' t pay unless sued . painful lesson in various business practices . i never heard of measurex screwing anyone .
the first measurex system was installed on a fine paper machine at ripon , california . this was before my time but i worked there much later , after system # 1 had been replaced by system # 2000 . the machine made fine paper , lots of colors , lots of weights .
recently , a few of us old ex - measurex guys living close to appleton wisconsin were invited to attend a dinner where dave bossen was inducted into the paper industry international hall of fame and honored for his contribution to the industry . darlene bossen and anders axellson were also in attendance .
it had better be . honeywell is paying $ 35 a share for measurex , a level the company ' s stock has not seen since late 1995 , when paper prices started to fall . it closed at $ 24 on friday , the last trading day before the merger was announced .
by that time , the six months was up - - my friend ' s attempted document was not published . - he was not invited back . - there never was an approved document developed - - this was at measurex , the world leader in paper process control for over 20 years -
following a multi - year effort to streamline processes and enhance its internal infrastructure , honeywell - measurex announced plans nov . 16 to consolidate its facilities in finland . the company will combine its web inspection and imaging systems ( wis ) business unit with its printa unit during the next year , and will add its kuopio facility to its neaby varkaus operation . honeywell - measurex says the transition will be managed to prevent any disruption in deliveries or service to customers . wis systems manufacturing for north america will be tranferred to the new cupertino - based regional delivery center , due in mid - 1999 .
i gave two - weeks’ notice to jack in the box , figuring i could grind it out working graveyard , then 8 hours at measurex immediately thereafter , for a small amount of time . i learned differently very quickly . on my second day of work at measurex , i arrived about 20 minutes early from my restaurant gig and figured i’d take a short nap in my car . i woke up three hours later , ran in to the mail room , where carl ( who had assumed that after my first day i had just walked out ) gave me some good - natured razzing and doddy never said a word about it . on one of my breaks that day i called the manager at jack in the box and told him i was done . i worked at measurex until march of 1980 , and i’ll never forget the warmth and family atmosphere that existed there at the time .
honeywell makes controls for machines that turn wood into pulp , and has a lot of experience making total - plant control systems for chemical and oil companies . like measurex , it gets about a third of its paper - related revenue from services , which offer much higher profit margins than manufacturing controls .
this project was the consolidation of honeywell - measurex from nine ( 9 ) existing buildings into four ( 4 ) buildings and the construction of a new manufacturing building . over the course of approximately one ( 1 ) year mai renovated / remodeled approximately 170 , 000 sf of existing / occupied office / lab area
measurex corporation signatures pursuant to the requirements of the securities exchange act of 1934 , the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized . measurex corporation - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ( registrant ) date : july 11 , 1994 by : / s / carl a . thomsen - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - senior vice president and chief financial officer 17
honeywell inc . , the minneapolis maker of electronic controls , said yesterday that it would acquire the measurex corporation , a cupertino , calif . , maker of controls for the paper industry , for $ 600 million in cash . the merger makes honeywell the leading seller of controls and services for pulp and paper plants .
if you have measurex repair problems , our expert customer service reps will help you solve them with workable , economical solutions . need a rush - repair ? no problem , try our rush service . call 800 - 605 - 6419 now to speak to one of our customer service representatives , or use our contact page .
exhibit 23 - - consent of independent accountants we consent to the incorporation by reference in the registration statements of measurex corporation and subsidiaries on form s - 8 ( file nos . 33 - 65762 , 33 - 22589 , 2 - 76707 and 2 - 67736 ) of our report dated december 19 , 1995 on our audits of the consolidated financial statements of measurex corporation and subsidiaries as of december 3 , 1995 and november 27 , 1994 and for each of the three fiscal years in the period ended december 3 , 1995 appearing on page 30 of measurex corporation ' s 1995 annual report to shareholders and incorporated by reference in this annual report on form 10 - k and our report dated december 19 , 1995 on the financial statement schedules of measurex corporation and subsidiaries as of december 3 , 1995 and november 27 , 1994 and for each of the three fiscal years in the period ended december 3 , 1995 , which report is included in this annual report on form 10 - k . / s / coopers & lybrand l . l . p . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - coopers & lybrand l . l . p . san jose , california february 29 , 1996
one evening i ventured into san jose’s saddle rack to experience the largest bar in the area equipped with a mechanical bull and became quite fascinated with mud wrestling and the contemplation that some member of measurex’s more audacious staff could possibly vie for the much vaunted mud wrestling title . upon sharing my experience and hopes with some promising promoters the next day we quickly found many measurex hopefuls in attendance at the saddle rack the very next week . regrettably , i was unable to attend this first gathering , but fortunately for me , the bidding war for the privilege was lost to a more affluent congregation . but with little despair and brimming with great hope , the same assemblage returned to the saddle rack the following week and victory this time was ours . the honor of representing measurex fell to mike powell . mike performed admirably and was designated the winner of this hard fought contest with fame and celebrity his reward . sadly though , mike never defended his title and fell into mud wrestling historical obscurity afterwards .
second , measurex argues that the transaction should be exempt from the use tax pursuant to 36 m . r . s . a . § 1760 ( 31 ) ( 1978 ) as a use
by the purchaser . . . in the production of tangible personal property .
[ 7 ] in harold macquinn , inc . v . halperin , 415 a . 2d 818 ( me . 1980 ) , we determined that the bailment of machinery to another contractor was not use by the purchaser within the meaning of section 1760 ( 31 ) . as we stated in macquinn , when the legislature intended to include leasing in exemptions from sales and use tax , it specifically said so . moreover , exemptions in tax statutes should be strictly construed . id . at 820 . measurex has failed to demonstrate that its transaction is distinguishable from the bailment in macquinn . measurex has not shown , therefore , that the systems are in * 1195
use by the purchaser
as required by section 1760 ( 31 ) .
it ' s the passing of an era for process control . three of the pioneers who changed the way that paper machine quality parameters are measured and controlled have recently turned over the daily operation of their companies to others . they are david bossen at measurex , david nelson at accuray ( abb ) , and alois kohl at lippke ( honeywell ) .
measurex corporation signatures pursuant to the requirements of the securities exchange act of 1934 , the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized . measurex corporation - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ( registrant ) date april 11 , 1994 by / s / carl a . thomsen - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - senior vice president and chief financial officer 16
exhibit 23 - - consent of independent accountants we consent to the incorporation by reference in the registration statements of measurex corporation and subsidiaries on form s - 8 ( file nos . 33 - 65762 , 33 - 22589 , 2 - 76707 and 2 - 67736 ) of our report dated december 17 , 1996 ( january 27 , 1997 as to the information included in the note titled
subsequent event
) on our audits of the consolidated financial statements of measurex corporation and subsidiaries as of december 1 , 1996 and december 3 , 1995 and for each of the three fiscal years in the period ended december 1 , 1996 appearing in this annual report on form 10 - k of measurex corporation and subsidiaries for the fiscal year ended december 1 , 1996 . / s / coopers & lybrand l . l . p . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - coopers & lybrand l . l . p . san jose , california february 21 , 1997
most importantly , the merger will bring the two companies in line with a major industry trend , the integration of all steps in manufacturing operations . by themselves , neither honeywell nor measurex offered the controls or systems necessary to take paper items from raw material all the way to shipped product . but combining their operations will enable the companies to move toward integration .
following a multi - year effort to streamline processes and enhance its internal infrastructure , honeywell - measurex announced plans nov . 16 to consolidate its facilities in finland . the company will combine its web inspection and imaging systems ( wis ) business unit with its printa unit during the next year , and will add its kuopio facility to its neaby varkaus oper . . .
the open
mix and match
approach is especially important for the north american and european paper makers .
i believe the merger will be good , because measurex is a strong quality control supplier , while honeywell is strong in dcs ,
commented tom grubb , director of information technology at donohue inc . he does not see a big impact on his mill .
report of independent accountants to the shareholders measurex corporation our report on the consolidated financial statements of measurex corporation and subsidiaries as of december 3 , 1995 and november 27 , 1994 and for each of the three fiscal years in the period ended december 3 , 1995 , has been incorporated by reference in this form 10 - k from page 30 of measurex corporation ' s 1995 annual report to shareholders . in connection with our audits of such financial statements , we have also audited the related financial statement schedules listed in the index on page 13 of this form 10 - k . in our opinion , the financial statement schedules referred to above , when considered in relation to the basic financial statements taken as a whole , present fairly , in all material respects , the information required to be included therein . / s / coopers & lybrand l . l . p . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - coopers & lybrand l . l . p . san jose , california december 19 , 1995 14
i had a techwriter friend , bill hauser , who got a contract with measurex . the six month contract was to write the manual for calibrating a sensor which measured the weight of fiber in paper . the weight of fiber in an area of paper is called
basis weight
, that is the weight you see on a ream of paper - like 20 lbs .
i have a sign on my office door that reads ,
we don ' t get paid for effort , we get paid for results
. it doesn ' t matter that i ' m the only one who knows where it came from , the message is clear . i think that little snippet of philosophy is what drives me . measurex will always be special .
the dde server for honeywell measurex is opc certified ! opc certification is the process of ensuring that applications meet the standards specified by the opc foundation . opc certification requires extensive testing to ensure true interoperability . opc certification means multi - vendor system interoperability is guaranteed . if your opc products are not certified , you need to ask your vendor what sort of guarantees they offer .
impact on products . the merger is good for both companies because it gives honeywell an increased market and product presence in sensor - based quality systems for the paper mill , while measurex gets an excellent distributed control system platform upon which to base its sensors and applications . individually , both companies had attempted this development internally , but were not as successful as they had wished .
however , tantalizing near the conclusion of the testing period mike shelly , the measurex qa man assigned to herb’s system and unaware of this historic mission , audaciously documented a discrepancy into the hereto error free qa system log . understandably disconcerted by this shocking setback , herb departed the premises abruptly and his whereabouts remained uncertain for several days ; sadly this terminated the last known grail quest .
dave , a world war ii veteran serving in the u . s . marine corps , would often proudly fly the u . s . marine corps flag alongside the american and state flags at the company headquarters in cupertino , ca . yet with all his success , he and his wife doris remained caring and affable as they kindly greeted anyone encountering them in the hallways of measurex .
report of independent accountants to the shareholders , measurex corporation our report on the consolidated financial statements of measurex corporation and subsidiaries is included on page 25 of this form 10 - k . in connection with our audit of such financial statements , we have also audited the related financial statement schedules listed in the index on page 29 of this form 10 - k . in our opinion , the financial statement schedules referred to above , when considered in relation to the basic financial statements taken as a whole , present fairly , in all material respects , the information required to be included therein . / s / coopers & lybrand llp san jose , california december 17 , 1996 , except for the note titled
subsequent event
, as to which the date is january 27 , 1997 . 32
friday going away parties in the software department for measurex employees transitioning to other employments were usually raucous affairs and generally , with very few exceptions , persisting well past friday lunch hours , and some advancing into the evening hours as well . during one occasion at a hwy 9 restaurant , a male and female employee became embroiled in an inebriated tiff , in which the man dumped an iced drink in the lady’s lap . not to be outdone , the woman commenced to open up a ketchup container and vigorously wave the container past the fellow , who ducked at the precise moment , only to leave a line of ketchup on the wall behind him… . . an incensed waitress witnessing the scene at that critical juncture vigorously encouraged the measurex assemblage to vacate the premises with due haste . the subsequent party necessitated scheduling at another restaurant .
in north america and europe , both honeywell and measurex have strong organizations . the control systems market in these areas , as already mentioned , are primarily oriented around process and control equipment upgrades , as opposed to new mills and machines . as a result , suppliers must offer open systems that allow the users to
mix and match
components as they desire . openness is required to survive in these markets .
dave bossen is the most successful measurement and control entrepreneur in the pulp and paper industry . bossen started measurex in 1969 . by 1993 , he had built it to a company with revenues of $ 254 million and 2 , 250 employees in 30 countries . he recently became chairman and chief executive officer , handing the day - to - day operations to john gingerich , who is now chief operating officer and president .
i arrived a little early ( a bad habit i don ' t seem to break ; - ) at the duke of edinburgh , cupertino . there was pat mcsweeney waiting for
the rest of us
- and she was wearing the old measurex badge . this was the style of badge i was issued in 1972 - george wells , employee # 3xx said the original badge at mathew street did not have a picture .
building a dec or hp system devoid of qa errors appeared unattainable and later emerged into a sort of an elusive holy grail in measurex legend . one heroic attempt , however , was documented to snatch this elusive prize . the man of the hour was herb baumgartner , our office neighbor and measurex programmer freshly entrusted with a project , now a quest , to create a new , but duplicate system he fashioned earlier for the same customer . herb , like the knight of grail legend , now seemed blessed by fate with the opportunity to craft the fabled “perfect system” and thus enter into the annals of results way legend . armed with prior knowledge of all qa errors , plus all known audit trail edits on the previous system , he meticulously lined up the foot high databases of old and new systems side - by - side to laboriously advance page by page to apprehend any elusive errors .
honeywell sells to the paper industry , too , of course , but few investors see honeywell ' s future as tied to any one customer base . measurex and honeywell together sold about $ 600 million of equipment and services to paper companies last year - - a hefty chunk of the estimated $ 2 . 2 billion world market for pulp and paper controls , but a fraction of honeywell ' s $ 7 . 3 billion sales last year .
he invited me down to the bar after grading my tests and we had a pitcher of beer - - he stood up , shook my hand and said i ' d get plane tickets to cupertino on monday ! that ' s how measurex moved in those days - - strike like a cobra . i was there 2 years . one extra job the fe had in snowflake was to also maintain the mill ' s railroad crossing light electrics . what a kick !
when a system order was determined by the sensors , we often got the order . this was especially true in difficult situations such as high - temperature positions , places with high vibration , or sheets with a lot of chemicals in them . this tended to restrict us to more of the specialty business . when a system was ordered for mass products , such as newsprint and liner , we would lose out to measurex and accuray . another reason we would lose is that we did not sell our systems on a money - back guarantee basis with a baby - sitter ; my business philosophy would not allow me to do that . as a result , we never were in the red financially , but on the other hand , this may have restricted our growth . it was also difficult for us to compete with measurex and accuray as their home market was about 50 % of the business , whereas europe only represents about 25 % of the market .


agriculture in myanmar ( also known as burma ) is the main industry in the country , accounting for 60 percent of the gdp and employing some 65 percent of the labour force .

burma was once asia 's largest exporter of rice , and rice remains the country 's most crucial agricultural commodity .

other main crops include pulses , beans , sesame , groundnuts , sugarcane , lumber , and fish .

moreover , livestock are raised as both a source of food and labour .

agriculture in myanmar

social impacts of myanmar agriculture development . how does agriculture development affect the society / community ?
which are the agriculture crops grown and exported from myanmar ? please give names of the exporters of agriculture crops .
i want to know myanmar agriculture product ' s export and input data from 2006 to 2013 . and then want to know myanmar agriculture method .
yezin agricultural university ( yau ) is the only institution of higher learning in agriculture in myanmar .
core doc _ strategic directions for myanmar agriculture sector 2018 - 2023 _ moali . pdf
• care myanmar has a rural livelihoods coordinator and is involved in agriculture , but not yet in fisheries or aquaculture .
enforcement of fishing activities involves the myanmar navy ; myanmar coast guard ; dof ; myanmar customs department ; and myanmar police force . overall , the myanmar navy coordinates surveillance efforts .
i want to know myanmar agriculture method and want to know crop yield and production yearly data .
the largest contributor to myanmar’s economy . about half of all agricultural land in myanmar is devoted to
agriculture is the largest and most diverse industry on the planet . the demand for qualified employees in the agriculture and food production industry is quite high . agriculture is the scientific study of the interaction between humans , natural resources , and livestock . there are several concentrations for agriculture including agricultural economics and commercial agriculture . the agriculture major may be designed for students who desire a career in management positions in farm - related industries such as livestock and food products .
the department of agriculture has plans to open a call centre aimed at quickly answering agricultural questions from farmers throughout myanmar .
myanmar recently becomes a booming market which considers creating a lot of opportunities for forcing business and investing market . especially in agriculture section to serving a rapid growth consumption demand of 60 million people , myanmar has also the largest land in southest asia promising a development of agriculture sector .
a survey conducted by the united nations’ food and agriculture organization in 2006 found that fish accounts for about 22 percent of protein intake of myanmar households .
the development of agriculture is a main pillar of myanmar’s growth strategies . it is natural for the myanmar government to prioritize agriculture as a source of economic growth , since it accounted for 36 % of gdp , employs a majority of labor force , and generates nearly 30 % of exports as of 2010 . although the agricultural share in gdp and employment usually declines as an economy grows , it is not a sunset industry in myanmar . methods exist for increasing agriculture’s value added other than the growth of labor and land inputs . the key is to enhance three productivity measures : labor , land , and total productivity . we call this strategy “agriculture plus plus . ” keywords : myanmar ( burma ) , agriculture , agriculture plus plus , senary sector of agriculture , growth strategy jel classification : o13 , o53 , q10
to encourage local and international investment in agriculture sector for the development of advanced agricultural technology and commercial agricultural production .
higher levels of investment and access to credit are essential for the development of myanmar’s agriculture sector to reach its full potential , according to experts .
guidelines _ gender based violence ( food security - agriculture ) _ iasc _ 2015 . pdf
the rise in temperature in myanmar is expected to have negative impacts on agricultural production and food security .
myanmar is an agricultural country , and the agriculture sector is the backbone of its economy . the agriculture sector contributes to 37 . 8 percent of gross domestic product ( gdp ) , accounts for 25 to 30 percent of total export earnings and employs 70 percent of the labour force . myanmar has established 12 political , economic and social objectives in its efforts to establish a peaceful , modern and developed country . one major economic objective is “development of agriculture as a base and all - round development of other sectors of the economy as well . ” myanmar agriculture policies
myanmar has historically been an agrarian society , meaning that agriculture the agriculture sector accounts for the majority of the country’s economic output . the 2003 myanmar agricultural census showed that there were about 3 . 46 million farm families , cultivating about 8 . 7 million hectares of land . 1 the estimated annual income per agricultural worker in myanmar was us $ 194 in 2012 compared to us $ 6 , 680 in malaysia and us $ 706 in thailand . 2
“about 70 percent of the population is engaged in agriculture and livestock . no improvement has been made to these sectors despite greater market opportunities , ” u win kyaing , general secretary of myanmar fisheries association , told the myanmar times .
fishing experts from the afd visited myanmar in 2015 and conducted a feasibility study .
watch new video documentary : warmer days . myanmar in the age of climate change
the vessel monitoring system ( vms ) is to be fitted on all offshore fishing vessels operating in myanmar territorial waters , said deputy agriculture , livestock and irrigation minister u hla kyaw .
in june 2001 , a severe flash flood occurred in the wundwin township in central myanmar , which swept away a number of villages .
simplification of government structure would help , he said . fisheries and livestock come under the ministry of livestock , fisheries and rural development , and agriculture is handled by the ministry of agriculture and irrigation .
nay pyi taw , myanmar – the former ministry of agriculture and irrigation ( moai ) has been re - organized under the new myanmar democratic government into the ministry of agriculture , livestock and irrigation ( moali ) . moali is an integration of the moai , ministry of livestock , fisheries and rural development , and ministry of cooperatives .
agricultural activities have attracted some investment from foreign entities , however . in recent years , china , thailand , south korea and japan have invested in agriculture in myanmar . china has invested in the plantations of sugarcane and fruit , while thailand has invested in vegetable and fruit plantations throughout the country . 14
delighted to see that myanmar’s farming systems are well diversified but very sorry to learn that farm profits in myanmar are among the lowest in asia . there is no doubt that myanmar needs effective seed systems and national fertiliser policy strategies to meet the improving agricultural public programs , and to increase the future agricultural productivity and sustainably in myanmar .
agriculture is the mainstay of the myanmar’s economy , contributing 37 . 8 percent of gross domestic product ( gdp ) in 2010 , down from 47 percent in 2005 / 2006 . agriculture , which includes crops , livestock , fisheries and forestry , accounts for just over 52 percent of the working population aged 15 years and over . 1
3wmap _ countrywide vt _ agriculture , iwr and cb _ mimu1588v01 _ 18apr2018 _ a3 . vm18 . pdf
rice is the most important agricultural commodity of myanmar and produced over 27 million tons in 2013 . 1 monsoon paddy is the main crop for both small and large farms in myanmar . 4
china is the biggest buyer of myanmar fish in terms of export value . myanmar’s export volume to china increased by 48 percent between the period 2009 and 2013 .
) , both giving researchers in low - income countries free or low cost access to a wealth of scientific research and information on agriculture .
the review , undertaken in the last three years by the oecd development centre ( an international organization helping governments tackle the economic , social and governance challenges of a globalized economy ) and multiple stakeholders in myanmar found that transforming to a modern economy would require “upgrades” in agriculture , manufacturing and services , with agriculture a particular sweet - spot for future investment . however , succeeding means switching from an agrarian base reliant on small - scale agriculture at present towards a broad range of modern activities .
oo , tin htut ; shwe , tin maung . 2014 . role of seed in transforming of agriculture in myanmar . resakss policy note 2 . washington , d . c . : international food policy research institute ( ifpri ) . urltoken
to encourage transformation from conventional to mechanized agriculture , production of crops appropriate with climate and extension of irrigated area .
multi - dimensional review of myanmar - volume 2 . in - depth analysis and recommendations - en
about 32 million people in myanmar rely on the rice farming business , u tin htwe said .
myanmar’s unusually fertile soils and abundant water source are legendary in southeast asia . it is even said that myanmar has the most favorable agricultural conditions in all of asia . almost anything can be grown in the country , from fruits to vegetables , from rice to pulses . the agriculture sector dominates the economy , contributing 38 % of gdp , and employing more than 60 % of the workforce . the importance of agriculture in the economy and as an employer will diminish in coming years as a result of structural transformation . however , the sector will continue to play a remarkable role in reducing poverty in myanmar for many years to come .
this report was prepared by the world bank in partnership with the livelihoods and food security multi - donor trust fund ( lift ) . both the world bank and the lift are actively involved in supporting myanmar’s agriculture sector given its significance in . . . see more +
according to a multi dimensional review of the country agri - food and agriculture are key areas of investment for myanmar’s government , but unlocking their potential requires legal reform , better financing and training in modern farming methods .
myanmar was the tenth highest producer of marine capture fisheries in 2012 . between 2003 and 2012 , marine catch in myanmar increased by 121 percent which was the highest among the 18 major producing countries .
it is estimated that the annual income per agricultural worker in myanmar was us $ 194 in 2012 compared to us $ 6 , 680 in malaysia and us $ 706 in thailand . 3
there is a small but increasing involvement of international ngos in rural development in myanmar , and some are showing an interest in fisheries and aquaculture for poverty alleviation . the myanmar fisheries federation ( mff ) , part of the asean fisheries federation , is also supporting aquaculture development in myanmar , although efforts are focused more on inland areas .
gdp composition by sector : agriculture : 50 % industry : 15 % services : 35 % ( 2006 est . )
highly successful in the us , precision agriculture enables farmers to get the most out of their crops without exhausting precious resources such as water , fertiliser or seeds . this form of agriculture involves monitoring fields and installing sensors in the soil in order to understand crops at a micro level and receive accurate data to better manage harvests .
• myanmar agricultural development expert and visionary to receive 2015 dioscoro l . umali achievement award in agricultural development
in june 2010 , intense rains resulted in excessive sedimentation of paddy fields in rakhine state .
the vms project is joint effort between the ministry agriculture , livestock and irrigation cooperated and the french development agency ( afd ) which began in 2014 .
the progressive melting of glaciers may have an impact on the himalayan region of myanmar which provides large quantities of water to many parts of myanmar .
agriculture is the most important part of the myanmar economy . myanmar has a long history of agricultural production and currently 70 % of the workforce are engaged in agricultural employment . 50 % of the gross domestic product can be attributed to agriculture . myanmar’s agricultural products include rice , pulses , beans , sesame , groundnuts , sugarcane , hardwood , fish and fish products . much of myanmar’s export industry is focused mostly on raw products and include gas , wood products , pulses , beans , fish , rice , clothing , jade and gems . myanmar is also the world’s second largest producer of opium . the sheer scale of agricultural impact cannot be overlooked in the country .
this major can combine elements of business , agriculture , and agricultural economics . with appropriate choices of elective courses , students can also prepare themselves for positions with financial institutions involved with agriculture industry . students who major in agriculture have an interest in preserving , studying , and managing many forms of natural resources , particularly those related to farming and animal husbandry . these students may enjoy learning about business strategies , supervising others , and may seek to become managers . these students do not shy away from learning scientific theories or conducting research . agriculture majors should be strong in the sciences , especially in biology and chemistry .
there are several ministries involved in agriculture , natural resources and rural development . the ministry of national planning and economic development was tasked with the overall planning and development of all national economic sectors , including the agriculture sector with its crop , livestock , fishery and forestry sub - sectors . the ministry of agriculture and irrigation ( moai ) is responsible for overall development of the crop sub - sector .
myanmar needs to develop its farming sector because it is an agriculture - based country , he said , adding that the sector could earn increased foreign income by exporting more rice , beans and pulses .
myanmar embassy singapore posted on : october 19 , 2013 | shwe myanmar address : n0 : 15 , st martin’s drive , singapore 257996 . . .
i want to know about history of rice . how much rice is produced in burma ( myanmar ) ?
the yezin agricultural university ( yau ) is the only university level of higher education in agriculture in the republic of the union of myanmar . primary function of yau are teaching and training , conducting research and providing extension service to public . specific objectives of the university are to produce highly qualified professionals needed for the development of the agriculture sector of the country who are well equipped in leadership , management , planning and analysis and interpretation skills and to provide adequate technical training on modern methods of agriculture for the farming communities including non - degree training programs .
much of the logging in myanmar is illegal , with much of the illegally - harvest wood ending up in china or thailand . after logging was banned by china , some chinese logging companies moved their workers to myanmar .
july and august 2015 flooding and landslides displaced 1 . 6 million people caused almost 120 deaths , and damaged agriculture and infrastructure .
china is the largest importer of myanmar’s fisheries products , particularly marine fisheries , based on chinese consumers’ preference for saltwater fish species and shrimp , rather than the freshwater fish species traditionally farmed and caught in myanmar . myanmar exported between 5 and 10 percent of its production to the eu in 2010 . 12
agriculture continues to be the mainstay of myanmar’s economy , despite the increase in industrial and mining activity over recent years . it is estimated that the sector accounts for around 45 % of gdp , while providing employment for 70 % of the workforce .
human resource development program for myanmar’s rice sector development strategy : 2016 - 2030 .
solutions are also coming from the private sector . in february , an indian - based agri logistics company sohan lal commodity management ( slcm ) announced a deal with local lender yoma bank which will enable it to extend financial solutions support to farmers , processors and agriculture exchanges in myanmar .
design and innovation company ideo have recently sent research teams to kenya , tanzania and myanmar to begin groundwork on one of their non - profit projects – introducing precision agriculture techniques used in the us to farmers in developing countries . in myanmar , the researchers have been working with local social enterprise , proximity designs to develop a prototype product that farmers can use for the micro - management of their crops .
opening up virgin land could help raise agriculture incomes , but agriculture also has to compete with the spread of industry , mining and urban sprawl for land . myanmar’s extensive programme of dam construction , which will help to provide water security and increase access to electricity , has inundated up to 400 , 000 hectares of forest and arable land , according to estimates .
call centre employees have already undergone an intensive training by the directors of sub - departments within the ministry of agriculture , livestock and irrigation .
based on department of fisheries ( dof ) statistics , fishery production in myanmar increased from 4 , 478 . 21 thousand mt in 2012 to 5 , 047 . 53 thousand mt in 2014 .
myanmar’s economy and society is still largely dependent on agriculture , which is mostly rain - fed . the changes in climate , therefore , have a heavy impact on this important sector . this may include the following : ( multiple sources , including napa 2012 ) .
in 2009 , the european union banned all myanmar seafood imports . imports of seafood were re - approved in 2010 , while farmed products remain prohibited . myanmar exports to the eu increased in 2013 amounting to €223 million , with fisheries products accounting for 8 percent of this total .
low agricultural productivity is the result of multiple factors , many of which are associated with the undersupply of quality agricultural public goods . a decrease in labor availability can be driven by rising wages in economic sectors outside of agriculture . changes in the cost of working capital ( interest rate ) largely reflect macroeconomic developments rather than agriculture sector performance . land prices fluctuate , responding to the changes in demand from industry or urban development . 12
the 2nd myanmar international exhibition & conference on cosmetics , beauty , hair & spa .
this chapter is from the myanmar 2017 report . explore other chapters from this report .
this chapter is from the myanmar 2015 report . explore other chapters from this report .
myanmar is one of the few developing nations that is a net exporter of food , which accounted for 20 % of its foreign exchange earnings in 2001 . about 15 % of the land is under cultivation . agriculture generated roughly two - thirds of employment and 42 % of the recorded gdp in 2000 .
“in most countries , cultivating and livestock breeding come under the same department . in myanmar , there is a division of responsibilities . it would make sense to merge them in a single unit . ”
myanmar also has an extensive informal economy . considerable quantities of consumer goods are smuggled into the country , and teak and gems are exported both legally and illegally . in addition , northern myanmar is one of the largest producers of opium in the world .
after years of international isolation , myanmar is liberalizing its economy and seeking to attract foreign investment . but while foreign investment can play an important role in developing the country’s agriculture sector , in the current environment of limited transparency and accountability , an increase in agribusiness investments poses serious risks to the livelihoods of small - scale farmers and others dependent on land .
lastly , ramping up agricultural productivity in the long term will depend largely on equipping myanmar’s farmers with the right information and training .
every fishing activity in myanmar ' s fishery industry is controlled by the licensing and registration system to control both the fishing vessels and their gear , under the current fisheries law and union of myanmar foreign investment law 1995 .
• 5th dl umali award conferment ceremony and lecture honors mr . tin htut oo of myanmar
in recognition of the economic importance of the myanmar forestry sector and the need for environmental sustainability , the myanmar forestry policy is consistent with the forestry principles adopted at the united nations conference on environment development in 1992 . the policy has identified the following six priorities :
. according to the ministry of commerce , approximately 80 percent of myanmar’s total bean and pulse exports in 2015 were shipped to india .
the un’s food and agriculture organisation ( fao ) estimates that only 18 % of the country’s total area is being farmed , with at least another 5 . 7m hectares available for primary production but not in use . almost half of myanmar’s land mass is heavily forested and unsuitable for cultivation , according to a report by the asia development bank ( abd ) , while more of the country’s land is either too rugged or otherwise not compatible with agriculture .
a cash program in tanzania boosted villagers ' confidence in local leaders and institutions .
this chapter contains an interview with sunil seth , president , overseas agro traders association of myanmar .
since 1988 , total foreign investment has amounted to $ 58 billion , of which the agriculture and livestock sector has received just $ 242 million , says dica .
myanmar’s economy , based on the kyat ( the national currency ) , is one of the least developed of the region and is basically agricultural . much of the population is engaged directly in agricultural pursuits . of those who are employed in other sectors of the economy , many are indirectly involved in agriculture through such activities as transporting , processing , marketing , and exporting agricultural goods .
currently , there are neither individual transferable quotas ( iqts ) nor total allowable catch ( tac ) regulations in myanmar ' s fisheries industry .
foreign vessels with official licenses and on joint ventures have been allowed to operate in myanmar waters only they have had the vms installed aboard .
the observed past , on - going and future changes have many consequences for all economic , productive , social and environmental sectors in myanmar .
…case in sri lanka and myanmar , where buddhism is the dominant religion among the sinhalese and burman majorities , and in thailand , where more than 90 percent of the population is counted as buddhist . although in the majority , buddhists face unique challenges in these areas . in sri lanka , buddhists were divided…
yangon , myanmar - access to lumber from teak , acacia , bamboo , ironwood and michelia champaca could improve as myanmar rejoins the world community . the wood species are growing in the dense burmese tropical forests that cover almost half the country .
fish is an essential part of the myanmar diet , second only to rice . fishing occurs in both salt and freshwater , and an estimated 300 species live in myanmar’s freshwater ecosystem . fisheries may be classified into various categories : marine , coastal , river , inland and aquaculture . 9
ideally , the call centre employees operating the hotline and staff in the field will work together to answer farmers’ questions and concerns , said u ye tint tun , the director general of the department of agriculture .
of the us $ 38 . 18 billion received in foreign investment over the past five years , a bare $ 208 million has been ploughed into agriculture , according to the directorate of investment and company administration .
a second area of buddhist expansion in southeast asia extends from myanmar in the north and west to the mekong delta in the south and east . according to the local mon and burman traditions , this is suvarnabhumi , the area visited…
myanmar is one of the poorest countries in south - east asia . it is rich in natural resources like oil , gas , hydropower , precious stones , fresh water and fertile land and
myanmar has beens famed for its teak wood for centuries . the british established shipyard there in the 18th century after depleting their own oak forests .
crops and agricultural products produced in myanmar : wet rice , dry rice , peanuts , onions , pulses , beans , sesame , sugarcane ; hardwood ; fish and fish products . in 2008 the myanmar junta had granted private companies licenses to export excess rice to myanmar ' s neighbors . that year it hoped to export about 600 , 000 tons to sri lanka , bangladesh or other countries .
this section includes reports specific to myanmar as well as international reports with relevant information / best practice .
do you have questions on the content published by open development myanmar ? we will gladly help you .
agriculture composed 37 . 8 percent of myanmar’s gdp in 2011 , down from 47 percent in 2005 / 2006 . it also declined from 57 percent in 2001 to 36 percent in 2010 . 8 in contrast , the share of gdp accounted for by the industrial sector more than doubled , to 26 percent in the same period , reflecting natural gas , oil , mineral , and gemstone exploitation . liberalization of the economy and opening up to foreign direct investment ( fdi ) has contributed to the rapid growth of the industrial sector . 9
farmers who go into debt after facing crop losses often go abroad and leave their farmland behind , u tin htwe said . they cannot spend loans from myanmar agriculture development bank on a new farming business because they need the money to repay their old debts , he said .
low agricultural productivity is the result of multiple factors , many of which are associated with the under supply of quality agricultural public goods . a decrease in labor availability can be driven by rising wages outside of agriculture .
from 1989 - 1998 , the annual deforestation rate in myanmar is estimated at 466 , 420 hectares per year . over the past two decades , myanmar has lost more than three per cent of its forest ecosystems ( forest resource assessment , 2015 ) .
myanmar’s agriculture is heavily dependent on the monsoon rains . while some areas suffer from too much rain , other regions receive too little . floods occur regularly during the mid - monsoon season ( june to august ) in areas traversed by rivers and large streams . climate change phenomena have been cited as the reason for late and lower rainfall , longer dry spells and increased temperatures . myanmar was affected by the indian ocean tsunami in 2004 , cyclone nargis in 2008 and cyclone giri in 2010 , events which all had a major impact on national agricultural output . 8
it is forbidden anywhere in myanmar waters to catch , harass , kill , possess , sell , buy , export or transport whale shark ( rhincodon typus ) , which is in cites list .
a major in agricultural education provides the communication skills , leadership training , and knowledge of technical and agriculture necessary to be certified as a teacher of agricultural education , particularly in high schools and community colleges . you can also find employment in agricultural development , personnel training , and sales positions in various agricultural - related industries . agricultural teachers need a broad background in agriculture . as such , expect to take courses in agricultural economics , animal science , entomology , veterinary science , and crop and weed sciences . you can frequently choose among several certification areas including horticulture , agribusiness , natural resource management , and agricultural production .
in myanmar , the observed evidence of change over the last 60 years includes a nationwide increase in temperature of on average around 0 . 08°c per decade and an increase in total rainfall ( 29 - 215 millimetres per decade ) . importantly , changes in the duration of the monsoon season have been observed as well as the recurrence and severity of extreme weather events ( napa 2012 ) . examples of observed changes in climate related hazards in myanmar include , and their consequences include :
i want to know about the rice plantation in myanmar country , as shown by the map and how many acre for the rice plantation each region .
exporting paddy , as opposed to processed rice , would require a change in myanmar regulation , as the government has typically restricted exports to rice . 6
agriculture and fisheries generated 45 percent of myanmar gdp in 2007 . gdp - composition by sector : agriculture : 38 . 8 percent ; industry : 19 . 3 percent ; services : 41 . 8 percent ( 2012 est . ) ; gdp - composition by sector ( percent ) in 2005 : agriculture : 54 . 6 percent , industry : 13 percent , services : 32 . 4 percent ( 2005 est . ) . labor force - by occupation : agriculture : 70 percent ; industry : 7 percent services : 23 percent ( 2001 ) . land use : arable land : 15 . 94 percent permanent crops : 2 . 16 percent other : 81 . 89 percent ( 2011 ) . irrigated land : 21 , 100 sq kilometers ( 2004 ) . harvested gross area is 14 , 772 , 803 hectares ; sown gross area is 15 , 449 , 850 hectares [ source : cia world factbook ]
in his speech during the oecd seminar on building comprehensive policy framework for sustainable agriculture development and food security in myanmar on 13 june 2016 at hotel amara , the union minister for moali h . e . dr . aung thu stressed the importance of “developing liberal , more flexible and more outward - looking policies for short - term and long - term development of the country’s agriculture sector . ” in relation to this , h . e . aung thu cited the example of the myanmar rice sector development strategy 2016 to 2030 ( mrsds ) , which was developed through the cooperation of the ministry with the international rice research institute ( irri ) . on this note , searca and irri will jointly provide technical assistance to moali in the formulation of a human resource development program in support of mrsds .
the fisheries law
1905 was the only legislation regulating fishery management and the fishing industry of myanmar until amended in 1954 , and was finally repealed by
law relating to the fishing rights of foreign fishing vessels
in 1989 . after that , the government promulgated three other fisheries laws , namely
aquaculture fisheries law
in 1989 ,
myanmar marine fisheries law
in 1990 , and
freshwater fisheries law
in 1991 .
the myanmar monitoring control and surveys department ( mmcs ) will be the first agency to implement the syatem .
a farmer in myanmar waters his crop with the help of a solar - powered irrigation pump . meanwhile , a large dairy in costa rica uses solar energy to power its milking shed water heaters .
agricultural productivity is low . the study confirmed that land and labor productivity in myanmar are much lower than in other asia’s rice bowls . for example , during monsoon season , one day of work generates only 23 kg of paddy in myanmar , compared to 62 kg in cambodia , 429 kg in vietnam , and 547 kg in thailand . low labor productivity is the main reason why agricultural wages are some of the lowest in asia . an agricultural worker in myanmar earns only $ 1 . 8 - $ 2 . 5 per day during monsoon season , and $ 3 . 0 - $ 3 . 5 during dry season . in comparison , a farm laborer in thailand earns $ 8 . 5 per day , and a philippine farmer earns on average $ 7 per day .
in september 2013 , a crew of 14 thai fisherman leapt into the andaman sea after myanmar naval forces allegedly attacked their boat in myanmar territorial waters . after the incident , the captain of the thai vessel , the tor taweesin 3 , was missing . myanmar authorities seized the boat two nautical miles from an island near ranong chang . the area is disputed between the two countries . in an incident years before three burmese fisherman were killed in dispute with thai authorities over illegal fishing in the andaman sea . the burmese government responded by closing its border with thailand and demanded million of dollars in compensation .
a farmer in myanmar waters his crop with the help of a solar - powered irrigation pump . credit : ashden a farmer in myanmar with the solar - powered lotus pump . credit : ashden sunset in costa rica over a large dairy with two solar water heaters on the roofs of its milking sheds . credit : ashden afternoon milking at the colle blanco dairy farm in costa rica . credit : ashden
despite good economic relations with its neighbours , better investment and an improved political situation are needed to promote serious foreign investment , exports and tourism in myanmar .
rice is the most important agricultural commodity of myanmar as a staple food , and production has increased from 18 million tons in 1995 to over 22 million tons in 2010 . myanmar was once asia’s largest exporter of rice and other main crops include beans , sesame , groundnuts , pulses , sugarcane and lumber . 6
dr . bessie burgos of searca and dr . romy labios of irri with dr . ye tint tun , director general of the department of agriculture and governing board member of searca .
the excessive sedimentation in the rakhine state in 2010 damaged rice seedlings and reduced harvests resulting in total damage of usd 1 . 64 million .
there is a lack of agricultural public programs and public goods . farmers in myanmar are less educated and less knowledgeable than their regional peers ; they also access fewer public services than farmers in neighboring countries .
in some remote regions of myanmar potatoes are grown in a novel way . a field is first dug up into little mounds . manure is then placed inside the mounds and ignited . the seed potatoes that are inserted in the mounds grow very quickly .
deforestation has been a major concern in burma . the slash - and - burn method of agriculture is destroying the forests of the country , causing soil erosion and depletion of fertility . periodic droughts , floods , landslides , and cyclones sometimes have devastating effect on agriculture . for example , flooding in pegu and irrawaddy during the 1997 - 98 growing season did considerable damage to rice production . consequently , burma exported only 28 . 4 thousand metric tons of rice in the 1997 - 98 season as opposed to 93 . 1 thousand metric tons in the previous year .
• searca recognizes dr . tin htut of myanmar’s moali during the regional forum on farms , food , and futures
myanmar is ecologically diverse : forest and ecosystem services benefit a range of socio - economic sectors and local livelihoods .
countries compared by agriculture > area > rice . international statistics at urltoken
, production estimates and crop assessment division , fas , usda . aggregates compiled by nationmaster . retrieved from urltoken
soe , maung maung .
economic reforms and agricultural development in myanmar .
asean economic bulletin . vol . 15 , no . 1 , april 1998 .
fao has recognized myanmar for its progress in fighting hunger after the country dramatically slashed the number of hungry people by a 2015 deadline . myanmar was one of 72 countries to achieve the millennium development goal target of halving the proportion of hungry people , or bringing it below a five percent threshold . myanmar was also among 29 countries to meet the more stringent goal of halving the number of hungry people , as laid out by governments at the world food summit in rome in 1996 .
while the department of agriculture’s main task is to provide educational support to rural farmers , problems arise when sending individual staff members to conduct field inspections on land plots as large as 1000 acres .
myanmar’s fishery sector has been the fourth largest contributor to the national gross domestic product ( gdp ) , and the fourth largest source of foreign exchange earnings in the past five years . as the majority of the households in myanmar live along the four main rivers and in delta regions , the freshwater fish from the inland capture fisheries forms a mainstay of both daily diet and trade .
the vast majority of myanmar ' s people live in the lowland regions of the irrawaddy basin . this fertile expanse is one of the world ' s great rice - growing regions and provides the country ' s staple . according to official statistics , myanmar consumes the highest amount of rice per day , per capita , in asia .
during the post - independence days , most financial institutions were private . in 1964 , the military junta nationalized all of the country ' s 24 banks . in their place , the government created 4 state banks . in 1990 , the financial sector was revamped under the provisions of the central bank of myanmar law . since then the financial institutions are the central bank of myanmar , the myanmar agricultural and rural development bank , the myanma economic bank , the myanma foreign trade bank , the myanma industrial and commercial bank , the myanma small loans enterprise , and myanmar insurance . the 1990 law also allowed for both private and foreign banks . as a result , by february 1996 , 16 private banks were formed , most of them in rangoon . during the same period , more than 20 foreign banks opened branches or offices in myanmar .
during summer 2010 , 1 , 482 heat related illnesses were reported and 260 heat - related deaths occurred across myanmar .
myanmar may be divided into three agricultural regions : the delta , where cultivation of rice in flooded paddies predominates ; the largely irrigated dry zone , an area primarily of rice production but where a wide variety of other crops also are raised ; and the hill and plateau regions , where forestry and cultivation of rice and other crops through shifting agriculture are most important .
rice has traditionally been grown on about two thirds of the agricultural land . in some places irrigation is used . in the irrawaddy delta rice is raised on ridges above ditches which store abundant rain water . rice is sown and transplanted . house are built on higher land such as natural levees . slash and burn agriculture is practiced in the highlands .
edible oil , in accordance with its traditional uses , also plays an important role in myanmar . the oilseed group , includes crops such as sesame , groundnut , sunflower , mustard , niger safflower soybean and oil palm .
there are rubber plantation trees in the tenasserim area of southern myanmar . rubber is also being promoted in areas of high elevation like mong mao . ex opium - poppy farmers are being relocated to areas near rubber plantations .
teak is native to india , southeast asia and indonesia and cultivated in many countries , including those in africa and the caribbean . much of the world ' s teak is exported by indonesia and myanmar . myanmar accounts for nearly one third of the world ' s total teak production . there is also a rapidly growing plantation grown market in central america ( costa rica ) and south america .
there has also been an observable decline in agricultural output over the course of the last century . before world war ii , myanmar’s rice exports amounted to 3 . 177 million tons ( 1936 - 40 ) while in 1961 / 62 , myanmar exported 1 . 676 million tons . rice exports continued to decline from 1 . 52 million tons in 1962 / 63 to 0 . 3 million tons in 1987 / 88 , and then again to 50 , 000 tons in 1988 / 89 . 10
. burmese farmers raise a variety of animals including cattle , water buffalo , goats , sheep , chickens , and pigs . oxen and water buffalo serve as draught animals in agriculture and for rural transportation . the gdp share of the livestock has increased slightly during the past decade . most of the cattle are raised in the dry zone in the north .
paddy - fish integrated farming the ministry of agriculture and irrigation , at the same time , remains engaged in capital investment projects for the development of inundated areas in lower myanmar . and in turn , measures are being taken for reclamation of abandoned land and necessary assistance rendered for appropriate crop productions . in order to generate increased paddy production , paddy - fish farming in inundated areas form part of the changing technologies in myanmar . paddy - fish farming is being introduced in deep water areas where the cultivation of deep water paddy as a single crop even was an uncertainty . paddy - fish farming has enabled the double cropping of paddy or paddy followed by other crops , while additionally permitting fish and prawn culture in the pond and breeding of animals on the bunds . the cultivation of paddy in functional paddy - fish farming ponds is found in ayeyarwady , bago and yangon division and mon state with the total area of ( 4182 hectares ( 10333 acres ) ) .
plant genetic resources for food and agriculture are crucial in feeding the world’s population . they are the raw material that farmers and plant breeders use to improve the quality and productivity of our crops . the future of agriculture depends on international cooperation and on the open exchange of the crops and their genes that farmers all over the world have developed and exchanged over 10 , 000 years . you will study the ways in which we can manipulate the growth of plants and genetically alter them for nutritional or environmental benefits .
farm profits in myanmar are among the lowest in asia . this is a direct result of low productivity of land and labor . in 2013 - 2014 , the net profit from producing monsoon paddy averaged $ 114 / hectare . this is ten times smaller than those in china for example . a similar picture arises from producing other crops . farm profits in general are not sufficient to raise households’ per capita income above the regional rural poverty line , according to the study . this indicates that the potential of the agriculture sector has not yet been realized when it comes to poverty reduction .
amnesty international report 2000 - country reports , myanmar .
amnesty international . < urltoken > . accessed december 2000 .
forestry has been particularly important as a source of foreign exchange . myanmar is estimated to have the bulk of the world’s exploitable
during summer 2010 , 1 , 482 heat - related disorders were reported and 260 heat - related deaths occurred across myanmar .
in exports for the last 5 years ( behind jewelry , oil & gas and agricultural products ) . thus , the government of myanmar is encouraging investments into this potential industry .
myanmar’s total production of fish and shellfish in 2013 was 4 . 7 million tonnes ( mt ) , with 47 percent of that freshwater varieties and 53 percent from the sea .
there are no activities of this type in myanmar’s coastal zone . the coastal zone is still in good ecological condition , with no sign of coral depletion . there has been no need to resort to the installation of artificial reefs .
countries compared by agriculture > area > rice . international statistics at urltoken
, production estimates and crop assessment division , fas , usda . aggregates compiled by nationmaster . , urltoken ( last visited 2004 )
countries compared by agriculture > area > rice . international statistics at urltoken
, production estimates and crop assessment division , fas , usda . aggregates compiled by nationmaster . , urltoken ( as of 2004 )
“myanmar will need to upgrade its agricultural sector and develop a modern agri - food eco - system in order to meet the changing demand and market opportunities for high - value and quality agri - food products over the coming years , ” said the report . investments in processing would allow myanmar to gain greater returns from its agricultural production and boost export opportunities .
petroleum , complex mixture of hydrocarbons that occur in earth in liquid , gaseous , or solid form . the…
the irrawaddy delta—which occupies ayeyarwady division state—and the agriculture regions of yangon and bago divisions , and mon and kayin states — are considered myanmar ' s food bowl , producing much of the country ' s staple food of rice and fish , the irrawaddy delta produces 65 percent of myanmar’s country ' s rice . the region also is home to 80 percent of its aquaculture , 50 percent of its poultry and 40 percent of its pig production , according to the fao .
increased investment in import and distribution capacity should help myanmar satisfy its growing appetite for liquefied petroleum gas ( lpg ) , with the government looking to encourage usage of the . . .
do you have a new idea that could help transform the open development myanmar website ? we will be glad to hear it .
countries compared by agriculture > area > rice . international statistics at nationmaster . com , production estimates and crop assessment division , fas , usda . aggregates compiled by nationmaster .
2004 . < urltoken > .
countries compared by agriculture > area > rice . international statistics at nationmaster . com , production estimates and crop assessment division , fas , usda . aggregates compiled by nationmaster . ,
urltoken ( assessed 2004 )
burma is the leading supplier of teak in the international market . in addition to hardwoods , burma also produces large quantities of bamboo in the delta regions and in the areas of heavy rainfall . elephants and water buffalo play a key role in hauling teak and other hardwoods .
nearly half of myanmar’s economic output—notably all large industrial enterprises , the banking system , insurance , foreign trade , domestic wholesale trade , and nearly all the retail trade—was nationalized in 1962–63 . agriculture and fishing were left in the private sector . in 1975–76 , however , the government reorganized nationalized corporations on a more commercial basis and instituted a bonus system for workers . the overall economic objectives of self - sufficiency and the exclusion of foreign investment also were revised . foreign investment was permitted to resume in 1973 , although only with the government . following a military coup in 1988 , both foreign and indigenous private enterprise was encouraged .
the potential for agriculture in myanmar is enormous , given the country’s favorable geographic location and resource endowments . government statistics show it is the largest economic sector and the main source of livelihood for nearly 60 percent of the population . yet agricultural productivity in myanmar is low compared with most of southeast asia . achieving productivity levels similar to those of its agro - ecologically similar neighbors could significantly raise rural incomes and reduce overall poverty and malnutrition . doing that will require large amounts of investment by government and private agro - enterprises of all sizes . government policies will likewise have an important part to play in creating an enabling environment for private sector growth .
this is the same issues what is happening in my own country nigeria , but with the new solution ; the agricultural pollcymakers in myanmar ' s can step up high quallty production of foods n make life more easy for people living their .
from 1887 to 2005 , 1 , 248 tropical storms formed in the bay of bengal . eighty of these storms ( 6 . 4 per cent of the total ) reached myanmar’s coastline .
# investment in # foodsystems can play an important role in transforming societies to be sustainable and resilient . l… urltoken
' countries compared by agriculture > area > rice . international statistics at nationmaster . com , production estimates and crop assessment division , fas , usda . aggregates compiled by nationmaster . ' , < urltoken > [ assessed 2004 ]
countries compared by agriculture > area > rice . international statistics at urltoken
, production estimates and crop assessment division , fas , usda . aggregates compiled by nationmaster . avaliable at : nationmaster . com . assessed 2004 .
agriculture , which includes crop production , hunting , fishing , and forestry , is the mainstay of the burma economy . this sector is responsible for much of the income and employment in the country . about 60 percent of the gdp comes from agriculture , and as much as 65 percent of the labor force is employed in this sector alone . burma produces enough food to feed its entire population . in the absence of purchasing power , however , many people go hungry . further , about a third of the rural households do not have any land or livestock . only half of the arable 45 million acres is under cultivation .
a farmer in myanmar ' s mon state poses next to his tractor . ifpri research shows that migration to nearby thailand and remittances play an important role in the mon state economy – a trend contributing to labor scarcity and other problems for smallholder farmers .
irrigated rice is grown where irrigation system exists and that are mostly in the country . but at present , the government is also engaged in constructing new dams , reservoirs and weirs in the lower parts of the country and it is evident that the irrigation networks are enhancing and gaining prominence in various places where
summer paddy
is being grown . more information on the
summer paddy production programme
is given in the later part of this chapter . rice grown in saline areas are mostly found in the lower myanmar , especially in yangon , ayeyarwady , tanintharyi divisions and also in rakhine and mon states . deep water rice is usually grown in areas of some restricted belts in the ayeyarwady division , bago division , tanintharyi division , rakhine , mon and kayin states .