a painted desco da parto ( a birth tray or birth salver ) was an important symbolic gift on the occasion of a successful birth in late medieval and early modern florence and siena .

the surviving painted deschi represented in museum collections were commissioned by elite families , but inventories show that birth trays and other special birth objects like embroidered pillows were kept long after the successful birth in families of all classes : when lorenzo de ' medici died , the inventory shows that the desco da parto given by his father to his mother , lucrezia tornabuoni , at her lying-in , was hanging in his private quarters to the day of his death .

a desco da parto need not be specially commissioned ; they were produced in workshops in series for stock , often being personalised with a coat-of-arms when they were bought .

there was a distinctive repertoire of iconography for the trays , the recto ( top ) sides sharing much with that for the painted cassone chests often used as gifts at marriage , but also with verso sides often showing scenes of mothers after childbirth or pin-up figures of boy toddlers , accompanied by the coats of arms of both parents .

after being used as a tray in the post partum period they could be hung on a wall as a painting .

desco da parto

figure 2 : masaccio , desco da parto , 1425 - 28 , gemaldegalerie , berlin .
triumph of fame , front of medici - tornabuoni desco da parto , painted by giovanni di ser giovanni c . 1448
[ 1 ] you can read more about this tray in an article by jacqueline marie musacchio here . ( jacqueline marie musacchio , “the medici - tornabuoni desco da parto in context” metro politan museum journal 33 ( 1998 ) : 137–51 .
lorenzo di niccolò , desco da parto ( birth salver ) , with diana and actaeon on obverse and justice on reverse , ca . 1380–1400 . tempera on wood panel . famsf , gift of the roscoe and margaret oakes foundation , 78 . 78
daniela pagliai and allessandra uguccioni ,
un desco fiorentino della fine del trecento : temi di iconografia profana
, notizie da palazzo albani 15 ( 1986 ) : p . 9 - 18 .
unknown artist , italian , florence or siena birth tray ( desco da parto ) depicting the birth of the virgin , ca . 1430 tempera and gold on panel diameter : 58 . 4 cm ( 23 inches ) frame gift of mr . and mrs . manton b . metcalf 18 . 190
elaborate birth trays , also known as
desco da partos ,
were created to commemorate a child ' s successful birth . meanwhile , elaborate luxury furniture usually consisted of richly styled , handcrafted wood designs .
title : the medici - tornabuoni
desco da parto
in context [ the author argues that the large and elaborately painted birth tray now in the metropolitan museum was given by piero de medici to his wife lucrezia tornabuoni on the birth of their son , lorenzo de medici ; the author explores the production and use of birth trays in the celebration of childbirth in post - plague italy ] .
a type of circular or twelve - sided painted wooden tray used in medieval and renaissance italy to present small gifts , sweetmeats , and wine to a mother after childbirth . deschi da parto were often decorated on both sides , typically with an appropriate narrative or symbolic scene on one side and a coat of arms or family device on the other . many of them were produced in workshops specializing in cassoni , although they were occasionally commissioned from distinguished artists . one of the best surviving examples of a desco da parto is that marking the birth of lorenzo de ' medici in 1449 ( met . mus . , new york ) ; it shows the triumph of fame and was painted by masaccio ' s brother lo scheggia .
often these images related to childbirth and motherhood , and other times they carried more generic themes such as the “triumph of love , ” like this one ( 1470 ) at wellesley college’s davis museum or the “triumph of fame” decorating the metropolitan museum’s tray ( 1449 ) which celebrated the birth of lorenzo de’ medici . [ 1 ] often birth trays were specially commissioned , as is the case with some of the more famous deschi da parto that today survive in museum collections , but the demand for birth trays was such that artist’s workshops also made generic deschi da parto that could be personalized with a coat of arms or other family symbol . [ 2 ]
i also love the desco da parto , because it’s an example of art that was actually used—not just looked at . unlike public sculpture or paintings for a home or a church or a palazzo , these trays had a very specific function and continued to be a part of the domestic lives of their recipients for years to come . in these rather personal works of art , we can get a glimpse into the lives of renaissance women . to my mind , art history hardly ever gets better than that .
this period also saw incredible improvements in the overall understanding of the human form , as famed artists like leonardo da vinci tirelessly worked to study and record it through meticulously drawn observations .
i have no desire to return to the days before modern medicine when women ( and their babies ) regularly died in childbirth . but i do love the tradition of the desco da parto , which was certainly borne out of an awareness of the dangers of childbirth . “you safely made it through this dangerous experience ! and there’s a baby to boot ! let’s celebrate ! ” i think of it as the renaissance equivalent of bringing someone a tray of lasagna , but instead of using a disposable foil pan , using a handcrafted piece of pottery , specially made for just this occasion . i love it .
all this had me thinking about one of my favorite things i learned about in graduate school : the desco da parto or “birth tray . ” in renaissance italy , a woman would not have had a baby shower . in fact , she would more likely have been sequestered away from public view as she fearfully waited for labor to begin . after all , with such high mortality rates , it seems wise not to celebrate until you know everything has turned out okay . but , after delivering a baby , a woman was showered with gifts , which were often presented on these birth trays . sweets and other trifles were presented on the tray , which was painted with “feminine” or celebratory imagery .
at first glance , the relief appears to have been designed within the traditional format used for birth iconography ; the depiction of the ‘lying - in scene’ ( depicting the birth of a child ) and the portrayal of the presentation of the child to the father for naming . [ 2 ] this scene realistically portrays the event which took place within the feminine and private realm of the birth chamber . verrocchio graphically depicts the apparent dangers associated with childbirth and motherhood , which were faced by all women . traditional lying - in scenes commonly found on birth trays such as masaccio’s 1425 desco da parto ( fig . 2 ) represented the ideal situation and outcome for this process , namely the successful birth of the child ( preferably a boy ) and the survival of the mother .
lying - in is an old childbirth practice involving a woman resting in bed for a period after giving birth . though the term is now usually defined as
the condition of a woman in the process of giving birth ,
it previously referred to a period of bed rest required even if there were no medical complications . a 1932 publication refers to lying - in as ranging from 2 weeks to 2 months . it also does not suggest
getting up
for at least nine days and ideally for 20 days . when lying - in was a more common term , it was used in the names of several hospitals . for example , the royal women’s hospital in australia was originally known as the
melbourne lying - in hospital and infirmary for diseases of women and children
. women received congratulatory visits from friends and family during the period , and among many traditional customs around the world the desco da parto was a special form of painted tray presented to the mother in renaissance florence .
one of the most beguiling and enigmatic paintings ever made by the great renaissance master raphael , portrait of a lady with a unicorn , exemplifies ideal beauty in 16th century florence . this talk examines the painting and explores art of the high renaissance , including works by leonardo da vinci , michelangelo buonarroti , and many others .
this is perhaps the ' tondo ' mentioned by vasari as in the pucci family home in 1568 . the shape of the tondo may have evolved from the ' desco da parto ' , a painted plate presented to a mother after childbirth . the challenge of the tondo is to create a coherent composition in a circular space . this is a stimulus to centralise the composition . botticelli is among the first artists to centralise the subject of the adoration . it had usually been represented as a flow across the picture plane , as in botticelli ' s own earlier ' adoration ' , also in the collection . the story of the three kings ( or magi ) had great appeal in 15th - century florence and a confraternity of the magi was attached to the church of san marco there . it celebrated the feast of the epiphany with spectacular processions about the city . the pucci family , who may have commissioned this picture , were supporters of the ruling medici and probably chose the subject of the adoration because of its association with them . cosimo de ' medici had his own cell in san marco , decorated with a fresco of the adoration , and in the medici palace chapel , portraits of the family and their allies are placed in the retinue of the kings .
we use cookies to enhance your experience on our website . by continuing to use our website , you are agreeing to our use of cookies . you can change your cookie settings at any time .
printed from oxford reference ( www . oxfordreference . com ) . ( c ) copyright oxford university press , 2013 . all rights reserved . under the terms of the licence agreement , an individual user may print out a pdf of a single entry from a reference work in or for personal use ( for details see privacy policy and legal notice ) .
diam . 57 . 5 cm ( 22 5 / 8 in . ) frame : 65 . 7 x 66 . 4 x 6 . 3 cm ( 25 7 / 8 x 26 1 / 8 x 2 1 / 2 in . )
in fifteenth - century italian households , childbirth was a highly anticipated but potentially perilous event often associated with special objects designed to assist expectant mothers . a
, or “birthing tray , ” was used to carry gifts and food to new mothers recovering in the confinement chamber . a lavishly decorated
like this one was found only in the wealthiest family collections , but household inventories show that more modest examples were common in lower social classes . the scene depicted here conforms to the festive tone characteristic of
. it alludes to paradisiacal themes and allegorical representations of love that were popular in vernacular literature , such as the poetry of boccaccio and petrarch .
vera minazzi and cesarino ruini , historical atlas of medieval music , ( turnhout , belgium : brepols , 2011 ) .
anthony grafton , l eon battista alberti : master builder of the italian renaissance ( new york : hill and wang , 2000 ) .
jacqueline marie musacchio , the art and ritual of childbirth in renaissance italy , ( new haven and london : yale university press , 1999 ) .
sharon fermor ,
on the question of pictorial
evidence
for fifteenth - century dance technique
, dance research 5 , no . 2 ( autumn , 1987 ) : p . 18 - 32 .
paul f . watson , the garden of love in tuscan art of the early renaissance , ( philadelphia : art alliance press , 1979 ) .
domenico derobertis ,
ut pictura poesis : ( uno spiraglio sul mondo figurativo albertiano )
, interpres 1 ( 1978 ) : p . 27 - 42 .
b . b . fredericksen and f . zeri , census of pre - nineteenth - century italian paintings in north american collections , ( cambridge , ma : harvard university press , 1972 ) .
summary of acquisitions , 1963 ,
record of the art museum , princeton university , vol . 23 , no . 1 ( 1964 ) : p . 29 - 31 .
patrick j . kelleher ,
college museum notes
, art journal 23 , no . 1 ( autumn , 1963 ) : p . 46 - 56 .
raimond van marle , iconographie de l ' art profane au moyen - age et à la renaissance et la décoration des demeures , ( ' s - gravenhage : m . nijhoff , 1931 - 1932 ) .
theodor demmler , otto von falke , max j . friedländer , leo planiscig and august schestag , die sammlung dr . albert figdor , ( berlin : paul cassirer ; wien : artaria & co . , 1930 ) .
raimond van marle , the development of the italian schools of painting , ( the hague : m . nijhoff , 1923 - 1938 ) .
paul schubring , cassoni : truhen und truhenbilder der italienischen frührenaissance : ein beitrag zur profanmalerei im quattrocento , ( leipzig : k . w . hiersemann , 1923 ) .
paul schubring , cassoni : truhen und truhenbilder der italienischen frührenaissance : ein beitrag zur profanmalerei im quattrocento , ( leipzig : k . w . hiersemann , 1915 ) .
this page was last edited on 6 april 2016 , at 20 : 24 .
text is available under the creative commons attribution - sharealike license ; additional terms may apply . by using this site , you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy .
63 . 8 x 64 . 5 x 4 . 4 cm ( 25 1 / 8 x 25 3 / 8 x 1 3 / 4 in . )
users without a subscription are not able to see the full content . please , subscribe or login to access all content .
during the 1400s , wealthy italians gave painted trays such as this one to celebrate marriages and anticipate successful childbearing . the birth of mary , who would become the mother of jesus , was an appropriate subject to represent the delivery of a healthy child .
set in a 15th - century italian home , this scene shows anne , mary’s mother , receiving nourishment at her bedside . as a neighbor arrives with gifts , attendants bathe the baby mary and warm her blankets over a fire . although worn by age , the tray’s painted narratives and traces of gold leaf indicate that this was a luxury object , intended for display and not for practical use .
jean - baptiste oudry french , 1686 - 1755 dead bird , ca . 1740 - 1750 oil on canvas 36 . 8 x 26 . 7 cm ( 14 1 / 2 x 10 1 / 2 inches ) jesse metcalf fund , georgianna sayles aldrich fund , mary b . jackson fund , and edgar j . lownes fund 54 . 176
domenico tintoretto italian , 1560 - 1635 sketch for a battle scene : tancred and clorinda , ca . 1586 - 1600 oil on canvas 71 . 1 x 41 . 9 cm ( 28 x 16 1 / 2 inches ) mary b . jackson fund 53 . 122
nassos daphnis american , b . greece , 1914 - 2010 three feathers , 1938 oil on canvas 71 . 1 x 56 cm ( 28 x 22 1 / 8 inches ) mary b . jackson fund 44 . 085
unknown artist , roman fragment of a wall depicting a candelabrum , 14 - 37 ce fresco and lime painting 54 x 40 cm ( 21 1 / 4 x 15 3 / 4 inches ) museum appropriation fund 38 . 058 . 20
unknown artist , roman fragment of a wall depicting a candelabrum , 14 - 37 ce fresco and lime painting 150 . 5 x 35 . 9 cm ( 59 5 / 16 x 14 1 / 8 inches ) mary b . jackson fund 41 . 019
unknown artist , roman fragment of a black wall , 14 - 37 ce fresco and lime painting 104 . 1 x 127 . 6 cm ( 41 x 50 1 / 4 inches ) museum appropriation fund 38 . 058 . 2c
unknown artist , roman fragment of a black and red wall , 14 - 37 ce fresco and lime painting 97 . 2 x 246 . 4 cm ( 38 1 / 4 x 97 inches ) museum appropriation fund 38 . 058 . 5b
unknown artist , roman fresco , 30 - 79 ce fresco and lime painting 163 . 2 x 160 . 7 cm ( 64 3 / 16 x 63 5 / 16 inches ) museum appropriation fund 38 . 058 . 9
unknown artist , egyptian , from the fayum oasis portrait of a woman , ca . 70 ce encaustic on wood 37 . 5 x 21 . 9 cm ( 14 3 / 4 x 8 5 / 8 inches ) gift of mrs . jesse h . metcalf 17 . 060
unknown artist , egyptian , from the fayum oasis portrait of a man , ca . 150 - 160 ce probably tempera on wood 34 . 3 x 19 . 7 cm ( 13 1 / 2 x 7 3 / 4 inches ) mary b . jackson fund 39 . 025
unknown artist , egyptian , from the fayum oasis portrait of a man , ca . 260 ce probably tempera on wood 33 x 18 . 4 cm ( 13 x 7 1 / 4 inches ) mary b . jackson fund 39 . 026
unknown artist , roman - egyptian painting of the god heron , ca . 300 painted wood 52 . 4 x 42 . 6 cm ( 20 5 / 8 x 16 3 / 4 inches ) ( without frame ) museum works of art fund 59 . 030
lippo memmi italian , active 1317 - ca . 1350 mary magdalene , ca . 1330 tempera and gold on panel 49 . 5 x 22 . 5 cm ( 19 1 / 2 x 8 7 / 8 inches ) museum appropriation fund 21 . 250
bartolo di fredi cini italian madonna and child , ca . 1380 tempera and gold on panel 90 . 2 x 63 . 5 cm ( 35 1 / 2 x 25 inches ) anonymous gift 20 . 207
attributed to yintolo chinese , late 13th century shide , 1300s ink on silk 97 . 8 x 35 . 6 cm ( 38 1 / 2 x 14 inches ) gift of mrs . gustav radeke 20 . 319
unknown artist , korean gwaneum , 1300s ink , color , and gold on silk mount : 259 . 1 x 109 . 9 cm ( 102 x 43 1 / 4 inches ) gift of mrs . gustav radeke 17 . 378
jacopo di cione italian , ca . 1330 - 1398 the taking of saint peter , 1370 - 1371 tempera and gold on panel 38 . 7 x 54 cm ( 15 1 / 4 x 21 1 / 4 inches ) gift of manton b . metcalf 22 . 047
spinello aretino italian st . anthony abbot enthroned , ca . 1385 tempera and gold on panel 232 . 4 x 92 . 1 x 22 . 2 cm ( 91 1 / 2 x 36 1 / 4 x 8 3 / 4 inches ) gift of jesse h . metcalf 16 . 243
mariotto di nardo italian , active ca . 1394 - 1424 saint francis receiving the stigmata , ca . 1408 tempera and gold on panel 23 . 5 x 28 . 9 cm ( 9 1 / 4 x 11 3 / 8 inches ) museum appropriation fund 17 . 521
jan joest dutch , ca . 1450 - 1519 attributed to jan mostaert dutch , ca . 1475 - 1555 / 56 portrait of a woman , ca . 1520 oil on panel 36 . 2 x 24 . 8 cm ( 14 5 / 16 x 9 13 / 16 inches ) museum appropriation fund 34 . 861
mariotto di nardo italian , active ca . 1394 - 1424 martyrdom of saint lawrence , ca . 1408 tempera and gold on panel 23 . 5 x 31 . 1 cm ( 9 1 / 4 x 12 1 / 4 inches ) museum appropriation fund 17 . 520
attributed to hillebrant van rewijk netherlandish , 1455 - 1470 the crucifixion with two thieves , ca . 1450 - 1460 oil on panel 71 . 1 x 48 . 3 cm ( 28 x 19 inches ) georgianna sayles aldrich , mary b . jackson , jesse metcalf , edgar j . lownes , walter h . kimball , corporation membership and helen m . danforth acquisition funds 61 . 080
andrea delitio italian , active ca . 1440 - 1480 king totila blessed by saint benedict , ca . 1451 tempera and gold on panel 24 . 1 x 35 . 2 cm ( 9 1 / 2 x 13 7 / 8 inches ) museum appropriation fund 22 . 101
unknown artist , french , france angel with crown and flagellum , ca . 1460 oil on panel 32 . 4 x 32 . 4 x 5 . 1 cm ( 12 3 / 4 x 12 3 / 4 x 2 inches ) anonymous gift 60 . 105
bruges master netherlandish , active late 15th century portrait of a cleric , ca . 1490 oil on panel 22 . 2 x 14 . 6 x 5 . 7 cm ( 8 3 / 4 x 5 3 / 4 x 2 1 / 4 inches ) museum purchase with funds from mrs . gustav radeke , manton b . metcalf , museum works of art fund and museum appropriation fund , by exchange , and museum special reserve fund 45 . 042
matteo di giovanni di bartolo italian , ca . 1430 - 1495 virgin of the annunciation , ca . 1474 tempera and gold on wood panel 73 . 7 x 41 . 9 x 3 . 2 cm ( 29 x 16 1 / 2 x 1 1 / 4 inches ) gift of mr . robert lehman 57 . 301
marco basaiti greek , ca . 1470 - ca . 1530 portrait of a gentleman , ca . 1510 oil on panel 49 . 2 x 38 . 1 cm ( 19 3 / 8 x 15 inches ) gift of manton b . metcalf 16 . 235
andrea previtali italian , ca . 1470 - 1528 risen christ , ca . 1510 tempera on panel 29 . 2 x 26 cm ( 11 1 / 2 x 10 1 / 4 inches ) gift of manton b . metcalf 16 . 237
unknown artist , spanish , spain crucifixion , ca . 1490 tempera and gold on panel 143 . 8 x 113 cm ( 56 5 / 8 x 44 1 / 2 inches ) gift of john nicholas brown 69 . 197
dosso dossi italian , ca . 1486 - ca . 1542 entry into the ark , ca . 1520 oil on canvas 107 x 112 . 4 cm ( 42 1 / 8 x 44 1 / 4 inches ) helen m . danforth acquisition fund 54 . 177
unknown artist , possibly ; netherlandish madonna and child with saint barbara and saint catherine , ca . 1525 oil on panel 91 . 4 x 87 cm ( 36 x 34 1 / 4 inches ) museum works of art fund 58 . 196
unknown artist , japanese in the style of tōyo sesshū japanese , 1420 - 1506 landscape , 1500s ink and color on paper 146 . 1 x 77 . 5 cm ( 57 1 / 2 x 30 1 / 2 inches ) bequest of john m . crawford , jr . 1989 . 110 . 94
in the style of sultan muhammad persian , active ca . 1505 - 1550 ascension of the prophet muhammad , 1500 - 1550s ink , opaque watercolor , and gold on paper helen m . danforth acquisition fund 84 . 147
unknown artist , netherlandish the adoration of the magi , ca . 1510 oil on wood panel 52 . 1 x 34 . 6 cm ( 20 1 / 2 x 13 5 / 8 inches ) gift of manton b . metcalf 21 . 482
francesco primaticcio italian , 1503 - 1570 andromache learning of the death of hector , ca . 1550 oil on canvas 185 . 4 x 225 . 1 cm ( 73 x 88 5 / 8 inches ) museum works of art fund 56 . 083
attributed to domenico brusasorci italian , ca . 1515 - 1567 portrait of a woman , ca . 1550 - 1559 oil on canvas museum appropriation fund 30 . 057
mirabello cavalori italian , ca . 1530 - 1572 annunciate virgin , ca . 1560 oil on panel 144 . 8 x 86 . 4 cm ( 57 x 34 inches ) lyra brown nickerson bequest 16 . 464x
marinus van reymerswaele flemish , ca . 1490 - ca . 1567 the money changers , ca . 1540 oil on panel 126 . 4 x 96 . 8 cm ( 49 3 / 4 x 38 1 / 8 inches ) gift of mrs . jesse h . metcalf 25 . 037
bartolomeo passarotti italian , 1529 - 1592 portrait of a cavalier with his hunting dogs , ca . 1570 - 1580 oil on canvas 197 . 5 x 114 . 9 cm ( 77 3 / 4 x 45 1 / 4 inches ) corporate membership fund 62 . 064
luca cambiaso italian , 1527 - 1585 pietà with angels , ca . 1575 oil on canvas 180 . 3 x 113 . 2 cm ( 71 x 44 9 / 16 inches ) mary b . jackson fund 59 . 049
jacopo bassano italian , 1510 - 1592 sketch for an altarpiece , ca . 1575 oil on canvas 45 . 7 x 36 . 8 cm ( 18 x 14 1 / 2 inches ) anonymous gift 57 . 158
school of jacopo tintoretto italian , 1519 - 1594 daniel in judgment of the elders , ca . 1575 oil on canvas 57 . 5 x 113 . 7 cm ( 22 5 / 8 x 44 3 / 4 inches ) anonymous gift 57 . 159
cornelis cornelisz . van haarlem dutch , 1562 - 1638 the judgment of paris , ca . 1585 - 1595 oil on panel 31 . 1 x 44 . 5 cm ( 12 1 / 4 x 17 1 / 2 inches ) museum membership fund 67 . 010
francesco bassano ii italian , 1549 - 1592 the birth of the virgin , ca . 1588 oil on canvas 100 . 7 x 82 . 9 cm ( 39 5 / 8 x 32 5 / 8 inches ) mary b . jackson fund 52 . 318
ippolito scarsello , called scarsellino italian , ca . 1550 - 1620 the rape of europa , ca . 1590 oil on canvas 118 . 1 x 163 . 2 cm ( 46 1 / 2 x 64 1 / 4 inches ) bequest of miss ellen d . sharpe 54 . 147 . 75
giuseppe cesari italian , 1568 - 1640 perseus and andromeda , ca . 1592 oil on slate 70 . 5 x 54 . 9 cm ( 27 3 / 4 x 21 5 / 8 inches ) anonymous gift 57 . 167
leandro bassano italian , 1557 - 1622 adoration of the shepherds , ca . 1592 - 1594 oil on canvas 104 . 1 x 167 . 6 cm ( 41 x 66 inches ) museum purchase : bequest of lyra brown nickerson , by exchange 81 . 093
artist of fontainebleau school french , active mid - 1500s charity , ca . 1550 oil on canvas 158 . 1 x 133 . 4 cm ( 62 1 / 4 x 52 1 / 2 inches ) anonymous gift 57 . 157
attributed to domenichino italian , 1581 - 1641 landscape with bathers , ca . 1600 - 1630 oil on canvas 77 . 2 x 132 . 7 cm ( 30 3 / 8 x 52 1 / 4 inches ) museum works of art fund 55 . 107
unknown artist , indian city in a landscape , ca . 1600 - 1625 ink and color on paper image : 8 . 3 x 10 . 2 cm ( 3 1 / 4 x 4 inches ) museum appropriation fund 17 . 457
domenico fetti italian , ca . 1589 - 1623 christ ministered to by the angels , ca . 1620 oil on canvas 89 . 5 x 78 . 1 cm ( 35 1 / 4 x 30 3 / 4 inches ) museum appropriation fund 36 . 003
hendrick van steenwyck the elder flemish , ca . 1550 - 1603 interior of aachen cathedral , 1575 oil on panel 50 . 8 x 69 . 5 cm ( 20 x 27 3 / 8 inches ) gift of drs . arnold - peter c . and yvonne s . weiss 2000 . 25
unknown artist , anglo ; flemish , england portrait of a lady of the hampden family , ca . 1610 oil on canvas 201 . 3 x 120 cm ( 79 1 / 4 x 47 1 / 4 inches ) gift of miss lucy t . aldrich 42 . 283
jan thilens flemish , 1589 - 1630 perseus freeing andromeda , ca . 1610 oil on panel 22 . 5 x 15 . 9 x 3 . 8 cm ( 8 7 / 8 x 6 1 / 4 x 1 1 / 2 inches ) gift of the wunsch foundation , inc . 1989 . 124 . 1
suraj gujarati indian basawan , designer indian workmen in a garden , around 1590 ink , watercolor , and gold on paper sheet : 26 . 7 x 15 . 9 cm ( 10 1 / 2 x 6 1 / 4 inches ) museum appropriation fund 17 . 463
jacob jordaens the younger flemish , 1593 - 1678 return of the holy family from egypt , ca . 1615 - 1616 oil on canvas 74 . 9 x 54 . 6 cm ( 29 1 / 2 x 21 1 / 2 inches ) museum works of art fund 60 . 094
guido reni italian , 1575 - 1642 st . sebastian , ca . 1615 oil on canvas 134 . 3 x 91 . 4 cm ( 52 7 / 8 x 36 inches ) museum gift fund 55 . 112
unknown artist , turkish , istanbul abu jahl and his warriors , ca . 1594 - 95 opaque watercolor , ink , and gold on paper sheet : 37 . 5 x 26 . 7 cm ( 14 3 / 4 x 10 1 / 2 inches ) gift of mr . and mrs . john d . slocum 85 . 106
attributed to jean ducamps , called giovanni del campo french , 1600 - 1683 unknown artist , italian , france the flagellation of christ , ca . 1620 oil on canvas 118 . 1 x 149 . 2 cm ( 46 1 / 2 x 58 3 / 4 inches ) museum works of art fund 56 . 037
francesco vanni italian , 1563 - 1610 the virgin and child appearing to saint francis of assisi , 1599 oil on canvas 266 . 1 x 182 . 9 cm ( 104 3 / 4 x 72 inches ) corporate membership fund 57 . 227
guido reni italian , 1575 - 1642 lucretia , ca . 1625 oil on canvas 108 . 6 x 98 . 1 cm ( 42 3 / 4 x 38 5 / 8 inches ) anonymous gift 56 . 102
after guido reni italian , 1575 - 1642 heads of two elders ( fragment from susannah and the elders ) , 1600s oil on canvas 49 . 2 x 65 . 4 cm ( 19 3 / 8 x 25 3 / 4 inches ) anonymous gift 57 . 163
unknown artist , flemish portrait of a boy , 1600s oil on canvas 87 . 6 x 67 . 3 cm ( 34 1 / 2 x 26 1 / 2 inches ) gift of dr . and mrs . edward m . harris 23 . 321
benjamin gerritsz . cuyp dutch , 1612 - 1652 the resurrection of christ , ca . 1640 oil on panel 92 . 1 x 70 . 2 cm ( 36 1 / 4 x 27 5 / 8 inches ) georgianna sayles aldrich and mary b . jackson funds 62 . 019
man ray american , 1890 - 1976 songe de la clef , 1941 string ( fiber product ) ; rubber ; paper ; watercolor ; crayon 34 . 3 x 44 . 8 cm ( 13 1 / 2 x 17 5 / 8 inches ) gift of mrs . john g . dean 71 . 056
hendrick goltzius dutch , 1558 - 1617 christ on the cold stone with two angels , 1602 oil on copper 51 x 34 . 5 cm ( 20 1 / 16 x 13 9 / 16 inches ) ( measure of the copper panel support ) museum gift fund , museum works of art fund and corporate membership fund 61 . 006
nicolas poussin french , 1594 - 1665 venus and adonis , ca . 1628 oil on canvas 76 . 2 x 101 cm ( 30 x 39 3 / 4 inches ) walter h . kimball fund , georgianna sayles aldrich fund , mary b . jackson fund , edgar j . lownes fund and jesse metcalf fund 54 . 186
dirck van delen dutch , 1604 - 1671 architectural interior at night with the priests of bel , ca . 1628 oil on panel 52 . 1 x 74 . 3 cm ( 20 1 / 2 x 29 1 / 4 inches ) gift of mr . morris i . kaplan 55 . 153 . 1
joachim antonisz . wtewael dutch , 1566 - 1638 the marriage of peleus and thetis , 1610 oil on panel 109 . 5 x 166 . 4 cm ( 43 1 / 8 x 65 1 / 2 inches ) mary b . jackson fund 62 . 058
pieter lastman dutch , 1583 - 1633 saint matthew , 1613 oil on oak panel 35 . 6 x 26 . 7 cm ( 14 x 10 1 / 2 inches ) corporate membership dues funds 60 . 093
carlo dolci italian , 1616 - 1687 the trinity in glory , ca . 1640 oil on canvas 69 . 5 x 59 . 7 cm ( 27 3 / 8 x 23 1 / 2 inches ) anonymous gift 59 . 009
francisco collantes spanish , 1599 - 1656 hagar and ishmael , ca . 1640 oil on canvas 109 . 2 x 139 . 1 cm ( 43 x 54 3 / 4 inches ) gift of manton b . metcalf 18 . 096
salomon van ruysdael dutch , ca . 1600 - 1670 the ferry boat , 1645 oil on canvas 97 . 2 x 144 . 2 cm ( 38 1 / 4 x 56 3 / 4 inches ) museum appropriation fund 33 . 204
frans van mieris i dutch , 1635 - 1681 interior with man and woman , mid 1600s - late 1600s oil paint 22 . 2 x 18 . 7 cm ( 8 13 / 16 x 7 3 / 8 inches ) gift of virginia w . hoppin in memory of william h . hoppin 20 . 227
attributed to payag indian shah shuja hunting nilgai , ca . 1650 - 1655 opaque watercolor and gold on paper museum works of art fund 58 . 068
jan cossiers flemish , 1600 - 1671 the supper at emmaus , ca . 1650 oil on canvas 85 . 1 x 111 . 1 cm ( 33 1 / 2 x 43 3 / 4 inches ) gift of dr . and mrs . edward m . harris 23 . 332
paulus moreelse dutch , 1571 - 1638 portrait of antoine van hilten , 1625 oil on canvas 123 . 2 x 97 . 2 cm ( 48 1 / 2 x 38 1 / 4 inches ) gift of mr . and mrs . winthrop w . aldrich 60 . 110
matteo rosselli italian , 1578 - 1650 joseph sold to the ishmaelites , ca . 1630 oil on canvas 136 . 5 x 104 . 8 cm ( 53 3 / 4 x 41 1 / 4 inches ) museum works of art fund 66 . 310
dirck van delen dutch , 1604 - 1671 architectural scene : a palace court , 1627 oil on panel 63 . 5 x 88 . 1 cm ( 25 x 34 11 / 16 inches ) gift of mr . and mrs . h . l . weller 67 . 102
jacob adriaensz . bellevois dutch , 1621 - 1676 harbor scene , ca . 1653 oil on panel 91 . 4 x 142 . 2 cm ( 36 x 56 inches ) bequest of isabelle reynolds 1998 . 96
sébastien bourdon french , 1616 - 1671 landscape with a mill , ca . 1653 - 1657 oil on canvas 86 x 105 . 1 cm ( 33 7 / 8 x 41 3 / 8 inches ) mary b . jackson fund 51 . 506
matthias stomer dutch , ca . 1600 - after ca . 1650 christ at the column , ca . 1635 oil on canvas 182 . 9 x 114 . 5 cm ( 72 x 45 1 / 16 inches ) museum works of art fund 56 . 177
bartholomeus van der helst dutch , 1613 - 1670 portrait of a woman , ca . 1655 oil on canvas 111 . 8 x 97 . 2 cm ( 44 x 38 1 / 4 inches ) museum associates’ fund 60 . 009
bartholomeus van der helst dutch , 1613 - 1670 portrait of a man , ca . 1655 oil on canvas 111 . 8 x 97 . 2 cm ( 44 x 38 1 / 4 inches ) gift of the haffenreffer family 60 . 010
abraham hendricksz . van beyeren dutch , ca . 1620 - 1690 still life of fish , ca . 1655 oil on canvas 97 . 2 x 84 . 8 cm ( 38 1 / 4 x 33 3 / 8 inches ) helen m . danforth acquisition fund and gift of group 104 64 . 035
willem drost dutch , ca . 1630–after 1680 portrait of a young man , ca . 1655 oil on canvas 53 . 3 x 48 . 3 cm ( 21 x 19 inches ) museum purchase : gift of the museum associates 83 . 113
michele pace del campidoglio italian , ca . 1610 - ca . 1670 still life with figure , ca . 1660 oil on canvas 122 . 2 x 160 . 7 cm ( 48 1 / 8 x 63 1 / 4 inches ) mary b . jackson fund 60 . 107
jan siberechts flemish , 1627 - ca . 1703 landscape , ca . 1660 oil on canvas 47 x 58 . 1 cm ( 18 1 / 2 x 22 7 / 8 inches ) museum appropriation fund 39 . 045
unknown artist , dutch ; flemish portrait of a young girl , ca . 1660 oil on canvas 162 . 6 x 114 . 3 cm ( 64 x 45 inches ) gift of james warren lane in memory of mrs . eva metcalf bliss lane 24 . 443
melchior d’ hondecoeter dutch , 1636 - 1695 cocks fighting , ca . 1663 - 1664 oil on canvas 81 . 9 x 101 cm ( 32 1 / 4 x 39 3 / 4 inches ) gift of mr . and mrs . norman hirschl 68 . 015
lieve verschuir dutch , ca . 1630 - 1686 harbor scene , ca . 1670 - 1680 oil on canvas 35 . 9 x 48 . 3 cm ( 14 1 / 8 x 19 inches ) gift of the wunsch foundation , inc . 1987 . 113 . 1
attributed to henri gascard french , 1634 - 1701 allegorical portrait of a lady as fortune , ca . 1674 - 1679 oil on canvas 195 . 6 x 109 . 2 cm ( 77 x 43 inches ) gift of julius h . weitzner 55 . 152
aert de gelder dutch , 1645 - 1727 portrait of an old man , ca . 1680 - 1685 oil on canvas 91 . 1 x 76 . 5 cm ( 35 7 / 8 x 30 1 / 8 inches ) gift of dr . and mrs . edward m . harris 23 . 330
jeanne vergouwen flemish , 1630 - 1714 portrait of andries rademaker , notary , displaying a statuette , 1656 oil on panel 34 . 1 x 26 . 7 cm ( 13 7 / 16 x 10 1 / 2 inches ) gift of the wunsch americana foundation , inc . 1990 . 107
louis boullogne the younger french , 1654 - 1733 augustus orders the closing of the doors of the temple of janus , ca . 1681 oil on canvas 72 . 4 x 58 . 4 cm ( 28 1 / 2 x 23 inches ) mary b . jackson fund 73 . 122
aert de gelder dutch , 1645 - 1727 esther and mordecai , ca . 1685 oil on canvas 59 . 7 x 143 . 5 cm ( 23 1 / 2 x 56 1 / 2 inches ) museum appropriation fund 17 . 138
claudio coello spanish , 1642 - 1693 portrait of a monk , ca . 1685 oil on canvas 33 x 24 . 6 cm ( 13 x 9 11 / 16 inches ) walter h . kimball fund , georgianna sayles aldrich fund , mary b . jackson fund , edgar j . lownes fund and jesse metcalf fund 54 . 181
after carlo maratti italian , 1625 - 1713 cleopatra , ca . 1695 oil on canvas mounted on cardboard 114 . 3 x 81 . 9 cm ( 45 x 32 1 / 4 inches ) museum works of art fund 59 . 007
hyacinthe rigaud french , 1659 - 1743 portrait of louis of france , the grand dauphin ( 1661 - 1711 ) , ca . 1697 - 1721 oil on canvas 90 . 8 x 73 . 8 cm ( 35 3 / 4 x 29 1 / 16 inches ) gift of mrs . gustav radeke 30 . 027
adriaen van der werff dutch , 1659 - 1722 the expulsion of hagar and ishmael , ca . 1699 oil on canvas 76 . 5 x 61 . 6 cm ( 30 1 / 8 x 24 3 / 16 inches ) helen m . danforth acquisition fund 59 . 063
attributed to isaac de moucheron dutch , 1667 - 1774 landscape with fountain , ca . 1700 oil on canvas 66 . 4 x 55 . 2 cm ( 26 1 / 8 x 21 3 / 4 inches ) bequest of miss ellen d . sharpe 54 . 147 . 83
eglon hendrick van der neer dutch , 1634 - 1703 allegory of death , 1677 oil on panel 38 . 7 x 31 . 8 cm ( 15 1 / 4 x 12 1 / 2 inches ) helen m . danforth acquisition fund 77 . 047
alessandro magnasco italian , 1667 - 1749 arsenal in a ruined basilica , ca . 1711 - 1720 oil on canvas 146 . 7 x 214 . 6 cm ( 57 13 / 16 x 84 1 / 2 inches ) museum works of art fund , museum membership fund , georgiana sayles aldrich fund , mary b . jackson fund , edgar j . lownes fund , walter h . kimball fund , jesse metcalf fund , and museum gift fund 63 . 061
follower of canaletto italian , 1697 - 1768 view of the grand canal , venice , with churches of the scalzi and santa lucia , 1700s oil on canvas 51 . 8 x 83 . 8 cm ( 20 3 / 8 x 33 inches ) gift of mrs . robert h . ives goddard , jr . 42 . 042
attributed to jan van huysum dutch , 1682 - 1749 still life with flowers , ca . 1715 - 1730 oil on canvas 35 . 6 x 27 . 9 cm ( 14 x 11 inches ) gift of d . berkeley updike in memory of elisabeth bigelow updike 36 . 018
john baptist de medina spanish - flemish , 1659 - 1710 self portrait , ca . 1700 oil on canvas 76 . 2 x 63 . 2 cm ( 30 x 24 7 / 8 inches ) georgianna sayles aldrich fund 57 . 228
domenico maria muratori italian , 1661 - 1744 the death of cleopatra , ca . 1720 oil on canvas 95 . 3 x 73 cm ( 37 1 / 2 x 28 3 / 4 inches ) anonymous gift 58 . 088
giovanni battista gaulli , called il baciccio italian , 1639 - 1709 cardinal taddeo luigi dal verme , ca . 1700 oil on canvas 90 . 8 x 74 . 9 cm ( 35 3 / 4 x 29 1 / 2 inches ) museum works of art fund 55 . 106
francesco guardi italian , 1712 - 1793 scuola di san marco with loggia erected for benediction of pope pius vi may 19 , 1782 , campo san zanipolo , ca . 1782 oil on canvas 38 . 7 x 32 . 4 cm ( 15 1 / 4 x 12 3 / 4 inches ) gift of mrs . murray s . danforth 53 . 115
unknown artist , italian floral still life with ruins and urns , 1700s oil on canvas 109 . 9 x 134 cm ( 43 1 / 4 x 52 3 / 4 inches ) gift of the estate of william e . brigham 63 . 011 . 482
unknown artist , italian floral still life with ruins and urns , 1700s oil on canvas 109 . 9 x 133 . 3 cm ( 43 5 / 16 x 52 1 / 2 inches ) gift of the estate of william e . brigham 63 . 011 . 483
francesco de mura italian , 1696 - 1782 the sacrifice of iphigenia , ca . 1727 oil on canvas 96 . 5 x 128 . 6 cm ( 38 x 50 5 / 8 inches ) museum gift fund 55 . 113
studio of francesco solimena italian , 1657 - 1747 the annunciation , modello for altarpiece of the church of san rocco , ca . 1733 oil on canvas 128 . 1 x 75 . 6 cm ( 50 7 / 16 x 29 3 / 4 inches ) jesse metcalf fund 69 . 044
karl wilhelm de hamilton flemish , ca . 1668 - 1754 forest still life , ca . 1735 oil on copper 36 . 5 x 26 . 4 cm ( 14 3 / 8 x 10 3 / 8 inches ) gift of drs . arnold - peter c . and yvonne s . weiss 2003 . 140
alonso miguel de tovar spanish , 1678 - 1758 portrait of a gentleman of the mendoza y de la vega family , 1711 oil on canvas 106 . 1 x 81 cm ( 41 3 / 4 x 31 7 / 8 inches ) gift of mrs . edwin binney , jr . and mr . and mrs . edwin binney iii 63 . 034
pompeo girolamo batoni italian , 1708 - 1787 time revealing truth , ca . 1740 - 1745 oil on canvas 119 . 4 x 89 . 2 cm ( 47 x 35 1 / 8 inches ) helen m . danforth acquisition fund 59 . 065
portrait of philip dormer stanhope , fourth earl of chesterfield , k . g .
william hoare english , ca . 1707 - 1792 portrait of philip dormer stanhope , fourth earl of chesterfield , k . g . , ca . 1742 oil on canvas 64 . 1 x 51 . 4 cm ( 25 1 / 4 x 20 1 / 4 inches ) museum works of art fund 54 . 171
giovanni paolo pannini italian , 1691 - 1765 the colosseum , ca . 1750 oil on canvas 41 . 3 x 74 . 6 cm ( 16 1 / 4 x 29 3 / 8 inches ) museum works of art fund 56 . 094
attributed to andrea locatelli italian , 1695 - 1741 sabine mountains , ca . 1730 oil on canvas 97 . 5 x 134 cm ( 38 3 / 8 x 52 3 / 4 inches ) gift of mr . morgan w . rogers in memory of lucy b . rogers 49 . 124
giovanni battista tiepolo italian , 1696 - 1770 the angel of fame , ca . 1750 fresco , mounted on canvas 198 . 1 x 330 . 8 cm ( 78 x 130 3 / 16 inches ) museum appropriation fund 32 . 246
a caricature group : sir charles turner , mr . cook , mr . john woodyeare , and rev . dr . william drake
joshua reynolds english , 1723 - 1792 a caricature group : sir charles turner , mr . cook , mr . john woodyeare , and rev . dr . william drake , ca . 1751 oil on canvas 62 . 9 x 48 . 3 cm ( 24 13 / 16 x 19 inches ) gift of mrs . murray s . danforth 53 . 349
gabriel jacques de saint - aubin french , 1724 - 1780 daybreak , ca . 1760 oil on canvas 45 . 7 x 103 . 5 cm ( 18 x 40 3 / 4 inches ) museum appropriation fund 38 . 147
antonio gonzález velázquez i spanish , 1723 - 1793 venus at the forge of vulcan obtaining arms for aeneas , ca . 1753 oil on canvas 121 . 9 x 90 . 2 cm ( 48 x 35 1 / 2 inches ) helen m . danforth acquisition fund 62 . 062
pietro longhi italian , ca . 1700 - 1785 a meal at home , ca . 1753 oil on canvas 61 . 9 x 50 . 5 cm ( 24 3 / 8 x 19 7 / 8 inches ) museum appropriation fund 34 . 1371
nicolas bernard lépicié french , 1735 - 1784 portrait of a man , ca . 1755 oil on canvas 52 . 1 x 46 . 4 cm ( 20 1 / 2 x 18 5 / 16 inches ) museum works of art fund 54 . 170
attributed to françois boucher french , 1703 - 1770 bird - catching cherubs ( summer ) l’amour oiseleur ( l’eté ) , 1732 - 1733 oil on canvas 71 . 1 x 72 . 1 cm ( 28 x 28 3 / 8 inches ) anonymous gift 64 . 115
pompeo girolamo batoni italian , 1708 - 1787 portrait of a gentleman , ca . 1760 - 1765 oil on canvas 76 . 2 x 62 . 9 cm ( 30 x 24 3 / 4 inches ) gift of jack linsky 57 . 263
attributed to andrea casali italian , 1705 - 1784 the continence of scipio , ca . 1743 oil on canvas 50 . 8 x 65 . 4 cm ( 20 x 25 3 / 4 inches ) jesse metcalf fund 75 . 027
tadeusz kuntze polish , ca . 1733 - 1793 the entombment of christ , ca . 1770 - 1780 oil on canvas 73 . 7 x 47 cm ( 29 x 18 1 / 2 inches ) gift of the wunsch foundation , inc . 1990 . 094
john singleton copley american , ca . 1738 - 1815 portrait of rebecca boylston gill , ca . 1773 oil on canvas 126 . 4 x 100 . 3 cm ( 49 3 / 4 x 39 1 / 2 inches ) museum purchase with funds from isaac c . bates , william gammell , henry d . sharpe , miss ellen d . sharpe , elizabeth a . shepard , daniel b . updike , the honorable george p . wetmore and mrs . gustav radeke 07 . 120
rev . matthew william peters english , 1742 - 1814 lydia , ca . 1776 oil on canvas 63 . 5 x 76 . 2 cm ( 25 x 30 inches ) gift of mrs . guy fairfax cary 62 . 009
thomas gainsborough english , 1727 - 1788 portrait of a woman , ca . 1760 oil on canvas 75 . 6 x 63 . 5 cm ( 29 3 / 4 x 25 inches ) gift of mrs . murray s . danforth 85 . 140
martin ferdinand quadal moravian , 1736 - 1811 self portrait , ca . 1785 oil on canvas 37 . 2 x 27 . 3 cm ( 14 5 / 8 x 10 3 / 4 inches ) gift of the wunsch foundation , inc . 1987 . 113 . 2
john singleton copley american , ca . 1738 - 1815 portrait of govenor moses gill , 1764 oil on canvas 126 . 4 x 100 . 3 cm ( 49 3 / 4 x 39 1 / 2 inches ) jesse metcalf fund 07 . 117
hubert robert french , 1733 - 1808 architectural fantasy , ca . 1802 - 1808 oil on canvas 114 x 147 . 8 cm ( 44 7 / 8 x 58 3 / 16 inches ) museum appropriation fund 37 . 104
james earl american , 1761 - 1796 portrait of captain samuel packard , ca . 1795 oil on canvas 88 . 9 x 74 . 3 cm ( 35 x 29 1 / 4 inches ) bequest of miss louise b . bowen 21 . 485
john hoppner english , 1758 - 1810 portrait of a lady , ca . 1795 oil on canvas 76 . 2 x 63 . 5 cm ( 30 x 25 inches ) given in memory of sofia w . vervena by her friends 76 . 011
anton raphael mengs german , 1728 - 1779 portrait of an english gentleman , ca . 1754 oil on canvas 99 . 1 x 73 . 3 cm ( 39 x 28 7 / 8 inches ) corporate membership fund 57 . 281
gilbert stuart american , 1755 - 1828 portrait of george washington , ca . 1805 oil on panel 66 . 7 x 53 . 3 cm ( 26 1 / 4 x 21 inches ) public subscription fund 22 . 220
rufus hathaway american , 1770 - 1822 portrait of seth winsor , ca . 1798 oil on canvas 96 . 5 x 63 . 5 cm ( 38 x 25 inches ) gift of daphne farago americana collection 84 . 229
sir william beechey english , 1753 - 1839 portrait of john cook of norwich , 1784 oil on canvas 69 . 2 x 49 . 5 cm ( 27 5 / 16 x 19 1 / 2 inches ) helen m . danforth acquisition fund 79 . 009
james earl american , 1761 - 1796 portrait of abigail congdon packard , ca . 1795 oil on canvas 88 . 9 x 73 . 7 cm ( 35 x 29 inches ) gift of elizabeth packard white salisbury , william gerald white , and charlotte bowen white spellman 1993 . 049
after amable - louis - claude pagnest french , 1790 - 1819 study of a male torso , ca . 1813 oil on canvas 76 . 2 x 81 . 9 cm ( 30 x 32 1 / 4 inches ) gift of the wunsch foundation , inc . 1987 . 113 . 3
william etty english , 1787 - 1849 back view of a standing male nude in a boat , ca . 1818 - 1820 oil on paper mounted on panel 68 . 6 x 50 . 2 cm ( 27 x 19 3 / 4 inches ) anonymous gift 56 . 055
john constable english , 1776 - 1837 portrait of mrs . edwards , ca . 1818 oil on canvas 76 x 63 . 7 cm ( 29 15 / 16 x 25 1 / 16 inches ) corporate membership fund 58 . 197
adèle romany french , 1769 - 1846 portrait of auguste vestris , 1793 oil on canvas 95 . 2 x 77 . 5 cm ( 37 1 / 2 x 30 inches ) purchased with the edith c . erlenmeyer bequest and the helen m . danforth acquisition fund 2009 . 9
angelica kauffmann swiss , 1741 - 1807 praxiteles giving phryne his statue of cupid , 1794 oil on canvas 43 . 3 x 48 . 6 cm ( 17 1 / 16 x 19 1 / 8 inches ) museum works of art fund 59 . 008
jean - louis - andré - théodore géricault french , 1791 - 1824 a cart loaded with kegs , ca . 1822 - 1823 oil on canvas 59 . 5 x 73 . 3 cm ( 23 7 / 16 x 28 7 / 8 inches ) museum works of art fund 43 . 539
attributed to charles meynier french , 1768 - 1832 love is the same for all ( amor omnibus idem ) , 1795 oil on canvas 40 . 3 x 32 . 4 cm ( 15 7 / 8 x 12 3 / 4 inches ) mary b . jackson fund 72 . 145
unknown artist , northern european , denmark portrait of a young lady , ca . 1820 oil on canvas 75 . 6 x 59 . 9 cm ( 29 3 / 4 x 23 9 / 16 inches ) gift of julius h . weitzner 57 . 294
charles lock eastlake english , 1793 - 1865 the celian hill from the palatine , ca . 1823 oil on canvas 33 . 5 x 44 . 8 x 6 . 4 cm ( 13 3 / 16 x 17 5 / 8 x 2 1 / 2 inches ) anonymous gift 56 . 099
william blake british , 1757 - 1827 baptism of christ , ca . 1799 tempera over pen and ink on canvas 32 . 4 x 49 . 2 cm ( 12 3 / 4 x 19 3 / 8 inches ) museum appropriation fund 32 . 219
francisco josé de goya y lucientes spanish , 1746 - 1828 portrait of gerónima goicoechea y galarza , 1805 oil on copper diameter : 8 . 9 cm ( 3 1 / 2 inches ) gift of grenville l . winthrop 34 . 1366
unknown artist , danish ; german , germany ; denmark snowball fight , ca . 1830 oil on canvas 33 x 43 . 3 cm ( 13 x 17 1 / 16 inches ) anonymous gift 57 . 160
francisco josé de goya y lucientes spanish , 1746 - 1828 portrait of cesárea goicoechea y galarza , 1805 oil on copper diameter : 8 . 9 cm ( 3 1 / 2 inches ) gift of mrs . murray s . danforth 34 . 1365
jacques - luc barbier - walbonne french , 1769 - 1860 portrait of antoine - georges - françois de chabaud - latour and his family , 1806 oil on canvas 221 x 174 cm ( 87 x 68 1 / 2 inches ) helen m . danforth acquisition fund 2003 . 105
after pierre - paul prud’hon french , 1758 - 1823 divine vengeance and justice pursuing crime , after 1808 oil on canvas 32 . 7 x 40 . 8 cm ( 12 7 / 8 x 16 1 / 16 inches ) gift of mrs . murray s . danforth in memory of eliza g . radeke on the occasion of the 75th anniversary of the rhode island school of design 53 . 371
edward matthew ward english , 1816 - 1879 a game of charades , ca . 1840 oil on canvas 112 . 1 x 142 . 6 cm ( 44 1 / 8 x 56 1 / 8 inches ) museum works of art fund 53 . 129
edward mitchell bannister american , 1828 - 1901 portrait of christiana carteaux bannister , ca . 1860 oil on canvas 88 . 9 x 65 . 7 cm ( 35 x 25 7 / 8 inches ) gift of the edward m . bannister foundation 2016 . 38 . 1
joseph paelinck belgian , 1781 - 1839 william i , king of the netherlands , 1817 oil on canvas 223 . 5 x 175 . 3 cm ( 88 x 69 inches ) museum works of art fund 56 . 090a
william hilton ii english , 1786 - 1839 the triumph of the duke of wellington , 1817 oil on canvas 97 . 2 x 154 cm ( 38 1 / 4 x 60 5 / 8 inches ) museum works of art fund 56 . 088
joseph paelinck belgian , 1781 - 1839 frederica wilhelmina , queen of the netherlands , 1817 oil on canvas 223 . 5 x 175 . 3 cm ( 88 x 69 inches ) museum works of art fund 56 . 090b
jean - auguste - dominique ingres french , 1780 - 1867 studies of a head of a man , hands of saint john for christ offering saint peter the keys to paradise , and hooded capuchin monk , ca . 1817 - 1820 oil on canvas 45 . 1 x 32 . 4 cm ( 17 3 / 4 x 12 3 / 4 inches ) purchased with funds from the bequest of maria dasdagulian in honor of joseph fazzano 2012 . 1
after pierre - paul prud’hon french , 1758 - 1823 portrait of madame jarre , 1821 oil on canvas 66 x 56 . 2 cm ( 26 x 22 1 / 8 inches ) bequest of mr . charles l . pendleton 04 . 166


brammo , inc. is an american producer of electric traction motors and traction batteries based in ashland , oregon , united states .

brammo marketed its motorcycles via the company 's website .

they were also available for sale and service at some motorcycle dealers throughout the united states , europe , and asia .

on january 15 , 2015 , polaris industries announced that it had purchased the entire electric motorcycle business from brammo .

production of an electric motorcycle , the rebadged victory empulse , commenced at polaris ' factory in spirit lake , ia during the second half of 2015 .

brammo

browse brammo motorcycles . search for a new brammo motorcycles or check out past brammo models .
watch the brammo empulse r in action in the brammo empulse r review video .
not a scooter but electric is always interesting . brammo launched two models at this years eicma brammo inc
brammo , inc . is a leading electric vehicle technology company headquartered in north america . brammo designs and develops electric vehicles including the enertia , empulse and engage motorcycles . brammo is an oem supplier of its innovative brammo digital drivetrain ( tm ) systems including the brammo power ( tm ) battery pack and brammo power ( tm ) vehicle management system . brammo has vehicle distribution and marketing operations in north america , europe and asia
no owners have yet reviewed the brammo empulse ( 2014 - 2015 ) . review your brammo empulse ( 2014 - 2015 )
brammo inc . is a leading electric vehicle technology company headquartered in north america . brammo designs and develops electric vehicles , including the encite , enertia , empulse and engage motorcycles . brammo is an oem supplier of its innovative brammo digital drivetrain™ systems , including the brammo power™ battery pack and brammo power™ vehicle management system . brammo has vehicle distribution and marketing operations in north america , europe and asia . to learn more , visit urltoken .
brammo inc . is a leading electric vehicle technology company headquartered in north america . brammo designs , develops and integrates electric powertrains for le
today’s announcement sees the first application of brammo’s innovative brammo digital drivetrain™ including the brammo power™ battery pack and brammo power™ vehicle management system . brammo’s breakthrough in price / energy density is at the heart of today’s announcement and is unequalled in the electric vehicle industry . the empulse is also the world’s first production electric motorcycle to have a water cooled motor .
this is a tour of brammo motorsports , the licensed us manufacturer of the ariel atom . see the brammo facilities , how an ariel atom is made , and meet some of the brammo motorsports team ! woolery productions
rogue gt ? gone . enter the enertia gt from brammo motorsports ! - autoblog
click past the jump to read more about polaris industries’ purchase of brammo inc .
american electric motorcycle manufacturer brammo have announced a uk distribution agreement that . . .
deliveries are slated to begin 2011 with brammo is now taking pre - orders .
ariel atom 2 level 2 . 9 axles ( brammo ) 2 . 0 gm ecotec
electric motorcycle manufacturer brammo has started production in hungary , expanding its business . . .
brammo designs and develops electric vehicles , including the enertia , empulse and engage motorcycles .
the race bikes will be based on the brammo empulse that brammo announced one year ago . bramscher said the company has received 1 , 000 orders but production was delayed by his decision to incorporate the six - speed transmission brammo developed for its new line of dirt bikes .
victory was able to strike first thanks to parent company , polaris , which has had a business relationship with brammo for several years , culminating this past january with polaris acquiring brammo’s electric motorcycle assets . brammo will continue to operate as an electric powertrain company independent of victory .
about brammo brammo is a premier specialty vehicle manufacturer developing sustainable performance products for the next generation of transportation . through integration of digital engineering and high impact design , brammo transforms ideas into compelling products . located in ashland , oregon the company was founded in 2002 and is privately held .
click past the jump to read more about brammo’s recall of its empulse and empulse r bikes .
just six months after american firm victory bought electric motorcycle company brammo the firm has . . .
for more info on brammo ' s electric street and race bikes check out hell for leather .
to help ease sticker shock and woo buyers , brammo has arranged consumer financing with sheffield financial .
brammo is distributed in the uk via going green ltd ( urltoken ) and darvill distribution ltd .
electric motorcycles aren’t new , but brammo is a new name to canada . on july 29th , urltoken attended the reveal of the first rideable model in canada – the 2014 brammo empulse r .
brammo , maker of the enertia plug - in electric motorcycle announced today that best buy is an official sponsor and team partner of brammo’s two - bike team that will compete in the isle of man ttxgp race . the team will be officially known as team brammo enertia best buy racing .
craig bramscher , founder and ceo of brammo said ”motorcycle riders have been requesting increased speed and range and i am proud and delighted to reveal these game changing brammo electric motorcycles . our customers expect brammo to design and produce the world’s most exciting ( and affordable ) electric motorcycles and that’s exactly what we have done . ” bramscher continued , “today’s announcement promises no more range anxiety for brammo customers . ”
for enhanced agility in the city , the brammo enertia plus also comes with a tighter turning radius .
brammo have revealed their new empulse electric motorcycle , which they claim is capable of 100mph . . .
american electric bike manufacturer brammo is launching four new models featuring ' a game - changing . . .
founder and ceo of brammo , craig bramscher ( twitter : @ brammocraig ) said , “our goal with team brammo enertia best buy racing is to explore future capabilities , technologies and features of the production - based enertia electric motorcycle and the future of the brammo product line . having best buy support for our enertia racing program has really helped brammo elevate the program and it is awesome to have their involvement . ”
brammo , inc . and s . m . r . e . engineering have entered into a strategic partnership . thereby brammo has acquired an exclusive international license of smre’s patented integrated electric transmission ( iet ) . from now on , brammo has the possibility to offer its electric motorcycles with a 6 speed transmission .
the driveshaft shop | ariel atom 2 level 2 . 9 axles ( brammo ) 2 . 0 gm ecotec
the brammo / icon spec 32 eboz edition is offered with a price tag of $ 19 , 995 .
stand by for the brammo empulse . its production was delayed a year so they could fit a transmission .
brammo is a u . s . brand that assembles its motorcycles in oregon . sven bernard is the managing director of w . c . distributing , an alberta - based company that is the canadian distributor for brammo .
going forward , the two companies will leverage polaris’ leading position in the global powersports industry to market a variety of electric vehicles utilizing brammo’s award winning lithium - ion electric drivetrain technology , while freeing brammo to continue developing its innovative electric vehicle powertrains . brammo supplies these products , including the brammo power™ battery pack and brammo power™ vehicle management systems , globally to a wide range of oems . as part of this transaction , polaris will utilize the assets acquired to begin manufacturing electric motorcycles in the second half of 2015 at its spirit lake , ia facility .
if you’re looking for a street legal electric bike , the brammo empulse r with up to 121 city miles of range and rapid acceleration may be just for you . brammo is definitely trying to play up the sexy factor with their electric motorcycle , as shown in this recent brammo commercial . brammo is trying to position the empulse as a legit alternative to traditional motorcycles , asking for no sacrifices from the rider in terms of range or performance .
there’s no question that the brammo enertia was built for one purpose : produce grins for newbie and experienced motorcyclists .
us - based , electric motorcycle manufacturer brammo has announced that they’ll be giving a copy of the . . .
meh . still holding out for a brammo empulse , if that ever turns out not to just be vaporware .
the brammo empulse r is a unique urban play bike , ideal for commuting but capable of backroad shenanigans too .
“the empulse reveals the significant price performance that we can deliver using brammo power™ technology . just like it did with the enertia powercycle , brammo has again raised the bar in terms of electrical drivetrain innovation and time to market . ”
when the brammo enertia first launched in 2009 , one of its major drawbacks was that it could only go about 42 miles before requiring a recharge . but brammo’s been working hard to fix that problem , and today’s introduction of the brammo enertia plus doubles the range of the original model , allowing riders to travel 80 miles on a single charge .
the brammo empulse electric motorcycle has long been the “other” mainstream electric motorcycle—but its days now appear to be officially numbered .
brammo calls its second family of new models “encite , ” which consists of the mmx pro and mmx mini motocrossers .
compared to prior electric motorcycles , the brammo spoke a design language that could be heard by experienced motorcyclists : it simply looked right . the initial press coverage brought a wave of potential buyers requesting to be added to brammo’s waiting list .
electric traction motors lithium - ion traction batteries brammo inc . designs , develops and integrates electric powertrains for leading oem’s .
photo : alex tang / brammo . the empulse rr in the pits at the ttxgp at infineon raceway on may 15 .
given the brammo enertia’s key market , we think its limited steering movement spoils what is otherwise a very competent electric motorcycle .
brammo inc . , the manufacturer of the brammo enertia powercycle , was formed in 2002 by entrepreneur craig bramscher . brammo is headquartered in ashland , oregon situated between the cascade and siskiyou mountains in the southern part of the state , 12 miles north of the california border . the company name
brammo
dates back to craig bramscher ' s high school football days – it was the nickname given to craig by his football coach . craig ' s life long passion for beautiful vehicles now blends with his commitment to sustainability as he inspires brammo ' s product offerings to be equal parts exhilaration and eco - consciousness .
as far as prices are concerned , the brammo enertia plus can be yours for no less than $ 10 , 995 .
polaris industries has bought the remaining piece of brammo inc . ' s electric motorcycle business . ( minneapolis star - tribune )
polaris industries bought the electric motorcycle business assets of brammo in january 2015 , and added the empulse to its victory lineup .
brammo has recently unveiled the empulse , an electric bike set to go on sale in 2013 . the empulse . . .
electric motorcycle manufacturer brammo has signed a deal to provide race - ready rides for the ttxgp electric racing series for the 2013 season . the bike will be a souped - up version of the empulse that brammo says we ' ll see within months .
ashland , oregon – october 19th , 2010 . brammo , inc . announced today the enertia plus , featuring brammo power® the latest in lithium - ion battery technology . the enertia plus is available for immediate pre - order and deliveries will commence in 2011 .
the motorcycles , built by oregon - based brammo inc . , have emergency lights and accessories , said city spokesman matthew johnson .
the 2011 brammo enertia has good road manners at speed , helped in part by very lightweight steering and a good center of gravity .
in the short term , that also means the withdrawal of the victory empulse tt electric motorcycle ( based on the brammo empusle ) .
it was only a year ago that we were at the top gear test track , riding the brammo empulse r electric . . .
the enertia plus takes the award winning brammo enertia and sets a new level in performance . the latest brammo power® battery dramatically increases range from 40 to 80 miles . a tighter turning radius makes city riding even more enjoyable . charging is simplified on the plus . while the plus displays an almost identical profile to the original enertia new colors combined with the latest brammo graphics make the plus instantly recognizable .
some cracking footage of the brammo boys in action on their eco - friendly racers , filmed at last year ' s inaugural ttxgp .
the upcoming technology from brammo promises to be the next leaps forward in electric motorcycles , but the company has thus far been long on promises and short on delivery . brammo’s next 12 months will be telling . until then , the class - leading enertia carries the torch .
polaris industries inc . today announced it has acquired the electric motorcycle business of brammo inc . in addition , polaris is acting as a leading investor in a recapitalization of brammo that enables the company to focus exclusively on the design , development and integration of electric vehicle powertrains .
brammo will provide box - stock empulse motorcycles to the ttxgp through mavizen , the electric motorcycle startup launched by ttxgp founder azhar hussain . mavizen and brammo will develop a
race kit
including racing bodywork , unspecified
race performance upgrades
and track - side tech support .
on brammo’s racing front we’re happy to report brammo racer and 2011 ttxgp north american champion steve atlas was in attendance and recovering well from a nasty crash he suffered during practice for the first round of the 2012 ttxgp series held last weekend at infineon raceway in sonoma , calif .
the cush drive added to the tt has significantly damped the harsh driveline lash of the brammo , making the victory easier to ride smoothly .
in celebration of team icon brammo’s ttxgp championship team , we are proud to announce the race - derived , limited edition icon brammo spec 32 for public release . as a technical and design leader in motorcycle apparel , icon motosports has crafted the livery design and participated as title sponsor of the brammo gp racers for the past two seasons . bold in appearance , and ground breaking in their performance , team icon brammo has legitimized and excited the mass market about the future of electric motorcycling . the 2013 brammo empulse r : icon eboz edition is a strictly limited edition of just 32 motorcycles . commemorating rider eric bostrom’s world number and inspired by the former ama champion’s signature replica helmet designed by icon motosports , in portland , or . the icon brammo empulse spec 32 is a shot across the bow for the next generation of elite electric motorcycles .
owners of brammo atoms as well as those produced by ariel uk and tmi should double - check before adjusting / altering anything on the car based on this manual . there are some
interesting
bits of information in there that shouldn ' t be relied upon . one glaring example is the alignment specs . also , non - brammo cars have a different coolant - the dex - cool used in the brammo cars does
at the launch party , brammo announced the empulse and empulse r will cost $ 16 , 995 and $ 18 , 995 respectively with financing available from sheffield financial . through this financing , customers will be able to purchase the new empulse and empulse r from brammo dealers as follows :
it’s worth noting that both johnston and lee will be piloting electric motorcycles that may or may not have been brammo electric bikes in the past . if you’re a little confused about this arrangement , remember that both victory motorcycles and brammo’s electric technology development are owned by polaris industries . it’s no coincidence that upon buying brammo back in march 2015 , polaris immediately gave the keys to the proverbial brammo ev kingdom to victory motorcycles , which is why we’re seeing the motorcycle brand compete in not one but two races in the coming months . have we forgotten project 156 , everybody ?
cycle world has specs and reviews on the 2012 enertia . this 2012 brammo is made in usa with an msrp of $ 7 , 995 .
brammo constructs the top body and sidepanels from carbon fiber . the fairing and tail are honda rs250 pieces , modified to fit the enertia chassis .
the brammo power li - ion battery generates 10 . 4 kwh ; a marginal increase over the 10 . 2 kwh of the 2014 empulse r
true to brammo ' s devotion to zero tailpipe - emission transportation , the empulse launch event was carbon - neutral . brammo has worked with urltoken to purchase carbon offsets to mitigate the greenhouse emissions generated by transportation , electricity use , and other resource - intensive activities associated with this event .
the empulse is brammo’s take on a naked sportbike , so the ability to slice up a twisty back road was high on the list of objectives . i tracked down some challenging pavement in the hills south of miller and was surprised by how much fun the brammo was to weave through corners .
the recall starts today , february 12 , 2015 so if owners believe that their bikes are having problems , they’re free to contact brammo’ customer service .
polaris industries’ acquisition of “certain electric motorcycle assets” from brammo made news the previous week , signalling a new opportunity for the former to expand its own lineup of existing models and venture into the the world of ev bikes . the same announcement also included pieces of information on what brammo’s plans are moving forward . today , though , we can say with all certainty that brammo’s future will be dedicated solely on developing world - class electric vehicle drivetrain systems .
you remember brammo , right ? the small oregon - based maker of electric sportbikes got bought by polaris this year and absorbed into its victory motorcycles brand . the good news is that the brammo empulse , a bike we once called “the future of hoonage , ” is back under the victory banner .
victory says the new empulse tt “shares some dna” with the original brammo , but it’s pretty much the same motorcycle with improved battery life , displays and handling . those are good things . ( victory also recently ran a brammo in the isle of man tt to show off its racing chops . )
just before selling the motorcycle business to victory , brammo had a “fire sale” and sold its remaining bikes for thousands of dollars off the original price .
they invested in brammo electric motorcycles and bought gaupil , a french electric truck maker , as well as global electric motorcars ( gem ) from chrysler .
the bike is the 2016 victory empulse tt , and if it looks familiar , that’s because it’s a lightly modified brammo . cosmetics are polished , a new instrument unit is used , paint and bodywork are redone , and battery capacity is boosted 10 percent with new “pouch” cells and more efficient packaging . but beyond that , this is a brammo as it was . it’s even initially being manufactured by brammo in oregon before production is later moved to the midwest .
motorcycle - - - -
it won’t wheelie and doesn’t like doing burnouts , but the brammo enertia will nevertheless produce grins even for experienced motorcyclists .
but slow down , and we discovered the extremely limited steering lock on the 2011 brammo enertia impeded last - minute lane changes and low - speed maneuvers .
the enertia is consumer electronics that you can ride and brammo’s engineers are able to deliver a better value proposition to customers sooner than a traditional transportation company .
best buy is a major investor and the primary retail outlet for brammo ' s enertia production bike . it ' s available at select locations right now .
for the moment , there aren’t revealed any official price specifications for the new brammo enertia plus , but we can expect to be priced below $ 5000 .
bartels , the newest dealership for brammo’s award - winning electric motorcycle in los angeles , is looking forward to competing in the 2013 ttxgp north america championship .
the history of the empulse began with brammo . the bike went into production in 2013 after several years of delays , followed by minimal upgrades for 2014 .
– the lower body panel now sports a white brammo logo to make identification even easier for those not yet familiar with the world leader in electric motorcycles .
polaris industries has given new life to a start - up company with the full acquisition of brammo inc . the buyout is great news for the brammo , which has been struggling to gain any traction as an electric bike maker amidst a segment that seems to be growing in competition as the years pass . without the funding it needed to compete against the big boys , brammo found itself in the unenviable position of fending for itself without any financial stability to stand on .
brammo likely chose to unveil the empulse in tinsel town in order to impress and create the perception the new e - bike was making a glamorous debut . but it wasn’t lost on me that hollywood is the place where so many legitimately talented acts come , as brammo did , to make the proverbial big time .
brammo motorsports atom 2 [ gm ecotec l61 2 . 2l ] { 140hp } ‘06 atom 2 [ gm ecotec lsj 2 . 0l ] { 205hp } ‘06 atom 2 [ gm ecotec lsj 2 . 0l ] { 230hp } supercharged ‘06 atom 2 [ gm ecotec lsj 2 . 0l ] { 245hp } supercharged ‘06 atom 2 [ gm ecotec lsj 2 . 0l ] { 300hp } supercharged ‘06 atom 2 [ honda k20 2 . 0l ] { 245hp } ‘06 atom 2 [ honda k20 2 . 0l ] { 300hp } supercharged ‘06 brammo rogue gt [ falconer v12 ] { 860hp , n / a } experimental super car ‘09 brammo rogue gt [ falconer v12 ] { 1100hp , n / a } experimental hyper car ‘09 brammo rogue gt [ falconer v12 ] { 1300hp , s / c } experimental hyper car ‘10 brammo rogue gt [ falconer v12 ] { 1600hp , turbo } experimental hyper car ‘10 brammo enertia gt ev super car ‘09
in spite of the continued spin brammo is putting on this development as the best thing ever , my personal opinion is that polaris has had enough of watching the company’s lack of focus , sees an opportunity to cut their losses and pull what they can sell through their channels , and cut brammo and it’s management loose .
the oregon based brammo is one of the top manufacturers in the electric motorcycles segment and has recently announced that its electric bikes will be sold in the uk .
right now , brammo has their ttr race bike from the ttxgp on display at the cascade station best buy in portland . videos and pictures after the jump .
the electric motorcycle market is growing at a rapid rate ; who will emerge as the top player ? it’s still anybody’s game , and the crop of excellent products from both brammo and zero is making it more than interesting . for now , enjoy this awesome video of the brammo empulse rr silently tearing up the track .
what would you build if you had the battery capacity of 1 , 706 apple iphones ? if you work for brammo , the answer is an empulse r .
ashland , ore . and singapore , sept 15 , 2010 / prnewswire via comtex / - - brammo , inc . a global leader in the electric motorcycle business and flextronics ( nasdaq : flex ) , a leading global electronics manufacturing services ( ems ) provider today announced that brammo has selected flextronics as its global manufacturing partner for the production of plug - in electric motorcycles and components . this strategic partnership enables brammo to rapidly scale its manufacturing production in order to meet gr . . .
minneapolis– ( business wire ) –polaris industries inc . ( nyse : pii ) today announced it has acquired the electric motorcycle business of brammo inc . in addition , polaris is acting as a leading investor in a recapitalization of brammo that enables the company to focus exclusively on the design , development and integration of electric vehicle powertrains .
ashland , oregon – july 15th , 2010 . brammo , inc . announced today it will begin production of an electric sportbike , calling it the “empulse . ” brammo demonstrated a pre - production prototype today and all three production models of the empulse will be capable of sustaining 100 mph . the three models will have different battery capacities , all utilizing an innovative proprietary array , the brammo power™ battery and vehicle management system . the empulse is available for immediate order and deliveries will commence in 2011 .
brammo announces the - 2011 enertia plus - an electric motorcycle which can travel up to 80 miles ( 128 kilometers ) on a single charge and costs $ 8995 .
well this was fun . late last year i became the first person outside brammo to ride their factory race bike . was it fast ? well , with 173 hp at the wheel and 166 lb . - ft . at the crank , what do you think ? read all about it in this 2014 brammo empulse rr review .
the 2012 zero s / ds have optional passenger pegs . the brammo empulse due out this year will supposedly have passenger pegs , though they too may be optional .
brammo has indicated their packs will be the densest packs available when they ship ( enertia + in july ) – possibly 190 - 200 wh / kg cells . urltoken
brammo’s range - topper is equipped with off - the - shelf marzocchi forks , a sachs rear shock , and brembo brakes . it ' s also the only current electric bike with a six - speed transmission included , brammo say , not just to appeal to traditional motorcyclists but to eke out maximum performance from the compact 40kw motor .
ttxgp and brammo added that riders racing the empulse ttx in the ttxgp 2013 series will be eligible for cash prizes in each race in addition to performance - based scoring that will count towards and culminate in the award of the prestigious brammo cup . the ttxgp world championship remains committed to an open platform and not a single - make series .
emo… if you are such a subject matter expert on all things “battery”… . then please tell uss how come no one wants a volt or a brammo e - bike ?
- most oems don’t offer test rides , but brammo does , at least at some dealers–the bike in the story was a demo unit from scuderia west in san francisco .
motousa has a long history with brammo , which is located 20 miles south of our own headquarters in medford , oregon . we were one of the first to sample the
the all - electric powertrain came straight from the enertia ' s existing supply chain , using beefed - up (
overvolved
in brammo - speak ) versions of the same electric motor , digital controller and battery - management system . the battery pack , comprising eight lithium - cobalt batteries , was built by brammo specifically for the racing application .
all in all , brammo indicated that a total of 149 units are affected by the issue and owners of these bikes are being encouraged to bring their bikes to brammo dealers . these bikes will be tested and if it’s discovered that they’re experiencing the problem , engineers will install a new transmission breather baffle kit at no cost to the bike owners .
brammo claims the empulse r has a range of about 200 km in stop - and - go city driving , and about 80 km of highway driving . that’s pretty impressive and ought to appeal to commuters . because of this good range in city use , bernard says brammo e - bikes are already in service by some police departments in california .
in 2012 icon came aboard as the title sponsor for the brammo ttxgp campaign and the rest was history . emblazoned in our “stack” livery , and wearing our latest icon airmada helmet , not only did we win races , but we won over many critics in the process . atop the brammo empulse rr , steve atlas won the international ttxgp championship , and helped solidify the reputation of brammo and icon as companies on the leading edge of motorcycle innovation . 2013 is not just an evolution of this partnership , but a revolution .
we like brammo’s ambitious plans , but zero seems better focused on getting its improved product in the hands of consumers a lot sooner than any other electric motorcycle maker to date .
brammo announces the empulse - a trio of electric motorcycles exceeding 100mph , a model that can travel up to 100 miles on a single charge with prices starting at $ 9995 .
now that polaris has essentially absorbed a significant part of brammo’s business framework , the two companies can proceed with developing new electric bikes that will fall under the polaris brand name .
brammo is one of the most popular electric motorcycle manufacturers . the company earned a favorable reputation in the world of electric two wheelers as its products are reliable and well built .
after gaining popularity by racing the enertia ttr sportbike at this year’s isle of man tt motorcycle race , brammo announces that their bikes are now available at select best buy stores .
but without significant changes for 2016 , the 2016 victory empulse remained fundamentally the same bike as the original 2013 brammo empulse—but with a higher price of nearly $ 20 , 000 .
the federal rebates for electric motorcycles ended on dec 31 2011 . brammo and others are pushing for their reinstatement , but currently only state rebates are available for e - motorcycles .
the team brammo enertia best buy racing machines . no . 11 will be ridden by roy richardson and no . 26 by mark buckley during the isle of man ttxgp race .
it was important to brammo to create a great motorcycle and we paid attention to customer feedback to create just that ,
said craig bramsher , ceo and president of brammo .
from concept to production the empulse product has evolved quite a bit . we are bringing you a different motorcycle that promises to be more than what our riders expected .
research conducted by brammo with both customers and dealers has driven the development of the empulse and empulse r . as a result , these motorcycles now come with a water - cooled ac motor and fully integrated iet™ six speed transmission , seating for two , regenerative braking and on board j1772 level 2 charging capability . to ensure the highest quality performance and design , brammo works with internationally renowned manufacturers for superior components of their motorcycles . this close attention to the supply chain ensures the durability , reliability and ultimately future resale value of brammo products .
census records can tell you a lot of little known facts about your brammo ancestors , such as occupation . occupation can tell you about your ancestor ' s social and economic status .
brammo’s motorcycles will be sold though the goingreen website which is dedicated to green vehicles . brammo’s lineup available for the uk market will include the enertia plus , the empulse and the empulse r models . for the moment , we don’t have any official details about the prices , but we don’t expect to be a big difference between the us and uk price tags .
the first two models that will receive the new transmission are the brammo engage and encite . the engage mx dirt bike has an anticipated price of $ 9 , 995 . 00 .
–the distinctive empulse battery brackets that secure the brammo power 15 / 90 battery packs are now redesigned and nickel plated , adding a distinctive and technical look to the bike’s familiar profile .
if it looks like a brammo empulse r to you , that’s because it mostly is . victory made a few updates and provided new graphics with sparkling gold metalflake in the paint .
fans and media can follow brammo on urltoken , or on twitter at @ brammosays . additional pictures of the enertia race bikes and fresh video can also be found at the website .
the relationship between icon and brammo began during one of our previous photo - shoots . around the same time , the ttxgp electric bike series was taking off , icon was looking for a way to get involved in motorsport in an engaging , unique way , and brammo was looking for a partner unafraid of electric bike skepticism . a collaboration was the natural next step .
wired - - - -
brammo’s built a super - duper version of its enertia electric motorcycle that’s good for 80 miles and comes with some options that make it more practical .
that was the announcement made by brammo founder and ceo craig bramscher . according to bramscher , the polaris acquisition wasn’t made so that brammo itself would fall in line with the former’s other bike brands , namely victory and indian . instead , the acquisition fell more in line with the two company’s plans to work side - by - side to develop class - leading electric motorcycles .
brammo had been building electric bikes in small quantities since 2010 , when it announced the empulse r . but the american - built bike didn ' t arrive in the uk until 2014 .
set for delivery in 2011 , the enertia plus comes with a 6 . 0 kwh brammo power lithium ion battery pack , and a manufacturer’s suggested retail price of $ 8 , 995 .
the empulse tt is effectively a rebadged brammo empulse r . the naked electric sportbike features a twin - spar aluminum frame , fully adjustable suspension with an inverted fork and a single rear shock , dual - disk brakes at the front and lightweight cast aluminum rims all around . a notable difference from the brammo model is the change from 180 to a 160 - section rear tire .
“best buy racing is thrilled to be part of such an innovative racing endeavor , ” said paul zindrick , senior manager of event marketing at best buy . “our involvement with brammo and the ttxgp event is a natural extension of our best buy racing initiatives and we will apply our full technical and promotional resources to integrate the brammo enertia into best buy racing around the world . ”
starting at $ 7 , 995 before federal and state incentives , the 2011 brammo enertia is squarely aimed at commuters looking to ditch their cars and commute to work on something smaller and quicker .
brammo has designed and developed numerous electric vehicles , including the award - winning enertia and empulse motorcycles . testifying to its capabilities and technology , brammo motorcycles have won a number of awards including : 2013 playboy “motorcycle of year” and “best electric” ( empulse r ) , 2012 gq “best stuff of the year” ( empulse ) , 2011 popular science “best of what’s new” ( empulse ) , 2011 urltoken “best of 2011” and a 2010 silver edison award . in addition , brammo’s motorcycles have won numerous racing championships including the 2013 fim err north american world cup champion and 2012 ttxgp world championship .
brammo has designed and developed numerous electric vehicles , including the award - winning enertia and empulse motorcycles . testifying to its capabilities and technology , brammo motorcycles have won a number of awards including : 2013 playboy “motorcycle of year” and “best electric” ( empulse r ) , 2012 gq “best stuff of the year” ( empulse ) , 2011 popular science “best of what’s new” ( empulse ) , 2011 urltoken “best of 2011” and a 2010 silver edison award . in addition , brammo’s motorcycles have won numerous racing championships including the 2013 fim err north american world cup champion and 2012 ttxgp world championship .
colby lutz , a southern oregon university sophomore and part time brammo technician , checks out the company ' s electric - powered motorcycle . brammo , which now is selling its products online , hopes to produce 5 , 000 motorcycles in the next 12 months , the company ' s marketing a communications director said . “orders are coming in , ” john farris said . - mail tribune file photo
if the empulse tt looks familiar , there ' s a good reason : it ' s a refreshed and rebadged version of the brammo empulse . victory bought brammo ' s motorcycle business earlier this year , taking its electric vehicle tech over to the famed ( and notoriously deadly ) isle of man tt for a proper shakedown — now , it ' s heading back to the retail market .
when brammo first announced the empulse in july 2010 it initially had three models in the chute : the empulse 6 . 0 , with a 6 . 0 - kilowatt - hour ( kwh ) lithium - ion battery , the empulse 8 . 0 with 8 . 0 - kwh battery , and the empulse 10 . 0 with a 10 - kwh battery . however , brammo dropped the smaller - capacity battery models . consumer feedback revealed to brammo that riders wanted most the range and speed the 10 kilowatt - hour battery provides . it was also consumer feedback that led to the transmission .
as one of the biggest players in the electric motorcycle world , there’s a lot of pressure on brammo to produce world - class vehicles . well so far they are holding up just fine , and their latest offering has the potential to reshape the vision most of us have of electric vehicles . watch as ttxgp champion steve atlas laps the oregon park raceway on the brammo empulse rr electric superbike .
2013 sees a revision in the icon brammo racer lineup . two - time champion steve atlas is returning to defend his title , and the icon brammo team also has signed internationally acclaimed rider eric bostrom . both riders have a raft of racing experience , and eric bostrom in particular has raced everything from harley ’s , ducati ’s , and kawasaki ’s . with the riders set , we began working on the bikes , gear , and livery for the upcoming season . the brammo bikes have received a slight facelift from last season - sporting revised fairings as well as increase power and battery capacity .
polaris industries , inc . purchases brammo , inc . from draper fisher jurvetson management llc , chrysalix energy management , inc . , best buy capital , terracap ventures , inc . , northport investments llc
at last a 2013 production model , the empulse has been a long time coming . first revealed in july 2010 , it snared headlines with its claims of 100 mph top speed and 100 mile range . brammo has since retooled the production empulse with components developed by its ttxgp title - winning race program . a more potent liquid - cooled motor is mated to brammo’s latest proprietary lithium - ion batteries , which store 9 kwh power . the empulse also features a novel ( for an ev ride ) six - speed transmission . the result is road - worthy performance that obliterates brammo’s previous offerings .
in 2011 , polaris industries was in a buying mood . they invested in the electric motorcycle company brammo and purchased the rights to market and manufacture indian motorcycles . indian motorcycles relocated production from north carolina to the same spirit lake iowa factory that produces victory motorcycles in 2015 . the enertia electric bike ( purchased from brammo ) was also slated to begin production at spirit lake by the end of 2016 .
brammo’s plans to expand on new markets is a brilliant idea as apart from the fact that it will boost its sales the strategy will also help it gain an even better reputation among electric motorcycle lovers .
of course , you can’t buy one of these . the empulse rr is a two - off prototype developed specifically for electric motorcycle racing and shares virtually nothing with its showroom counterpart , the brammo empulse .
le container : brammo - ttxgp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . lu
that figure would make brammo the eighth largest bike manufacturer in the world . products like the empulse that tick both the head and heart boxes should be more than capable of creating that level of demand .
i have owned a brammo enertia for almost 2 years now . it’s shortcomings as an electric motorcycle are overcome with the best customer service i have ever had . i cannot wait for the empulse model !
the big technology breakthrough here is the price - to - energy density ratio of the battery packs . while brammo doesn ' t plan to say much about the proprietary technology before the empulse goes on sale early next year , expect some sort of lithium polymer chemistry . to put that ratio into perspective , brammo ' s biggest competitor , zero motorycles , offers bikes with a 4kwh capacity for $ 9 , 995 .
census records can give you a fascinating window into the day - to - day lives of your brammo ancestors - like hours worked per week , level of education , veteran status , employers , and more .
brammo didn ' t set out to reinvent the motorcycle . in fact , company ceo craig bramscher didn ' t set out to make motorcycles at all . after amassing a small fortune selling ecommerce solutions , bramscher decided to build the ultimate american supercar . the brammo rogue gt debuted just in time for last year ' s oil / economic crisis - dreadful timing for an 850 - horsepower , 3 - mpg v12 .
3d systems pioneered the use of additive manufacturing solutions for transportation and now , through it ? s comprehensive 3dproparts™ network , 3d systems offers companies like brammo , inc . complete suite of design to manufacturing solutions .
on october 13 , brian wismann , the director of product development at brammo inc . and dave schiff of crispin porter bugosky have started a road trip from ann arbor , mi to washington , dc . their goal for the ten - day journey is to raise awareness of electric bikes with brammo’s enertia model , which has a 42 - mile range and needs four hours to fully charge its six lithium ion batteries .
– the 2014 empulse has changed to a tapered aluminum handlebar with oversized clamp diameter . these bars give a better overall riding position and are manufactured by accossato in italy specifically for the 2014 brammo empulse r .
the promise of this new electric motorcycle is clear and simple : a top speed over 100 mph and a range in excess of 100 miles . the brammo empulse delivers these numbers and much , much more .
the empulse r falls behind that benchmarked triumph in one important metric : price . where brammo ' s bike will retail for about $ 19 , 000 when it goes on sale in the next couple months , that triumph is just $ 8 , 900 . that ' s a price differential that should decrease in coming years ; brammo has benchmarked triumph in another important metric : production volume . the british manufacturer made 48 , 000 motorcycles last year at plants in both england and indonesia . brammo intends to use the $ 45 million series c funding it just secured to scale its volume to 50 , 000 bikes a year .
if you are looking for a more comfortable seat , brammo offers the deluxe suede seat . it comes fully assembled and can be put on in just minutes , letting you ride in both style and comfort .
ading oem’s . powertrain capabilities include brammo power™ battery modules , battery management systems , vehicle control units , display systems , charging systems , drive controllers and software , electric traction motors , transmissions and ev telematics .
azhar hussain , the ceo of ttxgp , was thrilled at the alliance with brammo , saying , “when brammo were a part of the inaugural ttxgp on the isle of man in 2009 , we all developed a deep respect for their commitment to zero - carbon motorsport . it’s going to be a grand alliance – something that , in retrospect , will see us crossing another milestone in the history of electric vehicle racing . ”
use census records and voter lists to see where families with the brammo surname lived . within census records , you can often find information like name of household members , ages , birthplaces , residences , and occupations .
the empulse is something of known quantity in terms of brammo’s claims about the bike’s performance , its look , and final specs released just weeks ago . the news at the unveiling event was pricing and production plans .
the added range does come with a price tag–the new bike is $ 1 , 000 more expensive . brammo loyalists , who purchased the original brammo , are eligible for a $ 2 , 500 factory rebate when they purchase the new $ 8 , 995 plus . but they will not be able to trade in the original model . like the original though , the enertia plus , is eligible for a 10 % federal tax credit .
hussain stressed that the ttxgp will not be a spec series where everyone must ride a brammo . the partnership is meant to make it easier to go racing , not push other manufacturers or diy racers off the track .
this bike is poised to become a popular ride , thanks to some of the best features you’ll find on the market , particularly a promise from brammo that the enertia comes with a quiet sound and zero - emissions .
meet the new icon spec 32 eboz edition - a special model that was created to mark the company’s entrance in the 2013 ttxgp series . this special edition also celebrates the inclusion of eric bostrom on team icon brammo .
at $ 8 , 000 the brammo makes a much stronger argument for electric motorcycles . of course , both share the traditional shortcoming of motorcycles marketed as “commuter bikes” . where is the commuter supposed to put his laptop ?
himmelmann was a shade slower than both of brammo ' s bikes , and he came knowing his bike was slower than brammo ' s but was defending his title as the reigning ttxgp world champion and the 2012 ttxgp european champion . he had lap times from 2 : 18 . 811 in the first lap , to 2 : 06 . 147 in the last . this was good enough to win 2nd place beating bostrom by nearly 10 seconds .
this entry was posted on july 29 , 2009 , 7 : 40 am and is filed under brammo . you can follow any responses to this entry through rss 2 . 0 . both comments and pings are currently closed .
lesson learned , but the experience highlighted the single biggest issue with ebikes : range . while the brammo nearly achieves parity with bikes like the kawasaki ninja 650 and suzuki sfv650 in terms of performance , it can’t travel nearly as far on a “tankful” and can’t be filled up in a few minutes at a gas station . in terms of pure energy , the brammo’s 9 . 3 kwh battery pack is no match for a few gallons of fuel .
steve atlas for team icon brammo has won the 2012 ttxgp world championship race at daytona , besting defending champion from europe , matthias himmelmann of muench racing , while hitting the fastest speeds recorded for electric motorcycles in race conditions .
brammofan , i ' m sure craig , brian & co . know what they are getting into . but the press release ( and subsequent media coverage ) give the impression that it will be a slam dunk for brammo . the reality is that they are giving the responsibility for building brammo ' s to a 3rd party that has never done this type of work before . . it is a monumental task to validate processes not under your supervision , not to mention the cultural and communications issues to deal with . i happen to work for a manufacturer that does exactly the opposite for one reason - quality . kudos to brammo for being agressive and i hope it works for them .
for further information : for further information : adrian g stewart of brammo , inc . , + 1 - 541 - 482 - 9555 , ext . 310 , astewart @ urltoken web site : http : / / www . urltoken
“we are proud to sponsor the new
empulse rr
race bike and recognize brammo ' s leadership in the design of functional , sustainable electric vehicles , ” said cathy lewis , vice president of global marketing for 3d systems .