miracle in cell no. 7 ( hangul : 7번방의 선물 ; rr : 7beonbangui seonmul ; lit . " a gift from room 7 " ) is a 2013 south korean film starring ryu seung-ryong , kal so-won and park shin-hye .

the film is a heartwarming comedy and family melodrama about a mentally challenged man wrongfully imprisoned for murder , who builds friendships with the hardened criminals in his cell , and in return they help him see his daughter again by smuggling her into the prison .

the film 's early working title was december 23 ( hangul : 12월 23일 ) .

miracle in cell no . 7

why miracles in cell no . 7 ? what miracles that happened in cell no . 7 ?
story : ‘miracle in cell no . 7’ tops 10 million admissions in south korea
‘miracle in cell no . 7’ tops 10 million admissions in south korea | hollywood reporter
miracle in cell no . 7 passes masquerade to become 3rd most successful korean film
description : a reflection paper about the korean movie , miracle in cell no . 7
korean blockbuster miracle in cell no . 7’s hindi remake to be helmed by umesh shukla
film review : ‘miracle in cell no . 7’ . . scores big on presentation , but…
day 3 :
man on the edge
and
miracle in cell no . 7
movie : miracle in cell no . 7 ( english title ) / number 7 room ' s gift ( literal title )
i love the story of miracle in cell no . 7 it makes me cry , laugh , and smile
miracle in cell no . 7 is a heartwarming family drama about a mentally challenged man wrongfully imprisoned for murder .
looking for movie tickets ? enter your location to see which movie theaters are playing miracle in cell no . 7 near you .
on february 23 , 2012 ,
miracle in cell no . 7
became the 9th film to ever surpass 10 million admissions in south korea .
miracle in cell no . 7 cast ( korean movie - 2013 ) - 7번방의 선물 @ hancinema : : the korean movie and drama database
miracle in cell no . 7 . . . . . . it ' s amazing . . thanks to director : lee hwan - kyung . .
on march 1 , 2013 ,
miracle in cell no . 7
passed 11 million admissions and now the 8th all time best selling film in south korea .
on march 9 , 2013 ,
miracle in cell no . 7
passed 12 million admissions in south korea and became the 6th all time best selling film .
director umesh shukla of
o my god
fame has been roped in to direct the hindi remake of the korean blockbuster
miracle in cell no 7
.
mumbai : director umesh shukla of omg - oh my god ! fame has been roped in to direct the hindi remake of the korean blockbuster miracle in cell no 7 .
[ disclaimer ] : miracle in cell no . 7 summary . the post contains spoilers and it is a long post as it tells the whole story of the movie .
film review : ‘miracle in cell no . 7’ . . scores big on presentation , but… l knowshi . com magazine – we know our s % ! t so you can to
seoul — miracle in cell no . 7 became the eighth domestic movie to record 10 million admissions in south korea over the weekend . it is also the lowest budget production to ever achieve that milestone .
miracle in cell no . 7 , directed by lee hwan - kyung , will screen in four languages : korean , english , japanese and chinese . according to the production company , miracle in cell no . 7 will start meeting foreign fans by screening in multiple languages on january 26th ; english ( lotte cinema hongick univ branch ) , japanese ( lotte cinema avenuel branch ) , and chinese ( lotte cinema cheongnyangni branch ) .
my friends in fb are talking and posting miracle in cell no . 7 movie so i warched it . it made me laugh and cry , beautiful movie . literally beautiful movie . 9 . 85 for me ?
seoul — miracle in cell no . 7 this weekend became the eighth domestic movie to record at least 10 million admissions in south korea . it has the smallest budget of any of the films to achieve that milestone .
ji seung - hyun is starring in the movie
good neighbor
.
good neighbor
is directed by lee hwan - kyeong who also directed the movie
miracle in cell no . 7
, . . .
miracle in cell no . 7 is a heartwarming and heart - wrenching movie about an intellectually handicapped father and his daughter . the story tells about how the father and the daughter love each other so much .
well , since this is a movie review , i ' ll just give you a synopsis of the story so that you ' ll get an idea what miracle in cell no . 7 is all about .
indian film studios is run by utpal acharya and ashish wagh . acharya said collaborating on miracle in cell no 7 with kross and shukla
is a just another new beginning and a great leap of faith .
miracle in cell no . 7 is a heartwarming family drama about a mentally challenged man wrongfully imprisoned for murder , who builds friendships with hardened criminals in his cell , and in return they reunite him with his daughter by smuggling her into the prison . it is one of the top 6 highest grossing films in korea .
indian film studios is run by utpal acharya and ashish wagh . acharya said collaborating on ' miracle in cell no 7 ' with kross and shukla
is a just another new beginning and a great leap of faith .
korean star ryu seung - ryong , whose credits include local b . o . hit “miracle in cell no . 7 , ” and lee jin - uk , from the tv show “nine : nine time travels , ” topline in “target . ”
miracle in cell no . 7 became the third most popular korean film of all time at around 3 : 30pm on march 15th after surpassing 12 , 320 , 000 in admissions . the figure is higher than that of masquerade which was 12 , 319 , 542 . miracle in cell no . 7 became the first film of the comedy genre to surpass the 10 million mark , 32 days after its release due to the long lunar new year holidays and families going to see it in groups .
lee hwan - kyung ’s miracle in cell no . 7 , the first korean human comedy film that attracted over 10 million viewers , became the 5th biggest hit of all time at the korean box office by drawing 11 . 75 million moviegoers to theaters . according to the standard of the complex database run by the korean film council ( kofic ) , miracle in cell no . 7 gathered 11 , 754 , 228 accumulated spectators as of 7 : 40 p . m . on march 4th , and took 5th place , which had previously been kept by taegukgi : brotherhood of war ( 11 , 746 , 135 ) . miracle in cell no . 7 is now aiming for 12 million viewers , a feasible goal as it is still selling well .
it kind of reminded me of the green line , with tom hanks . which is also an awesome film . miracle in cell no 7 was a tiny bit better because there was more space for warm feelings and great humour . . .
this movie is surely awesome showing the overwhelming love of a father to his daughter , its funny and heartwarming yet tear - jerking through the end . . . definitely recommend this . . amazing ! ! < 3 love miracle in cell no . 7 .
shukla , who is currently busy shooting for 102 not out with amitabh bachchan and rishi kapoor , said ,
miracle in cell no 7 is a touching , beautiful story and i am lucky to be able to tell it on celluloid for indian audiences .
kross pictures , the renowned international film production house , has signed an agreement to produce the official hindi remake of korean blockbuster miracle in cell no . 7 in collaboration with indian film studios . the film will be directed by umesh shukla ( omg – oh my god ! fame ) .
a representative of the production company said , “the multilingual screening is a very exceptional case . we made this decision because miracle in cell no . 7 is a film that can impress every viewer regardless of nationality or age . this proves once again how interested people are in this film . ”
it ' s been long since i watched heartwarming family movie . wacthing miracle in cell no . 7 makes me want to re - watch a 2002 movie the way home ( and facing the fact that now the kid in that movie ( yoo seung ho ) is doing a military service ) .
shukla , who is currently busy shooting for
102 not out
with amitabh bachchan and rishi kapoor , said ,
' miracle in cell no 7 ' is a touching , beautiful story and i am lucky to be able to tell it on celluloid for indian audiences .
miracle in cell no . 7 sutradara : lee hwan - kyung pemeran : ryoo seung - ryong , park shin - hye genre : drama untuk berbagai berita dan informasi seputar film , televisi , selebriti & entertainment lainnya , please visit urltoken follow us urltoken and stay connected with us urltoken
miracle in cell no . 7 is a human comedy about the seemingly impossible mission of yong - gu ( ryu seung - ryong ) , who has the intelligence of a 6 - year - old , as he cooperates with career criminals in order to bring his daughter to his prison cell which outsiders are strictly forbidden to enter . the official release date is january 24th .
out of last year’s biggest hits , perhaps none is as much of a household name as miracle in cell no . 7 , which was not only the highest - grossing film of the year but also the third highest - grossing domestic film of all time , trailed only by the thieves and the host . no small feat , that’s for sure .
bottom line : deeply moving and emotionally heartfelt , miracle in cell no . 7 boasts fantastic performances from a quirky set of characters in circumstances that are perhaps a little too fanciful at times , but no less compelling for it . a rare gem that will truly make you laugh and cry before making you do it all over again backward and six times over . 9 / 10 .
in cell number 7 they were practicing what yong - gu should say in the court . he was told by his daughter to just read exactly what they have prepared for him . no matter what they are doing – jogging in the morning , eating , in the toilet , before sleeping – they are practicing for the trial .
filming began june 20 , 2012 in daejeon , south korea . the first scene filmed involved yong - goo ( ryoo seung - ryong ) who meets his cellmates in cell block 7 for the first time .
without dimension or depths , “miracle” indulges in deep and uncomfortable melodramatics that some will find hard - pressed to overlook . as such , many reviewers , including myself , find it difficult not to recommend the film to those viewers looking for a light , well packaged , and entertaining film . as mentioned the film is visually quite appealing with much of the film being carefully crafted to ensure the quality of the eye - candy onscreen . that , along with some likable performances , makes “miracle in cell no . 7” a hard film to hate or even score poorly . sickeningly sweet and hollow throughout , lee hwan - gyeong “miracle in cell no . 7” has delighted 12 . 8m viewers with just such a tactic . there are no miracles here though , just a potent glamour and enough stardust to keep you choking on emotion till the credits role .
in a statement , thomas kim , ceo kross pictures has said ,
since 2015 , we have made patient and significant inroads into the indian film and entertainment market . it ' s a delight to announce the hindi remake of miracle in cell no 7 with an acclaimed director like umesh shukla , as a fitting follow up to our last film te3n .
a mentally handicapped single father is wrongly accused , tried and sentenced to death for the rape - murder of an elementary school girl in lee hwan - kyung ’s miracle in cell no . 7 . the miracle of the title is the series of meetings the man has with his daughter while in prison in the months that lead up to his execution and the friendship she forges with his fellow inmates . years later , the girl grows into a woman set on exonerating her dad with their help . oh , this is a comedy .
in a statement , thomas kim , ceo kross pictures has said ,
since 2015 , we have made patient and significant inroads into the indian film and entertainment market . it ' s a delight to announce the hindi remake of ' miracle in cell no 7 ' with an acclaimed director like umesh shukla , as a fitting follow up to our last film ' te3n ' .
miracle ceded its top box - office spot to local noir actioner new world this weekend .
i did feel manipulated by this movie , but its heart was its saving grace , and i allowed myself to indulge in the torrent of tears it induced . i usually avoid that type of movie , but miracle in cell no . 7 was a beautiful exception to my rule . ( i ' ll add a werewolf boy and my sister ' s keeper to the list of beautiful exceptions . )
it was snowing and she saw a balloon flying in the sky and got caught in the barbed wires . that is the picture above and the one which i like to represent the movie with in this post . it is because this balloon getting caught in the barbed wire tells so much about the undying love of the father and daughter for each other and the miracles that happened in cell no . 7 .
bengaluru : kross pictures and kross television india have filed a case against the makers of kannada movie , pushpaka vimana ( 2017 ) after reading media reports that said that film is a remake of the korean film miracle in cell no 7 . the owners of the indian remake rights of the superhit korean movie have filed an injunction order and a case of infringement in the bombay high court against vikyath chitra productions , pawan wadeyar film factory and others involved in the making of this film . however , director s ravindranath claims that pushpaka vimana was not a remake of miracle in cell no 7 , but a film that was inspired from four films .
the concept of the cinema is around a flight . i have taken inspiration from four movies - life is beautiful , i am sam , miracle in cell no 7 and pursuit of happiness . in fact we have credited all the directors of the above mentioned films in the title card and even thanked them ,
he states . pushpaka vimana is actor ramesh aravind’s 100th film and also starred child actress yuvina parthavi and kannada serial avasi protagonist rachita ram . kross pictures , which was founded in 2004 , is a cross - border film and television company with offices in seoul , los angeles and mumbai , which aim to create audience friendly stories in creative ways and strive to bring stories from different parts of the world to create local adaptations .
on march 15 , 2013 ,
miracle in cell no . 7
became the 4th best selling film ever in south korea . by 3 : 30 pm on march 15 , 2013 , the movie has sold 12 . 32 million tickets and only trails
the thieves ,
( 12 . 98 million ) ,
the host
( 13 million ) ,
avatar
( 13 . 3 million ) .
the best screenplay prize landed in the hands of director jung byung - gil of confession of murder . jo sung - hee , director of a werewolf boy was honored with the best new director prize . the people ' s choice prizes were given to kim dong - wan of deranged and park shin - hye of miracle in cell no . 7 , respectively . meanwhile , ahn sung - ki took home the social contribution prize .
meanwhile , a new action blockbuster by the well - known director ryoo seung - wan bowed on january 30th , and enjoyed a very strong opening . the berlin file , shot on location in europe and featuring an all - star cast , rocketed to 2 . 8 million admissions ( us $ 19 million ) in just over a week . it has placed slightly ahead of miracle in cell no . 7 in daily box office tallies , though both films have continued to hold up well since their release .
thomas kim , ceo kross pictures stated , “since 2015 we have made patient and significant inroads into the indian film and entertainment market . we are committed to maintaining focus on quality and concept driven content , as we build a strong footprint here in india . it’s a delight to announce the hindi remake of miracle in cell no . 7 with an acclaimed director like umesh shukla , as a fitting follow - up to our last film te3n . “
explains , ' some reports suggested that pushpaka vimana is a remake , but that is not true . i am a film buff and a big fan of world cinema . i have been in the film industry for eight years , but didn ' t get a chance to work with an established director , so i learnt the art by watching international films . i referred to many of them to see the relationship between a father and son / daughter , and even that of a mentally - challenged man ' the characteristics of my leading man . that is when i noticed that the character i wrote had many similarities to that of the protagonist in the korean film , miracle in cell no . 7 . i have adapted some parts of that movie , life is beautiful and the pursuit of happyness in pushpaka vimana . we waited for a while to reveal this fact as we were securing the rights for miracle in cell no . 7 . '
“miracle in cell no . 7 ” , lee hwan - gyeong ’s fourth feature , eventually claimed $ 12 . 8m ( source : kobiz ) admissions during its eleven - week stint in the top ten . that figure comfortably places it as the third highest grossing korean film ever produced , surpassed only by choi dong - hoon’s “ the thieves ” ( $ 12 . 9m ) and bong joon - ho’s iconic “ the host ” ( $ 13m ) .
backed by korean powerhouse cj entertainment and france’s leading studio gaumont distribution , “the target , ” the korean makeover of fred cavaye’s high - voltage action thriller “point blank , ” is getting ready to hit the market . korean star ryu seung - ryong , whose credits include local b . o . hit “miracle in cell no . 7 , ” and lee jin - uk , from the tv show “nine : [ … ]
while talking about the film , director umesh shukla said , “we are in the process of finalising the script post which we will be speaking to some leading hindi film actors for this film . i am excited to be working with reputed producers like kross pictures and indian film studios who put content above all else . miracle in cell no . 7 is a touching , beautiful story and i am lucky to be able to tell it on celluloid for indian audiences . ”
the film is particularly popular among middle - aged and elderly koreans and through word of mouth , its popularity is continuing to rise , holding it at the top position of the box office charts . attention is now focused on whether miracle in cell no . 7 will surpass the scores of all - time most popular films such as the host ( 13 , 019 , 740 ) and the thieves ( 12 , 983 , 334 ) .
outsiders not allowed ! in room 7 of the prison where all kinds of criminals are gathered , comes yong - gu , a father with the sense of a 6 year - old and his 7 year - old daughter ye - seung . the mission of these criminals in room 7 is to protect these two who can never stay apart for a single moment . ( c ) cj entertainment
and so , the cellmates planned on how they will smuggle yea - seong in prison . in one religious event where the church choir is singing for the prisoners , they got yea - seong , put her in a box and delivered her to their cell . the father and daughter had a reunion in cell number 7 . afraid that if they get caught they will have to add 2 more years to their stay in prison , bong - sik called the guard and was about to tell him that they smuggled the little girl in .
meanwhile , miracle in cell no . 7 is rewriting the human comedy genre , drawing in 4 million in 12 days since release . the film drew in 15 % more audience members compared to its first week despite the berlin file being released . as of february 2 , the film booked 75 . 8 % of itsseats , which is slightly higher than 73 . 8 % of the thieves in its first week , raising expectations for the film to become a long - time favorite . the figure is higher than the second week saturday scores of a werewolf boy in its second week ( 530 , 000 ) and masquerade ( 490 , 000 ) .
ye - sung was secretly brought to the cell to be with her father , yong - gu .
new : get seamless access to urltoken at a great price . no additional sign - up required .
one day , in the courtyard , yong - gu saw a minion of one prisoner sharpening something . the prisoner leader who seemed to be a rival of yong - gu’s cell boss is about to stab his rival and yong - gu ran to cover and save him . because of this incident he became friends with his cellmates and their cell boss said he will grant a wish for yong - gu . yong - gu’s only wish is to see his daughter again . here began the miracles in cell number 7 .
other prisoners are watching sadly as the father and daughter savoring the last few minutes passed by their cell .
dies in a freak accident while she is taking yong gu to another store that sells the same backpack . when he tries to resuscitate her , a woman witnesses him and mistakes him to be molesting her . yong gu is falsely accused of the abduction , murder , and rape of a minor . the police quickly take advantage of his disability and force him to admit to committing the crimes , while ignoring exonerating evidence . yong gu is imprisoned and assigned to cell no . 7 , the harshest cell in a maximum security prison .
starting off the new year with a bang , miracle in cell no . 7 is one of the first major hits of 2013 . the prison drama with a twist ( it’s a family melodrama ) scored the biggest opening weekend since the thieves , which went on to become the highest - grossing korean film of all time , opened last summer . with its mix of appealing genres , engaging ensemble cast and social themes , the studio picture struck a chord with audience and is likely to continue performing strongly through february .
it was now december 23 . yea - seong is in cell number 7 eating with his father and the cellmates . there was a sad atmosphere . she has no idea that it is already the day – the last day she will see her father . there was a made - up cake . yea - seong blew the imaginary candles of the cake… because it was her birthday celebration .
previously known as
december 23rd
( 12월 23일 , 12 - wol 23 - il ) and
gift from room 7
on hancinema synopsis successful ryoo seung - yong comes back as a fool for his daughter ! outsiders not allowed ! in room 7 of the prison where all kinds of criminals are gathered , comes yong - gu , a father with the sense of a 6 year - old and his 7 year - old daughter ye - seung . the mission of these criminals in room 7 is to protect these two who can never stay apart for a single moment .
director lee hwan - kyung confidently handles the proceedings , building on his experience with sentimental fare such as lump of sugar ( 2006 ) and champ ( 2011 ) . the film is designed to elicit an emotional response from viewers but it takes care not to go too far . by blending many genres such as prison drama , family melodrama and more , not to mention numerous pressing social themes ranging from child abuse to the unfair legal system , miracle in cell no . 7 offers a little bit of something to all comers .
8 of 8 people found this review helpful . was this review helpful to you ? yes no | report this
ryu seung - ryong comes back as a fool for his daughter . outsiders not allowed , in room number 7 of the prison where all kinds of criminals are gathered , comes yong - goo , a father with the sense of a 6 - year - old , and ye - seung , his 7 - year - old daughter . the mission of these criminals in room number 7 is to protect these two who can never stay apart for a single moment . will they succeed ?
with a budget much lower than most of its fellow box office winners and a cast devoid of the usual a - list suspects , miracle in cell no . 7 tells a much more intimate story that knows exactly which strings to pull in order to deliver both a heartwarming testament to the tenacity of the human spirit , as well as the saddest story ever told . though its overall message is positive if not distinctly bittersweet , it seems a fair warning to potential audience members experiencing a rough patch or those with fluctuating views on the state of humanity that this may not be the right movie for you .
why kim so - eun rolling in this cheap drama ? ? she can be the no . 1 actress in all dramas . . . what a waste to watch this drama . ( > _ < )
co - producer and founder of indian film studios , utpal acharya revealed , “our association with kross pictures for the hindi adaptation and remake of the famous korean film ‘ miracle in cell number 7 ‘ along with director of ‘ o my god ‘and ‘ 102 not out ’ umesh shukla is a just another new beginning and a great leap of faith . we are superbly excited to take this association to next level with kross pictures and looking forward to developing together in many other projects as well” .
meanwhile , i watched
miracle in cell no . 7
on the first day of release here in korea . i was surprised to see the theater fully packed for the afternoon screening . there were also a lot more teens in the theater than i expected . anyways
miracle in cell no . 7
throws together several different genres and , overall , does a fairly good job . the young girl kal so - won was simply amazing in the movie . couldn ' t believe she expressed the range of emotions she displayed in the film . park shin - hye was also really impressive , in particular loved her acting job in the court room scenes . i was a lot more neutral on the performance of ryoo seung - ryong . ever since dustin hoffman in
rain man ,
i have had a personal dislike of regular actors portraying people with mental disabilities - kind of too hammy for me to watch . but , he was ok and i didn ' t really think too much about his performance by the second half . my big gripe with the film is the later portions of the film . it ' s too sappy for me personally , but for others it might be a lot more touching . i didn ' t really know where the story would go and this part i enjoyed the most . definitely , not many people will hate this movie and a lot of people will love it . i thought it was a wee bit better than average .
the story of the film revolves around a mentally challenged man wrongfully imprisoned for murder , who builds friendships with hardened criminals in his cell . in return , they reunite him with his daughter by smuggling her into the prison .
note : there will be some spoilers . there’s no big twist in the end to preserve , but i’ll try to avoid the story’s biggest ( only ? ) secret .
ryu seung - ryong comes back as a fool for his daughter . outsiders not allowed , in room number 7 of the prison where all kinds of criminals are gathered , comes yong - goo , a father with the sense of a 6 - year - old , and ye - seung , his 7 - year - old daughter . the mission of these criminals in room number 7 is to protect these two who can never stay apart for a single moment . will they succeed ? written by anonymous
the story of the film revolves around a mentally - challenged man wrongfully imprisoned for murder , who builds friendships with hardened criminals in his cell . in return , they reunite him with his daughter by smuggling her into the prison .
in miracle in cell no . 7 , our intellectually impaired hero yong - goo is found standing over a dead girl’s body and caught trying to unbutton her pants while the blood still runs out the back of her skull . the viewer is not presented with the facts as to what actually transpired . instead , like the legal system that judges yong - goo , we can only assess things on the surface of what is seen . seemingly driven by quick results , the court hastily imprisons yong - goo after manipulating him into signing a confession . his mental handicap is , in the legal sense , dismissed and used against him behind closed doors to ensure case closure of the young girls death . later on in film his appeal process takes centre stage .
a single father with the mental capacity of a young child is accused of the abduction , assault and murder of a young girl . innocent , but unable to defend himself , he is quickly sentenced to death and hauled off to prison , separated from the treasure in his life , his young daughter yeseung . within the confines of cell no . 7 , his childlike demeanor and pure spirit soon inspire his hardened cellmates to grant him a very special wish . yeseung is snuck into the cell but now they must all be careful not to alert the suspicions of the warden .
yea - seong as she was hiding at the foot of the door held bong - sik’s hand pleading him not to say anything . and bong - sik might have been emotionally affected or perhaps just another miracle worked its way into bong - sik and he did not say anything to the guard regarding the girl in their cell .
miracle in cell no . 7 boasts a stellar ensemble cast that features some of korea’s most prolific working actors . ryu seung - ryong , who is red hot after the successes of last year’s all about my wife and masquerade , heads the proceedings as the wrongly convicted father . showing off his versatile ability as a performer , ryoo strikes just the right balance in the kind of role that has in the past spelt disaster for even some of the most talented thespians . bouncing off him and adding an array of colorful characters to the proceedings are veteran supporting players such as oh dal - soo , who has appeared in a great number of the best korean films of the past decade , who is on great form as the cell boss , while others such as kim jung - tae , park won - sang , jung man - sik , kim ki - chun and jung jin - young fill out the terrific cast .
society may not always have our best interests at heart . laws and regulations are tangled with bureaucracy and riddled with a rigidity that often leaves the individual alone and unrepresented . modern korean cinema has embraced the depiction of such societal frustrations , often choosing to downplay authority figures while indulging melodramatics . favorable genres such as the seasonal horror and persistent gangster flicks , consistently contain themes of an inauthentic authorial agency that subverts social authority . the results of such threads can easily be seen in this year’s highest grossing korean film miracle in cell no . 7 , an entertaining and emotionally charge film that scores big on presentation , but failed to attend to the enriching details that makes a story memorable .
this movie is the most amazing drama movie i have ever watched . when my friends told me that this one made them cry a lot , i tried my best to find a copy . at first , i was sad because the copy that i have downloaded doesn ' t have a subtitle . but even if there ' s no subtitle , and that i watched it with pure korean language , i still watched it and bravo ! it ' s true that action speaks louder than words , ' cause it was still able to make me cry a lot . i have never cried that much . i never thought i would find a movie as touching as this ! awesome ! i want drama movies to be as touching as miracle in cell no . 7 ! 100 thumbs up !
then a box is delivered to cell number 7 , it was from the chief . and inside the box was yea - seong . all of them were surprised . yong - gu was brought to the chief’s office and the chief was still cold but yong - gu thanked him for what he did .
this is a good example that being good has no exemptions . . . you don ' t have to be perfect to show that . .
the premises is simple - an intellectually disabled father is found guilty for a murder that he didn ' t commit and throughout it all his daughter , ye seung stuck by him . he is sentence to prison and placed in cell no . 7 with inmates . he is treated badly at first because of the fact that he was charged with the murder and rape of a child . though as the story progresses people begin to realise that a guy like this couldn ' t have possibly done something atrocious as that !
whoa . finally , the questions in my mind was answered by your comments specially in this synopsis . thank you all guys .
it is this odd mix of broad comedy and issue - based drama that makes miracle so perplexing and logic - defying . it’s hard to tell if lee has made a social drama ( legal shortcomings and cronyism make headlines in korea ) disguised as a goofy comedy or a comedy with an undercurrent of righteous anger . either way , the film wouldn ' t work at all if it wasn’t packed with engaging performances by some of korea’s most reliable second - stringers . ryu ( war of the arrows ) waffles between caricature and affecting as the handicapped yong - gu , and gal occasionally suffers an overabundance of cute ( though she’s far more interesting than park ) , but the rest of the cast more than compensate for their shortcomings , particularly oh ( the thieves ) and jeong ( the king and the clown ) . miracle in cell no . 7 is one of those films you don’t want to , one you know you shouldn’t , but you just can’t help liking .
have never cried this much before while watching a movie . seriously recommended to those who have second thoughts to watch it . no regrets ! ( ' :
recently , i was browsing my news feed at facebook , then some of the statuses i am reading are talking about this certain korean movie . it ' s entitled as miracle in cell no . 7 . well at first , i was not really interested about it . i thought , it may be like the usual movie about a prisoner or something . but , my cousin once told me that she already watched the movie and surprisingly , she said that it really made her cry that much . then i thought , maybe i should try watching it . so , i do . and gosh , it almost felt like i cried a million tears . the movie is really heartbreaking . it is very touching . it was totally amazing .
what follows is a story that takes place in two time periods . there’s the modern storyline , where the father’s grown - up daughter works as a lawyer to clear his name—though that takes up far less screen time than the flashback to 1997 , the year that her father was accused and imprisoned in cell no . 7 . it was there that he met the cellmates who would become not only his friends but also family to him and his daughter after they devise an ( admittedly improbable ) plan to sneak her into the prison . soon the entire prison population joins in the effort to try and save the innocent man from being executed , culminating in a heart - rending and revelatory masterpiece which manages to shine a spotlight on humanity at its best and at its unbelievable , infuriating worst .
in the cell , yea - seong asked the cell boss to read him a book . we learned that cell boss is an illiterate . he does not know how to read and write and unknowingly his cellmates totally insulted him . bong - sik also has a baby on the way and he also wants to bring his baby inside the prison but was told off by the boss . the boss even said whispering to bong - sik to avoid being overheard by yea - seong that is he is envious then get a death sentence too ( this is yong - gu’s verdict ) .
two monster sized local hits powered the box office in late january and early february . leading the pack was the comic drama miracle in cell no . 7 , which took 4 . 6 million admissions in two weeks on the back of strong word - of - mouth . this is the equivalent of more than us $ 30 million , and the film is continuing to do well as it heads into its third week . distributed by n . e . w . , the work tells the story of a man with the mental capabilities of a six - year - old who is put into a prison cell together with a group of notoriously tough criminals . eventually , they work together to try to reunite the man and his young daughter . ryu seung - ryong , who enjoyed success in the 2012 comedy all about my wife , plays the lead character of yong - gu , together with an ensemble cast of experienced actors . it is directed by lee hwan - kyung , whose three previous films he was cool ( 2004 ) , lump of sugar ( 2006 ) , and champ ( 2011 ) enjoyed variable success , but nothing on the level of this new film .
princess shin hye will be playing the daughter role of seung ryong ? ? no leading man for our princess shin hye ? can ' t wait to see this movies .
i watched this movie today and i was really sad at the ending . i was hoping somehow miracle might happen and yong gu might be alive but no its tragedy that he was dead already . am okay with that yong gu is dead but what i couldn’t take it was that though hisinnocence was proven but still no punishment was given to detectives who are all responsible for an innocent man’s death . also that piece of garbage head of police was not punished . all they do in the end is just forgive his crimes but what about the innocent life they have taken . thanks for the detailed review and summary
the chief noticed the missing child in the picture and had the suspicion that she is kept in the prison . the guard is checking the cell for the child . and it was funny how they tried to hide but they were caught in the end , and yong - gu beaten again under the rain was sent to solitary confinement . and yea - seong was sent back to the orphanage .
unfortunately the bus left without yea - seong , and they were left with no choice but to keep her in their cell . at night , yea - seong is saying sorry to her father because she asked for the sailor moon bag which became the cause of all the misfortune . but the father only said that he will buy the bag once he gets out of there . the child told her father to be sure to speak to the judge carefully and clearly one word at a time . the design of the fluorescent lamp cover is a beautiful illusion of the moon and stars for the prisoners inside their cell .
where is the conflict then in this tale ? again , like so many other korean films “miracle” locates its friction in public authority and the system it serves . both the lives of yong - goo and ye - seung are without much cause for concern ( outside of them not physically being together ) , and it is only later that their future is really threatened . simply put , “miracle in cell no . 7” is actually less about a father - daughter relationship than it is about victims of authority . it’s the handicapped man versus the system here , the individual who has nothing but love in his heart and the forces at large that prevent him from enacting that passion . corrupt and unprofessional policeman abuse his disposition , beating him to his knees to confess to a crime he didn’t commit . evidence , due course , justice is dispensed and openly disregarded and manipulated with the facade of democracy there for all to see . it matters not whether he did or didn’t murder the girl , only that yong - goo’s soft mind was malleable enough to pressure him into submitting to the regulations and expectations of the legal process . this , unfortunately , reduces ye - seung to nothing more than a plot hinge , an empty narrative device whose only function is to embody this simple man’s desire .
she has more than 5 years of professional experience , having worked with reliance entertainment and radio 1 in legal advisory roles . she holds a bachelor’s degree in law from pravin gandhi college of law with a diploma in cyber law from asian school of cyber laws . ruchi engages in various extra - curricular activities . she loves dancing and has won many accolades in numerous dance competitions .
waoh . . . great storyline , directing and acting . . . so much passion . . . i ' ve never seen such gem in bollywood and hollywood cinemas . . . . zers is no one who can challenge ze south korean cinema . . .
later there was fire in the prison and in the midst of it the chief was trapped in a room with the perpetrator of the fire . yong - gu saved the chief , he carried him on his back and despite inhaling so much smoke he was still more concerned with the chief saying “help him , our chief help him please” . and then another miracle happened . this was the start of the chief to see yong - gu in a different light and began to question if he was really a kidnapper and murderer .
one of the best movie . . . sad story and makes audience in tears
while he was in prison , yea - seong was brought to an orphanage .
ryu seung ryong is nothing short of amazing in this one . highly recommended !
amen . i watched my fair share of tearjerkers but miracle no7 was too manipulative . it was too obvious even for me . i cried ofc but i was also angry at the writers . i cried angry tears ^ ^
ten million moviegoers would represent about one - fifth of the asian country’s population . the family comedy needed to sell 1 . 7 million tickets to break even ; it reached the 10 million plateau on saturday night .
i watch this movie the last two days in theater , its the premiere one ( don ' t know why its played too late in jakarta ) i went to cinema with my boyfren n my brother , and its just the three of us in the theater . . no one else ! ! i mean really the 3 of us only . . its empty . the movie also not convincing in the beginning , but after i watch it i find myself crying so bad . . such a great movie . .
what i see and feel in this movies is just love in the purest kind . their father and daughter bond was for me the driving force of the story .
i saw this on exo show time and when i watched i was literally crying my eyes out . but best movie i have ever seen , no american movies can even compare to this one !
the hearing is for the re - investigation of a case of the accused lee yong - gu . the prosecutor said that there is no more need for re - investigation because it has been proven in the past that the accused is guilty . yea - seung , the lawyer , defended the accused with the argument that the so - called evidences and confirmed testimonies are the mistake of this trial and must be looked back . the prosecutor is not the one in charge of the case in the past and his defense are based on fraudulent data made up by detectives long ago . the prosecutor asked the same question if the lawyer is the lawyer assigned in the past . she said no , but that she was definitely there .
utpal holds a postgraduate degree in linguistics from jawaharlal nehru university , delhi and a master’s in business administration from nmims ( narsee monjee institute of management studies . he is a connoisseur of world cinema , and loves interacting with people in his leisure time .
enjoy a night in with these popular movies available to stream now with prime video .
little ye - sung brings joy into each of their lives with understanding far beyond her years , as she does good deeds like teaching the illiterate leader so how to read and smuggling a cell phone in so bong - shik can call his pregnant wife . they’re as real a family as any .
he has worked with prominent names in the entertainment industry including reliance entertainment in the distribution space . shital is well known in the industry for his negotiation skills and effective relationship management competencies . he has a keen eye for business with strong focus on revenue maximisation .
while living in the cell , yea - seong grew to love her father’s cellmates and to be loved by them . she colored one of the playboy models stuck on the wall and dressed her up in sailor moon outfit . then she performed sailor moon song and famous line of “in the name of justice” . they all laughed at her cuteness and said that it is what judges say so it must be judge moon . together with her father they danced and sang happily .
director ryoo seung - wan has hit number one at the box office with his latest film . the berlin file brought in 1 . 53 million admissions in its first weekend , marking a new chapter for the korean spy action genre . the film surpassed the two million mark in the shortest time among films that were released in january and february this year .
@ salma @ lalala - park shin - hye appears in the beginning of the film , the middle of the film and the end of the film . her appearance in terms of total runtime isn ' t large , but she plays a huge role in the film .


interpretatio christiana ( latin for christian interpretation , also christian reinterpretation ) is adaptation of non-christian elements of culture or historical facts to the worldview of christianity .

the term is commonly applied to recasting of religious and cultural activities , beliefs and imageries of " pagan " peoples into a christianized form as a strategy for their christianization .

from a christian perspective , " pagan " refers to the various religious beliefs and practices of those who adhered to non-abrahamic faiths , including within the greco-roman world the traditional public and domestic religion of ancient rome , imperial cult , hellenistic religion , the ancient egyptian religion , celtic and germanic polytheism , initiation religions such as the eleusinian mysteries and mithraism , the religions of the ancient near east , and the religion of carthage .

reformatting traditional religious and cultural activities and beliefs into a christianized form was officially sanctioned ; preserved in the venerable bede 's historia ecclesiastica gentis anglorum is a letter from pope gregory i to mellitus , arguing that conversions were easier if people were allowed to retain the outward forms of their traditions , while claiming that the traditions were in honour of the christian god , " to the end that , whilst some gratifications are outwardly permitted them , they may the more easily consent to the inward consolations of the grace of god " .

interpretatio christiana

interpretatio christiana
: gems on the shrine of the three kings in cologne / erika zwierlein - diehl .
interpretatio christiana : les mutations des savoirs ( cosmographie , géographie , ethnographie , his : urltoken h . inglebert : 9782851211866 : books
nga library |
interpretatio christiana
: gems on the shrine of the three kings in cologne / erika zwierlein - diehl .
interpretatio christiana : les mutations des savoirs ( cosmographie , géographie , ethnographie , histoire ) dans l ' antiquité chrétienne ( 30 - 630 après j . c . )
interpretatio christiana : les mutations des savoirs ( cosmographie , geographie , ethnographie , histoire ) dans l ' antiquite chretienne ( 30 - 630 apres j . c . ) ( review )
project muse - interpretatio christiana : les mutations des savoirs ( cosmographie , geographie , ethnographie , histoire ) dans l ' antiquite chretienne ( 30 - 630 apres j . c . ) ( review )
, ed . r . w . mathisen and h . s . sivan ( cornwall 1996 ) , 285–298 . cf . also a . delivorrias , “interpretatio christiana : about the boundaries of the pagan and christian worlds , ” in :
eberlein , johann konrad ( munich ) [ german version ] a . introduction ( ct ) by interpretatio christiana ( ic ) is meant in the most general sense the reception of a non - christian cultural element or historical fact with a view to adapting it to christianity by means of appropriate interpretation . since such a method implies a philosophical and philological basis of the kind that would not be expected in the new religion before the end of the 2nd cent . , the idea of the ic is embedded in a complex intellectual history , the premises and components of which have to be taken into consideration [ 1 ] . eb…
this year , i’ve been returning to my roots and thinking more seriously about the archaeology of the early christian world . i’ve been reading a bunch of the recent work focusing on the intersection of early christian studies and archaeology , and surfing through some of my favorite journals to catch up on recent articles on issues like christianization and the construction of christian landscapes . i was fairly intrigued by troels myrup kristensen’s article in the journal of early christian studies , “ landscape , space , and presence in the cult of thekla at miriamlik ” and jacqueline sturm’s , “ the afterlife of the hephaisteon : the interpretatio christiana of an ancient athenian monument , ” in hesperia .
i . law [ german version ] a . concept interpretatio is interpretation , not only of texts but also of oral declarations and other matters of legal import . the topos of simple truth requiring no mediator ( petron . sat . 107 , 15 ) does not apply to the specialist knowledge of astrologers ( cf . divination ) , philologists ( on both : cic . div . 1 , 34 ; 2 , 92 ) and jurists ( cic . leg . 2 , 59 ) . at the end of the republic , the words interpres ( ‘interpreter’ ) and interpretari ( ‘to interpret’ ) become conflated into the abstract interpretatio [ 3 . 80ff . , 91ff . ] ; this is already true of legal interpre…
jacqueline sturm’s article on the christianization of the hephaisteion is remarkable for several reasons . first , like the site of miriamlik , the hephaisteion has not seen significant new archaeological investigation for two generations . in fact , there has been little significant archaeological work on the christianization of athens in the last 50 years and most of the more recent scholarship has been a reconsideration of longstanding archaeological evidence with all of its limitations and ambiguities . sturm’s article argues that the centauromachy on the temple’s frieze was susceptible to an interpretatio christiana which saw the battle as the conflict of good versus evil . this led to the temple undergoing a “gentle” conversion to a church in the fifth - century rather than showing evidence for more destructive forms of spoliation and conversion .
hervé ingelbert ' s interpretatio christiana is an extraordinary work . not only is it well crafted and thoroughly researched , but it also takes up the study of the christian transformation of ancient savoirs with unparalleled intellectual energy and scrupulous attention to detail . in this book inglebert succeeds admirably well in living up to his intention of providing a more comprehensive study of the evolution of the cultural encounter between pagan and christian intellectuals than marrou does in his work on ancient christianity . while recognizing the importance of marrou ' s work , inglebert nevertheless sets out to map a significant portion of the intellectual terrain of the ancient world . the six hundred - plus pages that he devotes to this endeavor span a period of roughly nine centuries and draw upon sources from greek , latin , syrian , armenian , and jewish traditions .
( ic ) is meant in the most general sense the reception of a non - christian cultural element or historical fact with a view to adapting it to christianity by means of appropriate interpretation . since such a method implies a philosophical and philological…
, antiquity volumes edited by : hubert cancik and , helmuth schneider , english edition by : christine f . salazar , classical tradition volumes edited by : manfred landfester , english edition by : francis g . gentry . consulted online on 09 july 2018 < urltoken >
the options below allow you to export the current entry into plain text or into your citation manager .
clicking export to refworks will open a new window , or an existing window if refworks is open already .
collection des études augustiennes paris : institute d ' études augustiniennes , 2001 pp . 632 . 49 , 42 bf .
eschewing more frequently studied areas such as philosophy , theology , and biblical studies , he concentrates his attention on four areas of ancient learning : cosmography , geography , ethnography , and historiography . though the latter half of the book focuses solely on historiography , inglebert judiciously prepares the ground for this discussion in the first part of the book . his treatment of what the ancients meant by the first three disciplines displays a sensitivity to the different cultural contexts in which these bodies of knowledge arose : linguistic , regional , and social . on the basis of this nuanced discussion , he adopts the model of a filter and assesses the nature of the christian reaction to these disciplines using the fourfold schema of refusal , indifference , synthesis , and original contribution . what emerges in the end is a clear sense of the complementary nature of the four disciplines and the extent to which christians based their appraisal of these disciplines on the foundation of their own familiarity with greek paideia .
inglebert ' s balanced and illuminating assessment of the christian transformation of ancient learning rests on a complex analysis of the dynamics of this change . on the basis of a preliminary analysis of the christianization of the ancient savoirs of cosmography , geography , and ethnography , the author constructs an intricate argument that requires multiple levels of interpretation . initially , he elaborates the chronological development of the christian transformation of greek paideia as it passed from the greeks to the latins , syrians , and armenians while emphasizing the extent to which the influence of jewish thought and social milieu modified or obstructed the transfer of this knowledge to christians .
next , he demonstrates how christian belief provided the means by which christians were able to transform the ancient notion of scientia . in this context , he disputes the claim that parallels can be found between the ancient notion of knowledge and the rationalistic conception of modern science as well as the belief that if no parallels exist , the christian transformation of greek scientia [ end page 433 ] ends in obscurantism . instead , he argues that faith provided epistemological insight into the unifying knowledge of christian wisdom that enabled christians to overcome the conflicting logoi proposed by pagans in their effort to resolve the dilemma of divergent mythological interpretations of the world . and yet , inglebert acknowledges that while the true philosophy of christianity allowed for the possibility of understanding the contents of faith , at times christians depended upon the same unscientific knowledge of the world as the ancients did . reflection on christian exegesis reveals the use christians made of literal and figurative interpretations of scripture to reconcile conflicts between christian belief and classical paideia .
finally , inglebert examines in considerable depth what he regards as the most astounding achievement of the christian transformation of ancient thought , namely , the invention of a universal history of humankind that had its roots in the messianic trajectory of christianity and its ongoing dialogue with the pagan world . this . . .
if you would like to authenticate using a different subscribed institution that supports shibboleth authentication or have your own login and password to project muse , click ' authenticate ' .
project muse promotes the creation and dissemination of essential humanities and social science resources through collaboration with libraries , publishers , and scholars worldwide . forged from a partnership between a university press and a library , project muse is a trusted part of the academic and scholarly community it serves .
©2018 project muse . produced by johns hopkins university press in collaboration with the sheridan libraries .
this website uses cookies to ensure you get the best experience on our website . without cookies your experience may not be seamless .
we don ' t know when or if this item will be back in stock .
instantly receive a £10 urltoken gift card if you’re approved for the amazon platinum mastercard with instant spend . representative 21 . 9 % apr ( variable ) .
credit offered by newday ltd , over 18s only , subject to status . terms apply .
enter your mobile number or email address below and we ' ll send you a link to download the free kindle app . then you can start reading kindle books on your smartphone , tablet , or computer - no kindle device required .
publisher : institut d ' etudes augustiniennes ; 01 edition ( 7 nov . 2001 )
prime members enjoy fast & free shipping , unlimited streaming of movies and tv shows with prime video and many more exclusive benefits .
after viewing product detail pages , look here to find an easy way to navigate back to pages you are interested in .
for luh campus users we will be happy to check if free access is available for you .
© metadata copyright the british library board and other contributors . all rights reserved .
the table of contents of the conference proceedings is generated automatically , so it can be incomplete , although all articles are available in the tib .
studies in the history of art ( washington , d . c . ) v . 54 ( 1997 ) , p . 63 - 83 .
discusses the wide range of engraved gems on the medieval shrine of the three kings in cologne cathedral and how their classical subjects were reinterpreted to have christian meanings . focuses on the three large stones from the removable trapezoidal plate on the front of the shrine : the ptolemy cameo from the hellenistic period ( toward 270 b . c . ) ( formerly part of the shrine but now in vienna , kunsthistorisches museum ) , the sard intaglio of venus and mars from the third quarter of the first century b . c . and the sardonyx cameo of nero and agrippina from soon after 54 a . d .
nicholas , of verdun , approximately 1150 - approximately 1210 - - individual works - - shrine of the three kings ( attributed ) gems - - religious aspects . christian art and symbolism - - medieval , 500 - 1500 . gems , ancient . ptolemy cameo .
open mon : 12 p . m . - 4 : 30 p . m . , tue - fri : 10 : 00 a . m . - 4 : 30 p . m .
, all follow this pattern . this distinction was gradually broken down , perhaps earliest in roman africa , as relics of the saints came to be kept in city - centre churches . by the 6th century bishops were often buried inside their cathedral , and other christians followed .
given the plethora of worship locations for various cults , many had fallen into disuse well before the rise of christianity . the establishment of a third century roman military camp in the temple complex at luxor demonstrates an ongoing process of adaptive re - use . obsolete temples often had their stone elements
for use in new construciton . many ancient accounts of the manner of conversion of non - christian places of worship into churches are not borne out by subsequent on - site archaeology .
at the end of the 4th century . initially they were shunned by christians , perhaps because of their pagan associations , but also because their shape did not suit christian requirements :
to the early church , only one sort of building seemed suitable for christianization : the basilica
, which had previously always been a secular type of building .
in rome itself , numerous buildings including pagan temples and other sites were converted into churches , and several major archeological sites owe their preservation to this . on the roman forum alone , the curia iulia or roman senate building ( sant ' adriano in foro ) , the temple of antoninus and faustina ( san lorenzo in miranda ) , and the temple of romulus ( santi cosma e damiano ) were transformed into churches , and the churches of san giuseppe dei falegnami and san pietro in carcere were built above the mamertine prison nearby , where sts . peter and paul were reputed to have been held .
in rome was once a temple dedicated to the roman gods and it was converted to a roman catholic church dedicated to st . mary and the martyrs . eventually the prime sites of the pagan temples were very often occupied for churches , the church of
, christianized about 750 , being simply the most obvious example . the basilica of junius bassus was made a church in the late fifth century . however this process did not really begin in rome itself until the 6th and 7th centuries , and was still under way during the
one of the most richly adorned churches , the basilica di san clemente , was , according to christian tradition , built on top of titus flavius clemens ' s private home , as he had allowed early christians to worship in his home , due to having pro - jewish sympathies . the conversion of pre - christian places of worship , rather than their destruction , was particularly true of temples of mithras , a religion that had been the main rival to christianity during the 2nd and 3rd centuries , especially among the roman legions . an early 2nd century mithraeum stands across the roman street from the house and can be visited by visitors . other mithraea have been excavated under churches , such as santa prisca , and santo stefano rotondo .
several churches , especially in rome , are said to have been built on the sites of the earlier burial places of martyrs in the catacombs of rome or elsewhere . the sanctification of burial places , and placing tombs inside churches , was a novelty of christianity , and a break with pagan tradition , where burials were regarded as unclean , and usually only allowed beyond a set distance from a city ' s walls .
st . peter ' s basilica , the church of the vatican , is traditionally located at the burial place of simon peter , and most scholars parties agree that the basilica was built on top of a large necropolis on the vatican hill . in 1939 , an excavation underneath the grottoes which lie directly under the current basilica , uncovered several surviving roman mausoleums from the necropolis , and in the area directly under the high altar , below the grottoes , the excavators found a structure resembling a temple that they named the aedicula ( meaning little temple ) .
in greece , the occupation of pagan sites by christian monasteries and churches was ubiquitous .
allison franz argues that it was only after temples ceased to be regarded as serious cult sites that they were later converted to churches .
so it was by virtue of necessity rather than in token of a victorious faith that the temples of the old dispensation became the province of the new .
, during the seventh century , reflecting possible conflict between christians and non - christians .
) . it was the fourth most important pilgrimage in the eastern roman empire after constantinople , ephessos and thessalonica .
cassiodorus , the court secretary to the ostrogoth theodoric the great , described in a letter written in a . d . 527 , a fair held at a former pagan shrine of leucothea , in the still culturally greek region of south italy , which had been christianized by converting it to a baptistery ( variae 8 . 33 ) .
, he began by smashing the sculpture of apollo and the altar that crowned the height .
. jonas described it further :
there stone images crowded the nearby woods , which were honoured in the miserable cult and profane former rites in the time of the pagans
.
' s court , an abbey church was built within the heathen site and its
spectral haunts
.
the notre - dame du taur ( our lady of the bull ) , cathedral church of toulouse , which is famous for the encierro festival of running bulls , is thought by archaeologists to possibly be a converted temple of mithras , whose myth focused on the tauroctony , the killing of a sacred bull .
cults ; here the problem became one of still further humanizing the divinities of springs , trees and mountains , in order to rob them of their prestige
.
in britain , the legendary king lucius , was reported by geoffrey of monmouth , the often unreliable christian chronicler , to have deliberately converted all the old temples to churches . the historical actuality is nowhere more forthrightly discussed than in the famous letter from pope gregory i to mellitus , about to join augustine of kent among the anglo - saxons :
so when almighty god has led you to the most reverend man our brother bishop augustine , tell him what i have long gone over in my mind concerning the matter of the english : that is , that the shrines of idols amongst that people should be destroyed as little as possible , but that the idols themselves that are inside them should be destroyed . let blessed water be made and sprinkled in these shrines , let altars be constructed and relics placed there : since if the shrines are well built it is necessary that they should be converted from the worship of demons to the service of the true god , so that as long as that people do not see their very shrines being destroyed they may put out error from their hearts and in knowledge and adoration of the true god they may gather at their accustomed places more readily .
the british isles and other areas of northern europe that were formerly druidic are still densely punctuated by holy wells and holy springs that are now attributed to some local saint . an example of the pre - christian water spirit is the melusina .
in britain and many other parts of europe trees were also sometimes seen as sacred or the home of tree spirits . when britain was christianized this resulted in a change of the landscape . in some instances sacred groves were destroyed to discourage belief in tree spirits . one of the most famous of these was the irminsul , whose ancient location is no longer known ( though it may have been located at externsteine ) , was obliterated by charlemagne . another major ancient holy tree was thor ' s oak , which was deliberately desecrated and destroyed by a christian missionary named winfrid ( later canonised as saint boniface ) .
in britain and the celtic northwest of europe , the divinities of springs were transformed into local saints who were often venerated only at the location of their
holy well
.
sometime toward the end of the fifth century , an abandoned
mithraeum
near present - day motaro , was rebuilt as a church .
santiago de compostela is a major site of christian pilgrimage , and said in christian tradition to originate as the burial place of saint james the great ; pilgrims traditionally follow the way of st . james until they reach the cathedral , but then , having visited the church , continue to cape finisterre . the continuation to cape finisterre is regarded by historians as unjustifiable for christian reasons , but finisterre has a prominent pre - christian significance , it was considered to literally be the edge of the world ( hence the name finisterre , meaning end of the world ) , due to it seeming to be the westernmost point of europe ( in reality , even though it juts out to the west , the more subtle cabo da roca holds the honour ) . in pre - christian times , the souls of the dead were believed to trace their way across all europe to finisterre and follow the sun across the sea , and their route , the santa compaña , became a significant pilgrimage throughout south western europe . santiago de compostela itself was held to be the place where the dead gathered together , and where their paths finally all joined together for the final stretch of the journey ; one possible etymology of compostela is burial ground , suggesting that even the name derives from the pre - christian belief .
, the cross served the symbolic function of physical possession that a flag would occupy today . at the
in 1147 , when a mixed group of christians took the city ,
what great joy and what a great abundance there was of pious tears when , to the praise and honor of god and of the most holy virgin mary the saving cross was placed atop the highest tower to be seen by all as a symbol of the city ' s subjection .
nuestra señora de los remedios doesn ' t efface the great pyramid of cholula , mexico .
the spanish in the new world converted many native american temples into churches , following their procedure in spain against muslim mosques .
of the mosques were destroyed while the mosque itself was converted into a church or left to decay . the
was a 15th - century abandoned ottoman mosque , converted into a church in the 19th century . in
in vietnam , after the french invasion , many buddhist and taoist temples were neglected by the colonial government , notably the bao thien temple in hanoi were razed to make way for the st . joseph cathedral . the tra kieu church in quang nam was built in the 18th century on the site of a hilltop hindu temple in sinhapura , ancient capital of the champa kingdom , and became an important christian pilgrimage site ever since .
this is not solely a feature of christianity , needless to say ; the phenomenon was discussed in broader terms by f . w . hasluck , christianity and islam under the sultans ( oxford ) 1929 .
emmel , stephen , gotter , ulrich , and hahn , johannes .
analyzing a late antique phenomenon of transformation
, from temple to church , brill , 2008 isbn 9789004131415
gregory , t .
the survival of paganism in christian greece
, american journal of philology 107 ( 1986 : 229 - 42 ) .
see r . s . cormack ,
the temple as the cathedral
in c . roueché and k . t . erim . eds . aphrodisias papers : recent work on architecture and sculpture , journal of roman archaeology supplement ( ann arbor 1990 : 75 - 88 ) .
rothaus , richard m . , corinth , the first city of greece , p . 33 , n . 6 , brill , 2000 isbn 9789004109223
anthony kaldellis associate professor ( department of greek and latin , the ohio state university ) , a heretical ( orthodox ) history of the parthenon , p . 3
seznec , the survival of the pagan gods , ( b . f . sessions , tr . ) 1995 : 13 note 8 .
crummy , nina ; crummy , philip ; and crossan , carl ( 1993 ) colchester archaeological report 9 : excavations of roman and later cemeteries , churches and monastic sites in colchester , 1971 - 88 . published by colchester archaeological trust ( isbn 1 - 897719 - 01 - 9 )
monks and nuns , saints and outcasts , religion in medieval society : essays in honor of lester k . little , lester k . little , sharon a . farmer , barbara h . rosenwein , page 190 , 2000
curran , john 2000 . pagan city and christian capital . ( oxford ) isbn 0 - 19 - 815278 - 7 . reviewed by fred s . kleiner in bryn mawr classical review 20
trombley , frank r . , 1995 . hellenic religion and christianization c . 370 - 529 ( in series religions in the graeco - roman world ) ( brill ) isbn 90 - 04 - 09691 - 4
williams , mark f . , the making of christian communities in late antiquity and the middle ages , anthem press , 2005 , isbn 1 - 898855 - 77 - 3 , isbn 978 - 1 - 898855 - 77 - 4 , google books
jorge quiroga and monica r . lovelle ,
ciudades atlánticas en transición : la “ciudad” tardo - antigua y alto - medieval en el noroeste de la península ibérica ( s . v - xi )
the fountain of cassiodorus at the coscia di stalettì the site known as
fountain of cassiodorus
in the area of the vivarium monastery witnesses the christianization of a pagan shrine dedicated to silvan gods , whose cult is attested by cassiodorus in institutiones ' 1 . 32 . 2 . '
this article is issued from wikipedia - version of the 11 / 30 / 2016 . the text is available under the creative commons attribution / share alike but additional terms may apply for the media files .
in byzantium incorporation of spolia in new architectural compositions was often a means to convey a specific political message , such as the appropriation of the roman past and the legitimacy of the new empire , or to create new aesthetic values , radically different from those of the orderly discipline of the classical art . convenience in recycling earlier building material in new constructions was also an important consideration . in numerous cases a christian reinterpretation of antique sculptures built in churches can be discerned : they often symbolized the defeated paganism and the victory of christianity . although supersitious , beliefs were directly related with the pagan monuments , spolia reworked with crosses were presented as being christianized and as symbolizing that the antique culture in all its manifestations had played a role in preparing the world for christ ' s advent and had not been excluded from salvation .
these keywords were added by machine and not by the authors . this process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves .
( münchen 1975 ) , 8 ff . , 22 ; brenk , “spolia from constantine to charlemagne , ” 105 .
, subsidia hagiographica 32 ( bruxelles 1962 ) , vol . i , 88 ( c . 108 ) ;
( “for carving the capitals of the church columns in various styles” ) ; j . - m . spieser ,
thessalonique et ses monuments du ive au vie siècle . contribution à l ' étude d ' une ville paléochrétienne
, vol . ii , ed . j . wiseman ( belgrade 1975 ) , 15–25 ( irregularity is observed in architectural parts such as the arches , and decorative elements ) ; christine strube , “die kapitelle von qasr ibn wardan . antiochia und konstantinopel im 6 . jahrhundert , ”
eadem , polyeuktoskirche und hagia sophia . umbildung und auflösung antiker formen , enstehen des kämpferkapitells
249 ( 1983 ) , 66 note that “almost no two capitals in the atrium of the civic complex church were alike” ; c . epstein , v . tzaferis , “the baptistery at sussita - hippos , ”
( vinna 1932 ) , 1–9 , 27–40 : variety of the height of columns and types of bases and capitals of the church of the virgin in ephesos . f . w . deichmann , “säule und ordnung in der frühchristlichen architektur , ”
is also found in the literary style in late antiquity : m . roberts ,
( ithaca , n . y . 1989 ) , 44 ff . ( i owe the information to dr . leslie maccoull . )
, ed . a . - m . talbot ( oxford and new york 1991 ) , vol . iii , 1939 .
from classical antiquity to the middle ages . urban public building in northern and central italy ad 300–850
, ed . m . pinder , th . büttner - wobst ( bonn 1841–1897 ) , xiii . 12 . 30–34 .
108 ( 1984 ) , 818–820 . other early byzantine basilicas on the aegean islands on the sites of temples constructed with earlier building material are at phana on chios , on the heraion of samos , at the colona on aegina , haghion kirykos and haghia ioulitta on delos , and the karthaia church on kea .
“il materiale di spoglio , ” 131–146 ; h . - g . severin , “beispiele der verwendung spätantiker spolien . ägyptische notizen , ” in :
, ed . o . feld , u . peschlow , vol . 2 ( bonn 1986 ) , 101–8 . for detailed bibliographical references of spolia in byzantine buildings in pergamon cf . k . rheidt ,
j . w . crowfoot , “the christian churches , ” in : c . h . kraeling ,
, ed . g . w . elderkin ( princeton 1934 ) , 19 and 20 .
r . bar - nathan and g . mazor , “city center ( south ) and tel iztabba area , ”
the bet she ' an excavation project ( 1989–1991 ) , english ed . of hadashot arkheologiyot
, nr . 98 ( 1992 ) , 42 . cf . also the thoughts of brenk , “spolia from constantine to charlemagne , ” with reference to the use of spolia in the monuments of constantine .
, ed . g . barker , j . lloyd and j . reynolds , bar ( = british archaeological reports ) international series 236 , 79 ( oxford 1985 ) , p . 232 .
( new york and london 1988 ) , 187 : “reuse of the statues indicates that , late in the sixth century , urban design at caesarea was nostalgic and antiquarian—a look back at the classical past , to a world that was slipping away . also instructive is the slipshod way in which the builders installed the two statues : they used makeshift bases and odd bits of stone to prop the statues up where parts of the original fabric were missing . ”
similar capitals can be seen in the neoclassical house in heracleion , lassithiou str . 13 / 15 : a . di vita , “gortina 1986–1987 , ”
, “il materiale di spoglio , ” 144 ; saradi - mendelovici , “christian attitudes , ” 51 . for the west cf . ward - perkins ,
48 ( 1994 ) , 167–178 ; brenk , “spolia from constantine to charlemagne , ” 103–9 .
, ed . m . waelkens ( leuven 1993 ) , 93–109 , and fig . 77 , 86 .
the golden age of justinian . from the death of theodosius to the rise of islam
, transl . s . gilbert and j . emmons ( new york 1967 ) , 66–67 . similar appears to have been the function of a lion mask projected in the middle of an ornamental piece in the monastery of saggara in egypt . at the two extreme ends are two vessels from which grow vine branches , while above the branch to the left there is the inscription
( “cross , help” ) . apparently the lion mask was once part of a limestone basis for a vessel : kl . wessel ,
milion . studi e ricerche d ' arte bizantina . costantinopoli e l ' arte delle province orientali
, ed . f . de ' maffei , c . barsanti , a . g . guidobaldi ( rome 1990 ) , 73–134 .
t . e . gregory , “fortification and urban design in early byzantine greece , ” in : r . l . hohlfelder , ed .
g . gualandi , “bosra : la seconda campagna di scavi nella chiesa dei ss . sergio , bacco e leonzio , ”
, ed . h . grégoire and m . - a . kugener ( paris 1930 ) , c . 76 . cf . also r . van dam , “from paganism to christianity at late antique gaza , ”
sardis from prehistoric to roman times . results of the archaeological exploration of sardis 1958–1975
( berlin 1956 ) . for the various ways in which the classical tradition was incorporated into the christian culture of byzantium see also h . saradi ,
aspects of late antiquity and early byzantium . papers read at a colloquium held at the swedish research institute in istanbul 31 may–5 june 1992
, ed . l . rydén and j . o . rosenquist ( stockholm 1993 ) , 99–112 ; c . a . marinescu , “transformations : classical objects and their re - use during late antiquity , ” in :
, ed . i . raeder ( leipzig 1904 ) , viii . 68 :
saradi - mendelovici , “christian attitudes , ” 54–55 . on the other hand , numerous early christian basilicas were built next to pagan temples offering “a challenge to the pagan sanctuary or a choice to those who came to workshop” : t . gregory , “the survival of paganism in christian greece : a critical essay , ”
, 84 , 478 . on the wall of the temple of artemis at sardis opposite a small early byzantine church were inscribed twenty - five crosses and one with the inscription φως zωh ( “light , life” ) : c . foss , “byzantine cities of western asia minor” ( ph . d . diss . , harvard university 1972 ) , 95 . numerous crosses and the tree of life were inscribed on blocks in delphi . particularly remarkable are the dozens of crosses and nine circles engraved on the altar of chios : p . amandry , “chronique delphique ( 1970–1981 ) , ”
37 ( 1987 ) , 84 , ( “byzantine walls of the dark ages are usually faced with spoils arranged in regular courses in imitation of ashlar . in the 7th c . the facing is often elaborate and decorative , becoming simpler in the 9th” ) ;
31 ( 1977 ) , 74 : the facade of the castle was built with large blocks up to a hight of 8–10 m .
, ed . l . bachmann ( rostock 1847 ) , p . 1 . 5 .
( on the founder and the byzantine inscriptions of the church one of which , written in hexameter homeric greek , conveyed a specific political message , cf . n . oikonomidès , “pour une nouvelle lecture des inscriptions de skripou en béotie , ”
two to the right and left of the apse of the church of st . michael synadon ; three on the west wall—the two to the right and left ends of the wall , the third high up in the middle ; another similar block of a sarcophagus is incorporated in the low part of a wall of the church panaghia eleutherotria ( eighteenth century ) . they were decorated with an altar in the middle flanked by two garlands around a taurus ' head each . the reliefs are unfinished . cf . ph . bruneau , “peparethia , ”
[ haunted ] or not , they were placed with no regard for their subject - matter except in such a manner as to form a symmetrical pattern . ”
, ed . a . laiou , h . maguire ( washington 1992 ) , 143–4 ; h . p . maguire , “the cage of crosses : ancient and medieval sculptures on the ‘little metropolis’ in athens , ” in :
( athens 1994 ) , 169–172 . thus he concludes ( p . 172 ) : “such attitudes to ancient statuary make it likely that the pagan reliefs were not incorporated into the little metropolis because the builders admired their beauty , but because they feared them . like the dangerous animals , the pagan sculptures were emphatically neutralized by their setting , by crosses and by circles . in a city that was as full of ancient statuary as athens , this was surely a wise precaution . ”
, 59 . for the ancient origin of the belief of the apotropaic power of wild animals cf . guberti bassett , “the antiquities in the hippodrome of constantinople , ” 89 n . 19 .
iii , patrologia graeca 100 , coll . 464–5 . a . grabar , “l ' esthétisme d ' un théologien humaniste byzantin au ixe siècle , ” in :
, vol . hors série ( strasbourg 1956 ) , repr . in : a . grabar ,
“ ( here the sculptor carved the wooden images of animals” ) . on the meaning of
( “image” ) in neoplatonic and byzantine writers with reference to artistic production cf . g . mathew ,
) ( belgrade 1977 ) , 314 . for other examples cf . e . kitzinger , “list of early byzantine animal and bird capitals , ”
age of spirituality . late antique and early christian art , third to seventh century . catalogue of the exhibition at the metropolitan museum of art . november 19 , 1977 , through february 12 , 1975
( new york 1979 ) , 638 ; j . russell , “christianity at anemurium ( cilicia ) . recent discoveries , ”
2 ( 1897 ) , 490–1 ; see also michael the syrian , ed . j . - b . chabot ,
artistes , artisans et production artistique au moyen age . colloque international . centre national de la recherche scientifique , université de rennes ii—haute - bretagne 2–6 mai 1983
cf . the sources cited in e . dauterman maguire , h . p . maguire , m . j . duncan - flowers ,
( urbana and chicago 1989 ) , 18–19 ; j . engemann , “zur verbreitung magischer überlabwehr in der nichtchristlichen und christlichen spätantike , ”
villes et peuplement dans l ' illyricum protobyzantin . actes du colloque organisé par l ' école française de rome ( rome , 12–14 mai 1982
) ( rome 1984 ) , 311 . crosses are also found on the threshold of the entrance of the central square martyrion of st . babylas at antioch : e . kitzinger , “the threshold of the holy shrine , ” in :
, vol . 4 , 280 suggests a continuity with the ancient greek custom of inscribing prophylactic and apotropaic inscriptions above the lintels of houses . similar conclusion by r . merkelbach , “weg mit dir , herakles , in die feuershölle , ”
crosses are engraved above doors of modest houses of emporio on the island of santorini , a town that maintained architectural elements and planning of an earlier period ; or in the metallic ornamental lintel of the main door of a wealthy resdence , dated from an inscription on may 11 , 1843 , at tripolis of peloponnesus ( 44 kypros str . ) .
philippes et la macédoine orientale à l ' époque chrétienne et byzantine . recherches d ' histoire et d ' archéologie
, ed . l . jalabert , r . mouterde ( paris 1939 ) , ii , no . 424 .
patrologia graeca 155 , col . 337b . cf . also j . goar ,
cf . , for example , w . treadgold , “taking sources on their own terms and on ours : peter brown ' s late antiquity , ”
cf . the convincing observations of j . m . speiser , “remarques complémentaires sur la mosaïque de osios david , ”
d . kinney , “spolia from the baths of caracalla in sta . maria trastevere , ”
( 3rd ed . , athens 1979 ) , 29 . this could be compared with the sculptures above the entrance of the church of st . anne at trebizond ( 884–5 ) : g . millet , “les monastères et les églises de trébizonde , ”
49 / 50 ( 1991 / 92 ) , 33–39 , and n . 22 : in the back of one ring - amulet with the figure of the holy rider are inscribed the opening letters of psalm 90 .
: “with the shape of a dragon or the face of a breast” ) .
( “allow men to subdue the quadruped and irrational animals ; for you submitted them , lord” ) .
( “christ who established the cross , as the only support and salvation of the world” ) . for a parallel from the early byzantine period cf . an inscription from the church at androna ( el - anderîn ) of apamene ,
. . . . ( “i am founded in god , supported by christ , surronded as by a wall by the holy spirit . . . . ” ) :
, ed . l . jalabert† , r . mouterde ( paris 1955 ) , no . 1677 .
the association of the four biblical creatures ( man , lion , ox , eagle ) with the four gospels was made by irenaeus ( patrologia graeca 7 , coll . 885–6 ) . on the pictorial association of these four symbols with the evangelists cf . r . s . neolson ,
millet , “les monastères et les églises de trébizonde , ” 434 ; mango , “antique statuary , ” 63 .
cf . saradi - mendelovici , “christian attitudes , ” 56 . superstitious beliefs about statues and icons were very old : c . a . faraone ,
, ed . c . wachsmuth ( leipzig 1897 ) , p . 16 il . 14–16 : “
( “when statues and images appear sweating or shed tears or when a scorched oven or furnace flashes forth , it is a sign of civil wars” ) ; p . 102 il . 7–12 .
, ed . r . wuensch , iv . 82 ( p . 134 ll . 4–7 ) refers to idols , ghosts and demons which inhabit tombs .
michel and struck , “die mittelbyzantinischen athens , ” 308 . for the west cf . , for example , th . w . lyman , “format and style : the adaptation of cartoons to reused marble at saint - sernin , ” in :
( paris 1850 ) , vol . ii , i . an example from the early byzantine period is the cemeterial church attached to the temple of artemis at sardis , with the exterior originally stuccoed and painted : g . m . a . hanfmann , h . buchwald , in : g . m . a . hanfmann ,
g . gordon , “textes coptes relatifs à saint claude d ' antioche , ” patrologia orientalis 35 , 4 ( turnhout 1970 ) , 583–7 . for the later centuries cf . sp . vryonis , jr . , “the panegyris of the byzantine saint : a study in the nature of a medieval institution , its origins and fate , ” in :
ed . a . papadopoulos - kerameus ( athens 1909 ) , 213–4 . cf . g . m . hanfmann , “the continuity of classical art : culture , myth , and faith , ” in : weitzmann , ed . ,
, 81–82 . for the jewish tradition cf . g . foerster , “representations of the zodiac in ancient synagogues and their iconographic sources , ”
( columbus , ohio 1987 ) , 37–38 who concludes that the helios - in - zodiac in synagogues represents the celestial sphere .
“monuments d ' antiquité figurée , copiés à argos par les membres de la commission et expliqués par m . le bas , ” in : a . blouet ,
( göttingen 1849 ) , vol . 2 , 271–2 , and pl . xiii , 24 ; struck , “vier byzantinische kirchen der argolis , ” 209 .
on the theological developments expressed in art cf . d . olster , “byzantine hermeneutics after iconoclasm : word and image in the leo bible , ”
. in other theological texts abraham symbolizes the advent of christ . see , for example , “les trois derniers traités du livre des mystères du ciel et de la terre , ” ed . s . grébaut , patrologia orientalis vi , 3 ( paris 1911 ) , 436–8 . on the
the great entrance . a history of the transfer of gifts and other preanaphoral rites of the liturgy of st . john chrysostom
, patrologia graeca 98 , coll . 396 c - d , 400 b . 155 , col . 348 a :
, symbolizes bethlehem and the cave of the nativity . therefore , as it stands in the corner , and not far from the altar , although in the past it was placed even further in the large churches for safeguarding the holy vessels . . . ” )
michel and struck , “die mittelbyzantinischen kirchen athens , ” 308 ff . apparently the tradition was old ; an altar of sarapis was incorporated into the northwestern corner of a church in limyra in asia minor ( fifth to sixth centuries ) : r . jacobek , “byzantinische forschungen , ”
11 , 2 ( ankara 1989 ) , 192 and pl . 13a ( 208 ) .
the reuse of pagan sarcophagi by christians is attested already in the early centuries : r . farioli , “i sarcofagi ravennati con segni cristologici : contributo per un completamento del ‘corpus’ ii , ”
, 483 . for the western middle ages cf . χ . barral i altet , “le destin médiéval des sarcophages d ' aquitaine , ”
cf . , for example , the adornment of the entrance door of the kümbet camii ( 1274–5 ) between ankara road and the town of sivrihisar with fragments of the templon architrave of a byzantine church : c . mango , “the pilgrimage centre of st . michael at germia , ”
on this monastery cf . struck , “vier byzantinische kirchen der argolis , ” 189–236 ; g . chora ,
ph . d . diss . , univ . of athens ( athens 1975 ) .
bruneau , “peparethia , ” 487 and fig . 17 . we find a similar use of column bases in antiquity : the upper part of a column base from the temple of athene in priene was used as a table in the northwestern section of the city ' s gymnasium : wiegand ,
in the church of bishop markianos near gerasa ' s hippodrome , built in 570 with spolia , a small column with a marble slab on it was placed by the east wall to serve as an altar : m . gawlikowski , a . musa , in : f . zayadine ,
( amman 1986 ) . in the small chapel of a middle byzantine basilica in maroneia in greece , built on the ruins of an early basilica , the basis of a column placed upside down , and a broken small column of the templon were used for the altar : ch . bakirtzis ,
1987 ( athens 1988 ) , 23 . various other antique blocks used as tables include even grave markers : a roman tombstone was used as a table support in a small church ( sixth to seventh centuries ) in the village of kalavassos in cyprus ( a . papageorghiou ,
( new haven and london 1965 ) , 141–2 , and fig . 124 . the use of objects of pagan art for the
appears to have been a rather recent practice . at the end of the early byzantine period ( sixth to seventh centuries ) the byzantines were disturbed by such a practice :
, ed . c . de boor , revised by p . wirth ( stuttgart 1972 ) i . 11 . 3 ff . ;
, ed . a . - j . festugière ( brussels 1970 ) , c . 42 . but in some other instances such a use was clearly suggesting the victory of the church . at salona , for example , a pagan altar was placed upside down and hollowed to hold the holy water in the basilica of anastasius : e . dyggve ,
( oslo , cambridge , mass . , and london 1951 ) , 9–10 ; at horvath hesheq in upper gallilee a small altar with a dedication to jupiter heliopolitanus was broken and a cavity was cut to place burning incense or a lamp in the sixth - century church : l . di segni , “horvath hesheq : the inscriptions , ” in :
christian archaeology in the holy land . new discoveries . essays in honour of virgilis c . corbo
for the various messages which was conveying the conscious incorporation of ancient spolia in western mediaeval settings cf . m . perry , “st . mark ' s trophies : legend , superstition , and archaeology in renaissance venice , ”
1 ( 1937 ) , 204–220 , repr . in : william s . heckscher ,
, ed . e . verheyen ( baden - baden 1985 ) , 31–51 ; a . esch , “spolien . zur wiederverwendung antiker baustücke und skulpturen im mittelalterlichen italien , ”
51 ( 1969 ) , 1–64 ; m . vickers , “wandering stones : venice , constantinople , and athens , ” in : k . - l . selig , e . sears , eds . ,
, who offers a detailed analysis of the use of spolia in the west and discerns practical considerations , aesthetic and antiquarin motivations , and a christian reinterpretation , each one manifested in different historical periods .
saradi , h . int class trad ( 1997 ) 3 : 395 . urltoken
popular : trivia , history , america , television , tv , usa , geography , world , . . . more
here you will find one or more explanations in english for the word christianized . also in the bottom left of the page several parts of wikipedia pages related to the word christianized and , of course , christianized synonyms and on the right images related to the word christianized .
christianize chris
tian * ize , v . t . [ imp . & p . p . christianized ; p . pr . vb . n . christianizing . ] [ cf . f . christianiser , l . christianizare , fr . gr . ? . ] 1 . to make christian ; to convert to christianity ; as , to christianize pagans . 2 . to imbue with or adapt to christian principles . christianized philosophers . - - i . taylor .
this is the place for christianized definition . you find here christianized meaning , synonyms of christianized and images for christianized copyright 2017 © urltoken
transition to christianity : art of late antiquity , 3rd – 7th century ad by industry design inc . - issuu
introductory essay by peter brown , and essays by fabrizio bisconti , kimberly bowes , averil cameron , slobodan ćurčić , jaś elsner , henry magui . . .
sorry , preview is currently unavailable . you can download the paper by clicking the button above .
enter the email address you signed up with and we ' ll email you a reset link .
the folks on western argolid regional project are heading to the tripoli museum and then to tegea tomorrow while i stay back to take care of some editing and databasing .
in anticipation of their trip , i looked up the section in my dissertation where i talk about the early christian basilica there that was excavated by anastasios orlandos and published in the 1970s . the calendar mosaic from the building is remarkable as is its metrical inscription .
another scrappier inscription seems to evoke the sanctus and might be one of the few inscription from early christian greece that preserves a clear liturgical utterance that has significance in the christological controversies of late antiquity . here’s a link to something i wrote a while back .