the corner rise seamounts are a chain of extinct submarine volcanoes in the northern atlantic ocean east of the new england seamounts .

both it and the new england seamounts were formed by the great meteor hotspot .

it is the shallowest seamount in new england , with some of its nineteen highest peaks only 800 – 900 m deep .

like most seamounts , they attract fish .

over 175 species have been found there , including splendid alfonsino , black cardinal fish , black scabbardfish , and wreckfish .

trawl fishing during the 1970s and 1980s resulted in approximately 20,000 tons of fish being harvested .

as a result , the seamounts were closed to demersal fishing ( collecting fish near the bottom of the ocean , as opposed to pelagic fishing , collecting fish near the surface ) beginning 1 january 1997 .

the original ban was supposed to be lifted 31 december 2010 , but was extended until 31 december 2020 .

almost a decade into the ban , a 2005 woods hole oceanographic institution survey found that two of the peaks , kükenthal and yakutat , had been stripped bare of both corals and bottom-dwelling animals .

however the survey , which covered both the corner rise and new england seamounts , found 270 species of invertebrates and crustaceans , including 70 species unique to the corner rise seamounts .

corner rise seamounts

pristine coral areas have been documented in five of the corner rise seamounts using remote operated vehicles .
the major peaks of the new england seamounts rise as much as 4 , 000 m above the sohm abyssal plain . about 300 km east of nashville seamount , the corner rise seamounts form a cluster of peaks midway between the eastern end of the new england seamounts and the mid atlantic ridge . the new england seamounts and corner rise seamounts resulted from a mantle - plume hotspot , which moved from southern quebec towards the mid - atlantic ridge .
note : the information regarding corner rise seamounts in undersea features on this page is published from the data supplied by the national geospatial - intelligence agency , a member of the intelligence community of the united states of america , and a department of defense ( dod ) combat support agency . no claims are made regarding the accuracy of corner rise seamounts information contained here . all suggestions for corrections of any errors about corner rise seamounts should be addressed to the national geospatial - intelligence agency .
) a slow growing and long - lived species . kukenthal peak and , more generally , the western portion of the corner rise have been shown to be areas of high fish species diversity and abundance compared to other parts of the corner rise seamounts . in addition to alfonsino , other fish species include black scabbardfish (
article : shank , timothy m . ,
new england and corner rise seamounts
, oceanography 23 , 1 ( 2010 ) : 104 - 105 , doi : 10 . 5670 / oceanog . 2010 . 76 , urltoken
the corner rise seamounts are the shallowest seamounts in the new england – corner rise seamount system , rising from the sea floor to approximately 1000 m depth or higher and cover approximately 1270 km2 in area from peaks above 2000 m depth . this hotspot , referred to as the “new england hotspot” , is more than 3000 - km - long . a pause in volcanism 83 million years ago is responsible for the present day spatial gap between these two seamount chains . named seamounts within the corner rise seamount chain include : bean seamount , caloosahatchee seamount with milne - edwards peak , verrill peak , castle rock seamount , corner seamount with goode peak and kukenthal peak , justus seamount , macgregor seamount , rockaway seamount , yakutat seamount . some of these peaks fall outside of the nafo convention area .
this page presents the geographical name data for corner rise seamounts in undersea features , as supplied by the us military intelligence in electronic format , including the geographic coordinates and place name in various forms , latin , roman and native characters , and its location in its respective country ' s administrative division .
one of the longest seamount tracks in the atlantic ocean was formed by the great meteor or new england hotspot . this more than 3000 - km - long hotspot track formed both the new england and corner rise seamounts , with a pause in volcanism 83 million years ago as evidenced by the morphological gap between chains .
waller , r . , watling , l . , auster , p . , and shank , t . ( 2007 ) . anthropogenic impacts on the corner rise seamounts , nw atlantic ocean . j . mar . biol . assoc . u . k . 87 , 1075–1076 . doi : 10 . 1017 / s0025315407057785
there are about 25 large volcanoes that make up the new england seamounts over a distance of about 1200 km , and they get younger towards the east . bear seamount , at the west end of the chain is the oldest of the new england seamounts . it was volcanically active just over 100 million years ago . the youngest is nashville seamount , which formed about 80 million years ago . the corner rise seamounts are offset ~ 400 km to the east of the new england seamount chain and are misaligned with respect to the trend of the new england seamounts . the volcanoes of the corner rise form longer ridges with more prominent topographic ' saddles ' than are seen in the new england seamounts . they formed on younger oceanic crust , which may explain some of their differences relative to the new england seamounts . the great meteor seamount group formed on the eastern side of the mid - atlantic ridge spreading center , on the african tectonic plate , and they are the largest and youngest volcanoes of all of the seamounts that were formed by the hotspot .
the bottom graph shows in red the height of the land and depth of the seafloor along the hotspot track . blue lines show the seafloor depths surrounding the seamounts to emphasize how high the volcanoes rise above their surroundings .
) is the most abundant deep - sea fish species found in these seamounts . this species appears to aggregate near certain seamounts . other fishes found include , for example , cardinal fish (
map showing the locations of bear , kelvin and manning seamounts . click image for larger view .
the monteregian hills , which share a name with the city of montreal in quebec , canada , are the eroded remnants of volcanoes that are the oldest volcanoes of the hotspot track : they were active about 125 million years ago . slightly younger parts of the hotspot track are found in the white mountains of new hampshire and neighboring u . s . states . the next youngest section of the hotspot track forms the new england seamounts in the atlantic ocean . they were active between 100 and 80 million years ago . the corner rise seamounts , farther to the east , formed around 75 million years ago . the most recent volcanic activity of this hotspot created the great meteor group of seamounts that are on the african tectonic plate ; these seamounts formed 10 - 20 million years ago .
if you drained the water from the ocean basins , some of the most dramatic features that you ' d see are the tens of thousands of underwater volcanoes called ' seamounts . ' these seamounts are sometimes isolated from each other , but more often are found in clusters and or in chains that stretch across the ocean basin for hundreds of miles . perhaps the best known of these is the hawaiian islands - - emperor seamount chain that stretches over 6000 km in the pacific from hawaii to near the aleutian islands west of alaska . but there are also seamount chains in the atlantic ocean - - including the corner rise and new england seamounts . how do these chains of volcanoes form ?
the new england seamounts make up the longest seamount chain in the north atlantic . they encompass more than 30 major volcanic peaks extending from georges bank southeast for about 1 , 100 km to the eastern end of the bermuda rise , ending abruptly with nashville seamount to the east northeast of bermuda .
watling l and auster pj ( 2017 ) seamounts on the high seas should be managed as vulnerable marine ecosystems .
seamounts are also important because they harbor more marine life than the surrounding seafloor . more organisms live around seamounts because the seamounts disrupt ocean currents and cause deep waters rich in nutrients to move upwards towards the surface . the currents also sweep the seafloor free of sediments in places , so organisms that need to attach themselves to a hard surface , such as deep - sea corals , can grow on the sides of seamounts . scientists make the analogy of the deep - seafloor being like a desert for many types of marine life , one that is interrupted by biological oases at seamounts .
jon moore , one of our expedition team members , has examined archived photos taken during the geological investigation of the new england seamounts . he has shown that more than 50 species of invertebrates and at least eight species of fishes were photographed on these seamounts .
figure 1 . coral communities are widespread on the summits and upper slopes of seamounts , with an example here of a coral community from the corner rise seamounts in the central atlantic . ( a ) soft coral community on the summit of corner seamount ( 1220 m ) composed of paramuricea sp . , calyptrophora sp . , and chrysogorgia sp . , along with patches of coral rubble that form complex interstices that function as habitat for diverse taxa ; ( b ) other species in this same area , such as this black coral leiopathes sp . , have patchy distributions and illustrate the functional role of corals as physical habitat for other taxa , here with galatheid crabs amongst the coral branches ; ( c ) dense scars from what appear to be multiple passes of mobile fishing gear remain visible on the rock substratum along sloped peak edge at kükenthal seamount ( 725 m ) ; ( d ) note the absence of attached fauna , coral rubble , and sediment in both this and previous image , presumably due to repeated disturbance by mobile gear ( see waller et al . , 2007 for more detail on this area ) .
the volcanoes rise from 500 m to several kilometers above the surrounding seafloor , and they are conical in shape , often with flat tops . submarine landslides down the sides of many of these volcanoes have changed their shapes . there are also many smaller volcanoes both on the slopes of the major volcanoes and surrounding them .
the geology of the new england seamounts and the effects of the seamounts on the flow regime of the gulf stream have been studied extensively , but the biota has been almost completely ignored . in fact , a review of literature about the biogeography of seamount faunas around the world notes only one species from the entire new england seamount chain ( the stony coral enallopsammia rostrata from gregg seamount ) .
map of the entire track of the hotspot that formed the new england seamounts and other associated volcanoes , from the monteregian hills ( red dots ) in the west to great meteor seamount in the east .
four new england seamounts exist within 200 nautical miles of the u . s . exclusive economic zone ( eez ) . their minimum depths are : bear ( 1 , 102 m ) , physalia ( 1 , 848 m ) , mytilus ( 2 , 269 m ) , and retriever ( 1 , 819 m ) . several other new england seamounts outside the us eez are significant biologically because they rise to relatively shallow depths . they include balanus ( 1 , 469 m ) , kelvin ( 1 , 599 m ) , atlantis ii ( 1 , 645 m ) , gosnold ( 1 , 409 m ) , gregg ( 893 m ) , san pablo ( 1 , 093 m ) , manning ( 1 , 312 m ) and rehoboth ( 1 , 217 m ) . nashville seamount is much deeper ( 1 , 975 m ) , but it is significant biogeographically because it is the easternmost seamount .
deepwater reef - like habitats are extremely unique and sensitive environments . the deep - sea coral habitats we are likely to encounter are poorly understood , but they are sensitive to bottom fishing activities and are potentially significant indicators of climate change . we anticipate that the new england seamounts will prove to be as biologically rich as seamounts in other regions of the worlds oceans . ultimately , we hope the results of this expedition will help establish protection of seamount fauna in the north atlantic .
rogers , a . d . , baco , a . , griffiths , h . j . , and hall - spencer , j . m . ( 2007 ) . “corals on seamounts in seamounts : ecology , fisheries and conservation , ” in fisheries and aquatic resource series , eds a . pitcher , t . morato , p . j . b . hart , m . r . clark , n . haggan , and r . s . santos ( oxford : blackwell scientific ) , 141–169 .
to learn more about new england seamounts fauna , noaa ' s national marine fisheries service conducted an initial research survey of bear seamount in december 2000 . during a single cruise on and over bear seamount , at least 115 species of fish and 185 species of invertebrates were caught and identified . a second cruise in july 2002 added to that species list . the total number of species identified is now 214 invertebrates and 203 fishes . this indicates that the fauna of bear seamount is highly diverse and suggests that the other new england seamounts also harbor a high diversity of macro - organisms .
this expedition is truly exploratory in nature . in fact , one of the seamounts ( kelvin ) has never been visited . manning was visited once in 1974 and just recently by our collaborator , jess adkins , and only two dives in 1968 were ever conducted on bear . we are almost certain to find a number of species on the seamounts that are new to science , especially from the middle and eastern portions of the chain . in addition , the species distribution information will significantly add to our understanding of community and biogeographic patterns in benthic deepwater organisms . this information will directly support the census of marine life initiative .
the new england seamounts are the middle portion of a long - distance and long - lived hotspot chain that extends from canada to undersea volcanoes on the african tectonic plate . the volcanic activity that formed this long chain provides a history how the north american and african plates have been moving for over 100 million years .
clark , m . r . , schlacher , t . a . , rowden , a . a . , stocks , k . i . , and consalvey , m . ( 2012 ) . science priorities for seamounts : research links to conservation and management . plos one 7 : e29232 . doi : 10 . 1371 / journal . pone . 0029232
in some places on earth , isolated plumes of hot material rise from within the mantle below the tectonic plates that form the rigid , outer layer of the earth . as the plume approaches and penetrates the plates that move across the surface of the earth , it forms magmas that may erupt at the surface in volcanoes known as ' hotspots . ' the volcanic activity derived from a plume usually fluctuates in time , but the overlying tectonic plate keeps moving . with successive volcanic activity , new volcanoes form on the seafloor . if this happens many times over millions of years , a line of seafloor volcanoes is formed . this line of volcanoes records the direction that the tectonic plate was moving over geologic time . sometimes plates change direction , as can be seen by the bend in the hawaiian islands - - emperor seamount chain .
samadi , s . , schlacher , t . , and richer de forges , b . ( 2007 ) . “seamount benthos . in seamounts : ecology , fisheries and conservation , ” in fisheries and aquatic resource series , eds a . pitcher , t . morato , p . j . b . hart , m . r . clark , n . haggan , and r . s . santos ( oxford : blackwell scientific ) , 7119–140 .
we suggest that two obvious conclusions emerge from this discussion . first , all seamounts that have so far been surveyed by cameras , either towed or mounted on maneuverable submersible vehicles , have been found to have abundant vme indicator species ( including xenophyophores on sandy areas ) distributed on their sides and summits ( figure 1 ) . second , and most important , the distribution of vme indicator species is far more extensive than fishery bycatch data would suggest . the lack of vme species in virtually all trawl catches on seamounts is due entirely to their fragility and brittleness . while some large pieces of vme species encountered might be retained in the coarse meshes of a commercial trawl net or snagged on fixed gears such as longlines , the biomass would rarely be high enough to trigger an official “encounter” as most are surely broken into small pieces and fall to the seafloor before reaching the deck of the ship ( auster et al . , 2011 ) . this must have been the case in the louisville seamount fishery as the towed camera data would infer .
seamounts serve as habitat for a large number of vme indicator species . they are true mountains under the sea , defined as being at least 1000 m high , but often are 3 or 4 km in height . because they usually originated as volcanos , they are principally composed of basaltic lava with exposed surfaces that provide a stable substratum on which corals , sponges , and other species settle and grow ( rogers et al . , 2007 ; samadi et al . , 2007 ; clark et al . , 2012 ) .
by rising from the surrounding seafloor to such large heights , seamounts alter the flow of ocean currents , increasing flow rate , and enhancing the delivery of food particles to the suspension - feeding animals . flow enhancement is most pronounced along the sides near the seamount summit , but also anywhere on the seamount where there is a feature , such as a ridge or pillar , that protrudes slightly above the local seafloor . on those features high densities of corals and sponges can be found ( genin et al . , 1986 ) . in fact , seamount benthic communities are characterized globally by octocorals , hard corals , sponges , and crinoids , among other suspension feeding invertebrate groups ( mcclain et al . , 2010 ; schlacher et al . , 2014 ) . a casual perusal of seamount images from web sites such as noaa ' s ocean explorer ( urltoken ) will illustrate this broad generality . none of the seamounts explored , particularly at fishable depths ( < 2000 m ) , have failed to produce spectacular images of octocorals and sponges , many of which are new to science ( e . g . , watling et al . , 2011 ) .
the first encounter rules established in the ne atlantic were based on the predominant deep sea reef - building species lophelia pertusa and the large and heavy globular sponge , geodia sp . most seamounts , however , do not harbor massive reef building corals or very many dense , heavy sponges , although there are a few species in both categories in selected areas . indeed most octocorals , sponges , bryozoans , and associated fauna in regional lists of indicator species ( e . g . , northeast atlantic fisheries commission , 2014 ) are small and , even those that are large , are exceedingly fragile ( e . g . , figure 1 ) . most likely then , as the trawl goes over the bottom , the octocorals and sponges will be crushed and broken with the pieces left on the seafloor or falling through the mesh of the net ( waller et al . , 2007 ; williams et al . , 2010 ; clark et al . , 2016 ) , with the result being that the encounter limits will rarely be exceeded . under some rules repeated encounters could eliminate the fauna of entire summit regions of seamounts without anyone knowing ( auster et al . , 2011 ; international council for exploration of the seas , 2011 , 2012 ) .
for a recent example , in the sprfmo area , only 4 of 255 trawl tows made on the louisville seamounts showed “evidence of a vme” ( new zealand ministry of fisheries , 2008 , p . 31 ) . some of these tows were in areas open to fishing , but others were outside the trawl footprint . a later series of camera tows on six of the louisville seamounts ( clark et al . , 2015 ) recorded the presence of a number of vme indicator species , especially gorgonian octocorals and sponges , although in that report only scleractinians ( hard corals ) were assessed as vme indicator species , contrary to the criteria established in the international guidelines ( fao , 2009 ) . under sprfmo rules , an “encounter” with a vme indicator species ( based on vme taxa scores from median weights obtained over several years of previous fisheries tows ) would require the vessel to move 5 km away from the site of encounter . since one or more typical vme indicator species were observed during virtually every camera tow , there would be nowhere on the seamount where trawling on the seafloor could occur . if a fishing vessel was required to survey with a camera an area where it wanted to trawl , rather than wait to see what comes up in the net , it would be difficult to find a place on the seamount that could be fished with bottom contact gear .
the ecological sustainability of fishing in the deep sea , in areas beyond national jurisdiction ( abnj ) , rose to the attention of the member states of the united nations and elicited action in 2004 and then more strongly in 2006 ( gianni et al . , 2011 ) . mounting evidence of the effects of fishing in the deep sea , such as the destruction of deep sea coral communities at sites around the globe , and the slow growth , time to maturity and tremendous age reached by some species of deep sea fish , caused many to consider the sustainability of common fishing practices . united nations general assembly ( unga ) resolution 61 / 105 in 2006 called “upon states to take action immediately , individually , and through regional fisheries management organizations and arrangements , and consistent with the precautionary approach and ecosystem approaches , to sustainably manage fish stocks and protect vulnerable marine ecosystems [ vmes ] , including seamounts , hydrothermal vents and cold water corals , from destructive fishing practices , recognizing the immense importance , and value of deep - sea ecosystems and the biodiversity they contain . ”
instead , the approach often taken in such areas is to allow bottom fishing on large areas of seamounts and ridge systems and to “manage” the fisheries to prevent significant adverse impact by the use of a so - called “move - on” rule . this rule essentially requires that when vme indicator species are encountered the vessel must stop fishing and move some distance away from where the encounter occurred ( auster et al . , 2011 ) . the problem , of course , is how to define an “encounter” ( generally based on a threshold weight or volume of an indicator species in the catch ) , and then stipulate how far the vessel should move ( e . g . , international council for exploration of the seas , 2011 ) . such rules are established by rfmos , bodies that are created by international treaties and governed by representatives of member nations , that are focused on managing fisheries activities on the high seas , across broad areas of the global ocean . for example , the south pacific regional fisheries management organization ( sprfmo ) extends from the vicinity of the equator in the north to 60°s , encompassing the whole of the south pacific outside of the exclusive economic zones ( eezs ) of surrounding countries .
as part of the commitment to manage high seas bottom fisheries , the un resolutions have also called on states to conduct prior environmental impact assessments before permitting bottom fisheries to take place [ paragraph 119 ( a ) of unga resolution 64 / 72 ] . these are designed to determine whether vmes are in an area where bottom fishing would be permitted and , if so , whether the fishing could be managed to prevent significant adverse impacts on vmes in these areas . the guidelines stipulate that the impact assessment should include the “identification , description , and mapping of vmes known or likely to occur in the fishing area . ” these criteria , as well as the criteria in the guidelines relating to identifying vmes and determining whether significant adverse impacts are likely or not likely to occur from bottom fishing , have been largely incorporated into legally binding regulations for the management of bottom fisheries adopted by regional fishery management organizations ( rfmos ) . in spite of this however , in many of the high seas areas a number of countries have permitted bottom trawling on seamounts and ridge systems without having first mapped the areas and otherwise complied with the guidelines to determine whether vmes occur in these areas ( gianni et al . , 2016 ) .
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sc 2007 : consists of 19 peaks with some summits being only 800 - 900 m deep .
the designations employed and the presentation of material in the map ( s ) are for illustration only and do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of fao concerning the legal or constitutional status of any country , territory or sea area , or concerning the delimitation of frontiers or boundaries .
until 31 december 2020 , no vessel shall engage in bottom fishing activities in any of the areas illustrated in figure 3 and defined by connecting the following coordinates specified in table 5 in numerical order and back to coordinate 1 ( article 17 . 1 ) .
nafo conservation and enforcement measures 2017 ( fc doc . 17 - 01 , serial no . n6638 , 188 pp . )
the northwest atlantic fisheries organization ' s ( nafo ) overall objective is to contribute through consultation and cooperation to the optimum utilization , rational management and conservation of the fishery resources of its area of competence , and to ensure the long term conservation and sustainable use of the fishery resources and , in so doing , to safeguard the marine ecosystems in which these resources are found .
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map of the new england seamount chain ( houghton et al , 1977 ) . click image for larger view .
representative octocorals from dives conducted in 1974 : a . dive 539 , gills seamount ' ( photo courtesy of j . adkins ) . click image for larger view .
representative octocorals from dives conducted in 1974 : b . dive 541 , manning seamount ; ( photo courtesy of j . adkins ) . click image for larger view .
representative octocorals from dives conducted in 1974 : c . dive 538 , and nashville seamount ; ( photo courtesy of j . adkins ) . click image for larger view .
in 1997 , exploratory commercial fishing on bear seamount ( the closest new england seamount within the us eez ) captured seven more fish species , including three exotic speciestwo previously seen only in the eastern atlantic and one found only in the temperate southern hemisphere ) .
a multibeam swath bathymetric image of bear seamount produced on the oe sponsored deep east mission in 2001 . click image for larger view .
6 . assess the physical impact of bottom trawling on octocoral communities and seamount biodiversity .
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the hawaiian islands - - emperor seamount chain stretching more than 6000 km in the pacific ocean .
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ship track of the noaa ship ronald h . brown during the
north atlantic stepping stones 2005
expedition sponsored by the national oceanic and atmospheric . . .
hourly measurements made by selected ship sensors on the noaa ship ronald h . brown during the
north atlantic stepping stones 2005
expedition sponsored by the . . .
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international guidelines for the implementation of the un resolution , including criteria for identifying vmes , were negotiated under the auspices of the un food and agriculture organization and subsequently endorsed by the un through general assembly resolution 64 / 72 ( fao , 2009 ) . this resolution committed states to manage bottom contact fisheries to “prevent significant adverse impacts on such ecosystems consistent with the guidelines or close such areas to bottom fishing . ” the key concept is vulnerability and this is related to “the likelihood that a population , community , or habitat will experience substantial alteration from short - term or chronic disturbance , and the likelihood that it would recover and in what time frame . these are , in turn , related to the characteristics of the ecosystems themselves , especially biological and structural aspects . vme features may be physically or functionally fragile . ” further , the “vulnerability of populations , communities , and habitats must be assessed relative to specific threats . some features , particularly those that are physically fragile or inherently rare , may be vulnerable to most forms of disturbance , but the vulnerability of some populations , communities and habitats may vary greatly depending on the type of fishing gear used or the kind of disturbance experienced . ” finally , risks to vmes are considered based upon vulnerability as well as the probability of the threat causing adverse impacts .
while the vulnerability of seamount faunas and threats from fishing activities have been well - documented ( see clark et al . , 2016 for a recent review ) , how we determine what areas or features are vmes remains an open question . indeed , this is not an easy question to answer , but certain groups of animals are especially vulnerable to fishing gear , and so have been designated as vme “indicator” species . these are groups such as deep - sea corals and sponges , bryozoans , crinoids , xenophyophores , hydrothermal vent faunas , and other taxa that are either very long - lived and / or easily removed , damaged , or killed by fishing gear or other forms of direct disturbance , have low reproductive output , and low ecological resilience ( fao , 2009 ; northeast atlantic fisheries commission , 2014 ) .
the authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest .
the reviewer tm and handling editor declared their shared affiliation , and the handling editor states that the process nevertheless met the standards of a fair and objective review .
auster , p . j . , gjerde , k . , heupel , e . , watling , l . , grehan , a . , and rogers , a . d . ( 2011 ) . definition and detection of vulnerable marine ecosystems on the high seas : problems with the “move - on” rule . ices j . mar . sci . 68 , 254–264 . doi : 10 . 1093 / icesjms / fsq074
clark , m . r . , althaus , f . , schlacher , t . a . , williams , a . , bowden , d . a . , and rowden , a . a . ( 2016 ) . the impacts of deep - sea fisheries on benthic communities : a review . ices j . mar . sci . 73 , 151–169 . doi : 10 . 1093 / icesjms / fsv123
clark , m . r . , anderson , o . f . , bowden , d . a . , chin , c . , george , s . g . , glasgow , d . a . et al . ( 2015 ) . vulnerable marine ecosystems of the louisville seamount chain : voyage report of a survey to evaluate the efficacy of preliminary habitat suitability models . n . z . aquat . environ . biodivers . rep . 149 , 1–88 .
fao ( 2009 ) . report of the technical consultation on international guidelines for the management of deep - sea fisheries in the high seas . fao fisheries and aquaculture report , rome .
genin , a . , dayton , p . k . , lonsdale , p . f . , and spiess , f . n . ( 1986 ) . corals on seamount peaks provide evidence of current acceleration over deep - sea topography . nature 322 , 59–61 . doi : 10 . 1038 / 322059a0
george , k . h . , and schminke , h . k . ( 2002 ) . harpacticoida ( crustacea , copepoda ) of the great meteor seamount , with first conclusions as the origin of the plateau fauna . mar . biol . 144 , 887–895 . doi : 10 . 1007 / s00227 - 002 - 0878 - 6
gianni , m . , currie , d . e . j . , fuller , s . , speer , l . , ardron , j . , roberts , g . , et al . ( 2011 ) . unfinished business : a review of the implementation of the provisions of unga resolutions 61 / 105 and 64 / 72 related to the management of bottom fisheries in areas beyond national jurisdiction . amsterdam : deep sea conservation coalition .
gianni , m . , fuller , s . d . , currie , d . e . j . , schleit , k . , goldsworthy , l . , pike , b . , et al . ( 2016 ) . how much longer will it take ? a ten - year review of the implementation of united nations general assembly resolutions 61 / 105 , 64 / 72 and 66 / 68 on the management of bottom fisheries in areas beyond national jurisdiction . amsterdam : deep sea conservation coalition . available online at : urltoken
international council for exploration of the seas ( ices ) ( 2011 ) . report of the ices / nafo joint working group on deep - water ecology ( wgdec ) , 28 february - 4 march 2011 . ices cm 2011 / acom : 27 , copenhagen . 95 .
international council for exploration of the seas ( ices ) ( 2012 ) . report of the ices / nafo joint working group on deep - water ecology ( wgdec ) , 26–30 march 2012 . ices cm 2012 / acom : 29 , copenhagen .
kvile , k . ø . , taranto , g . h . , pitcher , t . j . , and morato , t . ( 2014 ) . a global assessment of seamount ecosystems knowledge using an ecosystem evaluation framework . biol . conserv . 173 , 108–120 . doi : 10 . 1016 / j . biocon . 2013 . 10 . 002
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nina 's hair parlour was uk 's first and original vintage makeup and hair salon established in 2005 by nina butkovich-budden .

it was based in marylebone , london , england .

nina butkovich-budden , a croatian national began specialising in vintage hair while working at the cut and clipper , a small salon on the cut , waterloo .

butkovich-budden quickly established great media interest , which in turn generated more customers .

eventually larger premises were need as the small salon could no longer cope with demand .

nina teamed up with the makeup artist issidora , in june 2008 and the pair opened a bigger salon in alfie 's antique market in marylebone .

the salon 's interior was designed to emulate the salons of the 1950s , with original chair mounted hairdryers and pistachio coloured walls .

home to a small hair and makeup museum , it was often hired for filming and fashion photo shoots .

nina and issidora work closely with hair and makeup brands oribe and cosmetics à la carte .

butkovich-budden was interviewed on bbc radio 4 's woman 's hour alongside nicky clarke and her entire team appeared on the bbc 's children in need show celebrity scissorhands alongside lee stafford and late steve strange , as vintage hair and makeup experts .

issidora and nina were instrumental in integration of freelance makeup and hair artists that work mainly in fashion industry into the uk union bectu .

after a two year long campaign and contribution from the freelancers across united kingdom , rate card was published for the first time on the bectu website in november 2015 .

they continue to work on bbc documentary programs creating makeup and hair styling .

nina ' s hair parlour

nina ' s hair parlour specialise in creating vintage hair and make up techniques .
i had an interesting tuesday . i went over to visit the first vintage hair salon in the world ! nina’s hair parlour !
nina butkovich - budden collects ephemera from the queen ’s coronation . a vintage hair specialist , she is the owner of nina’s hair parlour , a salon in alfies antiques market , london . she is single
“i ' ve been going to nina ' s hair parlour for almost 2 years now and had sami , cut , style and colour my hair every time . ” in 4 reviews
nina ' s hair parlour is committed to sharing our skills with people who enjoy the exotic , theatrical and glamorous , those who want to indulge in fantasy or take a fun journey of true self expression to another era .
nina ' s hair parlour , the uk ' s first ( and only ) vintage hair salon , has opened the doors of its new location nestled beside alfie ' s antique market in north west london . but this is no bland chain - salon experience - between nina ' s four walls visitors will find a retro haven of original 50s chairs and mounted dryers , where victory rolls and full - on beehives are the order of the day . now home to a barber and make - up artist , the brainchild of ' head dresser ' nina also offers classes on how to get the shampoo - and - set look at home . from £35 , at nina ' s hair parlour , 13 , church street nw8 8dt
nina ' s hair parlour is the first uk specialist in vintage and retro hair and beauty . we help men and women indulge in the glamour and decadence of years gone by in an authentic and one of a kind salon . within the parlour we stock a number of handpicked , rare and original period hats from the 1930 ' s - 1960 ' s , extravagant and unique hair accessories and retro l ' amour snoods , all of which are available for sale and hire .
located at alfie ' s antiques market , the entrance is actually separate . upstairs , there ' s a lovely retro styled hair parlour with lots of decor to get you in that vintage mood .
i just had my hair done at nina ' s by nina again and as always i come away feeling like a million dollars ! the parlour itself is fabulous , you are made to feel totally welcome like an old friend . they do all types of vintage and retro hair styles , i ' m a 50 ' s gal so can only comment on that and i think they are the best in the business ! since having my hair done at nina ' s i ' ve been nowhere else and i have no intention of going anywhere else , fabulous !
taking many of their cues from the golden era of hollywood , salons such as nina’s hair parlour in north london ( ninasvintageand retrohair . com ) specialise in the kind of standout , red carpet glamour that can add a vintage statement to an otherwise modern outfit .
for pin - up worthy tresses , nina’s hair parlour at alfie’s antiques ( the uk’s original vintage hair salon ) will take you from blah to bombshell in no time . the parlour’s decor is gloriously kitsch , with an abundance of gold , animal print and retro trinkets . while the eponymous founder nina butkovich - budden and the fabulous issadora ( ‘if madonna can go by one name , then so can i’ ) immaculately recreate looks from the belle epoque to the decadent ’80s from £45 . if you’re a vintage queen it’s worth investing in a two - hour hair masterclass with one of the ladies ( £150 ) , who will show you how to recreate the styles of three eras of your choice .
lamia hair & beauty salon ( 0 . 0 miles ) church street , st . john ' s wood , nw8 8ep
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i ' ve been to nina ' s and have gone from having waist length black hair with a side fringe via a betty page cut to having my naturally black hair go platinum then back to dark with a 60s bob . there is no one else i would trust with my hair , so much so that leila and issy did the hair and makeup for my wedding and i had my hair styled like diana dors by nina for my birthday . so basically , this woman has done everything to my hair and everything shes done i ' ve loved ! when i went blonde and met new people they though i was a natural blonde ( including a passport control officer in istanbul when checking my passport ! ) and when i had my diana dors do people came up to me on the street to tell me i looked great ! besides from the great hair , i love the atmosphere in the salon , the decor is great , music spot on and the girls are amazing . i used to dread going to the hairdresser because they never seemed to get it right or id sit in the chair in silence , but since coming to nina ' s i look forward to my hair cuts . theres no one id trust more with my hair .
it ' s easy to get the retro clothes ,
says nina - known professionally as nina the head dresser -
but the retro hair and makeup is a skill that needs to be learned .
a hairdresser for the past 15 years , butkovich - budden spotted a gap in the market after helping women at rockabilly and burlesque clubs attend to their tresses .
outstanding ! nina ' s parlour does all kinds of vintage and retro hair , from victorian curls to 80s frosted shaggy dos . their specialty era appears to be 40s - 60s though . located at alfie ' s antiques market , the entrance is actually separate . upstairs , there ' s a lovely retro styled hair parlour with lots of decor to get you in that vintage mood . i had my hair done by leila , and she knew exactly what kind of hairstyle i meant when i described what i wanted . no other stylist has gotten it right , they all seem to want to add modern touches or don ' t understand how vintage hairstyles work . not so here ! my hair was expertly shaped into layers just right for old - school curling , and my fringe was turned into a perfect bettie page style . worth every penny , and highly recommended . i ' ll be back every time i ' m in london !
i cannot recommend this place and the wonderful nina enough ! i actually travel from birmingham to get my hair done here and wouldn ' t go anywhere else to get a re - style . love it ! ! !
today vancouver - born performer alisa is in butkovich - budden ' s hotseat , having her bleached hair rolled and curled . despite only living in britain for only eight months , alisa is already a devoted customer .
nina ' s the only person who ' ll let me kill my hair with bleach ! other hairdressers will preach at me and tell me i ' m ruining my hair , but nina gets it . she knows exactly what i want .
and what alisa wants is big , bold and beautiful 1950s hair and makeup ;
i love the cartoonish femininity of it . growing up in vancouver , everyone wears thick fleeces and sweaters all the time , so i rebelled by wearing seamed stockings and looking like this !
sensational hair styling by nina and her team ! first visit i went a dowdy brunette , left a dazzling blonde ! it was sammy who did the transformation , with nina styling . i felt fantastic , renewed and very looked after ! an excellent job ! ! the place is the perfect vintage parlour from the minty green walls adorned with 50s starlets , pin - ups and all manner of kitchy royalty . i make it a must to travel down to london to have my hair quoffed by the very best ! if you love the vintage look then why go anywhere else ? been back serveral times for roots and trims , a good hair cut can make you feel great . . . . . . . but one from ninas will make you feel ravishing !
down a side street in southwark sits a hairdressers ' that would make most modern stylists run screaming . nestled within the walls of the cut & clipper salon is nina ' s hair parlour , britain ' s first vintage hair salon . scattered around the shop are pictures of immaculately coiffed starlets - lauren bacall , gene tierney and olivia de havilland - all shampooed and set to within an inch of their lives . original hood dryers bulge ominously from the walls and sinister gas - heated tongs from the 1920s rest on art deco cabinets packed with pillbox hats . edith piaf trills softly in the background . it is like toni & guy never existed .
i ' ve been going to nina ' s hair parlour for almost 2 years now and had sami , cut , style and colour my hair every time . when first going to the salon my hair was in bad condition and he adviced me on products and tips to make my hair stronger , previous salons hadnt said a word and just quickly did my hair without any thought apart from getting my money and ruining my hair without my knowledge . i run events and have my hair done by sami , always a new updo idea everytime ! he has always managed to impress me with his creative ideas and brilliant updos of all shapes ! ive never met someone who could create such a masterpiece ( and that also lasts for up to a week ! ! ) if i ' ve ever not be keen on a certain style or shape of my hair during the appointment i ' ve found him the easiest person to talk to change the direction of the style to suit me . i do understand it might be hard or embarrassing sometimes to ask whilst in the salon if you feel something is incorrect , but ive always found sami and nina extremely understanding and willing to go out of their way to make sure i ' m happy i also saw a comment on the cheap hairspray , there are plenty of expensive hairsprays and products in the salon but none seem to keep my hair up than the tre semme ! i sometimes get the up - do to last a whole week if im lucky !
the return of the beehive as the film hairspray is released , there seems to be a boom in the high maintenance hair of the past . we explore the heady heights of the beehive and other vintage hairstyles . are the days of wash’n’go finally giving way to the big , glamorous “do” ? jane little is joined by retro hair specialist nina butkovich - budden and her can of hairspray .
i came to visit nina because most of the times i use hair extensions , and there is nothing better then actually using your own hair . she was helping me realize that i can make nice hairstyles without any extensions . i am obsessed with 1940’s so that’s the style i really wanted . she was super quick and very detail oriented . i was really happy with the result , however i made a big mistake of using conditioner before seeing her , which you should not do because these hairstyles require a lot of maintenance with hairspray and conditioner doesn’t help .
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i have had nina do my hair at various rockabilly weekenders , and thought that i would check out her salon in church street . what a dissapointment . the salon was tucked away up some stairs in an antique market , and hidden way in a corner . i was expecting a really nice little 40 ' s / 50 ' s style salon , and was dissapointed to see a dull , dingy room that looked really messy . the stylist grunted some kind of greeting , but i decided there and then not to part with my cash . nina may be a great stylist , but this salon is a real let down .
after much research and liaison with hair and make - up workers supporting the fashion industry ( editorial , shows , lookbooks , film , photography , promotion ) bectu published its first fashion hair and make - up ratecard in november 2015 . this is also attached to the page .
salon founder nina butkovich - budden says : ‘when it comes to vintage make - up , less is definitely more . the most popular look is the classic pin - up .
a trip to a specialist vintage hair and make - up salon can inject class , allure and style into an outfit for a special occasion .
' if you go on to the streets of london at the moment , you ' ll see a million and one kate mosses . it ' s just so boring !
fumes hairdresser nina butkovich - budden .
but the vintage look ? well , it ' s a little bit of rebellion , isn ' t it ?
a growing minority of young women are eschewing modern style in favour of 50s glamour - there ' s even a new hair salon that caters for them . but aren ' t bullet bras and girdles uncomfortable , asks leonie cooper
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“i had my hair done by leila , and she knew exactly what kind of hairstyle i meant when i described what i wanted . ” in 3 reviews
the retro look isn ' t restricted to showgirls , as helen barrell , a librarian based in birmingham , proves .
i ' ve never been the kind of person to be dictated to about anything - i put my hair in vintage rolls because it looks great and suits me ,
says barrell .
i don ' t know why we ' re told that during the day your makeup should be ' natural ' . what ' s wrong with lots of eyeliner ?
in fact , barrell ' s look is comparatively low - maintenance . she only spends five minutes a day on hair and makeup , saving time by washing her hair just once a week - using setting lotion means it doesn ' t get greasy as quickly .
modern girls apparently wash their hair every day and use their straighteners each morning ,
she says , apparently shocked by this .
i just fold my hair over and pin it !
bectu ' s recommended going rates of pay for freelancers working in hair and make - up for television , mid - low budget feature films , pop promos , corporate videos and commercials ( 2012 ) are attached to this page for download .
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alfies antique market 13 church street , st . john ' s wood london , nw8 8dt
nina butkovich - budden’s first royal purchase as a young punk in zagreb , croatia , was god save the queen by the sex pistols . today she lives in london and has 200 pieces of royal memorabilia , all focused on the queen’s coronation in 1953 . there is a tin of quality street ( empty ) , a small pocket knife , a silk scarf patterned with the procession route from westminster abbey .
i ' ve been to nina ' s twice , its a fun place , there is a nice atmosphere and chit chat between the clients and the stylists . and its really different to any other salon , its a bit like a retro boudoir ! ! ! i was a bit too nervous to let them cut my hair so the first time i went i saw leila who didn ' t do exactly as i asked for ( loose waves ) but the end product was still nice - the front of my hair looked really good so i was pretty happy . the second time i saw a trainee and only paid £15 ( so i won ' t moan too much ) i said she could put my hair up so long as she left some hair down around my face . she didn ' t do this though . i will say the style was pretty amazing - loads of twirls and waves ( i know i ' m not describing this very well ) but i just felt a bit funny about it because i don ' t like all the hair off my face . so all in all a cool salon but i think they would be 5 stars if they listened to clients a bit more .
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i met nina over a facebook group i lead to connect women from balkan region in london . i was curious as i really love to experiment with my looks and she owns the first vintage hair salon in the world . nina owns this place with her friend jazz and this place is also know by the name mi casa es su casa . i took a bus to hackney , and it took ages , also i was late ! ( sorry nina ) , i was balancing krispy kreme donuts in my left hand as i was holding the handle and trying to look at the map on my phone in my right hand . i swear this one guy had mind sex with my doughnuts . as soon as i got out of the bus , i was scared . no seriously , i was thinking of swallowing my credit card because everyone looked as they were going to rob me ! or maybe its was just the doughnuts ? ! thankfully i’m just a paranoid immigrant . i waited in front with my doughnuts ( intact ) and my credit card in my pocket as nina was coming back from the store . as her eyes met mine , there was this weird instant connection ( like when sims experience their first kiss and that weird music starts to play ) . even tho we have never talked in our lives , we immediately kicked off by talking about our london experiences and life in general . dare i say it , we made some pretty exciting conclusions which i will not be sharing in this post , because it is way to complicated and somewhat insulting . as we overindulged in the custard filled doughnuts to the point of hating ourselves , nina was checking my hair and informing me it is burned and i need to chop half of it off . which i am definitely not going to do ! ! there was a knock on the door , and a really charming lady walked in , all the way from san francisco . nina took her tools and started chopping her hair , we laughed and laughed .
butkovich - budden was born in zagreb , where her father was a film director , her mother a teacher . after leaving school she trained as a hairdresser , then specialised in hair design for ads and films . her love of the 1950s stems from this time . in 1994 , in her early twenties , she moved to london , during the croatian war – ‘i knew there was no future over there’ – and worked in a salon in belgravia , while also styling hair for the young vic theatre . she set up her own ‘vintage hair’ salon in waterloo in 2005 , buoyed by the rise of burlesque clubs – ‘there were a lot of performers who didn’t know what to do with their hair’ – and the emergence of a 1950s scene . she moved to alfies antiques market in 2008 .
her collecting , though , started about 10 years ago , triggered in part by raymond bessone , aka mr teasie - weasie , the celebrity hairdresser of the 1950s and 60s . ‘he’s my idol because he dyed people’s hair pink , orange and purple when nobody was doing it . ’ she read his autobiography and scrutinised his suggestions for coronation styles in the hairdressing journal of march 5 1953 . around the same time , she also became interested in cecil beaton’s photography . ‘it all came together and i started getting stuff in . ’
it’s also worth giving nylon a wide berth — vintage store veterans will tell you how much it makes you sweat .
i had my hair done by leila , and she knew exactly what kind of hairstyle i meant when i described what i wanted . no other stylist has gotten it right , they all seem to want to add modern touches or don ' t understand how vintage hairstyles work . not so here ! my hair was expertly shaped into layers just right for old - school curling , and my fringe was turned into a perfect bettie page style .
on the way back in the tube rachel ( san fran lady ) an i realized we have a lot in common so we exchanged numbers . i know i haven’t lived in the 40’s , but i miss those days when women just did their hair all day and gossiped about their husbands . and now i have to finish this post… .
look ! this folds out like a booklet , ’ arlene blanchard says of an unbelievably small , fiddly brooch which dates from the queen’s coronation . it is designed like a gold photo album , and inside is a concertina of 10 miniature photos of a young - looking queen . ‘it’s got a hinge , it actually snaps shut and it’s got a little pin . it would have cost coppers , a cheap object that somebody would have bought from woolworths , and yet it’s amazingly well made . ’
‘try a red lipstick , such as chanel rouge allure , a bit of rouge with max factor’s miracle touch cream blusher in soft candy , liquid eyeliner such as mac liquidlast liner and a good mascara like ysl faux cils or maxfactor’s 2000 calories . ’
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collecting isn’t simply a hobby for robin hunt , it’s a way of life . he wakes at 5am , and is on ebay by 6am , buying and selling . he breaks for breakfast with his wife at 8am . after a constitutional walk when he does some shopping , he’s back , cataloguing and mounting . then it’s lunch when he watches bargain hunt on television . then more ‘fiddling’ until early evening and coronation street , when he relaxes . ‘it’s a full - time job and it keeps me going , ’ he says .
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blanchard and wells liked to spend sunday mornings at a flea market in the village of charnock richard , a sprawling paradise of stalls that was a family ritual for about 10 years . ( wells is a collector , too , of vintage tin toys and comics . ) blanchard’s fascination is costume jewellery . ‘it’s better than real jewellery because there’s so much about . in some ways this has forced me to focus . ’
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why is the collection so specific ? first , she likes the idea of the queen . ‘i’m not really a royalist but the queen is a very inspiring woman , ’ she says . ‘for a woman to run a country , really , it’s a hard thing . ’ this affection , she admits , may be heightened by the fact that she is foreign – ‘for me this queen stuff is like a fairy tale . ’ but mostly it’s because butkovich - budden is a 1950s enthusiast , as becomes obvious when you visit her hair salon . pictures of bettie page and marilyn monroe line the walls ; there’s dean martin music , a pistachio - green colour scheme and a diner - style black - and - white chequered floor . her hair is styled with a victory roll , which actually dates from the 1940s , but she knows everything there is to know about 1950s styles , which were short and curly with hours spent pinning and rolling ( no blow dryers ) .
blanchard has more than 300 brooches and badges , mostly mementos from the queen’s coronation , but also victoria’s diamond jubilee in 1897 and george vi’s coronation in 1937 . all are kept in her ‘miniature museum’ , a cabinet spotlit by an anglepoise lamp , where the royals are set off by white doilies . blanchard is upholding design rather than royalty . ‘i’m not really a fan , ’ she says , ‘they’re just really interesting icons . ’
but the object that stirs her most is a coronation scrapbook with pristine blank pages . ‘it’s the whole idea of it , ’ she explains . ‘“let’s do a scrapbook so people and kids can sit down and fill it with cuttings and pictures . ” it’s a nice spirit . there was a connection among people that came out of the hard times of the war . people stuck together . can you envisage that now ? no . ’
while many young women hanker after that just - crawled - out - of - bed - with - pete - doherty look ( denim hotpants , unbrushed hair ) , it seems that a growing minority are embracing good old - fashioned glamour . and not just a vintage dress here or a hint of a beehive there . across the country , you can find librarians , project managers , city workers and it experts sporting the full - blown hair , makeup and even underwear ( think bullet bras and girdles ) of 1940s and 1950s pin - ups .
head - to - toe vintage is a no - no says brix smith - start , vintage collector and co - host of tv’s gok’s fashion fix . not only is it ageing , it looks more like fancy dress than fashion : ‘unless you’re at a themed party or a vintage event like the goodwood
i started doing it for friends and performers , and then more and more ' regular ' people became interested in it .
last year she began specialising in retro bouffants , helping create vintage hair designs for the young vic theatre , and offering one - to - one sessions with private clients - who range from students and office workers to an air hostess from dubai who flies over specifically to see her . then there ' s the couple whose lives revolve entirely around the 1940s ;
she ' s a land girl and he ' s a soldier from 1943 ,
says butkovich - budden . with a four - month waiting list for the intensive four - hour classes ( which come complete with drinks and chocolates ) , butkovich - budden teaches her customers hair and makeup styles of their choosing .
people bring in three pictures of the styles they would like to have . the most popular are rita hayworth , traci lords in cry - baby , oh , and bettie page . always the bettie page fringe !
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‘i am , in a very minor way , a custodian , ’ hunt says , as we browse through a collection of posters advertising queen victoria’s visit to the north of england in 1849 . ‘it’s far too pompous a word . but i have kept them , and after me , i hope somebody else will carry on . ’
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she goes on . ‘it’s the old values ; the craft , that is what i like , and the queen was the last to look like a proper royal . ’
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one woman who knows good girdles is katie halford , the founder of vintage - inspired pants emporium what katie did . after the boutique she was working for closed down , halford was desperate to get her hands on cheap seamed stockings again , so contacted her former employer ' s suppliers . soon , she was running her own mail - order service .
i wasn ' t really thinking about other women when i started what katie did ,
says halford ,
i was just thinking about myself !
now the fully fashioned website - complete with models with hair styled by nina - stocks everything from bullet bras , girdles and corsets to a large range of hosiery .
the popularity of vintage style seems to be growing daily ,
says halford .
our bullet bra is the most popular as no one else manufactures them in europe . wearing one is the easiest way to get a retro - looking silhouette .
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khloe kardashian ' anxious but eager ' as she gets back to work for the first time since true ' s birth . . . and her alarm goes off at 4 . 35am
hardy has also been visiting country houses since he was a teenager . again the big appeal is the ‘layering’ of information , the eclectic mix of art and antiques and what that tells you about the owners and their political allegiances . ‘it’s about walking into a room and seeing 300 - 400 years of history and understanding the reason why it’s there . ’ his royal collection was a knock - on effect from that . ‘i began to notice on the sideboard , oh , there’s a signed image of queen mary , or a signed image of queen victoria . ’
mel b ' is unable to pay her back taxes amid ongoing divorce battle with stephen belafonte . . . as it ' s estimated the pair owe up to $ 650k ' to the irs
hardy isn’t a royalist – indeed , he plans to escape the royal wedding by visiting a museum in vienna . ‘it’s not a fawning interest , ’ he explains . ‘it’s much more of a contextual interest . ’ from each photograph he can piece together a web of information about history , patronage , interior design , jewellery and fashion , all of which he adds to his own formidable database .
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assesment / advice of one ' s skin , skincare and makeup ( 2 hours ) . personal makeup / skincare shopping ( 3 hours ) . bespoke makeup lesson , 3 different looks ( 3 hours ) .
' she didn ' t get those from me ' : kylie jenner says daughter stormi has dad travis scott ' s lips . . . as star reveals her breasts are ' three times the size ' post - baby
arlene blanchard collects royal jewellery . a former lecturer in art and design , she is married to tony wells , an artist . together they have written and illustrated more than 90 children’s books . they have two grown - up children and live near ormskirk , lancashire
burlesque artist millie dollar first asked her mother for help with creating 1940s hairstyles , but when she couldn ' t show her more than a simple chignon , she turned to the net .
i was on my own really , but there are loads of sites to help you and you can always google it . i ' m now skilled enough at victory rolls and curls to whip them up quickly , but at first it takes a lot longer till you ' re practised .
as well as full vintage hair , millie won ' t leave her house without a trademark smear of post - box red on her lips , but it wasn ' t always that way .
i went through that dreadful teenage stage that everyone goes through where i didn ' t bother much with fashion , and wore baggy clothes to hide myself .
a chance viewing of the classic 1953 musical gentlemen prefer blondes changed all that .
the women looked perfect in every scene ; i wanted to look as graceful as them - they just oozed glamour , every outfit was perfectly made with such luxurious fabrics and styled in such an amazing way .
millie then bleached her hair in homage to one of the film ' s stars , marilyn monroe .
who doesn ' t want to look like marilyn ?
she says .
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nearly 40 years later , it is an obsession . and it’s the gaps that drive him on . take the coronation of george vi . ‘every town , every village , every hamlet , every city , every urban authority , even metropolitan ward brought out a coronation souvenir , a programme of celebrations . just think how many there would have been . ’ he has managed to track down only a few hundred . ‘so , yes , the gaps are there . ’ ( he does not collect china or postcards . ‘there’s so much . i wouldn’t know where to stop . ’ )
hunt is a royalist . he admires the queen and george vi , both of whom he sees as upstanding and dutiful . but his collection isn’t about fandom , it’s a springboard into social history : how people lived , what they bought , how they celebrated national events . and what better to focus on than the royal family . ‘they form such a recognised group , ’ he says . ‘you can see what corporations did to celebrate [ royal events ] , what local people did , because everybody took part . ’ so for edward vii’s coronation , in 1902 , for example , poor people had beer and bread and were told to bring their own knives and forks ; the gentry were invited to beef suppers with wine .
born in shanghai , where her father worked for an american electric power company , blanchard moved to britain when she was 11 . she studied art and design at liverpool college of art ( now john moores university ) . in 1982 she become a lecturer in art and design at a college in merseyside , and went on to collaborate with tony wells on children’s books .
it ' s a fact that when the future is wildly unpredictable , we romanticise the past . the cosmetics industry is no exception . right now , the world of beauty is head over heels for all things retro . hot starlets , such as scarlett johansson and katy perry , take their styling tips from bygone eras . both are spurring on young girls the world over to ditch the fake tan and dust off their mother ' s curlers . big beauty brands , including benefit and soap & glory , adorn their packaging with cutesy pictures of 1950s sweethearts , and the new evening make - up brand illamasqua has based its entire ethos on the glamour of the 1920s berlin club scene . even retro beauty parlours are cropping up all over the uk . the powder room salon in…
well , cambridge - based project manager elizabeth stevenson , for one - although her style was also shaped by the film .
i always preferred jane russell as dorothy to marilyn ' s lorelei ,
stevenson says .
she had a knowing wryness about her . i have a copy of the top she wore in the swimming - pool scene from miss selfridge , circa 1983 . it no longer does up but i can ' t bear to part with it !
saturday afternoon double - bill matinees also introduced stevenson to the likes of ava gardner , liz taylor and gina lollobrigida , and she ' s now been sporting the vintage look for more than a quarter of a century . her recent wedding was no exception and was tiki - themed - 40s look - with every attendee wearing period outfits .
at size 20 , barrell has also found that vintage clothing is far more flattering to her shape .
i ' m blessed with curves and 50s dresses allow for an adult female figure with hips , a waist and a bust .
she is also a devotee of that oft - reviled vintage relic -
shapewear
girdles and corsets .
if you ' re wearing vintage clothes , you may as well wear vintage underwear ,
she says .
foundation wear is wonderful stuff , and it annoys me that some feminists seem to think that it ' s evil . yes , i ' ve accepted my size , but at the same time , it ' s really great to have these contraptions made of strong elastic which give you a smooth line . if you wear a bra to support your boobs ,
says barrell ,
why not wear something to support your tummy ?
the collection is a wonderful history of popular art . none of the pieces is particularly rare ; most were bought for less than £10 . but blanchard takes obvious delight in the style history of her collection : a baguette - cut ‘diamond’ on a sceptre brooch from 1953 ; the hand colouring on a coronation cameo portrait where elizabeth ii looks like a hollywood star ; and who would have thought that for george vi’s coronation people wore badges that lit up . blanchard pulls out the odd contraption from its box : a badge with a weeny bulb and a tangle of wires . ‘isn’t that an amazing piece of engineering ! ’ she is especially keen to show me examples of marcasite jewellery , where tiny steel heads are polished to shine like diamonds – ‘a bit of sparkle for the little housemaid . ’ she says modern mementos seem flimsy in comparison , which is why her collection mostly stops at the queen’s coronation .
the royal collection started by default in 1983 , when blanchard was doing an ma in illustration and book production at what is now manchester metropolitan university . she was working on a book : how we lived in 1887 . the date – victoria’s golden jubilee – was chosen to give the book a focus , and the jewellery started out as research . ‘i was walking past an antiques shop in manchester and in the window was a penny coin from 1887 , and next to it a little brooch with victoria on it . ’ she bought both .
hunt collects the small bits and pieces that arise from royal occasions : jigsaw puzzles , tickets , soaps , badges , biscuits , calendars , playing cards , model carriages . he has one box with at least 600 different handkerchiefs . ‘you wouldn’t believe how many were produced for the queen’s coronation . ’ his most recent buy is a pack of souvenir condoms : crown jewels condoms of distinction , a purple pack with an image of kate middleton and prince william on the front ( commemorative condoms were also produced for the coronation of george vi ) ; his oldest dates from 1691 : the order of service for the funeral of mary ii .
hunt says he spends about £50 a week , mostly on ebay and at the ephemera society . everything is catalogued and stored in quantities of boxes and files . recently bought objects are kept on a shelf , waiting to be processed . when i visited , these included kate middleton chocolate coins , a diana and charles stick of rock , coronation brilliantine from 1953 and a toasting fork from the 1935 jubilee of george v . ‘we have one or two very strict rules , ’ says anne , who finds her husband’s habit hellish and thinks in terms of skips . ‘nothing in the lounge , nothing in the morning room , nothing in the kitchen . ’
important note : unless expressly stated , all bectu ratecards are rates that have been recommended by the relevant bectu branch to their members . neither the pact tv drama agreement ( effective dec 2017 ) or the major motion picture agreement ( effective april 2018 ) currently have agreed rates . it has come to bectu’s attention that some productions , and some members have mistakenly concluded that the bectu ratecards are agreed bectu / pact rates . this is not currently the case . please also note that some branches have ‘commercials’ rates . these will generally refer to the rates in the apa agreement and they should be treated as ‘agreed’ for all productions that use the apa agreement .
born in plympton , devon , where his father was an accountant and his mother a teacher , hunt read hispanic studies at the university of liverpool , which is where he met his wife , anne . after graduating he became a french and spanish teacher , first at the liverpool institute , then , in 1972 , he became the head of department at peel moat comprehensive school in stockport . looking in junk shops for old newspapers with reports on the spanish civil war as a prop for lessons , he found one commemorating the queen’s coronation . ‘it triggered something . the spanish civil war was very narrow , but royalty was very wide indeed , i could go right back to the early papers on charles ii . it became an interest . ’
chris hardy has a collection of more than 150 autographed royal photographs , from edward vii to kaiser wilhelm ii . these aren’t any old prints , but formal thank - yous to various hosts and friends . so we have edward and mrs simpson with the dedication ‘to reginald’ , their valet . there is a signed image of queen alexandra , the wife of edward vii , which was probably presented to the british embassy in copenhagen while on a state visit . he bought his first photograph three years ago : prince victor emmanuel of italy and his wife princess elena of montenegro . ‘they were visiting london in 1897 for queen victoria’s diamond jubilee , and they were presented at chesterfield house , which is a large palace in mayfair that was bombed during the second world war . ’
while these women may look like they ' ve just stepped out of a post - war , pin - up magazine , none of them has the slightest desire to be whisked back in time and live the real vintage life .
i don ' t live in the past ,
says stevenson .
i live now - with the comforts of modern life enhanced by some of the things that i love about the past . i enjoy my career and empowerment , which is all possible thanks to a lot of other women ' s efforts to secure equality .
barrell is in agreement ,
i really wouldn ' t have wanted to live in the 1940s . rationing would have been bad enough , but why on earth would i want to sleep in a bomb shelter ?
.
this is the best hairdressers i ' ve ever been to - and believe me i ' ve tried a few ! i ' ve been coming here for three years now and learn something new every time i visit . they also have a make up artist , so i ' ve picked up tips on that front too . i ' m always impressed with the level of creativity here and have come away with so many looks that i wouldn ' t even have thought of trying . this is a great place to come if you ' re feeling uninspired as these guys always have plenty of ideas and resources for research . they also offer classes so you can learn to do things for yourself at home . the team have worked with plenty of famous faces ( including lady gaga and kylie ) on numerous music videos and tv shows , so they really know their stuff . although they specialise in vintage / retro styling , they also do regular modern styles too , so don ' t be afraid to try this place even if victory rolls or an elvis quiff isn ' t what you ' re after ! tip : always book in advance as they get booked out pretty quickly ( especially at weekends ) and bring cash / cheque as there ' s no option to pay by card or atm on site .
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the way the queen looked in 1953 embodies all that butkovich - budden admires : glamour , femininity , effort . ‘women looked like women , and quite a lot of effort was put into that . ’ she goes on , ‘the queen had amazing style . now you see her in ice - cream - type ensembles , but then cecil beaton was taking the photographs and she had this whole dreamy 1950s britain look . ’
she buys from ebay , junk shops and dealers based at alfies antiques market , rarely spending more than £10 . she describes her collection as private , but displays some in a 1950s glass cabinet in the salon . the largest amount she has spent is £70 for a complete set of coronation cups and plates .
robin hunt has about 20 , 000 pieces of royal ephemera . a retired schoolteacher , he is married to anne , also a retired teacher . they have one son , and live in stockport , cheshire
hunt also has a thorough sense of trends . soap is still popular , teapot stands have fallen out of fashion , ditto ties , matchbox labels , telephone cards . there are no longer coronation dresses as in 1953 , only t - shirts .