overkill software is a video game developer founded in 2009 in stockholm , sweden by ulf andersson , bo andersson and simon viklund , formerly founders and owners of grin .

in 2012 , swedish game studio starbreeze studios bought overkill .

overkill software

the reddit community for the game , payday : the heist and payday 2 , by overkill software .
developed by overkill software . published by starbreeze publishing ab .
overkill
,
overkill software
,
starbreeze studios
and the starbreeze studios
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logo are all trademarks and / or registered trademarks of starbreeze ab ( publ ) . all rights reserved .
overkill software says
no . no . god , i hope not
about microtransactions for upcoming heist - themed action game .
richard blom - composer , character model and voice actor of hoxton in payday : the heist . left overkill software in 2012 .
overkill software ' s upcoming heist - themed action game payday 2 will not feature microtransactions , lead designer david goldfarb has confirmed with gamespot .
overkill software has confirmed that payday 2 will be available on steam from august 13 , and on all other platforms between august 13 and 16 .
overkill software is a privately held company that was founded in 2009 in stockholm , sweden by ulf & bo andersson , the former founders and owners of grin .
after almost two years with payday developer overkill software , payday 2 game director david goldfarb has left to make his own independent studio in stockholm , he tells polygon .
asked if overkill software anticipated putting microtransactions in the game , goldfarb bluntly stated ,
no . no . god , i hope not . never . no .
[ update ] developer overkill software says in a video address that payday 2 is doing away with its controversial microtransaction system . additionally , overkill will continue to support payday 2 with new content for at least 18 more months .
starbreeze has taken the next step in its goal to own ip with the acquisition of overkill software , the swedish developer behind the award - winning payday : the heist .
the action - packed brand of high - stakes robbery delivered by overkill software ' s payday : the heist might just be pulling off its next job in the middle of a zombie apocalypse .
overkill software was founded in 2009 in stockholm , sweden by the andersson brothers , who have previously founded grin . alongside them was simon viklund , who became the company ' s head music composer .
simon viklund - founder , musical composer , audio / voice director and voice actor of bain . [ 35 ] left overkill software / starbreeze studios in october 2015 . [ 36 ] [ 37 ]
payday 2 developer overkill software has been eerily silent about the game’s controversial microtransactions , a move that’s had the community upset for more than a week . over the weekend , overkill finally spoke out . they apologized for bungling communication , but the microtransactions are here to stay .
in august 2014 overkill announced their new game overkill ' s the walking dead for 2016 . the game is a collaboration between overkill and the creators of the walking dead franchise , skybound . [ 4 ] [ 5 ]
starbreeze and overkill are two unique fps studios ,
said overkill ' s creative director ulf andersson in a statement , translated from the swedish .
starbreeze ab is publicly traded on nasdaq stockholm first north premier under the ticker star and the isin code : se0005992831 . remium nordic is the company certified adviser . starbreeze brands include overkill software and the payday series .
ulf andersson - founder , head developer , creative director , voice actor and face of wolf . left overkill software / starbreeze studios in may 2015 , but remained as a consultant for starbreeze studios until may 2017 [ 30 ] . even though almir listo promised that ulf will still be the voice actor and the face of wolf , ulf confirmed that he won ' t do voice acting for overkill software / starbreeze studios anymore . [ 31 ] [ 32 ]
in other words , people are buying the drills , and overkill has bills to pay .
but really , it looks like overkill is finally back . i missed you , baby .
former battlefield 3 and battlefield : bad company 2 lead designer david goldfarb joined overkill for payday 2 ' s development . in 2014 he left overkill to start his own studio . [ 2 ]
also listed on the site are payday 2 , being developed by the now starbreeze owned overkill software , and brothers : a tale of two sons , a collaboration with director josef fares . that latter game is looking to be quite a departure for the shooter - obsessed studio .
sebastian
caret caret
evefjord - level designer . left overkill in august 2015 . [ 34 ]
overkill producer almir listo has been working on payday 2 for years . he was part of the braintrust that publicly declared the game would never include microtransactions , a quote that’s been used to hammer overkill for days now .
over the years starbreeze studios and overkill have developed several games . please take some time and browse our portfolio .
the deal includes overkill ' s ip and proprietary technology , and will establish a new starbreeze office in stockholm .
yep , from many of the folks that brought us the payday franchise . raid’s game director ilija petrusic worked as the lead level designer on payday : the heist and payday 2 . and most of the lion game lion team used to be part of overkill software ( payday dev team ) . so , expect some similarities between the two games .
despite having been in the upper eschelons of overkill ' s development team , goldfarb describes an overwhelming drive for creative freedom .
listo revealed how the overkill team has grown in size since the game’s release in 2013—it’s tripled from 25 to 75 developers .
find new friends , and talk about the game with other overkill ' s the walking dead fans in the steam community .
they want to do new merchandise such as more posters and items . all heister masks are planned to be on the overkill store
i admire that overkill doesn ' t listen to the godawful whiny manchildren of this community . the game ' s been better for it .
an interesting wrinkle : overkill signed a contract with publisher 505 games to keep supporting payday 2 through 2017 . listo claims overkill wanted to deliver more than what the contract required , explaining the dramatic increase in team size . but to pay those people , they turned their eyes towards microtransactions .
their first project as overkill , payday : the heist ( 2011 ) was a major success for both pc and playstation 3 , which led to a sequel , payday 2 , released in 2013 to an even bigger praise . overkill was bought and folded into swedish game studio starbreeze studios in 2012 .
the company is currently affiliated with croatian studio lion game lion , which was founded and staffed by former overkill members in july 2014 . [ 3 ]
they are the creators and developers of payday : the heist , payday 2 , the upcoming sci - fi co - op game , storm [ 1 ] and overkill ' s the walking dead , a co - op zombie survival game . overkill was bought out and folded into starbreeze studios in june 2012 .
the official twitter feed of overkill - a @ starbreezeab studio , creators of @ paydaygame , @ pd2console , @ paydaycrimewar , @ overkillstwd . # payday2 # payday2vr # otwd
starbreeze has set out to develop truly immersive virtual reality ( vr ) experiences by integrating software and hardware in its starvr® head mounted display , produced together with acer . together with wholly owned subsidiary enterspace , starbreeze further solidifies its presence in location based entertainment . starvr can additionally be found at imax vr centres in los angeles and new york .
let us introduce aidan , the first playable character from overkill’s the walking dead - the upcoming game from overkill and starbreeze studios . overkill’s the walking dead is a four player co - op action fps , where you and your friends fight the dead as well as the living . set in the walking dead universe , you and your group tries to survive in a post - apocalyptic washington d . c . trailer produced by goodbye kansas studios . steam : http : / / store . steampowered . c . . . . . . facebook : urltoken twitter : urltoken show less
when payday 2 ’s 10 - day crimefest promotion came to an end , the developer held an ama on the game’s subreddit , a source of fandom that has not been kind to overkill’s recent decisions . it’s not a surprise that players immediately started grilling the developer on the microtransactions question . to overkill’s credit , they didn’t avoid it , and decided to address the issue head - on .
it’d be one thing if overkill came to the community and plainly explained the situation before crimefest kicked off , breaking down their rationalization for going back on a previous promise . that’s the exact opposite of what happened .
we made payday : the heist for playstation network and pc , payday 2 for xbox 360 , playstation 3 and pc and are now working on overkill’s the walking dead together with robert kirkman and his skybound interactive .
overkill – a starbreeze studio is a blend of industry veterans , freshly graduated specialists and great partners . it’s a veritable melting pot of experience and ambition and a new approach to development that will kill over the traditions .
today , the overkill crew is a blend of industry veterans , freshly graduated specialists and great partners . it’s a veritable melting pot of experience and ambition and a new approach to development that will kill over the traditions .
overkill’s the walking dead immerses the player into a universe where every single move you make will run the risk of turning a quiet scavenge for loot into an intense adrenaline - fueled and action - packed fight for survival .
overkill didn ' t see the point in developing payday 3 sooner because payday 2 is still alive on new content . they ' re taking the time because they ' re having fun developing pd2 content and enjoy seeing fans enjoy it
starbreeze has graphical emphasis , and overkill has total focus on innovative gameplay . together we form a unique constellation of creative forces . with two strong technology platforms and extensive experience in major productions , we become an unbeatable team .
our passion is to create kick - ass cooperative action games together with our community and to bring back the game industry to its roots , when game developers made games for the gamers , not for the publishers . that , is overkill .
the acquisition is contingent on the sale of 200 million new shares in starbreeze , which will be released on or about june 15 2012 . starbreeze will also implement an incentive program of 42 . 8 million stock options for employees of overkill .
listo pointed out overkill’s desire to keep supporting payday 2 , while having to earn enough money to actually pull that off . six months ago , the game’s price was permanently reduced in an attempt to spur sales , but it didn’t work out .
people , obviously , aren ' t too happy about this change . here ' s a big reddit thread entitled
fuck you overkill
, and here ' s the steam page , which is in the process of being drowned in negative reviews .
we’ll have to wait and see how this ultimately impacts payday 2 going forward . even if some of the most hardcore leave , will the microtransactions make up for it ? right now , that’s what overkill is gambling . according to them , it’s working .
as perceptive gamers will have noticed , several hints have recently been dropped into payday the heist , which has led to various rumors . we are excited to be able to confirm that an in - depth collaboration between overkill and valve is currently in production .
i have decided to move on ,
says goldfarb .
it ' s all on good terms and i think [ overkill ] is well positioned to succeed . they ' re doing great . they ' ll continue to succeed as the last steam sales indicate . super smart people over there .
overkill’s the walking dead is a four player co - op action fps , where you and your friends fight the dead as well as the living . set in the walking dead universe and created together with robert kirkman , you and your group try to survive in a post - apocalyptic washington d . c .
favourite heists : hampe - big bank , he loves loud because he takes two shotguns and defends the vault with the overkill skill . jules - hoxton breakout , he enjoys the cops spawning on different levels on day 2 . joakim - hoxton revenge , he thinks it ' s a beautiful level with lots of detail
developer overkill has added microtransactions to payday 2 , after stating , on multiple occasions , that it wouldn ' t . they ' re part of the black market update , which allows players to crack open safes to claim random loot drops . you ' ll need to microtransact £1 . 60 of real money , to buy consumable drills that will be able to bust them open .
“from an economical standpoint however , completely based on statistics , we can already see that the black market update is working as we intended , ” said listo . “going forward , we hope we can convince the parts of the community that resist this change that this was the right decision to do to ensure the stability of overkill as an independent developer and the future growth of payday 2 . ”
the designer ' s career history in various aaa studios stretches back 15 years . goldfarb first joined overkill in 2012 after a period with ea digital illusions ce where he worked on mirror ' s edge and battlefield 3 among others . after over a decade in the trenches of aaa development , he tells us he is looking for the kind of creative freedom that a studio of his own can offer .
based on the recent developments and almir’s stubbornness , i’ve decided it’s best that i distance myself from everything . and this sucks ! payday was one of my favorite series and i was one of the people who preordered the first game . but i can’t support how overkill is playing every one of the people who have already spent hundreds each towards the series only to be told that we don’t know what’s best for us .
it was recently announced that dev studio starbreeze—makers of this year ' s syndicate reboot and the chronicles of riddick games—would be acquiring overkill in a bid to grow their intellectual property portfolio . originally a playstation network exclusive , payday is also now available on steam . payday debuted on the playstation network and then became available on steam soon thereafter . no word on when we might expect to see the first look at a payday / l4d crossover but zombies vs . bank thieves… that could actually be fun .
a huge reason we’ve written several stories about this ongoing controversy is because payday 2 fans have reached out to kotaku , time and time again , asking for answers . when i’d look at the payday 2 subreddit , i saw anger and confusion . when i’d load the steam forums , i saw that same anger and confusion . a big reason people were upset was overkill’s lack of communication . i tried to help . instead of holding this ama immediately , they waited 10 days to open up .
a little hotfix just in time for the weekend ! we noticed an issue related to our change regarding the auto - kick function that now triggered on overuse of all throwables . since we need more time to check what exactly is causing the issue , we first of all reverted the change . enjoy the weekend , overkill _ symnoverkill - a starbreeze studio . update 181 . 1 changelogupdate size : 15 . 9 mbgeneralreverted the “auto - kick will now trigger on overuse of all throwables” change via : steam community
starbreeze is an independent creator , publisher and distributor of high quality entertainment products . with studios in stockholm , paris , los angeles , barcelona , brussels and india , the company creates games and other virtual reality entertainment products , based on proprietary design and licensed content . starbreeze most recent games include payday 2® , john wick vr shooter and upcoming survival co - op fps overkill’s the walking dead . under its publishing initiative , starbreeze has together with canadian studio behaviour digital successfully launched horror thriller dead by daylight .
what ' s good heisters ? i don ' t know how your weather looks like , but in sweden it ' s currently raining which makes it the perfect time to start the steam summer sale . for the whole duration of the summer sale your favorite franchise will be heavily discounted . - 50 % payday 2 - 80 % payday 2 : ultimate edition - 80 % payday the heist - 80 % payday the heist : wolfpack dlc - 80 % payday the heist : soundtrackeveryone in your crew is a payday the heist veteran but you never played it ? you still haven’t upgrade to the ultimate edition ? now is the time ! sun’s out , guns out ! overkill _ symnoverkill…
available on steam on august 13 , other platforms between august 13 and 16 .
in a blog post , the studio confirmed the release window though exact dates for specific platforms beyond steam weren ' t announced .
it was confirmed back in may that the ps3 and xbox 360 versions of the game would be available at retail in addition to digitally , though we ' re yet to find out what the difference in costing will be .
luke karmali is ign ' s uk junior editor . you too can revel in mediocrity by following him on ign and on twitter .
we are working on a very cool blend of payday and left 4 dead . i am sure it is so exciting that it will have some players check into the hospital before we are done .
kinja is in read - only mode . we are working to restore service .
i knew that at some point the thing that i always wanted was to make my own thing . it doesn ' t matter who i work with : the desire was never to make other people ' s games , no matter how good they are .
i felt like i had done everything else . payday 2 was a big success , the team did great . but for me i was like what am i doing here ?
i was game director but i guess at some point you go like ' what does that actually mean ? ' if i start fighting with people or i ' m restless , you start to see the same things happening . after a while i was just like ' maybe it ' s just time to admit the thing i ' ve been fighting all of my career , ' which is the fact that the only thing that will make me happy is just doing this myself and not deferring that desire because it ' s scary .
goldfarb is in the early stages of his start - up : a small studio made up of four developers who are already in place . he says that early conceptual work has been in development for a few months but remains in very early stages .
while it ' s too early to reveal what that work will result in , goldfarb is making a sharp turn away from the game archetypes he has worked on before .
wasn ' t triple aaa but it had aaa sales . but i just want to find genres that i can subvert . to do that i can ' t be working for people in the way that i was , i just don ' t want any of that shit .
for goldfarb that also means veering away from development trends that have been increasing to the point of absurdity .
no mobas , no comic book styled art , no pixel art . like , those are things i will not do . and there ' s nothing wrong with those things , those things are all awesome , i just don ' t want to do any of them .
i love role - playing games so i will probably make one .
but despite the desire for creative autonomy , he isn ' t looking to scratch the itch in a traditional manner . goldfarb has experience in both poetry and writing prior to his career in games , but even with a background in autonomous work he hopes to achieve the same level of creative indulgence within a small team as he would as a lone writer .
one thing i realised coming out of having written things like poetry and being some kind of writer before i entered the games industry was that for a long time , writing was a thing that allowed me to deal with whatever emotional release and connection you had to the world when i was doing those things . then i made games sort of as a reaction to that because it ' s hard to live with that kind of intensity . and it made me really unhappy and it doesn ' t pay the bills . it became a thing where i was like ' i love games and they don ' t hurt me so maybe i should make games . '
the damage that writing tended to cause in me , it ' s difficult and it exacts a certain price . now i felt after making games for 15 years that ' s actually missing from my life . i had to find something i wanted to make that really mattered in a way that was very specific to the way that i needed to express something that i think i had buried for 15 years . i didn ' t make those kinds of games , it ' s just a fact . those games were cool but they certainly weren ' t my thing alone and they weren ' t expressive of any thing that i felt i needed .
goldfarb jokingly refers to this as the logical end of his complete misanthropy , adding that while he ' s not currently making a career as a solo artist , be that through writing or otherwise , it ' s something that will eventually happen down the line regardless . right now his focus is to experiment with breaking the creative barriers that typify large - scale studios .
his studio ' s first title will follow that principle , he says . goldfarb describes a space in the market somewhere in between indie development and aaa
i worked my away into the industry against all odds and once i had gotten there i realised i wasn ' t really happy doing it and the stuff i was really good at was really hard to quantify . especially in these big industries where their vested interest is really not maximizing who you are as a person or as an artist even . companies make you less than you are the bigger they are . that ' s just a rule . they ' re not evil , that ' s just how they are , it ' s like a physics lesson .
i never wanna really do that again , big teams . and there are a lot of reasons for that . even when i was doing it it felt fucking fraudulent . and there are people who are totally valid in that context but if you ' re a journalist or a game designer who thinks the thing that matters the most to you is you need freedom , and i think i ' m one of those people , then eventually the world will decide or you will decide , there is no other thing . it will happen one way or another .
fallout 76’s todd howard : no cross - console play because ‘sony is not as helpful as everyone would like . ’
this article has a component height of 30 . the sidebar size is long .
if you haven’t been following this story , here’s the quick version : payday 2 ’s developers once declared the game would never get microtranscations . then , it did ! for $ 2 . 50 , players could buy drills to potentially unlock specially skinned weapons that could also have better stats than standard weapon drops . though payday 2 is not a competitive game—it’s players vs . ai—it felt unfair , especially juxtaposed against the comments made by the developers . after much criticism , the drills were introduced as an item that could randomly drop for players , but this was many days after the developers pretended nothing was going on .
“to make sure there was no confusion , we said what we did [ at the time ] to make things absolutely clear , ” said listo . “if you asked me then , there would be no way we would’ve added a system like we just did . ”
but more than two years after the release of payday 2 , that’s changed .
listo first pointed blame at various media outlets— kotaku was not specifically named—for “uninformed , clickbait articles about things that matter a lot to a lot of people , instead of doing some serious legwork to get their facts straight . ”
( so far as i know , our pieces on this story have been considered accurate . please let me know if that’s not true . )
“as our ambition for payday 2 post - launch has grown , we’ve hired more people to help us make it happen , ” he said .
“we didn’t see the result we anticipated , ” he said , “and have had to think of other ways to make sure we can continue creating content in the pace we want in order to keep payday 2 fresh and exciting . ”
“the reason why we didn’t want to discuss this was that it wasn’t fully launched until after crimefest , ” said listo . “not in our wildest dreams could we anticipate the type of reaction that the update received during the first few days . ”
there are several arguments as to why we think stat boosts are ok to have in payday 2 , and here are three ; - the game is balanced around the vanilla experience , that is , the game without any dlc . when we add any new difficulties , enemies , features , heists or otherwise , we balance this in relation to the base game . - payday 2 is a player - versus - environment game . you and your three friends play together against the ai ; you lose together and you win together . any advantage your friends have will only benefit the success of the group . - making sure that the boosts are balanced in such a way that it doesn’t impare [ sic ] on the player’s experience . this is an ongoing effort on our side .
while it’s true payday 2 isn’t player - vs - player , listo’s explanation conveniently sidesteps why folks were upset in the first place : the changes came out of nowhere and weren’t justified to the community . potentially upsetting the balance of the game was part of it , but that ignores what was really driving this .
despite “a lot of fury , anger and disappointment , ” the microtransactions aren’t going away . according to listo , they’re working .
the reaction to listo’s comments , at least in the ama , have been disastrous .
to listo’s credit , he stuck around and answered a ton of questions , despite just about everyone pushing back on his explanations .
elsewhere , fans have launched a parody website called the road to greedfest , an attempt to both send a message to and rally fans behind certain objectives .
first up ? stop playing payday 2 and get it under 10 , 000 concurrent players . next , tank the metacritic userscore . after that , apply the same tactics to the game’s review score on steam . the “challenges” after that haven’t been revealed .
you can reach the author of this post at patrick . klepek @ urltoken or on twitter at @ patrickklepek .
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payday 2 launches in august for the xbox 360 , playstation 3 , and pc .
payday 2 includes a number of features not found in 2011 ' s original payday : the heist , including a skill and progression system . in addition , the game features four different professions , each with its own unique abilities .
for more , check out gamespot ' s demo of the game with commentary from goldfarb embedded below .
starbreeze has been informed by its largest owner varvtre ab that the company is now solely owned by bo andersson klint , ceo of starbreeze . varvtre ab currently holds 12 . 7 % of starbreeze shares .
the change in ownership comes as the prior co - owner of varvtre ab , ulf andersson , brother of bo , and former creative director has decided to leave starbreeze . ulf will remain as a consultant to the board and management team for the next 24 months .
starbreeze is an independent creator , publisher and distributor of high quality entertainment products , headquartered in stockholm , sweden . at starbreeze we create games by our own design and through licensed content , establishing franchises that can live and prosper outside the game itself . we live and die by gameplay .
starbreeze is pioneering digital self - publishing , currently hosting one of the largest community groups on the digital distribution platform steam . starbreeze most recent products include payday 2 , our adrenaline fuelled bank robbing co - op game and the critically acclaimed brothers – a tale of two sons .
starbreeze studios®” and the starbreeze logo , are registered trademarks of starbreeze ab ( publ ) . © 2018 starbreeze ab ( publ )
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starbreeze acquires payday rights for $ 30 million and announces next game in the series .
swedish publisher starbreeze today announced that it has fully acquired the rights to crime game franchise payday , paying around $ 30 million for it . additionally , payday 3 has been confirmed as part of the announcement .
when the deal goes through , starbreeze will get the
full rights to the payday franchise
for all future
developments and commercialization .
this includes payday 2 and payday ' s mobile versions .
a press release issued on monday explains that starbreeze will get
full net revenue
from payday 2 on steam retroactively from may 1 . as for the console versions of payday 2 , starbreeze and 505 games will continue to split the revenue , as was the case before .
furthermore , 505 games will retain a 33 percent revenue share of starbreeze ' s net revenues from future sales of payday 3 capped at $ 40 million , and after starbreeze has fully recouped its development and marketing costs ,
the press release said .
payday is very close to my heart , and has laid the foundation for starbreeze success in recent years ,
stabreeze ceo bo andersson klint said in a statement .
we ' re very excited to bring our heisters home to the safe house . to start with , we believe in the continued success of payday 2 and will support it for at least another 18 months continuing expanding the game .
the payday series debuted in 2011 for pc , coming to console later . across all platforms , the payday franchise has reached 14 million players , starbreeze said .
syndicate and chronicles of riddick developer starbreeze studios recently updated their website , posting details of an upcoming , and previously unanounced , sci - fi shooter , titled storm . details are extremely limited for now , with the game ' s page saying only ,
currently in development . co - op sci fi fps . it is our future .
there ' s also a picture . it shows pipes , gantries and a complete lack of any other defining features .
launch platforms , or even the vaguest of release dates , are still unknown . vg247 are speculating that storm may have ties to the previously announced free - to - play game , cold mercury . that title went mia , with doubts cast over its release when the ceo of starbreeze told edge that ,
we ' re never going to do free - to - play , because then you have to cater to everyone out there – that ' s costly and it ' s hard .
in fact , i ' ve just realised that back in march last year , tom senior promised to eat a mysteriously placed fork if the project - then codenamed p13 - wasn ' t a shooter . let ' s hope he kept it around .
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many other games feature similar systems , but not many of their developers have previously categorically denied that microtransactions would be in their game . in 2013 , producer almir listo wrote that
we ' ve made it clear that payday 2 will have no microtransactions whatsoever ( shame on you if you thought otherwise ! )
the following month , in response to worries they might be added in the future , former lead designer david goldfarb replied that ,
no . no . god , i hope not . never . no .
so yes , payday 2 now features microtransactions . those bought safe loot - drops comprise weapon skins that can either be used yourself , or traded / sold on the steam workshop .
the black market update is part of payday 2 ' s ten - day crimefest event , which kicked off yesterday . it ' s currently being overshadowed a wee bit . ( thanks , eurogamer . )
what’s good heisters ? today is the last day of the steam summer sale and it looks like our dear friends in law enforcement freed up some budget to upgrade their gear . with today’s update , we are not only filling the missing spaces for the zeals , but also took a second look at our full units lineup , that has been evolving over the years . our main goal was to increase the readability on each difficulty and between all the individual units to help players decide their next target while being in a…
heisters , it’s time for some fashion statements . designers young and old have uploaded their weapon skins and you voted on them ! today we release the community safe 7 which includes 16 new skins . use the “buff” skin to get a feel of how it would look like to pull off a heist using toy guns . you prefer it classy and want a gun your enemies will remember ? our new legendary “firmament” skin will definitely make a lasting impression ! check out the website if you want to see all skins or learn…
payday 2 is an action - packed , four - player co - op shooter that once again lets gamers don the masks of the original payday crew – dallas , hoxton , wolf and chains – as they descend on washington dc for an epic crime spree .
the new crimenet network offers a huge range of dynamic contracts , and players are free to choose anything from small - time convenience store hits or kidnappings , to big league cyber - crime or emptying out major bank vaults for that epic payday . while in dc , why not participate in the local community , and run a few political errands ?
xbox live® arcade for the xbox 360® video game and entertainment system from microsoft .
the company hierarchy is flat and lean , the work process is streamlined yet creative and the turnaround time is close to instant . we set our own deadlines , production rules and design our own pipeline – not an elite design company but a true inspired gameplay machine . we live and die by our gameplay .
to our ever supportive community ; thank you for your support . we salute you !
please note ! all pc consumer support is managed via our steam forums . for console support , please visit our console support page .
due to the tremendous amount of mail we get , using this form is the best way of getting in touch with us . please select the topic that best describes your subject or query ; in most cases we can only respond to messages that are sent to the right person , so please choose carefully . for help and support , please also visit the payday steam forums and check with the friendly and experienced community .
if you’d rather rely on traditional email , here are the relevant addresses . note that we may not be able to reply in person to all emails !
today is the last day of the steam summer sale and it looks like our dear friends in law enforcement freed up some budget to upgrade their gear .
heisters , it’s time for some fashion statements . designers young and old have uploaded their weapon skins and you voted on them ! today we release the community safe 7 which includes 16 new skins . use the “buff” skin to get a …
i don’t know how your weather looks like , but in sweden it’s currently raining which makes it the perfect time to start the steam summer sale . for the whole duration of the summer sale your favorite franchise …
a little hotfix just in time for the weekend ! we noticed an issue related to our change regarding the auto - kick function that now triggered on overuse of all throwables . since we need more time to check what exactly is causing …
here comes round # 2 of our spring clean up , this time with more than 60 fixes and tweaks . from now on you need to be more careful while trading hostages , since your trade - able hostage is not invulnerable anymore . this change …
5 years ago , and some five hours ago the payday 2 pre - order opened up on steam . 2 hours ago we reached number one in the top seller list – all categories . at the same time , the prequel payday : the heist …
live broadcast : join us this thursday may 17th at 17 : 00 cet as jules & his cohorts tackles henry’s rock and answers some questions .
we have a massive update ready for you , with over 100 fixes and tweaks . there are big and small fixes , in all areas of the game , and on over 20 levels . for example ; the side jobs have now been …
 spring break 2018 is officially over and once more we’d like to say thank you to everyone who has been a part of it . we had a great time watching you all try the new content , play with us …
spring break day 7 , something terrible has happened to our beloved skepticguy . we have tried to get in contact with him but there is no answer . sadly , this might just be the last post on
four players form a tightly knit team ; aidan , heather , maya and grant , where each character has their own skill tree , squad role , play style and background story . now they all share a common objective where survival and teamwork is paramount .
learn more about those willing to fight by any means necessary as they survive the constant threat of the living and the dead .
surviving in the apocalypse isn ' t something you will be doing for long if you ' re alone .
the deluxe version includes the base game , a steelbook cover ( physical edition only ) , 4 x collector cards made by dan panosian ( physical edition only ) , a digital artbook and the night raid skin bundle .
the walking dead © 2018 robert kirkman , llc . all rights reserved . © 2018 skybound llc . all rights reserved .
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console update 1 . 3 was released this morning bringing a plethora of skill changes , balance changes and more ! this is a free update for all heisters on playstation 4 and xbox one . urltoken
i think i just spent three hours trying to come up with a better way to spend three hours . . . i got nothing . magnificent friend .
# freehoxton . another poster for @ paydaygame , requested by @ corruptsoul _ rp ! wanted to keep the same aesthetic but mix it up to match hox ' s character . thanks for the support on the previous poster ! likes and rts appreciated ! more posters coming soon hopefully ! urltoken
leave a message . poster for @ paydaygame + @ hotlinemiami ' s jacket , my favourite character . i ' ve decided to continue graphics design . i had a lot of fun making this and i have received great feedback on it . thank you to everyone who have supported me ! likes / rts appreciated ! urltoken
a huge thanks to all of you who joined us for our first developer ama yesterday . if you want to catch up on some great q & a ' s about
well , i made it to 3000 . this has been a hell of a ride , with ups and downs . i think it was worth overall , though . still got some content left to cover , too .
well , i made it to 3000 . this has been a hell of a ride , with ups and downs . i think it was worth overall , though . still got some content left to cover , too . # payday2 urltoken
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their long time project storm , a sci - fi co - op fps , is planned to be released in 2017 . [ 6 ]
as of may 2015 , the studio is now owned solely by bo andersson after a falling out between him and ulf . despite no longer being a member of the board and creative director , ulf andersson had remained on board as a primary consultant and was the voice actor for wolf for a remainder of payday 2 ' s support period .
after the acquisition of the payday ip from 505 games in may 2016 , studio executive almir listo have confirmed the development of a third payday game , to be released at an undetermined date .
primary : amcar - 4 • reinbeck • m308 • brenner 21 • ak secondary : mark 11 • locomotive 12g • compact - 5 • gl40 pistols : b9 - s • crosskill . 45 • bronco . 44 • stryk
literally till they announce it ' s all a hoax . have you seen that stream ? it ' s a travesty it is . 2017 - 12 - 10t21 : 53 : 39z
hassat hunter wrote : literally till they announce it ' s all a hoax . have you seen that stream ? it ' s a travesty it is . i haven . . . 2017 - 12 - 10t23 : 52 : 17z
can ' t find a community you love ? create your own and start something epic .
since its release in october 2011 , payday : the heist has sold 400 , 000 copies via digital platforms - equivalent to £1 . 42m / $ 2 . 3m in revenue and £388k / $ 625k in net profit . work has already started on both expansions and sequels .
in a recent interview with gamesindustry international , starbreeze ceo mikael nermark spoke candidly about the studio ' s goal of owning ip after a long history of work - for - hire with established licenses .
if you look at any successful studio out there , they own ip , they have done their own games ,
he said .
look at valve , epic , crytek . they believed in their own ideas , they had a lot of passion for what they did , and they succeeded . to be a successful studio you have to take charge of your own destiny by owning your own ip .
we ' re not going to leave aaa or hardcore gaming . that ' s what bought us into the industry and we love to do those . but to keep a sustainable business and to cater to the studio ' s needs , we want to broaden our experience and move into new areas . we need to understand the whole market , rather than just a part of it .
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the swedish company narrowed its losses , invested $ 7 . 7m in mohawk games ' 10 crowns
uk charts : jurassic world narrowly misses no . 1 as crash bandicoot holds firm
starbreeze is an independent creator , publisher and distributor of high quality entertainment products with three business areas covering own games development , games publishing and virtual reality . read more about our products and news below .
we develop engaging , thrilling , fast paced and adrenalin fuelled games in - house , and in partnership with other studios .
we offer you a to work in a dynamic and rapidly growing company where we live and die by gameplay . while we grow , we want you to grow with us and to evolve in your professional development . we ' ll change the landscape of entertainment together .
headquartered in stockholm , sweden , starbreeze shares are listed on nasdaq stockholm main market under the tickers star a and star b with the isin - codes se0007158928 ( a share ) and se0005992831 ( b share ) .
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i keep trying to ask them about the dodge changes but instead they ' d rather answer questions about jerking off in - game ( that was literally a question they answered . joakim :
no , as your mom isn ' t in the game
) . some things said on stream ( i ' ll tidy it up later ) :
was update 100 a pr stunt ? hampe :
no , we want to listen to the community .
no workshop for mods like l4d2 , kf2 . they don ' t want to be responsible for crashes due to the frequency of updates . they support modding as long as it doesn ' t interfere with other players ' games . workshop for weapon skins in the vein of csgo will come soon
why is grinder nerfed ? joakim jokes it ' s a noob deck because he uses it . jules feels the deck is better with the new skills


chemence ( inc. , ltd. , medical , graphics ) is a multinational conglomerate which manufactures products including cyanoacrylate adhesives , anaerobic adhesives , impregnation sealants , adhesive activators , epoxy resins , uv adhesives , photopolymer resins , custom printer ink cartridges , gas pipe sealants , and soak off nail polishes .

chemence is a supplier of photopolymer and commercial printers to the flexographic industry in the u.s. and europe , as well as the primary sealant supplier to british gas , and a primary supplier of private-label adhesives to companies including tesco , 3m , bostik , and bondo .

the company 's catalogue of patents includes processes , packaging devices , and chemical combinations .

chemence

press release : chemence : chemence , inc . denies ftc claims , vows to defend lawsuit
glassdoor has 31 chemence reviews submitted anonymously by chemence employees . read employee reviews and ratings on glassdoor to decide if chemence is right for you .
the post chemence® ltd awarded iso 9001 : 2015 standard appeared first on chemence . . . .
chemence ' s managing director , mike russell , currently has an approval rating of 39 % . chemence ' s primary competitors are
owler has collected 15 screenshots of chemence ' s website since jun 2014 . the latest chemence website design screenshot was captured in may 2018 .
to place an order , contact one of our chemence medical customer support representatives .
glassdoor gives you an inside look at what it ' s like to work at chemence , including salaries , reviews , office photos , and more . this is the chemence company profile . all content is posted anonymously by employees working at chemence .
3m acquires industrial adhesives product line from chemence inc . | 3m news | united states
chemence engages in the manufacture and supply of adhesives and sealants for retail , manufacturing , graphics , oil , gas and construction industry . chemence ' s headquarters is located in corby , england . for every employee , chemence generates $ 14 . 6k in revenue . chemence ' s main competitors are chemique adhesives and sealants limited , c . r . laurence and v . & w . graphics . chemence has 7 followers on owler .
( nasdaq : mend ) and privately held chemence medical products , inc . today announced the signing of an exclusive agreement to jointly develop liquid embolic products for neurovascular indications using chemence
chemence engages in the manufacture and supply of adhesives and sealants for retail , manufacturing , graphics , oil , gas and construction industry . chemence was founded in 1983 . chemence ' s headquarters is located in corby , england , gb nn17 4xd . chemenc . . .
we are excited about working with micrus to develop products that can be delivered endovascularly . chemence
chemence president hugh cooke said :
these accusations by the ftc are flatly incorrect .
chemence creates the chemical solutions for product viabilities with myriads of benefits . chemence ' s unwavering thirty - year commitment to excellence will continue purposefully , professionally , and prodigiously to benefit future generations .
introducing new products . chemence introduces krylex , its own formulation based on ritelok developed for 3m .
the post chemence has acquired the electronics adhesives business from supreme resources . appeared fi . . .
our bill of lading data reveals the trading activities of chemence ltd and millions of other importers .
chemence medical , inc . rosa wiley ( 844 ) 633 - 4583 customerservice @ urltoken www . urltoken
chemence , a manufacturer of specialised adhesives , sealants and resins , has acquired the electronics . . .
the post chemence quality management systems meets the iso9001 : 2015 requirements appeared first on ch . . .
innovative new products , a partnership with pongostore and chemence ltd pongo® pla adhesive classic & . . .
federal trade commission , plaintiff , v . chemence , inc . , an ohio corporation , defendant .
chemence medical products , inc . , plaintiff - counter defendant - appellant , chemence , inc . , consol plaintiff - counter defendant - appellant , v . james quinn , defendant - counter claimant - appellee .
chemence is a leader in specialty medical adhesives with an extensive track history of developing materials based on strong technology , clinical aptitude and a solid intellectual property position . we look forward to working with the chemence team .
copyright © derma + flex qs : a product of chemence medical , inc . | powered by showcase marketing
do not work at chemence , your job will be advertised before you are even out the door .
with a focus on growth and global integration , chemence has invested significant resources in cloud - b . . .
chemence graphics presente en graphispag ' 17 compartiendo con tmz y aportando su tecnología . un saludo a todos . urltoken
chemence’s innovative technologies incorporate the newest ideas and the most up - to - date features in the world of graphics .
the beginning of an incredible legacy .  chemence ltd . remains the principal supplier to british gas to this day .
exofin is available from chemence medical for immediate sale in two sizes , each with its own unique and innovative applicator .
alpharetta , ga . - - chemence , a multinational leader in chemical technology with reach from malaysia to . . .
v . & w . graphics is chemence ' s # 3 rival . v . & w . graphics was founded in null in alford , england . v . & w . graphics generates $ 50 . 2m more revenue than chemence .
chemence has employees and is the fifth highest among it ' s top 10 competitors . the top 10 competitors average 775 .
pioneering thinking and design from the very beginning . chemence ltd . develops special adhesives that can seal gas mains under live conditions .
uk - based chemence graphics group , a pan - european specialist in pre - press , flexographic and printing p . . .
chemence creates products that reduce impacts upon climate change by reducing its operational footprints . positioned with present and futuristic planning of chemical technologies , chemence tirelessly addresses global challenges with its uncompromising commitments to marry product performance with adaptiveness to future needs , markets , and demands .
taking innovation to new levels . chemence , inc . becomes qs - 9000 compliant and a key supplier to tier 1 and 2 oems .
chemence ' s revenue is the fourth highest among it ' s top 10 competitors . the top 10 competitors average $ 5 . 5m .
chemence , inc . ( chemence ) and chemence medical products , inc . ( cmpi ) appeal the district court ' s denial of their motion for judgment as a matter of law , its denial of their motion for a new trial , and certain of its evidentiary rulings in this litigation against dr . james quinn . after consideration of the parties ' briefs , and with the benefit of oral argument , we affirm . 1
cooke also expressed his disappointment over ftc’s lawsuit , claiming that the commission made charges without fully understanding the production procedures of chemence in the us .
alpharetta , ga . - - ( business wire ) - - chemence denies the allegations made by the ftc and affirms its man . . .
chemence is bs en iso9001 : 2000 accredited specialising in the manufacture of anaerobics , cyanoacrylates , photopolymers , toughened acrylics , vacuum impregnation sealants , grouts and uv curing resins . the company has used its experience in formulating adhesives and sealants to develop the chemence anacure 2793 range of gas main sealants for distribution mains up to 2 bar . chemence has also developed sealants for screwed pipework sealing individual joints or multiple jointed riser pipework . the range also includes annular gap sealants for inserted pipework . the chemence gas products range is supported by a specialist product manager with full technical and laboratory support .
chemique adhesives and sealants limited is the biggest rival of chemence . chemique adhesives and sealants limited was founded in null , and its headquarters is in walsall , england . chemique adhesives and sealants limited operates in the agricultural products industry . chemique adhesives and sealants limited has 24 more employees than chemence .
branching out to america . chemence inc . was formed in ohio , with the intent of becoming a distributor for companies based in the united states .
exofin® , a fast , high viscosity , topical skin adhesive for wound closure by chemence medical , inc . , receives fda clearance for immediate sale .
chemence dedication to its liquid photopolymer products has been the catalyst for a myriad of innovations that benefit its customers’ key business objectives with solutions like genesys .
we are pleased to announce the appointment of carl brock as operations director for uk & germany sites . welcome to # chemence ' s team carl !
chemence inc . is a specialty chemical company that manufactures a range of consumer and industrial adhesives , as well as liquid photopolymers and impregnation sealants . chemence is the second largest manufacturer of liquid photopolymer resins for printing plate applications in north america . manufacturing facilities are located in alpharetta , georgia and corby , england .
we see significant potential for a liquid embolic to be used either in conjunction with embolic coils or by itself for the treatment of aneurysms . the unique properties of chemence
c . r . laurence has been one of chemence ' s top competitors . c . r . laurence is a private company that was founded in vernon , california in 1961 . c . r . laurence competes in the construction supplies & fittings industry . c . r . laurence has 1 , 394 more employees vs . chemence .
chemence has been an innovative pioneer in cyanoacrylate technology for medical use . emphasis has been placed upon research and development to promote new and improved products with high performance and beneficial technology characteristics . chemence products are protected by a portfolio of patents covering various aspects of cyanoacrylate technology for medical use , including sterilization , packaging , viscosity and bio - absorbable formulations . chemence has become a world leader in medical cyanoacrylate devices and products and is committed to be at the forefront of technology in this field . chemence medical products , inc . is an fda registered manufacturer and has several products with ce marking for sales in the european union . the business is certified to iso 13485 : 2003 and has instituted a quality system to meet the requirements of the countries it does business in . chemence medical products manufactures a variety of medical products designed to improve the healthcare of people and animals throughout the world .
“pr01” refers to 2 - ethylcyanoacrylate , 100 cp , super fast cure , 10 - 30 second set time , available from chemence , inc . , alpharetta , ga . 30005 .
a company is formed , and an innovator arrives . founder hugh v . cooke established chemence ltd . in the united kingdom , as a specialty manufacturer of industrial adhesives and sealants .
over the course of my 6 years working at chemence , i was given the opportunity to learn and travel in a growing and dynamic company . i was fortunate the during my time at chemence the company was prospering and i was within that boom . i was able to gain great contacts which has enabled to gain the necessary experience to further my career progression .
chemence stands at the quintessential forefront of manufacturing efficiencies for both industrial and consumer uses and applications . as an independent entrepreneur providing outstanding and ground - breaking chemical technologies since 1984 , chemence has boldly ventured into innovative processes for a breadth of chemical solutions : high performance instant adhesives , i . e . , cyanoacrylate or super glue ; anaerobic compounds and sealants for construction , cosmetics , graphics , manufacturing , medical , and retail applications / industries ; liquid photo polymers ; and uv curing resins . at the heart of every chemence product is polymerizable chemistry , the foundational chemical reaction that turns liquids into solids , employing curing technologies . chemence is fundamentally committed to meeting industrial and consumers’ needs in applicable , efficient , and cost - effective technologies .
chemence synthesizes governmental policies and directives , academic research and discoveries , and corporate cooperation and high - quality products . global needs will not diminish ; nutritious food for a hungry world , decreased reliance upon fossil fuels , protective policies for a battered environment . chemence is purposed , poised , and ready to deliver long - term , sustainable , and viable manufacturing solutions with excellence .
it took me a while to adjust to the work load and the pace at which chemence moved . with constant progression and diversification , at times , i was pushed to keep up .
chemence and cmpi ( together , the chemence parties ) raise seven issues in this appeal . first , they contend the district court erred in granting judgment as a matter of law because the oral contract between cmpi and quinn was barred by the statute of frauds . second , they assert the district court erred in excluding the testimony of the chemence parties ' attorney , robert wilson . third , the chemence parties argue the district court erred in refusing to grant judgment as a matter of law to them on quinn ' s corporate alter ego theory . fourth and fifth , they submit that the district court abused its discretion when it excluded their damages witness and permitted quinn ' s damages witness to testify . sixth , they contend quinn ' s future damages were not recoverable under georgia law and the district court should have granted judgment as a matter of law on that basis . finally , the chemence parties assert the district court should have granted their motion for a new trial on quinn ' s claim that the chemence parties acted in bad faith in bringing an action against him for violation of the georgia trade secrets act . 2
chemence graphics division “green ink” accomplishes the job at hand with the appropriate level of durability and uv light wave frequency blockage while avoiding and minimizing all adverse impacts on human health and the environment .
immediate partnerships and success . chemence ltd . quickly becomes a key supplier of private - label adhesives to a number of major companies including tesco , 3m , bostik , bondo , and others .
expanding into new fields . chemence medical products inc . is formed , and manufactures its own product line of medical adhesives , as well as those of other medical companies , to this day .
“exofin delivers the speed , strength and innovation customers have asked for while being easy to use , ” said roberson . “chemence medical is excited to introduce the next generation of topical skin adhesive . ”
“sb14” refers to 2 - ethylcyanoacrylate , 100 cp , 10 - 60 second set time , high strength bonds on plastic and rubber , available from chemence , inc . , alpharetta , ga . 30005 .
establishing a global presence . chemence purchases platemaking shops across europe , including mediaflex in spain , vw graphics and outline imaging in the uk . a strategic partnership with smurfit kappas’ european trade shops is formed .
racking up patents left and right . between 1990 and 2014 , chemence , inc . , holds a catalogue of more than 24 patents , which include proprietary processes , packaging devices , and chemical combinations .
chemence’s in - house research , testing , and development has advanced and enhanced chemical processes in an ever - changing responsiveness to global demands with staunch priorities to environmental responsibilities . preeminent chemists and technicians ensure superior and uncompromising product consistencies , performances , and qualities . chemence’s facilities in both the united states and the united kingdom service clients globally . chemence’s patents for products and processes include : iso 9001 : 2000 and iso 13485 , both fda registered medical devices . customers and endorsements include a spectrum of renown industries : caterpillar , chrysler , ford , frigidaire , gm , johnson controls , mack truck , phillips electronics , and zenith .
new home , bigger facility , brighter future . chemence inc . relocates to a 100 , 000 - square - foot manufacturing facility in georgia , and becomes the only manufacturer of cyanoacrylate in the united states .
chemence offers an inclusive service and maintenance program with any new supply agreement , provided by our highly trained technical support team . we can also provide plate - making machinery and a full range of ancillary products .
“sb20” refers to 2 - ethylcyanoacrylate , 5 cp , ethyl hybrid , 0 - 20 sec set time , high strength bonds on acidic surfaces , available from chemence , inc . , alpharetta , ga . 30005 .
chemence medical , inc . , headquartered in metropolitan atlanta , ga , has redefined the medical adhesives industry , and has become a world leader in the medical device arena since its beginning in 1994 . chemence medical manufactures and distributes adhesive - based medical devices used by many of the largest medical centers around the globe . many of the company’s products are protected by a portfolio of patents covering various aspects of cyanoacrylate and mechanical technologies .
“after spending more than two years observing and talking to healthcare professionals throughout all departments of hospitals across america , it became clear that no single topical adhesive had all of the attributes that mattered most , ” said jeff roberson , president of chemence medical . “chemence medical has combined your feedback with the very best r & d department in the usa and created a topical skin adhesive that delivers on all of the requirements you asked for . ”
the dvgw accreditation will allow chemence product krylex ® ks775 to be widely used by gas and water suppliers for both privately - owned corporations , as well as public municipalities , across europe . learn more about dvgw certifications here .
chemence hand stamp photopolymers are specifically formulated to optimize stamp manufacturing and end user performance characteristics for the business / craft stamp market . our products , flex - stamp 50 , and polyclear 40 + cs plus share the following product characteristics .
chemence prepress solutions that are custom designed to deliver performance and superior results for the flexographic printing industry . krylex ® imaging solutions and genesys are products that cover the full gamut of imaging solutions and insure confidence in film and plate reproduction .
the employees who have been working at chemence ltd , corby for a number of years are friendly and welcoming . although i have no idea why these people have been working there for so many years , but i have my suspicions .
chemence is a world leader in ultra violet light curing technology and markets its products worldwide to the print industry . our liquid photopolymers are state - of - the - art photo - initiated resins used in the flexographic and stamp making industries .
chemence , a producer of specialised adhesives , sealants and printing plate technology , has denied the charges made by the federal trade commission ( ftc ) over the usage of the ‘made in the usa’ tag by the company on some of its products .
, with a staff largely comprised of senior chemists , r & d ; , and product development specialists . in 2014 , chemence is one of the top suppliers of photopolymer and commercial printers to the flexographic industry both in the us and in europe .
“i believe 3m’s expertise in adhesives technology and long history in the industry make it a natural fit to take this very successful brand to the next level and grow this business to its full potential , ” said peter battisti , vice president , marketing , chemence inc .
spreading into more areas . chemence purchases indiana clearstamp , relocates the facility to dalton , ga , and opens a photopolymer platemaking facility for the craft and hobby industry , one of only a few of its kind in the us , under the name “clearstamp by craffiti . ”
chemence graphics is a world leader in liquid photopolymer flexographic printing plate technology . the recent resurgence in liquid plate technology provides the inherent benefits and features of sustainability , plate material , reclaim , water base development , fast platemaking cycle times , flexible plate configurations , and low - cost plate materials .
st . paul , minn . - - ( business wire ) - - 3m announced today it has acquired the rite - lok global industrial adhesives product line from chemence inc . , a specialty chemical company that manufactures a range of consumer and industrial adhesives . terms of the transaction were not disclosed .
chemence graphics group is a world leader in pre - press , flexographic , and printing plate technology . our systems are fast , easy to use , and cost - effective , while giving outstanding print quality . they are designed and continuously improved by our research & development department to meet the requirements of today’s ever - evolving graphics industry
the single greatest thing about working at chemence is that every day you have an opportunity to improve yourself and the people around you through your work . the most inspiring aspect of this truth is that the tools required are very simple – commitment and hustle . every day we have the opportunity to go out , work hard , and create
the chemence parties also contend the district court erred when it excluded robert wilson , the chemence parties ' general counsel , from serving as a witness at trial . our review of the district court ' s decision here is “sharply limited to a search for an abuse of discretion and a determination that the findings of the trial court are fully supported by the record . ” mee indus . v . dow chem . co . , 608 f . 3d 1202 , 1211 ( 11th cir . 2010 ) ( quotation omitted ) . we find no such abuse of discretion . the district court accurately assessed the history of the case , including the chemence parties ' multiple representations to the court that wilson would not serve as a witness , resulting in the court ' s permitting him to continue as litigation counsel over quinn ' s objection . as a result , wilson participated in all subsequent discovery in the case . the district court was within its discretion to grant quinn ' s motion to exclude wilson as a witness .
our primary environmental focus is to significantly reduce the amount of polyester and plastics from landfills . this effort is reinforced by employing proprietary manufacturing techniques that eliminate the needs for solvents in both manufacturing and product yields . chemence manufacturing facilities have zero solvent emissions . several patented products and processes were developed to eliminate waste while improving production time and cost .
krylex ® photopolymers have been precisely developed to create an optimum combination of resilience , elasticity , hardness and plate wetting tension . quality and consistency are rigidly held to iso 9001 standards ensuring dependable and predictable performance . chemence has a full team of photopolymer chemist capable of developing resin of any durometer or quality , catering to your applications and needs .
the top 10 competitors in chemence ' s competitive set are chemique adhesives and sealants limited , c . r . laurence , v . & w . graphics , efco , nanawall , simonton windows , digg , kawneer , oldcastle buildingenvelope and prl glass systems . together they have raised over 49 . 0m between their estimated 11 . 5k employees .
we at chemence are pleased to make the claim that our new genesys cr24 bio - solvent inks meet the growing demand for green solutions . our ink products are measurably less harmful to the environment than most solvent based inks currently being touted in the industry . the reduced voc nature of cr24 ink provides a safe work environment for production and employees .
s cyanoacrylate technology , development capabilities and intellectual property . micrus endovascular will be responsible for overseeing the regulatory and clinical process and will be the exclusive worldwide distributor for neurovascular products developed based on this collaborative agreement . under the terms of the agreement , micrus has made an upfront payment to chemence and will make additional payments upon achieving certain development milestones .
chemence’s innovative technologies incorporate the newest ideas and the most up - to - date features . our advancements are systematically altering industrial packaging , prepress , and flexographic films for converters , manufacturers , trade shops , and printers . continually innovating and questioning every aspect from prepress to product , has helped us meet goals and solve problems with increased performance , and sustainability .
our efforts for greener solutions extends beyond the mere ink technology and incorporates the most efficient cartridge recycling program available for wide - format printing applications . while most manufacturers claim to recycle their cartridges , their objective is to remove them from circulation by either incinerating or dismantling . however , chemence customers experience a true recycling and reuse process of our cartridges via return credits .
) - - chemence medical , inc . , a manufacturer and distributor of adhesive - based medical devices , announced it received food and drug administration clearance to market and sell exofin® , a new topical skin adhesive for wound closure . exofin enters the market as the fastest polymerizing 2 - octyl cyanoacrylate topical adhesive available and as the highest viscosity formulation in the industry .
chemence has introduced its krylex ® imaging solutions for the production of negative and positive films in formats up to 64” wide . krylex ® imaging solutions can replace an entire image - setting workflow with a chemical - free production environment . krylex ® imaging solutions utilizes some of the most advanced imaging technology available , while redefining the price performance equation , delivering unmatched performance and value .
small team able to make a impact and give ideas to improve . company is growing there is a lot of opportunities for career growth . current management team are mostly new to the business and working hard to change the old culture . if you want to work , do good job everyday and have a work to life balance chemence is a great place to do that .
as the global population continues to grow , unprecedented challenges in sustainability demand innovative , efficient , and critical solutions of industry leaders . tough problems must be met squarely with critically valid solutions . chemence ' s business priority and mission statement underscore the invaluable integration of long - term thinking with application , science - driven innovation with relevance , and professional expertise with consumer ' s demands .
chemence is a manufacturer of cyanoacrylate , anaerobic , solventborne , two - part epoxy , two - part acrylic , two - part methacrylate , and uv - curing adhesives and sealants . it is the world leader in gas - main sealing , the north american leader in vacuum - impregnation sealants and number two in the united states in the manufacture of liquid photopolymers . ( privately held )
company contact : micrus endovascular corporation robert stern , president and chief operating officer 408 - 433 - 1400 ras @ urltoken or investor contact : lippert / heilshorn & associates , inc . jody cain or bruce voss , 310 - 691 - 7100 jcain @ urltoken bvoss @ urltoken or company contact : chemence medical products inc peter d . battisti , vice president marketing 770 - 664 - 6624 x 221
i ' ve been working with chemence ltd for several years and enjoy the energy and hard - working atmosphere . management often promotes from within and allows staff to achieve higher levels . training is supported , as well as teaming with sr . level employees to improve skills . there are many who have been employed more than 10 and 15 years or even longer . management expects hard work but also acknowledges accomplishment .
we need not determine whether the contract could have been performed within one year because the evidence was sufficient for a reasonable jury to find that quinn rendered part performance and thus the oral agreement was removed from the statute of frauds . it is undisputed that quinn continued to perform his duties , which the chemence parties accepted—indeed , they continued paying him his $ 4 , 000 consulting fee , consistent with the terms of the alleged oral agreement . quinn provided medical and scientific advice , conducted testing to support the chemence parties ' submissions to the fda , answered customers ' questions , and met with fda representatives , all after the written agreement had expired . in addition , the jury was permitted to credit quinn ' s testimony that when he was solicited to perform consulting work for a competitor , he refused and continued to put his best efforts into his work for the chemence parties because he was entitled to commissions . according to quinn , he notified the chemence parties of the solicitation immediately and they expressed concern that he would leave . these and other facts recounted by the district court show there was sufficient evidence on which a reasonable jury could find the oral contract fell within the part performance exception to the statute of frauds . see hemispherx biopharma , inc . v . mid - s . capital , inc . , 690 f . 3d 1216 , 1226–27 ( 11th cir . 2012 ) ( “the question of whether there has been part performance sufficient to warrant application of this exception to the statute of frauds is generally one for the jury . ” ( citing hathaway v . bishop , 449 s . e . 2d 318 , 320 ( ga . ct . app . 1994 ) ) ) .
complementary acquisitions such as this support 3m’s growth strategy to expand its core adhesives business . “the addition of chemence’s industrial adhesives , sold under the rite - lok brand , broadens our robust industrial adhesives product portfolio , ” said patrick deconinck , division vice president , industrial adhesives and tapes division . “the widely recognized rite - lok brand complements 3m’s product line and expands the depth and breadth of our offering in the area of specialty structural adhesives . ”
as one of the world ' s premier leaders in liquid photopolymer chemence strategically aligned itself with the most advanced technological leader in rip software , creating a powerful ps6 krylex ® edition package capable of producing high end film negatives or positives in a chemical free production environment . our vast experience in the screen and flexo industry combined with the software manufacturer’s unique mim technology produces maximum production reliability with consistent processing of composite pdf and separated pdf files ( pdf x - 1a ) .
the chemence parties acknowledge there was an oral agreement with quinn but contend that agreement was unenforceable under georgia ' s statute of frauds . see o . c . g . a . § 13 - 5 - 30 . their argument consists primarily of two points . first , quinn argued at trial that the oral agreement included the terms of his prior written agreement with cmpi . according to the chemence parties , some of those terms could not have been performed within one year . see id . § 13 - 5 - 30 ( 5 ) ( statute of frauds applies to “ [ a ] ny agreement that is not to be performed within one year from the making thereof” ) . second , the chemence parties insist quinn cannot avail himself of the part performance exception to the statute of frauds because his actions must have been both “consistent with the presence of [ the alleged oral ] contract and inconsistent with the [ absence ] of [ it ] . ” morgan v . am . ins . managers , inc . , 521 s . e . 2d 676 , 678 ( ga . ct . app . 1999 ) ( quotation omitted ) ; see o . c . g . a . § 13 - 5 - 31 ( 3 ) ( statute of frauds does not apply “ [ w ] here there has been such part performance of the contract as would render it a fraud of the party refusing to comply if the court did not compel a performance” ) .
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organic dyes or closely - related compounds for producing dyes , e . g . pigments ; mordants ; lakes
dyestuff salts , e . g . salts of acid dyes with basic dyes of cationic dyes with organic acids or with inorganic complex acids
a cyanoacrylate - based adhesive composition is disclosed . the cyanoacrylate - based adhesive composition includes a cyanoacrylate monomer , and a bleachable dye including a michler ' s hydrol cation or derivatized michler ' s hydrol cation , paired with a non - nucleophilic anion that provides a stable color to the cyanoacrylate - based adhesive .
this application claims the benefit of u . s . provisional patent application ser . no . 60 / 824 , 970 , filed on sep . 8 , 2006 , which is incorporated by reference herein .
the present disclosure relates generally to color change cyanoacrylate adhesives and methods of using the same .
cyanoacrylate adhesives , also known as “super glues , ” are a versatile family of adhesives known to cure in seconds and provide strong adhesion to a wide variety of surfaces . in spite of these noteworthy attributes , several issues exist that limit the popularity of this adhesive class with consumers .
one issue with cyanoacrylate adhesives is that these adhesives bond instantly with skin . this issue is compounded by the fact that cyanoacrylate adhesives are usually colorless and difficult to observe when applied to a substrate . the inability of the end - user to observe where the adhesive is ( or is not ) , as well as whether the adhesive is cured , often leads to unintended bonding of skin to itself or other substrates .
some cyanoacrylate adhesives are lightly tinted to provide the end - user some ability to discriminate where the adhesive has and has not been applied . however , these color tints are often so light that a thinly applied adhesive layer is not perceptible . increasing the intensity of color tint so that the thinly applied adhesive layer is perceptible , results in the cured adhesive remaining visible on the completed project which may be objectionable to the consumer .
in an exemplary implementation , cyanoacrylate - based adhesive compositions are disclosed that include a cyanoacrylate monomer and a bleachable dye such as , for example , a michler ' s hydrol cation or michler ' s hydrol cation derivative , that provides a stable color to the uncured cyanoacrylate - based adhesive when paired with a non - nucleophilic anion .
in another exemplary implementation , the method includes combining an appropriately stabilized cyanoacrylate monomer with a bleachable dye such as , for example , a michler ' s hydrol cation or derivatized michler ' s hydrol cation paired with a non - nucleophilic anion to form a dye pair . the stabilized cyanoacrylate monomer and dye pair forms a cyanoacrylate - based adhesive composition . the dye pair provides a stable color to the cyanoacrylate - based adhesive composition .
these and other aspects of the adhesives according to the subject invention will become readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art from the following detailed description together with the examples .
accordingly , the present disclosure is directed to color change cyanoacrylate adhesives and methods of using the same . in particular , the cyanoacrylate adhesive is colored in the uncured state and becomes colorless or light - colored upon cure . in another embodiment , the cyanoacrylate adhesive is a first color in the uncured state and changes to a second color upon cure . these color change adhesives can allow the end - user to easily observe the lay of the adhesive as it is dispensed , and additionally , affords a means of visually assessing uniformity of bond lines , as well as determining where excess adhesive has been applied . these color change adhesives can allow the end - user a means of indicating the state - of - the - cure of the adhesive . in one example , if during the gluing operation the adhesive is colored , it is not cured , and accordingly , when said adhesive is fully cured , it is colorless or lightly colored . normally if exposed adhesive is colorless or lightly colored it is sufficiently cured so that it may be touched without fear of bonding to the skin . while the present invention is not so limited , an appreciation of various aspects of the invention will be gained through a discussion of the examples provided below .
unless otherwise indicated , all numbers expressing feature sizes , amounts , and physical properties used in the specification and claims are to be understood as being modified in all instances by the term “about . ” accordingly , unless indicated to the contrary , the numerical parameters set forth in the following specification and attached claims are approximations that all variation depending upon the desirable properties sought to be obtained by those skilled in the art utilizing the teachings disclosed herein .
the recitation of numerical ranges by endpoints includes all numbers subsumed within that range ( e . g . 1 to 5 includes 1 , 1 . 5 , 2 , 2 . 75 , 3 , 3 . 80 , 4 , and 5 ) and any range within that range .
as used in this specification and the appended claims , the singular forms “a” , “an” , and “the” encompass embodiments having plural referents , unless the content clearly dictates otherwise . as used in this specification and the appended claims , the term “or” is generally employed in its sense including “and / or” unless the content clearly dictates otherwise .
the term “polymer” will be understood to include polymers , copolymers ( e . g . , polymers formed using two or more different monomers ) , oligomers and combinations thereof , as well as polymers , oligomers , or copolymers that can be formed in a miscible blend .
the term “alkyl” refers to a straight or branched chain monovalent hydrocarbon radical optionally containing one or more heteroatomic substitutions independently selected from s , o , si , or n . alkyl groups generally include those with one to twenty atoms or from one to ten atoms . alkyl groups may be unsubstituted or substituted with those substituents that do not interfere with the specified function of the composition . substituents include alkoxy , hydroxy , mercapto , amino , alkyl substituted amino , or halo , for example . examples of “alkyl” as used herein include , but are not limited to , methyl , ethyl , n - propyl , n - butyl , n - pentyl , isobutyl , and isopropyl , and the like .
the phrase “stable color” will be understood to mean that a color or color intensity that visually persists for at least 14 days as measured by the test method described in the examples herein . for example , a flowable cyanoacrylate adhesive is said to possess a “stable color” if the color or color intensity ( e . g . , blue color ) visually persists for at least 14 days in a sealed container . in some embodiments , the samples remain usefully colored for a period of at least six months , or at least 1 year , or at least 2 years .
unlike conventional ph indicators which are sequentially reversible , i . e . , reversing color upon sequential exposure alternately to acid and to base , the bleachable dyes of the present invention tend to bleach irreversibly when formulated in color change cyanoacrylate compositions .
the cyanoacrylate - based adhesive composition described herein includes a cyanoacrylate monomer and a bleachable dye cation paired with a non - nucleophilic anion that provides the bleachable dye with a stable color . as this cyanoacrylate - based adhesive cures , it becomes colorless or lightly colored . in many embodiments , the bleachable dye cation paired with a non - nucleophilic anion is blended with the cyanoacrylate monomer prior to being applied to a substrate . in some embodiments , the bleachable dye cation paired with a non - nucleophilic anion is not blended with the cyanoacrylate monomer before the cyanoacrylate monomer is disposed on a substrate . in these embodiments , the bleachable dye cation paired with a non - nucleophilic anion can be disposed on the substrate and then the cyanoacrylate monomer is disposed on the bleachable dye cation paired with a non - nucleophilic anion .
the bleachable dye cation or cations can be chosen to produce any color , as desired . in many embodiments , the bleachable dye cation produces a blue or deep blue color . in many embodiments , the bleachable dye cation is formed from a michler ' s hydrol ( i . e . , 4 , 4′ - bis ( dimethylamino ) benzhydrol ) or a derivative thereof .
michler ' s hydrol or 4 , 4′ - bis ( dimethylamino ) benzhydrol ) is commercially available ( from sigma - aldrich , st . louis , mo . 63103 ) and has the following chemical structure :
michler ' s hydrol is a dye base and is colorless in its free ( pure ) form , and because this dye base by virtue of its amine substituents is nucleophilic , and as such will cause immediate polymerization of cyanoacrylate monomer , it is acidified prior to introduction into the cyanoacrylate described herein . when acidified , michler ' s hydrol cation provides a blue ( cyan ) color : the color intensity varying with the acidified dye concentration . selection of the appropriate acid stabilizer or non - nucleophilic anion to maintain dye ( color ) stability upon aging is described below . while not being bound by any particular theory , it is believed that michler ' s hydrol cation is a dye that is degraded ( e . g . , bleached ) concomitant with curing of the cyanoacrylate adhesive composition .
derivatized michler ' s hydrol can be used for the bleachable dye cation . useful derivatized michler ' s hydrols include , for example , the following molecules :
( it is believed that this compound is converted by proton addition to the methylene group into the same bleachable dye cation as provided by the preceding structure . )
these michler ' s hydrol derivatives are either commercially available or described in u . s . pat . nos . or publication nos . 4 , 407 , 960 ; 3 , 874 , 884 ; 3 , 856 , 552 ; 4 , 006 , 018 ; 3 , 646 , 135 ; and 2005 - 1488010 , all of which are incorporated by reference herein .
the bleachable dye cation can be present in the cyanoacrylate adhesive in any useful amount . in many embodiments , the bleachable dye cation can be present in the cyanoacrylate adhesive in an amount from 1 ppm or greater , or 10 ppm or greater , or 50 ppm or greater , or 100 ppm or greater , or 250 ppm or greater , or 500 ppm or greater , or 1000 ppm or greater . in some embodiments , the bleachable dye cation can be present in the cyanoacrylate adhesive in an amount from 1 ppm to 1000 ppm , or from 10 to 500 ppm , or from 1 to 100 ppm .
the hammett acidity function is applied to pure or nearly pure acids , a situation extremely different from the use in solution in a cyanoacrylate monomer . it is appropriate therefore to evaluate acid strengths in a polar organic solvent by a means analogous to ordinary aqueous buffer systems , which depend on the strength of the acids employed .
anhydrous “sulfolane” ( tetramethylene sulfone ; tetrahydrothiophene - 1 , 1 - dioxide ; cas rn 126 - 33 - 0 ) , is an acid - inert non - dissociating good solvent of high dielectric constant , 44 , ( e . m . arnett & c . f . douty , j . amer . chem . soc . , 86 409 ( 1964 ) ) , and has the further advantage that the melting point is a sensitive measure of its water content ( r . l . burwell jr & c . h . langford , j . amer . chem . soc . , 81 3799 ( 1959 ) ) . although requiring rigorous purification to remove traces of water , and impurities that are severely discolored by strong acids , it does appear to yield simple buffer and color - indicator equilibria .
therefore we create the non - aqueous analog of the common buffer system by combining equimolar amounts of a very strong acid and its salt in anhydrous sulfolane , and evaluate the buffered acid ' s strength by means of an acidity indicator , i . ( for such an aqueous 1 : 1 buffer the aqueous ph is equal to the pk a for the aqueous acid . ) the procedure to conduct such measurements is described in detail in the test methods section of this disclosure . strength of an acid buffer of any composition may for simplicity be expressed by means of the ratio of molar extinction coefficients , ∈ , and ∈ * , where ∈ is the molar extinction coefficient of an acidity indicator , i , in the acid - free solvent , sulfolane , and ∈ * is the apparent molar extinction coefficient of that acidity indicator in a buffered test solution ( as described in the test methods section ) according to the following equations : extinction ratio = ∈ * / ∈═ n and ( ∈−∈ * ) / ∈ = c = ( 1− n )
for an equimolar ( 1 : 1 ) buffer , for which the strength ratio , e = ( ∈−∈ * ) / ∈ ( for a specified acidity indicator , i ) , e expresses the strength of the acid itself . to exhibit this relative to the strength of the conjugate acid , ih + , of the acidity indicator it is convenient to use the familiar negative logarithmic form : pa = −log ( e / n ) = + log ( n / e ) .
given a “pk i ” for the ( conjugate acid ) strength of an acidity indicator , the strength of a buffer ' s acid on that scale becomes “pk a ” , where “pk a ” = “pk i ” + pa . such a single self - consistent scale is provided computationally for all of the acidity indicators as described under indicators in the test methods section .
for a workable carbon - acid the strength ratio , e , defined as ( ∈−∈ * ) / ∈ , for a chosen 1 : 1 buffer system in the sulfolane solvent described above , is greater than 0 . 1 ( corresponding to “pk a ” < + 2 . 0 ) , preferably greater than 0 . 25 ( corresponding to “pk a ” < + 1 . 5 ) when the indicator i is 4 - methoxy - 2 - nitroaniline . for a workable non - carbon - acid , for example an oxyacid , the acid strength ratio e , as measured in the sulfolane solvent described above , is greater than 0 . 2 , preferably greater than 0 . 5 ( corresponding to “pk a ” < −1 . 0 ) , when the indicator is 4 - chloro - 2 - nitroaniline , or more preferably greater than 0 . 50 ( corresponding to “pk a ” < −2 . 3 ) when the indicator is 2 - chloro - 6 - nitroaniline , or even more preferably greater than 0 . 5 ( corresponding to “pk a ” < −5 . 4 ) when the indicator is 2 , 6 - dinitroaniline . the mathematically equivalent acid strength measure , “pk a ” , applicable to all buffer ratios , is described in the test methods section . it enables the strength ratio , e , to be ascertained by means of titration .
carbon - acids differ qualitatively in being extremely much weaker than acids bearing the acidic hydrogen on , for example , oxygen or nitrogen , as is well established in the scientific literature . it is unusual for a carbon - acid to possess sufficient acid strength to be measurable using the nitrated aniline acidity indicators utilized herein . for a carbon - acid to be this strong it is necessary that its anion be non - nucleophilic . as compared to the strong non - carbon - acids which homopolymerize epoxy compounds , the observation that these relatively weaker carbon - acids also homopolymerize epoxy compounds demonstrates the comparably non - nucleophilic nature of their anions .
the non - nucleophilic anion can include an α , β - highly fluorinated or perfluorinated ( c 1 - c 8 ) alkylsulfonate anion . in further embodiments , the non - nucleophilic anions include those derived from bis ( α , β - highly fluorinated or perfluorinated - sulfonyl ) methane , tris ( α , β - highly fluorinated or perfluorinated - alkylsulfonyl ) methane , bis ( α , β - highly fluorinated or perfluorinated - alkylsulfonyl ) imide , or mixtures thereof . in yet further embodiments , the non - nucleophilic anion may be formed from trifluoromethanesulfonic acid , nonafluorobutanesulfonic acid , fluorosulfonic acid , bis ( trifluoromethanesulfonyl ) methane ( methylene disulfone ) , bis ( trifluoromethanesulfonyl ) imide ( imide acid ) , bis ( pentafluoroethanesulfonyl ) imide ( ethylimide acid ) , tris ( trifluoromethanesulfonyl ) methane ( methide acid ) , boron trifluoride bis - acetic acid , and other boron trifluoride complexes such as the etherate , methanol , propanol , and tetrahydrofuran derivatives . similar reagents that react , decompose , or hydrolyze to form any of the above recited acids are also useful . combinations of the acids from which the aforementioned non - nucleophilic anions are derived may also be useful in the practice of this invention . in some embodiments , the non - nucleophilic anion is formed from trifluoromethanesulfonic acid , methide acid , boron trifluoride methanol , boron trifluoride bis - acetic acid , imide acid , and / or ethylimide acid . in certain preferred embodiments , the non - nucleophilic anion is formed from imide acid , boron trifluoride bis - acetic acid , and / or methide acid .
the non - nucleophilic anion can be present in the cyanoacrylate adhesive in any useful amount . in many embodiments , the acid of the non - nucleophilic anion can be present in the cyanoacrylate adhesive in an acid / dye mol ratio from 1 to 5 , or from 1 to 2 . 5 . in certain embodiments , the acid of the non - nucleophilic anion can be present in the cyanoacrylate adhesive in an acid / dye mol ratio from 1 to 5 , or from 1 to 3 , or from 1 . 5 to 2 . 5 . with careful formulation , the presence of lesser amounts ( equivalents ) of certain nucleophilic anions may sometimes be tolerated .
cyanoacrylate adhesives described herein include , for example , 2 - cyanoacrylates such as , for example , methyl - 2 - cyanoacrylate , ethyl - 2 - cyanoacrylate , propyl - 2 - cyanoacrylate , isopropyl - 2 - cyanoacrylate , butyl - 2 - cyanoacrylate , isobutyl - 2 - cyanoacrylate , amyl - 2 - cyanoacrylate , hexyl - 2 - cyanoacrylate , cyclohexyl - 2 - cyanoacrylate , octyl - 2 - cyanoacrylate , 2 - ethylhexyl - 2 - cyanoacrylate , allyl - 2 - cyanoacrylate , propargyl - 2 - cyanoacrylate , phenyl - 2 - cyanoacrylate , benzyl - 2 - cyanoacrylate , methoxyethyl - 2 - cyanoacrylate , ethoxyethyl - 2 - cyanoacrylate , tetrahydrofulfuryl - 2 - cyanoacrylate , 2 - chloroethyl - 2 - cyanoacrylate , 3 - chloropropyl - 2 - cyanoacrylate , 2 - chlorobutyl - 2 - cyanoacrylate , 2 , 2 , 2 - trifluoroethyl - 2 - cyanoacrylate , hexafluoroisopropyl - 2 - cyanoacrylate , and / or the like . in many embodiments , these reactants are substantially / effectively anhydrous .
the cyanoacrylate - based adhesive compositions described herein are liquid or gels ( if a sufficient amount of thickener is combined ) prior to curing . in many embodiments , the liquid or flowable cyanoacrylate - based adhesive compositions have a viscosity in a range from 1 to 5000 cp , as desired .
the color change 2 - cyanoacrylate - based adhesive composition described herein can optionally include an additional colorant , a radical polymerization stabilizer , a thickener , a curing accelerator , a crosslinker , a plasticizer and / or a thixotropic agent , as desired . desirably all additives should be substantially anhydrous and free of nucleophilic compounds that may be deleterious to the bleachable color stability , the viscosity stability or both . furthermore , the selection of the acidic compounds influence curing speed and product life of 2 - cyanoacrylate - based compositions . thus , selection of their suitable amounts to be added and combination can be determined by taking into account target curing performance , product life , color change performance and various other aspects .