commercial bank of africa ( cba ) is a financial services provider headquartered in nairobi , kenya , the largest economy in the east african community .

cba is licensed by the central bank of kenya , the central bank and national banking regulator .

commercial bank of africa

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glassdoor has 7 interview reports and interview questions from people who interviewed for jobs at commercial bank of africa . interview reviews are posted anonymously by commercial bank of africa interview candidates and employees .
• african banking corporation ltd . • jamii bora bank ltd . • commercial bank of africa ltd . • co - operative bank of kenya ltd . • credit bank ltd . • charterhouse bank ltd . • chase bank ( k ) ltd . • dubai bank kenya ltd • equatorial commercial bank ltd . • equity bank ltd . • family bank ltd . • fidelity commercial bank ltd . • fina bank ltd . • giro commercial bank ltd . • guardian bank ltd . • imperial bank ltd . • investment & mortgages bank ltd . • middle east bank ( k ) ltd . • nic bank ltd . • oriental commercial bank ltd . • paramount universal bank ltd . • prime bank ltd . • trans - national bank ltd . • victoria commercial bank ltd .
glassdoor gives you an inside look at what it ' s like to work at commercial bank of africa , including salaries , reviews , office photos , and more . this is the commercial bank of africa company profile . all content is posted anonymously by employees working at commercial bank of africa .
i applied online . i interviewed at commercial bank of africa ( nairobi ( kenya ) ) in january 2013 .
the credit rating / s has been disclosed to commercial bank of africa limited with no contestation of the rating / s .
• consolidated bank of kenya ltd . • development bank of kenya ltd . • housing finance ltd . • kenya commercial bank ltd . • national bank of kenya ltd . • cfc stanbic bank ltd .
i applied in - person . i interviewed at commercial bank of africa ( nairobi ( kenya ) ) in september 2014 .
• barclays bank of kenya ltd . • cfc stanbic bank ltd . • equity bank ltd . • housing finance ltd . • kenya commercial bank ltd . • nic bank ltd . • standard chartered bank ( k ) ltd . • diamond trust bank kenya ltd • national bank of kenya • co - operative bank of kenya ltd
kenya - based commercial bank of africa ( cba ) has unveiled its mobile - based banking service as it targets millennial entrepreneurs .
iii ) foreign owned but locally incorporated institutions • bank of africa ( k ) ltd . • uba kenya bank limited
bank of uganda has granted commercial bank of africa ( cba ) a licence to operate thus becoming the 25th commercial bank in the country . the kenyan owned bank returns to uganda after 47 - years since it was forced to close business because of the political instability in the country at that time .
plans and procedures for acquisition of crane bank rwanda by commercial bank of africa ( cba ) are at an advanced stage with the deal expected to be completed in coming days .
interview candidates at commercial bank of africa rate the interview process an overall positive experience . interview candidates say the interview experience difficulty for commercial bank of africa is average . some recently asked commercial bank of africa interview questions were ,
outline the functions of central bank , how to check for the validity of a cheque , and personal questions regarding your former work experience .
and
tell us about your weakness
. 71 % of the interview applicants applied online .
i applied online . the process took 3 days . i interviewed at commercial bank of africa ( nairobi ( kenya ) ) in march 2015 .
i applied online . the process took 3 days . i interviewed at commercial bank of africa ( nairobi ( kenya ) ) in january 2015 .
global credit ratings co . ( gcr ) - gcr accords an a + ( ke ) rating to commercial bank of africa limited ; outlook stable
commercial bank of africa ltd ( cba ) is the largest privately owned bank in east africa and has been operating for over 50 years . cba was founded in tanzania and branches were set up in kenya and uganda shortly thereafter .
i applied online . the process took 2 weeks . i interviewed at commercial bank of africa ( nairobi hill ( kenya ) ) in april 2015 .
contacts : bank of zambia bank ro buteko avenue p . o box 71511 ndola
i applied in - person . the process took 4 weeks . i interviewed at commercial bank of africa ( nairobi ( kenya ) ) in march 2013 .
contacts : bank of zambia bank square cairo road p . o . box 30080 lusaka
ii ) foreign owned but locally incorporated institutions ( partly owned by locals ) • bank of baroda ( k ) ltd . • barclays bank of kenya ltd . • diamond trust bank kenya ltd . • k - rep bank ltd . • standard chartered bank ( k ) ltd . • ecobank ltd • gulf africa bank ( k ) ltd • first community bank
nairobi — - the commercial bank of africa ( cba ) will as of wednesday next week adjust its interest rates on new and existing loans to a maximum of 12 . 9 per cent .
i applied online . the process took 2 + months . i interviewed at commercial bank of africa ( dar es salaam , dar es salaam ( tanzania ) ) in september 2016 .
the sale of crane bank rwanda comes months after the parent firm , crane bank , was sold to dfcu bank , both based in uganda .
the board of directors of the african development bank has approved a us $ 90 - million financial package comprising a us $ 50 - million line of credit and us $ 40 - million trade finance line of credit to commercial bank of africa limited ( cba ) , kenya .
kenya ' s commercial bank of africa ( cba ) has signed up more than 600 , 000 subscribers in uganda on its mobile - banking equivalent of the m - shwari less than two months after launch .
commercial bank of africa limited participated in the rating process via face - to - face management meetings and other written correspondence . furthermore , the quality of information received was considered adequate and has been independently verified where possible .
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this entry provides the annualized interest rate a country ' s central bank charges commercial , depository banks for loans to meet temporary shortages of funds .
i ) foreign owned not locally incorporated • bank of india • citibank n . a . kenya • habib bank a . g . zurich • habib bank ltd .
watch , listen and click through the latest videos , podcasts and slideshows highlighting the world bank’s work in sub - saharan africa .
land bank is working to transform the agricultural sector in south africa by providing sustainable financing to emerging farmers as well as facilitating partnerships with established commercial farmers for technical support and the transfer of skills . watch the video below to find out more :
cba began as a subsidiary of societe financiere pour les pays d’outre mer ( sfom ) , a swiss - based consortium bank . other consortium members included bank of america , dresdnen bank ( now commerzbank ) , bank bruxelles lambert and banque national de paris .
the capitalisation challenges at crane bank uganda and consequent takeover of the management by uganda ' s central bank did not have direct effect on its rwandan subsidiary , officials from the national bank of rwanda say .
he explained that the central bank is not usually involved in the negotiation and sale of a bank when it is not under receivership .
the kenyatta family is one of the wealthiest families in africa . apart from their holdings in brookside , they own extensive land holdings across kenya , as well as controlling stakes in heritage hotels , media firm mediamax and commercial bank of africa . in 2011 , president uhuru kenyatta featured in forbes’ inaugural ranking of africa’s richest people with a fortune we estimated at $ 500 million but was dropped off subsequent lists because of new information regarding the complex distribution of business assets among the kenyatta family members .
this transaction is well aligned with afdb’s ten year strategy 2013 - 2022 , as well as the bank’s high 5 strategic priorities , including industrialize africa , integrate africa , feed africa and improve the quality of life for the people of africa . it will help to increase enterprise development and competitiveness through expansion of the economic base . this will be made possible by enhancing access to financial services and expanding access to social and economic infrastructure , which will thus contribute to inclusive growth .
johannesburg , 1 july 2015—global credit ratings has today assigned national scale ratings to commercial bank of africa limited of a + ( ke ) and a1 ( ke ) in the long term and short term respectively ; with the outlook accorded as stable . the rating ( s ) are valid until june / 2016 .
akiba commercial bank was founded in 1993 , at a time when tanzania ' s banks were not meeting the financial needs of micro - and small - business owners . in 1997 , akiba received its operating license and formally launched operations . today , akiba is a full - service , commercial bank in the tanzanian capital city , dar es salaam and has branches in other cities in the country .
a number of local banks had expressed interest in crane bank rwanda , which has two branches in the country . the bank began operations in the country in 2014 .
unification of exchange rates between the official and inter - bank markets and resolution of the multiple currency problems .
the bank says it has based its rate on the kenya bank reference rate ( kbrr ) in compliance with the banking amendment act signed into law last month .
land bank is a specialist agricultural bank guided by a government mandate to provide financial services to the commercial farming sector and to agri - business and to make available new , appropriately designed financial products that would facilitate access to finance by new entrants to agriculture from historically disadvantaged backgrounds . today , the bank is a true south african development finance institution that serves all farmers equally
mugambi adds that the launch of cba loop also sees the bank move to “cba 2 . 0” .
to operate in the country , a micro - finance bank is supposed to have a minimal capital requirement of rwf1 . 5 billion , while a fully - fledged bank requires rwf5 billion .
akiba commercial bank acb - amani place , ohio street , p . o . box 669 , dar es salaam , tanzania tel : + 255 22 2118340 / 3 fax : + 255 22 2114173 email : md @ urltoken
this entry provides a simple average of annualized interest rates commercial banks charge on new loans , denominated in the national currency , to their most credit - worthy customers .
the world bank group has established strong partnerships for knowledge and resources with other development partners , researchers , and agencies that contribute to kenya’s development . these include the european union , the european investment bank , the african development bank , frances agence française de développement , united kingdom department for international development , the german development bank , the japan international cooperation agency , and china .
the central bank of kenya has released the report of the market perceptions survey of may 2018 . the survey is conducted every two months , prior to every monetary policy committee meeting , to obtain the expectations of banks and non - bank private sector firms on . . .
ida , the world bank’s fund for the poorest , contributes nearly 50 % of its funds to 39 african countries .
so there was a familiar ring to the announcement on january 29th that icbc would buy a 60 % share of standard bank plc , a london - based entity that trades currencies , commodities , stocks and bonds . its parent in south africa had found it hard to make the operation profitable . costs had been cut ; what was needed was revenue to justify them . a bank with icbc’s bulk might be able to make a go of the business . the sale price will depend on an audit of the london division but may be around $ 750m . standard bank will use the deal’s proceeds to add to its capital again and extend its reach in africa .
mr odeke noted that businesses coming from the east africa community market and increasing natural resources discoveries in the region will be grounds for them to exploit .
a rich colour palette was incorporated of browns , bright greens and deep red , as per the bank ' s brand colours .
outline the functions of central bank , how to check for the validity of a cheque , and personal questions regarding your former work experience . answer question
yet the match—the biggest foreign investment by a chinese firm at the time—has not quite lived up to expectations . revenues that could clearly be credited to it seemed slow in coming ; then standard bank gave up looking for them . in spite of the growing chinese presence in africa , standard bank never secured the fees and bragging rights that arranging a chinese takeover of an african firm or a big infrastructure investment would have brought .
the central bank of kenya ( cbk ) celebrated its 50 years of existence and service to the nation of kenya in september 2016 . these celebrations entailed the cbk’s involvement in a number of activities .
shareholders may still be thankful for the tie - up , however , even if the benefits were not those that had originally been expected . much of the $ 5 . 5 billion proceeds was set aside to strengthen standard bank’s capital , which proved handy when the global banking crisis struck a few months later . when standard bank subsequently decided to curb its ambitions outside africa , icbc helped its restructuring . for instance , it paid a handsome price for standard bank’s business in argentina , says chris steward of investec asset management in cape town .
returning at time when the country has more than 20 commercial banks , mr odeke said the bank is ready to face up to the competition . “we have enough capital to take on big deals , meaning we are ready to handle corporate , small and medium enterprises , all of which need big capital , ” mr odeke added .
in 1980 , bank of america bought out all of sfom’s partners and restructured cba to mirror their own systems and disciplines before selling its majority shares to local investors .
he went on to add : “this plays in to cba’s vision of being a respected and significant financial services business partner in africa . cba believes in creating lasting partnerships that enhance economic growth . ”
the bank partnered with telecom service provider mtn - rwanda to roll out a mobile telephone - linked banking product , mokash .
asked about the development , central bank governor john rwangombwa said they were awaiting official communication on the development from the seller .
the bank is pitching its idea with the “unbank yourself” tagline – as it goes for the trendy and very popular offering of non - traditional banking .
the central bank of kenya staff successfully hiked mount kilimanjaro on june 4 - 11 , 2017 , to raise funds in support of st . kizito’s school for the deaf , litein .
akiba ' s vision is to be the tanzanian bank of choice in the provision of financial services to micro - , small - and medium - sized enterprises . to realize this vision , the bank’s mission is to provide appropriate microfinance services in the most efficient and sustainable manner while simultaneously embracing the social and environmental interests of all its stakeholders .
solicitations to transfer large sums of money to your bank account : if you receive a solicitation to transfer a large amount of money from an african nation to your bank account in exchange for a payment of millions of dollars , go to the us secret service web site for information about the nigerian advance fee fraud or
4 - 1 - 9
fraud scheme .
the privately - held bank said the mokash platform had already mobilised about ush3 . 3 billion ( sh99 million ) in cheap deposits .
manpower development : mr . graham william keep was appointed the first and the only expatriate deputy governor of central bank of nigeria , from january 27 , 1959 to january 26 , 1962 .
the legal backing for monetary policy by the bank derives from the various statutes of the bank such as the cbn act of 1958 as amended in cbn decree no . 24 of 1991 , cbn decree amendments 1993 , no . 3 of 1997 , no . 4 of 1997 , no . 37 of 1998 , no . 38 of 1998 , 1999 and cbn act of 2007 . section 12 sub - sections ( 1 ) to ( 5 ) , cbn act of 2007 ( ammended ) in order to facilitate the attainment of price stability and to support the economic policy of the federal government , there shall be a committee of the bank known as the monetary policy committee ( in this act referred to as
the mpc
)
the macroeconomic and financial management institute of eastern and southern africa ( mefmi ) is inviting proposals from firms or individual consultants to conduct an organizational structure review and workload analysis for the mefmi secretariat . the deadline for . . .
cba ' s acquisition of crane bank rwanda could see it transition from a micro - finance facility to a fully - fledged financial institution and venture into retail banking .
politicians and government officials need to look beyond the traditional development banking model if they hope to make an impact on the scale needed to drag their countries out of poverty ( or at least stagnation ) . development bank architects should design development banks based on successful role models – like the china development bank – instead of proven failures .
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the central bank of kenya is responsible for formulating monetary policy to achieve and maintain price stability . the central bank also promotes financial stability ; an effective and efficient payment , clearing and settlement system ; formulates and implements foreign exchange policies ; holds and manages foreign exchange reserves ; issuing of currency ; and is the banker for , adviser to and fiscal agent of the government .
kenya has the potential to be one of africa’s success stories from its growing youthful population , a dynamic private sector , highly skilled workforce , improved infrastructure , a new constitution , and its pivotal role in east africa . addressing the challenges of poverty , inequality , governance , the skills gap between market requirements and the education curriculum , climate change , low investment and low firm productivity to achieve rapid , sustained growth rates that will transform lives of ordinary citizens , will be a major goal for kenya .
mr . armitage is a chartered accountant with considerable experience in agricultural finance and property development . he is a director of several companies operating in kenya and east africa region including brookside dairy limited , heritage holdings ltd and green park investments ltd .
the world bank’s work in kenya supports the government’s vision 2030 development strategy , which aims to accelerate sustainable growth , reduce inequality , and manage resource scarcity .
the world bank group works in every major area of development . we provide a wide array of financial products and technical assistance , and we help countries share and apply innovative knowledge and solutions to the challenges they face .
the move runs against the fundamentals of kenya ' s growth model : kenya has been able to maintain such high rates of real gdp growth which are now almost twice the average in sub - saharan africa precisely because it relies on investment as opposed to consumption or exports ,
he said .
this entry lists a country ' s mineral , petroleum , hydropower , and other resources of commercial importance , such as rare earth elements ( rees ) . in general , products appear only if they make a significant contribution to the economy , or are likely to do so in the future .
the bank’s plan was to raise sh8 billion over a two - year period beginning with sh5 billion as the first tranche in november 26 , 2014 and the remainder by the end of june 2015 .
mr . kenyatta is a leading entrepreneur , businessman and director of several companies within the eastern africa region including brookside dairy ltd , heritage holdings ltd , kenya dairy board and timsales holding ltd . he is a graduate of williams college , massachusetts , in the usa holding an economics and political science degree .
cba uganda has secured a total of $ 18 . 2 million ( shs45 . 4 billion ) inclusive of the shs25 billion minimum balance required by the central bank to set - off business . he , however , added that the bank will be able to do this through delivering a number of unique products to their customers like those ugandans living in the diaspora will be able to transact wherever they are based with convenience and at a cheaper cost .
in 2008 , akiba and accion entered into a management agreement to deploy accion microfinance experts at the helm of the bank ' s microfinance operations . the ultimate goal of the partnership is to expand akiba beyond its current footprint of branches in dar es salaam , arusha and moshi to reach thousands of microentrepreneurs across tanzania .
accion also capitalized akiba with a u . s . $ 2 . 5 million amounting to a 20 % stake in the bank through which accion also was eligible for two board seats through which it contributes to the governance quality at the bank . . the majority of akiba ' s shares are owned by individual tanzanians . international partners include accion , triodos , fmo , sidi and incofin .
asset quality refers primarily to the credit quality of a bank’s earning assets , the bulk of which comprises its loan portfolio , but will also include its investment portfolio as well as off balance sheet items . quality in this context means the degree to which the loans that the bank has extended are performing ( i . e . being paid back in accordance with their terms ) and the likelihood that they will continue to perform .
the central bank of nigeria development finance initiatives involve the formulation and implementation of various policies , innovation of appropriate products and creation of enabling environment for financial institutions to deliver services in an effective , efficient and sustainable manner . the initiatives are mainly targeted at agricultural sector , rural development and micro , small and medium enterprises .
allafrica is a voice of , by and about africa - aggregating , producing and distributing 800 news and information items daily from over 140 african news organizations and our own reporters to an african and global public . we operate from cape town , dakar , abuja , monrovia , nairobi and washington dc .
cba sets a new precedent as other banks that have lowered their rates have used the central bank rate ( cbr ) that is currently at 10 . 5 per cent as their benchmark .
in an interview with the daily monitor , cba uganda’s chief executive officer samuel odeke said : “we received our official license to operate from bank of uganda early this month and we are soon opening to the ugandan market . ”
all this might make icbc seem more sugar daddy than strategic partner . yet the top brass at standard bank insist the deal marks a genuine deepening of ties . standard bank retains a stake so it can give its corporate customers access to the things the division trades , especially foreign exchange . but as majority owner icbc will have a strong incentive to steer some of its 4 . 6m corporate customers to its london outpost . “this will catapult us forward , ” says david munro , boss of standard bank’s corporate and investment - banking division . london’s hopes of becoming an offshore hub for trading the renminbi may explain why icbc secured an option to buy a further 20 % stake in the venture in a few years .
strands as a long - term partner , not simply a solutions provider , affords banks like cba , who have long been at the forefront of banking innovation in africa , the tools to offer their customers a holistic banking service , a financial education and a more than valid reason to choose them over the competition .
the central bank of kenya has issued the credit officer survey report for the quarter ended march 2018 . the credit survey is undertaken on a quarterly basis to monitor trends in credit standards in the kenyan banking industry . read . . .
an asset deposited or pledged as a guarantee of the fulfilment of an undertaking or the repayment of a loan , to be forfeited in case of default .
this entry gives an estimate of the number of adults and children who died of aids during a given calendar year .
kenya’s largest privately owned bank , cba group , has listed its maiden medium term note in the nairobi securities exchange ( fixed income market segment ) as it seeks accelerate its pan - african growth agenda .
a summary of all the expenditure and income of a company over a set period .
the kenya power and lighting corporation , with support from a multi - faceted partnership with the world bank has connected 1 , 000 , 000 households in informal settlements across the country , benefiting 5 , 000 , 000 people .
“we do not charge interest , ” mr awuondo said in an interview with the business daily . the minimum loan issued is ush3 , 000 ( sh90 ) capped at ush1 million ( sh29 , 900 ) , the bank said .
while economic activity faltered following the 2008 global economic recession , growth resumed in the last three years reaching 5 . 8 % in 2016 placing kenya as one of the fastest growing economies in sub - saharan africa . the economic expansion has been boosted by a stable macroeconomic environment , low oil prices , rebound in tourism , strong remittance inflows and a government led infrastructure development initiative .
nse chairman , mr . eddy njoroge reiterated these remarks by adding “we congratulate cba and look forward to the day when the bank and indeed the group will list their shares on the nairobi securities exchange . we urge firms in the banking and insurance sectors to follow the example of the bank to also use the capital markets to enable them meet their regulatory obligations . as we consolidate our financial services regulators , listed firms particularly those whose services encompass insurance , banking and other financial services should find it easier to comply” .
this entry is the total quantity of credit , denominated in the domestic currency , provided by financial institutions to the central bank , state and local governments , public non - financial corporations , and the private sector . the national currency units have been converted to us dollars at the closing exchange rate on the date of the information .
with 189 member countries , staff from more 170 countries , and offices in over 130 locations , the world bank group is a unique global partnership : five institutions working for sustainable solutions that reduce poverty and build shared prosperity in developing countries .
this entry provides a rank ordering of industries starting with the largest by value of annual output .
this entry gives the number of square kilometers of land area that is artificially supplied with water .
this entry gives the cumulative us dollar value of all investments in the home country made directly by residents - primarily companies - of other countries as of the end of the time period indicated . direct investment excludes investment through purchase of shares .
as a result of the over subscription , cba exercised the green shoe option of sh2 billion .
cba’s key strategic objective is to acquire , maintain and grow market share , so as to become an integrated regional financial services provider . the bank therefore , intends to extend its presence in kenya , uganda and tanzania in which it already has operations .
this entry gives the cumulative us dollar value of all investments in foreign countries made directly by residents - primarily companies - of the home country , as of the end of the time period indicated . direct investment excludes investment through purchase of shares .
the central bank of kenya governor patrick njoroge is on record acknowledging that this is too high but he did not advocate for an interest rate peg as it will bring about rigidity in the financial system and may introduce a lot of shadow banking and shylocks as people who can ' t access credit from the banks due to their low credit quality are priced out of the market ,
he revealed .
this entry gives the total length of navigable rivers , canals , and other inland bodies of water .
naira notes and coins are printed / minted by the nigerian security printing and minting plc ( nspm ) plc and other overseas printing / minting companies and issued by the central bank of nigeria ( cbn ) . at the currency printing works of the nspm plc , quality is meticulously controlled throughout every process of currency production . this guarantees that every note issued meets the required standard . the cbn maintains an office called mint inspectorate in the premises of the nspm plc to maintain security and quality of naira notes and coins .
this entry gives the total number of mobile cellular telephone subscribers , as well as the number of subscriptions per 100 inhabitants . note that because of the ubiquity of mobile phone use in developed countries , the number of subscriptions per 100 inhabitants can exceed 100 .
this entry provides two measures of the degree of urbanization of a population . the first , urban population , describes the percentage of the total population living in urban areas , as defined by the country . the second , rate of urbanization , describes the projected average rate of change of the size of the urban population over the given period of time . additionally , the world entry includes a list of the ten largest urban agglomerations . an urban agglomeration is defined as comprising the city or town proper and also the suburban fringe or thickly settled territory lying outside of , but adjacent to , the boundaries of the city .
mr oyatsi is an advocate of the high court of kenya and managing partner of shapely , barret & company , advocates . he is currently a non - executive director of kenolkobil limited and chairman of metropolitan life insurance kenya ltd . he was a non - executive director of capital market authority between 1999 and 2002 and of telkom kenya ltd between 1999 and 2003 .
national estimates of the percentage of the population falling below the poverty line are based on surveys of sub - groups , with the results weighted by the number of people in each group . definitions of poverty vary considerably among nations . for example , rich nations generally employ more generous standards of poverty than poor nations .
this entry measures the capacity of plants that generate electricity through radioactive decay of nuclear fuel , expressed as a share of the country ' s total generating capacity .
“last year we embarked on a journey to this growth milestone with the launch of the medium term note program in december 2014 . i am happy to report the first tranche of the medium term note program was very successful . this is an affirmation of the soundness of our strategy by the investment community and is a step in the right direction for the bank . this capital injection is crucial to our regional expansion plans , ” said cba group md isaac awuondo during the bell ringing ceremony .
mr . shah is a fellow of the association of chartered and certified accountants ( fcca ) , member of the institute of certified public accountants of kenya ( cpa k ) and the institute of certified public secretaries of kenya ( icps k ) . mr . shah is a former partner of price waterhouse , and served in various senior executive capacities within the region and in the uk . he has in - depth professional experience and knowledge of family business management , strategic planning and mergers & acquisitions gained over a period of over 39 years .
putting together big cross - border deals is not the be - all and end - all of the alliance . mr munro says standard bank’s transactions business , which encompasses payments , cash management and trade finance , has benefited greatly from the tie - up with icbc . it is a humdrum business but one which grows reliably in tandem with gdp and makes sparing use of the bank’s precious capital . even those who scoff at the slow progress made by the two banking allies do not question the rationale behind the partnership . “icbc was the right idea ; it just disappointed , ” says a rival banker . “maybe it will take 25 years to get it right . ”
economies of scale are the cost advantages of an increase in output if the fixed costs of doing so , such as those for plant and equipment , remain the same . the marginal cost , or the cost of the last unit of production , falls as output is raised .
this entry gives the total length of the road network and includes the length of the paved and unpaved portions .
this intervention will contribute to cba’s efforts to broaden access to its services , thereby reducing financing constraints faced by smes and local corporates in kenya whilst also reducing africa’s trade financing gap . the package will promote private sector development as well as support broad - based economic growth . it will also contribute to cba’s endeavors to complement the efforts of various partners such as the government of kenya’s long term development strategic agenda and vision 2030 , which seeks to revitalize the economy by developing infrastructure and improving access to affordable credit for smes that support the economic transformation of kenya’s economy to make it more resilient and diversified .
in general , information available as of january in a given year is used in the preparation of the printed edition .
this entry provides an ordered listing of ethnic groups starting with the largest and normally includes the percent of total population .
this entry gives the number of deaths of infants under one year old in a given year per 1 , 000 live births in the same year . this rate is often used as an indicator of the level of health in a country .
this entry provides a listing of the highest - valued exported products ; it sometimes includes the percent of total dollar value .
this entry provides a listing of the highest - valued imported products ; it sometimes includes the percent of total dollar value .
an opinion regarding the creditworthiness of an entity , a security or financial instrument , or an issuer of securities or financial instruments , using an established and defined ranking system of rating categories .
we have organized our business to suit the requirements of our corporate , institutional and sme customers by offering an extensive range of financial solutions which are tailored to meet the needs of our customers .
this entry gives the total number of fixed telephone lines in use , as well as the number of subscriptions per 100 inhabitants .
this entry provides a rank ordering of trading partners starting with the most important ; it sometimes includes the percent of total dollar value .
this entry is the stock of proved reserves of crude oil , in barrels ( bbl ) . proved reserves are those quantities of petroleum which , by analysis of geological and engineering data , can be estimated with a high degree of confidence to be commercially recoverable from a given date forward , from known reservoirs and under current economic conditions .
the factbook capitalizes any valid title ( or short form of it ) immediately preceding a person ' s name . a title standing alone is not capitalized . examples : president putin and president obama are chiefs of state . in russia , the president is chief of state and the premier is the head of the government , while in the us , the president is both chief of state and head of government .
the office of public affairs ( opa ) is the single point of contact for all inquiries about the central intelligence agency ( cia ) .
development financing is one of the requirements for sustainable economic growth in any economy . the supply of finance to various sectors of the economy will promote the growth of the economy in a holistic manner and this , will make development , welfare improvement to proceed at a faster rate .
this entry is the stock of proved reserves of natural gas in cubic meters ( cu m ) . proved reserves are those quantities of natural gas , which , by analysis of geological and engineering data , can be estimated with a high degree of confidence to be commercially recoverable from a given date forward , from known reservoirs and under current economic conditions .
scheduled payments made to a creditor in return for the use of borrowed money . the size of the payments will be determined by the interest rate , the amount borrowed or principal and the duration of the loan .
kenya petroleum technical assistance project ( keptap ) has supported the development of a petroleum sector master plan and the setup of a petroleum business opportunities .
the success of cba group is unmatched ; first with its revolutionary mobile banking platform , m - shwari in partnership with safaricom ltd and now the over - subscription of the first tranche of its medium term note program .
in addition , 85 settlements amounting to 14 , 450 beneficiaries have directly benefitted from interventions from enhanced of tenure . through support of the rail infrastructure ;
this entry contains the average number of years to be lived by a group of people born in the same year , if mortality at each age remains constant in the future . life expectancy at birth is also a measure of overall quality of life in a country and summarizes the mortality at all ages . it can also be thought of as indicating the potential return on investment in human capital and is necessary for the calculation of various actuarial measures .
as of december 2016 , total assets of the banking sector stood at rwf2 , 378 billion up from rwf2 , 133 billion in the previous year .
this entry provides the population of the capital and up to five major cities defined as urban agglomerations with populations of at least 750 , 000 people . an urban agglomeration is defined as comprising the city or town proper and also the suburban fringe or thickly settled territory lying outside of , but adjacent to , the boundaries of the city . for smaller countries , lacking urban centers of 750 , 000 or more , only the population of the capital is presented .
gcr affirms that a . ) no part of the rating was influenced by any other business activities of the credit rating agency ; b . ) the rating was based solely on the merits of the rated entity , security or financial instrument being rated ; and c . ) such rating was an independent evaluation of the risks and merits of the rated entity , security or financial instrument .
this entry is the total amount of carbon dioxide , measured in metric tons , released by burning fossil fuels in the process of producing and consuming energy .
this entry measures the capacity of plants that generate electricity by water - driven turbines , expressed as a share of the country ' s total generating capacity .
this entry includes a listing of significant political parties , coalitions , and electoral lists as of each country ' s last legislative election , unless otherwise noted .
qualification , tenure of office and disqualification shall be subject to the same terms as are stipulated for a director under sections 10 and 11 of this act .
the maternal mortality ratio ( mmratio ) is the annual number of female deaths per 100 , 000 live births from any cause related to or aggravated by pregnancy or its management ( excluding accidental or incidental causes ) . the mmratio includes deaths during pregnancy , childbirth , or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy , irrespective of the duration and site of the pregnancy , for a specified year .
un achievable targets . lack of bonus no motivation . senior employees make decisions downwards
this entry gives an estimate of all people ( adults and children ) alive at yearend with hiv infection , whether or not they have developed symptoms of aids .
the ratings above were solicited by , or on behalf of , the rated client , and therefore , gcr has been compensated for the provision of the ratings .
the portion of a company’s after - tax earnings that is distributed to shareholders .
as you transact online , it is important to be aware of internet fraud .
the deal’s logic is based on “our expertise and their scale” , says mr munro . that sounds a lot like the rationale given for the original tie - up . so why has that been so disappointing ? in part it is because many big chinese investments in africa are negotiated government - to - government or funnelled through state development banks , says martyn davies of frontier advisory , a research firm based in johannesburg . in part it was timing : the global financial crisis put cross - border deals on ice for a while . and in part it was because two banks with very different cultures tied the knot after a whirlwind romance and needed time to get to know each other .
this entry gives the average annual number of births during a year per 1 , 000 persons in the population at midyear ; also known as crude birth rate . the birth rate is usually the dominant factor in determining the rate of population growth . it depends on both the level of fertility and the age structure of the population .
this entry includes information on a country ' s acceptance of jurisdiction of the international court of justice ( icj ) and of the international criminal court ( icct ) ; 55 countries have accepted icj jurisdiction with reservations and 11 have accepted icj jurisdiction without reservations ; 114 countries have accepted icct jurisdiction . appendix b : international organizations and groups
this entry provides the mean ( average ) age of mothers at the birth of their first child . it is a useful indicator for gauging the success of family planning programs aiming to reduce maternal mortality , increase contraceptive use – particularly among married and unmarried adolescents , delay age at first marriage , and improve the health of newborns .
this entry gives the dollar value for the stock of all financial assets that are available to the central monetary authority for use in meeting a country ' s balance of payments needs as of the end - date of the period specified . this category includes not only foreign currency and gold , but also a country ' s holdings of special drawing rights in the international monetary fund , and its reserve position in the fund .
this entry briefly describes the type of economy , including the degree of market orientation , the level of economic development , the most important natural resources , and the unique areas of specialization . it also characterizes major economic events and policy changes in the most recent 12 months and may include a statement about one or two key future macroeconomic trends .
this category includes the entries dealing with the means for movement of people and goods .
accion partnered with akiba in early 2002 , with the initial launch of an institutional assessment exercise . over the course of the next few years , accion provided technical assistance services for akiba’s operations , largely in the areas of training , product design and marketing .
most versions of the factbook include a color flag at the beginning of the country profile . the flag graphics were produced from actual flags or the best information available at the time of preparation . the flags of independent states are used by their dependencies unless there is an officially recognized local flag . some disputed and other areas do not have flags .
banks - - given the recent public announcements - - are using the cbr rate to price loans and deposits which means a loan price of 14 . 5 per cent and deposit rate of at least 7 . 35 per cent yielding a spread of 7 . 15 per cent . the application of the kbrr yields a loan rate of 12 . 9 per cent and deposit rate of at least 6 . 23 per cent yielding a spread of 6 . 67 per cent . the banks have until september 14 , 2016 to effect the new law ,
said icea lion asset management chief executive einstein kihanda .
a measure of the adequacy of an entity’s capital resources in relation to its current liabilities and also in relation to the risks associated with its assets . an appropriate level of capital adequacy ensures that the entity has sufficient capital to support its activities and that its net worth is sufficient to absorb adverse changes in the value of its assets without becoming insolvent .
this entry gives an estimate of the percentage of adults ( aged 15 - 49 ) living with hiv / aids . the adult prevalence rate is calculated by dividing the estimated number of adults living with hiv / aids at yearend by the total adult population at yearend .
ten countries ( australia , brazil , canada , indonesia , kazakhstan , mexico , new zealand , russia , spain , and the united states ) and the island of greenland observe more than one official time depending on the number of designated time zones within their boundaries . an illustration of time zones throughout the world and within countries can be seen in the standard time zones of the world map included in the reference maps section of the world factbook .
this entry is an ordered listing of major crops and products starting with the most important .
this field gives the percent of women of reproductive age ( 15 - 49 ) who are married or in union and are using , or whose sexual partner is using , a method of contraception according to the date of the most recent available data . the contraceptive prevalence rate is an indicator of health services , development , and women’s empowerment . it is also useful in understanding , past , present , and future fertility trends , especially in developing countries .
this category includes entries dealing with the production , consumption , import , and export of various forms of energy including electricity , crude oil , refined petroleum products , and natural gas .
this category includes the entries dealing with the natural environment and the effects of human activity .
the charge or the return on an asset or debt expressed as a percentage of the price or size of the asset or debt . it is usually expressed on an annual basis .
this entry states the total route length of the railway network and of its component parts by gauge , which is the measure of the distance between the inner sides of the load - bearing rails . the four typical types of gauges are : broad , standard , narrow , and dual . other gauges are listed under note . some 60 % of the world ' s railways use the standard gauge of 1 . 4 m ( 4 . 7 ft ) . gauges vary by country and sometimes within countries . the choice of gauge during initial construction was mainly in response to local conditions and the intent of the builder . narrow - gauge railways were cheaper to build and could negotiate sharper curves , broad - gauge railways gave greater stability and permitted higher speeds . standard - gauge railways were a compromise between narrow and broad gauges .


north west aviation transport company vyborg ( russian : северо-западная авиационная транспортная компания « выборг » ) was an airline based in saint petersburg , russia , operating chartered passenger flights out of pulkovo airport .

the company was founded in 2002 and operated a fleet of two ilyushin il-114 aircraft , a type of which only 20 have been built .

in july 2010 , vyborg was shut down .

vyborg ( airline )

vyborg airlines . airline code , web site , phone , reviews and opinions .
if you are looking for photos of a specific airline , use this menu .
) was an airline based in saint petersburg , russia , operating chartered passenger flights out of pulkovo airport . the company was founded in 2002 and operated a fleet of two ilyushin il - 114 aircraft , a type of which only 20 have been built . in july 2010 , vyborg was shut down . its airline license was passed to solaris airlines .
vyborg airlines has taken delivery of an ex - uzbekistan airways ilyushin il - 114 turboprop , following overhaul and reconfiguration for flights in european airspace . the airline , which is the first russian operator of the type , plans to fly five il - 114s , including three new examples delivered from the tapo factory in uzbek capital tashkent . vyborg , a small town near st petersburg , established the regional airline to operate services from the local pulkovo airport . services to destinations in north - western russia will begin in september , with regular services to scandinavian countries planned next year .
the cheapest flights to vyborg found within the past 7 days were $ 958 . 78 . prices and availability subject to change . additional terms may apply .
although you may try and resist the urge , you know that when the travel bug comes , there is only one way to get rid of it . thankfully , travelocity is here to help nip that travel bug in the bud with great deals on flights to vyborg . browse through our inventory to explore a wide range of cheap flights to vyborg to solidify your next big trip out of town . whether you are heading out on a business trip , exploring a place you have never been for pleasure or are bringing the family on the annual vacation , we have the perfect getaway waiting for you . in no time , you will be day dreaming of your plane landing in vyborg as you anxiously await to exit the plane and explore what vyborg has to offer . considering all the amazing local food and culture in vyborg , we won ' t hold this against you .
some people think that vyborg is the total contrast to any other city in russia . if you choose to spend your holiday in vyborg you will definitely not regret it . the architecture of the buildings is great and there are many memorials to many different nations : swedish , finish , russian and german . this fact makes the culture of vyborg even more interesting . buildings of different time periods give the city a certain charm . notable is the paul and peter cathedral which was built in the 18th century . you cannot visit the city without going to the vyborg castle . in here tourists cannot only be impressed by its great architecture but also they will have the chance to shoot with bow and arrow . from the main tower of the castle you will have a wonderful view over the whole city . in this city you can be sure to find a very nice hotel . in order that you won ' t loose precious time we recommend to follow the suggestions on the website www . hotels . ru . we will help you to find the best place to stay and we consider all your wishes and preferences .
please note that , due to space constraints , this menu includes only airlines of which 10 or more photos exist in our database . if the airline you ' re searching for is not in this list , use the ' keywords ' field further down in the search menu .
when you are ready to embark on your next big adventure , travelocity will be right here waiting to open the doors to the garden so that you can go and smell the roses . when you decide to book and travel is entirely up to you , but don ' t wait too long because we have some of the best deals on the web and they won ' t last long . take time to go through our huge selection of cheap flights to vyborg to find the best deals that fit into your budget . if browsing on your phone while your boss isn ' t looking is more your thing ( we promise we won ' t tell ) , consider checking out travelocity ' s mobile app which allows you to take advantage of all our flights to vyborg without having to compromise your work computer ' s search history . if you are looking to save even more , you can easily save up to $ 537 when you bundle one of our cheap flights to vyborg with one of our hotels . so why are you waiting around ? there is no better time than now to start booking that next trip . start your search now to book one of our flights to vyborg today !
country : russia regional airline ceased operations in 2010 icao code : vbg head office : 9 , beloostrovskaya st . , st - petersburg , 197342 , russia phone number : + 7 812 490 54 37 fax number : + 7 812 766 00 98 e - mail : szatk @ urltoken web - site : urltoken main bases and hubs : st petersburg pulkovo - led fleet : ilyushin il - 114
the keywords field is ideal for searching for such specifics as aircraft registrations , photographers ' names , specific airport / city names , specific paintschemes ( i . e . ' wunala dreaming ' ) , etc . to use the keywords field , begin by selecting a keyworld search field . you may select either a specific database field ( airline , aircraft , etc . ) , or choose to match your keyword to all database fields .
* this is the largest savings for simultaneous booking of flight and hotel from july 1 , 2015 to june 30 , 2016 , and not the discount rate or amount for your booking . savings calculated based on the cost of a flight + hotel booking on urltoken as compared to the aggregated price of the full published fare given by the airline and the cost of your hotel for the same travel products for the same travel dates when made separately . savings will vary based on the origin / destination , length of trip , stay dates and selected travel supplier ( s ) . savings are not available on all packages . please confirm the actual discount rate / price on the booking page .
after much deliberation , we have made the difficult decision to permanently close the community site airspace .
the digital landscape has changed considerably since we launched the site in 2007 , with the growth of social media tools such as facebook and twitter replacing forums as a way to communicate with like - minded people .
airspace is now closed but we would like to thank everyone who has contributed to the site over the years and has helped to make it such a valuable resource for people who love aviation .
if you still want to view flightglobal images you can view our flickr page . images copyrighted to flightglobal may still be used in the future on this page and on flightglobal . com .
you can still reach flightglobal on twitter , facebook , linkedin and google + and access urltoken for the latest news and views .
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if you are looking for photos of a specific aircraft type , use this menu . please note that , due to space constraints , this menu includes only some of the more requested aircraft in our database . if the aircraft you ' re searching for is not in this list , use the ' keywords ' field further down in the search menus .
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passing over the town of pushkin - one of world ' s brightests palaces - catherine the great palace is below us . the lycée of the gretest russian poet alexander pushkin is also well visible . saint - petersburg is at the distance .
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only twice in the first decade since the airbus a380 entered service has the double - deck aircraft ended a year with its order backlog higher than that of the previous one . on both occasions middle eastern carrier emirates alone had spared the programme from recording a duck for the year . emirates ordered 32 a380s in mid - 2010 and just eight days before the end of 2013 signed for another 50 of the type .
losing four geared turbofan engines to in - flight failures as a result of a botched durability upgrade was not how pratt & whitney wanted 2018 to begin quite the opposite .
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