istigobius is a genus of gobies found in fresh , brackish and marine waters of the regions along the coasts of the indian and western pacific oceans .

istigobius

istigobius ornatus is commercially collected for use in the aquarium trade ( baensch and debelius 1997 ) .
hans - martin braun added the german common name
schmuckgrundel
to
istigobius ornatus ( rüppell , 1830 )
.
it ' s a bird ! it ' s a plane ! no , istigobius ! by henry c . schultz iii - urltoken
murdy , e . o . & hoese , d . f . 1985 . a revision of the gobioid fish genus istigobius .
istigobius ornatus is not the subject of any known conservation measures , but its wide distribution throughout the indo - west pacific coincides with many marine protected areas .
a decorated sandgoby , istigobius decoratus , in nelson bay , new south wales . source : ian v . shaw / reef life survey . license : cc by attribution
as with so many fish genera , istigobius was originally described as a subgenus , in this case , of the genus gobius ( whitley , 1932 ; murdy and hoese , 1985 ) . even so , many of the current istigobius species were not originally placed in this subgenus , but instead were spread out among genera such as acentrogobius , ctenogobius , and rhinogobius .
goldmann ' s sandgoby , istigobius goldmanni , at great keppel island , queensland , march 2017 . source : ian shaw / inaturalist . org . license : cc by attribution - noncommercial
murdy , e . o . and d . f . hoese , 1985 . revision of the gobiid fish genus istigobius . indo - pac . fish . ( 4 ) : 41 p
an orangespotted sandgoby , istigobius rigilius , near corbett reef , great barrier reef , queensland , december 2001 . source : erik schlogl / inaturalist . org . license : cc by attribution - noncommercial
the behavior of istigobius allows a wide latitude of potential aquarium sizes . these fish have a tendency not to feel comfortable more than several inches from shelter . as a result , they should do well in aquariums as small as 10 gallons , provided predators are not present . larger aquariums will be more suitable for those hobbyists wishing to maintain a pair of istigobius , or those planning on including several tankmates .
murdy , e . o . and d . f . hoese , 1985 . revision of the gobiid fish genus istigobius . indo - pac . fish . ( 4 ) : 41 p . ( ref . 420 )
the 10 species ( see below ) of istigobius all have a few traits in common . possibly most important to hobbyists is the sexually dimorphic nature of all species . although the genital papilla is the deciding factor in all species of gobiidae , this feature is more pronounced in istigobius . additionally , several other sexually dimorphic traits are also present such as the longer pelvic fins , darker pigmentation in spots or blotches , and horizontal striping , found on the males .
istigobius rigilius is distributed from the ryukyu islands ( japan ) to the great barrier reef ( australia ) , and east to new caledonia , fiji , tonga , palau , kiribati , ashmore and cartier reefs , and the marshall islands .
while many of the fishes listed are good tank mates for istigobius species , one should research each fish individually before adding it to the aquarium . some of the fish listed above are better left in the ocean or for advanced aquarists .
justification : istigobius rigilius has been assessed as least concern . it is a broad ranging species and while it may be undergoing localised declines due to factors relating to habitat degradation , these threats are not known to pose a significant threat to the global population .
murdy , e . o . & hoese , d . f . 1985 ,
a revision of the gobioid fish genus istigobius
, indo - pacific fishes , vol . 4 , pp . 1 - 41 figs 1 - 8 pls 1 - 3
a photo of istigobius decoratus taken at a depth of 10m , rodda reef , great barrier reef , queensland , december 1999 . the original type specimens collected in 1927 were lost from manila as a casualty of world war ii . photo courtesy of erik schloegl .
the aquarium mates of istigobius should be restricted to peaceful fish . other gobies that maintain territories in the middle of the water column would be good choices . these would obviously include wormfish and cleaner gobies . gobies that maintain a territory within rocks , corals or burrows are also good choices .
another photo of istigobius decoratus , this one showing off the highly variable pigmentation possible for the decorated goby . as opposed to the previous photo which was likely collected closer to the eastern spectrum of its distribution , this photo was likely taken from waters near taiwan or the philippines . photo courtesy of mitsuaki takata .
shiobara , y . and k . suzuki , 1983 . life history of two gobioids , istigobius hoshinonis ( tanaka ) and i . campbelli ( jordan and snyder ) , under natural and rearing conditions . . j . fac . mar . sci . tech . tokai univ . 16 : 193 - 205 .
istigobius decoratus is one of the larger members of the genus , reaching nearly five inches . it is seen here amongst the preferred habitat of dark sand and coralline encrusted rubble . when threatened by a predator , it is more likely to remain in the open and stay still ( hopefully ) blending into the substrate . photo courtesy of roberto sozzani of scubabob .
the decorated goby , istigobius decoratus , differs slightly from other members of this genus . it prefers cleaner waters than do its close cousins . even so , these fish are rarely found below more than five feet of depth , although collections records do show several individuals taken from as deep as 50 feet . the clean water is probably a direct result of the substrate they prefer - coarse coralline - encrusted rubble .
of course , predatory fish such as lionfish , groupers , or moray eels should be avoided . the gobies will become a quick snack for most any predatory fish . additionally , predatory invertebrates such as brittle starfish from the genus ophiarachna should also be avoided . small gobies such as istigobius are an easy meal for these aggressive predators . likewise , anemones such as the stichodactyla species should be avoided . all too often fish will fall victim to these anemones .
in an attempt to find a fish that fits a niche often overlooked by many in this hobby - mini - reef and mangrove tanks - i decided to cover the sand - dwelling species of istigobius . their natural instincts and habitats lend a degree of flexibility that is not afforded to us by most ornamental marine fish . as such , these fish place themselves into a small , albeit focused , group of fish that do a fantastic job of filling a niche that the vast majority of fish cannot .
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cfm script by eagbayani , 30 . 11 . 04 , , php script by cmilitante , 05 / 11 / 2010 , last modified by cmilitante , 14 / 03 / 2013
greek , istios = sail + latin , gobius = gudgeon ( ref . 45335 )
marine ; reef - associated ; depth range ? - 10 m ( ref . 86942 ) . tropical ; 25°n - 30°s
western pacific : philippines to fiji , north to taiwan , south to northwestern australia and southern queensland . recently recorded from tonga ( ref . 53797 ) .
maturity : l m ? range ? - ? cm max length : 6 . 0 cm sl male / unsexed ; ( ref . 48637 ) ; 4 . 7 cm tl ( female )
dorsal spines ( total ) : 7 ; dorsal soft rays ( total ) : 10 - 11 ; anal spines : 1 ; anal soft rays : 9 - 10 ; vertebrae : 26 . upper pectoral fin rays entire . nape with as many as 30 dark spots . a prominent diagonal , black line from posterior part of upper jaw to operculum . 4 broad , dark bands on abdomen ; 2nd dorsal fin with 3 - 4 rows of black spots ; pectoral fin clear , base with 2 small dusky spots . predorsal cycloid scales 7 - 9 , trunk ctenoid . in male , anal fin when appressed reaching almost the caudal fin ; appressed 2nd dorsal fin overlapping caudal . anal and 2nd dorsal fins of female when appressed reaching to within a distance of 2 - 3 scales of caudal fin ( ref . 420 ) ; longitudinal scale series 30 - 32 ; depth of body 4 . 9 - 5 . 6 in sl ( ref . 90102 ) .
found in sandy areas with both living coral and coral rubble , and from both moderately clear and turbid water ( ref . 48637 ) .
genital papilla of male slightly pigmented , ending to side of anal spine . female genital papilla truncate , ending well before origin of anal fin ( ref . 420 ) .
phylogenetic diversity index ( ref . 82805 ) : pd 50 = 0 . 5010 [ uniqueness , from 0 . 5 = low to 2 . 0 = high ] .
bayesian length - weight : a = 0 . 00891 ( 0 . 00418 - 0 . 01902 ) , b = 3 . 07 ( 2 . 89 - 3 . 25 ) , in cm total length , based on lwr estimates for this ( sub ) family - body shape ( ref . 93245 ) .
trophic level ( ref . 69278 ) : 3 . 3 ±0 . 3 se ; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
resilience ( ref . 69278 ) : high , minimum population doubling time less than 15 months ( preliminary k or fecundity . ) .
vulnerability ( ref . 59153 ) : low vulnerability ( 16 of 100 ) .
marine ; freshwater ; brackish ; benthopelagic ; amphidromous ( ref . 46888 ) ; depth range 0 - 6 m ( ref . 90102 ) . tropical
asia and oceania : india , hong kong , malaysia , indonesia and australia .
maturity : l m ? range ? - ? cm max length : 10 . 0 cm sl male / unsexed ; ( ref . 7050 )
inhabits sand or mud bottoms of estuaries and sheltered shoreline reefs in 0 - 6 m ( ref . 90102 ) .
genital papilla of male sometimes heavily pigmented , reaching anal spine . genital papilla of female truncate , ending well short of anal spine .
kottelat , m . , a . j . whitten , s . n . kartikasari and s . wirjoatmodjo , 1993 . freshwater fishes of western indonesia and sulawesi . periplus editions , hong kong . 221 p . ( ref . 7050 )
) : 24 . 7 - 29 . 3 , mean 28 . 6 ( based on 2826 cells ) .
bayesian length - weight : a = 0 . 00617 ( 0 . 00279 - 0 . 01364 ) , b = 3 . 08 ( 2 . 89 - 3 . 27 ) , in cm total length , based on lwr estimates for this ( sub ) family - body shape ( ref . 93245 ) .
trophic level ( ref . 69278 ) : 3 . 4 ±0 . 3 se ; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
vulnerability ( ref . 59153 ) : low to moderate vulnerability ( 26 of 100 ) .
marine ; reef - associated ; depth range 0 - 30 m ( ref . 1602 ) . tropical ; 20°n - 25°s
western pacific : philippines and indonesia to kiribati and fiji , south to rowley shoals in the eastern indian ocean and the great barrier reef . reported from the ryukyu islands ( ref . 559 ) .
maturity : l m ? range ? - ? cm max length : 10 . 8 cm tl male / unsexed ; ( ref . 11344 )
solitary ( ref . 90102 ) . occurs in sandy areas with living corals and coral rubble in clear waters , ref . 48637 .
genital papilla of male terminating to side of anal spine . papilla of female truncate and terminating posteriorly well before origin of anal fin .
) : 25 . 5 - 29 . 3 , mean 28 . 6 ( based on 1556 cells ) .
vulnerability ( ref . 59153 ) : low vulnerability ( 23 of 100 ) .
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description inhabits areas of coralline sand near clean coral reefs . observed to occur singly and picks at the substrate .
description inhabits areas of coralline sand near clean coral reefs . observed to occur singly and picks at the substrate . [ details ]
the webpage text is licensed under a creative commons attribution - noncommercial 4 . 0 license
froese , r . & d . pauly ( editors ) . ( 2018 ) . fishbase . world wide web electronic publication . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
liu j . y . [ ruiyu ] ( ed . ) . ( 2008 ) . checklist of marine biota of china seas . china science press . 1267 pp . ( look up in imis ) [ details ] available for editors [ request ]
( of ctenogobius decoratus ( herre , 1927 ) ) froese , r . & d . pauly ( editors ) . ( 2018 ) . fishbase . world wide web electronic publication . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of acentrogobius decoratus ( herre , 1927 ) ) froese , r . & d . pauly ( editors ) . ( 2018 ) . fishbase . world wide web electronic publication . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of rhinogobius decoratus herre , 1927 ) froese , r . & d . pauly ( editors ) . ( 2018 ) . fishbase . world wide web electronic publication . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
hong kong marine fish database . afcd . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
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thank you for taking the time to provide feedback on the iucn red list of threatened species website , we are grateful for your input .
larson , h . k . , murdy , e . & van tassell , j .
de silva , r . , milligan , h . , lutz , m . , batchelor , a . , jopling , b . , kemp , k . , lewis , s . , lintott , p . , sears , j . , wilson , p . , smith , j . & livingston , f .
is reported as uncommon in the capricorn - bunker group ( lowe and russell 1990 ) . nevertheless , it is generally the most common
species found on coral reefs ( e . murdy pers . comm . 2009 ) .
can be found resting on sand patches , amongst living coral and coral rubble , in clear water lagoons and bays . it occurs at a depth range of 0–30 m .
, however its distribution may coincide with numerous marine protected areas ( mpas ) , including the great barrier reef marine park .
this errata assessment has been created because the map was accidentally left out of the version published previously .
larson , h . k . , murdy , e . & van tassell , j . 2010 .
( errata version published in 2017 ) . the iucn red list of threatened species 2010 : e . t154861a115244556 .
to make use of this information , please check the < terms of use > .
the gobiidae is the largest family of marine fish with over 2 , 000 members , and it is still growing . most gobiidae are characterized by a few notable attributes . other than the few gobies that swim above the substrate , most lack a swim bladder and lateral line . gobies do , however , have sensory ducts surrounding their heads that make up for the lateral line ' s absence ( smith and knopf , 1997 ) . another interesting characteristic is the condition of the ventral fins , which in most gobies are joined together and have small suction cups on the end .
despite the habitat preference of some species for mangroves and others for coral rubble , all species prefers water less than 20 feet deep . these shallow waters , combined with silty - sand substrate , typically yield water visibility of less than 20 feet . perhaps this limited visibility is a major reason the fish never move further than several inches from suitable cover .
maintenance of these sand - dwelling gobies is rather simple , provided the aquarist offers them the proper habitat . small , peaceful aquariums often provide the optimum environment for these gobies ' long - term care . one major consideration , however , is the temperature of the aquarium . maintaining any of the aforementioned temperate sea species will require an aquarium cooler than a typical reef aquarium . otherwise , a sooner - than - should - be - expected - death will result from the increased water temperature .
provided the aquarium is large enough for anthias and direct feeding is administered to the goby .
most dottybacks will hunt and kill small gobies - pseudochromis fridmani and p . springeri are possible exceptions .
should be ok provided the aquarium is large enough for the rabbitfish and enough food reaches the goby .
many wrasses are best avoided . the most peaceful ones will be good choices .
another husbandry concern should be the life of your sand bed . nowadays many hobbyists are concerned about predation upon the sand bed fauna . if this describes you - by all means avoid these fish . as noted earlier , they feed from the sand by sifting it and stripping the vital micro - fauna from it . if you are not concerned about the life within your sand bed , these sand sifters will do an excellent job of overturning the sand and generally keeping it clean . however , you should be concerned about where the sand gets dumped ; they are indiscriminate dumpers .
besides sifting through the sand bed , your new goby will require supplemental feedings of prepared foods . it is likely , especially in smaller aquariums , that the sand bed , by itself , will not provide enough food to sustain the fish . instead , expect to feed smaller foods designed for a carnivore ' s diet . such foods would include mysid shrimps , adult enriched brine shrimp , fish roe , and any of the copious offerings of flake foods .
if you have any questions about this article , please visit my author forum on reef central .
baensch , h . a . 1994 . baensch marine atlas , volume 1 . microcosm . shelburne , vt . 1215 pp .
jordan , d . s . and j . o . snyder , 1901 . a review of the gobioid fishes of japan with descriptions of twenty - one new species . . proc . u . s . natl . mus . 24 ( 1244 ) : 33 - 132 .
lieske , e . and r . myers , 1994 collins pocket guide . coral reef fishes . indo - pacific & caribbean including the red sea . harper collins publishers , 400 pp .
michael , s . w . 1999 . marine fishes 500 + essential - to - know aquarium species . microcosm . shelburne , vt . 448 pp .
smith , l . l . and knopf , a . a . 1997 . national audubon society : field guide to tropical marine fishes . new york . p . 615 .
whitely , g . p . 1932 . fishes , in sci . rept . , great barrier reef expedition . 1928 - 1929 , 4 ( 9 ) : 267 - 316 .
a pale sandgoby covered in orange - brown and white speckles , brown lines on the gill cover , a row of paired brown spots along body behind the pectoral fin separated by white spots or dashes , and sometimes 3 - 4 dusky vertical bars on the abdomen of males .
offshore reefs of western australia , ashmore and cartier reefs , timor sea , and the northern great barrier reef and reefs in the coral sea , to one tree island , queensland ; also lord howe island in the tasman sea . elsewhere the species occurs in the tropical , west - central pacific . usually inhabits sandy patches amongst coral and rubble in lagoons and bays on oceanic and clear offshore reefs in depths to 35 m .
body yellowish white ; 2 brown diagonal lines from preoperculum to upper jaw , connected by a single line ; 2 almost vertical brown lines on operculum . males sometimes with 3 - 4 dusky vertical bars on abdomen .
pallidogobius rigilius herre 1953 , philippine j . sci . 82 ( 2 ) : 185 . type locality : rigili island , eniwetok atoll , marshall islands .
allen , g . r . 1993 . fishes of ashmore reef and cartier island .
herre , a . w . 1953 . tropical pacific gobies with vomerine teeth .
hutchins , j . b . , williams , d . mcb . , newman , s . j . , cappo , m . & speare , p . 1995 . new records of fishes for the rowley shoals and scott / seringapatam reefs , off north - western australia .
pictorial guide to indonesian reef fishes . part 3 . jawfishes - sunfishes , opistognathidae - molidae
( errata version published in 2017 ) . the iucn red list of threatened species 2010 : e . t154861a115244556 . urltoken downloaded on 19 june 2018 .
. tokyo : tokai university press vol . 1–2 437 pp . 247 figs 370 pls .
reef and shore fishes of the south pacific . new caledonia to tahiti and the pitcairn islands .
russell , b . c . 1983 . annotated checklist of the coral reef fishes in the capricorn - bunker group , great barrier reef , australia . great barrier reef marine park authority . special publication series 1 : 1 - 184 figs 1 - 2
the blackspotted sandgoby is a small bottom dwelling species that occurs in tropical waters and some warm temperate waters of australia .
the map below shows the australian distribution of the species based on public sightings and specimens in australian museums . click on the map for detailed information . source : atlas of living australia .
hoese , d . f . , bray , d . j . , paxton , j . r . & g . r . allen . 2006 . fishes . in beesley , p . l . & a . wells . ( eds ) zoological catalogue of australia . volume 35 . abrs & csiro publishing : australia . parts 1 - 3 , pages 1 - 2178 .
a common species that inhabits mangroves and silty , rocky areas ; occasionally found in rubble reef areas . only single individuals were observed ; many individuals found scattered over a small area ( ref . 420 ) . found primarily in lower estuaries , usually in mangroves . this is the species of the genus that is found farthest inland . feeds on small invertebrates ( ref . 12693 ) .
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description occurs in turbid coastal areas near river mouths at less than 1 m to at least 12 m .
description occurs in turbid coastal areas near river mouths at less than 1 m to at least 12 m . [ details ]
smith , j . l . b . & smith , m . m . ( 1963 ) . the fishes of seychelles . department of ichthyology , rhodes university . grahamstown . [ details ]
( of acentrogobius aestuarius smith , 1959 ) froese , r . & d . pauly ( editors ) . ( 2018 ) . fishbase . world wide web electronic publication . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of acentrogobius spence ( smith , 1947 ) ) froese , r . & d . pauly ( editors ) . ( 2018 ) . fishbase . world wide web electronic publication . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of gobius spence smith , 1947 ) froese , r . & d . pauly ( editors ) . ( 2018 ) . fishbase . world wide web electronic publication . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of gobius spence smith , 1947 ) macnae , w . & m . kalk ( eds ) . ( 1958 ) . a natural history of inhaca island , mozambique . witwatersrand univ . press , johannesburg . i - iv , 163 pp . [ details ]
eschmeyer , w . n . ; fricke , r . ; van der laan , r . ( eds ) . ( 2017 ) . catalog of fishes : genera , species , references . electronic version . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of bikinigobius herre , 1953 ) froese , r . & d . pauly ( editors ) . ( 2018 ) . fishbase . world wide web electronic publication . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of innoculus whitley , 1952 ) froese , r . & d . pauly ( editors ) . ( 2018 ) . fishbase . world wide web electronic publication . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of pallidogobius herre , 1953 ) froese , r . & d . pauly ( editors ) . ( 2018 ) . fishbase . world wide web electronic publication . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
raminosoa , n . , rasoloariniaina , r , ravelomanana , t . & velosoa , j .
justification : this is a very widespread species without any known major threats . it is assessed as least concern .
a pale sandgoby with a prominent black bar across the gill cover , up to 30 dark spots on the nape , a row of paired unfused black spots separated by white spots behind the pectoral fin , four broad dark bands on abdomen , 3 - 4 rows of black spots on the second dorsal fin , and clear pectoral fins with two small dusky spots on the base .
monte bello islands and offshore reefs of western australia , ashmore reef , timor sea , and the northern great barrier reef to at least the capricorn group , southern queensland . elsewhere the species occurs in the east - indo - west - central pacific . inhabits sandy patches among live coral and rubble , in moderately clear and turbid waters .
dorsal fin vi , 10 - 11 ; anal fin 9 - 10 ; longitudinal scale series 30 - 32 ; vertebrae 26 . body depth 4 . 9 - 5 . 6 in sl ; predorsal cycloid scales 7 - 9 , trunk ctenoid ; upper pectoral fin rays entire . in male , anal fin when appressed reaching almost the caudal fin ; appressed 2nd dorsal fin overlapping caudal . anal and second dorsal fins of female when appressed reaching to within a distance of 2 - 3 scales of caudal fin .
gobius goldmanni bleeker 1852 , natuurkundig tijdschrift voor nederlandsch indië 3 : 167 . type locality : kupang , west timor .
bleeker , p . 1852 . bijdrage tot de kennis der ichthyologische fauna van timor .
hernaman , v . & munday , p . l . 2005 . life - history characteristics of coral reef gobies . ii . mortality rate , mating system and timing of maturation .
a variable brownish sandgoby becoming white below , with dark brown scale margins forming a honeycomb pattern and a midlateral row of double dark brown spots forming rectangular markings along the side , and usually black spots on the nape .
ashmore reef and cartier reef , timor sea , and the shark bay region , western australia , to moreton bay , queensland ; also diamond islets in the coral sea , and lord howe island in the tasman sea . elsewhere the species occurs in the tropical , indo - west - central pacific . inhabits coralline sand areas in clear lagoons and on seaward reefs .
dorsal fin ( total spines ) vi + i , 10 - 11 ; anal fin i , 9 - 11 ; vertebrae 26 ; caudal fin segmented and non branching rays 2 - 3 , branched rays 14 - 15 ; predorsal cycloid scales 7 - 10 ; trunk scales ctenoid . isthmus narrow , scaled forward to vertical at posterior part of preoperculum . sexual dimorphism exhibited in anal , pelvic and 2nd dorsal fin genital papilla of male sometimes darkly pigmented and reaching to side of anal spine . female genital papilla truncate , ending well before origin of anal fin .
highly variable in colour , brownish on upper half , becoming white below ; dark brown scale margins forming honeycomb pattern and midlateral row of double dark brown spots forming rectangular markings ; two diagonal , dusky lines on operculum ; an inverted u - shaped spot prominent at the distal end of upper jaw . pectoral fin with small dusky spots ; two longitudinal lines on pectoral base spreading onto it fin rays .
rhinogobius decoratus herre 1927 , monographs of the bureau of science . manila 23 : 181 , pl . 13 ( 3 ) . type locality : apo island , philippines ( neotype , original type material from leyte , philippines destroyed in wwii ) .
allen , g . r . , hoese , d . f . , paxton , j . r . , randall , j . e . , russell , b . c . , starck , w . a . , talbot , f . h . & whitley , g . p . 1976 . annotated checklist of the fishes of lord howe island .
the marine fishes of north - western australia . a field guide for anglers and divers .
perth , wa : western australian museum vi 201 pp . , 70 pls .
francis , m . 1993 . checklist of the coastal fishes of lord howe , norfolk , and kermadec islands , southwest pacific ocean .
herre , a . w . 1927 . gobies of the philippines and china seas .
hobbs , j - p . a . , newman , s . j . , mitsopoulos , g . e . a . , travers , m . j . , skepper , c . l . , gilligan , j . j . , allen , g . r . , choat , h . j . & ayling , a . m . 2014 . checklist and new records of christmas island fishes : the influence of isolation , biogeography and habitat availability on species abundance and community composition .
hutchins , b . 2004 . fishes of the dampier archipelago , western australia .
hutchins , j . b . 1994 . a survey of the nearshore reef fish fauna of western australia ' s west and south coasts — the leeuwin province .
johnson , j . w . 1999 . annotated checklist of the fishes of moreton bay , queensland , australia .
johnson , j . w . 2010 . fishes of the moreton bay marine park and adjacent continental shelf waters , queensland , australia . pp . 299 - 353 in davie , p . j . f . & phillips , j . a . proceedings of the thirteenth international marine biological workshop , the marine fauna and flora of moreton bay .
larson , h . k . , williams , r . s . & hammer , m . p . 2013 . an annotated checklist of the fishes of the northern territory , australia .
moore , g . i . , morrison , s . m . , hutchins , b . j . , allen , g . r . & sampey , a . 2014 . kimberley marine biota . historical data : fishes .
reef and shore fishes of the south pacific . new caledonia to tahiti and the pitcairn islands
russell , b . c . 1983 . annotated checklist of the coral reef fishes in the capricorn - bunker group , great barrier reef , australia .
confused by a class within a class or an order within an order ? please see our brief essay .
to cite this page : myers , p . , r . espinosa , c . s . parr , t . jones , g . s . hammond , and t . a . dewey . 2018 . the animal diversity web ( online ) . accessed at https : / / animaldiversity . org .
disclaimer : the animal diversity web is an educational resource written largely by and for college students . adw doesn ' t cover all species in the world , nor does it include all the latest scientific information about organisms we describe . though we edit our accounts for accuracy , we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts . while adw staff and contributors provide references to books and websites that we believe are reputable , we cannot necessarily endorse the contents of references beyond our control .
this material is based upon work supported by the national science foundation grants drl 0089283 , drl 0628151 , due 0633095 , drl 0918590 , and due 1122742 . additional support has come from the marisla foundation , um college of literature , science , and the arts , museum of zoology , and information and technology services .
marine ; brackish ; reef - associated ; depth range 0 - 5 m ( ref . 86942 ) . tropical ; 21°c - 29°c ( ref . 27115 ) ; 30°n - 25°s
indo - pacific : red sea south to northern mozambique ( ref . 4343 ) and east to fiji , north to southern taiwan , south to new caledonia . recently recorded from tonga ( ref . 53797 ) .
maturity : l m ? range ? - ? cm max length : 11 . 0 cm tl male / unsexed ; ( ref . 9710 )
dorsal spines ( total ) : 7 ; dorsal soft rays ( total ) : 10 - 12 ; anal spines : 1 ; anal soft rays : 9 - 11 ; vertebrae : 26 . upper 3 - 4 pectoral fin rays free . body color pale gray ; operculum with 5 small blue spots interspersed with brownish red spots ; 5 vertical rows of white spots on pectoral fins ; anterior tip of first dorsal fin bright yellow . 4th spine of 1st dorsal fin longest . predorsal scales cycloid , trunk ctenoid . mouth with overhanging snout , lips greatly thickened . cheeks and operculae without scales . female pelvic and anal fins not as darkly pigmented as in male . also with terete body shape , slightly depressed ; eyes situated dorso - laterally ; reduced swim bladders ( ref . 92840 ) .
a common species that inhabits mangroves and silty , rocky areas ; occasionally found in rubble reef areas . only single individuals were observed ; many individuals found scattered over a small area ( ref . 420 ) . found primarily in lower estuaries , usually in mangroves . this is the species of the genus that is found farthest inland . feeds on small invertebrates ( ref . 12693 ) .
genital papilla , of male varying from lightly to heavily pigmented and terminating to side of anal spine . female genital papilla lightly pigmented and truncate , terminating well before anal spine ( ref . 420 ) . benthic spawner ( ref . 32023 ) .
) : 25 . 5 - 29 . 3 , mean 28 . 5 ( based on 3131 cells ) .
bayesian length - weight : a = 0 . 00955 ( 0 . 00561 - 0 . 01627 ) , b = 3 . 08 ( 2 . 94 - 3 . 22 ) , in cm total length , based on lwr estimates for this species & ( sub ) family - body ( ref . 93245 ) .
trophic level ( ref . 69278 ) : 3 . 5 ±0 . 37 se ; based on food items .
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bleeker , p . 1878 ,
quatrième mémoire sur la faune ichthyologique de la nouvelle - guinée
, archives néerlandaises des sciences naturelles , vol . 13 , pp . 35 - 66 pls 2 - 3
richardson , j . 1844 ,
ichthyology
, ed . richardson , j . & gray , j . e . ( eds ) , the zoology of the voyage of h . m . s . erebus and terror under the command of captain sir james clark ross , r . n . , f . r . s . , during the years 1839–43 , vol . 2 , pp . pp . 1 - 16 pls 1 - 6 , 7 - 8 ( parts ) , 9 - 10 , e . w . janson , london
whitley , g . p . 1932 ,
fishes
, scientific reports of the great barrier reef expedition 1928 - 1929 , vol . 4 , no . 9 , pp . 267 - 316 figs 1 - 5 pls 1 - 4
wormuth , j . h . 1976 ,
the biogeography and numerical taxonomy of the oegopsid squid family ommastrephidae in the pacific ocean
, bulletin de l ' institut océanographique monaco , vol . 23 , pp . 1 - 87
o ' sullivan , d . b . , johnstone , g . w . , kerry , k . w . & imber , m . j . 1983 ,
a mass stranding of squid martialia hyadesi rochebrune and mabille ( teuthoidea : ommastrephidae ) at macquarie island
, papers and proceedings of the royal society of tasmania , vol . 117 , pp . 161 - 163
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : 4583529c - 9f4a - 40ca - 886d - 8309ecc0c2b2
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : d74e27c4 - 0d3e - 4ee8 - a61b - ba500f1efb1c
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . name : 344880
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aethridae is a family of crabs in its own superfamily , aethroidea .

it contains the following genera ( extinct genera marked † ) : actaeomorpha miers , 1877 aethra latreille in cuvier , 1816 drachiella guinot , in serene & soh , 1976 † eriosachila blow & manning , 1996 hepatella smith , in verrill , 1869 † hepatiscus bittner , 1875 hepatus latreille , 1802 † mainhepatiscus de angeli & beschin , 1999 † matutites blow & manning , 1996 osachila stimpson , 1871 † prehepatus rathbun , 1935 † priabonella beschin , de angeli , checchi & mietto , 2006 † pseudohepatiscus blow & manning , 1996 sakaila manning & holthuis , 1981

aethridae

, and between the legs together . lateral margins often cristate . buccal cavern varying from quadrate to elongate and triangular , sometimes tending to an oxystome disposition . third
into two parts , either with both afferent and efferent channels clearly defined , or with only one channel apparent .
dai , a . & s . yang , 1991 . crabs of the china seas , i - iv , 1 - 608 , figs 1 - 295 , pls 1 - 74 . china ocean press , beijing and springer - verlag , berlin heidelberg new york tokyo , english edition . ( translation from chinese original 1986 . )
dana , j . d . , 1851b . on the classification of the cancroidea ( cyclometopa ) . american journal of science and arts , ( ser . 2 ) 12 : 121 - 131 .
dana , j . d . , 1852c . crustacea . united states exploring expedition during the years 1838 , 1839 , 1840 , 1841 , 1842 , under the command of charles wilkes , u . s . n . , 13 ( pt . 1 ) : i - viii , 1 - 685 , pl . 8 .
guinot , d . , 1966 . recherches préliminaires sur les groupements naturels chez les crustacés décapodes brachyoures . i . les affinités des genres aethra , osachila , hepatus , hepatella et actaeomorpha . bulletin du muséum national d ' histoire naturelle , paris , ( 2 ) 38 ( 5 ) : 744 - 762 , figs 1 - 24 .
manning , r . b . & l . b . holthuis , 1981 . west african brachyuran crabs ( crustacea : decapoda ) . smithsonian contribution to zoology , 306 : i - xii , 1 - 379 , figs 1 - 88 .
sakai , t . , 1976a . crabs of japan and the adjacent seas . ( in 3 volumes : ( 1 ) english text : i - xxix , 1 - 773 , figs 1 - 379 , ( 2 ) plates volume : 1 - 16 , pls 1 - 251 , ( 3 ) japanese text : 1 - 461 , figs 1 - 2 , 3 maps . ) kodansha ltd , tokyo .
stimpson , w . , 1871a . preliminary report on the crustacea dredged in the gulf stream in the straits of florida , by l . f . de pourtales , assist . u . s . coast survey . part i . brachyura . bulletin of the museum of comparative zoölogy at harvard college , 2 ( 1 ) : 109 - 160 .
tirmizi , n . m . & q . b . kazmi , 1991 . marine fauna of pakistan : 4 . crustacea : brachyura ( dromiacea , archaeobrachyura , oxystomata , oxyrhyncha ) . univ karachi bcci ( bank credit commer int ) foundation chair , publication no . 1 ( 1988 ) : 1 - 244 , figs 1 - 65 , pls 1 - 4 .
wada , k . , 1995 . brachyura . in : s . nishimura , guide to seashore animals of japan with color pictures and keys . vol . 2 : 379 - 418 , pls 101 - 118 . ( in japanese )
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parent taxon : eubrachyura according to s . t . ahyong et al . 2007
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hepatus epheliticus
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mclaughlin et al . 2005 . common and scientific names of aquatic invertebrates from the united states and canada : crustaceans . american fisheries society special publication 31
disclaimer : itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available , and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties . however , it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes . while every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and up - to - date information available , ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in provisions of treaties to which the united states is a party , wildlife statutes , regulations , and any applicable notices that have been published in the federal register . for further information on u . s . legal requirements with respect to protected taxa , please contact the u . s . fish and wildlife service .
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to cite this page : myers , p . , r . espinosa , c . s . parr , t . jones , g . s . hammond , and t . a . dewey . 2018 . the animal diversity web ( online ) . accessed at https : / / animaldiversity . org .
disclaimer : the animal diversity web is an educational resource written largely by and for college students . adw doesn ' t cover all species in the world , nor does it include all the latest scientific information about organisms we describe . though we edit our accounts for accuracy , we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts . while adw staff and contributors provide references to books and websites that we believe are reputable , we cannot necessarily endorse the contents of references beyond our control .
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peristernia reincarnata is a species of sea snail , a marine gastropod mollusk in the family fasciolariidae , the spindle snails , the tulip snails and their allies .

peristernia reincarnata

peristernia reincarnata - fasciolariidae - philippines seashell - 30 . 7mm - lot 2 on ebid new zealand | 130092277
peristernia reincarnata is a common species found under rocks mostly on lagoon and pinnacle reefs from about 2 to at least 10m .
vouchers of sequenced specimens of fasciolariidae : peristernia . . . | download scientific diagram
fig . 5 . vouchers of sequenced specimens of fasciolariidae : peristernia nassatula clade . a : peristernia nassatula , mnhn im - 2007 - 32487 , vanuatu ; b : peristernia reincarnata , mnhn im - 2007 - 32482 , vanuatu ; c : peristernia gemmata , mnhn im - 2013 - 42528 , marquesas islands ; d : peristernia marquesana , mnhn im - 2007 - 32486 , vanuatu ; e : peristernia sp . , mnhn im - 2013 - 12522 , papua new guinea ; f : peristernia sp . , mnhn im - 2013 - 10337 , papua new guinea ; g : fusolatirus bruijnii , mnhn im - 2013 - 18013 , papua new guinea ; h : fusolatirus pachyus , mnhn im - 2007 - 35084 , new caledonia .
peristernia reincarnata ( snyder , 2000 ) live taken w / op . , gem ; pale yellow ! ; 30 . 1 mm ; north western - australia , broome ; from local diver ; november 2007 . [ fas050 ]
peristernia reincarnata ( snyder , 2000 ) live taken w / op . , fine + + + / gem ; pale yellow ! ; 29 . 3 mm ; north western - australia , broome ; from local diver ; november 2007 . [ fas051 ]
family : fasciolariidae born : 1981 , kosuge genus and description : peristernia reincarnata , 22 - 24 mm , f + + / f + + + , set of 3 specimens origin : collected by a local fishermen by nets off mactan island , cebu philippines , july 2013 .
family : fasciolariidae born : 1981 , kosuge genus and description : peristernia reincarnata , 24 & 27 mm , f + + / f + + + , set of 2 specimens origin : collected by a local fishermen by nets off mactan island , cebu philippines , july 2013 .
( of peristernia incarnata sensu kiener , 1840 ) liu j . y . [ ruiyu ] ( ed . ) . ( 2008 ) . checklist of marine biota of china seas . china science press . 1267 pp . ( look up in imis ) [ details ] available for editors [ request ]
snyder m . a . ( 2000 ) . nomenclatural emendations in the family fasciolariidae . proceedings of the academy of natural sciences of philadelphia 150 : 173 - 179 [ details ]
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urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : 4549a266 - 7f19 - 4f23 - b506 - 6e70671eca18
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . name : 541008
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occurrence describes how often the species is found on surveys within its distribution . it is calculated as the % of reef sites surveyed by rls divers across all the ecoregions in which the species has been observed
abundance is calculated as the average number of individuals recorded per rls transect , where present .
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i sold 4 more of my pin badges tonight , so over 100 sales now . the same newbie who purchase 4 of the 4th february has come back for 4 more . i ' ll have to get busy and list some more soon .
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additions to the gastropods of the middle miocene ( serravallian ) karaman basin , turkey .
found stuck in the seaweed in a calm shallow bay on the island of milos . must have just washed up the night before bc the animal was still inside the shell
organismo encontrado en el intermareal alto sobre el sustrato duro o rocoso . presenta una forma ovalada , en la zona dorsal posee ocho placas calcáreas unidas . en el área lateral de cada placa se observan lineas intercaladas de color blancas y cafe y la zona central de ella tiene una tonalidad clara a excepción de la 5ta placa que se presenta de color negro . las placas calcáreas están rodeadas por cinturón cubierto de escamas negras de textura porosa
i believe this is a new county record and a fairly large range extension for the species .
these were quite common in litter from steep dry ravines under wooded scrub on a north facing clay - sand slope .
found 16 ashmunella shells , most are mature and aged , in a 15 min search along the comfort spring drainage to the west of ramsey vista campground , huachuca mtns . habitat is grassy and dirt hillside covered with leaf litter . oak woodland plant community .
collected in leaflitter from a pukatea / hinau / rewarewa swamp forest remnant in woodlands retirement village .
note : this image was not taken in one shot . it is a compilation of 54 images with the shells scaled in size in relation to the penny . the identifications of these shells can be found on urltoken .
these were collected from mt eureka on the big river watershed side . one example was collected from nearby in the saxon watershed , by whoever placed it in the cawthron collection . i have lost track of which one but feel they match in every respect . it is likely the slightly lighter shell .
this small charopid species is very tall and tightly coiled and cannot be confused with any other nz landsnail species . snails of this species often found under bark on tree trunks .
we have collected it in the wellington region from east harbour , belmont - kelson , khandallah park , wainuiomata , trelissick park , wilton , karori , kaitoke , akatarawa , pakuratahi , rimutaka hill .
a small endemic carnivorous rhytidid landsnail . we have collected it from east harbour , wainuiomata , belmont - kelson , pakuratahi , kaitoke , akatarawa , wilton and karori . it ocurs elsewhere in north island but only touches the marlborough sounds . the taxonomy is currently being reviewed and it is likely to be split up into several closely related species . ( photo : d . j . roscoe , doc )
powelliphanta superba - one of my favourite encounters on the heaphy track a couple of weeks ago . this individual was close to the upper size limit for the species , with a shell nearly 90mm across . no macro lens required !
what ' s left of three specimens . the two intact ones exploded on drying out , this one partly damaged by weka survived !
this species has the most amazingly glossy finish . making them rather difficult to photograph . the patchy colours are not true , these are reflections of a shadesail and sky . the profile of the shell suggests a close alliance to the p superba group , but colouration favours the p . lignaria group with which it was originally associated as a subspecies . i have highlighted two extremes of colour range
at this point in this specie ' s range the shells reach the peak of their magnificence in colourful patterns .
it about time some artist captured these as a symbol . the pinnacle of new zealands natural beauty and uniqueness . no matter how many times i revisit , i never go away disappointed in their creator .
sub - sp typified by dark umbilicus which blends into honey with no specific delineation .
top side lighter coloured than s . s . bands tend to be coarser as in sample photographed individually but range shown can be found .
collected at anatori north side , technically these are not within the natural boundaries possible of p gilliesi ssp kahurangica but seem to be the same [ or similar ] so possibly introduced from kahurangi . they are on the same section of coast as p g . brunnea [ between patarau and anatori rivers ] but don ' t resemble this ssp in the slightest . the farmland here creating a huge hiatus in habitat .
this is the form with the honey coloured umbilicus typical of this location . shells with a dark umbilicus exist on the ranges to the south . these snails have adapted to elevation and can get the bends and die if taken to sea - level , so are found in a relatively narrow elevation zone . this means they are often isolated on a single range of mountains . this has produced numerous sub - specific taxa . an interesting thing happens in the marlborough sounds which is a ria coastline and has been gradually sinking for an extremely long time . here the snails have adapted to lower elevations in places .
black and dark brown , no stripes . about 1
across , under a conifer log .
shell only of course . looked like it had been pecked by a weka .