dugesia ( pronounced , d ( y ) üˈjēzh ( ē ) ə ) is a genus of dugesiid triclad that contains some common representatives of the class turbellaria .

these common flatworms are found in freshwater habitats of africa , europe , middle east , asia and australia .

dugesia is best known to non-specialists because of its regeneration capacities .

dugesia is the type genus of the family dugesiidae .

dugesia

on the taxonomic status of dugesia gonocephala and dugesia subtentaculata ( turbellaria , tricladida , paludicola ) .
a new freshwater planarian , dugesia japonica , commonly but erroneously known as dugesia gonocephala ( dugès ) .
a subterminal opening of the ejaculatory duct , as found in dugesia superioris , occurs in no less than 26 species of dugesia : dugesia bakurianica porfirjeva , 1958 , dugesia biblica benazzi & banchetti , 1972 , dugesia leporii pala et al . , 2000 , and dugesia sicula lepori , 1948 , from the western palaearctic ; dugesia aethiopica stocchino et al . , 2002 , dugesia arabica harrath & sluys , 2013 , dugesia astrocheta marcus , 1953 , dugesia lanzai banchetti & del papa , 1971 , dugesia lamottei de beauchamp , 1952 , dugesia neumanni ( neppi , 1904 ) and dugesia myopa de vries , 1988b from the afrotropical region ; the other 15 species are distributed in the oriental region , eastern palaearctic and australasian region , viz . dugesia andamanensis ( kaburaki , 1925 ) , dugesia austroasiatica kawakatsu , 1985 , dugesia batuensis ball , 1970 , dugesia bengalensis kawakatsu , 1983 , dugesia burmanensis ( kaburaki , 1918 ) , dugesia deharvengi kawakatsu & mitchell , 1989 , dugesia indica kawakatsu , 1969 , dugesia indonesiana kawakatsu , 1973 , dugesia japonica ichikawa & kawakatsu , 1964 , dugesia leclerci kawakatsu & mitchell , 1995 , dugesia lindbergi de beauchamp , 1959 , dugesia nannophallus ball , 1970 , dugesia novaguineana kawakatsu , 1976 , dugesia tamilensis kawakatsu , 1980 , and dugesia uenorum kawakatsu & mitchell , 1995 . however , in all of these species the ejaculatory duct is ventrally displaced , except for dugesia bakurianica in which the ejaculatory duct is central . therefore , a dorsal course of the ejaculatory duct and a subterminal opening of the duct represents a new diagnostic combination in the genus dugesia .
descrizione di dugesia biblica , nuova microspecie del “gruppo dugesia gonocephala ” trovata nel fiume giordano ( israele ) .
dugesia hepta , nuova specie di planaria d’acqua dolce di sardegna appartenente alla superspecie dugesia gonocephala ( dugès ) ( turbellaria , tricladida ) .
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geographic distribution of dugesia superioris ( indicated by an asterisk ) and dugesia sp . nmnh 55294 ( indicated by black diamond ) in the lake ohrid region .
taxonomy and geographical distribution of dugesia japonica and d . ryukyuensis in the far east
identification and characterization of a novel multifunctional placenta specific protein 8 in dugesia japonica .
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switch from asexual to sexual reproduction in the planarian dugesia ryukyuensis . - pubmed - ncbi
descrizione della planaria dugesia lanzai , n . sp . del kenya ( africa ) .
descrizione di dugesia sicula , nuova specie di triclade d’acqua dolce dei dintorni di catania .
a review of chromosomal variation in dugesia japonica and d . ryukyuensis in the far east
structural analysis of n - glycans of the planarian dugesia japonica . - pubmed - ncbi
regeneration in an evolutionarily primitive brain - - the planarian dugesia japonica model . - pubmed - ncbi
production of asexual and sexual offspring in the triploid sexual planarian dugesia ryukyuensis . - pubmed - ncbi
a molecular cytogenetic comparison of planarians from the ‘ dugesia gonocephala group’ ( platyhelminthes , tricladida ) .
on the species of the dugesia gonocephala group ( platyheminthes , turbellaria , tricladida ) from greece .
a new species of freshwater planarian belonging to the genus dugesia ( platyhelminthes , tricladida ) from sardinia .
identification and characterization of a novel multifunctional placenta specific protein 8 in dugesia japonica . - pubmed - ncbi
how often does reproduction occur ? dugesia tigrina can mate and / or reproduce many times in its life .
the dugesia can reproduce sexually , and all dugesia are hermaphrodites . two dugesia will pair up and fertilize each other ' s eggs . those eggs are then released in a cocoon . if there is not another dugesia present , one can reproduce asexually through a process called transverse fission . the organism will pull itself in half and the tail portion will regenerate a new head , and the head portion will regenerate a new tail . this process can be replicated in the lab by using a razor blade or scalpel to cut the dugesia in half . in a couple of weeks , you should have two dugesia swimming around in your petri dish .
ichikawa , a . & kawakatsu , m . , 1964 . a new freshwater planarian , dugesia japonica , commonly but erroneously known as dugesia gonocephala ( dugès ) . annot . zool . japon , 37 : 185–194 .
switching from asexual to sexual reproduction in the planarian dugesia ryukyuensis : bioassay system and basic description of sexualizing process .
the genus dugesia in australia , with its phylogenetic analysis and historical biogeography ( platyhelminthes , tricladida , dugesiidae ) .
stocchino ga , manconi r . overview of life cycles in model species of the genus dugesia ( platyhelminthes : tricladida )
a synopsis of the nominal species of the subgenus dugesia ( platyhelminthes , tricladida , paludicola ) from africa and madagascar .
african planarians : dugesia aethiopica sp . n . ( platyhelminthes , tricladida ) from lake tana ( nw ethiopia ) .
teshirogi , w . & itagaki , g . , 1965 . the chromosomes of dugesia species , a japanese freshwater planarian known as dugesia gonocephala . zool . mag . ( tôkyô ) , 74 : 38–45 . ( in japanese with english summary )
switching from asexual to sexual reproduction in the planarian dugesia ryukyuensis : change of the fissiparous capacity along with the sexualizing process .
reproductive strategies , karyology , parasites , and taxonomic status of dugesia populations from yemen ( platyhelminthes , tricladida , dugesiidae ) .
fluvial basin history in the northeastern mediterranean underlies dispersal and speciation patterns in the genus dugesia ( platyhelminthes , tricladida , dugesiidae ) .
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kenk , r . , 1940 . the reproduction of dugesia tigrina ( girard ) . am . nat . , 74 : 471–475 .
that kenk ( 1978 ) identified his dugesia material from ohrid ( nmnh 55294 ) as dugesia gonocephala is hardly surprising in view of the fact that at that time many european populations were assigned to dugesia gonocephala sensu lato . the precise anatomy of dugesia gonocephala sensu stricto was only resolved by de vries and ball ( 1980 ) and de vries ( 1984a , 1986 ) . a comparison with kenk’s specimen quickly learns that this animal does not conform to dugesia gonocephala because it does not exhibit the muscular ridges , the elongated penis papilla , or the two penial folds ( cf . de vries and ball 1980 , de vries 1984a ) . in the presence of a small dorsal penial fold and a central ejaculatory duct the animal resembles dugesia benazzii lepori , 1951 , dugesia elegans de vries , 1984 , dugesia taurocaucasica ( livanov , 1951 ) and dugesia effusa , the latter recently described from the greek island chios ( sluys et al . in prep . ) . dugesia benazzii from corsica and sardinia is characterized by a pointed diaphragm and a penial fold , the position of which is variable but which is usually located dorsally ; the size of the penial fold is also variable ( lepori 1951 , de vries 1984b ) . in dugesia benazzii ectal reinforcement is restricted to the region of the oviducal openings , the latter being symmetrically arranged . in contrast , in the nmnh 55294 specimen the oviducts open asymmetricaly into the bursal canal , while the ectal reinforcement extends further on the bursal canal .
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dugesia superioris . holotype zma v . pl . 7153 . 1 , sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus ( anterior to the left ) .
a karyological study on populations of dugesia gonocephala s . l . ( turbellaria , tricladida ) . italian journal of zoology 66 : 245–253 .
dugesia deharvengi sp . n . , a new troglobitic freshwater planarian from tham kubio cave , thailand ( turbellaria ; tricladida ; paludicola ) .
molecular barcoding and phylogeography of sexual and asexual freshwater planarians of the genus dugesia in the western mediterranean ( platyhelminthes , tricladida , dugesiidae ) .
endemic freshwater planarians of sardinia : redescription of dugesia hepta ( platyhelminthes , tricladida ) with a comparison of the mediterranean species of the genus .
a karyological study by deri et al . ( 1999 ) identified for the pogradec population a complement of 24 standard chromosomes with one b - chromosome , suggesting a tri - ploid condition with a haploid number of n = 8 . moreover , their karyometric analysis indicated a probably aneutriploid condition , due to a constant excess of small , medium - sized chromosomes . a haploid number with n = 8 represents the most common chromosome number among dugesia species . dugesia superioris shares the tri - ploid condition with a haploid number of n = 8 with only a few other species from the western palaearctic region , viz . dugesia benazzii lepori , 1951 , dugesia etrusca benazzi , 1946 , dugesia liguriensis de vries , 1988a , and dugesia subtentaculata ( cf . benazzi and benazzi - lentati 1976 , ribas 1990 , pala 1993 , cf . lázaro et al . 2009 ) .
saccomanno , r . 2014 .
dugesia tigrina
( on - line ) , animal diversity web . accessed july 09 , 2018 at urltoken
further contributions to the taxonomy and biogeography of the subgenus dugesia ( platyhelminthes : tricladida : paludicola ) in the mediterranean region and the middle east .
kawakatsu , m . , teshirogi , w . , ôgawara , g . & tarui , y . , 1965 . photographic gleanings of planarians . i . dugesia japonica ichikawa et kawakatsu and dugesia gonocephala ( dugès ) . collect . & breed . ( tôkyô ) , 27 : 330–335 . ( in japanese )
switching from asexual to sexual reproduction in the planarian dugesia ryukyuensis : change of the fissiparous capacity along with the sexualizing p . . . - pubmed - ncbi
bessho y , ohama t , osawa s . planarian mitochondria i . heterogeneity of cytochrome c oxidase subunit i gene sequences in the freshwater planarian , dugesia japonica .
tcen - 49 , a monoclonal antibody that identifies a central body antigen in the planarian dugesia ( girardia ) tigrina . implications for pattern formation and positional signalling mechanisms
tcav - 1 , a monoclonal antibody specific to epithelial pharyngeal cells in the planarian dugesia ( girardia ) tigrina . application to pattern formation of the pharynx during regeneration
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for the genus dugesia a dorsal course of the ejaculatory duct was reported for the first time by stocchino et al . ( 2005 ) for the endemic sardinian species dugesia hepta pala , casu & vacca , 1981 . however , in this species the opening of the duct is located laterally on the right side , near the tip of the penis papilla . moreover , this species is characteri - zed by a ventro - lateral penial fold , which is absent in the new species . dugesia superioris therefore represents the second species of the genus showing a dorsal course of the ejaculatory duct . further , another important difference between dugesia hepta and dugesia superioris is the haploid chromosome number , which counts n = 7 in the former ( pala et al . 1981 ) and n = 8 in the latter ( deri et al . 1999 , see below ) .
to cite this page : saccomanno , r . 2014 .
dugesia tigrina
( on - line ) , animal diversity web . accessed july 09 , 2018 at urltoken
kenk , r . , 1941 . induction of sexuality in the asexual form of dugesia tigrina ( girard ) . j . exp . zool . , 87 : 55–69 .
therefore , the dugesia specimen nmnh 55294 may well represent a new species . however , on the basis of only the presently available material we refrain from describing it as new . furthermore , the asymmetrical openings of the vasa deferentia into the seminal vesicle of this animal represents a highly unusual condition for a species of dugesia and needs to be checked on additional material .
the penial fold of dugesia taurocaucasica is considerably larger than the one in nmnh 55294 , while the fold is also traversed by the abundant secretion of cyanophilic glands , which discharge through the lining epithelium of the penial fold . furthermore , in dugesia taurocaucasica the ectal reinforcement layer on the bursal canal extends for a considerable distance towards the copulatory bursa ( porfirjeva and dyganova 1987 ) .
reexamination of freshwater planarians found in tanks of tropical fishes in japan , with a description of a new species , dugesia austroasiatica sp . n . ( turbellaria ; tricladida ; paludicola ) .
sulle caratteristiche morfologiche e sulla posizione sistematica della planaria di sardegna e corsica già ascritta a dugesia gonocephala ( dugès ) . atti società toscana di scienze naturali 58 ( b ) : 1–22 .
pattee , e . , 1970 . coefficients thermiques et écologie de quelques planaires d ' eau douce . 4 . la reproduction de dugesia gonocephala . ann . limnol . 6 : 293–304 .
kawakatsu , m . , oki , i . , tamura , s . & sugino , h . , 1976b . studies on the morphology , karyology and taxonomy of the japanese freshwater planarian dugesia japonica ichikawa et kawakatsu , with a description of a new subspecies , dugesia japonica ryukyuensis subspec . nov . bull . fuji women ' s coll . , no . 14 , ser . ii : 81–126 .
sugino , h . , 1969 . collecting , breeding and experiments of a common japanese freshwater planarian , dugesia japonica ( with annotations and an appendix written by m . kawakatsu : on the physiological races of
dugesia elegans from rhodes differs from nmnh 55294 in the presence of a much larger seminal vesicle , a stubbier diaphragm , and the situation that its bursal canal epithelium is infranucleated ( de vries 1984a ) .
tamura , t . , yamayoshi , t . , oki , i . & kawakatsu , m . , 1979 . karyological and taxonomic studies of dugesia japonica ichikawa et kawakatsu . ii . chromosomes of dugesia japonica japonica collected from eighteen localities in japan . proc . jap . soc . syst . zool . , no . 17 : 1–14 ( + pls . 1–2 ) . ( in japanese with english summary )
an asexual population of dugesia sp . was collected in 2006 by r . manconi from voskopojë , an albanian locality situated south - west of lake ohrid . unfortunately , we have been unable to ascertain the taxonomic status of this population due to the lack of sexual specimens ( stocchino and manconi , pers . obs . ) . however , according to the phylogeographic analysis of lázaro et al . ( 2009 ) this population is molecularly identical to the pogradec population and therefore should be assigned also to dugesia superioris . it is noteworthy that the voskopojë locality is outside of the ohrid basin and therefore signals a wider distribution of dugesia superioris .
the planarian does not have gills or lungs , it obtains its oxygen by simple diffusion over its flat body . the dugesia cannot survive outside of the water , so biologists studying it must make sure that the specimen has plenty of water that is aerated . the dugesia does have an excretory system to remove wastes . tiny cells , called flame cells , line the lateral edge of the organism and function to remove waste .
more recently , a phylogeographic analysis of two albanian populations , one from pogradec and the other from voskopojë ( populations 30 and 31 , respectively in lázaro et al . 2009 ) , revealed that they belong to the same clade , which is well - separated from other species and populations of dugesia in the western mediterranean region , thus pointing to a new species ( lázaro et al . 2009 ) . in a second study , which included other and more eastern mediterranean species of dugesia , the population from pogradec ( population 15 in solà et al . 2013 ) also sat on its own branch , separate from all other populations of dugesia examined .
these are planarian worms , a type of flatworm in the phylum platyhelminthes and the class turbellaria . they are very common classroom organisms , with a simple body plan . the species in the photo here is dugesia subtentaculata .
the species dugesia effusa differs from nmnh 55294 in the presence of a short , valve - like diaphragm , a large intrabulbar seminal vesicle , a highly glandular penis papilla , and symmetrical oviducal openings into the bursal canal .
tamura , s . , yamayoshi , t . , oki , i . , murayama , h . & kawakatsu , m . , 1978 . karyological and taxonomic studies of dugesia japonica ichikawa et kawakatsu . i . chromosomes of the animals of dugesia japonica japonica collected from five localities in the central part of honshû and shikoku , japan . ibid . , no . 15 : 8–18 ( + pls . 1–2 ) . ( in japanese with english summary )
hirose , e . , katô , f . & sugino , h . , 1974 . chromosomes of freshwater planarian , dugesia japonica , ii . zool . mag . ( tôkyô ) , 83 : 442 . ( in japanese )
kawakatsu , m . , 1975 . problems on the morphological variation and the taxonomic position of a japanese freshwater planarian , dugesia japonica ichikawa et kawakatsu . zool . mag . ( tôkyô ) , 84 : 444 . ( in japanese )
tanaka , i . , 1965 . observation on the breeding of dugesia japonica ichikawa et kawakatsu from okinawa ( with an appendix written by m . kawakatsu ) . collect . & breed . ( tôkyô ) , 27 : 458–459 . ( in japanese )
okugawa , k . i . , 1957 . an experimental study of sexual induction in the asexual form of japanese freshwater planarian , dugesia gonocephala ( dugès ) . ibid . , ser . b , no . 11 : 8–27 ( + pls . 1–6 ) .
sugino , h . , hirose , e . & katô , f . , 1973 . the chromosomes of a japanese freshwater planarian , dugesia japonica ichikawa et kawakatsu . nature study ( ôsaka ) , 19 , no . 4 : 41–43 . ( in japanese )
okugawa , k . i . , 1955 . on the supernumerary sexual organs of dugesia gonocephala ( dugès ) , induced by the low temperature . bull . kyoto gakugei univ . , ser . b , no . 6 : 1–14 ( + pls . i–ii ) .
the dugesia does have a simple nervous system that includes a ganglia located in its anterior region to serve as a brain . as such , the dugesia exhibits the trait of cephalization , where the majority of its sense organs are located in the anterior region . it has a triangular head with two prominent eyespots . upon closer inspection of the eyes , you can see that they have a curious cross - eyed expression to them . the presence of the two eyes and lateral horns on the head indicate that the planarian has bilateral symmetry .
the planarian , dugesia dorotocephala ( woodworth ) , was studied in the laboratory and field as a predator of all developmental stages of culex peus speiser . reproduction by transverse fission was accelerated by higher feeding rates and probably by crowding . decreased feeding in culture could be offset by increasing the density of dugesia . experimental field populations of culex larvae were reduced by 90 + % in 26 days during july and august , 1973 . mucus secretions effectively immobilized prey larvae and their body fluid was consumed . mucus was also used to produce cemented sand anchors for attachment to larvae and pupae . group feeding without internecine activity was observed whereby as many as 12 dugesia collectively ensnarled a single prey . field and laboratory observations indicated optimum temperatures for feeding and reproduction were 20–26°c . feeding ceased above 29°c ; mortality ensued at 30°c .
dugesia is a genus of dugesiidae freshwater flatworms that includes around 75 species , all of them with a similar external appearance : triangle - shaped head with two eyes , and an elongated body . the different species are classified on the basis of the morphology of their copulatory apparatus .
boddington , m . t . & mettrick , d . f . , 1974 . the distribution , abundance , feeding habits and population biology of the immigrant triclad , dugesia polychroa ( platyhelminthes : turbellaria ) in toronto harbour , canada . j . anim . ecol . 43 : 681–699 .
dugesia superioris differs from its congeners in particular in ( a ) the dorsal course of the ejaculatory duct , with its sub - terminal opening , ( b ) the asymmetrical openings of the oviducts into the bursal canal , and ( c ) the openings of vasa deferentia at about halfway along the seminal vesicle .
dugesia superioris is characterized by the presence of the following features : dorsal course of the ejaculatory duct ; subterminal opening of the ejaculatory duct ; asymmetrical openings of the oviducts into the bursal canal ; openings of vasa deferentia at halfway along the seminal vesicle ; plump penis papilla ; small diaphragm ; triploid chromosome complement of 24 + 1b - chromosomes .
kawakatsu , m . , oki , i . , tamura , s . , yamayoshi , t . & takahashi , n . , 1980 . morphological , karyological and taxonomic studies of dugesia japonica ichikawa et kawakatsu from the tsushima islands . proc . jap . soc . syst . zool . , no . 19 : 1–10 ( + pls . 1–2 ) .
oki , i . , tamura , s . , kawakatsu , m . & sugino , h . , 1976 . morphological and karyological reexamination of the taxonomy of the freshwater planarian dugesia japonica , i . chromosomal analysis of the animals from different localities in japan and korea . zool . mag . ( tôkyô ) , 85 : 507 . ( in japanese )
dugesia superioris . photomicrographs of the copulatory apparatus . a holotype zma v . pl . 7153 . 1 , sagittal section showing the penis bulb and the penis papilla with the ejaculatory duct b paratype cgas pla 6 . 3 , transverse section of the penis papilla and the ejaculatory duct surrounded by numerous glands c paratype cgas pla 6 . 3 , transverse section of the bursal canal .
oki , i . , tamura , s . , yamayoshi , t . , kawakatsu , m . , hauser , j . & friedrich , s . m . g . , 1980 . karyological and taxonomic studies of freshwater planarians in brazil . ii . chromosomes of dugesia species from south brazil . zool . mag . ( tôkyô ) , 89 : 628 . ( in japanese )
okugawa , k . i . & kawakatsu , m . , 1954a . studies on the fission of japanese freshwater planaria , dugesia gonocephala ( dugès ) . i . comparative studies on fission rates and frequencies of sexual and asexual races influenced by temperatures , starvation and distilled water . ibid . , ser . b , no . 4 : 25–34 . ( in japanese with english summary )
kawakatsu , m . , oki , i . , tamura , s . & sugino , h . , 1976a . morphological and karyological reexamination of the taxonomy of the freshwater planarian dugesia japonica , ii . considerations about the subdivision of the species into two subspecies , with special reference to their subspeciations and phylogenetical problems . zool . mag . ( tôkyô ) , 85 : 508 . ( in japanese )
free - living flatworms like the planaria are grouped into the class turbellaria . the most common species studied in the lab is the brown planaria , dugesia . the animal has an acoelomate body ( no internal cavity to hold organs ) , no anus and lacks a circulatory system . most are scavengers and will eat other animals that have sank to the bottom of their ponds , hence why you can use liver to capture them .
kawakatsu , m . , oki , i . , tamura , s . , yamayoshi , t . , hauser , j . & friedrich , s . m . g . , 1980 . karyological and taxonomic studies of freshwater planarians in brazil . i . review of the previous studies , with special reference to the taxonomy of dugesia species from south brazil . zool . mag . ( tôkyô ) , 89 : 628 . ( in japanese )
a new species of the genus dugesia is described from the lake ohrid region in the western part of the balkan peninsula , forming the first fully documented species description for this genus in the ohrid area . the morphological species delimitation is supported by complementary molecular , karyological , and cytogenetic data available from the literature . therefore , species delineation is based on a truly integrative approach . further , a short account on the degree of freshwater planarian endemicity in the ohrid region is provided .
in this paper we report on a new species of freshwater planarian of the genus dugesia , forming the first fully documented species description for this genus in the ohrid area . our morphological species delimitation was supported by complementary molecular , karyological , and cytogenetic data available from the literature . therefore , our species delineation is based on a truly integrative approach . further , we provide a short account on the biogeographical patterns in freshwater planarians and their degree of endemicity in the ohrid region .
kawakatsu , m . , 1971 . problems on the morphological variation and the physiological races of a japanese freshwater planarian , dugesia japonica ichikawa et kawakatsu . in : eds . kawakatsu , m . & iba , m . , comm . compil . sci . papers publ . occ . retir . prof . hisao sugino at the age of sixtyfive , ser . turbellarians , biol . lab . ôsaka kyôiku univ . , ôsaka , pp . 43–52 . ( in japanese with english summary )
studies on the phylogeny of dugesia ( sluys et al . 1998 and references therein ) considered the asymmetrical penial papilla to constitute an important taxonomic feature . however , this asymmetry related to the apomorphic presence of a ventral ejaculatory duct . our present study shows that in future analyses this asymmetry needs to be specified by adding a third character state to character ( 1 ) ( sluys et al . 1998 , p . 277 and table ii ) , i . e . ejaculatory duct located dorsally .
the pogradec population had already been subjected to karyological , cytogenetic , and phylogeographic studies before anything was known about the anatomy of the specimens ( see above ) . all of these analyses pointed to a situation that this dugesia population differs considerably from congeneric populations . therefore , it was unsurprising that the anatomy of the pogradec animals suggested also that they represent a new species . as a result of the cumulation of the evidences from these independent datasets , the present delineation of the new species is based on a truly integrative approach to taxonomy .
a molecular cytogenetic comparison of several species and populations of the genus dugesia revealed that these planarians from pogradec besides two telomeric nor loci , also have a ribosomal site located in an intercalated position on the long arm of one of the largest chromosomes ( batistoni et al . 1999 ) . this peculiar condition differs from other planarian taxa , in which 18s + 28s rrna genes appeared preferentially located on telomeric regions of medium - sized chromosomes , and was interpreted by the authors as a structural chromosomal rearrangement , such as a paracentric inversion , suggesting a case of speciation .
in conclusion , it appears that d . sicula has reached a large proportion of the area of its potentially favourable distribution in the mediterranean basin , being a remarkable case of a broad colonisation , in extreme contrast with the rest of mediterranean dugesia species , with all of them being endemic or with very restricted distributions . d . sicula expansion is now limited to spreading to new freshwater basins within the areas it currently inhabits . however , future changes increasing the temperature , such as those predicted by climate change hypothesis , could expand its fitted area to more northern and interior areas .
dendrocoelum adenodactylosum is very common in the lake , in its tributary streams and springs and also in lake prespa , a nearby lake southeast of lake ohrid that is a major water supplier for the latter . six species are found in surrounding streams and springs and do not occur in the lake proper , viz . dugesia superioris , dendrocoelum jablanicense ( stanković & komárek , 1927 ) , schmidtea lugubris ( schmidt , 1861 ) , crenobia alpina montenigrina ( mrázek , 1904 ) , planaria torva ( müller , 1774 ) , and polycelis tenuis ijima , 1884 . dendrocoelum jablanicense is endemic of the lake ohrid region , while the others concern widespread species .
a review of previous studies on the taxonomy , karyology and chorology of a polymorphic species dugesia japonica from the far east is presented . two subspecies are now known : d . j . japonica ( n = 8 , 2x = 16 , 3x = 24 ) and d . j . ryukyuensis ( n = 7 , 2x = 14 , 3x = 21 ) . an attempt has also been made to determine the definition of the b - chromosome as lb and sb and the variation of the karyotypes of both subspecies is described . every known karyotype of d . japonica is classified into six groups ( see table 2 ) . d . japonica from many localities has a diploid karyotype ( 2x ) , a triploid karyotype ( 3x ) and an orthoploidic mixoploid karyotype of 2x & 3x . the origin and the karyological significance of these karyotypes are discussed .
a unique aspect of planarians is that they can regenerate a brain from somatic pluripotent stem cells called neoblasts , which have the ability to produce themselves ( self - renew ) and to give rise to all missing cell types during regeneration . recent molecular studies have revealed that the planarian brain is composed of many distinct neuronal populations , which are evolutionarily and functionally conserved ones , and acts as an information - processing center to elicit distinct behavioral traits depending on a variety of signals arising from the external environment . how can planarians regenerate such a brain ? on the basis of our recent findings , here we review the cellular and molecular mechanisms that regulate the stem cell dynamics involved in the brain regeneration of the planarian dugesia japonica . our findings suggest the possible value of in vivo planarian studies for guiding regenerative medicine to treat neurodegenerative diseases via interlinking stem cell biology and regeneration biology .
dugesia sicula is the only species of its genus not presenting an endemic or restricted distribution within the mediterranean area . it mostly comprises fissiparous populations ( asexual reproduction by body division and regeneration ) , most likely sexually sterile , and characterized by an extremely low genetic diversity interpreted as the consequence of a recent anthropic expansion . however , its fissiparous reproduction can result in an apparent lack of diversity within the species , since genetic variation within individuals can be as large as between them because most individuals within a population are clones . we have estimated haplotype and nucleotide diversity of cytochrome oxidase i within and among individuals along the species distribution of a broad sample of d . sicula , including asexual and the two only sexual populations known today ; and predicted its potential distribution based on climatic variables . our aim was to determine the centre of colonisation origin , whether the populations are recent , and whether the species is expanding .
asexual worms of fissiparous strain of the planarian dugesia ryukyuensis switch from asexual to sexual reproduction , if they are fed with sexually mature worms of bdellocephala brunnea . this suggests that the sexually mature worms have a sexualizing substance ( s ) that induces the sexuality in the asexual worms . here , we found by analysis of the sexualization that the cessation of the fission , namely their asexual reproduction , occurs immediately after the acquisition of sexuality . this result suggests that the downstream mechanisms induced by the putative sexualizing substance in b . brunnea become responsible for the cessation of fission . we also found that the decapitation triggers fission in the worms even after the acquisition of sexuality if they are not sexually mature , while the fully sexualized worms never fission even though they are decapitated . this result suggests that the cessation of fission takes place via at least two steps : ( 1 ) the mechanisms associated with the cephalic system ; ( 2 ) other mechanisms independent of cephalic control .
to investigate the relationship between phylogeny and glycan structures , we analyzed the structure of planarian n - glycans . the planarian dugesia japonica , a member of the flatworm family , is a lower metazoan . n - glycans were prepared from whole worms by hydrazinolysis , followed by tagging with the fluorophore 2 - aminopyridine at their reducing end . the labeled n - glycans were purified , and separated by three hplc steps . by comparison with standard pyridylaminated n - glycans , it was shown that the n - glycans of planarian include high mannose - type and pauci - mannose - type glycans . however , many of the major n - glycans from planarians have novel structures , as their elution positions did not match those of the standard glycans . the results of mass spectrometry and sugar component analyses indicated that these glycans include methyl mannoses , and that the most probable linkage was 3 - o - methylation . furthermore , the methyl residues on the most abundant glycan may be attached to the non - reducing - end mannose , as the glycans were resistant to α - mannosidase digestion . these results indicate that methylated high - mannose - type glycans are the most abundant structure in planarians .
an assay system has been established for the sexual induction in the oh strain , an exclusively fissiparous ( asexual ) strain , of dugesia ryukyuensis by feeding them with sexually matured worms of bdellocephala brunnea , an exclusively oviparous ( sexual ) species . in this assay system , asexual worms gradually differentiated sexual organs , namely the ovary , testis , genital pore and yolk gland in this order , and eventually mated and laid cocoons filled with fertilized eggs . although the oh strain worms were believed not to have any sexual organs , a pair of undeveloped ovaries with a few oogonia were detected by an intensive histological search . along with the progression of sexualization , five distinct stages were histologically recognized : in the first stage , the ovaries became larger enough to be externally apparent ; oocytes appeared first at stage 2 ; the primordial testes emerged at stage 3 ; a genital pore opened , yolk gland primordia developed and spermatocytes appeared at stage 4 ; and finally at stage 5 matured spermatozoa and yolk glands were formed . worms in stages 1 and 2 but not in later stages returned asexual if feeding on b . brunnea was interrupted . furthermore , when the worms at stage 3 onwards were cut posterior to the ovaries , all the tail regenerants developed eventually into fully sexualized worms . taking these results in account , we have concluded that the process of sexualization has a point - of - no - return between stages 2 and 3 . it is likely also that the testes , even the primordia , play an important role in the maintenance and development of sexuality .
n2 - an assay system has been established for the sexual induction in the oh strain , an exclusively fissiparous ( asexual ) strain , of dugesia ryukyuensis by feeding them with sexually matured worms of bdellocephala brunnea , an exclusively oviparous ( sexual ) species . in this assay system , asexual worms gradually differentiated sexual organs , namely the ovary , testis , genital pore and yolk gland in this order , and eventually mated and laid cocoons filled with fertilized eggs . although the oh strain worms were believed not to have any sexual organs , a pair of undeveloped ovaries with a few oogonia were detected by an intensive histological search . along with the progression of sexualization , five distinct stages were histologically recognized : in the first stage , the ovaries became larger enough to be externally apparent ; oocytes appeared first at stage 2 ; the primordial testes emerged at stage 3 ; a genital pore opened , yolk gland primordia developed and spermatocytes appeared at stage 4 ; and finally at stage 5 matured spermatozoa and yolk glands were formed . worms in stages 1 and 2 but not in later stages returned asexual if feeding on b . brunnea was interrupted . furthermore , when the worms at stage 3 onwards were cut posterior to the ovaries , all the tail regenerants developed eventually into fully sexualized worms . taking these results in account , we have concluded that the process of sexualization has a point - of - no - return between stages 2 and 3 . it is likely also that the testes , even the primordia , play an important role in the maintenance and development of sexuality .
ab - an assay system has been established for the sexual induction in the oh strain , an exclusively fissiparous ( asexual ) strain , of dugesia ryukyuensis by feeding them with sexually matured worms of bdellocephala brunnea , an exclusively oviparous ( sexual ) species . in this assay system , asexual worms gradually differentiated sexual organs , namely the ovary , testis , genital pore and yolk gland in this order , and eventually mated and laid cocoons filled with fertilized eggs . although the oh strain worms were believed not to have any sexual organs , a pair of undeveloped ovaries with a few oogonia were detected by an intensive histological search . along with the progression of sexualization , five distinct stages were histologically recognized : in the first stage , the ovaries became larger enough to be externally apparent ; oocytes appeared first at stage 2 ; the primordial testes emerged at stage 3 ; a genital pore opened , yolk gland primordia developed and spermatocytes appeared at stage 4 ; and finally at stage 5 matured spermatozoa and yolk glands were formed . worms in stages 1 and 2 but not in later stages returned asexual if feeding on b . brunnea was interrupted . furthermore , when the worms at stage 3 onwards were cut posterior to the ovaries , all the tail regenerants developed eventually into fully sexualized worms . taking these results in account , we have concluded that the process of sexualization has a point - of - no - return between stages 2 and 3 . it is likely also that the testes , even the primordia , play an important role in the maintenance and development of sexuality .
abstract =
an assay system has been established for the sexual induction in the oh strain , an exclusively fissiparous ( asexual ) strain , of dugesia ryukyuensis by feeding them with sexually matured worms of bdellocephala brunnea , an exclusively oviparous ( sexual ) species . in this assay system , asexual worms gradually differentiated sexual organs , namely the ovary , testis , genital pore and yolk gland in this order , and eventually mated and laid cocoons filled with fertilized eggs . although the oh strain worms were believed not to have any sexual organs , a pair of undeveloped ovaries with a few oogonia were detected by an intensive histological search . along with the progression of sexualization , five distinct stages were histologically recognized : in the first stage , the ovaries became larger enough to be externally apparent ; oocytes appeared first at stage 2 ; the primordial testes emerged at stage 3 ; a genital pore opened , yolk gland primordia developed and spermatocytes appeared at stage 4 ; and finally at stage 5 matured spermatozoa and yolk glands were formed . worms in stages 1 and 2 but not in later stages returned asexual if feeding on b . brunnea was interrupted . furthermore , when the worms at stage 3 onwards were cut posterior to the ovaries , all the tail regenerants developed eventually into fully sexualized worms . taking these results in account , we have concluded that the process of sexualization has a point - of - no - return between stages 2 and 3 . it is likely also that the testes , even the primordia , play an important role in the maintenance and development of sexuality .
,
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confused by a class within a class or an order within an order ? please see our brief essay .
to cite this page : myers , p . , r . espinosa , c . s . parr , t . jones , g . s . hammond , and t . a . dewey . 2018 . the animal diversity web ( online ) . accessed at https : / / animaldiversity . org .
disclaimer : the animal diversity web is an educational resource written largely by and for college students . adw doesn ' t cover all species in the world , nor does it include all the latest scientific information about organisms we describe . though we edit our accounts for accuracy , we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts . while adw staff and contributors provide references to books and websites that we believe are reputable , we cannot necessarily endorse the contents of references beyond our control .
this material is based upon work supported by the national science foundation grants drl 0089283 , drl 0628151 , due 0633095 , drl 0918590 , and due 1122742 . additional support has come from the marisla foundation , um college of literature , science , and the arts , museum of zoology , and information and technology services .
is a triclad turbellarian found across north america . human activities have extended the range of
to parts of northwestern europe and eastern asia , with notable population densities in great britain and japan .
( cash , et al . , 1993 ; gee , et al . , 1998 ; pickavance , 1971 ; sluys , et al . , 2010 )
is typically present in lakes , ponds , and streams in temperate regions . it shows negative phototaxis and dwells in the benthic zones of freshwater biomes as a result . the microhabitats for this organism include the undersides of rocks , plant material , and other types of debris found on lake and stream beds . the existing literature does not specify a depth range for the organism , but studies indicate the presence of
( folsom and clifford , 1978 ; gee , et al . , 1998 ; stokely , et al . , 1965 ; takano , et al . , 2007 )
is colloquially known as a flatworm , and it has a body that is flattened dorsoventrally . additionally , the body plan exhibits cephalization , and the body surface is covered with cilia used to facilitate gliding locomotion . sensory lobes known as auricles make the head region look triangular , and eyespots called ocelli are found on the head . in terms of coloration , the body is typically brown with white and yellow spots . the average length of
is 9 to 15 mm , but body dimensions can vary due to the organism ' s ability to regenerate lost parts .
( pickavance , 1971 ; salo and baguna , 1984 ; sluys , et al . , 2010 ; smales and blankespoor , 1978 )
that are produced sexually hatch from a cocoon , and are typically 2 . 0 to 4 . 5 mm in length when first hatched . they are transparent , and have visible yellow yolk cells . as they grow , they use up the yolk , and the spots of pigment grow and darken . individuals are considered mature after reaching a mean length of 9 mm .
is hermaphroditic , and only some populations reproduce sexually . there is no courtship process , and when one individual encounters another , it glides on top of it . they either both face the same direction or opposite directions , and the top flatworm moves its head back and forth over either the head or dorsal side of the bottom flatworm , stimulating it . after several minutes , both lift their tail ends , maneuvering so that both ventral sides meet , and the penes are mutually inserted . copulation can last 1 minute to 1 . 5 hours , and ends when the pair separates and leaves . individuals can mate many times in their lives .
reproduces both sexually and asexually . some populations reproduce solely sexually , while others reproduce only by fission , and still other populations reproduce both ways . high temperatures ( at approximately 26°c ) permit asexual transverse fission , whereas lower temperatures ( approximately 20°c ) yield a preference for sexual reproduction . some populations therefore switch from asexual fission to mating seasonally . reproduction for
reaches its peak during the summer months . an adult delivers a cocoon that attaches to surfaces by means of a short stalk . the cocoons have mean diameter of 1 . 30 mm and give rise to a mean of about 4 newborns upon hatching . an individual can produce multiple cocoons during its lifetime .
( folsom and clifford , 1978 ; vowinckel and marsden , 1971 ; vreys , et al . , 2002 )
produces a cocoon for every group of offspring produced , and provides provisioning . otherwise , there is no parental care .
do not show any signs of degenerative aging due to their regenerative capabilities . it is reported that the mortality rates of fed individuals are negligible because they are solely due to experimental accidents . it is also presented in the literature that
is able to reabsorb its body tissues and shrink in size to prevent death from famine .
is free - swimming and exhibits gliding locomotion with the help of mucus secretions as well as cilia that cover the body surface . individuals can be found both independently or in groups . group foraging has been observed to increase rates of daily per capita ingestion , which drives increased rates of asexual fission .
( cash , et al . , 1993 ; pickavance , 1971 ; smales and blankespoor , 1978 )
is considered one of the most primitive animal forms known to possess a central nervous system for higher order perception and integration . these flatworms are equipped with two eyespots called ocelli that appear as dark pigment cups on the anterior dorsal surface .
also has two earlike lobes as part of its anterior head region that function in tactile and chemical sensation . these structures , called auricles , have receptors and cilia on them to facilitate such sensation and perception . gliding mobility is facilitated by cilia covering the body surface , and the organism shows negative phototaxis upon exposure to light .
( smales and blankespoor , 1978 ; takano , et al . , 2007 )
uses its mucus secretions not only for gliding locomotion but also for capturing prey items . it has been observed that
exhibits a threshold temperature for feeding . feeding is significantly reduced or completely stops below a critical temperature of 6°c .
functions to inhibit being captured by these organisms . group foraging is reported to increase survival rates .
( cash , et al . , 1993 ; davies and reynoldson , 1969 )
serves as prey to a variety of animals , including fish , amphibians , and insects . it is also a predator itself of insects , aquatic worms , and crustaceans . as a significant predator of insect larvae , particularly mosquitoes ,
has been introduced to catch basins in ontario to successfully limit the population growth of immature mosquitoes . however , mosquito populations were not observed to be effectively controlled after introducing these flatworms to vernal pools in north dakota .
( cash , et al . , 1993 ; davies and reynoldson , 1969 ; meyer and learned , 1981 )
is equipped with a central nervous system ( cns ) for integrative neuronal communication and has regenerative abilities . consequently , this flatworm has been increasingly used as a model organism for educational and research purposes to better understand both tissue regeneration as a result of wear and tear and brain development as the main neural processing center in animals . genetic research at the molecular level is currently underway for these organisms to attempt to shed light on human growth , development , and tissue turnover . additionally ,
has been introduced to some bodies of water in an attempt to control mosquito populations through larval predation by these flatworms , to varying degrees of success .
( meyer and learned , 1981 ; salo and baguna , 1984 ; takano , et al . , 2007 )
it is suggested that feeding populations of this species do not age and are therefore considered immortal due to their regenerative capabilities .
in terms of its growth and regenerative patterns are regulated by a temporal pattern . the rate of mitosis is observed to have an initial maximum 4 to 12 hours after injury , fall to a minimum at 1 day , and then rebound to attain a second maximum after 2 to 3 days . anterior and posterior regenerative patterns show the most rapid rate of mitotic activity residing near the site of a wound and diminishing at body sections away from an injured body section .
rosario saccomanno ( author ) , the college of new jersey , keith pecor ( editor ) , the college of new jersey , angela miner ( editor ) , animal diversity web staff .
living in the nearctic biogeographic province , the northern part of the new world . this includes greenland , the canadian arctic islands , and all of the north american as far south as the highlands of central mexico .


dichomeris dysnotata is a moth in the gelechiidae family .

it was described by janse in 1954 .

it is found in namibia and south africa .

dichomeris dysnotata

this is the place for dysnotata definition . you find here dysnotata meaning , synonyms of dysnotata and images for dysnotata copyright 2017 © urltoken
here you will find one or more explanations in english for the word dysnotata . also in the bottom left of the page several parts of wikipedia pages related to the word dysnotata and , of course , dysnotata synonyms and on the right images related to the word dysnotata .
trichotaphe dysnotata janse , 1954 ; moths s . afr . 5 ( 4 ) : 414
vad betyder dichomeris ? här finner du 2 definitioner av dichomeris . du kan även lägga till betydelsen av dichomeris själv
dichomeris är ett släkte av fjärilar som beskrevs av hübner 1818 . dichomeris ingår i familjen stävmalar .
dichomeris acmodeta ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 12
dichomeris agorastis ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 13
dichomeris albula ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 13
dichomeris apicispina ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 14
dichomeris apludella ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 14
dichomeris bifurca ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 15
dichomeris bomiensis ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 16
dichomeris bucinaria ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 16
dichomeris consertella ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 18
dichomeris cuprea ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 18
dichomeris cuspis ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 18
dichomeris diffurca ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 20
dichomeris fareasta ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 20
dichomeris fuscahopa ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 21
dichomeris fuscanella ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 21
dichomeris gansuensis ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 21
dichomeris hodgesi ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 22
dichomeris jiangxiensis ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 23
dichomeris lativalvata ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 23
dichomeris lespedezae ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 23
dichomeris lutilinea ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 25
dichomeris manticopodina ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 25
dichomeris menglana ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 26
dichomeris millotella viette , 1956 ; nat . malgache 8 ( 2 ) : 212
dichomeris minutia ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 26
dichomeris mitteri ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 27
dichomeris molybdoterma meyrick , 1933 ; exotic microlep . 4 ( 12 ) : 353
dichomeris ningshanensis ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 27
dichomeris nivalis ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 27
dichomeris paulianella viette , 1956 ; nat . malgache 8 ( 2 ) : 213
dichomeris polygona ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 29
dichomeris polypunctata ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 29
dichomeris qingchengshanensis ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 30
dichomeris quadratipalpa ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 30
dichomeris quadrifurca ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 30
dichomeris sexafurca ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 31
dichomeris shenae ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 31
dichomeris spicans ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 32
dichomeris spuracuminata ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 32
dichomeris stasimopa meyrick , 1937 ; exotic microlep . 5 ( 3 ) : 94
dichomeris strictella ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 32
dichomeris synergastis ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 32
dichomeris tersa ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 33
dichomeris varifurca ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 34
dichomeris violacula ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 34
dichomeris wuyiensis ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 34
dichomeris yuebana ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 34
dichomeris yunnanensis ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 35
dichomeris zymotella viette , 1956 ; nat . malgache 8 ( 2 ) : 215
dichomeris junisonensis matsumura , 1931 ; 6000 illust . insects japan . - empire : 1082
dichomeris acritopa meyrick , 1935 ; mat . microlep . fauna chin . prov . : 72
dichomeris dolichaula meyrick , 1931 ; exotic microlep . 4 ( 2 - 4 ) : 67
dichomeris loxonoma meyrick , 1937 ; exotic microlep . 5 ( 4 - 5 ) : 123
dichomeris nyingchiensis li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 254
dichomeris fuscahopa li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 242
dichomeris fuscusitis li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 243
dichomeris gansuensis li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 247
dichomeris hodgesi li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 232
dichomeris jiangxiensis li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 244
dichomeris junisonis [ sic ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 23
dichomeris yunnanensis li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 254
dichomeris cuspis park , 1994 ; insecta koreana 11 : 19 ; tl : gangweon prov . , korea
dichomeris derasella ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 19 ; [ fe ]
dichomeris fareasta park , 1994 ; insecta koreana 11 : 15 ; tl : gangweon prov . , korea
dichomeris lamprostoma ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 23 ; [ fe ]
dichomeris mitteri park , 1994 ; insecta koreana 11 : 17 ; tl : gangweon prov . , korea
dichomeris praevacua ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 :
dichomeris strictella park , 1994 ; insecta koreana 11 : 11 ; tl : gangweon prov . , korea
dichomeris acritopa ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 12
dichomeris adelocentra ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 13
dichomeris albiscripta ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 13
dichomeris allantopa ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 13
dichomeris amphichlora ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 13
dichomeris ampliata ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 14
dichomeris anisospila ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 14
dichomeris antiloxa ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 14
dichomeris antisticta ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 14
dichomeris asodes ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 15
dichomeris barymochla ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 15
dichomeris brachygrapha ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 16
dichomeris brachyptila ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 16
dichomeris caerulescens ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 16
dichomeris cellaria ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 16
dichomeris centracma ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 17
dichomeris ceponoma ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 17
dichomeris charonaea ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 17
dichomeris chartaria ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 17
dichomeris chinganella ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 17
dichomeris chlanidota ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 17
dichomeris cinnabarina ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 17
dichomeris citharista ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 17
dichomeris clarescens ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 17
dichomeris cocta ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 17
dichomeris contentella ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 18
dichomeris corniculata ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 18
dichomeris crepitatrix ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 18
dichomeris deceptella ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 19
dichomeris deltoxyla ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 19
dichomeris diacrita ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 19
dichomeris dicausta ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 19
dichomeris doxarcha ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 20
dichomeris eridantis ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 20
dichomeris eucomopa ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 20
dichomeris excoriata ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 20
dichomeris ferrata ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 20
dichomeris ferruginosa ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 20
dichomeris frenigera ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 21
dichomeris fungifera ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 21
dichomeris geochrota ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 21
dichomeris horoglypta ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 22
dichomeris ignorata ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 22
dichomeris illicita ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 22
dichomeris illucescens ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 22
dichomeris imbricata ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 22
dichomeris immerita ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 22
dichomeris indiserta ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 22
dichomeris intensa ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 22
dichomeris isoclera ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 23
dichomeris leptosaris ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 23
dichomeris leucothicta ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 24
dichomeris levigata ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 24
dichomeris lissota ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 24
dichomeris litoxyla ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 24
dichomeris lupata ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 25
dichomeris macroxyla ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 25
dichomeris malachias ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 25
dichomeris malacodes ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 25
dichomeris melanortha ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 26
dichomeris melitura ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 26
dichomeris mesoglena ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 26
dichomeris metatoxa ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 26
dichomeris metuens ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 26
dichomeris microdoxa ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 26
dichomeris microsphena meyrick , 1921 ; zool . meded . leyden 6 : 166 ; tl : java , buitenzorg
dichomeris oceanis ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 27
dichomeris olivescens ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 28
dichomeris ostracodes ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 28
dichomeris pelitis ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 28
dichomeris petalodes ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 28
dichomeris planata ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 29
dichomeris polyaema ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 29
dichomeris praealbescens ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 29
dichomeris procrossa ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 29
dichomeris pseudometra ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 30
dichomeris ptychosema ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 30
dichomeris sciodora ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 31
dichomeris semnias ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 31
dichomeris siranta ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 31
dichomeris summata ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 32
dichomeris synclepta ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 32
dichomeris tephroxesta ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 33
dichomeris testudinata ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 33
dichomeris tetraschema ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 33
dichomeris thyrsicola ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 33
dichomeris toxolyca ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 33
dichomeris traumatias ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 33
dichomeris uranopis ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 33
dichomeris viridella ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 34
dichomeris indigna ; hodges , 1986 , moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 54 ( note )
dichomeris ceratomoxantha ; hodges , 1986 , moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 63 ( note )
dichomeris adelocentra meyrick , 1920 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 10 ) : 305 ; tl : java , butenzorg
dichomeris albula park & hodges , 1995 ; insecta koreana 12 : 22 ; tl : taipei co . , taiwan
dichomeris baccata meyrick , 1923 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 20 ) : 621 ; tl : brazil , teffé
= dichomeris bisignella ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 16
dichomeris brachygrapha meyrick , 1920 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 10 ) : 305 ; tl : assam , khasis
dichomeris bucinaria park , 1996 ; tinea 14 ( 4 ) : 230 ; tl : pintung co . , taiwan
dichomeris chalcophaea meyrick , 1921 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 14 ) : 434 ; tl : queensland , brisbane
dichomeris fida meyrick , 1923 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 20 ) : 620 ; tl : brazil , para
dichomeris fusca park & hodges , 1995 ; insecta koreana 12 : 49 ; tl : taichung co . , taiwan
dichomeris fuscalis park & hodges , 1995 ; insecta koreana 12 : 16 ; tl : taipei co . , taiwan
dichomeris harmonias meyrick , 1922 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 16 ) : 504 ; tl : china , shanghai
dichomeris horiodes meyrick , 1923 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 20 ) : 620 ; tl : brazil , parintins
dichomeris horoglypta meyrick , 1932 ; exotic microlep . 4 ( 7 ) : 202 ; tl : hasimoto , japan
dichomeris ingloria meyrick , 1923 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 20 ) : 621 ; tl : peru , lima
dichomeris leptosaris meyrick , 1932 ; exotic microlep . 4 ( 7 ) : 202 ; tl : hokkaido , japan
dichomeris leucothicta meyrick , 1919 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 8 ) : 235 ; tl : bombay , dharwar
dichomeris lucrifuga meyrick , 1923 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 20 ) : 620 ; tl : brazil , para
dichomeris lutivittata meyrick , 1921 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 14 ) : 434 ; tl : queensland , brisbane
dichomeris mesoctenis meyrick , 1921 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 14 ) : 434 ; tl : queensland , brisbane
dichomeris mesoglena meyrick , 1923 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 20 ) : 619 ; tl : coorg , pollibetta
dichomeris metuens meyrick , 1932 ; exotic microlep . 4 ( 7 ) : 201 ; tl : seneng , java
dichomeris ochthophora meyrick , 1936 ; exotic microlep . 5 ( 2 ) : 46 ; tl : taihoku , formosa
dichomeris orientis park & hodges , 1995 ; insecta koreana 12 : 36 ; tl : kaohsiung co . , taiwan
dichomeris praevacua meyrick , 1922 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 16 ) : 504 ; tl : china , shanghai
dichomeris quercicola meyrick , 1921 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 14 ) : 433 ; tl : punjab , kangra
dichomeris saturata meyrick , 1923 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 20 ) : 621 ; tl : brazil , obidos
dichomeris sciodora meyrick , 1922 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 16 ) : 504 ; tl : assam , khasis
dichomeris symmetrica park & hodges , 1995 ; insecta koreana 12 : 20 ; tl : taitung co . , taiwan
dichomeris syndias [ sic , recte syndyas ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 32
dichomeris thermodryas meyrick , 1923 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 20 ) : 621 ; tl : peru , iquitos
dichomeris trilobella park & hodges , 1995 ; insecta koreana 12 : 42 ; tl : pingtung co . , taiwan
dichomeris anisospila meyrick , 1934 ; dt . ent . z . iris 48 : 34 ; tl : guangdong , china
dichomeris argentaria meyrick , 1913 ; ann . transv . mus . 3 ( 4 ) : 304 ; tl : barberton
dichomeris cotifera meyrick , 1913 ; ann . transv . mus . 3 ( 4 ) : 303 ; tl : barberton
dichomeris cuprea li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 237 ; tl : shaanxi
dichomeris exsecta meyrick , 1927 ; exot . microlep . 3 ( 12 ) : 354 ; tl : rhodesia , mazoe
dichomeris ignorata meyrick , 1921 ; zool . meded . leyden 6 : 165 ; tl : java , preangor , 5000ft
dichomeris melanortha meyrick , 1929 ; exot . microlep . 3 ( 16 ) : 510 ; tl : bombay , poona
dichomeris monorbella viette , 1988 ; bull . soc . ent . fr . 93 ( 3 - 4 ) : 104
dichomeris squalens meyrick , 1914 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1914 : 282 ; tl : british guiana
resupina omelko , 1999 ; keys ins . russian far east 5 ( 2 ) : 107 ; ts : dichomeris okadai moriuti
dichomeris tactica meyrick , 1918 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 5 ) : 152 ; tl : ecuador , huigra , 4500ft
dichomeris acrolychna meyrick , 1922 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1922 : 112 ; tl : brazil , para
dichomeris allantopa meyrick , 1934 ; exotic microlep . 4 ( 16 - 17 ) : 512 ; tl : nilambur , madras
dichomeris alogista meyrick , 1935 ; mat . microlep . fauna chin . prov . : 72 ; tl : hunan , china
dichomeris brachymetra meyrick , 1923 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 20 ) : 620 ; tl : peru , chosica , 2800m
dichomeris brachyptila meyrick , 1916 ; exot . microlep . 1 ( 19 ) : 584 ; tl : upper burma , myitkyina
dichomeris ceponoma meyrick , 1918 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 5 ) : 151 ; tl : coorg , dibidi , 3500ft
dichomeris davisi park & hodges , 1995 ; insecta koreana 12 : 35 ; tl : taiwan , taipei co . , sirin
dichomeris ellipsias meyrick , 1922 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1922 : 114 ; tl : peru , iquitos
dichomeris lushanae park & hodges , 1995 ; insecta koreana 12 : 22 ; tl : taiwan , taipei co . , sozan
dichomeris moriutii ; li , zhen , kendrick & sterling , 2010 , shilap revta lepid . 38 ( 149 ) : 73
dichomeris physocoma meyrick , 1926 ; exot . microlep . 3 ( 9 ) : 286 ; tl : sierra leone , mabang
dichomeris procyphodes meyrick , 1922 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1922 : 115 ; tl : brazil , parintins
dichomeris rhodophaea meyrick , 1920 ; in alluaud & jeannel , voyage afr . orientale , ins . lép . 2 : 73
dichomeris simaoensis ; li , zhen , kendrick & sterling , 2010 , shilap revta lepid . 38 ( 149 ) : 74
dichomeris stratigera meyrick , 1922 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1922 : 111 ; tl : brazil , parintins
dichomeris subdentata meyrick , 1922 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1922 : 113 ; tl : brazil , santarem
dichomeris testudinata meyrick , , 1934 ; dt . ent . z . iris 48 : 34 ; tl : guangdong , china
dichomeris thalamopa meyrick , 1922 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1922 : 112 ; tl : brail , téffe
dichomeris xanthodeta meyrick , 1913 ; ann . transv . mus . 3 ( 4 ) : 305 ; tl : three sisters
dichomeris zonata ; li , zhen , kendrick & sterling , 2010 , shilap revta lepid . 38 ( 149 ) : 74
dichomeris liui li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 234 ; tl : jiangxi , china
dichomeris qinlingensis li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 235 ; tl : shaanxi , china
dichomeris aequata meyrick , 1914 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1914 : 282 ; tl : british guiana , bartica
dichomeris agathopa meyrick , 1921 ; ann . transv . mus . 8 ( 2 ) : 85 ; tl : rhodesia , umtali
dichomeris anisacuminata li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 231 ; tl : china , jiangxi
dichomeris antizyga meyrick , 1913 ; ann . transv . mus . 3 ( 4 ) : 303 ; tl : barberton , pretoria
dichomeris aphanopa meyrick , 1921 ; ann . transv . mus . 8 ( 2 ) : 83 ; tl : rhodesia , umtali
dichomeris apicispina li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 241 ; tl : jiangxi , china
dichomeris asteropis meyrick , 1921 ; ann . transv . mus . 8 ( 2 ) : 83 ; tl : rhodesia , umvuma
dichomeris attenta meyrick , 1921 ; ann . transv . mus . 8 ( 2 ) : 84 ; tl : rhodesia , umvuma
dichomeris bifurca li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 251 ; tl : jiangxi , china
dichomeris bodenheimeri ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 16 ; [ afromoths ]
dichomeris bomiensis li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 238 ; tl : china , xizang
dichomeris cachrydias meyrick , 1914 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1914 : 283 ; tl : british guiana , mallali
dichomeris decusella ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 19 ; [ afromoths ]
dichomeris diffurca li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 253 ; tl : fujian , china
dichomeris eustacta meyrick , 1921 ; ann . transv . mus . 8 ( 2 ) : 84 ; tl : rhodesia , umtali
dichomeris excepta meyrick , 1914 ; exot . microlep . 1 ( 9 ) : 279 ; tl : nyassaland , mt . mlanje
dichomeris hylurga meyrick , 1921 ; ann . transv . mus . 8 ( 2 ) : 83 ; tl : rhodesia , salisbury
dichomeris impigra meyrick , 1913 ; ann . transv . mus . 3 ( 4 ) : 305 ; tl : barberton , haenertsburg
dichomeris indiserta meyrick , 1926 ; exot . microlep . 3 ( 9 ) : 285 ; tl : malay states , kuala lumpur
dichomeris lativalvata li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 248 ; tl : jiangxi , china
dichomeris manticopodina li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 239 ; tl : shaanxi , china
dichomeris menglana li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 257 ; tl : yunnan , china
dichomeris ningshanensis li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 245 ; tl : shaanxi , china
dichomeris nivalis li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 249 ; tl : jiangxi , china
dichomeris opsonoma meyrick , 1914 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1914 : 281 ; tl : british guiana , bartica
dichomeris pladarota meyrick , 1921 ; ann . transv . mus . 8 ( 2 ) : 84 ; tl : rhodesia , umtali
dichomeris polygona li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 243 ; tl : sichuan , china
dichomeris qingchengshanensis li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 245 ; tl : sichuan , china
dichomeris quadratipalpa li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 238 ; tl : shaanxi , china
dichomeris quadrifurca li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 252 ; tl : fujian , china
dichomeris sexafurca li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 249 ; tl : jiangxi , china
dichomeris shenae li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 246 ; tl : jiangxi , china
dichomeris spicans li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 247 ; tl : jiangxi , china
dichomeris spuracuminata li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 230 ; tl : shaanxi , china
dichomeris stromatias meyrick , 1918 ; ann . transv . mus . 6 ( 2 ) : 23 ; tl : zululand , nkwaleni
dichomeris tersa li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 241 ; tl : shaanxi , china
dichomeris varifurca li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 250 ; tl : jiangxi , china
dichomeris violacula li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 237 ; tl : gansu , china
dichomeris wuyiensis li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 255 ; tl : jiangxi , china
dichomeris xestobyrsa meyrick , 1921 ; ann . transv . mus . 8 ( 2 ) : 82 ; tl : rhodesia , salisbury
dichomeris yuebana li & zheng , 1996 ; shilap revta lepid . 24 ( 95 ) : 236 ; tl : shaanxi , china
dichomeris obscura li & zheng , 1997 ; entomologia sin . 4 ( 3 ) : 223 ; tl : fengxian , shaanxi , 1600m
dichomeris angustiptera li & zheng , 1997 ; entomologia sin . 4 ( 3 ) : 228 ; tl : fengxian , shaanxi , 1600m
dichomeris acrogypsa turner , 1919 ; proc . r . soc . qd 31 ( 10 ) : 168 ; tl : queensland , rosewood
dichomeris aculata ; ponomarenko & ueda , 2004 , trans . lepid . soc . japan 55 ( 3 ) : 147 ( note )
dichomeris ampliata meyrick , 1913 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 22 ( 1 ) : 175 ; tl : khasis
dichomeris cirrhostola turner , 1919 ; proc . r . soc . qd 31 ( 10 ) : 169 ; tl : queensland , adavale
dichomeris deltaspis ; ponomarenko & ueda , 2004 , trans . lepid . soc . japan 55 ( 3 ) : 155 ( note )
dichomeris excoriata meyrick , 1913 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 22 ( 1 ) : 174 ; tl : khasis
dichomeris ferrata meyrick , 1913 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 22 ( 1 ) : 174 ; tl : khasis
dichomeris ferrogra li & wang , 1997 ; entomologia sin . 4 ( 3 ) : 225 ; tl : mengla , yunnan , 630m
dichomeris ferruginosa meyrick , 1913 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 22 ( 1 ) : 173 ; tl : khasis
dichomeris heteracma meyrick , 1923 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 20 ) : 622 ; tl : brazil , teffé ; peru , iquitos
dichomeris instans meyrick , 1923 ; exotic microlep . 2 ( 20 ) : 619 ; tl : peru , iquitos ; brazil , teffé
dichomeris lividula park & hodges , 1995 ; insecta koreana 12 : 57 ; tl : taiwan , hualien co . , pianau - col
dichomeris oleata meyrick , 1913 ; ann . transv . mus . 3 ( 4 ) : 305 ; tl : barberton , three sisters
dichomeris ostracodes meyrick , 1916 ; exot . microlep . 1 ( 19 ) : 583 ; tl : upper burma , lashio , 3000ft
dichomeris petalodes meyrick , 1934 ; exotic microlep . 4 ( 16 - 17 ) : 512 ; tl : nilambur , madras , india
dichomeris pleuroleuca turner , 1919 ; proc . r . soc . qd 31 ( 10 ) : 169 ; tl : queensland , eidsvold
dichomeris ptychosema meyrick , 1913 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 22 ( 1 ) : 175 ; tl : khasis
dichomeris rectifascia li & zheng , 1997 ; entomologia sin . 4 ( 3 ) : 220 ; tl : kangxian , gansu , 800m
dichomeris simaoensis li & wang , 1997 ; entomologia sin . 4 ( 3 ) : 221 ; tl : simao , yunnan , 325m
dichomeris summata meyrick , 1913 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 22 ( 1 ) : 172 ; tl : khasis
dichomeris varronia busck , 1913 ; ins . inscit . menstr . 1 ( 7 ) : 89 ; tl : kitty , british guiana
dichomeris ventosa meyrick , 1913 ; ann . transv . mus . 3 ( 4 ) : 304 ; tl : barberton , three sisters
dichomeris zonata li & wang , 1997 ; entomologia sin . 4 ( 3 ) : 222 ; tl : simao , yunnan , 325m
dichomeris tostella ; hodges , 1986 , moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 72 ( note ) ; [ nhm card ]
dichomeris amphicoma meyrick , 1912 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1911 ( 4 ) : 695 ; tl : brazil , santos
dichomeris antisticha meyrick , 1926 ; exot . microlep . 3 ( 9 ) : 285 ; tl : costa rica , vulkan irazu , 4000ft
dichomeris fluitans meyrick , 1920 ; ann . s . afr . mus . 17 ( 4 ) : 284 ; tl : natal , howick
dichomeris litoxyla meyrick , 1937 ; exotic microlep . 5 ( 4 - 5 ) : 123 ; tl : yakovlevka , primorkii krai , russia
dichomeris nessica walsingham , 1911 ; biol . centr . - amer . lep . heterocera 4 : 95 ; tl : panama , la chorrera
dichomeris taiwana park & hodges , 1995 ; insecta koreana 12 : 48 ; tl : taiwan , nantou co . , sunmoon lake , 760m
dichomeris zomias meyrick , 1914 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1914 : 283 ; tl : british guiana , bartica and mallali
dichomeris hirculella busck , 1909 ; proc . ent . soc . wash . 11 ( 2 ) : 89 ; tl : east river , connecticut
dichomeris clarescens meyrick , 1913 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 22 ( 1 ) : 174 ; tl : maskeliya , ceylon
dichomeris dysorata turner , 1919 ; proc . r . soc . qd 31 ( 10 ) : 170 ; tl : new south wales , syndey
dichomeris elegans park , 2001 ; insecta koreana 18 ( 4 ) : 308 ; tl : taiwan , pingtung co . , kenting park , 50m
dichomeris jugata walsingham , 1911 ; biol . centr . - amer . lep . heterocera 4 : 97 ; tl : mexico , tabasco , teapa
dichomeris mengdana li & zheng , 1997 ; entomologia sin . 4 ( 3 ) : 227 ; tl : mengda , xunhua , qinghai , 2240m
dichomeris miltophragma meyrick , 1922 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1922 : 115 ; tl : brazil , para , obidos , parintins
dichomeris ptilocompa meyrick , 1922 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1922 : 113 ; tl : brazil , teffé ; peru , jurimaguas
dichomeris substratella walsingham , 1911 ; biol . centr . - amer . lep . heterocera 4 : 93 ; tl : mexico , tabasco , teapa
dichomeris vadonella viette , 1955 ; ann . soc . ent . fr . 123 : 108 ; tl : ne . madagascar , maroantsetra , ambodivoangy
dichomeris xerodes walsingham , 1911 ; biol . centr . - amer . lep . heterocera 4 : 100 ; tl : mexico , tabasco , teapa
= dichomeris setosella ; sattler , 1973 , bull . br . mus . nat . hist . ( ent . ) 28 ( 4 ) : 221
dichomeris glenni clarke , 1947 ; proc . ent . soc . wash . 49 ( 7 ) : 187 ; tl : putnam co . , illinois
dichomeris aomoriensis ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 14 ; ponomarenko , 1998 , far east . ent . 67 : 12
dichomeris ardesiella walsingham , 1911 ; biol . centr . - amer . lep . heterocera 4 : 96 ; tl : mexico , vera cruz , cordova
dichomeris arotrosema walsingham , 1911 ; biol . centr . - amer . lep . heterocera 4 : 95 ; tl : mexico , vera cruz , atoyac
dichomeris asodes meyrick , 1939 ; trans . r . ent . soc . lond . 89 ( 4 ) : 54 ; tl : telawa , java
dichomeris erixantha ; meyrick , 1921 , ann . transv . mus . 8 ( 2 ) : 83 ; [ nhm card ] ; [ afromoths ]
dichomeris eucomopa meyrick , 1939 ; trans . r . ent . soc . lond . 89 ( 4 ) : 54 ; tl : telawa , java
dichomeris loxospila ; [ nhm card ] ; li , zhen , kendrick & sterling , 2010 , shilap revta lepid . 38 ( 149 ) : 77
dichomeris lypetica walsingham , 1911 ; biol . centr . - amer . lep . heterocera 4 : 91 ; tl : mexico , guerrero , amula , 6000ft
dichomeris crepitatrix meyrick , 1913 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 22 ( 1 ) : 173 ; tl : n . coorg , 3500ft
dichomeris dignella walsingham , 1911 ; biol . centr . - amer . lep . heterocera 4 : 91 ; tl : mexico , guerrero , amula , 6000ft
dichomeris excavata busck , 1914 ; proc . u . s . nat . mus . 47 ( 2043 ) : 18 ; tl : porto bello , panama
dichomeris hexasticta walsingham , 1911 ; biol . centr . - amer . lep . heterocera 4 : 94 ; tl : mexico , guerrero , amula , 6000ft
dichomeris imbricata meyrick , 1913 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 22 ( 1 ) : 175 ; tl : n . coorg , 3500ft
dichomeris lutea park & hodges , 1995 ; insecta koreana 12 : 59 ; tl : taiwan , nantou co . , meifeng , 30km s tayuling , 2200m
dichomeris lutilinea ponomarenko & park , 1996 ; korean j . appl . ent . 35 ( 2 ) : 118 ; tl : chuncheon , kangweon prov .
dichomeris metrodes meyrick , 1913 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 22 ( 1 ) : 172 ; tl : hambantota , ceylon ; bombay
dichomeris olivescens meyrick , 1913 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 22 ( 1 ) : 175 ; tl : kandy and maskeliya , ceylon
dichomeris thalpodes meyrick , 1922 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1922 : 111 ; tl : brazil , para ; peru , r . napo
dichomeris tristicta busck , 1914 ; proc . u . s . nat . mus . 47 ( 2043 ) : 17 ; tl : trinidad river , panama
dichomeris melanophylla ; hodges , 1986 , moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 114 ( note ) ; [ nhm card ] ; [ aucl ]
dichomeris angulata ; brown , adamski , hodges & bahr , 2004 , zootaxa 510 : 14 ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 14
dichomeris bulawskii ponomarenko & park , 1996 ; korean j . appl . ent . 35 ( 2 ) : 114 ; tl : 27km sw slavjanka , primorskii krai
dichomeris fusca ; brown , adamski , hodges & bahr , 2004 , zootaxa 510 : 60 ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 49
dichomeris linealis ; brown , adamski , hodges & bahr , 2004 , zootaxa 510 : 83 ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 24
dichomeris lividula ; brown , adamski , hodges & bahr , 2004 , zootaxa 510 : 83 ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 24
dichomeris lushanae ; brown , adamski , hodges & bahr , 2004 , zootaxa 510 : 86 ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 25
dichomeris lutea ; brown , adamski , hodges & bahr , 2004 , zootaxa 510 : 86 ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 25
dichomeris ochreata ; brown , adamski , hodges & bahr , 2004 , zootaxa 510 : 102 ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 27
dichomeris taiwana ; brown , adamski , hodges & bahr , 2004 , zootaxa 510 : 135 ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 32
dichomeris trilobella ; brown , adamski , hodges & bahr , 2004 , zootaxa 510 : 141 ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 33
dichomeris illusio hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 101 , pl . 2 , f . 38 ; tl : hastings , florida
dichomeris imitata hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 104 , pl . 3 , f . 5 ; tl : devers , texas
dichomeris angulata park & hodges , 1995 ; insecta koreana 12 : 43 ; tl : taiwan , nantou co . , leinhauchi forest station , 15km sw puli , 750m
dichomeris aprica ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 15 ; li & sattler , 2012 , zootaxa 3373 : 57
dichomeris enoptrias ; park & hodges , 1995 , insecta koreana 12 : ( 1 - 101 ) ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 20
dichomeris hoplocrates ; park & hodges , 1995 , insecta koreana 12 : ( 1 - 101 ) ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 22
dichomeris issikii ; park & hodges , 1995 , insecta koreana 12 : ( 1 - 101 ) ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 23
dichomeris ochreata park & hodges , 1995 ; insecta koreana 12 : 32 ; tl : taiwan , nantou co . , mei - feng , 30km s tayuling , 2200m
dichomeris pyrrhoschista ; park & hodges , 1995 , insecta koreana 12 : ( 1 - 101 ) ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 30
dichomeris sciritis ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 31 ; li & sattler , 2012 , zootaxa 3373 : 57
dichomeris synergastis ponomarenko & park , 1996 ; korean j . appl . ent . 35 ( 2 ) : 116 ; tl : yong - in , kyunggi prov .
dichomeris viridescens ; park & hodges , 1995 , insecta koreana 12 : ( 1 - 101 ) ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 34
dichomeris offula hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 117 , pl . 3 , f . 21 ; tl : ithaca , new york
dichomeris crepida hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 118 , pl . 3 , f . 22 ; tl : mcclellanville , south carolina
dichomeris santarosensis hodges , 1985 ; proc . ent . soc . wash . 87 ( 2 ) : 456 ; tl : santa rosa national park , guanacaste , costa rica
dichomeris nenia hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 40 , pl . 4 , f . 2 ; tl : bandera co . , texas
dichomeris hypochloa walsingham , 1911 ; biol . centr . - amer . lep . heterocera 4 : 102 , pl . 3 , f . 23 ; tl : mexico , sonora
dichomeris caia hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 62 , pl . 4 , f . 7 ; tl : putnam co . , illinois
dichomeris laetitia hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 88 , pl . 2 , f . 22 ; tl : putnam co . , illinois
dichomeris aleatrix hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 91 , pl . 2 , f . 27 ; tl : putnam co . , illinois
dichomeris furia hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 93 , pl . 2 , f . 30 ; tl : putnam co . , illinois
dichomeris baxa hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 105 , pl . 3 , f . 10 ; tl : presidio of monterey , california
dichomeris cinnamicostella ; walsingham , 1911 , biol . centr . - amer . lep . heterocera 4 : 103 ; [ nhm card ] ; [ sangmi lee & richard brown ]
dichomeris costalis busck , 1914 ; proc . u . s . nat . mus . 47 ( 2043 ) : 18 ; tl : tabogilla i . and porto bello , panama
dichomeris habrochitona walsingham , 1911 ; biol . centr . - amer . lep . heterocera 4 : 102 , pl . 3 , f . 26 ; tl : panama , tabernilla
dichomeris quercicola ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 30 ; ponomarenko , 1998 , far east . ent . 67 : 13
dichomeris carycina ; hodges , 1986 , moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 43 ( note ) ; [ nhm card ] ; [ sangmi lee & richard brown ]
dichomeris caryophragma ; hodges , 1986 , moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 43 ( note ) ; [ nhm card ] ; [ sangmi lee & richard brown ]
dichomeris diacnista ; hodges , 1986 , moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 43 ( note ) ; [ nhm card ] ; [ sangmi lee & richard brown ]
dichomeris lypetica ; [ nhm card ] ; hodges , 1986 , moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 54 ( note ) ; [ sangmi lee & richard brown ]
dichomeris tactica ; [ nhm card ] ; hodges , 1986 , moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 60 ( note ) ; [ sangmi lee & richard brown ]
dichomeris latescens ; hodges , 1986 , moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 63 ( note ) ; [ nhm card ] ; [ sangmi lee & richard brown ]
dichomeris siren hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 64 , pl . 4 , f . 9 ; tl : henson creek , oxon hill , maryland
dichomeris vindex hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 83 , pl . 2 , f . 9 - 10 ; tl : putnam co . , illinois
dichomeris gleba hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 87 , pl . 2 , f . 18 - 20 ; tl : putnam co . , illinois
dichomeris legnotoa hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 101 , pl . 4 , f . 10 ; tl : largo , pinellas co . , florida
dichomeris mimesis hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 101 , pl . 2 , f . 39 ; tl : salmon , anderson co . , texas
dichomeris simulata hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 104 , pl . 3 , f . 4 ; tl : canadian , hemphill co . , texas
dichomeris percnopolis walsingham , 1911 ; biol . centr . - amer . lep . heterocera 4 : 93 , pl . 3 , f . 11 ; tl : guatemala , zapote , 2000ft
dichomeris renascens walsingham , 1911 ; biol . centr . - amer . lep . heterocera 4 : 96 , pl . 3 , f . 14 ; tl : mexico , tabasco , teapa
dichomeris xuthostola walsingham , 1911 ; biol . centr . - amer . lep . heterocera 4 : 101 , pl . 3 , f . 18 ; tl : mexico , tabasco , teapa
dichomeris sylphe hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 58 , pl . 1 , f . 22 ; tl : archbold biological staion , lake placid , florida
dichomeris ardelia hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 62 , pl . 4 , f . 8 ; tl : archbold biological station , lake placid , florida
dichomeris kimballi hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 71 , pl . 1 , f . 30 ; tl : archbold biological staion , lake placid , florida
dichomeris aglaia hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 85 , pl . 2 , f . 15 ; tl : lake placid , florida , archbold biological station
dichomeris anisacuminata ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 14 ; li , zhen , kendrick & sterling , 2010 , shilap revta lepid . 38 ( 149 ) : 74
dichomeris argigastra walsingham , 1911 ; biol . centr . - amer . lep . heterocera 4 : 99 , pl . 3 , f . 16 ; tl : mexico , vera cruz , atoyac
dichomeris autometra ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 15 ; park & hodges , 1995 , insecta koreana 12 : ( 1 - 101 )
dichomeris crambaleas ; [ nhm card ] ; park & hodges , 1995 , insecta koreana 12 : ( 1 - 101 ) ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 18
dichomeris melanota walsingham , 1911 ; biol . centr . - amer . lep . heterocera 4 : 94 , pl . 3 , f . 13 ; tl : mexico , vera cruz , cordova
dichomeris okadai ; [ nhm card ] ; park & hodges , 1995 , insecta koreana 12 : ( 1 - 101 ) ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 28
dichomeris prensans meyrick , 1922 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1922 : 111 ; tl : brazil , para , parintins , manaos ; peru , iquitos ; british guiana , bartica
dichomeris sciastes walsingham , 1911 ; biol . centr . - amer . lep . heterocera 4 : 90 , pl . 3 , f . 10 ; tl : mexico , vera cruz , atoyac
dichomeris gausapa hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : pl . 1 , f . 8 ; tl : madera canyon , 4880 ' , santa rita mts , arizona
= dichomeris acuminata ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 13 ; [ sangmi lee & richard brown ] ; lee , hodges & brown , 2009 , zootaxa 2231 : 34
dichomeris solatrix hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 48 , pl . 1 , f . 15 ; tl : peña blanca canyon , santa cruz co . arizona
= dichomeris punctidiscella ; hodges , 1986 , moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 56 ; [ nhm card ] ; lee , hodges & brown , 2009 , zootaxa 2231 : 36
dichomeris copa hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 92 , pl . 2 , f . 28 ; tl : snyder heights 1100 ' , ithaca , new york
dichomeris achne hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 87 , pl . 2 , f . 34 ; tl : parker is . , highlands co . , florida
dichomeris euprepes hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 110 , pl . 4 , f . 11 ; tl : big black mnts , letcher co . , kentucky
dichomeris carinella walsingham , 1911 ; biol . centr . - amer . lep . heterocera 4 : 99 , pl . 3 , f . 20 ; tl : mexico , guerrero , amula , 6000ft
dichomeris fuscusitis ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 21 ; zhao , park , bae & li , 2017 , zootaxa 4273 ( 2 ) : ( 216 - 234 )
dichomeris intensa meyrick , 1913 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 22 ( 1 ) : 173 ; tl : maskeliya and puttalam , ceylon ; cuddapah , 4000ft , n . coorg
dichomeris leucostena walsingham , 1911 ; biol . centr . - amer . lep . heterocera 4 : 94 , pl . 3 , f . 12 ; tl : mexico , guerrero , amula , 6000ft
dichomeris blanchardorum hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 43 , pl . 1 , f . 10 - 11 ; tl : laguna atascosa , cameron co . , texas
dichomeris gnoma hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 106 , pl . 3 , f . 11 ; tl : shingle creek road , keremeos , british columbia , canada
dichomeris mercatrix hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 110 , pl . 3 , f . 15 ; tl : mclean bogs reserve , tompkins co . , new york
dichomeris bulawskii ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 16 ; ponomarenko & ueda , 2004 , trans . lepid . soc . japan 55 ( 3 ) : 151 ( note )
dichomeris diva hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 57 , pl . 1 , f . 21 ; tl : 1 mi s patagonia , santa cruz co . , arizona
dichomeris fistuca hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 68 , pl . 1 , f . 25 ; tl : wedge plantation , mccellanville , charleston co . , south carolina
dichomeris atomogypsa ; hodges , 1986 , moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 72 ( note ) ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 15
dichomeris alphito hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 88 , pl . 2 , f . 21 ; tl : madera canyon , 4880 ' , santa rita mts , arizona
dichomeris pelta hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 99 , pl . 2 , f . 36 ; tl : wedge plantation , mcclellanville , charleston co . , south carolina
dichomeris acrochlora ; hodges , 1986 , moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 112 ( note ) ; [ nhm card ] ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 12
dichomeris sybilla hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 121 , pl . 3 , f . 24 ; tl : madera canyon , 4880 ' , santa rita mts , arizona
dichomeris evitata walsingham , 1911 ; biol . centr . - amer . lep . heterocera 4 : 99 , pl . 3 , f . 15 ; tl : panama , volcan de chiriqui , 2000 - 3000ft
dichomeris harmonias ; [ nhm card ] ; park , 1991 , ann . hist . - nat . mus . hung . 83 : 121 ; ponomarenko , 1997 , far east . ent . 50 : 21
dichomeris xanthoa hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 102 , pl . 3 , f . 2 ; tl : ft . niobrara national wildlife refuge , cherry co . , nebraska
dichomeris bolize hodges , 1986 ; moths amer . n of mexico 7 . 1 : 100 , pl . 2 , f . 37 ; tl : hackberry lake , valentine national wildlife refuge , cherry co . , nebraska