tuna wranglers ( 2007 ) is a documentary film produced by the makers of deadliest catch .

it follows the exploits of the southern bluefin tuna industry in south australia as it captures wild fish and transports them to grow-out pens where the fish are fattened up for sale to the japanese market .

it features footage of fishermen diving into tuna pens to wrestle sharks in order to protect their multimillion-dollar stock .

the film was directed and produced by mark strickson for television and has also been released on dvd in several regions .

critics of the film noted the omission of the southern bluefin tuna 's conservation status and the incongruous casting of an american narrator given the exclusively australian cast and story .

the film was produced by nhnz for the discovery channel .

a year after its release , the film was acknowledged by the southern bluefin tuna industry as having helped raise its public profile and boosted related tourism activity in the town of port lincoln .

tuna wranglers

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interest in the tuna industry has been spiked , says mr waller , by two documentaries tuna cowboys and tuna wranglers , and the successes of tony santic and that other famous tuna fisherman , olympic gold - medal - winning weightlifter dean lukin .
at the airport , a life - size tuna greets arrivals , and during the annual tunarama festival , spectators watch the “world famous” tuna toss competition . documentaries such as tuna cowboys and tuna wranglers have profiled the wealthy anglers who call port lincoln home .
of tuna stocks , which is as good a reason to go light on tuna as any mercury content .
most of the sharks were provided by professional wranglers , but sometimes a few wild ones were attracted by the bait . blanchard ryan jokingly referred to them as
the non - union sharks .
all right guys . where are they ? i know there are plenty of experts out there . have they came and went ? passed us by ? depleted by the tuna wranglers ? weather related ? is it gonna happen this year ? i ' m really just looking for some tuna talk since there are no catch reports to talk about .
however , while tuna aquaculture is touted as an ecologically friendly way to meet the insatiable demands of the japanese sashimi market , there’s evidence that tuna are actually floundering .
tuna , especially bluefin tuna , are scarce . each fish , we ' re told , is worth about us $ 70 , 000 . a full complement of fish can be worth us $ 20 million . most of the tuna is exported to japan .
while it certainly doesn’t have the depth or excitement of the most excellently developed fan favorite , deadliest catch , the first episode of tuna wranglers seems promising in that much like the previously mentioned deadliest catch , it introduces many of us to a part of this world we’re not so familiar with . who would have thought really , that fishing for tuna involved not only the actual tuna fishing vessel , but a floating aquarium that basically heads out to deep waters with the sole purpose of throwing baitfish in tuna infested waters to guide them towards the tuna catching boat . and prior to the baiting and rounding up of tuna , a spotter plane flys out to sea and spots the large shadows that tuna schools create . after the tuna is “wrangled” into their initial netting , yet another vessel is on the scene with a permanent caged nettings that is used to haul in the harvest and house them for several months while they are fattened up .
according to an interview with blanchard ryan , producers chris kentis and laura lau spent nearly half of the budget to get stuart cove and his shark wranglers for two days , and to make sure the two actors would be completely safe around the sharks .
it looks like the blue fin tuna season runs all year , but the purse seine fishery that we witnessed in the new mini series , tuna wranglers , runs from january through march…”the sbt fishing year runs from 1 december to 30 november each year . for the purse seine fishery , fishing for grow out farms occurs from january – march . longlining for sbt occurs primarily in winter months off southern nsw and to a lesser extent off southern wa”
but if i was a tuna , i would try to eat as much mercury as i could . seems like that might be the only way to keep some tuna in the sea .
we know the tuna are in real trouble–worldwide , the bluefin population has plunged more than 90 percent in the last 30 years . just before the november conference on setting tuna quotas happened last year ,
30lb bluefin tuna ' s caught barehanded . if the site of blood is not for you , look away
i saw a tv show about tuna wranglers who catch them small and then grow them in captivity . i wonder if that might be of help in protecting the wild population . also , i am still thinking about your post on using bug meal instead of fish meal to grow fish . it would be great to see that take off to help bring population numbers go back up ! dave briggs : ~ )
a crowd forms a circle in the protected waters of encounter bay to peacefully protest the oceanic victor tuna attraction .
is wrestling sharks in your job profile ? it takes a certain kind of person to willingly jump into a tuna pen 120 miles offshore , wrestle deadly sharks out with their bare hands and live to tell the tale - but for south australia ' s tuna fishermen , it ' s all in a day ' s work . from the makers of deadliest catch comes the hit series profiling australia ? s toughest fishermen : tuna wranglers . the mighty southern ocean has long been a shipping graveyard , with monstrous waves powering across the remote seascape . but each year , the fishermen take up a unique challenge : to spend two months rounding up , caging and dragging home millions of dollars worth of live southern bluefin tuna to fatten up , and sell to the lucrative japanese market .
many of the southern bluefin tuna raised by australia’s aquaculture industry end up at the tsukiji market in tokyo , japan .
so i ' m flipping through the channels and land on the discovery channel . some show called tuna wranglers . i settle in and listen to them describe one of their jobs , you will not believe it . apparently , sharks love to get into tuna nets . the tuna nets are these giant nets that are positioned in the ocean . the nets are static and just sit there for a while , until they fill up with tuna . anyways , how do you think these tuna wranglers get the sharks out ? these crazy - looney - stark - raving - mad people jump into the nets and wrestle the sharks . that ' s right , man vs sharks . the sharks are approximately the same size as the man , give or take a hundred pounds here or there . usually it is two men vs one shark but occassionally it is one on one . these men ( and i thought i was manly ) grab the sharks by the torso , then pull up on their snouts , and manhandle the sharks forcing them out of the nets . i ' m watching these crazies right now . in a word . holy f - ing shit batman ! has anyone seen this show ? what are your thoughts ? mel . . .
instead , the battle over the attraction has exposed a general rift about the much - lauded , and valuable , industry it symbolizes—tuna aquaculture in australia—sparking accusations of governmental kowtowing to the tuna ranchers and doubts about the fishery’s true level of sustainability .
organizer nisa schebella addresses a crowd gathered in victor harbor to protest oceanic victor , a swim - with - tuna attraction .
but hold up . there is a problem . in all this conversation , there has been almost no mention of the current dismal status of tuna stocks , which is as good a reason to go light on tuna as any mercury content . .
whats a tuna ? ? my boat has been pulled , sitting in bishopville all cleaned up ready to go fishin for linesiders . unless someone shouts tuna well stick her back in the big muddy . someone please go 18 for 18 yft already ! bill
the fishing process is fascinating – the ships can be out for weeks at a time . one ship looks for the tuna and baits them ( throws sardines overboard to move the school in the direction desired ) , another deploys the purse seine nets around the school of tuna , and a third boat transfers the tuna from the nets to holding pens , and tows the pens full of live tuna back to port . a spotter plane also looks for tuna sunbathing near the surface – they need the sun to warm them in order to allow them to digest their food as fast as possible . we loved the cgi animations showing the fishing process .
while the frigid bering sea waters is the greatest threat to the crab fishermen we’ve all become acquainted with in the last three years on discovery’s deadliest catch , the tuna wranglers who ply the much warmer ocean waters off the southern australian coast face a danger i have yet to see any commercial fishermen contend with . and that of course , is sharks . it was both shocking to learn and mesmerizing to see that when a shark tears through the massive net containing trapped tuna , a trained fisherman / diver has to actually dive down into the contained tuna area and literally wrestle the shark until said shark decides it’s had enough of this hand to hand combat , and leaves through the same hole it came in . just how much does that position pay ? pretty interesting stuff .
i agree tuna wranglers is a bit of an over the top american documentary , but you should suss out the award - winning kiwi doco made for the national geographic channel , tuna cowboys , as it is far more down to earth . southern bluefin stocks are still depleted in aussie waters , but strict quota levels are seeing them slowly beginning to recover . i ' ve worked as a commercial fisherman , as well as being a recreational angler , and it ' s the latter that needs more regulation because at present there is little information availble on how many sbt are taken by rec anglers . a pdf you might find interesting . urltoken
today , tuna aquaculture is one of australia’s fastest growing sectors ; about 15 tuna ranching companies operate in south australia , bringing in between $ 114 and $ 227 million annually . ( compare that to canada , where the entire country’s commercial tuna industry is only worth $ 17 million . ) pioneers of the ranching method became rich and put port lincoln on the map as a leader in sustainable seafood production .
no cg was used in this movie . director chris kentis fed the sharks tuna to get real feeling of the main characters being in the ocean together with the sharks . as long as they were eating the tuna they didn ' t harm blanchard ryan and daniel travis .
the waters off port lincoln are dotted with roughly 100 pontoons , operated by 12 companies , where tuna are fattened up before they’re harvested .
tuna are unloaded at a wharf in port lincoln , south australia . the town has the highest number of millionaires per capita in the country .
tuna cowboys is an award winning national geographic documentary that ventures into the southern ocean to capture the first ever footage of the southern blue fin tuna muster . produced and directed by mike bhana at natural history new zealand , motion pacific provided topside camera and field director services to the project .
i got a citation yellowfin on sunday , but that was the only one we boated . seems that there are more wahoo out there than tuna
tuna are also notoriously difficult to breed . the young are especially fragile and sensitive to water temperature , currents , and changes in their environment . the ranchers’ reliance on juvenile wild stock means that tuna are possibly being caught before they can reproduce . and although the quota system was developed to ensure the long - term survival of the species , it’s managed by the same industry that profits from it . tuna ranch operators are rarely subject to independent third - party assessments . the result , says university of technology sydney researcher kate barclay , who specializes in the sustainable development of tuna fisheries , is systemic overfishing and false counting .
in the film we get to see marcus stehr , an owner of the stehr group which is one of the major players in australia ' s tuna industry . marcus ' german - born father , hagen stehr , founded the company in 1969 , when tuna was still fairly abundant in the waters off south australia .
tuna are unloaded at a wharf in port lincoln , south australia . the town has the highest number of millionaires per capita in the country . photo : aap
mr waller met one of the old tuna fishermen on the street the other day . when mr waller said he had tuna in pens for tourists to swim with , the reply was , well , very much one of fisherman .
why would you want to do that when you can catch them ?
he asked .
perhaps the notoriously shy but extremely wealthy tuna fishermen of port lincoln  a town with the highest number of millionaires per capita in the country , thanks to the southern bluefin tuna fishery  would not approve of this rubber - necking circuit of their marina . but the times are changing and the other locals are fishing for the tourism dollar .
matt waller , a former skipper on the tuna fleet , has set up his bluefin pen in boston bay , off port lincoln . while the tuna are worth about $ 1100 each , they won ' t be eaten or sold . instead , he takes tourists to see the great fish up close : people can swim with them as they dart around eating pilchards . the tuna are about a metre long , smoky black , muscle - bound and capable of swimming in bursts of up to 70 kilometres an hour .
over the years , nhnz diversified its programming away from just natural history . it gradually expanded its genres to cover health ( kill or cure series ) ; science ( x = force the science of . . . series ; mega disasters series ) ; adventure ( adventure central series ) ; and people ( tribal life series ; the diva mummy ) . in tuna wranglers , nhnz tested the waters of the current popularity of reality shows about the daily lives of blue - collar workers pitting themselves against nature in extreme environments . engineering programmes have also proven popular with the company making a string of shows from asia and china under the man made marvels and megastructures banners .
national documentaries channel thanks for watching ! comment anything as ud like ! tuna cowboys is an award winning national geographic documentary that ventures into the southern ocean to capture the first ever footage of the southern blue fin tuna muster . produced and directed by mike bhana at natural history new zealand , motion pacific provided topside camera and field director services to the project .
hi chris . interesting questions . i’ll have to try and do a little research on this type of tuna fishing . it would be interesting to see a couple more episodes too .
ranching southern bluefin tuna has been a big - ticket industry in south australia for years . one company hopes that inviting tourists to swim with the fish will prove successful , too .
over two weeks , the fish are towed in the net behind the boat at a glacial pace to spencer gulf , near port lincoln , before being transferred to “ranches . ” for the next three to six months , the tuna live in large pens—each containing between 2 , 200 and 3 , 500 fish—where they’re plumped up on a steady diet of high - fat sardines . once ready for market , the tuna are shipped by freezer boats or live airfreight to their final destination , usually japan . a single pen full of tuna can net upward of $ 2 million .
one of the tuna fishermen , sam sarin , has also built a four - star hotel at port lincoln which is run , among others , by adelaide crows players mark ricciuto and simon goodwin .
as you can see even my e - mail address is about fishing your show is great . i do alot of fishing off the new jersey coast tuna are around about three months of the year .
i just want to know what the name of the little town was that they brought the tuna into … . . ya know , where they had that little pub and they got their drink on .
after they hatch , young southern bluefin tuna are swept along the coast of western australia from their spawning grounds near indonesia . some that continue east , into the great australian bight , are captured for aquaculture .
while waiting for season 2 of deadliest catch to arrive , tony and i watched this . it’s just two 45 minute episodes , and it concerns the tuna fishermen off south australia . it’s another discovery channel offering .
but the turkey meeting actually increased the quota for bluefin tuna by 1 , 000 tonnes ( for a total quota of nearly 30 , 000 t ) . carl safina agrees : this decision was : stupid , stupid .
while the tuna fishermen have been supportive and keen that their industry is portrayed well , mr waller says they have little interest in showing tourists around their farms ; it would only be a distraction to the business of exporting sashimi - grade tuna to the japanese , who pay hundreds , often thousands , of dollars a fish .
that leaves it open for people like us to show tourists what the industry is about ,
he said .
while the region is also known for shellfish such as abalone and mussels , and the oyster industry alone is estimated to be worth $ 22 million , it’s most famous for southern bluefin tuna , port lincoln’s pearl . a single tuna—later transformed into as many as 10 , 000 pieces of sushi—can sell for $ 2 , 500 at tokyo’s famous tsukiji market . ( in 2013 , one fish that was considered auspicious reportedly sold for $ 1 . 76 million . )
but while aquaculture typically has a lower environmental footprint than traditional commercial fishing methods , tuna is an exception . the species’ feed conversion ratio is exceptionally low compared to other farmed fish ; a tuna needs to chow down on as much as six times more food than a salmon does . australia catches more than 38 , 000 tonnes of sardines every year just to satiate the demands of port lincoln’s fisheries , making sardines the most heavily fished species in the country .
and this just in : seafood industry consultants predict that u . s . per capita seafood consumption will hit a record 16 . 8 pounds per person when 2007 numbers are officially released later this year . doesn’t seem like anyone is doing too much sacrificing–for mercury content or otherwise . but if i was a tuna , i would try to eat as much mercury as i could . seems like that might be the only way to keep some tuna in the sea .
the little tour boat idles outside one of the many mansions in south australia ' s port lincoln marina . this particular waterside palace stretches across three blocks and belonged to tony santic , tuna millionaire and owner of champion horse makybe diva .
im a tuna lover , eat it , fish it . i think what these guys are doing is kinda wrong , i know it makes there living and all but i feel like they get very greedy . does anyone else agree ?
the question of the scarcity of bluefin tuna , and the impact that the current fishing practices are having on these incredible fish is not dealt with in this series at all . i imagine it’d put a serious damper on all that australian enthusiasm…
this is a fascinating look at the tuna fishing process , and eye - opening as far as the amounts of money that are spent to find , catch and rear these incredible fish . in comparison to the crab fishermen of alaska , the fishing process is child’s play in terms of safety and working conditions . the deck hands on the bait boat don’t seem to do anything more physically strenuous than toss handfuls of sardines overboard once the tuna have been located . boredom seems to be the biggest challenge .
( discovery channel , 2007 ) gives you a lot of useful information about the bluefin tuna fishing industry in australia . but with an american - accented narrator and a goofy cowboy theme , the film does a pretty fair job of alienating an australian viewer .
southern bluefin tuna are thus caught on the continental shelf south of australia when they weight 15 - 20 kilograms ( at an age of about 2 years ) . they are transferred from the giant purse seine nets into holding pens while out at sea , and the pens are then towed back to port lincoln in south australia – very slowly . there the tuna are transferred to farm pens ( ranches ! ) , and fattened up for a couple of years until they weigh 30 - 40 kilograms . the fish are then caught – by hand , by divers , to avoid damaging them – in the pens , flash frozen , and shipped to japan . this is big money – a large , perfect tuna ( unbruised and unmarked ) fetches thousands and thousands of dollars in japan .
“we’re actually getting increases in quotas because the population is so robust , ” says kirsten rough , a research scientist with the australian southern bluefin tuna industry association . just last december , port lincoln’s fishing industry was awarded sustainability accreditation by the ngo friend of the sea .
who would have ever thought tuna fishing was such an interesting and complex process ? the premier episode of the 2 - part mini series aired august 9th at 1opm eastern and the second episode airs on the 16th . there will be repeats towards the end of this month .
now visitors to port lincoln  on south australia ' s eyre peninsula  can tour the marina and swim with bluefin tuna in a pen not unlike those the fishermen use to fatten their stocks ( after the fish are caught in the ocean in nets and towed carefully back ) .
behind the boy’s snorkel mask is a look of sheer glee . it’s the kind of look stehr and dyer hope to elicit from many more people when they launch their swim - with - tuna operation in victor harbor , a small coastal town and tourist hub over 700 kilometers away .
it should . the film is ultimately a lost opportunity . given a less sensational tone and a more challenging script , it could have advertised the downside of harvesting tuna from the southern ocean . instead , it merely glorifies a bunch of very ordinary guys who just happen to be fishermen .
a handful of sardines is tossed into the water . and another . the little fish vanish as other , much bigger fish rocket up from the murky black depths to gobble them . the tuna slice through the water with the precision and speed befitting their nickname , “ferraris of the ocean . ”
to the average bystander , oceanic victor may seem as bizarre as it is controversial . sure , we swim with dolphins , sharks , rays and a whole host of other marine creatures—but tuna ? dip your head in the water and watch an 80 - kilogram fish whip toward you at highway speeds and you’ll quickly understand the appealing mix of terror and exhilaration . australia’s tuna industry may be poised to change at the same breakneck speed , but one thing will always hold true : for as long as south australia is located by the sea , the livelihood of its people will depend on fishing and tourism . balancing the demand for one species with the negative ripple effects of that demand will always be a challenge . critics and proponents will be waiting for the final ruling on oceanic victor’s fate in victor harbor later this month to see which way , this time , the tuna scales will tip .
“they went through the process and got a tick box for an aquaculture license—even though it’s in … a habitat protection zone . so what’s to stop it from happening in the future ? ” says one conservationist , who asked not to be named . “when [ the tuna industry ] says ‘jump , ’ the government jumps . ”
the pedigrees of oceanic victor’s owners add to the suspicion . yasmin stehr’s father , hagen , made millions with clean seas , his fishing company based in port lincoln . her partner , dyer , is the operations manager of tony’s tuna international , another industry heavyweight , and oceanic victor is co - owned by “tony” himself , tony santic .
the protesters’ fixation on sharks has helped keep the opposition a front - page news item , but is detracting from what could be their strongest argument—in an era when seaworld’s profits are crashing and tourists are increasingly questioning whether animals should be kept in pens for entertainment , swimming with tuna is an antiquated approach to how we interact with wildlife .
cheers… right now i´m without a job , sandly i got problems with my papers and it seems i´m going to lose the king crab season with the f / v bering sea , and become a tuna wrangler seems fun meanwhile i can go back crabbing . can you give me more information of the main harbor were those guys do the offload ?
in 1993 , the three nations responsible for 80 percent of the catch—australia , japan and new zealand—rallied . they agreed to a yearly quota system , managed by the commission for the conservation of southern bluefin tuna ( ccsbt ) , in an effort to curb the decline . the restrictions inspired creativity : how , the australian fishermen wondered , to produce more meat with fewer fish ?
a boy pops his head up from the water . “is this real life ? ” he screams from the floating fish pen . it’s a weekday in port lincoln , australia , and bluefin tuna purveyors yasmin stehr and michael dyer are playing hooky with family and friends . they’re testing out their latest commercial venture , oceanic victor , which focuses on the coveted bluefin—not as food , but as entertainment .
before stehr and dyer took over the floating tuna tank and made plans to relocate it , a similar operation ran without objection in port lincoln for years . the polarity in public opinion boils down to this : the people of port lincoln were naturally more open to the attraction because it’s emblematic of their livelihoods . as many as 4 , 000 of the 14 , 900 or so residents work in the fishing industry .
the ccsbt claims the quota system is working . evidence from aerial surveys , tagging and data projections suggests that tuna have rebounded to about 9 percent of their original spawning biomass , up from the low of 3 percent . by 2035 , ccsbt predicts , the wild stock will have returned to 20 percent of its original spawning biomass . that estimate may seem underwhelming , but it’s enough to make the commission reassess its policies .
complete aquaculture of tuna ( rearing them from larval stages to adult ) has proved difficult for several reasons . tuna are extremely active – they have incredibly fast metabolisms , eat prodigiously , and swim long distances ( their bodies are maginficently put together for swimming ) . simulating their natural environment in a pen is almost impossible ( much like rock lobster ) . they require high - energy food , and lots of it , making farming them an expensive proposition . they are also notoriously reluctant to spawn in captivity , which defeats the purpose of farming them ! the fish are delicate and manhandling them to extract eggs manually or check their state of sexual maturity decreases their value on the open market . finally , there are concerns that fish that escape from captivity may act differently to wild fish , and carry parasites and viruses that could decimate wild populations should they become exposed to them .
researchers at kindai university in japan have demonstrated that industry can be a powerful driver of conservation , too . with the financial support of the domestic fishing industry , they’ve recently developed the technology to breed pacific bluefin tuna , closing the lifecycle . in due time , the technology will likely be adopted in the port lincoln area , reducing the industry’s reliance on wild - caught fish—and potentially affecting the entire industry’s balance of supply , demand and valuation .
tuna can only be spotted when the sea is flat , and while the ocean south of australia is cold and temperamental , in general the bering sea where the crab fishermen make a living makes it look like my bathtub – before i climb in ! the most dangerous part of the whole trip is entering lincoln bay with the incoming tide , site of dangerous reef where peter gimbel and company found great white sharks during the filming of blue water , white death .
you probably know what happened . marian burros wrote an article about mercury in sushi tuna that got on the front page of the january 23rd new york times . blogs ( including this one ) peddled it . later nytimes articles espoused its findings , though said sushi - lovers would ignore them . the fishing industry cried factual errors ( they wrote a letter to the new york times citing five ) and indeed , this correction is now appended to the original article :
it ' s in the waters of the great australian bight that the action takes place . all the main elements of fishing are described on video , from the bait boat which attracts and herds the school of tuna , to the spotter plane , to the divers who manage the catch in enormous nets that are towed out to sea and back , and that contain the juvenile bluefin before they are unloaded to holding pens off the boats ' home town of port lincoln .
for critics of oceanic victor and the industry at large , such as nisa schebella , a protestor from victor harbor , putting people into a pen to swim with the species is overexploiting an already beleaguered species . it’s one thing to keep highly migratory animals in a pen for food—it’s another to do it solely for frivolity . “the more i research , the more i’m bamboozled by the whole fishing industry at large and its dismissal of tuna’s critically endangered status , ” she says .
during a shoot in 2007 , however , one researcher gave fischer a frightening reality check :
while we were helping these scientists , one of them looked at me and said , ' man , if we lose our giant sharks , we ' re not gonna have any billfish or tuna or anything else because they ' re the balance keepers and we don ' t know enough about their lives to create their future . they ' re just too big to catch . '
it ' s a documentary , but it ' s not a great documentary . drama here is very often manufactured for effect , an unfortunate measure which ultimately devalues the material and makes you regret the hokey , down - home narrative that drives the story forward . tuna fishermen make good money . they ' re not in it for the love of it . it ' s not
in their blood
, as the narrative imputes at one stage near the end of the film .
the proposal oceanic victor presented in 2015 was an easy sell for the victor harbor council . worth $ 2 . 4 billion , tourism in south australia is even bigger business than tuna , but victor harbor has been struggling to attract its share of attention . so council fast - tracked the application and oceanic victor received its aquaculture license and approvals from both the victor harbor council and the state government to lease a section of water in the encounter bay marine park , a protected area .
when compared to the fishing practices that nearly decimated the tuna population , it’s undeniable that aquaculture is a necessary alternative . industry spokespeople are justified in boasting about how they’ve reduced by - catch by eliminating longlining , yet they overlook an important point—pens take a toll on the environment , too . ranches collectively release 1 , 946 tonnes of nitrogen every year—a common stressor in marine ecosystems , known to promote algal growth and smother marine life—making them the largest industrial contributor of pollution to the spencer gulf .
the solution was floating feedlots . each year , the fish travel from their spawning grounds off northwest australia in the indian ocean south and then east to the reefs of the great australian bight to feed , making them an easy target . between december and march , fishermen capture around 5 , 500 tonnes of wild juvenile tuna—roughly 367 , 000 fish—using a purse seine method , which involves encircling a school with a weighted fishing net and then cinching it closed at the bottom , like an underwater drawstring bag .
once on the brink of bankruptcy , the community is reveling in its good fortune . the southern bluefin tuna , a highly migratory fish found in the atlantic , indian , and pacific oceans , has been heavily targeted since the 1950s . just 20 years ago , both the species and the fishery were staring down extinction . australian fishermen had begun to reel in as little as 5 , 000 tonnes annually—20 , 000 tonnes less than just three decades earlier . as little as 3 percent of the original southern bluefin population remained .
every year , endangered migratory southern right whales use the bay as a nursery . any increase to predators means that whales may pass by , putting both their population and the town’s main tourism draw at risk . while experts think it’s unlikely that sharks from outside the local area will be attracted to the pen , the same can’t be said of long - nosed fur seals , which have a taste for tuna meat . if attracted to the area , the seals are also likely to hunt and decimate the vulnerable population of little penguins in the area .
within a few months of stehr and dyer applying for permits , there was public uproar in victor harbor . in december 2015 , the same month oceanic victor was scheduled to open , 83 objections were lodged against the proposal , citing concerns that the pen—identical to the kind used in tuna aquaculture—would cause danger to other species and environmental degradation . local businesses hung protest fliers in their windows , opponents circulated a petition , and the lifeguards erected a massive banner across their watchtower . by mid - february , protesters had filed four separate appeals against oceanic victor , stalling its launch .
a chart with the continuation of a front - page article on wednesday about high mercury levels found in tuna sushi in new york stores and restaurants referred imprecisely to what the environmental protection agency deems to be an acceptable level of mercury consumption over a period of several months by an adult of average weight . the agency uses the phrase “reference dose” to refer to the daily level of mercury consumption it considers acceptable for a long - term diet ; it does not use the phrase “weekly reference dose . ” ( to find the acceptable weekly level of consumption over the long term , the reference dose is multiplied by seven . )
i had sushi for since when i was age of 7 , i never ever had any problem at all . it was tuna and about mercury thing ! ! ! in japan , no death from eating sushi since year of 1822 for over 150 years ! please do not get too sensetive about it , but you much find out where it was caming from and where it was cought first . see , we japanese still have a longest human life avarage rate in the world . because myabe we drink hot green tea after every meals we have in japan . that is the main reason , we do not have much of over weighted person in entire japan , see .
hi , i would love to someday work at sea as a tuna wrangler . watching these guys do what they do looks extremely fun and exciting ! i have no idea how to obtain such a position . i love scuba diving , spearfishing and have had years of experience being in the ocean and handling all kinds of marine life . i’m not afraid of sharks and being in the water with a wet suit on and carrying a spear gun would be a dream come true . especially when you get paid for doing something you love ! if i could have some information on how i can apply for a job such as this , or anything that would help me reach this goal that would be greatly appreciated ! i bet there are many people who love to have this sort of career but to me it would be a dream come true ! thanks !
the pens are essentially giant nets , closed at the bottom , with floats around the rim . divers have to check the nets for breakages , monitor the conditions of the fish , and ( occasionally ) deal with sharks who bite their way in , understandably attracted to a giant floating lunchbox of tuna goodness . they either shoot them ( last resort ) or wrestle them out of the pen by hand . bronze whalers are the most common invaders . the underwater footage of the pens and of the divers working in them is magnificent – crystal clear water , thousands of incredible , sleek fish , and a sense of space yet security . the divers are tethered to the surface so that they can maintain radio contact with the boat ( they wear full face masks ) and for air supply , or free dive . there are many ways to get tangled on things , so if they’re on scuba they wear their cylinders ( for emergencies ) upside down with the pillar valve pointing downwards to minimise that risk . as some of the divers said , they can’t believe they get paid to dive , because they enjoy it so much .
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i reckon he had room to stable his horses in there ,
says tour operator graham daniels , before zipping off to point out the other delights of australia ' s wealthiest fishing port : multimillion - dollar super cruisers ( one named the aussie battler ) , a house with an artificial rainforest , salmon pink dream homes with garden statues , huge plasma tvs and extravagant dining settings .
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how much does this position pay ? this seems really interesting to me and i have been considering to be one of these when i grow older . i have been fishing since i was 11 and i love fighting bass on my rod . just how they jump out of the water and splash everywhere . it gives you a real big adrenaline rush as you thumb - him and hold him up as a real accomplishment . i also like catching trout to cook them up and eat them later . i don’t mind pan fish either . can any one give me a real good introduction to this position please ? it would be very much appreciated , thank you !
i lived in western australia for a year and i can tell you those jobs are very difficult to get . it was commonly said in perth if you are not italian ( you need to speak it ) then you have no chance getting a job on a lobster boat . i would suspect if you are not from the area and don’t know the families who run these businesses you will not work for them . sad but true , it’s never what you know , it’s who you know . still it was a really cool series .
there is one good looking man aboard the kingfish . . uh . . i think iyt is called kingfish ? he is so hot i saw him today and he was sitting behind a table with others had a green t - shirt on . he had his sunglasses on top of his head and one other time he was cooking ? does anyone know his name or email address ?
got questions , ideas , or just want to say hi ? . . .
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once the catch are brought to the small port located at the mouth of spencer gulf , a fisheries boat draws up alongside and inspectors board the main boat . they sample the catch by hooking and weighing 40 fish . this gives them an average weight . then a camera is set up at the mouth of the holding pen before the fish are herded into it . an inspector counts the number of fish . this number is multiplied by the average weight to establish whether the catch exceeds the stehr group ' s annual allocation .
unfortunately , we didn ' t get to see the inspector ' s decision . it was removed by the film ' s editor . for marcus stehr and his crew , exceeding the catch is a problem because it means they must tow the excess fish back out to sea and release them .
but the fishermen already have some idea while still out at sea about the size of the catch . once the fish have been encircled by the purse seine net and its bottom has been cinched , completely enclosing the fish , and the fish have been transferred to the transportation enclosure , the lead diver enters the enclosure and visually gauges the size of the fish .
if the lead diver says the fish are large enough to be profitably taken , the boats either go for the next catch or return to port .
of course , the film completely sides with the fishermen and conservation of the fish gets no mention at all . the boys ' undertaking is given an heroic cast in the narrative . they ' re sea - going cowboys who wrangle sharks out of the nets by hand and endure months at sea . the film says nothing about the scarcity of the fish .
review : the songlines , bruce chatwin ( 1987 ) in th . . .
spam sushi anyone ? it ' s popular in hawaii and , wit . . .
in sydney it ' s called
new housing in existing sub . . .
we ' ve got to get the message out that catching blu . . .
an ex - anz employee who operates an eco - tourism pro . . .
in new moon ( 2009 , dir chris weitz ) , bella swan as . . .
michael moore ' s capitalism : a love story ( 2009 ) is . . .
of course , we only picked up in the air ( 2009 , dir . . .
is kevin rudd ' s proposed
super profits
tax a wat . . .
happily , meredith jones ' don ' s party - themed bash t . . .
review : the big short , michael lewis ( 2010 ) about . . .
this wasn ' t the still from the movie 2012 that i w . . .
lisa tobin is a journalist in waking the dead , a c . . .
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also received several merit awards including , merit award for educational value , merit award for editing and merit award for human - wildlife interactions .
winner in the category of best transportation / tourism story - 20 / 20 item “slim” .
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1 videodisc ( dvd ) ( ca . 90 min . ) : sd . , col . ; 4 3 / 4 in .
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everything ocean related , with a special focus on scuba diving the rich coastal waters of cape town , south africa .
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lapsed mathematician , creator of order , formulator of hypotheses . lover of the ocean , being outdoors , the bush , reading , photography , travelling ( especially in africa ) and road trips . view all posts by clare
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“we were blindsided , ” says stehr , later adding , “we thought that we were the good guys coming in with an educational facility . ”
yet port lincoln , a winding 8 - hour drive from victor harbor , isn’t exactly what springs to mind when you say “fishing town . ” beyond the city’s agricultural outskirts , wealth subtly glimmers . evenly spaced palms line the road to the lincoln cove marina , home to the largest fishing fleet in the southern hemisphere , an indoor pool , and a four - star hotel . just down the street , glossy suvs sit in front of new condominiums on roads with names like “laguna drive . ” and the archetype grizzled fisherman is nowhere to be found : the “seafood capital of australia” is reported to have the most millionaires per capita in the country .
while the method of aquaculture has since been adopted along mexico and in the mediterranean sea to raise northern bluefin and atlantic bluefin , port lincoln remains the only place in the world where southern bluefin are ranched . it’s also the only place that doesn’t catch southern bluefin by longlining , a controversial commercial fishing method that uses a long hooked line to trawl waters and often kills other species in the process .
“the future is not the internet ; it’s aquaculture , ” local fishing baron hagen stehr , yasmin stehr’s father , told forbes in 2006 .
fish are tricky to count , which makes determining their population an inexact science . more conservative estimates put the current percent of spawning biomass closer to five percent . the ccbst’s efforts to conserve the species are good , but according to other monitoring bodies , they’re far from good enough . while australia’s environment protection and biodiversity conservation act only classifies the fish as “conservation dependent , ” they remain on the international union for conservation of nature’s critically endangered list .


not a pretty picture is an american docudrama film released in 1976 .

the film was written , produced and directed by martha coolidge , marking her narrative feature film directorial debut , after years of working as a documentary filmmaker in the early to mid-1970s .

the film is a retelling about coolidge , who was date raped when she was sixteen years old .

the film follows the aftermath of the incident on the main character .

not a pretty picture

this story ' not a pretty picture ' : accc puts new car industry on notice first appeared on the sydney morning herald .
pretty little liars lead lucy clocks in at 5ft 2 . picture : james white / abc family via getty images
when you think of the fact cars are the second - biggest purchase any consumer makes . . . it ' s not a pretty picture ,
mr sims said .
skopje , macedonia ( ap ) — the scene was the super cup against real madrid , and it wasn ' t a pretty picture for marouane fellaini .
this pop legend has a height of 5ft 8 . not let his array of hats deceive you . picture : getty
pop sensation , riri comes in at a tall 5ft 8 . picture : getty
' sorry ' bieber , you ' re 5 ft 9 . not quite 6 ft . picture : pa
reality tv queen kim k is just 5ft 2 tall . a small lady with a big showbiz empire ! picture : getty
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merz jf , cho mk . disease genes are not patentable : a rebuttal of mcgee .
this cheeky chappy looks fairly happy with his height of 6ft . picture : pa
everybody ' s favourite singing sensation nathan sykes beats the hunky zac efron by an inch . . . come on boys , it ' s not a competition ! picture : pa photos
the youngest jenner measures 5ft 6 . don ' t be fooled by her average height - this jenner is not to be messed with ! picture : instagram
the ex jonas - brothers singer comes in at 5ft 9 . picture : pa photos
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one part of the worlds biggest boybands , harry styles measures 5ft 11 . picture : pa
queen beyonce might wear heels a lot but she isn ' t fooling us . she ' s 5ft 7 ! picture : getty
a man known for his rants and larger than life personality , kanye west is of average height at 5ft 8 . picture : splash
the perfect size for the red carpet , adam levine comes in at 6ft . picture : getty
the original princess of pop , ms britney spears herself , is 5ft 4 . picture : pa images
in the video , featuring all of the usual touchstones of all previous versions of fargo — snow , police cars , midwestern accents , sudden violence — we also meet the new cast , consisting of carrie coon ( from the leftovers ) , mary elizabeth winstead , david thewlis , coen veteran michael stuhlbarg ( from a serious man ) and , playing two different characters , ewan mcgregor . it’s “not a pretty picture , ” coon’s character warns .
pankaj sekhsaria has been writing about the andaman and nicobar islands in the mainstream media for years now and in this book presents a collection of those articles—and a couple of academic papers . put together , these provide the lay reader with a bird’s eye view of the state of affairs in these exotic and beautiful ( and often marginalised ) islands : the picture that emerges , alas , is often not pretty at all . the book has been excellently organised with section headings dealing with different issues and aspects .
the ' roar ' singer measures 5ft 7 , despite the killer shoes she often wears . picture : pa
she means business in both her dress sense and height - jennifer lawrence is 5ft 9 . picture : getty
legs that go on for days . . . which is why she is a supermodel . kendall jenner comes in at 5ft 10 . picture : getty
she ' s hotter than hell and she ' s insanely tall too ! well , she is a model as well as a popstar . we ' re talking 5ft 10 people . picture : instagram
the ' lush life ' superstar comes in at a modest 5ft 6 . how comes they always seem so much bigger on stage ? ! picture : pa
our movie star favourite , zac efron measures 5ft 8 . that ' s tall enough for us ! picture : getty
across the board , the accc found consumers were not being issued adequate information about consumer guarantees during the point of sale of a new car .
this hungarian film is a careful , compassionate and beautifully acted character drama with a social conscience .
the ‘heart attack’ star is fiery and larger than life - well , technically she’s only 5ft 1 . # justsaying picture : pa
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no wonder all the ladies swoon over the 50 shades of grey frontman , jamie dornan . he ' s 6ft ! picture : getty
the sense of place is as pervasive as a character in “moss , ” a film by daniel peddle .
mother monster lady gaga is one of the smallest pop stars of them all at just 5ft 1 . but she ' s got a very big personality - as we all know ! picture : getty
in this pitch - black icelandic farce , a suburban feud over a lovely old tree threatens to destroy two families .
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no wonder she ' s the leader of the pack - she ' s the tallest of them all ! taylor swift measures 5ft 10 . picture : getty
“we are one of the problems but certainly not the only ones , ” said blick chief executive bob buchsbaum of his 65 - store chain . “it’s a challenging time for all retail . ”
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right now you have a chance of not getting your consumer rights , paying too much for servicing and getting false information about your fuel economy . . . this report is meant to change the game .
opposition to a diagnostic use exemption is more understandable , since there may be unusual situations in which exclusivity is needed to get a product or service to market , and such situations were simply not captured in the cases studied to date . nevertheless , it is quite clear that in many if not most cases of genetic diagnostics , the main use of university exclusive licenses has been to reduce competition and reduce the number of laboratories offering tests , without apparent benefit of introducing tests that were not already available , and would demonstrably have been available even without the participation of the companies involved .
it could have been a cheap knockoff , and not measured up to the film in so many different ways . but the fargo tv show has pretty much thrown a no - hitter so far . the first season — with billy bob thornton and martin freeman as criminals and allison tolman as the gundersonesque cop chasing them , was outstanding . the second season , which took the action back to the late ‘70s with a cast led by patrick wilson , kirsten dunst , and jesse plemons , was even better . and now the third season is about to debut , featuring yet another all - new cast . fx - - following several outstanding teasers for the new season — has released a 30 - second “cast spotlight” video featuring the show’s latest new cast .
the hunger games star comes in on the small side at 5 ft 7 when compared to his co - stars . he ' s the same size as beyonce ! picture : pa
a young woman photographer engaged to be married to a businessman investigates a cult in the local club scene . by living out some of her sexual fantasies she faces the truth about her life and helps one of the cult ' s victims escape .
enjoy a night in with these popular movies available to stream now with prime video .
ruth wilson gives a tough , traumatized performance in clio barnard’s yorkshire - set psychodrama .
rai a . regulating scientific research : intellectual property rights and the norms of science .
overwalle gv . the implementation of the biotechnology directive in belgium and its after - effects . the introduction of a new research exemption and a compulsory licence for public health .
a semi - autobiographical docudrama about rape by martha coolidge in which she reconstructs her own rape at age 16 , when a high school date with an older boy turns violent .
a new documentary argues for the unhappy life of whitney houston , who died in 2012 .
centre for intellectual property policy / health law institute ; montreal : 2005 . et a .
‘uptown funk’ singer bruno is also on the smaller side with a height of 5ft 5 .
carrie coon stars as gloria burgle , the steady chief of the local police department . a newly divorced mother , gloria is trying to understand the new world around her , where people connect more intimately with their phones than with the people around them . mary elizabeth winstead stars as ray’s girlfriend , nikki swango , a crafty and alluring recent parolee with a passion for competitive bridge . david thewlis stars as v . m . vargas , a mysterious loner and true capitalist whose bosses plan to partner with emmit , whether the parking lot king likes it or not .
the market study homed in on the complaints handling systems of manufacturers that do not to comply with obligations under australian consumer law , while calling for more accurate information about emissions and fuel consumption .
let ' s face it , it doesn ' t matter how tall you are when you ' re responsible for anthems such as ' pass out ' and ' girls like ' . but tinie stands at 5ft 8 . picture : pa photos
there is a specific issue with the facebook in - app browser intermittently making requests to websites without cookies that had previously been set . this appears to be a defect in the browser which should be addressed soon . the simplest approach to avoid this problem is to continue to use the facebook app but not use the in - app browser . this can be done through the following steps :
because of the limited nature of the myriad - nci mou , its value as a precedent is limited . it covered only the provision of services by myriad . it did not address the general question of which research practices a patent holder should tolerate in the diagnostics field . some of the conflict surrounding patents and genetics laboratories could be avoided by adopting a clearer definition of research for purposes of incorporating licensing terms to ensure low threat of patent infringement liability . the scope of government use rights under the bayh - dole and stevenson - wylder acts is another legal gray zone . in any case , the definition of research should not be left to the individual negotiation between one company and one nih institute . the nih could play a key role in developing this norm by convening a meeting of interested parties to develop the principles by which individual actors can determine how to apply the norm .
paul rudd , evangeline lilly and a host of other familiar faces join this latest marvel adventure .
from a producer of “your name , ” “fireworks” doesn’t realize its potential , our critic writes .
schissel a , merz jf , cho mk . survey confirms fears about licensing of genetic tests .
mixing narrative and documentary filming in a unique way the story is autobiographical and is about a date rape dissecting the characters and circumstances around it . by following the . . . see full summary »
one prominent example of disputed norms is the controversy between myriad genetics and the university of pennsylvania genetic diagnostic laboratory ( gdl ) . while myriad states that it is generally supportive of research , it nevertheless sent gdl a cease - and - desist letter since it did not consider gdl ' s activities to be research . to myriad , gdl ' s provision of testing services to researchers was commercial , not a research service . 14 gdl took the position , however , that its activities , which supported others ' research , fell within the norm of tolerated research use , and much of the contested testing was part of clinical trials funded by the national cancer institute , which is clearly clinical research . much debate ensued , leaving many researchers with the ( wrong ) impression that myriad would not tolerate any form of research .
he said new cars were not only made up of mechanical parts , but
over 10 million lines of computer code
, more than that used to operate on - board support systems of modern airliners .
universities that provide diagnostic testing services face private genetic testing companies that enforce patents against university genetic testing services and national reference laboratories 5 – in contrast to the situation for therapeutics , where universities are often the plaintiffs . the story often begins with publicly funded academic or non - profit research that is either patented and licensed exclusively to a private company or forms the basis for a spin - off company that attracts further investment and develops an invention that is patented . whether exclusive licensees or spin - offs , these companies then develop genetic testing services based on a business model that relies not only on patenting sequences and mutations – not objectionable in itself – but also on preventing other institutions , including universities from offering those genetic tests .
it’s a ridiculous movie , but jackie chan is still the most talented and witty athlete in cinema .
“this is congo” aims to deliver a portrait of the democratic republic of congo from the ground up .
despite their brevity , these sort of commercials give us a sense of who these characters are . hawley writes such good dialogue we only need to hear a single line from a character to know what they’re all about . you can see more of his latest characters in some new photos from fargo season 3 :
merz jf , cho mk , robertson mj , leonard dg . disease gene patenting is a bad innovation .
tall enough to protect his pocket sized other half in comparison , liam hemsworth is a giant 6ft 3 .
patent incentives may induce investment in genetic diagnostics , but in none of the case studies did this lead to new availability of a test that was not already available , at least in part . this is in stark contrast with the role of patents in therapeutics and scientific instrument development , where the benefits attributable to private r & d and new products are much clearer . the case studies thus reinforce the wisdom of the nonexclusive norm for licensing genetic diagnostics , unless an unusual situation arises in which exclusivity is needed to get a product to market for the first time . the cases also highlight deviations from the nih best practices , oecd guidelines and nine points . exclusive licensing practices consistently reduce availability , at least as measured by number of available laboratories offering a test , and thus reduce competition in genetic diagnostics , but with little evidence of a public benefit from services not otherwise available .
a . i . friedman’s store and warehouse closing will put 27 people out of work , according to a state filing . the store didn’t return calls for comment . industry insiders say it’s been struggling to pay vendors .
it highlighted a dominant
culture of repair ,
a focus on warranty obligations in place of consumer guarantees and widespread use of non - disclosure agreements when resolving complaints as key issues for consumers trying to enforce their rights .
there are a few other pivotal characters we’ve yet to clearly see in the promotional materials for fargo , which makes sense considering how large the cast is and how short these ads are . this season co - stars jim gaffigan ( gloria’s deputy ) , scoot mcnairy ( a criminal and a stoner ) , shea whigham ( meeker county’s chief of police ) , and me and earl and the dying girl ‘s thomas mann ( a science fiction writer ) .
news corp . is a network of leading companies in the world of diversified media , news , and information services .
the market study also found consumers were not being given accurate information about the fuel consumption of new cars , citing research from the australian automobile association that indicated real - world fuel consumption is on average 25 per cent higher than official laboratory test results .
the two most controversial sacghs recommendations have been ( 1 ) a proposed exemption from infringement liability for research use and ( 2 ) a similar exemption for diagnostic use . as previously noted , university licensing offices opposing a research exemption puts them at odds with their own stated principles , since licensing to ensure freedom to do research appears in every document proposing norms for licensing .
and the tallest of them all goes to . . . . the rock who comes in at a massive 6ft 5 !
fx’s fargo anthology tv series is such an unlikely success that it’s practically a miracle . it takes the 1996 joel and ethan coen film fargo , and borrows the name , setting , themes , and visual style , and while it’s set in the same universe , it features not a single one of the movie’s actors or characters . and the coens , who wrote , directed , produced and even edited the movie , aren’t involved in the show at all ; legion creator noah hawley is the showrunner .
participants at the april 2009 duke workshop noted that most licensing information is not publicly available , even for inventions arising from public funding . in some cases , but only some , it is possible to reconstruct licensing terms from company annual reports or from press announcements . there is often no way for researchers and institutions to know what practices a license covers , whether there remains scope for others to practice an invention , which regions it covers and whether it applies to any specific fields of use or contains special restrictions . the lack of information makes it difficult to substantiate claims that licensing practices are changing or comply with best practices . as a study 11 on university licensing practices notes , simply stating whether a license is exclusive or non - exclusive misses important nuances . not only would more transparency help researchers better understand the scope and ownership of intellectual property rights but it would also allow policy makers , academics and ttos to determine in what cases exclusive licensing is justified as opposed to a blanket norm of non - exclusive licensing .
while most industries tolerate a broad range of research activities and most researchers ignore patents when deciding whether to do research , 56 such blithe ignorance is not an obvious option in human genetic diagnostics where threatened enforcement is common , laboratory directors and clinicians tend to respond to threatened enforcement by ceasing those activities and where workarounds in the case of method patents are not always available . 49 norms over what research is to be tolerated are unsettled despite the existence of research exceptions 57 in many national laws ( including an exemption in the united states with respect to products that may eventually lead to the filing of an application with the food and drug administration 58 ) .
much university research relates to basic research , including research into scientific principles and mechanisms of action… , and universities may not have the resources or inclination to work out the practical implications of all such research , i . e . , finding and identifying compounds able to affect the mechanism discovered . that is no failure of the law ' s interpretation , but its intention . patents are not awarded for academic theories , no matter how groundbreaking or necessary to the later patentable inventions of others . … that research hypotheses do not qualify for patent protection possibly results in some loss of incentive , although ariad presents no evidence of any discernable impact on the pace of innovation or the number of patents obtained by universities . but claims to research plans also impose costs on downstream research , discouraging later invention .
universities argue that if they are forced to disclose the terms of prior licensing agreements , it will undermine their negotiating position with a new potential licensee . if , however , public companies must disclose the contents of their license agreements in order to protect the interests of those funding them ( i . e . , shareholders ) as a matter of public policy , then it is not clear why a university should not be required to disclose the contents of its license agreements in order to protect those who fund it ( i . e . , the public ) . the question of human resources needed to ensure transparency is very real and needs to be taken into account , but the principle of public disclosure should be entrenched within public institutions , particularly when the licensed inventions arise from publicly funded research , and especially when data are being collected and reported already . government and nonprofit research dollars should come with public accountability .
taken as a group , these decisions suggest that some of the potential obstacles to innovation that patents cause in diagnostics may not be as high , nor the amount of intellectual territory enclosed and enforced as expansive as some had feared . a clear research exemption , simplified method for challenging patents ( e . g . opposition proceedings or inter partes re - examination requests ) and improved examination procedures to avoid overly broad patent claims could help quell concerns over blocked research and overly broad patents . 55 overall , the problem does not lie wholly in patent law but in how decisions are made about what is patented ( methods v . products ) and how patents are managed and used . with one or a few successful challenges to broad patents enforced for diagnostic purposes , the business models of enforcing monopolies on genetic testing for specific conditions would likely give way to more cross - licensing , more competition , and faster innovation in testing methods .
the draft report also made the case for a mandatory scheme among manufacturers , obliging them to share technical information and parts with independent repairers .
last week the accc accepted a court enforceable undertaking from holden , in relation to findings that it misrepresented consumers ' rights under consumer law .
as noted above , some ttos are expected to be self - sustaining and suffer from a serious lack of resources . this situation has several consequences . first , the agreements that ttos pursue will not necessarily aim to promote dissemination but focus first on securing revenues for the office itself . second , ttos lack resources to train managers on how to implement guidelines and to understand better the particular challenges that different technologies raise . the dna diagnostic market is complex and rapidly evolving . for example , technology licensing officers need to know that the development of genetic testing after the discovery of the gene requires far less investment than the development of therapeutics , thus suggesting that exclusive licenses may not be as necessary . 11 without a more nuanced and informed understanding of how optimal patenting , dissemination , and licensing decisions vary across different types of technologies and uses , ttos cannot fulfill their mandate : transferring technology .
walsh jp , ashish a , cohen w . patents in the knowledge - based economy . in : cohen w , merrill s , editors .
sekhsaria writes about all these issues clearly and cogently , his information bolstered by tables and charts . the only thing i missed was a comprehensive map of the islands . but if you are planning a trip to this magical paradise , i would suggest you throw away your glossy brochures and read this book instead . you’ll end up a wiser , kinder , more empathetic and sensible visitor—the only kind the islands can perhaps afford to welcome .
a week earlier , the united states court of appeals for the federal circuit held in ariad pharmaceuticals , inc . et al v . eli lilly and company 3 that a researcher must do more than identify that a class of compounds has a certain effect : he or she must actually describe what those compounds are . this effectively eliminated the award of patents over basic research , requiring , instead , that the inventor “actually perform the difficult work of ‘invention’—that is , conceive of the complete and final invention with all its claimed limitations—and disclose the fruits of that effort to the public . ”
the most recent flare - up is the decision of the united states district court for the southern district of new york in association for molecular pathology et al . v . united states patent and trademark office et al . 2 on march 29 , 2010 , us federal district court judge robert sweet ruled that isolated dna is not patentable in the united states , and also that method claims relevant to testing for brca1 and brca2 genes are invalid . essentially , the district court held that neither isolated dna nor cdna are sufficiently different from dna as it occurs within their host cells to be considered an invention . as for the diagnostic tests , the court held that they simply involved drawing a mental correlation between facts , something that does not fall within the scope of what is patentable .
mixing narrative and documentary filming in a unique way the story is autobiographical and is about a date rape dissecting the characters and circumstances around it . by following the effects of the incident on the main character we grow to understand the tremendous impact of what many people don ' t consider to be rape .
set in 2010 , the third installment of fargo centers on emmit and his slightly younger brother ray stussy ( ewan mcgregor ) . emmit , the parking lot king of minnesota , sees himself as an american success story , whereas ray is more of a cautionary tale . forever living in his more successful brother’s shadow , ray is a balding and pot - bellied parole officer with a huge chip on his shoulder about the hand he’s been dealt – and he blames his brother . their sibling rivalry follows a twisted path that begins with petty theft but soon leads to murder , mobsters and cut - throat competitive bridge .
fans should expect this fargo to continue what the previous seasons have started . hawley has taken his time with the new episodes — season 2 finished airing in december 2015 — and everything we’ve seen from the previews and teasers indicates that the series will continue to operate along the same lines as the first two seasons . the cast is a good indication , too - - carrie coon and michael stuhlbarg , in particular , tend to make projects they’re in better and not worse .
ewan mcgregor as ray stussy looks about as down on his luck as a man can get . the less successful brother of the “parking lot king” of minnesota just reeks of desperation , making him right at home in the world of fx’s fargo . in less than a month’s time , we’ll likely see ray make some very bad and very foolish decisions that get a lot of people hurt . i can’t wait . for now , let’s watch some new fargo season 3 teasers .
powell a , chandrasekharan s , cook - deegan r . spinocerebellar ataxia : patient and health professional perspectives on whether and how patents affect access to clinical genetic testing .
the first response to concerns is often a call to change patent law . 39 , 47 - 48 however , as recent research indicates , the central problem does not lie with patents over human genes themselves so long as the law incorporates the appropriate checks and balances . the recent suit challenging myriad ' s patents on brca genes notwithstanding , 2 the following discussion indicates that there is little evidence on which to conclude that limiting the ability to patent genes is the only way to solve the problems in the system .
‘setting the context’ does exactly that , giving us a background picture of what had been happening on the islands , followed by the legal cases involving various issues ( like logging and the treatment of tribals ) . ‘indigenous people’ deals with tribals—the jarawa and onge who have inhabited the islands for 40 , 000 years and now seem to be in terminal decline , and ‘environment , ecology and development’ deals with the unique often endemic flora and fauna found on the islands . the final section , ‘december 2004’ talks of the disastrous impact of the earthquake and tsunami of that year—an event that put the spotlight on this troubled paradise .
while under provisions 64 of the bayh - dole act , all recipients of federal grants must report on activities involving the disposition of certain intellectual property rights that result from federally funded research , the information is incomplete and cannot be obtained because of strictures on access to the data . a clause of the act was intended to protect proprietary data from public access through the freedom of information act 35 u . s . c . § 202 ( c ) ( 5 ) . the way the implementing regulations were written , however , went well beyond this , and gave licensees veto power over nongovernment disclosure of information . 65 ttos file reports with the interagency edison ( iedison ) database when they license inventions from most government funders . the reporting requirements do not require the disclosure of the licensing terms , and what is reported to edison is not publicly available . indeed , access to iedison is highly restricted and unavailable for study or use outside government , and even government officials wanting to study technology transfer have been denied access unless they get permission from all licensees , a nearly impossible hurdle to overcome .
colaianni a , chandrasekharan s , cook - deegan r . impact of gene patents and licensing practices on access to genetic testing and carrier screening for tay - sachs and canavan disease .
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that figure is just stunning ,
mr sims said ,
and we think it ' s got a lot to do with manufacturers probably misleading people to use dealers for repairs .
recognition must also be given to the fact that ttos do not negotiate licenses in a vacuum : they negotiate largely with industry partners . if industry is unwilling to accept nonexclusive licenses , broad research exemptions or other terms that ttos propose to support research , ttos have little room to maneuver . currently , there is no incentive–whether external or through the threatened use of government march - in rights under the bayh - dole act - - to curb industry behavior even when it is problematic . ttos with limited funding , limited staffs and unreasonable expectations to be sustainable , cannot be expected to resist intransigence by licensees .
of course , one of the main reasons why we are so interested in the islands is because of the wealth they hold in the form of their beautiful evergreen rainforests . wholesale logging and plantation in the past has played havoc with the islands’ ecology—until it was stopped by the courts . but like everywhere else in the country , it’s the same old story of laws not being implemented and court decisions being ignored .
method claims in patents related to diagnostic testing , however , bear special mention . while many pharmaceutical patents claim products as chemical entities , universities and biotechnology firms also tend to patent ways of using knowledge , including method patents that affect genetic tests . in fact , huys et al . conclude that thirty percent of method claims relating to genetic testing are difficult if not impossible to circumvent . such claims tend to be broad , often to the point of vagueness , and many cover all conceivable ways to conduct genetic tests on a gene or for a clinical condition . in the 15 of 22 conditions that huys et al . found had at least one “blocking” claim , most such claims were to methods . in the diagnostic realm , blocking patents thus appear to be common , present in 68 percent of the clinical conditions studied .
many concerns originate in the following context : currently , universities frequently seek patents over early stage inventions 9 and license patents exclusively half the time . 10 - 13 a study by mowery et al . notes the following : “a relatively high fraction of all inventions that are licensed - - as high as 90 % for uc licenses and no less than 58 . 8 % for stanford licenses of “all technologies” during this period - - is licensed on a relatively exclusive basis , and these shares are similar for biomedical inventions . ” 10 many of those licenses will endure for many years , including licenses on university patents relevant to dna diagnostics .
implementation of licensing guidelines and best practices is difficult when interests and goals are not aligned . participants at a workshop held at duke university in april 2009 addressed the role of universities in dna patents and diagnostic testing and noted that those at the front line of implementing these guidelines , technology transfer offices ( ttos ) , face many hurdles to implementation . many university administrators view patents as a means to secure revenues ( to subsequently reinvest in research ) and believe that exclusive licenses generate the most revenues . while the evidence 59 is quite clear that most ttos either break even or lose money on technology transfer and that many of the most lucrative university patents have entailed nonexclusive licensing , this view persists . compounding this problem , universities expect ttos to generate sufficient revenues to be sustainable . despite usually being unrealistic , such expectations can lead ttos towards licensing strategies that promote short - term income over dissemination and broad availability .
another major threat comes from immigration ( from the mainland ) and unbridled tourism which force the islands to support a population far beyond their carrying capacity . ( port blair suffers from an acute water shortage ever so often . )
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making licensing terms of publicly funded inventions more transparent would require a re - write of the implementing regulations to change interpretation of the confidentiality clause of the bayh - dole act . the confidentiality provision in the bayh - dole act was intended to protect agencies from being forced to disclose proprietary data but its implementing regulation is so broad that it , in effect , restricts government action to use data without permission of the relevant licensee . current nondisclosure practices lead to data being unavailable for research aimed at improving knowledge about patenting and licensing practices . many studies could be undertaken on aggregated reported data , and there are many precedents for using census data , health statistics and other very private information in government databases . the original rationale for the bayh - dole act was that government - owned inventions were languishing for want of effective patent incentive to grantees and contractors ; the current problem is that data on licensing practice are languishing in a government database that is not mined for valuable insights into patenting and licensing practices .
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sacghs may have judged that ttos are failing to respect existing norms and in the absence of any credible compliance measures , the simplest legal solution is to address the problem through exemption from infringement liability . if autm and bio want to preserve the option of exclusive licensing when needed to get genetic tests to market , then compliance with guidelines needs to be credible . criticizing deviations when they come to light , with the long - term goal of increasing compliance with stated norms would go a long way to reducing the need for a diagnostic use exemption . moreover , enforcing nonexclusive licensing norms can preserve revenue streams , using the cystic fibrosis and huntington ' s models , whereas a diagnostic use exemption would eliminate those revenues because the patents would be unenforceable for diagnostic uses .
while the biotechnology industry tried to portray myriad as an outlier , a series of detailed case studies 15 , 18 - 24 conducted by duke university ' s center for genome ethics law and policy reveal that in fact , myriad ' s business model is not unique . as these studies illustrate , diagnostic companies such as athena diagnostics and pgxhealth , have adopted similar or even more aggressive business models , and shut out university laboratories from offering genetic testing for diseases such as long qt syndrome and alzheimer ' s disease . in the case of alzheimer ' s disease , genes and method patents for diagnostic testing were initially patented by duke university ( and other academic institutions ) and licensed exclusively to athena diagnostics . athena diagnostics then used its patents aggressively to prevent others from carrying out the test .
islands by their very nature are hothouses of endemism as species evolve quicker on them in order to fit snugly into special niches found there— and the andaman and nicobar islands are no exception . thus , they need a greater degree of protection—and more research to enable that .
many of the longstanding mom - and - pop specialty shops that filled neighborhoods and supplied artists with obscure and exotic items have been bought up or driven out of business by stores that are more art - supply supermarkets , a survey of the sector by the post has discovered .
on april 30 , another venerable name will disappear . on that date , a . i . friedman , an 80 - year - old art supply store on west 18th street , will go dark — the fourth such independent retailer to bite the dust over the past two years .
in an attempt to better understand why these concerns persist and what role universities play as patentees and often exclusive licensors , this article outlines university technology transfer practices and business models that have given rise to the concerns . we review how the concerns have been addressed to date and the obstacles to doing so in the future . the obstacles include 1 ) recognizing that diagnostics is a highly unusual market , and that the problem is not so much legal in nature or necessarily about what gets patented , so much as how patents are licensed and enforced ; and 2 ) changing university patent management strategies and practices . changing licensing practices , in turn , depends on 1 ) a sharper definition of what constitutes research that needs to be protected in licensing provisions , 2 ) more coherent university policies to promote broad dissemination along with incentives for industry compliance with best practices , 3 ) greater recognition of problems and proposing of constructive solutions by key players , 4 ) transparent reporting of gene patents and diagnostic testing license agreements and 5 ) secure funding for technology transfer offices . while legislative change may ultimately be necessary to facilitate these changes in practice , many problems can be addressed without statutory change .
the chilly tv spots for the upcoming season of fargo have featured clues of the trouble awaiting creator and showrunner noah hawley ‘s ( legion ) new batch of characters , played by the likes of carrie coon ( the leftovers ) , michael stuhlbarg ( boardwalk empire ) , mary elizabeth winstead ( 10 cloverfield lane ) , and an actor who leaves a strong impression in one of the new promos , david thewlis ( anomalisa ) . thewlis plays a mysterious loner looking to get into the parking lot business with emmit stussy , who found more luck and success in life – or maybe just worked harder – than his disgruntled brother .
then again , a previously great series suddenly going off the rails mid - run isn’t unprecedented , and there’s always the chance that hawley , who also ran the first season of legion , is spread too thin . but until we see otherwise , there’s little reason to expect anything but greatness from the third season of fargo .
one month earlier , on february 10 , 2010 , the secretary ' s advisory committee on genetics , health and society ( sacghs ) , 4 after a careful study of current knowledge on the effects of patenting genes on research and accessibility to genetic tests , found that there is no convincing evidence that patents either facilitate or accelerate the development and accessibility of such tests . on the other hand , the committee found that there was some , albeit limited , evidence that patents had a negative effect on clinical research and on the accessibility of genetic tests by patients . further , most gene patents relevant to diagnostics were held by universities on the basis of research funded by the public money . given this , the committee recommended that universities be more cautious in patenting and licensing human genes , that there be more transparency and accountability for university licensing practices and that an existing exception protecting medical practitioners from patent infringement when they undertake surgery or treat a patient ' s body be extended to include the provision of genetic diagnostic testing .
while myriad genetics ' patents over genes related to hereditary breast and ovarian cancer – the subject of the decision in association for molecular pathology et al . v . the united states patent and trademark office et al . – were among the first to generate intense public controversy , others followed . athena diagnostics ' exclusive licenses to patents covering genes and methods of testing for alzheimer ' s disease and other neurological and metabolic conditions , as well as other entities ' screening for canavan disease , hemochromatosis and other single - gene conditions has also generated fierce debate . in the case of canavan testing litigation resulted from licensing restrictions that inhibited freedom of action among those seeking to get genetic tests . these concerns have existed for over a decade without resolution . 5 - 6 the maturity of microarray technology that allows for multi - allele genotyping and now the prospect of full - genome sequencing deepen these concerns . 7 a legacy of exclusively licensed gene patents casts a shadow of patent infringement liability over the future of multi - allele testing and full - genome analysis .
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the 2000s saw a plethora of policy reports about dna patents , such as those from the nuffield council on bioethics , 27 the national academy of sciences , 28 the ontario ministry of health 29 and the australian law reform commission . 30 academic articles examined the concerns , the extent to which concerns were founded and the role of industry , universities and legislative reform in addressing these concerns . 5 - 6 , 26 , 31 - 39 some countries also made statutory changes to their patent and / or health laws . france expanded compulsory licensing laws , 40 and belgium did the same and also carved out a diagnostic use exemption from patent infringement liability . 41 the united states patent and trademark office developed guidelines on “utility” and “written description” specifically for examining gene patent applications . 42
yet another threat emerges from the interest the navy and defence organisations are showing in the islands , for instance by using uninhabited ones for missile target practice and the proposal to set up a nuclear power plant on them . the tsunami of 2004 devastated and actually physically tilted the islands— one disaster we can’t thankfully blame on ourselves . but as usual , recovery and rehabilitation have been woeful .
in order to promote change , university - industry relationships need to be more transparent . the current lack of transparency over existing university - industry relationships is a major hurdle to system improvement . 11 for example , license agreements between universities and start - up and private companies are generally unavailable , even in general terms . the only exceptions are universities or companies that voluntarily make such information public .
changes to remedy problems with the system include the following : ( 1 ) a clear definition of research that should be exempt from patent infringement liability , ( 2 ) university leadership in promoting the alignment of technology transfer licensing practices with the broader university goal of dissemination coupled with ( 3 ) incentives to promote industry compliance and leadership on behalf of autm and bio in recognizing problems and proposing constructive solutions . we also need ( 4 ) adequate funding to technology transfer offices to learn about and implement changing practices and ( 5 ) greater transparency in reporting patent holdings and licensing agreement terms .
despite sophia burset ' s best efforts , the ladies of the litchfield correctional facility lack style . there are only so many ways to jazz up khaki scrubs , you know ? in real life , however , the cast of orange is the new black is anything but dowdy . we ' ve gathered pictures of taylor schilling , laura prepon , taryn manning , ruby rose , and the rest of the cast in and out of their jumpsuits , and you might be shocked at the difference with some of the women — especially blanca ! take a look at all the pictures ahead if you ' re in the mood for your jaw to drop .
sign the petition at urltoken robert bateman takes a stand against the threat of oil spills on bc ' s coast . the bc and canadian governments are supportive of bringing oil tankers to british columbia ' s north coast . if this were to happen , spills would be inevitable , and the consequences on this wild and intact stretch of coast would be profound . sign the petition at : urltoken and use the share menu to pass this video on ! produced by : dogwood initiative concept : rethink communications director and editor : bill weaver , across borders media cinematography : david malysheff , gamut productions / bill weaver music : niels petersen , lebeau - petersen productions and , many thanks to robert bateman . . . .
a recent study 49 from belgium - the huys et al . study - suggests that relatively few claims in gene patents block competing laboratories from providing genetic tests . this study of 145 active patent documents ( 267 independent claims ) related to genetic diagnostic testing of 22 inherited diseases ( including method claims , gene claims , oligo claims and kit claims ) that the european patent office and the united states patent and trademark office issued . it concluded that clinicians could easily get around thirty - six percent of claims and could , with work , circumvent another forty - nine percent of claims . only fifteen percent of claims would be difficult or impossible to circumvent . out of the gene claims studies , only 3 % were concluded to be blocking . however , as discussed below , blocking claims were more prevalent with respect to method claims .