his start was well received by the puerto rican recording industry .

born in 1975 in puerto rico cruz was the oldest of seven siblings .

he lived his adolescent years in paterson , new jersey , in the united states , where he grew to love salsa music .

his models were exponents of the afro-caribbean genre such as héctor lavoe and frankie ruiz .

his musical career started by singing chorus for his father , fonzy cruz , who recorded three records .

in 1996 , the younger cruz decided to move to puerto rico to be closer to his family and musical roots .

by so doing , he entered the salsa scene , working for two years as a vocalist in domingo quiñones ‘ orchestra .

at that time he took singing classes and studied piano as well .

in his 2nd cd as a soloist , cruz hit the international scene with his album imaginate .

with the wea latina label , the production was helped by sergio george who directed and arranged .

in that album , cruz was co - songwriter of “ y gritaré ” , together with guadalupe garcía and sergio george .

few people know that before becoming a singer he worked for five years as a boxer and became a professional in the 132 pound weight class .

but the pull of music was stronger still , impelling him into a career as professional music artist .

his latest release : asi soy featured the song hoy es el dia .

charlie cruz , who today divides his time between puerto rico and tampa , grew up in the small town of naguabo .

his love of salsa began as a 10-year-old , when he became a backup singer in the orchestra of his father , fonzy cruz .

the more he was exposed to music , the more he loved it .

as he gained stage experience and worked with established salsa hit makers , cruz realized how much he truly loved the genre .

his life changed drastically when he was invited to perform at a concert and share the stage with top acts like gilberto santa rosa , victor manuelle and tito nieves .

as a result of this performance , he was signed by sir george records .

under this label , he produced such hits as " bombon de azucar " and " amarte es un problema . "

" dejala que baile , " the first single off mas de mi , features an upbeat , catchy flavor that will have every salsa fan swinging their hips on the dance floor .

charlie cruz

jp cruz , n alquwez , cp cruz , rfd felicilda‐reynaldo , lm vitorino , . . .
jp cruz , pc colet , n alquwez , h alqubeilat , ma bashtawi , ea ahmed , . . .
s gennaro , gc mancus , j campbell , pc colet , jp cruz , g cacho , . . .
join international superstar , olga tañón and rising salsa star charlie cruz for the “ concierto del amor ” . share the evening with two latin artists who are currently heating up the billboard latin charts for a special engagement live for one night only .
moe ' s alley welcomes back blues legend charlie musselwhite for a saturday night . get your tickets early for this one .
named one of puerto rico ' s best salsa performers , charlie cruz’s albums such as imaginate and asi soy , as well as the 2016 single
se cae el mundo
featuring tito nieves , showcase his upbeat , catchy flavor that always fills the dance floor .
( february 1 , 2011 ) - salsa star , charlie cruz makes his first appearance on billboard ' s latin tropical albums chart with his brand new album ,
sigo aquí
. the new album released on november 16 th reaches position # 8 on the prestigious chart and becomes charlie ' s first top 10 album .
sigo aquí
is one of the top 20 selling tropical albums in the u . s . and puerto rico . it is also becoming a favorite among salsa audiences establishing charlie as one of the leading soneros of our generation .
charlie cruz ( born 3 april 1975 in río piedras , puerto rico ) is one of the new stars of the salsa music genre . signed up by sir george records , under this label he produced such hits as
bombon de azucar
and
amarte es un problema
.
charlie cruz surged onto the music scene with his hit song , “ bombón de azúcar ” in 1999 . he has since recorded eight studio albums including his latest premio lo nuestro nominated release , “ sigo aquí ” . his songs , unmistakable thanks to his artistic personality are heard on the airwaves of three continents and to date he has amassed seven top 10 hits on the billboard tropical chart including , “ tú me confundes ” , “ amarte es un problema ” and “ necesito más de tí ” . he is a part of a new generation of salsa singers in which his distinctively individual style sets him apart from the rest . charlie is one of the eternally vibrant salsa movement’s top performers drawing his influences from legends héctor lavoe and frankie ruiz .
with an induction into the blues music hall of fame , 35 blues music awards ( including three wins in 2014 ! ) and 11 grammy nominations ( including a 2014 win ! ) , american electric blues harmonica player and bandleader charlie musselwhite has truly earned legendary status as one of blues music¹s most important artists .
last week charlie ' s lead single ,
necesito mas de ti
moved into the top 5 of billboard ' s latin tropical airplay chart at position # 4 becoming his 6 th top 5 hit . the lead single continues this week within the top 10 for a fifth week and is the highest charting salsa song on that list alongside hits from don omar , prince royce and pitbull . the song has been receiving high rotation throughout the country and it is # 1 in detects . the video for
necesito mas de ti
will be released the this summer .
one of the non - black bluesmen who came to prominence in the early 1960s ( alongside mike bloomfield and paul butterfield , among others ) , musselwhite was reportedly the inspiration for dan aykroyd ' s character in the blues brothers . he was born in mississippi but spent his formative years in memphis , tn during the period when rockabilly , western swing , electric blues and other forms of african american music were combining to give birth to rock and roll . musselwhite supported himself by digging ditches , laying concrete and running moonshine in a 1950 lincoln automobile . this environment was musselwhite¹s school for music , as well as life , and where he acquired the nickname
memphis charlie
.
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puerto rican singer who became a salsa music star with albums like imaginate and asi soy . he previously sang in the orchestra of domingo quinones .
he grew up in paterson , new jersey and got his start in the music world by singing in his father ' s choir at age ten .
he was professional boxer in the 132 - pound weight class before becoming a professional musician .
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olga tañón is without a doubt one of the biggest stars to come out of puerto rico , for over 20 years the “ mujer de fuego ” has been entertaining audiences worldwide . this 5 time grammy award winner will make a highly anticipated return to the bay area , bringing her infectious tropical rhythms and sultry voice . her latest release , “ ni una lagrima más ” has spent multiple months in the top 5 of billboard’s tropical albums chart and throughout her career she has amassed a record 26 top 10 hit singles including , “ muchacho malo ” , “ como olvidar ” , “ el frio de tú adiós ” , “ basta ya ! ” and “ mentiroso ” . olga’s electrifying stage presence is undisputable ; do not miss this rare engagement !
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in true bluesman fashion , musselwhite then took off to chicago , where he continued his education on the south side , making the acquaintance of even more legends including lew soloff , muddy waters , junior wells , sonny boy williamson , buddy guy , howlin ' wolf , little walter , and big walter horton . musselwhite immersed himself completely in the musical life , living in the basement of big joe williams and forging a lifelong friendship with johnlee hooker . in time , musselwhite led his own blues band and in 1966 released the legendary
stand back ! here comes charley musselwhite’s southside band
. since then , musselwhite has released over 25 albums , as well as guesting on albums by many other notable musicians including bonnie raitt , inxs , tom waits and the blind boys of alabama , among others . musselwhite recently teamed up with ben harper on
get up !
- the long time coming collaboration that took home the grammy for best blues album in 2014 .
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capa announced the lineup of national and international artists which will be headlining festival latino 2017 presented by honda . the two - day , family - friendly , free event will be held saturday and sunday , august 12 and 13 , from 11 am - 8 pm each day in genoa park downtown . you can watch the announcement here :
having just released a brand new single ,
la verdad
featuring luis vargas , this new york - based foursome has pioneered an urban - influenced bachata style , fusing the tropical and sentimental sounds of traditional bachata with the rock , hip hop , and r & b of the streets of nyc .
former lead singer of los hermanos rosario , toño rosario went on to a successful solo career , earning three grammy nominations and selling more than 100 million albums with his signature romantic merengue style .
fresh from his critically acclaimed performance in the off - broadway play i like it like that , grammy - and latin grammy - nominated salsa music star tito nieves (
el pavarotti de la salsa
) has set himself apart by incorporating english into his recordings , earning numerous gold records in a music career that spans more than 30 years .
a detailed schedule will be released at a later date , and will include the full lineup of entertainment and activities to be featured at the 2017 festival .
to post your recommendation , please sign in or join your neighborhood on nextdoor .
apaza entertainment is a well respected company with over 10 years of experience in providing the total package for all your entertainment needs . we handle every aspect of your event from start to finish . we can promote your event , book the artists and coordinate the show . we have the resources and tools to create a solid presentation that will assure your event will be a total success . we are backed by a team of professionals who are capable of tackling any event big or small . we also work with you to provide the best talent available for your budget . we can do this because we deal directly with the artists and record labels to get the best rates possible . apaza entertainment is a company that is growing and expanding at a fast pace due to our satisfied customers who use us repeatedly to handle their entertainment needs . we have accomplished this because we care about our clients and work closely with them to create the perfect event . our team of professionals give 100 % of their time and effort on every project , big or small . we are a latino owned company with a bi - lingual staff who pride themselves in serving our hispanic community and private businesses . apaza entertainment is the company to use for your next event , give us a try and you won ' t be disappointed . we are looking forward to helping you make your next event a total success .


parischnogaster jacobsoni is a species of social wasp within parischnogaster , the largest and least known genus of stenogastrinae .

it is distinguished mainly by its tendency to construct ant guards on its nests .

natural selection has led this wasp to have a thick substance emitted from its abdominal glands that allows it to protect its nest from invasions .

parischnogaster as a genus has been relatively unstudied ; p. jacobsoni is one of the few investigated species because it has sufficient durability to live near human populations and it has demonstrated unusual resilience to pollution .

while p. jacobsoni is a more complex organism than other wasps in parischnogaster , the genus overall is relatively primitive with respect to social wasps as a whole .

parischnogaster jacobsoni

the dufour gland and the secretion placed on eggs of 2 species of social wasps , liostenogaster - flavolineata and parischnogaster - jacobsoni ( vespidae , stenogastrinae ) .
laboratory observations on the social behaviour of parischnogaster alternata ( vespidae stenogastrina . . .
buysson r du . 1913 . ischnogaster jacobsoni . bulletin de la musee d’histoire naturelle de paris 7 : 436 .
colonial cycle of parischnogaster nigricans serrei ( du buysson ) in west java ( hymenoptera stenogastr . . .
parischnogaster jacobsoni , studied in malaysia , presents long linear nests and haplometrotic nest foundation . in mature colonies more than one fertilized female and at least one potential egg layer can be found . dominance - subordinance interactions are correlated with the reproductive potential of the females and with the division of labour . this species resembles parischnogaster nigricans serrei , studied in java , in its biology , nest architecture and social organization .
sakagami sf . 1969 . parischnogaster alternata in yoshikawa k , ohgushi r , sakagami sf , eds . nature and life in southeast asia 6 : 155 .
parischnogaster jacobsoni , qui a été étudiée en malaisie , a de longs nids linéaires et présente une fondation du nid haplométrotique . dans les colonies mûres on retrouve communément plus d ' une femelle fertilisée et au moins une femelle qui peut pondre . les interactions de dominance - subordination sont liées au potentiel reproductif des femelles et à la division du travail . la biologie , l ' architecture du nid et l ' organisation sociale de cette espèce ressemblent à celles de parischnogaster nigricans serrei , qui a été étudiée à java .
summary parischnogaster jacobsoni , studied in malaysia , presents long linear nests and haplometrotic nest foundation . in mature colonies more than one fertilized female and at least one potential egg layer can be found . dominance - subordinance interactions are correlated with the reproductive potential of the females and with the division of labour . this species resemblesparischnogaster . . . [ show full abstract ]
cluster analysis , provided a dendrogram based on wing shape ( fig . 6 ) largely congruent with the tree obtained by cladistic studies ( carpenter , 1988 ) , with the genera eustenogaster and liostenogaster branched from parischnogaster and metischnogaster . however the cluster analysis grouped the eustenogaster species with the liostenogaster ones , while in the cladogram ( carpenter , 1988 ) , liostenogaster is sister to all other genera . as consequence of this layout liostenogaster species are split in two groups and some of them ( l . campanulae , l . flavolineata , l . pardii and l . vechti ) appeared nearer to the eustenogaster ones than to the congeneric l . topoghaphica and l . nitidipennis ( fig . 6 ) . moreover , the parischnogaster species are readily sub - grouped in p . alternata and p . striatula ( both belonging to the striatula - group ) and p . jacobsoni , p . mellyi and parischnogaster sp . ( all belonging to nigricans - group ) ( fig . 6 ) .
the secretion placed on eggs and fed to larvae and the “ant guard” placed on the nest stalk of parischnogaster jacobsoni contain the same hydrocarbons and in approximately the same proportions as is found in the dufour gland . the secretion on eggs is a mixture of the contents of the dufour gland and nectar . the emulsifying agent is a palmitic acid salt . similarly , in liostenogaster flavolineata , the egg secretion is an emulsion of nectar and dufour gland secretion , which contains alkoxyethanol emulsifiers , found in nature for the first time .
. . . seven genera are currently recognized in the subfamily ( carpenter , 2001 ) , and the late j . van stenogastrinae ; however , he died in 1992 before having completed the revisions of eustenogaster van der vecht , 1969 , liostenogaster van der vecht , 1969 , and parischnogaster von schulthess , 1914 . the revisions of these genera that van der vecht began were taken over by c . k . starr on parischnogaster and by s . turillazzi on liostenogaster , but descriptions of only liostenogaster species have appeared ( turillazzi , 1988 ( turillazzi , , 1999turillazzi and carfi , 1996 ) . . . .
. . . forewings of the following malaysian stenogastrinae species were collected in the field and used in this study : eustenogaster calyptodoma ( sakagami and yoshikawa , 1968 ) , e . micans ( de saussure , 1852 ) , e . fraterna ( bingham , 1897 ) , liostenogaster campanulae ( turillazzi , 1999 ) , l . flavolineata ( cameron , 1902 ) , l . nitidipennis ( de saussure , 1952 ) , l . pardii ( turillazzi and carfì , 1996 ) , l . topographica ( turillazzi , 1999 ) , l . vechti ( turillazzi , 1988 ) , metischnogaster drewseni ( de saussure , 1857 ) , parischnogaster alternata ( sakagami , 1969 ) , p . mellyi ( de saussure , 1852 ) , p . jacob buysson , 1913 ) , parischnogaster sp . , p . striatula ( du buysson , 1905 ) . parischnogaster sp . is an undescribed species but it is quite common in malaya peninsula ( pers . . . .
fig . 2 . graphical representation of the first ( x - axis ) and of the second ( y - axis ) relative warp ( rw ) of the forewing vein junctions analysis . open pentagons , e . calyptodoma ; black stars , e . micans ; open rhombus , e . fraterna ; triad , l . campanulae ; black triangles , l . flavolineata ; open triangles , l . nitidipennis ; open circles , l . pardii ; black rhombus , l . topographica ; black rectangles , l . vechti ; open squares , m . drewseni ; black circles , p . alternata ; black squares , p . mellyi ; x - shaped , p . jacobsoni ; sun - shaped , parischnogaster sp . , open stars , p . striatula .
analyses of the volatile compounds in the venom sacs of seven species of stenogastrine wasps , belonging to three different genera , have revealed a mixture of linear alkanes and alkenes , with a chain length ranging from c11 to c17 in all the species . among conspecifics , the composition of the mixture was consistent , while clear differences have been found between different species . venom glands of some species also contained oxygenated compounds and , in one species , some pyrazines . most of these compounds were found to be species - specific but were not always found in every individual of a species . in the genus parischnogaster , p jacobsoni and p . mellyi showed the presence of some spiroacetals that were not found in p . alternata and p . striatula . the possible functions of the venom sac volatiles in the biology of the stenogastrinae are discussed
analyses of the volatile compounds in the venom sacs of seven species of stenogastrine wasps , belonging to three different genera , have revealed a mixture of linear alkanes and alkenes , with a chain length ranging from c 11 to c 17 in all the species . among conspecifics , the composition of the mixture was consistent , while clear differences have been found between different species . venom glands of some species also contained oxygenated compounds and , in one species , some pyrazines . most of these compounds were found to be species - specific but were not always found in every individual of a species . in the genus parischnogaster , p jacobsoni and p . mellyi showed the presence of some spiroacetals that were not found in p . alternata and p . striatula . the possible functions of the venom sac volatiles in the biology of the stenogastrinae are discussed .
laboratory observations on colonies of parischnogaster alternata sakagami have revealed new aspects of the social behaviour of this species which it was not possible to observe in previous short - term studies conducted in the field . a dominance - subordinance hierarchy and division of labour were found to exist in both mature colonies and among females on a newly founded nest . the movements of . . . [ show full abstract ]
parischnogaster nigricans serrei has 4 larval instars . the larva does not spin a cocoon and the cell is closed by adult females , who reopen the operculum a few days later to extract the larval meconium , then close the cell again . immature life lasts an average of 44 . 5 days . adult - larva interactions are frequent and the curled up larvae react to adult solicitations by opening themselves like . . . [ show full abstract ]
a checklist of the species in the subfamily stenogastrinae is presented , including synonyms , nomenclatural changes , and distributional summaries . forty - five species in seven genera are treated as valid , with an additional three subspecies . excluding emendations , misspellings and nomina nuda , a further 16 names are treated as available synonyms , but eight of these names are listed only as questionable synonyms . a new combination is parischnogaster aurifrons ( smith ) . thirty new locality records are given .
. . . cuticular hydrocarbons ( hereafter chcs ) together with pheromones are assumed to regulate almost all social interactions , implying the chemical senses as the predominant channels of communication in insect societies [ 6 , 8 ] . in the last two decades , however , visual communication abilities have been discovered in two subfamilies of social wasps [ 9 ] [ 10 ] [ 11 ] [ 12 ] [ 13 ] . a pioneering experiment demonstrated that males of the stenogastrinae wasp parischnogaster mellyi use a visual status badge during flying duels for winning a perch in aerial leks [ 14 ] . . . .
parischnogaster mellyi is a common species of hover wasp which lives in the oriental region . in this research we wanted to achieve a deeper understanding of some aspects of its social biology and chemical ecology considering the composition of colonies , the reproductive poten - tial of the female nest - mates , the chemical similarities between the adult cuticular hydrocarbons , the nest paper , the dufour ' s gland secretion of the females and the pap placed on the eggs as a support for larval develop - ment . we were able to assess with nest exchange experiments that this species is capable of immature brood recognition . neither the pap placed on eggs , nor the nest odour are used in this recognition process , despite the potential discrimination cues shown by chemical analyses .
. . . a pioneering experiment demonstrated that males of the stenogastrinae wasp parischnogaster mellyi use a visual status badge during flying duels for winning a perch in aerial leks [ 14 ] . it was since found that visual communication plays a key role in the social interactions between colony members and indeed , a facial badge of status has been shown to convey information on the agonistic qualities in foundresses of the north american population of polistes dominula and to regulate dominance hierarchies in the stenogastrinae wasp liostenogaster vechti [ 10 , 11 ] , but see [ 15 , 16 ] . polistes fuscatus wasps are more aggressive to individuals with unfamiliar appearances landing on the nest [ 9 ] and they are able to remember the individual identity of partners after one week of interactions with several other wasps [ 17 ] . . . .
in particular , all specimens were correctly assigned with the exception of two e . calyptodoma erroneously assigned to e . micans and two l . campanulae to l . flavolineata . intriguingly , function 1 represented by the variables rw1 and rw4 while function 2 by the variables rw2 and rw3 . in the cross - validation test , where specimens were blindly entered into the analysis only 7 out of 149 cases were misclassified in different congeneric species ( 94 . 6 % of correct classification ) : three l . campanulae were identified as l . flavolineata , two e . calyptodoma as e . micans , one p . striatula as p . alternata and one p . jacobsoni as p . mellyi . differences between genera in wing shape are illustrated by deformation grids reported in figure 4 . as shown in table 1 , the landmarks 17 and 20 gave the major contribution to the variation in shape of the forewing ( see also fig . 1 ) .
the hover wasps ( stenogastrinae ) comprise 58 described species in 7 genera which are distributed in the south east asian tropics , from india to new guinea . this chapter offers a sketch of their systematics . there follows a brief history of the studies by researchers of these wasps , focusing on the main problems , phylogeny and social evolution of these insects . general characteristic of other social wasps are briefly presented and discussed .
these keywords were added by machine and not by the authors . this process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves .
baracchi d , dapporto l , teseo s , hashim r , turillazzi s ( 2010 ) medium molecular weight polar substances of the cuticle as tools in the study of the taxonomy , systematics and chemical ecology of tropical hover wasps ( hymenoptera : stenogastrinae ) . j zool syst evol res 48 : 109–114
baracchi d , dapporto l , turillazzi s ( 2011 ) relevance of wing morphology in distinguishing and classifying genera and species of stenogastrinae wasps . contrib zool 80 : 191–199
carpenter jm ( 1982 ) the phylogenetic relationships and natural classification of the vespoidea ( hymenoptera ) . syst entomol 7 : 11–38
carpenter jm ( 1988 ) the phylogenetic system of the stenogastrinae ( hymenoptera : vespidae ) . j n y entomol soc 96 : 140–175
carpenter jm ( 1991 ) phylogenetic relationships and the origin of social behavior in the vespidae . in : ross kg , matthews rw ( eds ) the social biology of wasps . cornell university press , ithaca , ny
carpenter jm ( 2001 ) new generic synonymy in stenogastrinae ( insecta : hymenoptera ; vespidae ) . nat hist bull ibaraki univ 5 : 27–30
carpenter jm ( 2003 ) on “molecular phylogeny of vespidae ( hymenoptera ) and the evolution of sociality in wasps . am mus novit 3389 : 1–20
carpenter jm , kojima j ( 1996 ) checklist of the subfamily stenogastrinae ( hymenoptera : vespidae ) . j n y entomol soc 104 : 21–36
carpenter jm , kojima j ( 2006 ) checklist of the species of the subfamily stenogastrinae bequaert , 1918 ( hymenoptera : vespidae ) . natural history laboratory , ibaraki university ( iunh ) and world association for the study of paperwasps ( wasp ) , japan . 13 : 5–26
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1982 . multicomponent mandibular gland secretions in three species of andrena bees ( hym , apoidea ) .
1987 . new structural aspect of the dufour ' s and venom glands in social insects .
sakagami ( vespidae , stenogastrinae ) , intra - specific variability in building strategies .
1985 . mandibular gland secretions of two parasitoid wasps ( hymenoptera : ichneumonidae ) .
1986 . volatiles from the defensive secretion of two rove species ( coleoptera : staphylinidae ) .
k . g . ross and r . w . matthews ( eds . ) . the social biology of wasps . comstock , ithaca , new york .
1979a . mass - spectrometric fragmentation of alkyl - 1 , 6 - dioxaspiro [ 4 . 5 ] decanes .
1979b . alkyl - 1 , 6 - dioxaspiro [ 4 . 5 ] decanes - a new class of pheromones .
1992 . a chemical and chemotaxonomic study of the volatile secretions from some social insects . phd dissertation . university of keele , keele , uk .
j . billen ( ed . ) . biology and evolution of social insects . leuven university press , leuven , belgium .
1979 . occurrence and location of exocrine glands in some social vespidae ( hymenoptera ) .
1995 . pheromonal mediation of alarm in the eastern yellowjacket ( hymenoptera : vespidae ) .
1990 . untersuchungen flüchtiger inhaltstoffe sozialer bienen und wespen . phd dissertation . university of hamburg , hamburg , germany .
1992 . the chemical diversity of ants : is there system in diversity ? pp . 183–194 .
t . piek ( ed . ) . venoms of hymenoptera . biochemical , pharmacological and behavioural aspects . academic press , london .
1984 . venom as an interspecific sex pheromone , and species recognition by a cuticular pheromone in paper wasps ( polistes , hymenoptera : vespidae ) .
1990 . hymenoptera venoms : striving toward the ultimate defense against vertebrates , pp . 387–419 ,
d . l . evans and j . o . schmidt ( eds . ) . insect defense , adaptative mechanisms and strategies of prey and predators . state of new york press , albany .
tengo , j . , bergström , g . , borg - karlson , a . k . , groth , i .
1989 . the origin and evolution of social life in the stenogastrinae ( hymenoptera , vespidae ) .
1990 . socialità ed arachitettura del nido nelle vespe stenogastrinae ( hymenoptera , vespidae ) .
s . turillazzi and m . j . west - eberhard ( eds . ) . natural history and evolution of paper - wasps . oxford university press , oxford .
dani , f . r . , morgan , e . d . , jones , g . r . et al . j chem ecol ( 1998 ) 24 : 1091 . urltoken
this chapter describes the most common behavioural patterns of female and male hover wasps . behaviours are divided into three main groups , depending on their functional categories : elementary behaviour ( which ranges from feeding to mating ) , colony maintenance behaviour ( directed towards rearing and defence of immature brood and nest construction ) and social behaviour ( mainly interactions with conspecifics and nestmates ) . these are further divided into behaviours performed on the nest and off the nest . short videoclips for some behaviour are available online .
or in the supplementary material ( esm ) of the electronic version of this chapter .
beani l ( 1996 ) lek - like courtship in paper wasps : “a prolonged , delicate , and troublesome affair” . in : turillazzi s , west - eberhard mj ( eds ) natural history and evolution of paper wasps . oxford university press , oxford
brown re , macdonald dw ( 1985 ) social odours in mammals . clarendon press , oxford
fortunato a , coster - longman c ( 2000 ) reproductive behaviour and relative anatomical structures for the production of pheromones and luminous signals in male metischnogaster ( vespidae : stenogastrinae ) . insect soc life 3 : 27–28
fortunato a , turillazzi s ( 2012 ) dufour’s gland and massive use of its secretion drove the evolution of sting’s morphology and function in hover wasps ( hymenoptera stenogastrinae ) . arthropod struct dev 41 : 259–264
( saussure ) , stenogastrinae ( hymenoptera , vespidae ) . proc konin neder akad wetens ser c 86 : 167–178
. in : ohgushi r ( ed ) ecological study on social insects in central sumatra with special reference to wasps and bees . sumatra nature study ( entomology ) , kanazawa university , japan
spradbery jp ( 1989 ) the nesting of anischnogaster iridipennis ( smith ) ( hymenoptera : vespidae ) in new guinea . j aust entomol soc 28 : 225–228
turillazzi s ( 1990c ) socialità ed architettura del nido nelle vespe stenogastrinae ( hymenoptera , vespidae ) . atti acc naz ital entomol rendiconti xxxviii : 1–24
turillazzi s , cervo r , dani fr ( 1997 ) intra - and inter - specific relationships in a cluster of stenogastrine wasp colonies ( hymenoptera ; vespidae ) . ethol ecol evol 9 : 385–395
ugolini a , cannicci s ( 1996 ) homing in paper - wasps . in : turillazzi s , west - eberhard mj ( eds ) natural history and the evolution of paper wasps . oxford university press , oxford
turillazzi s . ( 2012 ) behaviour . in : the biology of hover wasps . springer , berlin , heidelberg
1991 . phylogenetic relationships and the origin of social behavior in the vespidae , pp . 7–32 .
k . g . ross and r . w . matthews ( eds . ) . the social biology of wasps . cornell university press , ithaca , new york .
( hymenoptera , stenogastrinae ) . 10th international congress iussi , münchen , pp . 444–445 .
, m . h . 1977 . social behavior of a three wasp colony : stenogastrinae vespidae . proceedings , 15th international ethology conference , bielefeld , 23–31 august 1977 , p . 30 .
flavolineata : social life in the small colonies of an asian tropical wasp , pp . 192–195 ,
m . d . breed , c . d . michener , and h . e . evans ( eds . ) . the biology of social insects , westview press , boulder , colorado .
1967 . report of the fundamental research on the biological control of insect pests in thailand . ii . the report on the bionomics of aculeate wasps . bionomics of subsocial wasps of stenogastrinae ( hymenoptera , vespidae ) .
j . billen , ( ed . ) . biology and evolution of social insects . leuven university press , leuven .
1971 . naturally occurring diol lipids . viii . mass spectrometric analysis of mono - and dialkyl ethers of diols .
: in ecological study of social insects in central sumatra with special reference to wasps and bees .
van der vecht , with comments on the phytogeny of stenogastriniae ( hymenoptera : vespidae ) .
1972 . viscosity of hexadecanol and oxyethylated octadecanol monlayers and the effect of a wave on it .
k . g . ross and r . w . matthews ( eds . ) . the social biology of wasps . cornell university press , ithaca .
1919 . philippine wasp studies . ii . descriptions of new species and life history studies .
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università di firenze and centro studio per la faunistica ed ecologia tropicali del c . n . r .
keegans , s . j . , morgan , e . d . , turillazzi , s . et al . j chem ecol ( 1993 ) 19 : 279 . urltoken
confused by a class within a class or an order within an order ? please see our brief essay .
to cite this page : myers , p . , r . espinosa , c . s . parr , t . jones , g . s . hammond , and t . a . dewey . 2018 . the animal diversity web ( online ) . accessed at https : / / animaldiversity . org .
disclaimer : the animal diversity web is an educational resource written largely by and for college students . adw doesn ' t cover all species in the world , nor does it include all the latest scientific information about organisms we describe . though we edit our accounts for accuracy , we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts . while adw staff and contributors provide references to books and websites that we believe are reputable , we cannot necessarily endorse the contents of references beyond our control .
this material is based upon work supported by the national science foundation grants drl 0089283 , drl 0628151 , due 0633095 , drl 0918590 , and due 1122742 . additional support has come from the marisla foundation , um college of literature , science , and the arts , museum of zoology , and information and technology services .
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h . r . hermann ed . , academic press , vol . iv : 1–105 .
, 1982 . — liostenogaster flavolineata : social life in the small colonies of an asian tropical wasp . in :
. m . breed , c . d . michener and h . e . evans , editors . westview press , boulder colorado , xii + 420 , pp . 192–195 .
, 1980 . — le vespe sociali : biologia ed evoluzione del comportamento . acc . naz . lincei ,
contrib . centr . linceo interdisc . sc . mat e applic . , 51
van der vecht with comments on the phylogeny of the stenogastrinae ( hymenoptera vespidae ) .
1986b . — les stenogastrinae : un groupe clé pour l ' étude de l ' évolution du comportement social chez les guêpes .
, 1969 . — preliminary report on entomology of the osaka city university 5th expedition to southeast asia , 1966 .
universita ' di firenze and centro di studio per la faunistica ed ecologia tropicali del c . n . r .
most species of animals are classified by scientific names , and are known to the public by one or more common names . unfortunately today’s animal doesn’t have a common name . i’ve called it a social wasp because that’s the group the species belongs to , and will refer to it as ‘wasp’ for the remainder of this post .


callionima denticulata is a species of moth in the family sphingidae , which is known from panama , mexico , costa rica , nicaragua , bolivia , peru and western venezuela .

it was originally described by schaus as calliomma denticulata , in 1895 .

the wingspan is 59 – 72 mm .

adults are on wing year round in costa rica .

it is extremely similar to callionima pan pan , but the forewing apex is strongly truncate , the outer margin strongly excavate below the apex and markedly dentate .

the basal half of the forewing underside is distinctly orange , contrasting with the greyish-brown distal part .

the hindwing upperside is as in callionima pan pan , but the black anal spot is at least 1.5 mm wide .

the larvae feed on tabernaemontana alba and probably other apocynaceae species .

they are green with reddish orange spiracles and a longitudinal , dotted black line down the back and an orange , thick anal horn .

callionima denticulata

no one has contributed data records for callionima denticulata yet . learn how to contribute .
family : sphingidae , latreille , 1802 subfamily : macroglossinae , harris , 1839 tribe : dilophonotini , burmeister , 1878 genus : callionima lucas , 1857 . . . . . . . . . . . species : denticulata schaus , 1895
, but the forewing apex is strongly truncate , and the outer margin is strongly hollowed out below the apex and markedly dentate . cate
adults fly continuously and specimens have been taken in every month in costa rica . hubert mayer reports a january flight in western ecuador .
females call in the males with a pheromone released from a gland at the tip of the abdomen . both males and females nectar at flowers and come in to lights , but males are taken much more frequently that way .
the anal horn is orange and thick . larvae are green with reddish orange spiracles and a longitudinal , dotted black line down the back .
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assara decipula is a species of snout moth in the genus assara .

it was described by clarke in 1986 .

it is found in french polynesia .

assara decipula

assara is a genus of small moths belonging to the snout moth family ( pyralidae ) . they are part of the tribe phycitini within the huge snout moth subfamily phycitinae . = = selected species = = species of assara include : = = footnotes = = . . .
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confused by a class within a class or an order within an order ? please see our brief essay .
to cite this page : myers , p . , r . espinosa , c . s . parr , t . jones , g . s . hammond , and t . a . dewey . 2018 . the animal diversity web ( online ) . accessed at https : / / animaldiversity . org .
disclaimer : the animal diversity web is an educational resource written largely by and for college students . adw doesn ' t cover all species in the world , nor does it include all the latest scientific information about organisms we describe . though we edit our accounts for accuracy , we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts . while adw staff and contributors provide references to books and websites that we believe are reputable , we cannot necessarily endorse the contents of references beyond our control .
this material is based upon work supported by the national science foundation grants drl 0089283 , drl 0628151 , due 0633095 , drl 0918590 , and due 1122742 . additional support has come from the marisla foundation , um college of literature , science , and the arts , museum of zoology , and information and technology services .
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thiacidas alboporphyrea is a moth of the family noctuidae .

it is found in madagascar and the adults have a wingspan of 50 mm .

thiacidas alboporphyrea

this is the place for alboporphyrea definition . you find here alboporphyrea meaning , synonyms of alboporphyrea and images for alboporphyrea copyright 2017 © urltoken
here you will find one or more explanations in english for the word alboporphyrea . also in the bottom left of the page several parts of wikipedia pages related to the word alboporphyrea and , of course , alboporphyrea synonyms and on the right images related to the word alboporphyrea .
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hacker h . h . & zilli a . 2010 . revisional notes on the genus thiacidas walker , 1855 ( = trisula moore , 1858 , syn . nov . ) , new additional data on the thiacidinae with descriptions of seven new species and two subspecies ( lepidoptera , noctuidae ) . - esperiana memoir 5 : 413–432 .
reise in ostafrika in den jahren 1903 - 1905 : mit mitteln der hermann und elise geb . heckmann wentzel - stiftung : wissenschaftliche ergebnisse /
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pagenstecher a . 1907 . in : voeltzkow , a . reise in ostafrika in den jahren 1903—05 . wissenschaftliche ergebnisse 2 . systematische arbeiten , bd 2 , hft 2 ( lepidoptera heterocera von madagaskar , den comoren und ostafrika : uraniidae , geometridae , noctuidae , pyralidae , thyrididae , . . . - — 2 ( 2 ) : 93—146 , pl . 6 .
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berio e . 1950b . diagnosi di nuove specie di nottue ( lepid . noctuidae = agrotidae ) . - bollettino della società entomologica italiana 80 ( 9–10 ) : 89–92 .
wiltshire e . p . 1980a . lepidoptera : fam . cossidae , limacodidae , sesiidae , lasiocampidae , sphingidae , notodontidae , geometridae , lymantriidae , nolidae , arctiidae , agaristidae , noctuidae , ctenuchidae . – in : wittmer & büttiker ( eds . ) , fauna of saudi arabia 2 . - fauna of saudi arabia 2 : 179–240 .
wiltshire e . p . 1994 . arabian lepidoptera : a supplement to the catalogue of saudi arabian macro - heterocera . - fauna of saudi arabia 14 : 113–136 .
berio e . 1954e . nuove catocalinae africane al museo del congo belga di tervuren . - annali del museo civico di storia naturale di genova 66 : 336–343 .
pagenstecher a . 1907 . in : voeltzkow , a . reise in ostafrika in den jahren 1903–05 . wissenschaftliche ergebnisse 2 . systematische arbeiten , bd 2 , hft 2 ( lepidoptera heterocera von madagaskar , den comoren und ostafrika : uraniidae , geometridae , noctuidae , pyralidae , thyrididae , . . . - — 2 ( 2 ) : 93–146 , pl . 6 .
hacker h . h . , fibiger m . & legrain a . 2002 . thyrididae , uraniidae and noctuidae ( lepidoptera ) from the arabian peninsula with descriptions of new species . - esperiana 9 : 189–207 , pl . 6 .
fawcett j . m . 1916 . notes on a collection of heterocera made by mr . w . feather in british east africa , 1911–13 . - proceedings of the zoological society of london 1916 ( 4 ) : 707–737 , pl . 1 .
bethune - baker g . t . 1911b . descriptions of new species of lepidoptera from tropical africa . - annals and magazine of natural history ( 8 ) 8 ( 46 ) : 506–542 .
hacker h . h . 2004b . nolidae and noctuidae ( excluding catocalinae : audeini and tachosini ) ( lepidoptera ) . – in : mey , z . ( ed . ) the lepidoptera of the brandberg massif in namibia . - esperiana memoir 1 : 261–304 .
hampson g . f . 1916a . in poulton , e . b . on a collection of moths made in somaliland by mr . w . feather . - proceedings of the zoological society of london 1916 ( 1 ) : 91–182 , pls . 1–2 .
brandt w . 1939b . beitrag zur lepidopteren - fauna von iran ( 3 ) . – einige neue agrotiden aus laristan und beloutchistan . - entomologische rundschau 56 : 241–246 , 268–273 , 294–299 .
pinhey e . c . g . 1958 . a new ' noctuid ' moth from southern rhodesia : family agrotidae , subfamily ophiderinae . - occasional papers of the natural history museum in southern rhodesia 22b : 117–118 ; pl . 1 .
pinhey e . c . g . 1968b . some new african lepidoptera . - annals of the transvaal museum 25 ( 9 ) : 153–176 .
grünberg k . 1910c . in : schultze , l . : zoologische und anthropologische ergebnisse einer forschungsreise in westlichen und zentralen südafrika . vierter band . systematik und tiergeographie . - denkschriften der medizinisch naturwissenschaftlichen gesellschaft zu jena 16 ( 4 ) : 1–370 , pls . 1–12 [ chapter pagination : 91–146 ] .
hampson g . f . 1926a . descriptions of new genera and species of lepidoptera phalaenae of the subfamily noctuinae ( noctuidae ) in the british museum ( natural history ) . - — : 1–641 .
fawcett j . m . 1918 . notes on a collection of heterocera made by mr . w . feather in british east africa , 1911–13 . - proceedings of the zoological society of london ( 1917 ) ( 3–4 ) : 233–250 , pl . 1 .
hering e . m . 1926–1927 . pterothysanidae , lymantriidae , brahmaeidae . – in : seitz , a . ( ed . ) die gross - schmetterlinge der erde . eine systematische bearbeitung der bis jetzt bekannten gross - schmetterlinge . die afrikanischen spinner und schwärmer . - — 14 : 123–125 , 127–204 , 349–351 .
hacker h . h . & zilli a . 2007 . revisional notes on the genus thiacides walker , 1855 , with descriptions of thiacidinae subfam . nov . and eleven species ( lepidoptera : noctuidae ) . - esperiana memoir 3 : 179–246 , pls . 21–30 .
mey w . 2011 . basic pattern of lepidoptera diversity in southwestern africa . - esperiana memoir 6 : 1–316 .
berio e . 1977 . diagnosi di nuovi taxa di noctuidae del globo ( lepidoptera ) . - annali del museo civico di storia naturale giacomo doria 81 : 321–339 .
gaede m . 1934–1939 . noctuidae . – in : seitz , a . ( ed . ) die gross - schmetterlinge der erde . eine systematische bearbeitung der bis jetzt bekannten gross - schmetterlinge . iie abteilung : die gross - schmetterlinge des afrikanischen faunengebietes . xv . band : eulenartige nachtfalter . - — 15 : 30–286 .
walker f . 1855c . list of the specimens of lepidopterous insects in the collection of the british museum . part v . – lepidoptera heterocera . - — 5 : i–iv , 977–1257 .
pinhey e . c . g . 1962a . new or little known lepidoptera from central africa . - occasional papers of the natural history museum in southern rhodesia 3 ( 26b ) : 871–891 , pls . 1–2 .
schultze a . 1931 . zwei neue heterocera aus französisch - aequatorial afrika . - deutsche entomologische zeitschrift , iris 45 : 143–145 .
holland w . j . 1905 . a new noctuid from sierra leone . - annals and magazine of natural history ( 7 ) 16 : 18–20 .
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muraena augusti is a moray eel found north of the eastern central atlantic ocean .

it was described by johann jakob kaup in 1856 , originally under the genus thyrsoidea .

it is non-migratory , and dwells at a depth range of 0 to 250 metres ( 0 to 820 ft ) , most often at around 0 to 50 metres ( 0 to 164 ft ) .

muraena augusti

jiménez , s . , schönhuth , s . , lozano , i . j . , gonzález , j . a . , sevilla , r . g . , diez , a . and bautista , j . m . 2007 . morphological , ecological , and molecular analyses separate muraena augusti from mureana helena as a valid species . copeia 2007 ( 1 ) : 101 - 103 .
a synonym of m . helena ( wirtz et al . 2008 ) , but jiménez et al . ( 2007 ) have confirmed the specific identity of m . augusti using morphological and genetic methods .
( of thryrsoidea augusti kaup , 1856 ) froese , r . & d . pauly ( editors ) . ( 2018 ) . fishbase . world wide web electronic publication . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of thyrsoidea augusti kaup , 1856 ) froese , r . & d . pauly ( editors ) . ( 2018 ) . fishbase . world wide web electronic publication . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of murenophis augusti ( kaup , 1856 ) ) froese , r . & d . pauly ( editors ) . ( 2018 ) . fishbase . world wide web electronic publication . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
in the canary islands , m . augusti is a nocturnal territorial species inhabiting rocky and stony bottoms , sometimes hiding under large rocks in tidal pools , from shore to a depth of 250 m . however , it is more common in depths shallower than 50 m ( jiminez et al . 2007 ) .
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froese , r . & d . pauly ( editors ) . ( 2018 ) . fishbase . world wide web electronic publication . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
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thank you for taking the time to provide feedback on the iucn red list of threatened species website , we are grateful for your input .
eschmeyer , w . n . ( ed . ) . 2015 . catalog of fishes . updated 7 january 2015 . available at : urltoken . ( accessed : 7 january 2015 ) .
is known from the northeastern atlantic from macaronesian islands ( from north to south : azores , madeira , selvagens , canary islands , cape verde ) . it appears to be rare in museum collections . this species is not utilized , nor does it have any major threats known to affect it . its range may overlap marine protected areas in the region . it is therefore listed as least concern .
is known from the northeastern atlantic from macaronesian islands ( from north to south : azores , madeira , selvagens , canary islands , cape verde ) . it has a wide depth range of zero to 250 m .
cape verde ; portugal ( azores , madeira ) ; spain ( canary is . )
appears to be rare in museum collections ( k . tighe pers . comm . 2011 ) .
there are no conservation measures in place for the protection of this species . its range may overlap marine protected areas in the region .
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9 . marine neritic - > 9 . 2 . marine neritic - subtidal rock and rocky reefs suitability : suitable 9 . marine neritic - > 9 . 3 . marine neritic - subtidal loose rock / pebble / gravel suitability : suitable 12 . marine intertidal - > 12 . 1 . marine intertidal - rocky shoreline suitability : suitable 12 . marine intertidal - > 12 . 6 . marine intertidal - tidepools suitability : suitable
1 . research - > 1 . 2 . population size , distribution & trends 1 . research - > 1 . 3 . life history & ecology
brito , a . , pascual , p . j . , falcón , j . m . , sancho , a . and gonzález , g . 2002 . peces de las islas canarias . catalogo comentado e ilustrado .
iucn . 2015 . the iucn red list of threatened species . version 2015 - 4 . available at : urltoken . ( accessed : 19 november 2015 ) .
wirtz , p . , fricke , r . and biscoito , m . j . 2008 . the coastal fishes of madeira island - new records and an annotated check - list . zootaxa 1715 : 1 - 26 .
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my girlfriend and i stayed in la restinga , el hierro , in not mid - october . arrecifal is one of the best ( if not the best ) dive centers on el hierro . they provide wonderful guidance and is one of the few centers offering very good english communication . the dive center is owned by a couple , carlos and his wife anita . they are very . . .
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