syncopacma taeniolella is a moth of the gelechiidae family .

it is found in most of europe .

the wingspan is 10 – 13 mm .

adults are on wing in july .

the larvae feed on lotus corniculatus , lotus uliginosus , medicago and trifolium species .

they initially mine the leaves of their host plant .

the mine consists of an irregular blotchy rather small mine .

soon the larvae leave the mine , and start mining from between few spun leaves .

larvae can be found in may and june .

syncopacma taeniolella

syncopacma taeniolella ( silver - barred sober ) - norfolk micro moths - the micro moths of norfolk .
animalia eumetozoa arthropoda hexapoda insecta lepidoptera gelechioidea gelechiidae anacampsinae syncopacma meyrick 1925 syncopacma taeniolella ( zeller , 1839 ) - telphusa acrophylla meyrick , 1911 - gelechia taeniolella ( zeller , 1839 ) - isis von oken by oken , lorenz , 1779 - 1851 volume 32 , 1839 : title page : p . 201 - n . 56 - germany
the pale fascia on s . taeniolella can be straight or , more often , slightly inwardly curved .
confused with syncopacma larseniella and s . cinctella . care required . very subtle differences .
rarely the white fascia on the upperside of the forewing can be broken or reduced to a few dots in s . taeniolella . if checking of the underside of the forewing fails to show any obvious and strong white fascia then dissection is recommended to exclude other syncopacma species .
larva : spins leaves together and feeds within the spinning . syncopacma cinctella also utilises common bird ' s - foot - trefoil and s . larseniella has been known to use it on rare occasions .
readily separated from other syncopacma species with a white fascia by the presence of a similar , usually slightly thinner fascia on the underside of the forewing and a white spot or a broken line on the underside of the hindwing . see photograph of upperside and underside of the forewings in the images section and the comparable markings of s . larseniella under that species .
the moth can be separated from other
syncopacma
species showing white fascia , by checking the underside of the forewing where a thinner white fascia is positioned and a further broken white line or spot on the underside of the hindwing . occasionally the white fascia on the on the upperside of the forewing can be broken or reduced to a few spots and can be straight or slightly curved inwards .
reasonably common in the southern half on england , this species becomes scarcer further north into england and wales , and has occurred in small numbers in scotland and ireland .
) , the larvae feeding between spun shoots or leaves during may and june .
, but can be distinguished by the whitish fascia on the underside of the forewing , absent in those species .
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recorded in 13 ( 19 % ) of 69 10k squares . first recorded in 1874 . last recorded in 2018 .
underlying maps using digital map data © norfolk online lepidoptera archive - nola™ 2018 . © james wheeler - n o r f o l k m o t h s 2007 - 2018 . data © nola™ 2018
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notes : local on rough ground in england , south of a line from shropshire to the wash , becoming less common northwards ; rarely in wales , scotland and ireland . in hampshire recorded in both vice - counties , sometimes commonly ; on the isle of wight , although it almost certainly still occurs there , no recent record has been received . wingspan 11 - 14 mm . the most likely confusion species are s . larseniella and s . cinctella , neither of which has a fascia on the underside of the forewing nor a costal spot on the underside of the hindwing ( mbgbi vol 4 part 2 ) . larva feeds on bird ' s - foot trefoil , clover , black medick and spotted medick , living between leaves spun together with silk .
widespread but rather local , occasionally locally common , across much of england , lowland wales and eire . very local in northern england , only a few scattered sites in scotland * and unrecorded from northern ireland and isle of man . it appears to be restricted to coastal localities in the more northerly parts of britain .
* details of two scottish records ( in vc83 and vc101 ) shown on the national vc maps are unknown to this scheme , the only location with details being the outer hebrides . additionally the national vice county map has a dot for vc113 ( the channel islands ) , but no supporting data was received with the complete channel islands dataset when updated in 2012 .
the diagnostic white marks on the underside of the forewing and hindwing can be a little variable in extent but are clearly visible in the photograph above .
lotus corniculatus ( common bird ' s - foot - trefoil ) , see plant distribution map . very occasionally on lotus pedunculatus ( greater bird ' s - foot - trefoil ) , trifolium spp . ( clover ) or medicago spp . ( medick ) . it was once reported from helianthemum nummularium ( common rock - rose ) by p sokoloff in the benhs journal of 1980 : 8 .
in europe alsp found on chrysapsis micrantha , dorycnium , medicago minima ( bur medick ) , tetragonolobus maritimus , trifolium medium ( zigzag clover ) and trifolium pratense ( red clover ) .
rough ground , quarries , vegetated coastal dunes , chalk grassland and limestone pavement .
adult : easily disturbed on warm days and swept from amongst the larval foodplant . comes to light .
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- azores , balearic is . , canary is . , channel is . , corsica , crete , croatia , cyprus , greece , latvia ,
note - plants hyperlinked in red below take the visitor to the relevant plant page on
plants for a future
website where further information like photos , physical characteristics , habitats , edible uses , medicinal uses , cultivation , propagation , range , height etc . are clearly listed . plant families - in bold red below takes the visitor to the relevant
lepi - plants
page where other butterflies & moths using the plants below are listed .
if you have images for this taxon that you would like to share with nbn atlas , please upload using the upload tools .
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common birds ' - foot trefoil , sometimes clover spp . or medick spp . .
for the county , we have a total of 10 records from 9 sites . first recorded in 1859 .
vc64 . ellington banks mod , 13 . 7 . 2005 conf . heb ( chf , jcw , spw ) . new vice - county record .
vc63 . brockadale nr , 6 . 7 . 2013 , gen . det . heb ( dwi ) . new vice - county record .
resident . a local species in southern england , becoming very local north of the midlands .
discovered at llanymynech rocks in the north - east of the county in 2012 .
spinning . eggs laid on foodplant ? larva feeds between spun leaves . pupa is reddish brown in a slight cocoon in the detritus .


the little wife underwing ( catocala muliercula ) is a moth of the erebidae family .

it is found from massachusetts and connecticut south to florida and west to texas and new mexico .

the wingspan is 54-70 mm .

adults are on wing from may to july depending on the location .

there is probably one generation per year .

the larvae feed on myrica cerifera .

catocala muliercula

larva . the foodplant , location , date and general appearance all seem to indicate muliercula .
gall , l . f . 1984 . the evolutionary ecology of a species - rich sympatic array of catocala moths . ph . d . dissertation , yale university .
schweitzer , d . f . 1982 . field observations of foodplant overlap among sympatric catocala feeding on juglandaceae . journal of the lepidopterists ' society 36 ( 4 ) : 256 - 263 .
schweitzer , dale f . 1991 . the hickory feeding catocala ( lepidoptera : noctuidae ) fauna in the absence of carya ovata in southern new jersey . ent . news 102 ( 4 ) : 165 - 172 .
gall , lawrence , f . database containing county level data for the north american species of catocala moths . entomology division , peabody museum , yale university , new haven , connecticut 06511 . accessed 1994 , july 1 .
gall , l . f . 1991a . evolutionary ecology of sympatric catocala moths ( lepidoptera : noctuidae ) . i . experiments on larval foodplant specificity . journal of research on the lepidoptera . 29 ( 3 ) : 173 - 194 .
gall , l . f . 1991b . evolutionary ecology of sympatric catocala moths ( lepidoptera : noctuidae ) . ii . sampling for wild larvae on their foodplants . journal of research on the lepidoptera . 29 ( 3 ) : 195 - 216 .
gall , l . f . and d . c . hawks . 2002 . systematics of moths in the genus catocala ( noctuidae ) . iii . the types of william h . edwards , augustus r . grote , and achille guenée . journal of the lepidopterists ' society 56 ( 4 ) : 234 - 264 .
gall , l . f . and d . c . hawks . 2010 . systematics of moths in the genus catocala ( lepidoptera , erebidae ) iv . nomenclatorial stabilization of the nearctic fauna , with a revised synonymic check list . in : schmidt b . c , lafontaine j . d ( eds ) . contributions to the systematics of new world macro - moths ii . zookeys 39 : 37 - 83 .
a taxon identifier is composed of name , author , year and attribute , all separated by a blank . these are all extracted from the original publication .
the name is reproduced exactly as proposed in the original publication . the name of a genus is made up of one word and species made up of two words ( genus and species ) separated by a blank .
the author ' s name is made up of a string of letters , with no blanks , and multiple authors ' names are separated by a comma . spelling of author ' s name is based on the original publication . if there are more than three authors , only the names of the first two authors are shown , followed by
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created by dicky sick ki yu 1997 - 2012 please send me information about errors and omissions ( contact information ) with supporting references , possibly with pdf or hard copy .
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the black bands of the hindwings tend to be very wide and there is considerable dark scaling along the inner margins . the hindwing fringe is very dark as is the general ground colour of the forewings .
courtesy of steve walter , floyd bennet field ( jamaica bay area of new york ) july 6 .
steve writes ,
the little wife is one of the signature species of jamaica bay - - but this one was 11 days ( seems to be a magic number , or times 2 ) earlier than the previous early date here . the little underwing was new for jamaica bay - - and i had 6 of them . funny how that happens .
females emit an airbourne pheromone and males use their antennae to track the scent plume .
eggs are deposited on tree bark in the fall and hatch the following spring .
april 18 , 2009 , courtesy of steve daniel , tentative id by steve and bill oehlke .
listed below are primary food plant ( s ) and alternate food plants . it is hoped that this alphabetical listing followed by the common name of the foodplant will prove useful . the list is not exhaustive , although some species seem very host specific . experimenting with closely related foodplants is worthwhile .
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due to latency between updates made in state , provincial or other natureserve network databases and when they appear on natureserve explorer , for state or provincial information you may wish to contact the data steward in your jurisdiction to obtain the most current data . please refer to
a forest or other appropriate habitat or cluster of such habitats where the species occurs , or recently has occurred , with sufficient foodplant and other resources for persistence or regular recurrence . minimally a habitat ( usually a forest ) where presence has been verified by specimens or adult photographs or by larval collections if these can be positively identified or were reared to adults . exceptionally for some taxa sight records can be accepted . note if foodplants are growing in residential neighborhoods proximate to primary habitat , these will usually be part of the occurrence .
there are almost certainly no really effective barriers . these moths will enter cities and even breed in them . they reach offshore islands where there is no habitat and at least two species have been taken on incoming ships several hundred kilometers at sea .
for forest species the suitable habitat distance generally applies in wooded or semiwooded ( includes wooded residential ) terrain if the larval foodplant is present at all . in large contiguous or nearly contiguous forests the unsuitable habitat distance would seldom apply since adults seem to be quite mobile and live several weeks at least and most larval foodplants are not highly localized ( although they are often sparse ) . however , use half the suitable habitat distance for separating occurrences if the larval foodplant is truly absent within continuous forest .
where the habitat is truly extensive and contiguous use this figure , although these moths can persist in smaller areas . it is known that many individuals move much farther and given populations of mobile long - lived adults , unbroken or moderately fragmented habitat within and beyond this distance is almost certain to support at least continued recurrence . if habitat ( usually forest ) patches are smaller than 1000 hectares , infer presence throughout .
use the generic guidelines for the application of occurrence ranks ( 2008 ) . the key for ranking species occurrences using the generic approach provides a step - wise process for implementing this method .
zoological data developed by natureserve and its network of natural heritage programs ( see local programs ) and other contributors and cooperators ( see sources ) .
lafontaine , j . d . and b . c . schmidt . 2010 . annotated check list of the noctuoidea ( insecta , lepidoptera ) of north america north of mexico . zookeys 40 : 1 - 239 .
peacock , j . w . , d . f . schweitzer , j . l . carter , and n . r . dubois . 1998 . laboratory assessment of the effects of bacillus thuringiensis on native lepidoptera . environmental entomology 27 ( 2 ) : 450 - 457 .
sargent , t . d . 1976 . legion of night : the underwing moths . university of massachusetts press , amherst , ma . 222 pp . and 8 plates .
schweitzer , dale f . 2004 . gypsy moth ( lymantria dispar ) : impacts and options for biodiversity - oriented land managers . natureserve , arlington , virginia . natureserve explorer . online . available : urltoken
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ridgely , r . s . , t . f . allnutt , t . brooks , d . k . mcnicol , d . w . mehlman , b . e . young , and j . r . zook . 2003 . digital distribution maps of the birds of the western hemisphere , version 1 . 0 . natureserve , arlington , virginia , usa .
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larvae feed exclusively on plants in the genus morella , such as wax myrtle and northern bayberry .
a little wife underwing moth in worcester co . , maryland ( 04 / 13 / 2014 ) . photo by scott housten . ( mbp list )
a little wife underwing moth in worcester co . , maryland ( 7 / 19 / 2014 ) . verified by roger downer / bamona . photo by scott housten . ( mbp list )
a little wife underwing moth in worcester co . , maryland ( 8 / 5 / 2014 ) . photo by scott housten . ( mbp list )
a little wife underwing moth in worcester co . , maryland ( 9 / 3 / 2013 ) . photo by scott housten . ( mbp list ) ( more of this species )
a little wife underwing moth in somerset co . , maryland ( 8 / 1 / 2004 ) . photo by lance biechele . ( mbp list )
a little wife underwing moth in worcester co . , maryland ( 7 / 24 / 2013 ) . photo by scott housten . ( mbp list )
a little wife underwing moth in worcester co . , maryland ( 7 / 23 / 2014 ) . photo by scott housten . ( mbp list )
a little wife underwing moth in worcester co . , maryland ( 9 / 5 / 2013 ) . photo by scott housten . ( mbp list )
little wife underwing moth in dorchester co . , maryland ( 8 / 6 / 2014 ) . photo by jonathan willey . ( mbp list )
a little wife underwing moth collected on the eastern shore in maryland . photo by john glaser . ( mbp list )
a little wife underwing moth caterpillar in worcester co . , maryland ( 7 / 16 / 2014 ) . photo by scott housten . ( mbp list )
use of images featured on maryland biodiversity project is only permitted with express permission of the photographer .
data and apps idaho fish and wildlife information system bringing information to bear on the management and conservation of fish , wildlife , and plants in idaho .


mordellistena sexmaculata is a species of beetle in the mordellistena genus that is in the mordellidae family .

it was described by champion in 1891 .

mordellistena sexmaculata

¿qué significa mordellistena ? existen 2 definiciones para la palabra mordellistena . también puedes añadir tu mismo una definición para mordellistena
mordellistena es un género de coleópteros de la familia mordellidae . incluye las siguientes especies : [ 1 ]
larva : mordellistena is the only genus in this family which larvae have characteristic tergal processes and paired urogomphi ( comment by artjom zaitsev ) .
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upcoming events 2018 bugguide gathering in virginia july 27 - 29 : registration and discussion photos of insects and people from the 2015 gathering in wisconsin , july 10 - 12 photos of insects and people from the 2014 gathering in virginia , june 4 - 7 . photos of insects and people from the 2013 gathering in arizona , july 25 - 28 photos of insects and people from the 2012 gathering in alabama photos of insects and people from the 2011 gathering in iowa photos from the 2010 workshop in grinnell , iowa photos from the 2009 gathering in washington
formerly treated in a much broader sense ; many spp . have been moved to other genera , incl .
small , slender , linear or wedge - shaped . scutellum somewhat trianglular , rounded . antennae usually threadlike , sometimes slightly sawtoothed . eyes coarsely granulate . each hind tibia has 1 - 6 short , more or less oblique ridges on outer surface ; tarsal segments may also bear ridges . most are solid black , but some have red , orange or yellow markings
plants in aster family , some trees , mostly oak . for many species , food in unknown .
ford e . j . , jackman j . a . ( 1996 ) new larval host plant associations of tumbling flower beetles ( coleoptera : mordellidae ) in north america . coleopterists bulletin 50 : 361 - 368 .
nomenclatural changes for selected mordellidae ( coleoptera ) in north america j . a . jackman & w . lu . 2001 . insecta mundi 15 ( 1 ) : 31 - 34 .
taxonomic changes for fifteen species of north american mordellidae ( coleoptera ) a . e . lisberg . 2003 . insecta mundi 17 ( 3 - 4 ) : 191 - 194 .
american beetles , volume ii : polyphaga : scarabaeoidea through curculionoidea arnett , r . h . , jr . , m . c . thomas , p . e . skelley and j . h . frank . ( eds . ) . 2002 . crc press llc , boca raton , fl .
a manual of common beetles of eastern north america dillon , elizabeth s . , and dillon , lawrence . 1961 . row , peterson , and company .
peterson field guides : beetles richard e . white . 1983 . houghton mifflin company .
the book of field and roadside : open - country weeds , trees , and wildflowers of eastern north america john eastman , amelia hansen . 2003 . stackpole books .
disclaimer : dedicated naturalists volunteer their time and resources here to provide this service . we strive to provide accurate information , but we are mostly just amateurs attempting to make sense of a diverse natural world . if you need expert professional advice , contact your local extension office .
contributors own the copyright to and are solely responsible for contributed content . click the contributor ' s name for licensing and usage information . everything else copyright © 2003 - 2018 iowa state university , unless otherwise noted .
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note : the coproporus sp . shown is one of the smallest insects photographed . it is very similar to a hydroscapha sp . skiff beetle . a better photo is needed for a positive i . d .


bosara longipecten is a moth in the geometridae family .

it is found on borneo .

the habitat consists of areas at altitudes between 1,500 and 2,600 meters .

the length of the forewings is 7 – 8 mm .

bosara longipecten

bosara dilatata is a moth in the family geometridae . it is found on borneo , peninsular malaysia , sulawesi and in new guinea .
bosara emarginaria is a moth in the family geometridae . it is found on borneo and in sri lanka , the north - eastern himalayas and hong kong .
a taxon identifier is composed of name , author , year and attribute , all separated by a blank . these are all extracted from the original publication .
the name is reproduced exactly as proposed in the original publication . the name of a genus is made up of one word and species made up of two words ( genus and species ) separated by a blank .
the author ' s name is made up of a string of letters , with no blanks , and multiple authors ' names are separated by a comma . spelling of author ' s name is based on the original publication . if there are more than three authors , only the names of the first two authors are shown , followed by
, +
and the number of omitted authors .
attribute is enclosed in square brackets . this is rarely needed , but to differentiate homo - identifiers , this will contain the page , line or plate number of original publication .
all diacritic marks , hyphens , and apostrophes are eliminated , thus only the following characters are used : a to z , a to z , 0 to 9 , blank , comma , and opening and closing square brackets . although upper and lower cases are used for the convenience of human recognition , it is not case sensitive .
created by dicky sick ki yu 1997 - 2012 please send me information about errors and omissions ( contact information ) with supporting references , possibly with pdf or hard copy .
walker , 1866 , list specimens lepid . insects colln br . mus . , 35 : 1693 .
this is a small species with , in the male , a prominent crest of scales protruding anteriorly from the subbasal region of the forewing costa , itself rather bowed .
turner may prove to be a further synonym , extending the range of the species to queensland ( holotype , anic , canberra , examined but not dissected ) .
borneo , peninsular malaysia ; sulawesi ( ssp . pelopsaria ) ; new guinea ( ssp . hydrographica ) ; ? queensland ( see note above )
the original material , taken by a . r . wallace , may have been from the lowlands . the species has not been recorded in recent surveys .
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walker , 1866 , list specimens lepid . insects colln br . mus . , 35 : 1675 .
hampson , 1893 , illustr . typical specimens lep . het . colln . mus . , 9 : 153 .
this is the smallest of the grey species and has the hindwing fasciated in a similar manner to the forewing . on both wings there are unevenly sized black dots in the spaces just distal to the postmedial .
the species is infrequent , but has been taken from the lowlands to the upper montane forest zone at 1780m .


neofriseria baungaardiella is a moth of the gelechiidae family .

it was described by huemer and karsholt in 1999 .

it is found in greece , southern spain and portugal .

neofriseria baungaardiella

neofriseria baungaardiella huemer & karsholt , 1999 ; microlep . europe 3 : 170 , 33 ; tl : gekenland molivos lesvos
neofriseria caucasicella sattler , 1960 ; dt . ent . zs . 7 ( 1 - 2 ) : 50
neofriseria kuznetzovae bidzilya , 2002 ; shilap revta lepid . 30 ( 119 ) : ( 239 - 243 )
neofriseria turkmeniella ; bidzilya , 2009 , shilap revta lepid . 37 ( 147 ) : 303 ( note )
neofriseria sceptrophora ; piskunov , 1987 , vestn . zool . 1987 ( 2 ) : 10 ; [ nhm card ]
neofriseria hitadoella karsholt & vives , 2014 ; shilap revta lepid . 42 ( 168 ) : 651 ; tl : spain , huelva , los bermejales , niebla
neofriseria turkmeniella piskunov , 1987 ; vestn . zool . 1987 ( 2 ) : 11 ; tl : turkmen ssr , distr . mary , badkhyz state reserve
neofriseria caucasicella ; piskunov , 1987 , vestn . zool . 1987 ( 2 ) : 8 ; [ nhm card ] ; [ me3 ] , 168 , 33
neofriseria sattler , 1960 ; dt . ent . zs . 7 ( 1 - 2 ) : 16 - 17 [ key ] , 48 ; ts : lita peliella treitschke
neofriseria peliella ; piskunov , 1987 , vestn . zool . 1987 ( 2 ) : 9 ; [ nhm card ] ; [ me3 ] , 169 , 33 ; [ fe ]
neofriseria singula ; piskunov , 1987 , vestn . zool . 1987 ( 2 ) : 11 ; [ nhm card ] ; [ me3 ] , 169 , 33 ; [ fe ]
neofriseria pseudoterrella ; piskunov , 1987 , vestn . zool . 1987 ( 2 ) : 9 ; [ nhm card ] ; [ me3 ] , 171 , 33 ; [ fe ]
= ; [ nhm card ] ; piskunov , 1987 , vestn . zool . 1987 ( 2 ) : 11 ; [ me3 ] , 169 , 33
gelechia pseudoterrella rebel , 1928 ; zs . öst . entver . 13 : 51 ; tl : spain
gelechia sceptrophora meyrick , 1926 ; exot . microlep . 3 ( 9 ) : 276 ; tl : asia minor , kasikoparan
larva on atraphaxis spinosa , a . badghysi , a . pyrifolia bidzilya , 2009 , shilap revta lepid . 37 ( 147 ) : 303
sangmi lee , richard brown & sibyl bucheli . gelechioidea - a global framework ;
[ maps ] warning ! the maps are automatically generated from the textual information , and the process does not always produce acceptable result ; see about maps for more info .
walsingham , 1896 gelechia suppeliella , sp . n . , distinguished from peliella , tr . ent . mon . mag . 32 : 250 - 251
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austria , belgium , britain , germany , denmark , spain , italy , corsica , latvia , lithuania , luxembourg , netherlands , norway , poland , portugal , romania , sardinia , slovakia , the soviet union - the european part , finland , france , czech republic , switzerland , sweden , estonia .
regions of the russian federation : the volga - don , the european central european south taiga , mid - volzhsky , south ural .
austria , belarus , belgium , the british isles , germany , greece ( mainland ) , denmark ( mainland ) , spain ( mainland ) , italy ( mainland ) , corsica , latvia , lithuania , luxembourg , netherlands , norway ( mainland ) , poland , portugal ( mainland ) , romania , russia , sardinia , slovakia , slovenia , ukraine , finland , france ( mainland ) , czech republic , switzerland , sweden , estonia .
[ 10 ] de jong , y . s . d . m . ( ed . ) ( 2011 ) fauna europaea version 2 . 4 ( faunaeur . org )
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curators : konstantin efetov , vasiliy feoktistov , svyatoslav knyazev , evgeny komarov , stan korb , alexander zhakov .
species catalog enables to sort by characteristics such as expansion , flight time , etc . .
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scoparia vinotinctalis is a moth in the crambidae family .

it was described by hampson in 1896 .

it is found in india , where it has been recorded from the nilgiri plateau .

scoparia vinotinctalis

vad betyder scoparia ? här finner du 2 definitioner av scoparia . du kan även lägga till betydelsen av scoparia själv
scoparia är ett släkte av fjärilar som beskrevs av adrian hardy haworth 1811 . enligt catalogue of life ingår scoparia i familjen crambidae , men enligt dyntaxa är tillhörigheten istället fam [ . . ]
scoparia ustimacula c . felder , r . felder & rogenhofer in c . felder , r . felder & rogenhofer , 1875
scoparia rotuellus ( c . felder , r . felder & rogenhofer in c . felder , r . felder & rogenhofer , 1875 )
li , w . c . ( 2012 ) . one new species of the genus scoparia haworth , 1811 from china ( lepidoptera : crambidae , scopariinae ) . shilap revista de lepidopterología 40 ( 157 ) 73 - 75 .
scoparia is a grass moth genus ( family crambidae ) of subfamily scopariinae . some authors have assigned the synonymous taxon sineudonia to the snout moth family ( pyralidae ) , where all grass moths were once also included , but this seems to be in error .
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a new species of fish , pseudoliparis swirei , published in zootaxa ( 4358 : 161 - 177 ) by gerringer , m . e et al . was voted among top 10 new species described in 2017 .
a new species of madagascan crickets described by mustafa ünal and george beccaloni in zootaxa was featured in a national geographic story . well done mustafa and george !
a new species of wolf spider , lycosa aragogi , is named after aragog—the famous fictional spider from “harry potter” book series by j . k . rowling . the new species is similar to the animatronic puppet version of the character used in the film “harry potter and the chamber of secrets” , which is actually based on a wolf spider . the naming of the new species is dedicated to the 20th anniversary of harry potter book series .
mariah o . pfleger , r . dean grubbs , charles f . cotton , toby s . daly - engel
identification of nipaecoccus ( hemiptera : coccomorpha : pseudococcidae ) species in the united states , with descriptions of nipaecoccus bromelicola sp . n . and the male of n . floridensis beardsley
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as of 2012 , there were about 231 species . species occur on every continent except
, 1984 : contribution à l ' étude des scopariinae . 4 . révision des types décrits de la région paléarctique occidentale , description de dix nouveaux taxa et ébauche d ' une liste des espèces de cette région . ( lepidoptera : crambidae ) .
, 1985 : contribution à l ' étude des scopariinae . 5 . quatre nouveaux taxa d ' afghanistan . ( lepidoptera : crambidae ) .
, 1986 : contribution à l ' étude des scopariinae . 6 . dix nouveaux taxa , dont trois genres , de chine et du nord de l ' inde . ( lepidoptera : crambidae ) .
, 1998 : the scopariinae and heliothelinae stat . rev . ( lepidoptera : pyraloidea : crambidae ) of the oriental region - a revisional synopsis with descriptions of new species from the philippines and sumatra .
, 1998 : notes on the scopariinae from taiwan , with descriptions of nine new species ( lepidoptera : crambidae ) .
this article is issued from wikipedia - version of the 3 / 28 / 2016 . the text is available under the creative commons attribution / share alike but additional terms may apply for the media files .
authors : hampson , george francis , sir , bart . , 1860 - 1936 bell , thomas reid davys scott , francis burgess , 1885 -
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austria , belgium , great britain , hungary , germany , denmark , greece , ireland , italy , latvia , lithuania , luxembourg , netherlands , norway , poland , romania , sicily , slovakia , the soviet union - the european part , finland , france , czech republic , switzerland sweden , estonia .
regions of the russian federation : european north - west , central european , european southern taiga , the western caucasus , kaliningrad , karelia , mid - volzhsky , south ural .
austria , belarus , belgium , bosnia and herzegovina , the british isles , france , germany , greece ( mainland ) , denmark ( mainland ) , ireland , spain ( mainland ) , italy ( mainland ) , latvia , lithuania , luxembourg , macedonia , netherlands , norway ( mainland ) , the channel islands , poland , portugal ( mainland ) , russia , romania , sicily , slovakia , slovenia , faroe islands , finland , france ( mainland ) , croatia , czech republic , switzerland , sweden , estonia , yugoslavia .
[ 10 ] de jong , y . s . d . m . ( ed . ) ( 2011 ) fauna europaea version 2 . 4 ( faunaeur . org )
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curators : konstantin efetov , vasiliy feoktistov , svyatoslav knyazev , evgeny komarov , stan korb , alexander zhakov .
species catalog enables to sort by characteristics such as expansion , flight time , etc . .
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the gold spangle ( autographa bractea ) is a moth of the family noctuidae .

it is found in europe , across western siberia and the altai mountains , the northern caucasus , northern turkey and northern iran .

its wingspan is 42 – 50 mm .

the forewings are brown and gray with large rhomboid golden marks .

the hindwings and body are lighter grayish brown .

the moth flies from july to august depending on the location , and migrates long distances .

the larvae feed on a wide range of plants including hieracium , tussilago farfara , plantago , crepis paludosa , taraxacum , urtica , lamium , stachys and eupatorium cannabinum .

gold spangle

gold spangle ( autographa bractea ) - norfolk moths - the macro and micro moths of norfolk .
chamaecyparis pisifera ‘gold spangle’ is a fairly fast growing , upright conical selection of sawara cypress with bright gold foliage that grows as a combination of typical short sprays , thread - leaf and contorted branchlets . the degree of gold or yellow is also quite variable . as a very vigorous grower , these trees benefit from periodic shearing to maintain tidiness . after 10 years of growth , a mature specimen will measure 7 . 5 feet ( 2 . 5 m ) tall and 4 feet ( 1 . 3 m ) wide , an annual growth rate 8 inches ( 20 cm ) or more .
three well known forms of c . pisifera are : ( 1 ) c . pisifera f . filifera ( threadbranch sawara cypress featuring drooping , whip or cord - like branches covered primarily with scale - like adult leaves ) , ( 2 ) c . pisifera f . plumosa ( plume sawara cypress featuring feathery , airy and ferny branches covered with part adult / part juvenile leaves ) and ( 3 ) c . pisifera f . squarrosa ( moss sawara cypress featuring branches with soft , needle - like juvenile leaves ) . genus name comes from greek chamai meaning dwarf or to the ground and kyparissos meaning cypress tree . specific epithet comes from the latin word pissum meaing pea and ferre meaing to bear in reference to the very small rounded cones . ‘gold spangle ' is an upright broad - pyramidal form that features bright yellow thread - like foliage . it typically starts out as a low - growing shrubby plant , but will rise to 10 - 12 ' tall over the first 10 - 15 years , eventually maturing to as much as 25 - 35 ' tall .
much of the immense task of data abstracting and entry from printed and manuscript sources as well as preliminary editing and name - checking was carried out by volunteers . many of these were school students on work - experience placements during 1993 - 2000 from , initially , the coopers ' company and coborn school , upminster , and later from other schools in greater london : christopher andrewes , simon bennett ( 1994 nhm vacation studentship ) , steven bond , michael brownlow , emma causer , laurence cooper , ailsa cranfield ( 1998 nuffield studentship ) , emily dwiar , andrew enever , jane feehan , madeleine ferry , max friedman , edward gold , jennifer hodgkinson , christopher joint , fateha khatun ( 1996 nuffield studentship ) , james lowe , louisa marchant , gemma millward , christopher milne , carolyn oughton , william perkins , rebecca reith , eleanor resheph , clare sambidge , neil shaftain , stephen sloan , helen stevens , samuel tarry , david taylor and thomas yeatman .
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gaden s . robinson , phillip r . ackery , ian j . kitching , george w . beccaloni and luis m . hernández
records of caterpillar hostplants are scattered through published and manuscript sources worldwide and are difficult to retrieve . many rearing records are never published and so are not accessible to other entomologists . but collected hostplant records form a valuable scientific resource that can be used eventually to answer broader biological questions about how lepidoptera and plants interact ( eg , letourneau , hagen & robinson , 2001 ) . it provides information of immediate relevance to agriculture , ecology , forestry , conservation and taxonomy .
hosts brings together an enormous body of information on what the world ' s butterfly and moth ( lepidoptera ) caterpillars eat . the web - based version presented here offers a synoptic data set drawn from about 180 , 000 records comprising taxonomically ' cleaned ' hostplant data for about 22 , 000 lepidoptera species drawn from about 1600 published and manuscript sources . it is not ( and cannot be ) exhaustive , but it is probably the best and most comprehensive compilation of hostplant data available .
we hope that it will be useful to a wide range of biologists and that it will act as a spur to further recording and analysis of caterpillar - plant interactions .
hosts can be searched in two ways , using text search and drill - down search modes .
in text search mode , use either lepidoptera or hostplant criteria or a combination of the two . hosts operates only using scientific names . it is not possible to search for the hostplants of the red admiral butterfly but a search for hostplants using its scientific name , vanessa atalanta , will be successful . enter the generic name ( vanessa ) in the - lepidoptera criteria - genus box ; enter atalanta in the species : box ; click search .
hint : leave the ' starts with ' command as the default and in the species entry box omit the last few letters of the species - name ( eg , atalant ) . this will get around the problem of variable gender - endings . hosts uses original orthography of species - group names as far as possible , but some checklists follow the convention of altering the species - group name to accord with the presumed gender of the generic name ( eg flava , flavus ) .
restrict or refine searches using additional criteria ; choosing ' usa ' from the drop - down location box and entering [ starts with ] ' urt ' in the hostplant family box will return hostplant records of vanessa atalanta from urticaceae in the usa .
hint : restricting location may deliver a very incomplete subset of records : in the previous example all records specified as from the nearctic region ( usa + canada ) would be missed .
drill - down search mode allows the user to home in from the starting - point of either the lepidoptera or the plant family . choose a family group from the drop - down box and allow time for all genera of that family in the database to load to the genus drop - down box ; choose a genus and wait for the species to load . the search button can be pressed at any time , but the record delivery limit may be exceeded at higher taxonomic levels . drill - down search allows the user to see by scrolling all the taxa that are represented in the database . following the previous example , choose nymphalidae , then choose vanessa from the genus drop - down box and then atalanta from the ten possible species of vanessa included in hosts .
the preliminary search results pages give family , genus and species of the caterpillar and its hostplant . note that many hostplants are recorded as a plant genus only . clicking the caterpillar name will give the full record . the full record listing gives , additionally , the author of the lepidoptera species , subspecific information on the insect and the plant , if available , together with details of larval damage . laboratory rearings where the food utilised may not be the natural hostplant are indicated . the status of the record ( whether considered true , erroneous or suspect ) is not currently implemented in this version of hosts .
leguminosae ( c ) - caesalpinioideae . leguminosae ( m ) - mimosoideae . leguminosae ( p ) - papilionoideae .
all lepidoptera groups are covered and subspecific taxa are differentiated . the original source of the record , original form of the names used ( prior to taxonomic ' cleaning ' and standardisation of nomenclature ) and validation and verification fields are not included . this information is , however , retained in the databases used to generate this site . while we have included species that do not feed on green plants , the known food substrates of these are not listed exhaustively . such species comprise detritophages and predators and include , for example , most tineidae and the stored - products pests . the published compilations from hosts ( see more detail - publications from hosts ) include record status and the sources of all records .
detailed published compilations from hosts are available in press . these books give greater detail than the website , together with comprehensive cross - indexes , record status and full bibliographies . they are indispensable tools for naturalists and professional entomologists .
robinson , g . s . , ackery , p . r . , kitching , i . j . , beccaloni , g . w . & hernández , l . m . 2001 . hostplants of the moth and butterfly caterpillars of the oriental region . 744 pp .
robinson , g . s . , ackery , p . r . , kitching , i . j . , beccaloni , g . w . & hernández , l . m . 2002 . hostplants of the moth and butterfly caterpillars of america north of mexico . 824 pp . [ memoirs of the american entomological institute , volume 69 . ]
beccaloni , g . w . , viloria , a . l . , hall , s . k . & robinson , g . s . 2008 . catalogue of the hostplants of the neotropical butterflies / catálogo de las plantas huésped de las mariposas neotropicales . m3m - monografías tercer milenio , volume 8 . zaragoza , spain : sociedad entomológica aragonesa ( sea ) / red iberoamericana de biogeografía y entomología sistemática ( ribes ) / ciencia y tecnología para el desarrollo ( cyted ) / natural history museum , london , u . k . ( nhm ) / instituto venezolano de investigaciones científicas , venezuela ( ivic ) . 1 - 536 pp . , 1 fig , 3 tabs .
gaden robinson was responsible for the overall project design and management of the hosts database , and for records of lepidoptera exclusive of butterflies and bombycoid moths . phillip ackery and george beccaloni were responsible for butterfly data , including data drawn from card catalogues developed by ackery , whilst ian kitching was responsible for hostplant data of bombycoid moths . luis m . hernández was responsible for abstracting in the latter two years of the project and for development of the bibliography for the hardcopy versions of the data .
we are extremely grateful to the many people who contributed their own rearing records of lepidoptera or personal accumulations of data for inclusion in the hosts database , particularly mike bigger ( uk ) , john w . brown ( usa ) , chris conlan ( usa ) , rob ferber ( usa ) , konrad fiedler ( germany ) , jeremy holloway ( uk ) , frank hsu ( usa ) , jurie intachat ( malaysia ) , alec mcclay ( canada ) , bill palmer ( australia ) , pierre plauzoles ( usa ) and the generous individuals who contributed rearing records through the worldwideweb and who are known to us only as an email address .
we are particularly grateful to julian donahue and the los angeles county museum of natural history for allowing us to include data on microlepidoptera from the card catalogue prepared by the late j . a . comstock and c . henne , and for access to manuscript records by noel mcfarland .
marian fricano ( santa clara university ) and aileen giovanello ( clark university , international internship 1996 ) made substantial contributions of abstracted data ; fran love ( north carolina ) painstakingly checked scanned texts and reformatted them for import to paradox .
we are indebted to all our helpers for their diligence , accuracy and patience , and for their unswerving faith that this daunting project would reach a conclusion .
our colleagues here and overseas provided substantial help , advice and assistance with the checking of names of lepidoptera and with many other aspects of this project : kim and david goodger and jeremy holloway ( macrolepidoptera families ) , martin honey ( noctuoidea ) , brian pitkin ( computing ) , malcolm scoble and linda pitkin ( geometroidea ) , klaus sattler ( gelechioidea ) , michael shaffer ( pyraloidea , thyridoidea , pterophoroidea ) , alma solis ( usda , washington - pyraloidea ) , fernley symons ( oxford university - technical support ) and kevin tuck ( tortricoidea ) . julie harvey and the staff of the bmnh entomology and general libraries provided sterling support in locating obscure source material and intuitively correcting bowdlerized references .
we thank the trustees of the loke wan tho memorial foundation for their generous support for this project .
robinson , g . s . , p . r . ackery , i . j . kitching , g . w . beccaloni & l . m . hernández , 2010 . hosts - a database of the world ' s lepidopteran hostplants . natural history museum , london . urltoken . ( accessed : 18 aug . 2010 ) .
brummitt , r . k . 1992 . vascular plant families and genera . [ vi ] + 804 pp . , royal botanic gardens , kew .
kartesz , j . t . 1994 . a synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the unites states , canada and greenland . timber press , portland . 1 , checklist , lxi + 622 pp ; 2 , thesaurus , vii + 816 pp .
kitching , i . j . & cadiou , j . - m . 2000 . hawkmoths of the world : an annotated and illustrated revsionary checklist . xx + 500 pp . , cornell university press , ithaca .
kitching , i . j . & rawlins , j . e . 1999 . the noctuoidea . pp . 355 - 401 . in : kristensen , n . p . ( ed . ) lepidoptera , moths and butterflies . 1 . evolution , systematics and biogeography . handbook of zoology , 4 ( 35 ) . lepidoptera . x + 491 pp . de gruyter , berlin .
letourneau , d . k . , hagen , j . a . & robinson , g . s . 2001 . bt crops : evaluating benefits under cultivation and risks from escaped transgenes in the wild . pp . 33 - 98 . in : letourneau , d . k . & burrows , b . e . ( eds ) , genetically engineered organisms : assessing environmental and human health effects . [ viii ] + 438 pp . , crc press , boca raton .
mabberley , d . j . 1987 . the plant book . a portable dictionary of the higher plants . xii + 707 pp . , cambridge university press . [ the 1993 reprint edition is currently used in editing . ]
nielsen , e . s . , edwards , e . d . & rangsi , t . v . ( eds ) 1996 . checklist of the lepidoptera of australia . monographs on australian lepidoptera . 4 . xiv + 529 pp . , csiro , melbourne .
nye , i . w . b . ( ed . ) 1975 - 91 . the generic names of moths of the world . 1 : 568 pp . ( noctuoidea ( part ) - nye , i . w . b . , 1975 ) ; 2 : xiv + 228 pp . ( noctuoidea ( part ) - watson , a . , fletcher , d . s . & nye , i . w . b . , 1980 ) ; 3 : xx + 243 pp . ( geometroidea - fletcher , d . s . , 1979 ) ; 4 : xiv + 192 pp . ( bombycoidea to zygaenoidea - fletcher , d . s . & nye , i . w . b . , 1982 ) ; 5 : xv + 185 pp . ( pyraloidea - fletcher , d . s . & nye , 1984 ) ; 6 : xxix + 368 pp . ( microlepidoptera - nye , i . w . b . & fletcher , d . s . , 1991 ) . british museum ( natural history ) / the natural history museum , london .
rawlins , j . e . 1984 . mycophagy in lepidoptera . pp . 382 - 483 . in : wheeler , q . & blackwell , m . ( eds ) fungus - insect relationships . perspectives in ecology and evolution . 514 pp . , columbia university press .
robinson , g . s . 1999 . hosts - a database of the hostplants of the world ' s lepidoptera . nota lepidopterologica , 22 : 35 - 47 .
robinson , g . s . , ackery , p . r . , kitching , i . j . , beccaloni , g . w . & hernández , l . m . 2001 . hostplants of the moth and butterfly caterpillars of the oriental region . 744 pp . southdene sdn bhd , kuala lumpur .
robinson , g . s . , ackery , p . r . , kitching , i . j . , beccaloni , g . w . & hernández , l . m . 2002 . hostplants of the moth and butterfly caterpillars of america north of mexico . memoirs of the american entomological institute , 69 : 1 - 824 .
scoble , m . j . ( ed . ) 1999 . a taxonomic catalogue to the geometridae of the world ( insecta : lepidoptera ) . 2 vols . csiro publications , melbourne .
royal botanic garden edinburgh dipterocarpaceae database : http : / / 193 . 62 . 154 . 38 / diptero /
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easily grown in average , medium moisture , well - drained soils in full sun to part shade . best in part shade . prefers moist , fertile soils . avoid wet , poorly - drained soils . shelter from strong winds . pruning is rarely needed . winter burn may occur in some full sun locations .
, commonly known as sawara cypress , is a large , pyramidal , evergreen conifer that grows in the wild to 50 - 70’ ( infrequently to 150 ' ) tall with a trunk diameter to 5 ' . in cultivation , it more typically matures to a much smaller 20 - 30 ' tall . it is naive to the japanese islands of honshu and kyushu . fine - textured medium green needles are tinted white beneath . cones are small ( 1 / 4
across ) and ornamentally insignificant , appearing glaucous green during summer before turning black - brown when ripe . reddish brown bark peels in strips . species plants are rarely sold in commerce , but a large number of more compact cultivars including some dwarfs are available for purchase .
no serious insect or disease problems . some susceptibility to juniper blight , root rot and certain insect pests such as bagworms .
dwarf cultivars for rock gardens , foundation plantings or specimen . yellow foliage accent for the landscape .
the garden wouldn ' t be the garden without our members , donors and volunteers .
occupying waste ground , gardens and moorland , this species is widespread and fairly common in the north of britain , but less so in the south , where it is thought to be mainly a migrant .
the moth flies during july and august , and can be attracted to light .
the caterpillars feed on a range of plants , overwintering in this stage before pupating in late spring .
ukmoths is built , run and maintained by ian kimber , with thanks to the many kind contributors who provide photos and information .
the ukmoths facebook page is a great place to post your identification queries . more often than not you ' ll get a positive id on most photos fairly quickly .
looking for a specific moth species ? enter just part of the name below .
procache : v317 render date : 2018 - 07 - 04 06 : 44 : 47 page render time : 0 . 2337s total w / procache : 0 . 2715s
* click on your approximate section of the country to see a detailed map .
usda zone : 5 ( - 10 to - 20 f / - 26 . 1 to - 23 . 3 c )
growth size : intermediate : 6 to 12 inches ( 15 - 30 cm ) per year / 5 to 10 feet ( 1 . 5 - 3 m ) after 10 years .
this cultivar originated as a branch sport found in the early 1900s on a specimen of ch . pisifera ‘filifera aurea’ at koster brothers nursery , boskoop , the netherlands . it was later introduced to the nursery trade by a . mesman nursery , also of boskoop .
13 norfolk records , the first at dilham in 1958 ( g . ford ) .
recorded in 9 ( 13 % ) of 69 10k squares . first recorded in 1958 . last recorded in 2015 .
autographa bractea in norfolk [ 1958 ] rev . guy a . ford . ent . rec . 88 . 1976 .
underlying maps using digital map data © norfolk online lepidoptera archive - nola™ 2018 . © james wheeler - n o r f o l k m o t h s 2007 - 2018 . data © nola™ 2018
features bright yellow , thread - like foliage all year on arching stems that forms an irregular mound .
our current selection tops 400 varieties . to include plants we offered previously in your search , select
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description : wingspan 40 - 50 mm . forewings brown with a darker median area above the dorsum . there is a large prominent metallic spot in the median area of the wing ; this spot can vary in size between different individuals . hindwings pale fuscous with darker veining and a darker terminal band .
status : widely distributed across all counties but more commonly encountered in down , armagh and parts of fermanagh . it has also been recorded on rathlin island .
ecology : an attractive species that has a preference for open habitats including woodland clearings , damp meadows by streams and roadside verges . adults are active from dusk onwards and are attracted to light and flowers . the larvae feed from september to may on a variety of low - growing plants . it overwinters as a larva .
the northscaping netps plant search engine has determined that the netps account you have tried to access is inactive at this time . you may wish to contact the nursery or garden center to inquire about the status of their plant finder tool . or , there may be a technical problem with the account .
netps error information : error action : [ default ] , error code : [ account . 102 ] , error info : [ netpsid request to database returned ! = ' active ' ]
a resident that is widely distributed but not a common moth in derbyshire . this plusia has been recorded in all areas of the county . it is not common and is primarily an upland species with greatest population in the north . it is quiet rare in the southern lowlands and records could relate to vagrants or immigrants .
– the diagnostic feature is the large white mark ( like a warped triangle ) in the centre of the dark bronze coloured forewing . as with all the plusias , several thoracic tufts are striking features .
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epihippus is an extinct genus of the modern horse family equidae that lived in the eocene , from 46 to 38 million years ago .

epihippus is believed to have evolved from orohippus , which continued the evolutionary trend of increasingly efficient grinding teeth .

epihippus had five grinding , low-crowned cheek teeth with well-formed crests .

a late species of epihippus , sometimes referred to as duchesnehippus intermedius , had teeth similar to oligocene equids , although slightly less developed .

whether duchesnehippus was a subgenus of epihippus or a distinct genus is disputed .

this is an early species of a horse .

epihippus

what made you want to look up epihippus ? please tell us where you read or heard it ( including the quote , if possible ) .
, which was slightly heavier and equipped with more robust grinding teeth than its ancestors . epihippus also continued the trend toward enlarged middle toes , and it seems to have been the first prehistoric horse to spend more time feeding in meadows than in forests .
although still a primitive horse the teeth of epihippus show a trend more towards the grinding of grasses over the slicing of plant vegetation like leaves .  this is a reaction to the changing ecosystems of the eocene which saw the beginning of a reduction in forests with their subsequent replacement by grassy plains .  this process would go on throughout the forthcoming oligocene and miocene epochs ,  steadily driving horses towards the modern forms we know today .  today epihippus is widely regarded as being the direct descendent of orohippus .
…from the middle eocene , and epihippus , a genus from the late eocene , resembled eohippus in size and in the structure of the limbs . but the form of the cheek teeth—the four premolars and the three molars found in each half of both jaws—had changed somewhat . in eohippus the premolars and…
name : epihippus  ( upon horse )  . phonetic : ep - e - hup - pus . named by : otrhniel charles marsh  -  1877 . synonyms : duchesnehippus ? classification : chordata ,  mammalia ,  perissodactyla ,  equidae ,  hyracotheriinae . species : e .  intermedius ,  e .  gracilis ,  e .  uintensis . diet : herbivore . size : around 60 centimetres high at the shoulder . known locations : canada and usa . time period : lutetian to bartonian of the eocene . fossil representation : well over thirty individuals .
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full reference : r . a . stirton . 1940 . phylogeny of north american equidae . university of california publications in geological sciences 25 ( 4 ) : 165 - 198
full reference : o . c . marsh . 1871 . notice of some new fossil mammals from the tertiary formation . american journal of science 2 ( 7 ) : 35 - 44
see also black 1979 , granger 1908 , hanson 1996 , macfadden 1980 , marsh 1871 , marsh 1874 , mccarroll et al . 1996 , peterson 1919 , scott 1945 , stirton 1940 and westgate 1990
average measurements ( in mm ) : m1 7 . 80 x 10 . 05 , m2 8 . 25 x 10 . 75 , m3 8 . 40 x 10 . 41 , m1 7 . 68 x 5 . 43
full reference : o . a . peterson . 1931 . new species from the oligocene of the uinta . annals of carnegie museum 21 ( 2 ) : 61 - 78
see also macfadden 1998 , peterson 1931 , rasmussen et al . 1999 and scott 1945
n . a genus of fossil horses from the upper eocene of north america , having four toes in front and three behind .
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the modern day horse of today is the result of over 55 million years of evolution . the fossilised remains of eohippus who is also known as the ' dawn horse ' or ' hyracotherium ' , is considered to be where the horse , or ' equus ' , as we know them today , originated from . eohippus not only developed into equus , but it also led to a whole family tree of other equine species .
eohippus was the size of a small dog at around 14 inches or 3 . 2hh .
teeth - eohippus had three incisors , one canine , four pre molars and three grinding molars on each side of the jaw .
teeth o three incisors , one canine , four pre molars and three molars , starting to change to give greater chewing and grinding action .
front legs o able to stand on one central toe with the side toes still partly functioning and the forelegs much longer than before .
hind legs able to stand on one toe still with the side toes still partly functioning . hind legs becoming much longer .
body becoming heavier and more powerful to enable them to flee from any predators .
front and hind legs : one single toe that becomes the hoof . the side toes have now formed into splint bones on either side of the cannon bone and the pads have developed into the frog on the sole of the hoof .
neck strong and more slender allowing pliohippus to balance and easily reach for forage .
hind legs muscular and strong giving the horse great power , speed and endurance .
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during the miocene , north america saw the evolution of
intermediate
horses , bigger than hyracotherium and its ilk but smaller than the equines that followed . one of the most important of these was
. parahippus can be considered a next - model miohippus , slightly bigger than its ancestor and having long legs , robust teeth , and enlarged middle toes . merychippus was the largest of all these intermediate equines , about the size of a modern horse with an especially fast gait .


otolithes ruber , commonly known as the tigertooth croaker , is a fish native to the indian and western pacific oceans and the bay of bengal .

otolithes ruber

nerocila sundaica ( isopoda , cymothoidae ) parasitizing otolithes ruber from nagapattinam , southeast coast of india .
nerocila sundaica ( isopoda , cymothoidae ) parasitizing otolithes ruber from nagapattinam , southeast coast of india . - pubmed - ncbi
silver teraglin , otolithes ruber . source : dinh d . tran , fimsea / http : / / ffish . asia . license : cc by attribution
santhoshkumar s , cbt rajagopalsamy , p jawahar , n jayakumar and p pavinkumar . growth and mortality characteristics of otolithes ruber ( schneider , 1801 ) exploited off thoothukudi coast , tamil nadu . 2017 ; 5 ( 4 ) : 1746 - 1749 .
abstract : a detailed analysis was undertaken to study the growth and mortality characteristics of the otolithes ruber in thoothukudi coast from july 2006 to june 2007 . the growth parameters l∞ , k and t 0 were estimated as 37 . 28 cm , 0 . 27 and - 0 . 58 respectively . the k value of o . ruber was relatively low which inferring slow growth rate of this tropical demersal fish species . the estimated total instantaneous mortality co - efficient ( z ) of o . ruber was 2 . 45 and the fishing mortality co - efficient ( f ) was 1 . 74 . the species are slightly over exploited in this region .
( of otolithes argenteus ( cuvier , 1830 ) ) froese , r . & d . pauly ( editors ) . ( 2018 ) . fishbase . world wide web electronic publication . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of otolithes rubber ( bloch & schneider , 1801 ) ) froese , r . & d . pauly ( editors ) . ( 2018 ) . fishbase . world wide web electronic publication . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of johnius ruber bloch & schneider , 1801 ) froese , r . & d . pauly ( editors ) . ( 2018 ) . fishbase . world wide web electronic publication . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
several nerocila species appear to have little or no host specificity . however , in india , nerocila sundaica was found to be attached to the pectoral fin or on the body of the fish otolithes ruber . during october 2013 , the parasitic prevalence reached 42 . 2 % and the mean intensity was equal to 1 . the infected host fish ' s size ranged from 12 . 5 to 17 . 2 cm . moreover , slight tissue damages were also observed in the host fish .
( of otolithoides ruber ( bloch & schneider , 1801 ) ) froese , r . & d . pauly ( editors ) . ( 2018 ) . fishbase . world wide web electronic publication . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of otolithus ruber ( bloch & schneider , 1801 ) ) froese , r . & d . pauly ( editors ) . ( 2018 ) . fishbase . world wide web electronic publication . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
description found in coastal waters . feeds on fishes , prawns and other invertebrates ( ref . 5213 ; 9772 ) . occurs at temperatures ranging from . . .
description found in coastal waters . feeds on fishes , prawns and other invertebrates ( ref . 5213 ; 9772 ) . occurs at temperatures ranging from 26 to 29°c ( ref . 4959 ) . generally marketed fresh , may be dried or salted ( ref . 5284 ) . [ details ]
the webpage text is licensed under a creative commons attribution - noncommercial 4 . 0 license
froese , r . & d . pauly ( editors ) . ( 2018 ) . fishbase . world wide web electronic publication . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
liu j . y . [ ruiyu ] ( ed . ) . ( 2008 ) . checklist of marine biota of china seas . china science press . 1267 pp . ( look up in imis ) [ details ] available for editors [ request ]
( of otolithus argenteus cuvier , 1830 ) froese , r . & d . pauly ( editors ) . ( 2018 ) . fishbase . world wide web electronic publication . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of otolithus orientalis seale , 1910 ) froese , r . & d . pauly ( editors ) . ( 2018 ) . fishbase . world wide web electronic publication . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of otolithus tridentifer richardson , 1846 ) froese , r . & d . pauly ( editors ) . ( 2018 ) . fishbase . world wide web electronic publication . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of otolithus versicolor cuvier , 1829 ) froese , r . & d . pauly ( editors ) . ( 2018 ) . fishbase . world wide web electronic publication . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
ang , p . o . ; wong , c . k . ; lin , t . p . ; ma , w . c . ; hung , s . ( 2005 ) . biological monitoring in sha chau and lung kwu chau marine park . submitted to agriculture , fisheries and conservation department , the hong kong sar government . [ details ]
found in coastal waters ( ref . 30573 ) . feeds on fishes , prawns and other invertebrates ( ref . 5213 , 9772 ) . generally marketed fresh , may be dried or salted ( ref . 5284 ) .
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en - tigertooth croaker , fr - grande verrue tigre , sp - bombache tigre mayor .
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trewavas , e . 1977 ,
the sciaenid fishes ( croakers or drums ) of the indo - west pacific
, transactions of the zoological society of london , vol . 33 , pp . 253 - 541 figs 1 - 61 pls 1 - 14
cuvier , g . l . in cuvier , g . l . & valenciennes , a . 1830 , vol . 5 , pp . 499 pp . pls 100 - 140 , levrault , paris
huber , m . 2010 ,
neotrapezium sublaevigatum ( lamarck , 1819 ) .
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : feb17128 - 761e - 4080 - 93fa - fe18297e4c8f
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : cdd525c0 - 5ce5 - 454f - ac8f - 6386507c43d2
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . name : 303497
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to cite this page : myers , p . , r . espinosa , c . s . parr , t . jones , g . s . hammond , and t . a . dewey . 2018 . the animal diversity web ( online ) . accessed at https : / / animaldiversity . org .
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rameshkumar g 1 , ramesh m 1 , ravichandran s 2 , trilles jp 3 , shobana c 1 .
unit of toxicology , department of zoology , school of life sciences , bharathiar university , coimbatore , 641 046 tamil nadu india .
centre of advanced study in marine biology , faculty of marine science , annamalai university , parangipettai , 608 502 tamil nadu india .
umr 5119 ( cnrs - um2 - ifremer - ird ) , equipe adaptation ecophysiologique et ontogenèse , université montpellier 2 , cc . 092 , place e . bataillon , 34095 montpellier cedex 05 , france .
pmid : 26688655 pmcid : pmc4675587 doi : 10 . 1007 / s12639 - 014 - 0439 - 1


speyeria hydaspe , the hydaspe fritillary , is a species of orange-brown butterfly found in the western portions of the united states and canada .

a small fritillary , it usually has cream-colored underwing spots , but the vancouver island subspecies has silver spots .

it is similar to s. zerene and s. atlantis , but may be distinguished by the smooth and even appearance of its postmedian spotband .

the caterpillars feed on violets including viola glabella .

a single brood flies from july through september and feeds on flower nectar .

they may be found in moist forests , in clearings and subalpine meadows .

speyeria hydaspe

the core of hydaspe ' s distribution is the pacific northwest , ranging north to central bc and the mountains of southern alberta , and south to colorado and california ( scott 1986 ) . there is an isolated population in the cypress hills of saskatchewan ( layberry et al . 1998 ) , so it should be watched for on the alberta side of the hills .
diagnosis : the upperside of both wings is a rich orange brown , much darker at the base , with heavy black markings . the hindwing underside disc is a rich maroon colour , sometimes with a lavender tint , and often extends well into , or completely fills , the submarginal band between the spots . the spots on the hindwing below are variable ; they may be silver but are more commonly yellowish . wingspan : 44 to 60 mm .
range : in canada , this species flies from the rocky mountains of alberta westward to vancouver island and north as far as mt . hoadley in british columbia . there is an isolated population in the cypress hills of saskatchewan .
similar species : the dark maroon underside distinguishes this species from other greater fritillaries .
early stages : the larvae are black with dark spines on the back and orange - brown spines on the sides .
abundance : this fritillary can be abundant along the pacific coast ( howe , 1975 ) , but tends to be only locally common farther east .
flight season : june to august is their normal flight period , being most numerous in july .
habits : this is a moist woodland species in the western part of its canadian range , but it also occurs in drier areas in central british columbia . it is usually found in forest clearings with other fritillaries on flowers .
( skinner , 1911 ) was recently shown to be invalid ( kondla , 2001 ) . the slightly darker coastal populations might be a different subspecies but more study is needed .
© 2002 . this material is reproduced with permission from the butterflies of canada by ross a . layberry , peter w . hall , and j . donald lafontaine . university of toronto press ; 1998 . specimen photos courtesy of john t . fowler .
upperside orange - brown with dark bases and heavy dark markings . underside light brown to dark maroon with violet tinge . hindwing submarginal band slightly paler than rest of wing ; spots cream - colored , bordered with black , and may or may not be silvered .
eggs are laid near host plants . unfed , first - stage caterpillars hibernate ; in the spring they eat leaves .
violets including viola adunca , v . glabella , v . nuttallii , v . orbiculata , and v . purpurea .
british columbia east to alberta , south to southern california , idaho , montana , and new mexico .
g5 - demonstrably secure globally , though it may be quite rare in parts of its range , especially at the periphery .
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one yearly flight peaking in mid july to mid august , depending on altitude and snowpack .
has a maroon - brown underside with creamy - white in place of the usual silvery - white discs . subspecies
the mature larvae are black and spiny , and lack pale markings ( guppy and shepard 2001 ) . in the us , first - instar larvae hibernate without feeding ( scott 1986 ) . this species prefers cool / moist coniferous forests of the mountains to the dry grasslands inhabited by most other
sp . ) ( guppy & shepard 2001 ) , and adults are attracted to yellow composite flowers ( bird et al . 1995 ) .
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a bright - orange , medium - sized frit , strongly purplish below ( and in our area , nearly unsilvered ) , limited to mid - elevations on the sierran west slope where it is common at lang , occasional at washington and only an infrequent stray at donner . a species of mixed - mesic forest , commonly seen along roadsides and in successional stands where it visits pink dogbane , giant hyssop , milkweeds , yerba santa , etc . it frequently co - occurs with s . callippe juba and s . zerene , but generally below s . egleis , mormonia and atlantis . one brood , june - september . host plants violets ; species undetermined .
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deschutes national forest , deschutes co . , or 8 / 2 / 06 .
mt . hood , clackamas co . , or 8 / 8 / 06 .


rhagastis rubetra is a moth of the family sphingidae .

it is known from indonesia ( kalimantan , nias , sumatra ) north through malaysia ( sarawak , peninsular ) to thailand and possibly southern china ( tibet ) .

rhagastis rubetra

rhagastis rubetra rothschild & jordan , 1907 , novit . zool . 14 : 95 . type locality : [ indonesia , sumatera utara , ] nias .
rhagastis rubetra rothschild & jordan , 1907 , novit . zool . , 14 : 95 . rhagastis mjobergi clark , 1923 , proc . new engl . zool . club , 8 : 69 .
forewing upperside similar to rhagastis velata but ground colour ranging from pale grey to grey - green ( olive - green in rhagastis velata ) ; the intensity of the dark markings varies considerably from almost absent to strongly present . labial palp segment 2 strongly narrowed towards the base ( as in rhagastis acuta and rhagastis hayesi ) . however , although similar to rhagastis acuta , rhagastis hayesi and rhagastis velata , distinguishable from the first two species by the fore upperside ground colour and from the last by the shape of the labial palp segment 2 .
rhagastis mjobergi clark , 1923 ; proc . new england zool . cl . 8 : 69
synonymized with rhagastis castor as a subspecies by inoue , 1990 , tinea 12 : 255 .
transferred to rhagastis by rothschild & jordan , 1903 , novit . zool . 9 ( suppl . ) : 792 ( key ) , 798 .
rhagastis rothschild & jordan , 1903 ; novit . zool . 9 ( suppl . ) : 675 [ key ] , 791 ; ts : pergesa velata walker
transferred to rhagastis by rothschild & jordan , 1903 , novit . zool . 9 ( suppl . ) : 792 ( key ) , 793 . erroneously included in rhyncholaba by de freina , 1976 , atalanta 7 : 241 . transferred back to rhagastis by d ' abrera , [ 1987 ] , sphingidae mundi : 200 .
an unmistakable species with the olive - green forewing overlain by broad , dark red and partially merged transverse bands . dorsal scaling of antenna brown or black from near the base to near the hook . labial palp segment 1 apical cavity distinct ; segment 2 not narrowed towards base . outer row of forebasitarsal spines simple . forewing upperside ground colour olive green ; transverse bands dark red , broad , irregular and partially merged . forewing underside ground colour bright pink . hindwing upperside median band flushed with pink . hindwing underside ground colour bright pink . uncus weakly dilated apically , slightly sinuate . gnathos narrow , obtusely pointed . valve with about 6 very large stridulatory scales . harpe slender , horizontal , slightly spatulate in dorsal view , weakly upcurved apically . aedeagus similar to rhagastis olivacea , the left process short and broad .
in the male genitalia , valve with 2 - 3 large stridulatory scales . aedeagus without apical free processes , left side with an oblique row of small teeth .
diagnosis . this is a darker , greyer species than its congeners , with straighter forewing margins and distinctive dark patches discally and associated with the submarginal . geographical range . nias , sumatra , peninsular malaysia , borneo . habitat preference . four specimens have been taken in lowland forest in brunei .
ne . himalaya , china , taiwan , burma , sumatra , java , borneo . see [ maps ]
pergesa aurifera butler , 1875 ; proc . zool . soc . lond . 1875 : 7 [ ne . himalayas ]
pergesa olivacea moore , 1872 ; proc . zool . soc . lond . 1872 ( 2 ) : 567 ; tl : simla , nw . himalayas , 7000ft
pergesa velata walker , 1866 ; list spec . lepid . insects colln br . mus . 35 : 1853 ; tl : darjeeling
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walker , 1866 list of the specimens of lepidopterous insects in the collection of the british museum list spec . lepid . insects colln br . mus . 31 : 1 - 322 ( [ 1865 ] ) , 32 : 323 - 706 ( 1865 ) , 33 : 707 - 1120 ( 1865 ) , 34 : 1121 - 1534 ( [ 1866 ] ) , 35 : 1535 - 2040 ( 1866 )
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zamarada differens is a moth of the geometridae family .

it is found in subtropical africa and is known from central african republic , chad , comoros , kenya , malawi , mozambique , south africa , tanzania , uganda , zambia and zimbabwe .

the fore and hindwings of this species are yellow-greenish and it has a wingspan of 20 mm .

zamarada differens

children zamarada undescribed sp . 1 , zamarada polymnia , zamarada pringlei , zamarada prionotos , zamarada psammites , zamarada crystallophana , zamarada crysopa , zamarada consecuta , zamarada bathyscaphes , zamarada crystallophana cf . 1 , zamarada adiposata , zamarada psectra , zamarada varii , zamarada vulpina , zamarada tosta cf . , zamarada aclea , zamarada polyctemon , zamarada transvisaria , zamarada ascaphes , zamarada pulverosa , zamarada pulverosa cf . , zamarada purimargo , zamarada pyrocincta , zamarada rubrifascia , zamarada scintillans , zamarada sp . 1 , zamarada taborae , zamarada viridiceps , zamarada erugata , zamarada ignicosta subsp . ignicosta , zamarada hemimeres , zamarada glareosa , zamarada gamma , zamarada flavicincta , zamarada flavicaput , zamarada fessa , zamarada excavata , zamarada exarata , zamarada ilma , zamarada euerces subsp . euerces , zamarada eroessa , zamarada phaeozona , zamarada erna , zamarada acosmeta , zamarada dorsiplaga , zamarada differens , zamarada dentigera , zamarada denticatella , zamarada densisparsa , zamarada delosis , zamarada deceptrix , zamarada euterpe , zamarada pandatilinea , zamarada inermis , zamarada odontophora , zamarada opposita , zamarada ordinaria , zamarada perplexa , zamarada nebulimargo , zamarada metrioscaphes , zamarada metallicata , zamarada melpomene cf . , zamarada melpomene , zamarada medianata , zamarada jansei , zamarada iobathra , zamarada euerces subsp . phygas , zamarada ignicosta subsp . pyrilampes , zamarada plana subsp . denticincta
garlacz r . 2001 . species of the genus zamarada moore in nigeria with notes on their geographical distribution ( rhopalocera , geometridae , ennominae ) . - lambillionea 101 ( 4 ) : 610–616 .
fletcher d . s . 1974 . a revision of the old world genus zamarada ( lepidoptera : geometridae ) . - bulletin of the british museum of natural history ( entomology ) supplement 22 : 1–498 , pls . 1–123 .
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jahrg . 1 ( 1907 - 1908 ) - internationale entomologische zeitschrift . - biodiversity heritage library
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cameroon , afrique occid . [ dentale ] , johann - albrechts höhe station , 1896 , leg . l . conradt .
oberthür c . 1912 . vii . révision des phalénites décrites par guenée dans le species general des lépidoptères ( tome ix ) –famille 11 . - etudes de lépidoptérologie comparée 6 : 1–355 , pls . 1–64 coloured + 1–69 black and white .
the fore and hindwings of this species are yellow - greenish and it has a wingspan of 20 mm . . . .
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liberia , nimba , grassfield , vi–vii . 1967 , leg . a . f . forbes - watson .
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jocara breviornatalis is a species of snout moth in the genus jocara .

it was described by augustus radcliffe grote in 1877 .

it is found in the u.s. states of texas , oklahoma and florida .

jocara breviornatalis

this is the place for breviornatalis definition . you find here breviornatalis meaning , synonyms of breviornatalis and images for breviornatalis copyright 2017 © urltoken
jocara breviornatalis - urdu meaning and translation of jocara breviornatalis , translation , multiple word search ( seperate words with space ) , english to urdu machine translation of jocara breviornatalis and more .
here you will find one or more explanations in english for the word breviornatalis . also in the bottom left of the page several parts of wikipedia pages related to the word breviornatalis and , of course , breviornatalis synonyms and on the right images related to the word breviornatalis .
jocara cacalis ( c . felder , r . felder & rogenhofer , 1875 )
jocara is a genus of snout moths . it was described by francis walker in 1863 .
jocara walker , 1863
at markku savela ' s lepidoptera and some other life forms . retrieved may 25 , 2017 .
jocara suiferens dyar , 1913 ; proc . u . s . natn . mus . 45 ( 2006 ) : 649 ; tl : peru , pampaconas river
jocara ( epipaschiinae ) ; hampson , 1896 , trans . ent . soc . lond . 1896 ( 4 ) : 460 ; [ globiz ] ; [ nacl ] , 79
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deuterollyta conspicualis lederer , 1863 ; wien . ent . monats . 7 ( 10 ) : 359 , ( 12 ) pl . 7 , f . 16 - 17 ; tl : brazil
deuterollyta francesca jones , 1912 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 1912 ( 2 ) : 442 ; tl : castro , paraná , brazil
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walker , 1863 list of the specimens of lepidopterous insects in the collection of the british museum list spec . lepid . insects colln br . mus . 27 : 1 - 286 ( 1863 ) , 28 : 287 - 562 ( 1863 ) , 29 : 563 - 835 ( 1864 ) , 30 : 837 - 1096 ( 1864 )
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archinemapogon yildizae is a moth of the tineidae family .

it was described by koçak in 1981 .

it is found in most of europe , except ireland , the benelux , the iberian peninsula and most of the balkan peninsula .

the habitat consists of birch woodlands .

the wingspan is 14 – 21 mm .

adults are on wing from may to july .

the larvae feed on bracket fungi ( fomes or piptorus species ) growing on betula .

archinemapogon yildizae

a rare species , with a british distribution only in the central scottish highlands , although occurring elsewhere in europe and further east .
the larvae feed on bracket fungus , either fomes or piptorus which grows on birch ( betula ) .
adults , though at large from may to july are generally only encountered as a result of rearing from larvae .
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notes : endangered ( proposed as a future red data book species ) in birch woodland in the scottish highlands . unlikely to be recorded in hampshire or on the isle of wight . wingspan 14 - 21 mm . larva feeds on bracket fungi growing on birch .
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