littorinoidea are a superfamily of both sea snails and land snails which have a gill and an operculum , terrestrial and marine gastropod mollusks in the clade littorinimorpha .

the terrestrial family within this group , the pomatiidae , are sometimes called " land winkles " because the group originated in the sea and the closely related family littorinidae are known as " winkles " .

littorinoidea

kento furui added the japanese common name
タマキビ上科
to
littorinoidea
.
no one has contributed data records for littorinoidea yet . learn how to contribute .
review of the hispaniolan parachondria ( chondropomorus ) complex ( gastropoda : littorinoidea : annulariidae ) .
review of the hispaniolan parachondria ( chondropomorus ) complex ( gastropoda : littorinoidea : annulariidae ) . - pubmed - ncbi
ty - jour ti - a preliminary review of the annulariidae ( gastropoda : littorinoidea ) of the lesser antilles t2 - the nautilus . vl - 128 is - 3 ur - urltoken pb - american malacologists , inc . , etc . cy - melbourne , fla . , etc . , py - 2014 sp - 65 ep - 90 sn - 0028 - 1344 au - watters , g thomas er -
the littorinoidea are operculate , gilled snails , both marine and terrestrial . there are five extant families , but only one contains terrestrial species , pomatiidae , with two subfamilies , annulariinae and pomatiinae . some authors consider the annulariinae to be a separate family ( annulariidae ) . the genera with terrestrial species are listed below , by family . distributions were taken from compendium of landshells by r . tucker abbott , the discover life web site , and the malacos . chez web site .
@ article { bhlpart220910 , title = { a preliminary review of the annulariidae ( gastropoda : littorinoidea ) of the lesser antilles } , journal = { the nautilus . } , volume = { 128 } , copyright = { in copyright . digitized with the permission of the rights holder } , url = urltoken publisher = { melbourne , fla . , etc . , american malacologists , inc . , etc . } , author = { watters , g thomas } , year = { 2014 } , pages = { 65 - - 90 } , }
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bouchet p . & rocroi j . - p . ( 2005 ) . classification and nomenclator of gastropod families . malacologia . 47 ( 1 - 2 ) : 1 - 397 isbn 3 - 925919 - 72 - 4 . [ details ]
kento furui added the japanese common name
オカタマキビ科
to
pomatiidae newton , 1891
.
maggie whitson set
file : pomatiasidae - pomatias elegans - 001 . jpg
as an exemplar on
pomatias
.
maggie whitson added the english common name
a genus of round mouthed snails
to
pomatias
.
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department of evolution , ecology , and organismal biology , the ohio state university , 1315 kinnear road , columbus , ohio 43212 usa . ; email : watters . 1 @ osu . edu .
the parachondria ( chondropomorus ) complex in hispaniola is reviewed . nineteen species are recognized including eight new species : parachondria anatolensis n . sp . , parachondria arcisensis n . sp . , parachondria daedalus n . sp . , parachondria heatheraikenae n . sp . , parachondria isabellinus n . sp . , parachondria muchai n . sp . , parachondria silvaticus n . sp . , and parachondria stigmosus n . sp . distributional and habitat notes are given for additional taxa . chondropoma marinum
weinland
reeve , 1863 , is regarded as a nomen dubium . chondropoma ( chondropomorus ) moroni bartsch , 1946 , is reidentified as crossepoma emilianum ( weinland , 1862 ) . chondropoma simplex pfeiffer , 1852 , regarded by bartsch ( 1946 ) as a chondropomorus , is considered a chondropoma .
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see also beesley 1998 , bouchet et al . 2005 , harzhauser 2004 , harzhauser 2007 , marquet 1997 , ponder and warén 1988 and todd 2001
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littoraria glabrata ( philippi , 1846 ) : deuss et al . ( 2013 ) [ statut pour mayotte ] deuss , m . , richard , g . & verneau , n . 2013 . mollusques de mayotte . naturalistes de mayotte , mamoudzou . 380 pp .
littorina kraussi rosewater , 1970 : jay et al . ( 2009 ) [ statut pour la réunion ] jay , m . , bidgrain , p . , drivas , j . , hoareau , g . & martin , j . c . 2009 . site internet ' vie océane ' : urltoken version du 23 mars 2009 , téléchargée le 15 novembre 2010 . [ urltoken ]
national inventory of natural heritage , website : https : / / inpn . mnhn . fr .
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adamsiella crenulata martinensis coomans , 1967 : coomans ( 1967 ) : 126 . [ description originale ] coomans , h . e . 1967 . the non - marine mollusca of st . martin ( lesser antilles ) . studies on the fauna of caraçao and other caribbean islands , 24 ( 94 ) : 118 - 145 .
coomans ( 1967 ) : fig . 39 - 41 . [ illustration originale ] coomans , h . e . 1967 . the non - marine mollusca of st . martin ( lesser antilles ) . studies on the fauna of caraçao and other caribbean islands , 24 ( 94 ) : 118 - 145 .
coomans ( 1967 ) [ statut pour saint - martin ] coomans , h . e . 1967 . the non - marine mollusca of st . martin ( lesser antilles ) . studies on the fauna of caraçao and other caribbean islands , 24 ( 94 ) : 118 - 145 .
diplopoma crenulatum martinensis ( coomans , 1967 ) : questel ( 2017 ) [ statut pour saint - martin ] questel , k . 2017 . les escargots terrestres de saint - barthélemy . le bulletin de l’agence territoriale de l ' environnement de saint - barthélemy , 1 : 10 - 13 .
questel ( 2017 ) [ statut pour saint - barthélemy ] questel , k . 2017 . les escargots terrestres de saint - barthélemy . le bulletin de l’agence territoriale de l ' environnement de saint - barthélemy , 1 : 10 - 13 .
inventaire national du patrimoine naturel , site web : https : / / inpn . mnhn . fr .
echinolittorina angustior ( mörch , 1876 ) : lamy & pointier ( 2018 ) [ statut pour la martinique ] lamy , d . & pointier , j . - p . 2018 . mollusques marins et dulçaquicoles des antilles françaises . plb editions . 788 pp .
lamy & pointier ( 2018 ) [ statut pour la guadeloupe ] lamy , d . & pointier , j . - p . 2018 . mollusques marins et dulçaquicoles des antilles françaises . plb editions . 788 pp .
lamy & pointier ( 2018 ) [ statut pour saint - martin ] lamy , d . & pointier , j . - p . 2018 . mollusques marins et dulçaquicoles des antilles françaises . plb editions . 788 pp .
questel & le quellec ( 2012 ) [ statut pour saint - barthélemy ] questel , k . & le quellec , f . 2012 . la faune terrestre et aquatique de saint - barthélemy ( antilles françaises ) . synthèse bibliographique et quelques données inédites . version 1 . 2 . la réserve naturelle de saint - barthélemy , alsophis et université des antilles et de la guyane . 65 pp .
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» genus cremnobates w . t . blanford , 1863 accepted as cremnoconchus w . t . blanford , 1869 ( invalid : junior homonym of cremnobates swainson , 1855 , and cremnobates gunther , 1861 ; cremnoconchus is a replacement name )
» genus lacunaria dall , 1885 accepted as lacuna w . turton , 1827 ( non conrad , 1866 )
» genus lacunitunica golikov & gulbin , 1978 accepted as lacuna w . turton , 1827
» genus bacalia h . adams & a . adams , 1854 accepted as littorina férussac , 1822
» genus littorina - capsula accepted as peasiella g . nevill , 1885 ( unavailable name : established for the egg capsules of various littorinids )
» genus tectarium p . fischer , 1885 accepted as tectarius valenciennes , 1832 ( unjustified emendation )
genus tamanella [ sic ] accepted as temanella rovereto , 1899 accepted as lacuna w . turton , 1827
( of lacunidae gray , 1857 ) bouchet p . & rocroi j . - p . ( 2005 ) . classification and nomenclator of gastropod families . malacologia . 47 ( 1 - 2 ) : 1 - 397 isbn 3 - 925919 - 72 - 4 . [ details ]
the genus gyraxis in hispaniola is reviewed , currently only known from the area of the bahía de samaná in the dominican republic . it includes three taxa : gyraxis samana ( clench , 1966 ) , g . sericata ( pilsbry , 1903 ) and g . excalibur new species . the radular morphology and isolation from cuban gyraxis suggest they may yet require a new genus
watters also , when dealing with the nomen inquirendum cylindrella gouldiana pfeiffer , 1853 , indicated this taxon has never been figured and that crosse subsequently mentioned the first precise locality for the species ( “région dominicaine : rochers du tablaso , près san cristobal ( a . sallé ) ” ) . watters expressed “it is not clear how he knew this” . this answer is simple : crosse always indicated behind his localities the collector of the material , in this case sallé . the material which crosse saw may either have been returned to sallé or have ended up in the crosse collection . both collections have been dispersed after their owner’s death , and the current depository of the material is unknown .
reference : watters , g . t . , 2018 . the genus gyraxis pilsbry , 1903 ( gastropoda : urocoptidae ) from bahía de samaná area of the dominican republic . – journal of conchology , 43 : 103 - 108 .
salles et al . just published a paper on the tropical helicarionid snail ovachlamys fulgens ( gude , 1900 ) for which they used brazilian material to redescribe the species .
the authors have done a thorough morphological and anatomical study , which will undoubtedly help to identify this species in future .
reference : salles , a . c . a . , oliveira , c . d . c . & absalão , r . s . , 2018 . redescription of the jumping snail ovachlamys fulgens ( gude , 1900 ) ( gastropoda : helicarionoidea : helicarionidae ) : an anatomical and conchological approach . – the nautilus , 132 ( 1 ) : 19 - 29 .
just published : the revised nomenclator and classification of gastropod families ( and above ) by bouchet et al . , 2017 . it is an update of the first version , now more than 10 years ago , plus an addition of monoplacophoran families .
j . morris & lycett , 1851 , under art . 70 . 3 ;
g . o . sars , 1878 , under art . 70 . 3 ;
chevreux , 1906 ( january ) [ amphipoda ] ; yuopisthonematidae nützel , nom . nov . , and
yu , 1974 , non gill , 1862 [ pisces ] . the new family - group name burnupiidae albrecht is established in this work ; and the names scolodontina and orthalicoidei are first used here to denote , respectively , a suborder containing the family scolodontidae , and an infraorder containing the superfamily orthalicoidea
this important work will serve as a guide for the correct classification of higher levels in these groups , and also as a rich source for data . the references contain several collations providing publication dates for different parts of works .
revised classification , nomenclator and typification of gastropod and monoplacophoran families . – malacologia , 61 ( 1 - 2 ) : 1 - 526 .
incidentally i found on the net a very useful document , explaining the use of biological ( i . e . zoological ) names and also of relevant articles in the iczn code .
even those who are familiar with the code can find bits of information that are enlightening . personally i was happy to see a further explanation of art . 11 . 6 which rules the names published as junior synonym ( p . 68 - 69 ) . as francisco welter - schultes wrote to me , this is especially for malacologists a hot topic and needs further action from the commission . but the 5th edition of the code is only expected in 2020 or later , so in the meantime one has to cope with the situation by trying to keep nomenclature as stabile as possible .
the document can be found at http / / www . gbif . org / orc / ? doc _ id = 2784 or at urltoken
just published : a paper on jousseaume’s tautonyms by leo van gemert and myself .
we present a short biography of félix - pierre jousseaume ( 12 april 1835 - 3 november 1921 ) and an addition to his bibliography . he published in total 138 malacological and 21 non - malacological articles or books . in the appendix additional references are listed in comparison with an earlier published preliminary bibliography . jousseaume received many comments from other malacologists , especially for his tautonyms . critical remarks from weinkauff , tryon , woodward and mellvill , and one comment from jousseaume , are cited .
in total jousseaume published 28 new species - level taxa as primary , absolute taunonyms ( new genus and new species ) and 24 secondary ones ( 22 with a new genus and 2 with a new species name ) . the virtual tautonyms ( with almost identical genus and species names ) are not discussed . however , for four taxa of jousseaume it is unclear if the taxon is a tautonym or a virtual tautonym . in our view the problems were caused by carelessness of jousseaume . these four taxa are discussed extensively and a conclusion is presented on the correct name . the results are shown in the tables with the original name ( invariably the tautonym ) , source of the original name , and the present view on the taxon with the source and ( explanatory ) remarks
reference : gemert , l . j . van & breure , a . s . h . , 2017 . the tautonyms of jousseaume : a taxonomical studt . – folia conchyliologica , 42 : 14 - 23 .
as an advance online publication , recently appeared the paper by sei et al . on the phylogenetic relationships within the sagdoidea .
this is a nice piece of research for which the authors did extensive dna research with 3 loci and divergence time analysis . this resulted in a major taxonomical revision of the group , defining the pleurodontidae and erecting the labyrinthidae and zachrysiidae .
reference : sei , m . , robinson , r . g . , geneva , a . j . & rosenberg , g . , 2017 . doubled helix : sagdoidea is the overlooked sister group of helicoidea ( mollusca : gastropoda : pulmonata ) . – biological journal of the linnean society , xx : 1 - 32 [ advance online publication , hence the correct reference will be different ] .
taxonomy of fossils and recent species sometimes intertwines as demonstrated by a new publication of kadolsky .
reference : kadolsky , d . , 2017 . on the type species of the genus galactochilus sandberger , 1875 , with a review of the identity of helix cornumilitare linnaeus , 1758 and of its misidentifications ( gastropoda : helicoidea ) . – archiv für molluskenkunde , 146 : 97 - 110 .
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amphorella melampoides is a species of air-breathing land snail , a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family ferussaciidae .

this species is endemic to madeira , portugal .

amphorella melampoides

pesi portal - amphorella ( amphorella ) melampoides ( r . t . lowe , 1831 )
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gland , switzerland , 5 july 2018 ( iucn ) – australia’s unique reptiles – including lizards and snakes – face severe threats from invasive species and climate change , with 7 % of th . . .
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mandarina luhuana is an extinct species of air-breathing land snail , a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family bradybaenidae .

this species is endemic to chichi-jima and minami-jima of the bonin islands in japan .

mandarina luhuana

mollusc specialist group 1996 . mandarina luhuana . 2006 iucn red list of threatened species . downloaded on 7 august 2007 .
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gland , switzerland , 5 july 2018 ( iucn ) – australia’s unique reptiles – including lizards and snakes – face severe threats from invasive species and climate change , with 7 % of th . . .
the value of medicinal and aromatic plant trade has increased three - fold in the past 20 years , but traditional harvesting practices are being replaced by less sustainable alternatives . . . .
a recently released iucn technical brief recommends increasing investments in sustainable land management practices , as well as better cooperation between agriculturalists and conservationists to conse . . .
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size : ca . 4 , 3 cm ( shell diameter ) extinction date : ca . 500 a . d . ( ? )
references : - tadashige habe :
fossil land snails from minami - jima , bonin islands . science reports of the tohoku university , 6 : 51–53 . 1973 - isao sarashinaa ; yoshiki kunitomoa ; minoru iijimaa ; satoshi chibab ; kazuyoshi endoa : preservation of the shell matrix protein dermatopontin in 1500 year old land snail fossils from the bonin islands . organic geochemistry , 39 , ( 2008 ) , 1742 - 1746
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sowerby g . b . ( 1839 ) molluscous animals and their shells ( by gray j . e . , continued by sowerby g . b . ) . in : beechey f . w . ed . the zoology of captain beecheyls voyage to the pacific and behring ' s straits , p . 103 - 155 , h . g . born , london , p . 143 , p . 35 , fig . 4 .
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the habitat consists of primary montane forests .

the wingspan is 16 – 18 mm .

the ground colour of the forewings is whitish , cream along the costa preserved as some spots , otherwise suffused green .

there are some black-brown dots and refractive spots and there is subterminal grey suffusion in the dorsosubterminal area .

the hindwings are cream brown with rust-brown hairs and suffusion at the base .

sabahtortrix

sabahtortrix is a genus of moths belonging to the tortricidae family . it contains only one species , sabahtortrix montana , which is found on sabah in malaysia .
abstract : ten genera and eighteen species are treated , of which six genera ( shafferograptis tuck & amp ; razowski , gen . n . , merguinia razowski , gen . n . , cordatijuxta razowski , gen . n . , sabahtortrix razowski , gen . n . , spinacleris razowski , gen . n . , curioseboda razowski , gen . n . ) and eighteen species ( shafferograptis michaeli tuck & amp ; razowski , sp . n . , merguinia merguinea razowski , sp . n . , spatalistis alleni razowski , sp . n . , spatalistis katmandana razowski , sp . n . , spatalistis phulchokia razowski , sp . n . , spatalistis viridphantasma razowski , sp . n . , reptilisocia tarica razowski , sp . n . , reptilisocia solomensis razowski , sp . n . , reptilisocia impetigo razowski , sp . n . , asterolepis dipterocarpi razowski , sp . n . , asterolepis cypta razowski , sp . n . , asterolepis engis razowski , sp . n . , cordatijuxta thailandiae razowski , sp . n . , sabahtortrix montana razowski , sp . n . , acleris kerincia razowski , sp . n . , acleris schiasma razowski , sp . n . , spinacleris inthanoni razowski , sp . n . , curioseboda probola razowski , sp . n . ) are described as new .
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by t . m . gilligan 1 , j . baixeras 2 , j . w . brown 3 , and k . r . tuck 4
urltoken is pleased to offer the complete world catalogue of the tortricidae ( t @ rts ) ! this is a complete list of all world species , utilizing the world catalogue published in 2005 as the foundation for the database . version 3 . 0 of the online catalogue contains 15 , 099 records representing 10 , 883 species . more than 1 , 600 records have been updated from ver 2 . 0 ( jul , 2012 ) , and more than 3 , 000 records have been updated from the original catalogue . the database is completely searchable and contains photos of over 1 , 200 type specimens .
t @ rts will be updated regularly both with corrections from the original world catalogue and with additions since its publication . as such , these pages will serve as the most up to date information on current tortricid nomenclature . if you find any errors in the data presented here or have any questions / comments , please use the contact form to send the authors an email .
we are indebted to all of the original authors of the world catalogue ( j . w . brown , j . baixeras , r . brown , m . horak , f . komai , e . metzler , j . razowski , and k . tuck ) for providing the basis for this project . we would also like to thank the dozens of individuals who have provided corrections or updates to the database since it was first placed online in 2007 .
gilligan , t . m . , j . baixeras , j . w . brown & k . r . tuck . 2014 . t @ rts : online world catalogue of the tortricidae ( ver . 3 . 0 ) . urltoken
1 colorado state university , bioagricultural sciences and pest management , 1177 campus delivery , fort collins , co 80523 , usa 2 institut cavanilles de biodiversitat i biologia evolutiva , universitat de valencia , apartat oficial 2085 , 46071 valencia , spain 3 systematic entomology laboratory - usda [ retired ] , smithsonian institution , p . o . box 37012 , national museum of natural history , washington , dc 20013 , usa 4 curator - microlepidoptera [ retired ] , entomology department ( dc2 - 2n ) , natural history museum , cromwell road , london sw7 5bd , uk
unless noted , all images on these pages are copyright © 2003 - 14 by todd gilligan . please do not download , copy , print , or otherwise distribute any images from these pages without the permission of the author . contact form .
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urltoken
ebscohost | 82150962 | descriptions of new tortricini from the oriental and australian regions ( lepidoptera : tortricidae ) .
descriptions of new tortricini from the oriental and australian regions ( lepidoptera : tortricidae ) .
source : shilap revista de lepidopterologia . sep2012 , vol . 40 issue 159 , p315 - 335 . 21p .
copyright of shilap revista de lepidopterologia is the property of sociedad hispano - luso - americana de lepidopterologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder ' s express written permission . however , users may print , download , or email articles for individual use . this abstract may be abridged . no warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy . users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract .
for access to this entire article and additional high quality information , please check with your college / university library , local public library , or affiliated institution .
important user information : remote access to ebsco ' s databases is permitted to patrons of subscribing institutions accessing from remote locations for personal , non - commercial use . however , remote access to ebsco ' s databases from non - subscribing institutions is not allowed if the purpose of the use is for commercial gain through cost reduction or avoidance for a non - subscribing institution .
brachiolia is a genus of moths belonging to the subfamily tortricinae of the family tortricidae .
panegyra is a genus of moths belonging to the subfamily tortricinae of the family tortricidae .
pareboda is a genus of moths belonging to the subfamily tortricinae of the family tortricidae .
apotoforma kakamegae is a species of moth of the tortricidae family that is endemic to kenya .
beryllophantis is a genus of moths belonging to the subfamily tortricinae of the family tortricidae .
elaeodina is a genus of moths belonging to the subfamily tortricinae of the family tortricidae .
herotyda is a genus of moths belonging to the subfamily tortricinae of the family tortricidae .
anameristes is a genus of moths belonging to the subfamily olethreutinae of the family tortricidae .
pseudocroesia is a genus of moths belonging to the subfamily tortricinae of the family tortricidae .
aleimma is a genus of moths belonging to the subfamily tortricinae of the family tortricidae .
apotoforma is a genus of moths belonging to the subfamily tortricinae of the family tortricidae .
archigraptis is a genus of moths belonging to the subfamily tortricinae of the family tortricidae .
sanguinograptis is a genus of moths belonging to the subfamily tortricinae of the family tortricidae .
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scratch , also known as scratch ii ( foaled 1947 ) was a french thoroughbred racehorse and sire best known for winning the prix du jockey club and the classic st leger stakes in 1950 .

scratch won the solario stakes in england as a two-year-old and emerged as one of the best of a very strong generation of french-trained colts in the following year .

he won the prix de guiche and prix greffulhe in the early part of the year and then defeated the year 's outstanding three-year-old colt tantieme in the prix du jockey club .

in the autumn of 1950 he won the st leger by defeating vieux manoir , who had beaten him in the grand prix de paris .

he won the prix jean prat as a four-year-old before being retired to stud where he had an unremarkable record as a sire of winners in europe and south america .

scratch ( horse )

i give credit to whoever made the outline of this horse and of course scratch .
a scratch in horse racing simply means that a horse that was entered to run in a race will not be running in that race .
some people near red lodge thought a horse was in distress and stuck on a pipe . turns out the horse just wanted to scratch her belly .
coloured the horse in according to what my dream horse would look like . the background i drew from scratch and was inspired by halloween costume which was a cobweb dress .
declared - in u . s . , a horse withdrawn from a stake in advance of scratch time . in europe , a horse confirmed to start in a race .
grandsire - grandfather of a horse , sire of the horse ' s dam .
“riders and handlers should be encouraged to scratch rather than pat their horses as a reward . ”
learning how to properly scratch your horse is one of the best training tools you can have . a horse is a body oriented animal , so speaking to it through body language is the best way to communicate .
i think i would have a revolt on my hands if i didn ' t give my horses a good scratch every day .
del mar stewards said on thursday that the scratch of smogcutter would be referred to the racing board’s investigators for a possible complaint .
quarter horse - breed of horse especially fast for a quarter of a mile , from which its name is derived .
break ( a horse ) - to accustom a young horse to racing equipment and methods , and to carry a rider .
british researchers presented findings at the recent international equitation science conference in denmark that a scratch on the wither was more effective as a reward than a pat .
sometimes a scratch isn’t the decision of the connections of a horse . before each race a horse is inspected - typically by a race official called a steward and a veterinarian . if there is any reason that they believe that the horse will not be able to run his best , that he will potentially create a dangerous situation in a race , or that he is not likely to fairly represent the bettors who back him then they have the ability to scratch any horse . they can do so any time from the day before a race to minutes before the race starts .
there are all sorts of reasons that a horse can be scratched from a race . first off is because of a decision by an owner or a trainer . sometimes a trainer will enter a horse in two or more different races at the same time , and then wait until closer to the day of the race to decide which one sets up better for the horse . other times , a trainer will scratch a horse if the conditions of the racing surface aren’t going to be ideal - like if rain has made a turf course too soft for a horse to run his best , for example . a trainer could also scratch a horse if they aren’t happy how the horse has trained leading up to the race , or if they have concerns about his health and readiness .
rewarding a horse by giving him a good scratch is the best training tool you can use . scratching is how horses communicate happiness and contentment in the wild , and by using this natural body language , you will communicate directly with your horse in a better way than voice or training equipment alone .
i am also a firm believer in scratching . my horses love it and it is great for bonding . my horse will stop eating to get a neck scratch . he absolutely loves it when i dig my nails in along his crest .
eased - chart caller ' s assessment of a horse that is being deliberately slowed by the jockey to prevent injury or harm to the horse .
muzzle - nose and lips of a horse . also a guard placed over a horse ' s mouth to prevent him from biting or eating .
it’s rare to find an acreage property of this size so close to everything and it’s a fantastic opportunity to develop a truly unique retirement village from scratch , ” mr bentley said .
lead pony - horse or pony who heads parade of field from paddock to starting gate . also a horse or pony who accompanies a starter to post .
leg up - to help a jockey mount his horse . also a jockey having a mount . also to strengthen a horse ' s legs through exercise .
schooling - accustoming a horse to starting from the gate and to teach him racing practices . in steeplechasing , more particularly to teach a horse to jump .
this studio is dedicated to creating and sharing fun , horse - themed games .
all win / place / show bets involving a scratched horse will be refunded .
breeze - working a horse at a moderate speed ; less effort than handily .
hand ride - urging a horse with the hands and not using the whip .
post position - position of stall in starting gate from which a horse starts .
silks - jacket and cap worn by riders which designate owner of the horse .
spit box - receptacle for urine and blood taken from a horse for testing .
stall walker - horse that moves about his stall and frets rather than rests .
the best place to scratch your horse is where the withers meet the neck . naturally , this is an area a horse cannot reach itself , so it is an area that is like the middle of the human back . anything that can access it and give it a good scratching is welcome and will be sought after . so using this area as a training tool by giving the horse a reward scratching is just good sense .
no websites or painting apps or whatever aloud it has to be all done on scratch . ( sorry but it just isn ' t fair to those who can ' t do it . )
scratch ( fr ) ch . h , 1947 { 14 - f } dp = 20 - 8 - 8 - 14 - 2 ( 52 ) di = 1 . 60 cd = 0 . 58
the trio concluded : “we found that patting was less effective than wither scratching , with the latter resulting in responses similar to those found in positive horse - horse interaction .
bit - bar in horse ' s mouth by which he is guided and controlled .
bottom - stamina in a horse . also , sub - surface of racing strip .
exercise rider - male or female rider who is aboard a horse in the mornings .
near side - left side of a horse , side on which he is mounted .
short - a horse in need of more work or racing to reach winning form .
timber topper - jumper or steeplechase horse . more properly horses jumping over timber fences .
graduate - winning first time , horse or rider . also , graduate of the claiming ranks - a horse , that has moved up to allowance , stakes or handicap racing .
each portion of an exacta / trifecta / superfecta involving a scratched horse will be refunded .
black type - designation for a stakes winner or stakes - placed horse in sales catalogues .
cuppy ( track ) - a surface which breaks away under a horse ' s hoof .
dropdown - a horse meeting a lower class of rival than he had been running against .
equipment - whip , blinkers , etc . gear carried by a horse in a race .
nose - smallest advantage a horse can win by . in england called a short head .
overweight - surplus weight carried by a horse when the rider cannot make the required weight .
show bet - wager on a horse to finish in the money ; third or better .
strip - markings of a horse . white hairs running part - way down the face .
he was the last horse to be named a champion at 2 , 3 and 4 .
it took me about 3 years to learn to canter my horse correctly ! just because someone owns a horse , it doesn ' t mean that they are a perfect rider . don ' t make the assumption that all horse owners are fantastic riders , they really are not .
bleeder - horse who bleeds during or after a workout or race due to ruptured blood vessel .
calk - projection bottom of shoe to give horse greater traction , especially on a wet track .
head - a margin between horses . one horse leading another by the length of his head .
lug ( in or out ) - action of a tiring horse , bearing in or out .
shank - rope or strap attached to a halter or bridle by which a horse is led .
star - small patch of white hair on a horse ' s forehead . also a credit a horse receives from being forced out of an overcrowded race , giving him priority in future races .
stickers - calks on shoes which give a horse better traction in mud or on soft tracks .
taken up - a horse pulled up sharply by his rider because of being in close quarters .
spectacular bid was the last horse to be named a champion at 2 , 3 and 4 .
frank zanzuccki , executive director of the new jersey racing commission , advised the meadowlands via email that the “commission does not have the legal authority to scratch a horse ( s ) already entered based on conditions imposed solely on one trainer by a racetrack operator . therefore , your request to have these horses scratched must be denied . ”
update : according to a report at urltoken , the new jersey racing commission notified the meadowlands late tuesday afternoon that the track “does not have the legal authority” to scratch the two horses trained by chris oakes from the breeders ' crown .
hey everyone ! i was bored , so i decided to try doing a galloping horse run cycle .
brace ( or bracer ) - rubdown liniment used on a horse after a race or a workout .
center of distribution - the balance point of speed and stamina influences in a horse ' s pedigree .
conformation - a horse ' s build and general physical structure ; the way he is put together .
maiden - a horse who has not won a race . also applied to non - winning rider .
morning glory - horse who performs well in morning workouts but fails to reproduce that form in races .
pinhooker ; pinhook - to buy a horse at auction fo r the purpose of reselling him later .
stripe - a white marking running down a horse ' s face to bridge of nose or below .
he was ranked 10th in a blood - horse poll of the top horses of the 20th century .
another spot is along the backbone , but be cautious . the backbone can be sensitive , so scratch more gently and watch your horses reaction . if he stretches out and wiggles his upper lip , he is enjoying it and you should continue .
all art by me ! ( except for the running horse in the background from google images which i edited ) i credit urltoken for the horse neigh ( when about to run ) , and the user
audio productions
on youtube for the horse gallop sound effect . all other sound effects by me .
in order to be able to post messages on the the horse forum forums , you must first register .
bred - a horse is bred at the place of his birth . also , the mating of horses .
false favorite - horse who is bet down to favoritism when others would appear to outclass him on form .
flatten out - when a horse drops his head almost on straight line with body . may indicate exhaustion .
ridden out - refers to a horse that wins under a vigorous hand ride but is not being whipped .
steadied - a horse being taken in hand by his rider , usually because of being in close quarters .
of course , the connections of uncle mo dismiss any claims the horse doesn ' t have the distance .
im pretty sure that any horse owner who happily offers you the chance to ride really isnt going to be judgemental about your confidence at canter . . heck it takes years as a part time rider to get the hang of it and even then you can be back to scratch with a change of horse . as long as you are safe on board , not aggressive or hard on the mouth , i would think most owners are happy to see someone having the pleasure of a ride .
please choose a username you will be satisfied with using for the duration of your membership at the horse forum .
“anecdotal evidence and opinion suggest that patting is meaningless or even aversive to the horse , ” they told delegates .
“wither scratching could potentially increase horse / human bonding and act as a more effective reward , ” they said .
the horse , colors background etc . are all by me . so if you use anything please credit me !
closer - a horse who runs best in the latter part of the race , coming from off the pace .
gallop - a type of gait , a fast canter . also , to ride a horse at that gait .
icing - standing a horse in a bucket of ice or applying ice packs to the legs to encourage circulation .
mare - female horse 5 years old or older . also , female of any age who has been bred .
overlay - a horse going off at a higher price than he appears to warrant based on his past performances .
prep ( or prep race ) - a workout or a race to prepare a horse for a future engagement .
refuse - when a horse will not break from the gate . in jumping races , balking at the jump .
i haven ' t found a place yet that both horses don ' t like to be scratched . t ' s eyes close and walka moves towards me if i stop as if to say
hey don ' t stop
. i think scratching and rubbing are ways to help build a relationship with a horse and show affection . wish someone would scratch and rub me ! ! ! !
bald ( or bald face ) - white face of horse , including eyes , nostrils or part of the latter .
checked - a horse pulled up by his jockey for an instant because he is cut off or in tight quarters .
colors - racing silks - jacket and cap - worn by riders to denote the owner ( s ) of horse .
fees - amount paid to rider or the cost of nominating , entering or starting a horse in a stakes race .
horse - broadly , in any thoroughbred regardless of sex . specifically , an entire male 5 years old or older .
neck - unit of measurement , about the length of a horse ' s neck ; a quarter of a length .
run - out bit - a special type of bit to prevent a horse from bearing out ( or in ) .
subscription - fee paid by owner to nominate horse for a stakes race or to maintain eligibility for a stakes race .
avila said masochistic was plagued by knee and tibia injuries as a young horse , which postponed the start of his career . thursday , avila said that masochistic was given the sedative because the horse has a tendency to try to bite stable staff .
after all , you don ' t have to canter your friend ' s horse if you don ' t want to .
bandage - strips of cloth wound around the lower part of a horse ' s legs for support or protection against injury .
cooling out - restoring a horse , usually by walking , to normal temperature after becoming overheated in a race or workout .
cribber ( a wind sucker ) - a horse who clings to objects with his teeth and sucks air into his stomach .
dosage diagram - a diagram showing the number and placement of chefs - de - race in a horse ' s pedigree .
dosage index - mathematical reduction of the dosage diagram to a number reflecting a horse ' s potential for speed or stamina .
gait - the ways in which a horse can move - walk , trot , canter , gallop , run , etc .
length - length of a horse from nose to tail , about 8 feet . also distance between horses in a race .
if you have multiple selections in your pick 3 or pick 4 , each combination will be scored according to the ' top pick scratch rules ' . the host track / authority governs the settlement rules for scratched horses in pick wagers , operating in accordance with one of two different settlement rules :
3 . if the host track doesn’t offer a consolation payout , you will be refunded if a horse is scratched in one leg of your ticket , or if the first leg of your ticket wins and a horse is scratched in the second leg .
across the board - a bet on a horse to win , place and show . if the horse wins , the player collects three ways ; if second , two ways ; and if third , one way , losing the win and place bets .
a duck , a goose , a goat , and a horse all entered the barn at different times one day last week .
climbing - a fault in a horse ' s stride in which , instead of reaching out , his action is abnormally high .
front - runner - a horse who usually leads ( or tries to lead ) the field for as far as he can .
saddle cloth - cloth under the saddle on which number ( and sometimes horse ' s name ) denoting post position is displayed .
whip - instrument , usually of leather , with which rider strikes horse to increase his speed . also called bat and gad .
nz connemara soc . nz farriers assn . aust / nz friesian soc . nz hanoverian soc . irish draught horse soc . advertising options
reference point was voted 1987 british horse of the year by the racecourse association , attracting twelve of the twenty votes . [ 16 ]
state - bred - a horse bred in a particular state and thus eligible to compete in special races restricted to state - breds .
oh no ! we ' re having trouble displaying this scratch project . if you are on a mobile phone or tablet , try visiting this project on a computer . if you ' re on a computer , your flash player might be disabled , missing , or out of date . visit this page to update flash .
scratching down on the chest , between the front legs , is another great spot . again , be cautious , as in the wild , a horse will nip at another horse in the chest when he wants to play , so make sure your horse knows you are going to touch him there for scratching purposes . watch his reaction and make sure you are ready to move if he nips at you .
i don ' t
smack
, but i do pet , kinda like petting a dog . more of a pat , with me saying
thank you
. when my kids get off the horses , they go to the head , fuss them & say
thank you
. i try to scratch at the withers , but my mustang usually backs away . if i get him along the mane behind the ear , he ' s like putty in my hands . if i actually scratch in the ear . . . . . that ' s all she wrote ! he ' d stand there for hours if i had the strength ! lol
when riding , you can use the arrow keys to move the horse around . ( i drew all the sprites and background myself ) tell me if there are any glitches and if i should add anything new ! ( i havent finished the costumes for the riding horse yet )
also - eligible - a horse officially entered , but not permitted to start unless the field is reduced by scratches below a specified number .
blinkers - device to limit a horse ' s vision to prevent him from swerving from objects or other horses on either side of him .
blowout - a short , final workout , usually a day or two before a race , designed to sharpen a horse ' s speed .
breather - restraining or easing off on a horse for a short distance in a race to permit him to conserve or renew his strength .
it was really exciting to see him ,
baffert said .
he ' s still the sweet , kind horse he is .
three riders interacted with their horses during the test and 15 patted their horse on test completion , with 12 continuing patting for over a minute .
what happened to . . . trempolino ? | sporting life - horse racing news | live racing results , racecards , live betting shows
past performances - a compilation in daily racing form of a horse ' s record , including all pertinent data , as a basis for handicapping .
rundown - of a horse , to suffer abrasions on the heels as a result of contact with the dirt and sand of the track surface .
shadow roll - usually a lamb ' s wool roll half way up the horse ' s face to keep him from seeing his own shadow .
tongue strap - strap or tape bandage used to tie down a horse ' s tongue to prevent it from choking in a race or workout .
you can remix if you want , pls just say who originally made it and get rid of the logo ( horse gif at the start ) .
if you have bet on a horse that has been scratched then , in most cases , your ticket will be void and your money will be returned . there is an exception , though . in multi - race bets - like a pick four or pick six , for example - they will not cancel your entire ticket because one horse is scratched . instead , they will turn your bet on the scratched horse into a bet on the favorite .
the horse ' s mental maturity . they ' re all different . again , if breaking means riding to you then add in physical maturity too .
try to enjoy riding your friend ' s horse , you can just take it easy and have a plod around . i don ' t know if it ' s an option to have lessons on this horse if you get on ? either way i hope it goes well for you , keep us posted !
lead ( or lead pad ) - weights carried to make up the difference when a rider weighs less than the poundage a horse is assigned to carry .
on the very face of it , the introduction of a synoptic end - point - assessment may look like a retrograde step , a shift away from the idea that modular assessment , particularly via coursework , offers a fairer evaluation of performance over time . however , it takes only a light scratch of the surface to reveal that the situation is far less reactionary than it appears .
1 . if the first leg of your ticket loses , the entire ticket is considered a loss , even if a horse is scratched in the second leg .
not having a perfect canter wouldn ' t prevent me from letting you ride my horse . i own him and i don ' t have a perfect canter .
1 . if one of the coupled horses gets scratched and the rest of the entry runs , your wager will have action on the running horse ( s ) .
members are allowed only one account per person at the horse forum , so if you ' ve made an account here in the past you ' ll need to continue using that account . please do not create a new account or you may lose access to the horse forum . if you need help recovering your existing account , please
daniel deusser and cornet d’amour . a pat may not be all it’s cracked up to be in the eyes of a horse . © paul harding / lewis harding photography
riders patted more on the right side of the horse ( 59 percent ) than the left ( 22 percent ) , or both sides simultaneously ( 19 percent ) .
faltered - used for a horse that was in contention early and drops back in the late stages . it is more drastic than weakened but less drastic than stopped .
an iconic central coast horse stud farm is set to become a beachside green haven for retirees after fetching a regional record - making sale price of $ 12 million .
when a horse is scratched , it means that it has been taken out of the race before the start of the race . a horse may be scratched in the days leading up to a race or the day of , right up until post time . our system marks scratches in the race pane so that you can ' t wager on them . however , if you wager on a horse prior to it being scratched from the race , we follow the official payout results posted by the host track .
give the horse food and water by feeding ( apple ) and watering ( puddle ) him . try to keep his ' thirst ' and ' hunger ' meter at 0 ( if your horse ' s thirst or hunger meter says - 1 , he ' s eaten more then he needs ! ) ! thirst goes up faster then hunger .
spit the bit - when a horse quits running against the bit , usually because of fatigue ; often said disdainfully :
luck lady really spit out the bit
.
just be careful , about ur health . to clarify , your horse will die , if you don ' t feed it heaps and heaps and heaps . ( just saying )
2 . you will receive a consolation payout , provided the host track offers one , if a horse is scratched in one leg of your ticket and the other leg wins .
field horse ( or mutuel field ) - two or more starters running as a single betting unit , when there are more entrants than positions on the totalisator board can accommodate .
prop - refusing to break with field from gate . standing flat - footed . also , when a horse suddenly stops running a full speed by extending his forefeet as
brakes .
rundown bandages ( or wraps ) - bandages on the hind legs , usually with a pad inside , to keep a horse from
burning
or scraping his heels when he races .
allowances - weight permitted to be reduced because of the conditions of the race or because an apprentice is on a horse . also , a weight females are entitled to when racing against males .
bar shoe - a horse shoe with a rear bar to protect an injured foot ; bar shoes may be worn with aluminum pads to protect a bruised frog , or my be worn alone .
twitch - a device usually consisting of a stick with a loop of rope at one end , which is placed around a horse ' s nose and upper lip and twisted to curb fractiousness .
he was losing weight and had little appetite , bad signs for a horse .
when you talk about surviving versus racing , i was worried about surviving ,
repole said last week .
hello fellow turtles , humans , and horses ! i re - did ominouscat ' s horse animation and added color and a background to it ! i might have overdone the clouds tho . . .
before i bought my own horse i shared various horses for about 10 years . the most successful shares were the ones where i go on well with the owner and communicated well with them . if you are honest and straightforward , you will hopefully find a successful share pretty easily . but also be warned that some horsey people are pretty nutty and not everyone will be 100 % honest . always see the owner ride the horse before you do , and trust your gut instinct . if you don ' t feel comfortable riding the horse then there is no shame in getting off and walking away . privately owned horses vary hugely in their training and experience , and for a rider wanting to gain confidence and experience you need to ensure the horse you share is well trained and well mannered .
uncle mo , with jockey john r . velazquez , captures the kelso horse race at belmont park in new york on oct . 1 , 2011 . ( new york racing association / associated press )
that would be spectacular bid ' s last defeat , as he won the 1979 meadowlands cup and then all nine of his starts at four . the end came on sept . 20 , 1980 , in the woodward , when the scratch of marlboro cup winner winter ' s tale prompted the connections of temperence hill and dr . patches to also pull out of the race , giving spectacular bid a walkover in the final race of a career that was quite fittingly , spectacular .
the horse with a misspelled name finally did what racing fans were waiting 37 years for , won the triple crown . now american pharoah can settle down to a life of leisure on the kentucky bluegrass .
reference point was given a timeform rating of 139 , the eleventh highest awarded to any horse up to that time , and higher than those of nijinsky , alleged and troy . [ 16 ] in their book a century of champions , john randall and tony morris rated reference point the thirty - sixth best british horse of the 20th century and the second best derby winner of the 1980s behind shergar . [ 5 ]
bobble - a bad step away from the starting gate , usually caused by the track breaking away from under a horse ' s hoof and causing him to duck his head or nearly go to his knees .
odds - on - odds of less than even money . in england it is simply called
on ,
thus a horse
5 - 4 on
is actually at odds of 4 - 5 .
what age is the horse when you start the breaking in process ? summer of 3rd year - what informs your decision to start the breaking process ? she was strong enough to take a saddle - how long would you normally expect it to take roughly ? - from the very beginning to being ridden out alone . very difficult here , my girl was a homebred so had 3 years of correct handling / prep so putting on saddle and backing took 3 days unknown horse you have to play it as you go along - what is the first step you take ? my homebred could already lunge / long line . so introduce saddle on lunge , then hop on - what are the stages of breaking a horse in you would usually use ? teach the horse respect and able to move the horse around and control - have you experienced any behavioural problems when breaking in ? if so what and why do you think they happened ? yes , but these were
failed
attempts so where more of a re - backing or attempt 2 , 3 , 4 . . . . . . . incorrect prep and not ensuring the horse had accepted the stages as you go . - would you ever start the process , turn the horse away and start again at a later date for any reason ? if so what reason ? yes i back in the summer prior to starting ridden work - gives them time to grow and mature further , before coming in at 4 ready to start work
go for it & be yourself . watch how the owner handles & rides the horse , that should give you a fair idea of what to do , and don ' t be afraid to ask the owner how her & her horse prefer things done - the majority of owners like their horses how they are & don ' t want someone trying to change things . relax & enjoy , what have you got to lose ?
repole isn ' t shy about which uncle mo horse he will be cheering for on saturday — the one he owns . outwork is out of a mare , nonna mia , that repole named after his grandmother .
hancock and her colleagues , as part of their study , also looked at the use of patting in a ridden situation , assessed footage of 16 horse - rider pairs at the 2012 london olympics games competing in dressage .
condition race - an event with conditions limiting it to a certain class of horse . such as : fillies , 3 - year - olds , non - winners of two races other than maiden or claiming , etc .
we do not change members ' usernames upon request because that would make it difficult for everyone to keep track of who is who on the forum . for that reason , please do not incorporate your horse ' s name into your username so that you are not stuck with a username related to a horse you may no longer have some day , or use any other username you may no longer identify with or care for in the future .
so , i just kinda need some confirmation . i know how to look after a horse - grooming etc , as well as mucking out if need be , and the owner agreed to teach me how to tack up and check if i got it right if i needed . would you let me look after / ride your horse ? i really want to know what to expect as a response , since i hate going into things blind .
- what age is the horse when you start the breaking in process ? end of 3yo year or beginning of 4yo - what informs your decision to start the breaking process ? generally when i buy them i don ' t have my own land and can ' t afford to keep anything younger - how long would you normally expect it to take roughly ? - from the very beginning to being ridden out alone . depends on the horse , but i tend to hack them alone from the start . so 3 - 5 weeks depending on horse - what is the first step you take ? once they are happy being handled then saddle cloth and then roller , firstly in the stable then walking - what are the stages of breaking a horse in you would usually use ? really simplified otherwise would be really long saddle cloth , roller then bit led in above and short lunge in trot swap roller for saddle and repeat , then add dangling stirrups and repeat long rein including out and about all through the above jump about and bang / jiggle the saddle on occasion and stand on something high next to them lay over and lead in walk swing leg over and get on lead in walk lunge in trot off lunge make sure i can turn / stop then hack for at least a month - have you experienced any behavioural problems when breaking in ? if so what and why do you think they happened ? only when i have had horses others have tried to break first , never if i have done from scratch - would you ever start the process , turn the horse away and start again at a later date for any reason ? if so what reason ? not a fan of turning away myself , but they don ' t work that hard . 3 - 4 days a week of gentle hacking . obviously it depends on the horse , but this is the basic plan i use . how long each stage takes will depend on the horse though . don ' t like schooling breakers so do tend to hack earlier than some . i am lucky we have good , safe hacking and so many horses about drivers tend to be pretty good .
it matters a lot
if outwork wins , repole said .
i ' ve got to root for my own horse . losing to a son of uncle mo is not going to make me feel any better .
what age is the horse when you start the breaking in process ? three or four . - what informs your decision to start the breaking process ? how well grown is the horse , mentally and physically , and what plans do i have for it going forward . - how long would you normally expect it to take roughly ? - from the very beginning to being ridden out alone . as long as it takes - but normally 6 - 8 weeks . - what is the first step you take ? teach the horse to lunge . - what are the stages of breaking a horse in you would usually use ? lunge , saddle , rider . bit / bridle normally much later , if at all . - have you experienced any behavioural problems when breaking in ? if so what and why do you think they happened ? no , but then i have only done 9 or 10 . - would you ever start the process , turn the horse away and start again at a later date for any reason ? if so what reason ? i have done with endurance horses - start as a four year old , then turn out for say 3 months and then start legging up for their first season at five . however the three year old that has just been started is not an endurance horse , so she will just keep pottering along three or four days a week . read more at urltoken
i have been riding professionally at the highest levels for 43 years and i would be one of the 15 riders patting . the rider that was stroking probably did not finish well and was telling their horse “i love you anyway ! ”
rabbit - a horse that is considered to have little chance of winning a race but is entered purely to ensure a fat pace and tire out the other front - runners , softening up the competition for the benefit of an entrymate .
funny , many of the places she said to scratch , a mare would be upset if you scratched them there . i notice she says
he
so maybe its a gelding / stallion itchy spots article . my mare hates getting scratched at the wither / neck area . she also hates the chest area being scratched . every mare i own wants to have their butts scratched . its so embarrassing to be out with them in the pasture . every one of them will walk up and after the initial greeting , turn their butts to me for a good scratching .
the horse the connections of smogcutter scratched to avoid running against , masochistic , won thursday ' s first race by 2 1 / 2 lengths over passing game , with minimal urging from jockey victor espinoza . he paid $ 2 . 80 .
the colt had won his first four races , before a disappointing third in the wood memorial . something was going on with the horse but no one quite knew what . still , he was installed as the favorite for the kentucky derby .
, one of the classic horse races . the race was established by colonel barry saint leger in 1776 and was named for him in 1778 . an event for three - year - old colts and fillies , it is run annually in september at
cast - a horse is a cast when he lies down in the stall in such a way that he is too close to the wall , and there is a danger that he may not be able to get up by himself without injury .
grab a quarter - to strike the side of a front foot with a hind foot . this is racetrack jargon that would be expressed more clearly by saying that the horse overstepped or overreached and cut himself ; reserve grabbed a quarater for direct quotes .
owners david frankham and brian carmody withdrew smogcutter from thursday’s first race at del mar to protest the presence of a rival horse that tested positive for a sedative in march , but whose trainer , a . c . avila , has yet to be sanctioned .
bay - color of horse varying from yellowish tan ( light bay ) to brown or dark , rich shade of mahogany ( sometimes listed as dark bay or brown ) with black points - black mane , tail and shadings of black low on the legs .
the decision to scratch and retire i’ll have another with swelling in his left front leg on the day before the belmont stakes cost him a shot to become the 12th triple crown winner , but owner j . paul reddam still stands to make millions in stud fees . while the three - year - old colt would likely have commanded an even greater fee had he raced and won saturday , most bloodstock agents and other experts expect him to garner $ 5 million to $ 10 million as a sire . here’s a look at the post - belmont careers – both on and off the track – of the 11 triple crown winners .
minus pool - a mutuel pool caused when one horse is so heavily played that , after deductions of state tax and commission , there is not enough money left to pay the legally prescribed minimum on each winning bet . the racing association usually makes up the difference .
super red , as fans knew him , ran his final race at the canadian championship in toronto in october 1973 . he went to stud under the terms of a then - record $ 6 . 08 million syndication deal , which helped pay off the estate taxes of his owner’s father . ( syndication deals spread the inherent gamble associated with high - stakes breeding across multiple buyers , who purchase shares in the horse . each share grants the owner the right to breed a mare of his or her choosing with the syndicated horse once a year for as long as the horse lives . ) secretariat retired as the sixth - leading money winner of all - time , but had mixed success as a stallion . he was put down on oct . 5 , 1989 , after suffering from laminitis , an incurable hoof condition .
a horse can be scratched leading up to the race if there is an accident of some sort . horses can be scratched because they flip when they are getting saddled , because they throw their rider on the way to the gate , or they are unruly in the gate .
in a phone interview on wednesday evening , frankham said that he and carmody were protesting a lack of action beyond the redistribution of the purse by the california horse racing board regarding masochistic’s positive for the tranquilizer acepromazine , found in a post - race test conducted on march 15 .
the following tracks apply to the ' substitute favorite scratch rules ' : arlington park , australia a , australia b , australia c , australia d , balmoral park , belterra park , beulah park , calder race course , canterbury park , delta downs , dubai meydan , emerald downs , fairmount park , fort erie , gulfstream park , hastings park , hoosier park , indiana downs , laurel park , lone star park , maywood park , meadows , northfield park , oaklawn park , parx racing , penn national , pimlico , plainridge , portland meadows , prairie meadows , remington park , retama park , ruidoso downs , sam houston race park , suffolk downs , sunland park , thistledown , and woodbine .
the star of uncle mo ' s first crop is nyquist , the undefeated 3 - year - old and presumptive favorite for saturday ' s race , followed by outwork , who won the wood memorial at aqueduct . the third horse is mo tom , who has won three of seven races .
mike watchmaker , national handicapper for the daily racing form , has nyquist ranked first but has continually mentioned the horse ' s distance capability . his comment in the latest derbywatch was :
imposing record , has now won at 9 furlongs , if not quickly . ten furlongs remains the question .
in her study , hancock and her fellow researchers observed 16 horse / rider combinations in the grand prix special dressage test of the 2012 olympic games in london . overall , pats dominated any other type of non - aid contact : riders issued 350 pats throughout the grand prix competition and only three strokes .
triple crown , in british horse racing , championship attributed to a colt or filly that in a single season wins the races known as the two thousand guineas , the derby , and the saint leger . in britain the term triple crown is also applied—though far less commonly—to a filly that in a single season…
gainsborough , ( foaled 1915 ) , english racehorse ( thoroughbred ) who won the british triple crown , consisting of the two thousand guineas at newmarket , the derby at epsom downs , and the saint leger at doncaster in 1918 . the horse later became a stud of worldwide importance , being the sire of the…
the following tracks apply to the ' void scratch rules ' : albuquerque , aqueduct racetrack , arapahoe park , belmont park , california expo , charles town , churchill downs , del mar , delaware park , dover downs , ellis park , evangeline downs , evangeline quarter , fair grounds , finger lakes , fonner park , freehold raceway , golden gate fields , harrington raceway , hawthorne , hazel park , keenland , kentucky downs , los alamitos , louisiana downs , meadowlands , monmouth , monticello raceway , mountaineer park , northville , pleasenton , pocono downs , presque isle downs , red mile , santa anita park , santa rosa , saratoga , solano , tampa bay downs , turf paradise , turfway park , yavapai downs , yonkers , and zia park .
lunging , first in a rope halter , then free lunge . they need to walk , trot , canter on command and be paying attention to me throughout . ground driving with and with out saddle , over poles and bending . then we work under saddle in the arena for a couple months until i ' m sure they will listen to aids and give to pressure . again , depends on the horse . also , i typically had only two days a week to work with them . if you can work them more often , and if they ' re ready maybe it ' s weeks rather than months . but i base it on the horse .
i am currently studying for my degree in equitation science and need to do some research for an assignment on a chosen area of interest . i want to find out people ' s different approaches and experiences when dealing with youngsters ? i would be very grateful for some feedback on these questions below . thank you very much for your time . - what age is the horse when you start the breaking in process ? - what informs your decision to start the breaking process ? - how long would you normally expect it to take roughly ? - from the very beginning to being ridden out alone . - what is the first step you take ? - what are the stages of breaking a horse in you would usually use ? - have you experienced any behavioural problems when breaking in ? if so what and why do you think they happened ? - would you ever start the process , turn the horse away and start again at a later date for any reason ? if so what reason ?