amastra albolabris was a species of air-breathing land snails , terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family amastridae .

this species was endemic to oʻahu , and was known from the waiʻanae range .

amastra albolabris

information on amastra albolabris is currently being researched and written and will appear here shortly .
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- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - species : amastra albolabris ( w . newcomb , 1854 ) - id : 5630000207
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cowie , r . h . , n . l . evenhuis , c . c . christensen . 1995b . catalog of the native land and freshwater molluscs of the hawaiian islands . backhuys publishers : leiden , the netherlands . 248 pp .
likely extinct ( hawaii biological survey web site http : / hbs . bishopmuseum . org / endangered / ext - snails . html , updated 9 february 1997 ) .
due to latency between updates made in state , provincial or other natureserve network databases and when they appear on natureserve explorer , for state or provincial information you may wish to contact the data steward in your jurisdiction to obtain the most current data . please refer to
this species was originally described from waianoe [ waianae ] on oahu , hawaiian islands ( johnson , 1996 ) .
extinct ( hawaii biological survey web site http : / hbs . bishopmuseum . org / endangered / ext - snails . html , updated 9 february 1997 ) .
occurrences are based on some evidence of historical or current presence of single or multiple specimens , including live specimens or recently dead shells ( i . e . , soft tissue still attached without signs of external weathering or staining ) , at a given location with potentially recurring existence . weathered shells constitute a historic occurrence . evidence is derived from reliable published observation or collection data ; unpublished , though documented ( i . e . government or agency reports , web sites , etc . ) observation or collection data ; or museum specimen information .
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caum , e . l . 1974 . check list of hawaiian land and fresh water mollusca . bulletin of the bernice p . bishop museum , honolulu , 56 : 1 - 80 .
johnson , r . i . 1996 . types of land and freshwater mollusks from the hawaiian islands in the museum of comparative zoology , bulletin of the museum of comparative zoology , harvard university , 155 ( 4 ) : 159 - 214 .
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ridgely , r . s . , t . f . allnutt , t . brooks , d . k . mcnicol , d . w . mehlman , b . e . young , and j . r . zook . 2003 . digital distribution maps of the birds of the western hemisphere , version 1 . 0 . natureserve , arlington , virginia , usa .
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orectoloboides is an extinct genus of wobbegong sharks ( family orectolobidae ) .

it was described by cappetta in 1977 .

a new species , o. angulatus , was described from the cenomanian period of canada by charlie j. underwood and stephen l. cumbaa in 2010 .

orectoloboides

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eugomphodus winkleri , odontaspis aff . winkleri , odontaspis cf . winkleri , odontaspis ( synodontaspis ) aff . winkleri , odontaspis ( synodontaspis ) winkleri , synodontaspis winkleri
gigantichthys pharao , ischyrhiza iwakiensis , onchosaurus cf . pharao , onchosaurus iwakiensis , onchosaurus ( onchosaurus ) pharao , titanichthys pharao
ctenacanthus clarki , ctenacanthus clarkii , ctenacanthus compressus , didymodus compressus , diplodus compressus , dittodus compressus , orthacanthus aff . compressus , orthacanthus cf . compressus , pleuracanthus ( diplodus ) compressus , xenacanthus cf . compressus , xenacanthus compressus
diacranodus texensis , didymodus texensis , orthacanthus ( lebachacanthus ) texensis , xenacanthus aff . texensis , xenacanthus texensis
carcharodon obliquus , lamna obliqua , lamna obliquus , odontaspis taurus obliqua , otodus cf . obliquus , otodus giganteus , otodus plicatilis
carcharocles auriculatus sokolowi , carcharocles cf . sokolowi , carcharocles sokolovi , carcharocles sokolowi , carcharodon angustidens sokolowi , carcharodon sokolovi , carcharodon sokolowi , otodus cf . sokolovi , otodus cf . sokolowi , otodus sokolovi sokolovi , otodus ( carcharocles ) cf . sokolowi , procarcharodon angustidens cf . sokolowi , procarcharodon cf . sokolowi , procarcharodon sokolovi , procarcharodon sokolowi
carcharocles aff . angustidens , carcharocles angustidens , carcharocles angustidens turgidus , carcharocles cf . angustidens , carcharocles megalodon angustidens , carcharocles rectus , carcharocles turgidus , carcharodon aff . angustidens , carcharodon aff . angustidens turgidus , carcharodon aff . turgidus , carcharodon angustidens , carcharodon angustidens angustidens , carcharodon angustidens turgidus , carcharodon arndti , carcharodon cf . angustidens , carcharodon cf . praemegalodon , carcharodon cf . turgidus , carcharodon lanceolatus , carcharodon longidens , carcharodon megalodon robustus , carcharodon praemegalodon , carcharodon rectus , carcharodon robustus , carcharodon simus , carcharodon turgidus , otodus angustidens , otodus angustidens angustidens , otodus angustidens turgidus , otodus arndti , otodus lanceolatus , otodus praemegalodon , otodus rectus , otodus robustus , otodus turgidus , procarcharodon angustidens , procarcharodon angustidens angustidens , procarcharodon cf . angustidens , procarcharodon praemegalodon , procarcharodon turgidus
carcharias giganteus , carcharias grosseserratus , carcharias incidens , carcharias macrodon , carcharias megalodon , carcharias mexicanus , carcharias polygurus , carcharias polygyrus , carcharias productus , carcharias ( prionodon ) incidens , carcharocles aff . megalodon , carcharocles aff . subauriculatus , carcharocles megalodon , carcharocles megalodon megalodon , carcharocles productus , carcharodon arcuatus , carcharodon branneri , carcharodon brevis , carcharodon costae , carcharodon crassidens , carcharodon crassirhadix , carcharodon crassus , carcharodon gibbesi , carcharodon gigas , carcharodon helveticus , carcharodon humilis , carcharodon intermedius , carcharodon latissimus , carcharodon leviathan , carcharodon megalodon , carcharodon megalodon indica , carcharodon megalodon megalodon , carcharodon megalodon polygyra , carcharodon megalodon productus , carcharodon megalodon siculus , carcharodon megalodon yamanarii , carcharodon morricei , carcharodon polygurus , carcharodon polygyrus , carcharodon productus , carcharodon quenstedti , carcharodon rectidens , carcharodon rectideus , carcharodon semiserratus , carcharodon subauriculatus , carcharodon tumidissimus , carcharodon turicensis , megaselachus arcuatus , megaselachus auriculatus falciformis , megaselachus branneri , megaselachus brevis , megaselachus crassidens , megaselachus crassirhadix , megaselachus crassus , megaselachus gigas , megaselachus heterodon , megaselachus humilis , megaselachus incidens , megaselachus leviathan , megaselachus megalodon , megaselachus megalodon indicus , megaselachus polygyrus , megaselachus productus , megaselachus rectidens , megaselachus semiserratus , megaselachus subauriculatus , otodus megalodon , procarcharodon aff . megalodon , procarcharodon megalodon , procarcharodon megalodon megalodon , selache manzonii
host - parasite list / parasite - host list ( version : 01 . 04 . 2015 ) 544 pp , 5 , 37 mb new !
( pdf ) new fossil species of somniosus and rhinoscymnus ( squaliformes : somniosidae ) , deep water sharks from oligocene rocks of western washington state , usa .
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new fossil species of somniosus and rhinoscymnus ( squaliformes : somniosidae ) , deep water sharks from oligocene rocks of western washington state , usa .
sullivan , r . m . and lucas , s . g . , eds . , 2016 , fossil record 5 . new mexico museum of natural history and science bulletin 74 .
keasey formation crinoid lagerstätte at mist , oregon , and the kirker sandstone at mt . diablo , california . the
sandstone near mt . diablo , california ( welton , 1979 , p . 474 ) were
years ( adnet and cappetta , 2001 ; adnet et al . , 2006 ; t
and adnet et al . ( 2006 ) suggested the chronologic range of the genus
modied from niem et al . ( 1994 ) , and burns et al . ( 2005 ) .
, adnet , et al , 2006 , p . 63 - 64 , designated
, adnet et al . , 2008 , p . 715 - 716 , notes genus invalid ;
large lower teeth ( maximum tooth height 7 . 95 mm ) ; differing from all
1927 ; moore , 1976 ; mcknight et al . , 1992 , 1994 ; niem et al . , 1994 ;
et sp . nov . , type and referred specimens were collected . nmmnh and
– biostratigraphic time scales and zonation after berggren et al . ( 1995 ) ,
, oregon . ( a ) , labial view ; ( b ) , lingual view .
upper anteroposterior ( figs . 4 - 5 , 7 ) and lower medial ( fig . 3 ) and anteroposterior teeth ( figs .
6 , 8 - 9 ) , from early oligocene kirker sandstone at mt . diablo , contra costa county , california ( lacm locality 4304 ; figs . 1 - 5 ) , and early
oligocene or latest eocene keasey formation at mist ( nmmnh locality 9105 and lacm locality 4308 ) , columbia county , oregon ( figs . 6 - 9 ) .
) views , selected to represent relative row positions along the dental series . illustrated tooth positions m1 , ap2 ,
right side of the dentition , and have been digitally reversed to mimic teeth from the left side of the jaw . m1 , lacm 1
okes , 1953 ; burns et al . , 2005 ) , earliest oligocene ( hickman ,
al . , 1985 ) , correlative with chron c12r ( 31 . 0 to 33 . 0 ma ; prothero and
stage and the whitneyan north american land - mammal “age” ( fig . 4 ) .
junction , near the town of pittsburg , columbia county oregon ( fig . 1 ) .
referred teeth from the keasey formation ( fig . 7 . 6 - 9 )
oligocene , upper refugian to lower zemorrian ( tipton et al . , 1973 ) ,
holotype and paratype teeth ( fig . 8 ) . the dental series includes medial
distal in the dental series . there is a general decrease in tooth height /
the jaw ( bigelow and schroeder , 1948 ; bass et al . , 1976 ; herman et
8 - ap2 ) . the tooth is 5 . 65 mm high and 3 . 82 mm wide ( rw = tw ) , with
robust , short triangular cusp , inclined distally at an angle of 21 degrees .
and the cusp apex does not extend distally beyond the cusp - heel notch .
trough , and the basal edge is irregular and horizontal . the root is robust ,
the adjacent distal tooth , covers 4 / 5ths of the root height . a
a point , just above a very large upper axial foramen . mesial and distal
by a thin bridge of the lingual root face . mesial labial and distal labial
anteroposterior teeth ( ap1 - ap9 ; figs . 5 . 2 - 5 , 6 . 1 - 5 , 8 ) :
ap ( 1 . 75 - 1 . 36 ) , then remain in the 1 . 3 range
but is estimated to have been wider than high ( 0 . 8 + ) . cusp inclination
is about 1 / 2 the root height . labially , the apron is axially narrow and
developed close to the crown base , or on the distal root face . the mesial
anteroposterior teeth are small ( th 3 . 7 mm and rw = 3 . 0 mm in lacm
ab . 1 ) , approximately 50 to 60 % of the lower anteroposteriors .
in height ( missing mesial and distal root lobes ) . the tooth has a robust
a narrow , short , non - bifurcated apron . enough of the root is preserved
labial groove , and root lobes are unknown . lingually , there is a small ,
anteroposterior tooth ( e . g . , root lobes , lower axial foramen , labial
doubt that these teeth , as suggested by adnet et al . ( 2006 ) , and v
crown gured by vialle et al . ( 2011 , g . 2 - 5 ) compares
the intersection of the distal heel and cusp . in labial view , the smaller
around the apical rim of a large lower axial foramen . there is a very
by kemp ( 1994 , p . 68 - 69 , pl . 1 , g .
lee on the solent , hampshire basin , england ( adnet et al . , 2006 , p .
clearly a dalatiid shark ( cappetta , 2006 ; adnet et al . , 2006 ) , however
distal labial pit and foramen . the tooth gured by kemp ( 1994 ) differs
notch formed by the intersection of the distal heel and cusp . labially , the
distal , and concave mesial cusp cutting edges , and a more lobate apron .
to establish the identity of this tooth . the very broad - based , erect ,
communication ) . according to heilmann - clausen et al . ( 1985 ) the
point ( molina et al , 2011 ; schnetler and heilmann - clausen , 2011 ) .
ranch no . 1 well , at a depth between 6206 - 6215 feet ( 1892 - 1894 m ) .
and sandstones of the pittsburg bluff formation ( niem et al . , 1994 )
formation ( mcknight et al . , 1992 ; niem et al . , 1994 ) . near the town
mid - shelf depths , and warm - temperate waters ( moore , 1976 ) .
approximately 15 miles ( 25 km ) to the northwest of the type locality ( fig .
okes , 1953 ; burns and mooi , 2003 ; burns et al . , 2005 ) . in addition to
non - calcareous , organic - rich clay ( heilmann - clausen et al . , 1985 ) .
related to periodic low oxygen bottom conditions ( burns et al . , 2005 ;
4e - h ) , from the labguva formation , upper cenomanian , of lithuania .
dental characters : lethaia , v . 34 , p . 234 - 248 .
adnet , s . , cappetta , h . and mertiniene , r . , 2008 , re - evaluation of squaloid
adnet , s . , cappetta , h . and reynders , j . , 2006 , nouveaux genres de squaliformes
, j . d . and kistnasamy , n . , 1976 , sharks of the east coast
paleontologists and mineralogists special publication , v . 54 , p . 129 - 212 .
burns , c . , campbell , k . a . and mooi , r . , 2005 , exceptional crinoid occurrences
burns , c . and mooi , r . , 2003 , an overview of eocene - oligocene echinoderm
cappetta , h . , 2006 , elasmobranchii post - triadici ( index specierumet generum ) .
palaeoecology : bulletin of the geological society of denmark , v . 62 , p .
heilmann - clausen , c . , nielsen , o . b . and gersner , f
denmark : bulletin of the geological society of denmark , v . 33 , p . 287 -
herman , j . , hovestadt - euler , m . and hovestadt , d . c . , 1989 , contributions
stehmann , m . , ed . , part a : selachii . no . 3 : order : squaliformes , families :
sciences naturelles de belgique , v . 59 , p . 101 - 157 .
a . and ivany , l . , eds . , from greenhouse to icehouse : the marine eocene–
johnson , h . d . and baldwin , c . t . , 1986 , shallow siliciclastic seas :
scientic publications , alden press , oxford , england , p . 229 - 282 .
. and moore , g . w . , 1971 , stratigraphic relations of upper
turell , j . , hardenbol , j . , heilmann - clausen , c . , larrasoaña , j . c . ,
luterbacher , h . , monechi , s . , ortiz , s . , orue - etxebarria , x . , payros ,
lutetian stage at the gorrondatxe section , spain : episodes v . 34 , p . 86 - 108 .
oregon [ m . s . thesis ] : corvallis , oregon state university , p . 1 - 370 .
, h . j . and campbell , k . a . , 1994 ,
county , northwest oregon : unpublished m . s . thesis , corvallis , oregon
prothero , d . r . and hankins , k . g . , 2001a , magnetic stratigraphy and tectonic
mineralogists ( society for sedimentary geology ) book 91 , p . 201 - 209 .
prothero , d . r . and hankins , k . g . , 2001b . magnetic stratigraphy and tectonic
journal of geophysical research , v . 105 , p . 16 , 473 - 16 , 480 .
publications in geological sciences , v . 16 , p . 449 - 460 .
schnetler , k . i and heilmann - clausen , c . , 2011 ,
signicance : the paleontological society of japan , v . 81 , p . 24 - 44 .
underwood , c . j . and schlogl , j . , 2013 , deep - water chondrichthyans from the
w . c . and norbisrath , h . , 1946 , stratigraphy of the upper nehalem
united states and british columbia : paleobios , n . 17 , p . 1 - 15 .
from the late eocene of western oregon , u . s . a . , and description of the
welton , b . j . and goedert , j . l . , 2016 , new fossil species of
welton , b . j . , 2016 , a new dalatiid shark ( squaliformes : dalatiidae ) from the early oligocene of oregon and california , usa ; in sullivan , r . m . and lucas , s . g . , eds . , new mexico museum of natural history and science bulletin 74 , p . 289 - 302 .
first report of orthechinorhinus ( squaliformes : etmopteridae ) from the pacific basin ; a new species from early oligocene rocks of oregon , usa ; in sullivan , r . m . and lucas , s . g . , eds . , fossil record 5 : new mexico museum of natural history and science bulletin 74 , p . 303 - 308 .
welton and goedert 2016 new species of somniosus and rhinoscymnus from oligocene of western washingt . . .
first report of orthechinorhinus ( squaliformes : etmopteridae ) from the pacific basin ; a new species . . .
abstract—a decade ago , adnet provisionally placed the genus orthechinorhinus in the echinorhinidae incertae sedis based on its heterodonty and a number of shared general crown and root morphologies , while also noting significant differences in root vascularization . orthechinorhinus possesses a very specialized dentition , unlike that of any known echinorhinid , and is interpreted here to be a . . . [ show full abstract ]
welton , b . j . , 2016 , a new dalatiid shark ( squaliformes : dalatiidae ) from the early oligocene of ore . . .
abstract—isolated teeth of oligodalatias jordani , a new genus and species of extinct dalatiid shark , are described from early oligocene marine deposits of the pittsburg bluff formation , nehalem river basin , northwestern oregon . o . jordani is also known from other eastern north pacific early oligocene marine rocks , including the keasey formation crinoid lagerstätte at mist , oregon , and the . . . [ show full abstract ]
welton , b . j . , 2014 , a new fossil basking shark ( lamniformes : cetorhinidae ) from the middle miocene . . .
abstract . isolated teeth of a middle miocene cetorhinid genus , cetorhinus blainville 1816 , occur abundantly in rocks of the round mountain silt , sharktooth hill bonebed , southeastern san joaquin valley , kern county , california . tooth sets of juvenile and adult dentitions of the sharktooth hill cetorhinus were reconstructed and used as a basis for description of a new species , c . huddlestoni . . . . [ show full abstract ]
welton , b . j . , 2015 , a new species of late early miocene cetorhinus ( lamniformes : cetorhinidae ) from . . .
abstract . microphagous lamniforms of the family cetorhinidae have a significant cenozoic history in the north pacific ocean . the late eocene keasius taylori occurs in the keasey formation of oregon , and k . parvus may occur in the oligocene lincoln creek formation of southwestern washington . the genus cetorhinus has one extant species , c . maximus , and a fossil record , including the middle . . . [ show full abstract ]
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images are presented of fossilised teeth from most of the currently known shark families that can be found in the lower cretaceous , middle and late albian ( gault clay ) of kent in south - east england .
fourteen families and twenty - seven genera are included . apart from the larger sharks , mainly represented by the lamniformes , most teeth are from small species and in the main have been acquired through bulk sampling and sieving of washed clay residues . indeed , most of the gault shark species are represented by tiny teeth , ranging from 1mm up to a few centimetres .
notwithstanding the diversity of the gault shark fauna , fossilised teeth are relatively uncommon and these specimens represent the very best of many years of collecting .
the help and support is gratefully acknowleged of david ward of orpington for making freely available use of his electronic imaging facilities , for help in collecting and processing bulk clay samples and with identification of specimens .


acanthocephalus dirus is a species of parasitic worm in the echinorhynchidae family .

instead of having its eggs expelled from the host in feces , the gravid female detaches itself from the host 's digestive tract and sinks to the bottom , where her body is consumed by the species ' intermediate host , caecidotea intermedius , a species of isopod .

upon hatching , the larvae begin to alter their host 's behavior .

this will manifest in lighter pigmentation and an increased attraction to predators , such as a. dirus ' primary hosts .

acanthocephalus dirus

to describe the pathological manifestation of the acanthocephalus dirus ( a . dirus ) infestation in thunnus albacares ( t . albacares ) from southeast coast of india .
kopp , d . a . , elke , d . a . , caddigan , s . c . , raj , a . , rodriguez , l . , young , m . l . and sparkes , t . c . ( 2011 ) dispersal in the acanthocephalan acanthocephalus dirus . journal of parasitology 97 : 101 - 105
15 . p a g e | 15 seidenberg aj . 1973 . ecology of the acanthocephalan acanthocephalus dirus ( van cleave , 1931 ) in its intermediate host , asellus intermedius forbes ( crustacea : isopoda ) . the journal of parasitology . 59 ( 6 ) : 957 - 962 . wulker w . 1964 . parasite - induced changes of internal and external sex characteristics in insects . exp . parasitol . 15 : 561 - 597 .
the acanthocephalan parasite acanthocephalus dirus infects the freshwater isopod caecidotea intermedius as an intermediate host before completing its life cycle in a fish . male c . intermedius infected by a . dirus parasites are less likely to engage in mating behavior than uninfected males but there is a significant intra - population variation in the occurrence of this behavioral change . previous studies on uninfected isopods have shown that glycogen content is a predictor of male mating behavior and we examined whether the intra - population variation in the mating behavior of infected male c . intermedius could be explained by this relationship . a field - based behavioral experiment was used to quantify intra - population variation in male mating behavior , which showed that 50 % of infected males were responsive to females and 50 % were not responsive . biochemical analysis of responsive and non - responsive males revealed that glycogen content was a predictor of the mating behavior for uninfected males but was not a predictor of mating behavior for infected males . for infected males , parasite intensity was a predictor of mating behavior . males that contained more a . dirus parasites were less likely to undergo modification of mating behavior . we propose that the intra - population variation in the mating behavior of infected c . intermedius identified in nature was not mediated by host condition .
the acanthocephalan parasite acanthocephalus dirus induces a colour change in the intermediate host , the aquatic isopod caecidotea intermedius , which increases transmission to definitive hosts ( creek chub , sunfish ) . we examined the potential for conflict to occur between infective ( cystacanth ) and non - infective ( acanthor , acanthella ) stages of a . dirus over the level of colour modification that should be induced when these stages share a host . using a field survey , we showed that host sharing by infective and non - infective stages was relatively common and that infective and non - infective stages differed in their effects on colour modification . non - infective stages induced a colour change over 40 % of the body , whereas infective stages induced a colour change over 80 % . thus , conflict could occur between stages over the level of modification that should be induced . we then showed that mixed - stage infections induced a colour change in the host that was consistent with the level of modification induced by the infective stage . we discuss the potential significance of these results to patterns of host modification and their effects on stage - related survival in nature .
this is the new host for the parasite a . dirus in t . albacares . on the basis of histological and histochemical findings , the lesions were highly damaged due to the parasitic infestation . the high density of the parasite and severe penetration of the proboscis into the intestinal tissues are the main reason for the pathogenicity in the host .
one reason could be that a . dirus infects creek chub - which , as its name indicates - lives in flowing creeks . the chub acquire the worm through eating infected isopods in the stream ( the picture shows the light - coloured infected isopod on the right , and the darker uninfected individual on the left ) , which become infected when they ingest worm eggs resting on the creek bed . acanthocephalan eggs tend to float - so if the eggs are simply expelled into the environment , they would get washed away downstream and deposited where the isopods do not occur . whereas with a . dirus , the worm ' s own body can act like a weight belt which would carry the eggs down to the sediment layer , so by the time the worm herself decays , the eggs are already in the sediment where isopods can pick them up .
furthermore , laboratory tests showed that isopods like to eat egg - filled female worms as much as their usual food - leaf litter - and the worm body itself actually enhances the infection success of the eggs . researchers found that when exposed to fresh eggs alone , fewer than one in four isopods became infected , whereas when exposed to gravid females , over 80 % became infected ( natural infection comes somewhere in between those at about 60 % ) . by making the ultimate maternal sacrifice , a . dirus gives her offspring the best possible start in life .
t . albacares were severely infested with a . dirus , the group of acanthocephala attached to the posterior region of the intestine . the adult worm proboscis was cylindrical and the length and width ranging between 2 . 7–6 . 4 mm and 0 . 8–1 . 3 mm , respectively . histopathologically , the infested intestinal mucosal epithelium , stratum granulosum , lamina propria , muscular and serosa layers were highly degraded . the lesions were infiltrating with basophil - like inflammatory cells . the parasite - affected lesions were histochemically positive for alcian blue , azo dye , toluidine blue and oil red o .
13 . p a g e | 13 alter the antipredator and reproductive behavior as well as the body morphology of c . intermedius . this parasite can be a way to maintain isopod populations . neither sex is more susceptible to infection , though size of the isopod can play a role in the risks of parasitism by a . dirus ( seidenberg 1973 ) . according to seidenberg ( 1973 ) , infection begins in the summer and by march , 60 % of an isopod population has become infected . isopods with a high infection intensity disappear from the population , most likely by predation due to the parasites effects .
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amin , omar m . / crompton , d . w . t . and brent b . nickol
memoires du museum national d ' histoire naturelle , ser . a , vol . 57
proceedings of the helminthological society of washington , vol . 3 , no . 2
disclaimer : itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available , and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties . however , it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes . while every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and up - to - date information available , ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in provisions of treaties to which the united states is a party , wildlife statutes , regulations , and any applicable notices that have been published in the federal register . for further information on u . s . legal requirements with respect to protected taxa , please contact the u . s . fish and wildlife service .
the word parasite has a lot of connotations associated with it , and
maternal
is certainly not one of them . to most people , the term
freeloader
comes to mind ( hopefully , this blog will show you that parasitism is actually a very challenging way of life ) . they also have a reputation as being pretty lousy parents . in most textbooks , parasites are usually considered as
r - strategists
- which produce many , many offspring and don ' t take good care of them ( as opposed to a k - strategist which produces fewer offspring , but invest a lot into parental care - like an elephant ) . but not all parasites are bad parents , and today , i am going to tell you about a study on a maternal parasite which sacrifices everything ( literally ) for her offspring .
hint : you ' re just looking at the tip of the iceberg . . .
if you think you or your pets have a parasite , please seek the appropriate care you need from your own doctor or veterinarian .
why parasite of the day ? ( if it ' s not every day . . . )
the united nations declared 2010 the international year of biodiversity . in celebration of the enormous diversity of parasites and to highlight their importance , we created this blog , which showcased a species of parasite every day . now that 2010 is over , we will continue to add more parasites from time to time , and write about any newly published research on parasite species that we have posted about yet .
see this post from the start of 2011 where we discuss the sheer scale of parasite biodiversity , and this post from the end of 2011 pretty much summarizes the mission of this blog .
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bush , albert , gerald esch and jacqueline fernandez . parasitism : the diversity and ecology of animal parasites . cambridge university press .
combes , claude . the art of being a parasite . university of chicago press .
desowitz , robert . new guinea tapeworms and jewish grandmothers . norton & company .
desowitz , robert . the malaria capers : tales of parasites and people . norton and compay .
moore , janice . parasites and the behavior of animals . oxford university press .
zuk , marlene . riddled with life : friendly worms , ladybug sex , and the parasites that make us who we are . mariner books
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the parasite - infested fishes were collected from nagapattinam landing centre of tamil nadu from southeast coast of india . the acanthocephala morphology , gross pathology , histopathology and histochemistry were investigated .
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sparkes tc 1 , wright vm , renwick dt , weil ka , talkington ja , milhalyov m .
department of biological sciences , depaul university , chicago , il 60614 , usa . tsparkes @ urltoken
department of biological sciences , depaul university , 2325 north clifton avenue , chicago , il , 60614 , usa .
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kopp da 1 , elke da , caddigan sc , raj a , rodriguez l , young mk , sparkes tc .
department of biological sciences , depaul university , chicago , illinois 60614 , usa .
research support , u . s . gov ' t , non - p . h . s .
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5 . p a g e | 5 figure 1 . life cycle variations with avian definitive hosts shows various stages and hosts ofan acanthocephalan parasite . arrows indicate the next host or stage of development . adapted from the field manual of wildlife diseases : general field procedures and diseases of birds .
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the tonnidae are a family of medium-sized to very large sea snails , known as the tun shells .

these are marine gastropod molluscs in the clade littorinimorpha .

the name " tun " refers to the snails ' shell shape which resembles wine casks known as " tuns " .

while the shells are thin , they are also strong .

there is no operculum .

they are found in all tropical seas , where they inhabit sandy areas .

during the day , they bury themselves in the substrate , emerging at night to feed on echinoderms ( especially sea cucumbers ) , crustaceans , and bivalves .

some larger species also capture fish , using their expandable probosces to swallow them whole .

females lay rows of eggs that become free-swimming larvae for several months before settling to the bottom .

tonnidae

which taxonomic groups does the family tonnidae belong to and what are the different tonnidae genus ? below , you will find the taxonomic groups the family tonnidae belongs to and the taxonomic tree with all the different genus .
kento furui added the japanese common name
ヤツシロガイ科
to
tonnidae
.
tonnidae there are less than 30 species in this special family of globose , large shells . tonnidae are not successful among collectors because they need a lot of space and they are hard to display in an aesthetic way .
taxonomical research ( incl . hostorical specimen research ) on marine gastropods of the families ficidae , tonnidae and turritellidae .
which are the most common photographed tonnidae genus ? below , you will find the list of genus commonly photographed by underwater photographers .
vos , c . ( 2005c ) notes on tonnidae of the t . variegata complex and t . chinensis complex , with descriptions of four new species ( gastropoda : tonnidae ) . visaya 1 ( 5 ) : 45 - 62 . [ november 2005 ]
family tonnidae on the gladys archerd shell collection at washington state university tri - cities natural history museum website : brief fact sheet with photos .
what made you want to look up tonnidae ? please tell us where you read or heard it ( including the quote , if possible ) .
taxonomy bouchet & rocroi ( 2005 ) listed cassidae as a synonym of tonnidae suter , 1913 ( 1825 ) , following in this riedel ( 1995 ) . the . . .
although a relatively small family , the tonnidae has not been revised for many years , and there are taxonomic problems with many species . uncertainties of relationships are noted below for the two most common tonna species found in nsw .
2008 . vos , c . tonnidae . in poppe g . t . ( ed . ) philippine marine mollusks , volume 1 : gastropoda 1 : 594 - 611 , pls 242 - 250 . conchbooks , hackenheim , germany
vos , c . ( 2005a ) a new species of tonna brünnich , 1772 ( gastropoda , tonnidae ) ( tonna berthae ) from south - african waters . gloria maris 44 ( 1 - 2 ) : 10 - 17
vos , c . ( 2005b ) a new species of tonna brünnich , 1772 ( gastropoda , tonnidae ) ( tonna oentoengi ) from indonesian and western australian waters . gloria maris 44 ( 1 - 2 ) : 18 - 24
2013 . vos , c . overview of the tonnidae ( mollusca : gastropoda ) in chinese waters . gloria maris 52 ( 1 - 2 ) ; pp . 22 - 53 ; pls . 1 - 9 ( master article in english ) [ vos , c . ( 2012 ) overview of the tonnidae ( mollusca : gastropoda ) in chinese waters . shell discoveries 1 ( 1 ) ; pp . 12 - 22 ; pls . 1 - 9 ( partial translation in chinese ) ]
taxonomy bouchet & rocroi ( 2005 ) listed cassidae as a synonym of tonnidae suter , 1913 ( 1825 ) , following in this riedel ( 1995 ) . the two families are here maintained separate following beu ( 2008 : 272 ) [ details ]
vos , c . ( 1999 ) a new tonna brünnich , 1772 ( gastropoda : tonnidae ) from gulf of aden . gloria maris , vol . 38 , ( 1 - 6 ) , p . 43 - 47 , pl . 8 - 9
vos , c . ( 2013 ) overview of the tonnidae ( mollusca : gastropoda ) in chinese waters . gloria maris 52 ( 1 - 2 ) ; pp . 22 - 53 ; pls . 1 - 9 page ( s ) : 23 [ details ]
2007 . vos , c . a conchological iconography ( no . 13 ) - the family tonnidae . 123 pp . , 30 numb . plus 41 ( 1 col . ) un - numb . text - figs , 33 maps . , 63 col . pls , conchbooks , germany
family tonnidae in the gastropods section by j . m . poutiers in the fao species identification guide for fishery purposes : the living marine resources of the western central pacific volume 1 : seaweeds , corals , bivalves and gastropods on the food and agriculture organization of the united nations ( fao ) website .
the family tonnidae includes a small number of species with medium - sized to large shells which are thin for their size , and nearly spherical . the spire is small , while the body whorl is large and well inflated , ending in a very wide aperture . the outer surface is usually sculptured by thick spiral ribs . the animals lack the operculum . most tun shells can be found living in sand , in the tropics beyond the edge of the coral reef .
this part comprises a taxonomic revision of 29 tonna - species and for other species of tonnidae in the genera eudolium and malea . tonna hawaiiensis is described new to science . the text gives a detailed description of the animals and shells as well as information on synonymy , distribution ( with detailed maps ) habitat and biology . as far as possible type material an large series of shells covering the whole species range were studies . material from at least 29 museums was included in this monograph . the bibliography includes 173 references .
the family tonnidae is represented in nsw by the genera tonna and eudolium . species of tonna are large , globular lightweight shells , mainly tropical in distribution , that live from the shallow subtidal down to several hundred metres . they live mainly in sandy areas , where they can burrow beneath the sand and leave just the tip of their siphon exposed . they feed on sea cucumbers ( holothurians ) . the two large tuns that occur in nsw belong to this genus ; they are taken by fishing trawlers , tonna cerevisina quite commonly and t . tetracotula less so .
nomenclature family names cited with two dates ( the second one in parentheses ) are those ruled by article 40 ( 2 ) of iczn .
if . . . a family - group name was replaced before 1961 because of the synonymy of the type genus , the replacement name is to be maintained if it is in prevailing usage . a name maintained by virtue of this article retains its own author [ and date , the first date cited ] but takes the priority of the replaced name [ the date cited in parentheses , here alluding to doliidae ] . suter ( 1913 ) placed dolium lamarck , 1801 in synonymy of tonna brünnich , 1772 and replaced doliidae latreille , 1825 with the new name tonnidae . [ details ]
nomenclature family names cited with two dates ( the second one in parentheses ) are those ruled by article 40 ( 2 ) of iczn .
if . . . a . . .
vaught , k . c . ; tucker abbott , r . ; boss , k . j . ( 1989 ) . a classification of the living mollusca . american malacologists : melbourne . isbn 0 - 915826 - 22 - 4 . xii , 195 pp . ( look up in imis ) [ details ]
bouchet p . & rocroi j . - p . ( 2005 ) . classification and nomenclator of gastropod families . malacologia . 47 ( 1 - 2 ) : 1 - 397 isbn 3 - 925919 - 72 - 4 . [ details ]
( of galeodoliidae sacco , 1891 ) bouchet p . & rocroi j . - p . ( 2005 ) . classification and nomenclator of gastropod families . malacologia . 47 ( 1 - 2 ) : 1 - 397 isbn 3 - 925919 - 72 - 4 . [ details ]
( of macgillivrayiidae h . adams & a . adams , 1854 ) bouchet p . & rocroi j . - p . ( 2005 ) . classification and nomenclator of gastropod families . malacologia . 47 ( 1 - 2 ) : 1 - 397 isbn 3 - 925919 - 72 - 4 . [ details ]
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tonna ( dolium complex ) type species : tonna ( dolium complex ) dolium linnaeus , c . , 1758
tonna ( canaliculata complex ) type species : tonna ( canaliculata complex ) canaliculata linnaeus , c . , 1758
tonna ( sulcosa complex ) type species : tonna ( sulcosa complex ) sulcosa born , i . von , 1778
tonna ( galea complex ) type species : tonna ( galea complex ) galea linnaeus , c . , 1758
tonna ( perdix complex ) type species : tonna ( perdix complex ) perdix linnaeus , c . , 1758
tonna ( chinensis complex ) type species : tonna ( chinensis complex ) chinensis dillwyn , l . w . , 1817
tonna ( variegata complex ) type species : tonna ( variegata complex ) variegata lamarck , j . b . p . a . de , 1822
eudolium dall , w . h . , 1889 type species : eudolium crosseanum monterosato , t . a . de m . di , 1869
malea valenciennes , a . , 1833 type species : malea latilabris valenciennes , a . , 1833
empty shell . chek jawa , jun 12 photo shared by loh kok sheng on flickr .
empty shell . cyrene , aug 13 photo shared by loh kok sheng on his blog .
tan siong kiat and henrietta p . m . woo , 2010 preliminary checklist of the molluscs of singapore ( pdf ) , raffles museum of biodiversity research , national university of singapore .
abbott , r . tucker , 1991 . seashells of south east asia . graham brash , singapore . 145 pp .
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the star system calculates the number of pieces that were handled by conchology , inc . in the last 15 years :
we want to point out that the star system is only very reliable for philippine shells only , as we handle very few foreign shells in general . as time goes , the system will become more and more performant .
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click on an image to view all the information : family , species , author , date , and full locality .
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the genus eudolium contains smaller shells , up to about 80 mm in length , that occur in deeper water than tonna - specimens have been taken down to 1829 m . two species occur in nsw ; both are widely distributed , one occurring in the atlantic ocean as well as the indo - west pacific . they are both rare , most specimens available for study locally having been trawled during fish surveys by the fisheries research vessel
kapala
.
hedley , c . 1919 . a review of the australian tun shells . records of the australian museum 12 ( 11 ) : 329 - 336 .
marshall , b . a . 1992 . a revision of the recent species of eudolium dall , 1889 ( gastropoda : tonnoidea ) . the nautilus 106 ( 1 ) : 24 - 38 .
tonna allium ( dillwyn , 1817 ) . indo - west pacific to sydney .
tonna cepa ( roeding , 1798 ) . ( synonyms canaliculata linnaeus , 1758 ; testardi , montrouzier , 1863 ) . indo - west pacific . in nsw , known only from
triton
dredging from sydney harbour .
tonna dolium ( linnaeus , 1758 ) . indo - west pacific , to sydney . this species was misidentified in iredale & mcmichael ' s checklist as tonna parvula tapparone - canefri , 1878 .
tonna perdix ( linnaeus , 1758 ) . ( synonym rufum blainville , 1829 ) indo - west pacific to sydney .
malea pomum ( linnaeus , 1758 ) . indo - west pacific . in nsw , known only from
triton
dredging from sydney harbour .
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jennifer hammock split the classifications by femorale resource from tonna boucheti vos , 2005 to their own page .
jennifer hammock split the classifications by inventaire national du patrimoine naturel from tonna galea ( linnaeus , 1758 ) to their own page .
jennifer hammock split the classifications by inventaire national du patrimoine naturel from tonna perdix ( linnaeus , 1758 ) to their own page .
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urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : 9203c208 - e8d9 - 4e66 - b088 - 38131b3c2e44
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : 536d7c15 - 1c8a - 4836 - 8374 - e79eab5d3383
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . name : 251567
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genus : eudolium w . h . dall , 1889 ( syn : doliopsis , endolium , galeodolium , simplicodolium , tuberculodolium - db : 10 sp , 7 img )
genus : malea a . valenciennes , 1883 ( syn : quimalea - db : 12 sp , 9 img )
genus : tonna m . t . brünnich , 1772 ( syn : cadium , cadus , dolium , foratidolium , galea , macgillivrayia , parvitonna , perdix , canaliculata complex , chinensis complex , sulcosa complex , variegata complex , canaliculata - complex , chinensis - complex , sulcosa - complex , variegata - complex , galea - complex - db : 30 sp , 35 img )
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2003 . monsecour , d . & vos , c . some notes on tonna rosemaryae vos , 1999 . gloria maris , 42 ( 4 - 5 ) : 104 - 107 .
2010 . ryall p . & vos c . two new species of turritella ( gastropoda : turritellidae ) from western africa . novapex 11 ( 1 ) : 13 - 20 .
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taxon name is the
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that is used to form identifications and the core of every taxonomy record .
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) or classification metadata ( such as name authors ) .
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) for classification terms , in which role it may be null , and the label for classification metadata (
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common names are vernacular term associated with taxon names , and are not necessarily english , correct , or common .
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australian gastropods of the family bursidae . part 1 . the families of tonnacea , the genera of bursidae , and revision of species previously assigned to tutufa jousseaume , 1881 - australian museum
australian gastropods of the family bursidae . part 1 . the families of tonnacea , the genera of bursidae , and revision of species previously assigned to


melitidae is a family of amphipods .

it contains around 45 genera , and formerly included a further 40 genera that are now placed in the family maeridae .

melitidae

ecology : instream habitat : melitidae species are stygobionts , restricted to subterranean waters , except melita plumulosa which lives in the littoral areas of lentic waters . feeding ecology : habit : life history :
review of amphipods of the melita group ( amphipoda : melitidae ) from the coastal waters of sakhalin island ( far east of russia ) . iii . genera abludom . . . - pubmed - ncbi
tomikawa , k . & komatsu , h . ( 2012 ) a new species of the genus dulichiella ( amphipoda , melitidae ) from the ogasawara islands , japan . crustaceana monographs , 17 , 315–325 .
review of amphipods of the melita group ( amphipoda : melitidae ) from the coastal waters of sakhalin island ( far east of russia ) . iii . genera abludomelita karaman , 1981 and melita leach , 1814 .
senna , a . r . & serejo , c . s . ( 2012a ) a new genus and species of melitidae ( crustacea : amphipoda : hadzioidea ) from brazilian waters . zootaxa , 3433 , 60–68 .
lowry , j . k . & springthorpe , r . t . ( 2005 ) new and little - known melitid amphipods from australian waters ( crustacea : amphipoda : melitidae ) . records of the australian museum , 57 , 237–302 .
appadoo , c . & myers , a . a . ( 2005 ) amphipods of the genera ceradocus , dulichiella , melita and nuuanu ( crustacea : melitidae ) from mauritius , indian ocean . records of the australian museum , 57 , 221–236 .
senna , a . r . & serejo , c . s . ( 2012b ) a new species and first record of the genus nuuanu ( amphipoda , hadzioidea , melitidae ) from brazilian waters . zoosystematics and evolution , 88 ( 2 ) , 285–292 .
cite this publication as : lowry , j . k . p . b berents & r . t . springthorpe ( 2000 onwards ) . ' australian amphipoda : melitidae descriptions , illustrations , identification , and information retrieval . ' version : 2 october 2000 . urltoken .
lowry , j . k . & springthorpe , r . t . ( 2007 ) a revision of the tropical / temperate amphipod genus dulichiella stout , 1912 , and the description of a new atlantic genus verdeia gen . nov . ( crustacea : amphipoda : melitidae ) . zootaxa , 1424 , 1–62 .
senna , a . r . , sorrentino , r . , machado , a . n . s . & torrent , p . ( 2012 ) a new species of melita leach , 1814 ( amphipoda : hadzioidea : melitidae ) from patos lagoon , southern brazil . nauplius , 20 ( 2 ) , 125–135 .
paz - rios , c . & ardisson , p . l . ( 2014 ) dulichiella celestun , a new species of amphipod ( crustacea : amphipoda : melitidae ) from the gulf of mexico , with a key and zoogeographic remarks for the genus in the western atlantic . zootaxa , 3774 ( 5 ) , 430–440 .
horton , t . ; lowry , j . ; de broyer , c . ; bellan - santini , d . ; coleman , c . o . ; corbari , l . ; daneliya , m . ; dauvin , j - c . ; fišer , c . ; gasca , r . ; grabowski , m . ; guerra - garcía , j . m . ; hendrycks , e . ; hughes , l . ; jaume , d . ; jazdzewski , k . ; kim , y . - h . ; king , r . ; krapp - schickel , t . ; lecroy , s . ; lörz , a . - n . ; mamos , t . ; senna , a . r . ; serejo , c . ; sket , b . ; souza - filho , j . f . ; tandberg , a . h . ; thomas , j . ; thurston , m . ; vader , w . ; väinölä , r . ; vonk , r . ; white , k . ; zeidler , w . ( 2018 ) . world amphipoda database . melitidae bousfield , 1973 . accessed through : world register of marine species at : urltoken ; = 101397 on 2018 - 07 - 09
genus tabatzius mckinney & barnard , 1977 accepted as nuuanu j . l . barnard , 1970
bellan - santini , d . ; costello , m . j . ( 2001 ) . amphipoda . in : costello , m . j . et al . ( ed . ) ( 2001 ) . european register of marine species : a check - list of the marine species in europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification . collection patrimoines naturels 50 : pp . 295 - 308 . ( look up in imis ) [ details ]
martin , j . w . , & davis , g . e . ( 2001 ) . an updated classification of the recent crustacea . science series , 39 . natural history museum of los angeles county . los angeles , ca ( usa ) . 124 pp . ( look up in imis ) [ details ] available for editors [ request ]
costello , m . j . ; emblow , c . ; white , r . ( ed . ) . ( 2001 ) . european register of marine species : a check - list of the marine species in europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification . collection patrimoines naturels , 50 . muséum national d ' histoire naturelle : paris , france . isbn 2 - 85653 - 538 - 0 . 463 pp . ( look up in imis ) [ details ]
de broyer , c . ; lowry , j . k . ; jazdzewski , k . & robert , h . ( 2007 ) . catalogue of the gammaridean and corophiidean amphipoda ( crustacea ) of the southern ocean , with distribution and ecological data . in : de broyer c . ( ed . ) . census of antarctic marine life : synopsis of the amphipoda of the southern ocean . vol . i . bulletin de l ' institut royal des sciences naturelles de belgique , biologie . 77 , suppl . 1 : 1 - 325 . [ details ]
lowry , j . k . ; myers , a . a . ( 2013 ) . a phylogeny and classification of the senticaudata subord . nov . ( crustacea : amphipoda ) . zootaxa . 3610 ( 1 ) : 1 - 80 . , available online at urltoken [ details ] available for editors [ request ]
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urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : 3a286874 - b3ff - 4fd1 - 9f88 - 97e4485d55a4
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : 57dbe2ec - 0fed - 4272 - a0ab - cffaf500baa9
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : 5a944109 - d6b1 - 4a1c - aeb2 - 838725d84ad6
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : 5de3eebc - 9163 - 4af0 - a800 - defa1415d685
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : 8faa9a13 - 0a46 - 48f2 - a893 - 51e029735577
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : c9e90bdf - 9984 - 4131 - 8e57 - 38072dcc62a7
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : c3664727 - 57db - 49f6 - 94cf - 6c5c575b621b
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . name : 255004
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information sources : stoddart & lowry 2003 , king & bradbury 2012 , cummins et al . 2005 key to genera : king & bradbury 2012 key to species : none
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sakhalin state university , lenina st . , 290 , yuzhno - sakhalinsk , 693008 , russia . ; email : v . labaj @ yandex . ru .
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mclaughlin et al . 2005 . common and scientific names of aquatic invertebrates from the united states and canada : crustaceans . american fisheries society special publication 31
jessika alves universidade federal da bahia ( ufba ) , instituto de biologia , laboratório de invertebrados marinhos : crustacea , cnidaria & fauna associada ( labimar ) . rua barão de jeremoabo , 147 , ondina , salvador , ba , cep 40170 - 290 , brasil
rodrigo johnsson universidade federal da bahia ( ufba ) , instituto de biologia , laboratório de invertebrados marinhos : crustacea , cnidaria & fauna associada ( labimar ) . rua barão de jeremoabo , 147 , ondina , salvador , ba , cep 40170 - 290 , brasil
andré r . senna universidade federal da bahia ( ufba ) , instituto de biologia , laboratório de invertebrados marinhos : crustacea , cnidaria & fauna associada ( labimar ) . rua barão de jeremoabo , 147 , ondina , salvador , ba , cep 40170 - 290 , brasil
a new species of the genus dulichiella stout , 1912 is described for the northeastern brazilian coast . the new species is recognized from the others in the genus by presenting ( 1 ) the accessory flagellum 5 - articulate , ( 2 ) distolateral crown of gnathopod 2 of males with 4 spines , ( 3 ) maxilla 1 inner plate , outer plate and palp distally enlarged and rounded , and ( 4 ) pereopods 6 and 7 without bunches of long setae . this is the second species of dulichiella recorded from south atlantic and brazilian waters .
procad project , taxonomy , hadzioidea , dulichiella ankeri sp . nov . , sw atlantic ocean
audouin , v . ( 1826 ) explication sommaire des planches de crustaces de l ' egypte et de la syrie , publiees par jules - cesar savigny , membre de l ' institut ; offrant un expose des caracteres naturels des genres , avec la distinction des especes . description de l ' egypte , histoire naturelle , 1 , 77–98 .
barnard , k . h . ( 1940 ) contributions to the crustacean fauna of south africa . xii . further additions to the tanaidacea , isopoda , and amphipoda , together with keys for the identification of the hitherto recorded marine and freshwater species . annals of the south african museum , 32 , 381–543 .
bousfield , e . l . ( 1973 ) shallow - water gammaridean amphipoda of new england . cornell university press , ithaca , 312 pp .
giles , g . m . ( 1890 ) natural history notes from h . m . indian marine survey steamer ' investigator ' , commander alfred carpenter , r . n . , d . s . o . , commanding . no . 15 . descriptions of seven additional new indian amphipods . journal of the asiatic society of bengal , 59 ( 2 ) , 63–74 , pl . 2 .
haswell , w . a . ( 1879 ) on australian amphipoda . proceedings of the linnean society of new south wales , 4 ( 3 ) , 245–79 , pls . 7–12 .
karaman , g . s . & barnard , j . l . ( 1979 ) classificatory revisions in gammaridean amphipoda ( crustacea ) , part 1 . proceedings of the biological society of washington , 92 , 106–165 .
krøyer , h . n . ( 1845 ) karcinologiske bidrag . naturhistorisk tidsskrift , series 2 , 1 , 283–345 .
lowry , j . k . & myers , a . a . ( 2013 ) a phylogeny and classification of the senticaudata subord . nov . ( crustacea : amphipoda ) . zootaxa , 3610 ( 1 ) , 1–80 .
oliveira , l . p . h . ( 1953 ) crustacea amphipoda do rio de janeiro . memórias do instituto oswaldo cruz , 51 , 289–376 .
poore , a . g . b . & lowry , j . k . ( 1997 ) new ampithoid amphipods from port jackson , new south wales , australia ( crustacea : amphipoda : ampithoidae ) . invertebrate taxonomy , 11 , 897–941 .
say , t . ( 1818 ) an account of the crustacea of the united states . journal of the academy of natural sciences of philadelphia , 1 , 374–401 .
senna , a . r . ( 2007 ) dulichiella appendiculata ( say , 1818 ) . in : lavrado , h . p . & viana , m . s . ( eds . ) , atlas de invertebrados marinhos da região central da zona econômica exclusiva brasileira . parte 1 , série livros 25 , pp . 183 . [ museu nacional , rio de janeiro ]
stout , v . r . ( 1912 ) studies in laguna amphipoda . first annual report of the laguna marine laboratory , 134–149 .
wakabara , y . , tararam , a . s . , valério - berardo , m . t . & duleba , w . ( 1991 ) gammaridean and caprellidean fauna from brazil . hydrobiologia , 223 , 69–77 .
watling , l . ( 1989 ) a classification system for crustacean setae based on the homology concept . in : felgenhauer , b . e . , watling , l . & thistle , a . b . ( eds . ) , functional morphology of feeding and grooming in crustacea . a . a . balkema , rotterdam , pp . 15–26 .
wonkamhaeng , k . , pattaratumrong , m . s . & putapreecha , r . ( 2014 ) melitid amphipods from the gulf of tailand , with a description of dulichiella pattaniensis , a new species . zookeys , 408 , 1–18 .