oreochromis macrochir ( longfin tilapia , greenhead tilapia , or greenhead bream ) is a species of cichlid native to the zambezi basin , lake mweru , and lake bangweulu .

it has been used extensively for stocking ponds and dams in other parts of southern africa , but is little-used elsewhere .

in lake mweru , it is economically the most important fish .

the fish was introduced into lake alaotra in madagascar in 1954 , and proliferated quickly .

by 1957 , it provided 46 % of the catch , perhaps because it was moving into an empty ecological niche as a phytophagous species .

this species reaches a maximum length of 43 cm ( 17 in ) .

it lives in fresh water at a depth from 5 to 14 m ( 16 to 46 ft ) in tropical climates with average temperatures between 18 and 35 °c ( 64 and 95 °f ) .

oreochromis macrochir

jennifer hammock split the classifications by inventaire national du patrimoine naturel from oreochromis macrochir ( boulenger , 1912 ) to their own page .
threatened by the alien species oreochromis niloticus which is now widely distributed in the zambezi , kafue and limpopo systems .
oreochromis macrochir has been replaced by sarotherodon melanotheron as the second most abundant tilapia ( after o . mossambicus ? ) in many oahu reservoirs ( devick 1991b ) . this tilapia species has been widely introduced into africa and other parts of the world for use in aquaculture ( trewavas 1983 ; axelrod 1993 ; skelton 1993 ) . in hawaii , o . macrochir is reported as possibly hybridizing with o . mossambicus ( devick 1972 ) .
table 1 . states with nonindigenous occurrences , the earliest and latest observations in each state , and the tally and names of hucs with observations† . names and dates are hyperlinked to their relevant specimen records . the list of references for all nonindigenous occurrences of oreochromis macrochir are found here .
nico , l . , 2018 , oreochromis macrochir ( boulenger , 1912 ) : u . s . geological survey , nonindigenous aquatic species database , gainesville , fl , urltoken revision date : 7 / 28 / 2004 , peer review date : 4 / 1 / 2016 , access date : 7 / 9 / 2018
trewavas , e . 1983 . tilapiine fishes of the genera sarotherodon , oreochromis , and danakilia . publication no . 898 . british museum of natural history , london , uk .
trewavas , e . , 1983 . tilapiine fishes of the genera sarotherodon , oreochromis and danakilia . british mus . nat . hist . , london , uk . 583 p . ( ref . 2 )
( of tilapia macrochir boulenger , 1912 ) froese , r . & d . pauly ( editors ) . ( 2018 ) . fishbase . world wide web electronic publication . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
justification : this species is threatened by the alien species oreochromis niloticus and is displaced by it in areas where the two species occur together ( both as aliens ) on the zimbabwean plateau . o . niloticus is being used for aquaculture in the northern upper zambezi and will compete with o . macrochir when it spreads through the system . o . niloticus will also inevitably spread into the okavango , thus the cunene may remain the only safe refuge for this species . the suspected major decline in o . macrochir of at least 30 % in the next 10 years following o . niloticus invasion means the species should be classed as vu under criterion a3e .
a commonly used name is tilapia macrochir . distinguishing characteristics , a key , and illustrations were given by trewavas ( 1983 ) , and by skelton ( 1993 ) . distinguishing characteristics and a figure also were given by eccles ( 1992 ) . color photographs of fish were given by axelrod ( 1993 ) . maximum size : 40 cm ( skelton 1993 ) .
sectioned otoliths were used for age and growth determination of oreochromis macrochir , a common cichlid species from the okavango delta , botswana . the okavango delta is a vast inland wetland ecosystem which receives annual floodwaters from the highlands of southern angola . floodwaters reach the northern areas of the delta between january and march and the southern areas between june and september each year . samples were collected from sites which receive flood waters between may and august . marginal zone analysis showed that an annulus was formed between october and december during the dry , summer period . maximum age estimates of eleven years were obtained and growth was described by the 3 parameter von bertalanffy model as l t = 215 . 24 ( 1−e −0 . 42 ( t + 1 . 08 ) ) mm sl .
latin , aurum = gold + greek , chromis = a fish , perhaps a perch ( ref . 45335 )
from the greek
macros
= big and the greek
cheir
= hand , or pectoral fin in fishes , referring to the large pectoral fin ( ref . 52307 )
freshwater ; benthopelagic ; depth range 5 - 14 m ( ref . 58302 ) . tropical ; 18°c - 35°c ( ref . 54042 ) ; 5°n - 25°s
africa : kafue , upper zambezi , and congo river systems ; introduced elsewhere in africa and in hawaiian islands . also in the okavango and ngami region , cunene basin , chambezi and bangweulu region ( ref . 5166 ) .
maturity : l m 15 . 6 , range 18 - 18 cm max length : 43 . 0 cm tl male / unsexed ; ( ref . 54097 )
dorsal spines ( total ) : 15 - 17 ; dorsal soft rays ( total ) : 11 - 14 ; anal spines : 3 ; anal soft rays : 9 - 12 ; vertebrae : 29 - 32 . diagnosis : head profile steep ( ref . 2 , 7248 , 12524 , 13337 , 33478 , 52193 , 54167 ) and rounded ( ref . 315 , 12524 ) . toothed area of lower pharyngeal bone with broadly rounded lobes ; scales on cheek in 2 - 3 rows ; caudal scales variable , not on the inter - radial membranes except at the base , and never stiffening the fin ( ref . 2 ) . adults with black ( ref . 2 , 12524 ) or dark brown flecks in the temporal region , on the gill - cover ( ref . 2 , 11970 ) and below the eye , mostly associated with openings of the lateral line system ( ref . 2 ) . adults without conspicuous mid - lateral blotches ( ref . 2 ) .
prefers quiet , deep water associated with aquatic vegetation , but has been collected in other habitats as well ( ref . 12524 , 13337 ) . found at temperatures between 18 and 35°c ( ref . 54042 ) . has a very low salinity tolerance ( ref . 2 , 58 ) . occasionally forms schools , is mainly diurnal ( ref . 2 ) . feeds mostly on detritus ( ref . 87 , 7248 , 44661 , 52193 , 52307 , 56192 ) , ( blue - green ) algae ( ref . 12524 , 13337 , 44661 ) and diatoms ( ref . 246 , 7248 , 12524 , 13337 , 52193 ) . juvenile also accepts small invertebrates and zooplankton ( ref . 7248 , 52193 , 52307 ) , but lose this tendency with age ( ref . 52307 ) . maternal mouthbrooder ( ref . 87 , 246 , 314 , 5214 , 7248 , 8600 , 12524 , 13337 , 36094 , 52193 , 54042 ) . mating territory having a central volcano - shaped mound ( ref . 2 , 246 , 314 , 5214 , 12524 , 55074 ) with a flat or slightly concave top , surrounded by a ditch and vallum , in contrast to o . mweruensis ( ref . 2 ) . flesh excellent ( ref . 5214 ) .
phylogenetic diversity index ( ref . 82805 ) : pd 50 = 0 . 5000 [ uniqueness , from 0 . 5 = low to 2 . 0 = high ] .
bayesian length - weight : a = 0 . 01549 ( 0 . 00889 - 0 . 02698 ) , b = 3 . 00 ( 2 . 86 - 3 . 14 ) , in cm total length , based on lwr estimates for this species & genus - body shape ( ref . 93245 ) .
trophic level ( ref . 69278 ) : 2 . 1 ±0 . 0 se ; based on diet studies .
resilience ( ref . 69278 ) : high , minimum population doubling time less than 15 months ( k = 0 . 23 - 1 . 0 ; tm < 1 ) .
prior r = 0 . 71 , 2 sd range = 0 . 34 - 1 . 47 , log ( r ) = - 0 . 34 , sd log ( r ) = 0 . 36 , based on : 7 k , 10 tgen , 2 fec records
vulnerability ( ref . 59153 ) : low to moderate vulnerability ( 35 of 100 ) .
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thank you for taking the time to provide feedback on the iucn red list of threatened species website , we are grateful for your input .
gland , switzerland , 5 july 2018 ( iucn ) – australia’s unique reptiles – including lizards and snakes – face severe threats from invasive species and climate change , with 7 % of th . . .
the value of medicinal and aromatic plant trade has increased three - fold in the past 20 years , but traditional harvesting practices are being replaced by less sustainable alternatives . . . .
a recently released iucn technical brief recommends increasing investments in sustainable land management practices , as well as better cooperation between agriculturalists and conservationists to conse . . .
snoeks , j . ( freshwater fish red list authority ) & darwall , w . ( freshwater biodiversity assessment unit )
upper zambezi , okavango and kafue rivers , as well as the upper kasai , lake bangweulu and the chambeshi river . it has also been collected from the revue river in mozambique ( buzi system ) , far to the east of its natural distribution and it is possible that this is a relict population ( bell - cross 1973b ) . in zimbabwe , it has been widely distributed through introductions and translocations into many parts of the country . its introduction into lake kariba in 1959 was not particularly successful ( jackson 2000 ) but it survives in small numbers . it may have colonised the limpopo river after escaping from the shashe dam in botswana and they have been collected from the shashe river at tuli ( minshull ) and from a pool downstream of the shashe / limpopo confluence ( kleynhans and hoffman 1992 ) . also introduced to komati system in swaziland ( bills et al . 2004 ) and spreading to south africa .
found in quiet waters along river margins and backwaters , in floodplain habitats and impoundments ( skelton 2001 , tweddle et al . 2004 ) . feeds mainly on microscopic foods such as algae , especially diatoms , and detritus . females mouth brood eggs and fry . breeds in summer , nests grouped into arenas .
attempts should be made to establish protected areas from which o . niloticus can be excluded and perhaps captive breeding of pure stocks which could be used to restock areas from which this species has disappeared .
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the nonindigenous occurrences section of the nas species profiles has a new structure . the section is now dynamically updated from the nas database to ensure that it contains the most current and accurate information . occurrences are summarized in table 1 , alphabetically by state , with years of earliest and most recent observations , and the tally and names of drainages where the species was observed . the table contains hyperlinks to collections tables of specimens based on the states , years , and drainages selected . references to specimens that were not obtained through sighting reports and personal communications are found through the hyperlink in the table 1 caption or through the individual specimens linked in the collections tables .
africa . sections of south central africa including cunene , okavango , upper zambezi and kafue rivers ( trewavas 1983 ; skelton 1993 ) .
fish apparently were bred in captivity before being released into the wild , ca . 1958 ( maciolek 1984 ) ; this was considered a deliberate introduction ( devick 1991a ) .
the overabundance of tilapias in at least one hawaiian reservoir has possibly had the effect of suppressing production of desirable sport fishes ( devick 1972 ) .
axelrod , h . r . 1993 . the most complete colored lexicon of cichlids . tropical fish hobbyist publications , inc . , neptune city , nj .
devick , w . s . 1972 . population densities of tilapia in wahiawa reservoir . project f - 9 - 2 , job 1 , study v . division of aquatic resources , hawaii department of land and natural resources . 8 pp .
devick , w . s . 1991a . disturbances and fluctuations in the wahiawa reservoir ecosystem . project f - 14 - r - 15 , job 4 , study i . division of aquatic resources , hawaii department of land and natural resources . 21 pp .
eccles , d . h . 1992 . fao species identification sheets for fishery purposes : field guide to the freshwater fishes of tanzania . food and agriculture organization of the united nations ( fao ) , rome , italy . 145 pp .
hida , t . s . , and d . a . thomson . 1962 . introduction of the threadfin shad to hawaii . progressive fish - culturist 24 : 159 - 163 .
maciolek , j . a . 1984 . exotic fishes in hawaii and other islands of oceania . pages 131 - 161 in w . r . courtenay , jr . , and j . r . stauffer , jr . , editors . distribution , biology , and management of exotic fishes . the johns hopkins university press , baltimore , md .
morita , c . m . 1981 . freshwater fishing in hawaii . division of aquatic resources , department of land and natural resources , honolulu , hi . 21 pp .
skelton , p . h . 1993 . a complete guide to the freshwater fishes of southern africa . southern book publishers , halfway house , south africa .
tilmant , j . t . 1999 . management of nonindigenous aquatic fish in the u . s . national park system . national park service . 50 pp .
this information is preliminary or provisional and is subject to revision . it is being provided to meet the need for timely best science . the information has not received final approval by the u . s . geological survey ( usgs ) and is provided on the condition that neither the usgs nor the u . s . government shall be held liable for any damages resulting from the authorized or unauthorized use of the information .
the data represented on this site vary in accuracy , scale , completeness , extent of coverage and origin . it is the user ' s responsibility to use these data consistent with their intended purpose and within stated limitations . we highly recommend reviewing metadata files prior to interpreting these data .
citation information : u . s . geological survey . [ 2018 ] . nonindigenous aquatic species database . gainesville , florida . accessed [ 7 / 9 / 2018 ] .
contact us if you are using data from this site for a publication to make sure the data are being used appropriately and for potential co - authorship if warranted . for queries involving fish , please contact pam fuller . for queries involving invertebrates , contact amy benson .
beamish , r . j . & g . a . mcfarlane , 1987 . current trends in age determination methodology . in r . c . summerfelt & g . e . hall ( eds . ) , age and growth of fish . iowa state university press , ames : 15–42 .
( pisces : cichlidae ) from the okavango delta , botswana , and a comparison of the scale and otolith methods of ageing . envir . biol . fish . 43 : 171–178 .
boxrucker , j . , 1986 . a comparison of the otolith and scale methods for ageing white crappies in oklahoma . n . am . j . fish . mgmt . 6 : 122–125 .
balon , e . k . & e . m . chadwick , 1974 . time of annulus inception : a pond experiment . in e . k . balon & a . g . coche ( eds ) , lake kariba : a man - made tropical ecosystem in central africa . dr w . junk publishers , the hague : 643–646 .
peters ( pisces : cichlidae ) in lake sibaya , south africa . j . fish biol . 6 : 701–715 .
butterworth , d . s . , a . e . punt , d . l . borchers , j . b . pugh & g . s . hughes , 1986 . a manual of mathematical techniques for line - fish assessment . south african national scientific programmes report . 160 : 1–89 .
chapman , d . w . , w . h . miller , r . g . dudley & r . j . sculley , 1971 . ecology of the fishes in the kafue river : a report prepared for the fao / un by the university of idaho . fi : sf / zam ii , technical report no . 2 , 66 pp .
of the kafue floodplain , zambia : predicted effects of the kafue gorge dam . trans . amer . fish . soc . 103 : 281–291 .
from the kafue floodplain , zambia , since construction of the kafue gorge dam . j . fish biol . 14 : 205–223 .
efron , b . , 1982 . the jackknife , the bootstrap and other resampling plans . society for industrial and applied mathematics . philedelphia , 92 pp .
( rüppell ) in the lagos lagoon , lagos , nigeria with a discussion on the environmental and physiological basis of growth marking in the tropics . in t . e . bagenal ( ed . ) , ageing of fishes . unwin brothers , london : 114–123 .
gauldie , r . w . & d . g . a . nelson . 1990 . otolith growth in fishes . comp . biochem . physiol . 97a : 119–135 .
goeman , t . j . , d . r . helms & r . c . heidinger , 1984 . comparison of otolith and scale age determinations for freshwater drum from the mississippi river . proc . iowa . acad . sci . 91 : 49–51 .
hammers , b . e . & l . e . miranda , 1991 . comparison of methods for estimating age , growth and related population characteristics of white crappies . n . am . j . fish . mgmt . 11 : 492–498 .
( pisces : cichlidae ) in a venda impoundment ( south africa ) . s . afr . j . zool . 15 : 222–228 .
( schilbeidae : pisces ) in the luphephe - nwanedzi impoundment , venda ( south africa ) . j . limnol . soc . sth . afr . 6 : 39–45 .
hughes , g . , 1986 . examining methods of fitting age / length data to the von bertalanffy growth curve with a view to applying a simplified version of the beverton and holt yield per recruit model . unpublished internal report , university of cape town , 70 pp .
kapetsky , j . m . , 1974 . the kafue river floodplain : an example of pre - impoundment potential for fish production . in e . k . balon & a . g . coche ( eds ) , lake kariba : a man - made tropical ecosystem in central africa . dr w . junk publishers , the hague : 497–523 .
merron , g . s . , 1991 . the ecology and management of the okavango delta , boltswana , with particular reference to the role of the seasonal floods . ph . d . thesis , rhodes university , south africa , 171 pp .
pannella , g . , 1974 . otolith growth patterns : an aid to age determination in temperature and tropical fishes . in t . b . bagenal ( ed . ) , ageing of fishes . unwin brothers , london : 28–39 .
punt , a . e . & g . s . hughes , 1992 . pc - yield ii user ' s guide . benguela ecology programme report no . 26 , foundation for research development , south africa , 36 pp .
ricker , w . e . , 1975 . computation and interpretation of biological statistics of fish populations . fish . res . bd can . bull . 191 : 1–382 .
schnute , j . , 1981 . a versatile growth model with statiscally stable parameters . can . j . fish . aquat . sci . 38 : 1128–1140 .
skelton , p . , 1993 . a complete guide to the freshwater fishes of southern africa . southern book publishers , halfway house , 388 pp .
summerfelt , r . c . & g . e . hall , 1987 . the age and growth of fishes . the iowa state university press , ames , 443 pp .
van der waal , b . c . w . , 1985 . aspects ofthe biology of larger fish species of lake liambezi , caprivi , south west africa . madoqua 14 : 101–144 .
weatherley , a . h . & h . s . gill , 1987 . the biology of fish growth . academic press , new york , 443 pp .
welcomme , r . l . , 1979 . fisheries ecology of floodplain rivers . longman , london , 317 pp .
mating territory having a central volcano - shaped mound ( ref . 2 , 246 , 314 , 5214 , 12524 , 55074 ) with a flat or slightly concave top , surrounded by a ditch and vallum , in contrast to o . mweruensis ( ref . 2 ) . prefers quiet , deep water associated with aquatic vegetation , but has been collected in other habitats as well ( ref . 12524 , 13337 ) . found at temperatures between 18 and 35°c ( ref . 54042 ) . has a very low salinity tolerance ( ref . 2 , 58 ) . occasionally forms schools , is mainly diurnal ( ref . 2 ) . feeds mostly on detritus ( ref . 87 , 7248 , 44661 , 52193 , 52307 , 56192 ) , ( blue - green ) algae ( ref . 12524 , 13337 , 44661 ) and diatoms ( ref . 246 , 7248 , 12524 , 13337 , 52193 ) . juvenile also accepts small invertebrates and zooplankton ( ref . 7248 , 52193 , 52307 ) , but lose this tendency with age ( ref . 52307 ) . maternal mouthbrooder ( ref . 87 , 246 , 314 , 5214 , 7248 , 8600 , 12524 , 13337 , 36094 , 52193 , 54042 ) . flesh excellent ( ref . 5214 ) .
jennifer hammock removed an association between
zambezi river benthopelagic habitat
and
barbus dorsolineatus trewavas , 1936
.
jennifer hammock added an association between
zambezi river benthopelagic habitat
and
zaireichthys pallidus eccles , tweddle & skelton , 2011
.
jennifer hammock added an association between
zambezi river benthopelagic habitat
and
zaireichthys monomotapa eccles , tweddle & skelton , 2011
.
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( of chromys sparmanni castelnau , 1861 ) castelnau , f . l . ( 1861 ) . mémoire sur les poissons de l ' afrique australe . paris . i - vii + 1 - 78 . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
froese , r . & d . pauly ( editors ) . ( 2018 ) . fishbase . world wide web electronic publication . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of tilapia alleni fowler , 1931 ) froese , r . & d . pauly ( editors ) . ( 2018 ) . fishbase . world wide web electronic publication . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of tilapia intermedia gilchrist & thompson , 1917 ) froese , r . & d . pauly ( editors ) . ( 2018 ) . fishbase . world wide web electronic publication . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of tilapia sheshekensis gilchrist & thompson , 1917 ) froese , r . & d . pauly ( editors ) . ( 2018 ) . fishbase . world wide web electronic publication . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of chromys sparmanni castelnau , 1861 ) froese , r . & d . pauly ( editors ) . ( 2018 ) . fishbase . world wide web electronic publication . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
research curator of fishes , north carolina state museum of natural sciences , research laboratory , 4301 reedy creek rd . , raleigh , nc , 27607 , usa
banks , r . c . , r . w . mcdiarmid , a . l . gardner , and w . c . starnes
checklist of vertebrates of the united states , the u . s . territories , and canada
disclaimer : itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available , and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties . however , it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes . while every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and up - to - date information available , ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in provisions of treaties to which the united states is a party , wildlife statutes , regulations , and any applicable notices that have been published in the federal register . for further information on u . s . legal requirements with respect to protected taxa , please contact the u . s . fish and wildlife service .
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to cite this page : myers , p . , r . espinosa , c . s . parr , t . jones , g . s . hammond , and t . a . dewey . 2018 . the animal diversity web ( online ) . accessed at https : / / animaldiversity . org .
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ranularia gutturnia is a species of predatory sea snail , a marine gastropod mollusk in the family ranellidae , the triton snails , triton shells or tritons .

ranularia gutturnia

( of tudicla gutturnia röding , 1798 ) beu , a . ( 2010 ) . catalogue of tonnoidea . pers . comm . [ details ]
( of ranularia labiata schumacher , 1817 ) beu , a . ( 2010 ) . catalogue of tonnoidea . pers . comm . [ details ]
( of ranularia longirostra schumacher , 1817 ) beu , a . ( 2010 ) . catalogue of tonnoidea . pers . comm . [ details ]
( of ranularia clavator ( dillwyn , 1817 ) ) spry , j . f . ( 1961 ) . the sea shells of dar es salaam : gastropods . tanganyika notes and records 56 [ details ]
beu , a . ( 2010 ) . catalogue of tonnoidea . pers . comm . [ details ]
( of monoplex formosus perry , 1811 ) beu , a . ( 2010 ) . catalogue of tonnoidea . pers . comm . [ details ]
( of murex clavator dillwyn , 1817 ) beu , a . ( 2010 ) . catalogue of tonnoidea . pers . comm . [ details ]
( of tritonium macrourum link , 1807 ) beu , a . ( 2010 ) . catalogue of tonnoidea . pers . comm . [ details ]
( of cymatium gutturnium ( röding , 1798 ) ) beu a . g . ( 1998 ) . résultats des campagnes musorstom : 19 . indo - west pacific ranellidae , bursidae and personidae ( mollusca : gastropoda ) , a monograph of the new caledonian fauna and revisions of related taxa . mémoires du muséum national d ' histoire naturelle . 178 : 1 - 255 . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
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version 43 . 0 went live 11 / 6 / 2018 - i hope that the majority of issues have been fixed . my email address is on the home page if you see anything wrong .
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the star system calculates the number of pieces that were handled by conchology , inc . in the last 15 years :
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rare in the marshalls . we have seen only four living specimens and several empty shells , mostly in lagoon halimeda patches at depths of 6 to 8m . the first three photos show the first living specimen , observed on 20 september 2009 .
the second living specimen was found on 8 april 2012 , also in a lagoon halimeda patch .
a young individual observed in an algae patch on a sandy kwajalein lagoon slope on 24 july 2016 .
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neogene tonnoidean gastropods of tropical and south america : contributions to the dominican republic and panama paleontology projects and uplift of the central american isthmus .
in : molluscabase ( 2015 ) accessed through : world register of marine species at urltoken on 2017 - 01 - 13 .
in : okutani , t . ( ed . ) , marine mollusks in japan . tokai university press , tokyo , 285 - 291 ( in japanese ) .
accessed through : world register of marine species at urltoken on 2012 - 10 - 16 .
occurrence record in darwincore format ( elements of obis schema and some of dwc1 . 4 )


alston 's mouse opossum ( marmosa alstoni ) , also known as alston 's opossum , is a medium-sized pouchless marsupial of the family didelphidae .

it is arboreal and nocturnal , inhabiting forests from belize to northern colombia .

the main components of its diet are insects and fruits , but it may also eat small rodents , lizards , and bird eggs .

it was formerly assigned to the genus micoureus , which was made a subgenus of marmosa in 2009 .

alston ' s mouse opossum

alston ' s woolly mouse opossum - micoureus alstoni ( j . a . allen , 1900 ) - overview - encyclopedia of life
alston ' s woolly mouse opossum - micoureus alstoni ( j . a . allen , 1900 ) - details - encyclopedia of life
a young / baby of a alston is called a ' joey ' . the females are called ' jill ' and males ' jack ' .
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to cite this page : myers , p . , r . espinosa , c . s . parr , t . jones , g . s . hammond , and t . a . dewey . 2018 . the animal diversity web ( online ) . accessed at https : / / animaldiversity . org .
a uniquely valuable compendium of taxonomic and distributional data on the world ' s living and historically extinct mammalian species . contributors and editors alike deserve the thanks of all
voss , r . s . ; jansa , s . a . ( 2009 ) .
phylogenetic relationships and classification of didelphid marsupials , an extant radiation of new world metatherian mammals
. bulletin of the american museum of natural history 322 : 1–177 . doi : 10 . 1206 / 322 . 1 . hdl : 2246 / 5975 .
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information indicates evolutionary relationships at both the ordinal and the family level . this indispensable reference work belongs in public and academic libraries throughout the world and on the shelf of every biologist who works with mammals .
- - publisher ' s website .
wilson and reeder ' s mammal species of the world is the classic reference book on the taxonomic classification and distribution of the more than 5400 species of mammals that exist today . the third edition includes detailed information on nomenclature and , for the first time , common names . each concise entry covers type locality , distribution , synonyms , and major reference sources . the systematic arrangement of information indicates evolutionary relationships at both the ordinal and the family level . this indispensable reference work belongs in public and academic libraries throughout the world and on the shelf of every biologist who works with mammals .
- - publisher ' s website .
wilson and reeder ' s mammal species of the world is the classic reference book on the taxonomic classification and distribution of the more than 5400 species of mammals that exist today . the third edition includes detailed information on nomenclature and , for the first time , common names . each concise entry covers type locality , distribution , synonyms , and major reference sources . the systematic arrangement of
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mammal species of the world : a taxonomic and geographic reference ( book , 2005 ) [ worldcat . org ]
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i thought you might be interested in this item at urltoken title : mammal species of the world : a taxonomic and geographic reference author : don e wilson ; deeann m reeder publisher : baltimore : johns hopkins university press , ©2005 . isbn / issn : 0801882214 9780801882210 0801882389 9780801882388 0801882397 9780801882395 oclc : 57557352
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this indispensable reference work belongs in public and academic libraries throughout the world and on the shelf of every biologist who works with mammals .
mammalogists for helping to forge the nomenclatural mesh that holds our science together . * journal of mammalogy * to refer to this work as a checklist undervalues it and does not give sufficient credit to the authors and editors for their meticulous efforts in its production . a valuable reference work and a vital tool , particularly for researchers . * journal of natural history * by far the most convenient source for finding the correct scientific name of any mammal and should be on the reference shelf of libraries striving to have useful science sections . * science books and films * the editors and authors are to be congratulated for undertaking such an outstanding and authoritative work , and it should serve as a standard reference for mammalian species taxonomy for many years to come . * journal of mammalian evolution * the third edition adds to its reputation as an outstanding and authorative work . * national museum of natural history weekly update & forecast * impressive and elegant work . - - g . r . seamons * reference reviews * a must - have text for any professional mammalogist , and a useful and authoritative reference for scientists and students in other disciplines . * southeastern naturalist * a magnificent work important to anyone seriously interested in mammals . this work is essential for academic or special libraries supporting zoology or conservation and for large public libraries . * american reference books annual * as were many of our colleagues , we were waiting for this revised edition since 2003 . . . we can say that the wait was worth it . - - sergio solari and robert j . baker * journal of mammalogy *
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justification : this species is confirmed as least concern because of its presence in large protected areas , tolerates disturbed habitat , and because it is unlikely to be declining at nearly the rate required to qualify for listing in a threatened category .
this species is found in central america from belize to panama , adjacent caribbean islands ( gardner 2005 ) , and northwestern colombia ( chocó ) ( astúa 2015 ) . it occurs from lowlands to 1 , 600 m ( reid 1997 ) . only one specimen from guatemala was recorded in 1930s , and very few records from belize . tate ( 1933 ) described a hiatus between records from belize to northern panama , and those from southern panama and northwestern colombia ( cuartas and muñoz 2003 , gardner 2008 ) .
this species can be found in evergreen forest , secondary growth , and gardens . it is mainly arboreal and is active in subcanopy or understory levels ( reid 1997 ) . it can also be found on the ground , when moving from tree to tree or feeding . it feeds on insects , small vertebrates , and fruits ( reid 1997 ) . this species may invade houses near forested areas and is sometimes found in groups ( timm et al . 1989 in reid 1997 ) , although most records are of solitary individuals . unstructured leaf nests are found in palms and vine tangles ( astúa 2015 ) . a female suckling 11 young was recorded ( tate 1933 in reid 1997 ) .
the species occurs throughout a variety of environments including disturbed habitat . it also occurs in several protected areas . research is needed on the distribution of this species , its activity patterns and social organization .
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this species is found from eastern central america from belize to panam and adjacent caribbean islands ( gardner , 2005 ) . it occurs from lowlands to 1 , 600 m ( reid , 1997 ) . there has been 1 specimen from guatemala in 1930s , and very few records from belize .
kari pihlaviita added the finnish common name
väliamerikanopossumi
to
micoureus alstoni ( j . a . allen , 1900 )
.
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this marsupial can be found in evergreen forest , second growth , and gardens . it is mainly arboreal and is active in subcanopy or understory levels ( reid , 1997 ) . it sometimes descends to the ground to feed or travel from tree to tree . it feeds on insects , small vertebrates , and fruit ( reid , 1997 ) . this species may invade houses near forested areas and is sometimes found in groups ( timm et al . , 1989 in reid , 1997 ) , although most records are of solitary individuals . leaf nests are built in vine tangles . a female suckling 11 young was noted ( tate , 1933 in reid , 1997 ) .
this species is listed as least concern because of its presence in large protected areas , tolerates disturbed habitat , and because it is unlikely to be declining at nearly the rate required to qualify for listing in a threatened category .
gardner , a . l . ( 2005 ) .
order didelphimorphia
. in wilson , d . e . ; reeder , d . m . mammal species of the world ( 3rd ed . ) . johns hopkins university press . pp . 3–18 . isbn 978 - 0 - 8018 - 8221 - 0 . oclc 62265494 .
disclaimer : the animal diversity web is an educational resource written largely by and for college students . adw doesn ' t cover all species in the world , nor does it include all the latest scientific information about organisms we describe . though we edit our accounts for accuracy , we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts . while adw staff and contributors provide references to books and websites that we believe are reputable , we cannot necessarily endorse the contents of references beyond our control .
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data and apps idaho fish and wildlife information system bringing information to bear on the management and conservation of fish , wildlife , and plants in idaho .
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picture has been licensed under a creative commons attribution sharealike license original source : base map derived from file : blankmap - world . png . distribution data from iucn red list author : chermundy
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lutilodix imitratrix is a species of air-breathing land snail or semislug , terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family helicarionidae .

this species is endemic to norfolk island .

lutilodix imitratrix

wikipedia article copyright notice : this article is licensed under the gnu free documentation license . it uses material from the wikipedia article
lutilodix imitratrix
.
glenn , c . r . 2006 .
earth ' s endangered creatures - lutilodix imitratrix facts
( online ) - licensed article from wikipedia : the free encyclopedia . accessed
facts summary : lutilodix imitratrix is a species of concern belonging in the species group
snails
and found in the following area ( s ) : indian ocean ( norfolk islands ) .
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gland , switzerland , 5 july 2018 ( iucn ) – australia’s unique reptiles – including lizards and snakes – face severe threats from invasive species and climate change , with 7 % of th . . .
the value of medicinal and aromatic plant trade has increased three - fold in the past 20 years , but traditional harvesting practices are being replaced by less sustainable alternatives . . . .
a recently released iucn technical brief recommends increasing investments in sustainable land management practices , as well as better cooperation between agriculturalists and conservationists to conse . . .
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leatherback sea turtles have been around since pre - historic times . and unfortunately , if the species is allowed to vanish , scientists believe it will foreshadow the extinction of a host of other marine species . it is estimated that there are less than 5 , 000 nesting female leatherback sea turtles in the pacific ocean today , down from 91 , 000 in 1980 .
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bekkochlamys koshikijimana ( h . a . pilsbry & y . hirase , 1904 )
bekkochlamys shikokuensis ( h . a . pilsbry & y . hirase , 1903 )
genus : conibycus k . h . j . thiele , 1928 ( db : 1 sp )
japanochlamys decens ( h . a . pilsbry & y . hirase , 1904 )
genus : kermarion e . a . smith , 1873 ( db : 1 sp )
nipponochlamys hakusanus ( h . a . pilsbry & y . hirase , 1907 )
nipponochlamys hokkaidonis ( h . a . pilsbry & y . hirase , 1905 )
nipponochlamys izushichitojimana ( h . a . pilsbry & y . hirase , 1904 )
nipponochlamys lineatus ( h . a . pilsbry & y . hirase , 1904 )
nipponochlamys subelimatus ( h . a . pilsbry & y . hirase , 1904 )
ovachlamys fulgens ( g . p . l . k . gude , 1900 )
ovachlamys kotosyonis ( j . t . kuroda & t . kano , 1941 )
parakaliella affinis ( h . a . pilsbry & y . hirase , 1905 )
parakaliella austeniana ( h . a . pilsbry & y . hirase , 1901 )
parakaliella costata ( h . a . pilsbry & y . hirase , 1904 )
parakaliella fusaniana ( h . a . pilsbry & y . hirase , 1909 )
parakaliella nahaensis ( g . p . l . k . gude , 1900 )
parakaliella pagoduloides ( g . p . l . k . gude , 1900 )
parakaliella venusta ( h . a . pilsbry & y . hirase , 1909 )
genus : takemasaia m . azuma & h . minato 1976 ( db : 1 sp )
trochochlamys crenulata ( g . p . l . k . gude , 1900 )
trochochlamys crenulata basistriata ( h . a . pilsbry & y . hirase , 1905 )
trochochlamys crenulata hotawana ( h . a . pilsbry & y . hirase , 1905 )
trochochlamys humiliconus ( h . a . pilsbry & y . hirase , 1904 )
trochochlamys lioconus ( h . a . pilsbry & y . hirase , 1905 )
trochochlamys lioconus goniozona ( h . a . pilsbry & y . hirase , 1905 )
trochochlamys okinoshimana ( h . a . pilsbry & y . hirase , 1904 )
trochochlamys praealta izushichtoensis ( h . a . pilsbry & y . hirase , 1903 )
trochochlamys sororcula ( h . a . pilsbry & y . hirase , 1904 )
yamatochlamys vaga ( h . a . pilsbry & y . hirase , 1904 )
genus : aenigmatoconcha c . tumpeesuwan & s . tumpeesuwan , 2017 ( db : 1 sp )
subfamily : helicarioninae - genus : bathia g . c . robson , 1914 ( db : 1 sp )
subfamily : helicarioninae - genus : belloconcha h . b . preston , 1913 ( db : 1 sp )
subfamily : helicarioninae - genus : caldwellia h . adams , 1873 ( db : 2 sp )
subfamily : helicarioninae - genus : ctenoglypta c . m . f . ancey , 1904 ( db : 1 sp )
subfamily : helicarioninae - genus : ctenophila c . m . f . ancey , 1882 ( db : 5 sp )
ctenophila milloti e . fischer - piette , f . blanc & f . salvat , 1975
subfamily : helicarioninae - genus : dancea a . zilch , 1960 ( db : 1 sp )
subfamily : helicarioninae - genus : dendrotrochus h . a . pilsbry , 1894 ( db : 8 sp )
dendrotrochus cineraceus ( j . b . hombron & c . h . jacquinot , 1841 )
dendrotrochus helicinoides ( j . b . hombron & c . h . jacquinot , 1841 )
subfamily : helicarioninae - genus : dupontia h . h . godwin - austen , 1908 ( db : 7 sp )
subfamily : helicarioninae - genus : epiglypta h . a . pilsbry , 1893 ( db : 1 sp )
subfamily : helicarioninae - genus : erepta j . a . albers , 1850 ( db : 3 sp )
subfamily : helicarioninae - genus : geotrochus j . c . van hasselt , 1823 ( db : 25 sp )
subfamily : helicarioninae - genus : harmogenanina j . germain , 1919 ( db : 5 sp )
subfamily : helicarioninae - genus : helicarion a . e . j . férussac , 1821 ( db : 107 sp )
helicarion lampra ( h . a . pilsbry & y . hirase , 1904 )
subfamily : helicarioninae - genus : hemiglypta o . f . von möllendorff , 1893 ( db : 9 sp )
subfamily : helicarioninae - genus : hemiglyptopsis k . h . j . thiele , 1931 ( db : 1 sp )
subfamily : helicarioninae - genus : inozonites g . j . pfeffer , 1883 ( db : 1 sp )
subfamily : helicarioninae - genus : lepidotrichia p . bartsch , 1942 ( db : 7 sp )
lepidotrichia velutinella ( j . f . quadras & o . f . von möllendorff , 1892 )
subfamily : helicarioninae - subgenus : lepidotrichia ( hemitrichiella ) a . zilch , 1956 ( db : 4 sp )
subfamily : helicarioninae - genus : mathewsoconcha h . b . preston , 1913 ( db : 7 sp )
subfamily : helicarioninae - genus : nesonanina c . r . böttger , 1916 ( db : 4 sp )
nesonanina novaehiberniae ( j . r . c . quoy & j . p . gaimard , 1832 )
subfamily : helicarioninae - genus : nitor g . p . l . k . gude , 1911 ( db : 7 sp )
subfamily : helicarioninae - genus : orpiella j . e . gray , 1855 ( db : 10 sp )
subfamily : helicarioninae - subgenus : orpiella ( irenella ) g . p . l . k . gude , 1913 ( db : 2 sp )
subfamily : helicarioninae - subgenus : orpiella ( owaraha ) f . c . baker , 1941 ( db : 1 sp )
subfamily : helicarioninae - genus : pachystyla o . a . l . mörch , 1852 ( db : 2 sp )
subfamily : helicarioninae - genus : parmacochlea e . a . smith , 1884 ( db : 2 sp )
subfamily : helicarioninae - genus : petalochlamys h . h . godwin - austen , 1907 ( db : 9 sp )
petalochlamys formosana ( p . b . schmacker & o . böttger , 1891 )
petalochlamys nitidus ( h . a . pilsbry & y . hirase , 1905 )
petalochlamys par ( p . b . schmacker & o . böttger , 1891 )
subfamily : helicarioninae - genus : plegma g . p . l . k . gude , 1911 ( db : 1 sp )
subfamily : helicarioninae - genus : pseudaustenia t . d . a . cockerell , 1891 ( db : 1 sp )
subfamily : helicarioninae - genus : rahula h . h . godwin - austen , 1907 ( db : 5 sp )
subfamily : helicarioninae - genus : roybellia h . b . preston , 1913 ( db : 2 sp )
subfamily : helicarioninae - genus : sesara j . a . albers , 1880 ( db : 7 sp )
sesara bouyei ( j . c . h . crosse & p . h . fischer , 1863 )
subfamily : helicarioninae - genus : sivella w . t . blanford , 1863 ( db : 4 sp )
sivella albofilosa ( a . r . j . b . bavay & p . dautzenberg , 1908 )
sivella latior ( a . r . j . b . bavay & p . dautzenberg , 1908 )
subfamily : helicarioninae - genus : wilhelminaia h . b . preston , 1913 ( db : 1 sp )
subfamily : papuarioninae - genus : laocaia a . a . kuzminykh , 1999 ( db : 2 sp )
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the glaucous-blue grosbeak ( cyanoloxia glaucocaerulea ) , also known as the indigo grosbeak , is a species of bird in the cardinalidae family .

it is the only member of the genus cyanoloxia .

it is found in argentina , brazil , and uruguay .

its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests , subtropical or tropical moist shrubland , and heavily degraded former forest .

glaucous - blue grosbeak

brewer , d . ( 2018 ) . glaucous - blue grosbeak ( cyanoloxia glaucocaerulea ) . in : del hoyo , j . , elliott , a . , sargatal , j . , christie , d . a . & de juana , e . ( eds . ) . handbook of the birds of the world alive . lynx edicions , barcelona . ( retrieved from urltoken on 9 july 2018 ) .
azulinho cyanoloxia glaucocaerulea glaucous - blue grosbeak durante a aula pratica do mini curso de observação de aves da divisão de fauna de são paulo , sucesso total , mais de 40 novos observadores estrearam observando essa ave . não use gaiolas , plante uma árvore que elas vem . denuncie o tráfico de animais silvestres , ibama - linha verde - telefone : 0800 - 61 - 8080 a ligação é gratuita ou pelo e - mail : linhaverde . sede @ urltoken
nests oct–dec in uruguay . nest a cup of small twigs , placed at low or medium height in dense vegetation . clutch 2–4 eggs , pale sky - blue . . .
14 cm ; three birds 16–19·5 g . male is deep dark sky - blue above ( each feather having very narrow blackish terminal edging ) , brightest on forehead and rump ; remiges blackish . . .
contributed for the female bird song project : urltoken apparent female ( timing of recording seems a bit early for a singing juvenile male , assuming they breed in austral spring ) , all brown with no hint of blue that i was able to see . calling and foraging in dense underbrush of araucaria forest , about 15ft away . amplified with audacity .
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sacc . 2005 and updates . a classification of the bird species of south america . available at : urltoken .
justification : this species has a very large range , and hence does not approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the range size criterion ( extent of occurrence < 20 , 000 km2 combined with a declining or fluctuating range size , habitat extent / quality , or population size and a small number of locations or severe fragmentation ) . despite the fact that the population trend appears to be decreasing , the decline is not believed to be sufficiently rapid to approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the population trend criterion ( > 30 % decline over ten years or three generations ) . the population size has not been quantified , but it is not believed to approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the population size criterion ( < 10 , 000 mature individuals with a continuing decline estimated to be > 10 % in ten years or three generations , or with a specified population structure ) . for these reasons the species is evaluated as least concern .
the global population size has not been quantified , but this species is described as ' uncommon ' ( stotz et al . 1996 ) . trend justification : the population is suspected to be in decline owing to ongoing habitat loss .
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) , in neotropical birds online ( t . s . schulenberg , editor ) . cornell lab of ornithology , ithaca , ny , usa . retrieved from neotropical birds online :
apparent hybrids between this species and an unspecified sporophila seed - finch ( thraupidae ) reported from brazil . monotypic .
ne argentina ( misiones , corrientes , entre ríos and ne buenos aires ) , se brazil ( s são paulo , santa catarina , rio grande do sul ) and n , e & w uruguay ; in austral winter , some move n as far mato grosso do sul ( s brazil ) .
song , usually from concealed perch in dense cover , a fast , high , hurried jumbled warbling ; call “ . . .
edges of low forest , bushes on humid river islands , marshes , second growth ; from near sea - level to . . .
partial austral migrant . during austral winter , some move n as far as mato grosso do sul , s goiás . . .
not globally threatened . generally rather rare to uncommon over much of range . not well known .
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previously included in a much broader emberizidae . limits and composition redrawn in recent years , based on extensive molecular work # r # r . as compared to hbw : granatellus is imported from parulidae , amaurospiza from passerellidae ( part of emberizidae in hbw ) , and habia ( now including chlorothraupis ) and piranga from thraupidae ; at the same time , saltator and parkerthraustes have been removed to thraupidae .
sometimes subsumed within passerina . includes several species previously placed in cyanocompsa , moved here based on molecular data # r .
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this map displays aggregated data from ibc and my birding ( anonymously ) ; markers do not indicate precise localities .
entrada a gendarmeria ( ruta 2 c . km35 ) , area pp mocona , guarani , el soberbio , misiones
inventario de aves en campo avalos 2010 , corrientes , arg . : aves argentinas & alianzas por el pastizal .
sonogram images © xeno - canto foundation . sonogram images share the same license terms as the recording they depict .
this species has a very large range , and hence does not approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the range size criterion ( extent of occurrence < 20 , 000 km2 combined with a declining or fluctuating range size , habitat extent / quality , or population size and a small number of locations or severe fragmentation ) . despite the fact that the population trend appears to be decreasing , the decline is not believed to be sufficiently rapid to approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the population trend criterion ( > 30 % decline over ten years or three generations ) . the population size has not been quantified , but it is not believed to approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the population size criterion ( < 10 , 000 mature individuals with a continuing decline estimated to be > 10 % in ten years or three generations , or with a specified population structure ) . for these reasons the species is evaluated as least concern .
recommended citation birdlife international ( 2018 ) species factsheet : cyanoloxia glaucocaerulea . downloaded from urltoken on 09 / 07 / 2018 . recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species : birdlife international ( 2018 ) iucn red list for birds . downloaded from urltoken on 09 / 07 / 2018 .
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myavibase allows you to create and manage your own lifelists , and produce useful reports to help you plan your next birding excursion .
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gill & wright ( 2006 ) corrigenda / updates - 21 - sep - 2007 , website ( version 1 . 1 )
ioc world bird list ( v 5 . 3 ) , website ( version 5 . 3 )
gill , f . , and d . donsker , eds . 2015 . ioc world bird list ( v 5 . 3 ) . available at urltoken [ accessed 04 september , 2015 ]
zoonomen - zoological nomenclature resource , 2015 . 02 . 01 , website ( version 01 - feb - 15 )
disclaimer : itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available , and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties . however , it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes . while every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and up - to - date information available , ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in provisions of treaties to which the united states is a party , wildlife statutes , regulations , and any applicable notices that have been published in the federal register . for further information on u . s . legal requirements with respect to protected taxa , please contact the u . s . fish and wildlife service .


it is found in brazil .

the wingspan is 18 – 23 mm .

the ground colour of the forewings is whitish cream , suffused ochreous or ferruginous brown , with paler and darker groups of scales .

the hindwings are brown .

auratonota badiaurea

this is the place for badiaurea definition . you find here badiaurea meaning , synonyms of badiaurea and images for badiaurea copyright 2017 © urltoken
auratonota badiaurea is a species of moth of the tortricidae family . it is found in brazil .
have a fact about auratonota badiaurea ? write it here to share it with the entire community .
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here you will find one or more explanations in english for the word badiaurea . also in the bottom left of the page several parts of wikipedia pages related to the word badiaurea and , of course , badiaurea synonyms and on the right images related to the word badiaurea .
auratonota aurochra is a species of moth of the tortricidae family which is endemic to ecuador .
auratonota chlamydophora is a species of moth of the tortricidae family and is endemic to ecuador .
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phalonidia lavana is a species of moth of the tortricidae family .

it is found in eastern north america , where it has been recorded from maryland , florida , illinois , kentucky , missouri , ohio , british columbia , alberta and quebec .

the wingspan is 12 – 13 mm .

adults have been recorded on wing from april to july .

phalonidia lavana

the genus platphalonidia was synonymized with phalonidia when razowski ( 2011 in metzler and brown 2014 ) transfered the type species , platphalonidia felix to the genus phalonidia .
platphalonidia , has been synonymized with phalonidia by razowski , 2011 :
remarks : platphalonidia was described for phalonia felix walsingham , 1895 and over 10 other species from the new world . unfortunately the type - species belongs to phalonidia and differs from the remaining new world species .
only felix was officially moved . the rest appear to have been moved to platphalonia by metzler & albu , 2013 , however , as of 8 / 18 / 2015 urltoken has those other species placed in phalonidia .
platphalonia lavana ( busck , 1907 ) , formerly placed in the genus platphalonidia , jour . lepid . soc . 68 ( 4 ) : 282 , was number 3834 in the 1983 hodges checklist . 3833 ( 1983 list ) aethes labeculana ( robinson , 1869 ) is a synonym of 3754 . 20 aethes argentilimitana .
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metzler , e . h . & j . w . brown , 2014 . an updated check list of the cochylina ( tortricidae , tortricinae , euliini ) of north america north of mexico including greenland , with comments on classification and identification . journal of the lepidopterists ' society , 68 ( 4 ) : 274 - 282 .
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upcoming events 2018 bugguide gathering in virginia july 27 - 29 : registration and discussion photos of insects and people from the 2015 gathering in wisconsin , july 10 - 12 photos of insects and people from the 2014 gathering in virginia , june 4 - 7 . photos of insects and people from the 2013 gathering in arizona , july 25 - 28 photos of insects and people from the 2012 gathering in alabama photos of insects and people from the 2011 gathering in iowa photos from the 2010 workshop in grinnell , iowa photos from the 2009 gathering in washington
scattered records in the eastern united states . alberta and british columbia records . razowski states arkansas , illinois and british columbia .
busck , a . , 1907 . a review of the tortricid subfamily phaloniinae with descriptions of new american species .
razowski , 1985 . on the generic groups saphenista and cochylis ( tortricidae ) . nota lepidopterologica . 8 ( 1 ) : 58
metzler , e . h . & albu , v . , 2013 : the description fo platphalonia ( tortricidae , tortricinae , euliini , cochylina ) found nectaring diurnally on centromada pungens ( asteraceae ) in the central valley of california along with a list of species of platphalonia . journal of the lepidopterists’ society , 67 ( 3 ) : 156 - 160
razowski , j . , 2011 . diagnoses and remarks on genera of tortricidae , 2 : cochylini ( lepidoptera : tortricidae ) . shilap revista de lepidopterología 39 ( 156 ) : 397 - 414
a review of the tortricid subfamily phaloniinae with descriptions of new american species august busck . 1907 . journal of the new york entomological society , 15 : 19 - 36 .
world catalogue of insects , vol . 5 : tortricidae ( lepidoptera ) john wesley brown , joaquin baixeras . 2005 . apollo books .
check list of the lepidoptera of america north of mexico . hodges , et al . ( editors ) . 1983 . e . w . classey , london . 284 pp .
cochylini ( lepidoptera : tortricidae ) of canada razowski , j . 1997 . acta zoologica cracoviensia . 40 ( 1 ) : 107 - 163 .
contributed by maury j . heiman on 28 june , 2012 - 9 : 20pm additional contributions by steve nanz , randy hardy last updated 4 february , 2018 - 11 : 59am
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hodges , r . w . et al . , eds . 1983 . check list of the lepidoptera of america north of mexico . e . w . classey limited and the wedge entomological research foundation , london . 284 pp .
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brown , j . w . 2005 . tortricidae ( lepidoptera ) . in world catalog of insects , vol . 5 . apollo books , stenstrup , denmark , 741 pp .
metzler , e . h . and j . w . brown . 2014 . an updated check list of the cochylina ( tortricidae , tortricinae , euliini ) of north america north of mexico including greenland , with comments on classification and identification . journal of the lepidopterists ? society 68 ( 4 ) : 274 - 282 .
pohl , g . r . , g . g . anweiler , b . c . schmidt , and n . g . kondla . 2010 . an annotated list of the lepidoptera of alberta , canada . zookeys 38 : 1 - 549 .
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ridgely , r . s . , t . f . allnutt , t . brooks , d . k . mcnicol , d . w . mehlman , b . e . young , and j . r . zook . 2003 . digital distribution maps of the birds of the western hemisphere , version 1 . 0 . natureserve , arlington , virginia , usa .
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moth photographers group – living moths plate 10 . 0 – tortricidae : tortricinae - cochylini
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we present an updated list of the members of the subtribe cochylina ( tortricidae ) in north america north of mexico . we summarize the proposed changes in the classification since about 1983 . we propose revised status for two genera , rolandylis gibeaux , 1985 and thyraylia walsingham , 1897 . we propose ten new combinations : saphenista parvimaculana ( walsingham , 1879 ) , thyraylia bana ( kearfott , 1907 ) , thyraylia rhodites ( meyrick , 1912 ) , thyraylia bunteana ( robinson , 1869 ) , thyraylia discana ( kearfott , 1907 ) , thyraylia cricota ( meyrick , 1912 ) , thyraylia gunnina ( busck , 1907 ) , thyraylia hollandana ( kearfott , 1907 ) , thyraylia nana ( haworth , [ 1811 ] ) , and thyraylia omphacitis ( meyrick , 1912 ) . we propose four revised combinations : rolandylis fusca pogue , 2001 , rolandylis maiana ( kearfott , 1907 ) , rolandylis catalonica gibeaux , 1985 , rolandylis virilia pogue , 2001 ; and three new synonymies : aethes ziscana kearfott with a . bomonana ( kearfott ) , henricus edwarsiana ( walsingham ) with h . contrastana ( kearfott ) , and phtheochroa pecosana ( kearfott , 1907 ) with phtheochroa cartwrightana ( kearfott , 1907 ) . the described fauna includes 20 genera and 136 species , yet it is likely that the region is home to two to three times that many species ; at least six new genera are defined / circumscribed but not yet formally described .
michigan state university adjunct curator of lepidoptera , research collaborator u . s . national museum of natural history , p
alamogordo , nm 88311 - 0045 u . s . a . , e - mail : metzlere @ msu . edu
systematic entomology laboratory , usda , u . s . national museum of natural history
mexico . we summarize the proposed changes in the classiﬁcation since the end of 1978 . w
the fauna , i . e . , this action seemed a better alternative to
doptera ) of north america . ph . d . thesis , university of min -
north america ( tortricidae ) . j . lepid . soc . 56 : 216 - 233 .
the remarkable endemism of moths in white sands national monument , otero co . new mexico , us
a study of moths in white sands national monument along a transect 2 . 4 km and 300 m documented over 650 described species of moths in 9 years . approximately 40 undescribed species , nearly all of w…
[ more ]
the description of platphalonia magdalenae ( tortricidae , tortricinae , euliini , cochylina ) found nect . . .
platphalonia razowski , 2011 ( tortricidae , tortricinae , euliini , cochylina ) was proposed for saphenista mystica razowski & becker , 1983 ( type species ) and several species previously assigned to platphalonidia razowski , 1985 . however , with the exception of the type species , none of the other purported congeners have been listed . we formally transfer 16 species to platplialonia , resulting in the . . . [ show full abstract ]
a new genus of pine - feeding cochylina from the western united states and northern mexico ( lepidopter . . .
eupinivora , new genus , is described and illustrated from the montane regions of western united states ( nevada , utah , wyoming , colorado , arizona , new mexico , and texas ) and mexico ( nuevo león , durango , and estado de mexico ) . as presently defined , the genus includes seven species : e . ponderosae , n . sp . ( usa : arizona ) ( type species ) ; e angulicosta , n . sp . ( mexico : nuevo león ) ; e . albolineana , n . . . . [ show full abstract ]
the lepidoptera of white sands national monument , otero county , new mexico , usa 11 . a new species of . . .
the u . s . national park service initiated a 10 - year study of the lepidoptera at white sands national monument , otero county , new mexico in late 2006 . arotrura landryorum sp . n . , described here , was discovered in 2007 , during the first year of the study . the male and female adult moths and genitalia are illustrated .
a new generic assignment for tortrix baboquavariana kearfott , 1907 ( lepidoptera : tortricidae ) with c . . .
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antricola is a genus of tick containing 16 species .

it is very similar to the genus nothoaspis , which contains the species nothoaspis reddelli antricola delacruzi estrada-pena , barros-battesti & venzal , 2004 antricola guglielmonei estrada-pena , barros-battesti & venzal , 2004 antricola inexpectata antricola marginatus antricola mexicanus

antricola

new reports of antricola guglielmonei and antricola delacruzi in brazil , and a description of a new argasid species ( acari ) .
new reports of antricola guglielmonei and antricola delacruzi in brazil , and a description of a new argasid species ( acari ) . - pubmed - ncbi
the sialotranscriptome of antricola delacruzi female ticks is compatible with non - hematophagous behavior and an alternative source of food .
three new species of antricola ( acari : argasidae ) from brazil , with a key to the known species in the genus .
the sialotranscriptome of antricola delacruzi female ticks is compatible with non - hematophagous behavior and an alternative source of food . - pubmed - ncbi
three new species of antricola ( acari : argasidae ) from brazil , with a key to the known species in the genus . - pubmed - ncbi
conserved tick salivary secreted protein family , similar to hiv env glycoprotein , with 7 ests in antricola delacruzi . ( a ) clustal alignment . ( b ) bootstrapped phylogram . for other information , see . species related to acronyms for naming sequences used to construct phylogram are : ant : a . delacruzi ; ornpar , o . parkeri ; amby am : amblyomma americanum ; rh ap : r appendiculatus ; rh micro : r . microplus ; ixosca : i scapularis .
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warning : the ncbi web site requires javascript to function . more . . .
estrada - peña a 1 , manuel venzal j , barros - battesti dm , castilho onofrio v , trajano e , lima firmino jv .
department of parasitology , veterinary faculty , university of zaragoza , miguel servet 177 , zaragoza , zaragoza 50013 , spain . aestrada @ urltoken
insect biochem mol biol . 2012 may ; 42 ( 5 ) : 332 - 42 . doi : 10 . 1016 / j . ibmb . 2012 . 01 . 003 . epub 2012 jan 24 .
ribeiro jm 1 , labruna mb , mans bj , maruyama sr , francischetti im , barizon gc , de miranda santos ik .
laboratory of malaria and vector research , national institute of allergy and infectious diseases , national institutes of health , bethesda , md , usa .
pmid : 22306723 pmcid : pmc3351099 doi : 10 . 1016 / j . ibmb . 2012 . 01 . 003
a heat map of the most abundantly expressed transcripts in a . delacruzi females and of the most abundantly expressed transcripts in hematophagous female ticks of genes encoding putative inhibitors of proteins involved in host homeostasis . data is derived from non - normalized cdna libraries constructed with the same methodology employed for the a . delacruzi library .
insect biochem mol biol . ; 42 ( 5 ) : 332 - 342 .
tick til domain - containing proteins . ( a ) clustal alignment . symbols over the figure indicate ( * ) amino acid identity , ( : ) similarity and ( . ) less similarity . ( b ) bootstrapped phylogram ( 10 , 000 iterations ) of the alignment in ( a ) . sequences deposited at ncbi are represented by six capital letters deriving from the genus and species name followed by their genbank accession number . remaining sequences were derived from analysis of publicly available est’s and described in a previous review ( ) . values near nodes indicate bootstrap support above 50 % . smaller values are not represented . the bar at the bottom indicates 10 % amino acid divergence . species related to acronyms for naming sequences used to construct the alignment and phylogram are : orncor , o . coriaceus ; ant : a . delacruzi ; hyamar : hyalomma marginatum ; rh micro : r . microplus ; amb var : amblyomma variegatum ; rh ap : r . appendiculatus ; and der : dermacentor andersoni ; ixosca : i scapularis .
tick amyloid salivary secreted protein family , with 15 ests on anticolas delacruzi . ( a ) clustal alignment . ( b ) bootstrapped phylogram . for other information , see . species related to acronyms for naming sequences used to construct phylogram are : ornpar , o . parkeri ; ant : a . delacruzi ; rh micro : r . microplus ; ixosca : i scapularis ; and der : dermacentor andersoni .
labruna mb 1 , terassini fa , camargo lm , brandão pe , ribeiro af , estrada - peña a .
departamento de medicina veterinária preventiva e saúde animal , faculdade de medicina veterinária e zootecnia , universidade de são paulo , são paulo , sp , brazil . labruna @ urltoken
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simmons , nancy b . / wilson , don e . , and deeann m . reeder , eds .
mammal species of the world : a taxonomic and geographic reference , 3rd ed . , vols . 1 & 2
disclaimer : itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available , and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties . however , it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes . while every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and up - to - date information available , ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in provisions of treaties to which the united states is a party , wildlife statutes , regulations , and any applicable notices that have been published in the federal register . for further information on u . s . legal requirements with respect to protected taxa , please contact the u . s . fish and wildlife service .


the wingspan is 10 – 12 mm .

the species is variable in color , ranging from very dark to whitish gray , the ground color ( dark or light ) being rather uniform over the forewing , the basal area no darker or lighter than the median and terminal areas .

the antemedial band rather broad , whitish , oblique and nearly straight , outwardly bordered on costal half by a narrow blackish line .

the subterminal line is narrow , parallel and near to the termen , slightly irregular , whitish bordered inwardly towards the costa by a thin , faint , blackish line .

the discocellular spots more or less obsolescent , when distinct , separate and blackish .

the hindwings are whitish to pale smoky fuscous , shaded with smoky fuscous towards the apex and termen .

australephestiodes

australephestiodes is a genus of moths belonging to the family pyralidae . it contains only one species australephestiodes stictella , which is found in florida and on the bahamas , jamaica , puerto rico and the virgin islands .
genus : australephestiodes neunzig , 1988 . moths am . n . mexico ( 15 . 3 ) : 68 .
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neunzig , h . h . , 1990 . moths of america north of mexico , fascicle 15 . 3 , p . 69 ; pl . 2 . 34 - 36 . order
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upcoming events 2018 bugguide gathering in virginia july 27 - 29 : registration and discussion photos of insects and people from the 2015 gathering in wisconsin , july 10 - 12 photos of insects and people from the 2014 gathering in virginia , june 4 - 7 . photos of insects and people from the 2013 gathering in arizona , july 25 - 28 photos of insects and people from the 2012 gathering in alabama photos of insects and people from the 2011 gathering in iowa photos from the 2010 workshop in grinnell , iowa photos from the 2009 gathering in washington
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to cite this page : myers , p . , r . espinosa , c . s . parr , t . jones , g . s . hammond , and t . a . dewey . 2018 . the animal diversity web ( online ) . accessed at https : / / animaldiversity . org .
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type - species : unadilla stictella hampson , 1901 . ann . mag . nat . hist . ( 7 ) , 7 : 255 . [ bhl ]
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