barbus haasi , or the " catalan barbel " ( catalan : barb cua-roig ; spanish : barbo colirrojo or barbo de cola roja ) , is a species of freshwater fish in the family cyprinidae .

it is a small size barbel found only in the northeast of the iberian peninsula .

morphologically it is similar to barbus bocagei , but it is smaller and rarely reaches sizes longer than 20 cm .

its natural habitats are rivers and inland karsts in all ebro basin , but mainly in inner catalonia , especially in the bages comarca area .

the species is threatened by habitat loss and the introduction of non-native species such as the pumpkinseed ( lepomis gibbosus ) and the wels catfish ( silurus glanis ) .

barbus haasi

outbreaks of ichthyophthirius multifiliis in redtail barbs barbus haasi in a mediterranean stream during drought .
ectoparasites of native cyprinid barbus haasi : first record of trichodina acuta and trichodina fultoni in iberian catchments .
outbreaks of ichthyophthirius multifiliis in redtail barbs barbus haasi in a mediterranean stream during drought . - pubmed - ncbi
reproduction and growth of barbus haasi in a small stream in the n . e . of the iberian peninsula
reproduction and growth of barbus haasi in a small stream in the n . e . of the iberian peninsula - archiv für hydrobiologie volume 142 number 1 — schweizerbart science publishers
parasitological studies of wild freshwater fish in iberia are needed to provide baseline data for management strategies , but the conservation status of many species means application of non - lethal sampling procedures is mandatory . a survey of iberian redfin barbel ( barbus haasi ) from five mediterranean streams in north - eastern of spain using mucus scrapings revealed the presence of trichodina acuta , t . fultoni and gyrodactylus spp . with prevalences of 35 - 60 % , 8 % , 2 - 50 % and densities of 54 - 197 , 42 - 89 , 2 - 50 parasites / mm2 on fish skin , respectively . biometrics of the trichodinid species are provided , and we discuss the potential application of trichodinids as eutrophication bioindicators in these rivers .
justification : b . haasi has undergone an estimated population decline of 30 % in the past ten years mainly due to pollution and extraction , introduced species and habitat destruction ( crivelli , a . pers comm ) . this decline is likely to continue into the future at the same rate with desiccation being the main threat ( carmona , j . pers comm ) .
diagnosed from other species of barbus and luciobarbus in iberian peninsula by having the following characters : body with numerous small black dots , more or less aligned in longitudinal series along scale rows ; anal , part of caudal and pelvic fins red during spawning season ; lower lip with a median lobe ; last simple dorsal ray slender , with small or without serrae posteriorly ; and lateral line with 46 - 50 + 3 - 4 scales ( ref . 59043 ) .
in 2008 , inland waterways in catalonia ( northeast iberian peninsula , spain ) experienced one of the worst droughts recorded in this region in recent decades . during this period , an epizootic of ichthyophthirius multifiliis was detected for the first time in a mediterranean stream , with 21 % prevalence in a population of redtail barbs barbus haasi . environmental features and the fish population in this stream were compared during 2007 - 2009 . fish density and the average fish size were reduced significantly after the outbreak of i . multifiliis in this population . during 2008 , parasitized fish were significantly larger than nonparasitized fish . in addition , a significant , positive correlation was found between parasite load and fish size . the origin of i . multifiliis is unknown , but an introduced species detected in april 2007 may have carried it . the combination of stress to the redtail barbs due to suboptimal conditions and favorable environmental conditions for parasite multiplication ( e . g . , suitable water temperature and low water flow ) could have enhanced fish susceptibility to the parasite in april 2008 . further studies are needed to establish the incidence of freshwater fish diseases in mediterranean watersheds , and water management policies should be reviewed to improve the conservation of native fish fauna .
maturity : l m ? range ? - ? cm max length : 30 . 0 cm tl male / unsexed ; ( ref . 31730 )
occurs in water bodies on low - lying plains , with little current ; in water courses at high altitudes and in springs and associated wetlands ( ref . 26100 ) . most frequently found in upper , cooler stretches of streams , with current and stone bottom . feeds mainly on benthic macro - invertebrates , especially insect larvae . spawns on vegetation and under stones ( ref . 59043 ) . is threatened by water abstraction , pollution , and habitat destruction ( ref . 26100 ) .
kottelat , m . and j . freyhof , 2007 . handbook of european freshwater fishes . publications kottelat , cornol and freyhof , berlin . 646 pp . ( ref . 59043 )
phylogenetic diversity index ( ref . 82805 ) : pd 50 = 0 . 5000 [ uniqueness , from 0 . 5 = low to 2 . 0 = high ] .
bayesian length - weight : a = 0 . 00977 ( 0 . 00617 - 0 . 01549 ) , b = 3 . 02 ( 2 . 89 - 3 . 15 ) , in cm total length , based on lwr estimates for this species & genus - body shape ( ref . 93245 ) .
trophic level ( ref . 69278 ) : 3 . 4 ±0 . 38 se ; based on food items .
resilience ( ref . 69278 ) : medium , minimum population doubling time 1 . 4 - 4 . 4 years ( k = 0 . 17 ; tm = 1 - 4 ) .
vulnerability ( ref . 59153 ) : high vulnerability ( 62 of 100 ) .
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carmona , j . & darwall , w . ( mediterranean workshop , dec . 2004 )
it is restricted to headwaters of streams belonging to the ebro river basin and to several coastal river basins in spain .
it is a small size barbel ( < 220 mm ) , living in the upper part of rivers with cold , rapidly running waters and gravel stony substrate . reproduction takes place between april and june . life span is 5–6 years .
water pollution and extraction and invasive species have been the main threats . dam construction is also destroyng some of the species habitat . desiccation is seen as a major future threat to the species .
listed on annex v of the european union habitats directive as b . copito .
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also known as barbo de cola roja ( barbo colirrojo ) , the catalonian barbel is a small barbel ( cyprinidae ) found in the cold , running waters of mountain streams in the ebro river catchment and several other coastal river basins of catalonia in eastern spain . listed on the iucn red list as vulnerable , it has undergone an estimated population decline of 30 % in the past ten years mainly due to pollution and extraction , introduced species , dam construction and habitat destruction . the iucn states that this decline is likely to continue into the future at the same rate with desiccation cited as being the main threat . the beautiful limestone mountains and green crystal clear waters of the upper matarranya river at el parrissal near beceite is a great place to visit and explore . the area is part of the national park ports de beseit and all swimming is prohibited in order to protect the aquatic life , including an endangered species of crayfish . this video was filmed with an old gopro hero hd camera placed in the shallows at the water edge . the fish were naturally schooling in this area , there was no enticement with baits etc . there will also be an edited version available soon giving more of an idea of this biotope and some of the other creatures that inhabit the area . © greg wallis urltoken
discus , angel fish , and german blue rams . welcome to the beast tank
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disclaimer : itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available , and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties . however , it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes . while every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and up - to - date information available , ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in provisions of treaties to which the united states is a party , wildlife statutes , regulations , and any applicable notices that have been published in the federal register . for further information on u . s . legal requirements with respect to protected taxa , please contact the u . s . fish and wildlife service .
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j aquat anim health . 2009 sep ; 21 ( 3 ) : 189 - 94 . doi : 10 . 1577 / h08 - 054 . 1 .
maceda - veiga a 1 , salvadó h , vinyoles d , de sostoa a .
departament de biologia animal , facultat de biologia , universitat de barcelona , avda , diagonal 645 , e - 08028 barcelona , spain . albertomaceda @ urltoken
archiv für hydrobiologie volume 142 number 1 ( 1998 ) , p . 95 - 110
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to cite this page : myers , p . , r . espinosa , c . s . parr , t . jones , g . s . hammond , and t . a . dewey . 2018 . the animal diversity web ( online ) . accessed at https : / / animaldiversity . org .
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galearctus avulsus is a species of slipper lobster that lives around new caledonia .

it was described in 2011 , having previously been included in galearctus kitanovirosus .

it differs from the other species of the genus galearctus most noticeably in the shape of a groove on the sternum .

galearctus avulsus

taxid : 1008998 galearctus avulsus ( species ) , galearctus avulsus yang , chen & chan , 2011 ( authority ) , galearctus sp . chy - 2011 ( includes ) .
the following term was not found in genome : galearctus avulsus [ orgn ] .
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taxid : 1008997 galearctus rapanus ( species ) , galearctus rapanus ( holthuis , 1993 ) ( authority ) .
taxid : 521337 galearctus kitanoviriosus ( species ) , galearctus kitanoviriosus ( harada , 1962 ) ( authority ) , scyllarus kitanoviriosus ( synonym ) , scyllarus kitanoviriosus harada , 1962 ( authority ) .
taxid : 521364 galearctus timidus ( species ) , galearctus timidus ( holthuis , 1960 ) ( authority ) , scyllarus timidus ( synonym ) , scyllarus timidus holthuis , 1960 ( authority ) .
taxid : 521309 galearctus aurora ( species ) , galearctus aurora ( holthuis , 1982 ) ( authority ) , scyllarus aurora ( synonym ) , scyllarus aurora holthuis , 1982 ( authority ) .
this species was previously misidentified as galearctus kitanoviriosus ( t - . y . chan pers . comm . 2011 ) .
yang , c . ; chen , i . ; chan , t . ( 2011 ) . a new slipper lobster of the genus galearctus holthuis , 2002 ( crustacea , decapoda , scyllaridae ) from new caledonia . zoosystema . 33 ( 2 ) : 207 - 217 . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
id 586272 taxonomy ; de galearctus ( genus ) . pa 59755 ( parent id ) cc authority = galearctus holthuis , 2002 cc - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - cc this entry is a placeholder for the corresponding entry in the ncbi cc taxonomy urltoken cc - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - / /
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has been assessed as least concern . this species has a reasonably broad geographic range and faces no major threats .
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yang , chen & chan , 2011 . accessed at : urltoken ; = 762301 on 2018 - 07 - 09
this species is only known from its type locality on rapa iti , french polynesia : 2736s , 14416w ( holthuis 2002 ) .
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taxid : 59755 scyllaridae ( family ) , slipper lobsters ( genbank common name ) .
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urodeta aculeata is a moth of the family elachistidae .

it is found in cameroon .

the wingspan is about 6.3 mm .

the thorax , tegula and forewing are grey brown , mottled with blackish brown tipped scales .

the hindwings are brownish grey .

adults have been recorded in the beginning of may .

urodeta aculeata

urodeta aculeata sruoga & prins , 2011 , sp . n . - plazi treatmentbank
urodeta aculeata sruoga & de prins , 2011 ; zootaxa 3008 : 4 ; tl : cameroon , north prov . , faro river camp , 08°25 ' n 012°47 ' e , 275m
figures 33 – 36 . urodeta aculeata , sp . n . , holotype . 33 , adult male . scale bar 1 mm ; 34 , head , latero - frontal view ; 35 , general view of male genitalia ( phallus removed ) ; 36 , phallus . gen . prep . mrac / kmma 0 0 601 , specimen id : rmca ent 0 0 0 0 0 5275 . scale bar 0 . 1 mm .
urodela [ = urodeta ] stainton , 1869 ; tineina south . europe : 226 ; ts : urodela [ sic ] cisticolella stainton
type species : urodeta cisticolella stainton , 1869 [ = u . hibernella staudinger , 1859 ] . the tineina of southern europe : 226 . by monotypy .
urodeta absidata sruoga & de prins , 2011 ; zootaxa 3008 : 4 ; tl : cameroon , north prov . , faro river camp , 08°23 ' n 012°49 ' e , 275m
urodeta crenata sruoga & de prins , 2011 ; zootaxa 3008 : 7 ; tl : cameroon , north prov . , faro river camp , 275m , 08°23 ' n 012°40 ' e
urodeta cuspidis sruoga & de prins , 2011 ; zootaxa 3008 : 4 ; tl : cameroon , north prov . , faro river camp , 08°25 ' n 012°47 ' e , 275m
urodeta falciferella ; kaila & sugisima , 2011 , monogr . austr . lepid . 11 : 16 ; de prins & sruoga , 2012 , zootaxa 3488 : 54 ; [ afromoths ]
urodeta faro sruoga & de prins , 2011 ; zootaxa 3008 : 9 ; tl : cameroon , north prov . , faro river camp , 08°23 ' n 012°49 ' e , 275m
urodeta gnoma ; kaila & sugisima , 2011 , monogr . austr . lepid . 11 : 16 ; de prins & sruoga , 2012 , zootaxa 3488 : 55 ; [ afromoths ]
urodeta maculata ; kaila & sugisima , 2011 , monogr . austr . lepid . 11 : 16 ; de prins & sruoga , 2012 , zootaxa 3488 : 55 ; [ afromoths ]
urodeta quadrifida sruoga & de prins , 2012 ; zootaxa 3488 : 48 ; tl : s . africa , gauteng , 1000m , tswaing crater reserve , 26°28 ' s 23°46 ' e
urodeta taeniata ; kaila & sugisima , 2011 , monogr . austr . lepid . 11 : 16 ; de prins & sruoga , 2012 , zootaxa 3488 : 56 ; [ afromoths ]
urodeta tortuosa sruoga & de prins , 2011 ; zootaxa 3008 : 10 ; tl : cameroon , north prov . , faro river camp , 08°23 ' n 012°49 ' e , 275m
urodeta trilobata sruoga & de prins , 2012 ; zootaxa 3488 : 51 ; tl : s . africa , gauteng , 1100m , tswaing crater reserve , 25°24 ' s 28°05 ' e
urodeta acinacella sruoga & de prins , 2012 ; zootaxa 3488 : 48 , 53 ; tl : s . africa , gauteng , 1100m , tswaing crater reserve , 25°24 ' s 28°05 ' e
urodeta acerba sruoga & de prins , 2011 ; zootaxa 3008 : 5 ; tl : democratic republic of the congo , bas - congo , nature res . luki - mayumbe , 05°27 ' s 13°05 ' e , 320m
urodeta bucera sruoga & de prins , 2011 ; zootaxa 3008 : 6 ; tl : democratic republic of the congo , bas - congo , nature res . luki - mayumbe , 05°27 ' s 13°05 ' e , 320m
urodeta talea sruoga & de prins , 2011 ; zootaxa 3008 : 9 ; tl : democratic republic of the congo , bas - congo , nature res . luki - mayumbe , 05°27 ' s 13°05 ' e , 320m
sruoga v . & de prins j . 2012 . a review of the taxonomic history and biodiversity of the genus urodeta ( lepidoptera : elachistidae : elachistinae ) , with description of new species . - zootaxa : 1–22 .
urodeta inusta kaila , 2011 ; monogr . austr . lepid . 11 : 45 , pl . 1 , f . 1 - 2 ; tl : western australia , 163km se by e broome , 18°49 ' s 123°17 ' e
larva on cistus monspeliensis [ me5 ] , 195 , cistus salviaefolius , c . ladaniferus , c . x _ ledon de prins & sruoga , 2012 , zootaxa 3488 : 55
phthinostoma maculata mey , 2007 ; esperiana memoir 4 : 21 , pl . 1 , f . 7 ; tl : namibia , waterberg national park
phthinostoma taeniata mey , 2007 ; esperiana memoir 4 : 22 ; tl : namibia , otavi mts . , varianto farm
[ afromoths ] de prins , j . & de prins , w . , 2013
sangmi lee , richard brown & sibyl bucheli . gelechioidea - a global framework ;
[ maps ] warning ! the maps are automatically generated from the textual information , and the process does not always produce acceptable result ; see about maps for more info .
staudinger , 1859 diagnosen nebst kurzen beschreibungen neuer andalusischer lepidopteren stettin ent . ztg 20 ( 7 - 9 ) : 211 - 259
if you have corrections , comments or information to add into these pages , just send mail to markku savela keep in mind that the taxonomic information is copied from various sources , and may include many inaccuracies . expert help is welcome .
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stainton h . t . 1869 . the tineina of southern europe . - — : i ~ viii , 1–370 .
sruoga v . & de prins j . 2011 . new species of elachistinae ( lepidoptera : elachistidae ) from cameroon and the democratic republic of the congo . - zootaxa 3008 : 1–32 .
sruoga v . & de prins j . 2009 . the elachistinae ( lepidoptera : elachistidae ) of kenya with descriptions of eight new species . - zootaxa 2172 : 1–31 .
mey w . 2007b . microlepidoptera : smaller families . – in mey , w . ( ed . ) the lepidoptera of the brandberg massif in namibia . part 2 . - esperiana memoir 4 : 9–30 .
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sruoga , virginijus & prins , jurate de , 2011 , new species of elachistinae ( lepidoptera : elachistidae ) from cameroon and the democratic republic of the congo , zootaxa 3008 , pp . 1 - 32 : 6
river camp , 275 m , 08° 25 ’n 012° 47 ’e , 04 . v . 2005 , leg . j . & w . de prins . specimen id : rmca
, known from kenya ( for external characters and male genitalia refer to sruoga & de prins 2009 ) . however , the forewing in the new species is without white oblique streak as in
, as both these species have well developed , apically rounded juxta lobes and vesica with few large and numerous small cornuti . these species can be separated most easily by the shape of valva , the number of large cornuti and the very peculiar medial carina of phallus in
) . uncus short . spinose knob of gnathos wider than long , rounded apically . valva short and broad ; sacculus ventrally curved at obtuse angle ; cucullus short and narrow , tapered apically ; transtilla short , strongly sclerotized . ventral shied of juxta large ; juxta lobes well developed , apically bilobed . vinculum ushaped , proximal margin concave . phallus short , as long as valva , with strongly sclerotized narrow streak along ventral margin ; medial carina of phallus long , apically bent ; vesica with 3 large cornuti and two groups of smaller cornuti : basal group with long and very narrow cornuti , medial group with larger ones , slightly different in size .
flight period . the only one known specimen was captured in the beginning of may .
etymology . the species name is derived from the latin aculeatus ( provided with prickles ) in reference to the numerous cornuti .
remarks . in the male genitalia the juxta apically is fused with the phallus , therefore during preparation , if the phallus is removed , the juxta lobes can be separated from the juxta along with the phallus .
figures 1 – 5 . collecting localities of the afrotropical elachistinae species . 1 , cameroon , north province , faro river floodplain ; 2 , drc , bas - congo , mayumbe forest ; 3 , general map indicating collecting sites ; 4 , collecting site in cameroon ; 5 , collecting site in drc .
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boninena callistoderma is a species of air-breathing land snail , a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family enidae .

this species is currently only endemic to haha-jima and ane-jima in the ogasawara islands ( japan ) , having been extirpated from other parts of this archipelago .

boninena callistoderma

boninena leptostraca ( p . b . schmacker & o . böttger , 1891 )
boninena warburgi ( p . b . schmacker & o . böttger , 1891 )
subfamily : buliminusinae - genus : boninena t . habe , 1955 ( db : 6 sp )
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gland , switzerland , 5 july 2018 ( iucn ) – australia’s unique reptiles – including lizards and snakes – face severe threats from invasive species and climate change , with 7 % of th . . .
the value of medicinal and aromatic plant trade has increased three - fold in the past 20 years , but traditional harvesting practices are being replaced by less sustainable alternatives . . . .
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- - - - - - family : enidae b . b . woodward , 1903 ( land ) db counters : genus = 65 , subgenus = 16 , species = 452 , subspecies = 68 ( 225 species and 40 subspecies have images ) db counters include fossil taxa : species = 5 , subspecies = 0
genus : borlumastus a . örstan & m . z . yildirim , 2004 ( db : 1 sp )
genus : coniconapaeus i . abbes , s . nouira & e . neubert , 2009 ( db : 3 sp )
palaeomastus complanatus ( a . e . reuss , 1849 † ) ( fossil )
palaeomastus filocinctus ( a . e . reuss , 1849 † ) ( fossil )
palaeomastus hassiacus ( w . a . wenz , 1919 † ) ( fossil )
subfamily : andronakiinae - genus : andronakia w . a . lindholm , 1913 ( db : 1 sp )
subfamily : buliminusinae - genus : adzharia p . hesse , 1933 ( db : 1 sp )
subfamily : buliminusinae - genus : amimopina t . iredale , 1933 ( db : 1 sp )
subfamily : buliminusinae - genus : buliminus h . h . beck , 1837 ( db : 19 sp )
buliminus djurdjurensis c . m . f . ancey in c . a . westerlund , 1892
subfamily : buliminusinae - subgenus : buliminus ( pene ) p . m . pallary , 1929 ( db : 5 sp )
buliminus ( pene ) sidoniensis ( j . g . f . de charpentier , 1847 )
subfamily : buliminusinae - genus : clausilioides w . a . lindholm , 1925 ( db : 2 sp )
subfamily : buliminusinae - genus : coccoderma o . f . von möllendorff , 1901 ( db : 10 sp )
coccoderma abbreviata ( a . r . j . b . bavay & p . dautzenberg , 1915 )
coccoderma clausiliaeformis ( a . r . j . b . bavay & p . dautzenberg , 1912 )
coccoderma corti ( a . r . j . b . bavay & p . dautzenberg , 1908 )
coccoderma messageri ( a . r . j . b . bavay & p . dautzenberg , 1900 )
coccoderma scaber ( a . r . j . b . bavay & p . dautzenberg , 1912 )
coccoderma tonkiniana ( a . r . j . b . bavay & p . dautzenberg , 1912 )
coccoderma varians ( a . r . j . b . bavay & p . dautzenberg , 1912 )
subfamily : buliminusinae - genus : luchuena t . habe , 1955 ( db : 6 sp )
luchuena nesiotica ( h . a . pilsbry & y . hirase , 1909 )
subfamily : buliminusinae - genus : mirus j . a . albers , 1850 ( db : 18 sp )
subfamily : buliminusinae - genus : omphaloconus c . a . westerlund , 1887 ( db : 1 sp )
subfamily : buliminusinae - subgenus : omphaloconus ( cirna ) p . m . pallary , 1928 ( db : 1 sp )
subfamily : buliminusinae - subgenus : omphaloconus ( kabylia ) p . m . pallary , 1928 ( db : 2 sp )
subfamily : buliminusinae - subgenus : omphaloconus ( mauronapaeus ) w . kobelt , 1899 ( db : 3 sp )
subfamily : buliminusinae - genus : pupinidius o . f . von möllendorff , 1901 ( db : 8 sp )
subfamily : buliminusinae - subgenus : pupinidius ( petraeomastus ) o . f . von möllendorff , 1901 ( db : 4 sp )
pupinidius ( petraeomastus ) breviculus ( o . f . von möllendorff , 1902 )
pupinidius ( petraeomastus ) qii s . y . wang & min wu , 2013
subfamily : buliminusinae - genus : serina p . v . gredler , 1898 ( db : 3 sp )
subfamily : buliminusinae - genus : sesteria j . r . bourguignat , 1884 ( db : 1 sp )
subfamily : buliminusinae - genus : yakuena t . habe , 1955 ( db : 1 sp )
subfamily : chondrulopsininae - genus : chondrulopsina w . a . lindholm , 1925 ( db : 2 sp )
siraphoroides moltschanovi ( i . m . likharev & e . s . rammelmeyer , 1952 )
subfamily : eninae - genus : chondrula h . h . beck , 1837 ( db : 23 sp )
subfamily : eninae - genus : chondrus g . l . c . f . d . cuvier , 1817 ( db : 3 sp )
subfamily : eninae - genus : ena w . e . leach in w . h . turton , 1831 ( db : 15 sp )
subfamily : eninae - subgenus : ena ( caucasicola ) p . hesse , 1917 ( db : 1 sp )
subfamily : eninae - subgenus : ena ( paramastus ) p . hesse , 1933 ( db : 3 sp )
subfamily : eninae - subgenus : ena ( peristoma ) i . krynicki , 1833 ( db : 3 sp )
subfamily : eninae - genus : georginapaeus a . a . schileyko , 1998 ( db : 1 sp )
subfamily : eninae - genus : imparietula w . a . lindholm , 1925 ( db : 7 sp )
subfamily : eninae - genus : jaminia a . risso , 1826 ( db : 11 sp )
subfamily : eninae - genus : mastus h . h . beck , 1837 ( db : 29 sp )
subfamily : eninae - genus : meijeriella r . a . bank , 1985 ( db : 2 sp )
subfamily : eninae - genus : multidentula w . a . lindholm , 1925 ( db : 4 sp )
subfamily : eninae - genus : napaeus j . a . albers , 1850 ( db : 73 sp )
napaeus badiosus ( p . b . webb & s . berthelot , 1833 )
napaeus helvolus ( p . b . webb & s . berthelot , 1833 )
napaeus lajaensis r . garcia del castillo , y . yanes , m . r . alonso & c . m . ibáñez , 2006
napaeus myosotis ( p . b . webb & s . berthelot , 1833 )
napaeus roccellicola ( p . b . webb & s . berthelot , 1833 )
napaeus terverianus ( p . b . webb & s . berthelot , 1833 )
napaeus variatus ( p . b . webb & s . berthelot , 1833 )
subfamily : eninae - subgenus : napaeus ( napaeinus ) p . hesse , 1933 ( db : 9 sp )
napaeus ( napaeinus ) bechi m . r . alonso & c . m . ibáñez , 1993
napaeus ( napaeinus ) esbeltus c . m . ibáñez & m . r . alonso , 1995
subfamily : eninae - genus : zebrina f . held , 1837 ( db : 15 sp )
subfamily : eninae - subgenus : zebrina ( brephulopsis ) w . a . lindholm , 1925 ( db : 4 sp )
zebrina ( brephulopsis ) konovalovae n . gural - sverlova & r . i . gural , 2010
subfamily : eninae - subgenus : zebrina ( napaeopsis ) r . sturany & a . wagner , 1914 ( db : 5 sp )
zebrina ( napaeopsis ) minimus r . a . bank & h . p . m . g . menkhorst , 1992
subfamily : eninae - subgenus : zebrina ( ramusculus ) w . a . lindholm , 1925 ( db : 2 sp )
subfamily : eninae - subgenus : zebrina ( thoanteus ) w . a . lindholm , 1925 ( db : 4 sp )
subfamily : euchondrinae - genus : euchondrus o . böttger , 1883 ( db : 16 sp )
subfamily : euchondrinae - genus : improvisa a . a . schileyko , 1978 ( db : 1 sp )
subfamily : euchondrinae - genus : pentadentula a . n . suvorov , 2006 ( db : 1 sp )
subfamily : euchondrinae - genus : senaridenta a . a . schileyko , 1984 ( db : 1 sp )
subfamily : merdigerinae - genus : merdigera f . held , 1837 ( db : 2 sp )
subfamily : pseudonapaeinae - genus : akramovskiella a . a . schileyko , 1984 ( db : 3 sp )
subfamily : pseudonapaeinae - genus : differena a . a . schileyko , 1984 ( db : 1 sp )
subfamily : pseudonapaeinae - genus : geminula w . a . lindholm , 1925 ( db : 2 sp )
geminula isseliana ( j . r . bourguignat in a . issel , 1865 )
subfamily : pseudonapaeinae - genus : laevozebrinus w . a . lindholm , 1925 ( db : 7 sp )
subfamily : pseudonapaeinae - genus : ljudmilena a . a . schileyko , 1984 ( db : 2 sp )
subfamily : pseudonapaeinae - genus : mastoides c . a . westerlund , 1896 ( db : 3 sp )
subfamily : pseudonapaeinae - genus : nepaliena a . a . schileyko & a . frank , 1994 ( db : 1 sp )
subfamily : pseudonapaeinae - genus : ottorosenia i . v . muratov , 1992 ( db : 2 sp )
subfamily : pseudonapaeinae - genus : pseudochondrula p . hesse , 1933 ( db : 6 sp )
subfamily : pseudonapaeinae - genus : pseudonapaeus c . a . westerlund , 1887 ( db : 33 sp )
subfamily : pseudonapaeinae - subgenus : pseudonapaeus ( aridenus ) a . a . schileyko , 1984 ( db : 1 sp )
subfamily : pseudonapaeinae - subgenus : pseudonapaeus ( siraphorus ) w . a . lindholm , 1925 ( db : 1 sp )
subfamily : pseudonapaeinae - genus : spaniodonta w . kobelt , 1902 ( db : 1 sp )
subfamily : pseudonapaeinae - genus : subzebrinus c . a . westerlund , 1887 ( db : 17 sp )
subzebrinus hazarica ( g . p . l . k . gude , 1914 )
subfamily : pseudonapaeinae - genus : turanena w . a . lindholm , 1922 ( db : 15 sp )
subfamily : pseudonapaeinae - subgenus : turanena ( asuranena ) a . a . schileyko & s . e . moiseeva , 1995 ( db : 11 sp )
turanena ( asuranena ) conicula ( e . c . von martens , 1882 )
turanena ( asuranena ) inversa a . a . schileyko & s . e . moiseeva , 1995
turanena ( asuranena ) margaritae ( a . a . schileyko & s . e . moiseeva , 1989 )
turanena ( asuranena ) martensiana ( e . c . von martens , 1874 )
subfamily : retowskiinae - genus : retowskia o . böttger , 1881 ( db : 1 sp )
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hahajima - oki ; しんかわな - | urltoken | | | creative commons attribution - share alike 3 . 0
view from hahajima - island and the minamizaki tokyo , japan ; しんかわな - | urltoken | | | attribution - sharealike 3 . 0
is the second - largest island of the ogasawara islands or bonin islands south of the japanese main island chain . it is about 21 km
the highest points are chibusayama , ( literally
breast mountain
) , approximately 462 metres ( 1 , 516 ft ) , and sakaigatake , 443 metres ( 1 , 453 ft ) . the largest island of the group , chichijima is located approximately 50 kilometres ( 31 mi ) to the north . together with nearby smaller islands like anejima and imōtojima and mukōjima , hahajima forms the hahajima rettō ( 母島列島 ) , or in former times , the
baily group
.
the island is within the political boundaries of ogasawara village , ogasawara subprefecture , tokyo , japan .
the first european discovery of the bonin islands is said to have taken place in 1543 , by the spanish explorer , bernardo de la torre . hahajima was originally called coffin island or hillsborough island and settled by europeans before becoming part of japan . in world war ii , the japanese government removed the locals and fortified the island ; it was the target of several attacks by us forces during world war ii . what is left of the defense works is now one of the tourist attractions of the island . the island can be reached by ferry in about two hours from chichijima . the economy of hahajima is based on commercial fishing , as well as a state - run rum distillery .
today hahajima has a population of 450 , but the population was 1546 in 1904 and 1905 in 1940 . there is one road from the ( now - abandoned ) village of kitamura ( 北村 ) at the north end of the island to the village of okimura ( 沖村 ) - formerly
newport
at the southern end of the island , where the harbor is located . ogasawara village operates the island ' s public elementary and junior high schools . tokyo metropolitan government board of education operates ogasawara high school1 on nearby chichijima .
hahajima is of considerable interest to malacologists because of its endemic land snail fauna , including the eponymous lamprocystis hahajimana . due to the widespread presence of invasive species including goats ( which destroy habitat ) and rodents , flatworms and the rosy wolfsnail ( which eat the native snails ) , it was feared that many of the endemics had become extinct .
but most if not all of the endemic land snail species seem to persist on the remote higashizaki peninsula on the eastern coast . this is a quite pristine expanse of ground , scenic but very hard to reach ( one has to climb mt . chibusa before descending to the peninsula ) . it consists of sheer seacliffs surrounding a plateau with chinese fan palm ( livistona chinensis ) , pandanus and broadleaf ( e . g . persea kobu , a wild avocado ) forest , and appears to be untouched by invasive species at present . it has been proposed that access to the area should be monitored , so that visitors will not inadvertently contribute to destroying this unique area .
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how can i put and write and define boning in a sentence and how is the word boning used in a sentence and examples ? 用boning造句 , 用boning造句 , 用boning造句 , boning meaning , definition , pronunciation , synonyms and example sentences are provided by ichacha . net .
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