the black-headed gull ( chroicocephalus ridibundus ) is a small gull that breeds in much of europe and asia , and also in coastal eastern canada .

most of the population is migratory and winters further south , but some birds reside in the milder westernmost areas of europe .

some black-headed gulls also spend the winter in northeastern north america , where it was formerly known as the common black-headed gull .

as is the case with many gulls , it was previously placed in the genus larus .

the genus name chroicocephalus is from ancient greek khroizo , " to colour " , and kephale , " head " .

the specific ridibundus is latin for " laughing " , from ridere " to laugh " .

black - headed gull

the black - headed gull is a medium - sized gull and our commonest inland gull .
the black - headed gull is a common gull in europe and is found well inland .
the black - headed gull has a multipurpose body plan . agile in the air , it’s also nimble on the ground and yet quite at home paddling on the water . black - headed gull & great black - headed gull
description : black - headed gull is a widespread species , very noisy and opportunist feeder .
predators and anti - predators of the black - headed gull ( larus ridibundus l . )
a common gull of the old world , black - headed gull is a rare , but regular visitor to eastern north america .
build up your gull id skills by learning to recognise two ideal reference species : common gull and herring gull .
common black - headed gull , chroicocephalus ridibundus ( protonym , larus ridibundus ) , linnaeus , 1766 , also known as the ( northern ) black - headed gull , photographed at cheshire , northwest england , uk .
some aspects of reproductive behavior in the black - headed gull ( larus ridibundus l . ) and related species
seen from a distance or in poor light , the black - headed gull’s chocolate - brown head appears blackish , but the great black - headed gull ( larus ichthyaetus ) has a truly pure - jjr black head . both have white ‘eyelids , ’ but these are more striking in the larger great black - headed gull . its bill is yellow and red , with a narrow black band separating the two colors . its legs and feet are also bright yellow . the great black - headed gull is less common than the black - headed gull , breeding in scattered colonies on coastal marshes and lakes on steppes across central and southern asia . unlike the black - headed gull , most migrate to winter on the caspian sea and indian ocean .
the silver gulls seldom came within 1 metre of the black - headed gull when it was swimming . on the thursday as we initially approached , a silver gull came within half a metre ( or vice versa ) near a corner of the pond . both gulls called and the black - headed gull appeared to peck in the direction of the silver gull . after about 10 or 15 seconds the silver gull moved away . the black - headed gull appeared to be dominant .
common black - headed gull in breeding plumage , paarl bird sanctuary , south africa . [ photo trevor hardaker © ]
krigged density surfaces for black - headed gull , in the breeding season . covers uk waters and uses esas data .
the black - headed gull is one of the few hooded gulls that does not actually have a black head during breeding . its hood is dark chocolate brown .
krigged density surfaces for black - headed gull , in the non - breeding season . covers uk waters and uses esas data .
find out more about black - headed gulls on birdfacts and the wider countryside report .
black headed gulls : licence for retailers and restaurateurs to sell eggs - gov . uk
the black - headed gull is found on lakes , rivers , marshes , estuaries , bogs , moors , seacoasts , and bays .
flight : black - headed gull performs quick and active flight . it also may soar and glide , and it catches flying insects while flying .
get a general licence to sell black - headed gull eggs for human consumption if you ' re a retailer or restaurateur ( licence gl23 ) .
a hooded gull in summer is likely to be the ubiquitous black - headed gull , but there are a couple of other species that sport the same summer finery . would you be able to pick out a little or mediterranean gull from the crowd ?
all year round the adult black - headed gull has silver grey upperparts and white underparts , and dark red bill and legs . the wings have black wing - tips and a white edge along the forewing ( which separates it from the common gull ) .
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[ 0856 ] van dijk et al . ( 2012 ) , new longevity records of black - headed gull , with comments on wear and loss of aluminium rings
black - headed gulls are the commonest inland gull , particularly in n england , scotland and wales . large colonies along the south and east coasts of england .
behaviour : black - headed gull feeds on varied food items such as aquatic and terrestrial insects , earthworms , marine invertebrates , some fish , grains and berries .
black - headed gull sometimes engages in piracy from other seabirds , and may take eggs at terns’ colonies . this species may feed alone or in noisy flocks .
on saturday 19th october 1991 , a local birder brian kane rang the broome bird observatory to report a dark headed gull at the broome sewage ponds , maybe a laughing gull in full breeding plumage . the following are the notes of the observations that i made leading up to the confirmation by the observatory wardens that the gull was in fact a black - headed gull , and the first known sighting in australia .
conservationists , including the rspb , have also expressed concerns over the impact the practice could be having on the black - headed gull population , which is in long - term decline .
the black - headed gull thrives close to humans , as it has learned to exploit the rich feeding provided by agricultural land , dumps and hand - outs in city - center parks .
this licence lets you sell the eggs of black - headed gulls ( chroicocephalus ridibundus ) if you’re a retailer or restaurateur .
the black - headed gull fitted almost all the details that we had for it except for some slight inconsistencies . these included a pale yellow eye ring rather than the whitish colour described . the legs as illustrated were much redder and brighter than the darker legs that we observed . the fact that the black - headed gull is a migrant at this time of year was a factor in its favour .
the black - headed gull ranges throughout most of europe and asia and is the most common gull in the uk , although they have been spotted in eastern canada and the northeastern united states . some populations are migratory . they tend to be found near water , sometimes plunge - diving for small fish in the wake of boats . some sources claim black - headed gulls rarely venture out to sea , which is typical for most gull species , whilst others say they winter at sea .
cantos , f . , a . alonso - gomez , m . delgado . 1994 . seasonal changes in fat and protein reserves of the black - headed gull , larus ridibundus , in relation to migration .
' black headed gull ' hand pulled 8 colour screen print by fiona hamilton . printed on fabriano printmaking paper . paper measures 25cm x 35cm . signed , titled and numbered by the artist . edition of 20 .
voice : black - headed gull is a noisy bird . the usual call is a screaming “karr” or “kreeay” , both high - pitched . we can also hear a sharp “kek - kek” when the bird is feeding .
before the fax arrived to confirm the identification , we had ruled out several species with dark hoods that we knew of because of details such as size ( little gull ) , colour ( franklin ' s gull ) , tail ( sabine ' s gull ) , windows in the primaries ( saunder ' s gull ) , and wing patterns ( laughing gull ) or a combination of many inconsistencies .
black - headed gulls ' eggs , which can sell for up to £5 each , were once the exclusive preserve of aristocrats with coastal estates .
the bird was seen by local birders on the sunday . meanwhile , bruce located a british book by vere benson which opened the possibility of the bird being a black - headed gull , but the information was extremely limited .
stienen , e . , a . brenninkmeijer . 1999 . keep the chicks moving : how sandwich terns can minimize kleptoparasitism by black - headed gulls .
this gull is widespread in britain , in inland areas as well as by the coast ( 5 ) . the black - headed gull is particularly common at inland sites in north england , scotland and wales ( 3 ) . in winter the british population is augmented by birds from continental europe ( 5 ) . this gull has a wide global breeding range that extends through the palaearctic ( 4 ) .
on the bank there appeared to be no interaction between the gulls , even though on the saturday two silver gulls were standing within half a metre of the black - headed gull allowing us a very good comparison of size and colour .
the scarcer mediterranean gull is very similar in appearance , but is a paler grey , lacks the black wing tips , has blood - red bill and legs and a truly black head that extends from the nape into the neck .
diet : black - headed gull feeds on both aquatic and terrestrial insects and invertebrates , some fish , variety of grains and berries . it takes offal from fishing boats and refuse inland . it may steal food from other gulls by harassment .
the black - headed gull is a rare visitor to north america , turning up in small numbers along the northern atlantic coast . records began to increase in the mid - 1900s , and the first nesting attempt was discovered in newfoundland in 1977 .
black - headed gulls are omnivorous birds , consuming insects , small fish and berries . they also eat earthworms and other invertebrates stirred up by plows tilling fields .
we often see black - headed gulls flying overhead , circling on thermals , or flying in search of them , but none have ever landed in the garden .
black - headed gull is territorial as numerous gulls’ species . the size of the territory depends on the size of the species and the number of pairs . during disputes , the dark hood is aggressive feature , whereas the white nape means the submission .
range : black - headed gull breeds in most parts of europe and asia , but also in coastal eastern canada . the most part of populations are migratory and move southwards in winter . but other populations of the westernmost of europe are resident or dispersive .
with a world population of more than three million , the black - headed gull is abundant . it faces no severe threats — the only dangers to nesting birds are flooding , predation of eggs and young by mammals , and egg - harvesting by humans .
nuyets , e . , a . buit , e . van der zee . 1996 . the influence of age on the acquirement of a perch in the black - headed gull ( larus ridibundus l . ) : new data and a review of the literature .
however , conservationists disagree . black - headed gulls have been given an
amber
status by the rspb , meaning it is a species of
conservation concern
.
the black - headed gull is a small gull . it is 13 - 15 inches in length with a wingspan of 39 - 42 inches . it has a red bill , a white belly and breast , a soft - gray back , red legs and feet , and gray wings tipped in black . in breeding season , it has a dark brown face and head . in winter , its head and face are white , and it has a black spot on each side of its head . males and females look alike .
the black - headed gull breeds throughout much of europe and asia , typically in april and may . they construct a shallow scrape on the ground , and line it with a few feathers and vegetation . the female lays 2 - 3 eggs and both parents tend the chicks .
black - headed gulls only have dark heads during the breeding season . during the winter , they have white heads with dark brown smudges on the sides . © moss taylor / bto
reproduction : breeding season starts in late march , and egg - laying occurs in late april and may . black - headed gull nests in colonies of several tens of pairs ( sometimes more ) . nests are built about one metre apart from each other , and they can often touch .
the black - headed gull is found in extreme northeastern canada and in greenland , iceland , and northern europe and asia . it winters in the southern regions of its breeding grounds south to africa and asia . in the united states , it is sometimes found along the atlantic coast in winter .
protection / threats / status : populations of black - headed gulls are important . some declines and increases are observed according to the range , but this species is not threatened at this moment .
the black - headed gull is classified as least concern ( lc ) on the iucn red list ( 1 ) . included in the birds of conservation concern green list ( low conservation concern ) ( 3 ) . receives general protection in great britain under the wildlife and countryside act ( 4 ) .
in europe the black - headed gull is found scavenging in flocks in parks , but it is rarely found in this situation in north america . perhaps this difference is because it usually is found associating with large flocks of bonaparte ' s gulls , which do not eat refuse or scavenge food from people .
groothuis , t . , l . van mulekom . 1991 . the influence of social experience on the ontogenetic change in the relation between aggression , fear and display behaviour in black - headed gulls .
the black - headed gull nests in colonies . the nest is usually a scrape lined with vegetation and shells . the female lays 1 - 3 eggs and incubates them for 22 - 26 days . both parents care for and feed the chicks . the chicks fledge when they are 35 - 42 days old .
prevot - julliard , a . , r . pradel , j . lebreton , f . cezilly . 1998 . evidence for birth - site tenacity in breeding common black - headed gulls , larus ridibundus .
black - headed gulls mainly feed on animal material such as insects and earthworms but they will also take plant material and household waste . rubbish tips can become favoured foraging sites , as can newly ploughed fields .
the black - headed gull is an extremely successful species , adapting to man - made change to its environment very well . the species has to be controlled in some areas as they harass and predate higher risk species . nonetheless , there numbers have declined sharply in recent years and so they are now amber list species of conservation concern .
not really a black - headed bird , more chocolate - brown - in fact , for much of the year , it has a white head . it is most definitely not a ' seagull ' and is found commonly almost anywhere inland . black - headed gulls are sociable , quarrelsome , noisy birds , usually seen in small groups or flocks , often gathering into larger parties where there is plenty of food , or when they are roosting .
black - headed gulls are generally regarded as being one of the easiest gulls to identify . during the breeding season they sport a dark brown head , although during the winter this is reduced to a smudge behind the eye .
on monday , the black - headed gull spent most of its time swimming and feeding . we disturbed it several times by approaching too close . most times it landed on the bank with the silver gulls , or back on the pond . once it flew less than 100m to a shallower pond , and then back again when it was disturbed there .
black - headed gulls were rare inland over 100 years ago . however , they now use inland sites for breeding , roosting and foraging and are the gull species most commonly seen in urban and suburban gardens . inland breeding colonies can range from fewer than 10 pairs to over 20 , 000 and are found throughout the country , including in central london .
juveniles of this small two - year gull species are identified by the reddish plumage on their upperparts and their pale yellow bill with a black tip ( yeah , i know you can ' t see the bill in this picture ) .
male ring ouzels are particularly distinctive with their black plumage with a pale wing panel and striking white breast band .
there are 47 gull species in the family laridae . most gulls have pale plumages ( gray above and white below ) , but the ivory gull ( pagophila eburnea ) is all - white and ross’s gull ( rhodostethia rosea ) has pink underparts . gulls live at sea or in wetland habitats and nest in colonies . relatives include terns in the family sternidae and skuas in the family stercorariidae .
the gull swam with its head held high , frequently dipping its bill presumably to catch small prey near or just below the surface of the water . there were no noticeable mannerisms that indicated if the gull was successful or not . the gull swam laps near one side of the pond of no particular preferred length ( about 1m to 20m were observed ) and reversed direction at no particular place or for any discernible reason . the laps were shorter when we were closer . the gull made none or several dips on each lap .
versatile in feeding . searches for food while walking or swimming , or swoops down to take items from surface while flying ; sometimes catches insects in high flight . black - headed gulls also steal food from each other and from other birds .
in winter , the black - headed gull is found in a wide range of habitats including coastal marshes , farmland , rubbish tips , urban parks , gardens and playing fields ( 5 ) . usual breeding habitats include marshes , ponds , lakes , bogs , gravel pits and dry sites next to water bodies , such as sand - dunes and moorland ( 4 ) ( 3 ) .
black - headed gull are abundant , and expanding their range in europe . the north american waterbird conservation plan estimates a population of 40 breeders , and 400 non - breeders in north america , and lists them as a species of moderate concern . they rate a 15 out of 20 on the continental concern score and are not on the 2014 state of the birds watch list . back to top
despite their name , black - headed gulls don’t have black heads . during the breeding season their heads are dark chocolate brown , and in the winter they are white with dark brown smudges on the side . they have a dark red bill and legs . juveniles have brown shoulders and wing feathers , gradually gaining the adults’ grey / silver coloured wings over a couple of years .
the detailed descriptions in grant ' s paper identify the gull as being in its adult or second ( northern hemisphere ) summer plumage which it has from march to october . this makes it highly likely that the gull will moult into its non breeding winter plumage within the next few weeks .
bruce and i returned at 10 : 30am on the monday . the bird was still there and we stayed for two hours observing from within 15m at times , although i was distracted for about 30 minutes looking at yellow wagtails , etc . bruce took more photos . i spent most of the time updating the notes i made on saturday , and looking for the features mentioned by vere benson such as no windows in the primaries . we now knew that it wasn ' t a laughing gull , and the chances of it being a black - headed gull were improving .
the fax of the paper by grant made the identification very simple . it is described as easily separable from all gulls except the others in this group ( slender - billed , bonaparte ' s , grey - headed and black - headed gulls ) , the best point being the white along the leading edge of the outer wing in flight . the brown hood of summer adults is diagnostic among the west palaearctic gulls .
on thursday , stuart visited the sewage ponds at about 7 : 30am and then picked up the fax . the bird had returned , and he confirmed the details and took some photos . kira , bruce and i had been on a tour , but we visited the sewage ponds at 11 : 15am and observed the gull for 40 minutes . bruce took more photos . we confirmed the white wedge and leading edge on the top of the wing , and the dark patch under the primaries . the fax confirmed what we now knew - that the bird was a black - headed gull .
a small , dark goose - the same size as a mallard . it has a black head and neck and grey - brown back .
on thursday , the gull spent all of its time swimming and feeding . even if it flew when we approached too close , it landed back on the pond .
if the gull stays until march , it will be interesting to see if it returns to the northern hemisphere or stays on longer like the laughing gulls in cairns .
the bbo wardens kira and stuart jackson found the japanese field guide donated by a member of the japanese delegation of the jamba conference held in broome a week earlier . the black - headed gull was shown as a non - breeding migrant to japan ( and further south ) from central asia . the details that we knew matched , but there were also important details that we had not noted , and we did not know if there were any other gulls that might be possible .
the japanese field guide describes the habitat of the black - headed gull as inland waters or coastal . this gull seems to have a definite preference for the sewage ponds , this pond in particular , and even the same side of this pond . there are about 10 ponds at the sewage works , five others which appear to be identical . however , the silver gulls seem to prefer this pond and one other , although most spend their time loafing on the bank . there are many other places around broome where silver gulls congregate in numbers such as the main town oval , cable beach , the pearl coast zoo and near the crab creek mangroves .
response : this is a common black - headed gull , chroicocephalus ridibundus , in winter plumage . gulls are all placed into the taxonomic family , laridae . the smallest species take two years to reach adulthood ( known as
two - year gulls
) , whilst medium - sized species are three - year gulls and the largest species are four - year gulls . juveniles have distinct plumages that correspond to each year , so a skilled birder can determine the age of a young bird .
habitat : black - headed gull frequents marshes , fresh and brackish ponds and lakes for breeding , but some populations may nest is relatively dry sites such as sand dunes and beaches . all year round , this species frequents a wide variety of habitats such as shallow water ( coastal or inland ) , rivers and estuaries . it may be found inland , at fairly low elevation , and within towns and cities if water is available . this species lives from temperate areas to the boreal forest edges of palaearctic .
winter plumage adults , like the individual in this photograph , have a white head with a large dark smudge behind their eyes , red bill and legs and , in flight , their long slender wings show a large white triangle on the upper leading edge . adults in breeding plumage are distinct from all other black - headed ( chroicocephalus ; from the greek chroa for colour and cephalus for head ) gulls because their heads are not black at all ; their head is a rich chocolate brown .
both sexes are similar . juvenile has buff to darker brown markings on the upperparts and upperwing coverts . tail shows black terminal band . bare parts are duller .
this is the gull most frequently seen in urban and suburban gardens and is seldom given a second thought when seen in city centres during winter . in fact this is a fascinating and quite recent development – the first black - headed gulls wintered in central london only 100 years ago . inland breeding colonies range from fewer than 10 pairs up to a staggering 20 , 000 pairs and tend to be associated with old gravel pits and sewage works . we are now in a situation where inland breeding colonies actually outnumber coastal ones .
37–43 cm ; 195–325 g ; wingspan 94–110 cm . two - year gull . the breeding adult has the frontal hood dark chocolate brown to dusky blackish , with blackish border . . .
the identification was hampered by a lack of information for what turned out to be a very easy bird to identify . the observatory would very much appreciate the ( tax deductible ) donation of reference books for the identification of international gulls , seabirds , waders , ducks , etc such as the black - headed gull , garganey , ruff ( reeve ) , little ringed plover and pacific swallow . field guides are a help , but they don ' t describe the many age variations that are possible , or details such as migration .
gardens seem to become more important for black - headed gulls during the coldest winter months of january and february because food is harder to find . however , bto garden birdwatch results show that they are increasingly visiting throughout the year . outside of winter , individuals visiting gardens are often likely to be immature , non - breeding birds from local colonies .
these gregarious birds are usually seen in flocks or small groups ( 3 ) . they feed on worms , other soil invertebrates , scraps , rubbish , carrion and fish ( 3 ) ( 5 ) . during winter , black - headed gulls roost on open water , typically fresh water , although they may occasionally make use of sheltered estuaries ( 5 ) .
burger , j . , gochfeld , m . , kirwan , g . m . , christie , d . a . & garcia , e . f . j . ( 2018 ) . black - headed gull ( larus ridibundus ) . in : del hoyo , j . , elliott , a . , sargatal , j . , christie , d . a . & de juana , e . ( eds . ) . handbook of the birds of the world alive . lynx edicions , barcelona . ( retrieved from urltoken on 9 july 2018 ) .
adult in non - breeding plumage has white head with blackish spots on the ear - coverts and two dusky blurred bands on the crown . reddish bill is black - tipped .
during the early 19th century , black - headed gulls were quite rare . however , a dramatic population increase throughout the 20th century saw their breeding population rise to over 100 , 000 pairs . while their breeding population is still growing , their winter numbers have fallen by over 30 per cent in the last 25 years and they are an amber listed bird of conservation concern .
while most of our breeding population are resident birds , it is estimated that more than two - thirds of black - headed gulls wintering in the uk have come from mainland europe . this migration happens from late summer with earlier arrivals thought to be young birds from western europe . birds often seem to be site - faithful , returning to the same place year after year .
by taking a single egg , the collectors often delay the time it takes for the gull to lay a full clutch until after the spring tides , which would otherwise swamp their nests and destroy the eggs .
is distinguished by its dark brown or grayish - black frontal hood . its eye crescents ( primarily behind the eye ) , neck , and underparts are all white as is the tail . the upper wing coverts , secondaries , inner primaries , and back are gray . the secondaries are tipped with white ; the white outer primaries have black tips and edges . other identifying characteristics of
with caution , the bird could be approached comparatively closely ( between 10m and 15m ) , especially when it was on the water . it did not appear to be disturbed when several pacific black ducks and grey teal took off close by during our initial approach . it also ignored a flock of 40 black kites , even when some kites passed overhead fairly closely ( within 10m ) .
brian had first seen the bird at about 8am . he made a note of many of the details , and then called someone in melbourne who suggested that it could be a laughing gull . brian then rang the observatory .
some recent authors place this species and other “black - headed gulls” in genus ichthyaetus ( see l . ichthyaetus ) . present species originally described as a race of l . melanocephalus , and then known only from one specimen ; subsequently suspected of being an aberrant l . brunnicephalus or a hybrid l . brunnicephalus × l . ichthyaetus . since breeding colonies discovered in 1970 , almost universally considered a distinct species . monotypic .
adaptability is key to the success ^ easily pleased of the black - headed gull , and the colonies prefer fljrt only major habitats that it can’t land near water . exploit at some stage in the year are forests and mountainous areas . breeding colonies are located on flat lowland areas or upland plateaus near calm and shallow freshwater , such as lakes , reservoirs , gravel pits or slow - moving rivers . it also breeds on both fresh - and saltwater marshes and in reedbeds , as well as on drier sites , from sand dunes to moorland . outside the breeding season , the gull flies long distances in search of food . in the north , it moves south in winter . other populations don’t disperse so far ; traveling to sheltered coastal estuaries and man - made habitats , including refuse dumps , sewage plants , gravel pits , farmland , golf courses , parks and even gardens .
in the summer , the adult has a dark chocolate brown head ( but not nape and neck ) , but in the winter it has only a small black smudge to the rear of each eye .
these gulls nest in colonies , within which pairs defend small territories . they will defend these territories from other birds using ritualised displays ( 7 ) . two to three eggs are produced which are incubated for up to 26 days . after a further 35 days the chicks will have fledged ( 3 ) . black - headed gulls are fairly long lived , with a maximum recorded life - span of 32 years ( 3 ) .
in the winter , they often form large flocks , sometimes with other gull species : roosting on lakes and reservoirs at night , feeding on farmland , fields and landfill sites in the daytime , and flying in large formations between the two .
wings in flight . there was a thin black band on the trailing edge of the outer primaries with nothing between . there was a bright white wedge on the leading edge of the primaries joining ( but not as wide as ) the black band . the white continued along the leading edge of the full wing . the remainder of the top of the wing was silver grey . there was a dark patch and smudges underneath the primaries . the remainder of the underneath was whitish .
the common name of this species is inaccurate , as adult black - headed gulls ( larus ridibundus ) have a chocolate - brown head in summer ( 5 ) . in winter , this brown hood retreats and the birds have a largely white head with a dark spot behind the eye ( 5 ) . other distinguishing features include the prominent white leading edge of the upper wing , which is visible from a fair distance , the tern - like slender wings and the reddish coloured bill and legs ( 2 ) . juveniles are different in appearance to adults ; they have ginger - brown coloured upperparts and a yellowish bill with a black tip ( 2 ) . this is a noisy species during the breeding season , producing a loud kwarr call and a short kwup ( 6 ) .
call . the call was very similar to a silver gull , although it could be distinguished when both called together . it probably had a slightly higher tone . it called once while it was preening , a couple of times as it took off , and a few times when the silver gulls were too close when it was swimming .
in the non breeding season its normal range is shown extending southwards to include parts of africa , india , the malay peninsula , sumatra ( but not java , borneo or the philippines ) and japan . it is described as the commonest gull throughout most of its range , so it is somewhat surprising that it has not been sighted in australia before .
it was difficult to approach the gull within 20m when it was on the bank , but i suspect that this was largely because the silver gulls would take off en masse . if you approached very cautiously the silver gulls took off in ones and twos . there were 40 to 100 silver gulls on the bank compared to about 10 at most on the water .
include its red legs and bill , and dark brown eyes . non - breeding adults have a white head , with only some blackish coloring on their nape . juvenile birds are recognized by the beige to darker brown markings on their back and upper wing coverts . also , they have a black terminal tail band . the species is sexually monomorphic .
if you looked for them , there were many small circular ripples on the surface of the water indicating the presence of small insects or other prey . there might possibly have been more near the bank of the pond that the gull prefers , but i made no rigorous comparison . i did not check the other ponds either . the wind did not appear to be a factor as it blew from different directions on the saturday and monday .
on wednesday , mavis russell ( a volunteer at the bbo ) and i returned to the sewage ponds at 4 : 15pm . the gull was not there and had not returned when we left at 5 : 30pm . however , it was low tide and very little else was there either . we met a local who had seen the bird at about 7am that morning . after some problems , the fax of a paper by grant in british birds arrived in the late afternoon but could not be collected .
burger , j . , gochfeld , m . , sharpe , c . j . & garcia , e . f . j . ( 2018 ) . relict gull ( larus relictus ) . in : del hoyo , j . , elliott , a . , sargatal , j . , christie , d . a . & de juana , e . ( eds . ) . handbook of the birds of the world alive . lynx edicions , barcelona . ( retrieved from urltoken on 9 july 2018 ) .
bruce ferry ( the assistant warden ) arranged to meet brian at 3pm , and i was invited along . the bird was there and we observed it from distances ranging from 50m to 20m for a period of 40 minutes before it was disturbed and left the area . the conclusion was that it may be a laughing gull ( based on the limited information in simpson & day ) , but that there were a number of details that did not seem to fit , such as the head colour and wing markings . bruce took a number of photos .
wings when not in flight . the wings were slightly but noticeably greyer than the silver gulls . there was no hint anywhere of any brown . the primaries had black tips without any windows , unlike the silver gulls . the wings crossed in a deep v when the bird was swimming . i can ' t remember if the left or the right wing was usually above the other . the bottom of the wing was sometimes partly tucked into the body feathers when the bird was on the bank .
adult in breeding plumage has dark chocolate - brown frontal hood including head , chin and throat . according to the attitude , this hood seems to vary in size . the neck is white . the upperparts , including back , upperwing coverts , secondary and inner primary feathers are grey . the secondaries are tipped white . the outer primaries are white with black tips and edges . tail is white . the underparts are white ( or with pink wash in norway populations ) . eyes are dark brown , with two white crescents . bill , legs and feet are deep red .
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projects focused on gene expression profiling of ageing and of dietary manipulations of ageing , such as caloric restriction .
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a curated database of ageing and life history information in animals , including extensive longevity records .
the benchmark genome assembly and annotation of the long - lived , cancer - resistant naked mole - rat ( heterocephalus glaber ) .
a high - coverage genome of the bowhead whale ( balaena mysticetus ) , the longest - lived mammal .
analyses using the anage database to study the evolution of longevity and ageing in vertebrate lineages .
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one ringed individual was at least 32 . 9 years of age the last time it was re - identified [ 0856 ] . there is also an anecdotal report of a specimen living 63 years in the faroe islands [ 0444 ] , but its authenticity is dubious .
[ 1143 ] nussey et al . ( 2013 ) , senescence in natural populations of animals : widespread evidence and its implications for bio - gerontology ( pubmed )
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thank you for taking the time to provide feedback on the iucn red list of threatened species website , we are grateful for your input .
cramp , s . and simmons , k . e . l . ( eds ) . 1977 - 1994 . handbook of the birds of europe , the middle east and africa . the birds of the western palearctic . oxford university press , oxford .
ashpole , j , butchart , s . , calvert , r . , ekstrom , j . , malpas , l .
justification : this species has an extremely large range , and hence does not approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the range size criterion ( extent of occurrence < 20 , 000 km 2 combined with a declining or fluctuating range size , habitat extent / quality , or population size and a small number of locations or severe fragmentation ) . the overall population trend is not known but it is not believed to approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the population trend criterion ( > 30 % decline over ten years or three generations ) . the population size is extremely large , and hence does not approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the population size criterion ( < 10 , 000 mature individuals with a continuing decline estimated to be > 10 % in ten years or three generations , or with a specified population structure ) . for these reasons the species is evaluated as least concern .
this species breeds in north - east north america and across much of europe and asia , excluding the north of each continent ( northern scandinavia and north russia ) , and south asia . some populations in north america and the milder areas of europe are resident , with the remaining populations wintering to the south over a large range , encompassing much of the southern coast of asia and europe , and the central and northern coast of africa ( del hoyo
its diet consists predominantly of aquatic and terrestrial insects , earthworms and marine invertebrates ( e . g . molluscs , crustaceans and marine worms ) ( del hoyo
conservation actions underway the following information refers to the species ' s european range only : the species is listed under the african eurasian waterbird agreement . within the eu it is listed on annex ii of the birds directive . within europe it is listed in 43 marine important bird areas . in the eu it is listed in 928 special protection areas . conservation actions proposed the following information refers to the species ' s european range only : management plans established for protected sites , including monitoring and enforcement from disturbance and removal of eggs .
( amended version of 2016 assessment ) . the iucn red list of threatened species 2017 : e . t22694420a111823721 .
to make use of this information , please check the < terms of use > .
on tuesday , stuart phoned raou headquarters in melbourne and asked for details of any relevant gulls to be faxed .
the most noticeable aspect was that the bird never stayed still . on the water , it continually swam back and forth feeding . on the bank , it preened .
on the saturday , the bird was initially swimming with a few silver gulls , but it spent most of its time preening itself amongst a loose flock of silver gulls on the bank between two ponds . it flew back to the pond when we approached closer than 20m , and it eventually left the area altogether .
the preening of its wings and body was mostly with its bill , although on one occasion it scratched its head with its right foot . we mostly saw it preening on the saturday when we were more concerned about the details of identification rather than its behaviour .
size . when the bird was on the bank , it was approximately the same size as the silver gulls that were very close to it , or very slightly smaller if there was any difference . however , when it was swimming it appeared slightly but noticeably larger than the silver gulls , but this may have been because of its more upright posture .
head . the head was a dark chocolate brown colour mostly , although the forehead and down to the bill was lighter . the line of the edge of the hood was distinct . from the rear it was level with the eyes . from the side , the line was slightly more vertical than diagonal . from the front , the line could be clearly seen below the throat . also from behind when it was swimming , the neck appeared much thinner than the head , probably because of its upright posture .
eye ring . the bird had a pale yellow or cream coloured eye ring , although the front half ( or part of it ) was often not apparent . the eye was dark .
bill . the bill was a very deep red colour , and was similar in shape and size to the silver gulls . there was no significant difference in the colour of the tip of the bill .
legs . the legs were also a very deep red colour , very similar to the darkest leg colour of the silver gulls . they were a similar length to the silver gulls . the legs did not quite extend to the end of the tail in flight .
body . the back of the head , the front and the belly were a clean white . from memory the colour of the back in flight was silver grey , but it might have been white .
tail . the tail was a clean white above and below in flight . it was very slightly rounded and was occasionally fanned wider . the underneath of the tail appeared discoloured when the bird was swimming , but this was due to the reflection of the colour of the water .
gape . the inside of the mouth was a bright red when it opened its bill to call .
its breeding distribution is shown extending from central and southern europe ( including the uk ) through to central continental asia but not including japan .
broome is one of the most important sites in the world for migratory birds . in particular , october is near the end of the arrival of hundreds of thousands of migratory waders from the northern hemisphere representing over 30 species including asian dowitchers , redshanks and broad - billed sandpipers . october is also the beginning of the arrival of other species such as dollarbirds , yellow wagtails and barn swallows .
the sewage ponds in particular have been the site of uncommon sightings in the past at this time of year such as wood sandpipers , long - toed stints , gallinago spp snipe , little ringed plovers , garganey and a ruff ( or reeve ) .
it is therefore not surprising that a vagrant from asia or europe should be found in broome , especially at this time of the year .
please note that the gate to the sewage ponds is kept chained and locked by the local water authority . you should get permission from them before visiting . however , the wardens of the broome bird observatory have been given a key and have permission to take groups to the sewage ponds . they also have permission to visit many places on the roebuck plains cattle station which is otherwise off limits .
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seagull eggs , a delicacy highly sought after by the nation ' s top restaurants , could soon be off the menu because of a shortage of collectors .
they are now a staple of top restaurants such as wiltons , le gavroche , the ivy and le caprice , gentlemen ' s clubs such as white ' s , brooks ' s and boodle ' s , and are also sold at harrods and fortnum and mason .
the eggs are growing in popularity and around 40 , 000 eggs a year are sold in the uk . but suppliers say the industry could soon disappear .
there are about 25 people who have a licence to collect the eggs but sources in the industry say that only around a third of these , all over retirement age , are still actively involved .
natural england will only grant licences to people with a
traditional claim
, meaning that there is little chance of new collectors entering the market .
steven downey , who supplies about three - quarters of the seagulls ' eggs sold in the uk each year through his company , chefdirect , said :
given that there seems to be a reluctance to issue new licences to people , it is something that will die out .
i know the pickers are finding it harder and harder to get licences . it feels a bit like the arguments over foxhunting . and if attitudes don ' t change , we will lose them .
the eggs are traditionally eaten hard - boiled , with celery salt , but as they have become increasingly fashionable , so chefs have experimented more with them .
at le gavroche , in central london , this year , they will be served poached , either with artichokes , smoked salmon and caviar , or with chicken , truffles and foie gras .
emmanuel landré , manager at the restaurant , said :
at the beginning , many people are alarmed to be eating seagulls ' eggs . it is not something you expect to eat . but they are always very happy with them at the end .
it is a very , very popular food . it makes a huge impact . i had never heard about it when i was in france . there are very strict regulations governing it . we have been serving seagulls ' eggs for 40 years and i don ' t see why we should change .


saumarez ( foaled 28 march 1987 in great britain ) is a thoroughbred racehorse who won france 's most prestigious race , the prix de l'arc de triomphe in 1990 .

saumarez ( horse )

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crillon was sired by saumarez out of the dam shangrila crillon was foaled on 01 of august in 1996 .
welcome to horseracing . com . au , australia ' s premier site for horse racing news .
“he was the perfect racehorse , a beautiful horse with a terrific action . speed , class and a super - intelligent horse to go with it – he had it all . ” aidan o’brien
1st dam : funsie by saumarez . unraced . dam of 10 foals , 6 to race , 3 winners :
only the third horse since nijinsky to land the guineas / derby double following nashwan and sea the stars .
byword’s female line descendants , notably peacetime ; horse chestnut & bodrum ( and sisters ) ; cherry pepper & daughters .
crillon is a 20 year old bay horse . crillon is trained by e c cowan , at mackay and owned by .
the strapline on this article describes charles saumarez smith as the
new
director of the national gallery . he was appointed in 2002 .
rainbow quest ( spectrum , saumarez ) and his sire blushing groom ( jallad , kabool , our casey’s boy , waldoboro , lundy’s liability , comic blush , etc . ) .
over the last few years , the military collection has been acquiring water - colors and drawings by gerald le marchant saumarez . this talented artist was born in cheltenham , gloucestershire , england , in june 1859 , the son of colonel john st . vincent saumarez , 3rd baron de saumarez and margaret antoinette northey . he came from a long line of guernsey military heroes the most notable being james saumarez , 1st baron de saumarez ( 1757–1836 ) who was second in command to nelson at the battle of the nile . gerald himself enlisted in the 3rd battalion of the east kent regiment as a lieutenant at the age of 22 in march 1882 . although he had a very short army career of less than 2 years , he was with the buffs in egypt in the year he enlisted . he resigned his commission in december 1883 . during the first world war , he saw service in france as a lieutenant although by now he was fairly advanced in years . he died a bachelor in london on 16 june , 1941 aged 81 and was buried in brompton cemetery .
eh gombrich ' s simple yet rigorous guide the story of art inspired charles saumarez smith as a student . years later , and the new director of the national gallery , he finds the work as essential as ever
mossborough ( dupont , casey tibbs , centenary , kabool , saumarez , spectrum , tobe or nottobe ) and other strong backgrounds of the mare selene ( fort wood , kabool , forli , mares from the e - family , etc . ) .
i was asked to give a talk this morning to an all - staff meeting held in the ra schools . i found myself admiring the cast of a horse which half dominates the space in an unobtrusive manner and wondering about its history . the students in the schools were required to draw from the antique . hence the presence of large numbers of casts of statues from the antique . then they graduated to drawing from the living model . i don’t know if they were also expected , like stubbs , to know and understand the anatomy of a horse . and i haven’t been able to find out much about the history of the horse , apart from the fact that it is sometimes thought – presumably wrongly – to be a cast of copenhagen , wellington’s horse at waterloo ; and that it was given to the schools in 1919 by f . w . calderon , who ran a school of animal painting : -
all the latest horse racing form , betting odds , news , breeding , jockey and trainer information for french connection ( nzl ) . french connection ( nzl ) is a gelding born in 2008 september 8 by volksraad out of plaza doree
saumarez ( gb ) dkb / br . h , 1987 { 16 - a } dp = 16 - 0 - 18 - 10 - 4 ( 48 ) di = 1 . 09 cd = 0 . 29 - 9 starts , 5 wins , 1 places , 0 shows career earnings : $ 1 , 398 , 326
laura is a keen horsewoman , and has owned her own horses for fifteen years . her two pro bono activities are equine related – the british equestrian federation and ebony horse club in brixton – giving her experience of a wide range of equine issues and understanding of related governance in charitable and governing body sectors .
- saumarez - storoen ( mtoto ) , 4 wins , 211 500 ff . - balliol boy ( nashwan ) , 1 win , 3rd thresher classic trial ( gr . 3 ) , 4th tripleprint derby trial st . ( gr . 3 ) , 4th derby italiano ( gr . 1 ) - caxton star ( soviet star ) , 6 wins , 3rd grand handicap de deauville and 830 982 ff .
dalmary ( simon’s hoes ) female line descendants , notably sadler’s wells ( fort wood , horse chestnut , casey tibbs , cherry pepper , etc . ) , nureyev ( caesour , wolfhound , tobe or nottobe , var , parade leader , etc . ) , fairy king ( tara’s halls , second empire ) , golden thatch ( goldmark ) , waterville lake , thatching , etc .
he ran his last race in paris at the prix des arc de triomphe . dylan thomas won this event at odds of 11 / 2 . authorized heavily backed and sent off at evens was never in contention to win the race , taking the wide outside route . frankie dettori ' s words as he dismounted were
this was not the same horse i ' m used to riding
.
authorized was foaled on 14 february 2004 and was sired by montjeu , winner of the irish derby , prix du jockey club and prix de l ' arc de triomphe in 1999 and the king george vi and queen elizabeth stakes in 2000 . authorized’s dam , the unraced funsie , was sired by saumarez , winner of the prix de l ' arc de triomphe in 1990 . funsie is owned by the irish jockey mick kinane , who is one - third of the partnership which bred authorized . kinane would go on to ride against authorized in the 2007 epsom derby , finishing last on archipenko .
authorized retired as a racehorse on wednesday 10 october just a few days after his disappointing race in paris . trainer of authorized chapple - hyam hailed the son of montjeu as
the king
. chapple - hyam :
authorized is the king . he is the best horse i ' ve ever trained and i ' ll never forget him .
he continued :
he goes with the best wishes of everyone connected to the yard and i ' m sure he ' ll be a big success as a stallion . i look forward to one day hopefully training his progeny ,
he told peterchapplehyam . com .
i was given my copy of ernst gombrich ' s the story of art , first published in 1950 , when i was 15 . i was studying for history of art a level and the person with whom i was sharing a study at school rightly thought that it might be useful . it has travelled with me ever since , alongside art and illusion and norm and form and gombrich ' s other collected writings , beginning with meditations on a hobby horse and including his brilliant short essay , in search of cultural history . they all still sit in my office on the top shelf , the cornerstone of my art historical library .
9 races , 5 wins and placed 3 times . won 7 467 024 ff .
at 3 : prix de l ' arc de triomphe ( gr . 1 - 12 f ) grand prix de paris ( gr . 1 - 10 f ) , prix du prince d ' orange ( gr . 3 - 10 f ) , aldborough st . ( ripon - 8 f ) , harvester graduation st . ( sandown - 8 f ) , 2nd dee st . ( l . ) , 5th breeders ' cup turf ( gr . 1 - belmont - 12 f )
stretarez - prix vicomtesse vigier ( gr . 2 ) , de barbeville ( gr . 3 ) , ormonde stakes ( gr . 3 ) , prix right royal ( l . ) steward - grand prix de chantilly ( gr . 2 ) , grosser preis der wirtschaft ( gr . 2 ) , grand prix de vichy ( gr . 3 ) , prix d ' hédouville ( gr . 3 ) loxias - prix jean de chaudenay ( gr . 2 ) , coupe des 3 ans ( l . - lyon , derby de l ' ouest ( l . ) , le lion d ' angers , 2nd prix d ' hédouville ( gr . 3 ) , 3rd grand prix de saint - cloud ( gr . 1 ) belcore - grosser müller brot preis ( gr . 2 ) silver fun - prix de malleret ( gr . 3 ) katun - prix de barbeville ( gr . 3 ) , 2nd prix de barbeville ( gr . 3 ) maroussie - prix fille de l ' air ( gr . 3 ) luna mareza - prix corrida ( gr . 3 ) sacred fire - prix du fonds européen de l ' elevage ( l . ) supreme commander - prix isonomy ( l . ) fuenji - prix ronde de nuit ( l . ) toto le heros - premio botticelli ( l . ) mayaro - grand prix de marseille ( l . ) , prix vulcain ( l . ) , prix lord seymour ( l . ) crillon - prix denisy ( l . ) , 2nd prix jean de chaudenay ( gr . 2 ) , foy ( gr . 2 ) , d ' hédouville ( gr . 3 ) , 3rd prix vicomtesse vigier ( gr . 2 ) rainer - premio principe amadeo ( l . )
rippling ring , 3rd south african derby ( gr . 1 ) soreze , 3rd prix gladiateur ( gr . 3 ) gloirez , 2nd prix du carrousel ( l . ) , 3rd prix de barbeville ( gr . 3 ) coventgarden , 3rd prix lord seymour ( l . )
in jumping races philastre - prix maurice gillois ( st . - gr . 1 ) , prix finot ( hurdles ) , jean granel ( h . ) , général donnio ( st . ) , 3rd prix hypothèse ( h . - gr . 3 ) baleare - prix prince d ' ecouen ( h . - l . ) , christian de tredern ( h . ) , 2nd prix de besançon ( h . - l . ) , 3rd prix dawn run ( h . - l . ) , jean bart ( h . - l . ) le prestigieux - prix rose or no ( l . ) , 5th grande course de haies de printemps ( gr . 3 )
irish dude - 4th gran premio di merano ( gr . 1 ) goldrez - prix hardatit ( h . ) passy - secret d ' etat
6 wins . prix de l ' arc de triomphe ( gr . 1 ) , coronation cup ( gr . 1 ) , 2nd irish derby ( gr . 1 ) , dewhurst st . ( gr . 1 ) , eclipse st . ( gr . 1 ) , craven st . ( gr . 3 ) , 3rd prix du jockey - club ( gr . 1 ) , 2000 guineas ( gr . 1 ) king george vi and queen elizabeth st . ( gr . 1 ) .
1st dam fiesta fun , 4 wins , 3rd yorkshire oaks ( gr . 1 ) , hoover mile ( gr . 3 ) . dam of 6 winners :
- isabelle sharp , 2 wins , 3rd molecomb st . ( gr . 3 ) . broodmare . - chirac , swedish derby ( l . ) , 2nd jockey - klibbens jubileumslopning ( l . )
- carniola , 4 wins , prix rose de mai ( l . ) and 335 000 ff . broodmare .
2nd dam antigua 1 win , galtres st . ( l . ) . dam of 8 winners :
- cedar grove ( relko ) 2 wins . sire . - anegada ( welsh pageant ) , unplaced . dam of :
- john french , 5 wins , gordon st . ( gr . 3 ) , 3rd benson and hedges gold cup ( gr . 1 ) , princess of wales st . ( gr . 2 ) and won 58 034 pounds . sire in australia . - anacreonte , 6 wins , 3rd premio firenze ( l . ) - flamingo pond , 3 wins , 2nd radley st . ( l . ) , 3rd virginia st . ( l . ) . broodmare . - ruffling point , injured . dam of :
- brother in law 2 wins , 2nd prix de suresnes ( l . )
- derrylin ( derring do ) , 6 wins , horris hill st . ( gr . 3 ) , ascot 2000 guineas trial ( gr . 3 ) , greenham st . ( gr . 3 ) , clarence house st . ( l . ) , washington singer st . ( l . ) . sire . - fiesta fun ( welsh pageant ) , see above . - treasure hunter ( full of hope ) 10 wins , 45 683 pounds in flat and jumping races .
3rd dam nassau 5 wins , lonsdale produce st . ( l . ) , doncaster produce st . ( l . ) , princess st . ( l . ) , 2nd cherry hinton st . ( gr . 3 ) , 3rd king george st . ( gr . 3 ) , 4th queen mary st . ( gr . 3 ) . dam of 6 winners :
- andros ( borealis ) , 8 wins in gb and denmark ( doncaster produce st . ) . sire . - cuba ( hyperion ) , 3 wins . dam of :
- fidel 4 wins , newbury autumn cup hdp . ( l . ) . sire . - julieta 2 wins , orleans nursery hdp . ( l . ) . dam of winners . - maracas , placed . dam of :
- morgan 21 wins , premio giacomo ( l . ) - havana , unplaced , 2nd dam of edelito 4 wins , gran premio nacional derby ( gr . 1 ) , gran premio criadores national ( gr . 1 ) in uruguay ; legador , premio ensayo ( gr . 2 ) in uruguay .
- murrayfield 9 wins , coventry st . , 3rd dewhurst st . , sussex st . sire .
2nd dam of : select prince 4 wins , champagne st . ( gr . 1 ) in australia . sire .
- st lucia ( alycidon ) , 2 wins , coronation st . ( gr . 2 ) , lancashire oaks ( gr . 3 ) , 2nd cheshire oaks ( gr . 3 ) , princess royal st . ( gr . 3 ) , 4th yorkshire oaks ( gr . 1 ) . dam of :
- executor 10 wins , tattersalls nursery hdp . ( l . ) , 2nd prince of wales ' s st . ( gr . 2 ) , 3rd duke of york st . ( gr . 3 ) - relcia 1 win , 3rd ribblesdale st . ( gr . 2 ) , 4th princess elizabeth st . ( l . ) . dam of :
- reltop , 1 win . dam of fugitiva , 3 wins in spain , 2nd premio banesto ( oaks - gr . 1 ) , premio ricardo ruiz - benitez de lugo ( l . ) ; brother patrick , 2 wins , 3rd horris hill st . ( gr . 3 ) , 4th solario st . ( gr . 3 ) , italian derby ( gr . 1 ) ; macho boy , 2 wins , 4th solario st . ( gr . 3 ) ; summit , 2 wins , 3rd queen ' s vase ( gr . 3 )
- ho han wai , 3 wins , prix corrida ( gr . 3 ) . dam of winners .
- tobago ( borealis ) , 8 wins , 2nd oxfordshire st . ( gr . 2 ) , 3rd white rose st . ( gr . 3 ) . sire . - antigua ( hyperion ) , see above .
breeder : mrs e longton ( gb ) winnings : 9 starts : 5 - 1 - 0 , $ 1 , 398 , 326 at 3 : 1º prix de l´arc de triomphe ( fr - g1 , 12f , t ) , grand prix de paris ( fr - g1 , 12f , t ) , prix du prince d ' orange ( fr - g3 , 10f , t ) ; 2º dee stakes ( gb - l , 10f , t ) raced in england , france , ireland and usa champion 3 - year - old colt in france . at stud in 1991 ; stands at haras du quesnay . in 2001 at stud at odessa stud in ceres , western cape , south africa . died 2012 . ( close )
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winx ' s staying power as one of the world ' s top rac . . .
t . j . comerford , assistant trainer for aidan o ' brie . . .
color : dkb / br height : 1 . 62m ( gb ) . died 2012 ( close )
early favourite to take out saturday’s group 1 $ 1 , 000 , 000 robert sangster stakes ( 1200m ) in adelaide , local hope viddora has come up trumps with barrier one in the morphettville feature .
the world’s best racehorse , winx , has been celebrated by the australian turf club ( atc ) getting the warwick stakes renamed in her honour .
the championships day 2 results will be known shortly and you can stay up to date with all the news at horseracing . com . au .
open an account with betfair and bet at least €5 at min odds of 1 / 5 on the sportsbook . win or lose betfair match your first bet up to €50 . free bet stakes not returned
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sky sports news takes you through all of the day ' s racing news , plus alex hammond ' s tip of the day .
follow the latest from the written press with the best gossip and speculation from the papers .
sky has launched a pub finder for eager fans wanting to find a venue to watch sky sports .
get a sports star to visit your old secondary school as part of our free schools initiative .
how right you are ! the cast has been a hugely neglected element of art education for too long .
of course the v & a has wonderful casts , though not many of humans and animals , and the ashmolean has a very fine collection but , like taxidermy , the cast hafallen from grace somewhat . let’s hope the new ra schools will re - establish it .
the best derby winner standing in france who is now a proven g1 sire . a g1 winner from 8 - 12f , he’s sired g1 horses from 8 - 15f including g1 winners ambivalent and seal of approval plus hartnell in australia .
by montjeu ( 1996 ) prix de l’arc de triomphe ( g1 ) , etc . sire of 1 , 499 foals aged three and up , including authorized , bracelet , camelot , chicquita , fame and glory , frozen fire , gallante , green moon , hurricane run , jan vermeer , joshua tree , jukebox jury , leading light , masked marvel , montare , montmartre , motivator , offer , pour moi , recital , scorpion , speed gifted , st nicholas abbey , tavistock , etc .
empowered ( c fasliyev ) 3 wins ( 10f - 12f ) at 3 and 4 .
2nd dam : vallee dansante by lyphard . winner ( 8f ) . dam of 9 winners :
brooklyn’s dance ( f shirley heights ) 3 wins at 2 and 3 , prix cleopatre ( g3 ) . dam of :
solemia ( f poliglote ) prix de l’arc de triomphe ( g1 ) , prix corrida ( g2 ) , 2nd prix du conseil de paris ( g2 ) , 3rd prix vermeille ( g1 ) .
prospect park ( c sadler’s wells ) la coupe de maisons - laffitte ( g3 ) , 2nd prix du jockey club ( g1 ) .
never green ( f halling ) prix occitanie . grandam of : soustraction ( f lope de vega ) prix d ' aumale ( g3 ) , 2nd prix vanteaux ( g3 ) , 3rd prix saint - alary ( g1 ) .
brooklyn’s storm ( f storm cat ) winner . dam of : pollara ( f camelot ) prix de royaumont ( g3 ) . grandam of : silasol ( f monsun ) champion two - year - old filly in france , prix saint - alary ( g1 ) , prix marcel boussac ( g1 ) .
princesse dansante ( f king’s best ) winner at 3 , prix joubert . dam of :
krissante ( f kris ) winner at 2 , 2nd prix saraca , prix la sorellina . dam of :
quest of fire ( f rainbow quest ) winner at 3 . dam of :
quila ( f unfuwain ) winner at 2 . dam of : quijano ( g acatenango ) grosser preis von baden ( g1 ) , gran premio di milano ( g1 ) , twice .
3rd dam : green valley by val de loir . unraced . dam of 13 winners :
green dancer ( c nijinsky ) poule d’essai des poulains ( g1 ) , observer gold cup ( g1 ) , prix lupin ( g1 ) . champion sire .
val danseur ( c nijinsky ) golden gate h ( g2 ) , 3rd sunset h ( g1 ) . sire .
ercolano ( c sir ivor ) prix du lys ( g3 ) , prix d ' iena . sire .
soviet lad ( c nureyev ) prix de pontarme , 2nd bernard baruch h ( g1 ) . sire .
alhaarth ( c unfuwain ) champion two - year - old colt in europe , dewhurst s ( g1 ) . sire .
dhelaal ( f green desert ) unraced . dam of : makfi ( c dubawi ) champion three - year - old colt in europe , 2 , 000 guineas ( g1 ) , prix jacques le marois ( g1 ) . sire .
, 8f , newbury , beating charlie farnsbarns , medicine path , eagle mountain , thousand words , sunshine kid , regime , petara bay , drumfire .
, 12f , epsom , by 5l , beating eagle mountain , aqaleem , lucarno , soldier of fortune , salford mill , kid mambo , yellowstone , acapulco , admiralofthefleet , mahler , anton chekhov , regime , petara bay , strategic prince , archipenko .
, 10½f , york , beating dylan thomas , notnowcato , duke of marmalade , asiatic boy , hattan , song of hiawatha .
, 10½f , york , by 4l , beating raincoat , al shemali , adagio .
, 10f , sandown , to notnowcato , beating george washington , yellowstone , admiralofthefleet , kandidate , archipenko , champerey .
all nine of darley ' s stallions in france will be on show at haras du logis on sunday 21 january from 10 . 30am - 4pm .
all nine of the darley stallions in france will be on show on sunday , 21 january as haras du logis throws open its doors to visitors from 10 . 30am - 4pm as part of normandy’s route des etalons .
pounamu has established himself as one of the form horses of western australian racing , adding the g2 van heemst stakes to a pair of major victories earlier this summer .
pounamu produced one of his typical storming finishes to account for a high - class field in the g1 kingston town classic at ascot , western australia , on 9 december .
authorized enjoyed a superb day on saturday , 4 november when he recorded an outstanding three black type winners .
the darley stallions have enjoyed another outstanding year on the racecourse , siring 24 g1 winners around the world in 2017 . iffraaj ' s champion miler ribchester heads the line up of new stallions for 2018 .
european champion miler ribchester will stand at kildangan stud for €30 , 000 in 2018 .
multiple g1 winner hartnell returned to racing with a bang on 19 august , producing a brilliant performance at caulfield to win the g2 p b lawrence stakes over seven furlongs .
dating back to the 1700s , ascot’s royal meeting is one of the centrepieces of the summer social calendar and the highlight of the year for the berkshire racecourse .
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just as the sibaya yearling sale appears to show a rise in quality offered , so are the entries for the sibaya broodmare sale of higher calibre than we remember from previous years . with the breeding industry facing an apparent shortage of quality mares , there will no doubt be fierce competition for the more promising mares amongst the 58 lots on offer . karel miedema takes a look at their pedigrees , in sire order .
al mufti ( 32 ) sonora blair is a half sister to 9 winners including highclass travis mcgee and countess michelle . for the pedigree minded , their grandam dance away is inbred 3x3 to davy gordon , himself an inbred stallion , 4x3 to ayrshire’s son symington . davy gordon’s sire mr jinks appears three times in dance away . the common factors between the sires of travis mcgee and countess michelle are nashua , count fleet and raise a native – which are elements close - up in a major sire : mr prospector . take that one back to sonora blair together with al mufti’s affinity - mate buckpasser and you might be cooking . a sire like seeking the gold ( in lecture ) has them both . lecture has 22 lines of ayrshire in his background as well , nine from seeking the gold . pedigrees can be fun !
result of enquiries ( j . o’shea , j . osborne and l . cumani ) heard by the disciplinary panel on thursday 2 february
in absence – john o’shea 1 . the disciplinary panel of the british horseracing authority on 2 february 2017 held an enquiry to establish whether or not john o’shea , a licensed trainer , …
the main role of the bha’s board is to provide strategic leadership and direction , and assist the executive in delivering the bha’s nine strategic objectives . the board is comprised of twelve directors and meets eight times per year .
nick rust has over 27 years of experience in the betting and gaming industry , and joined the bha from ladbrokes plc , where he was managing director , retail , in january 2015 . in his previous role he had oversight of around 2 , 500 betting shops and 13 , 000 staff . he re - joined ladbrokes in 2011 , having started at the firm as a cashier in 1987 , and held roles at bskyb between 2002 and 2007 , including as managing director of skybet , and at gala coral from 2007 to 2010 , including as managing director , remote gambling and coral retail . he has extensive experience in industry and corporate affairs , having managed key relationships with government and regulators . nick oversaw the establishment of british racing’s tripartite structure through the members’ agreement , an industry - wide strategy for growth and replacement of the horserace betting levy , and has excellent relationships across british racing . nick is also a non - executive director of york theatre royal .
andrew merriam is a qualified chartered accountant with more than 30 years’ experience in financial services and banking and 10 years’ experience running the bradfords group , the leading privately - owned supplier of building materials in the uk . andrew is a chairman and a director with a number of other companies , including a director of fakenham racecourse , as well as a trustee of racing to school , retraining of racehorses and the british racing school . andrew is also an independent director and chairman of the point - to - point authority board , as well as chairman of the bha’s rules committee , the stewarding and disciplinary policy committee and the audit committee . he was previously a chairman of the disciplinary panel and a member of the regulatory committee .
andrew has acted as a racecourse steward at newmarket , cheltenham , fakenham , southwell and yarmouth . andrew merriam was elected to the jockey club in 1997 . he is chairman of jockey club estates and was appointed a steward , for the second time , in 2008 .
andrew owns and breeds national hunt horses to race under rules and in point - to - points .
an experienced non - executive director in sports organisations , atholl spent nearly 25 years with the bbc , initially as a journalist and tv news and sports producer , before rising to be head of news and current affairs for the bbc in scotland . he spent four years as director of corporate affairs with scottish water and since 2011 has been executive director of icas , the professional body of chartered accountants . atholl sits on numerous advisory boards , has worked with the government on various business issues and has good knowledge of sports administration and governance . he was a non - executive director of sportscotland for nine years , sat on the scottish sports council trust and currently sits on the board of the hibernian football club community foundation . atholl has been a regular race goer for more than 35 years and is a member of the caledonian racing society .
julie harrington has considerable knowledge and experience in british horseracing as a result of her eight year career with northern racing . her final appointment was as operations director and prior to that she was managing director of uttoxeter racecourse .
julie’s early career was with whitbread inns as regional marketing director and then with british airways as retail sector director . previously st george’s park managing director , operations director across the fa’s sites in burton - upon - trent and at wembley stadium , and is now the chief executive officer of british cycling .
nöel harwerth and her husband are former breeders who now buy yearlings in britain and ireland and race in britain . nöel is active in both british and us racing and is involved with the national museum of racing and hall of fame .
she was previously a government appointee on the board of the tote and is currently nonexecutive director on a number of high profile financial services organisations , including standard life plc , ge capital bank limited and london metal exchange . from 1998 to 2003 nöel was the chief operating officer of citibank international and prior to that served as the chief tax officer of citigroup , dun & bradstreet corporation and kennecott copper corporation . she is also a qualified solicitor .
as the ceo of sports gaming limited , a london - based management consultancy to the gaming industry , joe has for the past 15 years advised and worked closely with lotteries , governments , investment banks and operating companies on strategy , operational restructuring , finance and merger and acquisition . he continues to work with the ontario lottery as a internet gaming expert , helping them move their land - based operations online . in 2012 joe co - founded bede gaming ltd , a provider of technology to the online casino and bingo industries , and one of the fastest growing companies in the north - east . bede gaming is licensed by the uk gambling commission and other international regulatory bodies . joe has an mba from the wharton school of finance , university of pennsylvania , where he was a thouron scholar . joe has a deep rooted passion and understanding of horseracing , having been an avid follower of the industry since the age of eight . he was on the jockey club graduate programme and worked at the racing post . over the past 20 years he has been a regular race goer and has been to more than 200 tracks around the world . he has written extensively about horseracing and gambling for a variety of publications , including the financial times , the times , the telegraph , and bloomberg .
rupert arnold has been the chief executive of the national trainers federation , the representative body for licensed racehorse trainers in great britain , since 2000 . during this time he has also been a director of the british horseracing board , the horsemen’s group and the british horseracing education and standards trust .
earlier in his career , after employment as assistant trainer to jeremy hindley , john winter and paul cole , rupert held a trainer’s licence for six years , training in upper lambourn , berkshire .
vivien currie is chief executive of hamilton park racecourse , where she took up appointment in june 2008 . she is also a member of the development board of the marie curie hospice in glasgow and vice chairman of the rca . prior to this she was part owner of and chief executive of livingston football club having bought the club and taken it out of administration . she also sat on the scottish football league management committee where she was the first female to hold such an appointment in its over 100 year existence . qualifying as a chartered accountant with ernst & young , vivien worked in london , australia and glasgow , including a period advising technology start - ups , before joining telecoms business damovo . starting as director of strategy she was responsible for the integration of the group’s 18 countries’ sales forces before becoming head of global sales and solutions . vivien does a variety of public speaking sharing her life and work experiences of adapting her business skills to different industries .
sir paul had a highly distinguished career as a police officer over more than 35 years , holding senior command positions in merseyside , lancashire and london . in his roles with the metropolitan police service – where as commissioner he was the most senior officer in the uk – he advised governments on issues ranging from counter terrorism to serious organised crime and national police improvements , with a focus on modern , transparent and collaborative policing . he has served as trustee for a number of charities , and is currently a trustee of crimestoppers uk . he leads the bha board’s efforts in its priority areas , ensuring that british racing is regulated to high standards , and seen by all to be fair and clean .
ruth quinn was appointed the british horseracing authority’s director of international racing and racing development in july 2015 , having previously held the post of racing director .
she represents bha / british racing with overseas racing authorities on matters relating to the international race programme , international racing development , international handicapping , and the overall management of bha’s complex relationships with its international partners and counterparts . ruth is a keen rider , particularly enjoying working closely with and bringing on young racehorses .
will was appointed as executive director in may 2017 , having previously been director of corporate affairs . he is responsible for strategy and stakeholder liaison , and industry people and betting matters .
he joined the then british horseracing board as communications executive in 2003 , performing a range of roles in the following years , including as spokesperson for the governing body . he took part in the sport’s graduate development programme in 2001 , and also gained experience in racing journalism and across different racecourses and racecourse groups .
richard joined the bha at the beginning of 2016 as chief operations officer , with responsibility for the racing , handicapping , finance , information technology and programme management teams . he has a lifelong interest in racing and , having taken part in the jockey club graduate development programme , began his career as an odds compiler with william hill . having qualified as a chartered accountant working for pricewaterhousecoopers , he became finance director at the british racing school before joining the british horseracing board as assistant racing director in 2004 . he was appointed chief executive of the racehorse owners association in 2012 and , as part of this role , became secretary of the horsemen’s group and a director of racing enterprises limited and british champions series .
catherine was appointed as the bha’s director of legal and governance in september 2016 , having joined the bha as head of legal – governance in november 2015 . catherine is responsible for all aspects of the bha’s general legal counsel , company secretariat , corporate governance and data protection . prior to joining the bha , catherine was a senior member of the dla piper sports team for 10 years . catherine has extensive experience of advising sports governing bodies and rights owners in relation to contentious issues connected with sport , both regulatory and commercial , in proceedings in the high court and before international and domestic sports disciplinary and arbitral tribunals . she also specialises in intellectual property litigation , particularly in relation to sport and media bodies . catherine is a director of the british association for sport and law .
brant was appointed chief regulatory officer in april 2018 , having previously been in the post of director of integrity and regulatory operations since september 2016 , and having joined the bha as head of raceday operations in march 2015 .
brant is an experienced administrator and regulator having held various senior roles within racing - related industries in britain and australia over the past 20 years . as chief regulatory officer , his reports include the director of equine health and welfare , the chief medical advisor , head of regulation and the head of stewarding . he also has accountability for integrity , licensing and anti - doping , as well as managing the team of equine welfare and integrity officers and overriding responsibility for the judges , starters , clerks of scales , racecourse and inspectors of courses , and the bha’s role in liaison with the point to point , arab racing and pony racing authorities .
prior to joining the bha , brant was chief operating officer ( 2010 - 2014 ) with harness racing victoria with overall management responsibility for all integrity and racing regulatory functions . brant also holds a bachelor of legal studies ( victoria university ) and graduate diploma sports law ( university of melbourne ) , where he specialised in international sports law and racing industry law & regulation .
david sykes joined the bha in march 2017 as director of equine health and welfare and is responsible for developing an enhanced welfare strategy which encapsulates a thoroughbred’s full lifespan , from birth until well after the end of its racing career . david joins the bha from the united arab emirates ( uae ) where he has held the position of head veterinary officer for the emirates racing authority ( era ) since 2010 , a role which encompasses the welfare and integrity of all flat racing in the uae . in this role he was responsible for implementing and managing antidoping and medication control programs , equine welfare and health issues , administration of data collection programs for injury surveillance and risk factors associated with racing in the uae .
in addition , david has held the role of head of the veterinary department for the uae itself since october 2015 , which includes responsibilities for government liaison , quarantine and import / export controls and testing .
prior to his time at the era regulatory and uae equine quarantine positions , david held positions in sydney , australia , his country of birth and where he established a successful five - veterinarian practice . as well as his regulatory positions , david brings over 20 years of private practice experience to the role .
martin fewell took up the post as bha director of communications and corporate affairs in october 2017 , having previously been the director of media & communications at the metropolitan police since 2012 .
his responsibilities include media relations , stakeholder and internal communications , corporate affairs , political liaison and building the bha’s digital presence .
martin was a journalist at the bbc and itn before joining the met . he was the deputy editor of channel 4 news for ten years and previously edited news programmes on bbc radio 4 and the bbc news channel .
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several of his pictures of egypt and sudan were painted at least four years after he resigned his commission , and it is possible that he returned to north africa after he left the army to follow the conflicts in that region . his paintings show both important events in the region in the 1880s such as start of suakin berbar railway and the parade of officers mentioned at the battle of gemaizah of 1888 , as well as everyday events such as loading horses onto ships and patrols . other scenes show troops on maneuvers in the english countryside , scenes in london and other military genre .
the military collection digital archive recently passed a milestone : 25 , 000 images and counting . the first pictures were scanned back in 2004 and through the efforts of many staff and students , we have created the largest digital collection in brown university library . special credit should go to robin ness , ann caldwell , betsy fishman and henry gould for directing this enterprise and creating the thousands of mods records . there are still many images to scan and work is currently underway on the numerous portfolios and other items as well as scanning prints that were missed or need re - scanning . at the same time , the digital archive has been migrated to the brown digital repository ( bdr ) and images can now be searched at : urltoken this is a much more versatile system and will allow corrections and changes to be made to existing data as well as new information that will enhance and contribute to the background and scholarship of the iconography . for example , it is hoped to add details such as publications and references relevant to a particular image or artist , and links to other collections owning similar material . users are encouraged to forward any additional information that might be suitable or suggest any changes or corrections .
you are currently browsing the anne s . k . brown military collection update blog archives for july , 2013 .
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plus gst payment on 42 - day ppt , free return ( conditions apply ) . standing at mapperley stud , nz
four - time group winner who won the g1 spring champion , like savabeel and dundeel . by an epsom derby hero and bred on a similar cross to leading sire tavistock .
by authorized ( 2004 ) champion three - year - old colt in europe , derby s ( g1 ) , juddmonte international s ( g1 ) , etc . sire of 891 foals aged three and up , including complacent , ambivalent , hartnell , pounamu , seal of approval , maygrove , prize money , lacy , rehn’s nest , etc .
1st dam : insouciance by quest for fame . winner at 2 and 3 . own - sister to dracula . dam of 10 foals , 9 to race , 9 winners :
ataraxia ( g teofilo ) 2 wins at 3 , 2017 , dulcify quality s .
offhanded ( g lonhro ) 5 wins , 2 to 5 , 3rd alister clark s ( g2 ) , up and coming s ( g3 ) .
careless ( g exceed and excel ) 3 wins at 3 and 5 , 2017 , 2nd fernhill h , 3rd gothic s .
malaise ( c helmet ) 3 wins at 3 and 4 , 2017 , 2nd cs hayes s ( g3 ) .
2nd dam : awards ceremony by kaoru star . unraced . dam of 7 winners :
dracula ( c quest for fame ) champion two - year - old in australia , 7 wins at 2 and 3 , george main s ( g1 ) , sires’ produce s ( g1 ) , champagne s ( g1 ) , fernhill h ( g3 ) . sire .
the oscars ( g procol harum ) 3 wins , 2 to 4 , canonbury s .
sash ( f dr grace ) 5 wins at 3 and 4 , toy show quality h .
vampire ( g flying spur ) 6 wins , 3 to 6 , 2nd fernhill h ( g3 ) .
masked party ( g marscay ) galaxy h ( g1 ) , premiere s ( g2 ) , the angas brut ( g2 ) .
festal ( c vain ) elders s ( g1 ) , sovereign print s , 2nd the concorde ( g2 ) . sire .
la bamba ( f last tycoon ) 2 wins at 4 . dam of :
inspiration ( g flying spur ) hong kong sprint ( g1 ) , centenary sprint cup .
wandjina ( c snitzel ) australian guineas ( g1 ) , c s hayes debonair s ( g3 ) , 2nd all aged s ( g1 ) , 3rd caulfield guineas ( g1 ) .
lucky unicorn ( c redoute’s choice ) chester manifold s , 3rd carlyon cup ( g3 ) . sire .
provence ( f redoute’s choice ) great western desirable s , 3rd waltzing lily h . dam of : banaadeer ( c more than ready ) storm bird s , 2nd south african nursery ( g1 ) ; admiration ( c encosta de lago ) the chairman ' s trophy , 3rd jockey club sprint ( g2 ) , twice , hong kong classic mile , the premier cup .
zoometric ( g unbridled’s song ) tattersall’s cup , fairetha s , perth s , supremacy s , 2nd karrakatta plate ( g2 ) , sires’ produce s ( g3 ) , 3rd lee steere classic ( g3 ) .
lady danzero ( f danzero ) placed at 3 . dam of : discreet ( f show a heart ) brc calaway gal plate .
joy ride ( f redoute’s choice ) unraced . dam of : hijack hussy ( f hussonet ) desirable s , 2nd vo rogue plate ( g3 ) , 3rd shelley dale ohs mode s .
spring champion s ( g1 ) , 2000m , randwick , beating criterion , savvy nature , hooked , liberty’s choice , equator , drago , rock hero , thunder fantasy , fuerza , fast dragon .
gloaming s ( g3 ) , 1800m , rosehill , beating savvy nature , drago , hooked , fuerza , order of the sun , fast dragon .
victoria derby ( g1 ) , 2500m , flemington , to polanski , beating thunder fantasy , criterion , tupac amaru , drago , bring something , epic saga , san diego , pinstripe lane , savvy nature .
chelmsford s ( g2 ) , 1600m , randwick , beating kermadec , royal descent , hartnell , junoob , pornichet , who shot thebarman , beaten up , imposing , precedence , hawkspur , preferment , magog , moriarty , opinion , tremec .
craven plate ( g3 ) , 2000m , randwick , beating hauraki , imposing , moriarty , magog , gallante , foreteller , ruling dynasty , sense of occasion , celtic prince .
hill s ( g2 ) , 2000m , randwick , to preferment , magic hurricane , beating beaten up , who shot thebarman , bonfire , chance to dance , bohemian lily , gallante , opinion , junoob , precedence , tremec .
right at the beginning of the story of art , gombrich establishes that he is writing about important issues : how people perceive and appreciate works of art and how works of art depict and represent the world in language that is deliberately and brilliantly straightforward . in the preface , he announces that in planning and writing the book he
thought first and foremost of readers in their teens who had just rediscovered the world for themselves
. but i suspect his idea of the average teenager was based on a combination of his own upbringing in a highly educated viennese family ( his parents were friends of schoenberg , freud and mahler ) and that of his son , richard , who was later to become professor of sanskrit at oxford . in other words , the teenager is expected to be precocious and intelligent , interested in the history of ideas as well as art , and certainly male .
in his introduction , gombrich explores two very characteristic themes essential to an understanding of his subsequent work , and which it is slightly surprising and pleasing to find announced so unequivocally close to the beginning of his scholarly career . the first is the need for the artist to experience freedom from political or religious constraints . he describes this by comparing the two versions of saint matthew that caravaggio undertook as a commission for the church of san luigi dei francesi in rome . the first version was a great work of realism in which the angel is leaning a long , spindly arm towards the relatively rustic hand of saint matthew . the work was rejected as being too naturalistic and was later destroyed by bombs during the second world war . caravaggio then painted a slightly more idealised and conventional version , still in san luigi in rome . gombrich describes how
the outcome is still quite a good picture , for caravaggio had tried hard to make it look lively and interesting , but we feel that it is less honest and sincere than the first had been .
given that gombrich was commissioned to write the book while working as a translator for the bbc ' s monitoring service , it is impossible not to recognise his profound belief in the moral freedom of the artist from any form of coercion .
gombrich ' s second introductory description is of the intense compositional struggle that lay behind raphael ' s painting madonna of the meadow in the kunsthistorisches museum in vienna . art was viewed not as a product of aesthetics , but more as a result of visual observation , which is then ordered and structured by graphic experiment , closely akin in terms of visual procedure to the work of caricature . this announces some of the themes and intellectual interests that later led to his greatest work in art and illusion , and was a consequence of his close friendship with the art historian and psychoanalyst ernst kris .