ephemerelloidea is a superfamily of mayflies in the suborder pannota .

it is a basal group of mayflies with a worldwide distribution .

members of this super-family can be distinguished from those of caenoidea by the fact that the gills of the nymphs are not filamentous .

the following families are recognised : ephemerellidae

ephemerelloidea

kento furui added the japanese common name
マダラカゲロウ上科
to
ephemerelloidea
.
a new family coryphoridae is proposed in the superfamily ephemerelloidea for the monotypic genus coryphorus . characters that distinguish coryphoridae from all other ephemerelloidea are discussed . the male imago , male subimago , female imago , and egg of coryphorus aquilus peters are described for the first time .
in order to contribute to currents and future studies of systematics and ecology of the group in brazil , a key for the identification of the brazilian ephemerelloidea genera is necessary . the aim of this paper is to present a key to nymphs and adults of the ephemerelloidea genera recorded from the country .
other representative of pannota in south america , besides ephemerelloidea , is the family caenidae . despite the similarity between both groups having operculate gills on segment 2 , nymphs of south american ephemerelloidea can be distinguished from those of caenidae by the absence of filamentous gills 1 . the adults of ephemerelloidea can be differentiated by lacking an ommation on the mesonotum , the vein mp2 of the forewings not extending to the base and not curving from near the base of mp1 , and by the vein cup strongly curved to the inner margin of the wing ( mccafferty & wang 2000 ) .
ty - jour ti - key to the genera of ephemerelloidea ( insecta : ephemeroptera ) from brazil t2 - biota neotropica ur - urltoken py - 2006 - 01 - 01 au - dias , lucimar g . au - salles , frederico f . au - francischetti , cesar n . au - ferreira , paulo sérgio f . kw - adults kw - brazil kw - ephemerelloidea kw - illustrated key kw - nymphs er -
( ephemeroptera : ephemerelloidea : melanemerellidae ) , with comments on its systematic position and the higher classification of ephemeroptera . j . n . am . benthol . soc . 22 ( 2 ) : 263 - 275 .
the superfamily ephemerelloidea ( ephemeroptera ) is a cosmopolitan and very basal group of mayflies ( mccafferty & wang 2000 ) . together with the superfamily caenoidea , the ephemerelloidea are inserted in the suborder pannota , a group where the mature nymphs have less than half of their forewingpads freely extended beyond their fusion , although the wingpads remain externally recognizable as do the pro - and mesothoracic mesothoracic segments ( mccafferty and edmunds 1979 , mccafferty & wang 2000 ) .
molineri , c . , peters , j . g . & zuñiga de cardoso , m . c . 2002 . a new family , coryphoridae ( ephemeroptera : ephemerelloidea ) , and description of the winged and egg stages of
@ article { bhlpart108229 , title = { key to the genera of ephemerelloidea ( insecta : ephemeroptera ) from brazil } , journal = { biota neotropica } , url = urltoken publisher = { } , author = { dias , lucimar g . and salles , frederico f . and francischetti , cesar n . and ferreira , paulo sérgio f . } , year = { 2006 - 01 - 01 } , keywords = { adults | brazil | ephemerelloidea | illustrated key | nymphs | } , }
all genera of ephemerelloidea from brazil were studied for the elaboration of the key . the specimens examined were borrowed from the following institutions : museu regional de entomologia , universidade federal de viçosa , mg and of the departamento de zoologia , instituto de biologia da universidade federal do rio de janeiro , rj . . drawings were made on white paper with the aid of a leica camera lucida attached to a mz8 microscope .
of the three families , eleven genera and 70 species of the superfamily ephemerelloidea represented in south america ( dominguez et al . 2004 , emmerich 2004 ) , all families , seven genera , and 20 species are registered from brazil ( molineri 2004 , salles et al . 2004 ) . coryphoridae and melanemerellidae are represented by one species , each , whereas leptohyphidae is the most diverse , with five genera and 18 species ( molineri 2004 , salles et al . 2004 ) .
neste trabalho é apresentada uma chave para identificação dos gêneros brasileiros de ephemerelloidea , ninfas e adultos , pertencentes às famílias coryphoridae , leptohyphidae e melanemerellidae . atualmente , sete gêneros desta superfamília são conhecidos no brasil . leptohyphidae é a família mais representativa , com cinco gêneros registrados para o país , leptohyphes eaton , 1882 , leptohyphodes ulmer , 1920 , traverhyphes molineri , 2001 , tricorythodes ulmer , 1920 and tricorythopsis traver , 1958 . coryphoridae e melanemerellidae são monotípicas , representadas por coryphorus peters , 1981e melanemerella ulmer , 1920 .
a key to the brazilian genera of ephemerelloidea , nymphs and adults , belonging to the families coryphoridae , leptohyphidae and melanemerellidae is presented . currently , seven genera of this superfamily are known in brazil . the leptohyphidae is the most representative family , with five genera registered from the country , leptohyphes eaton , 1882 , leptohyphodes ulmer , 1920 , traverhyphes molineri , 2001 , tricorythodes ulmer , 1920 and tricorythopsis traver , 1958 . the families coryphoridae and melanemerellidae are monotypic , represented by coryphorus peters , 1981and melanemerella ulmer , 1920 .
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lucimar g . dias i , ii ; frederico f . salles i , ii ; cesar n . francischetti i , ii ; paulo sérgio f . ferreira i
i museu de entomologia , departamento de biologia animal , universidade federal de viçosa , 36571 - 000 viçosa , mg , brazil . ( lucimar @ urltoken ) ( ffsalles @ urltoken ) ( cnfrancischetti @ urltoken ) ( pfiuza @ urltoken ) ii programa de pós - graduação em entomologia , departamento de biologia animal , universidade federal de viçosa , 36571 - 000 viçosa , mg , brazil
coryphoridae , represented only by coryphorus aquilus peters , 1981 , is known in brazil from the states of amazonas and pará , northern region . c . aquilus peters , 1981 , is also recorded from colombia ( peters 1981 , molineri et al . 2002 ) and french guiana ( orth et al . 2000 ) .
melanemerellidae is represented by melanemerella brasiliana ulmer , 1920 , endemic to brazil and reported from the states of são paulo and espírito santo , southeastern region ( ulmer 1920 , molineri & domínguez 2003 ) .
with regard to leptohyphidae , the genera leptohyphes eaton , 1982 , tricorythodes ulmer , 1920 and tricorythopsis traver , 1958 , have five species each . they are widely distributed in brazil ( banks 1913 , ulmer 1920 , needham & murphy 1924 , traver 1959 , allen 1967 , 1973 , da - silva 1993 , molineri 1999 , 2001a , 2002 , 2003 ) . traverhyphes molineri , 2001 , is represented by two species , one from the southern region , and another from the southeastern region ( molineri 2001b , 2004 ) . the genus leptohyphodes ulmer , 1920 , is monotypic and known only from brazil , being represented by l . inanis ( pictet , 1843 ) . although the type - locality of l . inanis was referred only to
brazil
in the original description ( pictet 1843 ) , traver ( 1944 ) described the nymph of the genus , based on specimens from the state of minas gerais , southeastern region .
we thank dr . carlos molineri ( faculdade de ciências naturales e instituto miguel lillo san miguel de tucumán , argentina ) and dr . teresinha maria castro della lúcia ( universidade federal de viçosa minas gerais , brasil ) for their helpful review of the manuscript . we also thank the brazilian council of scientific and technological development ( cnpq ) for providing funds to lucimar g . dias , frederico f . salles and cesar n . francischetti to conduct postgraduate studies at the programa de pós - graduação em entomologia , universidade federal de viçosa .
allen , r . k . 1967 . new species of new world leptohyphinae ( ephemeroptera : tricorythidae ) . can . entomol . 99 : 350 - 375 .
eaton ( ephemeroptera : tricorythidae ) . pan - pac . entomol . , 49 : 363 - 372 .
banks , n . 1913 . the stanford expedition to brazil . 1911 . neuropteroid insects from brazil .
da - silva , e . r . 1993 . efemerópteros da serra dos órgãos , estado do rio de janeiro . ii . descrição de uma nova espécie de
eaton , 1882 ( ephemeroptera , tricorythidae ) . rev . bras . entomol . 37 ( 2 ) : 313 - 316 .
domínguez , e . , hubbard , m . d . , pescador , m . l . & molineri , c . 2004 . checklist of the ephemeroptera of south america ( edition date 16 june 2004 ) . u r l
eaton , a . e . 1882 . an announcement of new genera of the ephemeridae . entomol . mon . mag . 18 : 207 - 208 .
wiersema y mccafferty 2000 ( ephemeroptera : leptohyphidae ) para américa del sur . entomotropica . 19 ( 2 ) : 105 - 106 .
mccafferty , w . p . & edmunds jr , g . f . 1979 . the higher classification of the ephemeroptera and its evolutionary basis . ann . entomol . soc . am . 72 : 5 - 12 .
mccafferty , w . p . & wang t . - q . 2000 . phylogenetic systematics of the major lineages of pannote mayflies ( ephemeroptera : pannota ) . trans . am . entomol . soc . 126 ( 1 ) : 9 - 101 .
( ephemeroptera : leptohyphidae ) : nuevas combinaciones y descripción de nuevas especies y estadios . rev . soc . entomol . argent . 60 : 217 - 238 .
and related species ( insecta , ephemeroptera ) . spixiana . 24 ( 2 ) : 129 - 140 .
( ephemeroptera : leptohyphidae ) with the descriptions of new species and stages . aquat . insect . 24 ( 4 ) : 273 - 308 .
eaton ( ephemeroptera : leptohyphidae ) with a key to the nymphs . stud . neotrop . fauna environ . 38 ( 1 ) : 47 - 70 .
group ( ephemeroptera : leptohyphidae ) , with new subgenera , species and combinations . tijdsch . entomol . 147 : 197 - 220 .
orth , k . , thomas , a . , dauta , c . , horeau , v . , brosse , s . & ademmer , c . 2000 . les ephémères de la guyane française . 1 . premier inventaire générique , a but de biosurveillance ( ephemeroptera ) . ephemera . 2 ( 1 ) : 25 - 38 .
, a new genus and species of tricorythidae from the amazon basin ( ephemeroptera ) . aquat . insect . 3 : 209 - 217 .
pictet f . j . 1843 . histoire naturelle générale et particulière des insectes névroptères . famille des éphémérines . chez j . kessmann et ab . cherbuliz , geneva .
salles , f . f . , da - silva , e . r . , hubbard , m . d . & serrão , j . e . 2004 . as espécies de ephemeroptera ( insecta ) registradas para o brasil . biota neotrop . 4 ( 2 ) : 1 - 34 .
traver , j . r . 1959 . the subfamily leptohyphinae . part ii : five new species of
traver , j . r . 1944 . notes on brazilian mayflies . bol . mus . nac . n . s . zool . 22 : 2 - 53 .
1 . eyes elevated ( fig . 1 ) ; posterolateral projection of abdominal terga 2 - 5 curved dorsally ( fig . 2 ) ; dorsal tubercles present in all regions of the body ( fig . 2 ) coryphoridae , coryphorus
1 ' . eyes not elevated ( fig . 3 ) ; posterolateral projection of abdominal terga 2 - 5 not curved dorsally ( fig . 4 - 6 ) ; tubercles usually absent or present in one or two regions of the body ( figs . 4 , 5 ) ; if tubercles present in all regions of the body , then tubercles paired ( fig . 6 ) 2
2 ( 1 ' ) . abdominal terga 2 - 9 with a pair of submedian tubercles , more evident in the abdominal terga 3 - 9 ( fig . 6 ) ; gills with ventral lamellae fringed ( fig . 7 ) ; femora strongly expanded ( fig . 8 ) melanemerellidae , melanemerella
2 ' . abdominal terga never with paired tubercles ( figs . 4 , 5 , 10 ) ; ventral gills without fringed lamellae ( figs . 13b , 14b ) ; femora generally not expanded ( fig . 9 ) leptohyphidae 3
3 ( 2 ' ) . operculate gills subquadrangular , internal margins reaching median line ( fig . 10 ) ; gills present on abdominal segments 2 - 5 ; eyes of males divided ( fig . 11 ) leptohyphodes
3 ' . operculate gills triangular , oval or rounded ( figs . 12 - 15 ) , internal margins not reaching median line ; gills present on abdominal segments 26 ; eyes of males generally not divided 4
4 ( 3 ' ) . body smaller than 4 mm ; operculate gills with a weakly sclerotized transversal line ( fig . 15 ) tricorythopsis
4 ' . body generally larger than 4 mm ; operculate gills without a transversal line ( figs . 12 - 14 ) 5
5 ( 4 ' ) . operculate gills generally triangular ( fig . 12 ) ; if operculate gills ovoid , then femora circular and bordered with long setae ( fig . 16 ) . . . tricorythodes
5 ' . operculate gills ovoid ( figs . 13 , 14 ) ; femora never bordered with long setae . . . 6
6 ( 5 ' ) . ventral lamellae of operculate gills with a basal beak - like process ( fig . 13b ) ; operculate gills without dorsal ribs ( fig . 13a ) leptohyphes
6 ' . ventral lamellae of operculate gills without a basal beak - like process ( fig . 14b ) ; operculate gills generally with one or two dorsal ribs ( fig . 14a ) . . . traverhyphes
1 . forewings with 2 - 3 detached marginal intercalaries between apex of main intercalary veins ( fig . 17a ) ; hind wings present in both sexes ( fig . 17b ) . . . melanemerellidae , melanemerella
1 ' . forewings without marginal intercalaries ( fig . 18a , 20 , 23 , 24 ) ; hind wings variable , present only in males , absent in both sexes , or , rarely , present in both sexes . . . 2
2 ( 1 ' ) . compound eyes of male greatly enlarged and undivided , separated on dorsum of head by width of an eye ( fig . 19 ) ; cubital area of fore wings without intercalaries ( fig . 20 ) ; penis large , fused and distally broadened ( fig . 21 ) . . . coryphoridae , coryphorus
2 ' . eyes of male similar to females , usually not enlarged ( fig . 22 ) ; if so , then eyes divided and close to each other in dorsal view ; intercalaries present on cubital area ( figs . 18 , 23 , 24 ) ; penis not as above ( figs . 25 - 29 ) . . . leptohyphidae . . . 3
3 ( 2 ' ) . mesoscutellum with relatively long membranous filaments ( fig . 30 ) ; base of male forewings not broadened ( fig . 18 ) . . . 4
3 ' . mesoscutellum without membranous filaments ( fig . 31 ) ; male forewings broadened at base ( fig . 23 , 24 ) . . . 6
4 ( 3 ) . eyes of males divided ( fig . 32 ) ; forceps two - segmented ; hind wings absent in both sexes . . . leptohyphodes
4 ' . eyes of males usually not divided ( fig . 22 ) ; forceps three - segmented ; hind wings present at least in males ( fig . 18 ) . . . 5
5 ( 4 ' ) . penis
y
shaped , with apical spine and without dorsal spine ( fig . 25 ) . . . leptohyphes
5 ' . penis not as above ( almost totally fused ) , without apical spine and with dorsal spine ( fig . 26 , 27 ) traverhyphes
6 ( 5 ' ) . forceps three - segmented , basal swelling usually present at base of second joint ( fig . 28 ) . . . tricorythodes
6 ' . forceps two - segmented , basal swelling absent at base of second joint ( fig . 29 ) tricorythopsis
departamento de biologia vegetal - instituto de biologia unicamp cp 6109 13083 - 970 - campinas / sp tel . : ( + 55 19 ) 3521 - 6166 fax : ( + 55 19 ) 3521 - 6168 contato @ urltoken
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to cite this page : myers , p . , r . espinosa , c . s . parr , t . jones , g . s . hammond , and t . a . dewey . 2018 . the animal diversity web ( online ) . accessed at https : / / animaldiversity . org .
disclaimer : the animal diversity web is an educational resource written largely by and for college students . adw doesn ' t cover all species in the world , nor does it include all the latest scientific information about organisms we describe . though we edit our accounts for accuracy , we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts . while adw staff and contributors provide references to books and websites that we believe are reputable , we cannot necessarily endorse the contents of references beyond our control .
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g : ephemerella walsh 1862 : 377 , typus e . excrucians walsh 1862 ( design . eaton 1868b : 87 )
cornutus gose 1980 [ ephemerella ( ephemerella ) ] nom . praeocc . — syn . obj . tsuno [ serratella ]
fuscata walker 1853 [ baetis ] nom . praeocc . — syn . obj . walkeri [ ephemerella ]
imanishii gose 1980 [ ephemerella ( ephemerella ) ] nom . praeocc . — syn . obj . occiprens [ serratella ]
serrata braasch 1981 [ ephemerella ( drunella ) ] nom . praeocc . — syn . obj . braaschi [ cincticostella ]
spinosa ikonomov 1961 [ ephemerella ] nom . praeocc . — syn . obj . ikonomovi [ ephemerella ]
undatella allen 1971 [ ephemerella ( acerella ) ] — syn . obj . uenoi [ ephemerella ( drunella ) ] — in torleya / g1
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dias , lucimar g . salles , frederico f . francischetti , cesar n . ferreira , paulo sérgio f .
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parent taxon : pannota according to t . h . ogden et al . 2009
maggie whitson marked the classification from
species 2000 & itis catalogue of life : april 2013
as preferred for
drunella doddsi ( needham , 1927 )
.
maggie whitson added the english common name
western green drake ( mayfly )
to
drunella doddsi ( needham , 1927 )
.
kento furui added the japanese common name
マダラカゲロウ科
to
ephemerellidae
.
jennifer hammock split the classifications by bolds images ii from ephemerella dorothea needham , 1908 to their own page .
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maintained by w . p . mccafferty and a . v . provonsha . found at : urltoken
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phyllodesmium guamense is a species of sea slug , an aeolid nudibranch , a marine gastropod mollusc in the family facelinidae .

the specific name guamense refers to the island of guam , its type locality .

phyllodesmium guamense

what type of species is phyllodesmium guamense ? below , you will find the taxonomic groups the phyllodesmium guamense species belongs to .
which photographers have photos of phyllodesmium guamense species ? below , you will find the list of underwater photographers and their photos of the marine species phyllodesmium guamense .
how to identify phyllodesmium guamense marine species ? below , you will find the list of main identification criteria and physical characteristics of marine species phyllodesmium guamense . for each identification criteria , the corresponding physical characteristics of marine species phyllodesmium guamense are marked in green .
phyllodesmium guamense
uses camouflage and it looks like the soft coral
sinularia
.
where is phyllodesmium guamense found in the world ? below , you will find the list and a world map of the geographic distribution where the marine species phyllodesmium guamense can be found .
how can i put and write and define phyllodesmium guamense in a sentence and how is the word phyllodesmium guamense used in a sentence and examples ? 用phyllodesmium guamense造句 , 用phyllodesmium guamense造句 , 用phyllodesmium guamense造句 , phyllodesmium guamense meaning , definition , pronunciation , synonyms and example sentences are provided by ichacha . net .
this is the place for phyllodesmium definition . you find here phyllodesmium meaning , synonyms of phyllodesmium and images for phyllodesmium copyright 2017 © urltoken
nick hope added the english common name
cryptic phyllodesmium
to
phyllodesmium crypticum rudman , 1981
.
nick hope added the english common name
great phyllodesmium
to
phyllodesmium magnum rudman , 1991
.
dana campbell selected
phyllodesmium magnum
to show in overview on
phyllodesmium magnum rudman , 1991
.
here you will find one or more explanations in english for the word phyllodesmium . also in the bottom left of the page several parts of wikipedia pages related to the word phyllodesmium and , of course , phyllodesmium synonyms and on the right images related to the word phyllodesmium .
phyllodesmium magnum is a species of sea slug , an aolid nudibranch , a marine gastropod mollusk in the family facelinidae .
nick hope marked the common name
nudibranch
in an unknown language from
phyllodesmium magnum rudman , 1991
as untrusted .
moore e . & gosliner t . ( 2014 ) . additions to the genus phyllodesmium , with a phylogenetic analysis and its implications to the evolution of symbiosis . the veliger . 51 ( 4 ) : 237 - 251 . [ details ]
rudman , w . b . ( 1991 ) . further studies on the taxonomy and biology of the octocoral - feeding genus phyllodesmium ehrenberg , 1831 ( nudibranchia : aeolidoidea ) . journal of molluscan studies . 57 : 167 - 203 . [ details ]
rudman w . b . ( 1991 ) .
further studies on the taxonomy and biology of the octocoral - feeding genus phyllodesmium ehrenberg , 1831 ( nudibranchia : aeolidacea )
. journal of molluscan studies 57 ( 2 ) : 167–203 . abstract .
rudman , w . b . ( 1991 ) . further studies on the taxonomy and biology of the octocoral - feeding genus phyllodesmium ehrenberg , 1831 ( nudibranchia : aeolidoidea ) . < em > journal of molluscan studies . < / em > 57 : 167 - 203 .
( of ennoia bergh , 1896 ) rudman , w . b . ( 1991 ) . further studies on the taxonomy and biology of the octocoral - feeding genus phyllodesmium ehrenberg , 1831 ( nudibranchia : aeolidoidea ) . journal of molluscan studies . 57 : 167 - 203 . [ details ]
( of myrrhine bergh , 1905 ) rudman , w . b . ( 1991 ) . further studies on the taxonomy and biology of the octocoral - feeding genus phyllodesmium ehrenberg , 1831 ( nudibranchia : aeolidoidea ) . journal of molluscan studies . 57 : 167 - 203 . [ details ]
avila c . , ballesteros m . , slattery m . , starmer j . & paul v . j . ( 1998 ) phyllodesmium guamensis ( nudibranchia : aeolidoidea ) , a new species from guam ( micronesia ) . journal of molluscan studies 64 ( 2 ) : 147–160 . [ details ]
moore e . & gosliner t . ( 2014 ) . additions to the genus < i > phyllodesmium < / i > , with a phylogenetic analysis and its implications to the evolution of symbiosis . < em > the veliger . < / em > 51 ( 4 ) : 237 - 251 .
wagner d . , kahng s . e . & toonen r . j . ( 2009 ) .
observations on the life history and feeding ecology of a specialized nudibranch predator ( phyllodesmium poindimiei ) , with implications for biocontrol of an invasive octocoral ( carijoa riisei ) in hawaii
. journal of experimental marine biology and ecology 372 ( 1 - 2 ) : 64 - 74 . doi : 10 . 1016 / j . jembe . 2009 . 02 . 007 . pdf .
avila , ballesteros , slattery , starmer & paul , 1998 . accessed through : world register of marine species at : urltoken ; = 456805 on 2018 - 07 - 09
ehrenberg c . g . ( 1828 - 1831 ) . in : f . g . hemprich & c . g . ehrenberg , symbolae physicae seu icones et descriptiones animalium evertebratorum sepositis insectis quae ex itinere per africam borealem et asiam occidentalem , novae aut illustrate redierunt . decas i mollusca . berlin . vol . 1 ( plates ) [ 1828 ] , vol . 2 ( text , 126 pp . ) [ 1831 ] . , available online at urltoken page ( s ) : folio h [ page 3 ] [ details ]
( of ennoia bergh , 1896 ) bergh , l . s . r . ( 1896 ) . eolidiens d ' amboine . revue suisse de zoologie . 4 ( 2 ) : 385 - 394 . , available online at urltoken page ( s ) : 392 [ details ]
( of myrrhine bergh , 1905 ) bergh , l . s . r . ( 1905 ) . die opisthobranchiata der siboga - expedition . siboga - expeditie . 50 : 1 - 248 , pls 1 - 20 . , available online at urltoken page ( s ) : 226 [ details ]
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ehrenberg c . g . ( 1828 ) . < i > symbolae physicae seu icones et descriptiones animalium evertebratorum sepositis insectis quae ex itinere per africam borealem et asiam occidentalem , novae aut illustrate redierunt . decas i mollusca < / i > . berlin . vol . 1 ( plates ) [ 1828 ] , vol . 2 ( text ) [ 1831 ] .
ehrenberg c . g . ( 1828 - 1831 ) . in : f . g . hemprich & c . g . ehrenberg , < i > symbolae physicae seu icones et descriptiones animalium evertebratorum sepositis insectis quae ex itinere per africam borealem et asiam occidentalem , novae aut illustrate redierunt . decas i mollusca < / i > . berlin . vol . 1 ( plates ) [ 1828 ] , vol . 2 ( text , 126 pp . ) [ 1831 ] .
nomenclator zoologicus . a list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of linnaeus , 1758 to the end of 2004 . digitised by ubio from vols . 1 - 9 of neave ( ed . ) , 1939 - 1996 plus supplementary digital - only volume . urltoken ( as at 2006 ) .
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here you will find one or more explanations in english for the word polydactyla . also in the bottom left of the page several parts of wikipedia pages related to the word polydactyla and , of course , polydactyla synonyms and on the right images related to the word polydactyla .
dadds , a . filix - femina plumosum , a . filix - femina corymbiferum , and d . . .
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buckskin ( 1 april 1973 – 1995 ) was a french-bred thoroughbred racehorse and sire .

unraced as a two-year-old , he was trained in france in 1976 and 1977 before being transferred to race the united kingdom in 1978 and 1979 .

a specialist stayer , he overcame serious physical problems to win several major long distance races including the prix du cadran ( twice ) , prix de barbeville , prix jean prat , doncaster cup , jockey club cup and henry ii stakes .

he was also the beaten favourite in three successive runnings of the ascot gold cup .

after his retirement from racing , he became a very successful sire of national hunt horses .

buckskin ( racehorse )

how is this for a thoroughbred of a . . . - retired racehorse project | facebook
horse cartoon character . buckskin suit . horse head isolated on a white background . vector .
22 , 370 a racehorse stock photos , vectors , and illustrations are available royalty - free .
racehorse . despite a brief racing career as a two - year and then a . . .
in the unsaddling enclosure cecil seemed genuinely upset that le moss had won , saying of buckskin “he is undoubtedly the greatest horse i have trained , and the bravest” . it was buckskin’s last race .
horse logo . king stallion in jump . racehorse head profile . stylish graphic template design for company , farm , race . vector illustration
like palomino , buckskin can vary in shade . this mare , golden belle , looks like a light bay , but is in truth a sooty buckskin . she is pictured here with her cremello colt by king ' s ransom . ( bred , owned , and photographed by red fox farm . )
the best runners up could possibly be the 1969 derby winner blakeney , st leger and king george winner alcide , and buckskin , who was twice second .
mexico is a exquisite ex racehorse . he went from burning up the tracks to a nice quiet ranch gelding that needs a forever home . super sweet and easy…
offspring of pc genuine frost , perlino grandson of sun frost out of genuine doc o lena mare . these , dun and buckskin foals were born in march 2018…
anybody can enter into our retired racehorse project classifieds any horse for sale that raced or trained to race , regardless of its age , price or level of training .
messenger , ( foaled 1780 ) , racehorse who , though a thoroughbred who sired many successful thoroughbred ( flat ) racers , was most important as the foundation sire of the standardbred ( harness racehorse ) breed . a son of mambrino and grandson of matchem , he was foaled in england but was taken to philadelphia in 1788 . his descendants…
desert orchid ( april 11 , 1979 – november 13 , 2006 ) , affectionately known as dessie , was an english racehorse . the gallant grey achieved iconic stat… | pinteres…
horse or mustang head with wavy mane sketch isolated icon . vector wild equine animal muzzle or racehorse trotter for sport team mascot or stallion for equestrian contest or horse races and exhibition
on his return to racing , shangamuzo was matched against buckskin in two races which were expected to decide the identity of the best staying horse in europe . in the doncaster cup , shangamuzo appeared less than fully fit and finished third behind buckskin and billion . in october , shangamuzo and buckskin met for the final time in the jockey club cup at newmmarket . there appeared to be no excuses for shangamuzo on this occasion as he proved no match for his rival and was beaten eight lengths into second place . [ 10 ]
buckskin was a great stayer , in 1977 , when trained in france , he had beaten sagaro three times , including in the prix du cadran . he was also runner up to that horse in the ascot gold cup . sagaro was then winning the gold cup for an unprecedented third time , a record that would stand , until surpassed by yeats more than thirty years later . owned by the volatile daniel wildenstein , buckskin was transferred , later that season , together with crow and some others , to be trained by peter walwyn at lambourn . after buckskin finished fourth behind shangamuzo in the gold cup of 1978 , wildenstein expressed his displeasure with the riding of pat eddery . by the late summer his horses were with henry cecil at warren place . cecil gave buckskin two races that year , the doncaster cup , and jockey club cup . buckskin won them both in effortless fashion , by wide margins . he was then put away for the winter with a view to be trained for the 1979 ascot gold cup .
in the gold cup buckskin was ridden by stable jockey joe mercer , whilst his stable companion would be ridden by lester piggott , who was going for his ninth win in the race . the going was firm that day and buckskin , bandaged as previously , could not stride out in his usual fluent style . he took up the running just over four furlongs out , but the others , headed by arapahos and le moss , stayed with him . buckskin led into the straight , but was challenged by le moss , who took a slight advantage , with two furlongs remaining . these two were then engaged in a fierce tussle , all the time pulling further away from the remainder . inside the last furlong mercer eased buckskin right down when victory was gone and le moss won the race by a flattering seven lengths .
le moss tuned up for the 1979 gold cup by beating john cherry and one other in the lymm stakes at haydock . buckskin , heavily bandaged , reappeared in the henry 11 stakes at sandown and annihilated a decent field , winning by fifteen lengths from pragmatic with arapahos and shangamuzo out with the washing . buckskin was a notoriously frail animal , and it was touch and go whether he would make ascot , which he did , let alone win .
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horse head sketch of brown racehorse
can be used for personal and commercial purposes according to the conditions of the purchased royalty - free license . the illustration is available for download in high resolution quality up to 4677x6614 and in eps file format .
shangamuzo ( 13 march 1973 – after 1989 ) was a british thoroughbred racehorse and sire best known for winning the ascot gold cup in 1978 . a specialist stayer , he won eight of his thirty - four races , finished second nine times and third on five occasions .
i love chief , for a buckskin stud , and sweet pea , for a sweet mare , and mario , for a spunky stud pony , and dallas , for a sweet / spunky stud . ( : those are my favorites because my horses are named those . haha !
when the cream gene is combined with bay , the result is buckskin . like the agouti gene , the cream gene does not affect black hairs , so only the brown hairs of the coat are diluted to the golden color . ( pictured at left is brilliant intuiten of frazer ' s stable . )
hambletonian , ( foaled 1849 ) , american harness racehorse ( standardbred ) that was the ancestor of most present - day harness racers . the thrice inbred great - grandson of messenger ( foundation sire of the breed of standardbred s ) , he was the son of abdallah out of a crippled mare . his original…
shangamuzo , ridden by starkey , started at odds of 13 / 2 for the ascot gold cup over two and a half miles at royal ascot , with buckskin starting favourite ahead of the filly royal hive ( winner of the park hill stakes ) . the other runners included duky and hawkberry who had finished second and third to buckskin in the prix du cadran . smuggler did not contest the gold cup , his owner , lord porchester stating that the unfashionable status of stayers as breeding stallions meant that it would devalue the horse to even enter him in the race . buckskin ' s pacemaker palei set a strong pace until six furlongs from the finish when shangamuzo moved into the lead with buckskin close behind . the two engaged in a brief struggle before shangamuzo established a decisive advantage on the turn into the straight . he was never seriously challenged in the closing stages and won by two lengths from royal hive , with hawkberry a length and a half away in third . timeform described shangamuzo ' s performance as
a magnificent display of courage and endurance
. in the goodwood cup , shangamuzo conceded weight to his rivals and led for most of the way but was caught in the closing stages and finished third behind tug of war and the three - year - old arapahos . it was subsequently discovered that the horse had sustained a leg injury in the race which kept him off the racecourse until the autumn . [ 10 ]
shangamuzo remained in training as a six - year - old but failed to recover his best form in four races . his best effort came when he finished fourth of five , beaten four lengths by el badr in the prix du cadran . on his final appearance he finished a distant fourth behind le moss , buckskin and arapahos in the ascot gold cup . [ 11 ]
buckskin frequently crops up in lists of cecil ' s favourite horses , and his defeat in the 1979 gold cup at the hands of stablemate le moss was one of the saddest moments of his trainer ' s career .
what happened at ascot makes me feel like judas iscariot ,
wrote cecil in on the level . buckskin had dropped soles and a suspensory problem , and cecil performed wonders to keep him sound enough to even make the gold cup . it was supremely ironic that he supplied the horse who beat him . also , the brilliant bosra sham , winner of the 1 , 000 guineas , champion stakes and prince of wales ' s stakes , and the ex - italian bolkonski , his first british classic winner in the 1975 2 , 000 guineas .
along with the two base colors , chestnut and black , the thoroughbred gene pool also includes agouti ( bay ) , brown , grey , cream ( palomino , cremello , buckskin , perlino , smoky black , and smoky cream ) , frame overo , splash white , sabino , dominant white , manchado , rabicano , and due to a recent mutation , what appears to be true roan .
he showed promise as a two - year - old in 1975 , despite being beaten in all three of his races . in the following season he established himself as a good performer in handicaps , winning five races including the king george v stakes at royal ascot and finishing second in the jockey club cup . in 1977 he emerged as a top - class stayer despite winning only once from eleven starts : he won the doncaster cup and was placed in the paradise stakes , yorkshire cup , queen alexandra stakes and jockey club stakes . shangamuzo reached his peak as a five - year - old in 1978 when he engaged in a series of races against the outstanding french - bred stayer buckskin . shangamuzo decisively defeated buckskin in both the sagaro stakes and the ascot gold cup but after sustaining an injury in the goodwood cup he was beaten by his rival in the doncaster cup and the jockey club cup .
firstly what constitutes greatness ? for me it its firstly a matter of brilliance backed up by consistency , durability and versatility . to be the greatest ever you must demonstrate more of these qualities than any other racehorse in history . for me frankel scores exceptionally well in terms of brilliance and consistency , he scores reasonably in terms of durability but he scores lowly in terms of versatility . is there a horse who can outscore him using these 4 criteria ? i believe there is – and his name is secretariat .
daughter of wolf was speak up ' s first resident rescue horse . an elegant thoroughbred , former racehorse and broodmare , came to us after her owner died . his mother knew what could happen to a 19 year old broodmare and asked if we would accept her as a boarder at shelly ' s for the rest of her life . we did . we only wish her life could have been longer . she had to be euthanized after eight months due to a tumor that caused colic . run with the wind sweet wolf .
in 1975 , the independent timeform organisation did not give a rating to shangamuzo but awarded him a
p
, indicating that the colt was likely to make more than normal progress , and commented that he was certain to stay one and a half miles . [ 6 ] in the following year , shangamuzo was given a weight of 117 pounds in the official british free handicap , twenty - three pounds below the top - rated vitiges . he was given a rating of 108 by timeform , twenty - one pounds behind their best stayer sagaro , and was described in their annual racehorses of 1976 as
very genuine and consistent
. [ 7 ] in 1977 , shangamuzo ' s timeform rating improved to 121 , twelve pounds behind the best stayers sagaro and dunfermline . in the inaugural international classification , he was given a rating of 84 , ten pounds below the top - rated older horses balmerino and orange bay . [ 8 ] in 1978 , shangamuzo achieved his peak timeform rating of 125 , eight pounds below the best stayer buckskin . in the international classification he was rated seven pounds below buckskin and sixteen pounds behind the top - rated alleged . [ 10 ] his abbreviated 1979 season saw him awarded a 113 rating by timeform . [ 11 ]
henry was associated with many great stayers such as le moss ( 1975 le levanstall ex feemoss by ballymoss ) , ardross ( 1976 run the gauntlet ex le melody by levmoss ) and buckskin ( 1973 yelapa ex bete a bon dieu by herbager ) . he trained a lot of other horses who also made names as national hunt stallions such as gunner b ( 1973 royal gunner ex sweet councillor by privy councillor ) , moscow society ( nijinsky ex afifa by dewan ) . in addition to the previously mentioned leading jumps sire old vic , he also trained the king george winner king’s theatre ( 1991 sadler’s wells ex regal beauty by princely native ) who became champion nh sire .
the horse’s heart weights between 4 - 5 kg . , or about 1 % of their body mass . at rest the horse heart beats 30 - 40 beats per minute . at full speed however , the maximal heart rate ( hr max ) in a 2 - 3 year old racehorse can reach 240 - 250 beats per minute . the heart pumps . 8 - 1 . 2 liters in each beat . cardiac output is calculated by multiplying heart rate ( hr ) x stroke volume ( sv ) . at rest the heart cardiac output is approximately 25 liters per minute and increases to an amazing 300 liters per minute in elite athletes during exercise . therefore , a horse’s heart is capable of pumping a 55 gallon barrel of blood per minute !
after finishing unplaced on his debut at a four - year - old , shangamuzo finished second by a neck to the filly centrocon in the paradise stakes at newbury . in may he ran third to bright finish and grey baron in the yorkshire cup and was then sent to france and finished fourth behind buckskin , sagaro and citoyen in the prix du cadran at longchamp racecourse . at royal ascot , he ran in the two and three quarter mile queen alexandra stakes and finished second behind the six - year - old john cherry , who , as a gelding , was not allowed to compete in many of the major staying races . later in june , shangamuzo reverted to handicaps and ran one of his few poor races when unplaced behind tug of war in the northumberland plate . [ 8 ]
affair , a magnificent thoroughbred racehorse , had been admired by one of speak up ' s board members for several years . her wish was that she could help place him when his racing career ended . in july 2007 , affair suffered a shockingly dangerous fall during a race . luckingly he only suffered a splint bone fracture . his owner retired him and our speak up board member got her wish . affair ' s owner graciously sent him to speak up for rehab . he has recovered and has been adopted by raymond ! thank you to canter ohio ; to leanne and triple lee farm for fostering him ; to dr . barb schmidt , farrier trudy , massage therapist teresa , chiropractor dr . ron ; his rescue angels jessica , annie , paula and susan ; and the many who financially supported his rehab .
by understanding the basics of equine exercise physiology , a racehorse trainer has the advantage of understanding how various physiological systems adapt and respond to training . in designing a comprehensive training plan for each horse the intensity , frequency , duration , and volume of the work is determined . the plan must also incorporate rest and recovery , and avoid overtraining . each new level of training is maintained until the body has adapted to the added stress , after which further increase in training load can be applied . alternating periods of increased workload , with a period of adaptation is known as “progressive loading . ” training should be specific to the event in order to train the appropriate structures and systems , doing work that is similar to racing which elicits neuro - muscular coordination . horses “learn” how to do the event . this principle of conditioning is known as “metabolic specificity . ”
there was no international classification of european two - year - olds in 1975 : the official handicappers of britain , ireland and france compiled separate rankings for horses which competed in those countries . in the british free handicap , gentilhombre was allotted a weight of 124 pounds , making him the eighth best juvenile colt , nine pounds below the top - rated wollow . the independent timeform organisation rated him on 122 , five pounds below wollow and eight behind the french - trained manado . in 1976 timeform gave gentilhombre a rating of 125 , seven pounds behind their best sprinter lochnager . in the british three - year - old ratings he was rated ten pounds below the top - rated vitiges . gentilhombre was timeform ' s best sprinter of 1977 , when he was rated on 131 . in the inaugural international classification , he was rated equal with buckskin as the third best older horse , behind balmerino and orange bay .
shangamuzo , was a big , powerful , dark chestnut horse with a small white star and a white sock on his right hind leg [ 2 ] bred in england by henry rogers broughton , 2nd baron fairhaven . his sire klairon was a top - class racehorse whose wins included the poule d ' essai des poulains in 1955 . apart from shangamuzo , he sired the champion stakes winner lorenzaccio and prix jacques le marois winner luthier . klairon was a representative of the byerley turk sire line , [ 3 ] unlike more than 95 % of modern thoroughbreds , who descend directly from the darley arabian . [ 4 ] shangamuzo was one of several winners produced by his dam french fern , a high - class racemare who won the ribblesdale stakes in 1960 and was rated 118 by timeform . as a descendant of the broodmare french kiss , she was a distant relative of the breeders ' cup mile winner barathea . [ 5 ]
gentilhombre ( 2 april 1973 – 1 january 1992 ) was a british thoroughbred racehorse and sire . as a two - year - old he won four races and finished third in the group two laurent perrier champagne stakes . in the following year he was mainly campaigned at sprint distances and established himself as one of the fastest three - year - olds in europe with wins in the cork and orrery stakes and prix de l ' abbaye . he was even better as a four - year - old , when he was rated the best sprinter in europe after winning the july cup ( on the disqualification of marinsky ) , the diadem stakes and a second prix de l ' abbaye ( in course record time ) . after two unsuccessful runs in 1978 he was retired from racing having won nine of his twenty - four races . he stood as a breeding stallion in europe and japan but had limited success as a sire of winners .
in 1978 , shangamuzo moved to the newmarket stable of michael stoute . on his first appearance for his new trainer , shangamuzo started at odds of 12 / 1 for the sagaro stakes ( formerly the paradise stakes ) on very soft ground at ascot in april . ridden by greville starkey , he took the lead in the straight and drew away from his rivals to win by twelve lengths from the favourite buckskin . in his next two races , shangamuzo finished second to the dick hern - trained five - year - old smuggler in the yorkshire cup and the henry ii stakes . at york , shangamuzo was beaten two lengths by smuggler when attempting to concede three pounds to his rival , but was widely expected to reverse the form at level weights over a longer distance at sandown . in the henry ii stakes , however , shangamuzo appeared to be unsuited by the firm ground , and was beaten two and a half lengths . [ 10 ]
the horse has three basic muscle fiber types : type 1 , type 2a , and type 2b . these fibers have different contractile rates and metabolic energy characteristics . type 1 fibers , also known as “slow twitch” or “red fibers” and have high oxidative capacity and are resistant to fatigue in part related to their high density of mitochondria which can utilize fuels aerobically and have the highest oxidative capacity . mitocondria are the small organelles in the muscle cells that convert fuels ( fats and glycogen ) into atp . they have the highest lipid stores , highest densities of capillaries , and the lowest glycogen stores . they have the lowest glycolytic enzyme capacity of the three fiber types . type 2a are the “intermediate fibers” in terms of both contractile speed and metabolic properties between type 1 and type 2b . these fibers are aerobic , but also use a combination of glycogen and fat for energy generation . the thoroughbred has a high percentage of these “intermediate” fast twitch oxidative fibers that can produce speed and still utilize large amounts of oxygen and resist fatigue . type 2b “fast twitch” fibers have the fastest contractile speed , the largest cross - sectional area , the highest glycogen stores and glycolic capacity . they are ideally suited to short fast bursts of power . they have a low aerobic capacity and tend to depend on anaerobic glycolysis for energy generation . genetics determine muscle type and composition and is 95 % inheritable in humans , and is thought to be highly inheritable in horses ( snow and guy ) . in evaluating the fiber type distribution in a number of breeds of horses , heavy hunters had a very large proportion of type 1 fibers , while thoroughbreds and quarter horses had few type 1 fibers and a large number of the faster contracting 2a and 2b types . the percentage of each fiber type that a particular breed has in its muscle depends on the type of performance the breed is selected . thoroughbreds have the highest number of the highly aerobic 2a fibers , illustrating the importance of oxygen utilizing pathways in the thoroughbred racehorse . researchers also found that thoroughbred stayers have a high number of type 1 fibers than either sprinters or middle distance horses . unfortunately , within a breed , the spread in fiber type distribution is so small that fiber typing as a predictor of performance is probably of limited value . muscle strength , size and shape can be predictive of muscle fiber ratios . although each muscle may have a fiber type mix , generally a higher percentage of the “fast twitch” ( type 2 ) fibers are found in the horse’s hindquarters providing power , whereas the “slow twitch” ( type 1 ) are found in the forelimbs providing stride , rhythm and a weight bearing role .
rose grower and exam cheat who almost roasted the queen mother ; part three of our series celebrating henry cecil features an a - z guide by steve dennis , telling you everything you need to know about the racing legend . - free online library
rose grower and exam cheat who almost roasted the queen mother ; part three of our series celebrating henry cecil features an a - z guide by steve dennis , telling you everything you need to know about the racing legend .
mla style :
rose grower and exam cheat who almost roasted the queen mother ; part three of our series celebrating henry cecil features an a - z guide by steve dennis , telling you everything you need to know about the racing legend . .
the free library . 2010 mgn ltd 09 jul . 2018 urltoken
chicago style : the free library . s . v . rose grower and exam cheat who almost roasted the queen mother ; part three of our series celebrating henry cecil features an a - z guide by steve dennis , telling you everything you need to know about the racing legend . .
retrieved jul 09 2018 from urltoken
apa style : rose grower and exam cheat who almost roasted the queen mother ; part three of our series celebrating henry cecil features an a - z guide by steve dennis , telling you everything you need to know about the racing legend . . ( n . d . ) > the free library . ( 2014 ) . retrieved jul 09 2018 from urltoken
aberdeen nearest town to cecil ' s place of birth , an event that took place on january 11 , 1943 . also ardross , superb stayer trained by cecil to win two gold cups ( 1981 , 82 ) , the prix royal - oak , the goodwood cup and doncaster cup , as well as six other group races . at the age of six , he may well have added the 1982 prix de l ' arc de triomphe to that list but for being slightly held up in his challenge ; he finished strongly but was beaten a head . in his autobiography , on the level , cecil says :
he was so close to winning the greatest race in the world it was heartbreaking . ardross was a great horse .
also approval , the first of his ten winners of the race that is now the racing post trophy , and irish oaks winner alydaress .
celestial cloud cecil ' s first winner , on may 17 , 1969 in a ripon maiden . cecil had made a less than auspicious start to his career as a trainer , and desperation was beginning to set in by the time he finally got off the mark . also commander in chief , the third of his four derby winners , and cloonagh , his first classic winner anywhere when she landed the 1973 irish 1 , 000 guineas .
david cecil ' s twin brother , younger by around ten minutes . a comrade in arms at sunningdale prep school and canford school , david owned a couple of greyhounds with his elder brother after leaving school as well as being complicit in other varied examples of high - jinks . the twins ' paths diverged after a year at cirencester agricultural college ; david trained briefly but gained high renown in lambourn as landlord of the hare and hounds pub . he died in 2000 , at the early age of 57 .
eight oaks wins . it took cecil some time to capture his first oaks , which came in 1985 courtesy of eventual fillies ' triple crown winner oh so sharp , but after her the winners came in a torrent . diminuendo was next , in 1988 , although the unlucky scimitarra would have put her name on the roll of honour the previous year but for breaking down a furlong out with victory in sight . in 1989 snow bride was runner - up behind aliysa , but was later awarded the race after the winner tested positive for a prohibited substance . lady carla made it four in 1996 ; reams of verse ( 1997 ) , ramruma ( 1999 ) and love divine ( 2000 ) stretched the sequence , and light shift made it eight with a truly emotional success in 2007 . freemason lodge cecil ' s base in newmarket when he first took out a licence . his stepfather cecil boyd - rochfort had trained there since 1923 and the young cecil became his assistant in november 1964 , taking over on boyd - rochfort ' s retirement at the end of 1968 . a year later freemason lodge was sold , and cecil moved to marriott stables on the hamilton road . at the end of 1976 , cecil bought warren place from his father - in - law sir noel murless and has trained from the hilltop base ever since .
gucci the ever - present footwear of the master of warren place . also gin and lime , which was cecil ' s drink of choice in his younger days and which led to the loss of several pairs of binoculars through
forgetfulness
.
horticulture cecil is rightly famed for his rose garden , and his vegetable garden is its equal for variety and quality . there are few things that don ' t grow at warren place ; should newmarket ever become besieged by an invading army , cecil would be able to sit out any length of occupation without fear of a change of diet . there are chickens too . also hermes ties .
indian skimmer ghost - grey filly who was named after a rare breed of tern and lit up the late 1980s with a series of superlative performances . her victories included the prix de diane , in which she robbed the great miesque of her unbeaten record , the irish champion stakes and the champion stakes . before the last - named she was reluctant to go to the start , so cecil walked her all the way down the rowley mile , no doubt ruining a perfectly good pair of loafers in the process . his calming influence worked wonders ; she strolled home by four lengths .
jane cecil ' s third wife . also julie , his first wife , and jake , his youngest son .
katie cecil ' s eldest child and his only daughter . also kris , who won 14 of his 16 races ; one of those defeats came in the 2 , 000 guineas , in which he was outrun by tap on wood . he went on to win the st james ' s palace stakes , the sussex stakes , the queen elizabeth ii stakes and the lockinge stakes , before going under by a neck to guineas winner known fact in a thrilling contest for the qeii stakes . at stud , he sired oh so sharp among many other stars .
lily an elderly grey belgian griffon , the apple of cecil ' s eye . the conventional master - pet relationship appears to have been inverted in this instance . there is only one boss , and cecil isn ' t it . also le moss , dual winner of the gold cup and dual winner of the stayers ' triple crown , which involves the goodwood cup and doncaster cup . le moss ' s 1980 gold cup win was named by cecil as his favourite race in a racing post poll , when he said :
rather sentimentally , i am going for a race in which i was involved . le moss was lame through april and box - rested , yet despite being without a race that season he still led all the way .
murless sir noel , master trainer and cecil ' s father - in - law , source of the snippet of advice that helped a novice trainer in his formative years .
after watching my string work one day , he told me , ' your horses are galloping like a lot of old gentlemen . you must make them work ! ' ,
wrote cecil in on the level .
i have never been more grateful for a piece of advice .
also midday , cecil ' s first breeders ' cup winner , successful in the 2009 filly & mare turf .
noel cecil ' s eldest son . also newmarket , the suffolk town in which cecil does not train . his yard at warren place is some way out of the town , and actually falls within the parish of moulton . also natalie , cecil ' s second wife .
on the level cecil ' s thoroughly readable autobiography , published in 1983 and the source of a number of highly entertaining anecdotes concerning his younger days . for instance , he and his brother david were the first pupils at sunningdale prep school to fail the common entrance exam for eton , and it was only thanks to a cheating incident at their cramming establishment , when an invigilator had to go and tend to his rhubarb , that the twins passed the exam to gain entrance to dorset public school canford . also , in an early enslavement to fashion , cecil relates the tale of the new suede boots he purchased in order to look the part when working at greentree stud in kentucky . they were two sizes too small .
i have rarely been more miserable ,
he writes . he also part - roasted the queen mother when placing her too close to a roaring fire during dinner at freemason lodge ; find a copy of the book and you will not be disappointed . also oath , cecil ' s most recent derby winner , oh so sharp , brilliant winner of the 1985 fillies ' triple crown , and dual classic winner old vic .
pierre de ronsard one of the prime specimens in cecil ' s large collection of roses , which climbs on an outside wall of warren place . pierre de ronsard is a cream - coloured bloom with internal unfolded petals suffused with a carmine blush . that ' s what it says in my gardening book , anyhow ; the plant itself is a thing of splendour .
queen alexandra stakes the first race won by cecil at royal ascot , the victory of parthenon in 1970 becoming the outrider for 71 further triumphs at the meeting . also quexioss , certainly not one of cecil ' s most notable runners but almost certainly his leading points - scorer in a game of scrabble . rose cecil ' s racing silks are rose , white braces , grey cap . his rosegrowing fame has almost outstripped his renown for training racehorses , although he takes a typically laid - back attitude to the art .
people think i ' m a great authority on roses ,
he once told richard edmondson of the independent ,
but i ' m not really . it ' s just a question of buying them and putting them in . if they die , you put another one in .
also reference point , winner of the derby , king george and st leger in 1987 and the best horse in cecil ' s best season .
soldiers lead ones , a substantial collection of which are meticulously painted and arrayed in a cabinet in cecil ' s study . his father - also henry - was also a soldier ; he was killed in action with the parachute regiment in north africa two weeks before cecil was born . also slip anchor , cecil ' s first derby winner and one of the most memorable ever , his victory being a masterclass of front - running and pace judgement by jockey steve cauthen . also self - deprecation , cecil ' s stock - in - trade .
tten trainers ' championships . cecil led the way in 1976 , 78 , 79 , 82 , 84 , 85 , 87 , 88 , 90 and 93 ( in win money only ) . his most prolific season
uup the flagpole , where the cecil standard goes whenever he trains a group 1 winner . the cecil flag - his scottish coat of arms consisting of three holly leaves and a horn - flies for a week after such an occurrence , with its most recent airing coming last november after midday ' s breeders ' cup win .
victim the fashion sort . brightly hued patchwork trousers and white shoes were once a feature , purple checks were sighted , and there was also a pair of trousers embroidered with ducks . jim joel once told julie cecil that
all he needs is a banjo and he could join the black and white minstrels
. these days his tastes are as finely tailored as ever but a good deal more conservative .
hollow cecil ' s first group winner , who put the young trainer in the headlines in his first season with a comfortable success in the eclipse stakes . also wollow , son of wolver hollow and winner of the 2 , 000 guineas , eclipse stakes , sussex stakes and benson & hedges gold cup . also 1 , 000 guineas winner wince .
rated rides . examples are lester piggott yashmak cecil ' s first grade 1 winner in the us , the filly landing the flower bowl invitational handicap at belmont park in october 1997 .
henry cecil great wolver xx - aboard vacarme in the 1983 richmond stakes at goodwood which , although seemingly innocuous , brought disqualification and the inevitable departure of daniel wildenstein from cecil ' s roster of owners , and kieren fallon ' s nightmare on bosra sham in the 1997 eclipse stakes , when he made traffic problems for himself in a five - runner field and left the trainer almost speechless with fury .
zone when cecil was ' in it ' , there were few who could approach him for prolonged success . ahmed salman may have put it better than most when , after his oath had won the 1999 derby , he turned to the waiting media and said :
winning classics is easy . you just buy a horse and send it to henry cecil .
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in his sole year of racing . as a stallion saratoga is represented by stakes winners and the earners
broken in by trainer ready to be trained for track racing . 3 year old filly out of el padrino
this ad is for a two horse racing partnership in two pennsylvania bred colts that will run in pennsylvania and the midatlantic . the first colt is by the…
court jester is an off the track qh with only ten starts and 60 days of western riding . hes full of athleticism very light in his mouth experienced youth…
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the thoroughbred has a remarkably colorful genetic palette , ranging from ordinary bays to dazzling dominant white pintos . this page will delve into the mechanisms behind the colors as well as dispel some common misunderstandings about thoroughbred color . for a more in depth discussion of equine color genetics in general , please see my main horse color page . most of the photos here are ones i saved on my computer ages ago to use as reference photos for my artwork , so i don ' t know who some of the photos are by . if you see one of yours , please let me know , and i will be more than happy to list you as the photographer and add a link to your webpage or email if you have one . also , i ' m always interested in seeing pix of unusually colored tbs , so feel free to email me if you have a unique picture to share . thanks !
black is a rare color for thoroughbreds , even though it is dominant to chestnut , the other base color . pictured at right is the aussie champion lonhro , a magnificent true black thoroughbred stallion . true black horses will not have any brown hairs in their coat , unlike brown or dark bay horses , who may look black , but who usually have brown hairs on their muzzles , flanks , and inner forearms and thighs . some black horses will fade with sun exposure - - - usually observable as brown hairs in the mane and tail - - - but it is only temporary , much like human hair will lighten in the summer . ( photo by ? )
chestnut is recessive to black ( and all black - based colors ) . chestnuts vary in shade in from a light golden color to red to liver . some even have have flaxen manes and tails .
bay is the most common color of thoroughbreds , and it is actually a modification of the black base color . the agouti gene acts to lighten the hairs on the body , but it does not affect the legs , mane or tail , which is why they remain black . agouti acts only on black body hairs , so a chestnut horse can carry the gene and pass it along to its offspring , but because chestnuts have no black hairs , the agouti gene has no observable effect on the coat . pictured at left is touch gold , a light bay . ( photo by tony leonard )
bay comes in many shades , including a lovely reddish shade often referred to as blood bay or bright bay . awesome again is a nice example of this color . ( photo by tony leonard )
brown is also a common color in thoroughbreds . . like bay , it is a modification of the black base coat by an allele located at the same locus where agouti would be present . horses that are bay carry the agouti allele in either the homozygous dominant form [ aa ] or the heterzygous dominant form [ aa ] . horses that are not bay are considered ' aa . ' brown horses have been genetically tested to determine that they do not carry ' a ' or ' a ' but an allele present at the same locus known as ' at . ' thus they are neither bay or just black , but rather something else entirely , namely
brown .
seattle slew was great example of this color . brown horses have a black coat except for telltale brown hairs on their muzzles , flanks , and inner forearms and thighs . ( photo by anne eberhardt )
a headshot of slew , showing his ( slightly sunbleached ) black coat and lighter muzzle . ( photo by anne eberhardt )
unlike agouti , which can only act on the black gene , cream can modify any color it acts in conjunction with , though it is most commonly seen combined with chestnut , bay , and black . the cream gene is an incomplete dominant , meaning it is always expressed when it ' s present , but it acts differently in its heterozygous ( 1 copy of the gene ) and homozygous ( 2 copies of the gene ) states . simply put , horses with one copy of the cream gene will have a diluted coat ; horses with 2 copies will have a doubly diluted coat . double dilutes always have blue eyes . the cream gene does not effect black hairs in it ' s single form , only in it ' s double form .
when chestnut is combined with one cream gene , the resulting color is palomino . just like chestnut , palomino ranges in intensity and shade . king ' s ransom , pictured at left , is an example of a pale palomino . he is owned by stoneybrooke farm . ( photo by milynda milam . )
the late glitter please , pictured at left , was a lovely darker palomino . he was the only palomino colored tb stallion in the world with an impressive show resume in fei dressage . ( photo by terri miller . )
this is rff the alchemist , a cremello son of king ' s ransom , pictured above . cremello occurs when a chestnut coat is combined with 2 cream genes ( one from each parent ) . though he looks white , he is actually a very pale cream color . white markings are discernable on double dilutes . ( bred by red fox farm , owned by gestuet falkenhorst , photo by gestuet falkenhorst . )
perlino occurs when a bay coat is combined with 2 cream genes ( one from each parent ) . two cream genes do dilute the black points of the horse , often leaving a reddish cast to the points . rff platinum , a rare perlino daughter of rff king ' s ransom ( by milkie ' s desire ) out of a glitter please daughter .
as is mentioned above , a single creme gene has very little , if any , effect on a black coat , so smoky blacks are hard to identify unless their pedigree is known or unless they produce cream dilute foals . this is tcf nightlight , the first known smoky black tb . she is by guaranteed gold out of puchi trap ( by puchilingui ) .
this horse is also not a tb ( he ' s an akhal - teke ) , but he is a smoky cream . notice how his black coat has been dramatically diluted because he carries 2 cream genes .
tcf palladium is the first known smoky cream tb , and foal pictures of him can be seen on the true colors farm website .
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valentino . . . .
tino
: 2014 chestnut thoroughbred colt . congratulations to our local trainer moriah who is head over heels with this wonderful boy .
paint : 2009 paint who came to us as an unhandled stallion in the spring of 2013 . he has been gelded and completed 10 months of professional training . perfect for the advanced rider to continue taking him into any dirfection . congratulations to julie .
max , 2001 thoroughbred gelding , has been ridden , currently in training . light cribber in the stall . personality plus , extremely well behaved and gets along very well with other horses . enjoying his new home with laura and her other horses .
motown train : 2006 thoroughbred gelding by devil his due . unraced and sound . now learning the ropes with adopters annie and nick .
simon : may 2010 bay quarter horse colt , out of dolly . simon likes to talk , make faces , and grab the attention of anyone within his sight . he likes to move and we expect him to grow up to be a big boy . for an experienced horseperson that wants a bold and charismatic partner…here he is . congratulations to julie and family .
ethel : bay quarter horse mare , 2 years old ; moved to blind horse sanctuary . thank you karen .
mate : bay quarter horse gelding , 6 years old ; congratulations to lisa and chelsey .
fancy : 2005 thoroughbred mare . 16
3 hands and gorgeous . has had some training after her racing career . found her new home with maryann .
honor : 2008 thoroughbred gelding . approx . 15 . 2 hands . this beauty is very kind , sweet and willing . he is a perfect gentleman with the vet and farrier . he loads in and out of a trailer with no problem . four month of professional retraining under saddle . congratulations to our volunteer molly .
jolene : dark bay quarter horse mare ; 5 years old , branded . congratulations maryann .
sweetie : quarter horse mare , 12 years old . congratulations vivian . sweetie gave birth to a beautiful healthy filly on 03 / 02 / 2010 .
candy : liver chestnut quarter horse mare ; 9 years old . congratulations to april .
mr . mom , 1998 tennessee walking horse gelding , has been ridden by teenagers , very sweet personality , curious and gets along very well with other horses . congratulations to jeannie
jackson , a wonderful thoroughbred , was saved out of the kill pen at the shepherdsville , kentucky horse auction several years ago . at some point he was donated to a riding facility to be used in 4h classes . after he came up lame , the owner of the riding facility decided to
get rid
of him . his prior owner called us for help and speak up for horses was able to secure jackson and transition him into a loving forever home , where he is undergoing treatment for epm .
costly shoes , an older broodmare , needed a forever home after her owner decided to retire her . with the help of one of our wonderful volunteers , a home was found in florida . she will live out the rest of her days on a 900 acre plantation . as an added bonus , her fantastic new family has already adopted several other thoroughbreds , including one of costly shoes very own sons . mom and son are reunited .
we were able to secure five mustang mares from their owners who were charged with animal neglect in 2007 in harrison county , ky . all five were placed in a local foster home , where they thrived . under the loving care of john they regained their health and weight . two of these lovely mares were adopted by our foster family and will live happily in the bluegrass for the rest of their lives . the other three were adopted by paula and are happily staying together for the rest of their lives in a small private sanctuary . two of these three have been together since they were captured by the blm way back in 1996 .


the red-naped bushshrike or red-naped boubou ( laniarius ruficeps ) is a species of bird in the malaconotidae family , which is native to the dry lowlands of the eastern afrotropics .

red - naped bushshrike

red - naped bushshrike ( laniarius ruficeps ) is a species of bird in the malaconotidae family .
this article is part of project malaconotidae , a all birds project that aims to write comprehensive articles on each bushshrike , including made - up species .
thank you for taking the time to provide feedback on the iucn red list of threatened species website , we are grateful for your input .
fry , h . ( 2018 ) . red - naped bush - shrike ( laniarius ruficeps ) . in : del hoyo , j . , elliott , a . , sargatal , j . , christie , d . a . & de juana , e . ( eds . ) . handbook of the birds of the world alive . lynx edicions , barcelona . ( retrieved from urltoken on 9 july 2018 ) .
18–19 cm ; one male 35 g , female 29–33·4 g . male nominate race has forehead black , crown , nape and hindneck bright orange - rufous or rufous - red , well - defined . . .
( sharpe , 1895 ) – ec , s & se ethiopia , c & s somalia ( except se coast ) and ne & se kenya .
( erlanger , 1901 ) – s somalia coastal lowlands and adjacent e kenya ( kiunga ) .
not well known ; varied , described as creaking ( like sound of fishing reel ) , and harsh cawing very . . .
adult and larval insects . forages on ground and lower branches in thickets , where it hunts silently , moving rapidly but furtively ; . . .
poorly known . season may . solitary breeder ; possibly at times loosely colonial , with old ( 1920 ) record of 14 individuals found at kyal , in . . .
not globally threatened . patchily distributed , and uncommon to locally common . in somalia , present in nw in burao region , common at kyal , and patchily distributed from coast . . .
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del hoyo , j . , collar , n . j . , christie , d . a . , elliott , a . , fishpool , l . d . c . , boesman , p . and kirwan , g . m . 2016 . hbw and birdlife international illustrated checklist of the birds of the world . volume 2 : passerines . lynx edicions and birdlife international , barcelona , spain and cambridge , uk .
justification : this species has a very large range , and hence does not approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the range size criterion ( extent of occurrence < 20 , 000 km2 combined with a declining or fluctuating range size , habitat extent / quality , or population size and a small number of locations or severe fragmentation ) . the population trend appears to be stable , and hence the species does not approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the population trend criterion ( > 30 % decline over ten years or three generations ) . the population size has not been quantified , but it is not believed to approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the population size criterion ( < 10 , 000 mature individuals with a continuing decline estimated to be > 10 % in ten years or three generations , or with a specified population structure ) . for these reasons the species is evaluated as least concern .
the global population size has not been quantified , but the species is described as uncommon to locally common ( harris and franklin 2000 ) . trend justification : the population is suspected to be stable in the absence of evidence for any declines or substantial threats .
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myavibase allows you to create and manage your own lifelists , and produce useful reports to help you plan your next birding excursion .
there are more than 12 , 000 regional checklists in avibase , offered in 9 different taxonomies , including synonyms more than 175 languages . each checklist can be viewed with photos shared by the birding community , and also printed as pdf checklists for field use .
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howard and moore 4th edition ( incl . corrigenda vol . 1 - 2 ) :
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english french online dictionary term bank , where you can search in more than 2 million words in categories and different pronunciation options .
this article is part of project aves , a all birds project that aims to write comprehensive articles on each bird , including made - up species .
this article is part of project passeriformes , a all birds project that aims to write comprehensive articles on each passerine , including made - up species .
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