the pacific footballfish ( himantolophus sagamius ) is a species found in the pacific : kuril-kamchatka trough , coast of the hokkaido and honshu islands ( gulf of sagami ) , and from california to peru .

pacific footballfish

pacific footballfish , himantolophus sagamius ( tanaka ) ( teleostei : himantolophidae ) , found in the surf - zone at del mar , san diego county , california
by cynthia klepadlo , phillip a . hastings et al .
pacific : new guinea , japan , hawaiian islands , california ( u . s . a . ) , ecuador .
pacific footballfish , himantolophus sagamius ( tanaka ) ( teleostei : himantolophidae ) , found in the surf - zone at del mar , san diego county , california , with . . . ( southern california academy of sciences ) publisher : learn how customers can search inside this book . more
in 1985 , deep - sea fishermen in monterey bay , california , hauled up their nets to find a menacing - looking fish with a 6 - inch - long globular body , prickly skin , needle - sharp teeth , miniscule eyes , and a strange stalk on its head . this was the same pacific footballfish ( himantolophus sagamius ) we now have in our collections , and one of more than 300 living species of anglerfish ( of the order lophiiformes ) found around the world .
h . sagamius lives in the pacific ocean at depths of 2 , 000 to 3 , 300 feet , where sunlight doesn ' t penetrate . food is scarce in the deep , and chance encounters in total darkness are rare , so the footballfish have evolved to feed on whatever fits in its mouth—including other fish , squid , and crustaceans . using its esca as a lure , an anglerfish remains motionless until prey comes within striking distance . in a lightning - fast motion , it sucks the prey into its mouth , where its teeth—which point inward—ensure that what goes in doesn’t come out .
greek , himas or himantos = leather strap , thong or leash ( referring to the thick leathery illicium ) + greek , lopho or lophio = crest or tuft ( referring to the baited illicium projecting from the head ) ( ref . 86949 )
marine ; bathypelagic ; depth range 613 - 1200 m ( ref . 82206 ) . deep - water
maturity : l m ? range ? - ? cm max length : 20 . 0 cm sl male / unsexed ; ( ref . 82206 )
dorsal soft rays ( total ) : 5 ; anal soft rays : 4 . distinguishing characteristics of adult female : length of anterior escal appendage 11 - 38 % sl ; distal escal appendage 6 . 2 - 11 % sl ; blunt distal lobes of esca ; posterior escal appendage 12 - 41 % sl , simple or with bifid tip ; posterolateral appendages 2 - 4 pairs , situated on and below base of escal bulb , length of distal and longest pair 30 - 45 % sl ( ref . 86949 ) .
pietsch , t . w . , 1999 . himantolophidae . footballfishes ( deep - sea anglerfishes ) . p . 2029 . in k . e . carpenter and v . h . niem ( eds . ) fao species identification guide for fishery purposes . the living marine resources of the wcp . vol . 3 . batoid fishes , chimaeras and bony fishes part 1 ( elopidae to linophrynidae ) . fao , rome . ( ref . 12944 )
) : 4 . 3 - 7 . 8 , mean 5 . 7 ( based on 325 cells ) .
phylogenetic diversity index ( ref . 82805 ) : pd 50 = 0 . 5000 [ uniqueness , from 0 . 5 = low to 2 . 0 = high ] .
bayesian length - weight : a = 0 . 01995 ( 0 . 00906 - 0 . 04395 ) , b = 3 . 01 ( 2 . 83 - 3 . 19 ) , in cm total length , based on all lwr estimates for this body shape ( ref . 93245 ) .
trophic level ( ref . 69278 ) : 4 . 5 ±0 . 37 se ; based on food items .
vulnerability ( ref . 59153 ) : low vulnerability ( 14 of 100 ) .
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the first spine of an anglefish ' s dorsal fins , called the illicium , extends outward to end in a fleshy , phosphorescent bulb ( or esca ) , which the fish use to lure prey . male and female anglerfish differ dramatically in size , with some females measuring up to ten times larger than their male counterparts . the males of some anglerfish species , including the football fish , have evolved into “sexual parasites . ” using well - developed olfactory organs , they find and fuse themselves to females , eventually losing their eyes , internal organs , and everything else but the testes . the male becomes a permanent appendage that draws nutrition from its female host and serves as an easily accessible source of sperm .
the bioluminescent glow of an anglerfish ' s esca comes from bacteria . these photobacteria ( light - emitting bacteria ) flow into the esca through small pores ; once inside , they multiply due to the protection and nutrition provided by its host .
fish biomass estimates now 10 times as high as previously thought in the deep sea .
anelasma squalicola , a parasitic barnacle , sucks the life and the reproductive capabilities out of its host .
welcome to the twilight zone of the ocean , where the sun barely reaches and the fish have big eyes .
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cynthia klepadlo , university of california at san diego phillip a . hastings , university of california at san diego richard h . rosenblatt , university of california at san diego
pietsch tw . 2009 . oceanic anglerfishes : extraordinary diversity in the deep sea . berkley : university of california press . 638 p .
holotype of corynolophus sagamius : originally scmt 8201 ( lost or mislaid at zumt ) , 200 mm sl .
within the size range of 111–274 mm , no distinct changes evident in relative lengths of illicium and escal appendages or in diameter of escal bulb with increasing size of specimens ( the low value for length of the distal escal appendage of ish 18 / 55a , obtained from the stomach of a sperm whale , may be due to shrinkage , and the short posterior escal appendage of mcz 29854 appears to have been broken ) . each primary branch of distal escal appendage with a simple or bifurcated tip and a pair of short side branches ; anterior escal appendage simple in most specimens , bifurcated distally in ish 18 / 55b and an additional short appendage above and / or below anterior escal appendage present in lacm 43760 - 1 , ish 18 / 55b , and mcz 29854 ; posterior escal appendage simple in most specimens , bifurcated distally in ish 18 / 55a ; distal - most pair of illicial appendages bifurcate ; illicial appendages and anterior and posterior escal appendages black , with bright silvery tips in fresh and recently preserved specimens ; body and fin rays uniformly black or dark brown ; papillae of snout and chin low and darkly pigmented ; illicial stem , esca , and escal appendages densely covered with small dermal spinules ; 4 or 5 large skin spines on each pectoral peduncle , 40–75 spines on each side of body ( in specimens 111–274 mm ) ; dorsal - fin rays 5 ; anal - fin rays 4 ; pectoral - fin rays 15–18 . the three tentatively identified specimens ( 32–40 mm ) are juveniles , that differ from the larger specimens described above in having much shorter relative lengths of the escal appendages , including a distal escal appendage of 1 . 0–1 . 6 % sl , less distinct snout and chin papillae , and fewer teeth and dermal spines .
himantolophus sagamius has been recorded from off japan and along the west coast of the americas from off northern california to ecuador and chile . two of the three tentatively identified specimens were caught at nearly the same position in the halmahera sea ; the third specimen is from off hawaii .
females of the h . groenlandicus - group differ from those of other species of the genus in having the following combination of character states : the light - guiding distal escal appendage is divided at the base , its total length 0 . 4–2 % sl , shorter than the diameter of the escal bulb in specimens less than 110 mm , 1–11 % sl in larger specimens . each primary branch of the distal escal appendage has a simple or bifurcated tip and 0–2 tiny papilliform side branches . the base of the distal appendage is surrounded by four escal lobes of about equal size . an anterior escal appendage is present in most species ( but rudimentary or absent in h . paucifilosus ) , its length 1 . 5–42 % sl . the posterior escal appendage is longer ( about 1 . 5–34 % sl ) than the distal escal appendage ; its proximal part is undivided , with a simple bifurcated tip , or it is trifurcated ( but never bifurcated ) at its base ( in some specimens it is represented by a transverse series of 2–3 separate , simple filaments ) . two to 23 posterolateral appendages are present on and below the base of the escal bulb , the distal - most pair measuring 5 . 9–49 % sl , longer than the posterior escal appendage , and emerging just below the base of the bulb . small dermal spinules are present on the stem of the illicium , the escal bulb , and the escal appendages of specimens greater than 33 mm . the dermal papillae of the snout and chin are low and rather indistinct . the skin is devoid of “white patches . ” the caudal - fin rays are white or only faintly pigmented , with dark tips in specimens less than 70–100 mm , but covered with dark pigment in larger specimens .
20 . 0 cm sl ( male / unsexed ; ( ref . 82206 ) )
distinguishing characteristics of adult female : length of anterior escal appendage 11 - 38 % sl ; distal escal appendage 6 . 2 - 11 % sl ; blunt distal lobes of esca ; posterior escal appendage 12 - 41 % sl , simple or with bifid tip ; posterolateral appendages 2 - 4 pairs , situated on and below base of escal bulb , length of distal and longest pair 30 - 45 % sl ( ref . 86949 ) .
adult females ( 111–380 mm ) of himantolophus sagamius differ from those of all other species of the himantolophus groenlandicus - group in having the following combination of character states : length of anterior escal appendage 11–38 % sl ; distal escal appendage 6 . 2–11 % ( 3 . 1 % ? ) sl ; distal lobes of esca blunt ; posterior escal appendage 12–41 % sl , simple or with bifid tip ; 2–4 pairs of posterolateral appendages situated on and below base of escal bulb , length of distal and longest pair 30–45 % sl .
bathypelagic ; marine ; depth range 613 - 1200 m ( ref . 82206 )
the following is a representative barcode sequence , the centroid of all available sequences for this species . there is 1 barcode sequence available from bold and genbank .
below is the sequence of the barcode region cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 ( coi or cox1 ) from a member of the species .
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froese , r . & d . pauly ( editors ) . ( 2018 ) . fishbase . world wide web electronic publication . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of corynolophus sagamius tanaka , 1918 ) froese , r . & d . pauly ( editors ) . ( 2018 ) . fishbase . world wide web electronic publication . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
intergovernmental oceanographic commission ( ioc ) of unesco . the ocean biogeographic information system ( obis ) , available online at urltoken [ details ]


sunshack ( foaled 8 february 1991 ) is a british-bred thoroughbred racehorse and sire who was trained in france and the united states .

he showed very good form as a two-year-old in 1993 when he won two of his four races including the criterium de saint-cloud .

in the following year he struggled for form before ending his season with a win in the prix du conseil de paris .

he reached his peak as a four-year-old in 1995 when he won the prix jean de chaudenay , defeated a world-class field in the coronation cup and then stepped up in distance to take the prix royal-oak .

his later career was limited by injury and he failed to win again .

he stood as a breeding stallion in japan and france with very little success .

sunshack

sunshack pop up beach shade - uv30 + protection sun shelter . compact , light , easy , affordable
after raintrap , suntrap produced sunshack . after that she was introduced to sadler ' s wells , a preeminent stallion , but she lost that foal and in recent years has had problems getting in foal .
marlin , the high weight sunday at 119 pounds , beat sunshack by three - quarters of a length in the san luis rey stakes on march 23 , but that was at 1 1 / 2 miles . sunshack , a 6 - year - old with large lungs , might have the advantage at the capistrano distance , which at nearly 1 3 / 4 miles is about a quarter of a mile longer .
the frenchman has taken the prize five times - with saint estephe ( 1986 ) , in the wings ( 1990 ) , apple tree ( 1994 ) , sunshack ( 1995 ) and swain ( 1996 ) .
sunshack ciders are made with love in mittagong , nsw , using only the finest apples and pears , and pure water from our sandstone spring . they’re a perfect pair to share with good friends and good times .
sip on a tall glass of sunshack cider over ice and you’ll experience mouth - filling pure fruit flavours , perfectly balanced with a medium - to - dry sweetness , fine acidity and refreshingly crisp finish . you’ll love it .
raintrap was a chestnut horse bred in england by his owner khalid abdullah ' s juddmonte farms . he was sired by rainbow quest who won the prix de l ' arc de triomphe before becoming a very successful breeding stallion . rainbow quest ' s other progeny included quest for fame , saumarez , sunshack , nedawi , armiger , spectrum and millenary . [ 3 ] sunshack ' s dam suntrap was a successful racemare who won three minor races and finished third in both the prix d ' aumale [ 4 ] and the lupe stakes . [ 5 ] as a broodmare went on to produce raintrap ' s full - brother sunshack . [ 6 ] raintrap was sent into training with andre fabre in france .
bon point races for juddmonte , the stable name for prince khalid abdullah of saudi arabia . juddmonte owns only 25 % of sunshack , having sold the rest of the horse to californians robert and geri witt , who raced him for the first time in the san luis rey .
khalid abdullah , victorious with rainbow quest ( 1985 ) and sunshack ( 1995 ) , is also responsible for brass ring ( john gosden ) and retirement plan ( lady cecil ) , who both had three starts last season , each winning a maiden and a handicap , before having their seasons cut short through injury .
juddmonte farms , which raced suntrap , bred her back to rainbow quest the next year , and that resulted in the colt sunshack , who has a good chance sunday at santa anita to win the 58th running of the capistrano . it would be rare indeed for full brothers to win a major stake in consecutive years .
shanawi , brice blanc , 113 pounds ; awad , pat day , 117 ; marlin , chris mccarron , 119 ; african dancer , mike smith , 113 ; joy of glory , julio garcia , 111 ; bon point , corey nakatani , 115 ; poliglote , alex solis , 117 ; and sunshack , kent desormeaux , 118 .
a r dennis : 5 - 1 lammtarra , 8 - 1 carnegie , 10 - 1 hernando , tamure , 12 - 1 winged love , 14 - 1 pure grain , valanour , 16 - 1 presenting , sunshack , 20 - 1 swain , 25 - 1 angel in my heart , diamond mix , lando , luso , strategic choice , 33 - 1 others .
his sire rainbow quest , champion older horse in europe , won the prix de larc de triomphe ( albeit on protest ) and has sired some sixty - six stakes winners at stud including the champions saumarez , raintrap , sunshack , and group one winners knights baroness , croco rouge , spectrum , armiger , rainbow dancer , right generation , nedwai , edabiya and japanese horse of the year sakura laurel .
the french classic clean sweep was achieved in 2004 when american post took the poule d’essai des poulains . that followed the earlier juddmonte home - bred french classic triumphs in the prix du jockey club ( 1990 sanglamore ) , poule d’essai des pouliches ( 1990 houseproud , 2002 zenda ) , prix de diane hermes ( 1992 jolypha , 2003 nebraska tornado ) and prix royal oak ( 1993 raintrap and 1995 sunshack ) .
a full - brother to raintrap , sunshack is one of eight fabre entries for the derby . he fulfilled his potential when beating zindari , a previous pattern race winner who was fourth to lost world in the grand criterium , by an effortless four lengths in the criterium de saint - cloud over 10 furlongs and has outstanding claims for the prix du jockey - club or derby . ( a fabre for k abdullah )
ladbrokes : 5 - 1 lammtarra , 10 - 1 hernando , pure grain , carnegie , 14 - 1 tamure , winged love , 16 - 1 sunshack , 20 - 1 lando , strategic choice , swain , valanour , 25 - 1 freedom cry , luso , millkom , monsun , muncie , only royale , poliglote , richard of york , rifapour , singspiel , spectrum , song of tara , 33 - 1 others .
the $ 400 , 000 san juan capistrano , which will be run on the second - last day of santa anita ' s 86 - day season , drew eight horses , including sunshack ' s stablemate , bon point , who will also be saddled by trainer bobby frankel . bon point , a 7 - year - old who last won in the oak tree championship at santa anita in october , finished fifth in the san luis rey .
sir michael stoute enjoyed successive coronation cup victories with saddlers’ hall in 1992 and outstanding middle - distance performer opera house a year later , before fabre rattled off a hat - trick of wins , starting with apple tree in 1994 , who had been demoted from second 12 months earlier . the french trainer returned in 1995 to saddle sunshack to victory and celebrated another win the following year when subsequent dual king george vi & queen elizabeth stakes winner swain took the spoils by a neck .
1984 alphabatim ( 5th ) , cataldi ( 16th ) ; 1985 damister ( 3rd ) ; 1986 dancing brave ( 2nd ) ; 1987 bellotto ( 3rd ) ; 1990 quest for fame ( won ) , digression ( 11th ) , aromatic ( 17th ) ; 1991 toulon ( 9th ) , arokat ( 12th ) ; 1992 rainbow corner ( 11th ) ; 1993 commander in chief ( won ) , tenby ( 10th ) ; 1994 sunshack ( 19th ) ; 1996 dushyantor ( 2nd ) .
beaten a short - head by sunshack at longchamp in september , goldmine lost his maiden status over a mile at saint - cloud the next month . his sire comes from the same family as last year ' s royal ascot winner gold splash . ' goldmine is strongly built and has done extremely well over the winter . he ' s a nice prospect who ' ll have a prep race before the poule d ' essai des poulains , ' his trainer , says . ( c head for j wertheimer )
rainbow quest ( usa ) ( bay 1981 - stud 1986 ) . 6 wins - 2 at 2 - from 7f to 1½m , longchamp prix de l ' arc de triomphe , gr . 1 . sire of 803 rnrs , 549 wnrs , 107 sw , inc . quest for fame ( the derby , gr . 1 ) saumarez , raintrap , sunshack , fiji , millenary , sought out , colour vision , nedawi , bright generation , rainbow dancer , croco rouge , spectrum , urgent request , edabiya , special quest , armiger , crowded house , knights baroness , abitara , fashion statement , etc .
ignore the french at your peril . in the last three seasons they have won 72 of the 22l group one races in europe at a strike - rate of over 32 per cent . although betting on this year ' s british classics is dominated by the home - trained horses , alhaarth and bosra sham , celtic swing held a similarly lofty perch in 1995 yet was toppled in the 2 , 000 guineas by andre fabre ' s pennekamp . he , along with sunshack and cherokee rose were winners at the highest level in britain and , with the leading arab owners continuing to patronise chantilly stables , the french have every chance of improving on that tally . fabre , with 11 group one wins in 1995 , dominates the training ranks , but there is a strong word for criquette head ' s 1996 team , and john hammond , jonathan pease , alain de royer - dupre and elie lellouche are also to be feared in the main events .
1972 pentland firth ( 3rd ) ; 1973 freefoot ( 3rd ) ; 1974 charlie bubbles ( 13th ) ; 1975 grundy ( won ) ; 1976 oats ( 3rd ) ; 1977 night before ( pu ) ; 1978 formidable ( 9th ) ; 1979 new berry ( 17th ) ; 1980 pelerin ( 4th ) ; 1981 riberetto ( 8th ) ; 1982 golden fleece ( won ) ; 1983 salmon leap ( 4th ) ; 1984 el gran senor ( 2nd ) ; 1985 law society ( 2nd ) ; 1986 wise councillor ( 17th ) ; 1987 bellotto ( 3rd ) ; 1988 red glow ( 4th ) ; 1989 mill pond ( 5th ) ; 1990 quest for fame ( won ) ; 1991 toulon ( 9th ) ; 1992 rainbow corner ( 11th ) ; 1993 tenby ( 10th ) ; 1994 sunshack ( 19th ) ; 1996 dushyantor ( 2nd ) ; 1997 silver patriarch ( 2nd ) ; 1998 king of kings ( 15th ) ; 1999 salford express ( 14th ) .
vodafone derby record : 1972 pentland firth ( 3rd ) ` ; 1973 freefoot ( 3rd ) ; 1974 charlie bubbles ( 13th ) ; 1975 grundy ( won ) ; 1976 oats ( 3rd ) ; 1977 night before ( pu ) ; 1978 formidable ( 9th ) ; 1979 new berry ( 17th ) ; 1980 pelerin ( 4th ) ; 1981 riberetto ( 8th ) ; 1982 golden fleece ( won ) ; 1983 salmon leap ( 4th ) ; 1984 el gran senor ( 2nd ) ; 1985 law society ( 2nd ) ; 1986 wise councillor ( 17th ) ; 1987 bellotto ( 3rd ) ; 1988 red glow ( 4th ) ; 1989 mill pond ( 5th ) ; 1990 quest for fame ( won ) ; 1991 toulon ( 9th ) ; 1992 rainbow corner ( 11th ) ; 1993 tenby ( 10th ) ; 1994 sunshack ( 19th ) ; 1996 dushyantor ( 2nd ) ; 1997 silver patriarch ( 2nd ) ; 1998 king of kings ( 15th ) ; 1999 salford express ( 14th ) .
bower et al . 2012 reported two mtdna haplotypes in modern descendants of chelandry , one of which is the haplotype expected for family 1 .
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the 12 - year - old mare suntrap is out of the breeding business ahead of her time , but she already has made her mark .
mated with rainbow quest in her first trip to the breeding shed in 1989 , suntrap produced raintrap , who won last year ' s san juan capistrano handicap .
as a runner , suntrap wasn ' t much . she was bred in kentucky , a daughter of roberto , the english derby winner who was owned by the late john galbreath . galbreath once owned the pittsburgh pirates and named one of his best horses after his best ballplayer , the late roberto clemente .
in england , france and ireland , suntrap won only three of 11 starts and earned less than $ 30 , 000 . she never won a stake . but as a broodmare , she and rainbow quest , an english champion who won the arc de triomphe , france ' s biggest race , were a dashing couple . their first offspring , raintrap , was france ' s champion 3 - year - old colt in 1993 . the next year , en route to california to join frankel ' s barn , juddmonte dropped off raintrap at woodbine near toronto and he won the $ 1 - million rothmans international .
raintrap , a small - framed horse whose soundness problems have required special attention from frankel , has raced infrequently and accomplished little in california , but he out - finished the mare windsharp in last year ' s san juan capistrano . raintrap ' s next start will be in the elkhorn stakes at keeneland next friday .
deputy commander , fifth in the arkansas derby , will skip the kentucky derby and be pointed for the preakness at pimlico on may 17 . . . . hollywood park - based touch gold will run sunday in the lexington stakes at keeneland . . . . glitter woman , the probable likely favorite in the kentucky oaks at churchill downs on may 2 , is a possible for the preakness . laffit pincay , sidelined since march 26 , when he suffered three broken ribs in a spill at santa anita , hopes to return to action when hollywood park opens next friday . . . . a victory by funontherun in today ' s $ 200 , 000 california derby at golden gate fields might rekindle . kentucky derby fever for his owners , herb and david alpert . funontherun won the san rafael stakes at santa anita , beating hello , a horse who ' s derby - bound , but in his last start , the jim beam stakes at turfway park , he showed little . . . . corey nakatani has taken a derby mount on acceptable .
persistence with ponies pays for garber : horse racing : tarzana man owns thoroughbreds for nearly a decade before hitting jackpot with quintana , who ran sixth in last year ' s kentucky derby .
bush and breeder go way back : profile : will farish , who enjoys an extremely close relationship with the president , aims to raise the best racehorses in the world .
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we harvest only the finest granny smith apples & williams pears from select high country orchards .
our fruit is crushed into pulp then fed into the basket press which presses all the juicy juices out .
we filter the cloudy fermented cider into clear cider love , add a spoonful of sugar , a tickle of bubbles & a ray of sunshine .
the juice is coldfermented to retain all the natural apple & pear flavours , with pure water from our sandstone spring .
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first . . . no apologies ! no , not the nirvana song ( although it ' s not a bad one ) . there will be no apologies and no shaming for any of our picks !
debate ? sure , we can and will debate all night long . . .
this is our list of the 10 top music tracks to get your blood pumpin , as voted by our impartial panel of judges consisting of . . . me .
instead of spending the winter months cooped up inside grinding away on the treadmill , while trying to keep your fitness levels up to scratch , why not head out and brave the winter trail runs .
for those of us who love the wilderness and simply cannot keep away , running outside does not have to be as miserable as the war stories you hear .
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from now until new year ' s . . . . . . . .
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you could have a sun - bed ! we would advise you first . we’d look at your skin type and tell you what happens and then put you on a bed for a certain number of minutes . people with olive skin go longer . usually we start you off with four minutes for fair skin .
well i wouldn’t do more than four minutes because my skin is so fair . other people might do seven or eight minutes or up to fifteen minute sessions . everyone is different . try it at the lower times first .
not the wild background you ' d historically see behind a great blue heron .
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p8143929 - y3k chip bug is coming for you mr trump . . . you cannot escape
sun microsystems long sleeve polo shirt from the good times before oracle bought and destroyed . . .
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is fully expected to live up to the expectations set by champion sires such as rainbow quest ( the producer of derby winner quest for fame ) , warning ( sire of cheveley park winner prophecy ) , zafonic ( sire of champion two - year - old xaar ) and also zamindar ( who produced the classic winning zenda from his first crop ) .
breeders have shown tremendous support for oasis dream , sending him the dams of a number of gr . 1 winners together with a further 58 blacktype performers including airwave ( cheveley park stakes gr . 1 in 2002 ) , attraction ( cherry hinton stakes gr . 2 in 2003 ) , acclamation ( diadem stakes gr . 2 in 2003 ) , superstar leo ( champion two - year - old filly of 2000 ) and definite article ( national stakes gr . 1 ) .
arrive ( kahyasi – kerali by high line ) won three races including bahrain trophy l . own - sister to hasili ( prix des sablonnets l . ; dam of the gr . 1 perfomers banks hill – champion three - year - old filly in europe , champion grass filly in usa , joint top - rated older mare in europe , dansili – prix du muguet gr . 2 and second poule d’essai des poulains gr . 1 , heat haze – beverly d stakes gr . 1 and matriarch stakes gr . 1 and intercontinental – third 1000 guineas gr . 1 ) and half sister to skiable ( dam of three valleys ) .
dance dress ( nureyev – private line by private account ) won three races in france including prix fille de l’air gr . 3 , and prix madame jean couturie l . her dam private line ( atalanta mile stakes l . ) is half - sister to most precious ( second prix de la salamandre gr . 1 ; dam of matiara – poule d’essai des pouliches gr . 1 ) .
daring miss ( sadler’s wells – bourbon girl by ile de bourbon ) won four races including grand prix de chantilly gr . 2 , second grand prix de saint - cloud gr . 1 . half - sister to apogee ( prix de royaumont gr . 3 ; dam of dance routine – prix de royallieu gr . 2 , second prix diane hermes gr . 1 ) .
fragrant view ( distant view – musicanti by nijinsky ) winning own sister to distant music ( joint second top - rated two - year - old in europe in 1999 , dewhurst stakes gr . 1 , third champion stakes gr . 1 ; sire ) . her dam musicanti is half - sister to vanlandingham ( washington dc international gr . 1 ) , jenkins ferry ( second san juan capistrano gr . 1 ) . family of temperance hill and kirkwall .
imbabala ( zafonic – interval by habitat ) winner in france and dam of kalabar ( prix guillaume d’ornano gr . 2 , second prix du conseil de paris gr . 2 , prix eugene adam gr . 2 and third prix la force gr3 in 2003 ) . half - sister to cheyenne dream ( prix de bagatelle l . ; dam of dream chief - second prix du gros - chene gr . 2 ) and krisia ( dam of continent – july cup gr . 1 , prix de l’abbaye de longchamp gr . 1 ) . her dam interval ( prix maurice de gheest gr . 2 , second lowther stakes gr . 2 and third 1000 guineas gr . 1 ) .
insinuate ( mr prospector – all at sea by riverman ) won swanley stakes l . and third fern hill stakes l . half - sister to imroz ( third las cienegas handicap gr . 3 ) . her dam all at sea ( prix du moulin de longchamp gr . 1 , musidora stakes gr . 3 , pretty polly stakes l . , second juddmonte international gr . 1 ) .
orford ness ( selkirk – nesaah by topsider ) won three races in france including sandingham gr . 3 , third prix messidor gr . 3 and prix de lieurey l . ; dam of weightless ( prix dollar gr . 2 , prix du prince d’orange gr . 3 at three years in 2003 ) . second dam sylph ( princess royal stakes gr . 3 , second park hill stakes gr . 2 ) is the dam of privity ( prix de malleret gr . 2 , third flower bowl invitational handicap gr . 1 ) and zindari ( prix saint roman gr . 3 ) ; also own - sister to leading counsel ( irish st leger gr . 1 ) .
shining water ( kalaglow – idle waters by mill reef ) won three races including solario stakes gr . 3 , second park hill stakes gr . 2 and third hoover fillies ' mile gr . 2 ; dam of six blacktype performers including tenby ( joint top - rated three - year - old in europe in 1993 , grand criterium gr . 1 ; sire ) , bristol channel ( harvest stakes l . , third long island handicap gr . 2 ) .
gr . 1 , racing post trophy gr . 1 , second great voltigeur stakes gr . 2 , third woodbine international gr . 1 , 2002 - 03 ) and half - sister to moon search ( prix de royallieu gr . 2 , prix de la pepiniere l . in 2003 ) . her dam eva luna ( park hill stakes gr . 3 ) is half - sister to rougeur ( dam of multiple gr . 1 winner flute ) .
valencia ( kenmare – de stael by nijinsky ) placed at two years and dam of deportivo ( flying five gr . 2 , rose bowl stakes l . , king of beers stakes l . , and balmoral handicap at royal ascot ) and irish vale ( harry roseberry stakes l ) . half - sister to wandesta ( champion turf mare in usa in 1996 , matriarch stakes gr . 1 , santa barbara stakes gr . 1 , santa ana handicap gr . 1 ) , de quest ( prix du conseil de paris gr . 2 ) , source of light ( chester stakes l . ) and turners hill ( prix la moskowa l . , second prix du conseil de paris gr . 2 ) .
wince ( selkirk – flit by lyphard ) won four races including 1000 guineas gr . 1 , fred darling stakes gr . 3 , second milcars star stakes l . half - sister to fleeting glimpse ( second prix saint alary gr . 1 ; dam of half glance – may hill stakes gr . 3 ) and ulundi ( wolferton rated stakes l . ) . her dam flit is own sister to skimble ( wilshire handicap gr . 2 , third matriarch stakes gr . 1 ; dam of gr . 1 skimming ) .
this month stallion advertising begins in earnest and what better way to grab someones attention than through a metropolitan treble . quest for fame let his progeny do his talking a fortnight ago when represented by winners in three separate states  the quaintly named i scream ( from the mare ice cream sundae ) won her sandown debut , cheam saluted at rosehill and questamatic at cheltenham .
i scream and cheam are trained by john hawkes for woodlands stud proprietors jack and bob ingham who stand quest for fame at their hunter valley property . woodlands have supported the son of rainbow quest since his arrival in australia in 1993 and have enjoyed a virtual monopoly of the breed ever since . of the thirteen stakes winners sired by quest for fame in the southern hemisphere an amazing eleven have been bred by woodlands stud and raced out of their crown lodge stables .
he ' s had horses like unworldly and viscount in the past year or so ,
said hawkes
and then there ' s ones like tributes who won the oaks or a horse like this one ( i scream ) who won over the short trip on debut .
viscount ( ajc sires produce stakes - g1 , champagne stakes - g1 ) and unworldly ( ajc flight stakes - g1 , stc tea rose stakes - g2 , tatts nsw furious s - g3 ) teetered on the brink of superstardom before injury and accident ended their respective careers .
dracula ( ajc champagne stakes - g1 , ajc george main stakes - g1 , qtc sires produce stakes - g1 ) and tributes ( vrc oaks - g1 ) , join viscount and unworldly at racings elite level and lease ( stc tulloch stakes - g2 ; 2 nd ajc doncaster h - g1 , qtc classic - g1 ; 3 rd vrc australian guineas - g1 ) , hockney ( ajc expressway s - g2 , stc star kingdom s - g3 ) pursuits ( gosford guineas - lr ; 3 rd vrc emirates s - g1 , stc rosehill guineas - g1 ) salty ( ajc fernhill hcp - g3 ; 2 nd ajc champagne s - g1 ) , noise ( ajc carbine club - listed ; 2 nd ajc breeders plate - listed ; 3 rd ajc all aged s - g1 , stc phar lap s - g2 ) , undertone ( sajc walter brown s - listed ) , and le mans ( vatc debutante s - listed ; 3 rd ajc roman consul - g3 ) round out woodlands stakes successes with quest for fames progeny .
quest for fame is a grandson of blushing groom who has already known great success in this region through the deeds of nassipour , sire of melbourne cup heroine and australian horse of the year lets elope , multiple millionaire tie the knot , derby winners redding and shivas revenge to name but a few .
a dual group one winner on two continents , quest for fame numbers the prestigious epsom derby amongst his five victories . richard ulbrichs weighty volume peerage describes him as
a rangy eye - catching individual , almost black in colour thoroughly game and absolutely genuine
.
quest for fames dam , aryenne , was the original flag bearer for nijinksys son green dancer . an unbeaten two - year - old , aryenne helped her father secure champion first season sire honours in france and went on to win five races from ten starts including the french one thousand guineas . once again ulbrichs peerage tells us aryenne
usually raced from the rear , winning her races with a long last to first run . she loved to swoop down on her rivals and accelerate past them with arrogant nonchalance
.
there is little doubt her grand children share her ability , if not her attitude .
at the major sales this year , just seventeen quest for fame yearlings went under the auctioneers hammer , a mere handful compared to his woodlands counterparts octagonal ( fifty three offered ) , strategic ( twenty eight ) , grand lodge ( sixty ) , canny lad ( twenty nine ) and desert prince ( forty six ) . the adage quality not quantity applied , with ten yearlings selling for an average price of $ 101 , 000 , the top lot ( at easter ) knocked down to tim martin for $ 175 , 000 was a colt from the bletchingly mare regina madre .
this small number of commercial yearlings is no reflection of the esteem in which quest for fame is held , however , with a further fifty - nine living foals in the corresponding crop . woodlands have been responsible for the returns of at least thirty - nine of those foals , now rising two - year - olds , and all but six of those have already been named . amongst those that will find their way into the crown lodge racing machine is a sister to dracula named
insouciance
.
quest for fame will stand his tenth season at woodlands this year for a fee of $ 33 , 000 . alongside him will be his sons viscount , at the introductory fee of $ 27 , 500 , and dracula ( $ 8 , 250 ) who was represented by his first crop of yearlings this year .
the trio are descendants of the direct male line of nasrullah through his son red god , sire of blushing groom . they offer breeders a high - class alternative to the danzig line horses prevalent today .
owner - breeders who would like to utilise this sire line but are perhaps on a tighter budget might consider using the emirates park horse urgent request ( by rainbow quest ) who stands at a fee of $ 5 , 500 . an extremely fast horse from a mile to a mile and a quarter urgent requests biggest racetrack success came in the group one santa anita handicap ( 2000m ) . a striking , grey individual urgent request takes his coat colour from his dam oscura by caro from the olden times mare dusk . dusk is the dam of group one washington international stakes winner johnny d and has been represented at group one level in australia through the deeds of her great grandson sober suit ( group one vatc toorak handicap ) , a half - brother to the exciting two - year - old titanic jack .
bullet train is the first foal of kind , a dual listed winner over five and six furlongs and half - sister to coolmore’s globe - trotter powerscourt , who was victorious in the group one tattersalls gold cup and the grade one arlington million .
the sadler’s wells colt made a winning debut in a mile maiden at yarmouth on 27 october , getting the better of lion mountain by a short - head , despite showing signs of greenness . he made his seasonal return in a competitive 10 - furlong conditions race at newbury on 16 april , which had been won in the past by the likes of 2007 investec oaks heroine light shift and high heeled , who was third in the epsom fillies’ classic last year . after racing wide down the straight , bullet train took the lead inside the final furlong , but was unable to repel the challenge of myplacelater near the line and went down by half a length to the david elsworth - trained filly .
bullet train announced himself as a live contender for the investec derby with victory in the group three urltoken derby trial on 8 may , as he made all of the running in the extended 11 - furlong contest to record a two and a quarter - length verdict over dubawi phantom .
prince khalid abdulla , who prefers to be known just as mr abdulla on the racecard , is a first cousin to king abdullah of saudi arabia . he owns extensive racing and breeding interests in america , britain and ireland .
a businessman presiding over a huge international conglomerate known as “mawared” , he developed a love for british racing during the 1960s when renting a house in london and , with the help of former trainer humphrey cottrill , had his first winner on 14 may , 1979 , when charming native scored at windsor .
born in taif , saudi arabia , in 1937 , abdulla has been one of the most successful owner - breeders in europe in the past four decades and is the only current owner to have owned and bred the winners of all five british classics – his winners being investec derby ( 1990 quest for fame , 1993 commander in chief ) , investec oaks ( 1997 reams of verse ) , 2000 guineas ( 1980 known fact , 1986 dancing brave , 1993 zafonic ) , 1000 guineas ( 1999 wince , 2010 special duty ) and ladbrokes st leger ( 1991 toulon ) .
he has won most of the other major european races such as the prix de l’arc de triomphe with rainbow quest ( 1985 ) , rail link ( 2006 ) and the legendary dancing brave ( 1986 ) , who was an unlucky loser in the investec derby . abdulla also races with great success in france and the united states , where under the juddmonte farms banner he won a first triple crown race in 2003 with empire maker in the belmont stakes .
in 2003 his greatest successes in europe came with star sprinter oasis dream , winner of the july cup at newmarket and nunthorpe stakes at york and french oaks heroine nebraska tornado , while american post was triumphant in the prix jean - luc lagardere ( grand criterium ) at longchamp and the racing post trophy at doncaster , helping abdulla to become champion owner in both britain and france , while he also finished third in the usa owners’ championship that year .
american post went on to classic success in the french 2 , 000 guineas in 2004 and polish summer triumphed in the dubai sheema classic the same year , while intercontinental gave abdulla a second breeders’ cup filly and mare turf in 2005 , following full - sister banks hill three years earlier . abdulla’s french - trained horses again led the way in 2006 , with prix de l’arc de triomphe winner rail link proving the highlight .
in 2007 , juddmonte farms bred 27 individual group / stakes winners of 33 races , including zambezi sun , who wore the famous abdulla colours to victory in the group one grand prix de paris , while in 2008 promising lead took the pretty polly stakes at the curragh , proportional won the prix marcel boussac and african rose landed the ladbrokes sprint cup .
midday , winner of the group one nassau stakes at goodwood and runner - up in the investec oaks , added victory in the breeders’ cup filly & mare turf last season , while twice over captured the emirates airlines champion stakes . special duty was crowned champion two - year - old filly after her scintillating win in the group one electrolux cheveley park stakes at newmarket , while spanish moon was a group one winner in france .
this season special duty has claimed both the english and french 1 , 000 guineas with special duty with the filly awarded both races in the stewards’ room after suffering interference .
abdulla is an honorary jockey club member and his daughter was married to the late prince fahd salman , owner of 1991 derby victor generous .
born in aberdeen , scotland , on 11 january , 1943 , henry cecil has achieved just about everything he could have dreamed of in a training career spanning almost 40 years .
if classic success is a measure of achievement on the flat , the 10 - time champion trainer is second to none among current trainers having won every domestic classic at least twice and amassed a total of 23 english classic victories . the lord howard de walden - owned slip anchor , partnered by steve cauthen , brought cecil the first of his four investec derby triumphs in 1985 with an emphatic victory . reference point , also ridden by cauthen , won the 1987 investec derby holding off the challenge of most welcome while commander in chief , cecil’s supposedly second string behind tenby in the 1993 investec derby , and oath in 1999 – partnered by cecil’s then stable jockey kieren fallon – provided his third and fourth successes .
cecil has also landed the investec oaks eight times , the urltoken 2000 guineas twice , the urltoken 1000 guineas six times and the ladbrokes st leger on four occasions . having sent out 100 winners during the 1998 season , cecil’s yearly tally dropped every year until 2006 , when his 25 victories included passage of time’s group one success in the criterium de saint cloud – the stable’s first group one victory since beat hollow in the 2000 grand prix de paris .
his passion for the turf was nurtured by his stepfather , sir cecil boyd - rochfort , with whom a young cecil served as assistant trainer between 1964 and 1968 , before taking out his own licence to train in 1969 . it was not long before he staked his claim among the ranks of the leading trainers with a victory by wolver hollow in the eclipse stakes of that year .
on the retirement of sir noel murless , father of his first wife julie , in 1976 , cecil took over warren place stables in newmarket where he has remained . he won the oaks for the eighth time in 2007 with light shift and has 126 horses in training in 2010 . he almost captured a ninth oaks in 2009 when midday only found sariska too good while the same filly went on to claim the group one nassau stakes at goodwood and also gave cecil a first success at the breeders’ cup when taking the filly & mare turf at santa anita .
his other significant success in 2009 was provided by twice over , who landed the group one emirates airline champion stakes at newmarket .
cecil has made a bright start to the 2010 campaign and had the first horse past the post in the urltoken 1000 guineas , jacqueline quest , although she was demoted for causing interference to the runner - up special duty .
tom queally has come a long way since riding his first winner aboard the john roche - trained larifaari at clonmel on 13 april , 2000 . born on 8 october , 1984 , he was only 15 when enjoying that first success and was crowned ireland’s champion apprentice the same season .
from dungarvan in county waterford , where his father declan combines farming with a small training operation , tom was out hunting on his pony by the age of seven . after a spell showjumping , he was a leading figure on the pony racing circuit by the age of 13 and was apprenticed to trainer pat flynn two years later . but that apprenticeship was terminated when queally’s parents insisted he finish his leaving certificate at school .
at the end of a quiet 2002 season , when he was apprenticed to his father , he moved to aidan o’brien at ballydoyle , winning the following year’s group three ballysax stakes on balestrini . with the help of barney curley , he moved to britain in 2004 and joined david loder’s newmarket stable , winning the british apprentices’ championship that year . he won the 2008 group three princess elizabeth stakes at epsom aboard lady gloria and is now attached to henry cecil’s warren place stable .
since his move to cecil’s yard , he has recorded significant victories on midday , who finished runner - up in the 2009 investec oaks before going on to claim the group one nassau stakes at goodwood and the breeders’ cup filly & mare turf . last season he also won two group one sprints , partnering the michael bell - trained art connoisseur in the golden jubilee stakes and fleeting spirit , trained by jeremy noseda , in the darley july cup at newmarket .
allison is the publisher of eclipse magazine . she loves going to the races and is learning to bet ( despite being officially the worst bettor in the history of the universe ) , there’s a lot more to learn…
allison is the publisher of eclipse magazine . she loves going to the races and is learning to bet ( despite being officially the worst bettor in the history of the universe ) , there ' s a lot more to learn . . .
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timeform provisionally rate workforce on 132 after today’s stunning seven - length victory , making it their best investec derby - winning performance since generous in 1991 .
timeform’s flat editor jamie lynch explained : “workforce produced a remarkable performance – as good as has been seen in the investec derby since generous in 1991 – in winning by seven lengths , breaking the track record in the process .
“ballydoyle’s pacemaker at first sight slipped the field and it reflects great credit on workforce that , not only was he the only one to get to him , but that he ran right away from him and the rest in the finish .
“this marks him down as potentially every bit as good as sea the stars , who ran to a timeform rating of 126 when he won at epsom last year . ”
progressed into a smart stayer last season , winning four races including a group 2 at longchamp and group 3 over nearly two miles at deauville . only seventh behind celtic swing in the prix du jockey - club and fifth to classic cliche in the st leger , but can improve further and become a contender for races like the ascot gold cup .
unbeaten half - sister to prix du cadran winner shafaraz . won longchamp maiden in october and impressed in landing the group 3 prix thomas byron at saint - cloud the following month . should stay beyond a mile and is expected to prove one of the aga khan ' s best three - year - olds . ( trained by a de royer - dupre for aga khan )
burst on to the classic scene when easily winning a listed contest at saint - cloud by six lengths last month . referring to her 1992 1 , 000 guineas winner , her trainer describes a votre sante as
hatoof mark two
. could run in the 1 , 000 guineas , although the french equivalent is more likely . her grandam , mrs penny , won the prix de diane and prix vermeille so should get further than a mile . ( trained by mme c head for marshall w jenney )
did the independent ' s french 12 - to - follow proud last season in landing the prix de diane and vermeille . returned with a satisfactory second to valanour in the prix d ' harcourt at longchamp on sunday when firm going was against her . ( trained by mme c barbe for t yoshida )
third on only juvenile start in a good longchamp maiden . held in high regard and should make mark in useful company over a mile and a half this season . comes from a quality family - dam was second to sagace in the 1994 arc - and has an oaks entry . ( trained by j pease for s niarchos )
like a votre sante , dark nile could hardly have scored in better fashion on his seasonal debut when landing the listed prix de courcelles at longchamp last week .
he has both stamina and speed and is the perfect type for the prix du jockey - club ,
his trainer said . ( trained by mme c head for k abdullah )


neolamprologus niger is a species of cichlid endemic to lake tanganyika where it is only found along the northern shores .

it is a crevice-dweller and feeds on molluscs .

this species reaches a length of 9 centimetres ( 3.5 in ) tl .

it can also be found in the aquarium trade .

neolamprologus niger

indeed - can anyone share a pdf of this paper ? based upon the abstract , it makes one wonder if n . schreyeni will / is synonymized with n . niger ? ?
its lives in rocky shores , where it can be very abundant . in these areas several other rubble - dwellers are also abundant . it appears to share the same ecological niche as neolamprologus leleupi .
maréchal , c . and m . poll , 1991 . neolamprologus . p . 274 - 294 . in j . daget , j . - p . gosse , g . g . teugels and d . f . e . thys van den audenaerde ( eds . ) check - list of the freshwater fishes of africa ( cloffa ) . isnb , brussels ; mrac , tervuren ; and orstom , paris . vol . 4 . ( ref . 5667 )
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thank you for taking the time to provide feedback on the iucn red list of threatened species website , we are grateful for your input .
gland , switzerland , 5 july 2018 ( iucn ) – australia’s unique reptiles – including lizards and snakes – face severe threats from invasive species and climate change , with 7 % of th . . .
the value of medicinal and aromatic plant trade has increased three - fold in the past 20 years , but traditional harvesting practices are being replaced by less sustainable alternatives . . . .
a recently released iucn technical brief recommends increasing investments in sustainable land management practices , as well as better cooperation between agriculturalists and conservationists to conse . . .
greek , neos = new + greek , lampros = torch + greek , lagos = hare ( ref . 45335 )
freshwater ; benthopelagic ; ph range : ? - 8 . 0 ; dh range : 10 - ? ; depth range 6 - 30 m . tropical ; 24°c - 28°c ( ref . 12468 ) ; 3°s - 7°s
africa : endemic to the northern democratic republic of the congo coast of lake tanganyika and bulu point in tanzania ( ref . 5667 ) .
maturity : l m ? range ? - ? cm max length : 9 . 0 cm tl male / unsexed ; ( ref . 5667 )
lives in the crevices of the sediment - rich biotope . feeds on mollusks which are crushed with the pharyngeal bones ( ref . 7343 ) .
phylogenetic diversity index ( ref . 82805 ) : pd 50 = 0 . 5000 [ uniqueness , from 0 . 5 = low to 2 . 0 = high ] .
bayesian length - weight : a = 0 . 00389 ( 0 . 00180 - 0 . 00842 ) , b = 3 . 12 ( 2 . 94 - 3 . 30 ) , in cm total length , based on all lwr estimates for this body shape ( ref . 93245 ) .
trophic level ( ref . 69278 ) : 3 . 6 ±0 . 50 se ; based on food items .
resilience ( ref . 69278 ) : high , minimum population doubling time less than 15 months ( preliminary k or fecundity . ) .
vulnerability ( ref . 59153 ) : low vulnerability ( 11 of 100 ) .
snoeks , j . ( freshwater fish red list authority ) & darwall , w . ( freshwater biodiversity assessment programme )
justification : endemic to lake tanganyika with a widespread distribution and no known major widespread threats .
endemic to lake tanganyika where it is distributed in the northern shores of the democratic republic of congo and bulu point in tanzania .
sedimentation and other human impact along the coast of the lake appear to have altered community structure and reduced biodiversity in adjacent sub - littoral areas .
to make use of this information , please check the < terms of use > .
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urltoken
disclaimer : itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available , and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties . however , it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes . while every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and up - to - date information available , ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in provisions of treaties to which the united states is a party , wildlife statutes , regulations , and any applicable notices that have been published in the federal register . for further information on u . s . legal requirements with respect to protected taxa , please contact the u . s . fish and wildlife service .
pronunciation : refer to our pronunciation key for an explanation of the phonetic symbols .
habitat : this is the primary location where the cichlid is found and is a generalization . this does not mean a fish cannot be found in other habitats .
diet : many cichlids specialize in eating one type of food ; notwithstanding , some of these specialized feeders are flexible and can be opportunistic feeders .
temperament : this describes the overall demeanor of a cichlid toward other tankmates that are of a different species . consider that there is variability in temperament due to various factors , including aquarium size , tankmates of similar appearance , stocking levels , and order of introduction . there may even be some variability among individual specimens .
conspecific temperament : this describes the overall demeanor of a cichlid toward other tank - mates of the same species . consider that there is variability in temperament due to such factors as aquarium size , stocking levels and order of introduction . there may even be some variability among individual specimens .
maximum size : this is in regards to total length ( including the tail ) of typical aquarium specimens . wild specimens may not attain this size , or may in fact grow larger than aquarium raised individuals due to various factors . also consider that this is the typical maximum size and there are exceptional individuals that will exceed it .
difficulty : this measure is a relative value , comparing a single species against all other cichlids . this only accounts for maintanence in the aquarium and not breeding considerations . 1 = easy and forgiving , 5 = extremely challenging .
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. . . intraspecific geographic variation has increasingly been valued in cichlid taxa of the east - african great lakes ( hanssens and snoeks 2003 , risch and snoeks 2008 , anseeuw et al 2011 ) . in lake tanganyika , such variation is especially found in species from rocky shores , both in colour pattern ( kohda et al . 1996 , konings 1998 ) and in morphology ( risch and snoeks 2008 ) . . . .
a new species and geographical variation in the telmatochromis temporalis complex ( teleostei , cichli . . .
telmatochromis brachygnathus sp . n . is described from the southern and central parts of lake tanganyika . it can be distinguished from the similar t . temporalis mainly by its smaller mouth . morphological distinct populations were found in both species .
a revised synonymy of telmatochromis temporalis ( teleostei , cichlidae ) from lake tanganyika ( east af . . .
the taxonomic status of the nominal species telmatochromis temporalis , t . lestradei , t . burgeoni and julidochromis macrolepis has been reviewed . the synonymy of t . lestradei with t . temporalis is confirmed . a comparison of telmatochromis burgeoni with telmatochromis temporalis revealed no significant differences either . hence t . burgeoni is considered synonymous with t . temporalis . examination . . . [ show full abstract ]
taxonomic status of the six - band morph of cyphotilapia frontosa ( perciformes : cichlidae ) from lake t . . .
six - and seven - band morphs have been identified in a cichlid , cyphotilapia frontosa , that is endemic to lake tanganyika . these color morphs have allopatric distributions ; the six - band morph is widespread in the northern half of the lake while the seven - band morph is restricted to kigoma on the east coast of the lake . because no specimens of the seven - band morph have been available for . . . [ show full abstract ]
a review , based on personal experience of problems in systematic research on the fishes of the east african lakes , is given . a characteristic feature of most of these lakes is the high number of endemic cichlid species that they contain . it is estimated that for the three biggest lakes , victoria , tanganyika and malawi / nyasa , about 1000 species or more are still awaiting scientific description . . . . [ show full abstract ]