hawaiian gold coral ( kulamanamana haumeaae ) is a rare , extremely long-lived deep-sea coral found on seamounts near hawaii .

one colony has been dated as 2,740 years old , while others are considered 5,000 years old .

although it has been harvested commercially for use in jewellery for a long time , it was not formally described by taxonomists until 2012 when it was found to be related to both the genus savalia and the octocoral-associated zoanthid , corallizoanthus tsukaharai .

hawaiian gold coral

vintage gold fill gf hawaiian black coral pendant curb link chain necklace17 . 75
the hawaiian gold coral may also be one of the longest - lived . . .
ki - ele hawaiian red coral long necklace ! organic red coral . approximate coral pendant : 7mm x 70mm . 14k gold - filled .
hawaiian gold coral is a long - lived , deep - sea coral found in the north pacific ocean . ( photo credit : hurl )
hawaiian gold coral grew at a rate of approximately 3 inches per year , and only about 3 % of the bed could be harvested annually . both state and federal laws strictly regulated the harvest . of all gem corals , hawaiian gold coral was by far the rarest .
in hawaiian deep coral assemblages . mar ecol prog ser 533 : 135 - 147
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hawaiian black coral round bangle unisex bracelet for larger size , 9 . 5
the color of hawaiian gold coral varied widely and displayed many interesting patterns , unlike pink and black corals . its color ranged from a sandy beige to almost black . hawaiian gold coral has a special characteristic called “chatoyance , ” from the french word for “cats eye , ” which describes a mysterious moving inner light .
massive 32
estate 14k black coral 9 . 5 10mm hawaiian bead necklace 53g + vintage
abstract : the hawaiian gold coral is a parasitic zoantharian that colonizes other deep corals and secretes a protein skeleton that over millennia can grow and more than double the original mean size of the host colony . surveys at 6 known coral beds in the hawaiian archipelago found mature gold coral to be a common taxon and dominant at the geologically older sites . fewer than 5 % of the gold coral colonies seen were in the process of subsuming their host , described here as the ‘midas’ phase . bamboo coral (
the hawaiian gold coral ( kulamanamana haumeaae ) is a deep sea zoanthid coral found on seamounts throughout the hawaiian archipelago at depths of 343 m - 575 m . known mostly because of its beauty and rareness as a gem coral , it has been collected since the 1970s for the jewelry industry ( referred to as genus gerardia , a synonym of savalia ) , but was not scientifically described until 2013 . molecular evidence indicates that hawaiian gold coral belongs in its own genus .
citation : sinniger f , ocaña ov , baco ar ( 2013 ) diversity of zoanthids ( anthozoa : hexacorallia ) on hawaiian seamounts : description of the hawaiian gold coral and additional zoanthids . plos one 8 ( 1 ) : e52607 . urltoken
( mean ± sd ) . cross sections of mature gold coral colonies show the host averages just 9 . 8 cm of the stem’s core , indicating that much of the host skeleton is lost when subsumed by gold coral tissue . the absence of midas colonies in a bamboo coral assemblage found growing on a 76 yr old wreck close ( ~ 1 km ) to a mature gold coral patch suggests that gold coral recruitment is infrequent . this time lag between the growth of the host and the arrival of the gold coral successor is essential because otherwise the speed of the midas phase would subsume the host population faster than it could replenish .
distribution : so far found in the hawaiian archipelago with a distribution similar to the hawaiian gold coral , ku . haumeaae . similar and potentially identical zoanthid was observed in other pacific locations such as line , jarvis , palmyra and kingman [ 3 ] .
blue coral is thought to be in the initial stage of disintegration . this color generally expands only below the surface . it is an unusual variety found off in cameroon . hawaiian gold coral is rare by far . its color tone ranges from sandy beige color to complete black . on the off side of maui in hawaii , this exquisite variety of coral is found with resin or lacquered texture . the only company in the world that creates jewelry from hawaiian gold coral is maui divers .
hawaiian hibiscus flower hawaii coconut bracelet . size - elastic coconut bead band one size fits all . hawaiian jewelry & gift collection . order number - cb - 440 - coral orange .
hawaiian gold coral : ( gerardia species ) hawaiian gold coral was discovered in small amounts in 1971 by dr . richard grigg using star ii submarine in the same general area as the pink coral discovery area off makapu ` u point in 1 , 200 feet of water . in the year 2000 , two new beds of hawaiian gold coral were discovered ; one atop an ancient underwater volcano called cross seamount , 100 miles south of oahu , the other off keahole point on the big island of hawai ` i . both beds were at a depth of 400 meters ( about 1 , 300 feet ) . the beds off makapuu were the only commercially harvested beds in the world .
each coral gemstone color has its own distinct quality . black coral is exotic and dramatic and has long been considered to guard against misfortune . pink coral is delicate and is said to bring good health . red coral is best described as rich and romantic . and gold coral with its mysterious inner light , is the rarest of all corals .
symptomatic of the order , a suite of other zoanthids , besides the hawaiian gold coral , have been observed and collected in hawaii , but far less is known of their biology and ecology and they have not been described taxonomically .
etymology : this species name is dedicated to haumea , hawaiian goddess of fertility .
sp . in the hawaiian archipelago . mar ecol prog ser 397 : 163–172 .
colour : in vivo , polyps , tentacles and coenenchyme are brownish - yellow , similar to the hawaiian gold coral ku . haumeaae , but distinct enough in colour to be recognised as a different species from the submersible , ( fig . 1b ) .
coral jewelry is exciting to wear . with distinct look and features from gold , platinum or silver jewelry , coral jewelry has become popular quite fast . but don’t get carried away with the luster . pause…hold back . before you enter the market to buy your choice of coral jewelry designs , we have some important tips from the coral jewelry buying guide .
although black and gold coral are relative newcomers to northern cultures , they have long been used as gem material in their native territories . they are found primarily off the coasts of hawaii and cameroon . akori corals from cameroon were highly prized before the eighteenth century . hawaiian gold coral is the rarest gem coral variety and harder than other varieties . it was first described scientifically in the 1970s . the harvesting of this gem material , however , is currently restricted and cost prohibitive due to environmental considerations .
etymology : the feminine name of this genus is derived from the hawaiian terms kula ( = gold ) and manamana ( = branch ) referring to the particular skeleton of the type species of this genus .
grade a - all natural black coral very rare find . about 34 large beads of a coral ranging from 27mm to 21mm .
bleaching produces gold coral from black . this is a stable treatment . this process can be identified by magnification ( which reveals a different texture ) and lower sg and refractive index values .
mature colonies may take 50 years to grow , so to ensure the future of hawaiian black coral , maui divers strictly adheres to both federal and state regulations that the company helped to establish , prohibiting the harvesting of immature colonies . in this way , not only sustainability , but also growth of precious hawaiian black coral is supported .
black coral is rare and , when polished , it shines with such luster you can almost see your own reflection in it . its stunning contrast against yellow gold makes it a wonderful gift as well as a beautiful keepsake to treasure forever . our popular paradise ring features an ocean wave shaped by a graceful cut of polished black coral , gold maile leaves representing hawaiian royalty , and diamonds that shine like the evening stars over paradise ; a perfect reminder of a trip to the islands .
black coral : ( antipathes grandis ) the first new black coral bed found in centuries was discovered by maui divers in deep waters off lahaina , maui in 1958 . today , hawaiian black coral - - the world ' s finest deep sea precious coral and the hawaii state gemstone - - is carefully collected by hand by our divers at depths that exceed 200 feet .
hawaiian gold coral grows in a fan shape , up to 1 meter ( 3 feet ) in height . its skeleton ranges between golden yellow and orange in color , with polyp color , when living , bright yellow to orange . polyps will flash with bioluminescence and produce copious mucus when disturbed .
treasure - hunting divers , uncontrolled harvesting , pollution and climate change have all contributed to the decimation of our naturally occurring coral beds on the ocean floor surrounding the hawaiian islands .
calcite coral , 1 . 69 and 1 . 49 , not usually measurable . conchiolin ( black coral ) has ri of 1 . 56 .
you also have to be careful in picking the right coral . must buyers of coral end up in getting some other materials that are used to imitate the natural coral . there are all the chances for you to be mistaken with plastic , man made coral , howlite , shell , ivory , onyx / calcite and fossil ivory as coral . for conchiolin coral , the materials like plastic , chalcedony and jet are used for imitation .
the calcareous coral has hardness of - 3 1 / 2 to 4 and fair toughness . while the conchiolin coral has hardness of 3 and good toughness . both the varieties of coral have glass like waxy to vitreous polish luster .
despite its ecological significance and long history of exploitation , the hawaiian gold coral has never been subject to taxonomic studies or a formal species description . as a result of this , the nomenclature concerning the hawaiian gold coral has been relatively confused . this species was first mentioned as parazoanthus sp . [ 10 ] before being referred to as gerardia lacaze - duthiers , 1864 starting in 1976 in ageing studies [ 18 ] , due to its secretion of a scleroproteic skeleton . however , the genus gerardia had been recognised as a younger synonym from the genus savalia nardo 1844 already [ 19 ] . more recently this synonymy was mentioned in several publications [ 20 ] – [ 22 ] .
the purpose of this study is to re - examine specimens of the hawaiian gold coral and four other species of arborescent zoanthids from the hawaiian archipelago to evaluate the biodiversity of these ecologically important zoanthids and to provide taxonomic placement of these species in consideration of their evolutionary history . this aim was achieved and results in the description of several new zoanthid genera , a significant advance in the understanding of zoanthid biodiversity considering that until this study only 18 genera were recognised .
coral approx . 3mm to 10mm wide round . 2 beads 10mm 10mm 10mm .
coral is natural , not dyed or enhanced . strung on nylon coated wire .
based on the phylogenetic trees , several options could be considered to define the taxonomy of hawaiian deep octocoral - related zoanthids .
) foraging in deep - water coral beds . mar mammal sci 18 : 244–258 .
coral : south china sea ( red carving ~ 4 inch tall ) . photo ©
layers of coral skeleton laid down over the past 1 , 000 years can be seen in this polished section of a deep sea coral . ( photo by m . mccarthy )
there are many common enhancements that are done on coral that spoil their natural qualities . dyeing the calcareous coral deepens and at times changes the color and saturation with epoxy . the dying will then hide cracks at the surface and make it fill with cavities in the low quality of coral . it is a quite common practice that cheats the coral customers .
) comprised 85 % of the midas colonies , with two - thirds found at the youngest site , where the mean height of bamboo coral was significantly greater than at other sites . marked midas colonies revisited after 5 yr showed the gold coral tissue spreading across the host at an estimated rate of 2 . 2 ± 0 . 69 cm yr
coral values are based on hue , saturation , size , cut , and polish . top values for calcareous coral go to red , pink , and orange pieces . other colors are graded separately . highest values for conchiolin coral go to black , then brown . gold color has additional value , especially if it shows a sheen . when polished , the color may shimmer through a transparent layer . coral carvings can be quite valuable . the determining factors are the size and color of the piece as well as the skill of the artist .
since 2001 , the fishing industry for hawaiian gold coral has been restricted to a point where it is no longer cost effective to collect it . the coral , which grows to a large size and in large numbers of individuals , dominates the coral biomass in its depth range and habitat , and is now recognized for its importance in its ecosystem . furthermore , recent dating studies show that k . haumeaae is one of the longest - living species on earth , with some individuals determined as 2740 years of age , growing at tremendously slow rates of about 15 - 45 micrometers in radius / year .
coral seems to be an excellent choice for jewelry . but , have you ever thought that where from coral comes actually ? coral is a sea product that grows in branches , which look much like dwarf underwater trees . in the whole cycle of making of coral , a marine gelatinous animal collects calcium carbonate around its body . it is a polyp made of calcite fibrous crystals .
coral is the external skeleton of a tiny , plantlike animal called the coral polyp . it lives in warm oceans in all tropical areas of the world . although these creatures are only one millimeter in length , they grow as a colony on top of each other for generations . the resulting structures can be quite massive . coral growths come in many shapes . the coral commonly used to make gems is branched and treelike . the largest sections of a coral ' s trunk are used for carvings . most coral is cut into cabochons or made into a variety of shapes for use in necklaces .
pink coral : ( corrallium secundum ) pink coral was first discovered off makapu ` u point , oahu , in 1 , 200 feet of water in 1966 , and we began making jewelry from it the same year . now it is found over the entire length of the hawaiian chain from oahu in the east to beyond midway island in the west .
the two have already teamed up with the monterey bay aquarium research institute to launch the next stage of their research . they are using remotely operated underwater vehicles to collect bamboo coral , another long - lived deep - sea species , in monterey bay ' s deep underwater canyon . the researchers plan to apply the same techniques they used with hawaiian gold coral to understand how el niño cycles have influenced california ' s dynamic coastal systems . ultimately , they want to better predict how a changing climate will shape the region ' s multimillion - dollar fisheries .
etymology : the genus name refers to hurl ( the hawaiian undersea research laboratory ) which has provided significant funding and the use of their submersible pisces for deep - sea coral research in the hawaiian archipelago . work with agency has provided many deep - sea coral species new to science . due to budget restrictions hurl was closed in the year of the description of these zoanthid species and this genus name is to acknowledge the important contribution of hurl in the discovery of deep - sea diversity around the hawaiian archipelago . the ending - zoanthus , is a common ending of genera names in the order , historically referring to the flower - like appearance of the animal polyps .
the hawaiian gold corals , however , produced a surprisingly clear record .
i was amazed ,
said mccarthy .
it was a massive ' aha , ' lightning bolt moment that showed what we ' re doing actually works . you don ' t get those moments all that often . this is an amazing data set that kelton generated .
gorgeous hawaiian , genuine black coral bracelet for larger size ( up to 9 . 5
) . hard to find size ! inner circumference is 9 . 5
( 23 . 4 cm ) . they don ' t make this kind of jewelry anymore .
the physical look of the carbonate type of coral is that it flaunts a distinct pattern of parallel stripes with a little different colour and transparence . the glass simulants of the coral lacks the ideal structure of coral . they have a glassy luster and tend to have bubbles . the glass simulants can also display conchoidal fracture . the plastics simulants of coral also do not have coral the structure and can possibly show molding lines . you can detect the shell simulants by their layered structure . it displays fine rippled lines on its surface .
pink coral is delicate found in utmost quantity in the entire length of hawaiian chain . it is very dense and solid . the shaded colors in the large pink corals are the gem’s natural qualities . the value of pink coral depends on its rarity . the precious red coral is revered high since the early civilizations for its beautiful color , texture and luster . it is found in ocean depths of about 500 to 1 , 000 feet . its rate of growth is very slow , only about 1 / 4 inch each year . this makes the red coral really highly treasured and prized .
you can buy coral in a great variety of colours that range from dark red , pink , white , spotted pink , orange , blue , violet , black and golden brown . each coral color has its own unique quality . black coral is exotic and dramatic to look and rare to find . it is considered as a guard against misfortune for a long time now . when polished , the black coral shines with beautiful luster .
walsh ge , bowers rl ( 1971 ) a review of hawaiian zoanthids with descriptions of three new species . zool j linn soc - lon 50 : 161–180 .
there are some facts and qualities about the real coral that you should keep in mind . the best coral should have a deep natural color . it is found in a standard ( round or oval shape ) and finished surface . the perfect coral does not have any dents or holes or perforations . it is smooth to touch .
based on our knowledge on zoanthid taxonomy and evolution , the hypothesis of the hawaiian zoanthids examined in this study belonging to 5 genera was retained and is presented here .
ignoring phylogenetic information at genus level and based on the history of referring to the hawaiian gold coral as gerardia sp . , all the skeleton secreting zoanthids could be grouped into savalia . however , the taxonomic significance of the skeleton is unknown as well as information on biochemical similarities between secretions of savalia and ku . haumeaae is still missing . the absence of sand incrustation in ku . haumeaae is at least as important character to separate kulamanamana from savalia as is the skeleton to group those species together .
the polyps then create a branch like shape , built in the shape of hollow tubes fitted in one another . this makes for a sort of axial skeleton upon which the boneless coral polyps grow . they thrive a colony of their own and create the coral . a fully - grown coral remains covered with lime , barnacles , and salt .
coral size : 7x9mm . coating : rhodium plated on sterling silver . stone : genuine natural black coral ( not treated , not enhanced ) . pendant size : 14mm ( w ) x 25mm ( l ) including the bail .
etymology : this species is dedicated to emily and acadia baco - taylor , both born during the taxonomical investigations of these hawaiian species and presenting positive taxis towards bubble gum .
2 . 6 - 2 . 7 . note : black coral , composed of conchiolin , is 1 . 34 .
you can do some tests to identify the real coral . place the real coral in a glass of cow’s milk . if the color of milk will change to the one with red tinge , the coral is real . the imitation coral cannot change the milk’s whiteness . another interesting test you can carry out is by actually wearing it . a true coral changes its color as per the physical health of the wearer . it will resume its original color when the physical health of the person is restored . but , it will fade out prior to the disorder in the wearer’s physical health is evident .
there are two types of coral . calcareous corals are composed primarily of calcite and come in whites , reds , and pinks . conchiolin corals are composed of conchiolin , the same substance found in pearls and other shells . they come in black , brown , and gold colors . the conchiolin type is tougher and less brittle than the calcareous type .
reimer jd , nonaka m , sinniger f , iwase f ( 2008 ) morphological and molecular characterization of a new genus and new species of parazoanthid ( anthozoa : hexacorallia : zoantharia ) associated with japanese red coral . coral reefs 27 : 935–949 .
by analyzing the composition of long - lived , deep - sea corals , uc santa cruz researchers have been able to track how ocean ecosystems responded to climate shifts over the past 1 , 000 years . hawaiian gold corals , which can live to be over 4 , 000 years old , act as living records , or
paleoarchives ,
by recording in their growth rings the chemical signatures of past ocean conditions .
grigg rw ( 1974 ) distribution and abundance of precious corals in hawaii . proc 2nd int coral reef symp , brisbane 235–240 .
grigg rw ( 1993 ) precious coral fisheries of hawaii and the us . pacific islands . mar fish rev 55 : 50–60 .
roark eb , guilderson tp , dunbar rb , ingram bl ( 2006 ) radiocarbon - based ages and growth rates of hawaiian deep - sea corals . mar ecol prog ser 327 : 1–14 .
coral jewelry was an important part of na hoku for many years . while we enjoyed sharing the beauty of this unique gemstone with our customers , it became very clear to us that the ever - increasing harvest of coral is detrimental to the delicate ocean environment .
parrish fa ( 2007 ) density and habitat of three deep - sea corals in the lower hawaiian chain . in : george ry , cairns sd , editors . conservation and adaptive management of seamount and deep - sea coral ecosystems . miami , fl : rosenstiel school of marine and atmospheric science , university of miami . pp 185–194 .
distribution : besides collection locations , also observed in submersible and rov videos at the makapu ' u coral bed off oahu , hawaii .
as a buyer , you should first obtain the scientific ( latin ) name present in the control list of the coral . check whether cites regulates it or not . cites regulates all hard corals . if it is a cites species , the buyer requires a cites export permit that the exporting country issues . make sure that the coral producer obtains the cites permit for you before your order your coral jewelry .
precious coral was used in the oldest form of gemstone jewelry with pieces dating back 25 , 000 years showcased in museums . the use of coral , whose distinctive feature is that it can take a perfect polish , even predates the use of another ancient favorite , the pearl .
red coral : ( corallium japonicum ) with a history predating the ancient glories of rome , precious red coral has been revered since early civilizations for its color , luster and texture . found in ocean depths of approximately 500 to 1 , 000 feet , red coral grows only about 1 / 4 inch per year , making it a highly treasured gemstone . our red coral is harvested in waters off the island chains of ogasawara and ryuku , as well as the mediterranean . we also hand select both rough material and cut stones of the highest quality from markets around the world .
the appearance of calcareou coral can range from semi translucent to opaque . its color can go from light to dark pink and then to dark red . it is also found in white , orange and cream colors and also in purple and blue at times . the appearance of other variety of coral , conchiolin coral , can range from semi translucent to opaque . it is found in gray , black , yellow and dark brown colors .
it is difficult to find all the ideal conditions for the making of coral , such as right depth , intensity and temperature at one place . this is the reason there are less places in the world that provide best quality of coral . the best quality coral can be found in the southern ireland , madeira , bay of biscay , canaries , mauritius , cape de verde islands , japan , hawaii , australia , mediterranean , red sea , malay archipelago and in the japanese waters . italy is the place that is considered the center of coral jewelry making . in italy , torre del greco , near naples is the place where the best quality of coral jewelry is made . you can buy a lot of jewelry designs of coral , such as beautiful earrings , pendants , brooches , rings , tie bars , cuff links , belt buckles , pillboxes and inlaid jewelry boxes .
the gem use of coral began before recorded history . the ancient greeks , romans , and native americans used red , pink , and white corals extensively . deep red , bright pink , and clear white corals were highly prized . inland cultures far from the sources of coral would trade for these resources .
we are therefore asking jewelers everywhere to stop the advertising and selling of coral jewelry , and we ask that consumers cease purchasing this precious , endangered resource .
although coral reefs are more commonly found in tropical areas , they can occur in colder , deeper water , such as those found to the west of ireland .
our incomparable collection of the finest hawaiian and island lifestyle jewelry is recognized in hawaii and throughout the world for our exquisite island - inspired designs . from our original hawaiian slipper ( flip flop ) pendant , our wave pendant collection , our waterfall pendant collection , our elegant palm tree jewelry collection , to our latest koa wood inlay jewelry designs , and exclusive na hoku koa wood watches . we also feature our traditional hawaiian jewelry , our popular plumeria jewelry collection , our exquisite collection of pearl jewelry , and the timeless na hoku diamond solitaire engagement ring and bridal ring collections . we feature the exclusive collections made by kabana , le vian , effy , and bellarri . na hoku earrings , bracelets , pendants , necklaces , and rings capture the essence of the hawaiian and island lifestyle , and is unmatched in quality and craftsmanship . we invite you to visit us online or in our fine jewelry stores located across the continental u . s . and throughout hawaii .
16 . 5” hawaiian puca ( pucca ) shell necklace . it is designed with disc and flat nugget puca shells with the screw on clasp . the middle is designed with shells that have a lei flower design along with br . . .
auster pj ( 2007 ) conservation and adaptive management of seamount and deep - sea coral ecosystems . in : george ry , cairns sd , editors . conservation and adaptive management of seamount and deep - sea coral ecosystems . miami , fl : rosenstiel school of marine and atmospheric science , university of miami . pp . 93–99 .
hawaiian gold coral , like other corals in its family ( parazoanthidae ) , is epizoic , specifically associated with bamboo corals ( isididae ; octocorallia ) . it is unclear whether k . haumeaae colonizes host skeletons once its host has died , or whether it parasitizes it , competing for resources ( as do some closely related savalia species ) . recent studies suggest that the speciation and radiation of parazoanthid corals is driven by their close host relationships , and the biology behind these host / epizoid interactions are the subject of understanding a newly - discovered diversity of deep - sea octocorals ; four other genera of which were collected and described in the same scientific publication as k . haumeaae ( sinniger et al . 2013 ) .
etymology : this species name is dedicated to dr . frank parrish for his contribution to the knowledge of the biology of ku . haumeaae and other precious corals in the hawaiian archipelago as well as his support of the research of arb and fs .
a close relative of conchiolin corals is the rare blue coral . the hues are very nice , but the saturation is low , so these pieces tend towards gray shades .
to conclude , be very alert when you go off to buy the coral jewelry you like . remember the guiding tips above to get the best deal . happy shopping !
the coral that is suitable for jewelry is not generally formed in reefs . it is found in small branch - like structures . it can be seen as the skeletal remains of the marine animals or the polyp corallicum . the most worthful coral is the noble red , also called corallicum rubrum . a typical and unique feature of precious corals is that they have a wonderful polish .
the hawaiian gold coral , described here as ku . haumeaae , has historically been referred as “ gerardia sp . ” , a younger synonym of savalia nardo 1844 . based on the close molecular distances between all octocoral - associated zoanthids , all species examined could have been moved to the genus savalia which would then also include the genus corallizoanthus . however , savalia is characterised by its ability to secrete a skeleton and this ability is not shared by corallizoanthus , h . parrishi and ka . kerbyi ( unclear in h . ammophilus ) . morphology of the colonies is completely different between those species , with corallizoanthus colonies consisting of individual polyps connected together only temporarily after polyp division , b . emilyacadiaarum also presents a poorly developed coenenchyme and groups of polyps scattered along the host , and other species usually present dense colonies with well developed coenenchyme covering most of the host .
parrish fa , baco a ( 2007 ) state of deep coral ecosystems in the united states western pacific region : hawaii and the united states pacific islands . in : lumsden se , hourigan tf , et al . . , editors . the state of deep coral ecosystems of the united states . noaa technical memorandum crcp - 3 . silver spring , md : national oceanic and atmospheric administration . pp . 155–194 .
only the corals that grow slow and live long are selected for jewelry and other ornamental purposes . the intensive collection of reefs threatens them . if you wish to buy the coral jewelry from overseas , it is important to make sure that you find out if you should take a cites permit . when you are buying it at home , always enquire from the retailer whether the coral is imported with required cites permit .
miller k , neil h , tracey d ( 2009 ) recent advances in deep - sea coral science and emerging links to conservation and management of deep - sea ecosystems . mar ecol prog ser 397 : 1–5 .
murray roberts j , wheeler aj , freiwald a , cairns sd ( 2009 ) cold - water corals : the biology and geology of deep - sea coral habitats . cambridge : cambridge university press . 334 p .
a very dense and hard gemstone , its color runs the entire spectrum of pink , from almost white to hibiscus pink to salmon red . the marbled and shaded colorings in some larger pink corals are natural qualities of the gem . the value of pink coral gemstones vary according to rarity , but all shades of this coral are highly prized . maui divers hand selects only the highest quality stones that meet our rigorous standards of excellence .
biological interactions : this species colonises a paragorgiid coral , most likely paragorgia coralloides . due to the coexistence of the octocoral and the zoanthid , further studies are necessary to determine the type of relationship between the two organisms .
etymology : this species is named after terry kerby , who has been a hurl submersible pilot through most of the time period hurl has been in operation and was pilot during the collection of most of the specimens in this paper . his knowledge of the hawaiian deep - sea fauna considerably facilitated the sampling of the zoanthids described here .
strictly based on phylogenetic tree information , hawaiian species might be placed in the genus corallizoanthus , however , the remarks mentioned above apply also in this situation and while savalia would remain independent , the secretion of a skeleton by ku . haumeaae appears as a character difficult to ignore when grouping this species with non - skeleton secreting zoanthids .
bayesian tree based on concatenated 18s , coi and 16s genes . values at the nodes represent posterior probabilities and bootstrap values respectively . “ s ” indicate the ability to secrete a skeleton . values below posterior probabilities of 0 . 5 or 50 % bootstrap were considered as unresolved . hawaiian zoanthids described here are indicated in bold . epizoanthidae are used as outgroup . vertical bars indicate the species belonging to epizoanthidae and parazoanthidae respectively .
all those zoanthids were found in areas of seamount pinnacles or on the slope of hawaiian islands exposed to currents . this habitat was frequently shared with other precious corals such a corallium lauuense , other octocorals and antipatharians , as described in detail for ku . haumeaae in previous studies [ 3 ] – [ 5 ] . however , the distribution of those epizoic species is expected to be highly dependent on the distribution of the host organisms .
the coral skeletons contain essential amino acids left largely intact from when they were in the cells of phytoplankton from hundreds of years ago . by analyzing the composition of these amino acids in different growth rings , the researchers could tell what types of phytoplankton were dominant at different times in the past .
we thank dr . f . parrish dr . s . cairns , dr . h . zibrowius , dr . j . pawlowski , and dr . c . messing for their information on the gold coral and related zoanthids and advice in conducting this research . we also thank all the staff of the hawaii undersea research laboratory for the help in the sampling of the specimens . fs also which to thank dr . k . sakai and dr . s . harii for their help during the writing phase of this manuscript . dr . m . daly , dr . p . cartwright and dr . j . reimer contributed to obtaining several dna sequences of zoanthids used to compare to our samples . dr . p . chevaldonné and dr . m . bo kindly provided access to putative i . primnoidus specimens . the authors also wish to thank the anonymous reviewers for their contribution to improve this manuscript .
in 2005 , na hoku made the decision to cease all manufacture and sales of coral jewelry . while some questioned the economic sense of our decision , we felt then as we do now , that we are all responsible for the stewardship of our environment and must act , in any way we can , to protect it .
our pink coral designs reflect the beautiful and fragrant blossoms of the islands , such as the pikake flowers , which may well have been fashioned into the lei you received during a visit to hawaii . our princess ka ` iulani ring was named after the most beautiful princess of hawai ` i ; when you turn it to the side , it looks like a crown .
in the 1970s , pierre gilson developed “created corals” to help protect the natural variety from destructive harvesting . this imitation red and pink coral has a specific gravity ( sg ) of 2 . 44 . this is always lower than natural red and pink material . this synthetic has weak birefringence and lacks natural structure . under high magnification , you can see a fine granular texture .
corals are formed deep undersea by microscopic animals called coral polyps . these tiny , soft - bodied creatures form minute , hard shells . as a colony grows , it takes on complex branching , tree - like forms which allows the maximum number of polyps to be fed by the nutrients in the water . over time , colonies can form structures ranging from a hand - sized fan to a continent - wide reef .
etymology : this masculine genus name is dedicated to dr . helmut zibrowius for his precious contribution to deep - sea zoanthid science through the collection of several important samples . he also introduced the first author to deep - sea zoanthid research and especially to octocoral - associated zoanthids such as savalia through his accurate naturalistic observations and critical comments . this genus should not be confused with the coral - parasitic crustacean genus zibrowia grygier , 1985 .
distribution : throughout the hawaiian archipelago seamount and island slopes between 343–575 m on hard substrata in low - sediment areas with high relief . usually one of the most abundant taxa in this depth range and habitat type , often with other corals present . also observed in line and jarvis islands , palmyra atoll and kingman reef however at lower densities [ 3 ] . similar specimens with golden or dark brown , almost black axis , also referred as “ gerardia ” , were collected in the west atlantic [ 16 ] , [ 17 ] , and in new zealand [ 61 ] . if those zoanthids appear to be closely related enough to be congeneric , species - level relationships require further morphological and molecular analyses .
deep - sea corals , particularly on seamounts , have received significant attention over the last decade [ 1 ] . these corals have been shown to play a role as ecosystem biobuilders , acting as habitats for diverse invertebrate and fish communities [ 2 ] . in these studies , significant attention is given to scleractinians and more recently to octocorals . however , as in shallow water , the hexacorallian order zoantharia ( also sometimes called zoanthidea ) , may also make up a considerable component of some deep - sea coral communities [ 3 ] , [ 4 ] , [ 5 ] but have received little attention .
a ) kulamanamana haumeaae gen . n . sp . n . in situ , b ) zibrowius ammophilus gen . n . sp . n . in situ , c ) hurlizoanthus parrishi gen . n . sp . n . in situ , d ) axis of ku . haumeaae with the calcified skeleton of host bamboo coral visible in the center , e ) kauluzoanthus kerbyi gen . n . sp . n . fixed sample , polyps of ku . haumeaae can be seen on the right coloured in pink after reacting with formaldehyde , f ) bullagummizoanthus emilyacadiaarum gen . n . sp . n . fixed sample .
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copyright : © 2013 sinniger et al . this is an open - access article distributed under the terms of the creative commons attribution license , which permits unrestricted use , distribution , and reproduction in any medium , provided the original author and source are credited .
funding : specimens were collected by arb through grants from the hawaii undersea research laboratory and hawaii seagrant and by the national oceanic and atmospheric administration ( noaa ) office of ocean exploration grant numbers na04oar4600071 , na0oar4600108 , and na03oar4600110 . the funders had no role in study design , data collection and analysis , decision to publish , or preparation of the manuscript .
in 1913 carglren , who was probably the most active researcher on this order , said “among the anthozoa ( … ) there is hardly a group which is so uniform in its morphological characteristics as the zoantharia …” [ 23 ] . nearly a hundred years later , despite numerous taxonomical investigations of the morphological characteristics of this order , carlgren ' s statement is still accurate . the sphincter position has been traditionally used to identify zoanthid genera , although lwowsky [ 24 ] illustrated the risks of misidentification using this character . this is exemplified in the parazoanthidae , in which recent taxonomic work casts doubts on the significance of the sphincter muscle position ( the main distinguishing feature of isozoanthus ) as a valid character [ 7 ] and recent studies based on morphology assigned various unrelated zoanthids to the genus isozoanthus [ 25 ] – [ 28 ] , none of which matched with the ecological characteristics of previously described isozoanthus species . similarly , swain [ 29 ] showed clearly that the sphincter position did not allow proper identification at the genus level and does not represent the evolutionary history of this group .
at the species level , nematocysts appear to be the most promising morphological character for use within the order [ 28 ] , [ 30 ] , [ 31 ] . however , ryland et al . [ 32 ] suggests using very large sample size to obtain reliable information , although such size are too large for most descriptions of new species ( which are often represented by only a few polyps ) . additionally , until now no studies have been made on the intraspecific and intra - individual variation of nematocysts sizes and assemblages in zoanthids through their life cycle and through changes in biological activity . for these reasons , nematocysts as a diagnostic character are to be interpreted with caution until more research is being made both on intra - and interspecific cnidome variations .
recently , dna information has shed light on the phylogenetic relationships among zoanthids and has also helped revise the taxonomy of several groups of zoanthids as well as describe new taxa [ 7 ] , [ 8 ] , [ 21 ] , [ 33 ] – [ 35 ] . however , the sole use of dna to identify zoanthid species might not be sufficient to distinguish closely related species [ 36 ] and it is therefore necessary to integrate not only dna and morphology but also ecological parameters to identify specimens .
general morphology and anatomy were studied by means of a stereo dissecting microscope . the anatomical and micro anatomical details were studied using staining in toto . nematocysts were examined with a light microscope equipped with a nomarski differential interference contrast optic system . a minimum of ten polyps for each species and all the colonies available were examined . the classification and terminology of nematocysts follows that of schmidt [ 40 ] , as adapted by den hartog [ 41 ] and den hartog et al . [ 42 ] , in table 2 we also include the terminology used by ryland and lancaster [ 43 ] . the surveys of the cnidome are summarised in table 2 in which the ranges of length and width of nematocysts are included .
distribution , type , relative abundances and size ranges of cnidae in the new zoanthids species described here .
the electronic edition of this article conforms to the requirements of the amended international code of zoological nomenclature , and hence the new names contained herein are available under that code from the electronic edition of this article . this published work and the nomenclatural acts it contains have been registered in zoobank , the online registration system for the iczn . the zoobank lsids ( life science identifiers ) can be resolved and the associated information viewed through any standard web browser by appending the lsid to the prefix “ urltoken ” . the lsid for this publication is : urn : lsid : zoobank . org : pub : 369f0bc5 - 9cdd - 496e - 8c21 - 2baa9e996531 . the electronic edition of this work was published in a journal with an issn , and has been archived and is available from the following digital repositories : pubmed central , lockss .
abbreviation used : 16s = mitochondrial large ribosomal subunit ; arb = amy baco ; bpbm = bernice pauahi bishop museum ; mmc = museo del mar , ceuta ( spain ) ; mnhg = natural history museum of geneva ( switzerland ) ; niwa = national institute of water and atmospheric research ( wellington , new zealand ) ; nsmt = national museum of nature and science ( tokyo , japan ) ; usnm = smithsonian institution ( washington dc , usa ) ; rmnh = naturalis ( leiden , the netherlands ) .
urn : lsid : zoobank . org : act : f1f3fe5d - 3482 - 4658 - a84b - 589d2c4e225e
diagnosis : macrocnemic genus associated with octocorals secreting a golden to dark brown scleroproteic skeleton . absence of mineral incrustations in the ectoderm , well developed coenenchyme completely covering the host , . characteristic insertion / deletion pattern in the 16s v5 region sensu sinniger et al . [ 21 ] ( fig . 2 ) .
this figure shows the v5 region sensu sinniger et al . [ 21 ] with characteristic insertion / deletion pattern specific to each genus . this region is located in the second half of the mt16s rdna gene . sequences are represented from 5′ to 3′ and the sequences used are ay995925 , eu035623 , kc218431 , kc218438 , kc218434 , kc218433 , kc218435 .
cnidae in the different tissues of the zoanthids described here . letters correspond to the cnidae listed in table 2 .
urn : lsid : zoobank . org : act : de4b202a - 3564 - 4111 - 8885 - 81b5ac0dbce7
synonyms : parazoanthus sp . [ 10 ] , gerardia sp . [ 1 ] , [ 3 ] – [ 5 ] , [ 11 ] , [ 13 ] – [ 15 ] , [ 18 ] , [ 49 ] – [ 58 ] , savalia sp . [ 59 ] .
holotype : p5 593 , keahole point ( 19°48 . 203′ - 19°47 . 943′ n , 156°08 . 047′ - 156°07 . 478′ w ) , hawaii , 15 . 10 . 2004 , 396 . 5 m , coll . arb , more than 200 polyps on fragments of different sizes , presence of some polyps of the parasitic zoanthid kauluzoanthus kerbyi , usnm 1190187 ( formalin - fixed ) , fragment of 20–25 small polyps , usnm 1190188 ( ethanol - fixed ) .
paratypes : p5 - 582 , makapuu , hawaii , 02 . 10 . 2004 , 395 m , two fragments of 30–35 and 20 polyps of small size , bpbm - d2250 ( ethanol - fixed ) ; p5 - 582 , makapuu , hawaii , 02 . 10 . 2004 , 401 m , three fragments of 18–20 , 15 and 25–30 polyps medium to large size , mnhg - inve - 82279 ( ethanol - fixed ) ; p5 - 583 , makapuu , hawaii , 03 . 10 . 2004 , 427 m , three fragments of 24 , 30–35 and 10–15 polyps of different sizes , niwa - 84101 ( ethanol - fixed ) ; p5 - 583 , makapuu , hawaii , 03 . 10 . 2004 , 432 m , two fragments of 90–95 and 30–35 polyps of different sizes , mmc - t3 ( ethanol - fixed ) ; p5 - 583 , makapuu , hawaii , 03 . 10 . 2004 , 406 m , two fragments from the same colony of 45–50 and 60–65 polyps of different sizes , mmc - t4 ( formalin - fixed ) ; p5 - 585 , lanikai , hawaii , 05 . 10 . 2004 , 400 m , fragment of 10 small polyps and also a fragment of 85–90 polyps of small size , usnm 1190189 ( formalin - fixed ) ; p5 - 586 , lanikai , hawaii , 05 . 10 . 2004 , 410 m , three fragments of , 10–15 , 10–15 and 30–35 polyps of different sizes , niwa - 84102 ( ethanol - fixed ) ; p5 - 588 , cross seamount , hawaii , 09 . 10 . 2004 , 394 m , three fragments of 15–20 and 20–25 polyps of medium to big sizes , nsmt - co 1547 ( ethanol - fixed ) , two fragments of 8–10 and 20–25 polyps of medium size , mnhg - inve - 82280 ( ethanol - fixed ) ; p5 - 589 , cross seamount , hawaii , 09 . 10 . 2004 , 388 m , two fragments from the same colony of 80–90 polyps of different sizes and 25–30 polyps of small size , bpbm - d2251 ( ethanol - fixed ) ; gp5 p5 - 523 , bank 8 , hawaii , 06 . 10 . 2003 , 526 m , usnm 1190190 ( ethanol - fixed ) ; gp6 p5 - 522 , bank 8 , hawaii , 05 . 10 . 2003 , two fragments of 75–80 and 35–40 polyps of different sizes , 544 m , nsmt - co 1548 ( ethanol - fixed ) ; p4 - 19 , keahole point , hawaii , 22 . 11 . 2000 , 385 m , fragment of 55 polyps of equal size , rmnh coel . 40076 ( ethanol - fixed ) . all samples collected by arb .
diagnosis : golden axis , tissue colour ranging from pale yellow to medium orange , secretion of excessive mucus when collected and absence of mineral incrustations are distinctive characters of this species , in terms of cnidome , the main diagnostic characters appear to be the presence of enlarged penicilli a ( p - mastogophores a ) in tentacles and body wall and penicilli e in all the tissues .


icabad crane ( foaled april 9 , 2005 , in new york ) is an american thoroughbred racehorse by jump start out of adorahy .

in february 2007 , he was purchased as a two-year-old at the ocala breeders sale for $ 110,000 .

icabad crane is consistent , finishing in the money in 23 out of his 29 starts for his trainer h. graham motion .

icabad crane

icabad crane will attempt to conclude his 6 - year - o . . .
see icabad crane ' s last win , the 2011 evan shipman at saratoga .
icabad crane - zoe cadman will emcee the inaugural real . . . | facebook
not graham motion , the trainer of the third - place finisher , icabad crane .
icabad crane winning the evan shipman stakes on july 25 , 2011 . photo by maggie kimmitt .
to read what icabad crane’s owner graham motion had to say about icabad , the america’s most wanted thoroughbred contest , and aftercare , click here .
the retired racehorse project’s thoroughbred makeover has just concluded , and the final votes were tallied to officially declare herringswell stable’s icabad crane the 2014 winner . piloted by phillip dutton , icabad crane’s story has been a
phillip dutton and icabad crane at true prospect farm on april 4 , 2015 . photo by maggie kimmitt .
phillip dutton and icabad crane at paradise farm horse trials on feb . 13 2015 . photo by jenni autry .
like a baseball player hanging up his spikes and turning to professional golf , thoroughbred icabad crane is trying something new .
eventing and horse racing enthusiasts from all around the world have followed icabad’s journey , and now we want you all to come along for the ride as we see just how far phillip and icabad can go in the sport of eventing . help icabad reach for the stars by joining the icabad crane fan club !
we announced back in january that graham and anita motion had placed preakness stakes runner icabad crane in training with phillip dutton for a second career as an eventer . icabad did his first event a
phillip dutton and icabad crane winning the america’s most wanted thoroughbred contest on oct . 5 , 2014 . photo by megan stapley photography .
icabad crane and phillip dutton showed off their jumping skills in the america ' s most wanted thoroughbred contest . ( megan stapley photography )
• a limited edition icabad crane hat , plus access to t - shirts and other gear . • a photo of icabad crane signed by phillip dutton and graham motion . • an email newsletter with behind - the - scenes photos and training videos featuring phillip and icabad . • a chance to meet phillip and icabad at special events — like in kentucky at his first cci1 * at hagyard midsouth !
icabad crane wins evan shipman stakes at saratoga 2011 with rajiv maragh up just a reminder of what a game race horse icabad was… here he is coming from behind to win in the slop at saratoga in 2011 .
the retired racehorse project’s thoroughbred makeover has just concluded , and the final votes were tallied to officially declare herringswell stable’s icabad crane the 2014 winner .
the videos upped the horse’s popularity , but dutton made sure the win was secure when he showed off icabad crane’s moves in front of the crowd at pimlico .
returning to that track where he finished third in the 2008 preakness stakes , icabad crane was able to better that performance on oct . 5 at pimlico race course .
you can call him icabad . not ichabod , like the character from “the legend of sleepy hollow . ” there is a thoroughbred named ichabod crane , a 1983 version .
this year we’ve got three new york hunch - betting opportunities : spa city princess in the iroquois ; adirondack summer in the mohawk , and icabad crane in the classic .
icabad crane took a huge leap forward this weekend at the plantation field horse trials in nearby unionville , pennsylvania . with partner phillip dutton aboard , icabad made his debut at the fei ( federation equestre internationale ) level , competing in – and winning – his first cic * event . sitting in fourth place after friday afternoon’s dressage phase , icabad
icabad crane already has had success in his first few events , and in may it was announced that he will tackle another challenge in the america’s most wanted thoroughbred contest . icabad crane will represent the change from racehorse to eventer in the contest , in which he will be competing against nine other thoroughbreds transitioning into new careers from ranch work to fox hunting .
the end brought to mind a saratoga conversation between cohen and the motions . anita had said she wanted to add icabad crane to the retirement paddock at fair hill with former standouts better talk now and gala spinaway . of course , icabad crane competed for two more seasons - burnishing his reputation as a barn favorite and sought - after morning mount for exercise riders .
the new york - bred is the third horse the motions have sent to dutton . the other two , ballast and icabad crane ' s half - brother van tassel , came home quickly .
icabad crane first did a demo with @ duttoneventing aboard , then was hacked around by a 13 - year - old girl . urltoken — jen roytz ( @ jenroytz ) october 5 , 2014
post by anita motion . phillip dutton has begun preparing graham and anita motion’s icabad crane for the 2015 season , and a new video series promises an inside look into phillip’s training methods as well as
popular ottb icabad crane had a busy weekend in kentucky last week , competing in the cci * as well as putting on a couple of exhibitions for the retired racehorse project thoroughbred makeover . that’s what happens
• help support icabad crane’s career . all fan club dues go directly to funding his competition costs . • help support other ottbs . fan club dues will also go to support charities that help off - track thoroughbreds like icabad . • learn from a two - time olympic gold medalist . you’ve seen phillip’s training videos on icabad’s facebook page . fan club members will receive even more exclusive training videos .
multiple stakes winner icabad crane raced in behind the leaders before rallying when asked and overtaking stormy’s majesty at the finish line for a nose victory in the $ 75 , 000 evan shimpman s . at saratoga .
last week , we brought you a great video featuring phillip dutton and graham and anita motion’s icabad crane as they prepare for their 2015 season . two more videos have since been published , taking a deeper look into
however , this horse has shown the ability to compete with open company when properly spotted . this likes like one of those spots . if the pace proves faster than expected , icabad crane might provide a shocker .
anyone even remotely familiar with herringswell stables knows that icabad crane is and always has been very special to the entire team . he earned his reputation first as a hard - knocking stakes winner on the racetrack , but in his second career as an event horse under the tutelage of olympic champion phillip dutton , icabad has become
he’s not a loner . icabad likes a friend with him when he goes out in turn - out .
dutton is based in pennsylvania , but heads to aiken , s . c . this week to get ready for the 2014 eventing season . icabad crane , now owned by his former trainer graham motion and wife anita , will go with the stable . the motions technically purchased icabad crane from mack for $ 1 and control his future as an eventer . it could be bright , even though he ' s a long way from the olympics .
graham and anita motion’s former star racehorse , icabad crane , has made waves in the eventing world this year after transitioning to a second career under the tutelage of phillip dutton . not only has the 9 - year - old
since beginning his eventing career , icabad crane has made eight starts and is now competing at training level . most recently , under the tutelage of waylon roberts , icabad finished 13th at seneca valley . the former preakness stakes runner gained massive popularity with the eventing crowd for his easy demeanor and affinity for eventing that seemed to come naturally to him .
in the last month , icabad crane learned to jump , took some early dressage lessons , even splashed through a water hazard while impressing his new trainer , an olympian for his native australia and the united states during a long eventing career .
just 121 votes behind icabad crane was pookie’s princess , who finished second in the contest . pookie’s princess showed off a variety of skills under western tack , including reining and western dressage , before laying down on the track for her rider patrick king .
actually dutton was given another horse before icabad . he didn ' t have the talent or desire that icabad does . this dicipline is not for every horse but it ' s nice to see that for some they can excell at multiple things .
he’s got a huge fan club and his very own facebook page . when news that racehorse trainer graham motion was sending a thoroughbred from his herringswell stables to eventing star phillip dutton to re - train at the end of 2013 , interest in icabad crane skyrocketed .
in november of 2008 , icabad crane was second in the itaka ( come on…anyone ? anyone with an itaka / ithaca connection for me ? it really would pull all this together beautifully ) . last year , he was second to friend or foe in the empire classic .
foaled april 9 , 2005 in new york , icabad crane ( jump start – adorahy , by rahy ) started his career as a racehorse in 2007 , winning three of his first four starts and setting himself on the triple crown trail with kentucky derby winning trainer graham motion .
you can watch icabad crane go through some of these training steps on the herringswell stables youtube channel . the videos include several of dutton narrating the training process plus some post - event comments from dutton ' s assistant waylon roberts , who was aboard for two competitions in june .
as well as our runners at pimlico this weekend icabad crane finished third on sunday at fair hill . this is his second attempt at preliminary level eventing . it was 2008 when he ran in the preakness where he finished third to big brown . obviously he’s a pretty talented guy .
the retired racehorse project put up a poll for the public to vote for their favorite most wanted thoroughbred , which icabad crane handily won with 24 . 2 % of the final poll vote . phillip and icabad also impressed during their demo when they showed off their adjustability , riding a line in 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , and 8 strides before coming back down in 4 again . how’s that for retraining ?
division b had a decent shake - up of the top 10 at the conclusion of cross country . phillip dutton on icabad crane made this course look easy putting in one of the 10 double clears for the division . phillip holds on to his dressage score of 41 . 1 and moves into first place with a fast round 19 seconds inside the time . icabad handled his first fei cross country round with an expert attitude .
piloted by phillip dutton , icabad crane’s story has been a fun one to follow . “this is a cool horse , ” phillip dutton said upon accepting the first place awards , which include a $ 6 , 000 check and a revitavet therapy system . we couldn’t agree more , phillip !
this afternoon , the demonstrations will include what we’ve all been waiting for : eventing ! laine ashker , jennie brannigan , and phillip dutton will be on hand to strut their stuff . don’t forget that phillip’s mount , icabad crane , is one of the horses vying for the most wanted title !
last year , motion and his wife , anita , “bought” icabad crane , a motion - trainee and the 2008 preakness stakes third - place finisher , from owner earle mack for $ 1 when it was decided to retire the gelding . icabad crane was put in training with three - day event gold medalist phillip dutton later that year and motion’s herringswell stables has been allowing the gelding’s fans to track his progress with dutton with updates on facebook and through the stable’s youtube page , which also features videos of other parts of stable life as well , in addition to a blog on this is horse racing .
phillip , catch us up on how icabad crane is doing at your winter base in south carolina . “he just arrived here in aiken . he spent a little more time in pennsylvania with the idea being to bring him back a bit slower this year . he had such a whirlwind last year and i just wanted
with his partner phillip dutton aboard , icabad crane made an appearance at “eventing with the stars” this afternoon . the event was presented by dutton and fellow pan american games gold medalist boyd martin at windurra usa , the home base of martin and his wife silva in cochranville , pennsylvania . the appreciative and knowledgeable crowd spent the
icabad crane ( usa ) dkb / br . g , 2005 { 4 - r } dp = 7 - 8 - 13 - 0 - 0 ( 28 ) di = 3 . 31 cd = 0 . 79 - 33 starts , 7 wins , 7 places , 9 shows career earnings : $ 585 , 980
icabad crane is a new york - bred which had a long string of bridesmaid starts until posting a victory in march of 2010 . the gelding then managed to collect five more checks without winning until putting a pair of victories back - to - back over the winter . both came versus restricted state - bred company .
after phillip’s demo ride , his 13 - year - old daughter , olivia , got on and hacked the gelding around , once again showing off his mild manner and rideability . phillip has done a great job with icabad crane , and the top prize comes as a well - deserved nod to his skills in the saddle .
when voting started earlier this month , the icabad crane team released a series of videos with famous industry personalities talking about the horse . among the participants in the series were his trainer during his racing career and current owner graham motion plus jockey julien leparoux , with current rider phillip dutton and his daughter olivia also making videos .
my wife and i had always wanted to do something with phillip and [ his wife ] evie in this regard . it’s something my wife had thought about quite a long time ago , and icabad crane just seemed like the perfect horse to pursue it with . he’s a pretty well - known horse , he was an older horse with a tremendous disposition and he didn’t have a career - ending injury . we just felt that it was time to call it a career for him . [ icabad crane’s racing owner ] earle mack was gracious enough to give him to my wife to pursue this . so it just was kind of the perfect scenario .
icabad won his first preliminary eventing title at shawan downs this saturday . i don ' t have the placings to post here but they are on his facebook page .
i cabad crane has his own facebook page where you can follow along with his progress in his new career as an eventer . and , of course , we’ll be sure to follow along with the story here as icabad learns the ropes and starts competing . kudos to the motions for giving a war horse a second chance at a new career .
he’s famous . dutton’s head groom emma ford was amused at a grooming clinic at dutton’s true prospect farm ( pa . ) last summer . she made sure the four - star headliners at the farm were spiffed up for people to see—mr . medicott , mighty nice and fernhill fugitive . “i didn’t even think about icabad , ” ford said . “but at the end of the clinic we let them meet the top horses , and everyone wanted to see him . nobody was that interested about the top horses . they all wanted to see icabad crane .
at the end of his racing career , he was given to graham and anita motion and they are very involved with his new career . anita goes to dutton ' s stable and regularly videos icabad ' s training sessions and then posts them . icabad seems to be part of their family . icabad ' s progress is not hindered by having an olympic rider / trainer . but the talent and attitude all come from inside the horse . for him to have gone from beginner novice to preliminary in a little over a year is amazing .
make your payment of $ 50 online by clicking the paypal button below ( or by clicking here ) , or send a check for $ 50 with “icabad crane fan club” in the memo to phillip dutton eventing llc , 248 hood rd , west grove , pa 19390 . be sure to include your name and email address in order to receive the fan club email newsletter .
the retired racehorse made 33 starts for owner earle mack , winning stakes and placing third in the 2008 preakness . big brown won that day , but icabad crane parlayed that brush with greatness into a racing career that lasted until 2013 and he ' s not finished as the 9 - year - old gelding recently joined the barn of international three - day event rider phillip dutton .
icabad crane , in his work with world - class event rider / trainer phillip dutton , is no exception . the training involves learning dressage - a series of precise movements in a ring under the watchful eyes of a judge . once a fast - galloping , lead - changing , powerful - starting racehorse , icabad crane must be a calm , collected , responsive , disciplined athlete now . his bold side gets to come out in cross country , where he navigates jumps over varying sizes and shapes , plus water obstacles , hills , banks and the like . finally , show jumping adds the final element and mixes the discipline of dressage with the bravery of cross country . a good show jumper must leap boldly when needed , but listen and relax and turn on demand .
our favorite video is titled
the dreaded water ,
and shows icabad crane learning the water obstacle - about as far from his racing career as you could get . it ' s not that bad , and it ' s only referred to as dreaded because he ' d probably prefer to lie down and roll in it rather than trot or canter through . regardless , he ' s learning .
multiple stakes winner icabad crane raced in behind the leaders before rallying when asked and overtaking stormy’s majesty at the finish line for a nose victory in the $ 75 , 000 evan shimpman s . at saratoga . his fifth stakes win and seventh lifetime win for the six - year - old half brother to hip 258 selling at saratoga aug . 13 . breeder gallagher’s stud has had a lot of updating on their bernstein filly’s page in past few days . her half - brother won on opening day at the spa as well . icabad crane is also a denali sale graduate of the ny - bred preferred sale , he has won or placed in 21 of his lifetime starts including a third in the 2008 preakness s . - g1 . he races for another denali stud client , mr . earle i . mack .
icabad crane , ridden by eventing olympic gold medalist phillip dutton , bettered nine other horses , showing off many different disciplines to take home the winner’s share of the $ 10 , 000 prize . the disciplines on display were polo , show hunter , eventing , ranch work , steeplechase , fox hunter , show jumper , barrel racing , dressage , and pony club with each horse credibly showing off their chosen discipline .
phillip told this is horse racing that icabad is “ naturally a very balanced horse who has a great attitude to being ridden and to learning . ” icabad is traveling to aiken this week to spend the rest of the winter at phillip’s red oak farm , and he indicated the plan is to get the horse out to a few local shows this spring before entering him in his first event later this summer .
the bay gelding ( jump start—adorahy , rahy ) won $ 585 , 980 on the track in 33 starts—including placing third in the 2008 preakness stakes ( md . ) —and retired from running at age 8 . and when icabad crane won the title of most wanted thoroughbred at the 2014 retired racehorse retraining project’s thoroughbred makeover , he became a hero to off - the - track thoroughbred fans everywhere . dutton brought “icabad” up the levels carefully , from beginner novice to training level in 2014 , making his preliminary debut in february of 2015 . he finished last year with fifth place in the hagyard midsouth cci * ( ky . ) .
with a 5 - stride line of jumps set up on track , dutton adjusted icabad crane’s stride so he took them in four , five , six , seven , and eight strides before taking another go at four strides . but that wasn’t the end of the demonstration as dutton’s 13 - year - old daughter , olivia , then got on the gelding and showed off his work when not jumping , winning over the crowd .
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icabad crane is officially a prelim horse ! he placed third today ( feb . 25 ) at full gallop farm horse trials in his debut at the preliminary level , finishing on his dressage score of 30 . 0 . he was the fastest horse on cross country in his division by 36 seconds — i think he had fun out there . . . i’d like to think that at the higher levels he’s going to be even more competitive when the fitness and endurance on cross country matter more . this is his career now , and we’re committed to taking this as far as icabad wants to go . if today is any indicator , this journey is far from over . thank you to barry bornstein for the great photo of icabad at full gallop today .
so happy to see this horse doing well .
winless in 2009 , icabad crane rebounded to win two stakes in 2010 and two more in 2011 while battling the likes of flat out , hymn book , compliance officer , haynesfield , banrock and others . a tendon injury stopped his racing career for more than a year ( he missed all of 2012 ) , and he returned for three starts in 2013 . all losses , the races convinced motion that the horse ' s racing days were over .
launching a strong bid from between horses on the final turn , favored icabad crane ran down the front - running mint lane in the final sixteenth of a mile to register a head victory in the $ 100 , 000 federico tesio stakes on opening weekend at pimlico april 19 . the triumph could provide trainer h . graham motion and owner earle i . mack with a prospect for the may 17 preakness ( gr . i ) over the track .
dutton will take 30 horses to aiken and does indeed like what he sees from one of the newest . icabad crane is
naturally a very balanced horse who has a great attitude to being ridden and to learning .
his winter will be spent continuing to learn about this new career , making some treks to local shows and events just to get a feel for them ( without competing ) with an eye toward his first true eventing competition by summer .
joe clancy has the full story today over on his blog this is horse racing , which chronicles icabad’s success on the track , as well as the decision to ultimately retire him last year when he came back sound from an injury but no longer had his old spark left . the story says graham knew icabad “wasn’t a gelding who just wanted to go out in a paddock , ” so he and anita approached phillip about a new career for the horse .
in order to maximize the success of horses after leaving the track , aftercare organizations employ various screening processes to place horses with suitable adopters with goals the horse may thrive in . this evaluation process can , informally , start before a horse leaves the track . trainer graham motion and his wife , anita , have sent a number of former herringswell stable trainees on to successful second careers – including classic - placed icabad crane , now a winning eventer in two - time olympic gold medalist phillip dutton’s barn .
i think , in general , everyone has really stepped up and become much more aware of it . i think people certainly give us a lot of praise for what we’re doing [ retraining icabad crane ] . but i think a lot of people in the business are doing this , we’re certainly not the only ones . there are a lot of people doing a lot of good things out there whether they are owners , breeders or trainers . i think everyone is much more involved than they used to be and i think that’s a good thing , obviously .
notice that , under the npp model , only the place and show odds on indyanne are lower than those computed before , while the corresponding odds on porte bonheur and informed decision are considerably higher . this is particularly significant to show bettors , as it allows value - oriented players to find viable alternatives to a heavy favorite without needing them to win . such was the case in the 2008 preakness stakes when big brown paid $ 2 . 40 straight , while the show returns on macho again and icabad crane checked in at $ 10 . 40 and $ 5 . 60 respectively .
it’s no secret we’re suckers for a good ottb story here on en , and we especially love the latest news out of phillip dutton’s camp . kentucky derby - winning trainer graham motion and his wife , anita , have sent 2008 preakness stakes runner icabad crane into training with phillip to become an eventer . in addition to placing third in the preakness , the now 9 - year - old gelding [ jump start x adorahy , by rahy ] , won or hit the board in numerous other stakes races , finishing his career last year with 33 starts and $ 585 , 980 in winnings .
he was also a horse who was not particularly nice to ride ; he was always very difficult , very quirky , ( laughs ) not a particularly nice horse to be around . so it was a situation where , probably the opposite of icabad crane , we always knew he would be a hard horse to place . we just thought he would really appreciate staying in the routine . he enjoyed his routine and he was 10 years old . i think sometimes it is hard for horses to be taken away from that , so that’s kind of what we’ve tried to do and he’s done very well with it .
icabad quickly learned the ropes of eventing , winning his first beginner novice event with phillip in march 2014 . he moved up to novice and then training level in six months , ending his first eventing season by winning the retired racehorse project’s $ 10 , 000 america’s most wanted thoroughbred contest in october 2014 .
icabad finished 3rd in the preakness stakes and 8th in the belmont stakes in 2008 and went on to win four more races in a career that ultimately spanned six years on the racetrack . he hit the board in an impressive 75 percent of his 33 total starts to collect $ 585 , 980 in earnings .
among the 18 nominees to next saturday ' s 30th running of the kings point for older new york - breds at 1 1 / 8 miles are almighty silver , a three - time winner at the meet ; driven by solar ( see this week ' s horses to watch ) ; icabad crane , a sharp second in open company last out to odds - on well positioned ; manteca , runner - up in the 2009 kings point ; mighty morris , coming off back - to - back allowance wins ; naughty new yorker , a 56 - race veteran who recently surpassed the $ 1 million earnings plateau ; and stud muffin , the 2008 empire classic winner .
here are a few photos of icabad and olivia dutton at plantation field horse trials this past weekend . competing together for the first time , the pair won the thoroughbred series novice division , finishing up on their dressage score of 28 . 00 with no penalties incurred in their stadium or cross country rounds ! and phillip dutton sent
john quidor’s 1858 painting of the headless horseman pursuing ichabod crane hangs in the smithsonian american art museum . visit its site for more on “the legend of sleepy hollow , ” including a feature that weds the painting with excerpts from the story , written by new yorker washington irving and set in sleepy hollow , new york ( formerly north tarrytown ) .
while only a minor event , the 1 1 / 8 - mile proud spell s . was dominated by the a . p . indy tribe . a . p . indy sired the 6 3 / 4 - length winner , love and pride , who is a close relative of bernardini . the runner - up and third - place finishers were by tapit and bernardini , respectively . the tale was the same in a couple of 1 1 / 8 - mile stakes restricted to new york - breds : mineshaft ' s daughter mineralogist landed the saratoga dew s . , and icabad crane , by a . p . indy ' s son jump start , scored in the evan shipman s .
after retiring sound from the track in 2013 , new owners graham and anita motion of herringswell stables saw icabad’s athletic drive and desire and decided to put him in training for eventing . they sent him to double olympic gold medalist phillip dutton , who rode american thoroughbreds like truluck , house doctor and caymen went with much success at the upper levels .
now 10 years old , icabad is on his way to excelling in yet another career . he successfully moved up to the preliminary level in february 2015 and is now preparing to make his cci1 * debut at the hagyard mid - south three - day event in lexington , kentucky , in october 2015 , where he will also give a demonstration at the 2015 thoroughbred makeover .
while the end product was on display sunday , the contest started this summer and fans were able to follow the progress of all 10 horses on the retired racehorse project website . fans were able to vote earlier this month for their favorite horse and again while the horses were showing off their moves at pimlico , leading team icabad to pull out all the stops to secure the win .
icabad goes with the flow . “he’s easy to deal with , ” ford said . “we take him to a show and there is no drama . he stands on the trailer and ties . he’s just like , ‘dude , whatever . ’ at a show if i need to take two out to hand graze at once , i always take him because he will always be fine . ”
he didn’t catch on to cross - country right away , but it didn’t take him long ! “the first time phillip did some banks with icabad , the horse came back with some scrapes , and i was like what happened here , ” ford said . “but by that weekend when he was competing , he had figured it out . the thing that is so special about him is just how he has taken to the sport . ”
i think anyone who takes on an ex - racehorse just needs to be patient and give them time to adapt . icabad is a quick study in it but not all horses are going to adapt as quickly as he has . i think some horses for whatever reason , whether it is from an injury or just being wound up from being on the racetrack , i think some horses just need time to get away from the atmosphere that they are used to and settle down . that would probably be the biggest advice i would give .
this magnificent gelding ran out of graham and anita motion ' s herringswell stables at fair hill training center for six years , earning $ 586 , 000 in 33 starts . you might remember him running a close third to big brown in the preakness stakes . owner earl mack was thrilled to hand him over to graham and anita upon his retirement last fall , and we were thrilled to see him go to america ' s top event rider and trainer phillip dutton at true prospect farm in pennsylvania . phillip and icabad got started before most of the horses in this event , so they will demonstrate a slightly higher level of the training of an event horse . he is competing novice this summer and will most likely move up to training level by fall .
welcome to phillip dutton eventing . whether you are seeking our services or are just an eventing enthusiast , we hope you find the information you need and enjoy our site .
it takes a lot of dedication and hard work to get a horse or horses to be successful in the sport of eventing , especially at the three - and four - star level . we’re thrilled to recognize our team on our website and to give you the opportunity to get to know them .
we strive every day to do the best possible job with each and every horse and rider . we are a family - run and family - involved barn and take pride in our many years , knowledge and success in the sport . we invite you to learn about what we do and follow our progress .
anita motion and maggie kimmitt grabbed their respective cameras and headed to phillip and evie dutton’s true prospect farm in west grove , pennsylvania this morning for an update on herringswell’s “eventing team . ” anita did the videoing and maggie shot still photos , which you can see by following the link below to the brand new gallery
“i’d rather not compete him until he’s really ready , ” phillip told this is horse racing . “ i want to get him to understand that he’s not going to get in a starting gate anymore . he’s got to remember the stuff i teach him at home when we go places with a lot of other horses and loudspeakers and things . ”
this weekend , eventers and others from around the equine industry will be at pimlico racecourse to promote the wonderful ottb . the retired racehorse project has done a great job of putting together this event , which
the retired racehorse project’s thoroughbred makeover kicks off today at pimlico racecourse in maryland , and eventers will take center stage all weekend to promote second careers for off - track thoroughbreds .
the second annual retired racehorse project thoroughbred makeover - a marketplace and national symposium will be held this october 4 and 5 at pimlico race course . at the event , a winner will be crowned for the new
it’s no secret we’re suckers for a good ottb story here on en , and we especially love the latest news out of phillip dutton’s camp . kentucky derby - winning trainer graham motion and his wife , anita , have
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with seven stakes on a 10 - race card worth $ 1 milli . . .
looking for a horse that is in it for the long hau . . .
winx ' s staying power as one of the world ' s top rac . . .
t . j . comerford , assistant trainer for aidan o ' brie . . .
the bay gelding is now 11 and , after the winter spent solidifying his training , is gearing up for the spring season with dutton .
“we’ll go to a show and there are always people who want to see him , ” ford continued .
he does have a little bit of an edge , though . “he’s normally quite personable—you can go in the stall and cuddle with him—but grooming you need to watch yourself , ” ford said . “he took time to come around to the tidying up , doing the ears and mane . the first few times , he was sort of like , ‘what ? no ! ’ and when you wash him you have to be careful about the hind—he has gotten me once , ” said ford .
he’s not afraid to just say “no . ” “his reaction to things he doesn’t like is just no , ” ford said . “but he does figure it out . when they installed the six - horse walker he wanted nothing to do with it . he was totally like , ‘nope , i’m not going in there . ’ it took a week , but now he walks fine in it in the middle of his space . ”
he doesn’t seem to remember the word “no” when the tack is on , though . “his whole attitude towards training is , you teach me and i’m going to give it a go , ” said ford .
he’s anything but a wimp . “he’s tough horse , ” ford said . “if he pulls a shoe , he’s still going to do it . ” and he knows when it’s time to shine—when he’s in the ring , “he puts on his twinkle toes . ”
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3rd preakness s [ g1 ] , rushaway s [ tp ] , alex m . robb h [ r , aqu , 8 . 5f ]
won kings point h [ r ] , alex m robb s [ r , aqu , 8 . 5f ]
at 6 : won g ' day mate s [ r , aqu , 1m70y ] , evan shipman s [ r , sar , 9f ] 2nd alex m . robb s [ r , aqu , 8 . 5f ] 3rd william donald schaefer mem . s [ g3 , pim , 8 . 5f ] , adirondack holme s [ r , aqu , 8f ] foaled apr 9 , 2005 . obsfeb07 $ 110k updated 29jan14 urltoken won first start as an eventer in beginner novice c division at full gallop farm horse trials ( close )
a . p . indy ( usa ) dkb / br . 1989 [ ic ]
stars and stripes racing festival at belmont , ride to the million at arlington highlight big day of racing action from coast to coast .
actually less than that now . sean writes about another season at saratoga and looks back at some of his favorite spa moments in his the inside rail blog .
mike smith and harry rice went all the way from aqueduct in 1989 to the triple crown in 2018 .
jump jockey riding out at fair hill , working as starter and race director at steeplechase meets .
phillip likes him , it ' s not like he ' s doing this for the hell of it ,
said anita .
he says he hasn ' t been around many horses that are so willing to please , so wanting to do well .
he was always like that , always very willing ,
said graham .
he ' s athletic and his athleticism is one thing , but his disposition is so good . that helped him .
he ran a big race to win the tesio , so that ' s why we went to the preakness ,
said cohen .
this was before animal kingdom ( won the kentucky derby for motion ) so it was a really neat thing for all of us . icky , that ' s what we called him , had a little trouble or he might have run second . he did us proud .
he came back fine from the injury ,
said graham .
he trained fine , he just didn ' t run well . i guess he didn ' t want to do it anymore .
you learn to become disassociated with horses because you know they could be claimed , they could get hurt or the owners could take them away ,
said anita of life with a racing stable .
you have to learn to kind of not get attached or get too sentimental , but when they ' re with you until they ' re 8 years old , you get attached . we had six years with the horse . that ' s a long time , and he always had a lovely personality and a friendly face . we wanted to keep him around and maybe see if he could do something else .
as far as we were concerned , we just wanted him to have a good home ,
said cohen .
we took a shot and brought him back ( in 2013 ) and he wasn ' t the same . we retired him and graham said he wasn ' t a gelding who just wanted to go out in a paddock .
he ' ll tell us ,
dutton said .
i ' d rather not compete him until he ' s really ready . i want to get him to understand that he ' s not going to get in a starting gate anymore . he ' s got to remember the stuff i teach him at home when we go places with a lot of other horses and loudspeakers and things .
i don ' t know what it takes to do it at the level phillip does , but i always thought he could be that kind of horse ,
graham said .
it would be very cool to see him go on and do something , for him and to show that horses like him can go on and do things like this . he could be a great example .
of course , if it doesn ' t work out that paddock at fair hill will be there .
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it rained on belmont day . it was cloudy on travers day . it rained on jockey club gold cup day . but this saturday is new york showcase day , and it looks like we’re going to get perfect autumn weather on the day that to me embodies fall racing in new york .
if we’re lucky , the trees up the backstretch and in the backyard will be wearing their colors , having shed just enough of them to create a satisfying crunch underfoot . it will be time for boots and sweaters . a flask of bourbon to ward off the belmont chill will be practically de rigeur .
in the clubhouse , grandstand , and backyard , we’ll celebrate new york . the new york winery glenora will offer a tasting in the clubhouse lobby , and nearly two dozen new york crafters and food purveyors will set up in the grandstand , featuring local products including cheese , jams and fruit spreads for sampling and purchase , as well as hand - crafted items for sale .
out in the back , an autumn carnival will feature a scarecrow hunt , a hayride and pumpkin patch , face painting , a pumpkin carver , and pony rides . all activities are free for children 12 and under .
and on the track , we’ll celebrate new york breeding and racing , with seven stakes races for new york - breds , headlined by the empire classic .
some aptly named horses have won races on these days over the years , beginning in 1980 , when adirondack holme took the empire stakes for two - year - olds . in 1994 , the empire stakes became the empire classic .
adirondack holme was bred and raced by assunta louis farm in friends lake in the adirondacks . a star on the new york circuit , he was named champion new york - bred two - year - old in 1980 and champion new york - bred three - year - old the following year .
in 1988 , caroline street won the mohawk for two - year - old fillies . while her racing career was undistinguished , her name is not : the street in saratoga that it recalls is a mainstay of spa city revelers .
in 1992 , argyle lake won the hudson , and a little research reveals more than echoes of racing history in his name . in 1882 , august belmont – yes , the same august belmont for whom the stakes is named – built the argyle hotel in babylon , new york , on long island ; argyle lake was on its grounds . a magnificent edifice , the hotel was apparently a misguided exercise in opulence , as it was demolished in 1904 .
i’d like to think that itaka is somehow related to ithaca , but i can’t find any evidence to support that theory . nonetheless , itaka is among the most consistent performers in new york - bred stakes races . in 1993 he won the joseph a . gimma as a two - year - old and returned the next year to win the empire classic . he was second in the classic in 1995 .
but it was the fudge that made the day ! it was a wonderful celebration of the season ; so glad i went .
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berkshire stud bred and denali sold hessonite wins the cupecoy’s joy s . at belmont
as kentucky derby winner animal kingdom resumes training for his four - year - old campaign next year , trainer graham motion hopes eclipse award voters don ' t forget about the colt ' s three - year - old season , which was cut short by an injury in the belmont stakes .
“ultimately , he won the classic race that everyone wants to win in what was his first start on the dirt . i think people have overlooked that , ” motion tells the thoroughbred times . “he came back in his second start ever on dirt and was just beaten in the preakness , and then we all know what happened in the belmont .
“i just can’t believe that ultimately his record doesn’t say something . he’s beaten these horses like stay thirsty . i think people were so quick to jump on that horse’s bandwagon when he finished behind us in the derby , and i think ultimately the derby is still the classic that everyone wants to win . i think it’s unfair for people to hold it against him that he wasn’t able to race for the rest of the season , and really even in the belmont he ran a pretty remarkable race . [ animal kingdom ] is very highly rated internationally , and i think that’s something that also has been overlooked a bit . ”
yesterday we showcased the latest international thoroughbred rankings , which included the world top twenty . in what is quite the most emphathic recognition to date of the quality of horse racing in this country , all of sun classique ( the highest rated filly in the world ) , jay peg and pocket power weighed in on the list , and by our reckoning , that would put these horses in the top 0 , 5 % of the world’s best runners , in a population of racehorses across the world in excess of 250 000 .
it’s a sobering thought then , that in very recent times , both jay peg and pocket power went down to summerhill - breds , in the case of jay peg when dynamite mike “smoked” him in the kzn guineas , and in pocket power’s case , when imbongi ran him down at weight - for - age in last weekend’s drill hall stakes .
there are all sorts of arguments about where these horses were in preparation terms at the time of their defeats , but there is one incontrovertible fact about the truth . malice may attack it , ignorance may deride it , but in the end , there it is !