eutorna inornata is a moth in the depressariidae family .

it was described by alfred philpott in 1927 .

it is found in new zealand .

the wingspan is 12 – 14 mm .

the forewings are ochreous mixed with white and with a blackish – fuscous spot , usually elongate , at about one-third and a black dot in the disc at two-thirds .

the hindwings are greyish-fuscous .

eutorna inornata

eutorna inornata philpott , 1927 ; trans . n . z . inst . 58 : 88 ; tl : seaward moss , invercargill ; bottle lake and waikuku
eutorna leonidi lvovsky , 1979 ; trudy zool . inst . leningr . 81 : 103
eutorna generalis meyrick , 1921 ; zool . meded . leyden 6 : 172 ; tl : java , preangor
eutorna leonidi ; [ nhm card ] ; lvovsky , 2003 , nota lepid . 25 ( 4 ) : 219
eutorna diluvialis meyrick , 1913 ; ann . transv . mus . 3 ( 4 ) : 316 ; tl : barberton
eutorna insidiosa meyrick , 1910 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 20 ( 1 ) : 150 ; tl : khasis
eutorna leptographa meyrick , 1906 ; trans . r . soc . s . aust . 30 : 41 ; tl : launceston ; campbelltown , tasmania
eutorna punctinigrella viette , 1955 ; ann . soc . ent . fr . 123 : 101 ; tl : ne . madagascar , maroantsetra , ambodivoangy
eutorna spintherias meyrick , 1906 ; trans . r . soc . s . aust . 30 : 44 ; tl : healesville and gisborne , victoria ; deloraine , tasmania
eutorna caryochroa meyrick , 1889 ; trans . n . z . inst . 21 : 158 ; tl : castle hill ( 2500ft ) , dunedin , lake wakatipu ; incercargill
eutorna symmorpha meyrick , 1889 ; trans . n . z . inst . 21 : 158 ; tl : whangarei , hamilton , palmerston , napier , christchurch , dunedin , invercargil
eutorna epicnephes meyrick , 1906 ; trans . r . soc . s . aust . 30 : 46 ; tl : brisbane , queensland ; sydney , new south wales ; warragul , victoria
eutorna diaula meyrick , 1906 ; trans . r . soc . s . aust . 30 : 45 ; tl : casterton , victoria ; launceston , campbelltown , george ' s bay , tasmania
eutorna plumbeola turner , 1947 ; proc . linn . soc . n . s . w . 72 ( 3 - 4 ) : 147 ; tl : w . australia , albany ; denmark
eutorna eurygramma meyrick , 1906 ; trans . r . soc . s . aust . 30 : 43 ; tl : mt kosciusco ( 6000ft ) , new south wales ; gisborne , victoria ; tasmania
eutorna intonsa meyrick , 1906 ; trans . r . soc . s . aust . 30 : 42 ; tl : sydney and bulli , new south wales ; melbourne , gisborne , healesville and sale , victoria ; campbelltown , tasmania
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urltoken
[ read before the nelson philosophical society , 6th october , 1926 ; received by editor , 7th october , 1926 ; issued separately 4th august , 1927 . ]
icheneutica marmorata ( huds . ) , ent . mo . mag . , vol . 60 , p . 7 ; i . dives philp . , trans . n . z . inst . , vol . 55 , p . 207 .
the above synonymical correction is necessary . this handsome species was found to be not uncommon at arthur ' s pass in february .
♂ . 38 mm . head greyish - brown . palpi greyish - brown , terminal segment and apex of second segment mixed with ochreous . antennae minutely ciliated ; ferruginous , basal third ochreous - grey . thorax with slight anterior crest , greyish - brown . abdomen grey mixed with fuscous , anterior segments prominently crested , each crest with apical blackish bar . legs ochreous , middle and anterior pair mixed with brown , anterior tarsi more or less infuscated . forewings moderate , costa almost straight , apex rectangular , termen rounded , rather oblique , crenulate ; chestnut - brown ; costa narrowly , and termen more widely , greenish - olive ; an indistinct , paired angled fuscous fascia near base ; a pair of blackish dots on costa at ⅓ and three others before and above reniform ; costa between these dots greyish - ochreous ; orbicular ovate , dark fuscous ringed with ochreous - white ; reniform narrow , inner basal angle somewhat produced , blackish , margined with ochreous - white ; claviform obscure , fuscous , margined anteriorly with ochreous - white ; second line indicated by dull serrate paired fasciae , excurved to middle , thence incurved to dorsum ; subterminal line prominent , margining olive terminal band , ochreouswhite ; an indistinct waved blackish terminal line ; fringes brown with pale basal and dark median crenulate lines . hindwings dark fuscous ; fringes ochreous - whitish with broad fuscous basal line .
there is a slight resemblance to some forms of m . tartarea butl , but the minute ciliations of the antennae at once distinguish it .
leslie valley , in november . a single male ( holotype ) in coll . cawthron institute .
♀ . 41 mm . head and palpi ochreous - white . antennae brown , basally ochreous - white . thorax with bifid anterior crest , ochreouswhite mixed with pale olive . abdomen ochreous - white , dorsally fuscous . legs whitish - ochreous , tarsi annulated with reddish - brown , terminal segments of anterior tarsi wholly brown . forewings elongate , costa almost straight , apex rectangular , termen rounded , oblique , crenulate ; ochreous - white ; numerous obscure dentate pale brownish - olive transverse fasciae and a few scattered black scales ; reniform indicated by blackish dots ; subterminal line indicated near
tornus and above middle by blackish margining ; fringes brownisholive and fine waved median whitish line . hindwing fuscous , pinkish - fuscous round termen ; fringes pinkish - brown , round dorsum wholly whitish .
mount arthur tableland at about 4 , 000 feet , in november . the single specimen ( holotype ) is in the coll . cawthron institute .
♀ . 44 mm . head , palpi and thorax pinkish - brown mixed with grey . antennae brown , greyish basally . abdomen pinkish - grey . legs greyish - brown , tarsi annulated with whitish . forewings broad , dilated posteriorly , costa almost straight , apex obtuse , termen straight on upper half , rounded beneath ; pinkish - grey ; a short median longitudinal black fascia from base , apically dilated ; first line indistinct , greyish , from ⅓ costa to before ½ dorsum , dark - margined posteriorly ; orbicular large , greyish , margined with black ; claviform touching first line , obscure , dark - margined above ; reniform large , normal in shape , black - margined ; an obscure dark shade inwardly oblique from bottom of reniform to dorsum ; second line curved , waved , greyish , anteriorly dark - margined ; subterminal well - defined , greyish , indented beneath costa , anteriorly dark - margined , margining dilated above tornus ; a terminal series of black dots ; fringes pinkish - grey with a faint median pale line . hindwings greyish - fuscous ; a thin black terminal line ; fringes pale pinkish - grey .
approaching m . olivea watt , but much broader - winged and with a differently formed basal fascia .
arthur ' s pass , in february . taken at light . the only specimen obtained ( holotype ) is in the coll . cawthron institute .
three specimens of this tasmanian insect were sent to me by mr . d . d . milligan , of leigh , north auckland , who took the insect in that locality in january . it is the species formerly recorded from thames as c . impropria walk . by mr . meyrick ( trans . n . z . inst . , 49 , 246 ) , but dr . jefferis turner assures me that the new zealand insect is c . lignicolaria , and having had an opportunity of examining examples of c . impropria , i have no hestitation in accepting his identification .
several of this rather rare species were taken at nelson by mr . w . heighway during the past season . among these were three females , and i have selected one for the allotype and placed it in the coll . cawthron institute .
in august , 1925 , mr . gilbert archey , director of the auckland museum , sent me a lepidopterous larval case , which had been found on some imported australian timber . it contained a living larva and , thinking it to be a species of entometa , i supplied it with eucalyptus leaves . it did not , however , eat anything and soon fastened the case to the surface of a leaf and remained there . some time in the late summer the moth emerged , but owing to my absence on field work , i did not know of this till the middle of april . a full description of c . tenuis is to be found in meyrick and lower ' s “revision of the australian psychidae” ( trans . roy . soc . s . aus . , vol . 31 , p . 197 ) . the expanse of wing is about 22 mm . the head , thorax and abdomen are black , the face and tegulae white , and there are two white stripes on the thorax . the wings are light fuscous minutely irrorated with black . the larval case is an interesting object . it is rather more than an inch long and covered with straight twigs of about the thickness of a knitting needle , regularly laid and securely fastened to the underlying silk . between most of these larger twigs are very much thinner ones , the whole resmbling a fagot in miniature . the specimens have been returned to the auckland museum .
♂ . 20 mm . head and palpi ochreous . antennae brown . thorax brown mixed with white . abdomen whitish - ochreous . legs white , anterior pair fuscous . forewings , costa moderately arched , apex blunt - pointed , termen rounded , oblique ; brassy brown to chocolate brown ; markings white ; a basal patch on costa half enclosing a brown area ; a broad irregular band at ¼ , not reaching dorsum , outwardly strongly dentate ; on fold before this a large spot of mingled blackish and white scales ; an elongate black mark about middle of wing at ⅓ ; a crescentic white area sprinkled with brown on costal half from about ⅓ to ⅘ , enclosing an elongate spot of blackish - brown on costal margin ; beneath this costal spot a prominent ring of brown enclosing a white area with a central brown dot ; second line pure white , dentate , preceded on costa by a small blackish - brown dot and followed by a much larger one ; a white area beneath the latter reaching apex ; fringes fuscous , irregularly barred with white . hindwings and fringes pale ochreous - grey .
somewhat like c . vulgaris butl . but the circular distal spot and the broad first line at once distinguish it .
golden downs , in january . the single male ( holotype ) is in the coll . cawthron institute .
♂ ♀ . 19–22 mm . head and palpi brown mixed with white . antennae brown , in male minutely ciliated . thorax purplish - brown . abdomen ochreous - grey . legs ochreous - white , spurs brown . forewings moderate , costa almost straight , apex rectangular , termen hardly rounded , oblique ; dull purplish - brown ; markings usually
absent , except reniform which is blackish , and obscurely x - shaped , the lower half being filled with white ; in some specimens the veins are faintly outlined in black and there is an obscure subterminal line ; fringes greyish - brown with a darker basal line . hindwings fuscous - grey ; fringes greyish - white with brownish basal line .
nelson , in april and november ; tisbury , southland , in november ; and freestone hill , manapouri , in february .
holotype ( ♀ ) in coll . cawthron institute , allotype ( ♂ ) in coll . a . philpott and paratypes in colls . e . meyrick , a . philpott and cawthron institute .
♂ ♀ . 25–27 mm . head white mixed with fuscous . palpi dark brown , white within . antennae brown , in male minutely ciliated . thorax grey , tegulae with broad longitudinal stripe of blackish - brown . abdomen greyish - ochreous , apically somewhat fuscous . legs white irroratèd with fuscous , anterior tarsi purplish - fuscous annulated with white . forewings moderate , costa moderately arched , apex rectangular , termen hardly rounded , slightly oblique ; grey mixed with white ; markings dark chocolate brown ; a median streak from base of about ⅓ , more or less interrupted with white apically ; a streak above this , rising at ¼ and ending at ⅗ , its upper margin irregularly indented ; some ochreous suffusion round apex of this streak ; veins finely lined with chocolate brown ; fringes grey with median and subapical lines . hindwings ochreous - grey , round apex and termen fuscous - tinged : fringes ochreous - grey with fuscous basal line .
near s . falsa philp . but that species is without the basal streak and the dark lining of the veins .
nelson , in april and may . holotype ( ♂ ) , allotype ( ♀ ) and one paratype in coll . cawthron institute .
mr . a . tonnoir has submitted to me the previously unknown male of this species . it was taken at deans ' bush , christchurch , in march . i have made the specimen the allotype and returned it to the coll . canterbury museum .
♂ . 14 mm . head , palpi and thorax ferruginous . antennae ringed alternately with ochreous - grey and black , ciliations in male 1 ½ . abdomen dark greyish - fuscous . legs greyish - ochreous , anterior pair fuscous , all tarsi annulated with ochreous . forewings , costa straight , apex almost rectangular , termen slightly rounded , little oblique ; white ; markings ferruginous mixed with ochreous and black ; a small basal patch , including costal fold , margin outwardly oblique ; a prominent fairly broad straight fascia from apex of costal fold to before ½ of dorsum , outer margin extended in disc by ochreous patch ; an outwardly oblique broad fascia from middle of costa , greatly constricted ( almost interrupted ) at middle , thence much
dilated and recurved to apex ; several spots on costa between ½ and apex , and some irregular markings between fasciae on dorsum , where the ground - colour is leaden grey ; fringes ferruginous , tipped with yellowish - ochreous . hindwings dark fuscous ; fringes fuscous with darker basal line , round tips ochreous .
arthur ' s pass , in february . the single male ( holotype ) was taken by mr . s . lindsay in whose collection it remains .
♂ ♀ . 14–20 mm . head , palpi and thorax grey . antennae grey annulated with fuscous , ciliations in male 1 . abdomen greyish - white . legs greyish - white , anterior pair fuscous . forewings , costa well arched , apex round - pointed , termen oblique , white , irrorated with lighter and darker bronzy - fuscous ; markings dark bronzy - fuscous ; three or four interrupted curved fasciae between base and ¼ ; a rather broad outwardly oblique fascia from before ½ to middle of wing , dilated in disc ; three or four interrupted fasciae between this and apex ; fringes greyish - white . hindwings fuscous - grey ; fringes fuscous - grey with pale basal line .
not closely resembling any other new zealand tortrix . it is easily recognised by its spotted appearance .
aorere river and quartz ranges , in february . fairly common on the “pakihi” lands . holotype ( male ) , allotype ( female ) , and a series of paratypes in coll . cawthron institute .
♂ . 15 mm . head , palpi and thorax purplish - brown . antennae light purplish - brown , longest ciliations in male 4 . abdomen ( missing ) . legs fuscous , tarsi obscurely ringed with whitish . forewings . parallel - sided , costa hardly arched , subsinuate , apex broadly rounded , termen oblique ; purplish - brown with a sprinkling of whitish scales , especially on posterior half ; fringes fuscous . hindwings and and fringes fuscous .
not likely to be confused with the other two species of the genus . glentui , in february . a single male ( holotype ) in coll . s . lindsay .
♂ . 11 . 5 mm . head ochreous - white with median brown stripe . palpi white . antennae greyish - fuscous . thorax white , tegulae and median stripe fuscous . abdomen white mixed with fuscous . legs ochreous - white mixed with fuscous . forewings , costa almost straight , apex acute , termen extremely oblique ; white ; base of costa to ⅙ narrowly fuscous ; a whitish - ochreous stripe along costa , broadest on basal ½ ; an ochreous stripe along fold to ⅖ ; an ochreous - fuscous stripe above fold , commencing about ⅓ and running to apex , where it becomes slightly dilated and blackish ; a fuscous stripe along dorsum to tornus , thence continuing , but much paler , half way to apex ; fringes pale ochreous - fuscous with black basal line round apex . hindwings dark fuscous ; fringes pale ochreous - fuscous .
near e . thallophora meyr . , but with a different arrangement of the stripes .
arthur ' s pass , in february . two males taken by mr . s . lindsay . and the writer . holotype ( male ) in coll . s . lindsay and a paratype in coll . cawthron institute .
♂ . 20–22 mm . head and thorax light orange - yellow . palpi light orange - yellow , second segment , except near apex , fuscous outwardly . antennae ringed alternately with ochreous - grey and fuscous , ciliations in male ¾ . abdomen fuscous - grey , anal tuft ochreous . legs whitish - ochreous , anterior pair infuscated . forewings moderate , broad , costa moderately arched , apex bluntly pointed , termen rounded , oblique ; light orange - yellow ; costal margin purplish - fuscous from base to about ¼ ; a purplish - fuscous spot on fold before middle , sometimes absent or represented only by one or two scales ; a similar spot in disc at ⅔ ; fringes concolorous with wing . hindwings light fuscous - grey ; fringes light fuscous - grey , with obscure darker basal line .
the largest of the yellow group . the clear ground - colour and broader wings , apart from the male genitalic characters , distinguishes it from b . apertella walk .
dun mountain , nelson , from 2 , 000 feet to 3 , 000 feet , in november , december and january . holotype ( male ) and several paratypes in coll . cawthron institute .
n . sp . ( a ) lateral view of male genitalia . ( b ) inner view of harpe . ( c ) apex of harpe from beneath .
♂ . 19–20 mm . head , palpi and thorax bright yellow , second segment of palpi , except near apex , fuscous . antennae ringed alternately with ochreous and fuscous . abdomen greyish - fuscous . legs whitish - ochreous , anterior pair infuscated . forewings , costa well arched , apex bluntly pointed , termen rounded , oblique ; bright yellow ; costal margin fuscous from base to about ¼ ; fringes bright yellow . hindwings pale greyish - fuscous ; fringes greyish - fuscous with darker basal line .
hard to distinguish from the unmarked forms of the preceding species , but the small differences in the genitalic characters seem to be quite constant while the costa is more arched and the ground colour rather paler .
cobb valley and localities in the vicinity of nelson city in november and december . holotype ( male ) and several paratypes in coll . cawthron institute . i cannot at present with certainty assign the females to either of the species just described .
♂ . 15–19 mm . head , palpi and thorax black sprinkled with white antennae black with short grey pubescence . abdomen black , segmental divisions yellowish - white . legs black , tibiae and tarsi banded with white . forewings oblong , costa arched at base , thence straight , apex rounded , termen hardly oblique ; black tinged with brown and densely irrorated with bluish - white ( owing to the tips of many scales being so coloured ) ; markings formed by the elimination of the irroration ; an indistinct dentate basal fascia enclosing two tufts of raised scales , one above and the other below fold , both of which contain a few yellow scales ; a fairly straight fascia from ⅓ costa to ½ dorsum enclosing similar tufts of raised black and yellow scales ; an irregular fascia , containing a few yellow scales , from ⅔ costa to tornus ; fringes blackish - fuscous , basal ½ mixed with bluish - white . hindwings yellow ; termen and dorsum broadly dark fuscous ; fringes dark fuscous .
mount arthur tableland , at 4 , 500 feet , in november . three males taken by the writer and mr . w . heighway . holotype ( male ) and two paratypes in coll . cawthron institute .
♀ . 20 mm . head black sprinkled with white . thorax black mixed with white , scutellum white , tegulae mixed with ochreous and brown . palpi black , a broad median band and apex of second segment white , also white median band on terminal segment . antennae black sprinkled with white basally . abdomen black , segmental divisions white . legs black , tibiae and tarsi banded with white . forewings oblong , costa slightly arched , apex broadly rounded , termen rounded , little oblique ; leaden grey with some ochreous and brown admixture ; markings black mixed with brown ; an indistinct dentate basal fascia enclosing two tufts of raised scales , one above and one below fold ; a nearly straight fascia from costa at ⅓ to above dorsum at ½ , also enclosing raised scale tufts ; an irregular fascia from costa at ⅔ to above tornus , much constricted at , middle and with an indentation beneath filled with leaden grey ; a terminal series of obscure dots ; fringes concolorous with wing . hindwings bronzyfuscous ; fringes fuscous with obscure basal and median pale lines .
it is possible that this may be the female of the preceding species , but having regard to the considerable differences between the two and to the widely separated localities i do not think it very probable .
arthur ' s pass , in february . the single specimen was taken near the glacier from which the otira river has its source . holotype ( female ) in col . cawthron institute .
♂ . 19–22 mm . head white . palpi white , basal and subapical bands of second segment and median and apical bands of terminal segment dark fuscous . antennae brown with grey pubescence . thorax white with some admixture of pale fuscous . abdomen ochreous - whitish . legs fuscous sprinkled with ochreous - whitish , posterior tibiae whitish - ochreous . forewings not posteriorly dilated , costa slightly arched , apex rounded , termen rounded , oblique ; white , sparsely sprinkled with pale ochreous ; markings blackish - fuscous ; a spot on base of costa ; an elongate spot on costa at ⅓ ; a more or less triangular spot beyond ½ ; a suffused terminal shade ; two elongate spots in disc and sometimes a third below first on fold ; fringes grey . hindwings and fringes pale fuscous - grey .
leigh , north auckland , in january . five males sent by mr . d . d . milligan . holotype ( male ) and two paratypes in coll . cawthron institute .
♂ . 23–24 mm . head and thorax dull brown mixed with grey . palpi with terminal segment much shorter than second , ochreouswhitish mixed with brown externally . antennae annulated alternately with ochreous - whitish and dark fuscous , ciliations in male 5 . abdomen dull brassy - yellow , segmental divisions whitish and some fuscous on basal segments . legs ochreous - whitish , more or less infuscated . forewings , costa moderately arched , apex rounded , termen oblique ; dull brown ; sometimes a broad stripe of ochreouswhite along dorsum , tapering to tornus and triangularly indented above near base , also a suffused stripe of the same colour beneath costa to about ¾ ; fringes whitish - ochreous with three or four lines of brown points . hindwings and fringes ochreous - whitish sprinkled with brown .
the male genitalia show this species to be most nearly related to a . isogama meyr .
two males received from the late mr . j . h . lewis ; locality of capture probably central otago . holotype ( male ) and a paratype in coll . a . philpott .
n . sp . ( a ) lateral view of male genitalia . ( b ) inner view of harpe . ( c ) obliquely dorsal view of uncus and gnathos .
barea exartha ( meyr . ) , proc . linn . soc . n . s . w . , vol . 8 ( 1st ser . ) , p . 357 ; izatha planetella huds . , ent . mo . mag . , vol . 59 , p . 218 .
a specimen of this australian species was reared by mr . a . tonnoir , of the canterbury museum , from a larva found feeding on the decayed portion of an imported hardwood pole . the moth , a female , emerged in november . it appears probable that this species has established itself in the canterbury district , as mr . s . lindsay has sent me a male taken by him at dean ' s bush , christchurch , in february of this year . the type of planetella was thought to be from ohakune , in the centre of the north island , in no way an improbable locality in view of the larval habits .
♂ ♀ . 12–14 mm . head ochreous - whitish . palpi ochreouswhitish , apex of terminal segment brown . antennae fuscous , annulated with ochreous , basally ochreous . thorax pale ochreous . abdomen ochreous - whitish . legs ochreous - whitish , anterior pair infuscated . forewings with the branches of the first cubitus shortstalked , costa moderately arched , apex pointed , termen oblique ; ochreous mixed with white ; a blackish–fuscous spot , usually elongate , at about ⅓ ; a black dot in disc at ⅔ ; fringes ochreous . hindwings greyish - fuscous ; fringes ochreous .
easily distinguished from e . symmorpha meyr . , apart from the venational difference , by the comparative lack of markings . it has not been considered advisable to base a new genus on the venational detail noted , the other characters being normal .
seaward moss ( invercargill ) , in january ( philpott ) . bottle lake and waikuku ( canterbury ) , in november and march ( heighway and lindsay ) . holotype ( male ) and allotype ( female ) in coll . a . philpott . two paratypes in coll . cawthron institute .
♂ ♀ . 11–15 mm . head and thorax ochreous - white . palpi with small triangular tuft beneath , ochreous - white , indistinctly barred with pale fuscous . antennae brown . abdomen pale brassy , in male dorsally dark fuscous . legs whitish , anterior pair fuscous and posterior pair annulated with dull fuscous . forewings narrow , costa moderately arched , apex , in male rounded , in female acute , termen strongly oblique ; in male ochreous - white , paler along costa , in female white ; an interrupted blackish - fuscous streak from about ¼ to apex , frequently represented only by a few dots , in female more constantly present ; a black spot or spots above tornus ; in female three or four interrupted blackish - fuscous transverse fasciae on apical ¼ ; fringes whitish - ochreous with prominent blackish median line and blackish tips round apex . hindwings shining grey - whitish ; fringes pale ochreous .
g . necopina belongs to the ataracta group , but differs from its allies , in addition to the markings , by the smaller palpal tuft .
golden downs and gordon ' s nob , in january . common among the rough herbage on marshy ground in the valley , and on the dry scanty vegetation of the mountain at 3 , 000 feet .
♂ ♀ . 14–15 . head and thorax dark ochreous - brown , with a purplish - violet sheen , face white . palpi ochreous - brown . antennae ochreous closely annulated with brownish . abdomen ( missing ) . forewings brassy - yellow , densely covered with purplish - violet strigulae which show a tendency to form spots at ⅕ , ⅖ , and ½ ; fringes greyish - fuscous , concolorous with wing round apex . hindwings leaden - grey ; fringes brownish - fuscous .
somewhat resembling g . linearis butl . but without the triangular pale costal area of that species .
west plains , near invercargill , date uncertain . holotype ( male ) and allotype ( female ) in coll . a . philpott .
♀ . 17 mm . head white . papi white , outwardly mixed with fuscous . antennae white , annulated with blackish fuscous . thorax white , tegulae mixed with pale fuscous . abdomen greyish - white . legs , anterior and middle pair fuscous , posterior pair white . forewings , costa moderately arched , apex round - pointed , termen rounded , oblique ; white with scattered strigulations of leaden - fuscous ; markings purplish - fuscous ; some irregular spots round base of tornus ; a large blotch at ⅓ covering middle third of wing , preceded and touched by a round spot on fold ; an oblique inwardly directed mark in disc at middle ; an obscure irregular spot at ⅘ ; fringes white mixed with fuscous , obscurely barred round apex . hindwings and fringes shining white .
arthur ' s pass , in february . a single male ( holotype ) in coll . cawthron institute .
♂ . 5–6 mm head white , sometimes ochreous tinged . antennae fuscous , eye - cap whitish . thorax ochreous . abdomen dark fuscous . forewings white with much admixture of ochreous , especially on basal portion and in disc ; a black spot on fold at ¼ , sometimes absent ; a prominent black spot in disc at ½ , . usually elongate ; a black spot , large or small , before apex ; fringes fuscous - grey with several rows of ochreous points round apex and termen . hindwings and fringes fuscous - grey .
mount arthur tableland , at 4 , 000 feet , in november . three males taken . holotype ( male ) and paratypes in coll . cawthron institute .
♂ . 14–15 mm . head and thorax ochreous - brown . antennae ochreous , ciliations in male 3 . abdomen fuscous - brown . legs
fuscous mixed with ochreous , posterior pair more ochreous , all tarsi annulated with ochreous . forewings elongate - triangular , costa moderately arched , apex round - pointed , termen strongly oblique ; ochreous , covered with brown strigulae and with strong purplishviolet iridescence ; the strigulae tend to form spots on apical half of costa and round termen ; an indistinct brown spot on dorsum at ½ ; fringes fuscous mixed with ochreous . hindwings and fringes greyish - fuscous with purplish - violet sheen .
dun mountain , in december . two males taken at 3 , 500 feet . holotype ( male ) and a paratype in coll . cawthron institute .
♂ . 16 mm . head , thorax and abdomen blackish - fuscous . antennae blackish - fuscous , ciliations in male 2 ½ . forewings , costa moderately arched , subsinuate , apex rounded , termen oblique ; dark brownish - fuscous obscurely strigulated with ochreous ; an undefined patch of paler ochreous on dorsum near base ; a large spot of whitish - ochreous on dorsum beyond middle ; fringes dark purplish - fuscous . hindwings and fringes dark fuscous with purplish sheen .
close to m . strigulata philp . and m . fenwicki philp . , but without the dark dorsal blotch of the former , and a larger and darker species than the latter .
lake moana , in december . a single male taken by mr . a . tonnoir . holotype ( male ) in coll . canterbury museum .
♀ . 13 . 5 mm . head covered with dense long hair reaching beyond ½ of antennae , light tawny . antennae bright brown , tips black . thorax tawny , densely long - haired . abdomen dark fuscous . legs ochreous , tarsi banded with fuscous . forewings long , costa strongly arched at base , apex round - pointed , termen very oblique ; shining brassy ; fasciae ivory - yellow with pink reflections ; three equidistant complete curved fasciae between base and ½ ; at ¾ a fascia interrupted below middle ; between ½ and ¾ a fascia indicated by marks on costa and dorsum ; two fasciae near apex , broadly interrupted at middle ; all fasciae are here and there margined with blackish ; an obscure reddish shade commences in disc at third fascia and runs to apex ; fringes pinkish - brown obscurely barred with pale yellow . hindwings metallic violet , paler near base ; fringes fuscous with some yellow at middle of termen .
structurally nearest to s . lucilia clarke and s . calliarcha meyr . , r1 of the hindwing being complete .
leslie valley , mount arthur tableland , in november . two females taken by mr . w . heighway . holotype ( female ) and slides of wings and female genitalia in coll . cawthron institute .
australia ( tasmania , new south wales , victoria ) . see [ maps ]
polismatica meyrick , 1931 ² ; exotic microlep . 4 ( 6 ) : 191
heterozancla rubida turner , 1919 ; proc . r . soc . qd 31 ( 10 ) : 134 ; tl : victoria , lorne
[ afromoths ] de prins , j . & de prins , w . , 2013
sangmi lee , richard brown & sibyl bucheli . gelechioidea - a global framework ;
[ ² ] this may require parentheses or not . i don ' t have the necessary information for this taxon .
check - list of the broad - winged moths ( oecophoridae s . l . ) of russia and adjacent countries
viette , 1955 nouveaux tineoidae ( s . l . ) de madagascar [ lep . ] ann . soc . ent . fr . 123 : 75 - 113
if you have corrections , comments or information to add into these pages , just send mail to markku savela keep in mind that the taxonomic information is copied from various sources , and may include many inaccuracies . expert help is welcome .
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turner , a . j . 1939 ,
a second revision of the lepidoptera of tasmania
, papers and proceedings of the royal society of tasmania , vol . 1938 , pp . 57 - 115
turner , a . j . 1919 ,
the australian gelechianae ( lepidoptera )
, proceedings of the royal society of queensland , vol . 31 , pp . 108 - 172
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : 6f60e1ed - 18b7 - 462e - be9f - afbb137629e2
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : 9ae18e2a - fa5a - 4ed8 - a44c - 6a41a3ad139b
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . name : 245947
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the red-faced crimsonwing ( cryptospiza reichenovii ) is a common species of estrildid finch found in africa .

it has an estimated global extent of occurrence of 390,000 km ² .

it is found in angola , burundi , cameroon , the democratic republic of the congo , malawi , mozambique , niger , nigeria , rwanda , tanzania , uganda , zambia and zimbabwe .

red - faced crimsonwing

nobody uploaded sound recordings for red - faced crimsonwing ( cryptospiza reichenovii ) yet .
the red - faced crimsonwing ( cryptospiza reichenovii ) is a common species of estrildid finch found in africa . photo warwick tarboton | aviary | pinterest | red f…
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red - faced crimsonwing
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leopard rock hotel is an excellent hotel with a very pretty golf course which is also a spectacular place to see the silvery - cheeked hornbills when the fig trees are fruiting . on the golf course you may be lucky to see the red - faced crimsonwing , which also occurs at seldomseen .
male : red face patch and red on lower flanks . female : yellowish - buff face patch ; dark olive - green feather bases to mantle and back show through .
payne , r . ( 2018 ) . red - faced crimsonwing ( cryptospiza reichenovii ) . in : del hoyo , j . , elliott , a . , sargatal , j . , christie , d . a . & de juana , e . ( eds . ) . handbook of the birds of the world alive . lynx edicions , barcelona . ( retrieved from urltoken on 9 july 2018 ) .
) , is unrelated to it . their similarities ( bill , red brow , etc . ) are due to
thank you for taking the time to provide feedback on the iucn red list of threatened species website , we are grateful for your input .
) . male nominate race has red mask on lores and around eye , rest of head and underside olive , flanks deep crimson ; upperparts . . .
the australian red - browed firetail ( neochmia temporalis ) , very similar to african common waxbill ( estrilda astrild ) , is unrelated to it . their similarities ( bill , red brow , etc . ) are due to convergent evolution , since their environmental pressures ( weather , habitat , feeding ) are similar .
chirinda forest – a primeval forest with the tallest tree in the country . this famous tree is a red mahogany which was still a sapling when christ was born .
recommended citation birdlife international ( 2018 ) species factsheet : cryptospiza reichenovii . downloaded from urltoken on 09 / 07 / 2018 . recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species : birdlife international ( 2018 ) iucn red list for birds . downloaded from urltoken on 09 / 07 / 2018 .
most are sensitive to cold and require warm , usually tropical , habitats , although a few , such as the eastern alpine mannikin , mountain firetail and red - browed finch , and the genus stagonopleura , have adapted to the cooler climates of southern australia and the highlands of new guinea .
most are sensitive to cold and require warm , usually tropical , habitats , although a few , such as the eastern alpine mannikin , mountain firetail and red - browed finch , and the genus stagonopleura , have adapted to the cooler climates of southern australia and the highlands of new guinea .
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departamento de inmunologia , facultad de medicina , universidad complutense de madrid , avenida complutense s / n , 28040 madrid , spain .
estrildid finches are distributed throughout africa , south asia , australia and neighbouring islands in the indian and pacific oceans . some specific phylogenetic and systematic debated questions have been clarified in the present study by mitochondrial cytochrome b dna sequencing of 61 species of estrildids and subsequent analyses of results by both bayesian inference and maximum likelihood methodologies . our results support that estrildids are a monophyletic group with polytomies that may have started evolving by middle miocene epoch ( about 16 , 5 million years ago ) . this proposed timing is coincidental with the fringillinae finches’ radiation starting time and also with the biggest hymalayan and tibetan plateau uplift , triggered by the indian tectonic plate strongest collision ; this established present day southern asia monsoon regime and other drastic climatic changes , like a dryer weather in tibetan plateau and china deserts . the estrildid finches form a monophyletic group which includes several polytomies and comprises african , asian and australian birds . the most ancient evolutive group comprises african ( african silverbill ) , asian ( indian silverbill ) and australian ( diamond firetail ) ; this suggests that the whole estrildids radiation might have originated around india . more estrildid species will be studied in order to further establish this group phylogeography . in addition , monophyletic radiations include species from different continents . finally , ploceinae genus quelea finches is a group separate and basal from estrildini and viduini species in our dendrograms .
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proposed race homogenes , described from e zimbabwe ( stapleford forest reserve , in umtali district ) , treated as a synonym of australis . three subspecies recognized .
( hartlaub , 1874 ) – se nigeria ( obudu plateau ) , w cameroon , bioko and nw angola ( gabela region ) .
sharpe , 1902 – mountains of albertine rift in e drcongo , uganda , rwanda and burundi .
shelley , 1896 – mountains in tanzania , extreme ne zambia , malawi , w mozambique and e zimbabwe .
call a high metallic
sit - sit
, often given in trills ; also louder
sweeee
or
tzeet
. song soft , . . .
thickets , dense undergrowth of primary and secondary forest , also exotic pine plantations with . . .
season oct–dec in cameroon , apr–jun and aug–oct in drcongo , nearly all year in tanzania , jun–sept in zambia , mar . . .
resident , seasonal altitudinal migrant and local wanderer . appears near sea - level in non - breeding . . .
not globally threatened . scarce or uncommon to locally abundant . fairly common in nw of range ( nigeria , cameroon ) ; uncommon in angola . common in most regions in e parts of . . .
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hbw alive contains information on descriptive notes , voice , habitat , food and feeding , breeding , movements , status and conservation plus a list of bibliographical references for this species account .
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john innes , tomasz doroń , paul van giersbergen , m p goodey , markus lilje , bernard . guevorts , johannes pfleiderer .
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del hoyo , j . , collar , n . j . , christie , d . a . , elliott , a . , fishpool , l . d . c . , boesman , p . and kirwan , g . m . 2016 . hbw and birdlife international illustrated checklist of the birds of the world . volume 2 : passerines . lynx edicions and birdlife international , barcelona , spain and cambridge , uk .
justification : this species has a very large range , and hence does not approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the range size criterion ( extent of occurrence < 20 , 000 km2 combined with a declining or fluctuating range size , habitat extent / quality , or population size and a small number of locations or severe fragmentation ) . the population trend appears to be stable , and hence the species does not approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the population trend criterion ( > 30 % decline over ten years or three generations ) . the population size has not been quantified , but it is not believed to approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the population size criterion ( < 10 , 000 mature individuals with a continuing decline estimated to be > 10 % in ten years or three generations , or with a specified population structure ) . for these reasons the species is evaluated as least concern .
the global population size has not been quantified , but the species is described as common or locally common ( clement 1999 ) . trend justification : the population is suspected to be stable in the absence of evidence for any declines or substantial threats .
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this species has a very large range , and hence does not approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the range size criterion ( extent of occurrence < 20 , 000 km2 combined with a declining or fluctuating range size , habitat extent / quality , or population size and a small number of locations or severe fragmentation ) . the population trend appears to be stable , and hence the species does not approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the population trend criterion ( > 30 % decline over ten years or three generations ) . the population size has not been quantified , but it is not believed to approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the population size criterion ( < 10 , 000 mature individuals with a continuing decline estimated to be > 10 % in ten years or three generations , or with a specified population structure ) . for these reasons the species is evaluated as least concern .
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howard and moore 4th edition ( incl . corrigenda vol . 1 - 2 ) :
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the song is sft ( inaudible beyond 3 - 4m ) and variable , consisting mostly of long drawn - out notes on a descending scale followed by a chirp .
generally silent , but has a sharp or high pitch ' chirp ' or ' tzeet ' and a loose collection of similar notes .
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origin : cameroon , fernando po ( bioko ) , angola , d . r . congo ( zaire ) , congo , uganda , tanzania , malawi
food : they seek edible seeds of various plants and grasses on the ground , or pick the seeds out of spikes . crimson - wings eat more insects than some other species , such as estrildids for example . insects are essential , particularly during the time they are rearing their young . crimson - wings probably have a high metabolic rate , as they eat more than other african estrilds
crimson - wings are mostly found in pairs . when in search of food they sometimes join up with others of their species , and with other estrildid finches . they are quiet timid birds that do not attract attention in any aviary . they prefer to stay in the shrubbery , swiftly and almost inaudibly hopping from branch to branch .
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they are gregarious and often colonial seed eaters with short , thick , but pointed bills . they are all similar in structure and habits , but vary widely in plumage colours and patterns .
white eggs . many species build roost nests . some of the fire - finches and pytilias are hosts to the
the phylogeography and possible origin of estrildid finches have been studied . the following scheme may be useful to represent a hypothetical origin in india in the last and stronger himalayas uplift ( 16 . 5 million years ago ) , when the monsoon rains regime was established in india ( see figure ) . the conclusions from this study
estrildids are a monophyletic group with polytomies that may have started evolving by middle miocene epoch ( about 16 . 5 million years ago )
this proposed timing is coincidental with the fringillinae finches’ radiation starting time and also with the biggest himalayan and tibetan plateau uplift , triggered by the indian tectonic plate strongest collision ; this established present day southern asia monsoon regime and other drastic climatic changes , like dryer weather in the tibetan plateau and chinese deserts .
the estrildid finches form a monophyletic group which includes several polytomies and comprises african , asian and australian birds .
the most ancient evolutive group comprises african ( african silverbill ) , asian ( indian silverbill ) and australian ( diamond firetail ) ; this suggests that the whole estrildids radiation might have originated around india .
the gouldian finch ( erythrura or chloebia gouldiae ) is definitely included within genus erythrura with the other species .
the java sparrow ( padda or lonchura oryzivora ) is a very modified species from genus lonchura : bigger than the rest of lonchura species , and a noticeable and quite different head pattern . it is endemic to java , bali , and the bawean islands , although escapes from captivity can be seen today in other neighboring islands .
african munias ( spermestes ) belong to a genus totally different from australian and asian munias .
, since their environmental pressures ( weather , habitat , feeding ) are similar .
arnaiz - villena , a ; ruiz - del - valle , v . ; gomez - prieto , p . ; reguera , r . ; parga - lozano , c ; serrano - vela , j . i . ( 2009 ) .
arnaiz - villena , a ; gómez - prieto p ; ruiz - de - valle v ( 2009 ) .
sibley cg , monroe bl ( 1990 ) . distribution and taxonomy of birds of the world . yale university press
arnaiz - villena , a ; gomez - prieto , p . ; serna - ayala ; ruiz - del - valle , v . ( 2009 ) .
origen de los estríldidos
.
this article is issued from wikipedia - version of the 8 / 1 / 2016 . the text is available under the creative commons attribution / share alike but additional terms may apply for the media files .
the estrildid finches are small passerine birds of the old world tropics and australasia . they can be classified as the family estrildidae ( waxbills , munias and allies ) , or as a subfamily within the family passeridae , which strictly defined comprises the old world sparrows .
all the estrildids build large , domed nests and lay five to ten white eggs . many species build roost nests . some of the fire - finches and pytilias are hosts to the brood - parasitic indigobirds and whydahs , respectively .
the smallest species of the family is the shelley ' s oliveback ( nesocharis shelleyi ) at a mere 8 . 3 centimetres ( 3 . 3 in ) , although the lightest species is the black - rumped waxbill ( estrilda troglodytes ) at 6 g ( 0 . 21 oz ) . the largest species is the java sparrow ( padda oryzivora ) , at 17 cm ( 6 . 7 in ) and 25 g ( 0 . 88 oz ) .
the phylogeography and possible origin of estrildid finches have been studied . the following scheme may be useful to represent a hypothetical origin in india in the last and stronger himalayas uplift ( 16 . 5 million years ago ) , when the monsoon rains regime was established in india ( see figure ) . the conclusions from this study are :
african munias ( spermestes ) belong to a genus totally different from australian and asian munias .
the eastern highlands is a collective name given to the 300km area of rugged mountains forming a natural border between countrieszimbabwe and mozambique . there are three main mountain ranges – the chimanimani in the south , bvumba near mutare and the nyanga national park in the north . mt binga is the highest peak of the chimanimani mountains at 2 , 437 metres but the country’s highest peak is mt nyangani ( 2 , 593m ) .
it is possible to visit the area year round with a climate which is warm to hot in summer and cool and dry in winter . the area is inspiring with breathtaking views , deep gorges and beautiful waterfalls , including the famous bridal veil falls .
nyanga national park is not a game park but there are waterbuck , steenbok , leopard , kudu , wildebeest and the area is rich in birdlife . the whole area is sparsely populated although there are ancient ruins throughout the whole of the nyanga area , indicating habitation for many years . there are essentially three main types of ruins to explore and ponder ; namely pits , forts and terraces . there are also some caves with rock paintings and ancient gold workings .
other sights include the nyazengu nature reserve , pungwe gorge and the honde valley , although much of this area is now neglected as the tea , coffee and fruit estates are no longer farmed in any meaningful way . there is also the mutarazi national park where africa’s second highest waterfall is situated , mutarazi falls .
many of the dams and lakes in the nyanga area are famous for their good trout and bass fishing ; it is also an excellent area for golf , horse riding and mountain hikes as well as birding , rock climbing and abseiling .
the border town of mutare is the backbone for the area and is the prettiest town site in the country – perched amongst the hills and mountains . it has an excellent climate and was a major source of supplies for the whole area , including mozambique , until recently .
twenty to twenty - five kilometres to the south east of mutare lies the start of the bvumba mountains which hosts a wealth of plants , birds and butterflies . although somewhat neglected at the present time , the botanical gardens in bvumba provide an enchanting walk with its wooden bridges , aloes , streams and lakes . there are many fantastic views and plants gathered from all over the world including a range of orchids , tree ferns , fuchsias , hydrangeas , azaleas and lily ponds . the annual rainfall in this area is higher than london !
beyond the gardens there are spectacular views into mozambique and the surrounding countryside with a range of vegetation including montane forests . the bunga forest in the bunga botanical reserve is just one excellent example . the best way to see this area is to drive along the burma valley road which is a circuitous route . there is always exquisite bird song in the forests and any visit should be ended with a visit to “tony’s coffee shop” for outstanding cakes and tea , s including an assortment of alcoholic versions ! the coffee shop is situated on the grounds of genaina guest house ( tel : + 263 20 68177 ) .
the bvumba is a hot spot for birding enthusiasts and there are a number of specials including the swynnerton’s robin , which lives and breeds in small patches of forest . this bird likes to live around dragon plants dracaena fragrans , particularly in summer when the birds are nesting . the best place to stay in the bvumba if you’re a birder , is at seldomseen cottages , a bird watchers paradise . the property has self - catered chalets at a very reasonable price and has two extremely knowledgeable guides ; it also has several dragon plants ! the gardens around the chalets host several other endemic species including robert’s warbler . a protea stand on the property draws the bronzy sunbird and if you’re lucky gurney’s sugarbird , when the proteas are in flower .
other options for birding in this area include the cecil kop nature reserve , north of mutare which offers good miombo birding and the burma valley to the south which is good for spotting the twinspot indigobird . mount gorongosa in mozambique , is home to the much sought after green - headed oriole and can be included in a trip to the bvumba .
if you want an old fashioned treat , the white horse inn is a very popular favorite with anyone who has stayed in the bvumba in the last 20 odd years . of particular note is the excellent and well cooked menu including specialities like fresh quail and lobster tails .
this is a grandiose range of volcanic peaks reaching over 2 , 400 meters and stretching for 50km . there is a gentler section between chimanimani village and the border with mozambique , but it will still stretch the average hiker .
the slopes are scattered with flowers and little rivulets pop up everywhere . protea bushes are found on the higher slopes along with everlasting flowers and thick growths of giant erica with its memorable ` pencil wood ` smell . spring is in august / september and the msasa trees come into full autumnal colours , providing a great contrast to the fresh spring greens of the other plants .
this is not an area with rich numbers of mammals , but there are still sable and eland and the odd elephant in the low , thicker forests . leopard , baboon and porcupine are sometimes seen . many of the birds in this area are rare and found only in the mountains and woods .
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