a leopon / ˈlɛpən / is a hybrid resulting from the crossing of a male leopard with a lioness .

the head of the animal is similar to that of a lion while the rest of the body carries similarities to leopards .

these hybrids are produced in captivity and are unlikely to occur in the wild .

leopon

no , flint , other mutations are not inheritable . however , if a lion has a leopon parent , that leopon parent has the chance to pass the
leopon gene
down and make the cub a leopon as well .
of course ! a 2g leopon could get the leopon base and mark but also inherit some of the other markings of the father .
since the male leopon is fertile and all female hybrid big cats are fertile , have scientist or zoos tried to steadily breed leopons and leopon . . .
this offspring is not a leopon . her sister has not inherited the leopon gene and is a regular lioness as a result . despite lacking the leopon gene , she has inherited the leopon only base , kimanjano , and the leopon only marking , mottled rosette , from her mother . she is capable of passing these down to any cubs she may have ( see below for breeding details ) .
none of the members of leopon team are ever depicted wearing the school uniform .
leopon = leopard + lion the leopon is the result of breeding a male leopard with a female lion . the head of the animal is similar … | pinteres…
this offspring is a leopon . this cub has gained the
leopon gene
as can be seen by the unique lines . her mutation will simply be listed as leopon without a generation . she has inherited her father ' s breed only attributes , but is also a leopon due to her mother . as a result of this , she has the possibility of passing on the leopon gene to her own cubs .
the names of leopon team ' s members are derived from famous japanese racing drivers .
leopon team ' s tiger ( p ) with it ' s first paint scheme .
leopon team ' s tiger ( p ) with it ' s second paint scheme .
leopon team takes care of the majority of post - match damage repair for ooarai ' s tanks .
leopon team are the only ooarai team that were not depicted as having trouble in initially learning to drive their tank .
interestingly enough , all first generation leopons are born with two very special , leopon - only , traits : kimanjano base and the mottled rosette marking . these traits are very hard to breed onto a regular lion , but can pass to other leopons with ease . a female leopon can give birth to leopon cubs naturally , however the males are completely infertile .
october 9th , 1967 : if all goes well , japanese zoo experts hope to have by next april the world’s first tippon , a cross between a male tiger and a female leopon . the first leopon , offspring of a leopard and lion was successfully bred eight years ago by these experts . tiger named ben , aged 3 years and 10 months , and miss daisy the leopon , 6 years and 4 months , were mated last week .
leopon team consists of four members of the automotive club from ooarai girls high school , which also provide maintenance for all of ooarai ' s tanks .
despite the fact that the tiger ( p ) is designed for a five - man crew , leopon team operates the tank with only four members .
leopon leopons are the first hybrid to be introduced to lioden . leopons are a cross between a lioness and a leopard male . first generations are very rare . leopons are obtained exactly the same way as other breeding mutations , which means any lioness could randomly pop out a leopon cub when she is bred !
how do i get a leopon on lioden ? i ' m starting with a lot of very low fertility lionesses and breeding until i get a leopon ! of course , special items help too . should i claim very low fertility lionesses ? let me know what you think ! follow me on facebook : urltoken add me on lioden : urltoken
a leopon skin and skull at the british museum of natural history is said to have come from an animal bred at kolhapur zoo in india in the early part of the 20th century .
name : primalnstincts # gnash id : 82551 why i want to join : ever since i joined lioden i have been drawn to leopons . then i find out that it ' s a rare mutation . this seems like a cool way to work with other players to get a leopon without spending 400gb . i don ' t mind if we don ' t get a leopon , but i am happy to try ! what would i do with a leopon : i would pamper it and give it lots of decors , and after i get 1 - 2 more i would share the rest . if a get a leopon boy i will give him to one of my partners . if i sell a leopon that was bred here everyone would get a share of the money or it would be spent on items for leopon breeding . do i have a leopon : nope . . . : ( how do i get currency : i buy gb or sell stuff on the monkey business anything else : why can ' t you just tell your lionesses to mate with a leopard ? also should we make a clan for this ? using a clan hoard as a item storage area ? it would be private . edited on 02 / 05 / 17 @ 20 : 44 : 56 by primalnstincts # gnash ( # 82551 )
during the final match against kuromorimine girls academy , ooarai ' s tanks managed to survive the initial attack by kuromorimine ' s tanks and they gathered on the top of a hill , later successfully executing a breakthrough , with leopon team acting as the armored spearhead . although the tank ' s temperamental transmission threatened to catch fire , leopon team were able to make engine repairs whilst on the move . during the subsequent escape from kuromorimine ' s main force , while crossing a bridge , leopon team deliberately demolished it , forcing the opponent to take a different route and gaining critical time for ooarai .
a leopon is a hybrid resulting from a lioness and leopard mating . in the wild , the lioness and leopard use different mating techniques and would be unlikely to find themselves in a position of compatibility .
leopon team initially crewed their tank to see if they could drift in it . as it turns out , they are very good at it , at one stage drifting the tank over 180 degrees around .
leopon team started the match as part of team dandelion , where they engaged in fruitless long - range gunnery with rumi company ' s pershings . once the battle shifted to the theme park , leopon team , along with the other ooarai tanks excepting the panzer iv , acted as a mobile reserve . they were deployed first to the main gate , then redirected to the eastern utility gate after miho realized the deception .
if you know a lion and a leopard very well then you should be able to identify a leopon because its physical appearance is a combination of that of both parents . leopons are spotted like leopards the only
towards the end of the match , leopon team helped chase down the bermuda trio by using their tank to create a slipstream for their allies . although the stress of leopon team ' s turbo - charged boost surpassed the technical limits of the engine and caused the tank to fatally break down , their contribution allowed the otherwise slow pravda and kuromorimine tanks to catch the bermuda trio in a close ranged engagement and take one of them out .
as plan f took effect , leopon team was joined by anteater team and katyusha in the t - 34 - 85 in a high speed engagement through a wild - western setting . just as the all - stars university team tanks were about to close the trap on the ooarai force , leopon team used the heavy weight of the tank to drive through the buildings , which were just theater set constructs , suddenly changing the angle of attack and catching the surprised university tanks in the open .
a leopon ( pronounced :
lep - ən
) is the hybrid produced by a mating between a lioness and a leopard . the hybrid produced from the reciprocal cross ( lion x leopardess ) is called a lipard ( pronounced :
lip - erd
) .
lifespan ever recorded for a leopon is over 20 years . to us humans this may seem short but when compared to either lions or leopards this is an unusually long amount of time . for instance lions have a life expectancy of only 13 years ; seeing the difference ?
name : kat why you want to join : i ' m interested in leopon and have been since i joined the game but never could get ahold of one . what you would do with a leopon : i ' d pamper and breed her . i would give her my most beautiful decors . i would make her my queen lol . if i got a male i would make it a sub since they are infertile so i would not breed him . do you have a leopon : unfortunately no how you intend to help : i have two accounts one of which was a giant face plant so i sold all my lions it now only has a male and a adolescent female i could use that to grow and breed them . like @ korea said how do you get currency : selling items and i could purchase gb
i hope this helps clarify the confusion on breeding leopons or hybrids in general ! please feel free to post below with any questions , comments , or concerns you have . i ' ll be happy to address them as best i can . many thanks and best luck in your leopon adventures !
a leopon
flat study skin and skull
from the kolhapur zoo in india ( bred in 1910 ) was donated to the british museum of natural history by lt col fw wodehouse of the junior united services sometime before 1940 . the more famous japanese leopons are preserved as mounted specimens in japan .
four months into trying , i bred a leopon ! how can you breed a leopon on lioden ? follow along for my tips and tricks for getting the best mutant cubs on this lion simulator . breed a mutant cub today on lioden ! cotton root bark ? gmo cow ? i did some testing so you don ' t have to . add me on lioden : urltoken lioden is a revolutionary twist on the sim game experience - be the king of your very own pride of lionesses , breed the best cubs , defend your territory and battle other lions for supremacy . follow on facebook : urltoken consider supporting me on patreon : urltoken
their first leopon cubs were born in 1959 after 97 days gestation—the gestation period of a hybrid is usually intermediate in length between those of its parents ( in leopards gestation lasts 90 - 105 days , and in lions , 105 - 110 days ) . three more were born in 1962 , a male and two females .
many persons have wondered what kind of animal would be produced if a cross should happen between a lion and a leopard , some have even doubted the possibility . for those who have doubted the possibility , yes it is possible to cross a lioness and a leopard . when crossed the resulting hybrid is known as a leopon .
the leopon is documented in r i pocock ' s letter to the field of 2nd november 1912 and the 1913 - 14 vol . of the journal of the bombay natural history society . it refers to three more letters in the field 1908 april 18 , 25 , and may 9th . judging from the letters , the indian leopons were born in 1910 . pocock wrote in november 1912 :
mr franco stenta of barberino mugello near florence . stenta owned a number of tame big captive - born big cats : 2 male lions , 2 male tigers , 1 tiger cub and a leopardess . these had been acquired from rome zoo and were tame to the point of being domesticated . one lion (
puff
) , the leopardess (
miccia
) and the tiger cub were housed in cages in the courtyard of the stenta family ' s paper factory in barberino mugello 25 km from florence . the owner did not expect or intend them to breed . the lion / leopard hybrid cub ( often called a
leopon
or
reverse leopon
in reports ) came as a complete surprise to the owner and at first he mistook it for a domestic cat , which he thought had slipped into the cage .
( 5 ) reginald pocock ( 1951 ) describes the skin of a wild - shot leopon :
it is a male , measuring approximately : head and body 5 ft . 10 1 / 2 in . , tail , without terminal hairs of the tuft , 2 ft . 9 in . , making a total of about 8 ft . 8 in . this is of course small for adult east african lions , of which the dressed skins may
there have been successful attempts to cross a lion with a leopardess to produce liards or lipards ( or as florio proposed
leonards
) . the large size of the lion compared to that of the leopardess means that a leopon ( male leopard / lioness ) is a more plausible explanation for the marozi than a lion / leopardess pairing . a lion x leopardess hybrid was born in schoenbrunn zoo , vienna in 1951 . a better documented lipard was born in 1982 .
although the leopard and lion come into contact in sub - saharan africa , it is widely believed that a leopon could not occur in a natural state because a leopard would be unable to mate with an unsedated lioness . but many reported hybrids of this type were the result of unplanned crosses in captivity . doi and reynolds ( 1967 ) say a lioness willingly and regularly lay on her side for a leopard to mount ( the pair in question were raised together ) .
like leopards , the leopon is an excellent climber and enjoys going into the water , distressing their lioness mothers , who have little , if any , interest in getting wet . leopons are about the size of a lion but their legs are shorter , more like a leopard . they have spots , but somewhat paler than a leopard and a tuft at the end of their tail like a lion . mature males have manes but not nearly as fluffy and large as a male lion . [ 1 ]
as the match against the st . gloriana - pravda compound team moved into an urban environment , leopon team peeled off from the main force in an attempt to lure the pravda tanks away from the flag tank . when katyusha refused to take the bait , they instead moved to the oy - line , where they set up a defensive line to block the tanks chasing anglerfish team . after an extended firefight , they took a direct hit from nonna ' s is - 2 , which triggered the subsequent collapse of the oy - line .
( 4 ) in a letter to the field ( nov . 2nd , 1912 ) , r . i . pocock gives the following description of the pelt of a leopon now in the british museum of natural history . pocock thanked walter samuel millard , the honorary secretary of the bombay natural history society , for sending me a skin of a specimen , which ,
according to the testimony of col . f w wodehouse , was bred in the gardens at kolhapur between a male panther i . e . a large leopard and a lioness . there were
the leopons shown here were bred at koshien hanshin park in nishinomiya city , japan . some of the photos show the cats as being extremely overweight , possibly due to a lack of testosterone ; predisposing them to lay down fat instead of muscle ( life in relatively small cages did not help matters ) . the lioness mother , leopard father and leopon offspring were taxidermised and are still on display . the park is closing and will donate two stuffed leopons to the national science museum in tokyo for scientific research . the remaining stuffed leopons will be displayed in nishinomiya city .
the marozi is reported in cameroons , central african republic , uganda , rwanda , kenya and ethiopia where it is reportedly a forest - dweller with a unique spot pattern distinct from that of the leopard . the presence of a supposedly self - sustaining population ( male big cat hybrids are sterile ) , the small size and the size difference problems of a leopard / lioness mating suggests a mutant form of either leopard or lion . because male hybrids are rarely fertile , a female leopon would have to mate with either a leopard or lion in order to produce offspring . those offspring would resemble the pure - bred parent .
they are real and are the only hybrid big cat species where the male is fertile . in other hybrid big cat species only the female offspring is fertile and can only mate with a pure - bred big cat . . . usually one of the parent species . more information about this hybrid . . . it is actually the offsrping of a leopard ( male ) and a lioness ( female ) the reciprocal offsrping is a lipard which is a male lion and female leopard mix . from my understanding it is much bigger than the leopon . something you should note , this mix has never occured in the wild and only in captivity .
leopon team consists of members of the automotive club from ooarai girls high school , which up to that point had meticulously done the restoration and the maintenance of the school ' s tanks . the team operates a german tiger ( p ) , which was accidentally found by miho while searching for saori and the rest of the rabbit team who had lost their way inside their ship city ; after lengthy repairs , it was fixed and painted it with an image of a lion ; miho herself suggested to them that they could become the tiger ( p ) ' s crew . together with anteater team , they became the last minute addition to ooarai ' s lineup prior to the final round of the sensha - dō tournament .
inheritance please note that most mutations are not naturally inherited . the only mutations that are naturally inherited are : leopon , overgrown fur , primal , smilus , felis and all piebald patterns . leopons can only be passed down by the mother . males with this mutation are sterile and cannot breed . overgrown fur can only be passed down by the mother . males cannot inherit this mutation . primal can only be passed down by the father . females can inherit this mutation . smilus can only be passed down by primal , felis or smilus males . females cannot inherit this mutation . felis can only be passed down by primal , felis or smilus males . females can inherit this mutation . piebald can be passed down by both mother and father .
in terms of size , the leopons take after the lioness mother and are larger than leopards . they have stout lion - like bodies and shorter leopard - like legs . they have brown , rather than black , spots and tufted tails . they will climb like leopards and seem to enjoy water , also like the leopard ( oddly enough , the japanese leopons were born of a water - loving lioness and a male leopard that did not seem to like water ! ) . when mature , males had sparse manes about 20 cm long when adult ( florio , 1983 ) . females may be torn between the solitary nature of the leopard and the social nature of a lioness . the hybrids proved to be sterile and the last one died in 1985 .
h hemmer ( 1966 ) described leopard / lion hybrids as large animals , larger than the leopard and almost as large as the lioness mother . males had a beard and mane ; the mane developing at 2 years of age and remaining poorly developed at age 3 . the background colour was pale reddish - yellow ; being more reddish than in a lion . the markings were paler than those of the leopard .
interestingly , the leopard was originally believed to be a hybrid between the
pard
( old name for panther , this being considered a separate creature from the leopard ) and the lion (
leo
) i . e . a leo - pard . nowadays , the term
panther
is generally only applied to black leopards . pliny believed that leopards were a hybrid of panther ( pard ) and lioness ( leo ) . this belief held sway for centuries , leading some authorities to identify dante ' s lonza as a leopard / lion hybrid in the style of pliny . in dante ' s book
inferno
( 1314 ) a leopard - like creature called the
lonza
represents the sin of lust . although generally translated as leopard , the word
lonza
is ambiguous ( being a play on words ) and some identify it as a hybrid of lion / leopardess or leopard / lioness , citing the works of pliny as possible inspiration for dante ' s lonza .
must a lioness be sedated for the smaller leopard to mount her ? or does she willingly adopt a lying position ? any natural hybrids would require her to be willing . some have claimed that the zoo pictures below show a very unresponsive , sedated lioness , but reports on the japanese leopons state that the lioness voluntarily assumed a position on her side to allow the much smaller leopard to mount her . the photos clearly show affection between the two animals .
july 8th , 1961 : zoo keepers here have dubbed their latest attraction leopons . the three cubs are offspring of a female lion and a male leopard . two are yellowish - brown with light black spots . the third leans to the father’s side – spotty .
1968 : the story of leopons . doi , hiroyuk and barbara reynolds . putnam . today japanese children can visit a zoo and see leopons - animals that several vears ago did not exist anywhere in the world . their mother is a lion and their father is a leopard . dr . hiroyuki doi first believed that lions and leopards were more similar than most people had thought , he felt that perhaps the animals had developed from one common ancestor and his experiment was a plausible testimony to his theory . the book is full of photos of these fascinating creatures .
july 12th , 1971 : hanshin park zoo officials reported the death of sonoko , a lioness who gave birth in 1959 and 1961 to five cubs called leopons because they were fathered by a leopard . four leopons survive .
the father of the hybrid was a 2 year old 250 kg lion 1 . 08 m tall at the shoulders and 1 . 8 m long ( excluding tail ) . the mother was a 3 and a half year old leopardess weighing only 38 kg . the female cub was born overnight on 26 / 27 august 1982 . its estimated birth - weight was similar to that of a leopard cub and the estimated gestation period was 92 - 93 days . miccia was initially a good mother , but began to over - groom the cub , biting off its tail when it was 2 days old . from then on , the cub was left with its mother while nursing . after 2 weeks it was hand - reared . at 5 months old it weighed 13 - 14 kg and was one third the size of its mother . it had the body conformation of a lion cub with a large head ( lion trait ) but receding forehead ( leopard trait ) , fawn fur and thick but faded ( i . e . brown ) spotting . the parents mated again in november 1982 and the leopardess was reported to be pregnant . however she had to be kept separate from puff as he continued to mount her whenever they were together .
the mysterious african
marozi
or
spotted lion
, may be a rare natural leopard / lion hybrid or an adult lion which retained its childhood spots . descriptions vary , but in general the marozi is described as a small lion with a sandy , tawny or grey coat with tawny spots . to add to the confusion , the spotted patterns are variously described as leopard - like , not leopard - like or even jaguar - like .
painting of two marozi by bill rebsamen , big - cat lover and wildlife artist . reproduced here by kind permission . bill ' s website can be found at :
the first observations of spotted lions ( marozi , panthera leo maculatus ) by westerners were in 1903 . details of marozi / spotted lion sightings is at spotted lions .
black leopards ( black panthers ) have always caught the public imagination . to my knowledge black leopons have not occurred . the gene for melanism in leopards is recessive and would probably be masked by lion colouration genes .
florio pl . birth of a lion x leopard hybrid in italy . international - zoo - news , 1983 ; 30 ( 2 ) : 4 - 6
many thanks to paul mccarthy for tirelessly researching back issues of the field and the times .
a lion detects intercourse with a leopard in the case of an adulterous mate by scent , and uses all his strength to punish her . so she will wash away the guilty odor in some stream , or else keep her distance when accompanying him .
lioness × leopard close - up of face ( male ) . image : trjn
many leopard - lion hybrids have been bred in captivity . best known are those born at koshien hanshin park in nishinomiya , japan in the late fifties and early sixties , one of which survived more than twenty years . this is longer than usual for a leopard ( maximum recorded life span in captivity 23 years ) or a lion , which has an average captive life expectancy of 13 years .
the staff at koshien hanshin decided to breed lion - leopard hybrids because other zoos were focusing on lion - tiger hybrids . they began by raising a lioness and a male leopard together . she was named sonoko and her leopard mate , kaneo . both were born in 1955 .
one of the interesting facts about leopons is that , unlike lions , they ' re good climbers . they also enjoy water , which often distresses their lioness mothers . leopons are big animals nearly the size of a lion , with stout bodies , but their legs are shorter , like a leopard’s ( hemmer 1966 ) . they have brown spots , paler than the leopard’s black spots , and tufted tails , like a lion . the base color is pale reddish yellow . mature males have sparse manes about 8 inches ( 20 cm ) long .
there are , however , anecdotal reports of natural hybrids , known as marozis , from cameroon , central african republic , uganda , rwanda , kenya , and ethiopia . apparently , the only solid evidence of hybridization occurring in the wild is a skin ( and possible skull ) in the british museum of natural history , shot in 1931 in kenya’s aberdare mountains ( this pelt is described in detail in note 5 below ) .
leopard and lioness making friends : wild lioness nursing leopard cub . this leopard would likely become imprinted on lions , so that it would prefer to mate with lionesses instead of leopards when it reached maturity . more info > >
as to the reciprocal cross , florio ( 1983 ) reports a case of a lipard , occurring in italy . in this particular case there was a large difference in the sizes of the parents . the lion father weighed 550 pounds ( 250 kg ) , while the leopard mother weighed a mere 84 pounds ( 38 kg ) . unfortunately for the mom , the lion attempted to mate at every opportunity . another lion - leopardess hybrid was born in schoenbrunn zoo , vienna , in 1951 .
there is also a three - way cross between leopard , jaguar and lion known .
antonius ( 1951b ) ; doi and reynolds ( 1967 ) ; flower ( 1929a ) ; gray ( 1972 ) ; hemmer ( 1966 : figs . 75 , 76 , 78 , 1968c ) ; international zoo yearbook ( 1959 , 1960 , 1961 , 1962 ) ; petzsch ( 1956 ) ; peters ( 1978 ) ; pocock ( 1908a , 1908b , 1913 , 1951 ) ( list of works cited ) .
( 1 ) stuffed leopons are on display in japan at the national science museum in tokyo .
( 2 ) according to jerdon ( 1874 : 174 ) , arab tradition says the cheetah is a product of this cross ( see also platt 1909 ) .
( 3 ) this hybrid was apparently known even in ancient times , since it is mentioned by pliny ( natural history , book viii , xvii ) .
two cubs in the litter . one , whose skin is here figured , died when about two and a half months old , whereas the other , now about two years old is , i believe , still living . at first sight this skin recalls that of the leopard in being covered with spots ; but those on the side of the body are much smaller and closer set than in a typical indian leopard’s , and also browner and altogether less distinct , as if beginning to disappear with age … on the head , down the spine , on the belly and the legs , they are however quite black and distinct . the tail is very confusedly spotted above , but striped below , and has a blackish tip covered with longer hairs . another leonine feature is the dirty white — rather than clear white — tint of the underside , while the ears are fawn with a broad , black bar , but are without the white spot seen in leopards
surpass 10 ft . over all . from its size i guessed it to be about three years old , a year or more short of full size . there is nothing particularly noticeable in its mane , which is small and , except on the cheeks , consists of a mixture of tawny , grey and black hairs , the longest up to about 5 in . in length . … the peculiarity of the skin lies in the distinctness of the pattern of spots , consisting of large ‘jaguarine’ rosettes arranged in obliquely vertical lines and extending over the flanks , shoulders and thighs up to the darker spinal area where they disappear . they are irregular in size and shape , the largest measuring 85 by 45 or 65 by 65 mm . in diameter . their general hue is pale greyish - brown , with slightly darkened centres , but at the periphery they are thrown into relief by the paler tint of the spaces between them . on the pale cream - buff belly , the solid richer buff spots stand out tolerably clearly . the legs are covered with solid spots , more distinct than the rosettes of the flanks , and on the hind legs they are more scattered and a deeper , more smoky grey tint than on the fore legs .
some of these crosses are much better documented than others ( as indicated by the reliability arrow ) . indeed , some might seem completely impossible .
but all have been reported at least once . the links below are to separate articles . additional crosses , not listed here , are covered on the
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leopons have been successfully bred in captivity according to a few sources . the best known were at the koshien hanshin park in nishinomiya city , japan in the 1950s . [ 1 ]
i ' m not at all convinced this pairing could happen in the wild , but i can imagine it might in a zoo . animals are known to exhibit unnatural behaviors in a typical zoo environment . hybrids are usually considered sterile ; a natural biological barrier against occurrences of hybridization . there have been rare instances where the sterility rule didn’t hold .
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it is a real image . published in the daily mirror 28 january 1970 .
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from the rosette markings on this cat , its probably the mix of a lion and jaguar . not a leopard . however , the photo is shopped . the mane is the only indication of any semblance of lion and the distinction is simply to neat . remove the mane , and this is pedigree jaguar . that being said , there are successful jaglions and liguars .
spoiler warning ! this wiki contains detailed information regarding the girls und panzer universe . proceed with caution !
the tiger ( p ) is a german prototype heavy tank with a formidable 8 . 8cm kwk 36 l / 56 gun ; it has excellent firepower and armor protection , but it ' s very unreliable , often suffering from engine breakdowns .
although technically members of the automotive club , they are categorized alongside the other sensha - dō members at ooarai school ' s temporary transfer site .
the tiger ( p ) carries the largest gun in the ooarai sensha - dō arsenal .
in reality , most tiger ( p ) tanks had additional armour plating bolted onto the front . although the automobile club mentions that they have done something similar for the panzer iv , they have not done so for their own tank .
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since their addition into the game , leopons are arguably one of the most popular mutations . not only are they mind numbingly adorable with their art , but they also present a plethora of new breeding challenges . these hybrids are unique among lioden genetics and are accompanied by a swathe of attributes only they possess . their bloodlines can become rather complex and it can be confusing to understand how hybrid genetics all play out . this guide is here to help you understand where leopons come from , how they can be bred , and what inheritance patterns they follow . please note this guide does not and will not provide exact percentages for any breeding and / or mutation rates . only vague proportions will be given to keep some mystery involved in breeding them !
i wonder . . . will there be other hybrids introduced in the game ? 0 . 0 i hope so . : )
omg . so useful thought . : 3 thanks for posting this , cleared things up ! xp but , i have a question . does the mother has to have the rosette marking in order to breed with a leopard ? o . o
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90 % of the time , speakers of english use just 7 , 500 words in speech and writing . these words appear in red , and are graded with stars . one - star words are frequent , two - star words are more frequent , and three - star words are the most frequent .
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being the color ; leopons have brown spots while leopards are black spotted . when looking at size leopards and lions are relatively the same , a leopons legs are however shorter like that of leopards . another similarity is that the males have manes like that of lions .
when it comes to mating the lioness would normally lie on her side allowing the leopard to mount . it is also believed that mating seldom happens between these two because the lioness when unsedated often times wouldn’t allow the leopard to mount on her . therefore most of the leopons produced are as a result of human doings .
so , hybridization is unlikely in nature because of behavioral differences ? i wonder what dynamics were in play between homo sapiens and homo neanderthalensis back in the day . would a human male find a neanderthal babe hot ? perhaps if he was inibriated , he might not know the difference . rod martin , jr . http : / / www . spacesoftware . net
cross - breed means the animal is of mixed blood ; the animal is often a mix of two different breeds , or a mix of several breeds . these are often referred to as mongrels for dogs , or moggies for cats , mules in sheep , or just known as a cross - breed with other species . cross - breeds often display traits from all the breeds that make up the mix . cross - breeds can reproduce , as they are just different types of the same species .
a cross - breed is different to what is referred to as a hybrid . a hybrid is cross between different species , as with cross - breeds , hybrids often display both physical and personality traits from both parents species . however , hybrids tend to be infertile ( they cannot reproduce their own young ) and therefore the only way to get the particular hybrid is to cross the 2 original species . a few hybrid animal examples are :
it is important to think about this when acquiring a cross - breed as a pet ; if the mix of breeds is known , you can research into them to see the likely physical characteristics , as well as the likely personality traits you may see in your pet .
cross - breeds are becoming increasingly popular with dogs , and cross - bred dogs are being sold as designer breeds . some of the more popular designer dog breeds are :
as you may have noticed , these deisgner breeds have been given their own , new name that combines the 2 breeds they have been crossed with .
due to the fact that cross - breeds have ability to reproduce , there is dispute about designer breeds and what makes them up . take the labradoodle for example , most breeders will only accept a dog as being a labradoodle if it is the first generation ; i . e . one parent is a poodle , the other parent is a labrador . if 2 labradoodles have offspring , most breeders do not class the puppies as labradoodles , but rather as mongrels . if one parent is a labradoodle , and the other is either a poodle or a labrador , the offspring is also termed as being mongrels along most breeders of the designer breed .
aside from the designer cross - breeds , most cross - breeds are not recognised as “breeds” , but rather just referred to as crosses . the crosses from just 2 different breeds that are not designer dogs are easily differentiated by the fact they are referred to as cross - breeds , and do not have their own “breed name” .
often cross - breeds are similar breeds that have been mated , such as the scottish terrier and the west highland terrier . these are 2 similar looking breeds ; similar height , coat , ears , face , as well as having a similar temperament .
however , due to the ability to reproduce , cross - breeds become more and more diluted in breed terms and eventually just get termed as a mongrel . a lot of mongrels are so mixed with breeds that a similarity to any one breed is very hard to see , others have a distinct breed that stands out ; such as the alsatian mix and the tibetan terrier mix , pictured below .
all breeds , including the ones that are now classified as pedigree breeds , have come about from mixing different kinds of canines to get the desired appearance and / or personality out of the animal that the breeder desired . the bedlington terrier for example , is thought to be a mix of ; the rothbury terrier , kerry blue terrier , wheaten terrier ,
otterhound , poodle and the dandie dinmont terrier… so basically a mongrel with a lot of breeds mixed in ! however , nowadays it is its own recognised breed , a pedigree .
dogs may be the most popular animals to mix breeds , but they are certainly not the only ones ! cats , birds , fish , rabbits , rodents , reptiles , sheep , cows , pigs , horses and ponies can all be cross bred ; but some species cross - breeds are more common than others . for example , cross - breed rabbits are fairly common , often due to un - neutered pets having accidental litters !
cats cross - breed often too , however in one litter there can be a different father for each kitten , so the crosses cannot always be determined and may not be known – unless the cross - breeding was intentional and artificially selected . cats are usually bred via artificial selection for their pedigree , so in the way we get designer dog breeds , it is not the same with cats . some cat crosses can be seen clearly , but most are unsure and just get termed as a moggie .
just to clarify – the terms horse and pony refers to the height of the same animal . they are measure in hands high ( hh ) – horses are 14 . 2hh + , whereas ponies are up to ( and including ) 14 . 1hh . horses and ponies are usually selected for their pedigree too , due to needing pure bloodlines for race and show animals . however , there are a few recognised cross - breeds :
there is also a mongrel of horses – a mix breed of many breeds that has come to be recognised as a breed , the pony of the americas ( poa ) .
a lot of people do not believe birds and fish can be cross bred , however this is just due to the occurrence of this being very low ( lower in fish than birds ) . birds can cross breed as long as they belong to the same sub - species ; for example , 2 of the same type ( such as 2 conures , or 2 cockatoos ) of parrot can have offspring , 2 of the same type of aviary bird ( such as a pair of different finch types ) can have offspring , 2 different chicken types can have offspring… and the list goes on . it is just uncommon , but the ability is there .
any questions or comments ? please use either contact page , thoughts comment box below , or social media site ( facebook , google + , twitter or linkedin ) .
check this out ! ! ! i have a zebra heart , instant birth feather and can find some really persistent studs . . . so . . . anyone have 5x yoh barks ? ?
want to breed lioden mutants ? the right items will steer the random cub generator towards mutation . this is a comprehensive list of breeding items . let me know what ' s worked for you in the past ! don ' t forget to add me on lioden : urltoken join the pet simmer clan : urltoken guides used - - common misconceptions : urltoken dem lion scrotums : urltoken how to lion scrotum : urltoken item database : urltoken
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congrats ! you ' ve decided to try and make some adorable little lions to continue on your pride ' s legacy . in order to do that , you ' ll have to be attuned to the breeding of your females . not every lioness is the same as the next and so not every lioness is likely to give you a cub . some are more susceptible to breeding than others and sometimes the genes even get a bit mixed - up . this page talks about the fertility system , how it affects your breeding , and mutations .
fertility is how likely your lioness is to get pregnant when bred . it is a chance or a likelihood . this means you and / or the stud that you are using may have to breed with a lioness multiple times before they get pregnant . a successful breeding could take 5 tries or it could take 500 , depending on her fertility . it also correlates to how
good
your lioness ' genes are . although mutations can occur at all fertility levels , the lower your lioness ' fertility is the more likely she is to produce one .
all cubs , regardless whether they ' re male or female , have a set fertility level . however , it does not manifest itself until adulthood in case you decide to sex - change your male adolescent into a female . once grown , males are considered to have
goddess
fertility levels while females all vary .
if you do not like the fertility of your lioness there are some temporary and permanent ways to alter it .
- choose a new , permanent , fertility . ( infertile / goddess unavailable )
sometimes , during breeding , the genes of the cub get a little messed up ! what comes afterwards can be a wild card . mutations randomly occur when breeding a lioness . although lower fertility levels are more likely to produce a mutation , they can appear at any fertility level . even then , some mutations are more debilitating than others and others are more common . as a general rule , lethal mutations and hybrids tend to be quite rare .


formica obscuripes ( the western thatching ant ) is a species of ant in the family formicidae .

it is native to north america .

it produces large mounds covered by small pieces of plant material .

the number of adult workers per colony may be as high as 40,000 .

f. obscuripes feeds upon a number of insect species , consumes nectar from homopterous insects they tend , and occasionally eats plant tissue .

in the blue mountains of oregon , f. obscuripes has demonstrated the capacity for polydomy .

a supercolony in a four-hectare study area near lehman hot springs consisted of 210 active nests with an estimated population in excess of 56 million ants .

formica obscuripes

formica obscuripes , also known as the ' western thatching ant ' is found throughout the central and western us , and western canada . f . obscuripes inhabits semi - arid sagebrush scrub lands , prairies , and various forest ecosystems .
to cite this page : miner , a . 2014 .
formica obscuripes
( on - line ) , animal diversity web . accessed july 09 , 2018 at urltoken
weber , n . a . 1935 . the biology of the thatching ant , formica rufa obscuripes forel , in north dakota . ecological monographs 5 : 165 - 206 .
senior synonym of formica aggerans : forel , 1914c pdf : 619 ; creighton , 1940a pdf : 1 ; of formica melanotica : creighton , 1950a pdf : 492 .
material of the unavailable name formica rubiginosa referred here by creighton , 1940a pdf : 1 .
31 times thatch mound , 11 times thatch mound nest , 3 times large formica thatch mound , 5 times foragers , 3 times nest under dead wood , 5 times mound nest , 3 times ex thatch mound , 5 times under stone , 4 times under dead wood , 2 times nest in dead wood , 2 times formica obscuripes mound , . . .
31 times thatch mound , 11 times thatch mound nest , 3 times large formica thatch mound , 5 times foragers , 3 times ex thatch mound , 3 times nest under dead wood , 5 times mound nest , 5 times under stone , 4 times under dead wood , 2 times nest in dead wood , 2 times formica obscuripes mound , . . .
there are some similar critters in formica : the experts will let you know if i ' m anywhere close . : )
·cole , a . c . 1932 . the thatching ant , formica obscuripes forel . psyche 39 : 30 - 33 , 1932 . ·conway , j . r . 1996 . nuptial , pre - , and postnuptial activity of the thatching ant , formica obscuripes forel , in colorado . great basin naturalist , 56 ( 1 ) , 1996 , pp . 54 - 58 ·jurgensen , m . f . , storer , a . j . & risch , a . c . 2005 . red wood ants in north america . ann . zool . fennici 42 : 235 - 242 , helsinki , 28 june , 2005 ·mciver , j . d . , torgersen , t . r . & cimon , n . j . 1997 . a supercolony of the thatch ant formica obscuripes forel ( hymenoptera : formicidae ) from the blue mountains of oregon . northwest science , vol . 71 . no . 1 , 1997 ·weber , n . a . 1935 . the biology of the thatching ant , formica obscuripes forel , in north dakota . ecological monographs , vol . 5 , no . 2 , pp . 165 - 206
thes are predators of a variety of other arthropods and avid collectors of honeydew and extrafloral nectar . may attack and prey on other ants , particularly other formica .
the founding of new colonies is usually carried out by the process of ' temporary social parasitism ' . an inseminated f . obscuripes queen will enter the nest of another formica species , and gain the acceptance of the ' host ' workers . at some point the host queen is killed or driven off , and the host workers raise the brood of the invading queen . eventually , only the invading species remains , as the original host workers die off . many , if not most f . obscuripes nests eventually house more than one queen .
formica obscuripes , like other formica in the rufa - species group , is a social parasite . you won ' t be able to start a colony from a single queen by herself , as she lacks the body reserves and instincts that queens of non - parasitic species have . instead , queens of rufa - group ants normally found colonies by integrating themselves into colonies of other species of formica , killing the resident queen , and assuming her role . what you ' d need to do is set up a starter colony fragment of your local host species , like f . podzolica , and introduce your obscuripes queen to it ( once you catch one , that is ) . i suspect you won ' t need this host colony to be fully - functioning - even a pile of pupae might do it . queens you catch on the mound themselves likely won ' t have mated . you ' ll do well to look for de - alated queens running around on the ground .
actually , for formica it ' s likely the males are larger then the queens . formica is one of the few genera of ants that has fair developed males , where in most other genera they tend to be smaller then the workers . ( we should mention this in the faq someone . ) a formica queen will be about the size of the workers if not a little bigger / longer . she should look similar to these . urltoken urltoken urltoken urltoken notice the developed thorax that gives them a hunch - back look . and the slightly larger abdomen . urltoken of course i ' m going all over the genus of formica but you can see they all have that in common . it sounds like your description of the males and the formica obscuripes are correct . if this is a recent thing then perhaps the queens haven ' t yet matured , or only emerge form the nest later in the day . another issue , maybe the colony you ' re looking at hasn ' t produced new queens this year . and finally it ' s possible they are a different formica that might gather their swarms low to the ground in other locations . i imagen this would be in forest land , where you can see other nests of this species . in either case , finding a location where there are more nests of these ants may increase your odds of finding a queen .
aha ! i ' ve got it ! here ' s a photo of a formica obscuripes queen , and she ' s red and black , rather than all black like the males . so i need to find a red and black winged ant . photo ( i also need to locate an appropriate starter set of minions , but that ' s another question . ) thanks for all your help , ant experts !
this is the most widely distributed and abundant member of the boreal and subboreal formica rufa - group in north america ( group named for a widely distributed euarasian species ) . on some individuals in the image , the diagnostic bristles on the outer surfaces of the middle and hind tibiae can be detected .
food is obtained primarily by scavenging or preying upon insects and other arthropods , and by harvesting honeydew from aphids . in addition to food - gathering activities on the ground ( and in shrubs ) , f . obscuripes workers forage high in the foliage of trees , and are important predators of western spruce budworm , and other forest ' pests ' .
this is the second time you ' ve tried to talk me into messing with a f . obscuripes mound . ( you wanted me to check if the alates overwinter , before . ) i ' m afraid of these guys ! i don ' t know how i ' d get pupae without being bitten half to death . maybe i ' ll drive over to yetuyetu ' s house if it turns out he hasn ' t got a queen in his bucket .
the western thatching ant , formica obscuripes , is a relatively large mound - building ant . its distribution reportedly extends from northern indiana and michigan westward across the northern united states and southern canada to oregon and british columbia . this ant also is found in an area extending southward including utah , colorado , northern new mexico and california . the host range of the western thatching ant includes various vegetation types , such as forested areas , grasslands , and sagebrush . the dome - shaped nests may vary considerably depending on age of the colony and the habitat ; however , they are typically 0 . 5 m in height and 1 . 0–1 . 5 m in diameter . the main brood chambers typically extend to a depth of 1 m or more below the soil surface , and the thatch to a depth of one - third of a meter or less . the thatch nests are constructed from dry plant materials found in the area , such as pine needles and twigs in a pine forest or sagebrush twigs and grass in a semi - arid region . the . . .
i ' ll second what myrmecos has written about a pile of pupae . i have started colonies of several formica rufa and sanguinea group species with a young queen found running about just after her mating flight , a pile of f . fusca group pupae , and some tlc . nevertheless , once started , the parasite species are nervous and fussy about nest conditions and food , and
fail to thrive
, so i ' ve always released them with no more than a few dozen workers .
in some western us states , mounds can reach over one meter in height , with tunnels and galleries extending several feet into the soil below the mound . the large nest - mounds collect solar radiation , warming the ants during cooler periods . the large mass of organic material may also help to generally moderate temperatures and humidity levels within the nest ' s interior . workers are constantly adding bits of twigs , cut grass stems , conifer needles , and other material to the mound . damage caused by high winds , rain , or even predators , is repaired by hordes of workers . nests of formica rufa , a closely - related european species , have been observed to be active for as long as forty years .
, the western thatching ant , is native to the nearctic region . it is widespread across the western half of canada and the united states . its range extends as far south as arizona and new mexico , and as far east as michigan and missouri . in the southern half of canada , it can be found from british columbia to manitoba . it is especially prevalent in the pacific northwest .
( crutsinger and sanders , 2005 ; higgins and lindgren , 2012 ; risch , et al . , 2008 ; tilman , 1978 ; weber , 1935 )
builds its nests in semi - arid regions , such as dry grasslands , including shrub - steppe habitats and sagebrush , prairies , coniferous forests , dunes , and alpine meadows . nests are also often found in areas of secondary succession .
can live in a large range of altitudes . nests have been found as low as 800 m and as high as 3 , 194 m , though the most common altitudes are between 1 , 524 to 2 , 743 m . nests are built into the ground , often around a structure , such as the main stem of a sagebrush plant or even a fence post . nests can extend up to 4 feet into the ground and are typically constructed out in the open . the western thatching ant gets its name from a mound of
thatch
that the workers assemble on top of the nest . this thatch consists of twigs , grasses , plant parts , and soil , and can be anywhere from a few centimeters to a meter high . the thermoregulatory abilities of the thatch allow the nests to be exposed to a variety of temperatures , humidity , and weather conditions . secondary nests are often constructed at the base of plants where
( beattie and culver , 1977 ; conway , 1996a ; crutsinger and sanders , 2005 ; higgins and lindgren , 2012 ; mciver and steen , 1994 ; mico , et al . , 2000 ; risch , et al . , 2008 ; tilman , 1978 ; weber , 1935 )
has one petiole and colony members may have a variety of colors and sizes . there is a continuous size distribution in workers , generally ranging from 4 . 0 to 7 . 5 mm in length , making it difficult to group the workers by size . head width ranges from 0 . 94 to 2 . 1 mm , showing significant variation . workers can be grouped into major and minor or major , media , and minor workers . due to the large variation in size , these ants are likely polymorphic . workers typically have a reddish - orange head , the thorax can be either reddish - orange or black , and the abdomen is black . legs and antennae can be reddish - orange or black . reproductive forms also follow this coloring . smaller workers can also be all black or dark brown . eggs are creamy white , and elliptical shaped . they are about 0 . 6 mm long and 0 . 31 mm wide . larvae are the same size as the egg when they hatch and grow to about 6 . 0 mm in length . reproductive pupae are 9 mm in length , while worker pupae are 3 . 5 to 7 . 0 mm in length .
( billick and carter , 2007 ; fraser , et al . , 2001 ; herbers , 1979 ; weber , 1935 )
is holometabolous . the first batch of eggs is laid in april . eggs are laid throughout the summer , until as late as the middle of august . eggs are laid in a brood chamber , as well as other soil chambers , where they develop and are tended to by adult workers . eggs hatch after 23 to 53 days . larvae can be found in brood chambers of the nests from the beginning of june to the end of august , and pupate after 7 to 33 days . pupae that develop into sexual forms are not present in the nests after june , but those that develop into workers can be found into early september . they remain pupae for 31 to 93 days , before developing into adults . by fall , the brood chamber has emptied . total time of development from egg to adult takes 61 to 122 days .
, very little is known about what occurs afterwards . since colonies move nests or grow by budding , it is uncertain where females that have recently mated in the nuptial flights go next . they likely return to already established nests to lay their eggs . colonies of
typically have two or more wingless queens that lay eggs . the number of queens present may vary significantly , as one colony was recorded as having 198 queens . the first brood of eggs is laid in the nest in april by queens already present in the nest . the eggs are laid in special brood chambers where they undergo metamorphosis and are cared for by workers .
breeding interval females mate once during the nuptial flight , while males may mate several times .
exhibit significant brood care . during the summer , a large brood chamber is constructed near the base of the thatch . this chamber is divided by twigs that are poked through at all angles and is well insulated . pupae can be found in the upper part of the chamber , while eggs and larvae are in the lower part of the chamber , as well as in lower chambers in the soil . the smallest workers remain in the nest to care for and feed the brood . once they reach adulthood , ants become independent and join the colony as workers or sexual forms . the entire brood has left the chamber by the beginning of fall and the chamber is then filled with thatch . there is also provisioning in the eggs provided by the queen .
most workers live 19 to 44 days after reaching adulthood , an average of 31 . 6 days , though some overwinter and live more than a year .
lives in large colonies . a large colony may have anywhere from 10 , 000 to 40 , 000 individuals . it is diurnal and forages during the day . in the warmer parts of its range ,
is active year round , while in the northern regions it overwinters in its nest and is active from april until october or november . the sexual males and females are able to fly , while workers are wingless . there are conflicting reports about the role of discrete worker castes in the colony . some researchers say
lacks discrete castes , while others have observed 2 or 3 distinct castes . in size , workers are on a continuous scale , with a large variety of sizes , though there are no obvious groupings . workers are often grouped into major , media , and minor workers . major workers repair the nest and thatch , as well as forage for insect prey to bring back to the nest . majors often work together to take down large insects . these attacks may last as long as 30 minutes . when attacking prey singly , major workers snatch the insect in their mandibles and immediately return to the nest . media workers transport broods between nests , forage for vegetation , and farm aphids . minors are rarely seen outside the nest and likely take part in brood care and tend the queens . all castes clean the nest . none of these tasks are exclusively performed by any one caste and all sizes contribute when necessary , which likely supports the idea that there are no discrete castes .
western thatching ants get their name from the piles of thatch they constructs to cover their nest mounds . the thatch is created from seeds , twigs , plant stems , grass , and soil . piles of thatch can be several centimeters to a meter deep and several centimeters to 1 . 5 m across . this thatch keeps nests at a constant temperature throughout the day , even though nests are typically constructed out in the open in dry , warm regions . workers are constantly repairing and adding to the thatch . many mounds are also built around the main stem of plants such as sagebrush . ants chew the bark on the stem and spray formic acid at it until it dies , at which point it can be removed , creating a central passage in the center of the nest .
is polydomous , with one colony typically living in several mounds . colonies often switch primary nests . new colonies are formed by budding . secondary mounds may become primary nests , or new mounds may be created nearby , with workers moving between the mounds .
( conway , 1996a ; conway , 1997 ; herbers , 1979 ; mciver and steen , 1994 ; mico , et al . , 2000 ; weber , 1935 )
mound usage by the colony can change throughout the day and year . a nest can have anywhere from 1 to 52 entrances , and these entrances constantly change . during warmer parts of the day , ants use entrances that are under cover and use entrances that are in the sun during the morning and evening . the same principle applies to trail usage . most trails are constructed under cover of vegetation , rarely veering out into the open . ants will also remain in the nest or secondary nest during the hottest part of the day , with most foraging taking place during the morning and evening . many colonies have secondary nests . these nests are typically constructed at the base of the plants where workers farm aphids . workers use this secondary nest throughout the day , the largest number take shelter in the mid - afternoon during the warmest temperatures . there are two types of workers involved in honeydew farming , tenders and transporters . transporters spend much of the day in the secondary nest , while the tenders farm honeydew and bring the honeydew to the transporters . the transporters collect the honeydew in their crop from the tenders and return to the nest with the honeydew .
tends to stay close to the nest ; one study showed that plants farther than 20 m away from the nest were not visited by the ants . mound density in some areas is 115 mounds / ha . in one study , the closest mounds were 2 . 36 m , while another study showed nests were usually separated by more than 100 m .
antennae are one of their most important sensory organs , used for olfaction , chemical detection , and tactile perception .
communicates with other workers by antennation and also perceives their environment with their antennae . ant crickets (
nests and have learned to mimic their antennae movements , which allows crickets to antennate with ants and remain undetected as non - colony members . when foraging at extra floral nectaries , ants can communicate with other foragers . if an ant finds a depleted nectary , it leaves a drop of liquid at the junction of the main stem and the stem to the depleted nectary . when another ant moves along the stem , it will antennate the drop of liquid and move past the depleted nectary without having to investigate itself . females release pheromones into the air during mating to attract males . as males swarm over the plants where the females wait , females also move their body and antennae to signal their location , indicating that vision is important in perceiving other individuals .
. it also scavenges dead insects and other invertebrates . foraging ants bring both living and dead insects back to the nest .
also eats organic matter , nectar from extra floral nectaries , and plant tissues including leaves , galls , and flowers . it has been recorded scavenging seeds , eating the edible part and storing the rest in the nest . occasionally , these ants also feed on carrion , such as dead rattlesnakes , birds , and small mammals . ants typically collect liquid from the carcasses and store it in their crops , returning to the nest and regurgitating the liquid via trophallaxis .
. honeydew is an important component of their diet , as a significant source of amino acids , carbohydrates , and water . it provides energy for the workers , and nutrients for the brood and queen . these ants occasionally also prey on the insects that they tend .
( beattie and culver , 1977 ; billick and carter , 2007 ; clark and blom , 1991 ; conway , 1997 ; erickson , et al . , 2012 ; heikkinen , 1999 ; mciver and yandell , 1998 ; mciver , et al . , 1997 ; tilman , 1978 )
. as predators themselves , they are aggressive and defend their brood and the aphids that they tend . they can spray formic acid when threatened or attacked . other insects that gain entry to the nest can pose a threat to the brood .
usually live peacefully in the nest , but have been observed attacking larvae . another ant species ,
, may eat larvae if it gets in the nests and will also attack and eat isolated workers . many species of spiders are also predators . many bird species , including
( conway , 1996a ; conway , 1997 ; heikkinen , 1999 ; henderson and akre , 1986 ; mciver , et al . , 1997 ; weber , 1935 )
is a mutualist with many species . honeydew plays a significant role in this species ' diet . in exchange for collecting and eating honeydew from the insects that it tends , it protects the insects from other predators and parasitoids . it also destroys insects that have been parasitized before the parasitoid completes development . the
. all life stages of this beetle can be found within the thatch . the exact relationship is uncertain , as the ants do not seem to get anything out of the beetles presence and do not even seem to notice them . the beetles can also survive in the thatch without the ants . other
species . larvae of these arthropods often use the thatch or chambers in the nest for hibernation or development and feed on decaying matter . the ants largely ignore them .
( conway , 1997 ; erickson , et al . , 2012 ; grinath , et al . , 2012 ; henderson and akre , 1986 ; mico , et al . , 2000 ; risch , et al . , 2008 ; seibert , 1992 ; seibert , 1993 )
nests . ants are aggressive toward the crickets and will attack if they realize the crickets are there . however , crickets have learned to imitate the way ants use their antennae to identify other individuals and trick the ants into allowing the crickets to stay . crickets even participate in trophallaxis with the ants . the ants do not seem to gain any benefits from the crickets ' presence , while the crickets get shelter , food , and will even attempt to eat larvae if given access . other ant species have also been documented living in the nests of
( conway , 1996a ; henderson and akre , 1986 ; mico , et al . , 2000 ; risch , et al . , 2008 )
plays a variety of other roles in the ecosystem . it is prey to a variety of insects and bird species . it also feeds on a large number of other insect species . ectoparasitic mites of genus
are often found on both workers and sexuals , often in the joints of the legs . the wasp
workers . the wasp lays eggs in the abdomens of worker ants , killing the ants upon hatching . as a significant aphid - tending ant species ,
can play a role in determining the density of other arthropods and herbivores in their habitat . in some habitats , such as a coastal dune habitat ,
is a keystone species . it reduces competing herbivores on the aphid - infested plants , while also increasing arthropod density by creating new shelters by rolling leaves on which the aphids live .
is also known to collect seeds and bring them back to the nest . it eats the edible part and stores the rest of the seed in chambers of the nest . these chambers can often be a good habitat for the plant to grow and develop , allowing the ant to aid in seed dispersal .
colonies likely eat insects and other arthropods that can be pests to their habitat ( particularly forest defoliators ) , as well as insects that could be pests to humans .
angela miner ( author ) , animal diversity web staff , leila siciliano martina ( editor ) , animal diversity web staff .
living in the nearctic biogeographic province , the northern part of the new world . this includes greenland , the canadian arctic islands , and all of the north american as far south as the highlands of central mexico .
having body symmetry such that the animal can be divided in one plane into two mirror - image halves . animals with bilateral symmetry have dorsal and ventral sides , as well as anterior and posterior ends . synapomorphy of the bilateria .
used loosely to describe any group of organisms living together or in close proximity to each other - for example nesting shorebirds that live in large colonies . more specifically refers to a group of organisms in which members act as specialized subunits ( a continuous , modular society ) - as in clonal organisms .
in deserts low ( less than 30 cm per year ) and unpredictable rainfall results in landscapes dominated by plants and animals adapted to aridity . vegetation is typically sparse , though spectacular blooms may occur following rain . deserts can be cold or warm and daily temperates typically fluctuate . in dune areas vegetation is also sparse and conditions are dry . this is because sand does not hold water well so little is available to plants . in dunes near seas and oceans this is compounded by the influence of salt in the air and soil . salt limits the ability of plants to take up water through their roots .
particles of organic material from dead and decomposing organisms . detritus is the result of the activity of decomposers ( organisms that decompose organic material ) .
forest biomes are dominated by trees , otherwise forest biomes can vary widely in amount of precipitation and seasonality .
having a body temperature that fluctuates with that of the immediate environment ; having no mechanism or a poorly developed mechanism for regulating internal body temperature .
the state that some animals enter during winter in which normal physiological processes are significantly reduced , thus lowering the animal ' s energy requirements . the act or condition of passing winter in a torpid or resting state , typically involving the abandonment of homoiothermy in mammals .
a species whose presence or absence strongly affects populations of other species in that area such that the extirpation of the keystone species in an area will result in the ultimate extirpation of many more species in that area ( example : sea otter ) .
a large change in the shape or structure of an animal that happens as the animal grows . in insects ,
incomplete metamorphosis
is when young animals are similar to adults and change gradually into the adult form , and
complete metamorphosis
is when there is a profound change between larval and adult forms . butterflies have complete metamorphosis , grasshoppers have incomplete metamorphosis .
the area in which the animal is naturally found , the region in which it is endemic .
reproduction in which eggs are released by the female ; development of offspring occurs outside the mother ' s body .
many forms .
a species is polymorphic if its individuals can be divided into two or more easily recognized groups , based on structure , color , or other similar characteristics . the term only applies when the distinct groups can be found in the same area ; graded or clinal variation throughout the range of a species ( e . g . a north - to - south decrease in size ) is not polymorphism . polymorphic characteristics may be inherited because the differences have a genetic basis , or they may be the result of environmental influences . we do not consider sexual differences ( i . e . sexual dimorphism ) , seasonal changes ( e . g . change in fur color ) , or age - related changes to be polymorphic . polymorphism in a local population can be an adaptation to prevent density - dependent predation , where predators preferentially prey on the most common morph .
that region of the earth between 23 . 5 degrees north and 60 degrees north ( between the tropic of cancer and the arctic circle ) and between 23 . 5 degrees south and 60 degrees south ( between the tropic of capricorn and the antarctic circle ) .
a terrestrial biome . savannas are grasslands with scattered individual trees that do not form a closed canopy . extensive savannas are found in parts of subtropical and tropical africa and south america , and in australia .
a grassland with scattered trees or scattered clumps of trees , a type of community intermediate between grassland and forest . see also tropical savanna and grassland biome .
a terrestrial biome found in temperate latitudes ( > 23 . 5° n or s latitude ) . vegetation is made up mostly of grasses , the height and species diversity of which depend largely on the amount of moisture available . fire and grazing are important in the long - term maintenance of grasslands .
berg - binder , m . , a . suarez . 2012 . testing the directed dispersal hypothesis : are native ant mounds (
fraser , a . , a . axen , n . pierce . 2001 . assessing the quality of different ant species as partners of a myrmecophilous butterfly .
grinath , j . , b . inouye , n . underwood , i . billick . 2012 . the indirect consequences of a mutualism : comparing positive and negative components of the net interaction between honeydew - tending ants and host plants .
herbers , j . 1979 . caste - biased polyethism in a mound - building ant species .
) with a key to the known larvae and a review of the larval biology .
seibert , t . 1993 . a nectar - secreting gall wasp and ant mutualism - selection and counter - selection shaping gall wasp phenology , fecundity , and persistence .
tilman , d . 1978 . cherries , ants and tent caterpillars : timing of nectar production in relation to susceptibility of caterpillars to ant predation .
disclaimer : the animal diversity web is an educational resource written largely by and for college students . adw doesn ' t cover all species in the world , nor does it include all the latest scientific information about organisms we describe . though we edit our accounts for accuracy , we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts . while adw staff and contributors provide references to books and websites that we believe are reputable , we cannot necessarily endorse the contents of references beyond our control .
this material is based upon work supported by the national science foundation grants drl 0089283 , drl 0628151 , due 0633095 , drl 0918590 , and due 1122742 . additional support has come from the marisla foundation , um college of literature , science , and the arts , museum of zoology , and information and technology services .
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emery , 1893k pdf : 650 ( q . m . ) ; wheeler & wheeler , 1953c pdf : 165 ( l . ) ; hung , 1969 pdf : 456 ( k . ) .
ward , p . s . , 2005 , a synoptic review of the ants of california ( hymenoptera : formicidae ) . , zootaxa 936 , pp . 1 - 68
12 times found in shrub steppe , 2 times found in sagebrush , 6 times found in conifer forest , 5 times found in aspen forest , 2 times found in lodgepole pine forest , 0 times found in pinyon - cedar woodland , 0 times found in shortgrass prairie , 3 times found in riparian willow in sagebrush desert , 2 times found in aspen grove , 0 times found in black oak dunes , . . .
101 times search , 0 times thatched nest , 11 times hand collecting , 1 times under rock , 0 times roadside , 0 times thached nest , 0 times thatch nest of pine needles , 0 times nest in thatch mound , 1 times observation , 0 times on sand by anthill , 0 times thatched log , . . .
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from urltoken
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antweb is funded from private donations and from grants from the national science foundation , deb - 0344731 , ef - 0431330 and deb - 0842395 . c : 1
12 times found in shrub steppe , 2 times found in sagebrush , 6 times found in conifer forest , 5 times found in aspen forest , 2 times found in lodgepole pine forest , 0 times found in pinyon - cedar woodland , 0 times found in shortgrass prairie , 0 times found in black oak dunes , 2 times found in shrub steppe / aspen , 4 times found in sparse conifer woods , . . .
101 times search , 0 times thatched nest , 11 times hand collecting , 1 times under rock , 0 times roadside , 0 times thatch nest of pine needles , 0 times thached nest , 1 times observation , 0 times on sand by anthill , 0 times thatched log , 0 times grassy bench , . . .
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upcoming events 2018 bugguide gathering in virginia july 27 - 29 : registration and discussion photos of insects and people from the 2015 gathering in wisconsin , july 10 - 12 photos of insects and people from the 2014 gathering in virginia , june 4 - 7 . photos of insects and people from the 2013 gathering in arizona , july 25 - 28 photos of insects and people from the 2012 gathering in alabama photos of insects and people from the 2011 gathering in iowa photos from the 2010 workshop in grinnell , iowa photos from the 2009 gathering in washington
- bristles on all surfaces of hind tibiae ( but few or none on scapes ( cf . f . oreas )
- cross section of clypeus gently curved or curved with broadly obtuse medial angle ( cf . trapezoidal cross section of f . obscuriventris clypeus )
habitat changes from east to west - - sandy prairie and oak savanna ( michigan to minnesota , also iowa and way - northern missouri ) , dry - mesic tallgrass prairie ( nebraska , dakotas , canadian prairie provinces ) , mid - grass prairie , usually + / - riparian grassland ( western dakotas to new mexico ) , sagebrush / rabbitbrush steppe ( alberta to new mexico and great basin ) , conifer woodland and forest ( northern , incl . canadian rockies to washington and british columbia ) .
wheeler , g . c . ; wheeler , j . 1963 . the ants of north dakota . grand forks , north dakota : university of north dakota press , viii + 326 pp .
contributed by robin mcleod on 12 september , 2005 - 3 : 12am additional contributions by james c . trager last updated 19 august , 2014 - 11 : 22am
disclaimer : dedicated naturalists volunteer their time and resources here to provide this service . we strive to provide accurate information , but we are mostly just amateurs attempting to make sense of a diverse natural world . if you need expert professional advice , contact your local extension office .
contributors own the copyright to and are solely responsible for contributed content . click the contributor ' s name for licensing and usage information . everything else copyright © 2003 - 2018 iowa state university , unless otherwise noted .
that would be my guess as well , but i ' m not an ant expert .
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bradley ga , hinks jd ( 1968 ) ants , aphids , and jack pine in manitoba . can entomol 100 : 40–50
( forel ) and its influence on arthropoda of jack pine . m . s . thesis . michigan state university , east lansing , michigan , 117 pp ( unpublished )
holldobler b , wilson e ( 1990 ) the ants . the belknap press of harvard university press , cambridge , massachusetts , 732 pp
wilson eo ( 1971 ) the insect societies . the belknap press of harvard university press , cambridge , massachusetts , 548 pp
( forel ) ( hymenoptera : formicidae ) . in : capinera j . l . ( eds ) encyclopedia of entomology . springer , dordrecht
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disclaimer : itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available , and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties . however , it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes . while every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and up - to - date information available , ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in provisions of treaties to which the united states is a party , wildlife statutes , regulations , and any applicable notices that have been published in the federal register . for further information on u . s . legal requirements with respect to protected taxa , please contact the u . s . fish and wildlife service .
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discuss anything related to ants from keeping them as pets to removing them as pests .
this area contains observers ' notes , photographs / pictures , and / or videos detailing field observations on ants . think of this as a collection of diaries / journals / logs ( please put exact date and location in the thread titles ) for observation . put locality information of the ant occurrences . any additional details on habitat ( soil , vegetation ) , microhabitat ( nest site ) , prey , other species interactions , weather conditions , etc . will also be welcome . basically , post details ! use keeping ants area for documenting on keeping ants . also , this area includes all kinds of sightings like nuptial flight , ant identifications , and even on the television ( tv ) , movie screens , and internet .
hello . welcome to the message board . wonderful post ( very clean ) .
? also , be sure to search and read the other forum threads . your questions might had been answered already .
still we live meanly , like ants ; . . . like pygmies we fight with cranes ; . . . our life is frittered away by detail . simplify . . . simplify . . .
- - henry thoreau
/ \ _ _ _ / \ / / \ / \ \ ant ( aka antdude ) , your host & fearless overlord | | o o | | \ _ / < ! - - ezcode link start - - > < a href =
urltoken
> the ant farm < / a > < ! - - ezcode link end - - > , < ! - - ezcode link start - - > < a href =
urltoken
> ant ' s quality foraged links ( aqfl ) < / a > < ! - - ezcode link end - - > , and this < ! - - ezcode link start - - > < a href =
urltoken
> forum < / a > < ! - - ezcode link end - - > . ( )
ant ( dude ) @ the ant farm ( urltoken / urltoken ) and here ( urltoken ) . quote of the week :
i got worms ! that ' s what we ' re going to call it . we ' re going to specialize in selling worm farms . you know like ant farms . what ' s the matter , a little tense about the flight ?
- - lloyd christmas ( dumb and dumber movie )
well , the faq does tell me that the queens should be larger than the males , and have wider gasters . but i didn ' t find there whether i ' d have better luck looking on the nest or if i have to search out their nuptial ground .
i wouldn ' t keep your eyes out for just one species , odds are you wont find that 1 species . ive been looking for pheidole alates , for the past year and a half , but never can find them . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ my website tetramorium caespitum blog
i was going to start my queen with a couple dozen workers from the big nest - - they ' re polygynous and the fertilized queens often return to the nest . the nests also bud into satellite colonies .
actually , you need to find one that has shed her wings . otherwise , it is unlikely she will be fertile .
this area contains general tricks and information on ant rearing . also included are people ' s journals / diaries / logs on raising their ant colonies . some of them even have pictures and videos .
last edited by engwinner on june 3rd , 2010 , 1 : 12 am , edited 4 times in total .
big , healthy ant colonies . shipping worldwide since 2009 , we are creators of premium , museum standard formicariums and products .
i agree , such detailed observations ! looking forward to the next episode . ( :
awesome work , adoption successful so far ! they are pretty ants too . i ' ll be waiting with popcorn handy on your next entry .
very cool ! i myself just dug up an entire colony and have them in a bucket currently . i ' d like to do the same thing with another colony but put them in a clear fish tank instead . i purchased some fluon that works really well in keeping them in . if you ' re interested i could give you some one of these days ( you were in the puget sound region no ? ) .
i can ' t believe it ! i just caught a queen of the same species ( just posted here : urltoken i live in surrey - bc . i had no clue these queens did not start their own colonies . it appears my test tube setup will be futile . hmmm , perhaps i should release her ? or i could try what you did . so after they accept her as a queen , will you move them to another nest ? when do you think she will begin producing offspring ? i often see these ants build nests out of bark , and chips - do you think they would like a plaster mold ? cheers ,
the oil may or may not have helped , engwinner , but i certainly wouldn ' t leave the ants in it , as it could gunk up their integuments . adding pupae from a nest of this species may be the fastest way to increase colony size , until the queen starts laying .
doctorant wrote : adding pupae from a nest of this species may be the fastest way to increase colony size , until the queen starts laying .
dont thatch ants place hard tree sap on there mounds to keep them ' clean ' ? . maybe they might show interest in small bits . and half needles . i would suspect they would use other material then needles to make there nest also . take a small amount of the large wild nest and see what its fully composed of . unless you already haven ' t ! lol . good luck i really hope they work out . this species is really fascinating .
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these ants are obvious because of their large size , sometimes very large , organic nest - mounds , and colony populations in the tens , or hundreds of thousands . the worker caste is polymorphic , so large and small individuals ( majors and minors ) can be observed foraging , and performing other tasks .
in some cases , groupings of related nests form enormous supercolonies . one of these assemblages in oregon , usa , included 201 active nests , and an estimated population of over 56 million ants .


nemophora cassiterites is a moth of the adelidae family or fairy longhorn moths .

it was described by edward meyrick in 1907 .

it is found in india .

nemophora cassiterites

126 . nemonoxacin ( 1 ) 127 . nemontemi ( 1 ) 128 . nemonychidae ( 1 ) 129 . nemonymous ( 1 ) 130 . nemopanthus ( 1 ) 131 . nemopanthus mucronatus ( 1 ) 132 . nemophas ammiralis ( 1 ) 133 . nemophas batoceroides ( 1 ) 134 . nemophas bicinctus ( 1 ) 135 . nemophas cyanescens ( 1 ) 136 . nemophas tomentosus ( 1 ) 137 . nemophila aphylla ( 1 ) 138 . nemophila menziesii ' penny black ( 1 ) 139 . nemophila menziesii penny black ( 1 ) 140 . nemophila pedunculata ( 1 ) 141 . nemophiliac ( 1 ) 142 . nemophora ( 1 ) 143 . nemophora barbatellus ( 1 ) 144 . nemophora cassiterites ( 1 ) 145 . nemophora humilis ( 1 ) 146 . nemophora molella ( 1 ) 147 . nemophora ochsenheimerella ( 1 ) 148 . nemopilema ( 1 ) 149 . nemopilema nomurai ( 1 ) 150 . nemopipouche ( 1 )
nemophora - species dictionary - global : ispot nature - your place to share nature . ispot is a website aimed at helping anyone identify anything in nature . once you ' ve registered , you can add an observation to the website and suggest an identification yourself or see if anyone else can identify it for you .
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insect systematics & evolution . ( ejournal / emagazine , 2000 ) [ worldcat . org ]
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i thought you might be interested in this item at urltoken title : insect systematics & evolution . publisher : stenstrup , denmark : apollo books , 2000 - isbn / issn : 1399 - 560x oclc : 526026810
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insect systematics & evolution . / societas entomologica scandinavica . ; ; stenstrup , denmark : apollo books , 2000 -
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101 . nemoda boolya ( 1 ) 102 . nemode ( 1 ) 103 . nemoderma ( 1 ) 104 . nemodermatales ( 1 ) 105 . nemoe ( 1 ) 106 . nemoe karma ( 1 ) 107 . nemoed ( 1 ) 108 . nemoede ( 1 ) 109 . nemognathinae ( 1 ) 110 . nemoid ( 1 ) 111 . nemojov ( 1 ) 112 . nemokitty ( 1 ) 113 . nemoleontinae ( 1 ) 114 . nemolite ( 1 ) 115 . nemom ( 1 ) 116 . nemom railway station ( 1 ) 117 . nemoma ( 1 ) 118 . nemon oscar ( 1 ) 119 . nemonapride ( 1 ) 120 . nemond ( 1 ) 121 . nemone ( 1 ) 122 . nemone metaxas ( 1 ) 123 . nemonia ( 1 ) 124 . nemonimity ( 1 ) 125 . nemonite invasion ( 1 )
176 . nemourid ( 1 ) 177 . nemourids ( 1 ) 178 . nemours auguste ( 1 ) 179 . nemours count ( 1 ) 180 . nemours foundation ( 1 ) 181 . nemours gaston de foix duc de ( 1 ) 182 . nemours jean - baptiste ( 1 ) 183 . nemours jean baptiste ( 1 ) 184 . nemours mansion and gardens ( 1 ) 185 . nemours pierre - louis ( 1 ) 186 . nemours pierre louis ( 1 ) 187 . nemowib ( 1 ) 188 . nemoć ( 1 ) 189 . nemožný ( 1 )