peloridium hammoniorum is a species of moss bug from southern south america , and is the only known species in the genus peloridium .

it was first described in 1897 by gustav breddin from a specimen found at puerto toro on navarin island in tierra del fuego .

a swedish expedition collected a second specimen in a forest on the brunswick peninsula near punta arenas , chile , and haglund unknowingly described it as a new genus and species ( nordenskjoldiella insignis ) , but it later proved to be a sub-brachypterous female corresponding with the macropterous male described by breddin .

peloridium hammoniorum is the only peloridiidae that has both a flying and a flightless form , all others have only flightless forms .

peloridium hammoniorum

breddin . 1897 . in michaelsen [ ed . ] . ergebnisse der hamburger magalhaensischen sammelreise , 1892 / 93 , 2 . 10 > > note : original description > > peloridium hammoniorum urn : lsid : coleorrhyncha . speciesfile . org : taxonname : 132
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to cite this page : myers , p . , r . espinosa , c . s . parr , t . jones , g . s . hammond , and t . a . dewey . 2018 . the animal diversity web ( online ) . accessed at https : / / animaldiversity . org .
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pohlia cruda ( hedw . ) lindb . ( bryaceae ) according to burckhardt ( 2009 ) [ confirmed ]
polytrichum strictum menzies ex brid . ( polytrichaceae ) according to burckhardt ( 2009 ) [ confirmed ]
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the long-toed skink , oligosoma longipes , is a species of skink of the family scincidae , endemic to new zealand .

it was first described by geoff patterson in 1997 .

it is only known from a few sites in the south island of new zealand and little is known of its habits .

it seems to prefer dry , rocky habitats , usually eroding stream terraces or scree slopes .

it is diurnal and heliothermic .

maximum snout-vent length is about 70 mm .

long - toed skink

rangitata skink : discovered in canterbury early this year during a doc survey . much larger relative of the long - toed skink . chestnut brown with very prominent pale stripes . indications are it is a distinct species that does not interbreed with the long - toed skink despite occupying same habitat .
from latin “longus” ( = long ) and latin “pes” ( = foot ) , referring to the long toes .
long - toed skink . it is only been found in a few sites in the south island of new zealand and little is known of its habits . it seems to prefer dry , … | pinteres…
the long - toed skink ( oligosoma longipes ) is a small to medium endemic skink that grows up to 67mm long its dorsal ( back ) is grey - brown , with distinctive paler and dark spots and flecks and rudimentary darker strip down the middle of its back . the sides have a broad dark - coloured stripe edged with pale , notched stripes . the belly is grey with dark speckles . its most distinctive feature is exceptionally long toes and tail .
while five species had improved their threat status in the past five years , the mackenzie basin and long - toed skink ' s status increased due to potential threats from rabbit - driven predator irruptions as well as the new threat of dairy conversion destroying habitat .
long - toed skink , oligosoma longipes patterson , 1997 , collected 08 feb 1972 , alma river , 3 miles e of tarndale , new zealand . gift of landcare research – manaaki whenua , 2012 . cc by - nc - nd licence . te papa ( re . 004973 )
. . . several smaller skink species ( southern grass skink o . aff . polychroma clade 5 ( formerly called common skink ) , mccann ' s skink o . maccanni and cryptic skink o . inconspicuum ; nomenclature based on hitchmough et al . ( 2013 ) and bell ( 2014 ) ) are common in this region . in 2006 , we used artificial retreats ( also known as cover boards or artificial cover objects ) to sample these small skinks in three different predator management treatments at macraes flat ( wilson et al . 2007 ) . . . .
whirinaki skink : discovered last year in a forest clearing in whirinaki and still known only from video footage . appears to be different from all known species . it has a distinct colour pattern ( brown with indistinct long stripes ) , head shape and scale count .
sinbad valley skink : discovered in march in the mountains of fiordland during a survey for geckos . large , spectacularly coloured and unlike any other known species – black with green spots on the back and salmon - pink spots on the sides . unusually long toes and tail .
new zealand has a diverse , endemic skink fauna , which is recognised as the most species rich skink assemblage of any cool temperate region on earth . all native new zealand skink species are assigned to a single genus , oligosoma girard . a new species of oligosoma is described from screes in montane tussock grassland in the mid - canterbury high country , new zealand , where it is currently known . . . [ show full abstract ]
they were hopeful they would be able to fulfil their long - term goal of re - establishing populations in the wild but in the meantime they need protection from predators , prof burns said .
since the recovery programme had been in place , skink numbers had improved in managed situations such as within enclosures and areas were predators numbers were controlled .
among those were skink populations in the west of the south island which while the same species were genetically different , but not much was known about their status or range .
the purpose of this application , under article 75 . 6 of the code , is to conserve the specific name of the name oligosoma aeneum ( girard , 1857 ) , widely used for a species of new zealand skink , commonly known as the copper skink . we have found tiliqua ornata gray , 1843 ( currently oligosoma ornatum ) to be a senior subjective synonym and the oldest available name for this species . the name . . . [ show full abstract ]
te kakahu skink : discovered in 2002 on an island in fiordland . so far has only be found in one small area of low , open vegetation at the top of a cliff . has distinct colour pattern differences to other species , and different scale counts .
grand and otago skink recovery programme chairwoman prof carolyn burns , of the university of otago , said she thoroughly agreed with the classification which considered the population had not yet progressed far enough to off - set the declines in other parts of the species ' ranges .
we have at least 80 species and subspecies of lizard that we know of and we are still finding more . in the past two and a half years , we believe four new species of skink and three new species of gecko have been discovered . two of these species were spotted for the first time this year .
. . . gemmeus ; mccann 1955 ) is a moderate - sized ( total length up to 160 mm ) , diurnal , cryptic , arboreal lizard , only found in the southeast of the south island , new zealand ( jewell & mcqueen , 2007 ) . it is one of nine species of the endemic genus naultinus and is ranked ' at risk , declining ' according to the threat classification system of the new zealand department of conservation ( doc ; hitchmough et al . , 2013 ) . jewelled geckos are long - lived , viviparous geckos and produce a maximum of two offspring per year ( cree , 1994 ) . . . .
being cold - blooded , it needs warmth to digest food and is commonly seen basking in the sun on warm rocks . as it was only discovered in 1997 , little is known about it .
commonly found in the stomach contents predators . any conservation work to reduce the number of pest mammals is likely to benefit them
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seven entirely new species of lizard have been discovered in new zealand in the past two and a half years .
the discoveries made in both the north and south islands were announced today by conservation minister chris carter to kick off this year ' s conservation week ( august 2 - 7 ) .
few people realise that in addition to our unique native bird life , weta and giant snails , new zealand is home to a wider variety of lizards than almost any other temperate country in the world . this is a consequence of our environment being isolated from other land masses for 85 million years ,
mr carter said .
the fact we continue to discover so many new species demonstrates how much we still have to learn about what lives around us , and our impact upon them ,
mr carter said .
mount benson gecko / split rostral gecko : these probable new species were found in the kahurangi national park , the first in 2002 , and the other in 2003 . they appear to be quite different from other species , and each other . the split rostral species differs from all other geckos in the world , not just new zealand , because the scale at the tip of its nose is divided in two . genetic studies are now being made of these species .
moke valley gecko : discovered in the south island high country during tenure review in 2002 . a large robust gecko , which genetic tests have established is different from a similar gecko species discovered near wanaka in 1997 .
type locality : alma river , 5 km east of tarndale , marlborough , 173° 05’ e , 42° 10’ s .
hitchmough , rodney a . ; geoffrey b . patterson , and david g . chapple 2016 . putting a name to diversity : taxonomy of the new zealand lizard fauna in : chapple , d . g . ( ed ) . new zealand lizards . springer , pp . 87 - 108 - get paper here
patterson , g . b . 1997 . south island skinks of the genus oligosoma : description of o . longipes n . sp . with redescription of o . otagense ( mccann ) and o . waimatense ( mccann ) . journal of the royal society of new zealand 27 ( 4 ) : 439 - 450 .
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a revision of the threat status of new zealand ' s reptiles has shown otago and grand skinks have recovered dramatically in managed areas at macraes flat , while other populations continue to decline .
however , the recovery did not yet meet the threshold for their threat classification to change , a study in the new zealand journal of zoology says .
the two species were among the six assessed as being at greatest risk of extinction ( nationally critical ) and all were from the south island , in the study led by the department of conservation .
we ' re optimistic . it ' s good news they are showing a response .
the status of the population as a whole , particularly those which were not within those controlled areas remained in the high risk categories , she said .
managing the populations was slow and expensive work due to the skinks slow reproductive rate .
the study said despite considering public submissions on otago peninsula ' s jewelled gecko suggesting it was taxonomically distinct , it listed as at risk - declining due to numerous records of the skinks in canterbury and western otago .
( pdf ) conservation status of new zealand reptiles , 2012 . new zealand threat classification series 2
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conservation status of new zealand reptiles , 2012 . new zealand threat classification series 2
the conservation status of all known new zealand reptile taxa was reassessed using the new zealand threat classification system ( nztcs ) . a full list is presented , along with a statistical summary and brief notes on the most important changes . this list replaces all previous nztcs lists for reptiles .
assessed in 2009 ( hitchmough et al . 2010 ) and 2012 ( this document ) .
able 3 . statistical summary of status changes of reptiles between 2009 ( hitchmough et al . 2010 ) and 2012
. . . not dependent on alpine habitat ( facultative user ) . only three species are obligate users of the alpine zone ( i . e . restricted to it for at least part of their life history ) : hutton ' s shearwaters ( puffinus huttoni ) , takahē ( porphyrio hochstetteri ) and rock wrens ( xenicus gilviventris ) . hutton ' s shearwaters goodman et al . 2013 ; robertson et al . 2013 ; hitchmough et al . 2016 . 2 . dependence on alpine zone : obligate = restricted to the alpine zone for at least part of its life history ; primary = lives in a range of lowland , montane and alpine habitats but the alpine zone is an important habitat ; facultative = can occur incidentally or locally in the alpine zone but is not dependent on it . 3 . use code : f = feed , . . .
. . . about 75 % of alpine lizards are threatened or at risk ( table 1 ; hitchmough et al . 2016 ) but as with other alpine species groups , there are few data on impacts of predators on alpine lizards . there is a perception that high altitude lizard sites are rarely visited by mammalian predators ( patterson & bell 2009 ) . . . .
. . . recaptured animals were released quickly after recording their toe - code . otago skinks , which are nationally endangered ( hitchmough et al . 2013 ) , were released promptly with no marking or measuring . . . .
. . . furthermore , some species statuses have improved over time with conservation management that has included , but has not been restricted to , fenced subpopulations ( gummer et al . , 2015 ) . for example , the conservation status of otago oligisoma otagense and grand skinks o . grande improved from nationally critical to nationally endangered between 2009 and 2012 as a result of successful conservation management that included protecting some populations within pest - proof fenced areas and others in areas subject to landscape - scale predator control networks ( reardon et al . , 2012 ; hitchmough et al . , 2013 ) , although the former remains endangered on the iucn red list ( chapple , 2010 ) and the latter ' s assessment is out of date . hitchmough ( 2013 ) solid lines indicate causal relationships and / or feedbacks while dotted lines indicate actions . . . .
. . . data ) implying that no males remained in the release area or were available for mating , we suspect that the likelihood and / or speed of population growth and establishment may be hampered when a pen is not used for naultinus gecko translocations . a secondary advantage of penning is that it assists monitoring of the translocated population during the initial stages of population establishment and can provide invaluable information on poorly known taxa ( which is the case for many new zealand lizards ; hare et al . , 2007 ; hitchmough et al . , 2013 ) . little is published on the movement patterns of either natural or translocated populations of naultinus geckos , but available information suggests substantial variability among species and populations . . . .
. . . they are therefore a difficult taxonomic group for which to obtain data on distribution and population size . as such , 41 % of new zealand ' s lizards are considered ' data poor ' and 4 % are so rarely encountered that their conservation status cannot be determined and they are considered ' data deficient ' ( townsend et al . 2008 ; hitchmough et al . 2013 ) . lizards have traditionally been surveyed and / or monitored by active searches ( whitaker 1967 ; todd 2005 ) , pitfall trapping ( whitaker 1982 ) and , more recently , the use of artificial retreats ( lettink & cree 2007 ; wilson et al . 2007 ) and funnel traps ( barr 2009 ; gebauer 2009 ) . . . .
. . . once widespread in central otago ( south island , new zealand ) , these skinks have declined dramatically over the past century and now occupy only 8–10 % of their former range ( whitaker & loh 1995 ) . the species is now classified as ' nationally endangered ' ( hitchmough et al . 2013 ) . the only extant populations are present near the boundaries of their former range in the macraes flat and lindis / hawea districts ( whitaker & loh 1995 ) . . . .
. . . granulatus ' southern forest ' , and toropuku aff . stephensi ' coromandel ' ) ( hitchmough et al . 2013 ) . . . .
a new species of scincid lizard in the genus oligosoma ( reptilia : scincidae ) from the mid - canterbury . . .
case 3510 cyclodina aenea girard , 1857 ( currently oligosoma aeneum ; reptilia , squamata , scincidae ) : . . .
new zealand ' s diverse lizard fauna is under threat , particularly from predation by invasive mammals and ongoing habitat destruction . advances in genetic techniques have greatly enhanced our understanding of the lizard fauna . previously sparse island populations of species have recovered strongly following eradication of pest mammals and translocations of lizards to newly mammal - free islands . . . [ show full abstract ]


the rio branco antbird ( cercomacra carbonaria ) is a bird species in the family thamnophilidae .

it is found in roraima .

it is severely threatened by habitat loss .

it was listed as near threatened on the iucn red list in 2008 .

in 2012 , it was assessed as critically endangered by birdlife international , which says the species likely to go extinct in twenty years if deforestation continues at its current pace .

rio branco antbird

rio branco antbird ( cercomacra carbonaria ) is a species of bird in the thamnophilidae family .
the rio branco antbird is classified as critically endangered ( cr ) on the iucn red list ( 1 ) .
information on the rio branco antbird ( cercomacra carbonaria ) is currently being researched and written and will appear here shortly .
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rio branco antbird the rio branco antbird ( cercomacra carbonaria ) is a species of bird in the thamnophilidae family . it is found in brazil and guyana . its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical moist shrubland . it is threatened by habitat loss . see more at wikipedia . org . . . more
the rio branco antbird is classified as near threatened ( nt ) , is close to qualifying for or is likely to qualify for a threatened category in the near future .
photo 1 : the critically endangered rio branco antbird ( cercomacra carbonaria ) © mikael bauer . photo 2 : the rarotonga monarch ( pomarea dimidiata ) © hugh robertson . both courtesy of iucn
the rio branco antbird was for long considered a brazilian endemic , where it is restricted to the middle rio branco and its tributaries , in the northernmost state of roraima , but it has very recently also been found to marginally range into adjacent southwest guyana , along the ireng river . the species was formerly considered to globally threatened ( vulnerable ) , but has relatively recently been re - listed as near threatened , based on a better knowledge of its distribution , which has also proved to be more widespread within brazil in the last decade . like several other cercomacra , the rio branco antbird prefers very dense , vine - laden gallery forests , as well as those on river islands , and is usually observed in pairs . its plumage ( black in males ) suggests that it forms a species group with the jet antbird ( cercomacra nigricans ) , mato grosso antbird ( cercomacra melanaria ) and the bananal antbird ( cercomacra ferdinandi ) .
among the species at risk in the amazon are the now - critically endangered rio branco antbird ( cercomacra carbonaria ) , which was listed as
near threatened
just four years ago . according to birdlife , the species has a very small range in brazil and guyana . the construction of new roads in the antbird ' s habitat has made it easier to clear land for cattle ranching and soy production . according to current projections , the antbird ' s habitat will disappear completely in 20 years .
birdlife also downgraded the hoary - throated spinetail ( synallaxis kollari ) from the same rio branco region of brazil and guyana from
endangered
to
critically endangered .
the organization says the bird has just 206 square kilometers of suitable habitat , which could shrink 83 . 5 percent in the next 11 years .
possible relationships of the rio branco antbird to other species in the genus . received 15 aug . 1996 , accepted 20 feb . 1996 . = as currently recognized , the genus cercomacra consists of 12 species ( sibley and monroe 1993 , bierregaard et al . 1997 , graves 1997 ) of me - dium - sized antbirds . the genus is poorly known , as evidenced by the discovery of two new species of cercomacra and the elevation of another subspecies to species in the last decade ( fitzpatrick and willard 1990 , bierregaard et al 1997 , graves 1997 ) . more
deforestation in the amazon has put nearly 100 bird species at greater risk of extinction , the international union for conservation of nature announced ( iucn ) on thursday . the news comes in conjunction with the release of the 2012 update on the world ' s bird species for the iucn red list of threatened species , data for which is compiled and updated every four years by conservation group birdlife international .
in a prepared release about the red list update , birdlife blamed brazil ' s recently weakened forest code for increasing the rate of deforestation in that country . the new laws , a portion of which brazil president dilma rousseff vetoed in may , lowered the amount of forested land that farmers and ranchers are required to keep on their properties . leon bennun , birdlife director of science , policy and information , warned :
we have previously underestimated the risk of extinction that many of amazonia ' s bird species are facing .
he also said ,
the situation may be even worse than recent studies have predicted .
the 2012 red list update covers more than 10 , 000 bird species , 197 of which are listed as
critically endangered .
an additional 389 species are listed as
endangered ,
727 as
vulnerable ,
and 880 as
near threatened .
only two species had their red list categories improved in this update . one of them , the rarotonga monarch ( pomarea dimidiata ) , has been upgraded from
endangered
to
vulnerable .
endemic to the cook islands in the south pacific , the monarch was down to its last 35 to 50 birds in 1983 . conservation efforts including a captive breeding program and the removal of alien predators such as black rats from the islands have increased the species ' s population to around 380 individuals .
the other species with a category improvement was the ua pou monarch ( pomarea mira ) of french polynesia . last officially recorded in 1985 , the bird was listed as extinct in 2006 . after an unconfirmed sighting in 2010 , the monarch is now listed by the iucn as
critically endangered ( possibly extinct ) .
that ' s not much of an improvement , but at least it is hope .
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column has run continuously since 2004 and has covered news and science related to more than 1 , 000 endangered species . john lives on the outskirts of portland , ore . , where he finds himself surrounded by animals and cartoonists .
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spoon - billed sandpiper eurynorhynchus pygmeus was uplisted to critically endangered in birdlife ' s 2008 update to the iucn red list . photo : choi soon kyoo
one in eight of the world’s bird species is globally threatened , and the fortunes of some 200 critically endangered species are now so perilous that they are at risk of imminent extinction . birdlife aims to improve the conservation status of all the world ' s birds , and hence species are often the starting point for our scientific research .
the birdlife secretariat is the red list authority for birds on the iucn red list , coordinating the process of evaluating all of the world’s c . 10 , 000 bird species against the red list categories and criteria in order to assess their extinction risk .
our detailed information on the threats to species and actions required helps to shape the conservation action implemented by the birdlife partnership through its preventing extinction programme , as well as by other organisations and initiatives including the alliance for zero extinction .
video story : step into a desert island wilderness , where conservation work for turtles and birds is delivering heartening , long lasting , results : “now the fishermen work with us , they help us count the birds instead of killing them . they even adopt turtle nests . it is a big , big change . ”
new analysis reveals key factors that could help make or break a conservation project , and practitioners in africa and around the world can all benefit from their hard - won lessons .
since the seventies , millions of north american birds have disappeared and a third of species are now of conservation concern , a new report reveals .
scientists and ngos are calling for a ban on veterinary diclofenac after finding it could kill as many as 6 , 000 vultures per year in spain , home to 95 % of the griffon vulture population .
deforestation since the turn of the century has driven at least 500 species of mammals , birds and amphibians closer to extinction , according to a new scientific study published in conservation biology journal .
this species , which has a small range and moderately small population , has been uplisted to critically endangered because a model of future deforestation in the amazon basin predicts that its population will decline extremely rapidly over the next three generations as land is cleared for cattle ranching and soy production , facilitated by expansion of the road network .
recommended citation birdlife international ( 2018 ) species factsheet : cercomacra carbonaria . downloaded from urltoken on 09 / 07 / 2018 . recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species : birdlife international ( 2018 ) iucn red list for birds . downloaded from urltoken on 09 / 07 / 2018 .
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its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical moist shrubland . it is becoming rare due to habitat loss .
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glyphipterix codonias is a species of sedge moths in the genus glyphipterix .

it was described by edward meyrick in 1909 .

it is found in new zealand .

glyphipterix codonias

glyphipterix is a genus of sedge moths . it was described by hübner in 1825 .
glyphipterix is a genus of sedge moths . it was described by hübner in 1825 .
landcare research is the custodian of a number of nationally significant biological and resource collections and databases .
confused by a class within a class or an order within an order ? please see our brief essay .
to cite this page : myers , p . , r . espinosa , c . s . parr , t . jones , g . s . hammond , and t . a . dewey . 2018 . the animal diversity web ( online ) . accessed at https : / / animaldiversity . org .
disclaimer : the animal diversity web is an educational resource written largely by and for college students . adw doesn ' t cover all species in the world , nor does it include all the latest scientific information about organisms we describe . though we edit our accounts for accuracy , we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts . while adw staff and contributors provide references to books and websites that we believe are reputable , we cannot necessarily endorse the contents of references beyond our control .
this material is based upon work supported by the national science foundation grants drl 0089283 , drl 0628151 , due 0633095 , drl 0918590 , and due 1122742 . additional support has come from the marisla foundation , um college of literature , science , and the arts , museum of zoology , and information and technology services .
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urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : 6d9bc114 - c981 - 4fec - be34 - fc9fcf67cd2f
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : a48701b9 - 4bc9 - 4538 - 869b - bf4298f2d589
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : 6906e5a2 - 25bf - 4840 - 8e1a - 6aeb0f2a6656
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eupithecia peregovitsi is a moth in the geometridae family that is endemic to vietnam .

the wingspan is about 25 – 26 millimetres ( 0.98 – 1.02 in ) .

the forewings are pale brown and the hindwings are white .

eupithecia peregovitsi

eupithecia lavicaria fuchs , 1902 ( syn : eupithecia lavicata prout , 1914 ) , described from norway .
ash pug ( angle - barred pug ) ( eupithecia innotata f . fraxinata )
montgomery , sl 1983 . carnivorous caterpillars : the behavior , biogeography and conservation of eupithecia ( lepidoptera : geometridae ) in the hawaiian islands . geojournal 7 ( 6 ) : 549 - 556 . doi : 10 . 1007 / bf00218529
eupithecia is a large genus of moths of the family geometridae . there are hundreds of described species , found in all parts of the world ( 45 in the british isles alone ) , and new species are discovered on a regular basis .
eupithecia species form the bulk of the group commonly known as pugs . they are generally small with muted colours and specific identification can be difficult . as a group they are easily identified by their narrow wings held flat at 90° to the body with the hindwings almost hidden behind the forewings .
the larvae of many species feed on the flowers and seeds of their food plants rather than the foliage . many species have a very specific food plant . some hawaiian eupithecia are predators of other insects ( e . orichloris , e . staurophragma , e . scoriodes ) . they mimic twigs but when sensitive hairs on their backs are triggered , they quickly grab the insects touching them . the defensive behavior of snapping may have pre - adapted hawaii ' s ancestral eupithecia for shifting to predation from feeding on pollen . also , insect predators that behave in this way are lacking in hawaii ' s fauna .
the larvae of many species feed on the flowers and seeds of their food plants rather than the foliage . many species have a very specific food plant . some hawai ' ian eupithecia are predators of other insects ( e . orichloris , e . staurophragma , e . scoriodes ) . they mimic twigs but when sensitive hairs on their backs are triggered , they quickly grab the insects touching them . the defensive behavior of snapping may have pre - adapted hawai ' i ' s ancestral eupithecia for shifting to predation from feeding on pollen . also , insect predators that behave in this way are lacking in hawai ' i ' s fauna .
a taxon identifier is composed of name , author , year and attribute , all separated by a blank . these are all extracted from the original publication .
the name is reproduced exactly as proposed in the original publication . the name of a genus is made up of one word and species made up of two words ( genus and species ) separated by a blank .
the author ' s name is made up of a string of letters , with no blanks , and multiple authors ' names are separated by a comma . spelling of author ' s name is based on the original publication . if there are more than three authors , only the names of the first two authors are shown , followed by
, +
and the number of omitted authors .
attribute is enclosed in square brackets . this is rarely needed , but to differentiate homo - identifiers , this will contain the page , line or plate number of original publication .
all diacritic marks , hyphens , and apostrophes are eliminated , thus only the following characters are used : a to z , a to z , 0 to 9 , blank , comma , and opening and closing square brackets . although upper and lower cases are used for the convenience of human recognition , it is not case sensitive .
created by dicky sick ki yu 1997 - 2012 please send me information about errors and omissions ( contact information ) with supporting references , possibly with pdf or hard copy .
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to date 683 species of macro - moth along with 1159 species of micro - moth have been recorded in norfolk since records began in victorian times . this site aims to provide full details of all the species that occur ( or once occurred ) in norfolk , with photographs , descriptions , flight graphs , latest records , distribution maps and more !
if you have photos of any moths featured on this site , and would like them displayed along with your name and comments . . . please send them in ( any size . jpg images ) .
please consider helping with the running costs of norfolk moths . thank you : - )
underlying maps using digital map data © norfolk online lepidoptera archive - nola™ 2018 . © james wheeler - n o r f o l k m o t h s 2007 - 2018 . data © nola™ 2018
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this article will be permanently flagged as inappropriate and made unaccessible to everyone . are you certain this article is inappropriate ?
chinery , michael ( 1986 ) . collins guide to the insects of britain and western europe ( reprinted 1991 ) .
skinner , bernard ( 1984 ) . colour identification guide to moths of the british isles .
this article was sourced from creative commons attribution - sharealike license ; additional terms may apply . world heritage encyclopedia content is assembled from numerous content providers , open access publishing , and in compliance with the fair access to science and technology research act ( fastr ) , wikimedia foundation , inc . , public library of science , the encyclopedia of life , open book publishers ( obp ) , pubmed , u . s . national library of medicine , national center for biotechnology information , u . s . national library of medicine , national institutes of health ( nih ) , u . s . department of health & human services , and urltoken , which sources content from all federal , state , local , tribal , and territorial government publication portals ( . gov , . mil , . edu ) . funding for urltoken and content contributors is made possible from the u . s . congress , e - government act of 2002 .
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biston mediolata ( n . jiang , d . y . xue & h . x . han , 2011 )
note : many of our articles have direct quotes from sources you can cite , within the wikipedia article ! this article doesn ' t yet , but we ' re working on it ! see more info or our list of citable articles .


it is endemic to mexico and only known from the area of its type locality near ayutla , oaxaca .

its common name is mustache false brook salamander or mustached false brook salamander .

the specific name refers to the whitish protuberances on the lips that resemble a mustache in the frontal view of the male holotype .

pseudoeurycea mystax

pseudoeurycea mystax is a species of salamander in the family plethodontidae . it is endemic to mexico .
pseudoeurycea mystax is a species of salamander in the plethodontidae family . it is endemic to mexico .
pseudoeurycea ( pseudoeurycea ) lineola — dubois and raffaëlli , 2012 , alytes , 28 : 77 - 161 .
iucn ssc amphibian specialist group 2016 . pseudoeurycea mystax . the iucn red list of threatened species 2016 : e . t59388a53983330 . urltoken
parra olea , g . & wake , d . 2004 . pseudoeurycea mystax . 2006 iucn red list of threatened species . downloaded on 23 july 2007 .
pseudoeurycea unguidentis is a species of salamander in the plethodontidae family . it is endemic to mexico .
new salamanders of the plethodontid genus pseudoeurycea from the sierra madre del sur of mexico . american museum novitates ; no . 2314
parra olea , g . & wake , d . 2004 . pseudoeurycea unguidentis . 2006 iucn red list of threatened species . downloaded on 23 july 2007 .
reviewed by tanner and dundee , 2000 , cat . am . amph . rept . , 705 : 1–5 ( as lineatriton lineolus prior to the naming of lineatriton orchimelas and lineatriton orchileucos ) . parra - olea and wake , 2001 , proc . natl . acad . sci . usa , 98 : 7888–7891 , suggested on the basis of molecular evidence that
lineatriton
lineolus is composed of at least two species , one more closely related to pseudoeurycea werleri and pseudoeurycea mystax and another , most closely related to pseudoeurycea leprosa . see comment under pseudoeurycea . see photograph , map , description of geographic range and habitat , and conservation status ( as lineatriton lineolus ) in stuart , hoffmann , chanson , cox , berridge , ramani , and young , 2008 , threatened amph . world : 577 . raffaëlli , 2013 , urodeles du monde , 2nd ed . : 270–271 , provided a brief account , photograph , and map .
reviewed by tanner and dundee , 2000 , cat . am . amph . rept . , 705 : 1 - 5 ( as lineatriton lineolus prior to the naming of lineatriton orchimelas and lineatriton orchileucos ) . parra - olea and wake , 2001 , proc . natl . acad . sci . usa , 98 : 7888 - 7891 , suggested on the basis of molecular evidence that
lineatriton
lineolus is composed of at least two species , one more closely related to pseudoeurycea werleri and pseudoeurycea mystax and another , most closely related to pseudoeurycea leprosa . see comment under pseudoeurycea . raffažlli , 2007 , les urodťles du monde : 223 - 224 , provided a brief account ( as lineatriton lineolus ) , photograph , and map . see photograph , map , description of geographic range and habitat , and conservation status ( as lineatriton lineolus ) in stuart , hoffmann , chanson , cox , berridge , ramani , and young , 2008 , threatened amph . world : 577 .
pseudoeurycea lineola — frost , grant , faivovich , bain , haas , haddad , de sá , channing , wilkinson , donnellan , raxworthy , campbell , blotto , moler , drewes , nussbaum , lynch , green , and wheeler , 2006 , bull . am . mus . nat . hist . , 297 : 359 .
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new acquaintances
) , published continuously and numbered consecutively since 1921 , are short papers that contain descriptions of new forms and reports in zoology , paleontology , and geology . new numbers are published at irregular intervals .
department of library services american museum of natural history central park west at 79th st . , new york , ny 10024 © american museum of natural history , 2011
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thank you for taking the time to provide feedback on the iucn red list of threatened species website , we are grateful for your input .
frost , d . r . 2013 . amphibian species of the world : an online reference . version 5 . 6 ( 9 january 2013 ) . electronic database . american museum of natural history , new york , usa . available at : urltoken .
justification : listed as critically endangered because its extent of occurrence ( eoo ) is 13 km 2 , it occurs in a single threat - defined location , and there is a continuing decline in the extent and quality of its habitat .
this species is known only from near ayutla , east - central oaxaca , mexico , at 2 , 100 m asl . it is only known from one threat - defined location and its extent of occurrence ( eoo ) is 13 km 2 .
it is an uncommon species , having last been seen in 1999 ( lamoreux et al . 2015 ) . due to ongoing decline in the extent and quality of habitat , the population is suspected to be decreasing .
this species is a terrestrial inhabitant of pine - oak forest and madroño ( arbutus forest ) . it can tolerate some habitat disturbance , as evidenced by the fact that a handful of small subpopulations survive in several tiny fragments of remaining habitat . it breeds by direct development and is not dependent upon water .
the major threat to this species is the extensive loss of habitat ( only small fragments of original habitat remain ) that has taken place due to agriculture ( including slash and burn practices ) , logging and human settlement .
conservation actions this species has not been recorded in any protected areas . it is listed as
threatened
( amenazada ) by mexican law . conservation needed there is an urgent need for the protection of forested areas near ayutla . research needed research is needed on its population size and distribution and to monitor its population trends .
to make use of this information , please check the < terms of use > .
this species is known only from near ayutla , east - central oaxaca , mexico , at 2 , 100 m asl . it is only known from one threat - defined location and its extent of occurrence ( eoo ) is 13 km
. 2015 ) . due to ongoing decline in the extent and quality of habitat , the population is suspected to be decreasing .
this species has not been recorded in any protected areas . it is listed as
threatened
( amenazada ) by mexican law .
research is needed on its population size and distribution and to monitor its population trends .
, it occurs in a single threat - defined location , and there is a continuing decline in the extent and quality of its habitat .
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frost , darrel r . 2004 . amphibian species of the world : an online reference . version 3 . 0 ( 22 august , 2004 ) . electronic database accessible at urltoken american museum of natural history , new york , usa
amphibian species of the world : an online reference v5 . 3 , database ( version 5 . 3 )
frost , darrel r . 2009 . amphibian species of the world : an online reference . version 5 . 3 ( 12 february , 2009 ) . electronic database accessible at urltoken american museum of natural history , new york , usa
flores - villela , oscar / mccoy , c . j . , ed .
disclaimer : itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available , and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties . however , it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes . while every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and up - to - date information available , ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in provisions of treaties to which the united states is a party , wildlife statutes , regulations , and any applicable notices that have been published in the federal register . for further information on u . s . legal requirements with respect to protected taxa , please contact the u . s . fish and wildlife service .
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to cite this page : myers , p . , r . espinosa , c . s . parr , t . jones , g . s . hammond , and t . a . dewey . 2018 . the animal diversity web ( online ) . accessed at https : / / animaldiversity . org .
disclaimer : the animal diversity web is an educational resource written largely by and for college students . adw doesn ' t cover all species in the world , nor does it include all the latest scientific information about organisms we describe . though we edit our accounts for accuracy , we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts . while adw staff and contributors provide references to books and websites that we believe are reputable , we cannot necessarily endorse the contents of references beyond our control .
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its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests . it is threatened by habitat loss .
this article is issued from wikipedia - version of the 10 / 10 / 2015 . the text is available under the creative commons attribution / share alike but additional terms may apply for the media files .
data and apps idaho fish and wildlife information system bringing information to bear on the management and conservation of fish , wildlife , and plants in idaho .
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spelerpes lineolus cope , 1865 , proc . acad . nat . sci . philadelphia , 17 : 197 . holotype : not designated ; ansp 735 , according to dunn , 1926 , salamanders fam . plethodontidae : 423 , and malnate , 1971 , proc . acad . nat . sci . philadelphia , 123 : 348 . type locality :
table land , mexico
; probably eastern central veracruz , mexico , according to smith and taylor , 1948 , bull . u . s . natl . mus . , 194 : 21 . restricted to
metlac
, veracruz , mexico by smith and taylor , 1950 , univ . kansas sci . bull . , 33 : 349 .
opheobatrachus lineolus — cope , 1869 , proc . acad . nat . sci . philadelphia , 21 : 101 .
spelerpes ( oedipus ) infuscatus peters , 1879 , monatsber . preuss . akad . wiss . berlin , 1879 : 778 . holotype : zmb 6556 according to bauer , günther , and klipfel , 1995 , in bauer et al . ( eds . ) , herpetol . contr . w . c . h . peters : 40 . type locality :
hayti [ = haiti ] ; in error according to dunn , 1923 , proc . new england zool . club , 8 : 39 - 40 , who also made the synonymy ( but see wake , 1993 , herpetologica , 49 : 229 - 237 ) . type locality restricted to
metlac
, veracruz , mexico by smith and taylor , 1950 , univ . kansas sci . bull . , 33 : 349 .
geotriton lineolus — garman , 1884 , bull . essex inst . , 16 : 39 .
oedipina lineolus — cope , 1887 , bull . u . s . natl . mus . , 32 : 8 .
oedipina lineola — cope , 1896 , am . nat . , 30 : 1022 .
oedipus lineolus — fowler and dunn , 1917 , proc . acad . nat . sci . philadelphia , 69 : 21 . dunn , 1926 , salamanders fam . plethodontidae : 422 .
lineatriton lineola — tanner , 1950 , great basin nat . , 10 : 39 .
lineatriton lineolus — brodie , mendelson , and campbell , 2002 , herpetologica , 58 : 194 .
veracruz worm salamander ( liner , 1994 , herpetol . circ . , 23 : 12 ; frank and ramus , 1995 , compl . guide scient . common names amph . rept . world : 32 ; liner and casas - andreu , 2008 , herpetol . circ . , 38 : 33 ) .
mexican slender salamander ( tanner and dundee , 2000 , cat . am . amph . rept . , 705 : 1–4 ) .
known only from a small area of pine - oak forest in the sierra madre oriental of veracruz , mexico , in the vicinity of cuautlapan , nearby barranca metlac , and jalapa , 800–1250 m elevation .
please note : these links will take you to external websites not affiliated with the american museum of natural history . we are not responsible for their content .
for access to available specimen data for this species , from over 350 scientific collections , go to vertnet .
copyright © 1998 - 2018 , darrel frost and the american museum of natural history . all rights reserved .
this species occurs in cerro san felipe / cerro san luis ( the type locality ) in north - central oaxaca , mexico . elevation 2 , 600 - 2 , 800 m asl . taxonomic status of specimens provisionally assigned to this species found in llano de las flores and cerro machin remain to be validated .
paratype : taylor , e . h . 1941 . herpetologica . 2 ( 3 ) : 57 .
this taxon is found in the sierra madre de oaxaca pine - oak forests , an ecoregion of northern oaxaca , mexico exhibiting a large number of endangered species , so that the conservation value is outstanding in terms of uniqueness of the habitat . the sierra madre de oaxaca pine - oak forests is within the tropical and subtropical conifer forests biome , and the ecoregion is known for elevated plant endemism , especially within the sierra de juarez montane forests .
this ecoregion is located in northern oaxaca state , and is delineated by the sierra norte de oaxaca mountains , which have characteristically abrupt and rugged topography . its tallest peak is zempoaltepetl ( 3400 metres ) , and most of the terrain in this area is above 1000 metres . three mountain chains or sierras constitute the sierra madre de oaxaca : juarez , aloapaneca and zempoaltepec . the climate is temperate and humid with annual temperatures ranging from 16°c to 20°c . the annual mean precipitation varies greatly from 700 millimetres ( mm ) to as great as 4000 mm .
the sierra juarez spiny lizard ( sceloporus cryptus ) is endemic to the ecoregion , and limited in range to drier parts of the sierra de juarez , in northeastern oaxaca . there are a number of threatened reptilian taxa in the ecoregion including the ribbon graceful brown snake ( rhadinaea fulvivittis vu ) , a limited distribution snake endemic to southern mexico .
avian taxa found here include the dwarf jay ( cyanolyca nana en ) , bearded tree quail ( dendrortyx barbatus cr ) , tamaulipas pygmy - owl ( glaucidium sanchezi ) and grey - barred wren ( campylorhynchus megalopterus ) as restricted - range bird species , which includes this ecoregion . the oaxaca sparrow ( aimophila notosticta nt ) , golden - cheeked warbler ( dendroica chrysoparia en ) , russet nightingale - thrush ( catharus occidentalis ) , hooded yellowthroat ( geothlypis nelsoni ) , and collared towhee ( pipilo ocai ) are also species which thrive in the habitats offered by this mountainous ecoregion .
this ecoregion presents a mosaic of vegetatative associations , due to the varied climate and topography . these formations include tropical evergreen forest , montane cloud forest , pine forest , pine - oak forest , and oak forest . the pine forests , at elevations between 1600 and 2600 metres ( m ) , include trees that are 25 to 40 m tall . dominant pine species are mexican white pine ( pinus ayacahuite ) ; lawson ' s pine ( p . lawsonii ) , a mexican endemic ; chiapas white pine ( p . strobus var . chiapensischiapensis ) ; michoacan pine ( p . devoniana lr / lc ) and smooth - barked mexican pine ( p . pseudostrobus ) . these pine forests have a robust understory and an herbacious layer dominated by numerous species of the ericaceae family .
this is a semi - arboreal species that inhabits pine - oak and fir forests , and has commonly been found under logs . it can live in somewhat disturbed forest . it reproduces by direct development .
listed as critically endangered because its extent of occurrence is less than 100 km , all individuals are known with certainty only from a single location , and there is continuing decline in the extent and quality of its habitat , and in the number of mature individuals , in oaxaca , mexico .
formerly common , this species was not found in the 1960s and the early 1970s , and , although it was recorded briefly , there have been no records since 1976 at the type locality .
the cause for declines remain a mystery . it is probably being negatively impacted by agricultural expansion , human settlements , and logging , all of which are taking place extensively within its range . however , these threats do not explain the level of decline that has been observed , because the habitat is still in quite good condition in some places . possible explanations include climate change , and disease ( such as chytridiomycosis ) .
it occurs in parque nacional benito juarez . there is a need for further research to establish the cause of the declines observed in this species in suitable habitat . this species is listed as
threatened
( amenazada ) by the mexican government .
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smith and taylor , 1948 , bull . u . s . natl . mus . , 194
smith and taylor , 1950 , univ . kansas sci . bull . , 33
fowler and dunn , 1917 , proc . acad . nat . sci . philadelphia , 69
frost , grant , faivovich , bain , haas , haddad , de sš , channing , wilkinson , donnellan , raxworthy , campbell , blotto , moler , drewes , nussbaum , lynch , green , and wheeler , 2006 , bull . am . mus . nat . hist . , 297
mexican slender salamander ( tanner and dundee , 2000 , cat . am . amph . rept . , 705 : 1 - 4 ) .
known only from a small area of pine - oak forest in the sierra madre oriental of veracruz , mexico , in the vicinity of cuautlapan , nearby barranca metlac , and jalapa , 800 - 1250 m elevation .
copyright © 1998 - 2013 , darrel frost and the american museum of natural history . all rights reserved .
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parra olea , g . & wake , d . 2004 . 2006 iucn red list of threatened species . downloaded on 23 july 2007 .
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