larks are passerine birds of the family alaudidae .

all species occur in the old world , and in northern and eastern australia .

only one , the horned lark , is also found in north america .

habitats vary widely , but many species live in dry regions .

lark

treat erlanger ' s lark as a subspecies of blanford ' s lark ( stervander et al . 2016 )
english : hoopoe lark , bifasciated lark ; french : sirli du désert ; german : wüstenläuferlerche ; spanish : alondra ibis .
the heteromirafra larks : rudd’s lark h . ruddi , sidamo ( liben ) lark  h . sidamoensis ( includes archer’s lark h . archeri , with which it is now lumped ) .
the lark in the morning sunshine symbolizes the human drive for happiness . to mystic theologians the lark’s song symbolizes pure and happy prayer rising before god’s throne .
thekla lark comprises several possible species , e . g . east african populations (
‘hey , maybe i ' m getting the hang of this interview lark . ’
though you go to bed with the nightingale , you rise with the lark .
rather a lark i might have thought it but for the false military title .
) . up to 90 percent of lark nests may be lost to predators .
at clinically critical times , our lark coach will connect members with your clinical staff .
‘designing the baddies and weapons for the next big game - what a lark . ’
‘in rarefied locations in the city , foreigners ride the rickshaw for a lark . ’
‘let ' s have it in live action - none of this animation lark . ’
‘and the rest of the lads lark about and laugh at a misshapen nude . ’
and now their voices seemed to them as clear as the notes of a lark .
lark tattoos usually embody colourful elements to play up the cheerful associations of the bird .
a chance encounter in a local pet store changed lark huska ' s life forever .
accept recommendation by redman et al . to use shorter name of blanford ' s lark for
is a proposed split from blanford ' s lark ( stervander et al 2016 ) . includes
‘out of sight a bird called , an early arrival , perhaps a horned lark . ’
‘we strode towards the small plane , with the cameraman encouraging us to lark around . ’
receive our e - mail newsletter for the latest news from lark and chef john sundstrom .
moreover , what was so real for her was only too plainly a lark for him .
english : black - crowned finch - lark , pallid finch - lark ; french : moinelette à frout - blanc ; german : weißstirnlerche ; spanish : aloudra gottión de corouna negra .
lark sparrows expanded their range eastward with forest clearing , but are diminishing there with reforestation .
the male lark sparrow’s courtship display includes tail fanning to reveal his white outer tail feathers .
the horned lark’s nest is depression in the ground lined with grass and other fine materials .
lark huska , 15 , and her mother alexandra macqueen . ( paul borkwood / cbc )
the lark is a very popular animal , appearing in literature , song , mythology , and even religion . though we write of the lark very often , the only true north american lark is the horned lark , which is named for its black stripes beneath its eyes . the meadowlark also inhabits north america , though technically , the meadowlark is more closely related to the starling . this doesn’t stop us from relating the meadowlark to the true lark , however .
no one who works on a morning newspaper ever takes advantage of the lark ' s example .
and korea . in southern france and north africa east of libya , sympatric with thekla lark .
dickcissel dickcissels do not have
horns
or the black facial marking of the horned lark .
designed with harvard and stanford health experts , our lark coaches are trained to deliver clinically validated curriculum .
lark is a chronic care platform , not single - disease , and device - centric .
‘otherwise , it ' s decent for a lark when rented for a one - night spin . ’
the magpie - lark is a common bird with many different names . it is also called a peewee , peewit , mudlark or little magpie . its name magpie - lark is also confusing because it is neither a magpie nor a lark . it is more closely related to monarchs , fantails and drongos .
lark is super sweet and cuddly . good with dogs and other cats / kittens . ( * )
larks are symbolic of merriment as the lark sang hymns at the gates of heaven ; the lark was the bird that announced the coming of the day . because of the bird ' s boundless energy , it is said the lark is also the symbol of hope , happiness , and of good fortune ; creativity
‘i was up with the lark , too excited at the prospect of seeing my team to sleep . ’
‘‘we ' ve seduced people into giving us $ 300 million for a lark , ’ he says . ’
‘it all seems so simple from this perspective . i could get used to this evil genius lark . ’
‘i didn ' t lark about or anything but failed to treat my duties with the seriousness required . ’
the name magpie - lark is quite misleading , as the species has no link with either the magpies or the larks . however , the magpie - lark is sometimes confused with the australian magpie , gymnorhina tibicen . while both species are black and white , the magpie - lark is noticeably smaller than the australian magpie .
ing us feel welcome . made us feel part of the lark family . big thank you to you all
the lark has received a rating of 5 . 0 out of 5 in 34 traveler reviews on tripadvisor .
desert lark comprises at least 4 divergent mtdna lineages that require study and revision ( alström et al . 2013 )
lark helps you identify individuals in your population who have each the chronic condition using eligibility files or claims data .
used in names of birds of other families that are similar to the lark , e . g . meadowlark .
a new edition of the lark cookbook has been released ! now with a softcover and an additional chapter devoted to recipes for the home pantry , the cookbook is available for purchase at the lark store or your favorite bookseller .
english : short - toed lark ; french : alouette calandrelle ; german : kurzzehenlerche ; spanish : terrera grande .
english : shore lark ; french : alouette hausse - col ; german : ohrenlerche ; spanish : alauda cornuda .
the shape of a lark’s bill is adapted to its diet and feeding technique . for example , hoopoe larks (
beason , r . 1995 . horned lark ( eremophila alpestris ) . a poole , f gill , eds .
to cape clapper lark and range to
sw namibia , w , sc , s . africa
with split of
‘it ' s basically a working - class mindset , he said : ‘this showbiz lark can ' t last . ’’
english : clotbey lark ; french : alouette de clotbey ; german : knackerlerche ; spanish : alondra de pico grueso .
riley , steve .
crested lark using ' anvil ' .
british birds 82 ( 1989 ) : 30–31 .
using chemicals and pesticides in your garden because if a magpie - lark eats a poisoned insect it could get sick .
it was three years ago that a routine trip to the pet store would change lark huska ' s life forever .
as a child , cosette becomes known in her neighborhood as
the lark ,
but not for the reasons you might think ( like freedom and beauty ) . in cosette ' s case ,
the lark
refers to the fact that , like a lark , she always gets up earlier in the morning than everyone else . as the book says :
‘in the national championships that year , she participated for a lark and won the silver in the rifle prone event . ’
english : long - billed lark ; french : alouette à long bec ; german : langschnabellerche ; spanish : alondra picuda .
family ( order passeriformes ) . larks occur throughout the continental old world ; only the horned , or shore , lark (
lark designs are also symbolic of femininity . through the bird ' s distinct crescent on its chest , mankind has been linked with the lark with the phases of the moon - one of the ultimate natural symbols of womanhood . the lark ' s well - defined family structure and seeming devotion to its relatives had made it a totem of family and love as well .
there’s no risk in offering it to everyone : we only charge when your members enroll in lark and achieve great health outcomes .
‘i ' d had my lactate levels tested earlier in the year in connecticut , going along with friends for a lark . ’
view image of a magpie - lark ( grallina cyanoleuca ) lifts its wings ( credit : david tipling / naturepl . com )
the lark that shuns on lofty boughs to build , her humble nest lies silent in the field . what does this mean ?
is split from crested lark ( guillaumet et al . 2006 , 2008 ; alström et al . 2013 ) . correct species name is
unlimited , 24 / 7 , real - time help . a dedicated lark coach will respond within 2 seconds when members need support most
‘while i was out in the desert i watched a crested lark hovering about 100 feet off the ground singing its heart out . ’
ryan , peter g . , ian hood , paulette bloomer , joris komen , and timothy m . crowe .
barlow ' s lark : a new species in the karoo lark certhilauda albescens complex of southwest africa .
ibis 140 ( 1998 ) : 605–619 .
is that a lark i hear ? a nightingale ? surprise ! it ' s a bat : krulwich wonders . . . : npr
‘the new parents i know got about four hours ' sleep a night for a while and they are still up with the lark . ’
‘at the now locked gates he meets twins isabelle and theo , who promptly invite him home to meet their parents for a lark . ’
chipping sparrow the chipping sparrow has a rusty crown but different face pattern , also lacks the white outer tail feathers of the lark sparrow .
cornell laboratory of ornithology , 2001 .
horned lark
( on - line ) . accessed 01 / 08 / 04 at urltoken .
place some clean , fresh water in the garden for the magpie - lark to drink and use for making mud to build its nest .
despite the fact that only one member of the lark family is native to north america , larks have a prominent place in tribal culture .
the lark is a symbol of the humility of the priesthood , because this bird flies high and sings only when in flight towards heaven .
‘many , in times past , closely observed the movements of the bog lark , a bird you don ' t see that much nowadays . ’
what made you want to look up lark ? please tell us where you read or heard it ( including the quote , if possible ) .
slab sandwiches is located just around the corner from lark , at 1201 10th ave . slab is open 10 - 3 , monday - friday .
variety of habitats , mainly open areas with sparse vegetation , also cultivated land and other man - made semideserts such as railways , airfields , and wastelands . where it co - occurs with the thekla lark , the crested lark occupies the plains , the thekla inhabits rocky and bushy slopes .
the horned lark’s typical call , most often heard in fall and winter , is a high , piercing one - or two - note chip .
the situation is critical for the raso lark ( alauda razae ) and rudd ' s lark . the former species is endemic to the uninhabited islet of raso ( cape verde islands ) , and its population is very small ( 92 birds counted in 1998 ) . accidentally introduced predators are therefore a serious threat to eggs and nestlings . a rapid population decline of rudd ' s lark could be prevented by protecting its breeding range in south africa .
‘when the children were small i ' d be up with the lark ; a cooked breakfast was on the table by 7 . 30 am . ’
‘pet owners who get up with the lark to walk their dogs in a country park are fuming after penalty notices were slapped on their cars . ’
‘he soon became a cornucopia of trivia , and one day decided to have a shot at creating his own puzzle , just for a lark . ’
close your curtains or put something in front of your windows to prevent the magpie - lark from seeing its own reflection and trying to attack it .
‘their story plays like some merry old folk tale , about a few lads off on a summertime lark that turned into a life - transforming adventure . ’
‘the consensus was that there had to be something in this astrology lark , and what did i know , i ' m only an astronomy graduate . ’
‘just as she was getting the hang of this monarchy lark , along comes another embarrassing chain of events to sink its teeth into the royal posterior . ’
nova scotia museum of natural history website , 1998 .
horned lark
( on - line ) . accessed 01 / 08 / 04 at urltoken .
many larks satisfy their thirst and maintain body weight by drinking dew when water is not available . various species , including the black , desert , gray ' s , and stark ' s lark , as well as the black - crowned and black - eared sparrow - lark , drink brackish or even salty water .
my boyfriend , dog , and i had a wonderful time staying in the lark . we loved the quiet neighborhood , its proximity to so many great sights , and the relaxing nature of the apartment itself . watching the sun set over the bay from the deck every night was our favorite part . the lark …
‘apparently some of the stages will be near by ( in portmore ) , who knows , maybe i ' ll go and watch them for a lark . ’
the lark sparrow’s nest is a cup of grasses and twigs and is lined with finer materials . it is placed on the ground or in a low shrub .
regardless of where life ' s journey takes you , the presence of the lark is a sign that only the best will be bestowed on you and yours .
of the horned lark ( eremophila alpestris ) and temminck ' s lark ( e . bilopha ) possess a contrasting colored pattern of breast and head , and they have tiny elongated feathers above their eyes that form conspicuous horns . however , the breeding plumage of the male black lark ( melanocorypha yeltoniensis ) is entirely black . the males of the seven known sparrow - larks ( eremopterix ) have black underparts and a species - specific black - and - white pattern on their head . only the male black - eared sparrow - lark ( e . australis ) is totally black - headed ; females of all these species are colored as larks in general .
with imitations of other bird songs and calls . because of this behavior , the mongolian lark ( melanocorypha mongolica ) is called
hundred melodies
in china and is a favored cage bird in east asia . the latakoo or melodious lark ( mirafra cheniana ) is known to imitate 57 different bird species—even ducks , guineafowl , and bee - eaters—and single males can be distinguished by the set of birds they imitate . some species , such as the crested lark , may even imitate human whistling .
drive your strategic objectives forward by successfully transitioning towards value - based care . use lark to provide scalable , 24 / 7 health monitoring for all chronic condition patients .
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‘but from now on i ' m up with the lark and out muck - spreading or doing whatever ' s needed to keep the farm ticking over properly . ’
‘this beauty lark is bloody hard work and i am profoundly grateful that most of the time i throw on slightly soiled clothes and schlep into the printroom makeupless . ’
to call their mate or establish territory from – tree . post , wire , etc . other birds the live in grasslands like the horned lark or bobolink have a
the magpie - lark is distinctively marked in black and white . the thin whitish bill and pale iris separate it from other similarly coloured species . the adult male magpie - lark has a white eyebrow and black face , while the female has an all - white face with no white eyebrow . young birds have a black forehead , a white eyebrow and a white throat . the magpie - lark is often referred to as a peewee or pee wee , after the sound of its distinctive calls .
do you have more specific information about the location of lark’s pet sitting ? why didn ' t you say so ? you can improve yelp by sharing it here .
the gauls regarded the lark as a sacred bird and throughout the long history of french folklore it has remained a bird of good omen , sometimes even used in charms . ' whoever carries about his or her person real lark’s legs or models of them cannot be harrassed ; this charm will overcome the forces of man and nature alike’ .
losing weight is easier when you have a trusted pal to provide encouragement and valuable pointers . lark is a fantastic virtual companion that chats with you like a friend , offering a clear look at your activity levels , meal choices , and even sleep patterns . there’s no calorie - counting here—just use plain language to tell lark what you ate and how much you exercised , and it’ll let you know if you’re on the right track to weight - loss success . smart , supportive , and nonjudgmental—we need more friends like lark .
‘hordes of participants are expected to turn up for this fun event , from business teams to school teams , and sporting enthusiasts to those just taking part for a lark . ’
‘i sometimes think i ' m not cut out for this whole technology lark , and today my faith in that belief has swung wildly from one extreme to the other . ’
larks are characteristic birds of the open landscapes like grasslands , steppes , stony plains , and heaths . most larks prefer areas with sparse vegetation . some species , including the wood lark and flapped lark ( mirafra rufocinnamomea ) , depend on a mixture of vegetation types within the same habitat , such as grasses for nest - building and scattered bushes and small
want to feature your creature ? upload a photo of your pet at the lark ! you can also share by using the hashtag # bringfido on facebook , twitter or instagram .
ryan , peter g . , and paulette bloomer .
the long - billed lark complex : a species mosaic in southwestern africa .
auk 116 ( 1999 ) : 194–208 .
a lark tattoo is a great way to show off your sweet , cheerful disposition and lets the world know that , despite the difficulties , you see the sunnier side of life .
photographer alkan emin shoots photos of 15 - year - old toronto model lark huska , who he discovered in a local pet store three years ago . ( paul borkwood / cbc )
‘the researchers believe that an increase in agricultural land , forest plantations and roads has fragmented the arid steppe habitat , preventing the dupont ' s lark from sharing songs over greater distances . ’
larks appear in mythology as a symbol of cheerfulness . the appearance of a lark also represents daybreak in many stories . for example , there is a passage in shakespeare ' s romeo and juliet in which juliet tries to convince romeo that the lark singing outside is a nightingale because she doesn ' t want him to leave . larks are also often shown as messengers . in
many current solutions for chronic conditions are tied up to proprietary devices or other expensive networks , with individual devices for different conditions . instead , use lark and turn up the engagement and savings .
‘the trouble with this sobriety lark , which i embarked upon at the start of the year , is that i find my critical facilities have been restored after some 30 years ' suspension . ’
eremophila alpestris occasionally acts as a host for parasitic cowbirds . eremophila alpestris young suffer from cowbird parasitism because the parents neglect them to take care of the cowbird young . cowbirds lay eggs in the nests of eremophila alpestris , and when they hatch , the horned lark parents care for them , which takes away from the care of their own eggs . as a result , the cowbird chicks thrive and the eremophila alpestris chicks suffer . cowbird chicks are much larger than horned lark chicks which enables them to devour all the food the parents bring before the lark chicks get the chance .
duets can be so precisely coordinated that partners sound like a single bird ,
says behavioural ecologist paweł ręk of the australian national university in canberra , who studies magpie - lark displays .
the magpie - lark is mostly ground - dwelling , and is usually seen slowly searching on the ground for a variety of insects and their larvae , as well as earthworms and freshwater invertebrates .
7 . 1–7 . 5 in ( 18–19 cm ) ; male 0 . 9–1 . 9 oz ( 27–55 g ) ; female 0 . 6–1 . 7 oz ( 17–47 g ) . extensively streaked brown plumage , crown feathers can be raised to a short crest ; bill stronger than bill of wood lark ; sexes alike . most common lark species within its western palearctic part of distribution .
she was known locally as l ' alouette , the lark . the village people , with instinctive symbolism , had thought it a suitable name for the apprehensive , trembling little creature , scarcely more than a bird , who was always first up in that house and out of doors before dawn . but this was a lark that never sang . ( 1 . 4 . 3 . 15 )
17–18 cm ; c . 32–47 g . medium sized , densely streaked , relatively long - legged lark with long neck , long slender bill with distal half decurved , rather short wings . . .
in mainly insectivorous larks , the male is larger and has a longer bill than the female . this is most conspicuous in the greater hoopoe , the long - billed lark , and their relatives , which use their slender and decurved bills for digging in the ground in search of insect larvae . sexual dimorphism in bill and body size also occurs in the bar - tailed lark ( ammomanes cincturus ) and gray ' s lark ( a . grayi ) , which feed mainly on seeds . such differences in size enable both sexes of the same species to exploit different food resources within the same habitat .
‘i appear to be fairly gainfully self employed in the website design lark , at least for a bit , and while that ' s great it doesn ' t exactly make for good weblog fodder . ’
keep leaf litter and mulch around your garden as magpie - larks will collect some of it to build their nests , and it will also attract insects and lizards for the magpie - lark to eat .
immerse yourself in the diverse nature of the outer banks at the lark , a stylish , affordable vacation condo at milepost 7 . 5 . during your vacation you ' ll live like the locals do , surrounded by serene live oaks , white egrets , spanish moss and breathtaking sunsets on the sound . the lark feels secluded while only one mile from the beach near all the outer banks ' favorite attractions .
lark sparrows breed across much of the western two - thirds of the u . s . they winter across parts of the southwestern u . s . and mexico . the population has declined in recent decades .
their mate . when a magpie - lark finds a mate , they usually pair for life , defend their territory together and stay in the same area together throughout the year if there is enough food around .
mythology , larks are the messengers of itokaga , god of the south wind . the meadowlark is a symbol of beauty , fertility , marriage , and fidelity . some artists used the lark to symbolize jesus . these birds also have a crescent moon shape on it ' s breast . quite lucky for neo - pagans . it ' s lunar symbol makes the lark a symbol of inner discoveries and the concept of self .
‘call me dim but i would have thought that there wasn ' t too much to learning how to master this silence lark ; it ' s not like studying wittgenstein , even for people who wear trainers . ’
the name lark is also given , chiefly because of habitat , to several birds belonging to other families . see meadowlark ; songlark . for fieldlark , or titlark , see pipit . for mudlark , see grallinidae .
) exhibit deep genetic divergences among themselves and from mediterranean populations ( guillaumet et al . 2008 ) . correct english name to thekla ' s lark which refers to the daughter of the german ornithologist brehm ( hbw alive )
‘and then , when i got there , still without seeing the meadow lark , there was a verdant patch of wild valerian basking in the sun and another corner with another patch of sunlight a little further on . ’
‘never fear , we ' ll all be living until 112 shortly , and it ' s very likely that half those grey heads we observe are really teenagers who borrowed their grannie ' s wig for a lark . ’
‘anyone passing through who wants to leave some remarks in the comments , please feel free . only if it ' s to tell me what a cack - handed job i ' m making of this liveblogging lark . ’
ratcliffe , norman , luis r . monteiro , and cornelis j . hazevoet .
status of raso lark alauda razae with notes on threats and foraging behaviour .
bird conservation international 9 ( 1999 ) : 43–46 .
, they are seen as messengers of the god of the south wind god , itokaga , who brings life , light , and warmth to the world . in christianity , the lark has come to represent jesus christ .
it looks like we don ' t have a specific address for lark’s pet sitting , which makes giving directions tricky . this business might not have an official storefront , or it might move to multiple locations throughout the day .
smaller than males . bill very long , slender , and slightly decurved . plumage sand - colored above , underside white , throat and breast with dark spots , similar in both sexes . wings long and broad with conspicuous black - and - white pattern , comparable to that of african subspecies of hoopoe ( upupa epops ) . this lark was first described as a hoopoe , and its original scientific name means
hoopoe with legs of a lark .
in all larks , both sexes feed the chicks and eat or remove their feces . after eight to 13 days , before they are able to fly , lark chicks leave the nest , still supplied with food by their parents . if the female starts a second brood , the male cares for the young alone . steyn observed cooperative breeding in the spike - heeled lark ( chersomanes albofasciata ) ; three adults fed two chicks in one nest in the karoo .
7 . 1–7 . 9 in ( 18–20 cm ) ; male 1 . 4–1 . 8 oz ( 39–51 g ) ; female 1 . 1–1 . 6 oz ( 30–47 g ) ; one of the largest lark species , females
when magpie - lark couples duet , one of them produces a short
pee - wee
- type call , which is then swiftly followed by a
wit
reply . this performance can go on for several seconds .
to build its nest , the magpie - lark gathers plant fibres and uses mud like mortar to plaster everything together . it then lines the nest with soft grass , tufts of fur , feathers or any other cosy material it can get its beak on . nests are commonly on firm horizontal branches . it lays 3 - 5 eggs . depending on conditions , breeding is usually from august to february , and the magpie - lark lays 3 - 5 eggs .
larks have a crescent shape across their breasts . the crescent shape often signifies lunar qualities , and the moon is often linked with the concept of self . therefore the lark reflects the inward journey that’s often associated with self - discovery . this goes hand in hand with their singing , something that , for humans , is often considered a private activity and a deep reflection of inner self . lark encourages us to explore our inner selves and sing out loud .
‘anyone who engages in this utterly ridiculous weblog lark will have experienced those moments where you suddenly get an urge to put your latest words and thoughts online , despite the fact that you ' ve had a few too many drinks . ’
the lark was a great place to stay for our first vacation to the obx . great value for the space and location . it ' s a 2nd floor apartment in a quiet , family - friendly neighborhood . would definitely recommend !
lark flight , feeding , threat and display calls are quite simple , however , their territorial song is very elaborate . in addition to communicating through song , larks will raise the crest of feathers in their head during agonistic and courtship displays .
this name seems more like a boy name to me too , maybe because of the other meaning of the word
lark
, or because it seems surname - y . or because it ' s a bit like mark . . .
the avifauna of the succulent karoo includes about 226 species , one of which , barlow’s lark ( certhilauda barlowi ) , is endemic . other species in the region include the black harrier ( circus maurus , vulnerable status ) , which has the most restricted range of the world’s 13 harrier species , karoo bustard ( eupodotis vigorsii ) , ludwig’s bustard ( neotis ludwigii ) , karoo chat ( cercomela schlegelii ) , dune lark ( c . erythrochlamys ) , and dusky sunbird ( nectarinia fusca ) .
lark has been watching our cat for over a year and she has been amazing . we travel quite frequently and we have always had an easy time coordinating with her . her rates are very fair and she spends a good amount of time at the house each day . lark is always happy to send my wife the photos she needs when she is away from the cat ! it is so great to be able to leave our cat and our home in such kind and capable hands .
larks primarily live in the old world . fifty - seven percent of lark species are found in africa , 19 percent in africa and eurasia , 16 percent in asia , 6 percent in eurasia and 1 percent in the new world . horned larks (
beason , robert c . 1995 . horned lark ( eremophila alpestris ) , version 2 . 0 . in the birds of north america ( p . g . rodewald , editor ) . cornell lab of ornithology , ithaca , new york , usa .
‘the dvd comes in a huge box that ' s about twice the size of any dvd set you could name ( overcompensating perhaps ? ) and it ' s got quite a few extras that might even entice prudes to buy it for a lark . ’
the lark is pet friendly ! they accept up to three pets of any size for a fee of $ 65 per stay . they provide a large dog bed , and bowls . there are pet clean up bags outside the building , and walking trails close by .
larks inhabit extreme regions such as deserts , semideserts , and arctic tundras , and areas varying in altitude from about sea level to high mountains . the horned lark , for example , breeds at 14 , 750 ft ( 4 , 500 m ) in the rocky mountains , and the skylark and tibetan lark ( melanocorypha maxima ) breed at 14 , 450 ft ( 4 , 400 m ) and 15 , 100 ft ( 4 , 600 m ) in the himalayas , respectively . generally , such extreme habitats are left after the breeding season .
the magpie - lark ' s mud nest seems to link it closely with the mud - nest builders of the family corcoracidae , the white - winged chough , and the apostlebird . but it actually belongs in the family dicruridae ( monarchs , fantails , and drongos ) .
listen out for the magpie - lark calling ' peewee , peewee ' or ' doodit doodit ' . peewee mates sing complicated duets - one sings ' peewee ' and its partner responds ' wit ! ' - and they both raise their wings above their heads as they call .
is that a lark i hear ? a nightingale ? surprise ! it ' s a bat : krulwich wonders . . . there are animals famous for their songs . whales sing . birds sing . we humans have aretha , elvis , ray charles , pavarotti . but bats — who knew ?
often used the image of the lark to symbolize a dawning of new opportunities in their literary pieces . ever since the earliest days of old world europe , these birds were seen as messengers that bring hope and prosperity , and this idea has crossed over into many aspects of the new world .
they are one of the few birds that can simultaneously sing and fly , as such , they are amongst the most beloved of the avian species . a lark is a sign of fortune and family , as such , many artists will incorporate elements that draw heavy reference to both these teams .
5 . 1–5 . 5 in ( 13–14 cm ) ; male 0 . 7–1 . 0 oz ( 21–28 g ) ; female 0 . 6–0 . 9 oz ( 17–26 g ) . small lark with dull , cryptic plumage , no streaks on chest . bill short and finchlike . sexes alike .
magpie - lark males and females are similar from a distance but easy to tell apart closer up . female have a white throat and males have black throats and black eye - stripes . juveniles of both sex have the white throat of the female and the black eye - stripe of the male .
its habit of rising swiftly heavenwards and as rapidly falling to earth might make the lark a symbol of the evolution and involution of manifestation . passing successively from earth to heaven and from heaven to earth , it links together the two poles of existence and acts as an intermediary . thus the lark stands for the marriage of heaven and earth since it flies high up into the sky and nests at ground level among scraps of dried grass . its flight into the bright dawn light suggests youthful enthusiasm , ardour and happiness in being alive . by contrast with the nightingale , its song is a song of joy .
the lark is in an excellent location for people who want to enjoy the beach and everything else the obx has to offer . great walking path to the wright brothers memorial too . i recommend it for people who just need a place to chill in the evenings after long beach days : ) thanks l…
diet : the horned lark eats primarily seeds of grasses and forbs as well as insects , although it is also known to consume spiders and snails . these larks forage by gleaning food as they walk along the ground in their shuffling gate . in winter , these birds feed in freshly manured fields in agricultural areas .
the lark sparrow’s most distinctive feature is its face pattern , with a reddish crown and cheek patch , gray supercilium , black line in front of and behind the eye , and a black malar stripe . it has grayish - white underparts with a black central breast spot . in flight , white outer tail feathers are visible .
we loved the lark ! it ' s in a nice , quiet , convienient neighborhood . beach access , mini golf , parks , restaurants and shops are all just a short drive away . we loved the screened in back balcony . the beds were comfy and everything was clean . the sound machines in the bedrooms were …
lark has never been a popular name in the united states . the only real - life namesake is actress lark voorhies , who is most well known for her work in the television show saved by the bell . however , i ' ve seen it used as a middle name . middle names are not recorded in social security baby name lists , so i have no way of knowing how often it ' s used . but i can see it appealing to the many people who like rose as a middle name . since it has yet to really be claimed by either gender , i still think you could get away with using it on a boy .
chef john sundstrom’s menu features locally - produced and organic cheese , charcuterie , vegetables , grains , fish , and meats , all prepared in season . we work with local artisans , farmers , and foragers to serve the best of each season . watch the season of mist video to see what to expect at lark right now .
unlike any other program , we’re able to offer every member unlimited 1 - on - 1 support from their personal lark coach , thanks to cutting edge a . i . and health monitoring technology . we deliver evidence - based care in an award - winning experience that evolves with data & interactions , making it infinitely more intelligent & effective .
working late into the night , eve had gotten bored and ( she had to admit ) a little stir crazy . she pulled up the bank’s source code . on a lark , she entered the reset command . then she executed it , just to see what would happen , because boredom is the bad - influence - friend of stupidity .
guillaumet , alban ; pons , jean - marc ; godelle , bernard ; crochet , pierre - andre ( 2006 ) .
history of the crested lark in the mediterranean region as revealed by mtdna sequences and morphology
. molecular phylogenetics and evolution 39 ( 3 ) : 645–56 . doi : 10 . 1016 / j . ympev . 2006 . 01 . 002 .
the horned lark has sandy brown upperparts , a white belly , a yellow throat and black bib , and a black patch below each eye . it also has two small black tufts , or “horns” that are not always visible . different subspecies vary somewhat in the coloration of the throat and upperparts . in flight , horned larks show mostly black tails with narrow white edgings .
at the same time in the northern hemisphere , the bering land bridge , the continental shelf between siberia and alaska , was exposed . the horned lark spread from asia into north america along this land bridge . its recent breeding range in north america reaches from northern alaska to the gulf of mexico , and a separated population established itself on the andean slopes of bogotá , colombia .
most larks swallow whole seeds , which are crushed in their stomach using grit . indigestible remains are ejected as small pellets . larks in the genera calandrella , eremopterix , and melanocorypha de - husk seeds in a finchlike manner , fixing the grain between the tongue and palatine and breaking it up . crested larks , wood larks , and skylarks remove husks from seeds by beating them against the ground . they use the same technique for removing the legs and wings of large insects . like the song thrush ( turdus philomelos ) , greater hoopoe larks crack the shells of snails using stones like an anvil . the same behavior was observed once in the crested lark in morocco , but never in central europe . the greater hoopoe lark also frequently drops snails onto stones until their shells break .
monogamous . only lark species building nests frequently on top of low shrubs , up to 24 in ( 60 cm ) above ground . also building cup - shaped nests on ground . two to four eggs incubated by female for about 14 days . both parents feed young , which leave nest after 12–13 days , before being able to fly . young remain for at least one month with parents .
the female horned lark selects a nest site on bare ground , apparently with no help from her mate . she either chooses a natural depression in which to build the nest or excavates the site herself , a process that can take a couple of days . to dig a cavity , she uses her bill to loosen soil and flip it aside , sometimes also kicking dirt out with her feet .
when i turned the models on , a female magpie - lark came along together with a group of other birds , mainly noisy miners and australian magpies , and they all together attacked my birds ,
says ręk .
a fight ensued and my models tumbled down , two wings came off and were stolen by magpies . i didn ' t know whether to laugh or to cry .
6 . 7 in ( 17 cm ) ; male 1 . 3–1 . 8 oz ( 37–52 g ) ; female 1 . 3–1 . 7 oz ( 37–48 g ) ; not as large as skylark , more robust , with stronger bill and longer crest . uniformly dull - colored plumage , upper - parts and breast heavily streaked , sexes alike . very similar to thekla lark , its sibling species .
the colonization of australia by the australasian bushlark ( mirafra javanica ) and of north america by the horned lark happened in the pleistocene at the latest . during pleistocene glacial periods , sea level was much lower than today . sumatra , kalimantan , and java ( sunda shelf ) were therefore part of asiatic mainland , and new guinea was connected to north australia via the torres land bridge , forming the dispersal route of the australasian bushlark .
song is performed during aerial song - displays while males circle about their territories . some species rise almost vertically from ground or perch and ascend up to 330 ft ( 100 m ) or more before gliding or dropping with closed wings back to the ground . continual hovering and singing is characteristic for the skylark . several lark species frequently utter their songs from the ground and elevated perches such as stones , tops of bushes , or trees .
de juana , e . & suárez , f . ( 2018 ) . dupont ' s lark ( chersophilus duponti ) . in : del hoyo , j . , elliott , a . , sargatal , j . , christie , d . a . & de juana , e . ( eds . ) . handbook of the birds of the world alive . lynx edicions , barcelona . ( retrieved from urltoken on 9 july 2018 ) .
larks are of african origin , and that their first radiation took place on this continent . madagascar was colonized once by the african ancestor of the madagascar lark ( mirafra hova ) . today , several mirafra larks occur in asia . however , it is not possible to say how many species colonized asia independently , since it is unknown whether the group of asiatic mirafra species is monophyletic , i . e . , evolved from one common ancestor .
the crested lark reached central europe from southwestern and eastern europe later than the skylark and was widespread in the sixteenth century , but receded during the little ice age in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries . however , it spread into central europe again from the middle of the nineteenth century onward , helped by global warming and man - made habitats such as roads and railway stations . crested larks even reached scandinavia in 1900 , but became extinct in the 1990s , possibly because of climatic change .
all lark nestlings have a characteristic brightly colored gape , with one black spot inside the tip of the upper and lower mandible . there are two black spots on the base of the tongue in ammomanes , some certhilauda , and mirafra ; and an additional third spot on the tip of the tongue in alauda , calandrella , some certhilauda , eremophila , galerida , and lullula . after hatching , larks are covered with scanty down on their foreheads , napes , backs , shoulders , wings , and thighs .
5 . 9 in ( 15 cm ) ; male 0 . 7–1 . 2 oz ( 21–35 g ) ; female 1 . 1–1 . 2 oz ( 30–35 g ) ; smaller and more slender than skylark and crested lark . plumage buff brown , upperparts and chest streaked , distinguished from other larks by broad , white supercilium which continues to nape . black - and - white pattern of alula ( first digit of wing ) feathers very conspicuous . crown feathers can be raised to a small crest .
to attract a female and mark his reproductive territory , the male horned lark will engage in a
song flight
( cornell laboratory of ornithology , 2001 ) . he flies quickly up to eight hundred feet above the ground , and circles for several minutes . while circling , he sings . after hovering , he dives straight toward the ground with his wings closed . just before reaching the ground , he opens his wings , catches air and lands softly in his territory . these birds are monogamous .
the horned lark’s nest is a basket woven of fine grass or other plant materials and lined with finer material . two to four days after preparing the site , she begins weaving her nest from grass , small roots , shredded cornstalks , and other plant material , then lines it with down , fur , feathers , fine rootlets , even lint and string . the nest cavity diameter is about 3–4 inches ; the inside nest diameter is about 2 . 5 inches and its depth about 1 . 5 inches .
early european settlers named the magpie - lark after two groups of northern hemisphere birds that they were familiar with ; the magpies and the larks . however , they aren ' t actually like either of them . they are most closely related to a group of birds from the east coast of australia called the monarchs . magpie - larks are mostly seen foraging in pairs , however , outside of the breeding season , flocks of as many as a hundred or more birds may form in search of food sources .
lark has been providing pet sitting and dog walking services for us for many years ( i have two dogs and two cats ) . when i go out of town and she is staying in our home i know everything will be taken care of and when i return the house is the same as i left it and the animals are very happy . it is wonderful to leave with no guilt because i know lark loves them as much as i do . when she walks my dogs they come home tired and happy . i trust that she loves my four legged kids as much as i do and she shows it in the time and attention she gives them . and a final testiment to the love she has for my animals is that she was with me when we had to put our lab down two years ago . she loved him as much as i did and he needed her there at the end . you can ' t ask for better love and support of your four legged kids than that !
6 . 7 in ( 17 cm ) ; male 1 . 8–1 . 9 oz ( 52–55 g ) ; female 1 . 6 oz ( 45 g ) . strong lark with large head . short but massive bill most conspicuous . blunt , toothlike projection on middle of lower mandible fits into notch on upper mandible . upperparts uniformly pink / gray - brown , chest to vent with large black spots , sides of head blackish , throat and eye - ring white ; plumage of females of less contrasting color and not so heavily streaked .
as far as one knows , courtship behavior is displayed on the ground . the male hops and steps around the female in upright posture spreading and cocking its tail - feathers . the undertail - coverts are presented to the female ( they are entirely black in the black and the black - crowned sparrow - lark ) . the wings are drooped and also spread to some degree quivering slightly . the crown feathers are raised even in species without elongated crest feathers . during display , the male utters song fragments . occasionally , the male presents food items to its mate immediately before copulation ( courtshipfeeding ) .
4 . 5–4 . 9 in ( 11 . 5–12 . 5 cm ) ; male 0 . 5–0 . 6 oz ( 14–16 g ) ; female 0 . 4 oz ( 12 g ) ; one of the smallest lark species . sparrow - larks , like finches or sparrows , have a proportionally large head and a strong conical bill . sexes are dimorphic with respect to plumage color . female mainly pale brown and streaked , male with white forehead , cheeks , sides of neck , and collar of nape . crown , stripe through eye to base of bill , and lower border of cheek black . underparts entirely black , upperparts grayish brown .


the wingspan is about 25 mm for males and 35 mm for females .

fraus pteromela

fraus pteromela is a moth of the hepialidae family . it is found in most of the southern half of australia .
hectomanes pteromela lower , 1892 ; trans . r . soc . s . austr . 15 : 5 ; tl : s . australia
fraus pteromela ; [ aucl ] ; [ nhm card ] ; nielsen , robinson & wagner , 2000 , j . nat . hist . 34 : 835 ( list )
fraus sp . photo courtesy of david fischer fraus simulans . victoria . march 31 , 2017 photo courtesy of nick temby©
fraus quadrangula nielsen & kristensen , 1989 ; monogr . austral . lepid . 1 : 130
fraus serrata nielsen & kristensen , 1989 ; monogr . austral . lepid . 1 : 137
fraus minima nielsen & kristensen , 1989 ; monogr . austral . lepid . 1 : 123 ; tl : australia
fraus megacornis nielsen & kristensen , 1989 ; monogr . austral . lepid . 1 : 125 ; tl : australia
fraus basicornis nielsen & kristensen , 1989 ; monogr . austral . lepid . 1 : 127 ; tl : australia
fraus tedi nielsen & kristensen , 1989 ; monogr . austral . lepid . 1 : 129 ; tl : australia
fraus marginispina nielsen & kristensen , 1989 ; monogr . austral . lepid . 1 : 132 ; tl : australia
fraus latistria nielsen & kristensen , 1989 ; monogr . austral . lepid . 1 : 138 ; tl : tasmania
fraus linogyna nielsen & kristensen , 1989 ; monogr . austral . lepid . 1 : 139 ; tl : australia
fraus distispina nielsen & kristensen , 1989 ; monogr . austral . lepid . 1 : 141 ; tl : australia
fraus mediaspina nielsen & kristensen , 1989 ; monogr . austral . lepid . 1 : 142 ; tl : australia
fraus biloba nielsen & kristensen , 1989 ; monogr . austral . lepid . 1 : 143 ; tl : australia
fraus basidispina nielsen & kristensen , 1989 ; monogr . austral . lepid . 1 : 145 ; tl : australia
fraus furcata nielsen & kristensen , 1989 ; monogr . austral . lepid . 1 : 148 ; tl : australia
fraus pilosa nielsen & kristensen , 1989 ; monogr . austral . lepid . 1 : 150 ; tl : australia
fraus griseomaculata nielsen & kristensen , 1989 ; monogr . austral . lepid . 1 : 161 ; tl : australia
fraus orientalis nielsen & kristensen , 1989 ; monogr . austral . lepid . 1 : 133 ; tl : new south wales
fraus bilineata ; [ aucl ] ; nielsen , robinson & wagner , 2000 , j . nat . hist . 34 : 835 ( list )
fraus serrata ; [ aucl ] ; nielsen , robinson & wagner , 2000 , j . nat . hist . 34 : 835 ( list )
fraus ( hepialidae ) ; [ nhm card ] ; nielsen , robinson & wagner , 2000 , j . nat . hist . 34 : 835 ( list )
fraus minima ; [ aucl ] ; [ nhm card ] ; nielsen , robinson & wagner , 2000 , j . nat . hist . 34 : 835 ( list )
fraus megacornis ; [ aucl ] ; [ nhm card ] ; nielsen , robinson & wagner , 2000 , j . nat . hist . 34 : 835 ( list )
fraus basicornis ; [ aucl ] ; [ nhm card ] ; nielsen , robinson & wagner , 2000 , j . nat . hist . 34 : 835 ( list )
fraus tedi ; [ aucl ] ; [ nhm card ] ; nielsen , robinson & wagner , 2000 , j . nat . hist . 34 : 835 ( list )
fraus quadrangula ; [ aucl ] ; [ nhm card ] ; nielsen , robinson & wagner , 2000 , j . nat . hist . 34 : 835 ( list )
fraus marginispina ; [ aucl ] ; [ nhm card ] ; nielsen , robinson & wagner , 2000 , j . nat . hist . 34 : 835 ( list )
fraus orientalis ; [ aucl ] ; [ nhm card ] ; nielsen , robinson & wagner , 2000 , j . nat . hist . 34 : 835 ( list )
fraus latistria ; [ aucl ] ; [ nhm card ] ; nielsen , robinson & wagner , 2000 , j . nat . hist . 34 : 835 ( list )
fraus linogyna ; [ aucl ] ; [ nhm card ] ; nielsen , robinson & wagner , 2000 , j . nat . hist . 34 : 835 ( list )
fraus distispina ; [ aucl ] ; [ nhm card ] ; nielsen , robinson & wagner , 2000 , j . nat . hist . 34 : 835 ( list )
fraus mediaspina ; [ aucl ] ; [ nhm card ] ; nielsen , robinson & wagner , 2000 , j . nat . hist . 34 : 835 ( list )
fraus biloba ; [ aucl ] ; [ nhm card ] ; nielsen , robinson & wagner , 2000 , j . nat . hist . 34 : 835 ( list )
fraus basidispina ; [ aucl ] ; [ nhm card ] ; nielsen , robinson & wagner , 2000 , j . nat . hist . 34 : 835 ( list )
fraus nanus ; [ aucl ] ; [ nhm card ] ; nielsen , robinson & wagner , 2000 , j . nat . hist . 34 : 835 ( list )
fraus furcata ; [ aucl ] ; [ nhm card ] ; nielsen , robinson & wagner , 2000 , j . nat . hist . 34 : 835 ( list )
fraus pilosa ; [ aucl ] ; [ nhm card ] ; nielsen , robinson & wagner , 2000 , j . nat . hist . 34 : 835 ( list )
fraus fusca ; [ aucl ] ; [ nhm card ] ; nielsen , robinson & wagner , 2000 , j . nat . hist . 34 : 835 ( list )
fraus crocea ; [ aucl ] ; [ nhm card ] ; nielsen , robinson & wagner , 2000 , j . nat . hist . 34 : 835 ( list )
fraus simulans ; [ aucl ] ; [ nhm card ] ; nielsen , robinson & wagner , 2000 , j . nat . hist . 34 : 835 ( list )
fraus polyspila ; [ aucl ] ; [ nhm card ] ; nielsen , robinson & wagner , 2000 , j . nat . hist . 34 : 835 ( list )
fraus griseomaculata ; [ aucl ] ; [ nhm card ] ; nielsen , robinson & wagner , 2000 , j . nat . hist . 34 : 835 ( list )
fraus pelagia ; [ aucl ] ; [ nhm card ] ; nielsen , robinson & wagner , 2000 , j . nat . hist . 34 : 835 ( list )
adults fly mostly in the autumn and a few species occur in large numbers . larvae of fraus simulans construct vertical silk - lined tunnels in the soil and feed on surface grasses from within silk lined webbing ( grehan , 1989 )
the source code for museums victoria collections is available on github under the mit license .
html public
- / / w3c / / dtd xhtml 1 . 0 transitional / / en
urltoken
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urltoken
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curators : konstantin efetov , vasiliy feoktistov , svyatoslav knyazev , evgeny komarov , stan korb , alexander zhakov .
species catalog enables to sort by characteristics such as expansion , flight time , etc . .
is monophyletic with respect to ( 1 ) elongate elliptical scales with a short , finely serrated apical margin and ( 2 ) patch of hair - scales at the base of the female hindwing ( nielsen & kristensen , 1989 ) .
nielsen , , e . s . and kristensen , n . p . 1989 .
s . e . big desert at 15 . 5 km . w . s . w . of rainbow , victoria , australia , 22 april 2008
paratype . australia : coolgardie , june 5 , 1965 . image courtesy of thomas j . witt©
det . e . s . nielsen , 1983 . new zealand arthropod collection . image : jane hyland ( cmnh )
= ; [ aucl ] ; [ nhm card ] ; nielsen , robinson & wagner , 2000 , j . nat . hist . 34 : 835 ( list )
= ; [ aucl ] ; nielsen , robinson & wagner , 2000 , j . nat . hist . 34 : 835 ( list )
epiolus nanus herrich - schäffer , [ 1853 ] ; samml . aussereurop . schmett . ( i ) 1 ( 3 ) : pl . 10 , f . 46
hectomanes crocea lucas , 1891 ; proc . linn . soc . n . s . w . ( 2 ) 6 ( 2 ) : 283 ; tl : australia
= ; nielsen , robinson & wagner , 2000 , j . nat . hist . 34 : 835 ( list ) ; [ aucl ]
hectomanes polyspila meyrick , 1890 ; proc . linn . soc . n . s . w . ( 2 ) 4 ( 4 ) : 1127 ; tl : victoria
hectomanes pelagia turner , 1927 ; pap . proc . r . soc . tasm . 1926 : 164 ; tl : tasmania
[ maps ] warning ! the maps are automatically generated from the textual information , and the process does not always produce acceptable result ; see about maps for more info .
walker , 1865 list of the specimens of lepidopterous insects in the collection of the british museum list spec . lepid . insects colln br . mus . 31 : 1 - 322 ( [ 1865 ] ) , 32 : 323 - 706 ( 1865 ) , 33 : 707 - 1120 ( 1865 ) , 34 : 1121 - 1534 ( [ 1866 ] ) , 35 : 1535 - 2040 ( 1866 )
if you have corrections , comments or information to add into these pages , just send mail to markku savela keep in mind that the taxonomic information is copied from various sources , and may include many inaccuracies . expert help is welcome .
ebooks best sellers human anatomy : v . 3 : regional and applied 8123911572 pdf by b . d . chaurasia


the larvae feed on brassicaceae species , including diplotaxis harra .

euchloe aegyptiaca

euchloe aegyptiaca is a butterfly in the pieridae family . it is found from libya to egypt and jordan , extending into saudi arabia .
euchloe belemia palaestinensis röber , 1907 ; in seitz , grossschmett . erde 1 : 51
euchloe ausonia sovinskyi sheljuzhko , 1928 ; lep . rdsch . 2 ( 7 ) : 75
euchloe ausonides ausonides ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 170
euchloe ausonides ogilvia ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 170
euchloe ausonides insulanus ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 170
euchloe creusa creusa ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 171
= euchloe olympia ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 171
euchloe hyantis hyantis ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 171
= euchloe ausonides ausonides ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 170
= euchloe ausonides coloradensis ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 170
= euchloe creusa creusa ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 171
= euchloe hyantis hyantis ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 171
euchloe ausonia melanochloros ; [ bmat ] : 11 , pl . 4 , f . 28 - 40
euchloe tagis ; [ bow ] : pl . 4 , f . 17 ; [ otakar kudrna ]
euchloe tagis pechi ; [ bmat ] : 12 , pl . 5 , f . 1 - 5
euchloe tagis atlasica ; [ bmat ] : 12 , pl . 5 , f . 6 - 10
euchloe tagis reisseri ; [ bmat ] : 13 , pl . 5 , f . 11 - 10
? euchloe charlonia elisabethae hemming , 1932 ; trans . ent . soc . lond . 80 : 287
euchloe naina ; [ opler ] ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 171
? euchloe belia melisande fruhstorfer , 1908 ; ent . zs . 22 ( 12 ) : 51 ; tl : palestine
euchloe lessei bernardi , 1957 ; bull . soc . ent . fr . 62 : 38 ; tl : ; iran
euchloe belemia belemia ; winhard , 2000 , butterflies of the world 10 : 6 , pl . 5 , f . 18
euchloe belemia hesperidum rothschild , 1913 ; novit . zool . 20 ( 1 ) : 111 ; tl : canary is .
euchloe crameri crameri ; winhard , 2000 , butterflies of the world 10 : 6 , pl . 5 , f . 20
euchloe tagis tagis ; winhard , 2000 , butterflies of the world 10 : 6 , pl . 5 , f . 19
euchloe crameri mauretanica röber , 1907 ; in seitz , grossschmett . erde 1 : 53 , pl . 22 , f . d
euchloe ausonides coloradensis ; [ nacl ] , # 4200a ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 170
euchloe ausonides palaeoreios ; [ nacl ] , # 4200b ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 170
euchloe ausonides insulanus guppy & shepard , 2001 ; butts . b . c . : 160 ; tl : wellington , british columbia
euchloe hyantis andrewsi ; [ nacl ] , # 4203a ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 172
euchloe tagis bellezina ; back , 2001 , atalanta 32 ( 1 / 2 ) : pl . iii , f . 3e - f
euchloe ausonides r . andrewsi martin , 1958 ; bull . south . calif . acad . sci . 35 ( 2 ) : 94
euchloe lotta ; [ boc ] , 146 ; [ opler ] ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 172
euchloe belemia ; [ ebw ] ; [ bow ] : pl . 4 , f . 11 ; [ afrl ] ; [ otakar kudrna ]
euchloe tagis calvensis ; back , 2001 , atalanta 32 ( 1 / 2 ) : pl . iii , f . 2 , 3c - d
euchloe penia ; winhard , 2000 , butterflies of the world 10 : 6 , pl . 5 , f . 22 ; [ otakar kudrna ]
euchloe belemia palaestinensis ; back , 2001 , atalanta 32 ( 1 / 2 ) : pl . via , f . 7 - 8 ( larva )
euchloe lucilla butler , 1886 ; proc . zool . soc . lond . 1886 ( 3 ) : 376 , pl . 35 , f . 4
euchloe belemia hesperidum ; back , 2001 , atalanta 32 ( 1 / 2 ) : 103 - 106 , pl . v , f . 1 - 2
euchloe belia naina kozhanchikov , 1923 ; jb . martjanov staatmus . minussinsk , 1 ( 1 ) : 3 ; tl : w . sayan , lake buiba
euchloe ausonides mayi f . & r . chermock , 1940 ; can . ent . 72 ( 4 ) : 81 ; tl : riding mtns , man .
euchloe ausonides mayi ; [ nacl ] , # 4200c ; [ boc ] , 142 ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 170
euchloe tagis atlasica rungs , 1950 ; bull . soc . sci . nat . maroc 28 : 144 ; tl : col de tambrata and ifrane ( morocco )
euchloe ausonia algirica gen . aest . pseudonymus rothschild , 1917 ; novit . zool . 24 ( 1 ) : 83 ; tl : c . and s . algeria
euchloe creusa ; [ ebw ] ; [ nacl ] , # 4201 ; [ opler ] ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 171
euchloe crameri ; back , 1990 , atalanta 21 ( 3 / 4 ) : pl . iii , f . 13 - 15 ( larva ) ; [ otakar kudrna ]
euchloe simplonia ; back , 1990 , atalanta 21 ( 3 / 4 ) : pl . iii , f . 7 - 9 ( larva ) ; [ otakar kudrna ]
euchloe belia naina ♀ ab . koshantschikoffi bang - haas , 1927 ; horae macrolep . palaearct . 1 : 40 , pl . 5 , f . 15 ; tl : sajan
euchloe naina jakutia ; dubatolov & kosterin , 1994 , atalanta 25 ( 3 / 4 ) : 514 ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 171
euchloe hyantis ; [ nacl ] , # 4203 ; [ boc ] , 144 ; [ opler ] ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 171
euchloe simplonia jakutia back , 1991 ; atalanta 21 ( 3 / 4 ) : 193 , pl . ii , f . 3 - 4 ; tl : yakutia , suntar mts .
euchloe naina irina dubatolov & kosterin , 1994 ; atalanta 25 ( 3 / 4 ) : 513 ; tl : se . kazakhstan , dzhungarian alatau , 40 - 50km ene of tekeli
euchloe ausonides palaeoreios johnson , 1976 ; j . lep . soc . 30 ( 4 ) : 253 ; tl : spearfish canyon , near spearfish , lawrence co . , south dakota
euchloe ausonia ; [ bru ] , 156 ; [ ebw ] ; back , 1990 , atalanta 21 ( 3 / 4 ) : pl . iii , f . 10 - 12 ( larva ) ; [ otakar kudrna ]
euchloe olympia ; [ nacl ] , # 4202 ; [ ebw ] ; [ bow ] : pl . 17 , f . 21 ; [ opler ] ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 171
euchloe guaymasensis opler , 1986 ; j . lep . soc . 40 ( 3 ) : 188 , f . 1 - 3 ; tl : mexico , estado de sonora , las avispas microwave relay , 2000 ' , 40 mi n guayamas
euchloe belemia eversi ; winhard , 2000 , butterflies of the world 10 : 6 , pl . 5 , f . 17 ; back , 2001 , atalanta 32 ( 1 / 2 ) : pl . via , f . 3 - 6 ( larva )
euchloe tagis piemonti back , 2001 ; atalanta 32 ( 1 / 2 ) : 100 , pl . iii , f . 1 , 3a - b , pl . iv , f . 5 - 17 ; tl : andonno , piemonte , italy , 800m
euchloe falloui ; [ ebw ] ; [ bow ] : pl . 4 , f . 11 ( text only ) ; [ bmat ] : 13 , pl . 5 , f . 20 - 32 ; [ bafr ] , 56 ; [ afrl ]
euchloe guaymasensis ; holland , 1995 , j . lep . soc . 49 ( 2 ) : 122 , f . 2 ; [ opler ] ; [ nl4a ] , # 128 ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 172
euchloe tagis reisseri back & reissinger , 1989 ; nota lepid . 12 ( 2 ) : 86 - 102 , [ 93 ] ( f . a - d ) , 94 ( f . e , f ) , 95 ( f . 1 - 12 ) ] ; tl : xauen ( morocco )
euchloe ausonides ; [ nacl ] , # 4200 ; [ ebw ] ; [ bow ] : pl . 17 , f . 20 ; back , 1990 , atalanta 21 ( 3 / 4 ) : pl . iii , f . 4 - 6 ( larva ) ; [ boc ] , 142 ; [ opler ] ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 170
size : 30 - 35 mm . distinguished by the irregular green markings of the underside of the hindwing .
eol content is automatically assembled from many different content providers . as a result , from time to time you may find pages on eol that are confusing .
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© 2016 , butterfly conservation society , ghana - african butterfly research institute - icom ltd .
confused by a class within a class or an order within an order ? please see our brief essay .
to cite this page : myers , p . , r . espinosa , c . s . parr , t . jones , g . s . hammond , and t . a . dewey . 2018 . the animal diversity web ( online ) . accessed at https : / / animaldiversity . org .
disclaimer : the animal diversity web is an educational resource written largely by and for college students . adw doesn ' t cover all species in the world , nor does it include all the latest scientific information about organisms we describe . though we edit our accounts for accuracy , we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts . while adw staff and contributors provide references to books and websites that we believe are reputable , we cannot necessarily endorse the contents of references beyond our control .
this material is based upon work supported by the national science foundation grants drl 0089283 , drl 0628151 , due 0633095 , drl 0918590 , and due 1122742 . additional support has come from the marisla foundation , um college of literature , science , and the arts , museum of zoology , and information and technology services .
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elphinstonia klots , 1930 ; bull . brooklyn ent . soc . 25 ( 2 ) : 87 ; ts : anthocharis charlonia donzel
papilio belemia esper , 1800 ; die schmett . , suppl . th 1 ( 8 - 9 ) : 92 , pl . 110 , f . 2 ; tl : s . spain
larva on sisymbrium sp . , diplotaxis tennuisiliqua , biscutella didyma , sisymbrium bourgeanum [ bmat ]
pontia simplonia freyer , 1829 ; beitr . eur . schmett . 2 : pl . 75 , f . 2
naf , seu , asia minor , amurland , baluchistan - chitral . see [ maps ]
papilio marchandae geyer , 1832 ; samml . eur . schmett . [ 1 ] : pl . 188 , f . 926 - 928
larva on isatis tinctoria , moricandia arvensis , biscutella sp . , sinapis sp . , bunias sp . , iberis sp . [ bmat ]
ausonia graeca ( verity , [ 1908 ] ) ; rhopalocera palaearctica 1 : 175 , pl . 36 , f . 20
ausonia transiens ( verity , [ 1908 ] ) ; rhopalocera palaearctica 1 : 180 , 338 , pl . 37 , f . 12
w . pamirs , n . afghanistan , pakistan , india . see [ maps ]
anthocharis daphalis moore , 1865 ; proc . zool . soc . lond . 1865 ( 2 ) : 491 , pl . 31 , f . 14 ; tl : kunawur
e . turkey , transcaucasia - iran , afghanistan - s . alai . see [ maps ]
= anthocharis belia var . daphalis ; grum - grshimailo , 1890 , in romanoff , mém . lép . 4 : 229
pulverata alaica ( verity , 1911 ) ; rhopalocera palaearctica 1 : 338 , pl . 67 , f . 33 - 36
altai , n . mongolia - chukot peninsula , altai , sayan , transbaikalia , amur . see [ maps ]
anthocharis ausonides lucas , 1852 ; revue mag . zool . ( 2 ) 4 ( 7 ) : 340 ; tl : san francisco , california
: canada , yukon , ogilve mts . , dempster hwy mile 45 , 500 - 1300m
= auchloe ausonides transmontana ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 170
auchloe ausonides transmontana ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 170
altai - chukot , ussuri , amur , transbaikalia , na ? . see [ maps ]
? ab . alexandri ( turati , 1921 ) ; atti soc . ital . sci . nat . 60 : 212 , f . 2
orientalis emiorientalis ( verity , 1911 ) ; rhopalocera palaearctica 1 : 338 , pl . 67 , f . 37 - 38
anthocharis pechi baker , 1885 ; ent . mon . mag . 21 : 241 ; tl : lambessa
larva on iberis odorata , iberis sp . , iberis ciliata ? , i . taurica ? [ bmat ]
anthocharis insularis staudinger , 1861 ; in staudinger & wocke , cat . lep . ( ed . 1 ) : 2 ; tl : corsica ?
canary islands , morocco , algeria , tunisia , tibesti , macedonia , egypt , sudan , iran , baluchistan , punjab . see [ maps ]
anthocharis charlonia f . atlantica stauder , 1914 ; z . wiss . insektbiol . 10 ( 3 ) : 84 , ( 4 ) : 125 ( f . 2 ) ; tl : el kantara ( algeria )
anthocharis charlonia var . mesopotamica staudinger , [ 1892 ] ; dt . ent . z . iris 4 ( 2 ) : 228
anthocharis charlonia var . transcaspica staudinger , [ 1892 ] ; dt . ent . z . iris 4 ( 2 ) : 228 ; tl :
krasnovodsk
,
achal - tekke
,
schahrud
transcaspica doveri evans , 1932 ; indian butterflies ( edn . 2 ) : 65
transcaspica pila evans , 1932 ; indian butterflies ( edn . 2 ) : 65
penia ( freyer , 1852 ) ; neuere beitr . schmett . 6 : pl . 574 , f . 4
s . turkmenia , uzbekistan , tajikistan , n . iran . see [ maps ]
anthocharis tomyris christoph , 1884 ; in romanoff , mém . lépid . 1 : 99 , pl . 6 , f . 1a - b ; tl : askhabad , turkmenia
n . africa ( desert regions ) , sudan , somalia , arabia . see [ maps ]
larva on moricandia arvensis , m . sinaica , reseda muricata , diplotaxis acris , schouwia thebaica , zilla spinosa [ bmat ]
anthocaris [ sic ] olympia edwards , 1871 ; trans . amer . ent . soc . 3 : 266 ; tl : [ kanawha co . , west virginia ]
larva on descurainia pinnata holland , 1995 , j . lep . soc . 49 ( 2 ) : 127
anthocaris [ sic ] hyantis edwards , 1871 ; trans . amer . ent . soc . 3 ( 3 / 4 ) : 205 ; tl : ukiah , mendocino , co . , california
colorado , arizona , utah , california , montana , oregon , colorado . see [ maps ]
: klamath co . , oregon ; modoc co . , california ; lasse , colorado
larva on arabis furcata , a . sparsiflora , arabis bolboellii , halimolobos whitedi [ boc ]
checklist of afrotropical papilionoidea and hesperoidea ; compiled by mark c . williams , 7th ed . ( 2008 ) ( april 2007 ) ;
the dates of e . j . c . esper ' s die schmetterlinge in abblidungen . . . 1776 - [ 1830 ] ; archives of natural history ( 1981 ) 10 ( 2 ) : 251 - 254
butterflies of north america . 2 . scientific names list for butterfly species of north america , north of mexico .
[ ² ] this may require parentheses or not . i don ' t have the necessary information for this taxon .
( fabiano , 1993 ) d ' aragón , dans le n . - e . de l ' espagne : '
lepidopteren ost - sibiriens , insbesondere der amur - landes , gesammelt von den herren g . radde , r . maack und p . wulffius
the genera of diurnal lepidoptera , comprising their generic characters , a notice of their habitats and transformations , and a catalogue of the species of each genus ; illustrated with 86 plates by w . c . hewitson
die schmetterlinge in abbildungen nach der natur mit beschreibungen . theil i . die tagschmetterlinge . supplement theil 1 . abschnitt 1
neuere beiträge zur schmetterlingskunde mit abbildungen nach der natur . ( 81 - 100 )
concerning the name anthocaris coloradensis hy . edwards with designation of a new subspecies ( pieridae )
list of diurnal lepidoptera collected by capt . a . m . lang in the n . w . himalayas
some undescribed rhopalocera from mesopotamia and n . w . persia ; and other notes
lepidotteri di cirenaica . ( raccolti dal prof . a . ghigi durante l ' escurisione organizzata dal touring club italiano nel mese di aprile 1920 )
rhopalocera palaearctica iconographie et description des papillons diurnes de la région paléarctique . papilionidae et pieridae
winhard , 2000 pieridae i butterflies of the world 10 : 1 - 40 , pl . title , 1 - 48 , back
if you have corrections , comments or information to add into these pages , just send mail to markku savela keep in mind that the taxonomic information is copied from various sources , and may include many inaccuracies . expert help is welcome .
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a taxon identifier is composed of name , author , year and attribute , all separated by a blank . these are all extracted from the original publication .
the name is reproduced exactly as proposed in the original publication . the name of a genus is made up of one word and species made up of two words ( genus and species ) separated by a blank .
the author ' s name is made up of a string of letters , with no blanks , and multiple authors ' names are separated by a comma . spelling of author ' s name is based on the original publication . if there are more than three authors , only the names of the first two authors are shown , followed by
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and the number of omitted authors .
attribute is enclosed in square brackets . this is rarely needed , but to differentiate homo - identifiers , this will contain the page , line or plate number of original publication .
all diacritic marks , hyphens , and apostrophes are eliminated , thus only the following characters are used : a to z , a to z , 0 to 9 , blank , comma , and opening and closing square brackets . although upper and lower cases are used for the convenience of human recognition , it is not case sensitive .
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rhamphochromis macrophthalmus is a species of piscivorous cichlid endemic to lake malawi where it prefers open waters at depths of from 30 to 109 metres ( 98 to 358 ft ) .

this species can reach a length of 28.9 centimetres ( 11.4 in ) sl .

it can also be found in the aquarium trade .

rhamphochromis macrophthalmus

there is currently no quality picture available to illustrate rhamphochromis macrophthalmus regan , 1922 , should you have one you would like to contribute , please contact the cichlid room companion editor .
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maréchal , c . , 1991 . rhamphochromis . p . 422 - 424 . in j . daget , j . - p . gosse , g . g . teugels and d . f . e . thys van den audenaerde ( eds . ) check - list of the freshwater fishes of africa ( cloffa ) . isnb , brussels ; mrac , tervuren ; and orstom , paris . vol . 4 . ( ref . 5689 )
this species is most common on shelf zone at 50–100 m , but can also be found between 30–110 m . it can also be found off submerged reefs . juveniles are found in the same habitats as adults . it has a fecundity of 154–202 eggs . the length of maturity is 19 . 9 cm for males and 18 . 6 cm for females . it is commonly caught in bottom and semi pelagic trawl catches in the south as well as by hand line and gillnet catches in the north . sometimes exported by the aquarium trade and is known as
rhamphochromis
. max . size : 29 . 8 cm sl .
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thank you for taking the time to provide feedback on the iucn red list of threatened species website , we are grateful for your input .
snoeks , j . ( freshwater fish red list authority ) & darwall , w . ( freshwater biodiversity assessment programme )
justification : endemic to lake malawi where it is widespread with no major widespread threats identified .
a potential threat is over - fishing by the commercial trawlers in the southern part of the lake .
to make use of this information , please check the < terms of use > .
gland , switzerland , 5 july 2018 ( iucn ) – australia’s unique reptiles – including lizards and snakes – face severe threats from invasive species and climate change , with 7 % of th . . .
the value of medicinal and aromatic plant trade has increased three - fold in the past 20 years , but traditional harvesting practices are being replaced by less sustainable alternatives . . . .
a recently released iucn technical brief recommends increasing investments in sustainable land management practices , as well as better cooperation between agriculturalists and conservationists to conse . . .
greek , rhamphos = bill , peak + greek , chromis = a fish , perhaps a perch ( ref . 45335 )
freshwater ; demersal ; ph range : 7 . 5 - 8 . 2 ; depth range 30 - 109 m ( ref . 55949 ) , usually 50 - 100 m ( ref . 55949 ) . tropical ; 20°c - 25°c ( ref . 13614 ) ; 9°s - 15°s
maturity : l m ? , range 19 - ? cm max length : 29 . 8 cm sl male / unsexed ; ( ref . 55949 )
diagnosis : large , big - toothed brownish species ; eyes rather large ; premaxillary pedicel relatively short ( ref . 55949 ) .
common on the shelf zone ; occasionally found off reefs ; but not commonly recorded from the middle of the lake ( ref . 55949 ) . moves in the open water but stays 2 - 5 m above the substrate ; feeds on fish like the small utaka and usipa ( engraulicypris sardella ) ( ref . 5595 ) .
species probably forms breeding leks on or near the bottom ; juveniles are common in the adult habitat ( ref . 55949 ) .
phylogenetic diversity index ( ref . 82805 ) : pd 50 = 0 . 5156 [ uniqueness , from 0 . 5 = low to 2 . 0 = high ] .
bayesian length - weight : a = 0 . 01000 ( 0 . 00244 - 0 . 04107 ) , b = 3 . 04 ( 2 . 81 - 3 . 27 ) , in cm total length , based on all lwr estimates for this body shape ( ref . 93245 ) .
trophic level ( ref . 69278 ) : 4 . 2 ±0 . 73 se ; based on food items .
resilience ( ref . 69278 ) : medium , minimum population doubling time 1 . 4 - 4 . 4 years ( preliminary k or fecundity . ) .
vulnerability ( ref . 59153 ) : moderate vulnerability ( 36 of 100 ) .
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distinguished by its large eyes ( hence the name ) and its 1 - 2 horizontal line ( s ) . this fish is an important food source for the people living around the lake and is quite abundant in very deep water . their slender bodies are designed for the speedy pursuit of prey .
pronunciation : refer to our pronunciation key for an explanation of the phonetic symbols .
habitat : this is the primary location where the cichlid is found and is a generalization . this does not mean a fish cannot be found in other habitats .
diet : many cichlids specialize in eating one type of food ; notwithstanding , some of these specialized feeders are flexible and can be opportunistic feeders .
temperament : this describes the overall demeanor of a cichlid toward other tankmates that are of a different species . consider that there is variability in temperament due to various factors , including aquarium size , tankmates of similar appearance , stocking levels , and order of introduction . there may even be some variability among individual specimens .
conspecific temperament : this describes the overall demeanor of a cichlid toward other tank - mates of the same species . consider that there is variability in temperament due to such factors as aquarium size , stocking levels and order of introduction . there may even be some variability among individual specimens .
maximum size : this is in regards to total length ( including the tail ) of typical aquarium specimens . wild specimens may not attain this size , or may in fact grow larger than aquarium raised individuals due to various factors . also consider that this is the typical maximum size and there are exceptional individuals that will exceed it .
difficulty : this measure is a relative value , comparing a single species against all other cichlids . this only accounts for maintanence in the aquarium and not breeding considerations . 1 = easy and forgiving , 5 = extremely challenging .
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species profiles presents in depth studies , articles , and information surrounding the numerous species of lake malawi cichlids .
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disclaimer : itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available , and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties . however , it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes . while every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and up - to - date information available , ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in provisions of treaties to which the united states is a party , wildlife statutes , regulations , and any applicable notices that have been published in the federal register . for further information on u . s . legal requirements with respect to protected taxa , please contact the u . s . fish and wildlife service .
one of the three syntypes ( bmnh 1921 . 9 . 6 : 217 - 219 ) . drawing from regan ( 1922 : plate vi , fig . 1 ) .
last update : 18 november 1999 web author : m . k . oliver , ph . d . copyright © 1997 - 2018 by m . k . oliver - all rights reserved
pam chin has been replying to cichlid questions for over twenty years . highly respected and experienced aquarist , pam has visited cichlid habitats around the world , and bred in her ' s and her husband gary fish house hundreds of cichlid species . besides her job , she still devotes time to help any person with a cichlid question !
articles for sale beautifully formatted and wonderfully illustrated pdf articles about all matters relative to cichlids .
books for sale cichlid books and dvds for sale at the cichlid room companion .
e - books for sale pdf copies of popular cichlid books offered for sale at the best price .
trade section the master list of cichlid offers ordered by area and species name .
genner , martin & p . nichols , g . r . carvalho , r . l . robinson , p . w . shaw , a . smith & g . f . turner . 2007 .
evolution of a cichlid fish in a lake malawi satellite lake
. proceedings of the royal society of london b . v . 274 ( n . 1623 ) , pp 2249–2257 ( crc01924 ) ( abstract )
regan , charles tate . 1922 .
the cichlid fishes of lake nyassa
. proceedings of the zoological society of london . 1921 ( pt 4 ) n . 36 ; pp . 675 - 727 ( crc00066 )
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confused by a class within a class or an order within an order ? please see our brief essay .
to cite this page : myers , p . , r . espinosa , c . s . parr , t . jones , g . s . hammond , and t . a . dewey . 2018 . the animal diversity web ( online ) . accessed at https : / / animaldiversity . org .
disclaimer : the animal diversity web is an educational resource written largely by and for college students . adw doesn ' t cover all species in the world , nor does it include all the latest scientific information about organisms we describe . though we edit our accounts for accuracy , we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts . while adw staff and contributors provide references to books and websites that we believe are reputable , we cannot necessarily endorse the contents of references beyond our control .
this material is based upon work supported by the national science foundation grants drl 0089283 , drl 0628151 , due 0633095 , drl 0918590 , and due 1122742 . additional support has come from the marisla foundation , um college of literature , science , and the arts , museum of zoology , and information and technology services .