erechthias lychnopa is a moth of the family tineidae .

it is known from new zealand .

the wingspan is about 15 mm .

the forewings are grey , irrorated ( speckled ) with blackish scales which are edged in whitish .

there is a white mark on the middle of the costal edge .

the median portion of the apical area is dark grey mixed with blackish and speckled with white .

above and below this are orange ochreous spots .

the hindwings are dark grey with an apical spot consisting of whitish speckling .

erechthias lychnopa

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zimmerman , e . c . 1978 ,
microlepidoptera
, insects of hawaii , vol . 9 , no . 2 vols , pp . i - xviii , 1 - 1903 , pls 1 - 8
bradley , j . d . 1956 ,
microlepidoptera from lord howe island and norfolk island
, bulletin of the british museum ( natural history ) entomology , vol . 4 , pp . 145 - 164
meyrick , e . 1929 ,
the micro - lepidoptera of the
st . george
expedition
, transactions of the entomological society of london , vol . 76 , pp . 489 - 521
gozmàny , l . a . 1968 ,
some tineid moths of the ethiopian region in the collections of the british museum ( nat . hist . ) . 2
, acta zoologica hungarica , vol . 14 , pp . 301 - 334
meyrick , e . 1886 ,
descriptions of lepidoptera from the south pacific
, transactions of the entomological society of london , vol . 1886 , pp . 189 - 296
meyrick , e . 1880 ,
descriptions of australian micro - lepidoptera . iv . tineina
, proceedings of the linnean society of new south wales , ser . 1 , vol . 5 , no . 2 , pp . 204 - 271
turner , a . j . 1933 ,
new australian lepidoptera
, transactions of the royal society of south australia , vol . 57 , pp . 159 - 182
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : 5ce3445d - 7d3a - 48b7 - b844 - 0d63597d7da9
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : 88366219 - 5c6b - 4095 - b986 - e529e2ac150f
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : 54448637 - 7fce - 4845 - a491 - 2e68c93d517c
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . name : 259814
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[ read before the wellington philosophical society , 10th september , 1925 ; received by editor , 11th september , 1925 ; issued separately , 19th february , 1927 . ]
the following material has been communicated by my esteemed correspondent , mr . g . v . hudson , and was captured by himself , except where otherwise specified .
♀ 22 mm . head , palpi , and thorax dark fuscous with a few whitish specks , collar mixed ochreous . forewings moderate , rather dilated , termen little oblique ; rather dark fuscous , a few scattered whitish and ochreous scales ; first and second lines hardly indicated by limiting shades of scattered white - scales , posterior edge of second line more distinctly white on costa ; orbicular small , round , blackish , claviform beneath it , more elongate and undefined , blackish , discal forming a small transverse light ochreous spot edged on each side with some blackish suffusion ; subterminal line hardly indicated by a few white scales : cilia grey - whitish , a grey subbasal shade . hindwings grey , somewhat darker posteriorly ; cilia whitish , a grey subbasal shade .
mount holdsworth , tararua range , about 4 , 000 feet , in january ; one specimen . very distinct , possibly allied to encapna .
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♂ 24 mm . head , palpi , and thorax brown mixed dark fuscous . forewings narrow at base , moderately dilated , termen rather oblique ; brown , suffusedly mixed blackish - fuscous , tending to form thick undefined streaks between veins ; first and second lines obscurely whitish , rather irregular , first rather curved , hardly oblique , edged with blackish shade posteriorly , second at 4 / 5 , nearly parallel to termen , but rather excurved on median third , edged with blackish shade anteriorly ; orbicular and claviform elongate , suffused , blackish , confluent with dark margin of first line , discal suffused x - shape , blackish ; subterminal line obscure , greyish , incurved in middle but not quite touching second line : cilia whitish - grey , a grey subbasal shade . hindwings pale brassy - greyish ; cilia whitish , a pale grey subbasal line .
mount holdsworth , in forest about 2 , 500 feet , in january ; one specimen . perhaps allied to axena .
♂ 18 mm . head ochreous - whitish . palpi grey , base white . thorax light fuscous . forewings elongate , not dilated , apex pointed ,
termen oblique ; light fuscous , a few scattered whitish scales ; discal spot cloudy , darker fuscous : cilia whitish - fuscous , base mixed grey . hindwings whitish - grey , greyer near termen ; cilia grey - whitish .
bold peak , l . wakatipu , in january ; one specimen . a peculiar form ; the male would probably have more ample forewings .
a ♀ of this species ( described from ♀ only ) from paekakariki is somewhat smaller than ♀ ( 15 mm . ) , and has grey hindwings , but otherwise does not differ particularly ; the costal fold of forewings extends to ⅓ .
a ♀ from botanical gardens , wellington , which i assign to this species , has the forewings , except extreme costal edge and cilia , wholly suffused light ferruginous , with distinct black discal dot . after seeing this i am satisfied that the specimen originally described as ♀ of epichorista siriana is a similar variety of leucaniana , and that the true ♀ of siriana resembles the ♂ .
mount arthur , 4 , 200 feet , in january ; two specimens ( ♂ miss stella hudson , ♀ taken by mr . hudson six years later at same place and season , both in fine condition ) . next latomana .
♂ 14 mm . head , palpi , thorax dark bronzy - brown . antennal ciliations three , whorled . forewings somewhat dilated , with slender costal fold on basal fifth , termen rather oblique ; ochreous , tinged or suffused purplish - grey except towards costa ; markings dark ferruginous - brown suffused dark fuscous on edges ; basal patch moderate , edge straight , almost direct ; central fascia moderate , somewhat narrower on dorsum , hardly oblique ; an almost direct fascia from costa at 2 / 3 , moderately broad on costa but finely attenuated on dorsal half , an -
terior margin somewhat excavated above middle and edged with a whitish mark ; posterior area beyond this wholly dark purplish - grey except a small ochreous costal spot beyond fascia , and an irregular ferruginous - ochreous subterminal streak : cilia ochreous , basal third and an apical spot dark grey . hindwings dark grey ; cilia light grey , basal third grey .
sinclair stream , wainui - o - mata , in december ; one specimen . quite peculiar .
♂ 21 mm . head white , a greyish bar on face , crown greyishtinged , collar ferruginous - grey . palpi whitish mixed grey and ferruginous . thorax white , a transverse median band and apex of crest deep ferruginous . forewings elongate - triangular , costa with moderate fold from base to ¼ , termen nearly straight , somewhat oblique ; whitish mixed light violet - grey , with some ferruginous strigulae ; a moderate basal patch , with subquadrate central prominence whence a strigula connects with a spot on dorsum before middle ; central fascia moderately broad , rather oblique ; costal patch represented by four dark violet - grey spots and an elongate - triangular violet - grey and ferruginous suffusion connecting them beneath ; an erect fasciate evenly broad and straight - edged streak from tornus nearly reaching this : cilia pale grey . hindwings grey , somewhat darker posteriorly ; cilia grey .
arthurs pass , about 4 , 000 feet , in january ( miss stella hudson ) ; one specimen ; stated to occur also on mount arthur . next sanguinea .
a fine example from wainui - o - mata shows a well - marked subdorsal tuft on forewings before middle , and thoracic crest ; i am not disposed , however , at present to separate it generically from borkhausenia , to some forms of which it is in all other respects closely related , but the structures should be noted .
head with appressed scales ; ocelli posterior ; tongue developed . antennae ¾ ( in ♂ probably with long ciliations ) , basal joint moderate , with narrow pecten . labial palpi moderate , curved , ascending , slender , second joint loosely scaled beneath , terminal joint shorter than second , pointed . maxillary palpi rudimentary . thorax with posterior crest . posterior tibiae rough - scaled above , with whorls of projecting scales on origin of spurs . forewings with large tufts of scales on surface ; 1b furcate , 2 from near angle , 7 absent , 11 from middle . hindwings under 1 , elongate - ovate , cilia 1 ; 3 and 4 connate , 5–7 somewhat approximated towards base .
a new form of unusual interest , allied to the remarkable australian genus petalanthes , of which it appears to be a development , differing in the absence of vein 7 , and reduction of terminal joint of palpi ; it belongs to the group of trachypepla . i infer , therefore , that it is to be included in that portion of the new zealand fauna which immigrated from queensland by way of new caledonia .
shedwood forest , tapawera , january ( miss stella hudson ) ; one specimen . this seemingly obscure but really beautiful little insect ( the smallest of the 154 new zealand oecophoridae ) is probably adapted by its complex marking and rough scaling for concealment on tree - trunks , and by its bright metallic and coppery ornamentation for flying in sunshine , both these habits being characteristic of the species of petalanthes also .
karori , wellington , february ; one specimen . this is in very good condition and shows no apparent raised scales , but seems to be truly allied to photinella , in which they are very slightly developed ; it is therefore probably assignable to trachypepla .
♂ 21 mm . head white , a dark fuscous bar on face . palpi white suffusedly mixed dark grey . thorax white , patagia suffused dark grey except tips . forewings moderate , posteriorly dilated , termen straight , rather oblique ; white , irregularly sprinkled grey , unevenly strewn with blackish or dark brown dots , tending to form longitudinal or transverse series ; some ferruginous suffusion towards base of costa ;
a small dark fuscous spot on costa at ⅓ , whence a fine rather curved dark fuscous stria runs to dorsum , adjoining this posteriorly a suffused feruginous spot in disc and some grey marbling towards dorsum ; a transverse brown - whitish mark on end of cell edged anteriorly with a few black scales , and posteriorly with dark grey suffusion , beyond this a transverse fascia , of grey marbling obscurely interrupted below middle , becoming darker and broader towards costa , on which it forms three or four small spots ; some slight brownish suffusion near termen ; a terminal series of blackish marks ; cilia grey - whitish , base barred white , a dark grey subbasal and pale grey postmedian line . hindwings whitish - grey ; a light grey spot on end of cell ; cilia whitish , basal half faintly barred greyish .
mount arthur , 4 , 000 feet , in january ( selwyn woodward ) ; one specimen . this , the third species of the endemic genus proteodes , is very distinct and interesting .
♀ 16 mm . head whitish with a few blackish scales . palpi whitish sprinkled blackish , terminal joint with broad blackish band . thorax pale pink mixed dark grey . forewings somewhat dilated , apex obtuse - pointed , termen faintly sinuate , oblique ; light rose - pink suffusedly mixed dark grey ; a small black spot on base of costa , and one just beyond and beneath it ; stigmata forming small black spots , plical obliquely beyond first discal and rather smaller , each of these followed by a white dot , second discal subquadrate ; the pink groundcolour forms small distinct spots on costa at middle and ¾ between patches of dark suffusion : cilia grey mixed pinky - whitish , base rose - pink . hindwings grey finely irrorated blackish - grey ; cilia grey , basal third blackish - grey .
mount arthur , about 3 , 500 feet , in january ( selwyn woodward ) ; one specimen .
head smooth ; ocelli posterior , tongue developed . antennae ( partly broken ) , basal joint elongate , rather dilated towards apex , without pecten ( ? ) . labial palpi , very long , recurved , slender , smooth , terminal joint as long as second , acute . maxillary palpi obsolete . posterior tibiae clothed with hairs above . forewings with 1b simple , 2 from angle , 2–4 parallel , 5 absent , 6 and 7 out of 8 , 7 to costa , 11 from middle . hindwings 3 / 5 , lanceolate , cilia 3 ; 2–4 parallel , 5 absent , 6 and 7 stalked .
♀ 14 mm . head , thorax ochreous - whitish ( rubbed ) . palpi whitish . forewings lanceolate , apex acutely produced , caudulate ; ochreous - whitish ; a fine dark grey line from disc at 4 / 5 to apex , terminating in a black apical dot : cilia ochreous - whitish , round apex short segments of blackish subbasal and grey postmedian lines . hind - wings pale grey ; cilia whitish .
arthur ' s pass , 4 , 000 feet , in february ; one specimen .
♀ 16 mm . head and palpi fuscous . thorax rather darker bronzy - fuscous . abdomen dark fuscous , ventral surface pale yellow . forewings suboblong , termen hardly oblique ; fuscous , with numerous irregular transverse cloudy dark purplish - fuscous striae ; second discal stigma forming a small transverse dark fuscous spot ; two slight whitish marks on dorsum about middle : cilia fuscous . hindwings blackish - grey ; cilia grey , basal third dark fuscous .
mount arthur , 4 , 000 feet , in january , one specimen . not in good condition , but quite a peculiar species .
karaka grove , near sinclair head , wellington , in november ; one specimen . near externella , but apparently quite distinct .
page 219 and 220 : gen . nov . 3 et n . sp . nzac e ip gen
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not bourbon ( foaled in ontario in 2005 ) is a canadian thoroughbred race horse .

he is owned and bred by charles e. fipke and ridden by jono jones .

at age two , not bourbon set a new woodbine track record in winning the bull page stakes .

racing at age three , he won the queenston stakes then upset heavily favored harlem rocker in the plate trial stakes .

on june 22 , 2008 , not bourbon captured the $ 1 million grade i queen 's plate , edging out the hard-charging filly ginger brew .

for trainer roger attfield , it was his record-tying eighth win in the canadian classic .

in the july 13th prince of wales stakes , the second leg of the canadian triple crown series , not bourbon finished sixth after flipping his palate during the race .

as a result , the colt had to undergo throat surgery .

for his 2008 performances , not bourbon was voted the sovereign award for champion 3-year-old male horse .

charles e. fipke , the colt 's breeder , is also the owner of tale of the ekati , who finished 4th after a good trip in the 2008 kentucky derby .

stud career not bourbon has stood for stud in both 2011 and 2012 at norse ridge farm in king city , ontario canada .

not bourbon

you’ve probably heard it before : all bourbon is whiskey , but not all whiskey is bourbon . if you’re a whiskey ( and especially bourbon ) drinker , you need to know what that means .
drink bourbon however they please . most bourbon distillers and experts also agree that bourbon makes a killer base spirit for all kinds of cocktails . so instead of making someone feel bad about the drinks they like , enjoy your neat glass of bourbon—quietly .
bourbon can be a contentious issue for drinkers . there are all kinds of “
“bourbon needs to be produced in america and made from 51 percent corn , and whiskey does not , ” says maker’s mark master distiller greg davis . bourbon also needs to be stored in new charred - oak barrels , whereas whiskey barrels do need to be oak but not new or charred . “lastly , to be called bourbon , the liquid needs to be distilled to no more than 160 proof and entered into the barrel at 125 . ” for other whiskies the liquid must be distilled to no more than 190 proof . david notes that this isn’t just common practice — “it’s actual bourbon law . ”
it is not common to age american whiskeys in used barrels , ” scheurich explains . “most distillers follow the current trend of making bourbon , rye and wheat whiskeys which require aging in new charred ( white ) oak barrels . boondocks is aged in used bourbon barrels which is unique in today ' s american whiskeys . ”
perhaps the most important rule of all , thou shalt not judge another’s bourbon technique . it can be tempting to preach to someone about how that bourbon , aged for 10 years and christened with the teardrops of angels , shouldn’t be tainted by apple juice or coke—or with anything , for that matter . but the reality is that people
scheurich has achieved this impressive smoothness by departing from standard bourbon practices in a couple of ways , and these are why it sits in the broader american whiskey category , not bourbon . it’s true it’s about 80 % corn , way above the 51 % minimum , and this is in part what accounts for its easy - drinking smoothness , but there are a couple of additional twists that set it outside the reservation .
not bourbon is the sire of 4 dams of 0 named foals of racing age , 0 rnrs ( 0 % ) , 0 wnrs ( 0 % ) , 0 2yo wnrs ( 0 % ) , 0 . 00 aei , 1 . 14 ci ; 0 sw , leading earner : ( $ ) .
want to take it a step further ? work bourbon into your desserts too . think holiday treats like a boozy , chocolatey
this is unusual stuff and explains much . bourbon has , by law , to be matured in new oak casks , so every year thousands of used , empty , ex - bourbon casks are shipped off to scotland where the distillers are more than happy to fill them with new - made scotch so it can absorb the unique characteristics of the bourbon - treated oak .
many bourbon purists—the most vocal ones , anyway—would have you believe that the sweet , slightly smoky elixir is only good for drinking neat . how dare you even add ice ! and though this is , indeed , a foolproof way to enjoy bourbon , it’s not the only one . don’t be afraid to add ice or a little bit of water to open the full potential of your beloved whiskey . mixers are also encouraged . there are hundreds of
not bourbon ( can ) ch . c , 2005 { 1 - k } dp = 4 - 3 - 11 - 4 - 0 ( 22 ) di = 1 . 32 cd = 0 . 32 - 15 starts , 7 wins , 2 places , 1 shows career earnings : $ 1 , 141 , 651
so , a new brand hoping to make headway among this flock of rival upstarts must be not only a good whiskey but have a stand - out name and image to go along with the liquid .
instead of trying to figure out the sometimes intimidating world of bourbon on your own , these are the simple rules you need to know .
bourbon is an iconic american spirit , but it wasn’t always thought of so highly . in the early to mid - 1900’s , bourbon was considered a “commodity” spirit . it was cheap , bitter , and very bad . “it’s truly remarkable to see what this industry has become , ” says davis . “what most folks don’t know is that while yes , bill samuels , sr . , created the recipe that changed the bourbon landscape forever , but it was his wife marge samuels who ideated the signature red wax seal , the label , and pretty much the entire look of maker’s mark distillery . ” this september , marge is being inducted into the bourbon hall of fame for her contribution to the bourbon arena .
. but , generally speaking , there’s no need to break the bank when looking for a drinkable bourbon . it’s even possible to find a really great bottle for
what better name for a bourbon than boondocks ? there are a lot of new boutique american whiskies , bourbons , and not - so - bourbons , popping up these days as the category continues its ascent – begun by bill samuels jr . with maker’s mark – to first respectability , by shedding its moonshine , sin - and - redemption reputation as cheap hooch , and now to the heights of hipster chic .
scheurich explains :
boondocks american whiskey varies from bourbon whiskey in two important ways : 1 ) it is distilled at a proof higher than 160 proof which makes the distillate cleaner and with more distinct flavor characteristics , and , 2 ) it is aged in used charred white oak bourbon barrels which maintains its complexity , makes the flavor profile softer , and the color a lighter amber . ”
bourbon regulations are strict because in the 1800’s distillers spent a lot of time adulterating , diluting , and tampering with their whiskies . “finally , they set some standards with the bottle in bond act of 1897 , ” says davis . essentially , the act requires the spirit to be the product of one distillation season and one distiller at one distillery . “it must be bottled and stored in bonded warehouses under the u . s . government supervision for no less than 4 years . the act has made the u . s . the guarantor of the whiskey’s authenticity and therefore bourbon’s . ”
by definition , whiskey ( or whisky , in scotland ) is a spirit distilled from fermented grain mash — grain varieties include wheat , rye , barley , and corn — and then aged in wooden barrels . whiskey is made all over the world and there are many popular styles including scotch whisky , irish whiskey , and american whiskey . the most popular form of american whiskey is bourbon , which has its own specific definition .
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classic - winning champion three - year - old won queen ' s plate in 2 : 03 . 59 ntr sw - 6f in 1 : 08 . 84
up to 10 runners are listed for each sire . runners represent the stallion’s top performers for the year and are displayed according to a hierarchy that gives first preference to the date , graded stakes , stakes , and then non - stakes races . these are sorted by best performance . older results will remain listed if no new performances occur to replace them . at the beginning of a new year , this section will display the top performers for the previous year through march 31 but a preference is given to current year runners . each horse listed is linked to additional information including pedigree , sale history , race chart ( with video and recap when available ) . race data include distance in furlongs ; final time of race ; and track code . information is updated daily and reflects official results as recorded by the jockey club information services .
up to 10 runners are listed in each category : lifetime earnings , current year earnings , and class performance index ( cpi ) . lifetime earnings and current year earnings include northern hemisphere winnings . cpi is the average earnings per start for an individual runner divided by the average earnings per start for all horses of the same crop and gender that raced in the same country for a given year .
all winning or stakes - placed progeny are listed for north american performances within the previous seven days . winners are updated on the list only when the information on new winners is available . juvenile runners are included in a separate list . for each runner is listed his or her name , age and sex , and broodmare sire . race data include the race name ( when applicable ) , track , official finish position , distance , and race date . if video of the race is available , a camera icon and “replay” are linked to a video player . equibase charts for all races are also linked .
this section lists the progeny entered in an upcoming race in north america ( u . s . , canada , and puerto rico ) for the subject stallion . weekly entries are published as soon as they are available through equibase and are only for races that meet the following purse thresholds : all stakes $ 50 , 000 and up ; allowance races for $ 30 , 000 and up ; claiming and optional claiming for $ 50 , 000 and up ; maiden special weights for $ 20 , 000 and up ; and , maiden claiming races worth $ 20 , 000 or more . for each runner is listed its post position , name , age and sex , and name of the dam . race data includes the race type or name ( applicable to stakes ) , race date , race number , track , purse , distance , assigned weight , jockey , trainer , breeder and owner .
stallions whose progeny performance statistics make them the top 100 sires nationally or among the top 25 leadings sires in a given state are listed with runners , winners , stakes winners , stakes wins , graded stakes winners , grade i stakes winners , chief earner , and aggregate earnings identified for the current year . the same data for the previous year is also presented if the sire met the ranking thresholds . all data except stakes and graded stakes represents northern hemisphere data ; stakes information is worldwide .
summary sales results include the subject stallion ' s progeny and covered mares for the current year to date and the past year ; data include results of all significant sales in the northern hemisphere . information is updated daily and reflects official results as recorded by the jockey club information services ; records of sales outside of north america may be delayed and will appear only when recorded officially . below the summary results are links to worldwide hip - by - hip results for the major sales during the current year and two previous years . an online database with access to more detailed searches is available at urltoken . recent results displays hip - by - hip sales results for the subject stallion ' s progeny and covered mares from the past two months ; data include results of all sales in northern hemisphere . information is updated daily and reflects official results as recorded by the jockey club information services ; records of sales outside of north america may be delayed .
sales results include the subject stallion ' s progeny and covered mares for the current year to date and the past year ; data include results of all sales in northern hemisphere . information is updated daily and reflects official results as recorded by the jockey club information services ; records of sales outside of north america may be delayed and will appear only when recorded officially .
north american auction listings are included for the progeny and covered mares of all featured stallions . expand each sale by clicking the + symbol to the left of the sale name . entries include hip number , name ( when applicable ) , sex , year of birth , type [ a = stallion ; b = broodmare ; c = stallion season ; d = broodmare prospect ; e = racing or broodmare prospect ; f = racing or stallion prospect ; g = stallion prospect ; h = horse ; i = racing prospect ; s = stallion share ; w = weanling ; y = yearling ; 2 ( or other numeral ) = age of hip ] , sire , dam , broodmare sire , and consignor . cover sire information is available for broodmares that have been bred by hovering the cursor over the “b” designation .
a brief pedigree is accompanied by a notation of inbreeding within five generations . below the sire’s name are two links—“download stallion register pages” goes to the stallion’s current stallion register print pages in pdf ( if made available by the subscribing farm ) and the urltoken “reports” link goes to a list of reports available from the jockey club’s urltoken service .
5s x 4d crimson satan ; 3s x 5d northern dancer ; 5s x 5d raise a native ; 3s x 5d secretariat .
stuck in traffic , lady ' s first cat , sand cove , wilberforce , dumont , drunken love , house mouse ) .
luvyoutothemoon , lady ' s first cat , valid venture , askiri , sir rupe ' s , point advanced , apalachee storm , larry ' s dream , rip ' em up , d ' wild affair , paynes gold ) .
giant gambit , five and off , deputiformer , druids mound , doneraile gem , sergeant matt , handsome ned ) .
ginger brew , solitaire , deputiformer , palmers , east end tap , mamma ' s knight , took the time , jungle brew , sebastian ' s song , shadowless , silver jag , d . flutie , dylan ' s choice ) .
solitaire , sebastian ' s song , harlem rocker , east end tap , chasin the tornado , pewter ) .
yummy with butter , grazettes landing , archers alyancer , dancer ' s bajan ) .
sun hawk , blizzard buddy ben , promising attorney , five and off ) .
paso doble , drunken love , dancer ' s bajan , costalivin , me the sea and g t ) .
information provided for stallions with producing daughters includes the number of producers and number of foals , runners , winners , juvenile winners , and stakes winners . broodmare sire average earnings index ( aei ) is a ratio of the progeny average earnings of the stallion’s producing daughters with the total average of all broodmare sires’ progeny , during the same year and within the same country .
nancy wheatley ( 1 - 866 - 425 - 7469 ) or john burness ( 905 ) 640 - 8051 cell ( 416 ) 984 - 5200 , colebrook farms , 6270 concession 5 , uxbridge , on l9p 1r1 , canada . fax ( 905 ) 640 - 2137 .
owner : c . f . farms breeder : charles e . fipke state bred : on winnings : 15 starts : 7 - 2 - 1 , $ 1 , 141 , 651 at 2 : won bull page s . ( s , wo , 6f ) ; 3rd vandal s . ( r , wo , 6f ) at 3 : won queen ' s plate s . ( r , wo , 10f ) , plate trial s . ( g3 , wo , 9f ) , queenston s . ( s , wo , 7f ) , overskate s . ( wo , 7f ) ; 2nd achievement h . ( s , wo , 6f ) foaled march 21 , 2005 . champion 3 - year - old in canada . entered stud in 2011 at norse ridge farms , ontario ; in 2014 standing at colebrook farms , ontario ( c $ 5 , 000 ) . ( close )
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okay , there are exceptions to this rule . for example , every whiskey lover would be thrilled to get his or her hands on a bottle of
winx ' s staying power as one of the world ' s top rac . . .
t . j . comerford , assistant trainer for aidan o ' brie . . .
must be distilled to no more than 160 proof and entered into the barrel at 125 proof .
how to make a traditional irish coffee what we ' re grilling this week : beef satay with coconut curry sauce the healthiest salad dressings falling in love again with america’s no . 1 bbq food : hot dogs 3 tips for churning out better homemade ice cream how to build your own raised tomato bed all stories
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the category ' s even caught on in london’s cutting - edge neighborhoods like brixton , hackney and shoreditch , but more on this in another column .
it’s 11 years old , and the result of a partnership between 40 - year industry veteran dave scheurich and royal wine corporation .
now , 11 years is a long time for an american whisky to mature , far longer than the same number of years for a scotch , and it can achieve a pretty awesome level of wonderfulness in that time .
scheurich’s aim for boondocks was to create
a smooth whiskey with complex , savory flavors yet remain non - aggressive on the palate , a whiskey that delivered an ultra - smooth finish - - something easy to enjoy .
i normally regard such self - serving praise by a winemaker or whiskey distiller of his own product with a large dose of , usually justified , skepticism .
there’s a nose brimming with pears and red fruit flavors all smothered in a blanket of bananas - and - cream , sweet vanilla and even butter pecan ice cream . on the tongue it’s wonderfully drinker - friendly , even by today’s high - gloss standards , with just the faintest suggestion of tarry spice on the mellow but surprisingly persistent finish .


oreochromis macrochir ( longfin tilapia , greenhead tilapia , or greenhead bream ) is a species of cichlid native to the zambezi basin , lake mweru , and lake bangweulu .

it has been used extensively for stocking ponds and dams in other parts of southern africa , but is little-used elsewhere .

in lake mweru , it is economically the most important fish .

the fish was introduced into lake alaotra in madagascar in 1954 , and proliferated quickly .

by 1957 , it provided 46 % of the catch , perhaps because it was moving into an empty ecological niche as a phytophagous species .

this species reaches a maximum length of 43 cm ( 17 in ) .

it lives in fresh water at a depth from 5 to 14 m ( 16 to 46 ft ) in tropical climates with average temperatures between 18 and 35 °c ( 64 and 95 °f ) .

oreochromis macrochir

jennifer hammock split the classifications by inventaire national du patrimoine naturel from oreochromis macrochir ( boulenger , 1912 ) to their own page .
threatened by the alien species oreochromis niloticus which is now widely distributed in the zambezi , kafue and limpopo systems .
oreochromis macrochir has been replaced by sarotherodon melanotheron as the second most abundant tilapia ( after o . mossambicus ? ) in many oahu reservoirs ( devick 1991b ) . this tilapia species has been widely introduced into africa and other parts of the world for use in aquaculture ( trewavas 1983 ; axelrod 1993 ; skelton 1993 ) . in hawaii , o . macrochir is reported as possibly hybridizing with o . mossambicus ( devick 1972 ) .
table 1 . states with nonindigenous occurrences , the earliest and latest observations in each state , and the tally and names of hucs with observations† . names and dates are hyperlinked to their relevant specimen records . the list of references for all nonindigenous occurrences of oreochromis macrochir are found here .
nico , l . , 2018 , oreochromis macrochir ( boulenger , 1912 ) : u . s . geological survey , nonindigenous aquatic species database , gainesville , fl , urltoken revision date : 7 / 28 / 2004 , peer review date : 4 / 1 / 2016 , access date : 7 / 9 / 2018
trewavas , e . 1983 . tilapiine fishes of the genera sarotherodon , oreochromis , and danakilia . publication no . 898 . british museum of natural history , london , uk .
trewavas , e . , 1983 . tilapiine fishes of the genera sarotherodon , oreochromis and danakilia . british mus . nat . hist . , london , uk . 583 p . ( ref . 2 )
( of tilapia macrochir boulenger , 1912 ) froese , r . & d . pauly ( editors ) . ( 2018 ) . fishbase . world wide web electronic publication . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
justification : this species is threatened by the alien species oreochromis niloticus and is displaced by it in areas where the two species occur together ( both as aliens ) on the zimbabwean plateau . o . niloticus is being used for aquaculture in the northern upper zambezi and will compete with o . macrochir when it spreads through the system . o . niloticus will also inevitably spread into the okavango , thus the cunene may remain the only safe refuge for this species . the suspected major decline in o . macrochir of at least 30 % in the next 10 years following o . niloticus invasion means the species should be classed as vu under criterion a3e .
a commonly used name is tilapia macrochir . distinguishing characteristics , a key , and illustrations were given by trewavas ( 1983 ) , and by skelton ( 1993 ) . distinguishing characteristics and a figure also were given by eccles ( 1992 ) . color photographs of fish were given by axelrod ( 1993 ) . maximum size : 40 cm ( skelton 1993 ) .
sectioned otoliths were used for age and growth determination of oreochromis macrochir , a common cichlid species from the okavango delta , botswana . the okavango delta is a vast inland wetland ecosystem which receives annual floodwaters from the highlands of southern angola . floodwaters reach the northern areas of the delta between january and march and the southern areas between june and september each year . samples were collected from sites which receive flood waters between may and august . marginal zone analysis showed that an annulus was formed between october and december during the dry , summer period . maximum age estimates of eleven years were obtained and growth was described by the 3 parameter von bertalanffy model as l t = 215 . 24 ( 1−e −0 . 42 ( t + 1 . 08 ) ) mm sl .
latin , aurum = gold + greek , chromis = a fish , perhaps a perch ( ref . 45335 )
from the greek
macros
= big and the greek
cheir
= hand , or pectoral fin in fishes , referring to the large pectoral fin ( ref . 52307 )
freshwater ; benthopelagic ; depth range 5 - 14 m ( ref . 58302 ) . tropical ; 18°c - 35°c ( ref . 54042 ) ; 5°n - 25°s
africa : kafue , upper zambezi , and congo river systems ; introduced elsewhere in africa and in hawaiian islands . also in the okavango and ngami region , cunene basin , chambezi and bangweulu region ( ref . 5166 ) .
maturity : l m 15 . 6 , range 18 - 18 cm max length : 43 . 0 cm tl male / unsexed ; ( ref . 54097 )
dorsal spines ( total ) : 15 - 17 ; dorsal soft rays ( total ) : 11 - 14 ; anal spines : 3 ; anal soft rays : 9 - 12 ; vertebrae : 29 - 32 . diagnosis : head profile steep ( ref . 2 , 7248 , 12524 , 13337 , 33478 , 52193 , 54167 ) and rounded ( ref . 315 , 12524 ) . toothed area of lower pharyngeal bone with broadly rounded lobes ; scales on cheek in 2 - 3 rows ; caudal scales variable , not on the inter - radial membranes except at the base , and never stiffening the fin ( ref . 2 ) . adults with black ( ref . 2 , 12524 ) or dark brown flecks in the temporal region , on the gill - cover ( ref . 2 , 11970 ) and below the eye , mostly associated with openings of the lateral line system ( ref . 2 ) . adults without conspicuous mid - lateral blotches ( ref . 2 ) .
prefers quiet , deep water associated with aquatic vegetation , but has been collected in other habitats as well ( ref . 12524 , 13337 ) . found at temperatures between 18 and 35°c ( ref . 54042 ) . has a very low salinity tolerance ( ref . 2 , 58 ) . occasionally forms schools , is mainly diurnal ( ref . 2 ) . feeds mostly on detritus ( ref . 87 , 7248 , 44661 , 52193 , 52307 , 56192 ) , ( blue - green ) algae ( ref . 12524 , 13337 , 44661 ) and diatoms ( ref . 246 , 7248 , 12524 , 13337 , 52193 ) . juvenile also accepts small invertebrates and zooplankton ( ref . 7248 , 52193 , 52307 ) , but lose this tendency with age ( ref . 52307 ) . maternal mouthbrooder ( ref . 87 , 246 , 314 , 5214 , 7248 , 8600 , 12524 , 13337 , 36094 , 52193 , 54042 ) . mating territory having a central volcano - shaped mound ( ref . 2 , 246 , 314 , 5214 , 12524 , 55074 ) with a flat or slightly concave top , surrounded by a ditch and vallum , in contrast to o . mweruensis ( ref . 2 ) . flesh excellent ( ref . 5214 ) .
phylogenetic diversity index ( ref . 82805 ) : pd 50 = 0 . 5000 [ uniqueness , from 0 . 5 = low to 2 . 0 = high ] .
bayesian length - weight : a = 0 . 01549 ( 0 . 00889 - 0 . 02698 ) , b = 3 . 00 ( 2 . 86 - 3 . 14 ) , in cm total length , based on lwr estimates for this species & genus - body shape ( ref . 93245 ) .
trophic level ( ref . 69278 ) : 2 . 1 ±0 . 0 se ; based on diet studies .
resilience ( ref . 69278 ) : high , minimum population doubling time less than 15 months ( k = 0 . 23 - 1 . 0 ; tm < 1 ) .
prior r = 0 . 71 , 2 sd range = 0 . 34 - 1 . 47 , log ( r ) = - 0 . 34 , sd log ( r ) = 0 . 36 , based on : 7 k , 10 tgen , 2 fec records
vulnerability ( ref . 59153 ) : low to moderate vulnerability ( 35 of 100 ) .
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gland , switzerland , 5 july 2018 ( iucn ) – australia’s unique reptiles – including lizards and snakes – face severe threats from invasive species and climate change , with 7 % of th . . .
the value of medicinal and aromatic plant trade has increased three - fold in the past 20 years , but traditional harvesting practices are being replaced by less sustainable alternatives . . . .
a recently released iucn technical brief recommends increasing investments in sustainable land management practices , as well as better cooperation between agriculturalists and conservationists to conse . . .
snoeks , j . ( freshwater fish red list authority ) & darwall , w . ( freshwater biodiversity assessment unit )
upper zambezi , okavango and kafue rivers , as well as the upper kasai , lake bangweulu and the chambeshi river . it has also been collected from the revue river in mozambique ( buzi system ) , far to the east of its natural distribution and it is possible that this is a relict population ( bell - cross 1973b ) . in zimbabwe , it has been widely distributed through introductions and translocations into many parts of the country . its introduction into lake kariba in 1959 was not particularly successful ( jackson 2000 ) but it survives in small numbers . it may have colonised the limpopo river after escaping from the shashe dam in botswana and they have been collected from the shashe river at tuli ( minshull ) and from a pool downstream of the shashe / limpopo confluence ( kleynhans and hoffman 1992 ) . also introduced to komati system in swaziland ( bills et al . 2004 ) and spreading to south africa .
found in quiet waters along river margins and backwaters , in floodplain habitats and impoundments ( skelton 2001 , tweddle et al . 2004 ) . feeds mainly on microscopic foods such as algae , especially diatoms , and detritus . females mouth brood eggs and fry . breeds in summer , nests grouped into arenas .
attempts should be made to establish protected areas from which o . niloticus can be excluded and perhaps captive breeding of pure stocks which could be used to restock areas from which this species has disappeared .
to make use of this information , please check the < terms of use > .
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the nonindigenous occurrences section of the nas species profiles has a new structure . the section is now dynamically updated from the nas database to ensure that it contains the most current and accurate information . occurrences are summarized in table 1 , alphabetically by state , with years of earliest and most recent observations , and the tally and names of drainages where the species was observed . the table contains hyperlinks to collections tables of specimens based on the states , years , and drainages selected . references to specimens that were not obtained through sighting reports and personal communications are found through the hyperlink in the table 1 caption or through the individual specimens linked in the collections tables .
africa . sections of south central africa including cunene , okavango , upper zambezi and kafue rivers ( trewavas 1983 ; skelton 1993 ) .
fish apparently were bred in captivity before being released into the wild , ca . 1958 ( maciolek 1984 ) ; this was considered a deliberate introduction ( devick 1991a ) .
the overabundance of tilapias in at least one hawaiian reservoir has possibly had the effect of suppressing production of desirable sport fishes ( devick 1972 ) .
axelrod , h . r . 1993 . the most complete colored lexicon of cichlids . tropical fish hobbyist publications , inc . , neptune city , nj .
devick , w . s . 1972 . population densities of tilapia in wahiawa reservoir . project f - 9 - 2 , job 1 , study v . division of aquatic resources , hawaii department of land and natural resources . 8 pp .
devick , w . s . 1991a . disturbances and fluctuations in the wahiawa reservoir ecosystem . project f - 14 - r - 15 , job 4 , study i . division of aquatic resources , hawaii department of land and natural resources . 21 pp .
eccles , d . h . 1992 . fao species identification sheets for fishery purposes : field guide to the freshwater fishes of tanzania . food and agriculture organization of the united nations ( fao ) , rome , italy . 145 pp .
hida , t . s . , and d . a . thomson . 1962 . introduction of the threadfin shad to hawaii . progressive fish - culturist 24 : 159 - 163 .
maciolek , j . a . 1984 . exotic fishes in hawaii and other islands of oceania . pages 131 - 161 in w . r . courtenay , jr . , and j . r . stauffer , jr . , editors . distribution , biology , and management of exotic fishes . the johns hopkins university press , baltimore , md .
morita , c . m . 1981 . freshwater fishing in hawaii . division of aquatic resources , department of land and natural resources , honolulu , hi . 21 pp .
skelton , p . h . 1993 . a complete guide to the freshwater fishes of southern africa . southern book publishers , halfway house , south africa .
tilmant , j . t . 1999 . management of nonindigenous aquatic fish in the u . s . national park system . national park service . 50 pp .
this information is preliminary or provisional and is subject to revision . it is being provided to meet the need for timely best science . the information has not received final approval by the u . s . geological survey ( usgs ) and is provided on the condition that neither the usgs nor the u . s . government shall be held liable for any damages resulting from the authorized or unauthorized use of the information .
the data represented on this site vary in accuracy , scale , completeness , extent of coverage and origin . it is the user ' s responsibility to use these data consistent with their intended purpose and within stated limitations . we highly recommend reviewing metadata files prior to interpreting these data .
citation information : u . s . geological survey . [ 2018 ] . nonindigenous aquatic species database . gainesville , florida . accessed [ 7 / 9 / 2018 ] .
contact us if you are using data from this site for a publication to make sure the data are being used appropriately and for potential co - authorship if warranted . for queries involving fish , please contact pam fuller . for queries involving invertebrates , contact amy benson .
beamish , r . j . & g . a . mcfarlane , 1987 . current trends in age determination methodology . in r . c . summerfelt & g . e . hall ( eds . ) , age and growth of fish . iowa state university press , ames : 15–42 .
( pisces : cichlidae ) from the okavango delta , botswana , and a comparison of the scale and otolith methods of ageing . envir . biol . fish . 43 : 171–178 .
boxrucker , j . , 1986 . a comparison of the otolith and scale methods for ageing white crappies in oklahoma . n . am . j . fish . mgmt . 6 : 122–125 .
balon , e . k . & e . m . chadwick , 1974 . time of annulus inception : a pond experiment . in e . k . balon & a . g . coche ( eds ) , lake kariba : a man - made tropical ecosystem in central africa . dr w . junk publishers , the hague : 643–646 .
peters ( pisces : cichlidae ) in lake sibaya , south africa . j . fish biol . 6 : 701–715 .
butterworth , d . s . , a . e . punt , d . l . borchers , j . b . pugh & g . s . hughes , 1986 . a manual of mathematical techniques for line - fish assessment . south african national scientific programmes report . 160 : 1–89 .
chapman , d . w . , w . h . miller , r . g . dudley & r . j . sculley , 1971 . ecology of the fishes in the kafue river : a report prepared for the fao / un by the university of idaho . fi : sf / zam ii , technical report no . 2 , 66 pp .
of the kafue floodplain , zambia : predicted effects of the kafue gorge dam . trans . amer . fish . soc . 103 : 281–291 .
from the kafue floodplain , zambia , since construction of the kafue gorge dam . j . fish biol . 14 : 205–223 .
efron , b . , 1982 . the jackknife , the bootstrap and other resampling plans . society for industrial and applied mathematics . philedelphia , 92 pp .
( rüppell ) in the lagos lagoon , lagos , nigeria with a discussion on the environmental and physiological basis of growth marking in the tropics . in t . e . bagenal ( ed . ) , ageing of fishes . unwin brothers , london : 114–123 .
gauldie , r . w . & d . g . a . nelson . 1990 . otolith growth in fishes . comp . biochem . physiol . 97a : 119–135 .
goeman , t . j . , d . r . helms & r . c . heidinger , 1984 . comparison of otolith and scale age determinations for freshwater drum from the mississippi river . proc . iowa . acad . sci . 91 : 49–51 .
hammers , b . e . & l . e . miranda , 1991 . comparison of methods for estimating age , growth and related population characteristics of white crappies . n . am . j . fish . mgmt . 11 : 492–498 .
( pisces : cichlidae ) in a venda impoundment ( south africa ) . s . afr . j . zool . 15 : 222–228 .
( schilbeidae : pisces ) in the luphephe - nwanedzi impoundment , venda ( south africa ) . j . limnol . soc . sth . afr . 6 : 39–45 .
hughes , g . , 1986 . examining methods of fitting age / length data to the von bertalanffy growth curve with a view to applying a simplified version of the beverton and holt yield per recruit model . unpublished internal report , university of cape town , 70 pp .
kapetsky , j . m . , 1974 . the kafue river floodplain : an example of pre - impoundment potential for fish production . in e . k . balon & a . g . coche ( eds ) , lake kariba : a man - made tropical ecosystem in central africa . dr w . junk publishers , the hague : 497–523 .
merron , g . s . , 1991 . the ecology and management of the okavango delta , boltswana , with particular reference to the role of the seasonal floods . ph . d . thesis , rhodes university , south africa , 171 pp .
pannella , g . , 1974 . otolith growth patterns : an aid to age determination in temperature and tropical fishes . in t . b . bagenal ( ed . ) , ageing of fishes . unwin brothers , london : 28–39 .
punt , a . e . & g . s . hughes , 1992 . pc - yield ii user ' s guide . benguela ecology programme report no . 26 , foundation for research development , south africa , 36 pp .
ricker , w . e . , 1975 . computation and interpretation of biological statistics of fish populations . fish . res . bd can . bull . 191 : 1–382 .
schnute , j . , 1981 . a versatile growth model with statiscally stable parameters . can . j . fish . aquat . sci . 38 : 1128–1140 .
skelton , p . , 1993 . a complete guide to the freshwater fishes of southern africa . southern book publishers , halfway house , 388 pp .
summerfelt , r . c . & g . e . hall , 1987 . the age and growth of fishes . the iowa state university press , ames , 443 pp .
van der waal , b . c . w . , 1985 . aspects ofthe biology of larger fish species of lake liambezi , caprivi , south west africa . madoqua 14 : 101–144 .
weatherley , a . h . & h . s . gill , 1987 . the biology of fish growth . academic press , new york , 443 pp .
welcomme , r . l . , 1979 . fisheries ecology of floodplain rivers . longman , london , 317 pp .
mating territory having a central volcano - shaped mound ( ref . 2 , 246 , 314 , 5214 , 12524 , 55074 ) with a flat or slightly concave top , surrounded by a ditch and vallum , in contrast to o . mweruensis ( ref . 2 ) . prefers quiet , deep water associated with aquatic vegetation , but has been collected in other habitats as well ( ref . 12524 , 13337 ) . found at temperatures between 18 and 35°c ( ref . 54042 ) . has a very low salinity tolerance ( ref . 2 , 58 ) . occasionally forms schools , is mainly diurnal ( ref . 2 ) . feeds mostly on detritus ( ref . 87 , 7248 , 44661 , 52193 , 52307 , 56192 ) , ( blue - green ) algae ( ref . 12524 , 13337 , 44661 ) and diatoms ( ref . 246 , 7248 , 12524 , 13337 , 52193 ) . juvenile also accepts small invertebrates and zooplankton ( ref . 7248 , 52193 , 52307 ) , but lose this tendency with age ( ref . 52307 ) . maternal mouthbrooder ( ref . 87 , 246 , 314 , 5214 , 7248 , 8600 , 12524 , 13337 , 36094 , 52193 , 54042 ) . flesh excellent ( ref . 5214 ) .
jennifer hammock removed an association between
zambezi river benthopelagic habitat
and
barbus dorsolineatus trewavas , 1936
.
jennifer hammock added an association between
zambezi river benthopelagic habitat
and
zaireichthys pallidus eccles , tweddle & skelton , 2011
.
jennifer hammock added an association between
zambezi river benthopelagic habitat
and
zaireichthys monomotapa eccles , tweddle & skelton , 2011
.
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( of chromys sparmanni castelnau , 1861 ) castelnau , f . l . ( 1861 ) . mémoire sur les poissons de l ' afrique australe . paris . i - vii + 1 - 78 . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
froese , r . & d . pauly ( editors ) . ( 2018 ) . fishbase . world wide web electronic publication . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of tilapia alleni fowler , 1931 ) froese , r . & d . pauly ( editors ) . ( 2018 ) . fishbase . world wide web electronic publication . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of tilapia intermedia gilchrist & thompson , 1917 ) froese , r . & d . pauly ( editors ) . ( 2018 ) . fishbase . world wide web electronic publication . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of tilapia sheshekensis gilchrist & thompson , 1917 ) froese , r . & d . pauly ( editors ) . ( 2018 ) . fishbase . world wide web electronic publication . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of chromys sparmanni castelnau , 1861 ) froese , r . & d . pauly ( editors ) . ( 2018 ) . fishbase . world wide web electronic publication . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
research curator of fishes , north carolina state museum of natural sciences , research laboratory , 4301 reedy creek rd . , raleigh , nc , 27607 , usa
banks , r . c . , r . w . mcdiarmid , a . l . gardner , and w . c . starnes
checklist of vertebrates of the united states , the u . s . territories , and canada
disclaimer : itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available , and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties . however , it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes . while every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and up - to - date information available , ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in provisions of treaties to which the united states is a party , wildlife statutes , regulations , and any applicable notices that have been published in the federal register . for further information on u . s . legal requirements with respect to protected taxa , please contact the u . s . fish and wildlife service .
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to cite this page : myers , p . , r . espinosa , c . s . parr , t . jones , g . s . hammond , and t . a . dewey . 2018 . the animal diversity web ( online ) . accessed at https : / / animaldiversity . org .
disclaimer : the animal diversity web is an educational resource written largely by and for college students . adw doesn ' t cover all species in the world , nor does it include all the latest scientific information about organisms we describe . though we edit our accounts for accuracy , we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts . while adw staff and contributors provide references to books and websites that we believe are reputable , we cannot necessarily endorse the contents of references beyond our control .
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the flores crow ( corvus florensis ) is a species of bird in the family corvidae .

it is endemic to indonesia .

its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests and subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests .

it is threatened by habitat loss .

flores crow

select an image : 1 . flores crow 2 . flores crow 3 . flores crow 4 . flores crow > > adult 5 . flores crow 6 . flores crow 7 . flores crow 8 . flores crow 9 . flores crow 10 . flores crow
40 cm . medium - sized , forest - dwelling crow . plumage all black , dark iris . feathering extends halfway along ridge of bill .
endangered . restricted - range species : present in northern nusa tenggara eba . rare . formerly found throughout flores , but now virtually restricted to rainforests at extreme w . . .
this rather diminutive crow has a very small population , which is subject to a continuing decline in the face of rampant deforestation on its island home . it thus qualifies as endangered .
madge , s . ( 2018 ) . flores crow ( corvus florensis ) . in : del hoyo , j . , elliott , a . , sargatal , j . , christie , d . a . & de juana , e . ( eds . ) . handbook of the birds of the world alive . lynx edicions , barcelona . ( retrieved from urltoken on 9 july 2018 ) .
40 cm ; c . 175 g . small crow with relatively short bill with gently curving culmen , nostrils very long but concealed by dense nasal tuft ( which extends half - way along side of . . .
conduct further surveys in central and eastern flores ( particularly in northern ende , where moist , deciduous monsoon - forest is reported to be extensive ) to establish its current distribution and population size . conduct ecological research to assess its success in different forest - types and the impact of cuckoo parasitism . extend wolo tadho strict nature reserve and support the establishment of further protected areas in western flores ( including tanjung kerita mese , golo bilas and nanga rawa ) .
, where it is known chiefly from the lowlands in the western half of flores ( birdlife international 2001 ) . it seems likely that it has always been relatively uncommon , although locally frequent in undisturbed habitat . overall , it is acknowledged to occur only at low densities , with most encounters involving single birds , and appears to have declined .
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del hoyo , j . , collar , n . j . , christie , d . a . , elliott , a . , fishpool , l . d . c . , boesman , p . and kirwan , g . m . 2016 . hbw and birdlife international illustrated checklist of the birds of the world . volume 2 : passerines . lynx edicions and birdlife international , barcelona , spain and cambridge , uk .
repeated 1 - 3 times , resonant popping or gurgling and wheezing contact call .
the population is estimated to number 1 , 000 - 2 , 499 individuals based on an assessment of known records , descriptions of abundance and range size . this is consistent with recorded population density estimates for congeners or close relatives with a similar body size , and the fact that only a proportion of the estimated extent of occurrence is likely to be occupied . this estimate is equivalent to 667 - 1 , 666 mature individuals , rounded here to 600 - 1 , 700 mature individuals . trend justification : this species is suspected to be declining at a moderate rate , through forest loss ( and perhaps also brood parasitism by cuckoos ) .
being a species targeted for study . it has been recorded in the wolo tadho strict nature reserve and wae wuul nature reserve .
edited habitats and ecology information text . added new reference , new contributor and new facilitator / compiler .
( amended version of 2016 assessment ) . the iucn red list of threatened species 2017 : e . t22705956a110289015 .
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recommended citation birdlife international ( 2018 ) species factsheet : corvus florensis . downloaded from urltoken on 09 / 07 / 2018 . recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species : birdlife international ( 2018 ) iucn red list for birds . downloaded from urltoken on 09 / 07 / 2018 .
along with c . typicus sometimes separated in nesocorax . relationships uncertain , possibly a separate lineage # r # r ; earlier thought perhaps to be an ancient derivative of the “ c . enca complex” , but differs fundamentally in bill structure and plumage texture . monotypic .
usual call a high - pitched , but downwardly inflected rasping
cwaaa
or
waaaak
, repeated up to . . .
tall secondary and primary moist , semi - deciduous monsoon forest along watercourses ; chiefly in . . .
no specific information on diet ; most likely to consist of small invertebrates and small fruits . forages in ones and twos , parties of up to . . .
season sept–jan . nest constructed of sticks , built c . 12 m above ground ; one documented nest was in isolated tree amid wooded . . .
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zoonomen - zoological nomenclature resource , 2011 . 12 . 31 , website ( version 31 - dec - 11 )
zoonomen - zoological nomenclature resource
maintained by alan p . peterson at urltoken
disclaimer : itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available , and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties . however , it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes . while every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and up - to - date information available , ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in provisions of treaties to which the united states is a party , wildlife statutes , regulations , and any applicable notices that have been published in the federal register . for further information on u . s . legal requirements with respect to protected taxa , please contact the u . s . fish and wildlife service .
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meragisa zebrina is a moth of the family notodontidae .

it is found in north-eastern ecuador .

the length of the forewings is about 21.5 mm .

the ground colour of the forewings is silvery white suffused with charcoal-coloured scales .

the ground colour of the hindwings is light mustard yellow to buff in the basal one third and grey-brown in the outer two thirds .

meragisa zebrina

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the genus meragisa currently contains 33 described species occurring from mexico south to bolivia and brazil .
this species is known exclusively from the holotype . label data for the m . zebrina holotype is as follows : ecuador , napo , yanayacu biological station , 5 km w cosanga , 2163m , 00º35 . 9’s , 77º53 . 4’w , 18 - i - 2009 , leg . j . s . miller , d . wagner & e . tapia , mv lt . , usnm ( genitalia slide no . 1868 ) .
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dioryctria nivaliensis is a species of snout moth in the genus dioryctria .

it was described by rebel in 1892 , and is known from the canary islands .

the larvae feed on pinus canariensis .

dioryctria nivaliensis

especies dioryctria abietella denis & schiffermüller dioryctria abietella auct . dioryctria abietivorella grote dioryctria albovittella ( hulst ) dioryctria amatella ( hulst ) dioryctria assamensis mutuura dioryctria aulloi barbey dioryctria auranticella ( grote ) dioryctria banksiella mutuura , munroe & ross dioryctria baumhoferi heinrich dioryctria cambiicola ( dyar ) dioryctria castanea bradley dioryctria clarioralis walker dioryctria contortella mutuura , munroe & ross dioryctria disclusa heinrich dioryctria ebeli mutuura & munroe dioryctria erythropasa ( dyar ) dioryctria horneana dyar dioryctria kunmingnella wang & sung dioryctria laricicola popova dioryctria laruata ( heinrich ) dioryctria magnifica munroe dioryctria mendacella ( staudinger ) dioryctria merkeli mutuura & munroe dioryctria mongolicella wang & sung dioryctria monticolella mutuura , munroe & ross dioryctria mutatella fuchs dioryctria nivaliensis rebel dioryctria okanaganella mutuura , munroe & ross dioryctria okui mutuura dioryctria peltieri de joannis dioryctria pentictonella mutuura , munroe & ross dioryctria peyerimhoffi de joannis dioryctria pineae ( staudinger ) dioryctria ponderosae dyar dioryctria pryeri ragonot dioryctria pseudotsugella munroe dioryctria pygmaeella ragonot dioryctria raoi mutuura dioryctria reniculella ( grote ) dioryctria reniculelloides mutuura & munroe dioryctria resinosella mutuura dioryctria rossi munroe dioryctria rubella hampson dioryctria schuetzeella fuchs dioryctria silvestrella ratzeburg dioryctria splendidella herrich - schäffer dioryctria sylvestrella ( ratzeburg ) dioryctria taedae schaber & wood dioryctria taedivorella leidy & neunzig dioryctria tumicolella mutuura , munroe & ross dioryctria xanthoenobares dyar dioryctria yatesi mutuura & munroe dioryctria yiai mutuura & munroe dioryctria yuennanella caradja dioryctria zimmermanni ( grote )
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museum für naturkunde leibniz - institut für evolutions - und biodiversitätsforschung invalidenstr . 43 10115 berlin germany e - mail : fauna - eu ( at ) mfn - berlin . de website : urltoken
biokids is sponsored in part by the interagency education research initiative . it is a partnership of the university of michigan school of education , university of michigan museum of zoology , and the detroit public schools . this material is based upon work supported by the national science foundation under grant drl - 0628151 . copyright © 2002 - 2018 , the regents of the university of michigan . all rights reserved .
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[ 10 ] de jong , y . s . d . m . ( ed . ) ( 2011 ) fauna europaea version 2 . 4 ( faunaeur . org )
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curators : konstantin efetov , vasiliy feoktistov , svyatoslav knyazev , evgeny komarov , stan korb , alexander zhakov .
species catalog enables to sort by characteristics such as expansion , flight time , etc . .
2011 - 01 - 26 by & van nieukerken , dr erik j . karsholt , dr ole & by speidel , w . & segerer , a . nuss , m .
this work is licensed under a creative commons attribution - share alike 3 . 0 license
pesi is funded by the european union 7th framework programme within the research infrastructures programme . contract no . ri - 223806 . activity area : capacities . period 2008 - 2011 - website hosted & developed by vliz banner picture : gannet ( morus bassanus ( linnaeus , 1758 ) ) by karl van ginderdeuren - contact pesi
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to cite this page : myers , p . , r . espinosa , c . s . parr , t . jones , g . s . hammond , and t . a . dewey . 2018 . the animal diversity web ( online ) . accessed at https : / / animaldiversity . org .
disclaimer : the animal diversity web is an educational resource written largely by and for college students . adw doesn ' t cover all species in the world , nor does it include all the latest scientific information about organisms we describe . though we edit our accounts for accuracy , we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts . while adw staff and contributors provide references to books and websites that we believe are reputable , we cannot necessarily endorse the contents of references beyond our control .
this material is based upon work supported by the national science foundation grants drl 0089283 , drl 0628151 , due 0633095 , drl 0918590 , and due 1122742 . additional support has come from the marisla foundation , um college of literature , science , and the arts , museum of zoology , and information and technology services .