the death of richie is a 1977 american made-for-television drama film based on richie , a non-fiction book by thomas thompson about the 1972 death of george richard " richie " diener jr. at the hands of his father , who was ultimately not charged with the shooting death of his son .

the film premiered on nbc on january 10 , 1977 .

the death of richie

the death of richie
: teens of the 1970s will remember . . .
the death of richie
: teens of the 1970s will remember . . . - tribunedigital - chicagotribune
image - richie ' s death . jpg | villains wiki | fandom powered by wikia
moore recalled spreading her son’s ashes into the owen river in the days following his death .
february 27 , 2012 : the 40th anniversary of the murder of richie . russell diener is the last surviving member of the diener family .
delinquent youth are an identifiable target population to reduce disparities in early violent death .
“ripped from the headlines” tv movies have gotten a bad rap over the years—and deservedly so . after all , most such projects combine sensationalism and superficiality to create stupidity . yet the law of averages ensures that some timely telefilms are bound to be worthwhile . one example is the death of richie , the respectable dramatization of a grim real - life incident during which a suburban father shot his own teenaged son to death . like so many hand - wringing tv dramas of the ’70s , the death of richie illustrates the plight of parents whose teenagers become drug addicts .
death of richie could be the greatest drug movie ever made . robbie benson turns in an oscar caliber performance as richie and the scene where his trip - out room gets busted is destined to go down in movie history as one of the finest film sequences ever .
exclusive : as samantha womack dodged the national television awards , eastenders star shane richie moved to defend the soap over the cot death plot saying the soap handled it ‘bl * * dy brilliantly’ .
the book was from richie ' s father ' s perspective and tales of parenthood .
based on the book by famed author john gunther about the life and early death of his teenage son johnny , who died from a brain tumor .
“after the months and years of anticipation , one of my favourite parts about us putting a death video together is seeing the final outcome of richie and patrick’s work . the ‘no rules’ approach means i never know what to expect , apart from the fact i will never be disappointed .
examining the role of lifestyle and criminal history variables on the risk of homicide victimization .
deaths : participants’ deaths , from november 1995 to december 2011 , were tracked and verified by using death certificates .
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the face of “brandy ( you’re a fine girl ) ” is the lead singer of karisma , but the pipes belong to tunde adebimpe of tv on the radio .
urltoken please visit the above web site dedicated to richie diener . email me @ likeitwas4richie @ urltoken with your stories or comments about richie diener .
risks of drug - related death , suicide , and homicide during the immediate post - release period among people released from new york city jails , 2001 - 2005 .
a teenage girl whose inaction caused her mother ' s death arranges a similarly gruesome fate for her stepmother and brother .
richie ramone is the fastest , most powerful drummer who ever played with the legendary punk rock band the ramones . he joine
when richie and ernst sit in the car , hung over , they analyze the fairly silly lyrics of the 5th dimension’s “one less bell to answer . ”
the original nbc telecast , of the death of richie in january , 1977 , had richie scream as his father kills him with the shotgun . the nbc censors thought this was too intense , and edited the scream from all subsequent showings . this sound - byte is not available on any dvd prints or current editions of the movie and is presumed
lost
, to the point where today ' s audiences ( and even those who saw reruns of the film on television ) are completely unaware that such sound - byte did occur in the film .
“rave on” plays several times throughout the episode—a surefire way to fuck with richie’s head .
once richie starts getting into trouble with the law , george intervenes by helping richie get a job , and carol joins a support group for parents in similar situations . yet none of the family’s efforts impede richie’s downward spiral . eventually , violent clashes occur , with richie threatening his father at one point by brandishing a pair of scissors . the parents seek an order of protection , deepening the schism with their son , and the tension culminates during a deadly showdown in the family basement .
the 38th anniversary of richie diener ' s murder by the hands of his own father , is rapidly approaching . anyone out there know sue bernstein , pictured in the life magazine article above ?
few longitudinal studies of delinquent youth have examined risk factors for early violent death . some studies had too few deaths to analyze risk factors . 1 , 5 the largest and most recent investigations found substance abuse , gang involvement , and criminal activity are among the risk factors associated with early violent death . 6 , 7 , 8
the long - running bbc soap , which picked up three gongs at last night’s ceremony , came under fire at the start of the year over dramatic scenes involving ronnie mitchell , played by womack , swapping her dead baby , a victim of cot death , with the newborn son of kat and alfie moon .
richie , an avid gun collector , was toying with a gun called the “snake charmer” while watching tv in his bedroom when it went off . a formal investigation by the los angeles coroner’s office later confirmed that his death was an accident .
the heavy workload of both parents left little time for their children . “i demanded a lot of richie , ” moore later admitted . “i was responsible for a lot of alienation . ”
the story of richie diener , a new york teenager whose life and death was depicted in the may 5 , 1972 issue of life magazine , a book by thomas thompson , and a movie . he was murdered by his own father . richie ' s life was remade into a film and a book , but his real story has never been told . did you know richie diener , of east meadow , long island , new york ? email me at likeitwas4richie @ urltoken
but perhaps her biggest tragedy came in 1980 when her only child , son richie , died at the age of 24 .
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• when richie shows up late at the bat mitzvah , zak finally confronts him , saying that richie doesn’t respect him as a record man , and ( to the dismay of his family ) throws richie to the ground . at the end of the reception , as the band packs up their equipment , zak listens to a young man with the voice of an angel ( actually , the voice of trey songz ) sitting at a piano , covering bowie’s “life on mars ? ” the light goes on in zak’s eyes , as he realizes that he could sign this kid .
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another thing that bugs me about the ernst business is that , up until this point , his flashbacks haven’t been a huge part of the show . it seems strange to attach so much dramatic weight to his death and specter .
we examined rates of and risk factors for firearm homicide and other causes of death in delinquents 16 years after detention . our study analyzes gender differences ; compares hispanics , african americans , and non - hispanic whites ; and includes a representative sample of delinquents .
to our knowledge , this is the first large - scale study to document the high death rate of delinquent females in adulthood , providing new data on mortality rates and modifiable risk factors in this vulnerable population . although risk of mortality is lower in delinquent females than males , delinquent females died at nearly 5 times the rate of females in the general population .
richie du är i fred i evig vila . your friend brunhart jones luleå sweden
freudenberg n , daniels j , crum m , perkins t , richie be .
writer - director of
tales from the script ,
author of three cinema books , filmmaker .
potential conflict of interest : the authors have indicated they have no potential conflicts of interest to disclose .
in flashback , we see the night of ernst’s death : richie drives a convertible recklessly around coney island ; devon and ingrid drink and canoodle in the back seat ; ernst clambers around the car and demands they stop for a hot dog at nathan’s . the fun ends when they collide with a truck . devon apparently suffers a miscarriage and ernst’s skull cracks open on the pavement , right next to the cyclone roller coaster ( hence the episode’s title ) .
i remember the family passing on this because the ad gave no indication of it being especially unique . the ad asked
who killed richie ?
and my folks immediately decided that it sure looked like richie killed richie and that the movie was opting for some sort of phony - baloney
society killed him
claim . my parents are
progressive
in all kinds of ways but have no sympathy for suicides . i thank you for clearing this up .
the “snake charmer” was eventually taken off the market because of its “hair - trigger” instability .
the death of richie
, more than thirty - five years later , remains a pretty effective made - for - television movie . it is fairly tough going at times , for several reasons . the main reason is that it portrays drug addiction in a pretty realistic fashion , showing that there is no easy way out of the situation for both the addict and his loved ones . another reason is with the character of richie . he is a pretty unlikable fellow , though after some time i realized that may have been the point , to show that drugs can make anyone into a repulsive sort of person . benson gives an excellent performance as richie , though ben gazarra also deserves kudos portraying the struggling father who is not completely sympathetic . if there is a flaw in the movie , it may be that it does not illustrate how richie got into drugs in the first place - the movie starts in the middle of his addiction . though i do realize that movies don ' t always have the time to show every detail of a situation .
the northwestern juvenile project is a prospective longitudinal study of health needs and outcomes of a stratified random sample of 1829 youth ( 657 females , 1172 males ; 524 hispanic , 1005 african american , 296 non - hispanic white , 4 other race / ethnicity ) detained between 1995 and 1998 . data on risk factors were drawn from interviews ; death records were obtained up to 16 years after detention . we compared all - cause mortality rates and causes of death with those of the general population . survival analyses were used to examine risk factors for mortality after youth leave detention .
it ' s been 40 years today . may richie continue to rest in peace .
richie puts on little richard’s “keep a - knockin’” when first gets to his office .
delinquent youth continue to have substantially higher mortality rates than the general population in adulthood , irrespective of gender or race / ethnicity . homicide was the most prevalent cause of death among male ( 90 % ) and female ( 42 % ) participants ; nearly all homicides involved firearms . african - american males had the highest mortality rates but among the lowest mortality ratios because death rates among african americans in the general population are high . 37 our findings mirror racial / ethnic disparities in the general population . in 2010 , african - american males comprised 14 . 6 % of the general population aged 15 to 29 years 11 but nearly 75 % of deaths by homicide . 37
joint consideration of distal and proximal predictors of premature mortality among serious juvenile offenders .
i ' ve noticed several inconsistencies between the article and the book . the summer camp , the last day of his life , and other things .
i was in high school in the late 70 ' s ( no pun intended ) when this movie first aired . it had the exact opposite of it ' s intended effect . the more stoned you were the funnier this movie was . richie ' s
trip room
was the most hilarious of all . most of this movie was so over wrought , so hyperbolic , that today i look back on the death of richie as camp rather than good drama . i no longer smoke pot or do other drugs , but if this movie were to be rerun on some retro / classics channel i might consider a few bong hits to get me in the proper mood to watch it .
homicide is the third leading cause of mortality in general population youth aged 15 to 29 years . groups at greatest risk for early violent death ( racial / ethnic minorities , males , poor persons , and urban youth ) are overrepresented in the juvenile justice system .
later in the day , peewee and richie speak with an experienced soldier who further confirms the rumor of a coming truce . richie writes a letter to kenny , telling him that the war is going to end very soon . after killing time at the base for ten days , richie , peewee , and a terrified young man named jenkins are finally assigned to a camp near chu lai . on the truck headed for their new squad , peewee says he is not afraid , but richie can tell that peewee is just as frightened as he is . jenkins begins crying , which calms richie , who feels braver by comparison .
kip and the guitarist he meets play along to the stooges’ “no fun” before stealing the instruments from the store .
based on a true story , this drama depicts the downfall of teenager richie werner ( robby benson ) through a destructive drug habit . induced by peers to use drugs , richie is drawn deeper into a pattern of addiction , to the horror of his girlfriend , mother ( eileen brennan ) and brother ( lance kerwin ) . richie ' s behavior is dealt with most forcefully by his father ( ben gazzara ) , who will not tolerate drugs . when richie becomes increasingly violent , his family must take action . initial release : january 10 , 1977
kristine & michelle , my condolences on your father ' s death . i too read the book and saw the movie years ago and never forgot it . the funny thing about the book was that even though the focus was on richie , i always thought brick ( lenny ) was the more interesting character . i had always wondered what happened to brick and was able to correspond with him via email ( still have them ) . i could tell through his words that he carried a sadness about richie and missed him alot .
the story of billy mills , the american indian that came from obscurity , to win the 10 , 000 meter long distance foot race in the tokyo olympics .
richie performed in over 500 shows around the world with the ramones and wrote several critically - acclaimed and fan - favorite songs for the albums animal boy , too tough to die and halfway to sanity . punk rock icon , joey ramone , remarked that “ [ richie ] saved the band as far as i’m concerned . he’s the greatest thing to happen to the ramones . he put the spirit back in the band . ”
delinquent youth are at risk for early violent death after release from detention . however , few studies have examined risk factors for mortality . previous investigations studied only serious offenders ( a fraction of the juvenile justice population ) and provided little data on females .
according to another acquaintance of richie ' s ( his online handle was
keeno
) , richie and russell didn ' t even get along , and that richie had beat his brother up a few times for
acting gay
. i also have to wonder if the whole dance thing was b . s . if richie hated his father so much by 1971 , why would he let his dad help him sell raffle tickets for a car ?
the four soldiers finally arrive at their new base . the commanding officer tells richie that his medical file has not yet arrived . richie tries to write a letter home but cannot find the right words . that night , richie , peewee , and jenkins go on night patrol with their squad . simpson , the squad sergeant , warns the new soldiers not to get him killed because of their inexperience , as he is just four months away from completing his tour of duty . the patrol is more terrifying than richie had ever expected , but goes smoothly until the very end . just as they are reentering their camp , jenkins steps on a land mine , and is killed instantly .
but speaking to urltoken on the red carpet before the awards ceremony last night , richie , who plays alfie moon , insisted that eastenders had been ‘sensitive’ in relation to its handling of the storyline and rather than be an underhand ploy to grab ratings , it was simply pushing the boundaries of script - writing .
no . camp eagle feather , on raquette lake in new york , was a great water skiing camp . one of richie ' s bunk mates for a while was the world famous waterskier , wayne grimditch ! richie ' s last year at camp was also the last year the camp was in operation . the piciniches owned and ran the camp . the owner ' s wife was eleanor . she treated everyone like family . signed : wild in the woods
• the song richie and ernst are trying to figure out the inscrutable lyrics of ( “one less bell to answer / one less egg to fry” ) when they wake up in the stolen car : the fifth dimension’s 1970 hit “ one less bell to answer . ”
my email is cavidman @ yahoo . com . anyone who wants to talk about the book , the movie , what is what like back then , richie ' s side of the story , feel free to reach out . a couple of my dad ' s books are being revived as tv series and i think this story could be the best of all .
i lived on midland urltoken well . my brother graduated in 73 , and knew richie as well . not on good terms though . . . did you live down on the end of the block near the fitzgeralds , or were you closer to the greene ' s ?
on the trip over , richie befriends judy duncan , an army nurse , and harold gates , a cocky young black soldier from chicago whom his friends call peewee . the plane stops overnight in osaka , japan , and due to another bureaucratic mishap , the soldiers are forced to pay for their own dinners and sleep on benches in the airport . richie feels unease at these signs of what he sees as the army’s general incompetence . he buys a souvenir for his younger brother , kenny . when he finally arrives in vietnam , richie is separated from judy duncan , but is assigned to the same barracks as peewee . though the sound of artillery in the distance makes him anxious , richie is somewhat comforted by the fact that the camp in vietnam looks exactly like his basic - training facility back in massachusetts .
uncertain of his future goals , seventeen - year - old richie perry , a black high school graduate from harlem , travels to vietnam to fight in the united states army . when richie leaves basic training for vietnam , he harbors a host of illusions about the war and the army . he confidently believes that the medical profile he has received for a knee injury will be properly processed and prevent him from engaging in combat . he also believes in the flurry of rumors about imminent peace and in the prevalent romantic myths about warfare .
evil - doer full name richie madano alias none origin out for justice occupation gangster powers . . .
the song playing during andrea’s meeting with the american century team sounds like james brown , but i can’t be sure . either way , richie badly sings the beatles’ “i saw her standing there” over it when he enters the room .
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in 1971 , richie moved with his father to fresno , california , where the teenager thrived and even talked of plans for college . but when meeker was transferred out of town , richie persuaded his parents to let him remain in fresno on his own to complete his senior year . soon afterward , he began to use drugs .
doe - eyed ’70s dreamboat robby benson stars as richie werner , the oldest of two sons in a middle - class american family . much to the chagrin of his repressed parents , george ( ben gazzara ) and carol ( eileen brennan ) , richie runs with a gang of dropouts who abuse booze , grass , and pills . tortured by shyness and upset by his inability to score with girls , richie even builds a hidden room inside the werner home , converting a crawlspace into a drug lair complete with blacklight posters and a strobe lamp .
the problem is not just that the plot twist is hackneyed , it’s that it’s hard to care about one more manifestation of richie’s cocaine problem . he’s been inhaling coke and violating social norms since the pilot episode , so there’s not much new here , other than watching the actor bobby cannavale turn up the volume until the knob twists off . richie hasn’t given viewers much reason to root for him , either as a hero or as an antihero . his descent into the gutter is presumably meant to be a thrilling wallow in bad behavior , but it’s just pathetic and adolescent . furthermore , richie has shown no signs of actually being an effective record - company president at any point , unless the metric of success is “most frequent speeches about the importance of real rock ‘n’ roll . ”
the link between juvenile offending and victimization : the influence of risky lifestyles , social bonding , and individual characteristics .
in 1944 , in brooklyn , two jewish kids become friends . one is from a very conservative family , and the other is more liberal . the issues of importance of tradition , parental expectations and the formation of israel cause constant friction .
brunner leads the men on a deadly mission to track down a group of vietcong—north vietnamese guerilla forces—along a river . after a series of mistakes and miscalculations , a firefight breaks out , leaving both richie and peewee wounded . richie’s medical profile is finally processed while he is recovering , and peewee’s wounds are serious enough to earn him a discharge from the army . peewee and richie fly home on the same plane , along with caskets containing dead soldiers . they try to stand tall for the new recruits , who are just arriving in vietnam .
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causes of death of delinquent youth at ages 15 to 29 compared with the general population ( n = 1829 ) , standardized on ccjtdc population . general population refers to all males and females ages 15 to 29 years who died in cook county , illinois , in 2005 . other cause of death includes internal causes and other accidents . compared with the general population , delinquent males and females experienced a significantly ( p < . 05 ) higher percentage of deaths due to homicide and its subcategory , homicide by firearm . the total proportion of deaths due to homicide ( firearm and other ) were 90 % for delinquent males , 39 % for general population males , 42 % for delinquent females , and 14 % for general population females . due to rounding error , sums of percentages in the figure may not be accurate .
moore gave birth to richie just one year into her first marriage with meeker at the age of 18 . by the time he was 3 , she had steady work on tv . when richie was 6 , moore and meeker divorced . six months later , she married tinker , who had four children from a previous marriage .
hi , i read the book
richie
when i was very young , and never forgotten it . i was horrified that the father killed his own son . richie needed help from his dad , not to be murdered by him . it was just so very sad .
richie is wounded in a battle and transferred to a hospital . during the peaceful weeks spent recuperating , he begins to remember the joys of safety and gains a new sense of the horrors of war . when he is declared healthy and ordered to rejoin his unit , he wonders how he can possibly go back into combat and considers deserting the army . in the end , though , he rejoins his unit as ordered .
although homicide rates have dropped dramatically since their all - time high in the late 1990s , 66 11 101 people were killed in firearm homicides in 2011 . 67 we failed to reach the surgeon general’s goal ( from healthy people 2010 ) to cut homicide rates in one - half . 68 our study of delinquent youth identifies the vulnerability of females , the high risk of mortality among african americans and hispanics , and the importance of modifiable risk factors ( alcohol use disorder , gang membership , and drug dealing ) . moreover , disparities in life expectancy between african americans and non - hispanic whites 69 may persist , in part , because delinquent african - american youth have higher death rates from homicide . delinquent youth are an identifiable target population to reduce disparities in early violent death .
richie’s failed attempt at having sex with heather is scored by “rocket 88 . ” though originally credited to jackie brenston and his delta cats , the band is actually ike turner’s kings of rhythm .
go behind the scenes of the mission : impossible movies , check out the latest videos and trailers , and see which spy movies topped the box office in our mission : impossible guide .
when my dad wrote this book , i always told my friends
i bet richie has a version of this also
. my dad and i spent a weekend with george and russel and i felt such sadness for richie ' s brother . guys i am very interested in other sides to this story . richie could have very easily been me except i was living in los angeles about the same time .
saw this movie summer 1978 while on vacation in florida . never forgot this movie . had a profound effect on me . back then it seemed like a mean , bossy dad was the cause of this . now it is obvious it was a teen who could not survive socially in the outer world who had a lot of internal conflicts and a dad who bore a lot of abuse in the working world trying to support his family . neither needed abuse from the other and both saw the other as another problem they did not need . both were victims . the mom and dad probably suffered until they died . hopefully they are all reunited in a different sphere in peace and love with each other . none of them deserved this . if richie has lived i think time would have revealed that there were many issues richie had that were unrelated to his father such as abuse by a stranger or someone else . it would be interesting to hear richie ' s brother describe life before and after richie ' s death if he is still alive .
dear kristine lancome , please post your dad ' s obituary , or send it to me at likeitwas4richie @ urltoken from our brief correspondence this year , i knew he was a decent man who was still sad about his friend ' s tragic death at the hands of his own father .
prisoner survival inside and outside of the institution : implications for health - care planning .
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in her memoir , moore recalled receiving a phone call from a “frantic and sobbing” richie , who admitted he was in trouble with a drug dealer . “i realized the extent of the tangle that was now my son’s life . ”
anybody who’s ever seen “the sixth sense” ( or “the ghost whisperer , ” or “battlestar galactica” ) will cotton to ernst’s true nature pretty quickly , but the clues are steadily doled out anyway : ernst doesn’t talk to anybody except richie , he mysteriously disappears and reappears , he has a “ketchup” stain on his pants . at the end of the episode , richie and devon both stagger home to connecticut , but when richie tells her that he’s been partying with ernst , she reacts in horror . they have another fight , but this time devon flees with the children in her station wagon .
to celebrate the fact that the show finally made it to the revelation that it had been telegraphing for the past hour , we then watch one of the series’ trademarks : a performance by an actor impersonating a 1950s rock star . in this case , buddy holly sings a haunting “rave on” in front of the cyclone , surrounded by smoke and lit by neon . the song ends , and we see 1973 richie back at the cyclone , breathing hard , forcing himself to confront his errors .
speaking of which , hbo doubled down on the bowie love tonight by featuring another piano - driven cover of “life on mars” on girls .
sensitivity of the diagnostic interview schedule for children , 2nd edition ( disc - 2 . 1 ) for specific diagnoses of children and adolescents .
this week’s “vinyl” is an hour of richie and devon revisiting their pasts . for devon , that means staying with her friend ingrid at the chelsea hotel , talking about how lonely she is in connecticut and posing nude for ingrid’s artist boyfriend . for richie , that means snorting cocaine and then snorting more cocaine .
we estimated all - cause mortality rates in cook county by using the single - decrement period life table method . 28 to make contemporaneous comparisons between our cohort data and period data from cook county , we created 3 synthetic cohorts from the years 2000 , 2005 , and 2008 . we standardized cook county rates to reflect the racial / ethnic and gender distribution of the ccjtdc population ; 95 % cis were based on the poisson distribution . 29 we used the delta method to compute rate ratios comparing mortality rates and specific causes of death .
as richie witnesses ever - increasing levels of destruction and brutality , he begins to doubt whether there is any straightforward morality in war . he sees that the line between good and bad is often ambiguous . he also becomes disillusioned with the selfishness of his commanding officers , particularly the company commander , captain stewart , who is more concerned with earning a promotion than he is with the safety of the soldiers under his command . when richie’s platoon leader , lieutenant carroll , is killed during a combat mission , richie begins a serious search for answers to why he and his fellow soldiers are even fighting in vietnam in the first place . though his friends insist that such thoughts are futile and dangerous , richie feels compelled to find meaning within the chaos . he also longs for some way to communicate his confused thoughts and emotions to his family , but he remains unable to do so . richie is not sure how to sort out the emotions he feels or how to communicate them effectively to civilians who have never seen combat .
richie ' s birthday is one month from today . someone - please photograph ( only ) richie ' s grave and gravestone , and email it to me at likeitwas4richie @ urltoken . . . they will be posted on this blog
of the 1829 original participants , 111 died : 7 % of males and nearly 4 % of females . among those who died , 75 ( 68 % ) were homicides . of these , 68 ( 91 % ) participants were killed with firearms (
all the other guys in the neighborhood thought i was going to college . i wasn’t , and the army was the place i was going to get away from all the questions .
let’s go back to that car sequence . as heavy and dumb a cinderblock as the actual crash is , there’s no denying the power of the vision that arrives with the aftermath . when richie awakes from the accident surrounded by pain—ernst dead on the ground and devon writhing in the back seat with blood pouring from between her legs—he gazes at the coney island cyclone directly in front of him . a specter of buddy holly then appears before the vehicle , rocking his way through “rave on” as the historic wooden rollercoaster looms in the background . when separated from vinyl ’s melodrama , that’s a striking image on its own , hypnotic to look at and emblematic of how we’ll always tie certain songs to certain events , for better or for worse .
richie diener was murdered by his father back in 1972 . got questions ? ? ? ive got answers ! ! !
their relationship grew strained as richie grew up and rebelled , and mother and son were estranged for a long period .
over time , moore and richie reconciled their relationship , and he even began landing some small acting roles on tv .
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delinquency is commonly associated with the perpetration of violence , but delinquent youth are also at risk for early violent death . 1 – 5 in their classic study of 500 white delinquent male subjects sampled in the 1940s , 2 glueck and glueck found that nearly 5 % had died by age 32 years , compared with 2 . 2 % of nondelinquent control subjects . increased risk persisted to age 65 years . 3 a more recent longitudinal study of delinquent youth found that their mortality rates , after adjusting for demographic differences , were > 4 times those of general population youth . 4
gang membership ( 78 . 4 % of males ; 40 . 7 % of females ) and drug dealing ( 85 . 8 % of males ; 48 . 4 % of females ) were significantly associated with external - cause mortality and homicide . the hazard of external - cause mortality and homicide decreased over time (
by the end of “cyclone , ” it’s looking like zak might end up being more of a musical savior to american century than richie . sitting at the wind - down of his daughter’s bat mitzvah , having ejected richie for showing up high and gradually ruining the lives of his coworkers , zak stares intently at a young man playing “life on mars” on the piano . it’s not clear exactly what he sees in the rendition—whether he’s becoming open to piano covers at the label , wants to pursue bowie more doggedly , or something else altogether—but he’s clearly moved . i doubt the show would do anything so severe as make zak the protagonist , but a more prominent role for him would be most welcome . because at this point , vinyl would be much more unique if he and richie started working in cooperation , not in conflict . we’ve seen so many of the main character’s flaws . it’s time to see some oh his strengths , and hopefully a lot less dead people .
am i right in assuming that most of you figured out ernst was dead ( or at least imaginary ) from the moment richie started talking to him ? i say that not to flaunt any kind of intellectual superiority—i’m a very gullible viewer—but to point out how tired a device it is : the concept of a mentally unstable character with a devil on his shoulder , a devil that encourages him to go further down the rabbit hole of depravity and addiction .
i ' d rather see parents try to be more understanding and aware of the help that is available out there as a result of this tragedy .
it’s clearly meant to be a big dramatic reveal when the camera pans around to show the huge bloody hole in the back of ernst’s head , but any viewer who is surprised to discover that ernst is actually a cocaine - induced hallucination was probably also shocked at the end of each episode of “scooby - doo . ”
mule t . census coverage estimation report : summary of estimates of coverage for persons in the united states . washington , dc : us department of commerce , economics and statistics administration , us census bureau ; 2012
lying in bed , richie reflects that he joined the army in part to earn money to send home to kenny , and in part to avoid tough questions about his impossible dreams for the future . over breakfast the next morning , peewee tells richie that he likes the army because for the first time in his life he has exactly what everyone else has—the same clothing , shoes , food , and so on . a large african - american soldier named rings approaches richie and peewee and asks them to cut their skin so that they can all become blood brothers . he explains that they need to stick together as fellow blacks . when richie and peewee refuse to do as rings asks , he calls them uncle toms .
back with his unit , richie learns that the old squad leader , sergeant simpson , has been sent home . his replacement is the racist sergeant dongan , who always places black soldiers in the most dangerous positions . early in their tour of duty , there are racial and ethnic tensions among the squad members , which frequently result in physical confrontations . as the squad’s bond grows stronger , however , petty prejudices begin to fade , and the squad bands together against dongan’s racism . soon , dongan is killed , and the squad is placed under the command of one of its own soldiers , corporal brunner .
modification of the game to remove , replace , or add branding is not allowed without permission .
dr teplin obtained funding , conceptualized and designed the study , supervised the study and acquisition of data , drafted and revised the manuscript , and interpreted data ; dr jakubowski conceptualized and designed the study , drafted and revised the manuscript , conducted statistical analyses , and interpreted data ; dr abram obtained funding , conceptualized and designed the study , supervised the study and acquisition of data , and critically reviewed and revised the manuscript ; ms olson and ms stokes provided administrative and material support , contributed to the initial drafting of the manuscript , critically reviewed and revised the manuscript , and interpreted data ; dr welty obtained funding , conceptualized and designed the study , supervised the study and acquisition of data , drafted and revised the manuscript , conducted statistical analyses , and interpreted data ; and all authors approved the final manuscript as submitted .
having read the book as a teenager and then watching the movie , i was concerned my older brother would meet the same fate as richie . police were always at our house breaking up fights between my brother and my father . it must be hard to be a jr . like my brother and richie . now i am a high school teacher and show the movie to my students , although its a little outdated . the message is still the same : addiction destroys families .
i was a classmate of richie ' s at east meadow high school in the 10th grade - this is 1970 . a couple of times we crossed paths in school ( the school had 4000 students ) and if i recall we were in spanish class when he said to me
i got to take a wizzz
. i remember how he always exagerated and stretched his words - so he says come wih me so we can get out of this class . so i go to the boys room across the hall and he proceeds to pee outside the window instead of the urinal . of course i am laughing but somehow someone saw the pee coming out of the boys room window and was searching class to class to figure out who did this . they never did . until now .
as richie searches for meaning in the war , he also searches for his own sense of self . he struggles to unravel his motivations for enlisting in the army , wondering whether his reason was a selfless one , based on the desire to earn money to provide for kenny , or a selfish one—simply to escape from the hard life he faced in harlem . richie also forces himself to confront the uncomfortable question of what he will do when he returns to civilian life . though he is highly intelligent and highly motivated and has ambitions to become a writer , his family is too poor to send him to college . richie’s father abandoned the family years ago , and his mother has since become an alcoholic . richie is afraid that without an education he has no career potential , and he is unsure what he has to look forward to if he survives .
no , richie never lived to graduate , as he died at the end of february . this friday it will be 43 years to the day he died . i wonder if he could have pulled it together and focused enough to keep his grades up and graduate ?
my name is lenny . in real life i was richies best friend . in the movie and book they called me brick . i know the real story about richie and his father . it . . .
though womack was noticeably absent from the awards ceremony , shane took it upon himself , as a member of the cast in the plot , to make clear that eastenders ran the storyline purely based on the fact it was dramatic as opposed to raising its profile .
an interesting side note : the car crash that occurred near the end of richie ' s life , that really seemed to push his father over the edge - there was richie , lenny , mark ( i think ) and a fourth member , whose name was john , i believe . if i remember correctly , the next day or so , his family sent him away to rehab , far from east meadow and the drugs , etc . . . he was found dead of an od on new year ' s eve , 1979 ( i think ) . the above is all according to the afore mentioned keno , whose blog / story i have read .
‘i don’t think it is ever about ratings and i’m aware some of the complaints actually happened before the show went out so i think that actually says more about the people who don’t watch the show , ’ he said .
you know . . . i was thinking : even the best marksmen on the shooting range will often , when in real physical danger , miss their target . george diener was not a policeman . he never used his gun against anything but stationary targets before he killed richie . i have two theories here . one : unless there was a fluke , he couldn ' t have possibly hit richie in the heart from the distance that was claimed . i ' m beginning to think he shot richie at point - blank range . two : if he wasn ' t shot point - blank , it would explain all the questions about why he couldn ' t have shot richie in the arm or leg . too much adrenaline screws with your aim . explains why the second shot went wide and missed completely .
hi , my name is lenny . you might know me better by the name brick . that was my name in the movie and book . if you knew richie please let us know by leaving a message .
we addressed these limitations by using newly available data from the northwestern juvenile project , a large - scale longitudinal study of health needs and outcomes of delinquent youth . 4 , 16 , 17 we used interview data and obtained official death records up to 16 years after participants’ baseline interview , analyzing all - cause mortality and deaths from all external causes ( homicides , unintentional injuries , and suicides ) , 18 homicide alone , and firearm homicide alone . in the present article , we : ( 1 ) calculated mortality rates according to gender , race / ethnicity , and age , comparing them with the general population in cook county , illinois ( hereafter referred to as general population ) ; ( 2 ) compared causes of death with the general population ; and ( 3 ) determined the association between mortality and modifiable risk factors , such as substance use disorders , gang membership , and drug dealing .
4 . the music nearly came to a halt on saturday night . just hours into the festival , woodstock’s organizers were hemorrhaging money . the sheer number of attendees and the logistics of collecting money and tickets at the gates had forced them to abandon the idea of a for - pay concert and instead let everyone in for free . in addition , they were forced to spend tens of thousands of dollars contracting helicopters to transport food , supplies and the musical acts to and from the site . weeks earlier , in an effort to attract music’s biggest stars to the festival , woodstock’s organizers had agreed to pay some artists more than twice their going rate—and on saturday many of them demanded that they be paid , in cash , before going on stage . fearful of what the crowd would do if the music came to a halt , organizer john roberts agreed to use his trust fund as collateral for an emergency loan . organizers finally convinced the manager of a local bank to open up close to midnight on saturday to get them the funds .
i remember , somebody saying
fuck you !
to a salesman at the furniture store , cause the guy who said that , was sitting in a chair there , eating a snadwich . he then threw the rest of the sandwich into the guy ' s face .


the public domain is a 2015 drama film set in minneapolis , minnesota .

the film follows characters whose lives were impacted by the collapse of the i-35w mississippi river bridge on august 1 , 2007 .

the story takes place seven years later .

it is centered on a bar in a polish neighborhood named the public domain .

the time is around the feast of saint casimir ( march 4 . ) the film was shot on location in minneapolis and st. paul .

budget came from the minnesota arts and cultural heritage fund , through a reimbursement program administered by the minnesota film & tv board independent filmmaker project minnesota .

to qualify , films have to be set in the state and/or have a strong minnesota focus .

the public domain ( film )

urltoken public domain movie torrents hosts a wide variety of movies now in the public domain .
ohio artists remix the public domain : q & a with celia c . peters , producer of public domain pop - up exhibit
on ohio artists remix the public domain : q & a with celia c . peters , producer of public domain pop - up exhibit
ohio artists remix the public domain : q & a with celia c . peters , producer of public domain pop - up exhibit | copyright corner
please note that the laws of various countries define the scope of the public domain differently , making it necessary to specify which jurisdiction ' s public domain is being discussed .
on the strength of its film “another earth” , the non - profit - making artists public domain production company is planning to develop a support and advisory site for independent film directors .
films published march 1 , 1989 to present the only films published anywhere after march 1989 in the us public domain are us government films and ones that the producer dedicated to the public domain .
the earliest films are the easiest to explain : those from before 1923 are in the public domain .
this guide concerns films in the public domain . for a guide to all types of creative works ( books , photos , music , software , etc . ) , see the public domain sherpa . this site provides helpful information on finding and using public domain material in the united states .
note : there is no definitive
slam dunk
certainty or official list when it comes to the question of whether a film is in the public domain . because a film can incorporate cinematography , drama , literature , music , art , and / or trademark , it is more difficult to determine the public domain status of film than for any other media . unfortunately , there is no single method for determining if a film , or parts of it , is in the public domain .
festival films festival films claims that it carries the largest selection of public domain feature films in the world .
all titles in the public domain catalog are available from festival films in the inexpensive dvd - r format .
film superlist : motion pictures in the u . s . public domain , a series of copyright reference books created by attorney walter hurst ( 1930 - 1991 ) .
filmmaker patrick coyle’s new movie , the public domain , centers on the psychological aftermath of the i - 35w bridge collapse .
following are some online resources for finding listings of films and television shows believed to be in the public domain .
“forgotten faces : why some of our cinema heritage is part of the public domain , ” by david pierce ( film history , vol . 19 , no . 20 )
in 1998 an additional 20 years was granted to the copyright period making all films for 1923 on available for a 95 year period of protection . all films made before 1923 are permanently in the public domain . through all of these extensions , american films which had already fallen into the public domain for the reasons sited above continued to be public domain .
the public domain ’s official premiere is scheduled for march 27 at the lagoon theater . if you miss it there , you can catch it at the duluth superior film festival in june .
one of charlie chaplin’s most acclaimed works ( and a favorite of chaplin himself ) , the gold rush actually exists in two versions , one of which is entirely public domain . the copyright renewal for the original film was never filed , meaning that version became public domain in 1953 . however , in 1942 chaplin himself reedited and re - released the film with a new score and recorded narration . while the original footage , and therefore the original film in its entirety , are still public domain , chaplin’s additions were copyrighted , and the copyright was later renewed .
first of all , in writing the film , coyle dispensed with all the easy , obvious plot options . whatever your expectations may be for a film “about” the 35w calamity , the public domain will defy them . the characters are not based on real people .
patrick coyle ' s
the public domain ,
opening friday at lagoon cinema , dissects the human damage from the 2007 disaster .
the pd catalog contains mostly american films made before 1964 . these carefully researched films have been considered to be in the public domain in the usa for many years . why is a film in the public domain ? study all about it in this copyright discussion . briefly , films fall into the public domain because they were never properly registered with the library of congress in the first place or were not renewed as required by the prevailing copyright laws at the time .
for larger collections of the best public domain feature films , check out our gold and silver collections of 50 films each .
the christmas classic might be the most famous public domain movie of all time , but you may have noticed it only airs on one tv network ( nbc ) every holiday season , which isn’t exactly public domain treatment for such a sought - after seasonal movie . that’s because , while technically still in the public domain , it does enjoy certain copyright protections now that it didn’t in the decades when it became a constantly re - running holiday staple on public television . in 1974 , the initial 28 - year copyright on the film expired when owner republic pictures failed to renew it , and so the film entered the public domain . in 1993 , though , republic used a new supreme court ruling to essentially reclaim the film by asserting their copyright to the original story on which the film is based—“the greatest gift” by philip van doren stern . using this and their copyright to the film’s music , republic was able to reassert a degree of ownership over the film , and in 1994 they granted nbc a long - term deal to broadcast the film each christmas , which continues today . technically , the film itself is still public domain , so if you wanted to completely reedit it and change the music , you could … but who wants that ?
perhaps the greatest of buster keaton’s legendary silent comedies , the general shares the gold rush ’s slightly complex release history . the original keaton film entered the public domain in 1956 , when the original copyright expired , but another version exists . in 1953 , film distributor raymond rohauer re - released the film with new edits , music , and an introduction . the rohauer copyright was later renewed , but as with the gold rush , only the additional elements are under copyright . keaton’s original remains public domain .
manos is famously bad , so much so that almost no one had heard of the film until the cult tv series mystery science theater 3000 mercilessly mocked it in a 1993 episode . that episode vaulted the film into the public imagination , and it has since gained considerable fame among bad movie fans . the original film features no copyright notice , placing it in the public domain , but the story’s gotten more complicated in recent years .
acquires title to , and control over , the physical items . the intellectual property of works not in the public domain remains with their legal owners . the
festival films has been in business for over 35 years and has acquired thousands of public domain films and tv shows . we constantly add titles and update quality with new film to video transfers . click on the cafe roxy sign for
variety programs
of public domain films . click on lost & rare for exclusive rare films !
films created by and for the us government except in fairly rare cases where the us government commissioned a film and expressly allowed the producer to maintain copyright , all films from the us government are in the public domain . the us may maintain copyright protection in foreign countries . in addition , films made by local and state governments may or may not be in the public domain .
public domain is an intellectual property designation referring to the body of creative works and knowledge in which no person , government or organization has any proprietary interest such as a copyright . these works are considered part of the public cultural and intellectual heritage of content that is not owned or controlled by anyone and which may be freely used by all . according to wikipedia :
these materials are public property , and available for anyone to use freely ( the
right to copy
) for any purpose . the public domain can be defined in contrast to several forms of intellectual property ; the public domain in contrast to copyrighted works is different from the public domain in contrast to trademarks or patented works .
the public domain | out + about features | the best of the twin cities | mpls . st . paul magazine - mpls . st . paul magazine
although the film won the international prize at the 1951 venice film festival and was a hit with the british press , critical reaction in the u . s . was mixed . the
infodigi ' s public domain resource infodigi provides an list ( in alphabetical order from a through z ) of films that are probably in the public domain . if you plan to use one of these films we recommend that you consult with an attorney to ensure that it meets the standards .
for laws specific to the united states , see the section
us copyright rules : films in the us public domain
included at the end of this guide .
all users of public domain films should become familiar with the concept by perusing this copyright discussion . briefly , films fall into the public domain if they are released without any © notice in the credits , if they are never registered with the library of congress , or if they were not renewed after 28 years as required for films and tv shows made before 1964 . oh , yes , any film from any country that was made before 1923 is in the public domain . there are other nuances so do study up !
these are some companies that distribute public domain films for commercial purposes such as transferring to different formats for retail sale and generating stock footage .
the film is about four strangers whose lives are connected by the 35w bridge collapse in 2007 . it has also been tapped to screen at the minneapolis - st . paul international film festival in april and the duluth superior film festival in june .
his girl friday is one of the most famous films in the public domain—but with an interesting loophole . the play on which the film is based , 1928’s the front page , was copyrighted and renewed , which means it’s still protected and therefore so is any work directly based on it . this makes his girl friday practically unusable in terms of free exhibition , because you’d need permission from the copyright owners of the front page , even though the film is , technically , public domain .
what was the first article you posted ? we initially focused on things that were coming into the public domain that year . in many countries , works enter the public domain 70 years after the death of the author or artist , and 2011 saw the works of nathaniel west enter the public domain , including his most famous book , day of the locusts . the first article was about that and west’s relationship with hollywood , written by marion meade , who’d recently published a book on the subject .
the public domain is coyle’s third feature film . his first two— detective fiction ( 2003 ) and into temptation ( 2009 ) —were critical ( if not commercial ) successes . likewise , the public domain should secure coyle’s reputation as one of the most serious and interesting filmmakers in town—which may or may not be a good thing , depending on your tolerance for movies that make you think .
a film ' s protected status and protectable life begins with the initial commercial showing , the copyright registration date , or the in - notice date - whichever comes first . to help people understand the general principals of why a film enters the public domain , festival films has put together a helpful synopsis , which is reproduced below .
mclintock ! , one of five films to feature the iconic partnership of john wayne and maureen o’hara , is both a public domain film and the subject of an interesting public domain court case . the initial copyright , held by wayne’s company batjac productions , expired in 1991 . in 1996 , batjac attempted to register copyrights on two drafts of the mclintock ! screenplay , and filed suit that same year against goodtimes home video , a company that began releasing vhs tapes of the film as a result of its public domain status in 1993 . batjac’s argument was that , since it owned the screenplay , the screenplay drafts should be copyrighted and the film should therefore fall under the screenplay copyright . a u . s . district court ruled that the release of the film itself “effected the publication of the unpublished screenplay to the extent that the screenplay was incorporated into the film , ” and denied batjac’s claim . the decision was later upheld by the ninth circuit court in 1998 .
why is this man smiling ? patrick coyle ' s movie
public domain
has been picked up by landmark and will premiere here march 27 .
peters : we initially provided artists with links to a plethora of public domain material that they could use for their pieces . artists in the show are providing me with links to sources that confirm that either the expired copyright of the content they’ve used was not renewed or that the work has been put into the public domain by the copyright owner .
“it’s a wonderful life” became a fixture on television after apparently falling into the public domain , but it was often broadcast using substandard prints . eventually , the film was brought back into the copyright fold partly via the 1939 short story on which it was based .
wired magazine compiled this list of the 10 best public domain movies worth downloading to your computer or mobile device . find them at sites like urltoken or urltoken .
“we typically prioritize the preservation of public domain titles here because we figure if we don’t , then no one is likely to , ” mr . mashon wrote .
stanley donen’s classic thriller is still praised today for its screenplay and its hitchcockian filmmaking , but an early error made it one of the most high - profile films to ever enter the public domain . the final version of the film bears the notice “mcmlxiii by universal pictures company , inc . and stanley donen films , inc . all rights reserved . ” somehow , no one working at the print lab or at universal noticed the lack of the word “copyright” or the copyright emblem , and so the film fell into the public domain immediately upon release .
we reached out to the exhibit’s founder and producer , celia c . peters , to learn more about the upcoming show and the relationship between artists , art , and the public domain .
buster keaton in the 1926 silent film “the general , ” directed by keaton and clyde bruckman .
“i remember seeing those public domain ‘39 steps’ prints . it’s not just that the film is dupey , ” he said , referring to the duplication of inferior prints without reference to an original negative . “the soundtracks were so muddy you could hardly hear them . ”
the public domain : how to find & use copyright - free writings , music , art & more by stephen fishman . berkeley , ca : nolo , 2014 .
what criteria do you use to choose stuff for the review ? as the name suggests , all our content is in the public domain , so that ' s the first criterion . we try to focus on works that are in the public domain in most countries , which isn’t as easy as it sounds since every country has different rules . generally , it means stuff created by people who passed away before the early 1940s . the second criterion is that there are no restrictions on the re - use of the digital copies of the public domain material .
openflix openflix provides a directory of movies commonly thought to be in the public domain and works their owners are willing to let be distributed . use of movies in the public domain , though , is limited by difficulty of identifying works that truly do not have any proprietary interests . through dialogue , openflix hopes to resolve some of the confusion .
festival films catalog of public domain action , comedy , horror , war , science - fiction , cartoons , serials , black heritage , 1950s tv and more .
the issue may be increasingly moot as viewers become more accustomed to high - definition quality , which restorations like those by the british film institute and the library of congress make possible . the public domain prints of the films in the “hitchcock 9” series , for instance , are a distant memory .
dvd - r prices start at $ 30 for a feature film , 4 half - hour tv shows or a cafe roxy program , with discounts for volume purchases . see our pricing page . dvds come with a statement as to why each film or films are in the public domain . a free dvd sampler disc is available on request .
the public domain ( a quintessential northeast pub invented for the locally shot film ) is where callers go to revisit time in a bottle . we enter this home away from home eight years after the disaster alongside several regulars , each still coping with unique varieties of life’s fallout .
“the public domain” is the second movie to wrap production that has received legacy - amendment public money from the minnesota arts and cultural heritage fund , through a reimbursement program administered by the minnesota film & tv board independent filmmaker project minnesota . in order to qualify for up to $ 175 , 000 , films have to be set in the state and / or have a strong minnesota focus .
film superlist : motion pictures in the u . s . public domain . created by walter e . hurst ; updated edition by d . richard baer . hollywood , calif . : hollywood film archive , 1992 - 1994 . ( three volumes to date , covering 50 , 000 films from the years 1894 - 1939 , 1940 - 49 , and 1950 - 59 . )
in order to comply with copyright laws of the 1960s , a film had to display its release year , its copyright owner , and the copyright logo ( or the word “copyright” ) somewhere on the final release cut . when the walter reade organization agreed to distribute night of the living dead , it was called night of the flesh eaters . a legal dispute with another similarly named film necessitated a title change , but when the change was made , the distributor failed to include the copyright notice on the print , so the film immediately fell into the public domain .
after 1923 , public - domain challenges arise when the copyright is not renewed . later congressional extensions of copyright complicate the matter ( and have been the subject of debate ) , but the initial period is crucial .
drag story hour brings glitz and kid lit to st . paul ' s public libraries
fishman , stephen , the public domain : how to find & use copyright - free writings , music , art & more by stephen fishman . berkeley , ca : nolo , 2006 .
madeleine carroll and robert donat in “the 39 steps , ” a 1935 film directed by alfred hitchcock .
if a tv station , film society or movie theater wants to try public domain films , they often ask which ones go over best with audiences today ? here are recommendations for 3 features in each genre . some are available as
programs
with shorts and cartoons .
in 1966 congress prepared a new copyright law that extended protection to 75 years from the date a film was released . this same extension applied to films which had not entered the public domain prior to 1966 . thus any film in copyright after 1909 and renewed automatically had its copyright period extended to 75 years . in 1992 legislation extended to films made prior to 1978 and after 1963 the automatic extension of their initial copyright . such films were automatically protected without copyright renewal . this law did not set aside the requirement under law for prompt registration for film made prior to 1978 and as such failure to register those films within the copyright registration period of 28 years automatically transferred the materials to the public domain .
march of the wooden soldiers is a particularly interesting case , because depending on who you ask , it might not actually be in the public domain . the film was originally babes in toyland , a 1934 laurel and hardy vehicle based on the victor herbert operetta of the same name . in 1950 , after some financial juggling , the original film was licensed to distributor lippert pictures for a re - release . lippert made some cuts to the original film and retitled it march of the wooden soldiers , believing that a title suggesting war would earn more box office bucks . in the process , though , lippert failed to add a copyright notice for the new title . the copyright for the original babes release was renewed , but the copyright for march never existed , leading some distributors ( and now youtubers ) to continue putting that cut of the film out as a public domain release .
there are now three versions of a star is born ( with a fourth on the way in 2018 ) , but the original is the only one in the public domain . originally produced by the legendary david o . selznick under his selznick international pictures banner , the film bounced around quite a bit in years after its release . as selznick international pictures dissolved , the rights to the film went to financier john hay whitney , who then sold them to film classics , inc . in 1943 . when its theatrical rerun potential declined , film classics put the film up for sale , and producer edward l . alperson bought it , hoping to remake it . alperson then sold the rights again in 1953 to warner bros . , which then produced a 1954 remake starring judy garland and james mason . somewhere in all that hand - changing , the film’s copyright renewal was forgotten .
a scene from “night of the living dead , ” a horror film directed by george romero from 1968 .
need more assistance determining whether or not a movie is in the public domain ? contact the sights and sounds department at ( 410 ) 396 - 4616 or e - mail us through our ask a question service .
there are books that purport to list films in the public domain , but they should be used only as a preliminary source of information . the film superlist : motion pictures in the u . s . public domain and motion picture copyrights & renewals 1950 - 1959 ( bibliographic citations below ) expand upon library of congress publications of the catalog of copyright entries by providing renewal information . however , even for films where no renewal was found , you will need to check further . be sure to read the introductory matter when using either publication .
in 2011 , film school graduate and collector ben solovey discovered an unedited work print of the film and began raising funds to restore it . he later copyrighted his restoration , which was released on blu - ray in 2015 . joe warren , son of manos writer and director harold warren , disputes that copyright and the film’s public domain status , based on a copyright notice filed on the original screenplay , which warren discovered in 2013 . the dispute still isn’t resolved , and warren recently filed to trademark the title of the film , putting a number of fan projects in jeopardy . as of february 2017 , a fundraising effort was underway to challenge warren’s trademark claim .
until the sonny bono copyright term extension act in 1998 , films could generally enjoy 75 years of copyright protection . anything that had fallen out by then , however , was understood to stay in the public domain . that alone covers a wealth of film history , including much of the work of foundational filmmakers including griffiths and keaton .
by frances hodgson burnett . the film was the first shirley temple movie to be filmed completely in technicolor . < / >
filmmaker patrick coyle ’s locally shot “the public domain” has been picked up by landmark , and will get its premiere at the lagoon on march 27 , with more cities to follow based on how well it sells here .
how to access material from the nfsa collection as well as information about screening loans , black screen and the film australia collection .
20 , 000 leagues under the sea the universal film manufacturing company was not known in the silent era as premier producer of motion pictures .
oddly , even though hitchcock’s early films have rights holders , that does not appear to have stopped versions from going on the internet . “the 39 steps , ” “the lodger” and others are online as supposed examples of public - domain works .
list of films in the public domain in the united states ( wikipedia ) this is an incomplete wikipedia list , which may never be able to satisfy certain standards for completion . it provides an alphabetical list , a through z .
so no royalties and no fears . public domain films may be broadcast on cable tv , on the internet , duplicated freely , sold on dvd , used for stock footage in various projects and shown to audiences everywhere !
there are hundreds of movies , cartoons and dozens of television shows that are now in the public domain , which means that they may be shown at public screenings without violating copyright laws . some of these movies are considered classics such as george romero ' s night of the living dead ( 1968 ) , charlie chaplin ' s the kid ( 1921 ) , and alfred hitchcock ' s the man who knew too much ( 1934 version ) . the copyrights to many of these movies were either not properly registered initially or were not renewed and therefore the content is now in the public domain .
please call or write me at fesfilms @ urltoken for a price quote on higher format masters for dvd authoring . public domain means no royalties and no cost beyond the initial purchase . you may then broadcast the film , sell it on dvd , put it on the internet for downloading or simply watch and enjoy it like millions of fans out there .
the public domain review collates out - of - copyright works online , providing the world with an accessible alley to explore how some of the most interesting and formative parts of our culture existed centuries before tumblr and spotify were ever dreamed . . .
copyright notice publication of materials without notice caused the materials to immediately fall into the public domain . the law required that a copyright notice consisting of the year , the word copyright or the symbol for copyright ( © ) in its place , and the name of the claiming copyright owner . the notice had to be clearly displayed and readable somewhere in the opening or closing credits of a film or television production . publication of a defective notice was the same as publication without notice and the work would fall into the public domain . examples of films released without © notices are night of the living dead , mclintock ! , carnival of souls , some 1950s tv shows and many roger corman films .
is a 1939 american drama film directed by walter lang . the screenplay by ethel hill and walter ferris is loosely based on the novel
still , bruce goldstein , the film forum programmer in charge of repertory , can recall what happened when those protections lapsed .
peters : well , i don’t want to give too much away…but i will say that public domain is a group show and that it features artists working in a mix of media : illustration , 3d art , painting , graphic art , video and even paper sculpture . there are very diverse aesthetics and very distinctive perspectives represented in the show , which is exactly what i’d hoped for . the artists have pulled from very different areas of the public domain for inspiration and , something else that i’m quite excited about : many of them chose to use public domain content in a different medium than the one their piece is in . i love that they’ve mixed it up . it’s all about imagination !
indicate that paramount paid luis kutner for the rights to the story
cicero , illinois ,
but no material from the story was used in the film .
that is not the case with the film forum retrospective , which will include the silents known as the “ hitchcock 9 ” that have been restored by the british film institute . yet other titles are not so lucky , raising the question of why these movies wind up in this predicament in the first place .
we constantly seek rare films ourselves that are not widely available and transfer from 16mm film format to video master . an example from june , 2010 , is the 1952 lloyd bridges film three steps north that will be released by alpha video in the fall .
“i know people will find this confusing , but this isn’t a film about the bridge collapse , ” coyle explains . “it’s a film about people , and the bridge just happens to be part of their life experience , whether they like it or not . ”
and as late as the 1990s , the early british films of alfred hitchcock were considered to be in the public domain . these works , ranging back from “the 39 steps” in 1935 to lesser - known titles , frequently circulated in the united states in inferior prints and subpar home video editions .
quality is guaranteed . any film found to be inferior may be exchanged for another title . some films because of their age or rarity are simply not available in perfect condition . whenever better material turns up , we upgrade our masters . there are no company logos or watermarks over the picture , and none of those scary fbi warnings that do not apply to public domain films .
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peters : the public domain is important to artists because it connects us to artists from the past and our shared drive to create ; there’s something very powerful about that . it also removes the barrier of licensing fees from the equation . depending on the nature of a project , an artist may need to access music , imagery or other creative elements from outside sources… . and that can be cost prohibitive or challenging in terms of tracking down who actually owns the rights and paying to use the content . but , in the case of public domain content , though , it belongs to all of us !
for her first scene in the twin cities - shot feature “the public domain , ” emily bridges takes a sunny august trip across the interstate 35w bridge into downtown minneapolis . she’s costumed for a summer afternoon spin in a light sleeveless blouse , driving her car with its windows rolled all the way down .
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why watch it ? this film was based on ernest hemingway’s novel by the same name . and similar to the book , which experienced censorship issues , the film had difficulty getting approved . particularly , the board had problems with hayes’s childbirth scenes , which included labor pains , vocal discomfort , and funnily enough , gas .
like many of cult movie master roger corman’s films , the little shop of horrors was made cheap and fast ( corman apparently only shot for two days ) . it was also made with only the initial theatrical release earnings in mind . since corman didn’t see the potential for the film’s market beyond that theatrical run , he apparently didn’t copyright the film . two decades and countless tv broadcasts later , it inspired the hit musical of the same name , which was in turn made into the hit 1986 film .
to acquire the worldwide distribution rights . as the production of the film cost 150 , 000 dollars , to which an equivalent amount should be added for delivery , apd consequently recouped
bridges , daughter of actor beau bridges and niece of his oscar - winning brother jeff bridges , dealt with the trials of the arctic shoot like a los angeles trouper — even though “last winter was the coldest winter we had since 1847 , ” said the film’s writer / director , patrick coyle . his third feature , “the public domain” begins a run at lagoon cinema in minneapolis on friday , march 27 . landmark theaters plans a national release based on the local ticket sales .
events like the bridge disaster send a ripple of fear through our collective consciousness . yet we all absorb and process that emotion in different ways . fear can paralyze and destroy ; it can breed anxiety , addiction , guilt , depression , and anger—but it can also motivate and inspire . local filmmaker , actor , and writer patrick coyle has attempted to capture some of the psychological complexity of this emotional ripple effect in his new film , the public domain .
why watch it ? this fast - talking screwball comedy , under the direction of howard hawks — the big sleep ( 1946 ) , bringing up baby ( 1938 ) — is actually an adaptation of the play “the front page . ” actually , it’s the second adaptation , with the first being the 1931 lewis milestone–directed the front page , which also fell into the public domain . rosalind russell wasn’t the film’s first pick for leading lady : irene dunne was originally pegged for the part , but she felt the role was too small . joan crawford , claudette colbert , and jean arthur also refused the part .
prior to 1988 , when the u . s . finally signed the berne convention implementation act , all films distributed after 1909 were required to provide a registered copyright . if properly printed , the copyright lasted for 28 years before it needed be renewed , assuring that the film would remain property of whatever studio owned it . but studios during the golden age were focused on profit , not preservation , making it easy to lose track of renewal deadlines — meaning many of those forgotten films fell into the public domain .
after the film ' s release , writer victor desny sued wilder and paramount in a $ 150 , 000 breach of contract suit . according to a july 1956
he cited the examples of the buster keaton film “the general” ( 1926 ) , “his girl friday , ” “meet john doe” and “nothing sacred , ” a 1937 screwball comedy starring carole lombard .
thousands upon thousands of films have been released in the united states since the dawn of cinema , which means it’s only natural for some to fall through the cracks , even classic ones . today , movie studios guard their products with armies of copyright lawyers intent on preserving every possible aspect for potential commercialization , but it wasn’t always so regimented , and as a result thousands of films are in the public domain . some are studio releases with unrenewed copyrights , others are independent productions with errors in the credits , and still more are the impetus behind some interesting legal proceedings . from horror icons to silent classics , here are 11 films and their public domain stories .
the uniquely non - profit feature of artists public domain is essential in determining the many resources the outfit uses to support independent cinema it is there to defend . one of its support programmes involves the direct funding in particular of directors and cinematographic projects supported by ifp , another non - profit organisation that since 1979 produces and assists independent authors in implementing their projects . what is more , apd is also the producer of its own short and long features , both dramas and documentaries . during 2010 , several film projects with budgets
tyler brodie and hunter gray that the story began in new york in 2001 . the two producers occupied positions in a profit - making film production company but wanted to develop ancillary projects , often more ambitious but much less certain as to their profitability . artists public domain was then set up with the operating principle of supporting only projects without purely profit - making ambitions ten years later , apd has held to that course and now brings together five professionals from the independent american film world . apart from the founders , who are also at the head of verisimilitude films , the management team is made up of paul mezey of journeyman pictures , of alex orlovsky , a producer with hunting lane films and of joana vicente , executive director of the independent filmmaker project ( ifp ) . as all hold a full - time job outside this set - up , none of the members is paid for the work put into artists public domain , so that all the financial resources available can be fully devoted to films in production . it is only very recently that the company hired its first member of staff .
peters : there were a couple of artists who ( like many others in the general public ) weren’t quite clear on the boundaries of copyright . i think feel it’s very important for all of us as artists to know what protection our own work has as well as making sure we don’t violate anyone else’s intellectual property rights , in particular having access to something versus having permission to use it . i . so i try to shed light on copyright and also clarify where the public domain comes into play . and of course , having the support of the copyright resource center was a great resource ! [ editor’s note : thanks ! it was our pleasure . ] in talking to people about the show , i’ve found that lots of folks have heard the term ‘public domain , ’ but they weren’t really sure what it means . that’s why i decided to include the definition on the show’s web site !
copyright renewal initially under copyright law the first registration with the library of congress was for a term of 28 years , and that term could be renewed for another 28 years for a total protected term of 56 years . failure to renew 28 years after a movie or tv show was made is the main reason that american films made before 1964 are currently in the public domain .
much of the film’s month of shooting was outdoors , said coyle , whose earlier local productions were the 2003 sundance entry “detective fiction” and 2009’s “into temptation , ” starring jeremy sisto and kristin chenoweth .
films first published outside the us prior to gatt , nafta , and other treaties , foreign films had to follow the same rules as ones originally published in the us . these treaties retroactively relaxed the requirements of copyright renewal and notice for foreign films . while many foreign films published 1923 or after used to be in the us public domain , currently almost none are . for films first published outside the us before 1923 , almost all are in the us public domain . in addition to the provisos listed above for us pre - 1923 films , there is another exception for foreign published films between 1909 and 1923 that were first published without a copyright notice ( or based on a published work without copyright notice ) . the online books page does an excellent write - up of this exception .
as the film ' s new title . modern sources note that the change was made in reaction to the picture ' s poor box office receipts . actor frank jaquet is listed eighth in the opening cast credits , but twelfth in the end credits .
why watch it ? we’re sure plane enthusiasts will get a kick out of this film , as it features authentic american airlines dc - 6 and convair 240 planes . filming commercial aircraft during their early years was costly , but mgm and american airlines struck a deal : mgm would feature genuine aircraft , and american airlines would promote the film’s upcoming release .
news item announced barbara rush as a cast member , she did not appear in the final film . as noted in production files , richard gaines replaced roy regnier in the role of
nagel .
at first glance , the public domain appears to be a deep , intimidating vortex of innumerable media . to some extent , this is true — by way of making it slightly less so , let’s talk about what , exactly , it is . a free , accessible resource for films , books , and music available to the public , the public domain’s been in existence ever since copyright laws were implemented back in the 18th century . in their early years , copyrights ( indicated by that © you’ve seen in books , music , movies , and other works ) varied from country to country . it wasn’t until the berne convention of 1886 — an international agreement governing copyright that protects literary and artistic works — that a universal copyright procedure was assembled . but not for the united states , which refused to take part in the convention for over 100 years , because it required too many significant changes to their moral rights and copyright formalities .
the national film and sound archive of australia acknowledges australia ' s aboriginal and torres strait islander peoples as the traditional custodians of the land on which we work and live and gives respect to their elders both past and present .
, a website offering advice and working support to film directors . following the very lucrative sale of one of its films , this non - profit organisation has decided to develop its services further .
all works of art eventually fall out of copyright . the laws surrounding the topic vary from country to country and case to case , but the symphonies of beethoven , brahms , and tchaikovsky , for example , are all out of copyright and in the public domain , meaning you could technically hire an orchestra , rerecord any piece of their music , and use it to soundtrack your student film . nobody ' s done it yet because it would be a very expensive , selfless thing to do , but the option ' s there for any philanthropic millionaire with a taste for three - hour existentialist ruminations on the self .
a bridge spanning a river collapses during rush hour . eight years later , the lives of four people , impacted by the tragedy and on the run from their personal demons , intersect in the public . . . see full summary »
nara has an extensive collection of films created for and produced by the u . s . government that are in the public domain , including military films , educational and documentary films ( 1915 - 1976 ) . nara also has gift materials from private sources , such as universal newsreel releases and outtakes ( 1929 - 67 ) . you can search some of their holdings using the arc online catalog .
why watch it ? jane russell , a notable hollywood bombshell , rose to fame due to the publicity of this film , which had russell sporting a shockingly low - cut shirt , lying seductively in a pile of hay . the film was completed in 1941 but wasn’t actually released widely until 1946 , because of the motion picture production association’s request that director howard hughes cut down the amount of screen time given to russell’s cleavage .
this sudden interest by the major groups of the audiovisual and cinema industry in low - budget productions somewhat surprised the members of artists public domain and complicated the way the organisation operates . it is now pondering the borderline between a commercial and a non - commercial project . moreover , for a non - profit outfit whose financial operations are based simply on reinvesting the earnings from earlier productions into subsidising the next , what is the appropriate use to be made of a substantial amount of money acquired from the sale of another earth ?
“this is an issue about rights holders policing their material on the internet , ” bryony dixon , curator of silent film at the bfi national archive , wrote in an email . “a lot of the time this is not worth the labor involved . ”
article , the court
affirmed the reversal
of the summary judgment , ruling that a writer with a story based on an idea not otherwise protected by law - i . e . one that is in the public domain - can still compel payment if he takes the proper steps to protect himself . modern sources note that in august 1956 , desny received $ 14 , 350 as part of a private settlement with wilder and paramount .
“most commonly , a film’s copyright might not be renewed after its initial 28 years of protection had expired , ” michael mashon , head of the moving image section at the library of congress , wrote in an email .
all titles in the public domain catalog ( above ) are also available on top - quality , economical dvd - r format as well as mpeg2 video files for internet streaming . many tv stations use dvd - r for their broadcasts . we supply cafe roxy programs on dvd - r because most movie theaters and other venues have dvd projection or large screen tvs in place .
they show up in discount dvd bins , or more often today online , sometimes looking a little worse for the wear . a general pall of darkness might cloud the image ; the dialogue might be a bit tinnier than you remembered . often the quality is not too shabby , though in the case of the web , it can be a surprise that they’re online at all . they’re films that have fallen out of copyright for one reason or another and must weather the wilds of the public domain .
why watch it ? welles was known for his unpopular talent of overspending and overscheduling his movies . for welles , the stranger was supposed to challenge that reputation by making this film on schedule and within its budget . upon completion , welles would be given a four - picture contract with international pictures , but they thought the film would be futile and backed out . the stranger was his first and only real box - office success .
the majority of the digital copies featured are in the public domain or under an open license all over the world , however , some works may not be so in all jurisdictions . on each collections post we’ve done our best to indicate which rights we think apply , so please do check and look into more detail where necessary , before reusing . all articles published under a creative commons attribution - sharealike 3 . 0 license . strong freedom in the zone .