durable water repellent , or dwr , is a coating added to fabrics at the factory to make them water-resistant ( or hydrophobic ) .

most factory-applied treatments are fluoropolymer based .

durable water repellents are commonly used in conjunction with waterproof breathable fabrics such as gore-tex to prevent the outer layer of fabric from becoming saturated with water .

this saturation , called ' wetting out , ' can reduce the garment 's breathability ( moisture transport through the breathable membrane ) and let water through .

as the dwr wears off over time , re-treatment is recommended when necessary .

many spray-on and wash-in products for treatment of non-waterproof garments and re-treatment of proofed garments losing their water-repellency are available from sources of sporting apparel .

older methods for factory application of dwr treatments involve applying a solution of a chemical onto the surface of the fabric by spraying or dipping .

more recently the chemistry is applied in the vapor phase using chemical vapor deposition ( cvd ) machinery .

the advantages of cvd include eliminating the use of hazardous and environmentally harmful solvents in the application process ; requiring less chemical ; and an extremely thin waterproof layer that has less effect on the natural look and feel of the fabric .

later advances have eliminated perfluorinated acids , considered to be potentially hazardous to human health by the us environmental protection agency and numerous research studies , from the application process .

an overview of the current situation on use of per - and polyfluoroalkyl substances ( pfass ) within repellent clothing has been written by three industry experts

durable water repellent

make raingear shed water like new again with revivex durable water repellent spray . our best - performing waterproofing spray , revivex durable water repellent is a breathable dwr that repels water , oil , and stains .
waterproof jackets are only able to repel water whilst their dwr ( or ' durable water repellent ' ) coating is working .
nearly every piece of technical outerwear today is treated with a durable water repellent ( dwr ) finish before leaving the factory .
if the water sinks in and absorbs into the material , your jacket is
wetting out
and needs to have the durable water repellent finish reapplied .
normal detergents can adversely affect the durable water repellent ( dwr ) finish and leave a hydrophilic residue , so they should never be used .
add durable water repellency treatment to the wash , following the instructions on the bottle .
if the water beads up , staying on the outside of the garment like dew drops , your jacket does not need to have the durable water repellent finish reapplied .
followed directions and it worked . nylon rain jacket is now water repellent again !
following spray application , tumble dry your garment for 20 minutes to reactivate the durable water - repellent ( dwr ) treatment on the outer fabric .
once it is dry , tumble dry your garment for 20 minutes to reactivate the durable water - repellent ( dwr ) treatment on the outer fabric .
virtually all rainwear have their exteriors treated with a durable water repellent ( dwr ) finish . it is rainwear ' s first line of defense against precipitation .
10 . 5 oz 10 . 5 oz durable + 10 fl oz pro cleaner 10 . 5 oz durable + 10 fl oz down cleaner
urltoken covers dwr ( durable water repellent ) and explains what it is , how it works , why it is important , and demonstrates how easy it is to compromize the effectiveness of dwr .
many articles of clothing are treated with water repellent substances , but these substances break down over time . there is more
dwr is durable water repellency , another way of coating the fabric after a laminate or membrane has been applied to form a protective wall from water droplets on the outer layer .
dwr is a water repellent coating added at the manufacturing stage to a product . usually dwr is used not only used to help repel water , but to increase breathability .
to retreat a dwr coated product , simply wash it and then apply a special reproofer , which can be a wash in or spray in water repellent .
this is a test in which a tube of water 1
in diameter is filled with water .
three - ply gore - tex is more durable as there is no friction on the actual membrane and it is completely protected .
the first step to revive durable water repellent finishes on clothing is to clean the garment . often , removing surface oils and dirt will help restore the fiber’s hydrophobic qualities . next , expose the article of clothing to heat . place the clothing in a dry and tumble dry on low to medium heat . always follow the garment’s care directions on the label .
when the factory applied treatment can no longer be reactivated , apply a new water - repellent treatment available as a pump - spray or a wash - in product to the garment ' s outer fabric .
when a glass capillary is is placed in liquid water , water rises up into the capillary . the height to which the water rises depends on the diameter of the tube and the temperature of the water but not on the angle at which the tube enters the water . the smaller the diameter , the higher the liquid rises .
depending on how old your jacket is — and how often you use it — you may need to restore the water repellent treatment on the outside of the fabric . luckily , there ' s an easy fix .
fluoropolymers break down over time when exposed to water and chemicals . laundry soap will eventually decrease the treated garment’s ability to repel water by leaving a residue that attracts water and dirt , so re - treatment becomes necessary .
water repellent garments are usually treated with a substance called fluoropolymers . a fluoropolymer is characterized by many strong fluoride - carbon bonds . it is resistant to liquids , solvents and various chemicals . this substance is most well known as teflon .
the material is comparatively heavy . it is questionable whether it is sufficiently durable to be recommended for serious mountaineering use . it has no hydrostatic head . when it needs reproofing water can be pushed through the fabric , e . g . by the weight of a rucksack ; however the water will disappear soon after the pressure is released .
many manufacturers of high performance outdoor clothing use outer fabrics that are treated with durable water repellent . the vast majority , despite differences in marketing names and claims , are based on flouropolymers . these are ptfe molecules that are applied to the surface and cured at high heat to make them adhere better and increase performance . these compounds have a fluorine atom at one end which is highly hydrophobic . heat causes them to align themselves with their flourines exposed . water tries to move away from the flourines resulting in beading . this allows the water to roll off without wetting the fabric .
water droplets should roll right off of the jacket when you pick it up .
a two - ply gore - tex is more durable than a one layer creation , yet the fabric is more susceptible to abrasion on the inner surface than a three ply or xcr gore layer .
dwr is not permanent , though . regular wear and tear , plus exposure to dirt , detergents , insect repellent , and other impurities can shorten its lifespan . the good news is that restoring the water repellency of your gore - tex shell is extremely easy .
to prevent wet out , all gore - tex shell fabrics are treated with an ultra - thin treatment called dwr , adurable water repellent polymer that is applied to the outermost fabric layer . dwr penetrates the fibers and lowers the surface tension of the fabric , causing water to bead up and roll off this outer layer of fabric , instead of being absorbed .
ideally you should look at dwr treatments as a way to improve or enhance existing water resistance .
paramo works like the fur of an animal whereas conventional waterproofs work more like a sheet of plastic . there are three constituent components : two layers of fabric and a waterproofing agent . the fabric is impregnated with nikwax tx direct treatment t hat leaves a water - repellent finish on each individual fibre so that the outer layer , as well as being fully windproof , will deflect at least 90 % of water that hits it .
after the treatment has been applied , apply your garment to a heat source , such as an iron , tumble dryer or a radiator , which will encourage the activation of the water repellent properties . ( this should be on a low setting so as to not harm the fibres and cause further abrasion to the garment . )
all waterproof jackets , including gore - tex jackets , rely on a durable water repellent finish in order to keep you dry . these treatments also keep the surface fabric of your garment dry , maintaining the breathability of the fabric . over time , however , these dwr treatments will wear off and become less effective . when this happens , they need reapplying . once you start to notice that you don ' t get the same level of beading on the jacket as you did previously , it ' s time to give your garment a thorough clean , and a fresh dwr treatment .
if , however , the water sits on the fabric and that section begins to darken slightly , water is making its way to the fibers and wetting the fabric . it ' s time to revive your dwr .
your jacket has got your back . it follows you on adventures , keeping you warm and dry even through the stormiest weather . so return the favor—keep your jacket healthy and strong by reapplying the dwr ( durable water repellent ) finish to your jacket . this guide will show you how to test whether your jacket needs to be treated and how to treat it . you ' ll want to start with a clean jacket . dirt , oil and use can wear the dwr finish off your jacket , allowing water to penetrate into the fabric . fortunately , reapplying a dwr finish is easy . a trip through the wash is all it takes to give your jacket new life—making it ready for rain or shine .
in addition , the waterproofing treatment causes the garment to treat water directionally , so that any water that hits it is deflected . it also means that any moisture that is created on the inside will be drawn away .
adding soaps and detergents that disrupt the intermolecular attractions between adjacent water molecules can reduce the surface tension of water . because they affect the surface properties of a liquid , soaps and detergents are called surface - active agents , or
this is then tested over 24 hours to see how many millimeters of water the fabric can withstand before leaking .
a close - weave synthetic fibre that is inherently windproof , and dwr - treated to improve water resistance . any water that does get through will not make the wearer cold since it is warmed up upon meeting the body heat of the wearer within the fibres of the inner . the water transmission system is driven by the wearer’s body heat .
this beading process aids breathable membranes such as gore - tex as it keeps water from clogging the pore based construction .
the same phenomenon holds molecules together at the surface of a bulk sample of water , almost as if they formed a skin . when filling a glass with water , the glass can be overfilled so that the level of the liquid actually extends
dwrs work by increasing the
contact angle
or
surface tension
created when water contacts a textile . basically , a high contact angle creates a microscopically
spiky
surface that suspends water droplets on the outer fringe of the fabric .
dwr is a chemical spray which is created using fluoropolymers or silicone . working like a teflon which is typically used on items that need a non stick surface such as frying pans , these polymers allow water to bead straight off as a water droplet .
tested in lab conditions to keep out a certain amount of water , waterproofing has set standards by which it can be meaured .
some dwr coatings can enable the jacket to be waterproof , some can only offer water repellency . always check before you buy .
if washing and drying the clothing does not work , there are some at home products that may be used to reinforce and refresh the fluoropolymers . one method is a spray on treatment . the directions are simple . spray the durable water repellent product directly on the clothing . make sure to spray the garment as evenly as possible . next , place the article of clothing on an ironic board . use an iron with a synthetic clothing setting to iron the treated garment . re - treating with a spray on solution is much like starching a shirt . even coverage , and careful , thorough ironing will lead to the greatest amount of success . before choosing this method , make sure the clothing to be treated can be ironed .
washer and dryer safe articles that have no dwr can also be treated with permanent water - guard . in order to maximize performance , there are two formulas of permanent water - guard . the 17oz trigger bottle item # 1356 is optimized for 100 % cotton or cotton blends . the 10 ½ oz aerosol item # 1357 is optimized for 100 % synthetics like nylon , polyester , acrylic , etc . these can be used to create your own highly breathable yet water repellent “soft shell” system . # 1356 can also be used as a wash - in and will exceed the performance of competing brands , but why not just do it right and enjoy our 25 wash guarantee .
if you don ' t have a dryer , use an iron on a low setting to heat - set the water repellency treatment .
by reproofing little and often and applying heat as instructed , your dwr treated garment should retain it’s water repelling properties season after season .
wash - in on the other hand is very inefficient . most of the chemical goes down the drain . worse yet , it eliminates wicking and other moisture management throughout the entire garment . after a few washes in their recommended detergent the wash - in repellency is gone . this is a great benefit to the retailers of water repellent clothing because it suggests to users that it is time to reproof or replace / recycle the item .
this is a membrane where the outer layer sheds most of the water . when water penetrates the outer it comes into contact with the “pump liner” or drop liner , which forces any moisture back out of the jacket . the “pump liner” effectively dries faster than it can get wet as the waterproof element is within the lining .
figure \ ( \ pageindex { 2 } \ ) : the effects of the high surface tension of liquid water . the full video can be found at urltoken .
the phenomenon of capillary action . capillary action of water compared to mercury , in each case with respect to a polar surface such as glass . differences in the relative strengths of cohesive and adhesive forces result in different meniscus shapes for mercury ( left ) and water ( right ) in glass tubes . ( credit : mark ott )
this is the point wear many wearers of a membrane such as gore - tex or e - vent feel that their waterproof is just not working , when in actual fact the pores cannot breathe . this causes the garment that was once water repelling to hold onto water , like a sponge . condensation may form from vapours being stuck in the garment , which then gives the illusion of leaking water . many people presume this is a leaking jacket , when in fact the breathability has been hindered .
if the garment cannot be ironed , or the spray on method seems too difficult there are several wash in products available . some popular products are even biodegradable and safe to use in a home washing machine . the process for re - treating with a wash in durable water repellent is much like washing normal laundry . pretreat the most worn areas of the garment with some of the wash in product . use a soft bristled brush or a sponge to work the solution into the fibers . next , place the clothing into the washing machine . limit the number of items washed in one load to increase the product’s effectiveness . add the wash in product according to the directions . wash the garment as recommended on the care label . follow up the wash in product treatment with a heat treatment . use either a clothes dryer or iron depending on the care instructions . sometimes , as second treatment is necessary to fully restore the garment’s hydrophobic qualities .
, which are the attractive forces between a liquid and the substance that composes the capillary . water has both strong adhesion to glass , which contains polar sioh groups , and strong intermolecular cohesion . when a glass capillary is put into water , the surface tension due to cohesive forces constricts the surface area of water within the tube , while adhesion between the water and the glass creates an upward force that maximizes the amount of glass surface in contact with the water . if the adhesive forces are stronger than the cohesive forces , as is the case for water , then the liquid in the capillary rises to the level where the downward force of gravity exactly balances this upward force . if , however , the cohesive forces are stronger than the adhesive forces , as is the case for mercury and glass , the liquid pulls itself down into the capillary below the surface of the bulk liquid to minimize contact with the glass ( figure \ ( \ pageindex { 4 } \ ) ) . the upper surface of a liquid in a tube is called the
in a nutshell , to stay dry ! dwr can diminish in performance due to a number of factors — like dirt , sweat , abrasion and constant use . usually the dwr treatment will encourage water to bead up and roll off the surface of your garments . but as the treatment begins to fade , the fabric will start to absorb water instead .
hydrophilic coatings rely on the behavior of water molecules so heat generated by the body inside the garment drives body moisture down the polymer chains in the coating to the external face .
the same phenomenon holds molecules together at the surface of a bulk sample of water , almost as if they formed a skin . when filling a glass with water , the glass can be overfilled so that the level of the liquid actually extends above the rim . similarly , a sewing needle or a paper clip can be placed on the surface of a glass of water where it “floats , ” even though steel is much denser than water . many insects take advantage of this property to walk on the surface of puddles or ponds without sinking . this is even better describe in the zero gravity conditions of space as figure \ ( \ pageindex { 2 } \ ) indicates ( and more so in the video link ) .
first step : cleaning . follow the cleaning instructions for the type of rainwear you own . washing away dirt and oils does much to restore a dwr ' s water - shedding abilities .
manufacturers generally measure dwr effectiveness by a spray test . water is sprayed onto a textile , and the amount that sticks is visually assessed . a score of 90 points indicated that roughly 90 % of the fabric has no water sticking to it . the higher the number , the better the performance . the test is then repeated after a number of washings to determine durability .
it contains a flouro - chemical and is water - based . it’s recommended by gore - tex products . the garment is washed and then treated with the products in the washing machine .
adjustable cuffs are common on jackets and waterproof clothing as they close off the sleeves , one of the main access points for water to enter . full storm flap protection on all openings .
fluids and nutrients are transported up the stems of plants or the trunks of trees by capillary action . plants contain tiny rigid tubes composed of cellulose , to which water has strong adhesion . because of the strong adhesive forces , nutrients can be transported from the roots to the tops of trees that are more than 50 m tall . cotton towels are also made of cellulose ; they absorb water because the tiny tubes act like capillaries and “wick” the water away from your skin . the moisture is absorbed by the entire fabric , not just the layer in contact with your body .
the alternative is permanent water - guard . when properly applied , it is guaranteed to still bead water after 25 washings in sport - wash residue free detergent . sport - wash will also restore good factory dwr at least 25 times . sport - wash completely restores all the features and benefits of your high performance clothes , eliminating the need to replace / recycle or even reproof your treasures .
this unique system of water transfer control , insulation and waterproofing is derived from observations of how an animal’s fur works . the inner layer is a very short - haired fleece which is reversed , so that as water enters the fleece and moves down towards the base of the fibres , it comes under increasing pressure ; eventually it cannot get any further and is pushed back up the fibres .
figure \ ( \ pageindex { 1 } \ ) presents a microscopic view of a liquid droplet . a typical molecule in the interior of the droplet is surrounded by other molecules that exert attractive forces from all directions . consequently , there is no net force on the molecule that would cause it to move in a particular direction . in contrast , a molecule on the surface experiences a net attraction toward the drop because there are no molecules on the outside to balance the forces exerted by adjacent molecules in the interior . because a sphere has the smallest possible surface area for a given volume , intermolecular attractive interactions between water molecules cause the droplet to adopt a spherical shape . this maximizes the number of attractive interactions and minimizes the number of water molecules at the surface . hence raindrops are almost spherical , and drops of water on a waxed ( nonpolar ) surface , which does not interact strongly with water , form round beads ( see the chapter opener photo ) . a dirty car is covered with a mixture of substances , some of which are polar . attractive interactions between the polar substances and water cause the water to spread out into a thin film instead of forming beads .
you should retreat your waterproof garments every 4 - 6 months , depending on usage . washing and applying heat ( either via a tumble dryer or iron ) revitalises the water repellency of the treatment .
the phenomenon of capillary action . capillary action seen as water climbs to different levels in glass tubes of different diameters . credit : dr . clay robinson , phd , west texas a & m university .
in the graphic above , the pegs created by the dwr coating are represented in red above the face fabric . as your can see the water droplets , represented in blue , bead up and roll off the coating .
a representation of surface tension in a liquid . molecules at the surface of water experience a net attraction to other molecules in the liquid , which holds the surface of the bulk sample together . in contrast , those in the interior experience uniform attractive forces .
the dwr treatment is the first line of defense against wet weather conditions and prevents the face fabric from becoming saturated . when you see water beading up and rolling off your gore - tex jacket or down puffy , that’s actually the dwr technology at work .
the psi relates to the amount of water pressure that a garment can withstand both from the pressure within the garment ( the wearer ) and the external conditions ( the weather ) . psi can also be converted into mm of pressure for a simple reading .
breathable membranes consist of an extremely thin film containing microscopic pores that are large enough for body moisture to pass through , but small enough to keep water droplets out . most microporous membranes are laminated to a face fabric and are available in two - and three - layer versions .
don’t replace / recycle your high performance favorites . restore them with sport - wash andpermanent water - guard . with the time , money , and resources you save you can enjoy the outdoors more . request a free sample of sport - wash and learn more at atsko . com .
dwr fabrics can be washed with nikwax polarproof which provides a dwr finish for soft garments such as fleeces , or with granger’s extreme wash - in which is a water based product containing flouro - chemicals . this is the go outdoors recommended product for applying to most dwr coated products .
dwr is applied at the manufacturing stage , laying directly onto the individual fibres of a thread , which is crucial in helping the garment to allow water to bead off , without hidering breathability . the factory applications are more thorough than a home coating , and seams are typically sealed as well to allow 100 % waterproofing .
, and the shape of the meniscus depends on the relative strengths of the cohesive and adhesive forces . in liquids such as water , the meniscus is concave ; in liquids such as mercury , however , which have very strong cohesive forces and weak adhesion to glass , the meniscus is convex ( figure \ ( \ pageindex { 4 } \ ) ) .
the problem with dwr’s is that they must be very clean to work well . anything that contaminates the surface can mask the effects of the flourines , giving the water a place to contact and attack . over a period of a few months , sulfides and other pollutants in the air can settle on the fabric and reduce repellency even if the garment is not worn .
dwr is a polymer applied to the face fabric that creates microscopic pegs , or hairs , that protrude from the fabric . ( you didn’t know that you were bristling like a hedgehog in your new ski jacket , did you ? ) these pegs encourage the water droplets to band together and roll off , instead of spreading out along the face of the fabric and soaking through .
if liquids tend to adopt the shapes of their containers , then , do small amounts of water on a freshly waxed car form raised droplets instead of a thin , continuous film ? the answer lies in a property called surface tension , which depends on intermolecular forces . surface tension is the energy required to increase the surface area of a liquid by a unit amount and varies greatly from liquid to liquid based on the nature of the intermolecular forces , e . g . , water with hydrogen bonds has a surface tension of 7 . 29 x 10 - 2 j / m 2 ( at 20°c ) , while mercury with metallic ( electrostatic ) bonds has as surface tension that is 15 - times higher : 4 . 86 x 10 - 1 j / m 2 ( at 20°c ) .
. in the 1960s , us navy researchers developed a method of fighting fires aboard aircraft carriers using “foams , ” which are aqueous solutions of fluorinated surfactants . the surfactants reduce the surface tension of water below that of fuel , so the fluorinated solution is able to spread across the burning surface and extinguish the fire . such foams are now used universally to fight large - scale fires of organic liquids .
true , a waterproof / breathable membrane ( e . g . , gore - tex ® , event ® , rei elements ® ) will stop water from penetrating a rain jacket ' s interior . but a dwr prevents precipitation from saturating the jacket ' s exterior . without a dwr , a rain jacket ' s exterior becomes waterlogged and heavy ; the damp fabric tends to sag and cling to your skin .
gore - tex is the most established brand of microporous membrane . it consists of a wafer - thin expanded ptfe - poly - tetra - fluoro - ethylene ( teflon ) , in which each pore is 20 , 000 times smaller than a water droplet , yet some 700 times larger than a body moisture molecule . the fabric thus has excellent levels of waterproofing and breathability . it is laminated to either one or two surfaces , the different processes then being described as two - and three - ply .
n . the values of the surface tension of some representative liquids are listed in table \ ( \ pageindex { 1 } \ ) . note the correlation between the surface tension of a liquid and the strength of the intermolecular forces : the stronger the intermolecular forces , the higher the surface tension . for example , water , with its strong intermolecular hydrogen bonding , has one of the highest surface tension values of any liquid , whereas low - boiling - point organic molecules , which have relatively weak intermolecular forces , have much lower surface tensions . mercury is an apparent anomaly , but its very high surface tension is due to the presence of strong metallic bonding .
however , the effectiveness of a dwr treatment becomes compromised over time by exposure to dirt , grease , sunscreen , smoke , bug spray , hair , etc . the little pegs lose their perkiness , and start getting clogged , flattening out , and losing their ability to ward off water . if you notice that rain or snow is saturating your jacket instead of rolling off it , the dwr treatment needs some maintenance . it’s a common misconception that technical outerwear , like gore - tex rain pants , for example , should be washed as little as possible ; that couldn’t be further from the truth . regular washing , if done correctly , actually reactivates the dwr treatment so it works the way it’s supposed to .
to clean a garment , place it in a front - loading washing machine ( the agitator in older top - loading machines could damage the garment , especially if it’s a down puffy ) and set it on a warm cycle with a low spin . it’s important to use the right detergent : ideally , a liquid detergent designed specifically to clean technical garments , such as nikwax tech wash . commercial liquid detergents will work in a pinch , too , but keep in mind that they may contain perfumes , conditioners , bleaches , softeners , or other waxes or oils that will adhere to the surface of the garment . these residues will attract water and thus limit the effectiveness of the dwr , so be sure to rinse the garment twice to get as much out as possible .
surface tension , capillary action , and viscosity are unique properties of liquids that depend on the nature of intermolecular interactions . surface tension is the energy required to increase the surface area of a liquid by a given amount . the stronger the intermolecular interactions , the greater the surface tension . surfactants are molecules , such as soaps and detergents , that reduce the surface tension of polar liquids like water . capillary action is the phenomenon in which liquids rise up into a narrow tube called a capillary . it results when cohesive forces , the intermolecular forces in the liquid , are weaker than adhesive forces , the attraction between a liquid and the surface of the capillary . the shape of the meniscus , the upper surface of a liquid in a tube , also reflects the balance between adhesive and cohesive forces . the viscosity of a liquid is its resistance to flow . liquids that have strong intermolecular forces tend to have high viscosities .
help and advice help and advice . . . can i use fabsil on my car’s soft - top roof ? are any granger’s products suitable for removing mould and mildew from tents and awnings ? how long will fabsil and fabsil gold take to dry ? are fabsil and fabsil gold suitable for re - proofing my car’s soft - top ? what can i use to clean my paint brushes after using fabsil of fabsil gold ? can i apply fabsil and fabsil gold using a spray gun , or another spray mechanism ? what is the best way to apply fabsil and fabsil gold ? how should i apply granger’s footwear repel ? what temperature should i use when washing my garment ? can i use granger’s performance wash and granger’s clothing repel in the same wash cycle ? i don’t have access to a tumble dryer - is there another way to dry my garment ? what effect will washing my garment with standard detergent have on its level of water - repellency ? my garment isn’t suitable for tumble drying . can i still wash it with granger’s clothing wash + repel ?
viscosity ( η ) is the resistance of a liquid to flow . some liquids , such as gasoline , ethanol , and water , flow very readily and hence have a low viscosity . others , such as motor oil , molasses , and maple syrup , flow very slowly and have a high viscosity . the two most common methods for evaluating the viscosity of a liquid are ( 1 ) to measure the time it takes for a quantity of liquid to flow through a narrow vertical tube and ( 2 ) to measure the time it takes steel balls to fall through a given volume of the liquid . the higher the viscosity , the slower the liquid flows through the tube and the steel balls fall . viscosity is expressed in units of the poise ( mpa•s ) ; the higher the number , the higher the viscosity . the viscosities of some representative liquids are listed in table 11 . 3 . 1 and show a correlation between viscosity and intermolecular forces . because a liquid can flow only if the molecules can move past one another with minimal resistance , strong intermolecular attractive forces make it more difficult for molecules to move with respect to one another . the addition of a second hydroxyl group to ethanol , for example , which produces ethylene glycol ( hoch 2 ch 2 oh ) , increases the viscosity 15 - fold . this effect is due to the increased number of hydrogen bonds that can form between hydroxyl groups in adjacent molecules , resulting in dramatically stronger intermolecular attractive forces .
we ' ve made some changes to urltoken . if the information you are looking for is not here , you may be able to find it on the epa web archive or the january 19 , 2017 web snapshot .
the documents refine the scope of the initial 10 risk evaluations under amended tsca .
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the proposed rule would provide a sustainable source of funding to defray costs of implementing new responsibilities under amended tsca .
on june 22 , 2018 epa issued guidance to increase transparency around confidential business information ( cbi ) . learn more about :
read the press release announcing several actions on the second anniversary of the lautenberg act .
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most home treatments suggest re - treating clothing every six to eight uses . garments can last a very long time with proper care and treatments .
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( textbook _ maps / general _ chemistry / map : _ chemistry _ ( zumdahl _ and _ decoste ) / 16 : _ liquids _ and _ solids / 16 . 02 : _ the _ liquid _ state ) , / content / body / pre , line 2 , column 9
although you have been introduced to some of the interactions that hold molecules together in a liquid , we have not yet discussed the consequences of those interactions for the bulk properties of liquids . we now turn our attention to three unique properties of liquids that intimately depend on the nature of intermolecular interactions :
, which is defined as the energy required to increase the surface area of a liquid by a specific amount . surface tension is therefore measured as energy per unit area , such as joules per square meter ( j / m
) , as shown in figure \ ( \ pageindex { 3 } \ ) .
polar substances are drawn up a glass capillary and generally have a concave meniscus .
there is also a correlation between viscosity and molecular shape . liquids consisting of long , flexible molecules tend to have higher viscosities than those composed of more spherical or shorter - chain molecules . the longer the molecules , the easier it is for them to become “tangled” with one another , making it more difficult for them to move past one another . london dispersion forces also increase with chain length . due to a combination of these two effects , long - chain hydrocarbons ( such as motor oils ) are highly viscous .
motor oils and other lubricants demonstrate the practical importance of controlling viscosity . the oil in an automobile engine must effectively lubricate under a wide range of conditions , from subzero starting temperatures to the 200°c that oil can reach in an engine in the heat of the mojave desert in august . viscosity decreases rapidly with increasing temperatures because the kinetic energy of the molecules increases , and higher kinetic energy enables the molecules to overcome the attractive forces that prevent the liquid from flowing . as a result , an oil that is thin enough to be a good lubricant in a cold engine will become too “thin” ( have too low a viscosity ) to be effective at high temperatures .
the viscosity of motor oils is described by an sae ( society of automotive engineers ) rating ranging from sae 5 to sae 50 for engine oils : the lower the number , the lower the viscosity ( figure \ ( \ pageindex { 5 } \ ) ) . so - called single - grade oils can cause major problems . if they are viscous enough to work at high operating temperatures ( sae 50 , for example ) , then at low temperatures , they can be so viscous that a car is difficult to start or an engine is not properly lubricated . consequently , most modern oils are multigrade , with designations such as sae 20w / 50 ( a grade used in high - performance sports cars ) , in which case the oil has the viscosity of an sae 20 oil at subzero temperatures ( hence the w for winter ) and the viscosity of an sae 50 oil at high temperatures . these properties are achieved by a careful blend of additives that modulate the intermolecular interactions in the oil , thereby controlling the temperature dependence of the viscosity . many of the commercially available oil additives “for improved engine performance” are highly viscous materials that increase the viscosity and effective sae rating of the oil , but overusing these additives can cause the same problems experienced with highly viscous single - grade oils .
based on the nature and strength of the intermolecular cohesive forces and the probable nature of the liquid–glass adhesive forces , predict what will happen when a glass capillary is put into a beaker of sae 20 motor oil . will the oil be pulled up into the tube by capillary action or pushed down below the surface of the liquid in the beaker ? what will be the shape of the meniscus ( convex or concave ) ? ( hint : the surface of glass is lined with si–oh groups . )
determine whether the forces interact with the surface of glass . from the strength of this interaction , predict the behavior of the oil and the shape of the meniscus .
a motor oil is a nonpolar liquid consisting largely of hydrocarbon chains . the cohesive forces responsible for its high boiling point are almost solely london dispersion forces between the hydrocarbon chains .
b such a liquid cannot form strong interactions with the polar si–oh groups of glass , so the surface of the oil inside the capillary will be lower than the level of the liquid in the beaker . the oil will have a convex meniscus similar to that of mercury .
predict what will happen when a glass capillary is put into a beaker of ethylene glycol . will the ethylene glycol be pulled up into the tube by capillary action or pushed down below the surface of the liquid in the beaker ? what will be the shape of the meniscus ( convex or concave ) ?
capillary action will pull the ethylene glycol up into the capillary . the meniscus will be concave .
the libretexts libraries are powered by mindtouch® and are based upon work supported by the national science foundation under grant numbers : 1246120 , 1525057 , and 1413739 . the california state university affordable learning solutions and merlot are the project ' s primary partners . unless otherwise noted , the contents of the libretexts library is licensed under a creative commons attribution - noncommercial - share alike 3 . 0 united states license . permissions beyond the scope of this license may be available at delmarlarsen @ urltoken .
want to stay d - r - y when it rains ? you need outerwear with a high - performing dwr .
dwrs diminish in performance due to a number of factors—dirt , body oils , abrasion and repeated launderings .
often they can be revived by a washing and a few minutes of tumbling in a clothes dryer set on low or medium heat .
with heavily used garments , dwrs eventually need to be reapplied by a spray - on or wash - in product .
test your rainwear by sprinkling or spraying some drops on its exterior . does it bead up and roll off ? your dwr is in good shape . if you give the fabric a single strong shake , does most of the moisture fly off ? ditto .
good news : dwr coating does not impair your jacket ' s breathability . rather than coating a textile ' s entire surface , dwr coats individual fibers , leaving the space between the fibers open for breathability .
next step : apply heat . after washing , exposure to heat does the most to bring a dwr back to life . generally speaking , you should place the garment in a dryer set for low or medium heat for up to 15 minutes .
gore - tex : w . l . gore recommends touching up gore - tex items with a steam iron ( at a warm setting ) . first - time users are advised to place a towel between the iron and garment during the touch - up .
event : the maker of event does not encourage the use of dryers , advocating hang drying . it commonly promotes touch - ups with a steam iron ( at a warm setting ) . as with gore - tex , it ' s safest to place a towel between the iron and the fabric .
note : if not badly soiled , a garment may only need a short spin in a clothes dryer at medium heat .
if the steps above—cleaning and heating—aren ' t enough to revive your dwr ( i . e . , rain still soaks into the exterior fabric of your jacket ) , it ' s time to reapply a new dwr coating .
this step eventually becomes necessary due to excessive abrasion from rocks , repeated contact with hipbelts and shoulder straps or simply years of multiple launderings .
the fix : a dwr can be reapplied ( perpetually , in fact ) via a spray - on or wash - in dwr revival product from companies such as granger ' s , nikwax , mcnett or penguin .
selective use : here ' s a tip often used by mountain guides to revive a jacket ' s high - abrasion areas : 1 . spray worn abraded areas with a dwr aftercare product . 2 . use the synthetic setting on an iron ( one with a trusted thermostat ) to apply low to medium heat . it ' s a process similar to starching the collar of a dress shirt . important : the garment must be able to accept ironing . check the garment ' s care instructions before trying this .
an optimized dwr keeps droplets in a rounder shape—like a dome - shaped bead . the rounder the droplet , the easier it rolls off the fabric . a low contact angle permits droplets to assume a flatter shape , one that can spread out like a splotch , cling to the fabric ' s surface and eventually seep into it .
test scores and the number of washings are combined to create a rating . for example , a 90 / 10 rating means the spray test achieved a total of 90 points after 10 washes .
80 points after 20 washes . marmot , for example , uses this as its minimum rating for outerwear .
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patagonia and ifixit are celebrating the stories we wear by collaborating to provide guides for patagonia ' s most popular apparel repairs .
be sure your dryer is on a tumble setting if your normal cycle does not tumble the clothes .
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we have a chance to guarantee our right to repair electronic equipment—like smartphones , computers , and even farm equipment . this is a once - in - a - generation chance to protect local repair jobs—the corner mom - and - pop repair shops that keep getting squeezed out by manufacturers .
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fortunately , if properly applied , the dwr can be washed , dried , and heated at least 25 times before the flouropolymer must be replaced . but only a residue - free detergent ( rfd ) like sport - wash or sensi - clean can leave the fabric completely residue - free . all other soaps and detergents leave residue of surfactants , fragrances , and uv brighteners which all reduce repellency . the residue also destroys all other features like wicking , breathability , insulation , and rapid drying .
most reproofing products can be spray applied or washed - in in the rinse cycle . spraying , brushing , wiping , etc . is a very efficient use of product . it is applied just where it is needed .
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backcountry gearheads are your partners in adventure . they ' re outdoors experts with the knowledge and experience to guide you to the right gear and apparel .
once the dirt and contaminants have been washed out , heat is required to reactivate the dwr . you can either dry it in the dryer or hang - dry it and then tumble it in a warm dryer for 20 minutes . if the garment’s cleaning instructions prohibit the use of a dryer , you can apply heat by passing a warm iron over the surface of the fabric ; just be sure to place a towel between the garment and the iron to avoid damage .
regular cleaning will help your garment perform better , but there will come a point when you might need to restore the dwr . wash - in and spray - on products are available that will quickly and effectively get your garment performing the way it was meant to . simply wash in or spray on , apply the heat treatment , and get outside .


vacu vin is the tradename of international innovation company , previously named vacu vin .

the company is manufacturer and distributor of several food and wine related products and has offices in eight countries .

its headquarters are located in delfgauw , netherlands .

vacu vin

shop from the vacu vin brand for a range of barware accessories , not forgetting the famous vacu vin wine saver .
vacu vin was founded in 1983 by mr bernd schneider . it all started with the vacu vin wine saver that was produced with help from his brother john , an engineer . now the vacuum wine saver is used in over 35 million households along with other vacu vin homeware items .
international innovation company has added more bar tools and wine accessories to the vacu vin brand . . .
vacu vin is a dutch family - owned brand with products that are designed , developed and assembled in the netherlands .
vacu vin has introduced its latest line of bar accessories , including an active cooler , two new flask . . .
vacu vin’s in - house social work facility is there to help people that are not capable to work in an ordinary work environment .
we use this product on wine bottles as well as with a separate vacu vin kit that we bought to hold coffee beans . works great and never loses pressure .
got leftover wine ? let the vacu vin wine saver come to the rescue . the vacuum pump and reusable rubber stopper work together to extract air straight from the bottle to lock in freshness . the patented click will let you know when sealing is complete . you ' re on your way to wine that stays fresher for longer with vacu vin .
this sleek and effective vacu vin wine saver pumps out air to preserve opened wine longer . it also comes with two stoppers to use after you are done using the pump .
the vacu vin wine saver works great , i love the reassuring smell of the air as you pump the vacuum . i haven ' t made vinegar since i bought this item .
in reality , that ' s a whole lot of doomsaying over a stocking stuffer , and for short - term wine keeping , vacu vin works better than detractors claim . in fact , in my two - day test , the vacu vin wine earned my highest score . i couldn ' t tell it apart from a fresh bottle . but things went south—way south—after a week . at the seven - day mark , the vacu vin wine had become extremely musty and was completely undrinkable , lending credence to some of the theories about its long - term effectiveness . for short - term storage , vacu vin is foolproof and works fine , but if you need to keep an open bottle for more than 48 hours , look elsewhere .
vacu - vin wine saver system . the only thing sadder than pouring spoiled wine down the drain is not opening it at all because you can ' t finish the bottle at one meal .
i bought the vacu - vin for my daughter and her husband . i have owned and enjoyed this product for 4 years . it lets you store the wine on it ' s side in the refrigerator .
used in over 35 million households worldwide , the vacuum wine saver is vacu vin ' s most popular product . they also make a variety of other wine products that are perfect for entertaining in practical style .
the one and only , original vacu - vin , used in more than 10 million homes worldwide , is the easiest , most affordable way to preserve opened wines . the vacu - vin pump removes the air ( and the oxygen that spoils wine ) from opened bottles . place it over the reusable stopper and pump out the air . the more stoppers you have , the more bottles you can save ! one - year warranty . includes one pump and two stoppers . gift boxed .
best thing to ever happen to wine and wine drinking . a
must have
for those of us who only want a glass or two , without having to finish the bottle . quite often , the wine is even better the next day having been corked overnight with vacu vin . the investment pays for itself after the first expensive bottle you save by using it .
i ' ve been using the vacu vin saver for over a year now and it is still
clicking
every time . i live alone so a bottle of wine lasts a while and with this product , it stays ok for longer . you can hear the pop when you take the stopper out , even after a few weeks . i ' ve bought it for friends and family . . . it ' s one of my favourite things !
the vacu vin vacuum wine saver is one of the most popular wine accessories ever . it removes the air from opened bottles of wine and prevents oxidation . place the re - usable stopper in the bottle and extract the air from the bottle . a
click
tells you when you have reached the optimum vacuum level . simply re - seal the bottle with the rubber stopper . open , reseal and enjoy your favorite bottles as often as you like .
the vacu vin wine saver vacuum pump extracts air from the wine bottle and re - seal the bottle with a rubber stopper . the wine saver gives the user feedback with a ‘’click’’ sound when the vacuum is achieved . the wine saver is suitable for all non - sparkling wines . the vacuum seal will prevent the oxidation process which causes the deterioration of the wine . the design is highly durable and will tolerate regular prolonged usage . the stoppers can easily be cleaned in the dishwasher . with this set you can save your precious wine for days !
urltoken review wine should breathe a little , but not overnight . putting an end to the oxidation process , which turns a favourite merlot into vinegar , is easy with the vacu vin wine saver . the stoppers are made from high - quality rubber , which will not affect the taste of the wine , the wine saver uses a vacuum - style pump to release air to keep a wine fresh . and it ' s easy to use - - just place a stopper in a bottle ' s neck , place the pump over the stopper , and pump air out until some resistance is felt . this process is suitable for preserving all but sparkling wines , and will save chiantis , syrahs and others for up to two weeks . - - madeleine miller , urltoken
in the day of the screw cap bottle you might think you don ' t need these anymore but you ' d be wrong . assuming you don ' t finish a bottle in one go then this wine saver will help to prevent your wine degrading in a way that just sticking the cap back on or wedging the cork back in won ' t . the major changes that occur in a bottle of wine once opened are mostly down to oxidising of the complex compounds at least in the short term , by removing the air from the bottle you help slow down this process . if you then stick it in the fridge you slow down any changes that are due to microbes . whilst the wine is never quite as good the day after with the vacu vin you will keep it much better than just sticking the cap back on .
in theory it ' s a perfect solution : if air is the enemy , then no air is the answer . getting the air out of the bottle should theoretically protect the wine indefinitely . the trouble is the part where you create a vacuum by hand . how much air can you realistically pull out of a wine bottle with a $ 10 piece of plastic ? some have actually measured the strength of the vacuum created and calculated that it ' s only about 70 percent complete , and that ' s on a fresh pull . that leaves plenty of air in the bottle , plus , over time , there ' s fear that a vacu vin seal leaks , letting in even more air every day . furthermore , some have speculated that the process of creating the vacuum sucks out the volatile esters from the headspace in the bottle , essentially removing flavor compounds along with oxidizing elements .
this vacu vin wine set includes everything a wine lover needs to open , pour , chill , and save wine . open the wine with the corkscrew twister . simply place the corkscrew on the wine bottle and twist the spiral until the cork is extracted . pour the wine with the wine server crystals , which allow a perfect , non - drip pour every time . cool the wine with the rapid ice cooler , which chills wine quickly and keeps it cold . simply place the rapid ice in the freezer until cold , then put it into the cooler and place wine bottle inside . lastly , save your wine with the wine saver vacuum pump and vacuum wine stoppers . the wine saver is a vacuum pump , which extracts the air from an opened bottle and re - seals it with a re - usable rubber stopper . place one of the re - usable vacuum wine stoppers in the bottle and extract the air from the bottle using the wine saver pump . a
click
sound tells you when you have reached the optimum vacuum level . the vacuum slows down the oxidation process which makes it possible to enjoy your wine again on a later date .
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in the world of wine , air is the enemy . or more specifically , oxygen is the enemy .
let me step back a second . air serves a very important purpose when you ' re drinking wine . most importantly , it
opens up
a wine and helps to bring out its character . when you slosh wine from a bottle into a glass , a lot of air gets mixed in . this causes those aromatic compounds to fill the glass and makes the experience of drinking a good wine all that much better . there are decanters and aerating gadgets to speed up this process , too , if swirling ' s not your thing .
but once air gets to the wine , the cat is out of the bag . while it will taste fantastic for a few hours , it will then slowly lose its fruitiness , its aroma , its body , and just about everything else . eventually the wine will oxidize due to exposure to o 2 in the air , which starts a chain reaction in the wine , forming hydrogen peroxide , then acetaldehyde , neither of which you want to be drinking a lot of . once a wine is uncorked ( or once the cork starts to fail ) , this process begins in earnest .
so what do you do if you want to drink a single glass of wine but not throw away the other four - fifths of the bottle ? you turn to a wine preservation system . there are three main tactics to arrest oxidation , and gadgetry is available for each . they are :
1 . suck the air—including the oxygen—out of the bottle , leaving a vacuum . 2 . replace the bad air with good air ; some inert gas that won ' t interact with wine . 3 . form a physical barrier between the wine and the air . ( you can also do this by pouring the remainder of a larger bottle of wine into a half - bottle and resealing it such that no air is left between the wine and the cork . )
which one works best ? i ' ve been writing about wine for more than a decade and have tried all three of the above strategies many times over . i have developed opinions about each method , but until now i ' d never done any formal , controlled testing between multiple devices . for this report , i used my informal test results as a guideline but am largely relying on this fresh , formal analysis .
i purchased seven bottles of the same wine ( a california cabernet sauvignon ) . five were opened and tasted to ensure they weren ' t tainted in some way , and the same amount of wine was poured or extracted from each bottle . the five bottles were each sealed for two days using one of five different preservation systems . after 48 hours , the wines were tasted blind ( i . e . , with no advance knowledge of which glass was which ) and were rated based on how close they tasted to a freshly opened bottle . the wines were then resealed for another five days . on day seven , the blind testing was repeated against another fresh bottle of wine . my wife , who is a wine industry professional and seasoned taster , also tasted all the wines with me . our marks were very similar across the board .
i ' m not the first person to attempt this test , so remember that every vendor can and will point to its own results that show that without a doubt that its product is the best at preserving wine . they might actually be right : different wines keep better under different conditions . a big chardonnay may keep for days under a vacuum seal in the refrigerator , but a delicate old burgundy could fade in hours unless it ' s treated with the dignity it deserves .
is the preservation system just about everyone starts on . it ' s cheap , brainlessly simple to use , and for overnight preservation , it usually works well . just pop a special rubber stopper into the bottle ' s mouth , then press the hand pump to the top . pull back a few times and air gets sucked out of the bottle , creating a ( somewhat weak ) vacuum . a clicking noise alerts you when the pump can ' t extract any more air .
the most affordable wine preservation system this side of sticking a cork in the bottle . easy to apply to multiple bottles at once . fast and idiot - proof .
completely ineffective after a couple of days . easy to accidentally bump seal and break vacuum . sealed bottles can ' t reliably be stored on their side .
. this can of inert gasses—nitrogen , carbon dioxide , and argon—feels empty when it ' s full . to use it , first you read the instructions . ( there ' s enough text emblazoned on the surface of the can to make dr . bronner jealous . ) then , following the steps outlined , just remove one of the wd - 40 style mini - straws , connect it to the nozzle , and insert it into a partially - consumed bottle of wine . a specific sequence of long and short compressions ( described on the canister ) sprays a blanket of this invisible gas atop the wine , then you quickly seal it shut , ostensibly sealing in what ' s inside .
did you do it right ? well , there ' s no way of knowing until the next time you pour a glass from the bottle .
that said , if you do use private preserve correctly , it really does seem to do the trick . blind tastes of wines preserved for two days and seven days with the product earned some of the highest marks in my comparison . i couldn ' t tell much of a difference between a fresh bottle of wine and one preserved with private preserve for a week . and after just two days , i actually thought the private preserve bottle tasted better than a freshly opened one . the bottom line is that air may be an invisible killer , but the stuff inside private preserve is clearly even stronger . at a price that equates to less than a dime per use , this is a low - risk way to keep your wines intact .
perhaps the best overall at preserving wine ; the company says it ' s had wines opened for over four years under private preserve no ill effects . cheap . usable on multiple bottles simultaneously ( and other non - wine products , too ) .
bottles must be stored upright . cork jammed back into the top of a bottle doesn ' t scream elegance . instructions vary on website versus bottle . practice before trusting your petrus to it .
not the most elegant of wine preservation systems , the air cork at first looks a bit like something you ' d find at spencer gifts . the idea behind it is simple : you insert a deflated latex balloon into the neck of the bottle . it ' s connected via a hose to a hand pump , which you squeeze to inflate the balloon until it forms a seal against the sides of the bottle . getting the height right so there ' s minimal air trapped between the balloon and the surface of the wine is tricky , but making tweaks is easy enough . a valve releases the air out of the balloon so you can remove the mechanism when you want another drink .
the overall appearance of the air cork , whether inflated or not , is a little disconcerting , but the impact it had on my test bottle was worse . in blind testing , the wine was decidedly unpleasant by day two , with a distinct chemical taste to it . things were only marginally worse at day seven , though at least the chemical notes had faded considerably , leaving behind a merely dull , lifeless wine with no fruit left in it — worse than a wine that had been sitting with just a cork in it at that point . my theory is that the wine ' s contact with the rubber in the balloon affected it even more than the air , although the company explicitly claims it will not .
that said , i had better luck with air cork on other test bottles ( not tasted blind ) , so i won ' t write it off completely . but there are better options available .
wired seals bottle without extra height ( making it more likely to fit on a refrigerator shelf ) .
tired relatively ineffective , even for short - term use ; even the company says a seal is good for just three days before re - pumping is required . looks juvenile . requires cleaning . unclear what long - term impact of rubber on the wine might be .
the kickstarter - launched savino ( save + vino ) is the only product in this roundup that requires you to take the wine out of the bottle for it to work . on one hand , that ' s good : the savino is elegant and sophisticated and lets you pretend your yellow tail is chateau lafite . on the other hand , that ' s just more stuff you have to clean before bedtime . the idea is similar to the air cork . pour the wine into the savino , then drop a hollow plastic disc on top . the disc floats to the top of the wine , and a silicone ring around the edges blocks virtually all of the wine ' s surface from being exposed to air .
that ' s the idea , anyway . results with the savino were mixed and , in fact , a little baffling . after two days , the wine in my blind taste was at its worst , a funky , musty wine that had begun to taste astringent and was developing some of the same chemical notes as the air corked wine . but on day seven , things had settled down . at this point , the wine was tasting fresh and fruity , with none of those off notes . in less formal tests , i ' ve also had inconsistent results . one wine will taste fine after four or five days , another will turn sour after 24 hours .
what to make of all of this ? maybe it ' s best to use savino as a simple decanter , and drop in the preservation disc topper if you don ' t happen to finish it off . . . then hope for the best .
wired handsome . easy to use : dump in wine , drop in the float .
tired inconsistent performance . lots of stuff to clean ( disassembles into five separate pieces ) . needs special care to avoid sunlight and jostling the carafe . one wine at a time only . seems pricey .
easily the most sophisticated preservation system on this list , the steampunky coravin 1000 is the only device i ' ve seen that can remove wine from a bottle without ever opening it . designed by a medical device inventor , the coravin works by inserting a long needle ( inspired by a spinal needle ) directly through the cork and capsule of an unopened bottle of wine . push a button and argon goes in , which allows wine to come out through the same needle . when you ' re done , remove the coravin and the cork reseals , leaving virtually no evidence that the wine ' s been consumed . in a sense , the wine ' s original preservation system—the cork—does the real work .
mechanism : needle inserts argon while extracting wine $ 350 ( est . ) , refills about $ 10 / capsule . launches later this year . urltoken
it ' s a fascinating concept that lets you sample a wine before committing to it , perfect for those who want to check if a wine is ready to be consumed . got a cellar full of old mouton ? now you can sample it every few months so you don ' t miss the optimal drinking window . of course , if you want to use it to drink one glass of wine a night for a week , you can do that too . ( high - end by - the - glass service at restaurants is a major target for the company . )
at the same time , the coravin has some issues . it ' s far from intuitive , it doesn ' t work with synthetic stoppers or screwcaps , and wine pours slowly and somewhat inelegantly , full of spurts and splatters . even storing the device is tricky , and the whole affair is crazy expensive ( not even mentioning the cost of argon refills ) .
once you get the hang of the device , it really performs well . along with private preserve , the coravin 1000 was the only product i tested to offer solid preservation results at both the two - day and seven - day mark , with almost no noticeable changes to the wines over that time . coravin has beta testers using this device on oversize magnum bottles in wine bars , where the wines are often slowly drained over the course of a few weeks ( and sold at $ 30 a glass ) .
the investment—both upfront and ongoing , as each argon canister is good for only about 15 glasses—will be prohibitive for most , but for drinkers with five - or six - figure cellars who are constantly kicking themselves that
i shoulda drank this a year ago ,
the coravin 1000 is a unique and soon - to - be essential piece of gear . formally launching late summer 2013 .
wired try your wine without ever opening it ? we ' re sold . top - notch preservation . usable on unlimited bottles simultaneously , which can then be re - stored however you like ( even returned to the cellar ) .
tired composite corks don ' t reseal . extremely expensive . tends to make a mess even after you get the hang of it .
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but we ' re happy that we ' re at least attempting to keep our wine . . .
seems to do the job really well . it ' s odd that you can turn the ' cork ' and even pull it out a little while it ' s in the bottle , but it pulls itself back in so you have to assume that there ' s no lack of a seal going on there . we ' e only had it a few weeks ( and we don ' t get through a lot of wine ) so it ' s hard to say if it ' s made much difference when compared to a regular stopper , but we ' re happy that we ' re at least attempting to keep our wine as fresh as we can .
works very well . i live alone so often like just one or two glasses with my dinner and hate to waste a bottle ! with this it keeps it fresh for much longer . you basically put the stopper in and then pump the vacuum part a few times until you hear a click . at that point it’s at its optimum level . you can then relieve the pressure by moving a small notch at the top of the stopper when you want to open it again . i’m not sure how sturdy it would be if you want to store your wine horizontally or take it somewhere , but it’s ideal for keep a bottle fresh if it’s stored vertically . definitely recommend for the price .
so , every once in a while , i want a nice glass of red , but my wife doesn ' t drink red . . . option a = drink a whole bottle . . . option b = dump what you don ' t drink . . . enter option c ! honestly , a half decent red will now last a couple of weeks , considering i normally would only have a glass or 2 max , this is perfect ! i also bought the extra stoppers , but considering i would not normally have more than a bottle open at any one time . . . that was probably a but unnecessary !
these are great . i ' ve had various ones over the years - this set seems to work as well as others i ' ve had . keeps your wine fresh for several days longer ( by my standards ) than not having it vacuum sealed . get it ! ! update : not that this really needs an update . . but fyi , 1 year later , this device is still doing its job . rubber stoppers are still sealing as they should ( we always hand wash , so couldn ' t comment about dishwasher durability ) .
i purchased this for sparkling wine but didnt realise there is a different one thats supposed to be for that purpose .
pump good , but design of stopper poor as it does not sit upright like old ones did . i did manage to rectify the fault so if the company interested they can get in touch .
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standard shipping rates apply for orders shipped to the contiguous 48 us states . for orders to alaska , hawaii , puerto rico , apo / fpo , or islands off the us ( i . e . martha ' s vineyard , kiawah island , etc . ) addresses please call 914 . 345 . 9463 for current rates . sorry , we cannot ship items to a p . o . box .
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hi sandy , this is not one of our standard items for personalization . please call in our sales line at 800 356 8466 to discuss the setup and minimums to do this item personalized .
as the only wine drinker in my house , i tend to go through bottles fairly slowly . this product works to preserve my wine so that i can finish a bottle before it goes bad . the instructions were a little odd because there were no words involved , but overall , once i got the hang of using it , it was actually pretty simple to use ( the important thing is to keep pumping until you hear 2 clicks ) . this seems to work well , and i ' m pleased with my purchase .
good product usefull on the rare ocassion that you can ' t finish that nice bottle of wine .
this is a good value . although not the most attractive thing i ' ve ever purchased it is easy to use and seems to work well . i purchased after seeing it recommended by america ' s test kitchen .
in order to send this request , i must make a recommendation of at least fifty characters ? why . i like it a lot . it works well and releases easily .
use this and put unused wine in the refrigerator to keep wine fresh for weeks . it works well . no , you don ' t have to have that last glass to polish off the bottle . save it for the next time . . . whenever that might be .
this wine saver is a good one . i have had a few in the past , but so far this one is the best . it is easy to use , efficient and i like the click at the end when you are done .
since i only drink one glass of wine a day , a bottle sometimes goes bad before i finish . this product really helps save my wine .
i use it to keep wine from going bad before i finish the bottle .
this is the only way to keep you wine to drink at a future date . without , you ' ll have a lot of cooking wine ! ! !
this wine saver works well . i can usually save an open bottle of wine for about 6 days and still drink it .
i don ' t always finish a bottle of wine after i open it . this product works great ! it keeps the flavor in and the harmful air out .
this product works as advertised - it seals the bottle very tightly . the pump is easy to use and i like the sound that the pump makes to indicate that there is no more air in the bottle . my only complaint is with the material used for the corks , because it is a bit porous and i feel like i need to baste it in hot water to clean it . also , this product is not very stylish , so it ' s not appropriate for a fancy dinner .
currently , the estimated time of arrival is unknown . we are waiting for our supplier to provide us with an expected ship date . we will update our ship date with an actual date as soon as we have accurate information from our supplier .
* although we do authorize your credit card for available funds upon purchase , the authorization falls off within a matter of days . rest assured your credit card is not actually charged until your order is shipped .
free standard shipping on single merchandise orders of $ 99 or more excluding taxes . excludes select large and / or heavy items to which additional shipping charges apply . excludes select personalized items , custom racking , cooling units and select items shipped directly from the manufacturer . charges may apply for special shipping circumstances . check the product ' s detail page or call 800 . 356 . 8466 for specific information . offer not valid on 1 - day or 2 - day delivery . applies only to single - address shipments to the contiguous 48 united states . not combinable with other offers and cannot be applied to previous purchases . promotion does not apply to wineexpress . com .
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* new customers only . one - time use per customer . order must be placed by 7 / 31 / 2018 . the $ 30 discount is given for a single order with a minimum of $ 100 excluding shipping and tax . items with pricing ending in . 97 are excluded and will not count toward the minimum required . discount does not apply to corporate orders , gift certificates , stewardship membership fees , select champagne brands , riedel glassware , fine and rare wine , and all bottles 3 . 0 liters or larger . no other promotion codes , coupon codes or corporate discounts may be applied to order .
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we owned an older model that got kind of clogged after quite some time . this new design is so much smoother , the piston glides more easily and it makes the task of extracting the air a snap . also , the new
click
once you have extracted all the air the pump can manage is very cool . you no longer have to guess that you pumped enough . the only negative point would be the price . a little high . but still a great purchase to make your wine leftovers last much longer .
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