nasal irrigation , or nasal lavage or nasal douche , is a personal hygiene practice in which the nasal cavity is washed to flush out mucus and debris from the nose and sinuses .

the practice is generally well-tolerated and reported to be beneficial with only minor side effects .

nasal irrigation in a wider sense can also refer to the use of saline nasal spray or nebulizers to moisten the mucous membranes .

according to its advocates , nasal irrigation promotes good sinus and nasal health .

patients with chronic sinusitis including symptoms of facial pain , headache , halitosis , cough , anterior rhinorrhea ( watery discharge ) and nasal congestion are reported often to find nasal irrigation to provide relief .

in published studies , " daily hypertonic saline nasal irrigation improves sinus-related quality of life , decreases symptoms , and decreases medication use in patients with frequent sinusitis " , and irrigation is recommended as an adjunctive treatment for chronic sinonasal symptoms .

nasal irrigation

nasal irrigation ( nasal rinsing ) is the passing of water or saline solution through the nasal passages .
qualitative study using in - depth long interviews of 28 participants in a prior qualitative nasal irrigation study . all participants were receiving daily nasal irrigation .
georgitis jw . local hyperthermia and nasal irrigation for perennial allergic rhinitis : effect on symptoms and nasal airflow .
compare the effect of nasal irrigation vs nasal spray on symptom frequency and severity in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis .
to assess the effectiveness of three methods of nasal irrigation on distributing saline to the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses .
electrolyzed acid water nasal irrigation after functional endoscopic sinus surgery . - pubmed - ncbi
nasal irrigation for chronic sinus symptoms in patients with allergic rhinitis , asthma , and nasal polyposis : a hypothesis generating study .
compare the use of medications , adverse effects , and compliance with nasal irrigation vs nasal spray in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis .
use of nasal irrigation vs nasal spray in patients with crs is associated with reduced symptom severity and frequency at 8 weeks .
any nasal irrigation device should be clean and dry before treated water is added to it .
georgitis jw . nasal hyperthermia and simple irrigation for perennial rhinitis . changes in inflammatory mediators .
in many cases of non - allergic rhinitis , rinsing your nasal passages with a salt water solution can be helpful . this is known as nasal irrigation or nasal douching .
nsouli doesn ' t advise stopping nasal irrigation altogether . he only suggests using it in moderation .
tomooka lt , murphy c , davidson tm . clinical study and literature review of nasal irrigation .
use the nasal irrigation somewhere that’s easy to clean , like over the sink in the bathroom .
the effect of different nasal irrigation solutions following septoplasty and concha radiofrequency : a prospective randomized study .
nasal irrigation for chronic sinus symptoms in patients with allergic rhinitis , asthma , and nasal polyposis : a hypothesis generating study . - pubmed - ncbi
use of nasal irrigation vs nasal spray is associated with poorer compliance , similar adverse effects , and no difference in medication use at 8 weeks .
nasal irrigation solutions are widely used following endonasal surgery . these irrigation solutions remove infective debris and crusts , reducing the probability of synechia formation , and accelerate mucosal healing .
our study showed that ewa irrigation did not confer a greater benefit than that of ns irrigation in post - fess care .
nasal irrigation has occurred for many years as it can form part of a religious or traditional cleansing practice .
nasal irrigation can be carried out several times a day and a fresh solution should be made each time .
to assess the degree to which subjects using nasal irrigation for chronic sinus symptoms also reported improvements in symptoms related to allergy , asthma , or nasal polyposis .
and if your immune system isn’t working properly , consult your health care provider before using any nasal irrigation systems .
heatley dg , mcconnell ke , kille tl , leverson ge . nasal irrigation for the alleviation of sinonasal symptoms .
nasal saline irrigation are integral to the treatment of chronic sinusitis and are a helpful adjuvant in treating allergic rhinitis .
nasal irrigation is generally considered to be safe , but a small percentage of regular users experience mild side effects such as minor nasal irritation . people whose immune system isn ' t fully functioning should ask their doctor before trying nasal irrigation because they are at greater risk for infections .
the effect of different nasal irrigation solutions following septoplasty and concha radiofrequency : a prospective randomized study . - pubmed - ncbi
at week 8 , 40 % of the irrigation group vs 61 % of the nasal spray group reported having frequent symptoms , and frequent symptoms were significantly less likely among the irrigation group .
there were 185 patients enrolled between may 2009 and march 2012 . among the patients who completed the study , 36 received ewa irrigation , 35 received ns irrigation , and 39 ( group 3 ) received no irrigation . patients with nasal irrigation had a better outcome based on questionnaire score and saccharine transit time . however , there was no difference in outcome between patients who received irrigation with eaw and ns .
the neti pot was developed as a kind of nasal irrigation in ayurvedic yoga in ancient india . neti in historical indian language means nasal cleansing . jala neti which is nasal irrigation for the yogi - the male yoga masters , was important for yoga as it was among the six cleansing practices .
the aim of the present study was to compare the effects of nasal irrigation solutions with different contents following septoplasty and concha radiofrequency .
nasal irrigation is used to treat a variety of sinus and nasal symptoms . while these flushing solutions are found most effective in nasal and sinus relief , they do have limitations . maintaining sterility , stability and dispersibility are all major concerns when using flushing solutions . the amount of each nasal irrigation dosage can be insoluble and unreliable causing an increase in discomfort and a decrease in effectiveness .
the authors concluded that nasal irrigation was more effective than spray for crs and that the intervention could be recommended by primary care clinicians .
rhinosinusitis is a common , expensive disorder with a significant impact on patients ' quality of life . chronic sinus symptoms are associated with allergic rhinitis , asthma , and nasal polyposis . saline nasal irrigation is an adjunctive therapy for rhinosinusitis and sinus symptoms . prior studies suggest that hypertonic saline nasal irrigation ( hsni ) may be effective for symptoms associated with allergy , asthma , and nasal polyposis .
within the past two decades , nasal irrigation has garnered even more attention , particularly in america . scientific studies on the subject have revealed that nasal irrigation can , when performed in moderation as recommended by a doctor , have positive results for people who suffer from sinus congestion .
after randomization , patients were instructed in the use of nasal lavage for the irrigation group and nasal spray for the spray group and were asked to do the assigned treatment twice daily for 8 weeks .
the particle size found in your nasal irrigation may also be too large , causing irritation and improper delivery . bacteria growth becomes an area of concern when utilizing self - administered nasal treatments . airborne particles are everywhere and when using a nasal irrigation device like the neti pot , exposure to these particles is inevitable . by combining your nasal irrigation treatment with a synergistic antimicrobial activity , this is no longer a concern . md custom rx has performed extensive research on improving the delivery of nasal irrigations and has uncovered the breakthrough product dispersapro® powder .
also , anyone who is prone to frequent nosebleeds or who doesn ' t have a good swallowing mechanism might want to avoid nasal irrigation .
this is an 8 - week randomized , open trial comparing the effects of nasal irrigation and nasal spray with use of normal saline solutions on the symptoms of crs for 2 to 8 weeks of treatment .
patients completed baseline and follow - up surveys at weeks 0 , 2 , 4 , and 8 after randomization to either nasal irrigation ( n = 64 ) or nasal spray ( n = 63 ) .
the neti pot is the oldest form of nasal irrigation and was developed as an ayurvedic yoga tradition in ancient india . the word “neti” means “nasal cleansing” and comes from the historical indian language , sanskrit .
twelve subjects ( 9 patients with chronic sinusitis after functional endoscopic sinus surgery and 3 healthy controls ) underwent nasal irrigation with normal saline containing technetium 99m sulfur colloid . the distribution of radioactivity was assessed on each subject after three different irrigation techniques : metered nasal spray , nebulization with rinoflow , and nasal douching while kneeling with the head on the floor .
find out when it ' s ok to use a neti pot or other forms of nasal irrigation , and when you may need more help .
thanks for this very informative post . nasal irrigation is quite helpful in treating allergic rhinitis and should be recommended to anyone suffering from this problem .
some ear , nose , and throat surgeons recommend nasal irrigation with a neti pot or other method for their patients who ' ve undergone sinus surgery , to clear away crusting in the nasal passages . many people with sinus symptoms from allergies and environmental irritants also have begun to regularly use the neti pot or other nasal irrigation devices , claiming that these devices alleviate congestion , and facial pain and pressure . research backs up these claims , finding that nasal irrigation can be an effective way to relieve sinus symptoms when used along with standard sinus treatments . for some people , nasal irrigation may bring relief of sinus symptoms without the use of medications .
wash the irrigation device after each use and then rinse it and let it dry .
another thing that hasn ' t changed ? the actual effectiveness of nasal irrigation . while our technology produces safer and cleaner saline solutions for the practice , nasal irrigation has remained as one of the more cost effective treatments for sinus relief . the more things change , the more they remain the same .
nasal congestion and discharge : you will have nasal congestion and discharge for the first few weeks after surgery . your nasal passage and breathing should return to normal 2 - 3 weeks after surgery .
if you have a nasal allergy such as to pollen , a saltwater ( saline ) nasal spray may be one to consider .
if you have diagnosed allergies or similar conditions , your provider may prescribe a nasal spray for nasal irrigation , which may contain antihistamines or other medications designed to help prevent overproduction of mucus and irritation of the sinus passages .
rabago d , zgierska a . saline nasal irrigation for upper respiratory conditions . am fam physician . 2009 ; 80 ( 10 ) : 1117 - 9 .
nasal douches are more effective in distributing irrigation solution to the maxillary sinus and frontal recess . this should be the method of choice for irrigating these areas .
included were adults aged 18 years or older who reported 1 or more of the following symptoms on 4 or more days per week for at least 15 days in 1 month : nasal stuffiness , nasal dryness or crusting , nasal congestion , and discolored or thick nasal discharge .
chronic sinus or allergy problems can leave you feeling as though your nose is perpetually stuffed . to breathe freely again , many sinus sufferers rely on nasal irrigation , a technique that flushes out clogged nasal passages using a saltwater solution .
nasal irrigation can be an effective way to relieve sinus symptoms , and a complement to traditional sinus treatments such as antibiotics and nasal steroids .
nasal irrigation is one attempt to help patients manage their symptoms , whether that ' s in addition to antibiotics or instead of antibiotics ,
pynnonen says .
it works best to relieve symptoms of dry mucus , thick mucus , and crusty mucus .
harvey noted other recent experiments also showed the
significant impact
in reducing inflammation when nasal irrigation with a simple saline solution was used by patients following sinus surgery .
nasal irrigation has recently garnered a lot of attention in the west , due in no small part to the television commercials which feature people using small , plastic , tea pot - shaped devices to pour water through one nostril , and letting it flow from the opposite nostril . for those of us who have never seen nasal irrigation products before , this can seem somewhat odd , or even comedic , but make no mistake ; nasal irrigation actually has a very long history that goes back for centuries .
if you have been considering using nasal irrigation , then it is important to know which methods are available to you and which one is the most appropriate for your needs .
if you ' re one of the millions of americans dealing with sinus problems , you know how miserable facial pain and clogged nasal passages can be . in their search for relief , many sinus sufferers have turned to nasal saline irrigation , a therapy that uses a salt and water solution to flush out the nasal passages .
little and his research team recruited participants and randomly assigned them to one of four strategies : usual care , daily nasal saline irrigation , daily steam inhalation , or combined treatment ( both the neti pot and steam ) . of the total participants , 210 patients received usual care , 219 nasal irrigation , 232 steam inhalation , and 210 combined treatment .
t ' s important to rinse the irrigation device after each use and leave open to air dry .
chronic rhinosinusitis ( crs ) affects 36 million americans each year , and allergic and nonallergic forms of rhinitis affect millions more . therapy is usually directed at the underlying cause and includes antibiotics , antihistamines , and anti - inflammatory drugs . nonallergic rhinitis frequently coexists with allergic rhinitis , and nasal irrigation has been recommended to cleanse the nasal passages , with 2 recent trials demonstrating the efficacy of nasal irrigations in nonsurgical patients . use of nasal saline may exert local effects of decreased viscosity of secretions ; removal of debris ; and decreased edema , allergens , and inflammatory mediators by a mechanical lavage action , but it is unclear whether nasal spray or nasal irrigation is more efficacious .
after use , wash and rinse any nasal irrigation device following the manufacturer’s directions . make sure you dry the interior with a paper towel or leave open to air dry between uses .
in studies , people suffering from daily sinus symptoms found relief from using the neti pot or other nasal irrigation system daily . three times a week was often enough once symptoms subsided .
[ … ] it is : an ancient form of nasal irrigation , the neti pot was first developed in the ayurvedic yoga tradition in ancient india . the word neti [ … ]
several different types of products can be used for nasal irrigation . the most basic are a bulb syringe , squeeze bottle , or neti pot . with these devices , the user manually pours or sprays a mixture of salt and water into the nostril . the fluid flows through the nasal cavity and into the other nostril . more high - tech nasal irrigation systems propel the solution into the nose , allowing the user to control the spray and pressure .
do not use tap water for nasal irrigation .
if you are irrigating , flushing , or rinsing your sinuses ( for example , by using a neti pot ) , use distilled , sterile , or previously boiled water to make up the irrigation solution . it’s also important to rinse the irrigation device after each use and leave open to air dry ,
the cdc ' s web site states .
“there are various ways to deliver saline to the nose . nasal spray bottles deliver a fine mist and might be useful for moisturizing dry nasal passages . but irrigation devices are better at flushing the nose and clearing out mucus , allergens and bacteria , ” mann says .
the medication diary included all prescription and nonprescription medications for nasal and sinus symptoms .
adverse effects were common and similar in both groups ( 25 % for the spray and 43 % for the irrigation group ) , and post treatment nasal drainage was the most common adverse effect .
electrolyzed acid water ( eaw ) has been recognized to have strong bactericidal activity , and the feasibility and safety of eaw irrigation in body cavities has been reported in the literature . this study was conducted to evaluate the effect of eaw nasal irrigation on the postoperative care of functional endoscopic sinus surgery ( fess ) .
whether its allergies , a common cold or dust and dirt exposure , nasal irrigation provides the relief you need by moisturizing the nasal cavity to remove build - up and promote proper cilia functionality . make certain your nasal irrigation is delivered at maximum levels with our custom compounding solution , the api capsule . the api ( s ) are combined with dispersapro® powder and encapsulated for storage until time of dispersing . the reduced particle size achieved with the use of dispersapro® can potentially enhance drug delivery to the nasal cavity promoting proper dosage , solubility and overall improving the delivery .
if you use a neti pot or a small squirt bottle for saline irrigation regularly , it can help to thin mucus , give you less postnasal drip , and cleanse your nasal passages of bacteria .
both groups were more likely to use oral than nasal medications at all time points .
assuming you’ve been diagnosed and are already treating the cause of the congestion , one of the best ways to treat the symptoms is by nasal irrigation . here’s what you need to know about this treatment .
asl ' s compounded liquid mupirocin will mix instantly with no shaking or mess and is compatible with other medications mixed in saline immediately prior to the nasal irrigation procedure . physicians may order specific medication combinations as clinically indicated . such combinations are very easy for sinus patients to mix in their irrigation device and administer their therapy .
nasal irrigation is a method of “washing” the nasal passages to flush out the mucus buildup and clear out the sinus passages . the technique can use water , salt water or medication , and it may be done several times a day depending on the severity of the problem and your provider’s instructions .
nasal irrigation makes comeback as cold remedy an age - old technique that may have developed from yoga traditions is turning out to be a simple and effective way to combat the cold . flushing the nasal passageway with warm salt - water can help prevent colds and bring relief to allergy - sufferers .
while the mechanics and the basic principles of nasal irrigation don’t change , there are several methods and options for achieving the desired result . here are a few options that might bring you relief from sinus congestion :
although several methods of nasal irrigation exist , one of the most popular is the neti pot - - a ceramic or plastic pot that looks like a cross between a small teapot and aladdin ' s magic lamp . although nasal irrigation using the neti pot has been around for centuries , its use is on the rise in the u . s . the neti pot originally comes from the ayurvedic / yoga medical tradition .
people with chronic nasal congestion due to infection or allergies can find relief from symptoms through the use of a sinus rinse . a sinus rinse , also called nasal irrigation , is a technique in which a salt solution is passed through the nasal passageways to clear mucus and congestion . the side effects of a sinus rinse are typically minimal but should be discussed with a medical professional if they occur .
it is important to avoid contaminating the treated water that is to enter the nasal passages .
for nasal irrigation , asl ' s pre - mixed unit dosed vials may be used with a neilmed® bottle or any other irrigation device . ( i . e . neti - pot , bulb syringe , etc . ) what also makes this approach particularly attractive is that dissolving ointment in water is not required for patients seeking remedies for chronic sinusitis .
a neti pot is a container designed to rinse debris or mucus from your nasal cavity . you might use a neti pot to treat symptoms of nasal allergies , sinus problems or colds .
nasal packing removal if your doctor used traditional nasal packing , it can be quite painful when he or she removes it . this is because tissue and fluid inside your nose can stick to traditional packing material as the nose heals . medtronic offers dissolvable nasal packing that is gradually resorbed by the body , so you don’t have to endure the painful removal of traditional nasal packing .
the idea behind nasal irrigation is that it helps the body get rid of irritating and infectious agents that make their way into the nose . the nasal passages come equipped with tiny , hair - like structures called cilia , which beat back and forth to catch dirt , bacteria , viruses , and other unwelcome substances .
nsouli advises using nasal irrigation for no more than one to three weeks . if your symptoms don ' t improve during that time , see your doctor , who can diagnose the underlying problem and get you the appropriate treatment .
it ' s very important to keep your nasal irrigation device clean because it can harbor bacteria that can cause an infection . either wash it by hand , or put it in the dishwasher if it ' s dishwasher - safe .
yoga enthusiasts embraced the jala neti and made it gain popularity by adopting a holistic yogis lifestyle . this lead to the development of a variety of nasal irrigation devices with different shapes and materials like copper , plastic and stainless steel .
anglen jo , apostoles s , christensen g , gainor b . the efficacy of various irrigation solutions in removing slime - producing staphylococcus .
using nasal irrigation to clear stuffed sinuses can be helpful from time to time for relieving symptoms , but a study presented at the american college of allergy , asthma , and immunology in 2009 shows that it may actually be counterproductive when used regularly over the long term . the study showed that patients who used nasal saline irrigation for a year and then stopped using it for a year had a 62 % lower incidence of sinusitis during the year in which they stopped .
november 26 , 2007 — large - volume , low positive - pressure nasal irrigation with saline was more effective than saline sprays for the treatment of chronic nasal and sinus symptoms in a community - based population , according to the results of a prospective , randomized controlled trial published in the november issue of the archives of otolaryngology–head neck surgery .
along with other nasal irrigation systems , these devices — commonly called neti pots — use a saline , or saltwater , solution to treat congested sinuses , colds and allergies . they’re also used to moisten nasal passages exposed to dry indoor air . but be careful . according to the u . s . food and drug administration ( fda ) , improper use of these neti pots and other nasal rinsing devices can increase your risk of infection .
since being introduced to the west nasal irrigation has been the subject of much medical research ( some of which can be found here ) , which continually support the use of regular nasal irrigation for both specific conditions and for general hygiene . several different salt rinses have been tested and two solutions in particular have been shown to be the most effective . hypertonic buffered saline solution is the primary choice for treating congestion and the removal of infections and allergens , while isotonic buffered saline solution is preferred for general daily hygiene . our sinuair nasal salts are able to be made into either solution .
the absolute reduction in symptom severity for the irrigation vs the spray group was 0 . 15 for a number needed to treat of 7 .
[ … ] factor . i thought i’d share the approaches below : the first one is to use a neti pot for nasal irrigation . it has a very long history of use : “the neti pot is the oldest form of [ … ]
nasal irrigation with a neti pot has since expanded beyond yoga enthusiasts to those needing relief from sinusitis symptoms . people use it to cure different bacterial infections in the sinuses . it could help in allergy problems , elimination of sinusitis , and elimination of the post - nasal drip . the process could also improve your vision and the sense of smell and taste
information included with the irrigation device might give more specific instructions about its use and care . these devices all work in basically the same way :
take at least one of these actions to lower your risk of becoming infected with naegleria during nasal rinsing .
little and his co - researchers have been doing
tremendous work
investigating nasal infections , merenstein said .
nasal irrigations performed with large volume and delivered with low positive pressure are more effective than saline sprays for treatment of chronic nasal and sinus symptoms in a community - based population ,
the study authors write .
the greater efficacy of irrigation over saline spray may be due to greater volume , increased delivery pressure , and mechanical debridement achieved with irrigations .
whether for a child or adult , talk to your health care provider to determine whether nasal rinsing will be safe or effective for your condition . if symptoms are not relieved or worsen after nasal rinsing , then return to your health care provider , especially if you have fever , nosebleeds or headaches while using the nasal rinse .
no matter how well you clean your nasal irrigation device , you don ' t want to keep it forever . just as you toss out your toothbrush every few months , throw out your neti pot or syringe and buy a new one , pynnonen says .
i don ' t have anything against nasal saline . but i have something against nasal saline being used long - term on a daily basis ,
he says .
people who are using nasal saline on a regular basis , it makes them feel like it is helping them , but they are only patching the problem .
various types of nasal spray are available to help relieve the symptoms of non - allergic rhinitis . these include :
our sinuair salts work perfectly with machine powered irrigators like the sinupulse nasal irrigator or waterpik machines for oral use .
rabago d , zgierska a , mundt m , barrett b , bobula j , maberry r . efficacy of daily hypertonic saline nasal irrigation among patients with sinusitis : a randomized controlled trial . j fam practice . 2002 ; 51 ( 12 ) : 1049 - 55 .
the most commonly used method of nasal irrigation is that of a neti pot . named after nasal irrigation ' s traditional name of jala neti , a neti pot is a small teapot - shaped container . you simply fill the neti pot up with a saline solution , and lean over a sink with the spout in one nostril . you twist you neck to control the pressure of the water flow , and swap over to the other nostril halfway through . once mastered can be very effective , but can cause neck pain and vertigo .
patients with chronic rhinosinusitis who received fess for treatment were recruited and randomly assigned to three groups at 1 month postoperatively . patients in group 1 received eaw for nasal irrigation daily for 2 months , those in group 2 received neutral normal saline ( ns ) daily for 2 months , and those in group 3 did not receive nasal irrigation after surgery . before and 3 months after fess , sinonasal symptoms were assessed by questionnaire and patients received endoscopic examination , acoustic rhinometry , smell test , saccharine transit test , and bacterial culture from middle meatus .
because chronic sinusitis is caused more by inflammation than infection , the treatments for chronic sinusitis are meant to control the inflammation . salt water nasal irrigation and / or nasal steroid sprays are the main treatments for the symptoms of chronic sinusitis . it may help to look for other factors that can go along with chronic sinusitis and possibly make the problem worse , and have them treated too . some of these factors are allergies , nasal polyps , asthma , and problems with the body’s ability to fight infections .
nasal irrigation is still a relatively new concept to western civilisation , but its origins can be traced back hundreds of years . it has been used for centuries in india as a discipline of yoga , and is seen as playing a key role is spiritual and physical health . known as jala neti , it is traditionally applied using neti pot . jala neti literally translates to
nasal cleansing
.
neighmond : hesprik doesn ' t get nearly the number of colds she used to . she credits the nasal irrigation . studies have found the technique does prevent colds and diminishes allergy symptoms , and more and more people like hesprik use the method every day during cold season , and the market ' s responding . there are more and more sophisticated nasal irrigation machines available . some use a gentle mist which is promoted as more comfortable than a direct spray of water . but not all have been subjected to thorough scientific study . patricia neighmond , npr news .
nasal irrigation can be done using either a home - made solution or a solution made with sachets of ingredients bought from a pharmacy . small syringes or pots ( which often look like small horns or teapots ) are also available to help flush the solution around the inside of your nose .
one of the most common types of irrigation for nasal congestion is a saline ( salt water ) spray . these are available either as prepackaged sprays in various strengths ( including some designed for babies and children ) or as reusable bottles that you fill with water and add salt to yourself .
nasal irrigation has seen a large rise in popularity over the last 20 years as the method has become more widely available and affordable . the sinupulse elite is the next big step for nasal irrigation ; making it quicker , easier and more effective than ever before . as well as using the same techniques and solutions that have been proven in their effectiveness over centuries , the sinupulse adds modern technology to take the practice to the next level . its pulsating mechanism and mist tips provide an application that traditional neti pots simply cannot match , while making the experience more pleasant and relaxing .
i would certainly try nasal irrigation ,
little said when asked what he would advise patients with recurrent nasal infections .
most people in our study found it helpful .
while the results did not show steam inhalation to be helpful , he believes it may be possible a more intensive regimen might have worked . ( the study recommended doing it only once a day for at least five minutes . )
your doctor may recommend that you use a nasal steroid spray 15 - 30 minutes after using the salt - water rinse .
some studies show that a saline solution restores moisture to dry nasal passages and sinuses , and curbs inflammation of mucous membranes .
many otolaryngologists recommend use of irrigations for a wide array of sinonasal conditions ,
write melissa a . pynnonen , md , from the university of michigan health system in ann arbor , and colleagues .
nasal saline sprays are often used as an alternative to saline irrigations because saline spray is often perceived to be equivalent to and better tolerated than irrigation . . . . the present study was designed to compare the efficacy of saline spray with saline irrigation with respect to disease - specific quality of life change in a general population of patients with chronic nasal and sinus complaints .
be sure to rinse the irrigation device after each use with similarly distilled , sterile , previously boiled and cooled , or filtered water and leave open to air - dry .
little teapots with long spouts have become a fixture in many homes to flush out clogged nasal passages and help people breathe easier .
health care professionals and patients can report problems about nasal rinsing devices to the fda’s medwatch safety information and adverse event reporting program .
the basic explanation of how the neti pot works is that it thins mucus and helps flush it out of the nasal passages .
[ … ] neti pot roots can be traced back to the ancient practice of ayurvedic medicine in india . the use of nasal irrigation became a key component of the cleansing regime used by yogis and has continued to play an important role in modern day ayurveda . it is believed that by cleaning [ … ]
hypertonic sea water is the recommended irrigation solution , as it is associated with less crusting , drying , and obstruction in the nose for the postoperative period following septoplasty and concha radiofrequency .
typically , to use the neti pot or other nasal irrigation device , mix 3 teaspoons of iodide - free , preservative - free salt with 1 teaspoon of baking soda and store in a small clean container . mix 1 teaspoon of this mixture in 8 ounces of distilled , sterile or previously boiled and cooled water .
jala - neti , or nasal irrigation , was part of a hygienic regimen . the practice involved a neti pot , which is remarkably similar to products which are still used for the very same purpose . salt water was chosen because it can help to remove excess mucus without irritating the lining of the sinus passages .
rinsing your nasal passages helps wash away any excess mucus or irritants inside your nose , which can reduce inflammation and relieve your symptoms .
while it was very popular in india , nasal irrigation wouldn ' t come to the west for a couple thousand years . in the meantime , it spread throughout much of asia as a popular form of morning hygiene , not dissimilar from the way that we treat washing our faces and brushing our teeth . it wasn ' t until the turn of the century that medical practitioners in the west began to see the benefits of nasal irrigation as a form of relief from sinus discomfort . the introduction of more industrial air pollution undoubtedly spurred interest as well , as more people living within the city had to deal with dirty air and irritated noses .
neti pots are often available in pharmacies , health food stores and online . other devices , such as squeeze bottles and pressurized canisters , also can be used to rinse or irrigate the nasal passages . talk to your doctor to see if nasal rinsing is right for you .
the odds of frequent symptoms for the irrigation vs the spray group were 0 . 49 , and the absolute risk reduction was 0 . 2 for a number needed to treat of 5 .
4 . after using the rinse , you may continue using your prescribed nasal medications as normal . you may notice that they work better .
jala neti has been proven over many centuries , offering nasal relief and wellbeing to millions , if not billions of users . now it has been combined with western technology to make it as easy to get the benefits from as brushing your teeth - and hopefully in the future it will become a part of the regular daily routine here as it is in india . try it for yourself , and feel the benefits of nasal irrigation that others have been enjoying for centuries .
finally , make sure the device fits the age of the person using it . some children are diagnosed with nasal allergies as early as age 2 and could use nasal rinsing devices at that time , if a pediatrician recommends it . but very young children might not tolerate the procedure .
steroid nasal sprays : if you were taking nasal steroid sprays prior to surgery you should avoid using these for at least 2 weeks after sinus surgery to allow the lining of the nose and sinuses to heal . your doctor will tell you when it is safe to restart this medicine .
nasal saline spray : nasal saline mist spray can be used every 2 - 3 hours after surgery and can make your nose more comfortable after surgery . these sprays ( ayr , ocean , simple saline ) are over - the - counter medications and can be purchased in any pharmacy .
neti pots look like little teapots with long spouts and are used to rinse the nasal passages with a saline ( salt - based ) solution . they have become popular as a treatment for congested sinuses , colds , and allergies , and for moistening nasal passages exposed to dry indoor air 6 , 7 . for more information on neti pots and other nasal rinsing devices , see fda’s consumer update : is rinsing your sinuses safe ?
to help prevent infection , always use distilled , sterile , or previously boiled water . also , it ' s important to properly care for your nasal irrigation device . either wash the device thoroughly by hand , or put it in the dishwasher if it ' s dishwasher - safe . follow by drying the device completely after each use .
what happens with sinus problems or allergies is the consistency of the mucus changes , so that it ' s harder to beat , or harder to move , or thicker ,
lausier says . nasal irrigation helps thin out the mucus and improve the coordination of the cilia to help them more effectively remove bacteria and other irritants from the sinus passages .
because sinusitis is treated differently based on cause . acute viral sinusitis does not benefit from antibiotics , but may be treated using pain relievers , steroid nasal sprays , or salt water irrigation in the nose . these treatments are good options for acute bacterial sinusitis too , but in addition some patients with acute bacterial sinusitis may get better faster with an antibiotic .
in a community setting , 127 adults with chronic nasal and sinus symptoms were randomized to receive saline irrigation performed with large volume and delivered with low positive pressure ( n = 64 ) or saline spray ( n = 63 ) for 8 weeks . the primary endpoints were change in severity of symptoms , which was reflected in a mean 20 - item sino - nasal outcome test ( snot - 20 ) score ; change in frequency of symptoms measured with a global question ; and change in medication use .
adam p , stiffman m , blake rl . , jr a clinical trial of hypertonic saline nasal spray in subjects with the common cold or rhinosinusitis .
the solution will go into your nasal cavity and run out the other nostril . adjust the position of your head to keep it from running down the back of your throat . gently blow your nose and spit out the drainage to clear the nasal passages and throat . repeat with your other nostril .
answer : salt water irrigation of the nasal and sinus passages are a relatively simple home remedy that work to relieve the congestion and mucous drainage associated with colds allergy flare - ups in sinus infections . one of the techniques commonly used for irrigation is a neti pot . this aladdin - shaped device is filled with salt water . and the water flows out the tip of the pot into one nostril . gravity takes around the back of the nostril and actually drains out the opposite side of the nose . then the same procedure is repeated on the opposite side . the neti pot is excellent in cleaning mucus which is relatively thin and clear in consistency . it ' s often used on a daily basis just for good nasal hygiene .
with recent advances in technology , including the nasal endoscope , sinus surgery is now commonly performed entirely through the nose , without face or mouth incisions . the nasal endoscope is a small , lighted metal telescope placed into the nostril . the endoscope allows the surgeon to see inside the nose and sinuses , usually with a special video camera attached to the endoscope . today , endoscopic sinus surgery is typically done with minimal nasal packing , mild pain , and short recovery times .
the idea behind this finding is that nasal mucus serves a beneficial function , helping to protect the body against infection .
the nasal mucus we have in the nose contains very important immune elements that are the first line of respiratory defense against infections ,
explains talal nsouli , md , who headed the study .
neilmed pharmaceuticals , the maker of sinus rinse , the saline irrigation used in the study , supported this study . three of the study authors have received funding . the remaining study authors have disclosed no relevant financial relationships .
in most cases , your doctor will have placed temporary nasal packing inside your nose to support the newly opened sinus passages and to absorb excess fluid while your tissues heal . dissolvable nasal packing from medtronic can help your sinuses heal faster after surgery 1 and is gradually absorbed by your body within a few weeks . ( traditional nasal packing has to be removed at a follow - up visit and can stick to the tissue inside your nose , which can make it painful to remove . )
compliance was higher in the spray vs the irrigation group ( 97 % , 93 % , and 93 % at weeks 2 , 4 , and 8 vs 92 % , 81 % , and 79 % , respectively ) .
jala neti has been used throughout india and south east asia and is performed as regularly as brushing teeth . in the western world however , its benefits have only been known for around a century , and its popularity is quickly expanding as the understanding of it grows . nasal irrigation has been used by ear , nose and throat ( ent ) surgeons for many years to clear out sinuses .
surgery can improve drainage and relieve many sinus symptoms . the technique may be limited to working inside the nose with a nasal endoscope , allowing your surgeon to clear blockages and obstructions with little damage to the surrounding tissue . alternatively , an incision may be necessary to get to areas that are not easily reached with the nasal endoscope .
sinus rinsing can remove dust , pollen and other debris , as well as help to loosen thick mucus . it can also help relieve nasal symptoms of sinus infections , allergies , colds and flu . plain water can irritate your nose . the saline allows the water to pass through delicate nasal membranes with little or no burning or irritation .
shoseyov d , bibi h , shai p , shoseyov n , shazberg g , hurvitz h . treatment with hypertonic saline versus normal saline nasal wash of pediatric chronic sinusitis .
for additional information on the best natural nasal health support , rely on md custom rx the trusted pharmacy of wisconsin health care providers who offer natural and effective health solutions .
nasal sprays were introduced to counteract the awkwardness of neti pots . the squeezable bottles are filled with the same saline solution as a neti pot , but the pressure from squeezing means you do not need to twist your neck to get gravity to take effect like with a neti pots . however the volume of solution applied makes them less effective than a neti pot and the spray makes it difficult to target specific directions . ideal for use on the move , but may not be sufficient for daily nasal irrigation or dealing with an infection . more expected to moisturise than to cleanse .
nasal irrigation , which is called jala neti by yogis—male yoga masters—was very important for yoga because it was one of the six cleansing practices , or “ kriyas . ” it was believed that clear breathing led to clear thinking ; therefore , by purifying the nose , a higher state of meditation could be achieved . in addition , yogis believed that cleaning the nose helped overcome addictions , mood swings , and complaints .
use salt water ( saline ) rinses beginning 1 to 2 days after surgery to wash away any crust and surgical debris . use the neil med® saline rinse in the bottle to squirt the solution into your nose a few times a day . afrin or neosynephrine nasal decongestant spray will open the nasal passage and may be used just before rinsing with salt water .
the take away here , merenstein said , is that sinus irrigation is
a very cheap , easy to use
intervention with rare side effects .
it should be used as standard of care in chronic sinusitis and researched in acute sinusitis .
baseline snot - 20 scores were similar in the 2 groups , and both groups improved at 8 weeks ( p < . 001 for each week ) , but the irrigation group showed consistently lower ( better ) scores at each follow - up point .
it can take several weeks for you to fully recover . you’ll have some swelling and tenderness inside your nose after the surgery , but this is normal . you may have symptoms like a severe cold or a sinus infection . this is due to swelling , dry blood , mucus , and crusting in your nose . to help your nose and sinuses return to normal , your doctor may recommend nasal irrigation or saline sprays and antibiotic lubricants .
these microorganisms may include certain amoebae which may be quite safe to drink , but when they are forced into the nasal passage they can live , grow and spread up into the brain .
the use of a “saline solution . ” in ancient times , this referred to a mixture of plain salt and water . in modern sinus irrigation , that solution is carefully measured , and made from distilled water , which is less likely to carry harmful microbes .
at three months , patients ' symptoms decreased more with nasal irrigation than without it . by six months , significantly more patients using the neti pot maintained a 10 - point improvement in symptoms ( 44 . 1 % v . 36 . 6 % ) and fewer used over - the - counter medications ( 59 . 4 % v . 68 . 0 % ) . the number of participants reporting problems , such as nose bleeds , was the same in both groups .
overall compliance was high in both groups , but participants in the spray group were more compliant than those in the irrigation group ( p = . 04 ) . adverse effects were common in both groups , but most were minor , and none led to discontinuation of treatment .
neilmed pharmaceuticals inc . is the maker of original and patented sinus rinse ™ kit and # 1 recommended and studied nasal irrigation system in the world with distribution mainly in the us and canada . sinus rinse provides natural relief from sinusitis symptoms , allergies , common cold or flu , and other chronic sinus and nasal problems and obviates the need for surgeries and prescription medications in more than 50 % cases . neilmed’s other products include sinuflo ready rinse , nasaflo neti pot , nasamist saline spray , nasogel moisturizer for dry noses , nasadrops saline , nasadock plus drying stand . neilmed’s products are also available in , australia , new zealand , singapore , united kingdom , ireland and europe .
before having endoscopic sinus surgery , patients should talk with their physicians to make sure that all reasonable medical treatments have been attempted . this list of medications that could potentially treat sinusitis is quite long . these medications include both prescription and over - the - counter treatments located at your local pharmacy . for acute sinusitis ( an infection that usually occurs after a cold and lasts less than four weeks ) , antibiotics are the main treatment . in addition , nasal saline rinses or sprays may be used along with antibiotics . while nasal decongestant sprays ( pseudoephedrine , oxymetazoline ) can be used to treat nasal stuffiness , they should not be used longer than three days . with long - term use of nasal decongestant sprays , the nose can become dependent on them , and the nasal stuffiness could worsen . in addition , people who have high blood pressure , glaucoma , urinary retention , heart disease , and heart beat irregularities should consult their doctor before using decongestants because these medications can cause additional problems in these cases .


golden west airlines ( iata : gw , icao : gwa , call sign : golden west ) was a commuter airline that operated flights on a high volume schedule in california .

it ceased operations in 1983 .

golden west airlines

golden west airlines - lake tahoe ad shot . 1982 | golden west airlines | pinterest | lake tahoe and lakes
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golden west airlines began operating the catalina route in 1968 , after catalina airlines ceased operations the same year . golden west airlines was already operating a busy commuter airline service flying to destinations throughout southern california when they aquired the catalina airlines grumman goose fleet . the owner of golden west airlines was bill perera and later the california westgate corporation .
i thought that pacific airlines merged with west coast airlines in the 60’s . pacific and west coast competed for a few years , mostly in the west .
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bob photographed grumman 21a goose n322 in 1973 , seen with catalina air lines titles along side its successor golden west airlines .
golden west airlines n1133 c / n # b - 59 at long beach airport . photo courtesy of peter de groot and urltoken
1940 : catalina air transport , long beach ca . 1953 : avalon air transport . 1963 : catalina airlines . 1969 : acquired by golden west airlines .
pioneer airlines which became part of cal . golden west airlines out of orange county ca . 50s and 60s nonskeds slick airways , transcontinental airlines , trans ocean airlines , currie air service , mccullogh air , muse ,
hughes air west was a combination of three airlines , all out around the west coast . i cannot remember their names .
there is now another golden west airlines page to visit . it is called
golden west airlines alumni
. it was created by joanne ( brown ) charles and john vaudrin . they have some great photos , comments , & stories . here is the location : urltoken .
the second incarnation of golden west airlines occurred following the amalgamation of three existing commuter operators in california into aero commuter in march 1969 . initially , the four legacy companies ( golden west , skymark , cable and aero commuter ) operated under the aero commuter name . on 15 - jul - 1969 aero commuter became the new golden west airlines , and the carrier operated until filing for bankruptcy protection on 22 - apr - 1983 .
you forgot to list america west airlines . they had a few painted up planes .
nice compilation but you missed a few… . the former west coast airlines , pacific airlines and bonanza airlines were acquired by howard hughes in the late 1960s ( as i recall ) and merged together as hughes air west . hughes air west was subsequently merged with north central and southern to form republic airlines .
golden west airlines , california ' s largest commuter airline , said it had ceased operations , making it the third california commuter airline to go out of business since august .
these addresses are known to be associated with golden west airlines , inc . however they may be inactive or mailing addresses only . please verify address for mailing or other purposes .
this is the chocolate lover ' s dream tour . stroll through the classy neighbourhoods of king west , queen west & dundas west and sample chocolates & chocolaty sweets from 6 unique stores .
1980 : richmond bc . formed from mergers of canadian air transit , gulf air aviation , haida airlines , island airlines , omnineca air services , pacific coastal airlines , trans provincial airlines , and west coast air .
the golden circle is one of iceland’s most visited attraction and is an instant classic .
by the early 1980s , golden west was the largest commuter airline in california , with a heavy schedule from lax to sba and san diego . its fleet had grown to include larger aircraft , the shorts 330 and de havilland canada dash 7 . a huge debt service , among other factors , drove golden west airlines out of business in april 1983 .
1968 : air west formed from merger of bonanza air lines , pacific airlines , and west coast airlines . 3 / x / 70 : summa corp dba ( howard ) hughes airwest , san francisco ca . 10 / 13 / 80 : became republic airlines .
because of california ' s growth and tourist appeal , golden west was able to become partners with several domestic and international airlines ; by 1975 , these included aer lingus , aerolíneas argentinas , aeroméxico , american , delta , eastern , japan airlines , trans world airlines and many others .
continental golden jet 707 - 124 n70773 caught my lens passing between satellites 4 and 5 .
1971 : air harbor airlines , oak harbor wa . 1974 : became harbor airlines .
8 . us airways is purchased by phoenix - based america west airlines . the company is merged into america west , however , america west chooses to change the name of the merged entity to us airways , a less regional sounding name than america west . the current us airways is in fact america west and shares no corporate history with us airways other than being the entitity that purchased us airways and took its name .
empire airlines operated out of boise , idaho in 1946 then merged with west coast airlines in seattle in the early 1950’s which was owned and operated by alaska fisherman named nick bez . west coast started with 13 dc - 3’s and later added f - 27 aircraft in 1958 . in 1962 , west coast added 4 piper 31 and in 1965 west coast added 4 douglas dc - 9 = 10 aircraft . west coast , pacific , and bonaza air ; ines merged to make air west in 1968 which was purchased by hushes in 1971 . hushes air west was sold to republic air lines in 1980 which was made up of north central , southern , and hushes air west . republic was then sold to northwest airlines . history moves on .
19 ? ? : no data . 1944 : merged with zimmerly air transport . 1946 : empire airlines , lewiston id . 1952 : merged with west coast airlines .
gold made the fortune of the west coast and you can be sure that you won’t have to travel far in order to find a golden relic of the coast’s glory days .
) . 1940 : merged with national airways inc / national airlines to form northeast airlines .
later i flew for mississippi valley airlines , they merged into air wisconsin airlines in 1985 .
golden west airlines , inc . filed as a articles of incorporation in the state of california on thursday , september 11 , 2003 and is approximately fifteen years old , according to public records filed with california secretary of state .
19 ? ? : los angeles ca . this golden west had a small fleet of dhc - 6 twin otters painted overall white with a broad blue stripe along the fuselage below the windows . at lax they operated out of terminal 4 ' s ticketing building . also used hansa jets on scheduled service to cities including santa barbara and palm springs . unlike twin otters , the hansa came equipped with a mini stewardess . when this golden west went under , many twin otters and some employees were absorbed by the
new
golden west .
i began my 20 year airline career with lake central airlines in 1962 in indianapolis . lake central airlines merged into allegheny airlines in 1968 .
golden west airlines lives again in this 1 / 72 scale model . golden west airlines a california commuter airlines shuttled passenges from lax to smaller markets in the 60 ' s and 70 ' s . this dhc - 6 twin otter is a replica of the livery from the early to mid 70 ' s flying to oxnard , santa barbara , monterey palm springs and catalina island ca . fares ranged from $ 8 to 23 . 00 dollars one way . sadly the airlines went bankrupt in 1984 and the assest sold off . a great commuter airline !
but the coast’s golden history has been kept alive in many places and wherever your west coast accommodation is located , you can be sure that you won’t have to travel far in order to find a golden relic of the coast’s glory days . here are four suggestions to get you started .
service is operated by compass airlines , llc , envoy air inc . , expressjet airlines , inc . , mesa airlines , inc . , republic airline inc . , skywest airlines , inc . , or trans states airlines , llc .
since golden west has been gone for over 30 years now , i wonder if these qualify as artifacts yet , or are they still just souvenirs ? good memories whatever you call them .
details are still developing . a member of the army golden knights and the navy leap frogs . . .
1936 : pennsylvania central airlines ( pca ) , pittsburgh pa . apr 1948 : renamed capital airlines . june 1961 : acquired by united airlines .
the website has also announced its top ten safest airlines and top ten safest low cost airlines .
i did not see “golden west airlines” ‘a regional commuter using dehavilland twin otters , mostly around the la basin . i flew about 6oo hours with them as first officer in the late ’60’s , leaving to fly with psa in san diego .
davies and quastler say golden west was a result of a 1969 merger and ceased ops in 4 / 83 . i have some 1981 - 83 timetables if you want to know more about routes .
start the day with the golden circle and afterwards , relax in the secret lagoon , a geothermal swimming pool .
c . 1987 : american eagle airlines , . 1988 : became nashville eagle airlines , nashville tn .
1929 : montreal canada . 1942 : reformed as colonial airlines . 1956 : absorbed by eastern airlines .
1934 : atlanta ga , on acquisition of pacific seaboard airlines . 1953 : acquired by delta airlines .
absolutely wonderful . a real trip down memory lane . legendary airliners and airlines in the golden era of aviation . thanks , jon , for sharing your wonderful memories .
in 1968 , pacific air lines ( where i worked ) and west coast airline and bonanza airlines m erg to form air west air lines . in a year or , howard hughes bough this airline . then changed the name hughes airwest . later , merged with rebublic airlines . then northwest . then delta airlines . thank you .
with an ex - united viscount visible under its port wing , aero commuter ( by then a division of golden west ) dhc6 - 200 twin otter n7667 is about to clear the gate in may .
last year , henry voss , then president of golden west , said the company had reached an agreement with the canadian government for financial help to keep the company afloat and allow it to meet its payroll . he said then that golden west needed $ 2 . 5 million to remain operating in 1982 . fifteen of the company ' s 20 planes were made by the candian - based de havilland company .
girl of the golden west was premiered at the metropolitan opera in new york on december 10 , 1910 , under the baton of arturo toscanini . the new york audience received the piece with great enthusiasm .
u . s . army golden knights sfc corey hood has died from his injuries suffered during the opening . . .
western airlines alaska service ( formerly pacific northern airlines ) ( from the collection of david h . stringer )
i did manage to get a few rides on continental 720bs . n57202 looks smart in the second version of the airline’s golden jet markings as it sits adjacent to the company hangar on world way west in july .
visit some of iceland ' s most stunning sights , including a visit to the geysir called geysir and the golden waterfall .
1978 : red carpet airlines , clearwater fl . 1981 : became aerosun intl airlines . 1982 : ended ops .
1975 : resort commuter airlines , raliegh nc . 19 ? ? : name changed to mid - south airlines .
1945 : denver co . 1949 : acquired challenger airlines . 6 / 1 / 50 : acquired arizona airlines .
4 / 13 / 20 : key west fl . 1921 : acquired by aeromarine airways inc .
= operated as america west express in the southwest , us airways express throughout the east coast and midwest , independently as mesa airlines in nm and co .
golden west was mentioned by others . you might also mention justin collin’s failed attempt at golden gate airlines out of monterey ( i think the identifier is mry ) . started with metro iis as gem state airlines in idaho , bought the dhc - 7 air pacific operation in oakland and moved to mry to start his california adventure . i believe it went from 1979 to 1981 , and during that time he managed to buy and then take swift aire down with him .
the u . s . army golden knights posted a recent photo on their facebook page captioned
tbt - the . . .
golden west ceased operations in 1983 . they were based in san luis obispo , ca . they flew twin otters , shorts 330s & 360s and dash 7s . this is all the info i have at the moment . regards .
also , lake central airlines is missing from your list of airlines gone by . they also were merged into allegheny .
aero commuter was founded in december 1967 and based at the long beach airport . in march 1969 the company embarked on a string of acquisitions - acquiring no less than three other california operators in the span of one month . assets of the original golden west ( including the name ) were purchased on 11 - mar - 1969 , cable commuter airlines on 18 - mar - 1969 , and skymark airlines on 28 - mar - 1969 . initially operating from their base in long beach as aero commuter , the company changed their name to golden west airlines on 15 - jul - 1969 , and transferred operations up to the los angeles international airport .
the following is a historical look at the aircraft of one of the largest scheduled twin otter operators in north america . the name golden west was synonymous with both southern california and the twin otter , and they continued operations until 1983 .
last august , swift aire of san luis obispo and golden gate of monterey , two smaller commuter lines with common ownership , closed .
regional airlines are essential to serving smaller destinations for larger , mainline airlines . despite employing less - experienced pilots , there are a few larger regional airlines that have notable safety records :
1951 : aeromech , clarksburg wv ( air taxi ) . 1971 : aeromech airlines . 1983 : merged with wright airlines .
c . 1963 : johnson flying service dba johnson airlines . 1975 : became evergreen intl airlines , mcminnville or . cargo .
i still have an allegheny airlines sweatshirt ! i remember back in the ’70’s everyone kiddingly referred to it as agony airlines .
could someone please provide a history of golden west airlines , a commuter airline which operated in southern california in the 1970s and early 1980s ? at what point did they go bust ? are there any remnants left today ? please share any experiences of the airline . click for large version photo © richard silagi
a few airlines i flew as a flight radio operator in 1948 - 1950 were…seaboard @ western , trans caribbean airlines , trans ocean airlines , associated air transport ( charley blair owned ) . american overseas national airlines i believe was taken over by paa prior to 1948 as charley blair was captain for both airlines .
1968 : nationwide airlines southeast , st simons island ga . 1972 : air south , atlanta ga . 1975 : merged with florida airlines as florida airlines - air south ( atlanta ) .
1950 : formed on acquisition of monarch airlines  included arizona airways and challenger airlines , denver co . 1967 : acquired central airlines . 1986 : operations ended with acquisition by peoples express .
this multi - day tour allows your to experience the best of delhi , agra and jaipur , india ' s
golden triangle
.
golden temple : an actual temple plated with gold is one of sikhism ' s holiest shrines . looks very serene early in the mornings .
air west was formed by the only three way merger in the history of american aviation . it was formed by pacific airlines out of sfo , west coast out of seattle and bonanza out of phx . it was a mess initially but they did prevail . hughes bought them in late 1970 or 1971 . they then became hughes air west . the planes were all painted yellow and flight attendants wore yellow uniforms . republic airlines was the result of a merger ( takeover ) of southern airways by north central . they later acquired hughes air west to further add to republic airlines . wasyjrm was then bought by north was
1951 : american air taxi , key west fl . 1972 : became air sunshine , ft lauderdale fl .
nice work . you show west coast and bonanza going into hughes airwest but have no entries for them .
) . 1968 : acquired lake central airlines . 1972 : acquired mohawk airlines . 1979 : became usair ( visually changed to usair in 1989 ) , and in 1987 the commuter fleet included air kentucky , chautauqua airlines , crown airways , pennsylvania airlines , pocono airlines , southern jersey airways , and suburban airlines . 19 ? ? : middletown pa . 1988 : acquired pacific southwest airlines . 1989 : acquired piedmont airlines . 1995 : renamed us airways . 1998 : acquired usair shuttle ( trump shuttle ) .
1930 : hanford airlines ( pres : a s hanford jr ) , sioux city ia & omaha nb . 1932 : hanford tri - state airlines , kansas city mo , on acquisition of rapid airlines . 1938 : acquired by mid - continent airlines .
the original golden west airlines had its headquarters in van nuys , ca and operated a small fleet of twin otters . the airline was sold to r . j . harmon in march 1969 and operations were shut down . the aircraft ( and certain other assets ) were acquired by long beach - based aero commuter .
i was a pilot for southern airways , republic airlines , northwest airlines and delta . i notice that hughes air west ( several remarked on that omission , i see ) and northwest did not make the list ! why not ? defunct !
explore a few of iceland‘s most famous landmarks on golden circle direct as well as go on a search for the northern lights in one day .
see the golden circle in daytime and langjökull glacier in evening where the northern lights and stars seem so close , you can almost touch them .
formerly in bonanza’s fleet , air west f - 27a n758l begins its takeoff roll on runway 24 - left .
192 ? : mid - west airways corp , des moines ia . 1931 : reorganized as des moines airways .
9 / 1 / 83 : tempe az ( fdr : ed beauvais ) . 1994 : partnered with continental airlines and mesa airlines . 9 / 26 / 05 : merged with us airways and the name american west was gradually phased out \ .
swift aire was the airline based in san luis obispo . golden west was based elsewhere in southern california , i just can ' t remember where the hq was right now . i also believe it was 1985 that golden west closed its doors . there are no remnants today . as far as the circumstances , i ' ll have to do some digging but my memory seems to be that they were simply a casualty of the post deregulation wars in california , along with swift , apollo , golden gate and others . i . e . quastler of san diego state university has chronicled the commuter airlines in that era in several books , most out of print . you might find information in a used copy of one of his books .
19 ? ? : omni airlines , flagstaff az . 1981 : arizona pacific airlines , las vegas nv . 1981 : ended ops .
i began flying for central airlines in 1964 . i see “cause and result of demise : bankruptcy . sold to frontier airlines . ”
a list of the most dangerous airlines in the world has been released and while airasia indonesia is included , malaysia airlines is not .
this is most fascinating to me because i worked for charter airlines first the went to work for hughes airwest / republic airlines / northwest airlines . i would love to see something like this for the charter ailines . i went to work originally for universal airlines , then saturn airways , and lastly , tia ( trans america airlines ) .
11 / 19 / 03 : renamed from atlantic coast airlines . 1 / 5 / 06 : ended ops ; operating certificate bought by northwest airlines on 3 / 10 / 06 to form compass airlines .
on the west coast of ireland , the cliffs of moher are one of the most outstanding coastal features of ireland .
west travel club is your destination for access to premium content , great travel offers , competitions , events and more .
golden west ' s chief routes were between los angeles and san diego and los angeles and santa barbara . the airline said in a brief statement , ' ' we are ceasing operations as of midnight tonight and will try to protect passengers as much as possible . ' '
1966 : nasa commuter airlines , houston tx . 1984 : name changed to metro airlines on signing with eastern air lines ( qv ) .
psa 727 - 214 n530ps is pushed back for departure . by this time , the still california - intrastate carrier dominated the market within the golden state .
i noticed several of the larger non scheds were not mentioned : transocean world airways trans international airlines ( tia ) aka trans america airlines saturn ( merged into tia ) overseas national airlines universal airlines american flyers airlines standard airlines modern airlines capital international airlines these are most of the non scheds but there are probably some more as well . some scheduled carriers not listed are : mid pacific ( hawaii ) south pacific international airlines ( hawaii ) american overseas airways flying tigers seaboard world airways site overall is well done though . i also taught for embry riddle aeronautical university as an adjunct associate professor for about 20 years in hawaii and washington state .
( updated august 18 , 2010 ) operated : 1968 – 1980 cause and result of demise : purchased by republic airlines in 1980 . interesting fact : hughes airwest’s predecessor was air west , which itself was a merger of pacific air lines , bonanza air lines and west coast airlines . twa’s former owner and aviator howard hughes bought and rebranded the fleet in 1970 . the unique yellow paint earned them the nickname of “flying bananas” , which they then turned into a company catchphrase : “top banana in the west” .
crew and staff of klm’s west - indian operation posing with the lockheed - 14 “parakeet” and fokker f - xviii “snipe” .
pre - world war 2 imetables in network ( route map ) format often show flights of other airlines , although these airlines are mostly unnamed .
taken from the same location at ground level , silver dart f - 27a n757l heads for gate 37 , where bonanza air lines parked until a move to satellite 6 , coinciding with the 1968 merger with west coast and pacific to form air west .
a day tour that takes you around the golden circle to see three of iceland’s highlights , before heading to fontana’s natural steam baths , heated by icelandic hot springs .
design your own journey around san francisco by hopping on and off at popular landmarks . stops include fisherman ' s wharf , the golden gate bridge & chirardelli square .
the original golden west airlines , headquartered at van nuys , california , was founded in 1968 and operated out of terminal 4 at los angeles international airport with a fleet of de havilland canada dhc - 6 twin otter and hfb - 320 hansa jet aircraft , serving pomona , riverside , santa ana , and ventura . this airline ceased operations on march 11 , 1989 .
the site reveals that out of the 449 airlines studied , all five airlines received one star or less in the website’s seven - star safety ranking .
1946 : trans - pacific airlines , honolulu hi . 1946 : tpa aloha airline . 1958 : aloha airlines . c . 1984 : aloha pacific airlines . 4 / 1 / 06 : ended operations . connected marshall islands , west coast of california , and las vegas , replacing fleet of boeing 737 - 200 with new - generation 737 - 700s .
i would like to add a few more : lake central airlines , which was merged into allegheny airlines in 1968 . colonial airlines which was merged into eastern airlines in 1956 . seaboard world airlines , an all cargo airline which started out as seaboard & western , which was merged into the all cargo airline flying tigers , which also no longer exists to - day . i am a retired engineer ; and i worked at all 3 of these airlines .
i can remember northeastern international airways which had flights from long island islip to hartford philly boston miami ft lauderdale west palm among others and american international airlines which flew out of atlantic city international airport to numerous florida destinations . capitol airlines flew from philly miami boston santo domingo san juan and geneva among others air sunshine i believed was the commuter carrier for national airlines
thanks for all info so far - - all of which i knew already . there ' s a pretty good collection of golden west photos in the database . still , i ' m curious as to the circumstances of their going out of business and whether there are any remnants today . . .
1945 : edmund converse , flight school and charter service , phoenix az . 1946 : moved to las vegas nv . 1949 : bonanza air lines . 7 / 1 / 68 : merged with pacific air lines and west coast air lines as hughes air west .
this combo deal begins with the golden circle and then you can go and explore reykjavík at your own leisure on the reykjavík sightseeing hop - on hop - off bus .
after travelling the golden circle in a super jeep we kick the action into higher gear to get even closer to iceland’s nature and go for a snowmobiling tour on langjökull .
according to william e . jackman , a spokesman for the air traffic conference , the industry ' s self - regulatory group , 31 airlines honored nearly 65 , 000 tickets valued at $ 8 . 5 million for travel on braniff international , which went out of business in may 1982 . he said that at least seven airlines had honored more than 2 , 000 tickets valued at $ 385 , 697 on altair airlines , a regional carrier in the northeast that defaulted last january , and that eight lines had honored an undetermined number of tickets on golden west airlines , a southern california company that defaulted last april .
cochise airlines was commuter airlines operating in arizona . the owner and ceo was kenny cardella , an ex - football player at the univ . of arizona .
not sure if you want to split hairs here , but technically allegheny airlines is not defunt . while it was rebranded as usair , then usairways , part and parcel it’s still the core of usairways . allegheny aquired mohawk , psa , lake central and piedmont . 2nd point depending on who you talk to “east” or “west” either usairways is defunct ( except the name ) as america west bought them and saved them . or america west is defunct as usairways merged with them .
on a busy day at the west imperial terminal , saturn dc - 8 - 54f n8008f was caught in brother bob’s camera lens .
1931 : f c anderson & elbert clayton dba des moines airways , des moines ia , on acquisition of mid - west airways .
waterfalls , snæfellsjökull and the northern lights are among the things you can expect to see on this tour to the west of iceland .
i used to love the “groumet flights” of republic leaving at dinner time . one could eat one’s way to denver and the west .
you forgot lake central airlines , out of indianapolis , 1950 - 1968 . dc - 3 , convair 340 , convair 580 , and nord 262 . merged into allegheny airlines , 1968 . lake central was founded as roscoe turner airlines .
1929 : ( carl g ) cromwell - hunt aero services dba cromwell airlines inc , san angelo tx . focus on west tx oil companies , with service to ft worth and dallas . 1932 : ended ops .
1980 : ( fdr : larry risley ) , albuquerque nm . 19 ? ? : incorporated as mesa air group . 1994 : acquired carolina commuter . 1996 : ccair . affiliations : america west , us airlines .
i am not aware of presidential merging with pan am . there were numerous other airlines not mentioned such as america west , action , precision , business express , bar harbor , command , pba , best , marco island , naples , florida express and florida west , air atlanta , ata , american international , air caribbean , bonanza , west coast , jetstream , northeastern international , carnival , skywest , and hughes air west , jet express , leisure air , legend , mackey , panagra , pro air , pioneer , ransome , reeve aleutian , wien , and sunworld international , just to name a few . in all , one might double the number cited above ( see “defunct airlines” on wikopedia .
sure did enjoy flying down memory lane on central & frontier airlines . when is the next dfw reunion ? great pictures of old friends . is anyone else still working from the central class of 1965 ? i am with expressjet airlines that was just bought out by sky west and will merge with atlantic southeast airlines in 2011 . a big thank you for a wonderful website !
19 ? ? : no data . 1970 : acquired by pacific western airlines .
c . 19 ? ? : no data . 1982 : became sunbelt airlines .
19 ? ? : vance international airline . 1970 : became mcculloch international airlines .
where is pacific northern airlines which operated between pdx / sea and many alaska destinations ? i worked for them 1955 - 1987 until they merged with western airlines .
pacific northwest ( pna ) is not mentionned . they merged into western airlines .
where is northwest airlines ? it should be noted that delta airlines acquired the carrier . i should know i am still flying except under another name and uniform .
fixed error about presidential airlines : it did not eventually merge with pan am .
you ' ll want to see the famous delights of the golden circle . but why not combine them with a quad biking adventure you’ll never forget ? two fantastic experiences in one !
8 / 23 / 52 : name change from robinson airlines . 1959 : utica ny ( fdr : robert peach sr ) . 1972 : acquired by allegheny airlines .
a three - day tour along the south coast that brings you to some of the most precious jewels of iceland - glaciers , waterfalls , ice cave , the golden circle and more .
c . 1989 : metroflight div of american eagle . 1992 : became simmons airlines .
includes flights of indian airlines ( from the collection of diederik r . vels heijn )
fact check needed re : eastern airlines . i believe their demise occurred before 1991 .
southwest airways was based in sfo and in 1958 changed it’s name to pacific airlines .
the world’s airlines carried a record 3 . 3 billion passengers on 27 million flights .
terry waddington also took these two december 1 photos , of airliners lined up for runway 24 - left . above , a twa 707s waits to join the line while a golden west twin otter can be seen on its takeoff roll , or perhaps it was landing . below , it’s slow moving up , a notch at a time .
from the same shooting spot , brother bob caught three f - 27as of air west in july , shortly after the bonanza - pacific - west coast tri - merger . ex - pacific n2774r , left , has been stripped for repainting while n748l and n277r remain in their original company colors .
twa connies flying to the west coast were quite rare by may when super - g n7105c was photographed , on the east ramp at the hangar .
at another west imperial terminal gate , aeonaves de mexico dc - 6 xa - nak receives ground service , perhaps in preparation for a charter flight .
the lockheed - 14 super electra pj - ait “troepiaal” on its way from curacao to miami in 1943 on behalf of klm’s west - indian operation .
the connemara day tour takes you to the wild west of ireland , where the traditions of yesteryear are still very much a part of daily life .
sun valley airlines and magic carpet airlines flew the hollywood crowd from salt lake to sun valley , idaho as well as the “mini - liners” from airwest airlines . it seems another airline called “rich airlines” owned by ed rich flew to sun valley . what a blast it use to be working for the airlines… . it was such a “fix” that i believe you would have worked for them free gratis . i’m an ole hughes airwest guy .
this is another fb page titled
golden west airlines
. it has been collecting comments , gwa stories , & photos for several years . it ' s where i got the confidence to create this page . i posted my first photo ever , anywhere , on john ' s page . he didn ' t laugh ( too hard = : ) and has been very supportive ever since . please check it out at : urltoken
this list gives a brief summary of what became of the five dash - 7 aircraft flown by golden west . dash 701 & 705 have both been grounded . aircraft 702 , 703 , & 724 are still in the air . no information regarding the short sd3 - 30 aircraft has been found . any details you could add would be appreciated .
j border - you’ve got it a–backwards . north central & southern merged to become republic , then merged with hughes air west and kept the republic name . then republic was taken over by nwa who was taken over by dl . huges air west came from the west cast , pacific , bonanza merger . north central was known as wisconsin central which was the first airline to fly a nfl team ( green bay packers ) … . . in 1941 .
india has a long coastline . the west coast borders the arabian sea and the east coast the bay of bengal , both parts of the indian ocean .
wow ! thank you , i’m a pilot for american airlines based at lax , i started my career with swift airlines in 1978 . . thank you so much for sharing the memorys…
what a great selection of shots . classic aircraft , varied airlines , different aspects… . fantastic
12 / 1 / 84 : from chaparral airlines , dallas tx . 1986 : acquired command airways . 1988 : became regional subsidiary of american airlines . 1990 : merged with metroflight .
includes routes of merpati nusantara airlines ( from the collection of diederik r . vels heijn )
there was a c & s airlines ( chicago and southern ) that merged with delta in 1957 , for a short time delta was known as delta - c & s airlines .
western airlines was the oldest continually operating airline in the world at the time of it’s merger with delta airlines . the well known motto was “western – the only way to fly”… !
the world’s airlines carried a record 3 . 3 billion passengers on 27 million flights last year
try including pacific northern airlines ( pna ) who was purchased in ( i believe ) 1974 by western airlines – now part of the delta family . this puchase , by wal , gave them the conus to alaska reach . western airlines… . the only way to fly… . .
how about the 2nd incarnation of national airlines based in las ? our daughter flew for them for a couple of years and they were a very nice airline until put out of business after 9 / 11 by the government in favor of america west .
good reading , yes there where many more airlines to add . . it’s nice to see not only the names of airlines long forgotten , but also names of crew members i flew with worldwide in my 38 years . so rusty it was eisenberg and yes he is still out there . and claw , at modern air west berlin they were not topless on rev flights . let’s not forget… mcculloch international airlines , contemporary entertainment and the “starship”
1981 : american trans - air airlines , indianapolis in ( charter ) . c . 1999 : acquired chicago express airlines . c . 19 ? ? : feeder routes as ata connection .
the operation of the america west aircraft with paint schemes reflecting allegheny , piedmont , psa keep the logos and name in use to prevent competitors from using them .
some more by - gone airlines include cascade ( metro liners ) and air oregon , ( piper navajos ) cochise , ( convairs ) imperial airines , ( c - 402 , emb - 110 and short 360 ) sunair ( metroliners ) , western pacific ( west - pac ) b - 737 - 300 , wien air alaska , royal west ( bae - 146 ) , states west , ( be - 1900 ) , morris air ( 737 ) mark air ( 737 ) … . all bit the dust or were merged in one way or another and the list goes on… . .
just a couple more of what i hope to see in a growing list . golden gate , operated out of monterrey calif . ( mry ) sometime in the mid 80”s . flying shorts patriot airlines . a cargo carrier operating out of stead airport , reno nevada . sometime in the 90’s . flying 727’s .
1984 ( ? ) : air one airlines , st louis mo . 1984 : ended ops .
1938 : renamed from wyoming air service , casper wy . 1941 : acquired by western airlines .
the caption regarding midway airlines is incorrect , the airline was certified and began operations november 1979 , i should know , i was one of the original employees of the airlines . we had a great time , unfortunately they went out of business after buying the philadelphia operation of eastern airlines .
jet america airlines flew from 1981 through 1987 . it had an all md - 80 flew and was based in long beach , ca . it was eventually bought and merged into alaska airlines .
transcaribbean airlines operated out of a quonset hut at jfk during the 70s , headquarters in sanjuan .
4 . usair purchases piedmont airlines , merges it into usair . merged company operates as usair .
in comparison , the airlines that received just one star have experienced a high number of accidents .
none of the virgin - branded airlines have had a major accident or fatality in their history .
this tour will take you straight to all the interesting sights of south - west iceland without any inconvenience and give you time to explore the natural wonders you encounter .
a number of circumstances interrupted the composition of the girl of the golden west . his librettists didn’t work quite as quickly as he would have liked , slowing his progress . in addition , his family encountered a personal tragedy when a servant girl committed suicide in response to the unfounded jealousy of puccini’s wife . however , three years after his trip to new york , fanciulla was completed .
1969 : k - c aviation , subsidiary of kimberly - clark corp , appleton wi . 1984 : midwest express airlines , milwaukee wi . 1984 : acquired assets of air florida . 1989 : formed subsidiary skyway airlines in partnership with mesa airlines . 1994 : second operational base at omaha nb .
this brings back a lot of memories . still several missing that i worked for . air new england , precison airlines , five star airlines , bar harbor , and allstar airlines . plus does anyone else remember the “yellowbirds” ? i think they were part of , or a gimick for northeast .
it will be interesting to see your write - up about continental airlines and united . united airlines keeping ther name for the airline , the continental airlines logo on the tail ( for how long nobody knows ) , and the continental airlines ceo taking over the raines ! now this is going to be a combination that is going to interesting . . being an x continental airlines employee i feel bad that the continental image will soon be lost into what is shown above , but never forgotten !
6 . us airways has , through mergers and acquisitions , purchased and operated 3 regional airlines as part of their network , although the 3 airlines are operated separately ( allegheny communter , jetstream international , and henson airlines - jetstream and henson are acquired when piedmont was purchased as piedmont owned both ) . a complicating factor is that allegheny commuter is made up of a forced merger by us airways of two wholly owned regional airlines , pennsylvania and suburban airlines . the two are renamed allegheny commuter )
thank you so much for these photos and the priceless commentary as only someone who had ‘been there’ could do…my earliest memories of lax were as a ‘future pilot’ passenger on golden west / psa / apollo / ual etc . i later got to fly n4703u as a pilot with polar air cargo…how wonderful to find the photo of when it was brand - new . and what great comments from everyone…
musically , girl of the golden west is one of puccini’s most innovative pieces . to an extent not seen in his earlier operas , he experiments with new harmonies and orchestration techniques . the work presents a challenge to both performers and directors in the sheer complexity of the onstage action . more so even than tosca , this opera requires that its lead singers also be first - rate actors .
n7502a , flagship oklahoma is seen during engine run - up at american’s hangar . it was lost during a training flight west of montauk , long island in january 1961 .
this may 1967 image gives us a look at the terminal building plus an air west dc - 9 - 14 , a dhc - 6 twin otter and psa 727 .
worked 42 years for the airlines , mid continent , bought out by braniff . went with north west after bnf went down and then sun country until i retired . sun country was started by braniff pilots after bnf went down . lots of memories . like your site .
c . 1938 : boston & maine airways , . 19 ? ? : absorbed by northeast airlines .
1981 : billings mt . 1989 : acquired mall airways . 19 ? ? : acquired pilgrim airlines .
1947 : charles & edna sherman dba california central airlines , burbank ca . 1954 : ended ops .
c . 1967 : los angeles , lax american airlines terminal . routes along california coast and interior .
1927 : ( harold j ) pitcairn aviation ( airmail ) , new brunswick nj . 1929 : sold air mail interests to north american aviation corp . 1930 : reorganized as eastern air transport , miami fl . 1934 : name change to eastern airlines . 19 ? ? : acquired ludington airlines . 1937 : acquired wedell - williams air service . 1938 : incorporation as eastern airlines ( pres : edward v rickenbacker ) . 1956 : acquired colonial airlines . 1967 : acquired mackey airways . 1973 : acquired caribbean - atlantic airlines . 2 / 24 / 86 : acquired by continental airlines ( texas international ) and dissolved . 1989 : eastern airlines shuttle acquired by donald trump as trump shuttle . 1991 : ended ops .
one that would be nice to see in this article is north east airlines . the infamous “yellowbirds” .
if you think back and wonder why , where these airlines have gone . stop , think about the corporate crooks that are still around that ran those airlines into the ground for personal profit , totally ignoring the hard working employees of each of these airlines . carl ichn the # 1 thief “owner of twa”
nicely done . i hope you can continue to add the many other other by - gone airlines .
in 2015 , the three airlines combined to safely deliver more than 35 million passengers across five continents .
1982 - 84 ) . 11 / 22 / 85 : began service to west coast us . 1980 : acquired ok air . 2 / 19 / 86 : ended ops /
prior to caribbean airlines’s dominance of the caribbean market in recent years , another trinidad and tobago carrier used to own the title of being one of the biggest island fliers . its name was british west indian airways , or bwia for short . bwia dates back to 1939 , when new zealander and world war i pilot lowell yerex started the carrier using a single lockheed lodestar with one route between trinidad and barbados . the airline at the time was called west indian airlines but after a takeover by british south american airways ( bsaa ) , the carrier became bwia .
as golden west airlines it continued to expand aggressively through the 1970s , adding service to san francisco ( sfo ) , oakland , bakersfield , fresno , oxnard , santa rosa , merced , modesto , monterey , san jose , stockton and other smaller airports—many of which no longer have commercial service—such as van nuys airport , fullerton municipal airport , and the airport in the sky on santa catalina island . in 1971 it attempted to acquire los angeles airways , a local helicopter commuter line , but the deal fell through .
i worked for four airlines . only one is still operating . however , i know a woman who was a flight attendant for nine airlines , all of which are now defunct ! the angel of death !
if you include small regional airlines , you missed henson aviation , ransome airlines , newair , and pilgrim . also colonial airlines which operated dc - 3s from new york to albany and monreal and was bought by eastern , in the late 1940s , i think , so that it could get a route to motreal .
one word . amazing ! loved scrolling and reading most of the comments . truly the golden age of aviation . thank you for sharing your knowledge and abundance of amazing historical aviation photos with us . good health & happy new year 🙂
correction , i screwed up . air california original flew lockheed electras aquired from qantas . . not l 1011’s . sorry , i’m getting older and , by the way , the dps program at continental airlines was a great program . many of the dps’s went on to be sales reps . ( the proud bird with the golden tail ) jim
here’s a most unusual aircraft in airline service , the german - made hamburger flugzeugbau hfb 320 hansa jet . beginning in 1969 , it was flown by golden west airlines from burbank to santa barbara ( 19 minutes flying time ) and palm springs , staffed by two pilots and one ‘mini - stew , ’ who could be no taller than 5 feet so she could stand upright in the passenger cabin , which lacked galley and lavatory capacity . seen at burbank march 12 , 1969 , the type was withdrawn the following year .
1919 : cecil b demille dba mercury aviation co and mercury air lines , demille field , west los angeles ca . 1921 : discontinued ops , sold assets to rogers airport corp .
i once flew a regional airlines ( in 1984 ) operating on the west coast and using bac 111’s . my cheap flight from pdx to sfo had 3 intermediate stops , including bend , or and 2 others . i think it was called pacific express and it should be in your list
the golden chariot , [ 42 ] — the golden chariot is the only luxury train offering two train tour itineraries in south india . the itineraries are named the pride of the south and the splendor of the south . whereas the pride of the south tour itinerary covers destinations in karnataka along with a halt the india’s most prominent beach destination goa , the splendor of the south itinerary offers tours to tastefully selected destinations across south india . destinations covered during the 8 days itinerary of the splendor of the south aboard the golden chariot include bangalore , chennai , pondicherry , thanjavur , madurai , thiruvananthapuram , alleppey and kochi . both journeys include a dash of cultural sights , world heritage sites , local interactions and wildlife .
c . 1942 : juneau ak on acquisition of alaska air transport . 1968 : aquired by alaska airlines .
1975 : utica ny ( fdr / pres : paul quackenbush ) . 1984 : merged with piedmont airlines .
19 ? ? : kodiak ak . 1973 : merged with western alaska airlines as kodiak western alaska airways .
1950 : formed on acquisition of ( roscoe ) turner air services . 1968 : acquired by allegheny airlines .
jet america out of long beach , ca in the 80’s . flew md - 82’s bought by alaska airlines
pace airlines from winston was a charter company that wet leased airplanes and crew to start the hooters airline .
7 . apparently , if a name brand is not used for a period of years in commerce , it is possible for competitors to begin using it . therefore , us airways renames it’s 3 wholly owned regional airlines after former merger partners . henson is renamed piedmont airlines and flies under that name today . allegheny has already been renamed and is eventually merged into the piedmont regional airline , while jetstream international is renamed psa airlines and flies under that name today . these regional airlines share neither employees , operating certificates , or corporate history with the original airlines . they are simply name changes for the regional airlines that are owned by us airways .