audio-animatronics ( animatronics , aa ) is the registered trademark for a form of robotics animation created by walt disney imagineering for shows and attractions at disney theme parks , and subsequently expanded on and used by other companies .

the robots move and make noise ( generally a recorded speech or song ) , but are usually fixed to whatever supports them .

they can sit and stand but usually can not walk .

an audio-animatron is different from an android-type robot in that it uses prerecorded movements and sounds , rather than responding to external stimuli .

in 2009 , disney created an interactive version of the technology called autonomatronics .

" animatronics " has become a generic name for similar robots created by firms other than disney .

audio - animatronics

lucky is an 8 foot tall segnosaurus , but he’s also a very advanced audio - animatronics figure .
autonomatronics is truly the next generation of audio - animatronics and naturally , the prototype is named otto .
walt disney’s enchanted tiki room opens at disneyland . it’s the first show to feature audio - animatronics technology .
much has changed since 1963 , and audio - animatronics have evolved to match the progress of modern technologies . how exactly has audio - animatronic technology changed since its first creation ? here are some of the latest technological feats which show just how much audio - animatronics have advanced .
two audio - animatronics birds , robin and umbrella , appear in “mary poppins . ” walt disney reinvests profits from the film to create mapo , an organization within walt disney imagineering dedicated to creating and innovating audio - animatronics figures .
walt disney purchases a mechanical bird while vacationing in europe . the souvenir becomes the inspiration for audio - animatronics technology .
the first totally autonomous audio - animatronics figure , lucky the dinosaur , makes his debut , at disney’s california adventure .
a disney imagineer works with one of the new computer animation audio animatronics on the mine train . photo courtesy disney .
the 1964 film “mary poppins” saw the appearance of two audio - animatronics birds , robin and umbrella , and the profits from that film were used to invest in an organization , mapo , set up to create audio - animatronics figures .
along this slow - moving journey up into the sphere , guests encounter various props , projections , and audio - animatronics . if you want to know more about how audio - animatronics work , you can check out my post about aa’s .
stitch , in stitch’s great escape at magic kingdom park , is the first audio - animatronics figure to spit at guests .
autonomatronics technology is different from audio - animatronics technology . audio - animatronics technology repeats a pre - programmed show over and over again . autonomatronics technology is driven by sophisticated cameras and sensors giving otto the ability to make choices about what to say and do .
i saw this guy at d23 . very well done blend of audio - animatronics and computer facial recognition and speech recognition technology .
these figures have taken the audio - animatronics technology to a whole nother level ,
walt disney imagineer jon georges said .
the latest advances in the evolution of audio - animatronics were displayed at the 2009 d23 expo – lucky the dinosaur and autonomatronics .
audio - animatronics technology features heavily in many of the attractions at disney parks around the world . imagine pirates of the caribbean ride without all of the audio - animatronics figures , or the haunted mansion without it’s ghostly residents . but where did it all begin ?
whether on small world or pirates of the caribbean , audio - animatronics are a staple across all classic disney attractions . the first audio - animatronics premiered at the enchanted tiki room , and some of the most advanced audio - animatronics were just unveiled at shanghai disney resort and epcot park – it is interesting to trace how these robotics designed and created by walt disney imagineering have evolved over the years .
walt disney imagineering gives a behind - the - scenes look at the audio - animatronics in the upcoming seven dwarfs mine train attraction .
[ … ] along this slow - moving journey up into the sphere , guests encounter various props , projections , and audio - animatronics . if you want to know more about how audio - animatronics work , you can check out my post about aa’s . [ … ]
audio animatronics is a trademark registered in 1967 by walt disney imagineering . so , only disney ' s entertainment robots can be designated this way . robots made by other companies are called simply
animatronics
.
“it was a new way of bringing inanimate objects to life , ” said eric boardman in a segment about audio - animatronics on disney channel .
clips of various audio animatronics from wed enterprises . the dinosaurs were being moved from the 1964 worlds fair . early tiki room bird . i added the indiana jones theme to fill in the spaces where there was no audio .
the seven dwarfs mine train features spectacular audio - animatronics , with cars slowing down so guests can spot favorite characters making an appearance in different scenes .
meeko was the first portable , all - electric audio - animatronics figure , and made his debut in 2002 in animal kingdom’s pocahontas and her forest friends show .
told ya it’d be audio animatronics erin ! 😀 great post . love me some tiki room and pirates ! so… may i guess what the 70s will be ?
walt disney imagineering introduced the world to the first free - roaming audio - animatronics figure , lucky the dinosaur , which walked around the theme parks and interacted with guests .
today , the disney parks blog released a video from walt disney imagineering giving us a more detailed look at the process to bring the audio - animatronics
to life .
i’m sure the imagineers who created those engineering marvels back in the 1960’s would be amazed at today’s sophisticated audio - animatronics figures ; it makes me wonder what the future holds .
the first portable , all - electric audio - animatronics figure , meeko , the raccoon from the disney animated film “pocahontas , ” appears . he’s in a basket carried by pocahontas .
labels : audio - animatronics timeline chef remy mr . potato head toy story mania muppet mobile lab expedition everest yeti lucky dinosaur hopper a - 100 digital animation control system lincoln great moments
the finished show is controlled by dacs playback , which simultaneously relays data and cues to speakers , lights , special effects and audio - animatronics figures . as technology progressed into the 1980s , so did the control system . today , a control system composed of multiple dacs controls the audio - animatronics figures for both epcot and the magic kingdom from a single remote location .
of course , the imagineers had plenty more projects in the works and audio - animatronics were featured in almost all of them ; pirates of the caribbean opened in 1967 , the haunted mansion in 1969 , country bear jamboree in 1972 , america sings in 1974 , the jungle cruise got some enhanced audio - animatronics in 1976 . . . the list goes on and on .
i look forward to the future of both audio - animatronics and autonomatronics . who knows what their capabilities will be ? maybe we’ll be able to hold entire conversations with them and be bff’s .
great moments with mr . lincoln – featuring the audio - animatronics figure of abraham lincoln ( actually , a duplicate since the original was still performing at the world’s fair ) – opens at disneyland .
who knows where audio - animatronics will go from here ? technology at disney parks is always rapidly advancing , so perhaps we’ll soon see even more technological innovations in some of our future favorite rides .
the video , seen above and available here on youtube , gives fans a behind - the - scenes look at what disney imagineers are calling the
most advanced audio - animatronics ever invented .
our newest hand prototype has 15 movable joints which is three times greater than a traditional audio - animatronics hand . today , disney imagineering works with cutting - edge electronic servo motors to create realistic hands as well as arms . these compact mechanisms are able to move faster and with greater precision . in the past , audio - animatronics relied on pressurized air and hydraulics to generate life - like movements .
and have made advances in audio - animatronic technology , you could say that it’s just a 2 . 0 version of the original thing . disney is also moving towards interactivity in its parks , and they seem to be very excited about this . the problem with audio - animatronics – even a - 100 animatronics – is that the show is still very much scripted . and a machine won’t deviate from its script .
since abe , audio - animatronics have had a bigger and bigger presence in the disney theme parks . notable attractions that use it include pirates of the caribbean , the haunted mansion , the hall of presidents and star tours — the adventures continue . more recently audio - animatronics have even become interactive , with characters like remy from ratatouille , wall - e and lucky the dinosaur now able to talk and play with attendees .
on june 23 , 1963 , walt disney’s enchanted tiki room opened at disneyland . the first attraction to feature audio - animatronics technology was home to more than 200 singing birds , flowers and tikis . the following year , the first human audio - animatronics figure debuted at the new york world’s fair in the state of illinois’ “ great moments with mr . lincoln , ” which opened to great acclaim and later moved to disneyland .
here at disney parks , the three - dimensional stars of our attractions are animated . it’s been that way since shortly after audio - animatronics development began decades ago . but our latest innovation takes it to another level .
hopper , the grasshopper from the disney•pixar film “a bug’s life , ” is the most sophisticated audio - animatronics figure produced to date . featuring 74 functions , the character appears in “it’s tough to be a bug ! ”
developing something more advanced , and they succeeded . the newest robotics technology was the first to use audio to operate and was the first true form of audio - animatronics . this new system used something called a solenoid coil – basically a wire wrapped tightly around a cylinder . when audio – recorded on magnetic tapes – passes through the coil , it produces a reaction that creates motion . this method was once again created by roger broggie and wathel rogers .
as seen in dark rides like “pirates of the caribbean : battle for the sunken treasure” and “frozen ever after” , a combination of advanced and sophisticated audio - animatronics with projection mapping technology yields the best modern results . classic elements , furthermore , aren’t forgotten : the new pirates ride at shanghai disney resort is an example of a happy medium between classic audio - animatronics that nod to classic attractions like the “enchanted tiki room” while holding a candle to fully digital experiences .
alec tronic is an a100 animatronic figure . it ' s the most amazing audio animatronic figure i ' ve seen .
the giant squid in the 1954 movie 20 , 000 leagues under the sea was robotic and there were a few rudimentary automated characters in the 1955 jungle cruise attraction , but the real introduction of audio - animatronics didn’t take place until 1963 .
eric boardman and his magic sweater take us on a behind the scenes look at the history of audio animatronics at the disney theme parks . this aired during commercial breaks on the disney channel in the late 80 ' s / early 90 ' s .
audio - animatronics figures are also in three other world’s fair shows designed and produced by disney : carousel of progress ( featuring figures animated using a programming harness , a precursor of today’s motion capture systems ) , magic skyway and it’s a small world .
the muppet mobile lab , featuring muppets dr . bunsen honeydew and his assistant beaker , marks the first time that free - roaming audio - animatronics characters can interact and converse with each other , as well as with guests they encounter along their way .
2004 saw a huge step forward with lucky the dinosaur , the world’s first free - roaming audio - animatronics figure . lucky made his debut at disney’s california adventure park and was able to roam around interacting with guests . this technology continued to evolve with the appearance of the muppet mobile lab at epcot , which saw much smaller versions of the free - roaming audio - animatronics characters , that were not only able to move around , but could also converse with each other as well as with guests .
it ' s a
new look
because the dwarfs on the mine train won ' t be the purely practical animatronics we ' ve seen until now on so many disney theme park attractions , with sculpted features driven by mechanical processes . on the mine train , the dwarf animatronics will blend mechanical features with 3d computer animation , apparently projected upon the mechanical animatronics themselves .
hello , were putting on a animatronics event with all sorts of disney , knotts & star wars animatronics . would love to talk with those who might of had a hand with the disney company as possible speakers ! urltoken our event is sept 18th 2010
audio - animatronics technology enters the computer age with the use of dacs ( digital animation control system ) , a computer - controlled playback system for disney shows and attractions . imagineers also begin using the anicon - animation console – for animating and programming figures .
the largest animatronics figure ever made was the animatronic t . rex that was built for the massively popular 1993 film jurassic park . other animatronics in movies that are just as memorable , though , include jaws , terminators , gremlins , and e . t .
of audio - animatronics is in interactivity . once again , we’re dealing with machines here . how do you get a machine to interact with its surroundings , especially with little or no script to follow ? i think we’re seeing two approaches to answering that question .
on a recent trip into carol’s tickle trunk i came across an article on audio - animatronics from the summer 2003 issue of disney magazine . the article described how the enchanted tiki room , with it’s exciting new technology , created a sensation over fifty years ago !
a quick and innovative look at the history of walt disney ' s crowning achievement , audio animatronic figures , or aa ' s .
chef remy , the lovable star of the disney / pixar film
ratatouille ,
who is the smallest audio - animatronics in the world , is appearing six days a week , four times a day at les chefs de france in the france pavilion at epcot .
and developed the entire vision component of the world ' s first autonomous audio - animatronics . in 3 months , i have designed , implemented and tested the vision algorithms , for a robot to be responsive and reactive to the emotion of its audience in real - time .
no , originally it had to do with how the movement was controlled . they ' re called audio - animatronics because they originally used audio equipment to program the various and complex movements . this range of movement is what really distinguishes an animatronic from an animated figure that will have only a few , simple movements . figures such as those on the world famous jungle cruise are not animatronics as they mechanically repeated the same movement and that is all they can do . there is no ability to reprogram them to move in another manner without rebuilding them .
quick…think about your last face - to - face conversation — how you used facial movements or arm gestures to show emotion . disney imagineers know humans often convey emotions with their hands , arms and eyes and tend to focus much of their audio - animatronics development work on it .
“imagineers have been using audio - animatronics technology to bring disney characters to life for over fifty years , and today we’re continuing that legacy of innovation and creativity by constantly creating new wows for the next generation of guests , ” says scott trowbridge , wdi vp research and development .
the first person to become translated into animatronics was abraham lincoln , a pet project that walt disney debuted at the world fair in 1964 .
mr . potato head in toy story mania ! at both disney’s california adventure and disney’s hollywood studios marks the first time that an audio - animatronics figure features lips with such a wide range of lifelike movements , can remove and re - attach a body part ( his ear ) and has digitally animated eyes that can look directly at the particular guest with whom he is conversing . also , since mr . potato head has more lines of dialogue than any audio - animatronics figure ever created by walt disney imagineering , it has required more programming hours than any other figure .
yeah , american adventure ( aa ) gets two audio - animatronics ( aa ) on the list ! the will rogers figure shows up only for a few minutes , but in that short time , he does something none of his brethren are able to do . he twirls a lasso .
probably the biggest innovation that came from imagineers was audio - animatronics , the form of robotics used in shows and attractions at the disney parks to animate things three - dimensionally . the original concept came from walt disney himself , after he bought a mechanical bird in new orleans and started thinking about the possibilities of robotics in his theme parks . the first attraction to spring from it was the enchanted tiki room , which included audio animatronic birds singing . that was only the start , though . at the 1964 world’s fair an audio animatronic version of abraham lincoln gave part of the historical figure’s famous gettysburg address . the robotic figure was featured in the “great moments with mr . lincoln” exhibit as the first human audio animatronic figure .
perhaps one of the best examples of how this technology has evolved are the animatronics that have debuted in 2016 . epcot’s “frozen ever after” ride features some of the most sophisticated animatronics thus far . all of the animatronics’ movements are so fluid and life - like , and with some cases like elsa in the “let it go” sequence , extremely humanlike . it’s as if the animated characters jumped out of the screen and into the attraction .
universal studios , first in singapore on december 3 and then la in 2012 , are hoping visitors will flock to the first ride based on the film transformers . the promise of 3d video and audio - animatronics - where the robot makes noise itself - is expected to be a spectacular ride .
the yeti is a complicated audio - animatronics figure whose complex functions have presented some challenges affecting its operation ,
said walt disney world spokeswoman andrea finger .
we purposely took measures in 2008 to reduce unnecessary stress and preserve many of its functions while we studied possible long - term solutions .
the yeti , a major element of expedition everest at disney’s animal kingdom , is the largest and most powerful audio - animatronics figure ever created by walt disney imagineering . standing more than 18 feet tall , the thrust of the yeti’s arm has the equivalent amount of force as a 747 jumbo jet .
walt disney led his company through the invention of many technologies . in animation there was the xerographic cell transfer process and the multi - plane camera , just to name a few . but one of disney’s most major inventions was the animation of the human figure in real life – audio - animatronics .
we’re a highly scientific bunch here at parkeology , and i took a highly scientific poll involving myself , my cat , my framed autographed picture of teevtee , and that jehovah’s witness that came to my door . here in no particular order are the 10 coolest things audio animatronics have done over the years .
it all started with a dream walt disney had ; he wanted to create a little mechanical man which could move and talk . here’s a short excerpt from the walt disney family museum ’s article by keith gluck on the early days of audio - animatronics that gives a hint how walt’s dream may have started .
the stitch’s great escape attraction which hosts the 39 inch stitch audio animatronic is the most advanced a - 100 aa figure created by disney imagineering to date . he walks around on the elevated platform , that is , his figure is designed to appear to step around the center containment chamber . his arms move , his ears and spine spikes twitch . he blinks , laughs , growls , and even turns 360 degrees . stitch is also the first audio - animatronics figure to spit .
the first a - 100 audio - animatronics figure , the wicked witch of the west , debuts as part of the great movie ride at disney’s hollywood studios ( then known as disney - mgm studios ) in walt disney world resort . a - 100 figures incorporate compliance technology that gives the characters more fluid and realistic movements .
audio animatronics have evolved a lot since their debut as multicultural stereotypes . jose , michael , pierre , and fritz were pretty darn cool . they could move . they could talk . they could do both at the same time ( something al gore never learned ) . but even isaac asimov couldn’t imagine what they’d do next .
happy birthday tiki room ! in honor of the enchanted tiki room ' s 54th birthday , join ryan as he presents a brief history of audio animatronics ! follow us on youtube and all our other social media sites : urltoken urltoken urltoken urltoken this youtube channel is in no way connected to or affiliated with the walt disney company .
an important audio animatronics technology is so called compliance . the earlier versions of aa devices could not perform sharp movements as the entire device would shake because of inertia and this would look unnatural . the compliance avoids this by allowing the limbs to move a bit past the programmed stop point and return to the needed position shortly after that .
to check out my articles in the 9th issue of celebrations magazine ! you’ll find another article on audio - animatronics and an article on 3d shows at walt disney world . i hope you enjoyed this edition of diztech , and i hope you get the chance to check out celebrations magazine . keep your browsers pointed here for next month’s diztech !
anyone who has visited a disney park has undoubtedly been captivated by audio - animatronics ( or aa’s ) . my fascination with aa’s started at a young age , and i’ve always enjoyed learning about them . i also love to discuss them with other people , so i’ve decided to put together a high - level overview of their constantly evolving technology .
i was thinking about audio animatronics recently and began attempting to collect my thoughts for a potential article and / or commentary here on 2719 hyperion . i was primarily considering how in recent years there has been a distinct shift by disney away from large scale audio animatronics - heavy attractions , much in the mold of the great movie ride and early future world endeavors like horizons and world of motion . focus seems to have shifted to weenie - based , centerpiece aas like stitch , the yeti and the much ballyhooed jack sparrow . i have wondered if this represented a dramatic shift away from aa - based attractions and reflected a growing disenchantment of the technology among both theme park guests and walt disney imagineers .
these days audio - animatronics figures can be found in many disney rides and shows , including an a - 100 captain jack sparrow in the pirates of the caribbean attraction , an 18 feet tall yeti in animal kingdom’s expedition everest , and the most complex a - 100 figure to date in the form of stitch at magic kingdom’s in stitch’s great escape .
as is the case with many technologies now common at amusement parks , audio - animatronics ( a disney trademark ) is the handiwork of that illustrious group of imaginative engineers , walt disney imagineering . although your first encounter with a singing and dancing animal might’ve been at an entertainment venue such as chuck e . cheese’s or showbiz pizza place , it was disneyland’s enchanted tiki room that first introduced the world to robotic crooners . the first generation of audio - animatronics might look a little stiff and awkward compared with today’s advanced animatronics ( the crane dance at resorts world sentosa for example ) , but to the disneyland visitors of 1963 , they were nothing less than enchanting . so much so , that when juan , the talking bird that invited guests into the tiki room , first appeared on the scene , he caused major congestion in the area as curious onlookers tried to catch a glimpse of him .
benjamin franklin became the first audio animatronic to actually walk when he mounted the steps to thomas jefferson’s loft in the american adventure , circa 1982 . up to this point , animatronics were usually locked in place , or riding some kind of primitive conveyance mechanism . ben franklin now joins neil armstrong as one of the few americans who have taken iconic first steps .
the digital animation control system ( dacs ) came into being in 1969 , making use of the now rapidly developing computer technology . dacs involves the movements being recorded onto computer disk , which animators then use to manipulate the figures’ movements via a console . using this system the animators are able to adjust or delete actions at the touch of a button . dacs technology has moved on a long way since then , and a more sophisticated version is now used to control all of the audio - animatronics figures we see at the parks today . all of the audio - animatronics figures in epcot and magic kingdom at walt disney world are controlled from a system composed of multiple dacs from a single remote location in the magic kingdom .
in 1963 , walt disney imagineering created a new form of entertainment with the wild and exotic birds seen in the “enchanted tiki room” . these colorful , singing macaws , parrots , and cockatoos marked the invention of audio - animatronics , which would later be found in classic attractions such as “it’s a small world” , “pirates of the caribbean” , and “the haunted mansion” .
, we’re going to explore audio - animatronics – where they came from , where they are now , and where they’re headed in the future . this is without question one of the most beloved technologies to come from the walt disney company , so i can tell you i’m already excited to delve a little deeper . let’s move ahead to the early days of aas .
i would love to see further development on this technology…perhaps otto could be the first disney audio - animatronic with an independently controlled ai system capable of holding a simple realtime conversation with guests .
mr . potato head in toy story mania ! at both disney’s california adventure and disney’s hollywood studios marks the first time that anaudio - animatronics figure features lips with such a wide range of lifelike movements , can remove and re - attach a body part ( his ear ) and has digitally animated eyes that can look directly at the particular guest with whom he is conversing . also , since mr . potato head has more lines of dialogue than any audio - animatronics figure ever created by walt disney imagineering , it has required more programming hours than any other figure .
, represents in my opinion , some of the best writing on the subject of disney , formally published or otherwise . she responded with an intelligent , articulate essay on the current state of audio animatronics that made me quickly and humbly set aside any intentions i had of writing a similar piece . even better , she generously and graciously granted me permission to reprint her statements here .
( wed , date unknown ) following their introduction at the 1964 - 1965 world ' s fair , disney planned for the large scale use of audio - animatronics in many future attractions . as a result , the wed imagineering mapo division developed a casting system to take a
kit of parts
approach to figure production . this is an authentic mapo - built series a - 1 audio - animatronic pelvis frame from the disneyland casting system . this same casting would have been used in characters from the
haunted mansion
,
pirates of the caribbean
, and dozens of other classic disney attractions around the world . measures 10 . 5
x4 . 5
and 4
tall . a wonderful artifact from disney ' s revolutionary audio - animatronic system .
insiders also report that once disney nails down these effects on the seven dwarfs mine train , it will might begin adding these
cgi animatronics
on other attractions , starting with the fantasyland dark rides .
according to a modern marvels documentary about walt disney world on the history channel , they were also working on a roving audio - animatronic of wall - e . did it ever go into service at the parks ?
the audio - animatronic indiana jones figures inside indiana jones adventure : temple of the crystal skull at tokyo disneysea resemble actor harrison ford , unlike the original figures found at the disneyland version , temple of the forbidden eye . in 2010 , some of the audio - animatronic figures at the disneyland version were replaced with more technically advanced figures that also look more like ford . however , neither version features harrison ford ' s actual voice .
looks great . interesting to see that final bit of footage contrasting yesterday ' s animatronics with today ' s . an impressive step forward for an attraction that may end up being the sleeper hit of the summer .
in 1998 , animatronics invaded homes everywhere via the hugely popular toy , the furby . with his blinking eyes , moving beak , its appeal was that
the more you say , the more they do !
the new york world’s fair of 1964 was not far in the future when the tiki room opened and plenty of corporations were clamoring for disney to design pavilions for them and incorporate their wonderful new audio - animatronic technology .
continuing our look back at the amazing innovations that disneyland has seen throughout its sixty years , we jump forward now to the 1960s and the invention of audio - animatronics technology . inspired by an antique mechanical singing bird , walt disney was driven to bring what he saw as three - dimensional animation to disneyland . he enlisted the help of imagineer and disney legend wathel rogers to take the bird apart and see how it – quite literally – ticked .
the first imagineers were chosen from disney studios to bring walt disney’s disneyland vision to reality in the early ’50s and they’ve been at it ever since pushing the creative and technological envelope . imagineers figured out how to get crush , the popular turtle from “finding nemo , ” to interact with audiences and conceived the 20 - foot - tall audio - animatronics himalayan yeti for expedition everest at walt disney world ( they even went to nepal to soak up the atmosphere . )
as readers on twitter have mentioned , disney ' s done projection faces on animatronics before , on buzz lightyear in his shooter attractions , and on lightning mcqueen and mater in radiators springs racers . but these animatronics appear more advanced than those , with not just faces animated , but also ears , arms and hands . disney ' s also projecting here onto multiple moving elements at once , which , if it works , could create an even more convincing lifelike effect .
jon’s passion for big projects that “only disney can do” brought him back to imagineering in 2009 . today , jon leads the r & d studio in the development of new immersive special effects , interactive living characters , audio - animatronics® figures , sustainable design practices , collaborative tools , and participatory entertainment experiences . through these and other innovations , jon and his team seek to create novel and memorable theme park experiences that will surprise and delight millions of disney guests around the world .
it’s difficult to imagine what possibilities lie ahead , but i’m sure that imagineers and animators have something even bigger and better already on their drawing boards . a walking , talking life - like audio animatronic man could be just around the corner .
[ … ] disney’s involvement in the creation of this technology , the blog malloryland takes a look at the history of disney’s audi0 - animatronics . the article doesn’t mention it , but disney has been outsourcing much of its animatronic [ … ]
with the success of the first applications of audio - animatronics , disney was able to expand and improve upon the technology over the years . pirates of the caribbean , considered by many to be the paradigm of audio - animatronic showmanship , debuted in disneyland in 1967 . two years later , 999 happy haunts welcomed foolish mortals to the haunted mansion . the mechanical stalwarts that comprise many of disney’s key attractions have become a cornerstone in disney parks all over the world . in those early days , however , the new technology at times proved to be an arduous process . it took a visionary like walt disney to keep the imagineers steadfast when complications arose . “don’t worry , ” he would tell them . “it’s going to work . ”
work begins on “project little man . ” roger broggie and wathel rogers , pioneers in audio - animatronicstechnology , create a miniature figure that is programmed with cams , cables and tubes to mimic tap - dancing routines performed by the late buddy ebsen .
it is wonderful to see the inverstment of time and capital being put into the further development of aa’s . to me , their use as a story telling medium is a key differenciator for disney . as much as i find turtle talk , monster’s inc laugh floor , and stitch live to be enjoyable experiences , to my mind , my favorite disney attractions throughout the globe are exeplified by the use of audio animatronics . adding an emotional ai capability to the technology makes it even more compelling .
“audio - animatronics was an idea of walt to carry out the animation that he really started in cartoons and over time , he became interested in taking that out of a two - dimensional form and moving it into a three - dimensional form , ” said marty sklar , walt disney imagineering , of this technology . the birds , tikis , and flowers in the “enchanted tiki room” all came through life through tones on a magnetic tape that send electric impulses to various parts of the animatronic .
the newest audio - animatronic figure to feature in disney attractions , both in california adventure and disney’s hollywood studios , is mr . potato head in toy story mania ! this figure is so advanced that he can remove and re - attach his ear , has lips with a wide range of movements and his eyes are digitally animated so he is able to look directly at a guest he is talking to . the figure took more hours to program than any other audio animatronic figure ever has before .
in the years since , audio - animatronics technology has continued to develop at disney parks around the world . many classics , such as pirates of the caribbean and haunted mansion , continue to see new and even more impressive figures added as the technology continues to advance . what started as a curiosity for walt all those years ago has grown into a disney parks legacy – storytelling technology that set a new standard and brought us all a little closer to the world of yesterday , tomorrow and fantasy .
[ gary writes : the wall - e audio - animatronic appeared at a few places including the philadelphia science museum in may 2008 , then at the 2009 d23 expo . to the best of my knowledge he has never appeared in a theme park .
[ … ] of disney’s involvement in the creation of this technology , the blog malloryland takes a look at the history of disney’s audi0 - animatronics . the article doesn’t mention it , but disney has been outsourcing much of its animatronic needs [ … ]
jeff l . burke joined wed enterprises ( now known as walt disney imagineering ) in 1973 as a figure finisher . after a first experience helping improve the country bear jamboree’s cast of audio - animatronics with custom - woven color - correct faux fur outfits , he was asked by marc davis to take on an instrumental role for his celebrated america sings attraction . he supervised the installation of some 115 audio - animatronics characters in their theater in disneyland’s tomorrowland . not long after joining the model shop to work on epcot’s future world , jeff became a show designer for the kitchen kabaret show in the land pavilion , taking the project from its initial concept up to opening day . this would prepare him for his role as the show producer and executive designer for euro disneyland’s entire frontierland section . he would later join a team under eric jacobson to improve aspects of florida’s magic kingdom park , creating ariel’s grotto and the enchanted tiki room - under new management . today , jeff burke is an independent designer in southern california .
great article . i am hoping we will see a return to more audio - animatronic rides at wdw . clearly it was important to walt’s vision as a way to communicate a story , so it would be great to see management consider bringing them back .
the backstory : andy ( the character from “toy story” whose toys come to life ) gets a carnival playset for his birthday . while he’s out to dinner , his toys – familiar to kids from the “toy story” movies – come to life and set up the midway . ( a 5 - foot - tall audio - animatronics mr . potato head is the carnival barker encouraging us to come play the games . the kids will love that he tells jokes and can interact with them . it really is pretty amazing .
from what some insiders have said privately , it ' s getting these animatronics timed just right that ' s been keeping the park from getting the attraction ready to open to the public , rather than an issue with the ride system itself . but as the movie industry long ago moved to cgi ( computer generated imagery ) to get the widest range of detailed effects in film , perhaps it ' s appropriate that disney ' s now turning to cgi - style elements to make its signature animatronics appear even more lifelike .
work on disney’s audio - animatronics began well before disneyland ever opened . it was walt disney’s desire to move on from animating pictures to animating three - dimensional figures that kick - started the project in the early 1950s . the earliest moving figure created by the imagineering department ( then called wed enterprises ) was a nine - inch tap dancer called the “dancing man . ” this tiny dancer’s movements were controlled by cables and metal cams that were external to the figure . however , due to high maintenance costs and disney turning his focus towards designing disneyland , the project was shelved . when disneyland first opened in 1955 simple animatronics could be found along the jungle cruise , but the imagineers were still hard at work on the technology that would bring the colorful cast of the enchanted tiki room to life .
a brief history of animatronics made by walt disney imagineering ! where do you think animatronics will go in the future and did you learn anything new from this video ? more videos : disneyland festival of the holidays : urltoken dapper day disneybounds : urltoken my disneybound process : urltoken sarah ' s social media : twitter - urltoken instagram - urltoken facebook - urltoken . . . tumblr - urltoken don ' t forget all of the thingamavlogs accounts : snapchat : @ thingamavlogs twitter : urltoken instagram : urltoken facebook : urltoken thanks for watching !
as we say our goodbyes to the childhood staple that ' s been around from the late ' 70s to today , it ' s got us thinking about all the ways animatronics have snuck into our hearts , from the first movie to use the technology ( mary poppins ! ) to groundbreaking uses on tv ( dinosaurs ! ) . below , find a brief history of animatronics whose robotic moves changed how movies were made and even led small animatronic creatures to start popping up in our own homes ( we see you , furby ! ) .
over the years , the disney audio - animatronics technology has evolved so that an entire room of computers reading magnetic tapes is no longer necessary . footage of that computer room , as well as scenes from the original show , can be seen in the above video . current technology allows for much more realistic movements and better sound , but the look and format of the show remains the same . the unchanged look and theatrics just goes to show that while technology gets old , a good story , charming characters , and creative production never will .
in 1964 , mary poppins became the first movie to use animatronics , with mary seen drawing animatronic birds to perch on her hand while she sings
a spoonful of sugar .
at least with animatronic birds , she doesn ' t have to worry about feeding them !
as part of the journey into imagineering pavilion at the d23 expo , parts of the latest audio - animatronic figures were on display . this head of mr . lincoln is one of the most advanced audio - animatronics and is used in the parks . mr . lincoln has 16 facial function , previous aa figures had approximately 6 . he is all electric . skin composition was also demonstrated . imagineers reformulated the aa skin so that light would better reflect in all directions , as it does with real skin . an aa finger was passed around to show what the face actually feels like . don ' t miss a video - subscribe to our youtube channel : urltoken ♥ twitter ! urltoken ♥ pinterest urltoken ♥ facebook urltoken ♥ instagram urltoken for complete planning and vacation information on walt disney world , disneyland and disney cruise line visit us at : urltoken
for a while , disney fans have bemoaned the loss of the long form audio - animatronic attraction epitomized by pirates of the caribbean or horizons . but the company has continued to make use of the figures , including some featured figures in the new attraction based on the little mermaid .
disney animators and engineers had been hard at work on audio - animatronics starting in 1961 , and it would take two years for the enchanted tiki birds to cause theme parkgoers to flock to the
tiki tiki tiki tiki tiki room .
at first , this attraction was separate from the main park , charging its own 75 - cent admission ( approximately $ 6 today ) . the show ' s main stars were the singing parrots whose beaks repeat the addicting lyrics , as well as other songs like
let ' s all sing like the birdies sing .
special features : creatures with a cause : the issues of
dinosaurs
; audio commentaries with brian henson , the writers , producers , cast and crew ;
i ' m the baby , gotta love me ! !
featurette ; hours of episodes not aired on network tv .
ultra - advanced audio - animatronics technologies . their new prototype for animatronic hands , for example , contains 15 movable joins ( compared to 5 movable joins for current aas ) . also , and possibly more impressive , is the prototype for the new eye . instead of an eye being driven by mechanics similar to all the other body parts , disney is now working on an eye driven by electromagnets . that means the eye itself has no contact points and is the only moving part . not only can it move more realistically and quickly , but the part itself can last longer .
deep inside the 20 - story expedition everest attraction at disney ' s animal kingdom stands one of the most sophisticated animatronics disney has ever built : a nearly 25 - foot - tall , 20 , 000 - pound abominable snowman powered by hydraulic cylinders with more potential thrust than a 747 jetliner .
i know the sleeping monk is one , but am not certain about others . are the tiki birds animatronics ? how about the hula girls in iasw ? what qualifies and does not qualify ? i really don ' t know and am hoping to get more than just yeti jokes , lol .
everyone talks about the new attractions that have video projections and how easy it is to
reprogram
them to change the content and make the experience different each time . i don ' t see why that approach can ' t be applied to audio animatronics . it ' s entirely possible to write computer software that adds variations to the performance of the aa figures - - perhaps even to allow them to respond to an audience in the same way that crush does in turtle talk . what it comes down to is that aa figures are expensive to produce and maintain even though they provide a much better show .
much of this technology utilized something called audio animatronics . walt’s first desire to create aa came from a miniature whistling bird , in a cage . he brought this back to his studios and had his technicians take it apart so that they could see how it worked . walt then decided that he wanted to make a life sized dimensional object with this technology . abraham lincoln was the first life size human aa figure created by disney for the 1964 worlds fair . during the show lincoln would give speeches and even stand up from his chair , pretty high tech for it’s time , the first a - 1 aa was born .
the first completed application of audio - animatronics arrived in disneyland in 1963 , in the form of a show where the birds sang words and the flowers crooned . “it kind of started with walt , and this little mechanical bird in a cage that he had , ” rogers remembered . “walt gave it to me and asked me to look inside it . ” initially planned to be a cute little show to entertain patrons while dining , walt disney ' s enchanted tiki room continued to grow to the point where it became its own show , sans restaurant , and opened with over 200 flowers , birds , and tiki gods serenading a captivated public .
not too long ago autonomatronics was registered as a trademark by walt disney imagineers for more sophisticated audio - animatronic technology . whereas the original audio - animatrons just used hydraulics to operate robotic figures for a pre - programmed event , autonomatronics can use cameras and other sensors . those sensors feed signals to a high - speed computer , which makes choices about what the machines will say and do . otto , who debuted in 2009 , was the first figure to be able to hear , see and sense actions in its vicinity . check out a video of otto here . he was followed by characters like remy , wall - e and lucky , mentioned above .
animatronics are used in the entertainment industry when there is a need to portray someone ( something ) that is impossible or difficult to act . of course , nowadays cgi is used more and more to generate
impossible
things but this method has one major flaw - it cannot create the illusion needed in real life applications .
the first true audio - animatronic technology was used for the birds in the enchanted tiki room at disneyland , which opened in 1963 . for this the imagineers had devised a system to control the actions by means of magnetic recording tape and solenoid coils . the signals recorded on the tape triggered solenoid coils inside the figures , producing action .
1989 saw the first a - 100 audio - animatronic figure in the form of the wicked witch of oz at disney hollywood studio’s great movie ride . the a - 100 figure enables movements and gestures that the figure makes to be more realistic than ever before , and it takes around eight hours to animate just one second of movement .
work began on the lincoln figure to showcase the capabilities of the burgeoning audio - animatronic technology , as walt hoped to obtain a sponsor for his proposed hall of presidents exhibit in disneyland . unfortunately the project was viewed as too expensive , and no one expressed real interest . that is , until , the new york world’s fair came calling .
to understand machines as complex as audio - animatronics , it helps to first understand control systems . a control system in its most basic form is an input that produces a desired output . inputs and outputs are classified as either binary ( also called digital ) or analog . a binary input or output is one of two discrete values ( i . e . on or off ) . an analog input or output is a varying value . how do you know if the value is designated as an input or an output ? you have to think like a controller . the controller is the reference point . information that the control system receives is an input and information that the control system sends is an output . simple enough ?


overaa construction is an american family-owned construction company based in richmond , california , which provides general contracting and design/build services in northern california .

it is one of the largest contractors in california and is consistently ranked among enr 's top 400 contractors in the us .

overaa construction has a self-performing concrete capability .

the company crews perform about 600,000 man-hours on average each year , three fourths of which are concrete work .

overaa construction

overaa construction is busy working on the $ 100 million sunnyvale primary treatment facility package 2 project . construction includes new . . .
jerry overaa ceo , c . overaa & co . - san francisco business times
crews at overaa construction just completed their 702 , 840 safe work hour . fifteen months without an accident is no accident , according to tim fitzpatrick , safety director at overaa construction .
fear not law articles : overaa construction v . california occupational safety and health appeals part ii
2 . appellant filed its administrative appeal as c . overaa & co . , but filed its petition in the trial court as overaa construction . we shall refer to appellant as overaa .
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overaa construction is the general contractor for the $ 40 million design - build project . overaa has experience on many school construction projects around the bay area ; this is the first sfusd job for the richmond - based contractor . swinerton is also serving as the construction management contractor for the middle school .
“our workers ' safety and health have been priorities for overaa construction since the company was founded over 100 years ago . ”
overaa construction v . department of industrial relations , division of occupational safety and health , real party in interest and respondent .
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overaa construction v . department of industrial relations , division of occupational safety and health , real party in interest and respondent . | findlaw
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overaa is proud to be recognized as a leader in the construction industry for worker safety and health . overaa is a member of cal / osha ' s voluntary protection program ( vpp - c ) for the construction industry . in 2017 , overaa was named the 2nd healthiest employer for a mid - size company by san francisco business times .
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analyzing permits over the last 4 years shows that c overaa & co bayview engineering & construction a joint venture mostly works on demolition and hvac projects .
our building permit records indicate that c overaa & co bayview engineering & construction a joint venture has worked on at least 502 projects over the past 4 years .
first job : drawing plans for his father’s construction projects when he was in high school .
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the overaa team has proven to set the bar for contractors with technical knowledge and project management skills that are unsurpassed in my construction career . i personally state that it was a pleasure to work with the overaa team and i look forward to us working together again in the future . i would heartily recommend overaa for any construction project with the knowledge that the project would meet the goals of cost , schedule , quality and safety .
overaa remains a name of respect and integrity . i have been in the business for close to 30 years and have competed against , worked with , and for jerry overaa and consider him and the overaa company among the best in the business .
overaa entered a public works contract with dublin san ramon services district to make improvements to a wastewater treatment plant . overaa subcontracted the electrical work to cra - tek .
background : when jerry overaa went to college , he planned to become an aeronautical engineer , but switched paths to construction by his senior year and ended up going into the family business . c . overaa & co . , was founded by jerry overaa ’s grandfather , carl overaa , a norwegian immigrant , in 1907 . jerry overaa joined the firm in 1966 and rose through the ranks until becoming ceo . the firm has about 350 employees and operates throughout northern california with revenue of $ 235 million in 2011 .
in 1902 , norwegian immigrant carl overaa came to the u . s . to pursue his dream in the “land of opportunity” and opened a small construction business in richmond , california .
notable building permits filed by c overaa & co bayview engineering & constructio . . .
this article discusses the provisions and enforcement of section 336 . 10 ( c ) , the effects of the overaa and harris construction cases , and the regulatory “fix” proposed by the division .
bachelor’s degree in construction management , civil engineering , mechanical engineering or architecture or 5 + years experience .
overaa construction was again named one of enr ' s top 400 contractors ! this year , we placed # 267 , up from # 285 in 2017 . this list , published . . .
c overaa & co bayview engineering & construction a joint venture , 200 parr blvd , richmond , ca holds a general engineering contractor license and 9 other licenses according to the california license board .
c . overaa & co . reserves the right to reject any subcontractor or supplier bids .
jerry overaa of c . overaa & co . was practicing design - build project delivery methods before the words were coined ; he collaborated with many architects and engineers to design and construct anything we could imagine . jerry overaa has demonstrated sustained leadership for more than the 28 years of my association with him and today that leadership is integrating the professional practices of construction and design to the highest of levels .
the following chart measures overaa ' s recordable injury incident rate by year versus the industry average .
15 . overaa misinterprets this sentence as a holding that employers are strictly liable . we disagree .
overaa contends the board improperly concluded it was immaterial whether overaa acted with reasonable diligence . overaa contends cal / osha requires only the exercise of reasonable diligence by general contractors for hazards created by subcontractors , and allowing the regulatory violation to stand would impose a strict liability standard upon a general contractor .
overaa construction , plaintiff and appellant , v . california occupational safety and health appeals board , defendant and respondent ; department of industrial relations , division of occupational safety and health , real party in interest and respondent .
i grew to appreciate overaa ' s management model , your thoughtful work ethic , and the careful and professional manner in which each member of overaa ' s team carried out their responsibilities .
while modular and prefabricated construction has been around for decades , renewed interest in this delivery approach is gaining more attention .
how’s business : it’s better , but construction is still tough … there’s more inquiries and more opportunities shooting up , but commercial construction is down 30 percent in northern california , and that is considered better than the rest of the nation .
when buildzoom last verified this license , it had an expiration date of may , 2018 . check the current license status of c overaa & co bayview engineering & construction a joint venture with the california contractors state license board
5 . indeed , the contract expressly stated that employees of subcontractors would be considered employees of overaa . the excerpts of the contract contained in the administrative record do not include signature pages or anything identifying overaa as the contractor . however , at the administrative hearing , overaa ' s attorney stipulated to the contract .
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we are an annual participant in the srbx safety expo , a safety , leadership development , and construction equipment training conference .
what one can expect from overaa construction is a streamlined , honest process built upon open communication . they are a partner to be relied upon from the start of project through punch out , and on through the warranty period .
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additionally , the team spirit encompassed all the players , including the owner’s representatives , the construction managers and the a / e design team . we worked together to provide effective responses to critical path items and provided support for this complex and challenging construction process .
the right size - overaa is not bureaucratic , we empower our team members to make decisions and share results .
training and continuing education – we are committed to education and career development , through our overaa continuous improvement program .
overaa has had the good fortune over the years to succeed and thrive in our community . we are dedicated to giving back to the community and the environment . for example , overaa employees have been the # 1 sponsor for multiple sclerosis society . overaa sponsors an amazing program called making waves – a tutoring program serving disadvantaged richmond youth .
these three building projects and three others created or kept alive some 175 jobs in construction , materials and services , the lab said .
overaa ' s contract with dublin san ramon services district contained provisions making overaa responsible for all work safety at the site , including work by subcontractors , and specifically for excavation safety . 5 overaa designated its superintendent , robert burke , as the “competent person” ( tit . 8 , § 1504 ( a ) ) 6 to supervise work safety .
it was a pleasure to work with overaa construction company who placed their reputation ahead of the extra fee they could have earned on unsolicited change orders . i would be pleased to work with overaa at any time in the future and would be happy to recommend them to anyone looking for an experienced and professional contractor who is honest and who takes pride in their work .
overaa construction , founded in 1907 , continues today as a family - owned and operated general contractor . headquartered in the east bay , we conduct operations throughout northern california . a well - established , dynamic and growing firm , we are consistently recognized as a leading general contractor . overaa’s history includes noteworthy projects for the public and private sectors - many are repeat clients .
overaa employs full time safety trained supervisors ( sts - c ) who are certified by osha to conduct safety training .
overaa has received the cea president ' s safety award and excellent in safety award for several years in a row .
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plumbing for interior tenant improvement of existing building . removal of existing sort equipment and construction of 19 , 000sqft of office and warehouse space .
mechanical for interior tenant improvement of existing building . removal of existing sort equipment and construction of 19 , 000sqft of office and warehouse space .
overaa ' s reply brief argues that , because the board excluded the existence of such a defense , there is no basis for any conclusion whether the evidence in this record would or would not support such a defense . however , as we have explained , overaa overstates the board ' s holding , and overaa had the opportunity to put on any evidence it had of reasonable diligence , which would have been a statutory defense to the serious violation with which overaa was charged .
in this case involving california ' s occupational safety and health act ( labor code , § 6300 et seq . ( cal / osha ) ; cal . code regs . , tit . 8 , § 330 et seq . 1 ) , appellant overaa construction ( also known as c . overaa & co . 2 ) appeals from the trial court ' s denial of a petition for writ of administrative mandamus ( code civ . proc . , § 1094 . 5 ) , in which overaa sought annulment of an administrative decision penalizing overaa , as “controlling employer” at a multiemployer construction site ( § 6400 ; tit . 8 , § 336 . 10 ) , for a violation of a cal / osha safety regulation requiring a protective system for excavations deeper than five feet .
even though the division was not required to prove lack of diligence and overaa failed to raise diligence as a defense , overaa in the “conclusion” of its appellate brief asks this court either to find that overaa acted with due diligence or to remand for additional fact - finding by the board . even if we were to entertain an argument improperly presented in the conclusion of a brief ( cal . rules of court , rule 8 . 204 ) , overaa ' s argument clearly lacks merit .
experience – five years increasingly responsible recent experience in accounting positions in the construction industry ; two years experience as project accountant for a general contractor .
overaa is not bureaucratic with layer after layer of management . at overaa , every team member is empowered to make decisions and share the results . we are
hands - on
builders and use our front line expertise to inform every decision .
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headquartered in the east bay , overaa has offices in richmond , oakland and san jose . we conduct operations throughout northern california .
as we discuss post , the administrative record in this case clearly shows a lack of due diligence by overaa . but setting that point aside for the moment , we shall explain that overaa misstates the issue and reads too much into the board ' s decision .
electrical for interior tenant improvement of existing building . removal of existing sort equipment and construction of 19 , 000sqft of office and warehouse space . includes 400 service
on appeal , overaa does not dispute that the depth of the excavation was five feet , six inches . nor could overaa legitimately do so , since substantial evidence supports this finding by the alj , and the alj ' s finding is conclusive ( § 6630 ) .
primary treatment facility package 2 project . construction includes new headworks and primary treatment facilities , a new switchgear building and standby generator , ancillary facilities and lighting at the sunnyvale water pollution control plant . this project also includes the construction of the first phase of a flood wall that will ultimately surround and protect the plant fac
by the time the court of appeals ruled on overaa the composition of the appeals board had changed . the management chair had been filled by the schwarzenneger administration with a corporate safety director from ups and a retired republican assemblyman was appointed to fill the general public position . the labor seat had become ( and remains ) vacant . within weeks of the overaa decision , the new board issued its decision after reconsideration in harris construction .
c overaa & co bayview engineering & construction a joint venture currently holds license 988761 , 1013923 , 106793 , 1030414 , 929063 , 991613 , 993348 , 948452 , 489980 , 649191 ( general engineering contractor , general building contractor , electrical , solar ) , which was active when we last checked .
overaa has a history of long - term , committed employment , as evidenced by our average length of employment - 11 years . by effectively upholding the business family structure , overaa gained a priceless attribute from our very own employees - loyalty . almost half of our staff are lifelong employees . our company t - shirts speak to the core of overaa culture :
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.
when i first met jerry in 2002 as the newly arrived cm department head at cal poly , i remember leaving the meeting and saying to my colleague , ‘there is a true construction professional . ’ since that time , jerry has continued to be the most direct , most supportive , and most trusted advisor with whom i have worked . his generous financial support has helped make the new construction management building at cal poly a reality and that support will be recognized through the naming of the “overaa and watry fundamentals of construction management lab” . we look forward to many more years of partnership between jerry and cal poly .
education : m . s . in civil engineering and construction engineering from stanford university . b . s . from u . c . davis in civil engineering .
overaa alternatively argues we should remand to the board for further fact - finding . however , overaa is not entitled to a second chance after failing to avail itself of the opportunity to assert diligence as a defense to being cited for a “serious” violation ( § 6432 ) .
overaa filed with the board a petition for reconsideration , arguing overaa was not aware of the violation , did not create or subject its own employees to the hazard , was required as controlling employer merely to act reasonably , had acted reasonably by continuously evaluating cra - tek ' s operations and ensuring that cra - tek conducted daily inspections of the trench . overaa also argued the trench was less than five feet deep .
overaa construction is an equal opportunity employer and is strongly committed to implementing its equal employment opportunity / affirmative action policies . we will not discriminate against any person on the basis of ancestry , marital status , race , religion , color , national origin , sexual orientation , gender , disability or medical condition .
largest construction projects in the east bay 2008 bart west dublin / west pleasanton station , uc berkeley underhill design build parking facility and athletic turf , berkeley , ca .
billions of dollars worth of construction projects are underway in the bay area , and many of the largest and highest - profile are due to wrap up in 2017 .
if your a union carpenter or laborer in the bay area overaa is the place they all want to work at . best of the best !
each overaa project is managed from a jobsite office . to reach a specific jobsite , please contact our main office ( 510 234 - 0926 . )
we highly recommend c . overaa and company for any project , particularly ones with complex design - they are definitely able to take on the challenge .
overaa is a member of gold shovel award program , a program to empower field teams to operate safely , and protect excavation crews and the public .
overaa protested the citation by filing an “appeal , ” which stated as specific grounds for the appeal that ( 1 ) the safety order was not violated , and ( 2 ) the “serious” classification was incorrect . where the appeal form stated , “explain any other reasons for appeal or issues to be raised on appeal . affirmative defenses must be specifically stated , ” overaa responded , “general contractor [ overaa ] was not aware of the unprotected excavation . ” 11
the overaa continuous improvement ( oci ) program underpins the company philosophy of individual growth and continuous learning . the goal of the oci training is to enhance and strengthen individual skills , train future leaders , foster teamwork and improve the operations processes of our organization , so that we can continue to successfully compete in an increasingly complex construction market .
however , none of the authorities cited by overaa compels the conclusion that the division has the burden of proving an employer ' s lack of reasonable diligence .
“overaa construction contends the actions and opinions of mr . burke , even if considered to be incorrect , were reasonable ; that mr . burke exercised reasonable care in his evaluation of the excavation condition ; that he acted ‘as might reasonably be expected of a person of ordinary prudence who desired to obey the law . ’ [ citation . ] ”
the harris decision was confirmed and further explained by the appeals board in hearn construction inc . cal / osha app . 02 - 3533 / 3536 ( september , 2008 ) ; 2008 ca
overaa had 14 tough employees who participated in the tough mudder run in lake tahoe last weekend . the 10 mile race took place at northstar resort . . .
our conclusions ( that overaa failed to assert diligence at the administrative level and overstates the board ' s decision ) render it unnecessary for us to address overaa ' s arguments that the board improperly imposes a strict liability standard on general contractors , which is contrary to the legislative intent and could result in a less safe workplace .
overaa construction , founded in 1907 , continues today as a 4th generation , family - owned and operated general contractor . headquartered in the east bay , the company conducts operations throughout northern california and is currently building the stanford linear accelerator user support building in menlo park , the moraga country club , and the us army reserve training center in concord , ca .
advanced technology - a wide variety of technology solutions are used at overaa : bim , web - based preconstruction process , a fully integrated accounting and project management system .
3 . we allowed the filing of amicus curiae briefs by associated general contractors of california and by construction employers association ( both in support of overaa ) and a joint brief by asian law caucus , centro legal de la raza , la raza centro legal , and the legal aid society - employment law center ( in support of the appeals board and division ) .
carl overaa , vice president of business development and 4th generation owner of overaa , is in charge of all business development outreach for the company , including project procurement and preconstruction services . under carl’s direction , overaa implemented the design build process , securing their largest design build contract ( at that time ) in the firm’s history – the award - winning mission bay block 27 parking structure in san francisco . carl formulates the design build entity for technically challenging and innovative projects . carl is responsible for acquiring a significant portion of the firm’s annual volume . his construction philosophy is based on maintaining the firm’s integrity in the industry as the primary source of referrals and repeat customers . he is dedicated to assuring client satisfaction during all phases of construction delivery . carl has an m . b . a . from the university of san francisco and a b . a . from university of california , santa barbara .
dodge planroom provides a single , secure location for contractors and sub - contractors to share and manage plans , specifications , and other construction documentation and information from the bid phase through to project completion .
in california , any remodeling or construction project that exceeds $ 500 ( labor and materials ) , requires a contractor to have an active license with the california contractor state license board ( cslb ) .
what does it take to become a project engineer , project manager , carpenter or laborer ? overaa ' s courtney haas , jafet cordova and lynn bass met . . .
this is a tremendous accomplishment when you consider how much work overaa self - performs each year . it is not unusual for overaa to self - perform in excess of 100 , 000 manhours of work on a single significant project or to self - perform as much as 700 , 000 manhours company - wide over the course of a year .
at overaa , we realize that as a recognized leader by government and industry professionals , we can ' t rest on our laurels . we vow to commit to the safety and well - being of each employee at every step of the construction process . this means that each and every day , we strive to actively improve , inspire , and look out for one another .
ility from future flood events along with habitat mitigation to the north of the plant . at any given time , overaa has 70 workers on site and is working with companies like
we use construction jobsite survey reports ( cjsr ) with iaudit to share instant feedback accross jobsites . we have found that this results in friendly rivalry across teams and inspires immediate action among teams to focus on safety .
overaa is a national safety council member , a nonprofit program to eliminate preventable deaths at work , in homes and communities and on the road through leadership , education , and advocacy .
we encourage bids from all subcontractors / suppliers including dvbe / dbe / mbe / wbe bidders . we are an equal opportunity employer . we offer to assist you with bonding , credit , and insurance . subcontractors will be required to sign the overaa standard subcontract agreement , which includes the right for overaa to require subcontractors to furnish a faithful performance and labor bond , in a form and from a surety acceptable to overaa , in the amount of 100 % of the subcontract price . subcontractors will be required to comply with all subcontract insurance requirements , which includes providing a waiver of subrogation endorsement to their workers compensation insurance . the overaa standard subcontract agreement is available for viewing by clicking on the link in the sidebar to the left .
overaa construction , headquartered in richmond , ca with offices in oakland and san jose , is seeking energetic people to join our team . we serve northern california , with most of our projects located within the nine san francisco bay area counties ( alameda , contra costa , marin , napa , san francisco , san mateo , santa clara , solano , and sonoma ) , and the sacramento metropolitan area .
partnering with california ' s division of occupational safety and health ( cal / osha ) in the voluntary protection program ( vpp ) has helped overaa achieve a safety track record worth celebrating .
16 . overaa does not show how the board ' s decision overturns its past precedents . overaa says that , before legislative adoption of the current multiemployer policy in the labor code , the board consistently held citations were to be issued only to those employers whose own employees were exposed to an unsafe condition . thus , the board decision at issue here does not overturn past precedents but merely applies current law . overaa also says the board has historically declined to impose strict liability on employers . however , the board decision at issue here does not impose strict liability .
the california court of appeals upheld cal / osha’s enforcement of section 336 . 10 ( c ) in overaa construction v . california occupational safety and health appeals board , ( 2007 ) 147 cal . app . 4th 235 . the court left it to oshab to further define “controlling employer” liability and , most importantly , to determine in later decisions whether a showing of “due diligence” constitutes a defense to a violation .
on a busy campus it is always a bit of a challenge to balance the needs of a major construction effort with the needs of the campus community but i was very pleased with both overaa’s sensitivity to client interface and your flexibility with dealing with the unexpected . i feel that though not a formally partnered project , the relationship overaa’s team built during the effort resulted in a cooperative and mutually productive project environment . as a result , though , like every project , there were issues to work though all of these were successfully addressed and the project opened on time , in budget and ready for students .
overaa filed in the trial court a petition for a writ of administrative mandamus . after consideration of briefs , declarations , and oral argument , the trial court initially indicated it would remand to the board to clarify whether the board decided the affirmative defense of due diligence . thereafter , the court reexamined the board ' s decision and concluded the board ' s decision did not contain any determination precluding overaa from raising an affirmative defense to a citation holding overaa responsible as a controlling employer for a safety order violation . therefore , concluded the trial court , remand was not necessary .
a rarity among large commerical contractors , overaa is a self - performing builder . that means we draw upon our knowledge and experience to inform every decision – from designing concrete formwork to scheduling .
we ' ve been in business for over 100 years . we owe that to our greatest strength : our people . when you work at overaa , you become part of our business family .
smartmarket reports provide research on emerging trends that are impacting and transforming the construction and building industry . stay up - to - date on topics including risk management , building information modeling , world green building trends , and safety advancements .
the vpp program allows cal / osha to focus its programmed inspection efforts on other work sites . fatal work injuries in the private construction sector declined by 10 % from 2009 - 2010 and are down nearly 40 % since 2006 . economic conditions and fewer work hours explain much of this decline . however , even with lower fatal injury totals in 2010 , construction accounted for more fatal work injuries than any other industry , according to the bureau of labor statistics .
“overaa construction submits that the substantial evidence in this case establishes that mr . burke had addressed the need for protection of excavations with cra - tek company ' s general foreman on more than one occasion , that neither mr . burke nor mr . holderby , both of whom were experienced in such work and both of whom observed the excavation in question on a daily basis , concluded that particular excavation was in need of protection .
overaa ' s in - house program , overaa continuous improvement ( oci , ) addresses safety training for project management , superintendents , forepersons and craft personnel . it is provided on site and at headquarters training facilities by our safety personnel or outside experts . topics are tailored to cal / osha regulations , job site task , client requirements and related tasks . ( instruction is also available in spanish )
largest construction projects in the bay area 2008 : bart west dublin / west pleasanton station , pleasanton , ca ; pleasant hill bart garage expansion , pleasant hill , ca ; uc berkeley underhill design build parking structure , berkeley , ca .
tenant improvement oxidizer room 300sf not an h occupancy not a contro ; area not an h occupancy not a contro ; area . one - hour construction for future use . no required rated shafts at this time see note about note above
companies that have received the recognition of vpp all have something in common - they stress teamwork ,
says tim fitzpatrick , overaa safety director .
across the country there is a relationship between teamwork and safety . companies that stress teamwork often have good safety records . all overaa employees consider themselves a member of the vpp team , and that ' s important for motivating people to act .
no parallel provision addresses employer diligence in the context of a general ( as opposed to serious ) violation . overaa offers no reason as to why the division should have a heavier burden in proving a general violation than it has in proving a serious violation . this case does not require us to decide whether diligence would constitute an affirmative defense to a general violation , because overaa did not adequately raise the issue , overaa had opportunity to produce evidence of diligence as a defense to being cited for a serious violation , and the evidence here clearly shows an absence of diligence , as we discuss post . 18
since overaa did not assert diligence as a defense in this case , we need not decide whether an employer ' s reasonable diligence constitutes an affirmative defense to a general violation of cal / osha . 19
11 . although section 6432 ( fn . 9 , ante ) makes an employer ' s reasonable diligence an affirmative defense to a “serious violation , ” overaa did not assert that it exercised reasonable diligence .
cirtn was founded in 1995 by david lindstrom and several other construction industry training directors . until that time there was really no organization that served the needs of the growing number of construction companies that were sponsoring training within their company . that initial meeting established the name of the organization , and the basic principles that have guided the organization for more than 20 years . listed below are the meetings that have been held since that date , the location , and the host individual and company .
on october 19 , 2005 , judgment was entered , denying overaa ' s petition for writ of mandate . the judgment said substantial evidence supported the board decision , and the board acted within its authority and discretion . the judgment further stated ( 1 ) the board reasonably determined the division did not have to demonstrate overaa ' s lack of knowledge of the violation or lack of due diligence in discovering the violation in order to make a prima facie case ; ( 2 ) the board did not determine and had no occasion to determine whether diligence could be asserted as an affirmative defense , because overaa did not properly raise it at the administrative level ; ( 3 ) although the board ' s decision was ambiguously worded in places , in context it merely addressed the division ' s prima facie showing , not any affirmative defense ; and ( 4 ) had overaa raised the defense , it would have failed in light of the evidence in the administrative record establishing that overaa should have known of the violation in the exercise of due diligence .
in a written decision in august 2002 , the alj rejected overaa ' s appeal . the alj expressly found cooper ' s testimony more credible than that of burke and holderby regarding cooper ' s actions . the alj also noted board precedent ( dalton construction company , cal / osha app . 83 - 717 , decision after reconsideration ( 1986 ) ) required depth to be measured from the top of the surface slab . however , the alj reduced the classification of overaa ' s violation from “serious” to “general , ” because the division failed to prove a substantial probability of serious physical harm or death . the alj assessed a civil penalty of $ 205 . 13
overaa ' s headquarters are centrally located 20 miles from san francisco , in richmond , california with additional offices in san jose and oakland . we perform 90 % of our work within the greater bay area .
like best about job : i get energized by the people . in construction , there’s a certain down - to - earth - ness , a certain sincerity ; the people are real . getting to doing something with people you trust and like .
the first decision after reconsideration issued by this board on the question of “controlling” employer liability was overaa , supra . there , the general contractor’s safety consultant aggressively walked the job to look for , and order correction of , safety hazards . a cal / osha inspector , however , found that an unshored trench was six inches too deep at one end and issued citations classified as serious to the subcontractor as both the “creating” and the “exposing” employer , and to overaa as the “controlling” employer . the board’s decision upholding the citation against overaa strongly implied that a “controlling” employer’s liability for the errors of a creating or exposing employer is strict .
we use construction jobsite survey reports ( cjsr ) . safety engineers inspect each jobsite and upload cjsr feedback instantaneously using iaudit . we have found that this sharing platform increases safety awareness , inspires immediate corrective action , and shares knowledge across crews and jobsites .
overaa and its amici curiae argue that subsequent cal / osha decisions cite this precedential overaa board decision as broad authority for the proposition that the controlling employer ' s reasonable diligence is immaterial . however , no other case is before us in this appeal . moreover , as the parties acknowledge , one of the cited cal / osha cases is currently being litigated in court , and another was an alj decision for which the board ordered reconsideration .
overaa claims the issue on appeal is whether a general contractor , as a controlling employer , can be cited under cal / osha for a general violation which was not created by and did not affect employees of the general contractor , regardless of and notwithstanding the general contractor ' s exercise of due diligence . overaa claims the board so held in this case , overturning its own past precedents , 16 and such a holding imposes strict liability on general contractors .
we shall conclude that overaa fails to show grounds for reversal because ( 1 ) the board properly held that the division did not bear the burden of proving , as an element of a prima facie case of a “general violation , ” that the employer knew , or in exercising reasonable diligence should have known , of the violation ; ( 2 ) the board was not called upon to decide whether reasonable diligence could be raised as an affirmative defense to a general violation , because overaa did not tender it ( despite incentive and opportunity to do so in response to being cited for a “serious violation” ) ; and ( 3 ) the record demonstrates a lack of reasonable diligence by overaa . 4
our construction project came in exactly on time and slightly under budget – a feat that would not have been possible without your skills and leadership . at every step along the way we have been so impressed by you , your staff and the many subcontractors on the project .
when it comes to major construction work or even minor alterations to your home , hiring the wrong contractor could result in incomplete or defective work . you may even find yourself dealing with huge liability claims . buildzoom does the homework for you and helps you hire the right contractor .
the california voluntary protection program is a labor - management - government cooperative program designed to recognize workplaces with outstanding health and safety management systems for protection of workers and go beyond minimal compliance with the cal / osha title 8 standards . currently , nineteen california construction companies are active participants in vpp . the design and performance of each firm ' s health and safety programs undergo intense scrutiny by cal / osha before being invited into the program . overaa was the 11th contractor in the state to be accepted into the program .
at overaa , we take our work seriously . but that doesn ' t mean we don ' t take play seriously as well ! in either case , we ' re not afraid to get a little dirty to get the job done .
there were approximately 30 construction workers on the all - union project in late july , including carpenters , operating engineers , laborers , sprinklerfitters , ironworkers , and electrical workers . subcontractors include western erectors and henderson for the steel and iron work , bci for concrete , norm’s drywall , broadway mechanical for hvac work and scott electric . vasquez said work on the stucco and rain screen exterior would begin this fall . construction will be completed next summer , he said , in time for school staff and contractors to stock the school with books , computers , desks and office supplies .
i want to take this opportunity to let you know that this project could not have been successfully completed without the care , guidance and determination of your project team . the team’s greatest skill is being excellent and effective communicators with a very collegial approach to problem solving . the project had challenges , including dealing with difficult sub - contractors in a less than favorable economic environment , demanding campus staff , sensitive neighbors and continual changes to the building elements . the overaa team was successful at meeting these challenges by listening to each issue and when there was a disagreement , articulate overaa’s position in a casual , non - threatening way . the overaa team’s approach enabled the issues to be successfully negotiated and resolved in a professional and positive manner . i want to stress that many issues were extremely complicated and solutions were not straightforward . the overaa team took the time to understand the issues and developed options for our consideration , including identifying their relative advantages and disadvantages and of course their cost .
the school’s location on a hillside at the top of silver avenue offers unobstructed views of the bay , but also poses challenges for the construction with its 75 - foot drop from the school site to the street at the front entrance , said sfusd’s project manager alberto vasquez . he noted that construction of a new school is a different process than renovating an existing one , including making sure the school is accessible . the two - story school will be 100 percent ada - compliant from the beginning , he said . it will include three elevators , installed by union contractor ascent .
in many respects city hall became a working laboratory for resolving site and project issues , and overaa ' s diligence in tackling these issues , combined with their pride in workmanship , set a standard for the other project team members to follow .
cooper testified to his opinion that overaa should be cited as controlling employer “ [ b ] ecause they didn ' t exercise control and due diligence really in having the subcontractor protect its employees by , you know , putting in a protective ( inaudible ) . ” cooper added that overaa had the responsibility to oversee the excavation and authority to direct subcontractors on safety matters , by contract and by actual practice , and a competent person would have checked the excavation daily , particularly because of the rainy weather .
vpp - c is designed to recognize safety and health systems that effectively prevent and control occupational hazards . these systems for protection of workers go above and beyond minimal compliance with cal / osha title 8 standards . rather than a punitive enforcement approach , this program is designed to be positive and collaborative using the best practices of overaa and cal / osha on a specific jobsite . the vpp - c program was used on the sacramento water treatment plants project , for example , for which overaa performed 363 , 367 manhours .
the second phase of the seismic upgrade will be completed next summer . pam welty , construction manager for swinerton management & consulting , said the project is on schedule to be completed before the start of the 2015 school year . the district recently put out a request for bids for computer lab renovation at lowell .
that the subcontractor ( cra - tek ) also believed the excavation was less than five feet does not help overaa . holderby testified he measured from the bottom of the concrete slab . the alj noted it has been established since at least 1986 by cal / osha precedential decision that excavations are to be measured from the top of the surface to the bottom of the excavation . moreover , overaa could not reasonably rely on cra - tek ' s measurement , because the evidence showed burke and holderby frequently “butted heads” over safety issues .
moreover , overaa ' s argument is not persuasive . depth is not a matter of opinion . overaa ' s suggestion that it could rely on the measurement taken by the subcontractor suffers from several additional defects , e . g . , there is no evidence that burke relied upon holderby ' s measurement , nor is there evidence such reliance would be reasonable . to the contrary , any such reliance would be unreasonable because holderby testified that , throughout the course of the project , he and burke had “butted heads” numerous times over osha requirements .
president’s safety award 2013 , 2012 , 2010 . to qualify , recipients must have a total incidence rate at least 50 % below industry average ; a lost workday incident rate at least 50 % below industry average ; an x - mod no higher than . 70 ; and qualified for cal / osha’s voluntary protection program - construction .
what does it take to become a project engineer , project manager , carpenter or laborer ? overaa ' s courtney haas , jafet cordova and lynn bass met with 40 girls from area middles schools to share their stories at rosie ' s girls career day at kennedy high in richmond .
board decisions following overaa confirmed employers’ fears that section 336 . 10 ( c ) would be applied strictly against “controlling” employers , and removed any hope that a general contractor ' s good faith efforts toward safety would be rewarded by either dismissal of the citation or reduction of its classification .
4 . as we discuss post , section 6432 expressly makes reasonable diligence an affirmative defense to a “serious violation , ” but there is no similar provision for “general violations . ” here , the division cited overaa for a serious violation . thus , overaa had incentive and opportunity to assert reasonable diligence as a defense , but instead merely asserted it did not know of the violation . the administrative law judge ( alj ) found a violation but reduced it to a “general” violation for lack of evidence of substantial probability of serious physical harm or death in the event of an accident .
the only issue before the board , hence the only issue decided by the board , was whether the division had the burden to prove lack of reasonable diligence by overaa as an essential element of the division ' s prima facie case in order to establish a general violation of cal / osha .
in our commercial real estate quarterly publication this week , we looked at the
class of 2017 ,
the significant bay area real estate developments that will finish construction this year . beyond housing and office , they include major retail , industrial , medical and transportation projects . dive into our map above for a look at the projects landing in our region .
assist project manager and superintendent with the planning and management of projects including preconstruction activities , scheduling , estimating , cost control , documentation control , jobsite production , and customer relations . project engineers are responsible for helping deliver successful projects from preconstruction through final completion within the context of overaa’s company culture and values .
the proposed regulation has been available for review for some time , and two stakeholder group meetings have been held to explain its purposes and to gain in - put . on the management side , the regulation is supported by the associated general contractors of california and trade groups of wood frame construction contractors and specialty contractors , whose representatives were instrumental in writing the proposal .