in islam , marriage is a legal contract between two people .

both the groom and the bride are to consent to the marriage of their own free wills .

a formal , binding contract is considered integral to a religiously valid islamic marriage , and outlines the rights and responsibilities of the groom and bride .

there must be two muslim witnesses of the marriage contract .

divorce in islam can take a variety of forms , some initiated by the husband and some initiated by the wife .

in addition to the usual marriage until death or divorce , there is a different fixed-term marriage known as zawāj al-mutʻah ( " pleasure marriage " ) permitted only by the twelver branch of shia islam for a pre-fixed period .

there is also nikah misyar , a non-temporary marriage with the removal of some conditions such as living together , permitted by sunni muslims .

marriage in islam

marriage in islam in islam , marriage is a . . . - الزواج والطلاق marriage & divorce | فيسبوك
marriage in islam interest in islam , . . . - al - iklas nasiha room | facebook
this article discusses cousin marriage in islam , and the health - risks involved in such practices .
is using quora haram in islam ? i hear that singing , dancing even playing chess is haram in islam .
marriage in islam is a sign of god’s power and glory . the qur’ãn says :
in islam , the ideal marriage is the monogamous form of marriage . limited polygyny is a provision approved by islam for exceptional circumstances only ; and that also with many stringent conditions . 2
all forms of temporary marriage are forbidden in islam . if anything stated in the offer and acceptance indicates a temporary nature , the marriage is not valid .
islam gives utmost importance to marriages . marriage is the most basic remedy for sexual appetite .
as - salamu alaykum . how should one marry in islam in the halal way ?
female scholars of islam have decreed that child marriage should be banned after a rare congress held in indonesia .
teacher , law . ( november 2013 ) . marriage and divorce laws in islam and christianity . retrieved from urltoken
english convert to islam , ruqaiyyah waris maqsood , is the author of over thirty books on islam and other subjects .
marriage is more likely to succeed when the two parties did not fall in love before marriage .
islam has laid down several conditions for the validity of the marriage contract . they are as follows :
official marriages and divorces are valid . however , for an official marriage to be valid , it is necessary for the marriage to have the conditions that islam demands for the marriage .
the qur ' an encourages marriage but does not prohibit a relationship before marriage with a potential marriage partner . part of verse
in islam divorce ( talak ) is one of the least halal things . islam told to imply it in such condition where you can ' t stay with your wife because of her bad habits , disobeying islam etc . .
it has been widely held up as a model for europe in dealing with islam .
a marriage with a woman undergoing iddat of her previous marriage is irregular but not void .
among the beauties of islam is that you can make duaa for your brothers and sisters in islam without them knowing . and in return , the angels make duaa for you
compiled below are some useful links about dating in islam and all questions related to it .
~ the prophets marriage to khadija was a love marriage . meeting the opposite sex for a valid reason is allowed in islam , ( doctor patient , teacher pupil etc ) getting to know someone for marriage is a valid reason .
in islam , marriage holds immense importance and has been given a sacred stature . every muslim man and woman are ordered to make the most of their marriage and cherish their partners for as long as they live . however , islam also prohibits the delay in this auspicious bond .
in spite of its emphasis on marriage and its preservation , however , islam does not rule out dissolution of marriage as a last resort for estranged couples . describing divorce as the most detestable among the permissible acts , [ 6 ] islam gives both the partners the right to terminate their marriage contract if they fail to fulfill the primary objectives of marriage .
polygamy was customary before islam and was not abrogated with the coming of islam ; instead , islam has corrected and set various conditions for the practice . the principle was permitted , but polygamy was limited to four wives .
therefore , in the above situations we find that islam promotes love and compatibility between husband and wife and recognizes that these are vital ingredients in a successful marriage .
either way , forcing you into marriage is haraam and without your consent marriage is not valid .
“ marriage , ziwaj ; zija - t ; nikah . – ( demand in marriage ) . ” [ 12 ]
these are the impediments which make the marriage void ab - initio and the marriage is not allowed in any case .
each other . arranged marriages and similar traditions are not caused so much by islam but specific cultures that have adopted islam as their religion throughout the history .
marriage and divorce laws in islam and christianity .
lawteacher . net . 11 2013 . all answers ltd . 07 2018 < urltoken > .
lawteacher . marriage and divorce laws in islam and christianity [ internet ] . november 2013 . [ accessed 9 july 2018 ] ; available from : urltoken
other translation : marriage prohibition because of milk relationship is similar to marriage prohibition because of blood relationship .
that her father gave her in marriage when she was a matron and she disliked that marriage . so she went to allah ' s apostle and he declared that marriage invalid .
all three pillars must be in place . the lack of any of these pillars renders the marriage invalid islamically , and another marriage contract is required for the marriage to continue .
broadly , islam has five categories of do ' s and dont ' s .
islam , unlike other religions is a strong advocate of marriage . there is no place for celibacy like , for example the roman catholic priests and nuns . the prophet ( pbuh ) has said
there is no celibacy in islam .
marriage ( nikaah ) is a solemn and sacred social contract between the bride and groom , and it is considered a great act of worship in islam .
all answers ltd , ' marriage and divorce laws in islam and christianity ' ( lawteacher . net , july 2018 ) < urltoken > accessed 9 july 2018
lawteacher . november 2013 . marriage and divorce laws in islam and christianity . [ online ] . available from : urltoken [ accessed 9 july 2018 ] .
allah ' s messenger ( saws ) said ,
a woman may not give a woman in marriage , nor may she give herself in marriage , for the immoral woman is the one who gives herself in marriage .
nevertheless , the status of women in premodern islam in general conformed not to quranic ideals but to prevailing patriarchal cultural norms . as a result , improvement of the status of women became a major issue in modern , reformist islam .
assalamu alaikum first of all , you are already on the right path as you have realised that sexual intercourse before marriage is zina in islam . however , people forget that it is zina and an offence not only in islam but also in christianity , judaism and many other religions .
it is obvious that these are all ingredients that make for a successful partnership . marriage in islam is above all a partnership based on equality of partners and specification of roles . lack of mercy in a marriage , or in a family , renders it in islamic terms dysfunctional .
another principle in issuing a fatwā the mufti must seek the easiest way that people can apply , which is acceptable in islam .
marriage and divorce laws in islam and christianity .
lawteacher . lawteacher . net , november 2013 . web . 9 july 2018 . < urltoken > .
marriage in islam is a contract . thus , as in any contract in islam , there are elements which are considered essential to its existence , called arkan , the possibility of stipulations of different kinds , legal effects of the contract , etc . each of these should be understood properly in order to ensure that the marriage has been performed in the proper manner and the rightful effects of the marriage are granted to each of the participating partners .
these three types of female relatives are forbidden in marriage in order that peaceful relationships may be maintained among the in laws .
h ajj : literally means
pilgrimage
. in islam it refers to the annual pilgrimage to makkah .
marriage is one of the strongest relationships which islam stresses , encourages and considers as one of the prophets’ practices . ( see page 202 )
in islam , it is believed that married life should be filled with mercy , compassion , and tranquility . marriage is a great blessing . each partner in the marriage has certain rights and responsibilities , which are to be fulfilled in a loving way in the best interests of the family .
nikah [ n . ] marriage ( also marriage cost ] ( 24 : 33 ) … let those who are unable to afford marriage keep chaste . [ 20 ]
if any woman marries without the permission of her guardian , then her marriage is void , then her marriage is void , then her marriage is void .
( quoted from islam the natural way by abdul wahid hamid , p . 66 )
i don’t know much about islam , so i might ge into trouble over this .
let us now analyze why islam allows a man to have more than one wife .
islam rarely permits abortion after 120 days . this foetus is about 112 days old ©
islam does not permit abortion where an unwanted pregnancy is the result of unforced adultery .
it ' s far easier to act as if critics of islam have a problem with muslims as people than it is to accept the uncomfortable truth that islam is different .
‘aqada en - nikah ( the priest ) tied the marriage knot , solemnized the marriage . ” [ 11 ]
the husband must honour the marriage contract and fulfil the conditions stipulated in it .
in temporary impediment , the off - spring of marriage can acknowledged as legitimate .
offer and proposal : the wali offers the bride in marriage to the groom .
this article is a bit hypocritical and slightly out of islamic context at some places . islam encourages ' arranged marriages ' and discourages all other type of marriages whether it be forced marriage / love marriage / secret marriage . male / female in islam are allowed to say ' no ' to an arranged marriage on the basis of wealth , beauty , deeds e . t . c but not for another man / woman as often is the case nowadays . islam strictly prohibits relationships between a man and woman and does not allow flexibility in this regard because it brings immorality in the society . this article is highlighting the flexibility prohibited in islam . islam does not allow man and woman to sit in each others company without the presence of a mahram and you aint falling in love with a person without getting to know which can only happen after marriage in islam . so please have a balanced approach , discourage forced marriages but at the same time also discourage love / secret marriages .
deliberations in a session with young diplomats from india , exploring the role of islam in affairs of the state , . . . read more
@ mezhang , yeah , it ' s not permissible unless the christian converts to islam .
one common criticism of islam is the marriage of muhammad to young aisha bint abu bakr . tradition tells us that muhammad signed a marriage contract with aisha when she was six years old and consummated the marriage when she was nine . although islamic scholars claim that islam allows marriage only to girls who have entered puberty and have monthly cycles , and thus muhammad only consummated his marriage with aisha because she had begun her regular cycles , the qur ' an seems to suggest something different .
since 9 / 11 , we have observed that certain groups have tried to capitalize on that tragedy by attacking islam from all sides . unfortunately , even some christian tv channels have joined in this islam - bashing and are trying to tarnish the image of islam and the prophet muhammad ( peace be upon him and his progeny ) . one of the most common themes in their attack against islam is on the prophet muhammad’s many wives . we wish first to discuss the concept of polygamy in islam followed by the marriages of the prophet .
extremism is described in islam by two words : ghuluw – extremism , extravagance , immoderation , and tatarraf – radicalism .
most muslim scholars would say that a foetus in the womb is recognised and protected by islam as a human life .
237 – rule : there must not be any other obstacle in the marriage . bklms
the custom must have been in existence and known before the marriage contract took place .
such should not be surprising in view of a forerunner movement , same sex marriage .
at the basic / ideal level , marriage in islam allows a man or a woman to have a companion in life , satisfy their sexual needs , and raise the next generation of muslims in a nurturing and loving home environment .
in re yesterday i was reading a textbook ( which tbh didnt look very correct ) but it said in islam husband and wife are equal .
26 . g . a . parwez , islam : a challenge to religion , p . 346 ( lahore : idara - e - tulu ' - e - islam , 1986 ) .
if the legal dimension of the sharia gives islam its form , the spiritual dimension is its substance . the spiritual life of islam , and its goal , was outlined in the divine statement ( mentioned above ) .
– the fulani prefer first or second cousin marriage and specifically father’s brother’s daughter ( fbd ) marriage . they’re pastoralists . there are good chances i think that , like other groups elsewhere , the fulani adopted the fbd marriage of the arabs when they converted to islam ( starting in the 1400s ? ) , but perhaps they simply practice fbd marriage because they’re pastoralists .
is your marriage in trouble ? have the virtually endless fights and arguments led you to a dead end ? are you seeking a solution ? one option to save your marriage is to see a marriage counselor .
( iii ) if the father and the grandfather are not in any way willing to participate in the marriage .
marriage in islam video playlist , with shaykh faraz rabbani , habib hussein as - saqqaf , ustadha shireen ahmed , shaykh muhammad adeyinka mendes , habib umar bin hafidh and many others .
the objective and the goal of marriage in islam according to the quran verse is to enable us to dwell in peace and tranquility . it is important for us to reflect on these words and their significance .
bid’ah : literally means
innovation
. in islam it refers to introducing new things into religion which have no basis in the quran or sunnah , and in addition to this , to regard these new things as acts of ‘ibadah . a bid ' ah is a major sin in islam .
again , like all rights and obligations in islam ( in marriage and other areas ) , it is important that both parties understand them and exert their best efforts to apply them in the way that is pleasing to allah most high .
if the couple have participated in a civil marriage , the isc requires that they are divorced in both islamic and civil procedures . civil divorce cannot replace islamic divorce , just as civil marriage does not constitute an islamic nikah . marriage in islam is considered to be a civil contract with a strong religious element . the prophet ( saws ) said in his final sermon during the hajj :
this claim is a recurring one among critics of islam , so its foundation deserves close scrutiny .
there ' s disagreement within islam as to when this happens . the three main opinions are :
islam has forbidden the above 2 kinds of marriages in order to protect women from being exploited by men for ‘legal’ sex .
where the wife suffers physical , financial or emotional harm from the husband . any violence in the marriage is condemned by islam , and the council takes allegations of such violence very seriously .
muslim women , on the other hand , are forbidden to marry a non - muslim unless her partner converts to islam , say purists . some men nominally convert to islam in order to appease their partner ' s family .
has also been widely used in the authentic sunni collections for temporary marriage . of course ,
in permanent impediment , the off - spring of marriage can not be acknowledged as legitimate .
the marriage of muhammad and khadija was most successful . it was blessed with felicity unlimited for both husband and wife . khadija dedicated her life to the service of her husband and of islam . she spent all her vast wealth in strengthening islam , and on the welfare of the muslims .
in this article i will be referencing and quoting from numerous scholarly sources that will define the arabic word ‘nikah’ as meaning marriage , marriage contract , betrothal .
“ parallel cousin marriage [ like fbd marriage – h . chick ] was tolerated in a very few localities , but was nowhere a preferred form . “
as explained above , islam regards marriage as a right of the individual and therefore others cannot make the decision for them . if a woman / man is forced in marriage then the marriage would not be valid and would therefore need to be cancelled . however , daughters and sons should also recognize the rights of their parents and come to an agreed solution before the marriage takes place .
shirk : polytheism , the belief in the existence of partners with allah , ( which according to islam is not permitted ) .
53 . for example , a . a . maududi , human rights in islam ( lahore : islamic publications : 1977 ) .
good question . well , there certainly can be double - first cousin marriages in mbd societies , it’s just that the structure of mbd marriage doesn’t give the same push towards double - first cousin marriage as fbd marriage does .
the austrian parliament has passed controversial reforms to the country ' s century - old law on islam .
islam forbids the termination of a pregnancy after soul or ' ruh ' is given to the foetus .
“ nikah , a word which , in its literal sense signifies conjunction , but which in the language of the law implies the marriage contract . [ marriage . ] ” [ 3 ]
relations between men and women : islam requires that muslim men and women observe modesty in their interactions . muslim men and women should relate as brothers and sisters , and avoid any interaction that might lead to sexual or romantic activity prior to marriage . although this prohibition is often affected by westernized ideas , islam requires that both men and women remain chaste until marriage .
a valid islamic marriage requires mutual agreement , two adult witnesses and a marriage gift ( mahr ) to be paid by the groom to the bride . many muslim couples also have a marriage contract ( nikah ) in which they seek to agree the terms and conditions of their future together . these conditions are sufficient to create an islamic marriage in accordance with sharia law . however , if the marriage takes place in england , this will not constitute a valid marriage for the purposes of english law unless the marriage takes place at a registered mosque .
by stipulating the above - mentioned conditions for the validity of marriage , islam insists that a marriage should remain distinct from other loose and immoral lifestyles such as fornication and illicit affairs . hence , the prophet insisted on making marriages public .
“typically , both mutual consent and evidence of the mahr are expressed in the marriage contract , also known as nikah , the arabic term for marriage and the word generally used to refer to the marriage ceremony . ” [ 7 ]
falling in love is not a pre - condition for marriage in islam . however , for the purpose of selecting an appropriate mate , the would - be - spouses are allowed to see and / or talk to each other .
imamah : an arabic word with an english language suffix ( ate ) meaning leadership . its use in theology is confined to islam .
4 . thomas carlyle ,
the hero as prophet . mahomet : islam ,
in on heroes , hero - worship and the
answer : in the event that the remainder of the period of the temporary marriage was forgiven ( or given back to the wife ) , the permanent marriage is correct ; however in any other instance , you must have the permanent marriage contract recited again . agk
if this does not happen then those who forced the marriage and those who allowed it are both guilty and have committed a major sin . the following incident clarifies the position of forced marriages in islam ;
issue 2428 : if mahr is not fixed in a permanent marriage , the marriage is in order . and in such case , if the husband has sexual intercourse with the wife , he should pay her proper mahr which would be in accordance with the mahr usually paid to women of her category . as regards temporary marriage , however , if mahr is not fixed the marriage is void .
teach yourself islam ( teach yourself ) , ruqaiyyah waris maqsood , pub . teach yourself . isbn : 0340859687
by abolishing triple talaq , the supreme court of india will merely enforce quranic injunctions with regard to divorce as enshrined in the holy book of islam . when muslims cannot ensure for women the rights given to them in islam , a secular country is likely to do so .
to delay marriage in islam is prohibited . once the word is out and you know that the two are going to get married , delaying the process is sinful . it is extremely important for muslims to get the nikkah done when it is known that the man and woman are going to be spending their life together . the honorable mufti menk tells best how and why delaying marriage in islam is actually prohibited .
marriage was legislated for the preservation of lineage , and sex outside marriage was forbidden . punitive laws were put in placed in order to ensure the preservation of lineage and the continuation of human life .
marriage holds a position of perpetual significance because of the central role it plays in human life . it is not surprising , therefore , that the scholars of islam have discussed it extensively through the ages . under the contemporary influence of non - islamic cultures , however , misconceptions have crept into various areas of islam – spilling into marriage , divorce , and other family - related matters .
this question has always generated varying opinions among the scholars of islam and especially in our times when islam has become so weak in the earth and great numbers of muslims are living under non - islamic states and in non - islamic societies . the essential verses of quran which relate to this question are :
the hanafi , the shafi’i and the hanbali schools say : marriage during illness is similar to marriage during health in respect of each spouse inheriting from the other , irrespective of whether the marriage is consummated or not . in this context an ' ill person ' means one in his death - illness .
in that case the second marriage is annulled because it is invalid , and you have to complete the ‘iddah from the first marriage , then observe ‘iddah from the second marriage . then can you go back to your first husband or not ?
he said
when a man marries , he has fulfilled half of his religion , so let him fear allah regarding the remaining half .
this hadith is narrated by anas . islam greatly encourages marriage because it shields one from and upholds the family unit which islam places great importance .
the fact that divorce is permitted before consummation of the marriage or before stipulating the mahr indicates that it is permissible not to stipulate the mahr in the marriage - contract .
shahadah : martyrdom ; it also means testimony , declaration of faith . a person must recite the shahadah in arabic to convert to islam .
consequently , polygamy in islam is a very onerous and high - liability undertaking , something that most men are not competent enough to accomplish .
in the first era of islam marriage was a simple affair , without pomp or ceremony . any expenditure incurred in its performance was quite minimal , and not a burden on either family . indeed , the prophet stated : ' the most blessed marriage is one in which the marriage partners place the least burden on each other . ' ( al - haythami , kitab ab - nikah , 4 : 255 ) .
she is one of the co - developers of the program “marriage the islamic way” , which teaches various aspects of marriage such as how to find a spouse , the wedding and the post - wedding marriage relationship .
in parts i through iv , we study the verse of mut’a marriage in qur’an and look into the sunni commentary ( tafsir ) of this verse , and review the traditions reported in the six authentic sunni collections about mut’a . in part v we discuss the purposes of marriage as well as the chronological orders of the prohibition of illegal sex and the permission of mut’a in the history of islam . in part vi the similarities and differences which exist between the two types of marriage are presented in detail . in part vii we discuss the necessities and the advantages of the temporary marriage , and finally in part viii we answer some frequently asked questions regarding to the mut’a .
due to the actions of prophet muhammad and the rightly - guided caliphs , marriage between cousins is explicitly allowed and even encouraged in islam . the qur ' an itself does not discourage or forbid this practice in any way . in fact it implicitly allows it , as seen in chapter 4 verse 23 :
reciting al - faatihah when a man proposes marriage to a woman or when doing the marriage contract with her is an innovation . end quote .
islam is a complete package – a complete message and way of life . to fraction it into its component , then examine them individually , will yield little or no understanding of islam’s holistic whole . inevitably aspects of islam examined separately , without a wide - ranging grasp of its totality , will be taken in a fragmented context , in which case aspects may take on the appearance of extremism .
khwaja believes in judiciously creative modernization rooted in the quran and firmly opposes shallow , unprincipled imitation of the west . his mission is to stimulate serious rethinking and informed dialog between tradition and modernity in islam .
some conservative proponents of equal marriage argue further that by extending marriage to same - sex couples , marriage is in fact strengthened by involving more people in the u . s . institution and would encourage gay men and women to settle down with one partner and raise a family .
furthermore , the mufti explains how society has made marriage a huge issue for muslims which is causing them to do things that islam does not support . for example , answering the society when delaying marriage because either the son or the son - in - law doesn’t have a degree or a job . society must overlook this aspect and focus on the religious personification which demands marriage in time .
khadija had the same sense of mission as muhammad had , and she was just as eageras he was to see islam triumph over paganism . to her eagerness to see the triumph of islam , she added commitment and power .
it would perhaps not be too far - fetched to say that today islam is largely misunderstood around the world .
, “islam , political change and globalization” , thesis eleven , number 76 , february 2004 , p . 17 .
, “islam , political change and globalization” , thesis eleven , number 76 , february 2004 , p . 21 .
lineage : marriage was legislated for the preservation of lineage , and sex outside marriage was forbidden . punitive laws were put in placed in order to ensure the preservation of lineage and the continuation of human life .
ibadah : literally means
worship
. in islam it refers to all those acts of worship which one renders to allah ta ' ala .
bargach j . , orphans of islam : family , abandonment , and secret adoption in morocco , rowman & littlefield pub inc , mars 2002 .
islam is the united kingdom ' s fastest - growing religion , and the country ' s muslim population has nearly doubled in the past decade .
mohammad hashim kamali , oxford history of islam , “law and society : the interplay of revelation and reason in the shariah” , oxford , 2000 .
marriage to the wife’s mother is permanently prohibited from the time a man enters into marriage contract with a woman , whether he and his wife have engaged in sexual intercourse or not . the act of marriage itself gives the mother - in - law the same status as the mother .
– the hausa also prefer cousin marriage , but it seems cross - cousin marriage , so we’re talking father’s sister’s daughter ( fzd ) or mother’s brother’s daughter ( mbd ) marriage . they are also largely muslim , but don’t seem to have adopted the fbd marriage of the arabs like their neighbors the fulani . islam has been present in hausa lands since the 1200s , but it wasn’t until the 1800s that it had fully penetrated the population .
the quran also uses the arabic word
hisn
suggesting
fortress
for marriage . marriage is considered the fortress of chastity . [ 3 ]
what i should’ve done in the previous post on fbd ( father’s brother’s daughter ) marriage was to include diagrams of mbd ( mother’s brother’s daughter ) marriage along with the diagrams of fbd marriage , but to be honest i just got lazy ( sorry ! ) . so , without further ado , here is mbd marriage ( you might want to have open the fbd marriage post at the same time ) :
learn about the fundamentals of a happy marriage shared by shahina siddiqui , a leader social worker of the muslim community in canada . the fundamental
fs
of a happy marriage .
( lat . gift on account of marriage ) . in roman law . a gift made by the husband as a security for the marriage portion . the [ . . . ]
assuming that all requirements ( pillars and conditions ) of an islamic marriage were fulfilled , the marriage in question is islamically valid . neither a specific age of either bride or groom , nor consideration for public interest ( regional legality in this case ) are requirements of an islamic marriage . therefore australian law may render the marriage legally void , but not islamically void .
wali : in the context of marriage or divorce , it refers to the legal guardian of a minor .
in this video , i will talk about the marriage of p . m , pbuh , with khadija .
the following discussion presents a comparison of prevalent practices , islamic teachings and laws concerning marriage dissolution in pakistan .
the second marriage that is prohibited in islam is called “ misyar ” . the arabic root of this word is “ yusr ” , which means “ease” . as the name implies , in misyar marriage , the wife gives up her islamic marital rights viz . financial maintenance , conjugation , accommodation , and regular companionship with her husband .
a happy marriage between two individuals whom allah has also blessed with guidance upon islam , which remains successful even with the passage of time and the traversal of trials , is one such blessing .
muhammad also allowed the marriage of his daughter , fatimah , to his cousin , ali ibn abi talib , who would later go on to become the fourth rightly - guided caliph of islam .
there are other categories that are prohibited in islam which include the aunt from the mother’s or father’s side . again because the aunts are in a position equivalent to that of a mother or father . nieces are also prohibited in islam because one’s niece is in the same status as one’s daughter . these eight categories that i mentioned are called maharim which means : people who are prohibited from marriage to the person under any and all circumstances .
what does islam say about breastfeeding after two years of age ? also does islam allow a mother to still be breastfeeding her child at a much older age , even after puberty for example at age 14 ? can any . . more
islam allows polygamy and permits men , under specific circumstances , to have at most four wives at any given time .
the divine book of islam is filled with examples of exercising restraint in divorce . there is not a single verse that validates the notion of triple t
this is one of the basic principles of islam . because harming others is haraam in the case of strangers , it is even more so in the case of harming one’s wife .
what allah has settle , we can ' t disobey it . but in many societies now its being disobeying because many people don ' t know the rule about it in islam .
and also in iran , grand ayatollah yusuf saanei issued a fatwa which permits abortion in the first three months for various reasons . saanei accepted that abortion was generally forbidden in islam , but went on to say :
the mother - in - law : marriage to the wife’s mother is permanently prohibited from the time a man enters into a marriage contract with a woman , whether he and his wife have engaged in sexual intercourse or not . the act of marriage itself gives the mother - in - law the same status as the mother .
although the institution of the family is accorded profound importance in islam , the right to dissolution of marriage is given to both spouses . the qur’an and sunnah provide clear guidelines for dissolution of marriage that protect the rights of all stakeholders — the husband , the wife , the children , and society at large
after the consummation of the marriage , the groom holds a banquet called a walima . the relatives , neighbors , and friends are invited in order to make them aware of the marriage . both rich and poor of the family and community are invited to the marriage feasts . prophet muhammad ( s ) said : ' the worst of the feasts are those marriage feasts to which the rich are invited and the poor are left out
. ( mishkat ) it is recommended that muslims attend marriage ceremonies and marriage feasts upon invitation . prophet muhammad ( s ) said :
. . . and he who refuses to accept an invitation to a marriage feast , verily disobeys allah and his prophet
. ( ahmad & abu dawood ) printed with permission : marriage and family in islam by mohammad mazhar hussaini
seeking marriage is something highly recommended in islam . while looking for a potential mate should be something muslims help each other with , this cannot be done at the expense of islamic rules pertaining to modesty and respect between the sexes .
divorce is permitted in islam as a last resort if it is not possible to continue a marriage . certain steps need to be taken to ensure that all options have been exhausted and both parties are treated with respect and justice .
marriages in islam are often arranged ( by the two families of the bride and groom ) but these can only take place with the consent of both parties . if someone was forced to marry then the marriage would be invalid .
i toasted a girl and she accepted . she pregnanted for me , her parents accepted that she should be living with me , but the baby died and she born another baby for me . is this marriage valid in islam ?
islam treats marriage as an everlasting institution with specific rights and responsibilities assigned to each partner . a muslim marriage is a social contract between two independent persons who have attained puberty . islam introduces checks and balances to protect and secure the rights of all stakeholders in this matter—the husband , the wife , the children , and society at large . it prohibits all forms of extramarital relations , both before and after marriage , treating them as a transgression . [ 5 ] thus , islam , with its provisions for establishing and maintaining the integrity of the family , is diametrically opposed to the viewpoint that stands for sexual laxity in the garb of “freedom of choice . ”
so , first cousin marriage was banned in 1058 , second cousin marriage in 1096 , and marriage to all cousins from the patriclan in 1309 . however , note that the first and second cousin marriage bans were also cousins from the patriclan , so marriages to the mother’s brother’s daughter ( mbd ) or father’s sister’s daughter ( fzd ) , neither of whom would share a male ego’s surname , were still permitted — and were practiced . ( mbd marriage is quite typical for east asia , especially in china traditionally . )
since the nineteen - seventies there has been a growing interest in the west in islam and muslims . much of this interest has been focused , however , on a few subjects such as
islamic revival ,
islamic fundamentalism ,
the salman rushdie affair ,
and
women in islam ,
rather than on understanding the complexity and diversity of
the world of islam .
not only the choice of subjects which tend to evoke or provoke strong emotive responses in both westerners and muslims , but also the manner in which these subjects have generally been portrayed by western media or popular literature , calls into question the motivation which underlies the selective western interest in islam and muslims . it is difficult to see this interest as being positively motivated given the widespread negative stereotyping of islam and muslims in the west .
before marriage , financial ability and not having more than 4 wives is enough but islam does not allow any discrimination between the wives or between their children . the holy qur ' an expressly says :
“there is no marriage without a supervisor ( wali ) and two reliable witnesses . a marriage performed without these is void . if they couldn’t agree , the authorized officials are the supervisor . ” ( abu dawood , nikah / marriage , 20 ; tirmidhi , nikah / marriage , 14 ; ibn majah , nikah / marriage , 15 ; ahmad ibn hanbal , musnad , 6 / 66 )
your first marriage ended with a valid , islamically acceptable divorce . as it happened before consummation of the marriage and after being alone with him in such a manner that he could have consummated the marriage , then you are entitled to the mahr in full , and you have to observe ‘iddah , and you cannot go back to him except with a new marriage contract and mahr .
“marriage is a commitment and relationship that starts in this dunya ( world ) and will continue insha allah in paradise together , ” he adds .
three other forms , which are permissible in islam but not common in pakistan , include eila , an oath of abstinence from conjugal relations by the husband ; liaan , in which permanent separation is awarded by a court after a man accuses his wife of adultery ; and khiyar - al - buloogh , in which either spouse , in a child marriage contracted through the respective guardians , is given the right to repudiate the marriage upon attaining puberty .
indeed , islam attaches much importance to marriage rulings , etiquette and the spouses’ rights in such a way as to guarantee marital stability and permanence and create a successful family in which children are brought up enjoying psychological stability , observing devoutness and moral integrity , and displaying excellence in various aspects of life .
conditions required for making the marriage binding ( shurut al - luzum ) . if these conditions are not met , then the marriage is non - binding meaning that either of the two parties or others may have the right to anull the marriage . if they accept the marriage with such shortcomings , it becomes binding .
conversion to islam : muslims are encouraged to share their faith with others . however , muslims are told not to attack others ' beliefs or engage in conflicts or debates about matters of religion . there is no formal ceremony for conversion . people must merely believe in and recite the shahada to convert to islam .
islam tolerates polygamy ; however , it has placed various conditions for it that , in practice , are very difficult to observe . these are as follows :
lamce j . , islamic marriage and its juridical effects in italy , macerata , 2009 ( doctoral dissertation ) .
contracting a misyar marriage with a woman based in the foreign country can help save both of them from adultery .
nikah is an arabic term used for marriage . it means
contract
(
aqd in arabic ) .
for a nikah wedding to be recognised in the uk , the marriage needs to have an accompanying civil ceremony .
“ nikah ( ar . ‘marriage’ ) : referring to the marriage contract in islam , binding on the two parties , the bride and the groom . the marriage contract ( nikah ) becomes complete with the giving of mahr ( ar . ‘dowry’ ) to the bride , and the bride’s consent to the marriage in front of witnesses . finally , when the marriage agreement is accepted and witnessed , those who are present recite al - fatiha ( ar . ‘the opening’ ) , the first surah of the quran . the ceremonies that follow or precede the marriage contract may vary often reflecting cultural and ethnic traditions of the marrying parties and their families . ” [ 9 ]
assalamuwalikum , i am seeking advice on how to handle my situation according to islam . my husband suffers from . . .
whatever cultural norms there may be , what islam does not allow is the mistreatment of women , full stop .
islam and islamic civilization have taken significant initiatives to internationalize human relationship on theoretical plane on the one . . . read more
marriage is a contractual relationship between two individuals , according to islam . if the contractual parties do not stand in the list of prohibited degrees of marriage , as given in the quranic text , as such , ( quran , 4 : 22 - 23 ) differences in race , religion , caste , and economic status should not stand in the way of their marriage , provided the non - muslim party has clearly repudiated idol - worship in theory and practice . a muslim marrying a non - muslim does not violate any basic tenet of islam so long as the non - muslim , as an individual , does not commit himself or herself to idolatry .
through marriage , the conjugal relationship between a man and a woman becomes lawful . it provides a legitimate outlet for recreation as well as procreation . islam regards sex as natural and good , but restricts it to the partners of marriage so as to ensure the responsibility for its consequences .
you can also use nikkah builder to help create a custom islamic marriage contract .
marriage without parents consent . - encyclopedia of searchable islamic q & a - islamhelpline
“ marriage , matrimony , wedlock — نكاح , زواج nikah . [ 13 ]
249 – question : five years ago , before i got married to my wife , prior to having our permanent marriage contract recited , we became mahram by having the temporary marriage contract recited for a period of two months . however , one month after the temporary marriage , we recited the permanent marriage and up until now , we are living with one another . is our permanent marriage contract correct ?
no marriage except with a guardian and two non - discredited witnesses .
my adopted parents keep rejecting my marriage proposals . can i go ahead anyway ?
is specifically referring to a ruling of not making promises of marriage to a woman who is still within that refraining period of four months and ten days . the verse is not a general prohibition of discussing marriage with a potential marriage partner .
it is very clear that quran forbids intercourse between man and woman before marriage .
various studies prove that married people remain healthier , physically and mentally . islam has always maintained that marriage is beneficial for us in many ways . islam also regards marriage as a way to acquire spiritual perfection . the prophet ( s ) said , “one who marries , has already guarded half of his religion , therefore he should fear allah for the other half . ” 9 how true ! a person who fulfills his sexual urges lawfully would rarely be distracted in spiritual pursuits .
1 . the different forms of marriage in the different religions are recognized in the shar i ‘ah . if both , husband and wife , accept islam , there is no need to repeat their nikah . the nikah that they had performed as kuffar will still be valid .
in islam , the responsibility of guardianship , supervision , and management of the family have been set on the shoulders of men . allah , the exalted , has stated in the holy quran :
often times , a new muslim finds himself / herself lonely after accepting islam , therefore , getting married too early to seek companionship usually results in a quick divorce and bitterness . people often times forget that marriage requires financial and emotional stability .
marriage and divorce go hand in hand , almost all marriages today end up in divorce . according to the merriam webster’s collegiate dictionary , marriage is a state of being united to a person of the opposite sex as husband or wife in a consensual relationship recognized by law . unfortunately , marriages are no longer practiced only by people of the opposite sex . today , people of the same sex are found getting married to each other which is prohibited in both religions ( christianity and islam ) . marriage is a universal institution that is recognized and respected all over the world and is practiced by both religions ( christianity and islam ) . the encarta world english dictionary defines divorce as the ending of a marriage by an official decision in a court of law . marriage and divorce are practiced in both religions for different purposes . most marriages of recent end up in divorce , two people who were once in god’s sight are now apart .
the marriage establishes various property rights , inheritance rights etc . both during and after the marriage for which allah sent no authority . ( avoiding the harm of such issues while living in a non - islamic society is a much larger issue and involves many things besides marriage . )
the rules governing the abolition of triple talaq in pakistan were formulated after recommendations by a 7 - member commission on marriage and family laws in 1956 .
this ensures both sides are safe from getting hurt more than they could in this kind of a situation and remain within the bounds of islam , insha allah .
complementing the growing body of scholarship on islamic marital and family law , ali boldly contributes to the ongoing debates over feminism , sexuality , and reform in islam .
in islam , it is a man’s duty to provide for all living expenses of the family . ishaq ibn ‘ammar asked the noble imam sadiq ( ‘a ) :
- the west make fun of the islamic way of marriage in particular arranged marriage , yet the irony is that statistically arranged marriages prove to be more successful and lasting than romantic types of courtship .


the iqaluit public transit system operated from july 2003 to january 2005 to provide public transportation in iqaluit , nunavut , canada .

mounting costs and low ridership forced city council to cancel the service in late 2004 and it ceased operations in january 2005 .

iqaluit public transit

the public transit stream will provide funding to address the construction , expansion , and improvement of public transit infrastructure , and support active transportation projects that integrate
first - mile , last - mile
connectivity with a public transit system .
in montreal , toronto and vancouver , public transit is a strongly recommended alternative to driving .
, published by transit canada ( formerly the bc transit society ) . continued by
p . e . i . is getting $ 660 , 000 for public transit over three years . that ' s part of $ 3 . 4 billion being invested for public transit in canada over three years , starting in 2016 - 17 . funding will be provided through a new public transit infrastructure fund .
has been surveyed ( for most issues ) for mention of transit systems and cities with transit systems .
winnipeg transit , moving with winnipeg since 1882 , winnipeg transit , winnipeg ( manitoba ) , 1982 .
na transit , la transit : lethbridge , alberta , a photo gallery website at the url : urltoken 2002 .
oakville transit , oakville transit on - line , a world wide web site at the url : urltoken 1997 .
carpenter , matt , public transit in strathcona county : the first 57 years : 1957 - 2014 sherwood park : strathcona county , 2015 .
federal budget 2016 spends up to $ 3 . 4b in public transit to address ‘lost productivity , ’ but falls short of via rail demands
na transit , moose jaw transit : moose jaw , saskatchewan , a photo gallery website at the url : urltoken 2004 .
an all - candidates debate at iqaluit’s anglican parish hall , sponsored by nangminiq angiraliiit iqaluit association – a homeowner’s group – drew about 30 spectators .
nick newbery , iqaluit : gateway to baffin ( 1995 , revised 1999 ) .
with questions from the public randomly drawn , mayoral candidate little got more than one chance to hammer into a key plank of his platform , that of the council’s accountability to the public .
“ st . catharines transit commission history ” , a world wide web page at the st . catharines transit commission website , url : urltoken , 2007 .
there are many ways to access the internet , including a number of terminals at most public libraries .
parberry , darren , gta ( greater toronto area ) transit information - brantford transit - history , a world wide web page at the url : urltoken 2000 .
translink - coast mountain bus company and british columbia rapid transit co . ltd .
“iqaluit is the las vegas of the north , ” he said to chuckles from the audience .
iqaluit had transit until 2005 . service was two routes , and the fleet consisted of one school bus . it was canceled due to low ridership ( 28 riders per day ! )
jb 1997 . transit historian jean breton . electronic correspondence via jacques matte , 1997 .
kelly , brian and daniel francis . transit in british columbia : the first hundred years
well it looks like that whitehorse transit has all novas and 1 ic corp bus .
, november - december 1987 , pp . 3 - 19 . “quebec : part iii : public ownership , ”
nick newbery . 2012 . iqaluit . the canadian encyclopedia urltoken ( accessed july 9 , 2018 ) .
first capital transit society , a world wide web site at the url : urltoken 2010 .
the $ 660 , 000 for transit is a good start ,
said lee .
html public
- / / w3c / / dtd xhtml 1 . 0 transitional / / en
urltoken
i think it ' s more like iqaluit had transit since in 2005 . as you noted , the route was cancelled . i don ' t believe it was in service longer than a year .
bateson , paul a . ,
an olympian transit system : a short review of brampton transit
, a world wide web page at the url : urltoken , 2000 , 2001 .
nunatsiaq news 2010 - 12 - 10 : news : iqaluit council candidates field questions at dec . 7 debate
one month trial service operated by the city of iqaluit . ( ctn 2002 , 2003 , lawrence ) .
newbery , nick . 2012 . iqaluit . the canadian encyclopedia urltoken ( accessed july 9 , 2018 ) .
comox valley transit system , a world wide web site at the url : urltoken , 1998 .
i found another picture of a yellowknife transit bus on the website of a tour operator . it is interesting seeing transit styled thomas buses , you don ' t see too many of those .
html public
- / / w3c / / dtd xhtml + rdfa 1 . 0 / / en
urltoken
when driving within montreal , vancouver or toronto keep in mind that these cities are densely populated and parking can be difficult to find and / or expensive . all three cities provide extensive public transit , so it is easy to park in a central location , or at your hotel or lodging , and still travel in the metropolitan area . you can usually obtain maps of the public transit systems at airports , subway kiosks , and train stations .
winans , patricia , “ public bus service came to moncton in 1920 , ” times & transcript , june 03 , 2011 .
cuta 1976 - 77 . the membership list of the canadian urban transit association for 1976 - 77 .
an additional $ 1 . 25 billion in funding for the public - private partnerships ( p3 ) canada fund administered by ppp canada .
rfc . personal correspondence from transit historian ray f . corley of scarborough , ontario , 21 september 1995 .
sanders , harry max , calgary transit : a centennial history , calgary : city of calgary , 2009 .
nick newbery , r . the canadian encyclopedia . ( 2012 ) . iqaluit . retrieved july 9 , 2018 , from urltoken
mansell was the only candidate to bring trilingual pamphlets laying out his platform : fixing the dump , public safety , tax collection and tourism .
greenhouse gas mitigation investments that will result in reduced greenhouse gas emissions , such as electricity generation and transmission ( e . g . smart grid and renewables ) , built environment ( i . e . energy efficiency ) , transportation ( e . g . electric vehicles and alternative fuel infrastructure ) , active transportation infrastructure , higher order rapid transit ( e . g . , heavy rail , subway , light rail transit , or bus rapid transit ) or the adoption of vehicles that use a renewable fuel source ( e . g . fleet electrification ) in a public transit fleet ;
, 1998 - 2000 . ( listing of contact telephone numbers and web sites for southern ontario transit systems . )
newbery , n . . r . the canadian encyclopedia . ( 2012 ) . iqaluit . retrieved july 9 , 2018 from urltoken
newbery , n . . r . the canadian encyclopedia . ( 2012 ) . iqaluit . retrieved july 9 , 2018 from urltoken
newbery , nick .
iqaluit .
in the canadian encyclopedia . historica canada , 1985— . article published august 7 , 2012
nick newbery .
iqaluit
in the canadian encyclopedia . historica canada , 1985– . article published august 6 , 2012 . urltoken
the community improvement fund , consisting of the gas tax fund and the incremental goods and services tax rebate for municipalities , which will provide over $ 32 billion to municipalities for projects such as roads , public transit and recreational facilities , and other community infrastructure .
devries has run for council in the past , but his main source of fame in iqaluit is his open advocacy of marijuana use .
newbery , nick .
iqaluit
. the canadian encyclopedia . toronto : historica canada , 2012 . web . 7 aug 2012 .
newbery , nick .
iqaluit
. the canadian encyclopedia . toronto : historica canada , 2012 . web . 7 aug 2012 .
\ maps . in 1987 the city of winnipeg transit system collection of transit system maps and guides was examined , recording system names , and addresses . while the data collected was undated , some of that information has been included here .
city of saint albert , “transit : history , ” a world wide web page at the url : urltoken 2003 .
whitehorse has a transit service , that at one time employeed a number of ex calgary transit orion i ' s . i believe , the fleet now includes a number of nova bus lfs ' s . whitehorse , i believe , also has a streetcar line . more of a tourist attraction than a part of the transit system . yellowknife has a transit system . i believe it is / was run by cardinal coach lines . they at one time used school bus type vehicles .
candidates for the dec . 13 iqaluit municipal election took lots of questions dec . 7 — and the answer was almost always “yes . ”
nick newbery
iqaluit
the canadian encyclopedia . eds . . toronto : historica canada , 2012 . web . 9 jul . 2018 .
another recurring issue concerned establishing a bus service in iqaluit , one of the few issues that more than one candidate got the opportunity to address .
mansell said he would find out why the last attempt to establish a bus route in iqaluit didn’t work , but supported the idea in principle .
2015 - 07 _ nr _ gn _ goc _ iqaluit _ marine _ port _ and _ sea _ lift _ facility - eng . pdf
this list reflects the use of several general sources of information about the street railway and transit industry in canada . this includes :
wilson , dale , “international transit company” , chapter 3 of algoma rails , nickel belt rails , 2009 , pp . 59–69 .
wheels of progress : a story of the development of toronto and its public transportation services , fifth edition , toronto transportation commission , toronto ( ontario ) , 1953 .
she said that the city should work with iqaluit housing authority and make sure that high - density housing does not become a focus of social problems .
tingley , ken , ride of the century : the story of the edmonton transit system , edmonton : city of edmonton , 2011 .
na transit , societe de transport de l ' outaouais ( sto ) , a photo gallery website at the url : urltoken 2003 .
cornwall transit ( jan 1971 - nov 1974 by a . j . mcdonald limited , 1974 - present by the city of cornwall )
be aware that most canadian provinces have banned all indoor smoking in public places and near entrances . some bans include areas such as bus shelters and outdoor patios . see smoking .
as the integrated bilateral agreements will support a wide range of public infrastructure projects , the government of canada is expecting to achieve a number of outcomes across the four funding streams .
, volume xii , no . 10 , canadian urban transit association , toronto ( ontario ) , october 1989 . ( “excerpted from the booklet
oldfield , richard , tillsonburg transit : another one bites the dust . . . , a web site at the url urltoken , 2002 .
redfern also fielded the night’s only question on the construction of apartment complexes in iqaluit and whether single - family houses were better for the city to concentrate on .
. in 1987 , its residents decided to change the name from frobisher bay to iqaluit , thus reverting to its original inuktitut name meaning
many fish .
krystalle ramlakhan is a multi - platform journalist with cbc ottawa . she has also worked for cbc in p . e . i . , winnipeg and iqaluit .
i didn ' t know where this should go , so i put it here . anyways is there any transit in this part of canada ?
iqaluit has become the gateway to the eastern arctic both logistically and culturally because it has successfully managed to blend modern facilities and technology with long - time inuit traditions .
the honourable joe savikataaq , m . l . a . minister of community and government services government of nunavut p . o . box 1200 iqaluit , nunavut x0a 0h0
but she said a priority for youth should be finishing high school , and suggested the city could work with the iqaluit district education authority to try to reduce truancy and dropouts .
“transit in port alberni , b . c . , ” canadian coach , september 1968 , vol . iv , no . 9 , p . 5 .
the provincial and territorial allocation is determined by a formula based on ridership ( 70 % ) and population ( 30 % ) . given that nunavut does not have any public transit systems , the territorial allocation based on population , which is $ 6 , 067 , 664 , can be managed under the parameters of the rural and northern communities infrastructure stream .
copyright © 1995 - 2018 nortext publishing corporation ( iqaluit ) and may not be reprinted for commercial publication in print , or any other media , without the permission of the publisher .
iqaluit , nunavut , incorporated as a city in 2001 , population 7 , 740 ( 2016 c ) , 6 , 699 ( 2011 c ) . iqaluit is the capital and largest community in canada’s newest territory , nunavut . it is also the territory ' s only city . iqaluit is situated at the northeast head of frobisher bay , on southern baffin island . in an area long used by the inuit and their ancestors , it is surrounded by hills close to the sylvia grinnell river and looks across the bay to the mountains of the meta incognita peninsula .
and all nunavut communities . it has a modern airport with daily flights to and from the south . in summer , despite its high tides , the city also becomes a port , handling the annual sealift of heavy supplies . rapid growth of the city has seen the advent of more vehicles and the start of southern - style trappings such as street names and public transit .
other . transit histories have been published for some cities . where these have been used ( a function of their availability ) they are cited under the individual cities .
via rail is targeting large public sector pension funds for the approximately $ 2 billion it would cost to build the track and signalling infrastructure for a dedicated passenger rail network in the montreal - ottawa - toronto corridor .
the loudest round of applause went to council candidate devries for his closing statement , in which he said the homeless of iqaluit should be a priority , the first time this subject came up .
hayward answered more than one question related to tourism , and said iqaluit needs arts and crafts and performing arts centres to draw tourists , as well as more hotel and meeting space for conferences .
wayman , easten , saskatoon ' s electric transit : the story of saskatoon ' s streetcars and trolley buses , railfare enterprises limited , hawkesbury ( ontario ) , 1988 .
asked what he would do to help the increasing number of elders who live in iqaluit , kaludjak returned to one of his early campaign priorities , the need for better access roads out of town .
many nunavut communities have taxi service , often operated as shared taxis . a 1998 survey indicated sixteen communities with local taxi services . iqaluit is the territory ' s most populous community and capital city .
this infrastructure investment will generate further economic development and growth in iqaluit , nunavut’s capital , while opening new and improved opportunities for nunavummiut to benefit from the regions recreational , natural resource and tourism potential .
, research report no . 39 , by maximus h . perera . published by the university of toronto / york university joint program in transportation , toronto ( ontario ) , 1977 . perera states “there are 47 cities , towns and townships in ontario with public transit systems . ” ( p . 12 ) but provides a list of 49 municipalities receiving transit operating subsidies from the provincial government . accounting for kitchener and waterloo as two places sharing one system , that still leaves one extra on his list . an appendix also contains a name - and - address list of contacts .
nicol , kevin , “woodstock transit – 50th anniversary – 1962 - 2012” , transfer points , vol . xxxix no . 3 , march 2013 , toronto : toronto transportation society .
at this time , i am happy to provide you with details regarding the funding that will be delivered through an integrated bilateral agreement between canada and nunavut . this bilateral agreement will support public transit infrastructure , green infrastructure , community , culture and recreation infrastructure , as well as infrastructure in rural and northern communities . you will find below an overview of this program and additional information can be found in the annex .
by b . sotnyk , published by the ministry of transportation and communications , toronto ( ontario ) , november 1984 . ( 1981 - 82 transit data , much from cuta ) .
in october last year , t3 transit said over the next two years about $ 2 million was needed to upgrade the fleet , but those improvements would last for another five to seven years .
the rural and northern communities infrastructure stream will support the unique and wide - ranging infrastructure priorities in small , rural and remote communities such as facilities that support food security , local roads , renewable energy and enhanced broadband connectivity . projects eligible under the public transit , green and community , culture and recreation streams will also be eligible under the rural and northern communities infrastructure stream but only after the applicable funding from the other streams has been exhausted .
knowles , j . d . ,
transit equipment history of north bay , ontario ,
canadian coach , vol . vii no . 11 , november 1971 , pp . 3 - 4 .
nunatsiaq news , po box 8 , iqaluit , nu x0a 0h0 • ph . ( 867 ) 979 - 5357 • fax ( 867 ) 979 - 4763 • 1 - 800 - 263 - 1452 ext 131 • fax : 1 - 800 - 417 - 2474
that orion i is not an ex - calgary transit orion i . calgary ' s never had the two peice front doors and as well , did not have the slightly longer back end like the one shown in the photo .
on that and several questions kaludjak said he would have the city administration review the situation to decide on a course of action : the high cost of buying lots , whether iqaluit should have sidewalks —he said that was his preference — and building a new city hall .
most major airports are served by public transit . this consists of feeder buses running at peak frequencies ranging from five to fifteen minutes or less ( toronto , montreal , winnipeg , ottawa ) . service may be spotty or nonexistent late at night or on weekends if you are outside the major centres . to travel to the city centre / downtown , one or more connections are required in all cities except vancouver , montreal , winnipeg and ottawa , making a taxi or shuttle a better idea for large groups or those with a lot of luggage .
voith , allison , “public transportation in newfoundland” , part i : canadian coach magazine , vol . ix , no . 5 , september–october 1973 , pp . 3 - 9 ; part ii : canadian coach magazine , vol . ix , no . 6 , november–december 1973 , pp . 10 - 11 , 13 .
by john f . due , published by the university of toronto press , toronto ( ontario ) , 1966 . this book is an economics study of the interurban railways of canada , and necessarily discusses the common origins that industry shared with urban transit .
according to the most recent data , one per cent of yellowknife residents are choosing to leave their cars and bikes at home and let city transit take them where they need to go ; a statistic city officials want to increase in the coming year .
projects that are ready to go in charlottetown include the miltonvale water supply , the final phase of the spring park combined sewer separation project , updating the transit fleet , and a roundabout at belvedere avenue and st . peters road , where the engineering work is already underway .
iqaluit municipal election candidats at the anglican parish hall dec . 7 . from left : steve mansell for council , al hayward , paul kaludjak , jim little , and madeleine redfern for mayor and ed devries for council . council candidate joanasie akumalik could not attend because he was weathered into cape dorset . ( photo by gabriel zárate )
the government of canada is committed to accountability . to this end , provinces and territories will be required to attest that federal funding received under the integrated bilateral agreements does not displace their infrastructure spending on each of the asset classes funded through the four streams of the new program . provincial and territorial governments will still have the flexibility to move infrastructure investments between projects within the same asset class as required to get the most benefit from our combined investments . planned projects already identified in a provincial , territorial or municipal long - term infrastructure plan will be eligible for funding . provinces will be asked to attest that investments in municipal assets in the public transit stream do not displace municipal spending in this asset class .
halifax - home to the second largest natural harbour in the world , halifax is rich in history with architecture dating back to colonial times . the city is very compact and walkable , meaning most amenities are just a short walk away ( if you ' re downtown ) , such as the citadel hill , canadian museum of the atlantic , the public gardens ( oldest park in canada ) , and pier 21 .
the high floor buses work well in this town . there are ruts and dips all over the roads due to the extreme temperatures experienced . first transit staff feel that low floor buses would not work in yellowknife as they would bottom out and after having driven a rental car on the city streets , i agree with them .
. a monthly publication of the dominion bureau of statistics ( dbs ) . this publication occasionally made note of events in canadian transit , usually only by city name and not carrier . library holdings included only volumes 7 and 8 ( 1953 and 1954 ) , cs53 - d . was replaced in 1955 by the monthly dbs / statistics canada
canada ' s southern neighbour , the united states , can become a side trip from canada or even a major part of your vacation . places like niagara falls , new york state , new york city , detroit , and seattle are easily reached on public transportation or on foot in some cases . see the main article on the u . s . for entry requirements - if you need a visa be sure to apply well in advance .
we are committed to publicly report on the progress under this program in order to demonstrate how these investments are achieving measurable and concrete results for canadians . performance measures for infrastructure investments will be included in the agreements signed between the federal government and the provinces and territories . for key outcomes and results , this will include common definitions and negotiated targets . we will work collaboratively with provinces and territories to ensure that we have an effective way to measure and report on key outcomes and results over time . information on the projects funded through the program , the climate lens , and the community employment benefits reporting framework will be publicly reported on a website of the government of canada , in a way similar to the public transit infrastructure fund ( ptif ) and clean water and wastewater fund ( cwwf ) programs .
our government’s has been providing record support for public infrastructure in nunavut . marine infrastructure is very important to our communities and as m . p for nunavut i am proud to have championed this project as it will directly benefit nunavummiut . our government will continue to work with the government of nunavut to ensure infrastructure funding continues to flow in our territory as we focus on creating jobs , promoting growth , and building strong , prosperous communities across canada’s north .
as minister of economic development and transportation and mla for iqaluit - manirajak , this is truly great news . this will fundamentally change resupply here and into the communities . new marine infrastructure is crucial to improving the lives of all nunavummiut and is a vital part of the nunavut transportation strategy , ingirrasiliqta . we look forward to continuing to work with the government of canada to build marine facilities in other nunavut communities .
the nunavut final agreement between the federal government and inuit leaders was signed in 1993 , setting the direction for the creation of the new territory of nunavut in 1999 . two years later , iqaluit was chosen to be the territorial capital . this brought rapid change : construction and employment opportunities boomed , with a corresponding population increase ( 47 per cent between 1991 and 2001 ) . today , over half of the population is inuit .
cities , towns and regions often have their own police forces , with the toronto , vancouver and montreal forces being three of the largest . some cities also have special transit police who have full police powers . some quasi - government agencies , such as universities and power utilities also employ private special police . the canadian national railway and canadian pacific railway each have their own police force .
here are some yellowknife transit shots taken during a visit on april 29 and 30th . yellowknife has 10 buses in the fleet which includes 2 cutaway buses that are only used in paratrans service . i was surprised to see the bluebird tc2000 still in service as it was not included in the yellowknife fleet survey in 2009 that was submitted to cuta and used for the cthf street side guide .
iqaluit is canada’s most northerly capital . its municipal administration consists of a mayor and eight councillors elected citywide for a four - year term . it provides the usual community services and faces the same municipal issues that confront most other canadian local administrations . what makes it different is that it serves a diverse mix of citizens who have moved there from others parts of nunavut and canada , while trying to preserve a balance between inuit traditions and more recent changes brought from the south .
as in more southerly cities , iqaluit has the full range of services , such as a modern hospital , banks , law courts , schools , day cares and service clubs . the main campus of nunavut arctic college is located here . there is also a museum , a visitors ' centre , art galleries , several churches , a mosque , satellite communications and an up - to - date computer network . there is a small but vibrant francophone community with its own school and community centre .
the north ( northwest territories , nunavut , yukon ) the territories are some of the most remote regions on earth and constitute most of canada ' s landmass . though more known for their unique fauna and landscapes , the territories also have some interesting human settlements , including dawson city , a city that looks nearly untouched from the gold rush of 1898 , and iqaluit , canada ' s newest territorial capital , which is home to some interestingly adaptive architecture to the harsh climate of the north .
and since the service is accessible but has high floor buses mixed in , you would call into the transit department to tell them you need a low floor on your route for a particular run . if a high floor is assigned to your route for the day , they would get a low floor off another run and ask the driver on that bus for to do your run , while the high floor driver covers the other run .
however , it is still the strength of the land that dominates life in iqaluit and the arctic . although a host of indoor programs , often sport oriented , are offered during the winter , many recreational pastimes — snowmobiling , camping , hunting , boating and hiking — are linked to the great outdoors . three nearby territorial parks ( qaummaarviit , katannilik and sylvia grinnell ) are accessible through local outfitters via boat , snowmobile or dog team , and people from all backgrounds enjoy the easy access to nature and northern flora and fauna .
wi - fi access is common in cities and can be found at most coffee shops , public libraries , and some restaurants . although some locations charge an excessive fee for its use , others provide free wifi , including blenz coffee houses , mcdonalds , second cup , tim horton ' s , and starbucks . note that purchasing the establishment ' s product is expected , even if they are charging for internet access . buying a small coffee or tea typically meets this requirement . most airports and certain via rail stations also offer free wi - fi in passenger areas . see urltoken for a partial listing of establishments offering free wifi .
by northern standards , the city is a hub of political activity . as the capital , it houses the territorial legislative assembly , all government departments and is the home for many inuit birthright organizations . for these reasons , it is the linchpin of the three nunavut regions of qikiqtaaluk ( baffin ) , kivalliq and kitikmeot . the small satellite community of apex is five kilometres east of iqaluit . nestled around an old - style hudson ' s bay company store , it came into being in the 1950s as a model village for the inuit , built by the canadian government .
bankruptcy and debt related litigation are public records that will come up in background checks and are considered character concerns - refusal is very likely unless you can make and prove a highly compelling case for it to be set aside ( such as if the judgement resulted from identity theft or a disability ) . if this describes you , and you can afford it - discuss your situation with an immigration attorney prior to making travel plans or applying for a visa . keep in mind also that depending on the jurisdiction where the bankruptcy or litigation occurred ( such as australia and the united kingdom ) you may not be allowed to travel internationally at all , or may require a waiver or permission from the court .
generally the only people who legally permitted to carry handguns in public are federal , provincial , and municipal police , border services officers , wildlife officers in most provinces , sheriff ' s officers in some provinces , private security guards who transport money and people who work in remote
wilderness
areas who are properly licensed . it is possible to import non - prohibited firearms such as most types of rifle and shotgun for sporting purposes like target shooting and hunting , and non - prohibited handguns for target shooting may also be imported with the correct paperwork . prohibited firearms will be seized at customs and destroyed . travellers should check with the canada firearms centre [ 61 ] and the canada border services agency [ 62 ] before importing firearms of any type before arrival .
greenland , canada ' s major eastern island neighbour , despite being separated by less than 50km of water in some locations is not easily accessible from north america . the flag carrier air greenland flies from iqaluit in nunavut ( yfb ) to the capital nuuk ( goh ) twice a week from june through september . seasonal flights are also available from reykjavik , iceland ( kef ) and year round via copenhagen ( cph ) . another , albeit more expensive option are the summer cruise ships originating in both the u . s . and canada . despite the relative difficulty of reaching the island , the untouched natural arctic beauty of one of the most remote places on earth makes it well worth the effort .
if your default us time is going to run out while you are in canada , and you want to return to the us direct from canada , you need to apply for a us visa with a longer time period ( eg b - 1 / b - 2 , or a c - 1 transit visa ) before your first trip through the us . for example , if you are going to stay in canada for six months , and you transit through the us on a visa waiver , then the us will regard your six months in canada as not allowing you to return to the us without leaving north america first , as you have stayed more than 90 days in north america in total . note that in this scenario , you have not done anything wrong by visiting the us and then staying in canada for a long time , simply that the us will not allow you to return directly from canada , you have to reset their clock by leaving north america . visa waiver travellers may be able to avoid this by returning their i - 94w ( green ) form to their airline upon departing the us , or to the canadian immigration inspector if entering canada by land ; since the us has no outbound immigration check , it ' s up to the traveller to remember this .
trying to distil the climate of canada into an easy - to - understand statement is impossible , given the vast area and diverse geography within the country . overall , in most places , winters are harsh compared to much of the world , on par with northern eurasia . the most populated region , southern ontario , has a less severe climate , similar to the bordering regions of the midwestern and northeastern united states . iqaluit , the capital of nunavut , is just south of the arctic circle and remains very cold except for the months of july and august , when the july average maximum is only 12°c ( 54°f ) . on the other hand , the coastlines of british columbia are very mild for their latitude , remaining above freezing for most of winter , yet they are not far away from some of the largest mountain glaciers found on the continent .
four people — allen hayward , paul kaludjak , jim little and madeleine redfern — are running for mayor .
and three people — joanasie akumalik , ed devries and stephen mansell — are contesting one vacant council seat . akumalik , who was weathered in at cape dorset , could not attend the gathering .
each candidate was given one minute to answer questions read by moderator lynda gunn .
but only one candidate could answer any given question , making it difficult to compare their positions on issues .
hayward , a mayoral candidate and former city councillor earned the first round applause when he criticized the city’s longstanding practice of publishing the names of delinquent property taxpayers and doing little else to collect the money .
“the city has to revisit the issue of garnishing wages and having court action against people that refuse to pay because these are the same people that are a burden on our society and our community , ” he said .
“what about the guy who’s getting kicked out of the shelter at eight in the morning on a - 40 degree day ? why don’t we have a place for them to go ? what about the women that are abused in this town ? ” he said .
his next court appearance on charges of marijuana apossession and trafficking is set for jan . 15 , 2011 .
while giving his opening statement , devries urged voters to look past his reputation and vote for someone who would stand up for them .
first - time council candidate mansell responded to one of several questions on topics that aren’t within the city’s jurisdiction : a question about drug dealers .
mansell responded by saying this matter is the responsibility of the rcmp and crown lawyers .
however , he proposed more cooperation with those agencies , the expansion of emergency services , and the establishment of an anonymous tip line for iqalummiut who want to report illegal activity but don’t feel they can do that from their homes .
another non - city question went to the sole woman running for mayor , redfern , on economic development for youth , a domain which is largely the responsibility of the gn .
despite the absence of any unilingual inuktitut - speakers in the audience , mayoral candidate kaludjak answered each question in inuktitut and english , halving his effective response time .
judging by the questions drawn , it was clear that litter and sanitation were recurring concerns .
redfern said the city should put out more garbage cans , including dumpsters on the beach for hunters returning from trips , while devries said the city needs to recycle and continue shipping out scrap metal , and he recommended the city keep using the contaminated land in the west 40 area as a place to store waste .
“it’s a great spot out there right where we dumped that metal , ” he said . “the land unfortunately is contaminated and it’s going to take a huge effort to reclaim that land into any kind of green state again . so let’s not contaminate other lands . ”
redfern said there were creative solutions that other small communities in canada have implemented , such as subsidized taxis .
but little turned the bus question – as he did with other questions – toward another of his longstanding causes , the safety of non - motorists .
he said a bus route was part of that , as is removing rocks and boulders along city streets .
a question directed at hayward asked whether he would support a hotel tax , to which he replied that the last time the city had looked at it they found the matter was under the jurisdiction of the gn .
but he said he supported the idea of user fees like a hotel tax , and promised that as mayor he’d push for it with the revenues split between the city and nunavut tourism .
in a response to a later question about youth and recreation , redfern expressed concerns about the kinds of user fees that hayward said he supports .
“one of the things we also need to look is that when we do maybe impose user fees that we don’t make it inaccessible to those who cannot pay or who cannot afford , ” she said .
“it is important to remember these are also members of our community and we have to work as a community to find solutions together , ” she said .
the 1998 nunavut handbook , a world wide web site at the url : urltoken , 1999 .
the author is always interested in comments , corrections and further information . please email to : dawwpg @ urltoken this page last modified : wednesday , 30 - nov - 2011 13 : 24 : 21 cst
expert tips , local blogger round - ups and unbeatable deals in your area , all in one weekly email .
keep an eye on that inbox ! you should receive your first newsletter within the next week .
national advertising powered by urltoken . yellow pages tm , walking fingers & design tm , urltoken tm , find . & design tm , urltoken tm , canada411 tm and yp shopwise tm are trademarks of yellow pages digital & media solutions limited in canada . all other trademarks are the property of their respective owners .
) is not published by yellowpages . ca™ , so we cannot guarantee its availability or take responsibility for its content .
, university of calgary , master of science ( civil engineering ) thesis , calgary ( alberta ) , 1978 . [ brander 1978 ] .
) . volume ix , 1973 , reviewed on microfilm . volumes i through x , 1965 through 1974 accessed in originals or photocopies .
coffee , john m . , jr . , and harold v . ford ,
, fourth edition , volume one : the listing , boston : the catalogue committee of the american vecturist association , 1983 .
. industry periodical covering most aspects of transportation in canada . issues for 1931 , 1932 and 1933 surveyed .
. cuta toronto , january 1992 . the list is dated 09 september 1991 .
published by the dominion bureau of statistics . this publication ( from 1905 ) included a list of the operating electric railways in canada , eventually listing which were municipally run and the closure dates for electric railway operations . the cyb was consulted from 1905 to the mid 1940s .
, compiled by robert dorman . this reference was scanned for information about canadian animal , electric , and street railways and tramways incorporated , authorized , dissolved or otherwise the matter of statutory reference in dominion , provincial or territorial legislation . ( dorman apparently neglected all legislative reference to animal or electric railways or tramways in the maritimes , since none , not even halifax or saint john , are listed . )
, report 48 , by peter dawes , christopher h . prentice and brian e . sullivan , published by the systems analysis branch , canadian transport commission , ottawa ( ontario ) , october 1972 . “this report presents a universe or list of all ` canadian bus companies or authorities engaged in intercity , rural or urban common carriage , scheduled and unscheduled ' . ” - - - dawes
1972 p . 3 . it lists 1060 bus operators but neither their service localities nor service types .
lawrence , loring m . , “the bus that brantford built : the story of fitzjohn in canada , ”
( bus history association ) , vol . 26 , no . 100 , october 2012 , pp . 22 - 53 and 55 - 56 .
by j . edward martin . studio e , delta ( british columbia ) , 1994 .
, new york : mcgraw - hill company , inc . , 1918 ( reprinted 1970 harold e . cox , forty fort , pa )
niagara , st . catharines & toronto : history of the niagara , st . catharines & toronto railway
by john m . mills . upper canada railway society , scarborough ( ontario ) and ontario electric railway historical association , toronto ( ontario ) , 1967 . this book covers the histories of the
, and the local services in niagara falls , welland , and saint catharines .
by john mills . railfare enterprises limited , montréal ( québec ) , 1977 . this book covers the histories of the
rs . personal correspondence from robert saxon of princeton , nj , 16 may 1994 , 25 july 1994 .
edited by j . h . shortreed and published by the transport group , department of civil engineering , university of waterloo , waterloo ( ontario ) , may 1974 .
by derek scrafton and susan van steenburgh , published by the transportation policy and research branch , ministry of transport , ottawa ( ontario ) , april 1970 .
by david e . stephens . lancelot press , windsor ( nova scotia ) , 1972 .
. headlights vol . 51 & vol . 52 , 1989 - 1990 . new york city : electric railroaders ' association , inc . , 1991 .
, trolley bus bulletin 109 . north american trackless trolley association , 1979 . this work lists detailed information about canadian ( and american ) trolley bus systems , including dates of commencement and termination , and names of system operators .
( cs53 - 002 ) which appears not to mention particular cities or systems .
bonin , hugues w . , “le chemin de fer asbestos et danville : vous connaissez ? ” , canadian rail , no . 414 , january - february 1990 , pp . 3 - 13 . ( article is in english ) .
whyte , jon , and carole harmon . lake louise : a diamond in the wilderness , altitude publishing , banff ( alberta ) , 1982 , pp . 34 - 35 .
leger , paul a . , “north shore transport ltd . : memories of a nearly forgotten bus service in bathurst , new brunswick , ” bus industry , vol . 21 , no . 79 , march 2006 , pp . 16 - 17 .
n . d . lea & associates and stanley associates engineering . shared ride taxi implementation and evaluation study : the battlefords saskatchewan : evaluation report , n . d . lea & associates , regina ? ( saskatchewan ) , n . d . circa 1980 .
kennedy , r . l . , “thurlow railway” , old time trains , a web site at the url : urltoken 2011 .
bown , charlie
bell island - tramway ,
a world wide web page at the url : urltoken 2003 .
parker , douglas v . , “the brandon municipal railway” , canadian rail , no . 168 , july / august 1965 , pp . 128 - 134 .
opm - unpublished data and records from orin p . maus of brantford , ontario . provided by ray f . corley of scarborough , ontario , 1996 .
thorning , stephen , “valuing our history : arrow bus lines operated a substantial transportation network , ” the wellington advertiser , online article vol . 47 , issue 10 , 2014 .
lawrence , loring m . , with paul a . leger , “a new era begins in charlottetown , ” bus industry , vol . 21 , no . 82 , december 2006 , pp . 32 - 43 .
( frontspiece title ) , chatham , on : county of kent and city of chatham , 1952 , pp . 544 - 547 .
come walking and leave early : a pictoral history of the chatham wallaceburg and lake erie electric railway co .
wyatt , david a . , notes towards a street railway history of chatham , ontario , world wide web ( 1997 ) document at the url : urltoken , 1997 .
ross , greg , “burley once , burley twice , ” bus industry , vol . 6 , no . 1 , jan - feb 1979 , pp . 7 - 14 .
miller , w . e . , cornwall street railway light & power co . , a world wide web document at the url : urltoken 1997 - 1999 .
tanke , darren h . , “remember me : harold d . r . lowe ( 1886 - 1952 ) , a forgotten name in early albertan vertebrate palaeontology history , ” alberta palaeontological society bulletin , vol . 23 , no . 1 , march 2008 , pp . 16 - 18 .
levesque , j . c . , “madawaska bus service international tokens : madawaska , maine & edmundston , nb , ” le forum , vol . 37 , no . 3 , spring 2015 , pp . 5 - 8 . ( orono , maine : le centre franco - américain , université de maine )
jarvis , stephanie , lois burke and joyce henderson , flin flon : a visual history 1933 - 1983 , flin flon : flin flon jubilee committee , 1983 .
, volume xii , number 5 , september - october 1976 , pp . 10 - 16 .
, guelph : guelph historical society , 1977 , pp . 272 , 285 - 289 .
miller , w . e . , guelph radial railway , a world wide web page at the url : urltoken 1998 .
artz - unpublished data and records from dan artz . provided by ray f . corley of scarborough , ontario , 1996 .
, published as the december 1994 issue ( vol . 15 , no . 62 ) of
“nova scotia light and power co . ' s halifax tramway system , ” canadian railway and marine world , february 1933 , pp . 70 - 72 .
, canadian traction series volume 2 , upper canada railway society , toronto ( ontario ) and the ontario electric railway historical association , scarborough ( ontario ) , 1971 .
, effective october 10 / 1976 , collection of f . r . jelfs .
walker , r . gerry , “the b . c . coach lines story : a short history of an important acquisition by the new coachways system . , ” urltoken , a world wide web page at the url : http : / / www . urltoken / library / bus / bc _ coach _ lines - history . html 2018 . reprinted from the coachways thunderbird , volume 1 , number 1 ( june / july 1966 ) .
smith , ivan , “ cornwallis valley railway , ” the railways of nova scotia , 1999 .
, the kingston division of the canadian railroad historical association , kingston ( ontario ) , 1994 .
roth , george and william clack , canadian pacific ' s electric lines : ( grand river railway and the lake erie & northern railway ) , b . r . m . n . a . , calgary ( alberta ) , 1987 .
lacombe and blindman valley electric railway , a world wide web page at the url : urltoken 2015 .
lawrence , loring m . , “bha montreal convention , ” bus industry , vol . 18 , no . 67 , december 2000 , pp . 18 - 23 .
, passenger transport enterprises , vancouver ( british columbia ) and lethbridge ( alberta ) , n . d . (
grumley , j . r . thomas , levis tramways company , bytown railway society , ottawa ( ontario ) , 2011 .
johnson , bob , “british columbia ' s backcountry locals , ” trains , vol . 68 , no . 5 ( may 2008 ) , pp . 50 - 55 .
chant , robert , liverpool & milton railway ( 1897 - 1923 ) , a world wide web page on the “railways of canada archives” web site at the url : urltoken , 2000 ; relocated to urltoken by 2012 .
port stanley terminal rail , a world wide web site at the url : “ urltoken ” , 1997 .
penetang - midland coach lines ( p m c l ) . . . . a corporate history of the dubeau family of penetanguishene , a world wide we page at the url : urltoken , 2011 .
knowles , jack , ian macdonald , bob pineault and rod semple ,
arrow bus lines
, transfer points , vol . xxi , no . 7 ( september 1996 ) and vol . xxii , no . 1 ( january 1997 ) .
, canadian railroad historical association , st . - constant ( québec ) , 1990 .
binns , richard m . ,
the montreal park and island railway co . and its rolling stock ,
, no . 433 , march - april 1993 , canadian railroad historical association , st . - constant ( québec ) , pp . 39 - 70 .
the stcum in brief ,
a world wide web site at the url : urltoken , 2000 . note the links listed under
history / archives
.
, railfare dc books ( pickering , on & montreal , qc ) , 2008 .