in the north american numbering plan , a resporg ( a contraction for responsible organization ) is a company which maintains the registration for individual toll-free telephone numbers in the distributed service management system/800 database .

their function in north american telephony is analogous to that of an individual registrar in the internet 's domain name system .

resporgs were established in 1993 as part of a federal communications commission order instituting toll-free number portability .

a resporg ( pronounced as though it were a single word , something like " ressporg " ) can be a long distance company , reseller , end user or an independent that offers an outsourced service .

resporg

when you port a toll free number , the first part of the process is to change resporg ( responsible organization ) ownership for the number from one carrier to another . only the current resporg carrier has the ability to change , or release , a number from a resporg .
a resporg refers to companies that have access to the database that controls routing on all toll - free telephone numbers .
a resporg refers to companies that have access to the service management system ( sms ) , the database that controls routing on all toll - free telephone numbers . resporgs were established in 1993 as part of the fcc order to institute toll - free number portability . every ten - digit toll - free telephone number is managed by a resporg . a resporg can be a telephone company , a very large enterprise , or an independent service provider that offers resporg services on behalf of an enterprise , such as atlc . com .
41 . see toll free second report and order , 62 fr 20126 ( april 25 , 1997 ) ( “we also may limit any resporg ' s allocation of toll free numbers or possibly decertify it as a resporg under section 251 ( e ) ( 1 ) or section 4 ( i ) [ of the communications act ] . ” )
for all elected seats , no company can hold more than one seat ; provided , however , that a company can hold a resporg - elected and a scp owner / operator - elected seat .
5 ) the sms database is configured by an authorized resporg . changes can be made in near real time and then it can take around 15 minutes for the changes to propagate to all the scps .
we direct sms / 800 , inc . to modify the definition of “good standing” in its relevant corporate documents so that a resporg that does not currently have its service suspended will be deemed to be in good standing with sms / 800 , inc . for purposes of being a board member . 90 according to the petition , any resporg that has not had its service suspended pursuant to the terms of the sms tariff and any scp owner / operator that is not in breach of its contract with sms / 800 , inc . is considered to be in good standing with the company . 91 as described in the petition , a resporg that had service suspended at any time would not be in good standing , regardless of how substantive the violation was , how recently it occurred , or whether the same management of the resporg remains in place . we find that our modification of the definition of “good standing” will provide adequate assurance of fitness to serve , without unnecessarily eliminating a resporg from being a potential board member .
to provide the necessary outreach to the resporgs , through its tariff , web site , or otherwise , to advise them that : “the federal communications commission ( fcc ) has adopted a regulatory fee category for toll free numbers , assessed for each toll free number managed by a responsible organization ( resporg ) . this regulatory fee , assessed on resporgs for toll free numbers managed by a resporg , is payable for all toll free numbers unless calls from only other countries can be completed using those toll free numbers . a resporg that fails to pay the regulatory fee assessed by the fcc will be subject to penalties . ”
34  in the petition , a resporg is considered to be in “good standing” if it has not ever had service suspended pursuant to the terms of the sms tariff . see sms / 800 petition at 5 n . 10 . but see para . we direct sms / 800 , inc . to modify the definition of “good standing” in its relevant corporate documents so that a resporg that does not currently have its service suspended will be deemed to be in good standing with sms / 800 , inc . for purposes of being a board member . 90 according to the petition , any resporg that has not had its service suspended pursuant to the terms of the sms tariff and any scp owner / operator that is not in breach of its contract with sms / 800 , inc . is considered to be in good standing with the company . 91 as described in the petition , a resporg that had service suspended at any time would not be in good standing , regardless of how substantive the violation was , how recently it occurred , or whether the same management of the resporg remains in place . we find that our modification of the definition of “good standing” will provide adequate assurance of fitness to serve , without unnecessarily eliminating a resporg from being a potential board member . , infra , for further discussion .
38  a “large” resporg is defined as one that controls more than the mean number of toll free numbers as of the most recent report preceding in a given nomination period . see id . at 5 n . 13 .
39  a “small” resporg is defined as one that controls fewer than the mean number of toll free numbers as of the most recent report preceding in a given nomination period . see id . at 5 n . 14 .
to transfer an existing toll free to callture , please complete the attached resporg transfer form and fax to one of the numbers below or email us . please note : you must also send a current bill copy ( no older than 60 days ) . the toll free number you wish to transfer must appear on this bill copy . a resporg ( or responsible organization ) is a carrier company who handles the transferring and provisioning of your toll free number . callture will become your resporg , yet you retain ownership of your toll free number and are able to transfer it to another provider at anytime . please allow 7 to 14 business days ( tentative due date ) for your number to be transferred and activated in your account . to ensure the transfer process goes as smoothly as possible , please make sure that the account information you fill out on your resporg form matches exactly with the information your current provider has on file . your transfer request will be rejected if this information does not match and cannot be verified . click here to download transfer form or click here to download a completed sample form you can also fill and submit online resporg transfer form
34 . a resporg is a company that manages toll free telephone numbers for subscribers . resporgs use the sms / 800 data base to verify the availability of specific numbers and to reserve the numbers for subscribers . see 47 cfr 52 . 101 ( b ) .
additionally , it is advantageous to use multiple carriers to deliver toll - free calls . most enterprises use multiple isps for internet connectivity to increase reliability , disaster recovery , and control costs ; the same model should apply for toll - free voice traffic . toll free providers do not actively promote the use of resporg , because they stand to lose some of their traffic and it also drives down their margins . being or using a resporg service provider is less risky and more convenient than porting toll - free numbers from one carrier to another .
17 . any payments resporgs must pay sms / 800 , inc . for toll free number management and administration are unrelated to regulatory fees assessed by the commission . payment of regulatory fees to the commission does not relieve a resporg from any payment obligations to sms / 800 , inc .
43 . hypercube telecom contends that the consumer end - users would be affected by our enforcement action against a resporg . hypercube telecom reply comments at 3 - 5 . the notifications that are part of our delinquent bill collection process will give resporgs multiple opportunities to pay any delinquency before enforcement action .
when you decide to port your toll free number , all you’ll need to do is send us a letter of authorization signed by the authorized user on the account with service address information that matches what your carrier has on file , and we’ll work with your current carrier to change the resporg on your number to ours .
selection of board members . the petition provides that the nominating committee would announce the final slate of candidates at least 10 calendar days before the election , and voting would take place through an online application using an electronic ballot . for the resporg and scp owner / operator seats , each resporg and scp owner / operator member of sms / 800 , inc . would have one vote . for the at - large seats , in the first two years , each resporg and scp owner / operator would also have one vote . 50 under the proposed plan , beginning in the third year of the proposed transition , the two at - large seats would be filled by proportional representation , with each entity receiving one vote for each toll free number it controlled . one existing board member , the sms / 800 , inc . ceo , and the sms / 800 , inc . general counsel would oversee the election process and tally the votes , announcing the results within seven calendar days of the close of the voting period . 51
when implementing toll - free sip trunking , an enterprise should use multiple sip trunking providers and become their own resporg . this is sip trunking best practice # 11 . ( for those of you interested in sip trunking best practices # 1 - 10 , these were presented at voicecon in orlando in the
implementing sip trunking
session , and are shown below :
new board structure . the petition proposes a three - year phased implementation of a new board for sms / 800 , inc . 36 the company’s board currently consists of one representative from each of the three bocs . 37 under the proposed plan , the new board would consist of 12 seats in its first year : one elected seat filled by a representative of a large resporg ; 38 one elected seat filled by a representative of a small resporg ; 39 one elected seat filled by a representative of an scp owner / operator ; one elected at - large seat filled by a representative of any resporg or scp owner / operator ; four seats filled by independent directors appointed by the rest of the board ; one seat filled by the chief executive officer ( ceo ) of sms / 800 , inc . ; and three seats filled by representatives from each of the bocs . 40 in its second year , the bocs would give up one seat , leaving two boc representatives on the board . 41 by the end of the third year , the remaining two boc seats would be eliminated and replaced with one at - large seat . thus , at the end of the three - year implementation period , there would be ten board members and no seats would be reserved specifically for a boc . each seat would have one vote on the board , and no single company would be allowed to hold more than one elected seat , unless that company held both a resporg seat and an scp owner / operator seat . 42
corporate membership . sms / 800 , inc . is organized as a nonprofit membership corporation with the three bocs as the only members . 33 under the proposed plan , any resporg in good standing with sms / 800 , inc . 34 and each of the eight scp owner / operators in good standing with sms / 800 , inc . 35 would be eligible for membership in the corporation .
in order for an employee of an entity to obtain a position on the board , the employee of the entity must provide the bureau with the entity’s federal registration number ( frn ) prior to requesting membership . 88 the bureau will use this frn to review the status of any delinquent debts owed by any resporg and scp owner / operator requesting membership to the sms / 800 , inc . board .
a “vanity” number is a toll - free telephone number , custom toll free number , or mnemonic is an alphanumeric equivalent of a telephone number that also spells a person’s or company’s name or spells a word or acronym that is chosen by the subscriber , such as 1 - 800 - flowers or 1 - 888 - new - cars . to find out whether a specific toll - free number is available , contact any resporg or toll - free service provider .
33 . in addition to the data contained in the four ( see above ) u . s . census naics code categories that provide definitions of what services and functions the carrier and non - carrier resporgs provide , somos , the trade association that monitors resporg activities , compiled data showing that as of july 1 , 2016 there were 23 resporgs operational in canada and 436 resporgs operational in the united states , for a total of 459 resporgs currently registered with somos .
once the new board is established , the petition provides for an election cycle with staggered terms and no term limits . in the first year , the two resporg seats and the scp seat would be filled by directors elected to three - year terms . the at - large seat would be filled by a director elected to a one - year term in both the first and second years . in the third year , the two at - large seats would be filled by directors elected to three - year terms . 43
to transfer an existing local number to callture , please download the local number transfer form here . once completed , please send the form , as well as your most recent bill copy from the current provider to resporg @ urltoken or fax them to one of the numbers below . confirmation will be emailed to you once we receive the documents , letting you know if further information will be needed or if the documents have been sent out for processing . click here to download loa transfer form you can also fill and submit online local number transfer form
since 1993 , the bocs have offered access to the sms through the sms tariff filed with the commission . 58 this tariff sets forth the regulations , rates , and charges applicable to sms services , and describes the features and functions of the sms . it also establishes resporg responsibilities and eligibility criteria , and prohibits unlawful use of the system . 59 the sms tariff further sets forth the regulations , rates , and charges applicable to the toll free services offered to resporgs . 60 the tariff also lists both the monthly and non - recurring charges for database access and other sms services . 61
135  see letter from aaron m . panner , counsel to sms / 800 , inc . , to marlene h . dortch , secretary , fcc , cc docket no . 95 - 155 , wc docket no . 12 - 260 ( filed apr . 4 , 2013 ) ( stating that “resporgs are a diverse group with diverse interests . moreover , at least one board member will be elected by scp owner / operators , and , even if the individual elected is affiliated with an entity that is also a resporg , that member would be expected to reflect scp owner / operators’ interests . ” ) .
2 . in this report and order , we eliminate two categories from the regulatory fee schedule : amateur radio vanity call signs and general mobile radio service ( gmrs ) . we also include direct broadcast satellite ( dbs ) providers in the cable television and iptv regulatory fee category , as a subcategory . to aid in the implementation of new regulatory fees for responsible organizations ( resporgs ) adopted in the fiscal year 2014 proceeding , we direct the managing director to coordinate with sms / 800 , inc . to ensure that all resporgs owing regulatory fees have sufficient information about this process and opportunity to pay the regulatory fee before the resporg is placed in red light status and enforcement procedures are initiated .
15 . the imposition of a regulatory fee on resporgs is a new rule , adopted in the fy 2014 report and order , and non - common carriers may be unfamiliar with our regulatory fee process and unaware that delinquencies can result in penalties imposed by sms / 800 , inc . , penalties imposed by the commission pursuant to the debt collection improvement act of 1996 ( dcia ) , and / or enforcement action by the enforcement bureau , pursuant to delegated authority , or by the commission . [ 42 ] as a result , omd will coordinate with sms / 800 , inc . to ensure that all resporgs owing regulatory fees have sufficient information about this process and opportunity to pay the regulatory fee before the resporg is placed in red light status and enforcement procedures are initiated . [ 43 ]
in 1993 , the commission mandated that the bocs develop a centralized database system to allow toll free customers to change their service providers without having to change their numbers . 10 the commission also required the bocs to offer the service as a common carrier service , under tariff , to ensure that they offer it on a non - discriminatory basis and at reasonable rates . 11 in response , the bocs created the sms . since its creation in 1993 , the sms has contained all toll free numbers in the nanp , along with electronic records for those numbers . 12 moreover , the bocs have offered access to the database through the sms tariff . 13 the tariff sets forth the regulations , rates , and charges applicable to sms services . it describes the features and functions of the sms , establishes resporg responsibilities and eligibility criteria , and prohibits unlawful use of the system . 14 the tariff also lists both the monthly and non - recurring charges for database access and other sms services . 15
second criterion : debt or revenues from a provider . we find that sms / 800 , inc . satisfies the second neutrality criterion of section 52 . 12 . sms / 800 , inc . argues that it will not “issue a majority of its debt to” or “derive a majority of its revenues from” any telecommunications service provider . 129 sms / 800 , inc . further states that while the company will derive “revenues” in connection with the operation of sms from the user fees paid by resporgs and scp owner / operators , no individual resporg or scp owner / operator constitutes a majority of that customer segment . sms / 800 , inc . asserts that the company does not issue debt , and we rely on that assertion . 130 moreover , we find that the company will not derive a majority of its revenues from any single telecommunications service provider . therefore , since sms / 800 , inc . meets both of these requirements and is consistent with the commission’s application of the section 52 . 12 neutrality criteria to dsmi in the toll free fifth report and order , we find that sms / 800 , inc . satisfies the second neutrality criterion under section 52 . 12 of our rules .
21 . this report and order does not adopt any new reporting requirements . therefore no adverse economic impact on small entities will be sustained based on reporting requirements . there will be a regulatory fee increase on dbs providers , but these companies are not small entities . we are also advising sms / 800 , inc . to provide information to responsible organizations , or resporgs , to ensure that they comply with their new previously adopted regulatory fee requirements . these entities may be small entities ; however , the regulatory fee per toll free number is very small and could easily be paid and then passed on to the subscriber if the number is in use , in which case compliance would not be an issue . ( we also note that there is a previously adopted de minimis threshold of $ 500 , per year . ) if the toll free number is not used by a subscriber , the resporg can either choose to pay the regulatory fee or return the toll free number to the 800 / sms , inc . database . the commission expends resources to address toll free issues , and so parties should either be responsible for the payment of the resources used or the toll free numbers should be returned for others to use .
13 . toll free numbers , defined in section 52 . 101 ( f ) of our rules , [ 31 ] allow callers to reach the called party without being charged for the call . instead , the charge for the call is paid by the called party ( the toll free subscriber ) . [ 32 ] prior to the fy 2014 report and order , the commission did not assess regulatory fees on toll free numbers based on the assumption that the entities controlling the numbers—wireline and wireless common carriers—were paying regulatory fees based on either revenues or subscribers . [ 33 ] in the fy 2014 nprm , we observed this was no longer the case because many toll free numbers are now controlled or managed by resporgs [ 34 ] that are not common carriers . [ 35 ] in the fy 2014 report and order , we adopted a regulatory fee obligation for toll free numbers beginning in fy 2015 , finding that the commission has both the legal authority and responsibility to assess regulatory fees on toll free numbers . [ 36 ] this regulatory fee assessed on resporgs for toll free numbers managed by a resporg , [ 37 ] is payable for all toll free numbers unless calls from only other countries can be completed using those toll free numbers . [ 38 ] this regulatory fee is assessed on resporgs for each working , assigned , reserved , in transit , or any other status of toll free number as defined in section 52 . 103 of the commission ' s rules . interstate telecommunications service providers ( itsps ) that are resporgs and resporgs that are not itsps will be responsible for this regulatory fee .
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this invention relates to communication call routing and particularly to a method for automatically processing telephone call data from a telephone system over ccis ( common channel interoffice signaling ) direct signaling facilities to a remote data base for translation into a call control message which is then sent to the telephone system for controlling the further completion of call connections to a destination in accordance with the control message .
the invention specifically pertains to procedures for processing an inward wats ( wide area telephone service ) call over the ccis facilities to a data base system for obtaining the number of an available station to which the call is to be completed .
inward wats is popularly known as inwats and is frequently referred to as the
800
number toll - free telephone service . it allows a customer to establish an area of the country from which he can receive calls without charge to the calling parties . in the united states , the service is currently available for both intrastate and interstate calls . tariff costs for the service are based on the number of customer lines , the band of rate states selected , the total monthly hours of usage , and the total number of calls completed .
over the last decade , the volume of inwats calls has increased to the extent that inwats traffic has become a substantial percentage of all toll calls served by existing telephone switching systems . the service has proven to be especially useful for business customers in obtaining travel and hotel reservations , purchase orders , and the like .
despite the commercial success of inwats , the ever expanding customer demands for the service and the projected extension of inwats for international calling has presented a number of problems for the telephone industry and its customers . prevalent among the problems are : ( 1 ) the rigid geographic bands for inwats , ( 2 ) the requirement for a multiplicity of inwats numbers , ( 3 ) routing and numbering inefficiencies due to service entitlement check operations of originating and terminating screening offices , ( 4 ) ineffective attempts due to all inwats customer lines busy conditions caused , for example , by mass calling to 800 numbers advertised , for example , on television , and ( 5 ) the absence of traffic statistics for inwats customers on the number of calls made from each area code .
to elaborate , in the united states , a customer purchases the service on intrastate and / or interstate bases and is supplied with one or more inwats numbers . such an arrangement is necessary because of state and federal tariffs . interstate inwats is currently offered for a maximum of seven geographic bands . band 1 generally involves all states bordering the customer home state ; band 2 typically includes all of band 1 and additional states bordering band 1 ; band 5 presently covers the continental united states ; band 6 adds hawaii and alaska ; and band 7 includes puerto rico and the virgin islands . in some cases , multiple bands of intrastate service are also offered . customers purchase the various service bands on a 240 hours / month or a 10 hours / month basis .
the rigid band assignment heretofore has required a customer to purchase an entire band encompassing many different telephone area codes even though the customer may desire inwats service only in a portion of that band . a need has therefore existed for a procedure and equipment which fulfills customer requests for inwats service covering only desired telephone area codes .
a principal inwats problem has been the necessity for the purchaser in many instances to be assigned a multitude of different inwats numbers . illustratively , several airline reservation services with multiple regionalized answering points presently are provided with between 10 and 20 different inwats numbers to obtain reasonably economical inwats service throughout the united states . the different numbers are required by the customer because of geographical location , business hours and the designs and operations of existing switching equipment . such multiple number requirements have proven to result in customer and user confusion , errors in directory number listings and advertising , as well as complications in obtaining directory assistance for nonlocally published inwats numbers and in conformity with the call originating area codes . new call processing techniques and facilities are therefore needed to eliminate the plural numbers for each inwats customer .
an inwats number presently includes a special area code of 800 , followed by a specific nnx code for the terminating npa ( number plan area ) , followed by a four digit number xxxx .
n
in the code refers to any digit except 0 or 1 and
x
refers to any one of 10 digits . of the nnx codes , all nn2 codes are currently reserved for intrastate use . at the present time , each npa in the united states is assigned one nnx code with the exception of the npas 212 , 312 and 213 each of which have two nnx codes .
inwats number usage is readily understood by considering an example of a typical inwats call . assume that a party in indianapolis wishes to place a call to an inwats customer with the assigned number 800 + 241 + 2312 in the atlanta , georgia area . after the caller dials the number , the call is routed to an originating screening office which utilizes the 800 + 241 to determine both the terminating city ( atlanta ) and the band of the calling party with respect to the terminating city . the screening office then sends a number 142 + 2312 to a terminating screening office for atlanta . the underlined
2
indicates that indianapolis is in band 2 with respect to atlanta and the
4
represents the 241 nxx code . on the basis of the received 142 + 2312 , the terminating screening office ascertains whether or not the call originated from a permissible rate band purchased by the called custmer . if the call is entitled to be completed , the terminating screening office controls the establishment of call connections to the called customer .
a disadvantage of the foregoing inwats call processing arrangements is that inwats call screening , routing and service entitlement checking functions are performed by costly , complex and special inwats facilities integrated into many individual originating and terminating screening offices throughout the nation and without call rerouting capability in such offices in the event of call overload or equipment failure . another disadvantage is that no procedure is available for determining the busy condition of inwats customer lines before calls are switched through the toll network . present day switching systems determine that all inwats customer lines are busy only after the calls are routed through the originating and terminating screening offices to the local terminating office . as a consequence , the telephone network occasionally is overloaded , particularly during heavy traffic periods by mass calling to the all busy inwats customer lines . such overloads obviously are undesirable and prove to be a problem for telephone companies especially because no facilities are available for dynamically identifying inwats customer busy conditions and then precluding the toll switching of inwats calls to that customer .
another disadvantage is that existing telephone systems and call processing techniques have been unable to provide adequate traffic data to inwats customers on the number of calls received from a given geographic area . the data would aid in the determination of the numbers of inwats lines and stations as well as the personnel needed to serve the calls . it would also enable customers to determine whether the serivce is economically warranted for that area .
the foregoing problems are solved and a technical advance is achieved by a call processing method which automatically processes prescribed communication calls from a switching network to a data base system for deriving call service information and then returning the call to the network for completion in response to the information supplied by the data base . in embodiments of the method , the information provided by the data base is either a destination number , such as for a machine message announcement or a station , or a call completion authorization code .
the method is utilized for special service calls , such as inwats calls , served by a communication system , such as a local or toll originating screening office or a communication customer service system . it involves a process of sending a special service call data including a dialed number and a suffix code from the switching system to a data base system , translating the received message into a call control message at the data base , and returning the control message to the communication system to control the establishment of call connections in accordance with the control message . advantageously , the control message comprises the routing message including a number identifying either a subsystem , such as a voice storage facility , which supplies machine messages to the caller , or a called party station such as an inwats customer reservation bureau which furnishes operator services .
for inwats service , each inwats customer is assigned a single ten digit
800
number which is dialed by callers on all calls to that customer regardless of their place of origination . the number is used to control the establishment of connections through a telephone switching system to a centralized data base system for deriving all of the call routing , traffic measurement and network management data on calls to the inwats customer .
the data is utilized to screen calls for inwats service entitlement and for specifying a directory - unlisted pots ( plain old telephone service ) ddd ( direct distance dialing ) number to which entitled calls are preferably to be routed to the inwats customer on a toll - free basis to the caller . data is included in the data base for specifying the busy / idle status and open / closed station condition of the preferred number . an alternate unlisted number is also stored in the data base for routing calls to that number whenever the preferred number is busy or closed .
the data base comprises a first table in memory which includes a file of originating area codes ( npas ) . each such code is correlated in the file with an individual pots number when inwats service is purchased by the customer for that area code . in response to a receipt of a dialed inwats number and the call originating area code from a telephone system , the data base examines its npa file of originating area codes for screening the call to check whether the inwats customer is entitled to receive calls from that area code on a toll - free basis to the caller . entitlement is identified by the presence of the pots number in the same memory file as the received area code . the npa file also comprises a counter which is incremented on each call attempt per originating area code .
a second memory table includes an individual file for each pots number that stores busy / idle data and open / closed hours information for that pots number . the busy / idle data is dynamically loaded under control of the call terminating office signaling the busy and idle status of the line ( s ) , or line group , associated with the pots number . the data is advantageously used to reduce the probability of ineffective attempts to complete calls to all busy or closed stations and thereby reduces the unnecessary use and tie - up of toll telephone switching equipment . it also serves to signal when the station is idle and therefore available to serve calls .
each pots file in the second memory table also includes an alternate , or second choice , pots number to which an inwats call is routed when the preferred first choice pots number is either busy or closed . the file also comprises a counter which is incremented on each call involving the preferred pots number to accumulate a count of the total number of calls generated . the same file includes threshold and call inhibit time data for managing the number of calls that are directed to the pots number within a given interval of time .
the procedure for processing an inwats call comprises a calling party dialing the 800 - nxx - xxxx of the desired inwats customer . the local telephone office serving the calling station is responsive to the dialed number for routing the call to a toll office equipped with ccis ( common channel interoffice signaling ) facilities and sending to that office the dialed number . the toll office routinely identifies the area code from which the call originates and then sends it , as a suffix code , together with the dialed number over the ccis direct signaling system to the data base identified by the ccis system from the dialed 800 - nxx .
at the data base , the received inwats number is checked to ascertain that it is an active working number . next , the file of the originating area code is located in the first memory table and the entitlement of the call to be made from that originating area is verified by extracting the pots number of the inwats customer station preferably designated to serve the call . the npa file counter is then incremented to indicate a call attempt involving the originating area code .
thereafter , the file of the preferred pots number is located in the second memory table and the open / closed and busy / idle status of the destination station associated with that number is examined . upon determining that the station is open and idle , a ccis message containing the preferred pots number is sent from the data base over the ccis system to the toll office for enabling call connections to be established from that office through the toll switching network to the station associated with the pots number . at about the same time , the counter in the pots number file is incremented to accumulate data on traffic to that pots number and to control call routing to it during mass calling periods when the number of calls exceed a predetermined threshold .
busy and idle data for each inwats station is dynamically routed from an associated terminating telephone office over ccis facilities to the data base for updating records in the file of the station pots number in the second memory table . the busy data controls the processing of inwats cells selectively to alternate pots number ( s ) and to audible busy station messages .
the call processing procedure is arranged to return ccis messages from the data base to the toll office to identify the dialing of a nonworking inwats number , a call which is not authorized on a toll - free basis from that call originating area , and the busy or closed status of the inwats station designated to serve the call .
the method is advantageously useful for data base service on automated collect calling , toll call fowarding and other special service calls as hereinafter described .
the drawing illustrates a number of local telephone switching offices , such as offices 12 , 38 , 41 and 43 which serve associated telephone stations , such as stations 10 , 22 , 30 and 31 . the drawing also discloses toll offices such as offices 15 , 34 and 36 which form a toll switching network serving the local offices . the structural details of such local and toll offices form no part of the present invention and are only described herein to the extent necessary for an understanding of this invention . each of the local offices , by way of example , is suitably an electronic program controlled telephone system of the no . 1 ess ( electronic switching system ) type disclosed in the bell system technical journal ( bstj ) , september 1964 , volume xliii , number 5 , parts 1 and 2 ; and in the r . w . downing - h . f . may - f . f . taylor - u . ulrich u . s . pat . no . 3 , 570 , 008 of mar . 9 , 1971 . those disclosures and the citations referred to therein may be consulted for a complete understanding of the construction and operations of a typical local switching office 12 , 38 , 41 and 43 .
each toll office is illustratively an electronic program controlled telephone system of the no . 4 ess design with ccis facilities as disclosed in the bell system technical journal ( bstj ) , september 1977 , volume 56 , no . 7 .
ccis facilities utilized in conjunction with the local and toll offices and the data base system 11 are disclosed in the bstj , february 1978 , volume 57 , no . 2 and in w . b . smith - j . b . synnott , iii u . s . pat . no . 3 , 624 , 613 of nov . 30 , 1971 .
in fig . 1 , the processing of a call to an inwats customer is explained by assuming that it is originated from a calling station 10 in california . the inwats customer is assigned a single telephone number which is dialed by callers on all calls to that customer regardless of their place of origination . the number comprises ten digits including an 800 area code portion followed by seven digits nxx - xxxx . the nxx digits identify the data base , such as data base 11 in texas , which stores the inwats customer data utilized for processing the call to the appropriate destination . the nxx - xxxx digits identify the inwats customer within the data base . the
n
digit is any value 2 - 9 and each of the
x
digits is any value 0 - 9 .
for the exemplary embodiment , call processing is described by assuming that the call may be routed to any one of three destinations , namely , first , second and third choice numbers respectively identifying stations 22 , 30 and 31 . each such station is depicted as an individual telephone station for the purpose of illustration . it is to be understood that in many cases inwats call answering facilities commercially utilize automatic call distributor systems involving numerous groups of incoming telephone lines served by a local or toll telephone switching system . a typical distributor system is disclosed , for example , in s . f . dunning u . s . pat . no . 3 , 111 , 561 of nov . 19 , 1963 . the three destination stations will suffice to explain typical call situations encountering open / closed and busy / idle conditions and the likelihood of completing inwats calls in geographic areas with different local business hours .
after station 10 initiates a call and dials the inwats customer number , office 12 recognizes the 800 area code and routes the call illustratively over a trunk 14 to a toll office 15 equipped with ccis facilities . office 12 also forwards the dialed inwats number to office 15 for assembly in office 15 with the area code for that portion of california from which the call originates . office 15 determines the originating area code based on the serving of the call over trunk 14 in a known manner .
office 15 routinely translates the dialed 800 digits and determines that the call is to be routed to a data base for deriving call routing data . as a consequence , office 15 formulates an inwats ccis message including an identification of the special service call , the office 15 and the originating area code as well as the dialed number and sends that message over the ccis link 17 to a signal transfer point or system 18 . the latter is responsive to the received message for translating the 800 - nxx digits to determine that the inwats customer data is stored in the data base system 11 , which illustratively is located in dallas , texas . system 18 then forwards the ccis message to data base 11 over a ccis link 19 . system 18 is essentially a data link , or packet , switching arrangement for ccis applications . packet data switching facilities are disclosed for example in a . g . fraser u . s . pat . nos . 3 , 749 , 845 of july 31 , 1973 and 3 , 979 , 733 of sept . 7 , 1976 . structure and operations of ccis are described , by way of example , in the 57 bstj no . 2 , page 230 , et seq . thus , the call is processed from the toll telephone switching network to a data base for deriving call service information .
data base system 11 is , by way of example , a commercially available system , such as a western electric company , incorporated 1a processor ( disclosed in 56 bell system technical journal no . 7 , february 1977 ) , equipped with disk storage and a system of programs to establish , edit and manage information stored in memory . it is equipped via a peripheral unit bus ( disclosed in 57 bell system technical journal no . 2 february 1978 ) with ccis facilities for interface communication with the signal transfer system 18 and the toll network . system 11 is responsive to the received inwats number and originating area code for deriving all of the stored information needed for processing the call to an idle and available inwats customer station designed as the preferred called station to serve the call . the information includes data for the active - inactive status of the dialed inwats number , the storage files associated with the active number , the inband / out - band character of the call based on the received originating area code , and a directory - unlisted pots number of a destination subsystem or station .
for each active inwats number , data base system 11 is equipped with translator tables 20 and 21 of figs . 2 and 3 . table 20 contains a list of originating area codes and a correlated list of pots ddd ( plain ordinary telephone service direct distance dialing ) numbers identifying one or more called stations primarily designated to serve calls from the respective originating areas . each listed area code is uniquely associated with an individual one of the listed pots numbers when the inwats customer is entitled to receive calls from that originating area on a toll - free basis to the calling party . a single such pots number may be shared by a plurality of different originating area codes . whenever table 20 contains a pots number for an originating area code , calls from that area are designated as being
in - band
. otherwise , in the absence of a pots number for the area code , ( null entry ) calls from that area are
out - of - band
for the inwats customer and calls are not completed on a toll free basis to the caller .
illustratively , on the call originating from station 10 , the originating area code is 805 and table 20 lists a correlated pots number 919 - 658 - 3399 , which is a called station 22 in north carolina , preferably designated as a first choice to serve the inwats calls . accordingly , such a call is
in - band
. if it were not , no pots number would be listed in table 20 for the area code 805 .
each originating area code in table 20 is furnished with a counter 27 which is incremented on each call attempt involving that area code . in this way , statistics are derived on calls by area codes regardless of whether the inwats customer purchases the serivce for that area .
the utilization of data in tables 20 and 21 and inwats information processing operations of the data base system 11 are now described for the call from station 10 of fig . 1 with reference to the flow diagram of fig . 4 . after the tables 20 and 21 are loaded with the data as depicted in figs . 2 and 3 , system 11 is responsive to the receipt of the ccis inwats message for checking its records ( not shown ) to determine whether the dialed inwats number is active or inactive . if it is not validly in use and therefore inactive , system 11 effects a return of a ccis vacant code message to the toll office 15 of fig . 1 via link 19 , signal transfer system 18 and link 17 . office 15 thereupon routinely causes an announcement to be returned to the caller for conveying dialing instructions and indicating that the dialed number is not a working number .
if the number is active , system 11 examines table 20 and its file 28 for translating the dialed inwats number and originating area code into a pots ddd number 919 - 658 - 3399 by a look - up operation in table 20 . next , the area code counter 27 is incremented to indicate a call from a station in area code 805 . had the look - up failed to find such a pots number ( null entry ) correlated with the originating area code in file 28 , the dialed inwats number would be
out - of - band
to that call originating area . resultingly , system 11 then effects an incrementing of a counter 27 and a return of an out - of - band ccis message to toll office 15 of fig . 1 via the ccis links 19 and 17 and the signal transfer system 18 . office 15 then routinely effects the transmission of a reorder message to the caller .
system 11 determines that the inwats call is
in - band
when its lock - up operation extracts a pots ddd number 919 - 658 - 3399 from file 28 . that number is then used to locate the file , such as file 23 , in table 21 which contains the eight data items needed for further call processing and traffic management . system 11 initially checks file 23 to ascertain whether the station associated with the pots number is indicated to be open . this is done by examining item 24 of file 23 . if the station is open , system 11 next examines the busy / idle data , item 25 . if the station is idle , then the pots number , 919 - 658 - 3399 will be returned to office 15 for normal call setup . if the station is closed or busy , then system 11 examines item 26 of file 23 to obtain an alternate pots number . the loop bit , item 49 , is set to prevent looping between pots numbers . if an alternate pots number exists , such as 206 - 582 - 2044 , and its loop bit is not set , then the process continues until either an open and idle station is found , no alternate pots number is found , or transfer is made to a pots number whose loop bit is set . the last two situations will cause system 11 to send a ccis message to office 15 , via the ccis facilities , indicating an ineffective attempt . if the call results in an ineffective attempt and in the process of picking alternate pots numbers a busy condition is encountered , then the ccis message includes an indicator telling office 15 to return either a busy tone or audible message to the caller . if all encountered pots numbers had been closed , then the ccis message includes an indicator telling office 15 to transmit an audible message to the caller indicating the status of the called station .


murray wolfe garsson ( born may 14 , 1890 , london , england ; died march 26 , 1957 , new york city , age 66 ) was a munitions manufacturer , who with his brother , henry garsson , defrauded the us government and was responsible for the downfall of congressman andrew j. may .

murray garsson

eldridge hood young , of baltimore , md . , for henry w . garsson and murray w . garsson .
the congress : murray garsson ' s suckers . time . monday , august 12 , 1946
murray and henry garsson , joseph freeman and andrew j . may face fraud charges . america .
the hon . murray w . garsson interviewed henrik red johnson on march 14th at police headquaters in newark , nj .
short shot of olivette and oliver - exhibition dancers from murray ' s club .
murray garrson was the kind of character an investigating committee likes to find . ( wwii )
garsson and his older brother , murray garsson , had started a munitions contracting business in 1941 . a kentucky congressman , andrew j . may , chairman of the house military affairs committee during world war ii , facilitated the garssons’ enterprise .
dancing girls from murray ' s cabaret club take a seaside break and show off their sombreros .
garsson and his older brother , murray garsson , had started a munitions contracting business in 1941 . a kentucky congressman , andrew j . may , chairman of the house military affairs committee during world war ii , facilitated the garssons’ enterprise . [ 4 ] [ 5 ]
but . . . lindbergh didnt interview red until sat . march 19th in hopewell . somehow murray got to red first ?
i ' m sure that if cal knew what a scumbag garsson really was , he would probably have shot him thus saving the lives of american soldiers killed in wwii by garsson ' s defective munitions .
in nov ' 31 garsson was credited for smashing a plot by some 17 lawyers , and consular employees for conspiracy to bring illegal aliens into the country by illegally using their positions to do so . garsson worked closely with usag medalie , who by anyone ' s standards was a first class prosecutor , and handed down over 30 indictments based upon garsson ' s investigations .
i told mr . mckinney that under the president ' s order all functions will be coordinated under this bureau . mr . mckinney asked if mr . murray garsson would go back on the case and i informed him that would be according to whether secretary doak desired him to do so .
mark falzini makes extensive use of murray garsson ' s interview * with red johnson , in chapter one of his new book : their fifteen minutes . a must for everyone interested in the lkc . . . . . . and a great cover photo of the symbol - signature too .
unissued / unused material . murray and henry garsson , joseph freeman , officers of a vast munitions combine , and andrew j . may , former representative , face a charge of defrauding the government . new york , america ( usa ) . m / s as murray and henry garsson , joseph freeman , and andrew j . may face a battery of press cameras as they enter and leave the u . s . marshal ' s office in washington . various shots of them walking along . m / s as they pose in the doorway . cataloguer ' s note : date of item : 4 / 2 / 1947 .
suit yourself rick , personally i can see nothing redeeming about garsson . the very thought of this sycophant playing detective is too much for me .
suit yourself rick , personally i can see nothing redeeming about garsson . the very thought of this sycophant playing detective is too much for me . kevin
after the war , a senate investigating committee reviewing the garsson ' s munitions business discovered evidence that may had received substantial cash payments and other inducements from the garssons .
when war profiteering hit batavia . the garsson - may connection . the batavia historian . batavia historical society . batavia , illinois . vol . 38 no . 1 . january 1997
the section 24 squad was directly responsible to the secretary of labor , reported directly to him and to nobody else . they did not report to the head of the immigration service at all . the man who was the head of this group was murray garsson . murray garsson was the man whom lieutenant newman had told me about in new york . he had told me that he was a criminal who had a very bad record and that he did not dare to come into new york personally because he would be arrested . he was a very bad egg and i should watch out for him . he said he was a crook and a very dangerous crook . he would take money out from under you and make it look as if you had done it . he was a very dangerous person lieutenant newman said .
frances perkins
sometime shortly before or during the u . s . entry into world war ii , may became involved with murray garsson and henry garsson , new york businessmen with no prior arms manufacturing experience who sought lucrative munitions contracts then being awarded by the u . s . government . may was known to frequently telephone army ordnance and other government officials on the garssons ' behalf to award war contracts , obtain draft deferments , and secure other favors for the garssons and their friends . so numerous were these interventions that one ordnance official referred to them as
blitz calls .
time magazine , , june 9 , 1947 . after the war , a senate investigating committee reviewing the garsson ' s munitions business discovered evidence that may had received substantial cash payments and other inducements from the garssons . time magazine , , july 29 , 1946 .
prior to the lindbergh kidnapping garsson was convicted in 1915 for disorderly conduct and received a suspended sentence . a little later he was caught speeding and received a suspended sentence . that ' s it .
after the war , a senate investigating committee reviewing the garsson ' s munitions business discovered evidence that may had received substantial cash payments and other inducements from the garssons . [ 6 ] [ 7 ]
i have received countless letters from constituents of mine , including many letters from bondholders all over new york city , commending the magnificent work of the distinguished gentleman and his committee , including his able , courageous , and brilliant director , mr . murray garsson , former assistant secretary of labor , but with the request that the gentleman be kind enough to come back to new york and clean up the unscrupulous bondholder rackets that are still flourishing in the city of new york
i agree rick . next time i am back to my scanner i will post the rest of the report . garsson is an interesting angle that is also often overlooked . there is much to be learned here .
) asks the following question : why was murray garrson , a well - known and successful investigator of the bureau of immigration recalled to washington after he had started to question members of the hopewell household ? p . 155 [ maybe sec . doaks was called by cal ? ]
not at all . garsson is the lowest form of scum , the war profiteer . the man that lets soldiers die so that he may make some money . there is no ideology or principle involved , just simple greed .
i don ' t really care to belabor the point . if in your best judgment you find this garsson character worthy of credibility , then so be it . i ' m not sure i see the value in such a choice , but i guess everyone has their reasons .
gellman and a partner , joseph weiss , owned and operated the illinois watch case company in elgin , manufacturing compacts and cigarette lighters , and the u . s . wind engine and pump company in batavia , making farm equipment . in 1941 , with the government restricting commercial production in order to allocate material and manpower to war production , gellman and weiss needed a government contract . gellman met henry garsson in washington outside a congressman ' s office . when garsson described his requirements for the manufacture of shells , gellman agreed to provide the means to fill them .
gellman and a partner , joseph weiss , owned and operated the illinois watch case company in elgin , manufacturing compacts and cigarette lighters , and the u . s . wind engine and pump company in batavia , making farm equipment . in 1941 , with the government restricting commercial production in order to allocate material and manpower to war production , gellman and weiss needed a government contract . gellman met henry garsson in washington outside a congressman ' s office . when garsson described his requirements for the manufacture of shells , gellman agreed to provide the means to fill them . [ 3 ]
michael , 3 things come to mind : 1 . murray garrson must have gotten further along in his own investigation than we might have thought as evidenced by his long interview with chowlewskey . also , its not just chit - chat , but every word written down as questions and answers in a seemingly professional manner . 2 . so how many persons did murray and his team actually interview ? all the servants ? wondering which interview got him recalled to wash dc ? ? what about charlie shippell ? i have not read the interview with red johnson , could you post that onto the board if you have it ? thanks 3 . very few persons in this life are all good or all evil . lets just count how many us senators , reps and governors are currently under criminal indictment or just resigned ? stevens / blagoavitch / etc . etc . etc .
anyway , more relevant to this case and this thread is the fact that lots of vermin like garsson were coming out of the woodwork as they tend to do when the opportunity presents itself . it ' s just important to keep these people and their actions in perspective in the same way we do ( hopefully ) with the yellow journalism .
thanks michael - - just a related thought . . . . . it connects to cal letting murray garsson et . al . come into his house like a hurricane at 1pm at nite . somewhat odd or weird right off the bat ? first , its been bothering me how drastically or dramatically the lindbergh family changed its , well , public persona or public access after the
kidnap
? beforehand they were practically reclusive hermits , shieldiing themselves and charlie jr . from the public and the press . but literally overnite , they turned their own home into a njsp barracks and press central . like a wide - open door policy . - - including nuts and crackpots ? i dont think it was necessary to do this , unless cal wanted minute by minute access to control every nuaince and developement in the developing case - - at least initially ? isnt this an odd way to grieve the loss of your first son and create an imposition on anne , servants and extended family ? second , although cal wasnt home for murray ' midnite intrusion , at least not # 1 , it appears , that all the lindbergh house guests and detectives and police were gone by march 22nd as well ? didnt cal kick them out after a certain date ? ( who let the dogs out - - woof , woof ? )
there are six defendants in this case , five individuals and one corporate defendant . all of them except two individuals , henry m . garsson and murray w . garsson , have moved for transfer of the proceeding with respect to each of them to the district court for the northern district of illinois , eastern division , relying upon the provisions of rule 21 of the federal rules of criminal procedure , 18 u . s . c . a . in support of these motions , these four defendants filed motions for bills of particulars , which , after hearing , were granted over the objection of the government . after the government had responded to this court ' s order requiring it , as the result of these defendants ' granted motions , to supply the requested particulars , these defendants filed additional motions for further particulars , to which the united states excepted . these exceptions were heard , and the court concluded that there had been substantial compliance by the government with the court ' s order with respect to supplying the additional information to the defendants , and that , all in all , at that stage of the proceeding , the defendants had obtained from the government all information which they could reasonably ask for under the circumstances .
now i don ' t post this to undermine kevin ' s point , only to show garsson seems to have an ability for the
good
side of things prior to his
bribe
of may . and so i think you must take the good with the bad and apply it accordingly . ( may , by the way , was eventually pardoned by president truman . )
tetlow and brown were both part of garsson ' s team of investigators . i have a letter ( somewhere ) from brown to hoffman . i have the fbi report which references garsson going through the furnace and having anne walk upstairs in the nursery to see if she could be heard downstairs . i believe this is in lloyd ' s book too but i ' ll have to check . obviously this was insulting to lindbergh . that ' s why everyone made such a big deal out of it . but secretly , every cop on the premises had wanted to conduct that angle of investigation but knew it would mean their jobs . could you imagine if this crime happened today what kind of investigation would be made concerning its residents ? concerning the family ? are you kidding me ? you see , lindbergh was pulling schwarzkopf ' s strings . whatever lindbergh wanted schwarzkopf did . whenever lindbergh was upset , things would change to his liking . it ' s why the fbi were pulled in the first place as well . he allowed what appeared to be prudent but had schwarzkopf raise hell to pull the rug out from under things if it went somewhere he didn ' t want it to go . according to one of bornmann ' s reports , garsson was withdrawn on april 1st .
i know what you are saying but i think the accusation should apply accordingly . what are you basing your dislike for garsson on exactly ? is it his future misconduct , his investigative techniques , his reports , his employer , or his possible theory ? if its the theory then i think we have to start calling some of those very close to the investigation
vermin
as well . i think its also important to note that i have never seen garsson quoted as saying what his theory was . the investigations were done in with the njsp ' s fullest knowledge and blessing . the statements seem to be professionally done and handed over to lt . keaton . they are also done , at times , teamed up with the njsp . he was
recalled
on april 1st and apparently the immigration team ended its investigation at the time . in my opinion they did a good job while they were there and there is much to be learned from the reports that i have which originate from them . greed is rampant within the lindbergh kidnapping but i don ' t see any evidence of garsson being
greedy
during this investigation . ideals , convictions , and beliefs are there too , and if one thinks quickly back to loeb and leopold - they can be deadly .
for a man of 71 with a bad heart and a queasy stomach , andrew jackson may of kentucky looked remarkably fit when his trial began last april . for a man on trial for conspiracy to defraud the government , he was amazingly full of bluster . for a onetime chairman of the house military affairs committee , he was in the company of unsavory codefendants : the mysterious brothers garsson , * owners of a shadowy wartime munitions empire . but andy may was an amazing man .
i ' m not defending garsson in his role there , but in reality , i am a little more afraid of an ideology that convinces an entire country of people its ok to exterminate another group of people . like i said before , each and every law enforcement officer followed their own
moral compass .
for example , garrett schenck while complaining to an njsp officer that he had been kidnapped was laughed at while the officer sold diamonds ( on duty ) to the gas station attendant guiness ( informant ) . doesn ' t make it right , but these types of things , to varying degrees - happened all the time .
murray garrson was the kind of character an investigating committee likes to find . according to the f . b . i , he was once tied up in new york ' s brewery trade with gangsters dutch schultz and owney madden . he had twice gone through bankruptcy , had been arrested on charges ranging from disorderly conduct to grand larceny , but never served a sentence . brother henry garrson had an impressive array of engineering degrees and a spotless record as an engineering consultant . but he had been indicted , tried and acquitted on a charge of pocketing a $ 5 , 000 bribe while working as an internal revenue agent . when war came the garrson boys were ready with a good scheme for quick - & - easy profits . with no assets except a borrowed letterhead they established the erie basin metal products co . then they grabbed a $ 3 , 000 , 000 contract from the chemical warfare service to produce mortar shells , and went to town . . . . . . [ time magazine july 1946 ]
1 . they did interview quite a few people . i have several statements and some njsp reports which indicate some investigations were made jointly . for example , bornmann & garsson were together on one endeavor . this point alone causes problems for
wwii
and his position he makes above . 2 . hard to say how many . i only could say what i have and could only hazard a guess about what i don ' t have . i am sure there was a ton given over to sec . doak . i filed a foia years ago which went unanswered . i do believe garsson was interested in betty gow which was probably the reason for his being called in . that ' s all i can say without my paperwork in front of me . the johnson interview is lengthy . once i have it then it may be easier for me just to send it to you rick . 3 . i agree . also , sometimes people change , or they take risks at certain times of their life they would never take at another time . some are just bad . i don ' t think people realize that you had some police officers who actually had a record before becoming a cop . most of my research turns up police having a degree of right and wrong within their minds at the time . some would use their positions for gain . . . some moreso then others and some to varying degrees . there were some things they might do and other things they would not . not all of course but i think you get the jist of my position .
sorry the red johnson interview wasn ' t what you expected rick . . . . i do believe if something was developed from garsson that his character should be considered . however , my position is to take it in the context of the situation and the like conduct by other law enforcement whose information contributes to one ' s own personal theories . see my point ? if you consider something in one place then you must consider it elsewhere as well . too often we dismiss what we don ' t like but accept what we do when the situation which develops the information is exactly the same . in other words we will point to character to impeach an investigator ' s creditability when they develop something we don ' t like but ignore that issue when they bring to light something we like . by the same token , we ignore like conduct by a different officer who develops information that bolsters our own personal theory . it ' s my position this cannot be done . we can ' t have our cake and eat it too . if an argument applies in one place then if the exact same situation exist elsewhere then it must be applied there too and not just where we choose to invoke it . that would be selective observation .
finally , in this connection the court feels it is appropriate to make allusion to the point which counsel for these four defendants have brought up , namely , that if this court be sound in its conclusion just reached , then , in the interest of justice , in the public interest , in the interest of time and money - saving , and in greater fairness to all concerned , it would seem that the department of justice should have given more complete consideration to the question whether , in the first instance , this indictment should not have been brought in the illinois jurisdiction . and , also , it seems appropriate for the court to point out that it is perfectly proper , even now , to combine the trial of all defendants in that other jurisdiction by indictment there of the messrs . garsson . but , whatever the government may see fit to do in this respect , the decision which this court has reached is not based upon hope or expectation that through limited transfer of the proceeding it may be relieved of what would appear to be a very tedious trial of long duration . if any of the defendants must be tried here , then it is the duty of this court to proceed with reasonable promptness with the trial , and promote the efficient administration of justice in fairness to all concerned . but in conclusion the court wants to say that even though the trial is now narrowed in this jurisdiction to two defendants , and even though the court is impressed with the necessity , in the interest of these defendants and in the public interest , of assigning a date in the reasonably near future for the trial , the court will not do so unless there is a more definite disclosure to the court through pre - trial conferences as to why the government believes , if it still does , that this case will require several months for trial . such seems to be a totally unwarranted belief , if the case is properly prepared for trial .
the story unfolded by government witnesses picked up where the senate ' s war investigating . . .
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many a u . s . businessman has wished that he was big enough to get in to see elisha walker in his official habitat : the austere offices of wall street ' s famed international banking firm of kuhn , loeb & co . , of which he is senior partner . stiff - starched banker walker is not an easy man to get at .
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lakeith stanfield and his sorry to bother you crew reveal their most soul - crushing jobs in our freewheeling interview .
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some of garrson ' s reports are in the original state police collection . there are also some others in keaton ' s personal files which were donated to the archives by his family . there are a few in the hoffman collection , and mention ( to include quotes ) in some fbi files . i believe garrson felt it was an inside job . but then again , a lot of people felt there had been an inside connection to include mrs . morrow . i wonder who her candidate was ? even lindbergh admitted as much to agent larmier .
to mm - - does anyone have the garrson report claimed by some high official in wash dc to be
the most intellegent account of the kidnap to date
. . . if so couldnt it be posted on this board ? what was garrson ' s motivation : illegal aliens ? a timely topic .
to mm - - does anyone have the garrson report claimed by some high official in wash dc to be
the most intellegent account of the kidnap to date
. . . if so couldnt it be posted on this board ? what was garrson ' s motivation : illegal aliens ? a timely topic . ( 09 )
the department of labor was working the immigration angle of the case . that is , they were fully investigating those illegals in the hopewell area . from the reports that i have they were attempting to use the illegal status for the dual purpose of enforcing the immigration laws and squeezing information out of those interviewed for anything relating to the kidnapping .
i do have a garrson file , but most of the information about him , specifically , is contained in multiple fbi reports . for example , there might be a 15 page report concerning betty gow and on page 11 there appears a paragraph about garrson . most of the immigration inspector ' s reports appear to have been turned over to lt . keaton . however , there is evidence that as early as march 11th hoover is asking secretary doak for his
lindbergh file
and is being flatly refused access to it . just as a reminder , it wasn ' t only garrson working on this case for the department of labor . there were many inspectors . . . .
the quote you make sounds very familiar to me . i do remember a western union sent to hoffman that might have contained such a quote but i will have to check . i can say however that i have never found a
garrson
lindbergh kidnapping investigation report ( per se ) like one would expect to find . i will check in the near future to see what i have in my file and if i can locate the fbi reports which specifically mention him .
if you look hard enough , you find problems with just about everyone involved with the exception of the fbi . if you take issues concerning garrson mostly from his future , and apply them to whatever he finds / concludes during his hopewell investigations , i would assume this same argument then exists to impeach creditability everywhere else .
many njsp investigators were implicated for taking bribes during the hall - mills case . they later investigate the lindbergh kidnapping . bornmann is disciplined for a serious infraction on one occasion , and yet again for another matter before the lindbergh kidnapping occurred . does this mean we disregard all of his reports ? do we use this to show he framed rail 16 ? hoover has many complaints against many investigators . he never says one bad thing that i could find about garrson . walsh , like garrson , believed there was an inside connection . williamson believed it too , as did mulrooney .
the department of labor was working the immigration angle of the case . that is , they were fully investigating those illegals in the hopewell area . from the reports that i have they were attempting to use the illegal status for the dual purpose of enforcing the immigration laws and squeezing information out of those interviewed for anything relating to the kidnapping . michael
yes - - mark sent me a lengthy interview of antonio chowlewsky by garrson and two other boi agents . this included alot of questions about digging and burying on antonio ' s property around the time of the kidnap ?
looking at wwii ' s post again it reminds me of everyone attacking hoffman ' s use of the various people he did during the re - investigation . for example , lt . robert w . hick ' s , is a great investigator receiving high praise from h . h . martin of the mixed claims commission in his letter of appreciation in 1941 for all the years of excellent work . but during his investigation of the lindbergh kidnapping we ' re led to believe by those who want hauptmann to be a lone wolf that hick ' s is a
dunce .
sure , apply whatever you have and consider it , but you must consider it everywhere and apply it accordingly within its proper context . what in garrson ' s interview with red johnson , for example , shows that he is either incapable or a criminal ? why when hoover is attacking schwarzkopf , keaton , lamb , etc . as dishonest , untruthful , and / or liars doesn ' t he attack garrson in this way ?
that ' s kind of a double edged sword argument isn ' t it ? i mean - the german bund really believed that cal ' s efforts , in support of nazi germany , benefited their cause greatly . so did
wild
bill donovan who simply referred to cal as
that copperhead .
maybe , had the police looked at them a little more carefully , lindy ' s reputation would have been ruined
his support for germany thereby limiting the amount of damage he did to the allies .
in promoting appeasement and military unpreparedness , lindbergh damaged his country to a greater degree than any other private citizen in modern times .
well , hindsight is 20 / 20 . there ' s a long list of famous people who admired and endorsed the nasdp and hitler .
the whole enchilada . this guy is just bad news . look at his life and his cohorts . birds of a feather really do flock together .
only in the lkc do we find guys like this actually called a detective .
was reserved exclusively for schwartzkopf ? after all , according to mark ' s new book , in 1936 gov . hoffman fired schwartzkoph the first chance he got
for bungling the lindbergh case
? their fifteen minutes p . 100 .
lindbergh questions sailor at hopewell , story being checked
- - johnson , swedish sailor adn friend of kidnapped babys nurse , taken to lindbergh home for interrogation ; schwartzkoph admits man still under suspicion . - - the circleville herald , circleville ohio , sat march 15th 1932 .
of course , cal was not required to make a record of his many personal interviews by schwartzkoph - - cal was more of a roque detective or bull in a china shop .
sadly the norm in the lkc seems to be denigrating those who serve while elevating those who take . i wonder , is that a sign of our times ?
now in march ' 32 he is credited for solving a mail bomb plot .
the lindberghs : a distinguished family by p . j . o ' brien ( $ 60 ) , and many others . if interested e : mail at krebs2 @ urltoken
anyone know if champ atlee ' s book has been published yet ? i haven ' t been able to find anything about it online .
can anyone tell me about patrick and helen lane ? they lived close to the lindbergh ' s . what about don guinness ? dose anyone have pics of the guinness station or the lane home ? email me n . m . watkins @ hotmail . com . thank you !
go to : urltoken we discuss the lane ' s and patrick ' s statement is posted there .
this forum isn ' t as user friendly as it might be , so i ' m sorry lurp173 for tagging onto to your post . i ' ll ask you to forward this to all interested parties . flemington borough is about to permit a developer to raze the union hotel ! flood them with emails !
additionally , the freeholder board of hunterdon county appears to be in favor of this . this building is an iconic structure . i helped save the jail behind the courthouse in the 1990s . please protest !
for what im reading the mayor of flemington said he wants to move past the lindbergh kidnapping . that means he don ' t care about history . why would he want to upgrade flemington when its been built up for years outside of that street . keep it historic
i agree , they should keep the center of town historic . there ' s enough mall type shopping surrounding the town .
when the kidnapper pushed off the ladder with his right foot , so that he could pivot into the nursery window to his left , why didn ' t the ladder fall to the ground - unless someone was holding the ladder at the bottom .
i have a lot of stuff on this case , have a lot of letters that was sent to juror robert a . cravatt , also have the original letter sent to him where he was invited to the party and reception the night after the trials end , signed by john johnnidis
jane : sounds awesome . . . how did you wind up with this stuff ? i would definitely like to hear more about them and your story !
i have been trying for decades to get someone who has the clout to investigate , to come to delaware and talk with me about possible leads to info regarding the lindbergh baby . i am sincerely seeking help with this . i am not seeking fame or fortune - but truth
hey rick , what you been up to ? would be nice to hear from you - usually i ' m on michael ' s site .
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jackson roloff was born on may 12 , 2017 in providence st . vincent medical center , portland , oregon , usa as jackson kyle roloff .
aria dixon was born on may 5 , 2017 in sydney australia . she is an actress , known for doctor doctor ( 2016 ) .
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princess charlotte of cambridge was born on may 2 , 2015 in paddington , london , england as charlotte elizabeth diana mountbatten windsor .
austin cohen is a 3 year old actor . him alongside his twin aiden cohen form the new twin duo , the cohen twins . they ' ve been pegged the mary - kate and ashley of this generation . their use of method acting at such an early age is preparing them for their oscar worthy role in the near future .
aiden cohen is a 3 year old actor . him alongside his twin austin cohen form the new twin duo , the cohen twins . they ' ve been pegged the mary - kate and ashley of this generation . their use of method acting at such an early age is preparing them for their oscar worthy role in the near future .
olivia adrid was born in texas . olivia ' s favorite food is pizza and she loves dressing up . olivia can be sassy , but she can be very sweet ! in her free time , she loves singing and dancing . olivia played in movies with her friends and family in the past . olivia can also be hyper and energetic !
tian - lin chen was born on may 19 , 2012 in taiwan . he is an actor , known for roseki ( 2018 ) and their heaven ( 2017 ) .
davídek krízek was born on may 12 , 2012 in plzen , czech republic . he is an actor , known for modelky s . r . o . ( 2014 ) and sama doma ( 1998 ) .
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vitaliya kornienko was born on may 18 , 2010 in moscow , russia . she is an actress , known for ikariya ( 2018 ) , spacewalk ( 2017 ) and marshrut postroen ( 2016 ) .
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ramses was abandoned and was later found by a group of polish students in malaga when he was wandering in the highway . he was ten 2 months and a half old . the students have to go back to their country and they looked for someone who could take care of ramses . director ana torres - alvarez adopted him .
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bilbo foad was born on may 8 , 2008 in wales . he is an actor , known for the faction of farce ( 2015 ) .
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kate moyer began performing at the age of three as a dancer with the theatre dance academy in oshawa , ontario . she joined their competition team at four years old and focused on ballet , jazz , tap and hip hop . her competition team has won numerous awards at many dance competitions throughout ontario . . .
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chloe bancea was born on may 16 , 2007 in new york , new york , usa . she is an actress , known for the path ( 2016 ) .
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shakey was born on may 10 , 2007 in los angeles , california , usa as shakespeare schmitten lynne .
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jacqueline levine was born on april 23 , 2007 in new york city , new york , usa as jacqueline madison levine . she is an actress , known for all my children ( 1970 ) .
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josey smith was born on may 10 , 2006 in new mexico . she is an actress , model , and aspiring singer who is known for her role as
becky
in amc ' s adventure , drama fantasy tv series ,
preacher
( 2016 ) . josey caught the acting bug after she landed a featured background role as a biker ' s granddaughter . . .
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anna geitzen was born on may 9 , 2006 . she is an actress , known for days of our lives ( 1965 ) .
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caleb eckstein was born on april 21 , 2006 in paoli , pennsylvania , usa as caleb joseph eckstein . he is an actor , known for all my children ( 1970 ) , ugly betty ( 2006 ) and boardwalk empire ( 2010 ) .
ben eckstein was born on april 21 , 2006 in paoli , pennsylvania , usa as benjamin august eckstein . he is an actor , known for all my children ( 1970 ) , ugly betty ( 2006 ) and boardwalk empire ( 2010 ) .
alex eckstein was born on april 21 , 2006 in paoli , pennsylvania , usa as alexander vail eckstein . he is an actor , known for all my children ( 1970 ) , ugly betty ( 2006 ) and boardwalk empire ( 2010 ) .
walter bridgewater is an actor . walter lives in birmingham , al at the moment but will be willing to travel for movies and tv shows . known for psycho mom ( 2018 ) . walter has been in several theatre projects and is on his way to film . he has an acting coach named nikki burgos . she has been teaching him for . . .
edward george dring was born in genoa , italy , in 2005 from british and italian parentage . he began performing at the local theatre group at age seven and got his first break in 2013 when he was chosen for the role of luke in the short film nella tasca del cappotto . the film , directed by marco di . . .
andrew jackson may ( june 24 , 1875 – september 6 , 1959 ) was a kentucky attorney , an influential new deal - era politician , and chairman of the united states house committee on military affairs during world war ii , infamous for his rash disclosure of classified naval information that resulted in the loss of 10 american submarines and 800 sailors , don keith , war beneath the waves , penguin , 2010 , p . 11 and his subsequent conviction for bribery . may was a democratic party ( united states ) member of united states house of representatives from kentucky during the 72nd united states congress to 79th united states congress sessions of congress . , url accessed 2008 - 02 - 14 .
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allen b . gellman ( born april 19 , 1906 , fegyvernek , hungary – died september 13 , 1967 , los angeles , california ) was a jewelry manufacturer and first sponsor of you bet your life , the radio ( and later tv ) program hosted by groucho marx . gellman was elected to the horatio alger association of distinguished americans in 1956 .
allen gellman was born as adalbert bela gellman . he emigrated from hungary to the united states in 1930 , aged 24 and became a naturalized citizen on january 11 , 1939 . he worked as a machinist , attended night school , and began manufacturing costume jewelry .
gellman held patents for lighters , compacts , filler valves , and a container for personal items . gellman ' s inventiveness extended to his office desk , which he designed with hidden elevators and pivoting drawers , giving him fingertip control over everything inside .
gellman , president of the elgin american company , maker of watch cases , cigarette lighters , and compacts , was the first sponsor of you bet your life , groucho marx’s radio program , on abc radio and cbs radio from october 1947 to january 1950 . this company is unrelated to the elgin national watch company .