chevrolet sales india pvt ltd was a division of general motors india private limited which in turn was a joint venture of general motors of the united states .

it was the 5th largest car maker in india after maruti suzuki , hyundai , tata and mahindra .

general motors will stop selling cars in india by the end of 2017 .

however , it will continue to provide support for existing customers and continue operating its plant in talegaon as an export-only facility .

it will sell its halol plant to a chinese company during the process of its exit from the domestic indian market .

chevrolet sales india

chevrolet offers in india . choose a chevrolet car to know prices , features , reviews and photos .
chevrolet sail posted a 93 . 2 % decline in sales during the month . tavera ' s sales slumped by 66 % . besides this , chevrolet enjoy , sail u - va and trailblazer saw no sales during may .
of chevrolet cars in india despite folding sales , here ' s taking a look at gm ' s chevrolet current offerings will now bid farewell to indian shores .
most of chevrolet cars posted a large decline in sales during the month . for instance , chevrolet ' s highest selling model beat posted a 97 . 7 % decline in sales in may .
general motors announced overnight that it is leaving south africa completely , and that it will cease sales of chevrolet vehicles in india .
what happens to all the current chevrolet car owners in india ? and what happens to after sales service ? we try and answer your anxieties .
3 . these manufacturer - reported sales numbers are factory dispatches to dealerships . they are not retail sales figures to end customers .
general motors will officially stop selling cars in india from 1 january 2018 , the company has said . according to gm , sales of all chevrolet vehicles in india will end on 31 december 2017
there is something amiss about general motors india , well known in the country by its brand ‘chevrolet’ .
general motors india’s sales fell by more than a fifth last year to just 28 , 949 vehicles . photo : mint
royal enfield sales up 18 . 88 % at 58 , 439 units in february
jlr global sales up 0 . 9 % at 52 , 049 units in june
chevrolet ' ' s brand success in india can be measured with the fact that ; even general motors ' ' bankruptcy in the us did not hamper their sales in india . in fact , the bankruptcy had no impact on the indian operations . today , chevrolet sells its cars through 150 + dealers in more than 120 cities in india .
now two big questions need to be answered . will chevrolet supply parts and how will chevrolet car owners go about servicing their vehicles ?
as of 2010 chevrolet had operations in over 140 countries , and global sales in 2011 set a record with 4 . 76 million vehicles sold worldwide .
general motors has decided to wind up operations of its chevrolet brand in india . from january 2018 , the american company will stop selling cars in india .
general motors ' chevrolet brand saw its worst sales in may in over several years since it entered the indian market which was sparked by its exit announcement .
chevrolet cars came to india in 2003 . an office was set up in bombay with an assembly plant constructed in sewree . general motors was the first automobile company to open an assembly plant in india . vehicle production started in 1928 with the national series ab touring . in 1952 - 53 the ‘socialist’ indian government forced general motors india to shut shop , along with other foreign car companies however , in 2003 chevrolet sales india was established and the chevrolet brand was re - launched in india . it replaced opel as the only brand offering by general motors india private limited .
in india , industry sales have been growing . total industry sales increased 7 % in 2016 to 3 . 3 million , according to lmc automotive , and sales there are expected to increase 8 % annually over the next seven years , to 6 . 2 million by 2025 . still , auto sales fell at the end of last year as the country made changes to its monetary policy .
however , after 23 years of struggling in a highly competitive car market and contributing to less than one percent of car sales in the country , gm threw in the towel and announced that it would stop sales of its chevrolet brand in the country .
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a month earlier in april chevrolet sold 883 units . this huge drop in sales came after gm made the announcement that it will exit the indian market . it seems that all assurances regarding its after - sales service did not go to well with customers .
since then , there was no looking back for chevrolet in india . in 2009 , chevrolet launched the cruze which has been the best - seller in its class . chevrolet launched the beat in 2010 only to increase its market share significantly . chevrolet ' ' s premium suv , captiva too has been a strong player in its segment . the all korean car has caught the attention of many indians . the chevrolet aveo , aveo uva and the optra have not been able to contribute much to the overall sales .
chevrolet india is committed to maintain a service network across key locations with staff trained to take care of all the needs of your chevrolet for repair and maintenance . we will continue supporting chevrolet customers with service and spare parts and honouring warranties ,
the company said .
general motors ( gm ) announced last month that it will stop the domestic sales of its cars in india , but will continue its export operations from the country . gm , that operates through the chevrolet brand , however said that it will continue its domestic sales till december end this year . it further assured its customers that they will continue its after - sales operations for its existing customer base long after .
the bitter truth is that chevrolet owners are going to find themselves in the same boat that opel customers found themselves after gm - owned german brand shut shop in india to make way for chevrolet in 2006 .
we are not able to sell chevrolet cars after the announcement . customers are asking for a 50 per cent discount . some are even asking for buy one get one ,
says ravinder bansal , sales manager at delhi - based metro chevrolet showroom .
in the united states the chevrolet was the top selling car brand in 2011 .
chevrolet has announced monsoon service camps for its customers from 21 - 25 june .
general motors , one of the two major american automotive giants based in motor city , yesterday dropped the mother of all bombs on its indian customers when it announced that it would stop sales of chevrolet - branded cars in india .
then , how is life as a chevrolet customer ? the jd power 2012 india customer satisfaction service index study ranks chevrolet as third from the bottom amongst 12 manufacturers . for a company that ' s been in india for 19 years , gm should have done better .
meanwhile , the company ' s website from where it used to market its popular brand in the country says ,
chevrolet india is committed to maintain a service network across key locations in india with staff trained to take care of all the needs of your chevrolet for maintenance and repair . we will continue to honour your original chevrolet vehicle warranty as well as supporting you through chevrolet ' s roadside assistance . we will continue to provide spare parts for your chevrolet to support maintenance and repair of your vehicle .
this is a discussion on next - gen chevrolet cruze spotted in india , but it won ' t be launched here within the indian car scene , part of the bhp india category ; the new chevrolet cruze was spotted testing in india recently . while , general motors have decided to pull out of the . . .
ssangyong motor company ' s sales grow 7 . 7 % to touch the highest mark in 14 years
any chevrolet car owners out there , i ' d love to hear your feedback .
the detroit automaker said it would no longer market its chevrolet brand - . . .
hyundai , which has achieved three consecutive years of rising sales , now ranks second among all automakers in india . it overtook tata in 2014 , when it shifted its focus from exporting to local sales and began expanding its lineup in india rapidly . but hyundai ' s volume is still less than half of suzuki ' s .
we recently launched the new chevrolet beat hatchback for export to mexico and central and south american markets and will launch the chevrolet beat sedan later this year for those markets .
general motors will officially stop selling cars in india by the end of this calendar year , the company has said . the sale of chevrolet vehicles will end on 31 december 2017 , the company has said . as we had reported earlier today , in a surprising development , general motors has announced that the company will stop selling all gm cars in india , including the current models under the chevrolet brand . however , chevrolet india will continue to offer after sales and service support to existing customers , including vehicle warranty and service commitments made to customers .
new delhi : peeved by a compensation offer that they say is arbitrary in nature , some of general motors india pvt . ltd’s dealers plan to initiate legal action against the company and its subsidiary chevrolet sales india pvt . ltd ( csipl ) , even as the us company starts the process of exiting the country .
founded by louis chevrolet and ousted gm founder william c . durant on november 8 , 1911 , chevrolet was acquired by general motors in 1917 . actual design work for the first chevy , the costly series c classic six was drawn up by etienne planche , following the instructions of his old friend louis . the first c prototype was ready months before chevrolet was actually incorporated . china became chevrolet ' ' s third largest market , with sales 332 , 774 . . .
stocks are subject to availability . please reach out to a authorized chevrolet operation for additional details
and gm does better with the ' chevrolet ' branding than the ' opel ' branding .
china became chevrolet ' ' s third largest market , with sales 332 , 774 vehicles , behind only the united states and brazil . it was time that the company trickled down to other parts of asia . the launch of chevrolet marked general motors ' ' success in india . it set foot in india with the launch of optra in 2003 . the car was well received by the indian customers . chevrolet later launched the suv tavera which too did well in the indian market . but their true success was a ' ' spark ' ' of brilliance . with the launch of chevrolet spark , not only did the gm sales numbers shoot up , but they developed a sense of confidence in the indian consumers .
even though cars sales will cease from january 2018 , gm says its service centres will continue to be active .
chevrolet is among the newest brands in india launched by gm ' ' s india operations . until june 6 , 2003 ( the official birthday of chevrolet ) , gm india ( which was originally a joint venture with hindustan motors ) sold the opel corsa , astra , and the vectra . the corsa and astra were built at a plant in halol , gujarat .
this is a discussion on may 2017 : indian car sales figures & analysis within the indian car scene , part of the bhp india category ; notes : 1 : thanks to the team at auto punditz for sharing these sales numbers with us ! 2 : only cars that . . .
this is a discussion on december 2016 : indian car sales figures & analysis within the indian car scene , part of the bhp india category ; notes : 1 : thanks to the team at auto punditz for sharing these sales numbers with us ! 2 : only cars that . . .
since then , chevrolet currently sells cruze , spark , optra , aveo , tavera , captiva , srv ( now discontinued ) , beat and aveo u - va cars in india . the chevrolet forester , a rebadged subaru , was imported directly from fuji heavy industries in japan until 2005 . the optra and tavera are built at the halol plant . the chevrolet launched in india the captiva suv . the latest models launched by chevrolet are the beat and the cruze . except for srv , which we believe was launched ahead of its time , almost all chevrolet cars are well accepted by indians .
in 2010 , 1 out of every 1 , 615 people across the globe bought a chevrolet .
given that chevrolet cars in india did not fetch good resale value , the discontinuation of the cars will certainly take a hit . if you are looking to buy a used chevrolet car , then this could be an opportunity to buy a lower valued car .
this decision follows the automaker ' s decision last month to sell its european division , to discontinue sales of mainstream chevrolet models in europe in 2015 , to exit russia in 2015 and end manufacturing in australia in 2016 .
alliance chairman carlos ghosn has repeatedly said the group is committed to india and has acknowledged that india demands unique solutions in products .
the reason behind this move is that the sales of tavera , sail and enjoy have dropped tremendously in the recent months , which has forced the company to rethink its strategy for india .
gm says it would no longer market its chevrolet brand - its only brand of cars marketed in india - despite india ' s promise as a market set to overtake japan as the world ' s third largest in the next decade .
gm ' s customer service centre continues to provide 24 / 7 support to customers , and the company has listed out its customer service helpdesk email id ( gmi . cac @ gm . com ) , as well as toll number ( 1 - 800 - 3000 - 8080 ) for customers to reach out to regarding any queries about their vehicles and service - related requirements . chevrolet car dealers meanwhile maintain that general motors have yet to officially communicate the company ' s decision to stop sales of cars in india . many dealers say that they have stocks of chevrolet beat , chevrolet sail and chevrolet cruze .
we think they may have misfired on understanding the customer aspiration for chevrolet , especially in the last five years ,
puneet gupta , ihs markit ' s manager for south asia automotive sales forecasting , wrote in an email .
with the spares for the chevrolet cars still being manufactured , buying a chevrolet car would not be much of an issue . but the fact that the resale value of the car will indeed take a hit .
kaher kazen , managing director of gm india ,
gm india’s export business has tripled over the past year . exports will remain our focus going forward as we continue to leverage india’s strong supply base .
general motors’s decision to stop car sales in india is part of a larger restructuring plan that will see the carmaker exit south africa and concentrate on its operations in brazil and china . photo : bloomberg
history of chevrolet cars in india chevrolet or the chevy as it is popularly known was founded in 1911 by louis chevrolet , a swiss race car driver and automotive engineer . it was founded along with william c . durant and investment partners william little , james h . whiting , dr . edwin r . campbell and in 1912 r . s . mclaughlin ceo of general motors [ … ]
gm ' s latest foray into india started in 1994 , but the company was a well - known brand in pre - independence india where it sold multiple chevrolet cars , buses and trucks that were assembled in the country starting from the 1920s .
chevrolet sold many hatchbacks including the beat and the spark in india along with two utility vehicles : tavera and enjoy , along with the sporty cruze sedan and the huge trailblazer suv .
“there is a team for after - sales services as well as to serve customers beyond the warranty period with spare parts . we will support our customers , employees , dealers and suppliers . we will continue to honour all warranties and provide comprehensive after - sales support , ” kaher kazem , president and managing director , gm india , said .
general motors manufactures its cars from its halol and talegaon plants . chevrolet ' ' s halol plant has an annual capacity of 75000 units while the relatively new talegaon plant has a manufacturing capacity of 10000 units . chevrolet plans to double the manufacturing capacity by the end of 2010 . having now understood the indian customer ' ' s mindset , chevrolet has plans to bring in a few more cars to india .
gm is not with chevrolet with all heart in india . well reputed gm around the globe makes poor quality chevrolet vehicles in india . poor paint , inside plastic quality affects sell . question is why doesn ' t gm learn from all this ? how long chevy die hard fans will have to wait ? bow tie emblem is beauty in itself . in america very beautiful chevrolet models run on streets . when will gm
find new roads
to india . i loved to prefer american over korean , japanese made . and now i have to regret it . no market for used chevrolet vehicles . chevrolet cruz , beat and tavera did good . but it isn ' t enough after all these 19 yrs . need new angle . hope they find it . good luck .
the company will stop producing chevrolet vehicles , primarily the spark and utility , at its south african plant in struandale , port elizabeth . the chevrolet brand will be withdrawn from the south african market by the end of 2017 .
general motors on may 18 left many in the lurch when it announced shuttering its india sales operations . now , in order to clear vehicle inventories , gm , along with its dealers is offering huge discounts .
according to a new report , gm india is looking at wrapping up its sales operations and focus all its resources on manufacturing export oriented models at its talegaon plant . economic times reports that , according to its sources , production of india - specific right hand drive models at talegaon has already ceased . the plant currently produces only lhd chevrolet beat ( branded as spark ) for the mexican market .
india and china are key to fca ' s plan to globalize jeep and reach 2 million sales worldwide by the end of its five - year business plan in 2018 . the automaker expects to produce as many as 500 , 000 jeeps annually in india by the end of 2018 .
the low hexa sales are worrying . these can ' t be supply issues and gst alone . i wonder what more can tata motors or for that matter most other manufacturers do in this heavy herd mentality market . the scorpio sales amaze me . well done m & m .
sales numbers of the top 10 best sellers of 2016 . except for the kwid , rest all are from the maruti and hyundai stables .
general motors , one of the two major american automotive giants based in motor city , yesterday dropped the mother of all bombs on its indian customers when it announced that it would stop sales of cars in india .
the announcement follows gm ' s decision to sell its european division to french automaker psa groupe last month , and the decision to discontinue sales of mainstream chevrolet models in europe in 2015 , to exit russia in 2015 and end manufacturing in australia in 2016 .
gm to stop selling vehicles in once - promising india , exit south africa this decision follows the automaker ' s decision last month to sell its european division , to discontinue sales of mainstream chevrolet models in europe in 2015 , to exit russia in 2015 and end manufacturing in australia in 2016 . check out this story on urltoken urltoken
chevrolet ' s market share plummeted by nearly half from the previous month . while in april gm ' s chevrolet has a 0 . 32 % market share , in may it was down to only 0 . 15 % market share .
in addition to a production model based on the activ concept , chevrolet also planned to introduce their first compact sedan , the essentia in india . however , due to the diminutive sales of the brand in most categories , the carmaker is considering selling its halol production facility to china ' s saic motor corporation for the time being as a part of their consolidation process for india . that said , it can be expected that the company ' s comeback in the country could be better , however , with a proper strategy , consumer - oriented vehicles and acceptable aftersales , chevrolet could see better days in india .
chevrolet ' s trailblazer suv , the only imported model in the brand ' s india line - up , is also coming at a discount of rs 4 lakh , but sources tell us that the stock for this model has almost been cleared . chevrolet had earlier discontinued the u - va , sail and enjoy models .
aside from a temporary pullout during apartheid , gm has built cars in south africa since 1926 . but flat returns , a fluctuating rand , and struggling sales have dogged gm’s bottom line . cadillac pulled out of the country in 2010 . in 2016 , the entire international division , which includes south africa , posted a 15 percent yearly drop in sales to 673 , 499 . the company will maintain manufacturing and sales operations in kenya and egypt .
as with the other regions announced today , the chevrolet brand will leave the east african market by the end of 2017 .
we have prioritized providing certainty , stability and an orderly transition for our customers , our employees , our business partners . we will maintain an existing service network across key locations in india , as well as continuing to honour chevrolet vehicle warranties ; provide support through chevrolet’s roadside assistance , and spare parts to support maintenance and repair .
founded by louis chevrolet and ousted gm founder william c . durant on november 8 , 1911 , chevrolet was acquired by general motors in 1917 . actual design work for the first chevy , the costly series c classic six was drawn up by etienne planche , following the instructions of his old friend louis . the first c prototype was ready months before chevrolet was actually incorporated .
what does general motors india ' s decision to pull out of india mean for thousands of customers , dealers and employees ? we try and answer your concerns .
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chevrolet sold only 361 units during the month of may , according to data from the society of indian automobile manufacturers ( siam ) . this is an over 600 % decline in sales from the same month a year ago . it sold 2 , 615 units in may 2016 .
while chevrolet ' s cars are good , the news that gm is pulling out of the country could induce many panic sales from customers trying to leave what they consider to be a sinking ship . so , what should you do ? panic and sell your gold bowed car ?
new delhi : after losing over $ 1 billion in its bumpy 20 - year ride in india , general motors co . ( gm ) has finally decided to halt sales in the country by the year’s end to focus on exports .
the spin mpv looks decent and could taken some numbers away from ertiga ( if launched in india ) . chevrolet should have launched these vehicles and seen the response before taking the decision to quit indian market .
we do not intend to sell chevrolet vehicles in the indian market in the future . we firmly believe that focusing our business on exports is the best option to deliver a profitable and sustainable business in india .
chevrolet celebrates five generations of the iconic camaro . since the introduction of the first chevrolet camaro back in 1967 , the pony car has become an iconic piece of automotive history , and helped shape a design legacy that is about to enter its sixth generation .
while its sales outlets will shut down by december 2017 , chevrolet has promised to maintain a service network across key locations of the country . however , it has not yet specified where these locations will be . gm will continue to manufacture cars in india for exports and has committed to honour all warranty , service package agreements and maintain spare parts support for its vehicles .
however , only the tavera managed to make a mark as far as sales are concerned , which was mostly because it was a hit at yellow board central .
detroit — general motors executives say they decided to end sales in india because they no longer saw a path to decent profits . but their pessimism about the world ' s second - most - populous country is more a product of gm ' s own missteps in india over more than two decades than the market ' s prospects .
? you can expect that what happened in china . . . is going to happen in india , ? said carlos ghosn , chairman of the renault - nissan alliance . nissan india inaugurated a new dealership in bengaluru , india , in december , above .
gm ' s retreat from india contrasts with the aggressive approach of its japanese rivals , which are counting on india for long - term growth and piling in with investments .
ghosn : the renault - nissan alliance is committed to india for the long haul .
replying to et’s email query , gm india’s spokesperson stated that the company will not respond to speculation . she added that , gm india is evaluating its future product portfolio .
existing chevrolet brand customers will continue to be supported . gm’s india managing director kaher kazem said the company will honour commitments to supply spare parts and meet service and warranty obligations on the cars that it has already sold .
general motors started in india in a joint venture with hindustan motors in 1995 , using the latter’s plant at halol in gujarat . it started selling cars under the opel brand , and later switched to the chevrolet badge .
at 0 . 84 % , gm has a minuscule share of india’s car market after maintaining a presence in the country for two decades . two years ago , it announced plans to invest $ 1 billion in india . but that hasn’t materialized . gm first shut its operations in halol , gujarat , before deciding to stop sales altogether .
gm india’s sales were down 21 per cent in 2016 - 17 to 25 , 823 units . its production , however , grew 16 per cent to 83 , 368 units , mainly for export . the exports are centred around its small car ‘beat’ .
general motors recently announced the decision to withdraw its chevrolet brand in india . the company will be ceasing the sale of chevrolet cars in the country on 31st december 2017 . the company ' s indian website isn ' t operational anymore and instead , you now see the official announcement along with a host of frequently asked questions answered . while the company ' s struggles with sales weren ' t exactly hidden , the move to shut shop altogether is certainly an unprecedented one . that said , gm has only shut its retail arm in india and will continue to manufacture vehicles from its talegaon facility for export markets .
the decision was taken apparently as part of a series of restructuring actions from the detroit - headquartered automaker on thursday . the company says it will no longer market its chevrolet brand of vehicles in india , despite india set to overtake japan as the world ' s third largest auto market over the next decade .
gm plans to keep operating its tech center in bengaluru and to refocus its india manufacturing operations by making one of its two assembly plants in india . ( image : reuters )
general motors co will stop selling cars in india from the end of this year , drawing a line under two decades of battling in one of the world ' s most competitive markets where it has less than a one percent share of passenger car sales .
after 21 years of operations in india , general motors has announced that it will stop selling cars in india as a part of its global restructuring actions . in an e - mail interaction with bw businessworld , kaher kazem , president and managing director of general motors india , said that the company has no plans to re - introduce the ‘chevrolet’ brand in the domestic market . below are the edited excerpts :
general motors , commonly known in india as the auto company that sold the chevrolet brand of cars in the country decided last week that it will shut shop and say goodbye to the world ' s fifth - largest car market .
announcement regarding the halt of sales operations in expected to be made in may . this comes as a troubling news for the brand’s existing dealers and customers in the country .
reports suggest that gm india is discussing the transition process and they will continue to help in providing after sales service to customers . gm said that they would provide all support to its dealerships . however , there is no official confirmation on the course of action .
despite being an early entrant , gm has struggled to boost its sales and market share in india in part because it has failed to launch low - cost yet feature - rich vehicles that indian buyers prefer , according to analysts . many of them also blame the high cost of maintaining and servicing chevy cars for deterring cost - conscious buyers in india .
samsung has taken the ‘make in india’ initiative to another level by launching ‘ . . .
in 1954 , the detroit - based automaker shut shop and left india . however , gm continued to build vehicles in india in partnership with hindustan motors till it returned to the country to form general motors india private limited in a 50 - 50 partnership with hindustan motors .
these dealers say they were assured that the company would launch 10 new products in india .
in 2015 , on a visit to india , gm ceo mary teresa barra had announced plans to invest $ 1 billion in india to increase manufacturing operations and launch 10 locally produced models . but sources say the company did not make that investment — and in fact gm has not invested much in india since its inception . it , however , did spent $ 1 billion from 2003 to 2011 on the chevrolet brand .
chevrolet has the technology , portfolio of products which includes a small car , quite a few sedans , a utility vehicle and a network which covers almost 170 cities in the country . but it continues to remain a fringe player in india
at aravali chevrolet , general motors ' only dealership in gurugram , the showroom has been wearing a deserted look ever since the news came that the car manufacturer is winding down its india business . according to deepa bisht , customer care manager at aravali chevrolet ,
walk - in customers have come down significantly , and whoever comes into the showroom now asks for irrational discounts .
the us carmaker , which was currently selling cars like beat , cruze , tavera , sail and captiva in india will now focus only on exports from its talegaon manufacturing hub . in 2006 , gm had discontinued its struggling opel brand after sluggish sales in the country .
the factory will , however , cease producing cars for the local market , and the chevrolet brand will be retired by the end of 2017 .
my 2 cents . absolutely confused with the sales chart ! i am not able to understand how may sales became the lowest for the year till now ! these are factory dispatches and not real purchases so a customer waiting for gst and it ' s effect will not be affected here . wonder what happened . i assumed dzire will set the sales on fire this month . maybe i was expecting it too soon . but am sure it is going to happen . i am predicting top 5 positions to be swept by msil in june sales . any challenge ? amaze sales are really dwindling and no one in honda has time to see that . they are busy celebrating the inflated success of wrv . with dzire coming to full swing next month , expect more damage . except grand i10 , all hyundai number are in red when compared to april sales . wonder what happened there . what ' s happening with renault ? kwid clearly losing out but to whom ? too early to call hexa a dud ? i personally would love to see that as a well deserved blockbuster .
earlier today , lijee philip , a journalist with the economic times wrote an interesting piece detailing gm’s losses in india . the story states that general motors india recorded a loss of rs . 746 crore in 2012 . and that ever since gm began its india operations , its losses have piled up to rs . 1598 crore , making it the least profitable car company in india .
with its domestic sales having hit the skids , general motors decided on thursday to exit the indian market by the end of 2017 , and focus instead on manufacturing vehicles for export .
hey mishra such as a you share wonderful experience with us . thanks to you . i am a chevrolet car dealer i understand your all experience .
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ford ' s sales in india have more than doubled in the past decade , though it described the country as a
significant challenge
in its 2016 annual report . spokesman kapil sharma said ford continues to assess its operations
to deliver sustainable profit over the long term .
what ' s going wrong ? last week i spent some time chatting with a dealer of chevrolet in mumbai . here’s the essence of what he said . chevrolet in india is an average performing car company . everything about it is average - their cars , design , engines , sales and after sales . they aren ' t exceptionally great in any of these areas . “in the mind of the customer , maruti suzuki stands for the best in class fuel efficiency and network . the mantle of german engineering is held by volkswagen . people believe what they are buying is a premium vehicle with great engineering . the stamp of reliability is with toyota . what do we stand for ? ” he said . tough one . i understand that in the us , gm stands for sports utility vehicles , trucks , crossovers and muscle cars . obviously it has none of that positioning in india .
the detroit automaker said early thursday that it will transform its business in india into an export - only operation and sell its operations in south africa to isuzu . gm said its will stop selling its chevrolet brand in both markets by the end of 2017 .
for a company that ' s been here since 1994 , that ' s pretty dismal . why ? a . it is a long time to get your act together . b . on the face of it , gm doesn ' t seem to have any big teething problem . let me explain . now it is pretty well known that fiat doesn ' t do well in india because the company has issues when it comes to after sales and network . maruti suzuki is the market leader but it has a limitation in terms of number of diesel engines it can buy from fiat or ones that it can make in its own plant . honda india does not even have a diesel engine so it is obvious that honda’s sales volumes will take a hit . volkswagen is fairly new in the country and doesn’t have a small car in its portfolio to compete with the likes of maruti and hyundai . renault and nissan still have a pretty small sales and after sales network .
kazem added that gm india continues to work towards the asset - only sale of the halol site .
kaher kazem , president and managing director , gm india said ,
chevrolet is focused on delivering to our indian customers the safe , high - quality vehicles they want backed by the world - class customer experience they deserve . we have a strong plan to launch at least five new chevrolet models within the space of 24 months , including the new trailblazer , new beat , essentia , new cruze and beat activ .
the chevrolet v8 design was first launched in 1955 and has been produced uninterrupted ever since . the current - day models are updated versions of the original engine .
drivespark suggests , if your chevrolet is running without any issues , you should stop and get your grey cells working before deciding to sell your car in haste .
ford ' s exports from india are expected to continue to grow in the coming years , as the automaker plans to begin selling the india - built ecosport subcompact crossover in the u . s . in early 2018 . it will be the first ford built in india and exported to the u . s .
the chevrolet brand is currently undergoing a product restructuring in north america along with all other gm brands in order to fit into the parent company ' ' s turnaround efforts and to rebuild gm . general motors has recently been in development to make more fuel efficient chevrolet branded vehicles in order to compete with companies like toyota and honda . the monte carlo , discontinued in 2007 , is said to be replaced by the camaro , also a coupe . at the 2009 detroit auto show , the production version of the chevrolet spark was displayed under the nameplate of spark . general motors announced that the spark would go into production in the us . along with the spark , general motors will introduce two more models : the plug - in hybrid 2011 chevrolet volt ; and the 2011 chevrolet cruze , successor to the cobalt .
india isn ' t a source of high - margin sales because most of the vehicles sold there are low - priced entry models . but the market is huge and growing quickly . it is also moving upscale , with growing demand for luxury brands in the wealthier urban centers . in march , toyota launched its luxury lexus brand in india , saying it will offer its flagship ls sedan and two hybrids .
© 2017 general motors accessories shown on the website may not be a part of the standard equipment . colors and specifications are subject to change without prior notice . colors shown may not match the actual colors due to visual limitations . features mentioned and accessories shown will vary by model and may not be a part of the standard equipment . chevrolet is a registered trademark of general motors llc . some features shown are optional and may be available only on select models . non - metallic prices . prices mentioned are subject to change , and chevrolet sales india pvt . ltd . reserves the right to modify the prices at its discretion at any point in time without any notification . prices shown are ex - showroom delhi , for exact prices , please contact an authorized chevrolet operation in your area .
spy shots of the mid - engine corvette have surfaced once again fuelling rumours that the chevrolet is working on bringing out a super car for its iconic sporty brand .
chevrolet has promised to maintain a service network in key locations across the country . however , the company has not specified where exactly these service centres will be located .
morgan stanley adam jonas , in a report earlier this week , said ford also is struggling in india .
the spin mpv looks decent and could taken some numbers away from ertiga ( if launched in india ) .
ford plans to begin selling the india - built ecosport in the u . s . in early 2018 .
the explosively growing food delivery business in india is going upmarket , getting specialised and dishing out . . .
gm had earlier announced that it ' s investment on future india product program has been put on hold .
gm plans to continue to work on the $ 5 billion gem programme , which gm is developing with saic motor . ammann said the programme remains on track , even without india now , to account for about 2 million vehicles a year in global sales volume , mainly in latin america , mexico and china .
gm ' s withdrawal from india comes at a time when automakers from around the world are betting big on the lucrative car market in the country . in april , south korean carmaker kia motors corp signed a deal to invest about $ 1 . 1 billion to build its first factory in india . the automaker is looking to milk the fast growing indian market at a time when china is recording a slump in sales .
gm seems to be a market leader and as for future strategy believes in going aggressive in countries like india , china , brazil and russia so why is it not reviving the image of chevrolet in india when they are planning for small segment car of chevy sonic in us . does this approach shows that company is not in lieu with their strategy or has lost hope from indian market .
gm india currently exports the chevrolet beat hatchback and sedan to a number of left - hand - drive markets in latin america and we recently announced regular shipment of sedan version of chevrolet beat to latin america markets . we have a robust export outlook that supports continued manufacturing at our talegaon plant and further leveraging of our local supply base . focussing on exports is the best path to profitability , although we continue to look at options to enhance our business .
through march , indian light - vehicle sales climbed a robust 10 percent to 1 . 02 million vehicles , according to lmc automotive , despite economic headwinds caused by a government crackdown on large cash transactions . that ' s healthy growth in a global landscape where the u . s . is largely seen as having peaked . lmc forecasts indian light - vehicle sales to end 2017 up 8 percent at 3 . 61 million .
teamlease services , a recruitment and consultancy concern , has been an observer - participant in india’s labour . . .
though the company has reassured the customers that they will be provided services and repair parts as promised , but the re - sale value of chevrolet cars have come down drastically .
come to think of it , this is a subsidiary of general motors , one of the largest car companies in the world . the story becomes a little bit more curious when you compare the indian unit’s performance against gm’s operations in other parts of the world . gm is doing pretty well in brazil , in china , in south korea , in russia , in america…except india . the top 10 markets for chevrolet in 2011 looked like this : america , brazil , china , russia , mexico , canada , argentina , uzbekistan , india and colombia . things changed quite a bit in 2012 . india sales crashed from 1 , 11 , 056 in 2011 to 94 , 757 units in 2012 . that’s a drop of 15 percent .
using india ' as an export base ' is all lip service . they will eventually exit india completely , but don ' t want a pr debacle . hence , the slow poison . first get rid of the gj plant ( and announce a fake $ 1 billion investment ) , then comes the shocker of a shutdown of local sales . . . . and finally , an exit from india completely . i think it ' ll happen in the next 1 - 2 years itself . whoever buys the talegaon plant will get a great deal on it .
the renault - nissan alliance remains bullish on india — even as it works through its own challenges there . mitsubishi , which became part of the alliance last year , also is counting on india to help spark a global rebound .
chevrolet or the chevy as it is popularly known was founded in 1911 by louis chevrolet , a swiss race car driver and automotive engineer . it was founded along with william c . durant and investment partners william little , james h . whiting , dr . edwin r . campbell and in 1912 r . s . mclaughlin ceo of general motors in canada .
we are not able to sell chevrolet cars after the announcement . customers are asking for a 50 per cent discount . some are even asking for buy one get one .
gm’s consumer websites for both india and south africa redirected traffic to a single page detailing the pullout in their respective markets . the company said it will keep “around 90” of the 137 chevrolet and opel dealers open in south africa to sell isuzu’s light commercial trucks and honor all warranties and service . gm did not specify how many dealers it would close in india but said they would “transition to authorized service outlets” and be offered compensation .
india is expected to surpass japan as the third biggest auto market in the next decade . india has an extremely low vehicle penetration rate , with only 32 vehicles per 1 , 000 people as of 2015 . this means that there is considerable room for the auto market to grow and , according to goldman sachs , vehicle sales could double from 3 million last year by 2025 . however , there are costs to capturing this growth that general motors isn’t willing to take on .
although the showrooms are finalizing shutdown dates , for gm , the entire country is their showroom . if they start assembling that cruze in india , it ' s going to be the ultimate make in india statement , adding salt to the injury .
we are excited about what we can bring to the luxury market in india , where we see opportunities mapped to the remarkable growth the country is experiencing ,
lexus india senior vice president akitoshi takemura said in a release at the time .
when chevrolet introduced the sail sedan in early 2013 , it looked like a promising start for the american automaker . the car was chinese designed , which meant that it would be . . .
i agree with one aspect of discussion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . lot many products in similar range can result in cannibalism on each other . chevrolet spark is an excellent city drive vehicle with good ac , 4 cylinder engine , air suspension and minimal parking space . . . . gm tends to market beat in its place resulting in reduction in spark sales . . . .
president and managing director general motors india , kaher kazem ( l ) and tim mahoney , chief marketing officer global chevrolet and global gm marketing operations leader at gm , pose with the newly launched beat activ at the indian auto expo 2016 in greater noida , on the outskirts of new delhi on february 3 , 2016 .
dan ammann , gm’s global president , said the restructuring actions for india announced on thursday , in essence , cancels
most
of the plan gm unveiled in 2015 to invest $ 1 billion in india to deploy newly - designed vehicle architecture as part of a global emerging market vehicle programme or gem for short and build a new line of low - cost vehicles in india .


intel trusted execution technology ( intel txt , formerly known as lagrande technology ) is a computer hardware technology whose primary goals are : attestation of the authenticity of a platform and its operating system .

assuring that an authentic operating system starts in a trusted environment , which can then be considered trusted .

providing of a trusted operating system with additional security capabilities not available to an unproven one .

intel txt uses a trusted platform module ( tpm ) and cryptographic techniques to provide measurements of software and platform components so that system software as well as local and remote management applications may use those measurements to make trust decisions .

this technology is based on an industry initiative by the trusted computing group ( tcg ) to promote safer computing .

it defends against software-based attacks aimed at stealing sensitive information by corrupting system or bios code , or modifying the platform 's configuration .

trusted execution technology

trusted execution technology . in : intel® trusted execution technology for server platforms . apress , berkeley , ca
is execute bit and intel® trusted execution technology ( intel® txt ) basically the same thing ? i mean to ask if intel® trusted execution technology ( intel® txt ) is some kind of advance version of execute bit technology .
security researchers joanna rutkowska and colleague rafal wojtczuk , discovered new intel bugs that would allow attackers to bypass intel trusted execution technology .
intel® trusted execution technology server platform availability matrix - this list will help you to determine which platforms and operating environments support intel txt .
arm security technology building a secure system using trustzone technology : 5 . 2 . 2 . secure boot
bill attack on the xen hypervisor , two researchers have demonstrated how to bypass the chip - maker giant ' s trusted execution technology ( txt ) , a core security around its vpro technology .
formerly known as lagrande technology , trusted execution technology is a set of hardware extensions on intel processors and chipsets . it ensures that all aspects of the computer run in a
trusted
space , by cryptographically verifying the authenticity of all hardware and operating system software .
trusted execution technology
is much more than just a cpu feature , it has to be integrated into the chipset and bios as well . see the documents available at : urltoken
intel trusted execution technology ( intel txt ) is the name of a computer hardware technology whose primary goals are ( a ) attestation – attest to the authenticity of a platform and its operating system ( os ) ; ( b ) assure that an authentic os starts in a trusted environment and thus can be considered a trusted os ; ( c ) provide the trusted os with additional security capabilities not available to an unproven os .
this book explains intel trusted execution technology for servers , its purpose , application , advantages , and limitations and guides the server administrator / datacenter manager in enabling the technology as well as establishing a launch control policy that can be used to customize the server’s boot process to fit the datacenter’s requirements .
trusted boot ( tboot ) is an open source , pre - kernel / vmm module that uses intel ( r ) trusted execution technology ( intel ( r ) txt ) to perform a measured and verified launch of an os kernel / vmm . mercurial repo : urltoken .
intel® trusted execution technology ( intel txt ) is a new security technology that started appearing on intel server platforms in 2010 . this book explains intel trusted execution technology for servers , its purpose , application , advantages , and limitations . this book guides the server administrator / datacenter manager in enabling the technology as well as establishing a launch control policy that he can use to customize the server’s boot process to fit the datacenter’s requirements . this book explains how the os ( typically a virtual machine monitor or hypervisor ) and supporting software can build on the secure facilities afforded by intel txt to provide additional security features and functions . it provides examples how the datacenter can create and use trusted pools .
the answer is a higher level of security , better ability to mitigate attacks , and the means to prove those capabilities are enforced . intel trusted execution technology ( or intel txt ) can now be a significant part of that solution .
the steps defined in this section can be used to set up intel txt functionality on a supported system , as defined in the “hardware and software prerequisites” section of this document and the intel® trusted execution technology server platform availability matrix [ 5 ] .
arm trustzone technology provides system - wide hardware isolation for trusted software . the family of trustzone technologies can be integrated into any arm cortex - a core , supporting high - performance applications processors , with trustzone technology for cortex - a processors .
globalplatform is a standards - defining organisation that provides software apis , compliance and certification schemes for the trusted execution environment ( tee ) . the work is done in the device committee with the aim of creating trusted chip technology that can be used to provide confidentiality and integrity to trusted code and data . the tee consists of three parts : hardware - based isolation technology ( such as arm trustzone ) , trusted boot and a small trusted os . the tee can be used to run multiple isolated trusted apps which may be provisioned over the air . compared to other security technologies the tee provides higher performance and access to larger amounts of memory .
figure 5 illustrates , at a high level , potential interactions between different management solutions and a trusted system or trusted vm .
note : to choose server platforms , operating environments , and hypervisors that support intel txt , please refer to the intel® trusted execution technology server platform availability matrix . [ 1 ] this document assumes the presence of supported hardware and software components , as defined in that matrix .
the escalation and sophistication of malicious threats has organizations employing more stringent security requirements and scrutinizing every aspect of their execution environment . organizations are looking to their cloud providers to offer hardware monitoring and security controls that can determine if a workload is running on trusted hardware in a known location . softlayer’s leading the way by enabling customers to deploy hybrid and cloud environments with enhanced security verification of their launch environment using intel® trusted execution technology ( intel® txt ) .
tsp delivers kinibi® , a trusted execution environment ( tee ) , which is a hardware - isolated environment , running within the main processor on a device . it is a secure operating system which enables trusted applications ( tas ) to run on it .
membership in the trusted computing group is your key to participating with fellow industry stakeholders in the quest to develop and promote trusted computing technologies .
a grc platform combined with trusted compute pools can enable auditing information on a trusted platform or a trusted compute pool . this capability can help provide real - time or historical metrics , verifying that platforms are trusted as expected and that workload controls for trust and location are enforced .
i see that intel has listed
trusted execution technology
as a feature for its core i7 - 860 and - 870 processors . . . but not for the other core i7 processors and not for the core i5 processor either . judging from intel ' s marketing department - -
. . . helps protect against malware attacks by enabling an environment where applications can run within their own space , protected from all other software on the system . . .
- - this sounds like it could be a useful feature . so why is trusted execution technology not offered on the rest of core i7 and core i5 ?
getting this error on docker startup . . .
hardware assisted virtualization and data execution protection must be enabled in the bios
intel trusted execution technology is available today on selected platforms . the platform availability matrix and the builder guides are for your reference . they are there to help you design and setup your secure environment . if you have other solutions , i would encourage you to share them , so we can learn as a community .
it is beneficial to be able to identify and manage the trusted systems protected by intel txt within your environment . insight into which systems are trusted and which are untrusted can be used to set up trusted lists or trusted pools . those systems that are trusted can be assigned tasks that require higher security ; this capability is particularly valuable in virtualized and cloud - based implementations .
actually
trusted execution technology
is available on practically all modern pc cpus , on both amd and intel chips . look if
execute disable bit
is mentioned for the i7 - 860 and - 870 ' s specs . that ' s another term intel ' s marketing uses , for something commonly called
nx bit
urltoken
the term trusted computing and related technologies , like palladium , trusted platform module , lagrande , have always caused lots of controversy in the it world . most of the fear , however , has been a result of the lack of understanding of how a particular technology really works .
as the cloud industry evolves , so does the volume , complexity , and sophistication of attacks on it infrastructure . intel ® trusted execution technology ( txt ) provides hardware - assisted security technologies to build a secure foundation . enable intel txt on your bluemix bare metal servers to enhance your security portfolio and as an additional method to secure your infrastructure .
if the system returns a 1 , then the current boot is in trusted mode .
lenovo , asus , and toshiba are known as the first three big computer manufacturers to put that technology into practical use and to bring about greater convenience for their customers . the one question to ask is whether such technology is really safe and secure for its users to enjoy .
to create a trusted environment and enable the management layer within it , certain hardware and software requirements must be met . the following discussion summarizes , at a high level , the components that must be present and properly configured before management can be fully realized for a trusted platform , a trusted vm , or a group of trusted vms . figure 2 illustrates these requirements .
, is intel ' s response to the trusted computing trend . txt is currently part of the
trusted os : a host os that has performed a measured launch and passed the datacenter policy .
intuit ' s latest ai project - - a digital financial assistant - - could help its customers save money , while breaking new technology . . .
intel® trusted execution technology ( intel® txt ) is a collection of hardware - based security technologies built into intel’s silicon . they address the security threats across physical and virtual infrastructure by complementing runtime protections like anti - virus software . intel txt is also a hardware - based method of verification in compliance efforts such as trusted computing environment . intel txt is designed to harden platforms from the emerging threats of hypervisor attacks , bios , or other firmware attacks , malicious root kit installations , or other software - based attacks .
looks like
trusted execution technology
may not be so trustworthy :
joanna rutkowska of invisible things lab has disclosed a new vulnerability in certain intel processors . . . [ that ] can interfere with txt ( trusted execution technology ) , allowing it to elevate privileges . . . the result is a recipe for rootkits running at the most basic , privileged level of the processor . intel has issued an advisory conceding the error and announcing a new sinit acm ( authenticated code module ) to fix the problem . systems with q35 , gm45 , pm45 express , q45 , and q43 express chipsets are affected . this isn ' t the first such flaw in txt found by invisible things lab . a similar , but unrelated attack was disclosed by them and patched by intel in february .
- excerpted from pc magazine ' s security watch
the armv8 - m architecture extends arm trustzone technology to arm cortex - m systems such as microcontrollers , enabling robust levels of protection at all cost points .
buffer overflow in intel trusted execution technology ( txt ) sinit authenticated code modules ( acm ) in intel q67 express , c202 , c204 , c206 chipsets , and mobile intel qm67 , and qs67 chipset before 2nd _ gen _ i5 _ i7 _ sinit _ 51 . bin express ; intel q57 , 3450 chipsets and mobile intel qm57 and qs57 express chipset before i5 _ i7 _ dual _ sinit _ 51 . bin and i7 _ quad _ sinit _ 51 . bin ; mobile intel gm45 , gs45 , and pm45 express chipset before gm45 _ gs45 _ pm45 _ sinit _ 51 . bin ; intel q35 express chipsets before q35 _ sinit _ 51 . bin ; and intel 5520 , 5500 , x58 , and 7500 chipsets before sinit acm 1 . 1 allows local users to bypass the trusted execution technology protection mechanism and perform other unspecified sinit acm functions via unspecified vectors .
trusted computing group announced that its tpm 2 . 0 ( trusted platform module ) library specification was approved as a formal international standard under iso / iec ( the international organization for standardization and the international electrotechnical commission ) . tcg has 90 + specifications and guidance documents to help build a trusted computing environment .
yes , i would like to receive emails from trusted computing group . ( you can unsubscribe anytime )
some people are skeptical about the txt technology , and not only because of the irrational fear of the trusted computing ( iftc ) , but rather because they point out to the complexity of the whole technology . the complexity is bad , because 1 ) it leaves more space for potential attacks , and 2 ) it discourages developers ( isvs ) from using the technology in their products ( e . g . neither microsoft , nor vmware make use of txt in any of their bare - metal hypervisors , even though txt is very well suited for this kind of software ) .
for armv8 - a based application processors arm provides an open source reference implementation of an authenticated trusted boot flow and a secure runtime ( bl31 ) . arm trusted firmware is available on github under a permissive bsd licence and can be easily integrated with a commercial or open source trusted os to create a trusted execution environment . included in the runtime is a secure world monitor , interrupt routing and an implementation of power state co - ordination interface ( psci ) that is used by all major non - secure world operating systems to ease integration between supervisory software from different vendors working at different levels of privilege . there is a port of arm trusted firmware to the juno development platform and it is widely adopted by silicon partners . for more information , please visit the arm trusted firmware project on github .
figure 4 . migrating vms among hosts while protecting data , using trusted compute pools enabled by intel txt .
intel® xeon® processor with intel txt - provides simultaneous support for a standard partition , and one or more protected partitions . the standard partition corresponds to the traditional execution environment on pcs that do not support intel txt . the partition allows conventional applications to execute normally without being modified . protected partitions provide hardened access to memory and other system resources , and isolate execution from other processes .
if the system returns vmbtbootenabled = true as a boot option , then the current boot is in trusted mode .
intel ® trusted execution technology ( intel ® txt ) is a technology that uses enhanced processor architecture , special hardware , and associated firmware that enable certain intel processors to provide the basis for many new innovations in secure computing . it is especially well suited for cloud computing and other uses where data integrity is paramount . its primary goal is to establish an environment that is known to be trusted from the very start and further provide system software with the means to provide a more secure system and better protect data integrity . this is essential in that if the platform cannot be protected , then the data it will store or process cannot really be protected . at a minimum , this technology provides discrete integrity measurements that can prove or disprove a software component’s integrity . these software components include , but are not limited to , code ( such as bios , firmware , and operating system ) , platform and software configuration , events , state , status , and policies .
an mle provides a software - verification process to attest that all of the critical components of the pre - os launch environment have been verified against a known good source , ensuring a secure chain of custody from the moment a system is powered on until the system kernel or hypervisor takes control . an intel txt - aware hypervisor provides isolation for host oss and applications . to identify operating environments and hypervisors that support intel txt , please refer to the intel® trusted execution technology server platform availability matrix [ 4 ] .
txt is , no doubt , exciting new technology , but intel ' forgot ' about one small detail about smm ,
said rutkowska said .
the whole point about txt is that you don ' t have to trust your , for example , your bios , you don ' t have to trust your eeproms , anything . you can have a system that isn ' t trusted , and magically , it is trusted .
this book details innovative technology that provides significant benefit to both the cloud consumer and the cloud provider when working to meet the ever increasing requirements of trust and control in the cloud . ”
the researchers said that a single design flaw is responsible for the bugs and results in more than 40 places in which code execution vulnerabilities could be introduced . they have exploited two vulnerabilities , strongly implying they could exploit more .
this book describes how this technology can benefit the datacenter , and it specifically addresses the concerns of the cloud service provider and the cloud service client . the goals of this book are as follows :
once select servers are provisioned with intel txt , the infrastructure level building blocks will enable a customer to build trusted compute pools .
as already mentioned in this document , the ability to assign sensitive workloads or ensure that confidential data is only executed on trusted platforms or trusted vms can have substantial benefits . consider the case where a patient wants to access his or her detailed medical history . a web hosting server with a trusted status could display the information to the end user once they have logged on , but if the web hosting server was found to be on a non - trusted host , the policy engine could reduce functionality and prevent logins .
the means for a trusted os ( that is , the system operating in the secure mode environment ) to provide additional security features .
the attack subverts txt ' s trusted boot process , which relies on the trusted platform module to provide essential services , such as securely storing txt measurements in tpm registers . these measurements are used to ensure , for example , that only a trusted version of the hypervisor can get access to secrets , such as an encryption key , or authenticate itself to , say , an administrator ' s laptop .
arm trustzone creates an isolated secure world which can be used to provide confidentiality and integrity to the system . it is used on billions of applications ' processors to protect high - value code and data for diverse use cases including authentication , payment , content protection and enterprise . on application processors it is frequently used to provide a security boundary for a globalplatform trusted execution environment .
typical use cases for a arm trustzone based tee include : trusted boot , integrity management , authentication , payment , content protection , crypto and mobile device management . secure world device drivers can be used to interface to peripherals and for example used to enable trusted user interfaces .
* * special technical notice * * intel® trusted execution technology ( intel® txt ) is provided by intel® and operates on softlayer ' s bare metal servers that require specific technical knowledge to support and manage . softlayer ' s current delivery model allows us to turn intel txt either on or off ; we cannot assist with configuration of intel txt settings due to the sensitivity of customer environments and data . it is recommended that customers either have staff trained in intel ' s txt technologies or engage with a consulting firm with proven expertise in orchestrating root of trust and measured launch environment ( mle ) architecture .
intel trust attestation solution ( enterprise edition ) provides a web interface for ease of administration of trusted compute hosts , shown in figure 9 .
intel txt allows software to define a safe , isolated execution space within the larger system . controls on this execution space allow operations to be executed without being observed or influenced by unauthorized software . multiple of these execution spaces may exist on the system at once , and each has dedicated resources that are managed by the processor , chipset , and os kernel . there are many parts that make intel txt work within a server . but there isn’t a good publicly - available utility to validate that all these components are available and functional for server systems . in this blog , i will provide a brief overview of the components and the reference information , address the how - to setup intel txt supported environment , and the availability of hardware and software .
the trusted computing group has defined a series of specifications that define how a commercial computing platform can support code measurement in a trusted manner . intel developed an openattestation sdk , released to open source , that takes advantage of the infrastructure work group integrity report schema specification [ 45 ] .
the mobile platform work group ( mpwg ) promotes the implementation of tcg technologies in mobile devices to support the wide variety of business models in consumer , enterprise , government , and academic environments . mpwg defines specifications and recommendations for trustworthy mobile devices that address the resource constraints of mobile devices ( e . g . , intermittent connectivity and limited battery life ) . mpwg collaborates closely with global platform and has co - developed recommended best practices for the use of trusted execution environment ( tee ) and other global platform technologies in trusted mobile devices .
please see the ovirt manual , “ trusted compute pools deployment [ 49 ] ” for guidelines on deploying oat within a red hat fedora environment .
it is true that txt is a very complex technology ( the senter instruction is probably the masterpiece of the cisc architecture ! ) , but i personally like it . in my opinion this is the first technology available for the pc platform that has the potential to really change something , much more then the nx - feature did a few years ago . before people will run to the comment box — if you would like to argue about the usefulness / uselessness of trusted computing / txt , please base your opinions on technical facts ( read the spec ! ) and not on your feelings !
for an example of how to set up a filter on open attestation that can be used to schedule workloads on trusted compute pools , see openstack nova scheduler [ 52 ] . this could be used for use cases where confidential or sensitive workloads need to be isolated to a trusted compute pool .
tboot launch is the part of tboot that starts the measured launch process by executing the getsec [ senter ] instruction . this execution starts the dynamic chain of trust measurements , extending the root of trust measurement into pcr 17 and measures tboot post code into pcr 18 .
it ' s a good place to mention that amd has its own version of the late launch implemented via skinit instruction . we haven ' t looked at the amd technology thoroughly yet , so i will refrain from commenting on this .
instead of providing a fixed one - size - fits - all security solution , arm trustzone technology provides the infrastructure foundations , that allow the soc designer to choose from a range of components that can fulfil specific functions within the security environment .
the following link has more information about adding additional security and compliance to your workloads with a trusted secure cloud solution with ibm , vmware , and hytrust .
this section discusses ecosystem solutions that address various use cases for trusted compute pools ; the use cases themselves are discussed at greater length later in this document .
the odca provider assurance usage model [ 25 ] has certain security requirements that can be met more easily with a siem solution combined with a trusted compute pool .
the openattestation sdk [ 50 ] can be used to grow your own management solution from the ground up . having the ability to communicate with trusted systems or trusted virtual machines via apis or through a trust agent can be used for basic policy enforcement . table 2 shows example service apis , from the openattestation sdk documentation .
intel txt uses a combination of hardware , firmware , and software , and is built on and fully compliant with the trusted computing group pc client and server specifications .
the sole purpose of intel txt technology is to provide a trusted way for loading and executing system software , e . g . operating system kernel or virtualization machine monitor . what is extraordinary here is that txt doesn ' t make any assumptions about the state of the system before loading the software , thus making it possible for a user to ensure secure load of an os or vmm , even in a potentially compromised machine .
for example , a company can verify at any given moment that medical data containing patient records is only accessible from systems within a trusted compute pool to help ensure compliance .
for example , virtual environments allow migration of running vms among physical hosts . trusted systems can be grouped into trusted compute pools , to which policy can be applied to ensure that vms are only migrated to trusted systems within the cloud . figure 4 shows how vm migration can be controlled across resource pools , using trust as control instrumentation for migration policy . this approach enables it managers to restrict confidential data or sensitive workloads to platforms that are well controlled and have had their configurations thoroughly evaluated with the aid of intel txt .
a not - for - profit organization , ieee is the world ' s largest technical professional organization dedicated to advancing technology for the benefit of humanity . © copyright 2018 ieee - all rights reserved . use of this web site signifies your agreement to the terms and conditions .
there are no hard and fast rules for using intel txt attestation . typically , third - party software uses intel txt measurements in the platform configuration registers to verify which host os is in control ( and which version ) . knowing which host os then provides insight into what the trusted os has measured into the platform configuration registers reserved for the trusted os .
trusted boot ( tboot ) is an open - source , pre - kernel / hypervisor module that uses intel txt to perform measured and verified launch of an os kernel / hypervisor .
2015 cybersecurity innovation forum september 9 , 2015 - september 11 , 2015 the 2015 cybersecurity innovation forum is a three - day event hosted by the national institute of standards and technology , with participation from the national security agency , and the department of homeland security . this . . .
intel trusted execution technology is relatively new for servers . it was initially developed for desktop and mobile computing platforms . it first debuted in servers in 2010 as attacks on datacenters started to escalate and calls for platform hardening formalized . for quite some time , server platforms were thought to be immune from attacks because they are typically kept in secure rooms and managed by highly skilled professionals . that is no longer sufficient . the frequency of attacks against datacenters is growing at astounding rates and those attacks are increasingly likely to have come from organized crime , corporate competitors , or sponsored by foreign governments with very sophisticated methodologies and deep resources . 1 corporate executives worry that a breach could be very costly—both socially and economically , in the face of new regulations and stiffer penalties for failing to protect personal information .
a platform that is not trustworthy places the workload at risk of compromise and cannot provide assurance that the claimed geolocation of the cloud server is accurate . geo - located platforms in which there is a hardware root of trust are aggregated into trusted compute pools , segregating them from untrusted resources and enabling trusted geolocation . this capability allows for enforcement of geolocation restrictions and auditing .
i ' m glad somebody in the non - corporate security community is willing to stand up for tc . i ' ve been interested in this technology for a long time , and have recently given a tech talk on it here at google , but a lot of people hear the words
trusted computing
and switch off . btw i think the reason microsoft and vmware don ' t use txt is that it ' s really not ready yet . the tboot reference implementation still requires quite obscure hardware and bios reflashing to work properly , and txt doesn ' t yet provide any trusted i / o , making it useless for a large / interesting set of applications .
intel txt enabled bios , authenticated code modules ( acm ) created and signed by intel inside the bios , and trusted platform modules ( tpm ) integrated onto the motherboard that provides securely - generated cryptographic keys . this is a hardware - based mechanism that stores cryptographic keys and other data related to intel txt within the platform . it also provides hardware support for the attestation process to confirm the successful invocation of the intel txt environment . the attestation process uses the tpm to establish mutual trust between parties regarding execution environment during runtime .
ipl represents the normal boot process up until the time that the process would normally load and execute the kernel . the first module executed should now be the trusted boot ( tboot ) module .
nevertheless , trusted computing is becoming part of our lives , whether we want it or not . these days almost every new laptop comes with an on - board trusted platform module ( tpm ) . microsoft ' s palladium initiative have been renamed so many times in the recent years , that probably even people working at microsoft are confused now . nevertheless , some of the palladium technologies made their way into vista , and microsoft bitlocker is , without doubt , the most successful , widely deployed product that is based on the idea of trusted computing . ( in fact the bitlocker is the
announced in 2005 , intel ' s txt technology , code named lagrande , was designed as a set of hardware security extensions to intel processors and chipsets . the goal is to protect against software - based attacks , such as rootkits , by creating an environment for software to run in its own space .
the baseline measurements are stored on a trusted platform module ( tpm ) hardware device . the tpm device is integrated within the server system and provides a range of intel txt security - related functions .
in these protocols a trusted vendor uses their private key ( prk ) to generate a signature of the code that they want to deploy , and pushes this to the device alongside the software binary . the device contains the public key ( puk ) of the vendor , which can be used to verify that the binary has not been modified and that it was provided by the trusted vendor in question .
standards - based trusted computing technologies developed by tcg members now are deployed in enterprise systems , storage systems , networks , embedded systems , and mobile devices and can help secure cloud computing and virtualized systems .
ensure your systems start up in a known good state . the power of intel txt establishes a root of trust providing the necessary underpinnings for successful evaluation of the computing platform and its protection . during the boot process , the trusted platform module ( tpm ) holds the computer generated keys for encryption , which essentially is a code that measures , extends , veriﬁes , and executes—over and over to establish a system as trusted .
and those
issues
gave us a starting point in developing a proof - of - concept ( albeit very reliable ) exploit that shows how we can bypass trusted boot process implemented by intel ' s tboot .
intel txt must be enabled at multiple levels , including hardware , bios , os , and hypervisor . attestation and cloud - management software work with those components to enable management and reporting for the trusted system environment .
the simplest defense against shack attacks is to keep any secure world resource execution located in on - soc memory locations . if the code and data is never exposed outside of the soc package it becomes significantly more difficult to snoop or modify data values ; a physical attack on the soc package is much harder than connecting a logic probe to a pcb track or a package pin .
( tcg ) to enhance trust and therefore security on computing platforms . the charter of the tcg is to develop industry standards for trusted computing building blocks and define their use for various platform types . their efforts have produced a specification for a special security component ( called a trusted platform module , or tpm ) and specifications for how to use that module in pcs and servers . these documents are available from the tcg web site (
this changes what the tcg refers to as the tcb ( trusted computing base ) , which , by definition , is the minimum amount of code that needs to be trusted for a platform . for server platforms , the tcb includes the processor microcode and the acm , whose signature and integrity are checked before the acm is allowed to execute . it must also include the bios ( or at least a portion of the bios ) .
writing code for the ' normal world ' remains the same as before : the application has access to privileged and non - privileged space plus interrupts . to call on libraries in the secure world , function entry points are linked into the project . this design simplifies software development for arm cortex - m processors that incorporate arm trustzone technology .
software cloud - management solutions are available for various use cases , including policy and compliance enforcement , automation , auditing , reporting , workload migration , etc . trusted compute pools can be combined with these solutions to enhance security .
for client platforms , the bios does not need to be trusted to clear memory in defense of a reset attack , because memory cleaning is performed by the acm before allowing the bios to access the memory . this is not possible for servers given the complexity of server memory configurations and ras features . thus in response to ( or to detect ) a reset attack , bios code integrity must be verified before the bios can be trusted to clean secrets from memory . typically , this is transparent to the os and end user , but it does have implications on how bios upgrades occur . for instance , upgrading bios causes its measurement to change , and if there is a reset attack after a bios update , the bios would not be trusted . to overcome this problem , intel txt allows for a signed bios policy that allows the acm to validate that the bios is still trusted using signature verification .
siem software creates a general security control point that aggregates the real - time alerts , event information , and reports from various security applications and activities into a database that can be queried , including the status of trusted compute pools .
in washington , dc in february . over the recent months , rafal and i have been looking at the intel txt technology as part of a work done for a customer , to see if this could be used to improve security of a product , from a typical user ' s perspective . we figured out that it definitely could , but that there are also some issues…
while evaluating the effectiveness of the intel® txt technology , as part of a work done for a customer , we have identified several implementation flaws in the intel ' s system software , which allowed to conduct the above mentioned stage - one attack . we have provided intel with extensive description of the flaws in december 2008 , and intel is currently working on fixing those vulnerabilities .
carlin covey is a principal engineer in nxp’s security technology center , focusing on hardware support for trust architectures . carlin has contributed to the tcg trusted mobility solutions ( tms ) and mobile platform work groups since 2011 , became a tms work group co - chair in 2013 , and is a lead editor in both mobile work groups . carlin has been active in security engineering for over 30 years , serving as a system architect for multiple government and commercial hardware / software security systems . he was a technical contributor for open mobile terminal platform , pki forum and ietf pkix . he holds 10 patents on security - related innovations .
illustrates how platforms can be categorized based on intel txt measurements . a trusted compute pool consists of those servers that have demonstrated that they have a known good configuration . this excludes those with an unknown trust level ( those that don’t support intel txt or don’t have it enabled ) and , of course , those that fail the intel txt launch control policy . the trusted compute pool can be further categorized into pools of trust based on various trust policies set by the service provider and service client .
a trusted platform module ( tpm ) must be integrated with the chipset . the chipset and the tpm work together to ensure that the measurements and security properties of the system are not spoofed by untrusted components . tpms are devices manufactured by various third - party silicon providers that attach to the chipset via the low pin count ( lpc ) bus or serial peripheral interface ( spi ) , and they provide a number of security functions . tpm capabilities and requirements are defined by the trusted computing group ( tcg ) [ 2 ] , an industry initiative “formed to develop , define and promote open , vendor - neutral , industry standards for trusted computing building blocks and software interfaces across multiple platforms . ” tpm details can be found in the main tpm specification [ 3 ] .
a trusted os ( a term used by the tcg for system code that invoked and passed the secure launch process—proving it meets the launch control policy ) is allowed access to additional ( privileged ) security functions , including using additional pcrs . the trusted os can measure such things as additional code , data , and configuration into those pcrs , and use the content of any of the pcrs to make trust decisions and seal / unseal data . applications ( both on and off the platform ) can also use those measurements to make trust decisions .
a globalplatform tee can be used alongside other security technology such as secure elements , hypervisors and security sub - systems to provide multi - layered defence . the tee is designed to protect against software attacks ( e . g . malware ) and common physical attacks ( so called
shack
attacks ) . globalplatform have created a protection profile for the tee which provides detailed information on the attacks that a tee should resist .
the measurement process for intel txt starts with hardware ( that is , microcode designed into the intel processor ) and uses hardware ( special chipset registers ) to start the measurement process and store the measurements in the trusted platform module chip in a way that cannot be spoofed by software .
these components are measured by creating an sha - 1 hash of the component and validating that hash against a set of securely stored values . adding launch control policy assures that os / hypervisor execution is allowed to continue if and only if the policy is satisfied . policy consists of the platform owner specifying the minimum version of acm , platform configuration as measured by platform configuration registers ( pcrs ) 0 - 7 in the tpm containing known good values , and the mle measurement being a known good value .
intel txt provides hardware monitoring and security controls that help assure businesses that a workload deployed on or migrated to softlayer’s infrastructure is running on trusted hardware in a known location . softlayer provides support for intel txt on a range of bare metal servers ( see urltoken for a complete list ) .
txt assures that system software , such as an os kernel or virtualization machine monitor ( vmm ) , is loaded and executed in a trusted way . it will securely load a clean vmm or os kernel , even if the computer is compromised by boot sector viruses , biois rootkits , etc .
for an example of how to set up a filter using open attestation that can be used to schedule workloads on trusted compute pools , see openstack nova scheduler [ 18 ] . this code sample will provide insight for those who wish to use an open source approach for this particular use case .
intel txt is the hardware basis for mechanisms that validate platform trustworthiness during boot and launch , which enables reliable evaluation of the computing platform and its protection level . intel txt is compact and difficult to defeat or subvert , and it allows for flexibility and extensibility to verify the integrity of platform components during boot and launch , including bios , operating system loader , and hypervisor . because of the escalating sophistication of malicious threats , mainstream organizations must employ ever - more stringent security requirements and scrutinize every aspect of the execution environment .
authenticated code modules ( acms ) created and signed by intel must be present inside the bios . the acm contains platform - specific code which is authenticated to the chipset and executed in an isolated environment within the processor and the trusted environment ( authenticated code mode ) , enabling the acm to perform secure tasks .
current anonymous internet browsing applications build dynamic routes using a network of willing hosts and layers of encryption along the route . the cross site scripting anonymous browser (
xab
) exploits vulnerable web sites / applications and victim browsers to build a network of drones . the intent of xab is not to replace the current applications , such as tor , but rather to provide an alternative that does not require willing participants and further stretches the functionality and intent of javascript and other browser technology .
the ultimate goal of intel txt is to provide a more secure and hardened computing environment , but it is not a means to an end . rather it is a tool for achieving higher levels of trust , and that trust does not come from simply enabling intel txt . the platform owner ( e . g . , datacenter it manager ) plays a key role in establishing what trust means , and intel txt provides the flexibility so that the system administrator can create a trust policy to match the requirements of the datacenter . servers that implement intel txt can demonstrate ( attest ) that they comply with a specific trust policy , and thus can be used to form pools of trusted servers based on the established trust policy . servers without intel txt and those that don’t meet the trust policy can be excluded from the trusted pools . with the right policies in place , the datacenter can provide trusted pools of servers , allowing service clients to create “ use policies ” depending on the trust level . one example of this is the ability to confine critical applications ( such as e - commerce services processing credit card information ) to run only within a trusted pool . this has many applications for both private and public cloud providers , as well as their clients .
the dynamic chain of trust starts on request by the operating system ( os ) via a special processor instruction , which measures and verifies another acm ( the sinit acm ) , which will oversee the secure launch . the sinit acm performs additional checks , which include making sure the bios passed its security checks and has locked the platform configuration . the acm then measures the os ( actually a portion of the os referred to as the trusted os ) and invokes a launch control policy ( lcp ) engine that will determine if the platform configuration and os will be trusted ( as defined by the policy set by the system administrator ) .
as mentioned at the beginning , intel txt was first developed for client platforms ( desktop and mobile ) . so is it the same technology ? there are some differences , primarily because servers are more complex than client machines . one of the most prominent differences is the set of server features known as reliability , availability , and serviceability ( ras ) . the complexity of server ras features such as memory mirroring , memory sparing , and error handling require capabilities that are very platform - specific , and thus must be performed by platform - specific code . this code must be trusted ; in particular , the bios code that executes after a platform reset ( to mitigate the reset attack ) and the system management module ( smm ) code , which may need to change memory configuration and / or platform configuration while the system is in operation .
the host os is allowed to enter and exit the measured launch environment without having to reboot the platform . to exit , the host os simply invokes another special processor instruction that will reset the pcrs that were used to measure the launch and those that were set by the trusted os . of course , this action also curtails the host operating system’s access to some of the additional security resources . reentering the secure environment restarts the dynamic chain of the trust process , and thus recalculates the mle measurements storing them in those pcrs , allowing a different trusted os ( or different configuration of the same os ) to execute with its own set of trust credentials .
the intel trust attestation solution ( enterprise edition ) , code - named “mount wilson , is a multi - hypervisor , multi - device , trust attestation / verification solution , for servers , clients , network / storage , and embedded devices . it can be used by cloud resource schedulers , siems , policy engines , and grc tools for trust verification , remediation , reporting , and compliance . it can also be used by a trust broker for secure access to trusted services from trusted clients . for additional information on intel trust attestation solution ( enterprise edition ) , contact your intel field applications engineer ( fae ) or submit a request for more information [ 53 ] .
the mobile platform work group ( mpwg ) is a tcg technical wg that develops specifications and reference documents . the trusted mobility solutions work group ( tms ) is a tcg solutions wg that develops use cases , frameworks , and other reference documents . mpwg and tms collaborate frequently to address the evolving challenges of the mobile device markets around the world .
each time the host os boots , it detects if intel txt is enabled , and if so , performs a secure launch . as a trusted os , it continues measuring system code , configuration , and other entities into the platform configuration registers reserved for the os . the host os maintains a log that indicates what has been measured into each register .
we describe what intel ® txt is , how it works , and how it can be used to build more secure systems . we also show , however , weaknesses in current txt implementations and how they can be practically exploited . we will show a working exploit code against tboot - intel ® ' s implementation of trusted boot process for xen and linux .
kathleen is a member of the senior professional staff in apl’s asymmetric operations department . kathleen has contributed to the tcg mobile platform work group since 2011 , became a mpwg work group co - chair in 2015 , and is a lead editor . her research at apl focuses on dynamic integrity measurement and trusted computing technologies for of desktop , server , and mobile platforms .
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by providing a hardware - based security foundation rooted in the processor and chipset , intel txt provides greater protection for information that is used and stored on servers . a key aspect of that protection is the provision of an isolated execution environment and associated sections of memory where operations can be conducted on sensitive data , isolated from the rest of the system . likewise , intel txt provides for sealed storage where sensitive data such as encryption keys can be securely kept to shield them from being compromised during an attack by malicious code . attestation mechanisms verify that the system has correctly invoked intel txt to make sure that code is , in fact , executing in this protected environment .