the lincoln motor company ( also known simply as lincoln ) is a division of the ford motor company that sells luxury vehicles under the lincoln brand .

founded in 1917 by henry m. leland , lincoln has been a subsidiary of ford since 1922 .

while currently sold primarily in north america , ford introduced the lincoln brand to china in 2014 .

lincoln vehicles are also officially sold in the middle east and south korea .

the current lincoln model range in north america consists of two sedans ( continental and mkz ) , three crossover utility vehicles ( mkc , mkt , and mkx ) , and a sport utility vehicle ( navigator/navigator l ) .

lincoln also sells two vehicles specifically for limousine/livery use , both based on the mkt .

lincoln motor company

word lincoln , and bore the signature line lincoln motor company division of ford motor company .
lincoln motor company : brunn & company brunn & company was founded in . . .
* ford motor company of canada , limited carries on business as the lincoln motor company .
* ford motor company of canada , limited carries on business as the lincoln motor company .
the lincoln motor company is on facebook . to connect with the lincoln motor company , join facebook today .
* * ford motor company of canada , limited carries on business as the lincoln motor company .
lincoln motor company is an automotive manufacturer division of ford motor company that specializes in the production of luxury vehicles .
ray fladeboe lincoln - mercury v . ford motor company , lincoln - mercury division
murphy lincoln mercury , a lincoln mercury dealership v . lincoln mercury , a division of ford motor company
bob estes lincoln , a lincoln mercury dealership v . lincoln mercury , a division of ford motor company
on february 4 , 1922 , the ford motor company acquires the failing luxury automaker lincoln motor company for $ 8 million .
lincoln ' s mkz will play a big role for the company in china . source : ford motor company
the crisis forced the owners to sell the company to ford motor company after which the company’s assembly lines were restructured .
a select few coachbuilders were engaged by the lincoln motor company to do so .
lincoln ' s mkc will be the second lincoln vehicle selling in china . source : ford motor company
ed - west company , dba costa mesa honda v . american honda motor company , inc .
lincoln prices and value : now renamed lincoln motor company , still a luxury division of ford motor company , lincoln is pursuing much increased personalized automotive luxury while pursuing mass market adoption of its lincoln models / brands : lincoln mks , mkt , lincoln mkz , mkx & lincoln navigator . find all lincoln prices below or browse lincoln deals .
computershare trust company , n . a . offers free safekeeping for ford motor company common stock certificates .
the continental continues to drive lincoln ' s sales . image source : ford motor company .
the lincoln motor company is the luxury automotive brand of ford motor company , committed to creating compelling vehicles with an exceptional ownership experience to match . for more information about the lincoln motor company , please visit urltoken or urltoken . follow us on facebook at urltoken .
the four all - new lincoln models introduced since 2012 . image source : ford motor company .
lincoln motor company global director matt vandyke talks about the lessons and impact of the hit campaign .
from the collections of the henry ford . gift of ford motor company , lincoln - mercury division .
computershare is ready to assist you with all your ford motor company certificate needs .
ford lio ho motor company established to assemble automobiles and manufacture engines in taiwan .
ford acquires 50 percent of mazda motor manufacturing and renames the company autoalliance international .
ford motor company sets new full year u . s . sales record
and formed the lincoln motor company to build liberty aircraft engines . after the war , the company ' s factories were retooled to manufacture luxury automobiles .
1972 lincoln continental presidential limousine , photographed in 1982 - ford motor company . photographic department — google arts & culture
item , folder , box , accession no . , lincoln division ( ford motor company ) production records subgroup , ford motor company manufacturing records collection , benson ford research center , the henry ford .
u . s . postal service awards ford motor company largest ever electric vehicle order .
founded in 1917 by former cadillac managers henry leland and his son , the lincoln motor company was named for america’s 16th president . in 1922 , the ford motor company purchased lincoln and has operated it as its premier brand ever since .
ford motor company sells its first car , a model a , to a detroit physician .
ford motor company marks its 75th anniversary with observances at world headquarters and around the globe .
ford ' s focus is a best - seller in china . source : ford motor company
enter your email and contact information below for communication , including emails , about ford motor company , ford motor company of canada , limited ( ford of canada ) and the lincoln motor company ( lincoln ) * , our newest vehicles , product updates , services , events , news , offers , promotions , customized ads , and more .
riverside motorcycle , inc . dba skip fordyce harley - davidson v . harley - davidson motor company
ford of britain ( ford motor company ltd . ) formed to centralize ford activities in europe .
ford lio ho motor company ( taiwan ) announces $ 35 - million expansion to increase production .
ford motor company and cd radio announce an alliance to bring digital satellite radio to ford customers .
ford motor company ' s december u . s . sales climb 8 . 2 percent
ford motor company becomes the first and only automotive company to certify its plants around the world under iso 14001 – 140 plants in 26 countries .
today , the wolfington company builds school buses , and the derham company custom builds expensive limousines .
1935 , the ford motor company unveiled the lincoln - zephyr , a lower - priced and more modern lincoln brand . the zephyr name would be discontinued after… | pinteres…
ford motor company reaches agreement to buy automobile protection corporation [ apco ] for approximately $ 180 million .
rice motor co . , dba honda of west covina v . american honda motor co . , inc .
book description the post - war years of the lincoln motor car division of ford motor company are detailed in this book , with photographs from detroit public library ' s national automotive history collection .
benson ford elected a company vice president and general manager of lincoln - mercury division .
as ford motor company continues to expand from an auto company to an auto and a mobility company , the company remains focused on building on its global leadership in trucks , vans , commercial vehicles and performance vehicles , while growing its global strength in utility vehicles .
the first source of income for the lincoln company was the assembling of aircraft engines by liberty using the ford motor company’s cylinders . this was for the world war ii contracts . general motors purchased the cadillac division of the leland company in the year 1909 . after the second world war , the factories of the leland company were redesigned to manufacture the luxury cars . the ford motor company purchased the lincoln company in the year 1922 , but lincoln continued its separate operations until the year 1940 . the lincoln company suffered many financial crises in the 1920s . this was a tough time for the leland’s . lincoln got bankrupt shortly as they produced only 150 lincoln l - series cars . the company had to give $ 8 , 000 , 000 to the ford company in the year 1922 .
ford motor company and oracle corporation announce the formation of the autoxchange , an automotive e - business integrated supply chain to be created and run by a newly formed joint venture between ford motor company and oracle corporation .
ford motor company announced today that it will open a new design studio in london , england in 2001 .
12 / 24 / 63 100x driven from ford motor company to hess & eisenhardt in cincinnati , ohio .
axz plan pricing , including axz plan option pricing , is exclusively for eligible ford motor company employees , friends and family - members of eligible employees , and ford motor company eligible partners . restrictions apply . see your ford or lincoln dealer for complete details and qualifications . ford motor company reserves the right to modify the terms of this plan at any time .
there ought to be more scrupulous honesty in big business men than in any other human beings . for big business requires teamwork on a gigantic scale . lincoln or the lincoln motor company is the division of the ford motor company . the path to success for the brand lincoln was no small thing . the ford company sells luxury cars under the name , lincoln . the lincoln motor company was founded in the year 1917 by henry m . leland . it has been the subsidiary of the ford company since the year 1922 . henry leland was the former manager of the general motors , cadillac division . wilfred leland , the son of henry leland formed the lincoln company . the lincoln company was named after abraham lincoln , former president of united states . leland’s considered abraham lincoln to be his idol and also cast a vote for him in the year 1864 .
lincoln motor cars 1946 - 1960 photo archive by mark patrick . 128 pages , paperback .
previously , galhotra was group vice president , lincoln and chief marketing officer for ford motor company , a position he was named to in 2017 .
lincoln motor company’s effort to conquer the luxury car business has paid off because it still remains one of the most popular brands in that area .
chassis made by the lincoln division of ford motor company , detroit , michigan ; body by brunn & co . , buffalo , new york .
lincoln ' s brand chief , kumar galhotra , presented the all - new 2018 lincoln navigator at an event in new york this past week . image source : ford motor company .
ford motor company is a global company based in dearborn , michigan . the company designs , manufactures , markets and services a full line of ford cars , trucks , suvs , electrified vehicles and lincoln luxury vehicles , provides financial services through ford motor credit company and is pursuing leadership positions in electrification , autonomous vehicles and mobility solutions . ford employs approximately 203 , 000 people worldwide . for more information regarding ford , its products and ford motor credit company , please visit urltoken .
articles of incorporation for the formation of the ford motor company are filed with the state of michigan in lansing .
lincoln then introduced the v12 powered kb platform with a new appearance in the year 1933 . a small car , lincoln - zephyr , was introduced in the year 1933 by the company . this small car increased the sales of the company with great success in the market . in the year 1940 , lincoln company became the lincoln division of the ford motor company . lincoln had great innovations in its plans , but merging with ford company made it to modernize the parts according to the competition going on in the market by the ford motors . in the later years , lincoln manufactured a number of luxury cars along with ford . after the success of the lincoln cars under ford company , the ford company merged with lincoln and mercury divisions to form a lincoln - mercury division .
( additionally referred to just as lincoln ) ( known as the lincoln motor company or essentially as lincoln ) is a division of the u . s . - based ford motor company that offers luxury vehicles under the lincoln marque . established by henry m . leland in 1917 , lincoln has been a ford subsidiary since 1922 . while basically sold in north america , in 2014 ford introduced the lincoln brand to china . lincoln vehicles are additionally sold in the middle east and south korea .
the new lebaron - briggs company was called lebaron - detroit company , and operated under that name until 1941 .
ford motor company announced that ziad ojakli , group vice president , government and community relations , has elected to leave the company effective 15 july . since joining the company in 2004 , ojakli has overseen ford’s global government . . .
some of the most iconic cars produced by lincoln motor company are now prized by collectors and auto enthusiasts everywhere . while the company still produces noteworthy cars that offer a great driving experience , these lincolns are still considered some of the best cars the company has ever produced :
room to grow together with a spacious and luxurious interior . a place for your family to create memories . introducing the 2018 navigator , featuring serena williams . explore the all - new lincoln navigator here : urltoken subscribe to lincoln motor company : urltoken connect with lincoln motor company : website : urltoken facebook : urltoken twitter : urltoken instagram : urltoken google + : urltoken lincoln navigator : serena williams and navigator - motherhood | lincoln urltoken show less
henry ford ( standing left ) and his son , edsel b . ford ( seated left ) , purchase the lincoln motor company ( credit : ford ) .
casl check here to receive communications , including emails , from trois - rivieres ford lincoln inc . , ford motor company of canada , limited and the lincoln motor company * * about them and their products , services , events , news , offers , customized ads and more . you may withdraw consent at any time .
specialized in high - production , inexpensive closed coach bodies , and had been a major ford motor company subcontractor for years .
ford motor company airs first - ever global commercial ,
gobal anthem
shown in virtually every country around the world .
the 2018 navigator ' s profile has evolved considerably from the current model ' s . image source : ford motor company .
the last lincoln and packard custom bodies built by brunn & company were the 1938 and 1939 models .
the company was established in 1917 by henry leland , an automotive parts manufacturer who had previously founded the cadillac brand . he named the company after his boyhood hero : the 16th u . s . president , abraham lincoln . early lincoln models include the l series and the k series . the company quickly hit dire straits , however , and was bought by ford motor company in 1922 .
the pontiac tempest is the motor trend car of the year for 1961 and as such been granted the annual motor trend award .
our shareholder services and transfer agent is computershare trust company , n . a . , which offers a stock purchase program for people wishing to purchase or sell ford motor company common stock .
if you want to know more about lincoln motor company , just give us a call at pines ford lincoln . for sales , the number to call is 877 968 7504 . you can also fill in this
ford will officially unveil the lincoln continental concept car in new york on wednesday . the concept is a preview of a new lincoln sedan that is expected to arrive next year . source : ford motor company .
casl check here to receive communications , including emails , from ridgewood ford sales , ford motor company of canada , limited and the lincoln motor company * about them and their products , services , events , news , offers , customized ads and more . you may withdraw consent at any time .
the directservice investment and stock purchase program is offered and administered by computershare trust company , n . a . this program is not sponsored or administered by ford motor company . the hypertext links to information about the directservice investment and stock purchase program are maintained by computershare trust company , n . a . , and ford motor company is not responsible for that site ' s content .
laidlaw ' s harley - davidson sales , inc . dba laidlaw ' s harley - davidson v . harley - davidson motor company
ford motor company of canada , ltd . , receives its provincial charter to do business in walkerville , ontario , near windsor .
the 2018 navigator ' s interior is plush , with clean nautical - themed design details . image source : ford motor company .
lincoln ' s latest model , the plush continental sedan , was designed with the tastes of both american and chinese buyers in mind . image source : ford motor company .
that’s why lincoln motor company gives car manuals for its different vehicle models . the manuals contain information and practical guidance on how to service and troubleshoot problems in its vehicles .
henry m . leland was a noted engineer and tool designer when he began working at the henry ford company , henry ford ' s second automobile manufacturing company . after henry ford ' s departure in 1902 , leland helped to reorganize the renamed cadillac motor company and establish quality control and production standards for the luxury auto maker . leland left cadillac in august 1917 and with his son wilfred established the lincoln motor company to produce liberty airplane engines for the united states army during world war i . after the war , the lelands manufactured a new luxury automobile but were stymied when over - capitalization , high labor costs , and a short but severe post - war recession hampered large - scale production . the company ' s board of directors requested and received approval for a court - appointed receiver to liquidate the assets of the company . negotiations with henry and edsel ford led to an agreement wherein henry ford , through ford motor company , agreed to pay $ 8 million for the assets of lincoln motor company in february 1922 , and install the lelands as operating heads of the organization . the situation quickly became untenable , the lelands were removed from the company , and the lincoln motor company became an operating division of ford motor company .
overall ford motor company china sales totalled 62 , 057 vehicles in june , a 38 % decline year over year . in the first half of 2018 , ford motor company china sold 400 , 443 vehicles in china , a 25 % decline year over year . monthly sales of lincoln reached . . .
lincoln motor company always has its car manual for its customers and you will always get it if you purchase any of their products or you can purchase one from the internet .
the lincoln motor company hasn’t had an easy road towards success . even at the very beginning , the company faced troubled times , unable to get a good market share and establish itself as a brand . lincoln was launched in 1917 by henry m . leland , the man behind both , cadillac and lincoln . from 1917 to 1922 , the company struggled to get a foothold in the market .
merger of ford and amcar operation in south africa completed ; new company , south african motor corp . ( samcor ) begins operations .
ford motor company of canada , limited receives 1999 ontario chamber of commerce outstanding business achievement award , for outstanding leadership in environmental initiatives .
bmw group and ford motor company announce that they have signed a definitive agreement for ford to buy the land rover business from bmw .
the lincoln motor company’s relationship started with brunn in 1920 . lincoln designers wanted to refresh their designs , so they invited the founder of brunn to travel to detroit and review some 1920 - 1921 lincoln coaches . after giving his assessment , henry leland was so impressed that he asked him to create 12 designs for lincoln . after ford bought the lincoln motor company , edsel continued the lincoln - brunn relationship . in 1937 , lincoln commissioned brunn to create a vehicle for president franklin delano roosevelt . painted presidential blue , the vehicle was armor plated and equipped with bullet proof glass . weighing in at 9 , 300 pounds , it went on to earn the nickname “the sunshine special” and ushered in a presidential tradition for the lincoln motor company that would last for decades .
ford motor company is recognized by the u . s . department of commerce for exemplary performance in promoting minority business growth in the nation .
assembled by the ford motor company in detroit ; special body work done by raymond dietrich , dietrich creative industries , grand rapids , michigan .
lincoln motor company was founded in 1917 by an engineer namely henry m . leland and his son . its initial business was an assembly of liberty aircraft engines for the us military , but they later combined the business with the manufacture of luxury motor vehicles .
over the years , the lincoln motor company fell into a slump . now , that division of ford is reclaiming its original name and unveiling a new luxury sedan . ben tracy reports .
rogers toyota , inc . v . toyota motor distributors , inc . ; toyota motor sales , u . s . a . , inc .
fairway toyota , inc . v . toyota motor distributors , inc . ; toyota motor sales , u . s . a . , inc .
ford motor company today announced the establishment of a north american headquarters for its premierautomotive group in irvine , california . jaguar also annonces that it will relocate in urltoken part of the wider move by ford motor co .
this was lincoln motor company’s very first commercially successful vehicle . the design is regal and iconic and it introduces the modern , aerodynamic design that transformed the way cars were designed . this is also the origin of lincoln’s iconic split grill .
actor matthew mcconaughey , ford ceo mark fields , and lincoln president kumar galhotra with a concept version of the next - generation lincoln navigator in new york earlier this year . mcconaughey stars in a series of popular tv commercials for the lincoln brand . image source : ford motor company .
this plan is available to both present shareholders of record as well as investors wishing to make an initial purchase of ford motor company common stock .
ford enters into an agreement with anglo american corporation of south africa limited that will enable ford motor company to increase its investment in south africa .
brown 1988 lincoln town car signature rwd 4 - speed automatic 5 . 0l v8 fi cruise control , power locks , power windows . frankman motor company started in 1988 as . . . more
motor trend presents its annual car of the year award in this issue . winner for 1967 is the ford division the ford motor company — for their entire line of ford . fairlane , falcon , and thunderbird cars .
lincoln mercury announces plans to discontinue production of the lincoln mark viii luxury coupe in june 1998 .
as it attempts to revive a once - great luxury brand , ford ' s is renaming its lincoln division as the lincoln motor co . , the automaker said monday .
lincoln pickup and delivery * : a service experience so effortless , it feels as if you dreamed it . this is # thelincolnway… a # morehuman approach to ownership . learn more at : https : / / www . lincolncanada . c . . . . . . * conditions and exclusions apply . subscribe to lincoln motor company canada : urltoken connect with lincoln motor company : website : urltoken facebook : urltoken twitter : urltoken instagram : urltoken lincoln pickup and delivery | the more human side of engineering | lincoln urltoken . . . show less
amid the mid 1920s , lincoln endured extreme money related issues , balancing the loss of income of liberty motor production with the outdated design of the costly model l . in the wake of having delivered just 150 autos in 1922 , lincoln motor company was forced to file into chapter 11 bankruptcy and liquidated to the ford motor company for $ 8 , 000 , 000 on february 4 , 1922 ; a portion of the returns of the deal went to pay off creditors .
ford motor company and zf friedrichshafen ag announce their intention to form a joint venture to produce automatic transmissions at ford’s batavia ( ohio ) transmission plant .
ford motor company reports industry - record operating income of $ 7 . 2 billion in 1999 and record fourth quarter earnings of $ 1 . 8 billion
the all - new navigator ' s details - - the wheels , the grille - - are not subtle . image source : ford motor company .
the company hasn ' t made this kind of commitment to lincoln in decades ,
farley said in an interview .
detroit — it took the interest of chinese consumers to persuade ford motor to revive a quintessentially american car , the lincoln continental .
share a bit of your style with ford hubcaps and wheel covers . specifically engineered for ford and lincoln vehicles , these hubcaps and covers go through rigorous testing to meet the requirements of ford motor company .
ford - designed wheel parts are engineered and tested to meet rigorous ford motor company requirements . search for the parts you need to enhance the look of your ford or lincoln car , truck or suv .
the full name of ford ' s financial services arm is ford motor credit company llc , and today the company offers loans and leases to car buyers , in addition to loans and lines of credit for ford and other dealerships .
with a maintenance plan , you can rest easy knowing your vehicle will be serviced using lincoln parts for superior fit , finish and overall performance . regardless of the plan , it’s backed by the lincoln motor company and is specifically designed to meet maintenance requirements for lincoln vehicles . plus , it’s honoured at every authorized lincoln dealer in canada and the united states .
th ! nk , an enterprise of ford motor company , today unveiled a family size sedan powered by the latest generation methanol reformer fuel cell electric powertrain .
however , in the early 1920s , the company fell into financial headwinds after the loss of aircraft engine business and it had an outdated motor vehicle design .
the ford motor company is a multinational car manufacturer based in michigan , usa that owns the lincoln and mercury brands to distribute upmarket products in the north american market . outside of the united states , the ford motor company also owns major subsidiaries in europe , australia and other regions in the world that develop their own vehicles for their respective markets . [ 1 ]
jack wall chevrolet , inc . v . general motor division , general motors corporation
dale brown and dale brown motors v . u . s . suzuki motor corporation
sherman oaks cycles inc . v . american honda motor co . , inc .
kolbe cycle sales inc . v . american honda motor co . , inc .
southland cycle center , inc . v . u . s . suzuki motor corporation
orange county cycle v . yamaha motor corporation , u . s . a .
eugene john buonaccorsi dba corky motors v . u . s . suzuki motor corporation
irv seaver motorcycles , inc . v . u . s . suzuki motor corporation
michael imports , inc . , dba van ness hyundai v . hyundai motor america
irvine central motors , inc . dba irvine mazda vs . mazda motor of america
ford motor land development co . incorporated in delaware as a wholly owned subsidiary .
the lincoln division ( ford motor company ) production records subgroup consists of build and shipping information for a limited set of individual vehicles . the detailed information includes assembly date , motor number , key numbers , and other details regarding original build information . the records include limited information for lincoln model k , 1936 to 1939 ; lincoln 1940 to 1942 and 1946 to 1948 ; lincoln mark ii , 1956 only ; and du pont motors , 1919 to 1932 .
west covina toyota inc . dba west covina toyota v . toyota motor distributors , inc . ; toyota motor sales , u . s . a . , inc .
the new pieces lincoln has in play could help lincoln separate itself from other brands , brinley said . lincoln might not trump bmw , but she said lincoln’s customer service could pull in luxury buyers from other automakers .
to any story there are many parts . in the story of motor trend ‘s selection of the ’59 pontiac as “car of the year” and our presentation of the 1959 motor trend award to the pontiac motor division , there are at least four parts .
the j . c . widman company was also merged into murray in 1925 .
in 1928 , briggs acquired the phillips custom body company of warren , ohio .
semon knudsen elected company president ; arjay miller becomes vice chairman of the board .
mass disappointment aside , the “introducing the lincoln motor company” campaign will promote the company ' s history of producing iconic and desirable luxury vehicles . designed to tie - in with the launch of the 2013 mkz , the campaign will run nationally in the united states in print , broadcast and digital media .
ray fladeboe lincoln - mercury , inc . , dba ray fladeboe british motor cars v . jaguar cars , inc . , et al .
ford motor company [ u . k . ] announces that it will purchase the pi group , a leading supplier of high - technology electronics to the automotive industry .
thirty - five years ago , the biggest car on north america ' s roads was a 5 , 400 - pound land yacht built by the ford motor company .
ford motor company ' s board indicates that it will suspend payment of the quarterly dividend on its common and class b stock beginning in the fourth quarter of 2006 .
and suppliers ,
he added .
but , together , we are building a much stronger ford motor company and a more secure future for us all .
there is no other express warranty on ford motor company - supplied replacement parts , except such obligation as ford may have assumed in its fcsd warranty and policy manual .
the lincoln mkt is a full - size luxury crossover suv built and marketed by the ford motor company ' s lincoln motor company division since the 2010 model year . the mkt was introduced as lincoln ' s second crossover in the lineup , slotted above the lincoln mkx mid - size crossover and below the larger ford expedition - based lincoln navigator full - size sport utility vehicle . sharing a common platform with the ford flex and ford explorer , the mkt does not have a direct predecessor . instead , the mkt and smaller mkx both serve as replacements of the lincoln aviator , as the division moved into the luxury crossover market . . . . more on wikipedia
del amo suzuki enterprises , inc . v . u . s . suzuki motor corporation
allec bros . yamaha v . yamaha motor corporation , u . s . a .
anaheim motorcycles inc . v . yamaha motor corporation , u . s . a .
d . longo , inc . , dba longo toyota v . toyota motor distributors , inc . ; toyota motor sales , u . s . a . , inc .
mel & mac toyota inc . dba toyota of whittier v . toyota motor distributors , inc . ; toyota motor sales , u . s . a . , inc .
jim lynch cadillac , inc . v . general motors corporation , cadillac motor car division
the 1999 ford focus is introduced in japan at the 33 rd tokyo motor show .
mercury division . the purchase of lincoln was a personal triumph for ford who had been forced out of his second company by a group of investors led by leland . ironically , ford ' s original company , later renamed
the lincoln motor company has defined the american luxury car for almost a century . henry leland , founder of the cadillac brand , established the company in 1917 and named it after his childhood hero , abraham lincoln . leland sold the company to ford in 1922 . by the 1930s , the company had firmly established its niche as a premium car brand . in 1936 , the popular zepher was introduced . named and styled after the streamlined burlington zepher express train , this car represented 80 % of all lincolns sold at one point .
christy’s lincoln eng . jpg lincoln used a big 430 cid 320 hp engine to power this 5200lb . vehicle .
lincoln motor company sales increased 4 . 9 % in may with a total of 10 , 288 vehicles delivered in the united states . retail sales increased 9 . 7 % for the month , giving lincoln its 16 th consecutive month of year - over - year retail sales gains .
the c . r . wilson body company in detroit had built carriages since 1873 .
the h . h . babcock company had started as wagon builders in the 1890s .
locke & company began in 1902 as a quality body builder in new york city .
california , the murphy company began modifying the early model l lincolns from the outset .
watertown , and then took over management of the andrew joyce carriage company in washington .
in 1918 , stanley l . judkins opened merrimac body company to handle the overflow work
more than one host company , and so were able to bring along staff members .
ford acquires 100 percent of hertz corporation , world ' s largest car rental company .
also , rolls royce were far from the only company with a framed vertical grille .
as of now , mitsubishi is no longer the car company you used to know .
as the first multinational company to design a car specifically for india , ford motor company is launching the brand new ford ikon . the first vehicle rolled off the assembly line at ford’s new state - of - the - art plant in maraimalai nagar , india .
ford motor company and ups logistics group , a subsidiary of united parcel service , have formed a strategic alliance to reduce vehicle delivery time from ford plants to dealers and customers .
veterans and reserve forces are some of ford motor company’s strongest employees . learn more about the men and women who have served their country and also found great careers at ford .
the continental mark iv is a two - door personal luxury coupe that was sold and marketed by the lincoln division of ford motor company from the 1972 to 1976 model years . following the success of the continental mark iii , lincoln renewed the model line to again compete against the cadillac eldorado .
the lincoln continental is an automobile that was produced by the lincoln division of ford motor company from 1939 to 1948 and again from 1956 to 2002 . despite often sharing underpinnings with less - expensive fords in more recent years , the lincoln continental had usually been a distinctively platformed and styled , highly equipped luxury car in the course of its long history .
le bard & underwood , inc . v . american honda motor co . , inc .
redlandsrider , inc . dba huntington honda v . american honda motor co . , inc .
tri city cycle center , inc . v . american honda motor co . , inc .
len sheridan , inc . dba len sheridan toyota v . toyota motor distributors , inc .
ph automotive holding corporation dba pacific honda v . american honda motor co . , inc .
ford motor co . aktiengesellschaft is founded in berlin for the import of cars and tractors .
ford motor announced a $ 1 . 6 billion investment in a plant in mexico tuesday .
the decision was reached by the editors of motor trend after long and careful study of the entire field of americans motor cars . in a year of outstanding for progress in design .
its assembly plants are located in canada , mexico and the united states . some of the popular models of this luxury car brand include lincoln navigator , 2017 lincoln mkz crossover suvs , 2016 lincoln mkx crossover suvs and lincoln continental sedan .
. discover our lincoln special offer or our buyer ' s benefits & rewards offer for a well priced lincoln vehicles .
lincoln has been part of ford since 1922 when the luxury carmaker was purchased out of bankruptcy . lincoln was founded in 1920 by henry leland , the man who had once taken over one of henry ford ' s early failed car company start - up attempts , turning that company into cadillac .
ford motor company assembled the car at its lincoln plant in wixom , michigan in january 1961 . hess & eisenhardt of cincinnati , ohio was responsible for customizing the car to function as a presidential parade limousine , literally cutting it in half , reinforcing it , extending it 3 ½feet in length , and making numerous other modifications . ford motor company and hess & eisenhardt collaborated on engineering and styling . it debuted at the white house in june 1961 . the car remained the property of the ford motor company , which leased it to the secret service for the nominal price of $ 500 per year .
edsel ford created the original continental to represent the best lincoln had to offer and the best american luxury had to offer . somewhere along the way lincoln seemed to forget the purpose of the continental . the company moved from innovation to conservation . the company was trying to rest on their curtails , unfortunately that strategy only works for so long . the new concept represents a beacon of hope for car enthusiast . the concept represents a possible rebirth . the new continental will hopefully usher in a new era for the historic lincoln motor company .
ford reports record earnings of $ 7 . 2 billion in 1999 , more than any other automotive company in history [ also establishing a new company record for annual revenue ] .
president - elect donald trump took to twitter on thursday night to say ford motor co . executive chairman william ford jr . had called to say the company would not move production of the lincoln mkc from its louisville assembly plant to mexico .
lincoln automotive financial services financing also is an important part of the lincoln luxury experience in china . lincoln automotive financial services , a financing organization dedicated to serving lincoln customers and dealers in china , launched on oct . 23 and supports lincoln dealers and customers by providing competitive financing products and exceptional service .
following world war ii , lincoln was merged with mercury to form the lincoln - mercury division . that partnership lasted until 2011 with models such as the mercury grand marquis and mercury mariner sold alongside the lincoln town car and the lincoln navigator .
ford ceo mark fields , who advocated keeping lincoln while his predecessor , alan mulally , cast off every other non - blue oval brand during the recession , says the company is fully committed to lincoln , despite its small size . lincoln represents just 4 percent of ford motor ' s u . s . sales and less than 2 percent of its global total .
in rauch & lang carriage company , and began building semi - custom bodies for dodge .
the lehmann manufacturing company started building wagons in indiana one hundred years after the american revolution .
company announces plans to develop 2 , 300 acres in dearborn for commercial - residential use .
various lincoln custom coaches in 1925 and 1926 . the most popular lincoln body style which holbrook built was the collapsible cabriolet .
general motors and become lincoln ' s chief competitor . lincoln quickly became one of america ' s top selling luxury brands alongside
ford motor company ' s 2006 year - end liquidity is expected to include automotive gross cash of about $ 20 billion , including the effects of $ 3 . 4 billion of veba .
o ' donnell buick - opel , inc . v . buick motor division , general motors corporation
trenfel motors , inc . , dba toyota el cajon v . toyota motor distributors , inc .
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sbd , inc . , dba orange county suzuki v . u . s . suzuki motor corporation
3 important takeaways from ford motor co . ' s january sales data - - the motley fool
at the core of the lincoln way is the lincoln team , led by the host , the master and the craftsman , team members specially chosen and rigorously trained by the lincoln institute .
ford motor company is an equal opportunity employer committed to a culturally diverse workforce . all qualified applicants will receive consideration for employment without regard to race , religion , color , age , sex , national origin , sexual orientation , gender identity , disability status or protected veteran status . ford motor company also is committed to take affirmative action to employ and advance in employment such persons .
with one foot firmly planted in north american luxury car history , lincoln needed the newest iteration of the continental to be a bold strike driving forward the future of the company . the 2017 version needed to send a clear signal that the company could stand on its own , away from its ford motor co . ( nyse : f ) parent . its design needed to be purely lincoln , including the interior . the 2017 lincoln continental achieves all that , and more .
launched by the ford motor company in 1972 , motorcraft® is the most trusted manufacturer of vehicle - specific replacement parts for ford , mercury , and lincoln vehicles . the company provides an extensive line of premium automotive parts from a / c compressors and alternators to wiper blades and wire sets . manufactured to strict specifications , the products have undergone extensive laboratory and on - the - road testing . motorcraft parts feature oem quality and fit and are designed to maximize the performance of ford , lincoln , and mercury models . recommended by the ford motor company , motorcraft is a one stop shop for your automotive needs .
in addition to these first three locations , lincoln will open five more lincoln stores in china by year’s end , and a total of 60 stores in 50 cities in china by 2016 . the lincoln way will be embedded in all lincoln stores in china .
mercury , lincoln and edsel divisions are joined to form m - e - l ( mercury - edsel - lincoln ) division .
the all - new 2018 lincoln navigator will begin to arrive at u . s . lincoln dealers this fall , ford said .
the lincoln continental ushers in a new era of lincoln , one full of true luxury , that can compete not just as an upgraded ford , but as a company ready to once again to truly stand on its own .
company who built electric car parts and car bodies , and manufactured the owen - magnetic car .
holbrook company was founded by h . f . holbrook in west manhattan , new york city .
the derham body company of rosemont , pennsylvania , was founded as a carriage builder in 1884 .
lehmann - peterson company at indianapolis by 1925 , producing replacement bodies for the model t ford .
the chrysler lebaron today is named more in honor of raymond dietrich than for his former company .
ford completes acquisition of the associates , financial services company , for $ 3 . 35 billion .
visteon officially becomes a totally independent company and begins public trading on the new york stock exchange .
why clorox company stock jumped 11 . 9 % in june to deliver its best month this year
ford motor company philippines celebrates the inauguration of its four - billion peso manila , philippines , plant , situated in a 21 - hectare property inside the greenfield automotive park in santa rosa , laguna .
bingham toyota , inc . ; b . c . bingham v . toyota motor distributors , inc .
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in frankfurt , ford takes part in the first international motor show ( iaa ) since the war .
3 important takeaways from ford motor co . ' s january sales data @ themotleyfool # stocks $ f
the addition of a president to the lincoln brand in 2014 also signified that ford was making lincoln a “key element” in its strategy , which is driven by changing the company’s image , according to industry analysts . that approach has helped the brand recalibrate , said kumar galhotra , president of lincoln .
the change helped the company return its focus to its core operations - - building cars - - and it realigned the company ' s values to emphasize its employees and the quality of its products .
that added brand - wide perk caters to lincoln customers by focusing on what lincoln determined what a customer’s most valued asset : time .
ford motor company is grateful to you for your honorable service to our country and would like to salute those who serve . that ' s why we ' re proud to offer you and your families a
ford of korea , joint venture with kia motor company - - ford owns 90 percent , kia 10 percent - - established to distribute cars , minivans and sport utility vehicles to dealers in south korea .
william howard taft was the first president to completely ditch carriages for cars with the purchase of his white motor company model m . the 40 - horsepower 7 - seater was the first presidential state car .
ford motor company ' s 2006 year - end liquidity is expected to include automotive gross cash of about $ 20 billion , including marketable and loaned securities and the effects of $ 3 . 4 billion of veba . the company will continue to have committed automotive credit facilities totaling more than $ 6 billion .
the lincoln motor company of detroit was founded in 1920 by henry m leland , who in earlier days had been associated with henry ford , had supplied engines to oldsmobile , and ( as chief engineer ) had based the first cadillacs on the simple fords of the time .
the continental concept ' s plush backseat includes a champagne storage compartment and detachable travel cases . such details might not make it to production , but they show that lincoln is serious about backseat comfort - - a critical selling point in china . source : ford motor company .
your coverage includes comprehensive basic warranty coverage , powertrain warranty coverage , safety restraint system coverage and corrosion coverage ( perforation only ) . for full coverage details , refer to the warranty guide for your vehicle’s model year . the lincoln motor company also provides comprehensive emission system warranties .
in detroit , ray was set up as the dietrich custom body company under murray corporation of america .
by the john judkins company was designed by their chief engineer , and closely resembled a european stagecoach .
if your shares are registered directly in your name with computershare trust company , n . a . , the company’s stock transfer agent , you are considered the shareholder of record with respect to those shares .
harold poling succeeds donald petersen as chairman of the board ; philip benton jr . elected company president .
with 12 investors and 1 , 000 shares , the company had spent almost all of its $ 28 , 000 cash investment by the time it sold the first ford model a on july 23 , 1903 . but by october 1 , 1903 ford motor company had turned a profit of $ 37 , 000 .
customer viewpoint ratings and reviews are provided by customers who have either purchased a vehicle or visited a dealership for service . maritzcx , a third party supplier , administers the surveys on behalf of ford motor company .
joe barton , sam tiefer , three star suzuki sport cycles v . u . s . suzuki motor corporation
mathew zaheri corporation , dba hayward mitsubishi and mathew zaheri v . mitsubishi motor sales of america , inc .
quaid imports , inc . dba quaid nissan v . nissan motor corporation , u . s . a .
but even as ford hopes the new continental will invigorate its lincoln luxury brand in the united states , the company expects most of the car’s sales to be in china .
ford needs lincoln to succeed to provide incremental growth beyond the company’s mainstream lineup , which is anchored by f - series pickups , mustang muscle cars and fusion family sedans .
ford motor co . may be considering dropping the struggling mercury brand as part of a move to focus the automaker ' s design and sales efforts on its ford and lincoln lines . ford officials declined to confirm reports that the company was reviewing such a plan , but acknowledged that they already had plans to shrink the mercury lineup in an effort to make lincoln the marquee brand for the company ' s lincoln mercury division .
our plans regarding mercury have not changed ,
said mark truby , a ford spokesman .
eight lincoln stores will open in china by year’s end . by 2016 , 60 lincoln stores will be open in 50 cities across the country
with the release of the new lincoln navigator suv on the horizon , galhotra said lincoln focused on meeting customer needs with a luxury experience .
truecar is not affiliated with , sponsored by , or endorsed by lincoln . all use of lincoln ' s trademarks , brands , and logos is purely referential , and such marks are the property of lincoln .
by the year 1960 , the lincoln division adopted a major change in its model lineup . the company started producing more and more luxury cars depending on the needs of the customer . lincoln made competitive moves to stay in the market . the fuel crisis in the 1980s was a big smash for the lincoln . somehow , they managed to save the company and started producing a new line in the range of luxury cars . the company has also shown interest in the range of motorsport . brand lincoln also participated in the number of car championships . lincoln became a subsidiary of ford , but it continues to create a separate range on its own as well .


cogmed is a working memory and attention training program developed by torkel klingberg , a professor of cognitive neuroscience at the karolinska institutet of stockholm brain institute .

cogmed

access all three versions of the product – cogmed rm , cogmed qm and cogmed jm .
read more about the cogmed © program at cogmed . com’s frequently asked questions page .
access cogmed training at urltoken ( formerly www . training . cogmed . com ) .
the cogmed working memory training app now features all three training programs , cogmed jm , cogmed rm and cogmed qm . this release also includes general stability and performance improvements .
cogmed webinars help you learn more about cogmed and working memory . current offerings include :
cogmed coach certificate that authorizes you to offer cogmed to your patients anywhere in india .
the cogmed network now includes about 150 cogmed qualified practices and reaches 25 countries on six continents .
the training program is available through our authorized cogmed practices and cogmed coaches , all trained and qualified by pearson .
please contact a cogmed consultant for details at cogmed . canada @ urltoken or at 1 - 866 - 335 - 8418 .
january : cogmed is feasible for preschoolers . young children exhibit improved wm and attention after cogmed training . ( thorell et al . , 2009 )
cogmed training is not typically covered by insurance . investigate the possibility of coverage with your insurance provider or talk to the cogmed practice of your choice .
january : cogmed for stroke victims . adults with stroke show improved wm and attention and decreased cognitive failures after cogmed . ( westerberg et al . , 2007 )
february : cogmed alters brain biochemistry . changes in the density of cortical dopamine d1 receptors observed in adults after cogmed . ( mcnab et al . , 2009 )
december : cogmed is feasible for children with low socio - economic status . teachers report decreased adhd symptoms in children after cogmed . ( mezzacappa & buckner , 2010 )
cogmed coach training and certification is mandatory for mental - health professionals such as psychologists or doctors , who would like to offer cogmed working memory training to their patients .
july : first independent cogmed research study is published . children improve wm , instruction following , and math after cogmed in school . ( holmes et al . , 2009 )
2010 on june 28th cogmed is acquired by pearson and becomes part of pearson clinical assessment group . cogmed represents pearson group’s first entry into the evidence - based cognitive training market .
2008 word spreads around the world about cogmed research and the expansion in the u . s . cogmed partners with beterbrein of holland and with dr . roby marcou in singapore . the cogmed jm program for preschoolers is introduced . helena westerberg ph . d . , of the karolinska institute presents her data on cogmed training on normal adults . chris lucas , m . d . of new york university presents his data on cogmed training for children with adhd .
how educators can create academic and behavioural transformation for students with adhd using review360 and cogmed .
other investigators have used a shortened version of cogmed and compared that to the standard version ( mawjee , et al . , 1025 ) . one study used parent training combined with cogmed and compared that to using cogmed alone ( steeger , et al . , 2015 ) .
one complete 25 - day cogmed training ( jm , rm or qm version , based on the age - group you would like to offer cogmed to ) . this training is for your personal use to help you familiarize yourself with cogmed and experience its benefits for yourself .
as a cogmed coach , you will be playing an important role in motivating the cogmed user along the way and ensuring a successful completion of the program , for optimal user benefits .
read through this list of frequently asked questions to learn more about the cogmed training program and our company . because cogmed is a new program , we understand that you have many questions .
cogmed is for anyone who is constrained by their working memory and wants to improve their attention .
● improvements for clients with a bad internet connection we hope that you will enjoy using cogmed .
the cogmed working memory training app now features support for the cogmed questionnaire . we have also done a number of graphical and user interface improvements , smaller bug fixes and performance improvements on ios7 .
finally another investigation looked at combining english language training while conducting cogmed with one group and comparing that to cogmed alone or english language training alone ( hyashi , et al . , 2015 ) .
the user / family sets the training schedule with the cogmed coach , with plenty of flexibility .
the cogmed training web gives all users online access to their own training results and progress status .
cogmed is an evidence - based tool for you to help your patients in a meaningful way .
no , it is not . in the case of users on adhd medication , cogmed training is a complementary intervention . stimulant medication and cogmed training impact the brain in different ways . medications will have effects that cogmed training does not , particularly regarding hyperactivity . cogmed training will also , in many cases , have effects that cannot be achieved by medication only . talk to your doctor to learn more .
this group will receive intervention with the cogmed training program and coach over a period of 5 weeks .
each user has a cogmed coach who leads the training , tracks results and gives support and motivation .
there are a variety of ways researchers have attempted to optimize cogmed . in a 2016 publication by appelgren , bengtsson & soderqvist investigators used questionnaires to measure the mind - set and intrinsic motivation and how it influenced compliance to complete cogmed . the results of this study can help other professionals to optimize how they implement cogmed . another study investigated how meta - cognitive training affected cogmed training ( partanen , et al . , 2015 ) . the meta - cognitive training was conducted 3 days a week after cogmed training session .
training sessions run five weeks , five days a week , for an hour each day . the fee for cogmed © working memory training is set by each individual cogmed © qualified practice and varies by location .
april : after cogmed , children with special needs improve wm and reading comprehension . ( dahlin , 2011 )
don’t put it off . my only regret is that i didn ' t know about cogmed sooner
1 . cogmed training is backed by solid research that no one else can match . 2 . cogmed training is provided exclusively by a network of carefully trained and qualified professionals . they make sure each cogmed trainee gets the coaching needed for the best possible results . 3 . an outstanding track record of strong and lasting effects in our thousands of trainees in america and around the world show that cogmed training makes a real difference in people’s lives .
2001 the results from the first randomized , placebo controlled study on cogmed training show very promising results . the results are soon published in the first paper on cogmed training . the results inspire the team to partner with karolinska innovation ab to create the company cogmed and to seek funding to build a stable product and test it large scale .
all students ( who completed cogmed ) improved on the measure of being able to work more independently .
cogmed is developed by leading neuroscientist and proven to be effective in rigorous research published in peer - reviewed journals .
training is provided excusively by a qualified cogmed provider , through an alied health care professional and / or an educator . support provided by the cogmed provider is critical to staying motivated and completing the program and building metacognitives skills .
the conceptualization of ef will be considered in this webinar as well as a number of cogmed - specific studies .
yes , our research and our clinical experience show that the effects of cogmed training last after training . the reason is that once working memory capacity increases , you naturally continue to use it at its new level , which serves as constant maintenance training . each cogmed trainee also has access to optional cogmed extension training at no extra cost .
the acquisition of cogmed exemplifies pearson clinical assessment’s commitment to innovation in serving customers to the best of our ability . cogmed’s products are leading interventions in the area of cognitive training and link assessment to scientifically developed and empirically validated interventions .
november : the training works . children with adhd show improved wm after cogmed . ( klingberg et al . 2002 )
august : cogmed highlighted in science as most researched executive function intervention for children . ( diamond & lee , 2011 )
the cogmed extension training allows the user to further sharpen the acquired capacity and to verify how the results hold over time .
october : older adults improve wm , sustained attention , and episodic memory after cogmed . ( brehmer et al . , 2011 )
there are different versions of cogmed for different age groups . jm for preschoolers , rm for school children and qm for adults .
train at home option for all - cogmed is now accessible online , allowing completion both at home and at work / school .
cogmed has been proven to be effective for attention deficits due to adhd , brain injuries , and normal aging , among others .
you don’t need any additional qualification beyond your current formal education , to function as a cogmed coach . you will be able to start functioning as a cogmed coach after receiving our training on the theoretical and applied aspects of this solution , from our expert trainers .
cogmed working memory training is a computer - based solution for improving attention by increasing working memory capacity over a five week training period .
v4 . 4 . 1 update : fixed issue with multiple clicking on login buttons . we hope that you will enjoy using cogmed .
this is a demonstration of the idea that cogmed can benefit a variety of different clinical populations with wm deficits . children who have undergone radiation and chemotherapy are at risk for attention and wm deficits and cogmed may play a role in helping these survivors to return to function .
the cogmed program is for children and adults who want to improve their attention by training their working memory . more on working memory here .
cogmed working memory training is an evidence - based program for helping children , adolescents and adults sustainably improve attention by training their working memory .
please contact cnld if you know of someone experiencing wm difficulties or if you are interested in more information about wm training , specifically cogmed .
cogmed working memory training is an evidence based program for helping children , adolescents , and adults sustainably improve attention by training their working memory .
cogmed has unique and outstanding records of strong and lasting results in education and health care , making significant difference in improving people ' s lives .
cogmed working memory training is an evidence - based computerized training program designed to improve attention by effectively increasing working memory capacity through a systematic training period .
cogmed working memory training is provided as an intervention by both educators in schools and healthcare professionals ( psychologists , ot’s , slps ) in private practice .
the program is based on strong scientific research and it is done in the convenience of your own home under the supervision of a qualified cogmed coach .
september : brain injured adults who did cogmed self - report decreased cognitive failures and improved occupational performance and satisfaction . ( lundqvist et al . , 2010 )
april : adolescents born at extremely low birth weight improve their wm and verbal learning at 6 months post cogmed . ( løhaugen et al . , 2011 )
may : cogmed improves wm in preschoolers but , there is no evidence of transfer to nonverbal reasoning . ( bergman - nutley et al . , 2011 )
fixed bug that was introduced in v4 . 5 . 0 that caused problems with starting up the training . we hope that you will enjoy using cogmed .
cogmed working memory training is a training program for people with poor working memory and attention deficits . the program is based on published studies and developed by a team of neuroscientists . the peer - reviewed studies show that cogmed training reduces symptoms of inattention in children and adults , by addressing weaknesses in working memory capacity .
may : fmri with healthy adults after cogmed reveals wm - related brain activity significantly increased in middle and inferior frontal gyrus . ( westerberg & klingberg , 2007 )
january : changes in brain activity after cogmed – increased activation in pre - frontal & parietal brain areas after wm training . ( olesen et al . , 2004 )
holmes , et al . , ( 2015 ) research informs our understanding of how working memory relates to english language learning ( ell ) and what role cogmed can play
cogmed training is done at the user’s home , in school , or at work . the program is web - based and compatible on any computer that supports flash .
v2 . 0 . 3 updates : - improved user interface when starting next trial . - updated and improved cogmed rm graphics . - smaller bug fixes and performance improvements .
cogmed© stands by its promises and past research , however consumers of this alternative therapy should know that the scientific community is not unanimous in its support of working - memory training .
pdf : holmes , et al . , ( 2015 ) research informs our understanding of how working memory relates to english language learning ( ell ) and what role cogmed can play
video : holmes , et al . , ( 2015 ) research informs our understanding of how working memory relates to english language learning ( ell ) and what role cogmed can play
august : cogmed is feasible for hearing impaired children . transfer effect to language ( sentence repetition ) observed at 6 month follow - up . ( kronenberger et al . , 2011 )
children - research and clinical data show improved grades following cogmed training . parents and teachers also report mproved social skills , taking initiative , remembering instructions , and completing assignments more independently .
december : genetics make a difference . different dat1 genotypes – which impact dopamine availability in the brain – influence wm plasticity and effect of cogmed . ( brehmer et al . , 2009 )
november : impact of cogmed investigated in the view that wm consists of secondary memory and primary memory . parent report improved adhd symptoms in children . ( gibson et al . , 2011 )
cogmed provides a new , proven and effective approach to addressing the serious challenges of attention problems in adhd , traumatic brain injury , stroke and other conditions . there is a strong research case and logic behind the intervention . the implementation is highly structured , ensuring excellent clinical results . working with cogmed adds an evidence - based and non - pharmacological tool to your client work .
kristina k . hardy , a neuropsychologist at children’s national medical center in washington , is testing the use of cogmed with childhood cancer survivors , whose ability to learn is sometimes significantly reduced after chemotherapy and radiation . founded by a swedish neuroscientist , cogmed was bought in 2010 by pearson , the largest provider of testing and teaching materials , and is offered via psychologists and other clinical specialists .
2005 the data from the 2002 study is published in the prestigious journal of the american academy of child and adolescent psychiatry . leading american psychologists and psychiatrists begin to contact cogmed in stockholm , interested in evaluating the training program in their practices . in the summer , scientific american highlights the dramatic findings causing increasing professional interest in the u . s . cogmed decides to expand into america .
you will be able to offer cogmed training to any child or adult who is struggling with attention problems , in your clinic or your neighbourhood , all from the comfort of your home , after an initial set of face to face interactions . this is because you will be able to track user progress on cogmed using our online portal , that lets you log in anytime , anywhere .
september : children with adhd show 6 months lasting effect of cogmed . wm training gains result in a wider effect on executive functioning than stimulant medication alone . ( holmes et al . , 2010 )
the three other large cognitive training services — lumosity , cogmed and posit science — dance around the question of whether they truly raise i . q . but do assert that they improve cognitive performance .
the breakthrough idea that started cogmed came from torkel klingberg in 1999 . a decade later , we have come from a research idea worth exploring to a set of research - proven and real - life tested solutions used by thousands people around the world . and this is only the beginning . to give you a sense of cogmed’s path to our present position , we list the key milestones below .
2009 independent leading british working memory researchers from the university of york publish two articles on the results they have seen following cogmed training . the studies are the first to show academic improvements following training .
february : replication . klingberg replicates the first cogmed study with a randomized , double - blinded , placebo controlled , multicenter trial – drawing attention to wm training . ( klingberg et al . , 2005 )
december : children with social , emotional and behavioral problems show improved iq , inhibition , test anxiety and teacher - reported behavior , attention and emotional symptoms after cogmed . ( roughan & hadwin , 2011 )
2002 all effort from the team , now including ceo jonas jendi , goes into planning and executing a larger study to replicate the initial research findings . 2003 a project is launched to test the transferability of cogmed training outside of academic research to daily life . the first version of the cogmed coaching method is developed and the first paying customers , spread out across sweden , are carefully coached with excellent results .
cogmed is more than a video game . this brain - training software program promises to reduce inattention and hyperactivity , and improve memory in people with adhd . what you need to know to assess it .
cogmed training is a scientifically determined program that changes the way you process information and research shows the effects last once training is completed . it is not about teaching behavioural strategies for coping with memory deficits .
perhaps that reflects the company’s origins . whereas the founders of posit , cogmed and lumosity all have advanced degrees in psychology and neuroscience , the founder of learningrx obtained his ph . d . in pediatric optometry .
the program is based on strong scientific research , is delivered under the supervision of a qualified cogmed coach , and can be done either in the convenience of the client’s home or at a designated healthcare facility .
upgrades and enhancements provide an easier and more robust implementation allowing you to help trainees achieve better results . learn about some of cogmed ' s new features in this short video . see v4 . 6 release notes .
‐ updated cogmed questionnaire ( english speaking markets only ) . ‐ first‐time login guide . ‐ a first version of cogmed start‐up session ( selected accounts only ) . ‐ bold block numbers in the calendar view to indicate when the trainee is not training according to recommended protocol . ‐ added
extended
state to the status column in the trainings view . ‐ several smaller fixes on both front‐ and back‐end , e . g . : ‐ fixed index rounding error on subtraction between max and baseline . ‐ propeller now scores the coach training only after all questions have been answered . we hope that you will enjoy using cogmed v4 . 3 .
cogmed working memory training is an evidence - based , computerized training program designed by leading neuroscientists to improve attention by effectively increasing working memory capacity over a 5 week training period ( with variations to that protocol ) .
the cwmt ( cogmed ) method consists of 25 training sessions done online . each participant assigned to the training group will complete eight exercises for five weeks with five sessions every week . each session consists of a selection of various tasks that target the different aspects of attention / working memory . participants will engage in weekly discussions over the phone for about 1 hour with an assigned cogmed coach who will provide support and encouragement over the 5 weeks .
cogmed training is an evidence - based , computer training program that can be effectively implemented in schools , private practice or in the health service , to improve one’s working memory capacity to be better equipped to meet daily challenges .
missing values in coaching center cpi add up graphs are now removed . fixed issue with sessions sometimes being reshuffled in coaching center
block
graphs . improved hit area in exercises cube , rotating dots and space whack . fixed drag issues in cpi listen - up . fixed issue with cogmed questionnaire ‘checkpoint’ appearing 3 times in a row . fixed that the last item disappeared too soon in space whack . we hope that you will enjoy using cogmed .
if you are a psychologist or medical doctor experienced in working with children , adolescents or adults with attention deficits , and are dedicated to using evidence - based treatments in your practice , contact us to offer cogmed to your patients .
neuroplay brain training is dedicated to helping children and adults learn in a different way . you can choose from executive function coaching , cogmed , pace , or neurofeedback . click on the links in the menu to learn more about each approach .
with cogmed as part of our portfolio , we can better meet your needs . in addition to offering assessments that diagnose and assess cognitive functions and impairments , we will now be able to offer a solution to assist you in improving these conditions .
in 2002 , cogmed co - founder torkel klingberg published the results of a study that suggested students engaged in working - memory training could improve their scores on standardized tests after roughly five weeks of use . a similar study published in 2008 went a step further , suggesting that a person could boost her iq by a full point with each hour of working - memory training . since 2002 , more than 25 additional studies have supported the efficacy of the cogmed © working memory training program on improving adhd symptoms .
the programs offered by posit , lumosity and cogmed are now being used by psychologists not affiliated with the companies to help people with diagnosed cognitive disorders , including traumatic brain injury , a . d . h . d . , and the aftereffect of chemotherapy .
pearson is pleased to announce the acquisition of cogmed , a technology - based program for working memory training , developed at the karolinska institute in sweden . working memory is the cognitive function responsible for keeping information online , manipulating it , and using it in thinking .
● negative feedback after each trial has been removed . ● improvements to the space whack exercise ● no training exercises on cpi blocks ( 25 - minutes protocol only ) ● protocol changes for more consistent start index calculations ● improved cogmed questionnaire reporting ● various fixes and improvements
if you are a mental - health professional ( such as a psychologist or a medical doctor ) in private practice or working with an institution , focused on using evidence - based interventions to help your patients with attention deficits , you will find cogmed relevant for your practice .
v4 . 5 . 0 update : - improved blocks view - add ability to add important notifications directly at login - added version number in training client - better error messaging - localization of v4 to swedish - various bug fixes and improvements we hope that you will enjoy using cogmed .
cogmed’s research - based training program and implementation method , combined with the company’s close customer relationships optimizes end - user results and has contributed to its success in turning a basic research breakthrough into an intervention successfully implemented in health care practices and schools in the united states and around the world .
in our research and in the practical experience of the cogmed practices , 80 % of users see measurable improvements . that does not mean you can be sure to get results . no intervention works for everyone . 80 % is a number we are proud of , but we cannot provide guarantees in any particular case .
cogmed emerged out of leading neuroscience research establishing that working memory capacity is not fixed , but can be changed . the highly structured program combining working memory exercises and coach support has been shown to be effective in improving working memory for a wide variety of populations . the evidence comes out of rigorous research published in peer - reviewed scientific journals .
this webinar denotes a more differentiated consideration of reasonable expectations for the effects of cogmed on children with adhd and those who are designated to have working memory deficits . while adhd predominantly inattentive type presents similarly in patients as those with working memory deficits . those with working memory deficits would still be considered have less severe deficits than those with adhd .
v4 . 2 . 0 update : - improved graph readability by updating color schemes . - updated help texts for the help icon . - improved handling of new id quota . - fixes in cpi graphs . - improved video handling in propeller . - about 20 smaller fixes and improvements . we hope that you will enjoy using cogmed v4 . 2 .
v4 . 4 . 0 update : - adjusted criteria for automatic removal of cpi “add up” - adjusted trigger criteria for mandatory break - added possibility to reinstate cpi “add up” and mandatory break after removal - removed verbal suggestions to take a break - added help information for adjusting training weights - minor improvements and fixes we hope that you will enjoy using cogmed .
march : brain injured adults report decreased cognitive failures and improved occupational performance and satisfaction after cogmed . ( johansson & tornmalm , 2012 ) march : older and younger adults improve on wm , a test of sustained attention , and self - rating of cognitive functioning in daily life . gains maintained at 3 month follow –up . ( brehmer et al . , 2012 )
melby - lervåg first became interested in working - memory training because she works with children who have learning disabilities , and she knew their parents were signing up for cogmed . pearson is a respected name that is strongly associated with education . “since they work with children with learning disabilities , they have a responsibility to market programs that are evidence - based , ” she said . “it’s unethical . ”
the management of working memory deficits has for a long time focussed solely on teaching behavioural strategies for coping . working memory training instead , focuses on strengthening working memory capacity with specific and intensive practice of working memory tasks . the majority of individuals who train with cogmed show improvements in working memory and non - trained behaviour such as improvements in inattention and capacity to learn , that are sustained after training .
additude talked with bradley gibson , ph . d . , lead author of the uncontrolled study , published in 2007 by the university of notre dame , and barbara ingersoll , ph . d . , a clinical associate professor in west virginia university’s department of behavioral medicine and psychiatry and a cogmed © trainer , to learn how the program works from two of its proponents . here is what they said :
patients diagnosed with any type of multiple sclerosis ( ms ) who show objective evidence of attention problems will be randomized to standard medical care ( treatment as usual ) or attention training , which will be completed at their home using a commercially available attention training task ( cogmed working memory training - cwmt ) for 5 weeks . patients will undergo cognitive testing before and after intervention and at 6 months follow up .
julie schweitzer , director of the a . d . h . d . program at the university of california , davis , published a study in july finding that children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder who used cogmed for 25 days were significantly better able to stay on task and to perform on a test of working memory — the ability to not just hold but to juggle items in the mind despite brief distractions .
while this webinar will spend approximately half of the hour on cogmed as an evidence - based intervention for adhd it will consider other options as well . however , as is well known by clinicians , researchers and educators there is no way to do an exhaustive review of evidence - based interventions of adhd in 1 hour or less , let alone 30 minutes or less . what we will be able to provide is some data for your consideration of the relative strengths and weaknesses of the existing evidence thus far . some time will be spent considering the impact of medication , cogmed and other innovative approaches to managing adhd . we consider this topic worthy of several hours of webinars and as such while we expect we may open up more questions than answers we thought this is useful to provide a forum for consideration of this topic .
one of the challenges of understanding the effects of working memory training is grasping what might be considered the mechanism of change in those who complete the program . working memory is the target of the program and certainly is considered one mechanism of change . however with some consistency other ‘near transfer’ effects , particularly in what are categorized as executive functions ( ef ) have been found to have improved in peer reviewed published studies of cogmed .
we have been trying to use the cogmed ipad version for several weeks because the ipad provides a better interface than using a pc / mouse . unfortunately , after we enter our login information , the program freezes as soon as we login . we tried downloading the new app to go with the new ios but it also freezes and does not even load up the images . app is not ready for action as of the date of this review .
an intriguing aspect of working memory ( wm ) is the fact that so many patients with a range of disorders include deficits in wm ( traumatic brain injury ( tbi ) , stroke , schizophrenia , adhd , anxiety , depression , etc . ) . while early work with cogmed has focused upon patients identified with either cognitive deficits ( adhd , tbi , stroke , etc . ) or healthy clients , more recent work has moved into disorders in which anxiety is the primary deficit .
in 2014 there were two cogmed - specific studies with college aged adults with adhd ( albeit older and with a broader age range than most “college - aged samples” ) ( gropper , et a . , 2014 ; mawjee , et al . , 2014 ) . in 2015 two new studies were added to the literature ( liu et al . , 2015 ; mawjee et al . , 2015 ) . the study by gropper , et al . , 2014 , focuses upon adults who are adhd or ld . the mawjee , et al . ( 2014 ) , pilot study addressing issues of engagement , motivation and expectancy and was followed up with a larger study by mawjee et al . , in 2015 . an unusual study by liu et al . was published in 2015 that considered eeg data . we will review this data as well as the research and salient conceptual context that will help you to make sense of adult adhd and how cogmed might play a role with this population .
additionally , they argued that there were some promising studies for improvements in academic abilities but that more controlled studies were needed before we could make strong and specific claims on this topic . the recently published study : “predictor and moderators of treatment outcome in cognitive training for children with adhd” by van der donk , et al . , ( 2016 ) tested those arguments empirically . drs . shinaver and entwistle will review this study with some detail along with other salient cogmed - specific data to update the empirical status of the position they argued in 2014 .
articulating the implications of this finding is the focus of this webinar . this will include defining working memory in context of other memory functions . we will briefly distinguish this from improved attention , the second most supported effect of cogmed . we will also consider data related to the length of time these effects have been found to last . and finally we will consider possible implications of this striking finding that working memory can be improved as it relates to : the decline of working memory over the lifespan , how working memory deficits relate to a number of mental health disorders and the educational implications of working memory .
an early study by beck , et al . 2010 of school - aged children with adhd found improved ef . yet , improvements in ef have been found with increasing regularity in more recent studies across a range of ages and presenting problems . improved ef among groups of school - aged adhd children and some with learning concerns has been found in recently published studies ( roording - ragetlie , et al . , 2016 ; bigorra , et al . , 2016 ; van der donk . , et al . , 2016 ) . au , et al . , 2014 found an improvement in organizing thoughts among school - aged children who had fragile x syndrome . foy and mann , 2014 found that preschoolers from economically disadvantaged communities who completed cogmed improved in executive control . hyer , et al . , 2016 found a lack of declining executive functioning among older adults with mild cognitive impairment as measured by self report on the functional activities questionnaire ( faq ) whereas the control group continued to decline in this area .
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pilot indicating for the 1st time that wm is plastic and can be improved . ( klingberg et al . )
july : review article summarizes extant evidence for wm training . ( klingberg , 2010 )
november : children exhibit reduced adhd symptoms according to parent report . ( beck et al . , 2010 )
june : individual variations in lmx1a gene – which is thought to influence transmission of dopamine – impact wm training related gains in verbal wm . ( bellander et al . , 2011 )
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in this exercise at learningrx in upper montclair , n . j . , a trainee tosses a bean bag on the beat of a metronome while doing addition or recalling a sentence , one letter at a time .
in the back room of a suburban storefront previously occupied by a yoga studio , nick vecchiarello , a 16 - year - old from glen ridge , n . j . , sits at a desk across from kathryn duch , a recent college graduate who wears a black shirt emblazoned with the words “brain trainer . ” spread out on the desk are a dozen playing cards showing symbols of varying colors , shapes and sizes . nick stares down , searching for three cards whose symbols match .
“oh , man , ” mutters nick , his eyes shifting among the cards , looking for patterns .
across the room , nathan veloric , 23 , studies a list of numbers , looking for any two in a row that add up to nine . with tight - lipped determination , he scrawls a circle around one pair as his trainer holds a stopwatch to time him . halfway through the 50 seconds allotted to complete the exercise , a ruckus comes from the center of the room .
“nathan’s here ! ” shouts vanessa maia , another trainer . approaching him with a teasing grin , she claps her hands like an annoying little sister . “distraction ! ” she shouts . “distraction ! ”
there is purpose behind the silliness . ms . maia is challenging the trainees to stay focused on their tasks in the face of whatever distractions may be out there , whether twitter feeds , the latest tumblr posting or old - fashioned classroom commotion .
“we measure every student pre - and post - training with a version of the woodcock - johnson general intelligence test , ” said ken gibson , who began franchising learningrx centers in 2003 , and has data on more than 30 , 000 of the nearly 50 , 000 students who have been trained . “the average gain on i . q . is 15 points after 24 weeks of training , and 20 points in less than 32 weeks . ”
“your brain , just brighter , ” is the slogan of lumosity , an online company that now has some 25 million registered members . according to its web site , “our users have reported profound benefits that include : clearer and quicker thinking ; faster problem - solving skills ; increased alertness and awareness ; better concentration at work or while driving ; sharper memory for names , numbers and directions . ”
those results are achieved , the companies say , by repurposing cognitive tasks initially developed by psychologists as tests of mental abilities . with technical names like the antisaccade , the n - back and the complex working memory span task , the exercises are dressed up as games that become increasingly difficult as students gain mastery .
conceived to appeal to adults , especially baby boomers looking to stanch the effects of aging , lumosity now draws one - quarter of its audience from students between the ages of 11 and 21 , according to michael scanlon , the company’s scientific director . “i was taken aback that so much of our user base is so young , ” he said . “the particular audience i had in mind at the earliest stages of the company was my mother . ” in response to requests from schoolteachers , the fee is now waived — $ 15 a month — for students in their classrooms . more than 1 , 000 teachers and 10 , 000 students have enrolled this year , mr . scanlon said .
for the one - on - one training at learningrx , fees are decidedly higher , from about $ 80 to $ 90 an hour in upper montclair . the students come with learning disabilities , with grades they want to improve in a competitive academic environment , all with hopes of just being sharper .
taylor webster , 16 , trains daily for lacrosse with a personal coach . “she has natural athletic ability , ” said her mother , samantha newman - webster . “but it’s really through her training that she has been able to achieve to the point where she’s being sought out by college recruiters . ” would brain training , the family wondered , do for her grades what physical training did for her lacrosse game ?
ms . newman - webster enrolled taylor , already a b student at the private montclair kimberley academy , at learningrx in february . “i felt like i wanted to do whatever i could to make her learning easier , faster , deeper , ” she said . “i knew she was going to be taking the sats , and they say it will improve whatever you’re trying to do . ”
speaking by cellphone on the way to a lacrosse game , taylor explained , with a laugh , what it’s like : “in the beginning your head is sore . honestly , i had headaches after going there the first few times . it was kind of tedious and made my brain hurt . but i started getting better and better at it . it kind of became a competition for me to do better each time . ”
she’s now studying for the sat . “it used to take me an hour to memorize 20 words . now i can learn , like , 40 new words in 20 minutes . ”
others — a majority , according to learningrx — seek cognitive training in the hopes of remediating a learning disability .
of his brain training , he said , “i don’t know if it makes you smarter . but when you get to each new level on the math and reading tasks , it definitely builds up your self - confidence . ”
nick vecchiarello struggles with attention deficit disorder . “during middle school we had every kind of tutor known to man , ” said his mother , diane . “name it , we’ve done it” — stimulant medication , sessions with a psychologist . “he never liked anything to do with education . ” a brochure from learningrx showed up in the mail , and the scientific aura around the program impressed the vecchiarellos . they decided to spend $ 12 , 000 for a year of visits , one to three times a week .
“it has been a financial strain , ” acknowledged nick’s father , richard , a fifth - grade teacher in nearby fair lawn . “yes , i think it’s made a change in nick . his grades are better . if it gives him a leg up on life , you can’t put a price on that . ” in september , after six months , nick and his parents decided he had made enough progress to stop his medication .
for all the glowing testimonials , there are postings to be found online from parents of children with learning disabilities , complaining about substantial fees and minimal benefit .
whether the results last beyond the blush of training — indeed , whether i . q . can truly be bolstered in a meaningful way — are questions on which serious scientists still disagree . studies have been published in recent years finding that intelligence can be improved through training , but not enough of them are of sufficient scientific quality to convince everyone in the field .
nick vecchiarello , 16 , of glen ridge , n . j . , finds the patterns in a learningrx exercise .
one skeptic is douglas k . detterman , professor of psychology at case western reserve university and founding editor of the influential academic journal intelligence . his research would seem to offer reassurance to college - bound brain trainees , because he has found a close correlation between i . q . and sat scores . “all of these tests are pretty much the same thing , ” he said . “they measure general intelligence . ”
the catch , however , is that dr . detterman believes that cognitive training only makes people better at taking tests , without improving their underlying intelligence . dr . detterman said of brain training , “it’s probably not harmful . but i would tell parents : save your money . look at the studies the commercial services have done to support their results . you’ll find very poorly done studies , with no control groups and all kinds of problems . ”
executives at traditional tutoring and test - prep services tend to share dr . detterman’s view — perhaps not surprisingly , because some of the brain training programs pitch themselves in direct contrast to standard tutoring . ( “brain training vs . tutoring , ” says the headline of a learningrx brochure . “is tutoring what your child really needs ? ” ) bror saxberg , chief learning officer of kaplan inc . , questions whether improving performance on an intelligence test will translate directly to improved grades and test scores .
still , a new and growing body of scientific evidence indicates that cognitive training can be effective , including that offered by commercial services .
he’s now conducting a follow - up study of college students in texas and , he said , sees even stronger gains when the training is offered one on one .
michael merzenich , who spent years conducting brain plasticity research in animals as a professor at the university of california , san francisco , started posit science to make the results of his research more widely available . “this is medicine , ” he insisted . “it is driving changes in the brain . ”
“i entered this work with some skepticism that just doing some computer work at home could help anybody , ” she said . “i thought we wouldn’t be able to move the needle on their cognitive abilities . and not everybody has been able to make gains . but i’ve had some kids who not only reported that they had very big changes in the classroom , but when we bring them back in the laboratory to do neuropsychological testing , we also see great changes . they show increases that would be highly unlikely to happen just by chance . ”
“we got positive results , but it was a very small study , ” she said . it involved just 26 children . even so , she said : “in general , i’m cautiously optimistic about the potential for cognitive training . i’m concerned that some of the studies out there have not had the rigor that ought to be there . but i think the potential is there . ”
at lumosity’s headquarters on the sixth floor of a rehabbed building in downtown san francisco , bicycles line a wall , the meeting room has foosball , and the intensely focused young employees tap at their computers in a sprawling room without cubicles . it could be mistaken for a satellite office of google . except , oh , wait a minute , that guy who won the american crossword puzzle tournament five times in a row ? he actually quit google last year to work here .
“i looked around for a place that would get me closer to the kinds of games and puzzles i enjoy , ” said tyler hinman , who is now a software developer and game designer at lumosity . “but where crosswords and sudoku are intended to be a diversion , the games here give that same kind of reward , only they’re designed to improve your brain , your memory , your problem - solving skills . ”
not all the exercises offered by the commercial services carry the scientific pedigree of the n - back . some offered by learningrx exude an undeniable whiff of the theatrical , like having trainers shout and clap to help students learn to ignore distractions .
“largely my focus was on visual training , ” dr . gibson said . treating children with problems involving focusing or eye movement , he developed an interest in dyslexia and other learning disorders . “i realized i could help those who had eyes crossed , but i wasn’t helping very much with their academic performance , ” he said . “i started reading the literature about training abilities of every skill , not just visual , but auditory and memory and speed of processing . ”
dr . gibson is self - taught in the field of psychology ; his confidence in his program , he said , comes from the gains students make on i . q . tests . trainers and franchise owners must be college graduates but need not have expertise — beyond the training given to them by learningrx . ms . duch and ms . maia , the montclair trainers , have b . a . ’s in psychology .
“this has been a process since 1986 , ” dr . gibson said . “we have so systematized the program that the educational background of the trainers and franchise owners is not an issue . i don’t come from the perspective of an academic . we’re not part of duke university or harvard . we have to get results to justify the fees that we charge and get referrals . ”
back at the franchise in upper montclair , nathan veloric is trying to do his “speed numbers” exercise just a bit faster , in 45 seconds rather than 50 , still without missing a single pair of numbers that add up to nine . four times in a row he goes down a list , each time missing just one of the pairs .
“o . k . , try it again , ” says ms . duch . “i know you’re getting tired . just give me two more tries . ” and again she starts the timer .
dan hurley is a neuroscience reporter writing a book on new research into intelligence .
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