the chestnut-backed antbird ( myrmeciza exsul ) is a passerine bird in the antbird family .

it is found in humid forests in central and south america ( chocó-magdalena ) , ranging from eastern nicaragua to western ecuador .

it mainly occurs in lowlands up to an altitude of 900 metres ( 3,000 ft ) m , but locally it occurs higher .

this is a common bird in the understory thickets of wet forest , especially at edges , along streams and in old treefall clearings , and in adjacent tall second growth .

the female lays two purple or red-brown spotted white eggs , which are incubated by both sexes , in an untidy cup nest which is constructed from vines , plant fibre and dead leaves and placed low in vegetation .

the male and female parents both feed the chicks .

the chestnut-backed antbird is heavy-bodied and short-tailed , typically 14 centimetres ( 5.5 in ) long , and weighing 28 grams ( 0.99 oz ) .

both sexes have a pale blue bare patch of skin around each eye .

the adult male has a blackish head , neck and breast , and the rest of the upperparts , wings and tail are chestnut .

the flanks and the lower belly are a somewhat darker brown .

the female has a brownish-black head and neck , but this does not extend to the breast .

her underparts are a darker chestnut in the nominate subspecies of the caribbean lowlands from nicaragua to panama , but more rufous in m. e. occidentalis of the pacific lowlands in costa rica and panama .

m. e. niglarus from eastern panama and far north-western colombia ( northern chocó department ) is similar .

young birds are duller and slatier than the adults .

the subspecies found in far south-east panama ( darién province ) , colombia ( except northern chocó department ) and ecuador , m. e. maculifer and m. e. cassini , have two wing bars consisting of white spots .

they were once considered a separate species , the wing-spotted antbird ( m. maculifer ) , but are vocally similar to the subspecies without spots on the wings , and the two groups hybridize where their distributions come into contact .

this species has a grating naar call , and the male ’s song is a whistled peeet peeew answered by the female ’s higher pitched version .

the chestnut-backed antbird is normally found as pairs throughout the year , but occasionally joins mixed-species feeding flocks or army ants .

it feeds on insects , other arthropods , and sometimes small frogs or lizards taken from leaf litter and vine tangles in low vegetation or on the ground .

it is easier to hear than see in its dense habitat , but can be attracted by imitating its whistled song .

it may then give a territorial display with puffed-up body , drooped wings , and pumping tail .

chestnut - backed antbird

nonbreeding territorial behavior of two congeneric antbirds , chestnut - backed antbird ( myrmeciza exsul ) and white - bellied antbird ( m . longipes )
a pair of chestnut - backed antbirds foraging and singing about 4 m from me , in the rain .
the signature look of three species of antbird found on the osa peninsula of costa rica is the blue orbital skin ( the skin surrounding the eye ) . the chestnut - backed antbird is one of these species and is distinguished from the others by its slate colored head and chestnut back . the other antbird that you are likely to see here with the blue orbital skin is the bicolored antbird , but it is distinguished by its white neck and belly .
the antbird was only 1 m from me , sang twice , then flew away .
chestnut - backed antbirds ( myrmeciza exsul ) are common residents of the osa peninsula and one of the most abundant species found here . it is difficult to walk outside here at friends of the osa’s osa biodiversity center and not hear two or three individuals counter - singing . often times when the rest of the forest has become fairly quiet you can always count on a chestnut - backed antbird to let you know that all is as it should be .
the chestnut - backed antbird is one of many secretive forest understory species that is far more often heard than seen . the song - - a two - or three - note whistle - - is a common feature of many lowland forests throughout the species’ range . like most antbirds , the species has no special predilection for foraging at army - ant swarms , though it does so opportunistically when a swarm passes through a territory . the specific name exsul ( “stranger” in latin ) may have reflected its sporadic appearance at ant swarms to early naturalists who believed all antbirds followed army ants . unlike many forest - dwelling antbird species , the chestnut - backed antbird is often found in even small forest patches in fragmented landscapes , and it has flourished on barro colorado island , panama , despite being a demonstrably isolated population .
zimmer , k . , isler , m . l . & kirwan , g . m . ( 2018 ) . chestnut - backed antbird ( poliocrania exsul ) . in : del hoyo , j . , elliott , a . , sargatal , j . , christie , d . a . & de juana , e . ( eds . ) . handbook of the birds of the world alive . lynx edicions , barcelona . ( retrieved from urltoken on 9 july 2018 ) .
as you can tell by the name , chestnut - backed antbirds follow army ant swarms ; however , they only do this occasionally and are not considered obligate , or professional , army ant followers . they are strongly associated with the dark undergrowth of wet tropical forests within dense vegetation especially near overgrown treefalls or dense thickets . they often join mixed species flocks but won’t necessarily move along the forest with the flock , but will rather join them while ant swarms are moving through the dense thickets in which the chestnut - backed antbirds are found . once the army ant swarm or the mixed species flock is gone , they will remain in the undergrowth found in their territory . many tropical birds follow army ant swarms to pick up insects flushed by the ants , not to eat the ants themselves . chestnut - backed antbirds mainly hop along very low lying perches or along the ground and peck their prey , which mainly consists of insects and spiders from the ground or near the ground vegetation .
13·5–14·5 cm ; 24–30 g . male nominate race has head , throat and upper breast greyish black ; upperparts and tail dark chestnut , wing - coverts blacker , . . .
a pair of chestnut - backed antbirds was foraging near the ground , and i made my way close to intercept them . the two moved to within 2 m and 5 m of me . they sang their typical , 2 - element song ( e . g . , 0 : 00 , 0 : 08 , 0 : 17 ; the loudest at 1 : 19 and 1 : 29 ) . in addition , for about 12 seconds starting at 0 : 20 , the closer one sang a quiet little song . they continued to forage and sing as they moved away from me .
authors : stefan woltmann , ryan s . terrill , matthew j . miller , and matthew l . brady
woltmann , s . , r . s . terrill , m . j . miller , and m . l . brady ( 2010 ) .
) , version 1 . 0 . in neotropical birds online ( t . s . schulenberg , editor ) . cornell lab of ornithology , ithaca , ny , usa .
a pair that stayed within 1 to 3 m of one another as they sang and foraged . they were about 3 m and 5 m from me . the call at 0 : 23 also was from one of the antbirds .
one individual singing at low level and flying away . habitat : secondary forest .
the bird was calling as it foraged on some dead branches about 0 . 5 m from the ground , about 3 to 4 m from me .
bird was singing the
come here
song within 1 m of me , as if i were not there , about 0 . 5 m from ground in brush right along pipeline road . another adult was singing the
come here
song at least 80 m away . location was about 400 m north of juan grande .
bird was singing the
come here
song within 1 m of me , as if i were not there , about 0 . 5 m from ground in brush right along pipeline road . his / her mate was nearby singing the barking aargh call . another adult was singing the
come here
song at least 80 m away . location was about 400 m north of juan grande .
on loop trail . two birds foraging on ground very close to trail and calling in response to playback .
sonogram images © xeno - canto foundation . sonogram images share the same license terms as the recording they depict .
hitherto considered conspecific with p . maculifer ( which see ) . plumage differences among races may reflect clinal variation . three subspecies recognized .
( cherrie , 1891 ) – pacific slope in costa rica and w panama ( chiriquí , veraguas ) .
( wetmore , 1962 ) – e panama ( from colón e of canal , and pacific slope in panamá province and nw darién ) and adjacent extreme nw colombia ( n chocó ) .
loudsong 2–3 mellow , slightly downslurred whistles , intervals between them typically longer . . .
understorey of humid evergreen forest and adjacent mature second - growth woodland ; mostly below 900 . . .
feeds on a variety of insects and other arthropods ; also occasionally on small lizards and frogs . stomach contents from panama include . . .
season late mar–aug ( perhaps mar–oct ) in costa rica and apr–nov in panama . nest a compact or bulky and messy cup , one in . . .
presumed resident . home - range size in sw costa rica varied from 1·02–2·76 ha to . . .
not globally threatened ( least concern ) . fairly common to common throughout most of its range . occurs in a number of protected areas , e . g . saslaya national park and rí . . .
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recent phylogenetic studies # r # r # r have led to internal clarification of family and its division into two subfamilies , thamnophilinae and myrmornithinae ; subsequent work has erected a third , euchrepomidinae ( see below , euchrepomis ) .
recent phylogenetic studies # r # r # r have led to distribution of taxa included herein into five tribes , microrhopiini , formicivorini , thamnophilini , pithyini and pyriglenini .
traditionally included in myrmeciza ( which see ) , but recently split as a new genus # r # r ; forms a clade with ampelornis and sipia .
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they are territorial throughout the entire year and both the male and female sing duets back and forth to each other and in response to their nearest neighbors . when disturbed , they will pump their tail downward , droop their wings , and fluff up their feathers . they nest low in small bushes or debris during the rainy season from april to october . they usually lay two eggs and both parents incubate and tend to their young .
we would like to thank both alan dahl from focused on nature and gianfranco gomez from the drake bay rainforest chalet for allowing us to showcase their photographs .
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carara national park is south of the rio tarcoles and 15 km north of . . .
carara national park is south of the rio tarcoles and 15 km north of jaco dentral . it boasts of a large population of breeding scarlet macaws , capuchin monkeys , anteaters , parrots , aracaris , kingfishers old growth forest and is a transistional forest supporting both amazonian and mesoamerican habitats .
there is a tremendous amount to see in carara park , especially if you are interested in the birds of costa rica . for birders , i would highly recommend johan chavez as your guide . brilliant young man who knows the birds and all other aspects of carara and costa rica natural history . we spent two days with him and loved the trip . . . .
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stri staff publications [ 3666 ] a collection of scientific publications by stri staff .


the brown-throated wattle-eye ( platysteira cyanea ) , also known as the common wattle-eye or scarlet-spectacled wattle-eye , is a small , insectivorous passerine bird .

the wattle-eyes were previously classed as a subfamily of the old world flycatcher family muscicapidae , but are now usually separated from that group .

this species breeds in west , central and northeast tropical africa .

this common species is found in secondary forest and other woodland areas , including gardens .

the eggs are laid in a small neat lichen and cobweb cup low in a tree or bush .

the adult brown-throated wattle-eye is a stout bird about 14 cm ( 5.5 in ) long .

the breeding male has glossy black upperparts , and white underparts with a neat black breast band .

there is a strong white wingbar , and fleshy red wattles above the eye .

the females are grey-black above , and also have the white wing bar and red wattles .

there is a small patch of white below the bill , and the throat and breast are maroon , separated from the white belly by the black breast band .

young males are washed-out , greyer versions of the female .

these active insect-eating birds are found in pairs or small groups .

the ringing call of the brown-throated wattle-eye is a very characteristic six note doo-dd-dum-di-do-do .

brown - throated wattle - eye

this birds call bears some resemblance to black - throated wattle - eye , though they are not known to intergrade .
few birds are named after the plumage of the female , but brown - throated wattle - eye ( platysteira castanea ) is one of them . the following photo is of a male .
louette , m . ( 2018 ) . brown - throated wattle - eye ( platysteira cyanea ) . in : del hoyo , j . , elliott , a . , sargatal , j . , christie , d . a . & de juana , e . ( eds . ) . handbook of the birds of the world alive . lynx edicions , barcelona . ( retrieved from urltoken on 9 july 2018 ) .
13 cm ; 12–17 g . black and white flycatcher - like bird with fleshy red eye wattle and white wingstripe . male nominate has top of head and mantle glossy bluish - black , . . .
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thank you for taking the time to provide feedback on the iucn red list of threatened species website , we are grateful for your input .
del hoyo , j . , collar , n . j . , christie , d . a . , elliott , a . , fishpool , l . d . c . , boesman , p . and kirwan , g . m . 2016 . hbw and birdlife international illustrated checklist of the birds of the world . volume 2 : passerines . lynx edicions and birdlife international , barcelona , spain and cambridge , uk .
justification : this species has an extremely large range , and hence does not approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the range size criterion ( extent of occurrence < 20 , 000 km2 combined with a declining or fluctuating range size , habitat extent / quality , or population size and a small number of locations or severe fragmentation ) . the population trend appears to be stable , and hence the species does not approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the population trend criterion ( > 30 % decline over ten years or three generations ) . the population size has not been quantified , but it is not believed to approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the population size criterion ( < 10 , 000 mature individuals with a continuing decline estimated to be > 10 % in ten years or three generations , or with a specified population structure ) . for these reasons the species is evaluated as least concern .
the global population size has not been quantified , but the species is reported to be uncommon to common ( urban et al . 1997 ) . trend justification : the population is suspected to be stable in the absence of evidence for any declines or substantial threats .
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( statius müller , 1776 ) – senegal e to w central african republic , s to nw angola and nw drcongo ( s approximately to r congo ) .
neumann , 1905 – e central african republic and c & e drcongo ( from lower and middle r congo ) e to s south sudan , w kenya , and nw tanzania including islands in l victoria ( kome , ukerewe ) .
very extensive repertoire . song a series of plaintive ( sometimes descibed as “melodious . . .
array of wooded habitats , including forest clearings ; avoids primary forest , but occurs in sahel . . .
arthropods . many orders of insects recorded , lepidopterans , hymenopterans , termites ( isoptera ) , orthopterans , flies ( diptera ) , bugs ( . . .
seems to nest for much of year in equatorial areas ; adults feeding young and fledglings in jan , mar and jul–aug in cameroon ; . . .
resident , but probably some local seasonal movement in w africa ; more common in gambia during rains . . .
not globally threatened . generally common . in liberia , locally 3–5 singing males / 10 ha . in cameroon , very common across the forest , the adamawa and the benue plain . in . . .
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this map displays aggregated data from ibc and my birding ( anonymously ) ; markers do not indicate precise localities .
five males changing perch frequently , flicking their wings , singing and calling around a female hidden inside a bush ( see xc247571 ) . habitat : secondary evergreen forest , garden .
sonogram images © xeno - canto foundation . sonogram images share the same license terms as the recording they depict .
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howard and moore 4th edition ( incl . corrigenda vol . 1 - 2 ) :
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this species has an extremely large range , and hence does not approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the range size criterion ( extent of occurrence < 20 , 000 km2 combined with a declining or fluctuating range size , habitat extent / quality , or population size and a small number of locations or severe fragmentation ) . the population trend appears to be stable , and hence the species does not approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the population trend criterion ( > 30 % decline over ten years or three generations ) . the population size has not been quantified , but it is not believed to approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the population size criterion ( < 10 , 000 mature individuals with a continuing decline estimated to be > 10 % in ten years or three generations , or with a specified population structure ) . for these reasons the species is evaluated as least concern .
recommended citation birdlife international ( 2018 ) species factsheet : platysteira cyanea . downloaded from urltoken on 09 / 07 / 2018 . recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species : birdlife international ( 2018 ) iucn red list for birds . downloaded from urltoken on 09 / 07 / 2018 .
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bodianus busellatus , is a species of wrasse native to tropical and warm temperate waters of the south central pacific , particularly the marshall islands .

bodianus busellatus

bodianus _ busellatus _ not _ bilunulatus _ n _ sp _ lateral _ 285 _ mmsl _ marq - 453 _ jtwilliams _ marq - 2011 - 33 _ 2011 - 11 - 10 _ 18 - 02 - 43 . jpg
bodianus after bodiano or pudiano , from the portuguese pudor , meaning modesty ( jordan & evermann , 1896 ) .
gomon , m . f . ( 2006 ) . a revision of the labrid fish genus bodianus with descriptions of eight new species . rec . aust . mus . suppl . 30 : 1 - 133 . [ details ]
gomon , m . f . , 2006 . a revision of the labrid fish genus bodianus with descriptions of eight new species . rec . aust . mus . suppl . 30 : 1 - 133 . ( ref . 75973 )
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justification : this species has a very restricted range and little is known about its population and life history characteristics . however , there are no major threats known . it is therefore listed as least concern .
this species was taken only in fatu hiva and nuku hiva within the marquesas islands , and henderson island and ducie atoll in the pitcairn group . although regions adjoining these islands have not been thoroughly sampled , it has not been encountered elsewhere in the tuamotu archipelago even though the area has been explored ( randall pers . comm . in gomon 2006 ) .
this is a large species , to about 315 mm sl . it inhabits coral reefs in depths of 13 - 74 m .
there are no known major threats to this species . it is possibly caught as bycatch .
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photo by cambraia duarte , p . m . n . ( c ) imagdop
, select family and click on ' identification by pictures ' to display all available pictures in fishbase for the family .
, select country and click on ' identification by pictures ' to display all available pictures in fishbase for the country .
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cfm script by eagbayani , 30 . 11 . 04 , , php script by cmilitante , 05 / 11 / 2010 , last modified by cmilitante , 14 / 03 / 2013
name from the latin prefix bu meaning large , and noun sella for saddle , plus the adjectival suffix atus , in reference to the large black saddle - like spot on the caudal peduncle of this species and the spot is considerably larger in individuals of this species than in those of its cognates .
phylogenetic diversity index ( ref . 82805 ) : pd 50 = 0 . 5000 [ uniqueness , from 0 . 5 = low to 2 . 0 = high ] .
bayesian length - weight : a = 0 . 01202 ( 0 . 00558 - 0 . 02589 ) , b = 3 . 06 ( 2 . 88 - 3 . 24 ) , in cm total length , based on lwr estimates for this genus - body shape ( ref . 93245 ) .
trophic level ( ref . 69278 ) : 3 . 5 ±0 . 5 se ; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
resilience ( ref . 69278 ) : medium , minimum population doubling time 1 . 4 - 4 . 4 years ( preliminary k or fecundity . ) .
vulnerability ( ref . 59153 ) : moderate to high vulnerability ( 47 of 100 ) .
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froese , r . & d . pauly ( editors ) . ( 2018 ) . fishbase . world wide web electronic publication . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
- field id : marq - 453 - collection date : 2011 - 11 - 10 - gps : - 10 , 471 / - 138 , 67697 - depth : - 25m - standard length : 285mm - coi dna seq . : cctttatttagtatttggtgcctgagccggaatagtcggcaccgcgctaagtttacttatccgggccgaactaagccaacccggtgctctcctcggagacgaccagatttataatgttatcgttacggcacacgccttcgtaataatcttctttatagtaatacccattatgattggaggttttggaaactgacttatccctctaataattggggcccccgacatggcatttcctcgaatgaacaacatgagcttctgactcctccctccatctttcctactgctgttagcctcttcaggcgtagaagcaggagctggcaccggatggaccgtttatccgcccctagcaggcaatctagcccatgcgggagcatccgtcgatttaaccatcttctcccttcacctagccggggtctcctcaattttaggtgcaattaactttatcaccacaattattaacataaaaccaccagccatctctcaatatcaaacccctctctttgtttgagccgtcctaattaccgctgtactacttctgctctctctccccgtcctggccgccggcattacaatgctattaacagaccgaaacctaaatactacattctttgacccagccggcggaggggacccgattctataccaacacctcttc
confused by a class within a class or an order within an order ? please see our brief essay .
to cite this page : myers , p . , r . espinosa , c . s . parr , t . jones , g . s . hammond , and t . a . dewey . 2018 . the animal diversity web ( online ) . accessed at https : / / animaldiversity . org .
disclaimer : the animal diversity web is an educational resource written largely by and for college students . adw doesn ' t cover all species in the world , nor does it include all the latest scientific information about organisms we describe . though we edit our accounts for accuracy , we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts . while adw staff and contributors provide references to books and websites that we believe are reputable , we cannot necessarily endorse the contents of references beyond our control .
this material is based upon work supported by the national science foundation grants drl 0089283 , drl 0628151 , due 0633095 , drl 0918590 , and due 1122742 . additional support has come from the marisla foundation , um college of literature , science , and the arts , museum of zoology , and information and technology services .


rudenia sepulturae is a species of moth of the tortricidae family .

it is found in south-eastern mexico .

the wingspan is about 7.5 mm .

the ground colour of the forewings is greyish white with grey suffusions , especially in the distal third of the wing and at the base .

the hindwings are grey white , slightly tinged with brownish in the posterior half .

rudenia sepulturae

rubroxena razowski & amp ; pelz , 2007 , shilap revta . lepid . 35 : 34 . type species : rubroxena rubra razowski & amp ; pelz , 2007 . [ tortricinae : euliini ] rubra razowski & amp ; pelz , 2007 ( rubroxena ) , shilap revista lepidopterologia 35 : 35 . tl : ecuador ( azuay , 25 km s cuenca , puerto de tinajilla ) . holotype ( ) : smfm . rudenia sepulturae razowski & amp ; becker , 2007 ( rudenia ) , acta zool . cracoviensia 50b ( 2 ) : 110 . tl : mexico ( chihuahua , la sepultura ) . holotype ( ) : vbc . saphenista alpha razowski and becker , 2007 ( saphenista ) , acta zool . cracoviensia 50b : 101 . tl : ecuador ( carchi , maldonado ) . holotype ( ) : vbc . beta razowski and becker , 2007 ( saphenista ) , acta zool . cracoviensia 50b : 102 . tl : ecuador ( carchi , maldonado ) . holotype ( ) : vbc . chlorfascia razowski and becker , 2007 ( saphenista ) , acta zool . cracoviensia 50b : 103 . tl : ecuador ( carchi , maldonado ) . holotype ( ) : vbc . cubana razowski and becker , 2007 ( saphenista ) , shilap revista lepidopterologia 35 : 71 . tl : cuba ( santiago , sierra maestra p . cuba ) . holotype ( ) : vbc . novaelimae razowski and becker , 2007 ( saphenista ) , acta zool . cracoviensia 50b : 104 . tl : brazil ( nova lima ) . holotype ( ) : vbc .
51 species are treated . 32 new species ( henricus bibelonus sp . n . , h . platanillanus sp . n . , h . cuspis sp . n . , h . bleptus sp . n . , parirazona bomana sp . n . , p . caraca sp . n . , marylinka secunda sp . n . , phalonidia linharesa sp . n . , p . phlebotoma sp . n . , p . fariasana sp . n . , p . cerina sp . n . , p . monocera sp . n . , p . psephena sp . n . , velhoania paradoxa sp . n . , lasiothyris exoch a sp . n . , macasinia vilhena sp . n . , saphenista rhabducha sp . n . , s . chorfascia sp . n . , s . scalena sp . n . , s . alpha sp . n . , s . beta sp . n . , s . solisae sp . n . , s . novaelimae sp . n . , platphalonidia capadana sp . n . , eugnosta ensinoana sp . n . , e . jequieta sp . n . , e . cipoana sp . n . , e . fernandoana sp . n . , rudenia sepulturae sp . n . , deltophalonia indanzae sp . n . , phaniola caboana sp . n . , caraccochylis framea sp . n . , cochylis serrana sp . n . ) and two new genera ( velhoania gen . n . , caraccochylis gen . n . ) are described . the material studied is from mexico , brazil , and ecuador . the data on distribution and morphology are provided .
51 species are treated . 32 new species ( henricus bibelonus sp . n . , h . platanillanus sp . n . , h . cuspis sp . n . , h . bleptus sp . n . , parirazona bomana sp . n . , p . caraca sp . n . , marylinka secunda sp . n . , phalonidia linharesa sp . n . , p . phlebotoma sp . n . , p . fariasana sp . n . , p . cerina sp . n . , p . monocera sp . n . , p . psephena sp . n . , velhoania paradoxa sp . n . , lasiothyris exoch a sp . n . , macasinia vilhena sp . n . , saphenista rhabducha sp . n . , s . chorfascia sp . n . , s . scalena sp . n . , s . alpha sp . n . , s . beta sp . n . , s . solisae sp . n . , s . novaelimae sp . n . , platphalonidia capadana sp . n . , eugnosta ensinoana sp . n . , e . jequieta sp . n . , e . cipoana sp . n . , e . fernandoana sp . n . , rudenia sepulturae sp . n . , deltophalonia indanzae sp . n . , phaniola caboana sp . n . , caraccochylis framea sp . n . , cochylis serrana sp . n . ) and two new genera ( velhoania gen . n . , caraccochylis gen . n . ) are described . the material studied is from mexico , brazil , and ecuador . the data on distribution and morphology are provided .
systematic and faunistic data on neotropical cochylini ( lepidopte . . . : ingenta connect
systematic and faunistic data on neotropical cochylini ( lepidoptera : tortricidae ) , with description of new species . part 2
acta zoologica cracoviensia for several years was published as two series : a–vertebrata , and b–invertebrata . from 2012 on it is continued under its former title– without separate series . the journal includes original contributions on systematics , phylogeny , biogeography , ecology and paleontology of terrestrial and fresh - water animals worldwide . all papers are subject to peer reviews . click here to see current issues of this journal .
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systematic and faunistic data on neotropical cochylini ( lepidoptera : tortricidae ) , with description of new species . part 2 | request pdf
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. . . in argentina , the genus cochylis is not well known , with literature searches only revealing one other documented species , cochylis argentinana ( razowski & becker 2002 ) . within the tribe . . .
. . . cochylini , there are roughly 430 documented species ( razowski & becker 2002 ) . the majority of cochylines feed within the asteraceae , but host specificity at the species - or generic - level has not been studied for most species ( brown 2008 ) . . . .
. . . brown ( 2005 ) listed 68 species and five subspecies . subsequently , brown ( 2006 ) described a new species from argentina ; razowski and wojtusiak ( 2006 ) described a new species from venezuela ; razowski and becker ( 2007a , b ) described a new species from argentina and cuba respectively ; metzler and forbes ( 2012 ) described a new species from the usa . cochylis nana ( haworth , 1811 ) and c . voxcana ( kearfott , 1907 ) were transferred to the genus thyraylia walsingham , 1897 ( gilligan et al . 2012 ) . . . .
. . . the sclerotized socii are attached laterally to the apex of the tegumen ; the transtilla is strong , the mesal process is upturned and stout ; the valva is simple ; and the phallus contains a single stout cornutus . carolella busck , 1939 has been considered a synonym of eugnosta or a separate genus by different authors ( e . g . , pogue 1986 , brown 2005 , razowski 1998 , 2011 , razowski & becker 2007 ) . pogue ( 1986 ) noted the close relationship between the genera . . . .
. . . brown ( 2005 ) followed pogue and listed them as separate genera . razowski ( 1998 razowski ( , 2011 ) and razowski & becker ( 2007 ) synonymized carolella with eugnosta . eugnosta brownana appears to share characters of both genera , thus we follow razowski ( 2011 ) . . . .
systematics and faunistics of neotropical eucosmini , 4 : three new genera and their species ( lepidopt . . .
three genera ( brasilnotia gen . n . , malinova gen . n . , tiburica gen . n . ) and three species ( brasilnotia planaltinana sp . n . , malinova novaelimae sp . n . , tiburica paranae sp . n . ) from brazil are described and illustrated .
systematics and faunistics of neotropical olethreutini , 3 : omiostola meyrick , 1922 ( lepidoptera : tor . . .
seven species of omiostola are recorded from brazil , ecuador and cuba , four of which ( o . longimacula , o . paragerda , o . manca , o . macella ) are described as new . an alphabetical list of the known species of the genus is provided . o . macrotrachela is synonymized with o . hemeropis . episimus melanaspis and e . varablancana are transferred to omiostola .
systematics and faunistics of neotropical grapholitini , 5 : phloerampha , goditha and ranapoaca ( lepid . . .
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on the dna barcode , the 680 bp piece of the mitochondrial gene coi . although our results obviously will reflect a subjective assessment of characters and relationships , they will represent hypotheses against which future molecular and morphological work can be tested . please consider joining us in cluj and sharing your expertise on your favorite taxon . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
byun . if you have questions , please contact me or b . - k . byun ( [ email protected ] ) . thanks for your contributions  keep them coming . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
are bolded ( e . g . , page 55 , 56 , 59 ) , but in the remainder they are not . there are scattered trivial errors in punctuation and grammar , but these are few and do not detract from the overall presentation . also , i prefer a measurement of & quot ; forewing length & quot ; to the & quot ; wing span & quot ; used by razowski . but these are all trivial criticisms . tortricidae of the palaearctic region is an exceedingly ambitious project that no one but razowski would even consider . however , given his productivity over the past few decades , there is little doubt the project will reach fruition . volume one is a fine piece of scholarly work by the master on this taxon . for those interested in leaf - rollers , this first volume is a must - have . it represents the beginning of the & quot ; collection & quot ; and will make a fine companion to the tortricidae of europe .
literature cited brown , j . w . 2005 . world catalogue of insects . volume 5 . tortricidae ( lepidoptera ) . apollo books . 741 pp . razowski , j . 2001 . die tortriciden ( lepidoptera , tortricidae ) mitteleuropas . bestimmung verbreitung - flugstandort lebensweise der raupen . frantisek slamka , bratislava , 319 pp . razowski , j . 2002 . tortricidae of europe . part i . tortricinae and chlidanotinae . frantisek slamka , bratislava , 247 pp . razowski , j . 2003 . tortricidae of europe . volume 2 . olethreutinae . frantisek slamka , bratislava , 304 pp . razowski , j . & amp ; v . o . becker . 2007a . systematic and faunistic data on neotropical cochylini ( lepidoptera : tortricidae ) , with description of new species . part 2 . acta zoologica cracoviensia 50b ( 2 ) : 91 - 128 . razowski j . & amp ; v . o . becker . 2007b . sys - tematic and faunistic data on neotropical cochylini , with description of new species . part 3 ( lepidoptera : tortricidae ) . shilap revista de lepidoptero - logia 35 : 67 - 86 . razowski , j . & amp ; j . w . brown . 2004 . new species and new combinations in neotropical euliini ( lepidoptera : tortricidae ) . shilap revista de lepidopterologia 32 ( 128 ) : 321 - 337 . razowski , j . & amp ; j . brown . 2005 . review of oregocerata razowski ( lepidoptera : tortricidae : euliini ) , with descriptions of four new species . proceedings of the entomological society of washington 107 : 903 - 913 .
razowski j . & amp ; j . wojtusiak . 2004a . a few characters of the adult compound eye and its peripheral area in some tortricidae ( insecta : lepidoptera ) . genus 15 ( 2 ) : 267 - 274 . razowski j . & amp ; j . wojtusiak . 2004b . some data on sensilla and sculpture of antenna in adult tortricidae ( insecta : lepidoptera ) . genus 15 ( 2 ) : 257 - 266 . razowski j . & amp ; j . wojtusiak . 2006a . tortricidae from venezuela ( lepidoptera : tortricidae ) . shilap revista de lepidopterologia 34 : 35 - 79 . razowski , j . & amp ; j . wojtusiak . 2006b . tortricidae ( lepidoptera ) from the valley of rio gualaceo , east cordillera in ecuador , with descriptions of new taxa . acta zoologica cracoviensia 49 ( b ) : 17 - 53 .
gan , don wright , and loran gibson are to be congratulated on this major contribution to tortricology , which will prove invaluable to professionals and amateurs alike .
literature cited bradley , j . d . , w . g . tremewan & amp ; a . smith . 1979 . british tortricoid moths . tortricidae : olethreutinae . the ray society , london . 336 pp . heinrich , c . 1923 . revision of the north american moths of the subfamily eucosminae of the family olethreutidae . united states national museum bulletin 123 : 1 - 298 . heinrich , c . 1926 . revision of the north american moths of the subfamilies laspeyresiinae and olethreutinae . united states national museum bulletin 132 : 1 - 216 . miller , w . e . 1987 . guide to the olethreutine moths of midland north america ( tortricidae ) . usda , forest service , agricultural handbook 660 . 104 pp . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
below is a list of the new species and new genera proposed in 2007 , followed by a list of new synonyms and new combinations , followed by the literature that supports the proposed additions and changes . aethes pinara razowski and becker , 2007 ( aethes ) , shilap revta . lepid . 35 : 76 . tl : cuba ( pinar rio , sierra rosario ) . holotype ( ) : vbc . amorbia cacao phillips and powell , 2007 ( amorbia ) , zootaxa 1670 : 30 . tl : costa rica ( gunacaste , estación cacao ) . holotype ( ) : inbio . catarina phillips and powell , 2007 ( amorbia ) , zootaxa 1670 : 16 . tl : brazil ( santa catarina , new bremen ) . holotype ( ) : usnm . chiapas phillips and powell , 2007 ( amorbia ) , zootaxa 1670 : 25 . tl : mexico ( chiapas , san cristobal de las casas ) . holotype ( ) : vbc . cocori phillips and powell , 2007 ( amorbia ) , zootaxa 1670 : 34 . tl : costa rica ( puntarenas , area de conservación osa , golfito , parque nacional corcovado , esaction sirena ) . holotype ( ) : inbio . cordobana phillips and powell , 2007 ( amorbia ) , zootaxa 1670 : 42 . tl : mexico ( veracruz , banderilla ) . holotype ( ) : eme . curitiba phillips and powell , 2007 ( amorbia ) , zootaxa 1670 : 12 . tl : brazil ( paraná , cuiritba ) . holotype ( ) : vbc . dominicana phillips and powell , 2007 ( amorbia ) , zootaxa 1670 : 14 . tl : dominica ,
dr . v . i . kuznetzov , the premier tortricid worker in the former soviet union for nearly five decades , died on 22 august 2008 . he was a prominent figure in our tortricid community , and served as a curator at the zoological institute , russian academy of sciences , st . petersburg for many years . dr . kuznetzov is probably best known for his contributions ( with co - author a . a . stekolnikov ) to the phylogeny of tortricidae based primarily on musculature of the male genitalia . these groundbreaking works had impact at the global level . dr . kuznetzov was the author ( or coauthor ) of about 30 genera and 290 species of tortricidae , but he also described hundreds of species in other families . he will be missed by his colleaugues worldwide .
west indies ( clarke hall ) . holotype ( ) : usnm . knudsoni phillips and powell , 2007 ( amorbia ) , zootaxa 1670 : 28 . tl : usa ( texas , brewster co . , big bend national park , green gulch ) . holotype ( ) : usnm . monteverde phillips and powell , 2007 ( amorbia ) , zootaxa 1670 : 45 . tl : costa rica ( puntarenas , monteverde ) . holotype ( ) : eme . potosiana phillips and powell , 2007 ( amorbia ) , zootaxa 1670 : 26 . tl : mexico ( nuevo leon , cerro potosí ) . holotype ( ) : vbc . rhombobasis phillips and powell , 2007 ( amorbia ) , zootaxa 1670 : 43 . tl : costa rica ( guanacaste , area de conservación arenal , pilon , bijagua - upala , río celeste ) . holotype ( ) : inbio . santamaria phillips and powell , 2007 ( amorbia ) , zootaxa 1670 : 24 . tl : guatemala ( quetzaltenango , volcan santa maria ) . holotype ( ) : usnm . stenovalvae phillips and powell , 2007 ( amorbia ) , zootaxa 1670 : 13 . tl : mexico ( oaxaca , paradero de mi ka , yolox ) . holotype ( ) : eme . anacrucis napoensis razowski & amp ; pelz , 2007 ( anacrucis ) , nachr . entomol . ver . apollo 28 : 30 . tl : ecuador ( napo , 10 km sse cosanga ) . holotype ( ) : smfl . argepinotia argepinotia razowski & amp ; pelz , 2007 , polskie pismo entomologiczne 76 : 15 . type species : argepinotia villosa razowski & amp ; pelz , 2007 . [ olethreutinae : eucosmini ] 7
villosa razowski & amp ; pelz , 2007 ( argepinotia ) , polskie pismo entomologiczne 76 : 16 . tl : argentina ( tucumán , san javier ) . holotype ( ) : smfm . auratonota angustovalva razowski & amp ; pelz , 2007 ( auratonota ) , entomologische zeitschrift 117 : 52 . tl : ecuador ( zamora - chinchipe , 22 km e loja , p . n . podocarpus , san francisco ranger station ) . holotype ( ) : smfm . argentana razowski & amp ; pelz , 2007 ( auratonota ) , entomologische zeitschrift 117 : 52 . tl : ecuador ( loja , 10 km se loja , p . n . podocarpus , cajanuma ranger station ) . holotype ( ) : smfm . auriferana razowski & amp ; pelz , 2007 ( auratonota ) , entomologische zeitschrift 117 : 55 . tl : ecuador ( tungurahua , 17 km e baños , rio verde ) . holotype ( ) : smfm . bacata razowski & amp ; pelz , 2007 ( auratonota ) , entomologische zeitschrift 117 : 54 . tl : ecuador ( napo , 15 km se cosanga , cocodrilo ) . holotype ( ) : smfm . brachuncus razowski & amp ; pelz , 2007 ( auratonota ) , entomologische zeitschrift 117 : 56 . tl : ecuador ( loja , 10 km se loja , p . n . podocarpus , cajanuma ranger station ) . holotype ( ) : smfm . caeruleata razowski & amp ; pelz , 2007 ( auratonota ) , entomologische zeitschrift 117 : 58 . tl : ecuador ( napo , 15 km se cosanga , cocodrilo ) . holotype ( ) : smfm . caliginosa razowski & amp ; pelz , 2007 ( auratonota ) , entomologische zeitschrift 117 : 58 . tl : ecuador ( morona - santiago , macas , proaño & gt ; alshi , 5 mi s alshi ) . holotype ( ) : smfm .
caeruleata razowski & amp ; pelz , 2007 ( auratonota ) , entomologische zeitschrift 117 : 58 . tl : ecuador ( napo , 15 km se cosanga , cocodrilo ) . holotype ( ) : smfm . croceana razowski & amp ; pelz , 2007 ( auratonota ) , entomologische zeitschrift 117 : 58 . tl : ecuador ( napo , 10 km se cosanga ) . holotype ( ) : smfm . pichincha razowski & amp ; pelz , 2007 ( auratonota ) , entomologische zeitschrift 117 : 58 . tl : ecuador ( pichincha , 7 km nw mindo , sachatamia ) . holotype ( ) : smfm . rutra razowski & amp ; pelz , 2007 ( auratonota ) , entomologische zeitschrift 117 : 57 . tl : ecuador ( morona - santiago , macas , proaño & gt ; inapula , crea - domono ) . holotype ( ) : smfm . siskae razowski & amp ; pelz , 2007 ( auratonota ) , entomologische zeitschrift 117 : 55 . tl : ecuador ( napo , 12 km sse cosanga ) . holotype ( ) : smfm . yukipana razowski & amp ; pelz , 2007 ( auratonota ) , entomologische zeitschrift 117 : 56 . tl : ecuador ( morona - santiago , macas , san vicente , rio yukipa ) . holotype ( ) : smfm . bidorpitia ferruginata razowski & amp ; pelz , 2007 ( bidorpitia ) , shilap revista lepidopterologia 35 : 39 . tl : ecuador ( pastaza , 11 km n puyo , la florida ) . holotype ( ) : smfm . caraccochylis caraccochylis razowski and becker , 2007 , acta zool . cracoviensia 50b : 112 . type species : caraccochylis framea razowski & amp ; becker , 2007 . [ tortricinae : cochylini ] 8
framea razowski and becker , 2007 ( caraccochylis ) , acta zool . cracoviensia 50b : 112 . tl : brazil ( minas gerais , caraca ) . holotype ( ) : vbc . choristoneura irina syachina & amp ; budashkin , 2007 ( choristoneura ) , in dubatolov , syachina & amp ; budashkin , animal world of far east ( blagoveshchensk ) 6 : 71 . tl : russia ( khabarovskii krai , great khekhtsyr nature reserve , bychikha ) . holotype ( ) : siberian museum of the institute of animal systematics and ecology , ras , novosibirsk , russia . clarkeulia medanosa razowski & amp ; pelz , 2007 ( clarkeulia ) , polskie pismo entomologiczne 76 : 12 . tl : argentina ( salta los medanos , 5 km e cafayate ) . holotype ( ) : smfm . cochylis serrana razowski and becker , 2007 ( cochylis ) , acta zool . cracoviensa 50b : 113 . tl : brazil ( minas gerais , serra do cipó ) . holotype ( ) : vbc . sierramaestrae razowski and becker , 2007 ( cochylis ) , shilap revista lepidopterologia 35 : 76 . tl : cuba ( santiago , sierra maestra p . cuba ) . holotype ( ) : vbc . cuproxena aequitana razowski & amp ; pelz , 2007 ( cuproxena ) , shilap revista lepidopterologia 35 : 38 . tl : ecuador ( napo , 10 km sse cosanga ) . holotype ( ) : smfm . amplana razowski & amp ; pelz , 2007 ( cuproxena ) , shilap revista lepidopterologia 35 : 36 . tl : ecuador ( napo , 15 km se cosanga , cocodrilo ) . holotype ( ) : smfm .
auriculana razowski & amp ; pelz , 2007 ( cuproxena ) , shilap revista lepidopterologia 35 : 37 . tl : ecuador ( napo , 15 km se cosanga , cocodrilo ) . holotype ( ) : smfm . nudana razowski & amp ; pelz , 2007 ( cuproxena ) , shilap revista lepidopterologia 35 : 37 . tl : ecuador ( napo , 15 km se cosanga , cocodrilo ) . holotype ( ) : smfm . paramplana razowski & amp ; pelz , 2007 ( cuproxena ) , shilap revista lepidopterologia 35 : 39 . tl : ecuador ( moronasantiago , macas , proaño & gt ; alshi , 5 km s alshi ) . holotype ( ) : smfm . deltophania indanzae razowski & amp ; becker , 2007 ( deltophania ) , acta zool . cracoviensia 50b ( 2 ) : 111 . tl : ecuador ( morona , indanza ) . holotype ( ) : vbc . diablo diablo razowski & amp ; pelz , 2007 , entomol . zeit . 117 : 129 . type species : diablo diantoniorum razowski & amp ; pelz , 2007 . [ chlidanotinae : chlidanotini ] diantoniorum razowski & amp ; pelz , 2007 ( diablo ) , entomol . zeit . 117 : 129 . tl : ecuador ( tungurahua , 17 km e baños , rio verde ) . holotype ( ) : smfm . dichrorampha odorata brown & amp ; zachariades , 2007 ( dichrorampha ) , proceedings of the entomological society of washington 109 : 939 . tl : jamaica ( jackson town ) . holotype ( ) : institute of jamaica , kingston .
lyonsae razowski & amp ; pelz , 2007 ( dimorphopalpa ) , polskie pismo entomologiczne 76 : 332 . tl : ecuador ( pichincha , 2 . 5 km se santa rosa , reserva las gralarias ) . holotype ( ) : smfm . rutruncus razowski & amp ; pelz , 2007 ( dimorphopalpa ) , polskie pismo entomologiczne 76 : 332 . tl : ecuador ( napo , 12 km sse cosanga ) . holotype ( ) : smfm . epinotia javierana razowski & amp ; pelz , 2007 ( epinotia ) , polskie pismo entomologiczne 76 : 14 . tl : argentina ( tucumán , san javier ) . holotype ( ) : smfm . eucosma curlewensis wright , 2007 ( eucosma ) , journal of the lepidopterists ' society 61 : 47 . tl : usa ( idaho , oneida co . , curlew national grassland , 4 mi ene of holbrook ) . holotype ( ) : usnm . eugnosta cipoana razowski & amp ; becker , 2007 ( eugnosta ) , acta zool . cracoviensia 50b ( 2 ) : 108 . tl : brazil ( minas gerais , serra do cipo ) . holotype ( ) : vbc . ensinoana razowski & amp ; becker , 2007 ( eugnosta ) , acta zool . cracoviensia 50b ( 2 ) : 107 . tl : mexico ( tamaulipas , el ensino ) . holotype ( ) : vbc . fernandoana razowski & amp ; becker , 2007 ( eugnosta ) , acta zool . cracoviensia 50b ( 2 ) : 109 . tl : mexico ( tamaulipas , san fernando ) . holotype ( ) : vbc .
fradulenta razowski and becker , 2007 ( eugnosta ) , shilap revista lepidopterologia 35 : 74 . tl : british west indies . holotype ( ) : amnh . jequiena razowski & amp ; becker , 2007 ( eugnosta ) , acta zool . cracoviensia 50b ( 2 ) : 108 . tl : brazil ( bahia , jequie ) . holotype ( ) : vbc . telemacana razowski & amp ; becker , 2007 ( eugnosta ) , acta zool . cracoviensia 50b ( 2 ) : 110 . tl : brazil ( paraná , telemaco borba ) . holotype ( ) : vbc . heleanna tokyoensis nasu & amp ; byun , 2007 ( heleanna ) , trans . lepid . soc . japan 58 : 384 . tl : japan ( ryukyu , okinawaima island , kunigamison , yona ) . holotype ( ) : uop . turpinivora nasu & amp ; byun , 2007 ( heleanna ) , trans . lepid . soc . japan 58 : 380 . tl : japan ( honshu , tokyo , garden of the imperial palace ) . holotype ( ) : national science museum , tokyo , japan . henricus bibelonus razowski & amp ; becker , 2007 ( henricus ) , acta zool . cracoviensia 50b : 92 . tl : ecuador ( carchi , maldonado ) . holotype ( ) : vbc . bleptus razowski & amp ; becker , 2007 ( henricus ) , acta zool . cracoviensia 50b : 94 . tl : ecuador ( carchi , maldonado ) . holotype ( ) : vbc . cuspis razowski & amp ; becker , 2007 ( henricus ) , acta zool . cracoviensia 50b : 93 . tl : ecuador ( carchi , maldonado ) . holotype ( ) : vbc . perissus razowski & amp ; becker , 2007 ( henricus ) , acta zool . cracoviensia 50b :
94 . tl : ecuador ( carchi , maldonado ) . holotype ( ) : vbc . platanillanus razowski & amp ; becker , 2007 ( henricus ) , acta zool . cracoviensia 50b : 93 . tl : mexico ( san luis potosí , el platanillo ) . holotype ( ) : vbc . histura brunneotypa razowski & amp ; pelz , 2007 ( histura ) , polskie pismo entomol . 76 : 13 . tl : argentina ( tucuman , san javier ) . holotype ( ) : smfm . holoptygma sarahpelzae razowski & amp ; pelz , 2007 ( holoptygma ) , nachr . entomol . ver . apollo 28 : 32 . tl : ecuador ( pichincha , 7 km nw mindo , sachatamia ) . holotype ( ) : smfl . hynhamia conceptionana razowski & amp ; pelz , 2007 ( hynhamia ) , polskie pismo entomol . 76 : 26 . tl : ecuador ( tungurahua , ambato , la concepcion ) . holotype ( ) : smfm . decora razowski & amp ; pelz , 2007 ( hynhamia ) , polskie pismo entomol . 76 : 26 . tl : ecuador ( pichincha , 7 km nw mindo , sachatamia ) . holotype ( ) : smfm . lasgralariae razowski & amp ; pelz , 2007 ( hynhamia ) , polskie pismo entomol . 76 : 24 . tl : ecuador ( pichincha , 2 . 5 km se santa rosa ) . holotype ( ) : smfm . micruncus razowski & amp ; pelz , 2007 ( hynhamia ) , polskie pismo entomol . 76 : 28 . tl : ecuador ( napo , 15 km se cosanga , cocodrilo ) . holotype ( ) : smfm . nogropunctana razowski & amp ; pelz , 2007 ( hynhamia ) , polskie pismo entomol . 76 : 27 . tl : ecuador ( loja , 10 km se loja , parque 10
nacional podocarpus , cajanuma ranger station ) . holotype ( ) : smfm . obscurana razowski & amp ; pelz , 2007 ( hynhamia ) , polskie pismo entomol . 76 : 25 . tl : ecuador ( loja , 10 km se loja , parque nacional podocarpus , cajanuma ranger station ) . holotype ( ) : smfm . lambertiodes multipunctata wang & amp ; li , 2007 ( lambertiodes ) , entomological news 118 : 398 . tl : china ( mêdog county , tibet ) . holotype ( ) : nankai university , tianjin , china ( nkum ) . lasiothyris exocha razowski and becker , 2007 ( lasiothyris ) , acta zool . cracoviensia 50b : 100 . tl : ecuador ( carchi , maldonado ) . holotype ( ) : vbc . guanana razowski and becker , 2007 ( lasiothyris ) , shilap revista lepidopterologia 35 : 72 . tl : british virgin islands ( guana island ) . holotype ( ) : vbc . puertoricana razowski and becker , 2007 ( lasiothyris ) , shilap revista lepidopterologia 35 : 73 . tl : puerto rico ( maricao ) . holotype ( ) : vbc . subsorbia razowski and becker , 2007 ( lasiothyris ) , shilap revista lepidopterologia 35 : 72 . tl : cuba ( holguin , mayari ) . holotype ( ) : vbc . lorita insulicola razowski and becker , 2007 ( lorita ) , shilap revista lepidopterologia 35 : 75 . tl : british virgin islands ( guana island ) . holotype ( ) : vbc .
lusterala brown & amp ; nishida , 2007 , proceedings of the entomological society of washington 109 : 266 . type species : luterala phaseolana brown & amp ; nishida , 2007 . [ olethreutinae : grapholitini ] phaseolana brown & amp ; nishida , 2007 ( lusterala ) , proceedings of the entomological society of washington 109 : 270 . tl : costa rica ( san josé , aserri centro ) . holotype ( ) : usnm . macasinia vilhena razowski and becker , 2007 ( macasinia ) , acta zool . cracoviensia 50b : 101 . tl : brazil ( rondônia , vilhena ) . holotype ( ) : vbc . macrochlidia azuayana razowski & amp ; pelz , 2007 ( macrochlidia ) , entomol . zeit . 117 : 129 . tl : ecuador ( azuay , p . n . cajas , laguna llaviuco ) . holotype ( ) : smfm . leucoatra razowski & amp ; pelz , 2007 ( macrochlidia ) , entomol . zeit . 117 : 129 . tl : ecuador ( zamora - chinchipe , 22 km e loja , p . n . podocarpus , san francisco ranger station ) . holotype ( ) : smfm . maricaona maricaona razowski and becker , 2007 , shilap revista lepidopterologia 35 : 68 . type species : maricaona maricaonana razowski and becker , 2007 . [ tortricinae : cochylini ] maricaonana razowski and becker , 2007 ( maricaona ) , shilap revista lepidopterologia 35 : 69 . tl : puerto rico ( maricao ) . holotype ( ) : vbc . 11
miscellaneous papers 105 : 3 . [ replacement name for bradleyella zimmermann 1978 ] orthocomotis albobasalis razowski , pelz & amp ; wojtusiak , 2007 ( orthocomotis ) , acta zoologica cracoviensia 50b : 6 . tl : ecuador ( loja , 10 km se loja , p . n . podocarpus , cajanuma ranger station ) . holotype ( ) : smfl . alishiana razowski , pelz & amp ; wojtusiak , 2007 ( orthocomotis ) , acta zoologica cracoviensia 50b : 13 . tl : ecuador ( morona - santiago , macas , proano alshi , 5 km s alshi ) . holotype ( ) : smfl . andina razowski , pelz & amp ; wojtusiak , 2007 ( orthocomotis ) , acta zoologica cracoviensia 50b : 5 . tl : ecuador ( napo , 12 km sse cosanga ) . holotype ( ) : smfl . carolina razowski , pelz & amp ; wojtusiak , 2007 ( orthocomotis ) , acta zoologica cracoviensia 50b : 7 . tl : ecuador ( carchi , reserva forestal golondrinas , west cordillera ) . holotype ( ) : smfl . consangana razowski , pelz & amp ; wojtusiak , 2007 ( orthocomotis ) , acta zoologica cracoviensia 50b : 11 . tl : ecuador ( napo , 15 km se cosanga , cocodrilo ) . holotype ( ) : smfl . ferruginea razowski , pelz & amp ; wojtusiak , 2007 ( orthocomotis ) , acta zoologica cracoviensia 50b : 7 . tl : ecuador ( napo , 15 km se cosanga , cocodrilo ) . holotype ( ) : smfl . gielisi razowski , pelz & amp ; wojtusiak , 2007 ( orthocomotis ) , acta zoologica cracoviensia 50b : 9 . tl : ecuador ( napo , 12 km sse cosanga ) . holotype ( ) : smfl . golindrina razowski , pelz & amp ; wojtusiak , 2007 ( orthocomotis ) , acta zoologica cracoviensia 50b : 5 . tl : ecuador ( carchi , reserva forestal 12
secunda razowski & amp ; becker , 2007 ( marylinka ) , acta zool . cracoviensia 50b : 96 . tl : brazil ( santa catarina , sao joaquim ) . holotype ( ) : vbc . matsumuraeses medogensis lv & amp ; li , 2007 ( matsumuraeses ) , zootaxa 1606 : 66 . tl : china ( mêdog county , xizang [ tibet ] autonomous region ) . holotype ( ) : nankai university , tianjin , china ( nkum ) . monortha bellavistana razowski & amp ; pelz , 2007 ( monortha ) , entomol . zeit . 117 : 130 . tl : ecuador ( pichincha , 7 km sw tandayapa , bellavista research station ) . holotype ( ) : smfm . jurumbaino razowski & amp ; pelz , 2007 ( monortha ) , entomol . zeit . 117 : 130 . tl : ecuador ( morona - santiago , macas , gral . proaño , rio jurumbaino ) . holotype ( ) : smfm . povedai razowski & amp ; pelz , 2007 ( monortha ) , entomol . zeit . 117 : 131 . tl : ecuador ( tungurahua , 17 km e baños , río verde ) . holotype ( ) : smfm . neoanathamna robusticerivcis zhang & amp ; li , 2007 ( neoanathamna ) , oriental insects 41 : 296 . tl : china ( shaanxi province , ankang county , mt . hualong ) . holotype ( ) : nankai university , tianjin , china ( nkum ) . nuritamburia nuritamburia koçak & amp ; kemal , 2007 , centre for entomological studies
golondrinas , west cordillera ) . holotype ( ) : smfl . lactistrigata razowski & amp ; wojtusiak , 2007 ( orthocomotis ) , acta zoologica cracoviensia 50b : 4 . tl : ecuador ( carchi , reserva forestal golondrinas , west cordillera ) . holotype ( ) : smfl . mediana razowski , pelz & amp ; wojtusiak , 2007 ( orthocomotis ) , acta zoologica cracoviensia 50b : 11 . tl : ecuador ( tungurahua , 20 km e baños , san francisco ) . holotype ( ) : smfl . pactoana razowski , pelz & amp ; wojtusiak , 2007 ( orthocomotis ) , acta zoologica cracoviensia 50b : 10 . tl : ecuador ( pichincha , pacto , rio mashpi ) . holotype ( ) : smfl . parexpansa razowski & amp ; wojtusiak , 2007 ( orthocomotis ) , acta zoologica cracoviensia 50b : 4 . tl : ecuador ( carchi , reserva forestal golondrinas , west cordillera ) . holotype ( ) : smfl . puyoana razowski , pelz & amp ; wojtusiak , 2007 ( orthocomotis ) , acta zoologica cracoviensia 50b : 8 . tl : ecuador ( pastaza , 10 km n puyo ) . holotype ( ) : smfl . sachatamiae razowski , pelz & amp ; wojtusiak , 2007 ( orthocomotis ) , acta zoologica cracov - iensia 50b : 3 . tl : ecuador ( pichincha , 7 km nw mindo , sachatamia ) . holotype ( ) : smfl . shuara razowski , pelz & amp ; wojtusiak , 2007 ( orthocomotis ) , acta zoologica cracoviensia 50b : 5 . tl : ecuador ( maronasantiago , macas , proano & gt ; inapula ) . holotype ( ) : smfl . sucumbiana razowski , pelz & amp ; wojtusiak , 2007 ( orthocomotis ) , acta zoologica cracoviensia 50b : 12 . tl : ecuador
( sucumbios , rio chigual , la bonita ) . holotype ( ) : smfl . yanayacu razowski , pelz & amp ; wojtusiak , 2007 ( orthocomotis ) , acta zoologica cracoviensia 50b : 5 . tl : ecuador ( napo , cosanga , reserva yanayacu ) . holotype ( ) : smfl . volochilesia razowski , pelz & amp ; wojtusiak , 2007 ( orthocomotis ) , acta zoologica cracoviensia 50b : 5 . tl : ecuador ( carchi , volcan chiles massive , reserva forestal golondrinas ) . holotype ( ) : smfl . paranthozela paranthozela razowski & amp ; wojtusiak , 2007 , polskie pismo entomol . 76 : 168 . type species : paranthozela calamsitrana razowski & amp ; wojtusiak , 2007 . calamistrana razowski & amp ; wojtusiak , 2007 ( paranthozela ) , polskie pismo entomologiczne 76 : 172 . tl : ecuador ( pichincha , pacto , rio mashpi ) . holotype ( ) : mzuj . lobulina razowski & amp ; wojtusiak , 2007 ( paranthozela ) , polskie pismo entomologiczne 76 : 173 . tl : ecuador ( copaxi , via la maná , pilaló ) . holotype ( ) : mzuj . polyasterina razowski & amp ; wojtusiak , 2007 ( paranthozela ) , polskie pismo entomologiczne 76 : 171 . tl : ecuador ( pichincha , pacto , rio mashpi ) . holotype ( ) : mzuj . spiloma razowski & amp ; wojtusiak , 2007 ( paranthozela ) , polskie pismo entomologiczne 76 : 1709 . tl : ecuador ( sucumbios , rio chingual , la bonita ) . holotype ( ) : mzuj . stilbia razowski & amp ; wojtusiak , 2007 ( paranthozela ) , polskie pismo entomologiczne 76 : 170 . tl : ecuador ( carchi , res . forest . golondinas , west cordillera ) . holotype ( ) : mzuj . 13
zopheria razowski & amp ; wojtusiak , 2007 ( paranthozela ) , polskie pismo entomologiczne 76 : 169 . tl : ecuador ( cotopaxi , via maná , pilaló ) . holotype ( ) : mzuj . parirazona bomana razowski & amp ; becker , 2007 ( parirazona ) , acta zool . cracoviensia 50b : 95 . tl : brazil ( santa catarina , bom jardin de serra ) . holotype ( ) : vbc . caracae razowski & amp ; becker , 2007 ( parirazona ) , acta zool . cracoviensia 50b : 95 . tl : brazil ( minas gerais , caraca ) . holotype ( ) : vbc . pelochrista gelattana wright , 2007 ( pelochrista ) , journal of the lepidopterists ' society 61 : 121 . tl : usa ( wyoming , albany co . , w side of gelatt lake ) . holotype ( ) : usnm . milleri wright , 2007 ( pelochrista ) , journal of the lepidopterists ' society 61 : 84 . tl : usa ( ohio , adams co . , 1 mi se of lynx ) . holotype ( ) : usnm . phaniola caboana razowski & amp ; becker , 2007 ( phaniola ) , acta zool . cracoviensia 50b : 111 . tl : brazil ( rio de janiero , arraial do cabo ) . holotype ( ) : vbc . phalonidia cerina razowski & amp ; becker , 2007 ( phalonidia ) , acta zool . cracoviensia 50b : 99 . tl : brazil ( espiritu santo , linhares ) . holotype ( ) : vbc . fariasana razowski & amp ; becker , 2007 ( phalonidia ) , acta zool . cracoviensia 50b : 97 . tl : mexico ( tamaulipas , gomez farias ) . holotype ( ) : vbc .
linharesa razowski & amp ; becker , 2007 ( phalonidia ) , acta zool . cracoviensia 50b : 96 . tl : brazil ( espiritu santo , linhares ) . holotype ( ) : vbc . mayarina razowski and becker , 2007 ( phalonidia ) , shilap revsita lepidopterologia 35 : 69 . tl : cuba ( holguin , mayari ) . holotype ( ) : vbc . monocera razowski & amp ; becker , 2007 ( phalonidia ) , acta zool . cracoviensia 50b : 98 . tl : brazil ( santa catarina , sao joaquim ) . holotype ( ) : vbc . planaltinella chapadana razowski and becker , 2007 ( planaltinella ) , acta zool . cracoviensia 50b : 105 . tl : brazil ( minas gerais , diamantina estr . guinda  s . joao chapada ) . holotype ( ) : vbc . psephena razowski and becker , 2007 ( planaltinella ) , acta zool . cracoviensia 50b : 106 . tl : brazil ( minas gerais , serra do cipo ) . holotype ( ) : vbc . platphalonidia holgina razowski and becker , 2007 ( platphalonidia ) , shilap revista lepidopterologia 35 : 72 . tl : cuba ( holguin mayari ) . holotype ( ) : vbc . remissa razowski and becker , 2007 ( platphalonidia ) , shilap revista lepidopterologia 35 : 72 . tl : cuba ( holguin mayari ) . holotype ( ) : vbc . ptyongnathosia pectinata razowski & amp ; pelz , 2007 ( ptyongnathosia ) , shilap revista lepidopterologia 35 : 35 . tl : ecuador ( napo , 10 km sse cosanga ) . holotype ( ) : smfm . 14
rosariana razowski and becker , 2007 ( saphenista ) , shilap revista lepidopterologia 35 : 70 . tl : cuba ( pinar rio , sierra rosario ) . holotype ( ) : vbc . scalena razowski and becker , 2007 ( saphenista ) , acta zool . cracoviensia 50b : 103 . tl : ecuador ( carchi , maldonado ) . holotype ( ) : vbc . simillima razowski and becker , 2007 ( saphenista ) , shilap revista lepidopterologia 35 : 71 . tl : cuba ( santiago , sierra maestra p . cuba ) . holotype ( ) : vbc . solisae razowski and becker , 2007 ( saphenista ) , acta zool . cracoviensia 50b : 104 . tl : mexico ( tamaulipas , gomez farias ) . holotype ( ) : vbc . turguinoa razowski and becker , 2007 ( saphenista ) , shilap revista lepidopterologia 35 : 69 . tl : cuba ( santiago , turguino ) . holotype ( ) : vbc . sillybiphora pauliprotuberans zhang & amp ; wang , 2007 ( sillybiphora ) , acta zootaxonomica sinica 32 : 561 . tl : china ( yunnan province , lijiang ) . holotype ( ) : nankai university , tianjin , china ( nkum ) . sisurcana alticolana razowski & amp ; pelz , 2007 ( sisurcana ) , nachr . entomol . ver . apollo 28 : 21 . tl : ecuador ( azuay , 22 km s gualaceo ) . holotype ( ) : smfl . analogana razowski & amp ; pelz , 2007 ( sisurcana ) , nachr . entomol . ver . apollo 28 : 26 . tl : ecuador ( pichincha , 7 km nw mindo , schatamia ) . holotype ( ) : smfl .
antisanae razowski & amp ; pelz , 2007 ( sisurcana ) , nachr . entomol . ver . apollo 28 : 24 . tl : ecuador ( napo , 5 km w papallacta ) . holotype ( ) : smfl . bifurcana razowski & amp ; pelz , 2007 ( sisurcana ) , nachr . entomol . ver . apollo 28 : 24 . tl : ecuador ( napo , 10 km sse cosanga ) . holotype ( ) : smfl . cirrhochlaena razowski & amp ; pelz , 2007 ( sisurcana ) , nachr . entomol . ver . apollo 28 : 29 . tl : ecuador ( napo , 15 km se cosanga , cocodrilo ) . holotype ( ) : smfl . fasciana razowski & amp ; pelz , 2007 ( sisurcana ) , nachr . entomol . ver . apollo 28 : 28 . tl : ecuador ( napo , 15 km se cosanga , cocodrilo ) . holotype ( ) : smfl . fasciana razowski & amp ; pelz , 2007 ( sisurcana ) , nachr . entomol . ver . apollo 28 : 28 . tl : ecuador ( napo , 15 km se cosanga , cocodrilo ) . holotype ( ) : smfl . firmuncus razowski & amp ; pelz , 2007 ( sisurcana ) , nachr . entomol . ver . apollo 28 : 29 . tl : ecuador ( napo , 10 km sse cosanga ) . holotype ( ) : smfl . papallactana razowski & amp ; pelz , 2007 ( sisurcana ) , nachr . entomol . ver . apollo 28 : 21 . tl : ecuador ( napo , 5 km w papallacta , laguna papallacta ) . holotype ( ) : smfl . spinana razowski & amp ; pelz , 2007 ( sisurcana ) , nachr . entomol . ver . apollo 28 : 30 . tl : ecuador ( napo , 15 km se cosanga , cocodrilo ) . holotype ( ) : smfl . triangulifera razowski & amp ; pelz , 2007 ( sisurcana ) , nachr . entomol . ver . apollo 28 : 24 . tl : ecuador ( napo , 12 km sse cosanga ) . holotype ( ) : smfl .
virginanus razowski and becker , 2007 ( spinipogon ) , shilap revista lepidopterologia 35 : 72 . tl : british virgin islands ( guana island ) . holotype ( ) : vbc . statherotmantis expansa li & amp ; yu , 2007 ( statherotmantis ) , proceedigns of the entomological society of washington 109 : 36 . tl : china ( baoxing county , sichuan province ) . holotype ( ) : nankai university , tianjin , china ( nkum ) . maoerica li & amp ; yu , 2007 ( statherotmantis ) , proceedigns of the entomological society of washington 109 : 40 . tl : china ( mt . mao ' er , guangxi province ) . holotype ( ) : nankai university , tianjin , china ( nkum ) . spinulifera li & amp ; yu , 2007 ( statherotmantis ) , proceedigns of the entomological society of washington 109 : 41 . tl : china ( mt . fanjing , guizhou province ) . holotype ( ) : nankai university , tianjin , china ( nkum ) . triangularis li & amp ; yu , 2007 ( statherotmantis ) , proceedigns of the entomological society of washington 109 : 40 . tl : china ( mt . mao ' er , guangxi province ) . holotype ( ) : nankai university , tianjin , china ( nkum ) . synochoneura dentana wang & amp ; li , 2007 ( synochoneura ) , zootaxa 1547 : 53 . tl : china ( mt . fanjing , guizhou province ) . holotype ( ) : nankai university , tianjin , china ( nkum ) . toreulia acanthina razowski , pelz & amp ; wojtusiak , 2007 ( toreulia ) , genus 18 : 113 . tl : ecuador ( napo , 10 km sse cosanga ) . holotype ( ) : smfl
imminuta razowski , pelz & amp ; wojtusiak , 2007 ( toreulia ) , genus 18 : 109 . tl : ecuador ( napo , 10 km sse cosanga ) . holotype ( ) : smfl placita razowski , pelz & amp ; wojtusiak , 2007 ( toreulia ) , genus 18 : 111 . tl : ecuador ( napo , 15 km se cosanga , cocodrilo ) . holotype ( ) : smfl runtunana razowski , pelz & amp ; wojtusiak , 2007 ( toreulia ) , genus 18 : 114 . tl : ecuador ( tungurahua , banos - runtun ) . holotype ( ) : smfl ulvipinara ulvipinara razowski & amp ; pelz , 2007 , polskie pismo entomol . 76 : 33 . type species : ulvipinara pulvinaria razowski & amp ; pelz , 2007 . [ tortricinae : euliini ] pulvinaria razowski & amp ; pelz , 2007 ( ulvipinara ) , polskie pismo entomologiczne 76 : 332 . tl : ecuador ( napo , 10 km sse cosanga ) . holotype ( ) : smfm . velhoania velhoania razowski and becker , 2007 , acta zool . cracoviensia 50b : 99 . type species : velhoania paradoxa razowski and becker , 2007 . [ tortricinae : cochylini ] paradoxa razowski and becker , 2007 ( velhoania ) , acta zoologica cracoviensia 50b : 100 . tl : brazil ( mato grosso , chapada dos guimaraes ) . holotype ( ) : vbc . vulpoxena dentata razowski & amp ; pelz , 2007 ( cuproxena ) , shilap revista lepidopterologia 35 : 36 . tl : ecuador ( napo , 15 km se cosanga , cocodrilo ) . holotype ( ) : smfm .
brown , j . w . & amp ; k . nishida . 2007 . a new gallinducing tortricid ( lepidoptera : tortricidae : olethreutinae ) on lima bean ( phaseolus lunata ; fabaceae ) from costa rica . proceedings of the entomological society of washington 109 : 265 - 276 . brown , j . w . & amp ; c . zachariades . 2007 . a new species of dichrorampha ( lepidoptera : tortricidae : grapholitini ) from jamaica : a potential biocontrol agent against chromolaena odorata ( asteraceae ) . proceedings of the entomological society of washington 109 : 938 - 947 . dubatolov , v . v . , syachina , a . a . , & amp ; budashkin , y . i . 2007 . new species of leafroller of the genus choristoneura ( lepid18
tortricidae ) . shilap revista de lepidopterologia 35 : 67 - 86 . razowski , j . & amp ; kruger , m . 2007 . an illustrated catalogue of the type specimens of tortricidae in the transvaal museum , pretoria ( lepidoptera : tortricidae ) . shilap revista de lepidopterologia 35 : 103 - 179 . razowski , j . & amp ; v . pelz . 2007 . chrysoxenagroup of genera from ecuador ( lepidoptera : tortricidae : euliini ) . shilap revista lepidopterologia 35 : 33 - 46 . razowski , j . & amp ; v . pelz . 2007 . auratonota razowski , 1987 from ecuador with description of 14 new species ( lepidoptera : tortricidae ) . entomologische zeitschrift 117 ( 2 ) : 51 - 59 . razowski , j . & amp ; v . pelz . 2007 . notes and descriptions of some neotropical chlidanotini ( lepidoptera : tortricidae ) . entomologische zeitschrift 117 ( 3 ) : 127131 . razowski , j . & amp ; v . pelz 2007 . atteriini from ecuador ( lepidoptera : tortricidae ) . nachrichten des entomologischen vereins apollo 28 : 19 - 33 . razowski , j . & amp ; pelz , v . 2007 . one new genus and four new species of tortricidae ( lepidoptera ) from argentina . polskie pismo entomologiczne 76 : 11 - 19 . razowski , j . & amp ; pelz , v . 2007 . hynhamia razowski , dimorphopalpa brown , and ulvipinara gen . n . , three euliine genera from ecuador ( lepidoptera : tortricidae ) . polskie pismo entomol . 76 : 21 - 40 . razowski , j . , v . pelz , & amp ; j . wojtusiak . 2007 . re - definition of toreulia razowski & amp ; becker with description of four new species ( lepidoptera : tortricidae ) . genus 18 : 107115 . razowski , j . , v . pelz & amp ; j . wojtusiak . 2007 . orthocomotis dognin , 1905 ( lepidoptera : tortricidae ) from ecuador . acta zoologica cracoviensia 50b ( 2 ) 2007 : 1 - 25 . razowski , j . & amp ; j . wojtusiak . 2007 . paranthozela , a new enarmoniini genus from the new world , with description of six new 19
species ( lepidoptera : tortricidae ) . polskie pismo entomologiczne 76 : 167175 . wang , x . - p . & amp ; h . - h . li . 2007 . review of the genus synochoneura obraztsov , with the description of a new species from china ( lepidoptera : tortricidae ) . zootaxa 1547 : 51 - 57 . wang , x . - p . & amp ; h . h . li . 2007 . taxonomic study of the genus lambertiodes diakonoff ( lepidoptera : tortricidae ) , with description of a new species from china . entomological news 118 : 397 - 401 . wright , d . j . 2007 . notes on nearctic eucosma hübner : a new species , a resurrected species , and three new synonymies ( tortricidae ) . journal of the lepidopterists ' society 61 : 38 - 49 . wright , d . j . 2007 . a new species of pelochrista lederer from eastern north america ( tortricidae ) . journal of the lepidopterists ' society 61 : 84 - 86 . wright d . j . 2007 . taxonomy of four species of eucosmini ( tortricidae ) associated with pelochrista corosana ( walsingham ) including a new synonymy and description of a new species . journal of the lepidopterists ' society 61 : 117 - 124 . zhang , x . & amp ; h . - h . li . 2007 . a study on neoanathamna kawabe ( lepidoptera : tortricidae : olethreutinae ) from china . oriental insects 41 : 293 - 300 . zhang , x . & amp ; wang , s . - x . 2007 . a study of the genus sillybiphora kuznetsov ( lepid - optera , tortricidae , olethreutinae ) . acta zootaxonomica sinica 32 ( 3 ) : 561 - 563 . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
the goals of the torts newsletter were articulated in the first issue as & quot ; . . . fostering greater cooperation and communication among tortricid workers worldwide , providing a forum for discus -
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setoeolis inconspicua is a species of sea slug , specifically an aeolid nudibranch .

it is a marine gastropod mollusc in the family facelinidae .

it is the only species in the genus setoeolis baba & hamatani , 1965 .

setoeolis inconspicua

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echizen - coast wakasa bay , japan , 4 m , 10 july 2002 . upper : approx 17mm long . , lower : approx 12mm long . photos : jun imamoto .
from the photos on the forum this is quite variable in colour . one consistent feature appears to be the ceratal colouration with a subapical yellow band , below which is a transparent region through which the dark brown or reddish brown tip of the digestive gland duct can be seen , then below this a blue or bluish - purple band . below this band the cerata wall can be transparent , or have scattered white patches or be almost completely covered in white dusting .
references : • baba , k . ( 1938 ) opisthobranchia of kii , middle japan . journal of the department of agriculture . kyusyu imperial university , 6 ( 1 ) : 1 - 19 . • baba , k . & hamatani , i . ( 1965 ) the anatomy of sakuraeolis enosimensis ( baba , 1930 ) , n . g . ( = hervia ceylonica ( ? ) eliot , 1913 ) ( nudibranchia - eolidoidea ) . publications of the seto marine biological laboratory , 13 ( 2 ) : 103 - 113 , pls . viii - x
osezaki , izu peninsula , suruga bay , japan depth : 10m , water temperature : 19c degrees . size : about 20mm . 11 may 2002
dear jun , this animal lacks most of the opaque orange pigmentation on the body wall but otherwise would seem to be the same . it certainly shows the characteristic colour bands on the cerata . best wishes , bill rudman
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metadiaptomus is a genus of crustacean in the family diaptomidae , containing the following species : metadiaptomus aethiopicus ( daday , 1910 ) metadiaptomus alluaudi ( guerne & richard , 1890 ) metadiaptomus asiaticus ( ulyanin , 1875 ) metadiaptomus capensis ( g. o. sars , 1907 ) metadiaptomus chevreuxi ( guerne & richard , 1895 ) metadiaptomus colonialis ( douwe , 1914 ) metadiaptomus gauthieri brehm , 1949 metadiaptomus lobulifer ( rylov , 1927 ) metadiaptomus mauretanicus kiefer & roy , 1942 metadiaptomus meridianus ( douwe , 1912 ) metadiaptomus purcelli ( g. o. sars , 1907 ) metadiaptomus transvaalensis methuen , 1910 metadiaptomus vandouwei ( kiefer , 1930 )

metadiaptomus

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information on metadiaptomus capensis is being researched and written and will appear here shortly .
metadiaptomus capensis is classified as vulnerable ( vu ) on the iucn red list ( 1 ) .
worms - world register of marine species - metadiaptomus purcelli ( sars g . o . , 1907 )
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updated locality records of species of metadiaptomus and tropodiaptomus on the african continent confirm the generally disjunct distribution of these two taxa as recognised by dumont ( 1980 ) in north africa . distributional data for southern africa reveal little range overlap between these two genera . apart from two south western cape taxa , species of metadiaptomus are largely confined to upland , higher latitude , semi - arid or arid warm subtemperate regions , while species of tropodiaptomus generally occupy moist , lower - lying , lower latitude subtropical regions . separation along latitudinal and / or altitudinal axes implicates temperature as a controlling factor , while separation on the precipitation axis suggests the importance of habitat permanence . using a multiple regression equation derived for african waters to predict water temperature from latitude and altitude , it is shown that the two genera tend to separate around the 20 °c mean annual temperature isotherm . additional factors influencing distribution ( habitat permanence , water quality , competition and predation ) are discussed .
walter , t . c . & boxshall , g . ( 2018 ) . world of copepods database .
walter , chad . the world of copepods . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of paradiaptomus colonialis ( douwe , 1914 ) ) walter , chad . the world of copepods . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of diaptomus colonialis douwe , 1914 ) walter , chad . the world of copepods . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of paradiaptomus asiaticus ( ulyanin , 1875 ) ) walter , chad . the world of copepods . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of diaptomus asiaticus uljanin , 1875 ) walter , chad . the world of copepods . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
( of diaptomus purcelli sars g . o . , 1907 ) sars , g . o . ( 1907 ) . on two new species of the genus diaptomus from south africa . archiv för matematik og naturvidenskab , christiana 28 ( 8 ) : 1 - 17 , pls . 1 - 2 . [ details ]
( of diaptomus purcelli sars g . o . , 1907 ) walter , chad . the world of copepods . , available online at urltoken [ details ]
depth range based on 8 specimens in 4 taxa . environmental ranges depth range ( m ) : 52 - 52 note : this information has not been validated . check this * note * . your feedback is most welcome .
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matthew bird freshwater research unit zoology dept university of cape town 7707 rhodes gift western cape south africa tel : + 27 721760102 matthew . bird @ urltoken
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allanson , b . r . , r . c . hart , j . h . o ' keeffe & r . d . robarts , 1990 . inland waters of southern africa : an ecological perspective . kluwer academic publishers , dordrecht , 458 pp .
bailey , h . p . , 1960 . a method of determining the warmth and temperateness of climate . geogr . annaler , 42 : 1–16 .
băanăarescu , r . , 1990 . zoogeography of fresh waters , 1 . general distribution and dispersal of freshwater animals . aula - verlag , wiesbaden , 511 pp .
begon , m . , j . l . harper & c . r . reynolds , 1990 . ecology . individuals , populations and communities . 2nd edn . , blackwell scientific publications , boston , 945 pp .
burgis , m . j . & j . j . symoens ( eds ) , 1987 . african wetlands and shallow water bodies . directory . orstom , paris . travaux et documents no . 211 , 650 pp .
dumont , h . j . , 1980 . zooplankton and the science of biogeography : the example of africa . in w . c . kerfoot ( ed . ) , evolution and ecology of zooplankton communities . the university press of new england , hanover ( n . h . ) ; lond . : 685–696 .
dumont , h . j . & h . m . verheye , 1984 . the nature and origin of the crustacean zooplankton of sahelian africa , with a note on the limnomedusa . hydrobiologia 113 : 313–325 .
dussart , b . , 1989 . crustacés copépodes calanoïdes des eaux intérieures africaines . crustaceana , supplement 15 : 1–205 .
dussart , b . & d . defaye , 1983 . répertoire mondial des crustacés copépodes des eaux intérieures . i . calanoïdes . c . n . r . s . , paris , 224 pp .
green , j . , 1990 . zooplankton associations in zimbabwe . j . zool . , lond . 222 : 259–283 .
hart , r . c . , 1985 . seasonality of aquatic invertebrates in lowlatitude and southern hemisphere inland waters . hydrobiologia 125 : 151–178 .
hutchinson , g . e . , 1967 . a treatise on limnology , 2 . j . wiley & sons , n . y . , 1115 pp .
hutchinson , g . e . , g . e . pickford & j . f . m . schuurman , 1932 . a contribution to the hydrobiology of pans and other inland waters of south africa . arch . hydrobiol . 24 : 1–154 .
labarbera , m . c . & p . kilham , 1974 . the chemical ecology of copepod distribution in the lakes of east and central africa . limnol . oceanogr . 19 : 459–465 .
noble , r . g . & j . hemens , 1978 . inland water ecosystems in south africa — a review of research needs . south african national scientific programmes report 34 : 1–150 .
rayner , n . a . , 1990 . the freshwater diaptomidae ( calanoida : copepoda ) of southern africa . unpublished ph . d . thesis , university of natal , pietermaritzburg , 219 pp .
rayner , n . a . & j . heeg , 1994 . distribution patterns of the diaptomidae ( calanoida : copepoda ) in southern africa . hydrobiologia 272 / dev . hydrobiol . 92 : 47–75 .
straškraba , m . , 1980 . the effects of physical variables on freshwater production : analyses based on models . in e . d . le cren & r . h . lowe - mcconnell ( eds ) , the functioning of freshwater ecosystems . cambridge university press , london : 13–84 .
stuckenberg , b . r . , 1969 . effective temperature as an ecological factor in southern africa . zool . afr . 4 : 145–197 .
van schalkwyk , d . j . & r . d . walmsley , 1984 . prediction of surface water temperature of south african impoundments . j . limnol . soc . sth . afr . 10 : 57–61 .
walmsley , r . d . & m . butty ( eds ) , 1980 . limnology of some selected south african impoundments . water research commission and national institute for water research collaborative report , v & r printing works , pretoria , 229 pp .
williams , w . d . , ( 1988 ) limnological imbalances : an antipodean viewpoint . freshwat . biology 20 : 407–420 .