oscar whisky ( 10 february 2005 – 6 december 2014 ) was an irish-bred , british-trained thoroughbred racehorse who competed in national hunt racing .

in his early career he showed promise , winning two national hunt flat races and two novice hurdles .

in the 2010/2011 national hunt season he emerged as one of the leading hurdlers in the british isles , winning the welsh champion hurdle and the aintree hurdle as well as finishing third behind hurricane fly in the champion hurdle .

in the following season he won the relkeel hurdle and a second aintree hurdle .

he won the ascot hurdle and a second relkeel hurdle in 2012/2013 before being moved up to compete in steeplechases in the following season when he won the dipper novices ' chase and the scilly isles novices ' chase .

oscar whisky was fatally injured in a fall at sandown park racecourse on 6 december 2014 .

oscar whisky

whisky magazine issue 31 desert island drams - whisky cons - liqueurs - whisky & cigars .
whisky magazine issue 25 whisky and humour - john glaser - cragganmore - grain whisky tasting .
whisky magazine issue 135 spirit of speyside whisky festival , japanese craft whisky , sedgwick , kentucky peerless .
whisky magazine issue 24 the world of whisky - max shapira - glenfarclas - new world whisky tasting .
whisky magazine issue 37 bill murray - whisky live - bourbon collecting - ice cream - whisky in russia .
oscar whisky defended his crown in a thrilling finish to the john smith ' s aintree hurdle .
whisky magazine issue 144 discovering lexington , on the road to ardnamurchan distillery , the evolution of japanese whisky and whisky adventures .
whisky magazine issue 138 a roundup of canadian whisky and blends , arran and paul john distillery focus plus australian whisky supplement .
whisky magazine issue 30 best whiskies in the world - the whisky academy - pronounciation .
whisky magazine issue 29 james bond - cooley distillery - indian whisky - festival reviews .
whisky magazine issue 20 whisky & literature - glengoyne - vintage malts - canadian tasting .
whisky magazine issue 19 jimmy russell - japanese whisky - illicit distilling - bourbon tasting .
whisky magazine issue 5 guide to tobermory - milroys of soho - whisky and fish .
whisky magazine issue 4 matthew gloag - guide to ardbeg - whisky and smoked salmon .
whisky magazine issue 1 whisky hero arthur bell - laphroaig - cooking with nick nairn .
whisky magazine issue 40 whisky in greece - how whiskey fuelled the blues - speyside festival - whisky and coffee - special japanese tastings .
whisky magazine issue 51 winston and whisky - blended whisky - talisker and teacher ' s turn 175 - glen grant - bourbon in brooklyn - wine finishes - the glasgow whisky scandal .
whisky magazine issue 35 kentucky special - port wood finishes - bowmore - own label whisky .
whisky magazine issue 32 brian cox - whisky down under - silent stills - speyside festival .
whisky magazine issue 14 women and whisky - old pulteney - vintage malts - brown forman .
whisky magazine issue 43 the world ' s best blended whisky - jim mcewans ' s whisky academy - irish whiskey tastings - christmas indulgences .
whisky magazine issue 132 japan whisky in harmony , balblair distillery , beam suntory , tomatin distillery .
whisky magazine issue 114 glencadam distillery , george dickel , three ships , icons of whisky america .
whisky magazine issue 45 whisky and art - young malts - whisky on the web - tullibardine - cardhu - heaven hill - blends vs malts .
whisky magazine issue 34 sean connery - east meets west - irish coffee - whisky and sushi .
whisky magazine issue 33 whisky galore - royal brackla - cocktails - burn stewart - chil filtering .
whisky magazine issue 21 whisky and art - buying a cask - brian morrison - rye tasting .
whisky magazine issue 10 small batch bourbon - the glenlivet - grain whisky - focus on canada .
whisky magazine issue 54 icons of whisky 2006 - islay & jura guide - grain whisky - bourbon ' s future - cask strength higlanders - deanston .
whisky magazine issue 44 celtic cousins - whisky from wales , cornwall and brittany - balblair distillery - blended whisky tasting - chicago bars - amber restaurant .
oscar whisky runs for walters in tomorrow’s jlt novices’ chase , and he said : “he’s in very good form . oscar is my favourite horse , but after this , it could be whisper ! ”
whisky magazine issue 105 usa special edition : kentucky , mount vernon , washington dc , rodeo whisky .
whisky magazine issue 47 celebrating speyside - new island distilleries - best distillery tours - islay festival - whisky and cigar challenge - forty creek - whisky liqueurs .
whisky magazine issue 98 icons of whisky scotland winners unveiled - independent bottlers challenge results - cameronbridge - whisky magazine photographic challenge 2011 and much more . . . .
whisky magazine issue 48 highland park - whisky cocktails - jack daniel ' s barbecue challenge - happy birthday johnnie walker - bruichladdich - best whisky websites - aberfeldy .
whisky magazine issue 62 macallan oak - cask strength - canadian whisky - pagodas - rankin on rebus - icons of whisky 2007 - ledaig - glen grant - glenmorangie .
whisky magazine issue 46 best of the best - champions of whisky 2005 - icons of whisky - glen gant - adelphi - distillery buy - out two years on .
whisky magazine issue 123 the world of aberfeldy , great southern distillery , knockdhu distillery , icons of whisky america .
whisky magazine issue 86 shackleton ' s whisky - dalwhinnie - new york bars - kilbeggan - cocktails - peat - icons of whisky 2010 and much more . . . .
whisky magazine issue 125 sláinte to irish whiskey , icons of whisky rest of world , bourbon , travel retail glenmorangie .
oscar whisky , right , clears the last just ahead of manyriverstocross in the scilly isles novice chase at sandown . photograph : alan crowhurst / getty images
whisky magazine issue 127 a focus on speyside , allt - á - bhainne , kentucky visitor centres , golf and whisky .
whisky magazine issue 38 icons of whisky - jerez - new york ' s dale degroff - old whiskies : special tasting .
i think he ' s going to be one of the great oscar hosts .
whisky magazine issue 92 albert watson & the macallan - kyoto - springbank - zen & whisky and much more . . . .
whisky magazine issue 76 whisky magazine aged 10 years - grain whisky comeback - top 10 lost distilleries - visitors guide to the islands - welsh whisky - top 10 london bars - tastings , blends - lewis , new distillery - and more . . . .
whisky magazine issue 67 premium blends - kittling ridge - 200 whiskies tasted - icons of whisky - whisky and food - vip tours - climate change . . . and more . . . .
whisky magazine issue 50 50 leading whisky quotes - 50 top independently bottled whiskies - 50 great drinking occasions - aberfeldy - bulleit bourbon - the effects of peat - whisky and global warming . .
champion hurdle hero rock on ruby cut out much of the running , but he was unable to stop oscar whisky jumping by him at the second - last .
whisky magazine issue 134 awards special : the best whiskies in the world , icons of whisky global and the hall of fame . .
so sad at the loss of the great oscar whisky in the tingle creek today . brave little horse who always tried his best . condolences to the henderson team .
henderson has the current 4 / 1 favourite oscar whisky and he’s expected to go very close to reversing the cleeve hurdle form with reve de sivola on better ground .
whisky magazine issue 75 global blends - chichibu - buffalo trace - independent bottlers challenge - icons of whisky - awards - yamazaki - yoichi - the balvenie - old forester - whisky kitchen - bourbon festival .
bred in ireland by edmond coleman . he was sired by oscar , a horse who finished second to
whisky magazine issue 101 whisky families , mackmyra , buffalo trace , a drinker ' s guide to london and much more . . . .
whisky magazine issue 65 rye rebound - blood brothers - teacher ' s - americas whisky heartland - 50 whiskies tasted - barbecues - george dickel - woman in whisky - benromach - bruichladdich - longmorn - tullibardine .
whisky magazine issue 61 american distiller of the year - icons of whisky - buffalo trace exclusive - bar exams - premium bourbon - ballantines .
whisky magazine issue 100 the whisky magazine anniversary issue celebrates 100 years of the greatest whisky people , the 21st century ' s 100 greatest bottles and the 100 greatest distilleries to visit plus much more . . . .
cheltenham festival breeder briefing ; stephanie hanly of grange hill stud , breeder of weatherbys champion bumper entry drumbaloo ( 6yo g flemensfirth - supreme baloo ( supreme leader ) ) and spinal research supreme novices ' hurdle hopeful oscar whisky ( 5yo g oscar - ash baloo ( phardante ) ) .
“oscar whisky was backed off the boards in no time at all . the results then went our way and we’re looking forward to another frenzy of betting on gold cup day . ”
whisky magazine issue 49 kentucky bourbon - glasgow scotland ' s whisky city - a world of whisky tasting from across the globe - how to be nosey - lagavulin - heaven hill - cragganmore - the art of blending - liqueurs .
cheltenham festival breeder briefing ; stephanie hanly of grange hill stud , breeder of weatherbys champion bumper entry drumbaloo ( 6yo g flemensfirth - supreme baloo ( supreme leader ) ) and spinal research supreme novices ' hurdle hopeful oscar whisky ( 5yo g oscar - ash baloo ( phardante ) ) . - free online library
* scored on first two starts over fences , including when outbattling oscar whisky in the steel plate and sections novices’ chase over an extended two and a half miles at cheltenham on november 15 .
oscar producers neil meron and craig zadan say macfarlane represents a powerful draw for the masses , especially the younger masses .
whisky magazine issue 142 the best whiskies in the world 2017 , icons of whisky global winners and the conclusion to this year ' s battle of the blends .
whisky magazine issue 128 crown royal , netherlands , laphroaig , photo challenge 2015 .
whisky magazine issue 113 world whiskies special , tormore distillery , dallas city guide .
whisky magazine issue 107 movies & moonshine - junior johnson - bushmills cask guitars .
whisky magazine issue 41 50 years of maker ' s mark - yamazaki - aged bourbon tasting - fake whisky update - islay walks - paul rankin - scapa .
whisky magazine issue 36 5th birthday issue - monarch of the glen - glenrothes .
whisky magazine issue 28 berlin bars - william teacher - auchentoshan - delme evans .
whisky magazine issue 27 andrew usher - amateur blender - bunnahabhain - speyside tasting .
whisky magazine issue 2 what ' s it worth - macallan - johnnie walker .
oscar whisky ' s owner dai walters said : ' it ' s a dream come true . nicky and his team have got him here and i ' ve got to thank them very much . '
whisky magazine issue 55 abraham lincoln - up in smoke - scotch on the rocks - kentucky visitors ' guide - deanston - islay and jura - the whisky shop .
whisky magazine issue 130 global travel retail , coppersmiths , favourite blends , texas whiskey .
whisky magazine issue 106 independent bottlers ' challenge 2012 - islay - drinkers guide edinburgh .
whisky magazine issue 102 photo challenge 2012 winners revealed - ireland spotlight - bruichladdich distillery .
whisky magazine issue 79 world whiskies awards edition - best whiskies in the world 2009 .
whisky magazine issue 78 icons of whisky 2009 - edradour - bill lumsden - three glens - southern ireland - evan williams - the dalmore & much more . . . .
whisky magazine issue 72 the dalmore - forest to flask - the whisky boom - four roses - auchentoshan - glen grant - ancnoc and much more . . . . .
whisky magazine issue 26 independent bottlers - david stewart - buffalo trace - japanese whiskies .
whisky magazine issue 17 richard paterson art of blending - cadenhead - the speyside way .
whisky magazine issue 16 best of the best 2001 - how to taste - glenfiddich .
whisky magazine issue 7 millenuim tasting - economics of wood - dalmore - bourbon uncoverd .
whisky magazine issue 3 irish whiskey - wood ageing - how malt gets its character .
whisky magazine issue 71 best whiskies in the world 2008 - wonderful wood - old bourbon - lost distilleries - travel retail - tastings grain whisky and much more . . . .
whisky magazine issue 70 icons of whisky 2008 - speyside treasures - silent season - tour de france - ireland guide - littlemill - dalmore - ardmore . . . and more .
another nick henderson trained runner to watch out for over the bigger obstacles this season is oscar whisky , a name that will be all too familiar to most national hunt fans following his impressive career to date over hurdles .
whisky magazine issue 136 photo challenge 2016 winners , whistlepig , scottish visitor centres , tobermory .
whisky magazine issue 131 the hebridean archipelago , dalmunach , four roses , new orleans bars .
whisky magazine issue 94 photo challenge 2010 winners revealed - dr vijay mallya - midleton distillery .
whisky magazine issue 93 four roses - mount vernon - old crow distillery and much more .
whisky magazine issue 83 exclusive - diageo ' s ambitious project - bladnoch - manhattens in manhatten - whisky islands - blair athol - glenrothes - macallan and much more . . . .
whisky magazine issue 15 spirit of ireland - isle of arran - vintage malts - blackadder .
whisky magazine issue 13 jim mcewan - booker noe - ultimate macallan tasting - aberlour distillery .
whisky magazine issue 11 highland malts tasting - lagavulin - buffalo trace - cigars - fishing .
whisky magazine issue 9 best selling blends - irish special - white horse - wild turkey .
whisky magazine issue 8 wood finish tasting - gordon & mcphail - makers mark - edradour .
whisky magazine issue 139 a visit to japan ' s fuji gotemba distillery , global travel retail special , a tour of us visitor centres , plus icons of whisky rest of world results .
mla style :
cheltenham festival breeder briefing ; stephanie hanly of grange hill stud , breeder of weatherbys champion bumper entry drumbaloo ( 6yo g flemensfirth - supreme baloo ( supreme leader ) ) and spinal research supreme novices ' hurdle hopeful oscar whisky ( 5yo g oscar - ash baloo ( phardante ) ) . .
the free library . 2010 mgn ltd 09 jul . 2018 urltoken
whisky magazine issue 147 tullibardine - gordon & macphail - dalmore - jura - mackmyra - teeling .
whisky magazine issue 129 american whiskey special plus kingbarns , single oak project , edradour and germany .
whisky magazine issue 117 titanic belfast , small batch blends , toronto and maker ' s mark .
whisky magazine issue 104 the macallan , alternative grains , adnams & much more . . . .
whisky magazine issue 58 independent bottlers challenge - setting up your own distillery - world of the whisky ambassador - royal lochnagar - guide to ireland - goat fell - distillery ghosts - canadian blends .
whisky magazine issue 6 isaly tasting - travels in speyside & kentucky - talisker - bourbon uncovered .
chicago style : the free library . s . v . cheltenham festival breeder briefing ; stephanie hanly of grange hill stud , breeder of weatherbys champion bumper entry drumbaloo ( 6yo g flemensfirth - supreme baloo ( supreme leader ) ) and spinal research supreme novices ' hurdle hopeful oscar whisky ( 5yo g oscar - ash baloo ( phardante ) ) . .
retrieved jul 09 2018 from urltoken
whisky magazine issue 63 world whiskies awards - the best whiskies in the world - new distilleries - balblair vintages - kentucky visitors guide - whisky and food - port ellen and more . . . .
whisky magazine issue 60 praban na linne - grain production - marmalade - laphroaig - cocktail time - whisky islands - new zealand illicit stills - hokonui - compass box - old pulteney - dewar rattray .
whisky magazine issue 53 on the roll - how malt made social gambling cool - visiting speyside - isle of jura - auchentoshan - george washington - russia ' s whisky elite - lowland malts tasted .
jonjo o’neill said : “he will get a proper gallop in the jlt . obviously , there is not much between oscar whisky and taquin du seuil . oscar would have more pace but taquin is a good horse and , as long as the ground does not dry out too much , he will run well . he is best on soft ground , though i will run him on good ground .
at that point , oscar whisky showed his class to find a way past , despite evident fatigue . henderson said the outing was essential in order to have the horse fit for next month ' s festival , when the jlt chase is the aim .
whisky magazine issue 137 irish whiskey , touring the hebrides and an american whiskey supplement on kentucky bourbon .
whisky magazine issue 124 david beckham interview , battle of the blends , ardbeg distillery , japan focus .
whisky magazine issue 122 is craft an expression of skill , aberlour , flavoured whiskies , glen grant .
whisky magazine issue 39 cask strength islay tasting - longmorn - classic malts cruise - delilah ' s .
whisky magazine issue 12 by royal appointment - jack daniel ' s - highland park - highland malts .
whisky magazine issue 68 lowland perfection - auchentoshan - history of the cork - premium whisky - glenury royal - dewars - makers mark - mash tuns - glenlivet - ben nevis - inverleven - 40 whiskies tasted .
apa style : cheltenham festival breeder briefing ; stephanie hanly of grange hill stud , breeder of weatherbys champion bumper entry drumbaloo ( 6yo g flemensfirth - supreme baloo ( supreme leader ) ) and spinal research supreme novices ' hurdle hopeful oscar whisky ( 5yo g oscar - ash baloo ( phardante ) ) . . ( n . d . ) > the free library . ( 2014 ) . retrieved jul 09 2018 from urltoken
whisky magazine issue 150 world ' s best 2018 - rosebank - music - lot 40 - royal drams .
whisky magazine issue 133 the irish west coast trail , tullibardine distillery , bourbon pot stills , westland distillery .
whisky magazine issue 121 rocky mountain high , mixo - gastro , india drinkers ' guide , four roses .
whisky magazine issue 115 black velvet distillery , travelling in alberta , glen keith distillery and masters of photography .
whisky magazine issue 22 festival previews - collecting - forsyth ' s - caramel - 12 year olds tasting .
whisky magazine issue 120 the flavour of islay and jura , the sazerac trail , london bars guide , bruichladdich .
whisky magazine issue 96 jura - your guide to speyside - sydney bars guide and much more . . . .
whisky magazine issue 91 music special part - back to the seventies - fettercairn and much more . . . .
whisky magazine issue 90 music special - ailsa bay - independent bottlers ' challenge and much more . . . .
whisky magazine issue 64 mixing the magic - cocktails - glengyle comes of age - the glenlivet - 40 whiskies tasted - kilbeggan - duncan taylor - grain whisky - events - music - food and much more . . . .
whisky magazine issue 82 mull ' s drams - journey ' s blend - lark ' s rise - icons of whisky scotland - 11 page rum special - ardbeg - laphroaig - linkwood bunnahabhain - and much more . . . .
whisky magazine issue 148 island hopping - ardbeg - tullamore d . e . w - hiram walker - cotswold distillery .
whisky magazine issue 80 jim beam - sir robin knox - johnston - kentucky guide and much more . . . .
“we talked about sending him chasing at the start of this season but he’d have clashed with dai’s other horse oscar whisky in the two and half mile novice races . they would have been taking each other on so we decided to keep this fellow to hurdles but he’ll go chasing next season . ”
whisky magazine issue 149 kingsman - taste of africa - ncn ' ean distillery - clydeside - diageo specials - green spot .
whisky magazine issue 23 iain henderson - ben nevis - eau - de - vie stills - moonshine - vatted malts tasting .
just as he had done 12 months ago , irish raider thousand stars came at oscar whisky hard after the final obstacle but he was once again beaten a neck . it completed a magnificent treble on the day for trainer nicky henderson and jockey barry geraghty following the earlier successes of superstars simonsig and sprinter sacre .
whisky magazine issue 141 explore how copper stills are made , the end our journey down the rockies and a visit to ballindalloch .
whisky magazine issue 88 benromach distillery - incense - sherry casks - win four days at bowmore and much more . . . .
the heavy going here had dried out enough to make it cloying , the most stamina - sapping of surfaces , and oscar whisky did not seem to enjoy jumping out of it . he had just two rivals here but the outsider , manyriverstocross , looked the most likely winner for half a mile to the second - last .
whisky magazine issue 89 woodford reserve - us micro distilleries - glenlivet - win four days at bowmore and much more . . . .
oscar delta , who has finished third in the cga foxhunter chase for the past two years , looked destined to land this year’s race before dramatically unshipping rider jane mangan on the run - in .
* third to hinterland in grade one henry viii novices’ chase at sandown on december 7 and second to oscar whisky in the grade two cheltenham pony club raceday novices’ chase on new year’s day , but back to winning ways with impressive 17 - length success in a two and a half mile grade two event at haydock park on january 18 .
whisky magazine issue 97 usa spotlight : wild turkey , new york , jack daniel ' s and diageo and much more . . . .
walters had hoped the gelding would win the welsh champion hurdle , run at ffos las which he owns , but the gelding had to settle for second beaten a head . today’s victory was , “very nice consolation , ” said walter , adding : “i’ve won the welsh champion hurdle in the past with oscar whisky , so wasn’t too disappointed . ”
henderson takes the view that , for reasons unknown , oscar whisky was unable to produce his best form at last year ' s festival , despite the fact that seven of his stablemates won that week . any horse can run badly once but this one is generally a model of consistency , winning 10 times from 15 starts on a variety of ground .
whisky magazine issue 143 we discover the wadden isles , explore the spirit of collaboration behind glenmorangie ' s latest expression and look at mizunara casks .
whisky magazine issue 81 evan williams - bushmills - highland park - auchentoshan - bowmore - mackmyra - glen scotia and much more . . . .
at the time that effort seemed to answer the question of whether or not oscar whisky has the stamina for three miles , as he travelled well before fading into fifth . but in that case , what to make of his run in january ' s cleeve hurdle on much more testing ground , when he ran on stoutly to be beaten only a neck ?
“i am very happy with my fellow and , last time , there was not much between him and oscar ( three quarters of a length ) at cheltenham and they were some 15 lengths ahead of the third .
walters said : “i’ve won a lot of nice races , but never at the festival . snoopy loopy beat kauto star on one occasion and oscar whisky has won twice at liverpool , but i wanted one here . five years ago my daughter told me , ‘until you have a festival winner you shouldn’t buy any more horses , ’ but i kept on going . ”
whisky magazine issue 146 a tour of toronto , bourbon ' s pompeii , bladnoch distillery and a look back at glenmorangie ' s last 10 years .
whisky magazine issue 140 a journey round islay , visits to maker ' s mark and penderyn , and the conclusion to our trip down the rockies .
whisky magazine issue 77 the macallan - richard paterson - diageo - chieftain ' s - edradour - glenmorangie - smws & much more . . . .
whisky magazine issue 56 scotland ' s lowlands - shake it up - china and india - glengoyne - indian food - highlander inn - japanese tastings .
whisky magazine issue 42 state of independence - the macallan new expressions - girvan - bushmills - innovation from laphroaig - widder bar - the wee dram .
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whisky magazine issue 145 a visit to highland park , willie cochrane and claive vidiz interviewed . plus we kick off battle of the blends series three . .
whisky magazine issue 99 charley boorman - drayman ' s distillery - a drinker ' s guide to paris - micro distilling and much more . . . .
rodger sweeney – who also owns the horse – felt last year’s winner was beaten after the pair jumped the last but salsify was left to come home alone after oscar delta jinked and unshipped his pilot when about three lengths clear .
tom o ' neil editor of the oscar blog goldderby . com , says the film academy has long looked in vain to find a host who can provide star quality and reach out to a broader demographic - - from david letterman , to jon stewart , to chris rock (
they were all great comedians , but miscast on the oscar stage ,
says o ' neil ) to 2011 ' s debacle with no - chemistry hosts james franco and anne hathaway .
oscar whisky landed the third grade one of his career at sandown park when slogging to victory in the scilly isles novice chase but made very hard work of it and never really looked like the 1 - 6 shot which punters believed him to be . two firms responded by lengthening his odds for the cheltenham festival , for which he is a top price of 10 - 1 with william hill .
whisky magazine issue 66 how glass affects your taste - rise of small stills - tamnavulin - woodford reserve - jura - ardbeg dinner - michael jackson - bunnahabhain .
7 / 2 second - favourite cue card gave backers brief respite in the ryanair chase but 9 / 4 favourite oscar whisky’s eclipse in the ladbrokes world hurdle and an agonising head defeat for the well - backed super duty in the fulke walwyn kim muir challenge chase saw punters go home with their tails between their legs , especially after carrickboy had earlier won the byrne group plate at 50 / 1 .
when discussing most of his horses , henderson has deplored the heavy going which has been a constant for the past six weeks , but was much more comfortable with oscar whisky being given a thorough test .
with a lot of them , we ' re saying we don ' t want to do this at the moment , the bobs worths , the tents [ my tent or yours ] and others .
henderson is now understood to be prepared to give oscar whisky a try over fences and if he transfers his ability from hurdles to jumps , then he certain is one to watch over the coming months and before he has even left the ground to chance an open ditch on a racecourse , bookmakers make him the 8 / 1 second favourite , behind stablemate , simonsig , to win the arkle at cheltenham 2013 .
we ' re handing the oscar holy torch to the man most people know by his fictitious character stewie ( from family guy ) , who is this diabolical character . it ' s brilliant and it shows just how courageous the oscars are .
macfarlane has tipped his comedic hand by giving some barbs when he announced the academy award nominations in january , and he managed to get the word
erection
into one oscar promotion - - though abc would not allow it on the airwaves .
favourite salsify ( 2 / 1 ) landed his second successive cga foxhunter chase in fortuitous circumstances on the final day of the festival and his trainer conceded that he ‘probably wouldn’t have won’ had oscar delta not unseated rider jane mangan on the run - in .
oscar delta , who had finished third in the past two years , jinked when clear of his rivals and unseated jane mangan , handing victory to 2 / 1 favourite salsify and enabling a trio of british hunters to take a greater slice of the glory .
whisky magazine issue 84 boutique speyside - explore the balvenie - japanese focus - cocktails from new orleans - bunnahabhain - buffalo trace - mackmyra - smws and much more . . . .
lord windermere is a bay gelding with a white blaze and three white socks bred in ireland by edmond coleman . he was sired by oscar , a horse who finished second to peintre celebre in the prix du jockey club before becoming a leading sire of national hunt horses . his other major winners have included big zeb ( queen mother champion chase ) , rock on ruby ( champion hurdle ) , oscar whisky ( aintree hurdle ) , peddlers cross ( baring bingham novices ' hurdle ) , black jack ketchum ( sefton novices ' hurdle ) and at fishers cross ( spa novices ' hurdle ) . [ 2 ] lord windermere ' s name is a reference to the oscar wilde play lady windermere ' s fan . his dam , satellite dancer , showed no signs of racing ability when being well beaten in all three of her races in 1999 . [ 3 ] as a descendant of the broodmare nantua , she was distantly related to the prix de l ' arc de triomphe winner nikellora . [ 4 ]
whisky magazine issue 73 beautiful bourbon - highland park hits 40 - balblair - glenrothes - tobermory - auld reeke - prince charles - caol ila - glenmorangie and much more . . . .
whisky magazine issue 52 break for the border - whiskey and moonshine - oban distillery - wine finishes - kentucky - improve your tasting skills - glen moray - jimmy barclay - tullamore dew .
whisky magazine issue 69 highland gem - home of anoc - americas youngest distillers - food matching the diageo way - brora - bartenders trip - mackmyra - ginkgo and more . . . . .
whisky magazine issue 74 the ardbeg story - glentauchers - new orlean cocktails - rum special - caol ila - inverleven - mackmyra - the dalmore - benriach - cragganmore - tomatin and much more . . . .
whisky magazine issue 59 the blenders art - kentucky bourbon festival - first look at reopened scapa - whiskey rebellion - the price of malts - 40 whiskies reviewed - milling malts - american ads - glenrothes dinners .
nicky henderson and barry geraghty have enjoyed grade one successes on each of the first two days at this festival and oscar whisky ( 3 . 20 ) gives them an excellent chance of sustaining the run in the build - up to bobs worth in friday ' s gold cup . a major disappointment in last year ' s world hurdle , when he went off at 4 - 1 against big buck ' s , he is available at about the same odds to win the race without that hugely talented rival in opposition .
whisky magazine issue 57 american idols - the legends behind the great brands - the highlands - the sma ' still - speyside history - sir iain noble - cooley - silent stills tasting - gotemba - johnnie walker blue .
pimp your feet ànd your outfit with a unique pair of socks from oscar socks ! dare to mix and match and be bold , be brave , be bright , be free - be you ! the oscar socks be bold gift box contains 4 pairs of oscar socks , each with its own style : - yellow stars : these yellow dots in a dark blue background remind us of the genuine star - studded night sky . purple stripes : while trying to match colors , you can cheat and use a simple trick . match the ones that are close in the spectrum . burgundy and purple operate quite well together . - solid black : black in its deepest variation was chosen to design these socks . to foster singularity , a vivid red logo embraces it . - solid red : this profound red comes with paradox . either it shall give you a lot of confidence or you might wear them out of confidence . oscar socks is a brand of luxury men ' s socks , designed in brussels and made in italy . the socks are made of bamboo fibers , making them very soft and pleasant to wear . a mix of elegance and ' crazy designs ' makes every pair unique . the italian quality and brussels design are the perfect combo . these socks provide comfort without equivalent and shall sublimate your feet .
whisky magazine issue 85 bourbon ' s liquid legend - elmer t . lee on 90 years of the american spirit - a drinker ' s tour of louisville - millstone distillery - the lowlands & much more . . . .
after the show and the glitzy post - show parties , macfarlane says , he ' ll be looking forward to relaxing at his beverly hills home , where he ' s building a library . his idea of a vacation will be hitting growing stacks of unread books by the fire with a cigar , perhaps mulling an oscar success .
the creator and behind - the - scenes force behind popular tv series such as family guy and american dad , as well as this summer ' s raunchy comedy flick ted , hopes he can attract younger viewers to the program . at the same time , he needs to satisfy a theater full of hollywood ' s biggest stars , nervous about their oscar chances .
the seven year old made his first appearance at the cheltenham festival in 2010 where on the back of four wins from four starts prior to the meeting , he could only manage fourth behind menorah in the supreme novices hurdle and 12 months later in 2011 , the son of famous national hunt sire , oscar , finished third behind hurricane fly in the champion hurdle .
he ' s also blessed by a year with vigorous box - office results for the oscar - nominated films , which should secure an engaged audience . but that doesn ' t entirely relieve the tension in these days before the big night . at points during the outdoor interview , macfarlane fears the southern california sun will give his face a distorted sunburn for the show .
published 8 times a year whisky magazine is the perfect complement to the dram in your glass . every issue brings you fascinating articles on the art , science and romance of the ' water of life ' , plus page after page of tasting notes .
nigel twiston - davies said : “double ross has done lots of good stuff at cheltenham . he will go for the jlt novices’ chase rather than the handicaps because there might be some improver lower in the weights . he is more experienced over fences than most of the novices . i think experience over the cheltenham fences is quite important . he has been around there three times this season . oscar whisky does not look as fluent in his jumping . double ross can go on any ground . it is a question of whether he will be good enough . he will take the race to them , being up with the pace . ”
to aid this , he met billy crystal at the nine - time oscar host ' s beverly hills office . crystal was helpful with a list of do ' s and don ' t ' s , ranging from telling macfarlane to get used to his show shoes (
i ' m wearing them to rehearsals now ,
says macfarlane ) to broader topics such as dealing with the stars in the theater .
there also are a lot of people counting on macfarlane to turn the recent tide of declining oscar viewership . though it ' s usually the year ' s second - most - watched show , after the super bowl , its ratings have been all over the map in the past five years : a low of 32 million viewers in 2008 , a high of 41 . 7 million in 2010 and 39 . 3 million last year .
it’s said by whiskey himself that the mikes are all cloned from the same guy , who was already an idiot according to him . oscar mike was apparently made even dumber in the cloning process . seeing the images shown after clearing both their lore challenges shows that they’re not the last of their race as planet mike is full of mike clones and is even mentioned to having a king mike and queen mike…which makes me hope that queen mike is a female clone of some kind . considering good ol’ randy v . said that the backgrounds in some of the llc battleborn lore challenge images are possibly hints at where the story operations will go i’m gonna stick with my gut and say we’re going to planet mike . maybe even meet the original mike
at some us airports , the use of ' delta ' is avoided because it is also the call sign for delta air lines . ' dixie ' seems to be the most common substitute . ' foxtrot ' may be abbreviated as ' fox ' at united states airports . in british police work the use of ' india ' has been replaced by ' indigo ' . sometimes , in the philippines , the word ' hawk ' is used for the letter h rather than ' hotel ' . in indonesia , the word ' lima ' is seldom used since the word ' lima ' means number five ( 5 ) in bahasa indonesia . instead , ' london ' is most often used . many unofficial phonetic alphabets are in use that are not based on the standard , but are based on words the transmitter can easily remember . often , such ad - hoc phonetic alphabets are based on ( mostly ) men ' s names , such as alan , bobby , charlie , david , edward , frederick , george , howard , isaac , james , kevin , larry , michael , nicholas , oscar , peter , quincy , robert , stephen , trevor , ulysses , vincent , william , xavier , yaakov , zebedee , or on a mixture of names and other easily recognisable ( and locally understandable ) proper nouns such as us states , local cities and towns , etc .
it did not start off like this - over time , the phonetic alphabet has evolved . the phonetic alphabet is a system created by the nato allies in the 1950s that would be intelligible and pronounceable to all nato allies in the heat of battle . it has another name - the radiotelephony spelling alphabet . it requires words to be spelled out by their letters ; for example , arm becomes alpha romeo mike , and south becomes sierra oscar uniform tango hotel . all the letters sound different , so there is no confusion over long distances over what people are saying . the reason that any phonetic alphabet is ( or was ) used is because telephone , radio and walkie - talkie communications had the habit of crackling over long distances , blotting out whole words or even sentences . the normal alphabet cannot be used , because some letters , for example p , b , c and d sound similar , and over long distances were indistinguishable , so a new method had to be found . when the code was invented it was also considered that consonants are the most difficult to hear against a noisy background . hence the sequence of vowels in the phonetic code played an important role when the code was invented , so that when you hear a noisy ' - oo - oo ' you know the letter is a z . the vowel - sequence thing works for most ( though not all ) combinations of letters . all of the words are recognisable by native english speakers because english must be used upon request for communication between an aircraft and a control tower whenever two nations are involved , regardless of their native languages . but it is only required internationally , not domestically , thus if both parties to a radio conversation are from the same country , then another phonetic alphabet of that nation ' s choice may be used .
that , however , was not the appropriate response according to his trainer , nicky henderson . asked if punters should be concerned for his cheltenham chance in light of this performance , henderson looked a little shocked and replied :
not at all . not one bit . no . we ' re on schedule .
he ' s a stuffy devil ,
the trainer said .
i mean , that ' s why he had to have a run . he was having a great old heave in here [ the winner ' s enclosure ] . but i know what he ' s like .
[ barry geraghty , his jockey , ] said he was taking blows all the way through the race . i ' m not saying he didn ' t enjoy this but that is hard work .
no way would i run them in that . but you have to keep at this guy . he had to have a run . he wanted the experience , yes , but he also badly needed a race .
henderson ' s title rival , paul nicholls , also had a single winner on this saturday , with saphir du rheu in the welsh champion hurdle . the five - year - old prevailed by a head over henderson ' s whisper despite a 13lb rise for his previous win and nicholls said he would make an excellent reserve for the festival ' s world hurdle .
at the moment , however , nicholls and andy stewart , the horse ' s owner , also have big buck ' s and celestial halo for that race . if both are still on target , saphir du rheu may be diverted to fontwell ' s national spirit next month .
otherwise , the day belonged to venetia williams , who had a treble at sandown and also won the west wales national at ffos las with emperor ' s choice .
i thought , coming here , that they ' d all got their chances but that was fantastic ,
the trainer said .
i ' m absolutely thrilled with them all .
williams has katenko and renard in the grand national , for which entries closed this week . renard is not yet qualified and has six weeks to do so by finishing in the first four in a chase over three miles or further .
the trainer reports that she will make a serious effort to get renard qualified . asked if the two - miler had an appropriate profile for the national , williams smiled and replied simply ,
crisp
, the champion two - miler who finished second to red rum at aintree in 1973 .
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foden receives a big hug from pep as laporte joins in first day of pre - season at city . . . but sane has been given an extra week off despite germany world cup snub
murray ' s back ! british star to make return to wimbledon . . as he agrees to be bbc pundit and commentator
hamilton is a fabulous driver but a sore loser . . . he will regret ' interesting tactics ' jibe at ferrari after british gp
england ' s last world cup semi - final was 28 years ago at italia 90 . . . but how do gazza , lineker and shilton compare to today ' s bunch of stars ?
italia 90 v russia 18 : when england were last in the world cup semi - finals a beer cost £1 . 23 , the nation was gripped by neighbours . . . but world in motion was not no 1 in the charts !
want to see england ' s world cup semi - final with croatia ? fly to moscow ( via rome and riga ) for just £476 . . . but be prepared to pay £560 a ticket and don ' t forget your fan id !
tottenham dominate world cup semi - finals and have more players left in the tournament than the bundesliga . . . but how do the final four break down ?
a yoga session ( and a round of applause for the instructor ) before a trip to the shops . . . behind the scenes with england
the seven - year - old had his stamina limitations exposed when only fifth behind the mighty big buck ' s in the world hurdle at cheltenham last month , but he was strongly supported at 9 - 4 returned to two and a half miles .
favourite zarkandar suffered a heavy fall at the sixth hurdle , but his rider ruby walsh eventually rose to his feet . henderson said : ' it was a complete re - run of last year .
' i do feel sorry for the grey horse ( thousand strides ) - another two strides last year he won it and another two strides he might have had us today .
' we tried him over three miles and he had a hard race in cheltenham . he was quite wobbly after the race and he blatantly didn ' t get it ( the trip ) and he was very tired .
' we needed every day we ' ve had after cheltenham as he came back very tired .
' i just wondered if we had enough time to get him back . the boys have done brilliantly at home . they help me with them so much and it ' s thanks to them .
' to get him back after what happened at cheltenham was tremendous . maybe i ran him in the wrong race there .
' there ' s a possibility he may go over fences ( next season ) . we ' ll have to have a talk about it .
' if it went horribly wrong , he may end up in the champion hurdle . '
geraghty said : ' i was up there with rock on ruby and it had to be a bit of a balancing act with thousand stars nipping at our heels .
' we went a nice gallop . we didn ' t go quick . we went a nice pace . it could have been a crawl . i don ' t think that was going to suit anyone . '
irish champion trainer willie mullins said of thousand stars : ' his run at cheltenham took the edge off him and i ' m delighted with the run .
' he ' s only halfway through his season as we ' ve got punchestown and back to paris to think about . '
harry fry , assistant trainer to paul nicholls who trains rock on ruby at a satellite yard , said : ' he just wants a truly run two - mile race . he ' s jumped ok , but he was there to be shot at in front and was just idling .
' that ' s him finished for the season and it will all be geared around cheltenham ( champion hurdle ) in march .
' we ' ll see if overturn is there to go a good gallop , otherwise we ' ll have to find something else to set a good pace . '
although walsh appeared to be largely unscathed on rising , it was a heavy fall and the british horseracing authority soon announced he would be stood down for the rest of the day , meaning he missed the ride on on his own in the grand national .


cinara pilicornis , the spruce shoot aphid or brown spruce shoot aphid , is an aphid species in the genus cinara found on norway spruce ( picea abies ) and sitka spruce ( picea sitchensis ) .

it is a quite large aphid species with a plump , dull brown body .

it seems to have little effect on the tree .

it is a european species but it has also been reported in spruce forests in new zealand , together with the spruce aphid ( elatobium abietinum ) .

c. pilicornis , which is attended by the honeydew-collecting ants formica polyctena , is seldom attacked by the parasitoid wasp pauesia pini .

it is also a host for entomophthora fungi .

c. pilicornis produces the trisaccharide melezitose .

citronellol , cis – trans-nepetalactone and cis – trans-nepetalactol are stress-induced compounds released by the host plant .

these compounds originated from the aphids and they are assumed to be pheromone components for this aphid species .

cinara pilicornis

[ cinara pilicornis , syn . : c . hyalinus , c . piceicola , c . pinicola , aphis pilicornis , cinaropsis pilicornis , lachnus piceicola ]
zhang , guangxue , wanyu zhang & tiesen zhong . 1993 . sinozoologia 10 : 134 > > cinara pilicornis
semiochemicals related to the aphid cinara pilicornis and its host , picea abies : a method to assign nepetalactone diastereomers .
eastop & hille ris lambers . 1976 . survey of the world’s aphids 73 , 153 , 236 - 238 > > cinara pilicornis
of the 31 aphid species blackman & eastop list as feeding on sitka spruce ( picea sitchensis ) baker ( 2015 ) lists 16 as occurring in britain : adelges abietis , adelges cooleyi , adelges laricis , adelges viridis , aphis fabae , cinara costata , cinara piceae , cinara piceicola , cinara pilicornis , cinara pruinosa , elatobium abietinum , mindarus obliquus , neomyzus circumflexus , pachypappella lactea , pineus similis , and prociphilus xylostei .
gittins , bishop , knowlton & parker . 1976 . research bulletin of the idaho agricultural experiment station 96 : 11 > > cinara pilicornis
semiochemicals related to the aphid cinara pilicornis and its host , picea abies : a method to assign nepetalactone diastereomers . - pubmed - ncbi
eastop , miyazaki & sorin . 1998 . miscellaneous publication of the national institute of agro - environmental sciences 22 : 3 > > cinara pilicornis
zhang , guangxue , lijuan liu , he & tiesen zhong . 1988 . acta entomologica sinica 31 ( 2 ) : 228 > > cinara pilicornis
pashtshenko & lobkova . 1990 . in lelej [ ed . ] . news of insect systematics of the soviet far east 7 > > cinara pilicornis
ghosh , a . k . 1982 . the fauna of india and adjacent countries . homoptera , aphidoidea . part 2 . subfamily lachninae 51 > > cinara pilicornis
hottes . 1953 . proceedings of the biological society of washington 66 : 158 > > cinara pilicornis urn : lsid : aphid . speciesfile . org : taxonname : 16086
the cinara pilicornis alate ( see above , second ) is greyish - brown with transverse waxy bars and little sclerotization . the apterous males are green with an elongate flattened body .
inouye . 1970 . bulletin of the government forest expereriment station 228 : 80 > > cinara ( cinaropsis ) pilicornis urn : lsid : aphid . speciesfile . org : taxonname : 16089
danielsson . 1987 . population structure , genetics and taxonomy of aphids and thysanoptera . proceedings of the international symposium , smolenice , czechoslovakia , 9 - 14 september 1985 340 > > cinara pilicornis
zhang , guangxue , xiaolin chen , tiesen zhong & jinghua li . 1999 . in zhang , guangxue [ ed . ] . fauna of agricultural and forestry aphids of northwest , china : insecta homoptera aphidinea 198 > > cinara pilicornis
stadler , b ( 1997 ) . egg distribution and survival of cinara pilicornis ( hartig ) on damaged and undamaged norway spruce ( picea abies ) ( l . ) karst . , journal of applied entomology , 121 , 71 - 75 . abstract
spruce aphid , elatobium abietinum forest and timber insects in new zealand no . 54 : spruce aphid . revised 2009 based on r . zondag ( 1983 ) insect : elatobium abietinum ( walker ) ( hemiptera : aphididae ) * * one other aphid , cinara pilicornis…
mamontova . 1972 . fauna ukraini 20 ( 7 ) : 147 > > cinaria pilicornis urn : lsid : aphid . speciesfile . org : taxonname : 16090
börner . 1952 . mitteilungen der thüringischen botanischen gesellschaft supplement 3 : 43 > > cinaropsis ( cinaropsis ) pilicornis urn : lsid : aphid . speciesfile . org : taxonname : 16087
hartig . 1841 . zeitschrift für die entomologie , herausgegeben von ernst friedrich germar 3 : 369 > > aphis pilicornis urn : lsid : aphid . speciesfile . org : taxonname : 184956
pašek . 1954 . conifer aphids in czechoslovakia ( homoptera - aphidoidea ) 207 > > cinaria ( cinaropsis ) pilicornis urn : lsid : aphid . speciesfile . org : taxonname : 501976
steffan . 1972 . in schwenke [ ed . ] . die forstschädlinge europas . ein hanbuch in fünf bänden . erster band : würmer , schnecken , spinnentiere , tausendfüssler und hemimetabole insekten 364 > > cinaropsis pilicornis
volatiles released by seedlings of norway spruce infested with the aphid cinara pilicornis were analyzed using spme–gc–ms . among the stress - induced compounds released by the host plant , citronellol , cis–trans - nepetalactone and cis–trans - nepetalactol was found . these compounds originated from the aphids and they were assumed to be pheromone components for this aphid species . to determine the relative stereochemistry of the nepetalactone , a diagnostic method was developed . the method was based on multivariate analysis of tabulated relative intensities of mass fragments of the four nepetalactone diastereomers . in the practical method described , a few pairs of fragments in the mass spectra were compared and , in combination with the kovat ' s index , were used to unambiguously identify the relative stereochemistry of the nepetalactone .
volatiles released by seedlings of norway spruce infested with the aphid cinara pilicornis were analyzed using spme - gc - ms . among the stress - induced compounds released by the host plant , citronellol , cis - trans - nepetalactone and cis - trans - nepetalactol was found . these compounds originated from the aphids and they were assumed to be pheromone components for this aphid species . to determine the relative stereochemistry of the nepetalactone , a diagnostic method was developed . the method was based on multivariate analysis of tabulated relative intensities of mass fragments of the four nepetalactone diastereomers . in the practical method described , a few pairs of fragments in the mass spectra were compared and , in combination with the kovat ' s index , were used to unambiguously identify the relative stereochemistry of the nepetalactone .
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( see section below for colour forms ) . the whole aphid is clothed with
, or at least paler basally and medially than at apex . most of hairs on the outer side of the middle section of the hind tibia
which has the hairs on the outer side of the hind tibiae all less than 0 . 12 mm long ) . the second hind
which have the second tarsal segment shorter than the maximum diameter of the cones ) . the siphunculi are
is found throughout europe through to china and japan and it has been introduced to australia , new zealand , north and south america .
lays its eggs in autumn on current year needles . the eggs begin hatching early the next march before bud burst . initially small colonies develop on undersides of the previous year ' s twigs , but these move on to new growth after bud - burst as shown below . the
the mealy covering becomes more apparent ( see picture below ) . the species is usually not ant attended .
( see first picture below ) which are larger and somewhat darker than their eventual offspring .
species . numerous alatae are produced in may - july ( see picture below ) .
there are two colour forms - orange brown or greyish green . an apterous adult of the orange - brown form is pictured below , together with immatures of the green form ( or possibly green males ) .
report that in some years it is extremely abundant among young spruce plantations . they also comment that it was far less common in the 1950s and 1960s than it was in the 1980 ' s . our own impression is that it is now less common than at the time carter & maslen were writing , possibly because of a decline in the planting of spruce .
looked at factors affecting the low temperature survival of the eggs on sitka spruce . glycerol and mannitol were present in the eggs but neither appeared to be related to their supercooling ability which was related to the temperature in the period preceding collection .
looked at the effect of high levels of pollution on the spruce shoot aphid . under experimental conditions aphid populations were found to be higher on seedlings exposed to pollutants ( gaseous sulphur dioxide , sodium fluoride , calcium nitrate and ammonium sulphate ) than on those not exposed . fluoride had a stronger positive effect on aphid numbers than sulphur dioxide or nitrogen .
) . host trees showing either heavy symptoms of needle - yellowing or looking green and healthy were compared . host plant quality did not seem to influence the proportion of eggs surviving to spring . also , the biomass of developing first instar larvae of the fundatrices was independent of the degree of needle - yellowing . damaged or stressed trees did
provides an important source of honeydew for bee populations . hence bee keepers view this aphid very favourably , although it can damage young trees . moulds growing on honey dew may stain shoots black . there is some evidence that the aphid can cause the current year ' s needles to turn yellow and fall from the lower side of the shoots that have supported colonies .
we have made provisional identifications from high resolution photos of living specimens , along with host plant identity . in the great majority of cases , identifications have been confirmed by microscopic examination of preserved specimens . we have used the keys and species accounts of blackman & eastop ( 1994 ) and blackman & eastop ( 2006 ) supplemented with blackman ( 1974 ) , stroyan ( 1977 ) , stroyan ( 1984 ) , blackman & eastop ( 1984 ) , heie ( 1980 - 1995 ) , dixon & thieme ( 2007 ) and blackman ( 2010 ) . we fully acknowledge these authors as the source for the ( summarized ) taxonomic information we have presented . any errors in identification or information are ours alone , and we would be very grateful for any corrections . for assistance on the terms used for aphid morphology we suggest the figure provided by blackman & eastop ( 2006 ) .
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upcoming events 2018 bugguide gathering in virginia july 27 - 29 : registration and discussion photos of insects and people from the 2015 gathering in wisconsin , july 10 - 12 photos of insects and people from the 2014 gathering in virginia , june 4 - 7 . photos of insects and people from the 2013 gathering in arizona , july 25 - 28 photos of insects and people from the 2012 gathering in alabama photos of insects and people from the 2011 gathering in iowa photos from the 2010 workshop in grinnell , iowa photos from the 2009 gathering in washington
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corresponds to a report on the basis of at least one observation proved within a period of 10 years ( 20 years for little - known invertebrates ) preceding the year and no presumption of extinction since obtaining the last data nor doubt on reproductive and implemented nature of this population . for migratory species , the presence indicated concerns areas of reproduction .
the last reliable sighting is older than 10 years compared to the reference date , no recent specific research and no presumption of extinction from that date [ vertebrates , invertebrates and plants well studied ( rhopalocera , grasshoppers , dragonflies . . . ) ] ;
the last reliable observation being older than 20 years , no recent specific research and no presumption of extinction from that date [ poorly known taxa : fungus , many invertebrates . . . ] .
this point covers the absence , more difficult by nature to demonstrate than presence . this status is based on one or more of the following criteria :
this status must be assigned to a department in which the presence of the species is casual .
particular case of absence due to a proven extinction less than a half century ago ( older disappearances are treated as
no probable or definite
) .
in the state of knowledge , we can not comment on the presence or absence in the current department . this is the default status when not comprised in one of the previous categories or whenever there is doubt .
warning : the data available reflects the progression status of knowledge or the availability of the inventories . it should never be considered as comprehensive .
national inventory of natural heritage , website : https : / / inpn . mnhn . fr .
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english - german online dictionary developed to help you share your knowledge with others . more information ! contains translations by tu chemnitz and mr honey ' s business dictionary ( german - english ) . thanks on that account ! links to this dictionary or to single translations are very welcome ! questions and answers
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pettersson m 1 , unelius cr , valterová i , borg - karlson ak .
kth , school of chemical science and engineering , department of chemistry , ecological chemistry group , se - 100 44 stockholm , sweden .
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