the slate-coloured grosbeak ( saltator grossus ) is a species of grosbeak in the thraupidae family .

most of its range is the amazon in south america , but it is also found in forests of the chocó in ecuador and colombia , and southern central america from panama to honduras .

slate - coloured grosbeak

the slate - coloured grosbeak is classified as least concern . does not qualify for a more at risk category . widespread and abundant taxa are included in this category .
the slate - colored grosbeak ( saltator grossus ) is a cardinal found in bolivia , brazil , colombia , costa rica , ecuador , french guiana , guyana , honduras , nicaragua , panama , peru , suriname , and venezuela .
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thank you for taking the time to provide feedback on the iucn red list of threatened species website , we are grateful for your input .
sacc . 2005 and updates . a classification of the bird species of south america . available at : urltoken .
justification : this species has an extremely large range , and hence does not approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the range size criterion ( extent of occurrence < 20 , 000 km2 combined with a declining or fluctuating range size , habitat extent / quality , or population size and a small number of locations or severe fragmentation ) . despite the fact that the population trend appears to be decreasing , the decline is not believed to be sufficiently rapid to approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the population trend criterion ( > 30 % decline over ten years or three generations ) . the population size has not been quantified , but it is not believed to approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the population size criterion ( < 10 , 000 mature individuals with a continuing decline estimated to be > 10 % in ten years or three generations , or with a specified population structure ) . for these reasons the species is evaluated as least concern .
the global population size has not been quantified , but this species is described as ' fairly common but patchily distributed ' ( stotz et al . 1996 ) . trend justification : this species is suspected to lose 13 . 7 - 15 . 3 % of suitable habitat within its distribution over three generations ( 12 years ) based on a model of amazonian deforestation ( soares - filho et al . 2006 , bird et al . 2011 ) . it is therefore suspected to decline by < 25 % over three generations .
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throughout history , crows , ravens and other black birds were feared as symbols of evil or death . …
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myavibase allows you to create and manage your own lifelists , and produce useful reports to help you plan your next birding excursion .
there are more than 12 , 000 regional checklists in avibase , offered in 9 different taxonomies , including synonyms more than 175 languages . each checklist can be viewed with photos shared by the birding community , and also printed as pdf checklists for field use .
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saltator grossus grossus : e colombia to venezuela , the guianas , amaz . brazil and n bolivia
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kris kin ( 5 march 2000 – august 2012 ) was a retired thoroughbred race horse , and active sire .

he was bred in the united states but was trained in england during his racing career .

in a career that lasted just over a year , from october 2002 to october 2003 , he ran seven times and won three races , most notably the epsom derby in 2003 .

kris kin stood as a stallion in italy , before being exported to stand in libya , where he died in 2012 .

kris kin

third - placed alamshar . the latter trounced his king george rivals , including kris kin , who ran the race of his life to be third .
the most recent case , heard at central london county court on dec 8 , involved david elsworth , one of the most gifted and best known trainers in britain , and charlie gordon - watson , a highly successful bloodstock agent , whose recent purchases included kris kin , winner of last year ' s derby .
kris kin won last year ' s derby only because the race comes too early in the season for it to be a true championship test . the dee stakes winner , trained by sir michael stoute , scored well enough at epsom , but he never won again and the best horse in the field turned out to be
a son of deceased kris s . and bred by flaxman holdings , kris kin won the epsom derby in his first start after winning the philip leverhulme dee stakes ( eng - iii ) in his season opener for owner saeed suhail . following the derby , he ran third in both the king george vi and queen elizabeth diamond stakes ( eng - i ) and prix neil casino barriere d ' enghien les bains ( fr - ii ) . overall , he won three of seven races and earned $ 1 , 641 , 792 .
kris kin , this year ' s epsom derby ( eng - i ) winner , was retired from racing several days after his unplaced effort in the oct . 5 prix de l ' arc de triomphe lucien barriere ( fr - i ) . he will stand at sheikh hamdan ' s derrinstown stud in ireland for 8 , 000 euros ( approximately $ 9 , 400 ) .
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britain ' s £250 million bloodstock industry finds itself in the dock today after another court case exposed how everyday customs and practices carried out by some trainers and horse traders are flagrantly illegal .
an investigation by the daily telegraph has confirmed the kind of transactions described by a judge as amounting to
fraud
,
bribery
and
secret profits
are widespread within the bloodstock world but are not regarded as anything untoward by many people in the industry .
it is a world where ' sweeteners ' and ' kick - backs ' , often worth tens of thousands of pounds , are commonplace and wealthy owners , unknowingly ripped off by unscrupulous trainers or agents , are the unwitting victims .
the level and type of corruption are confirmed elsewhere on these pages by justin wadham , a newmarket - based lawyer and former bloodstock agent , and a trainer who has close dealings with horse sales .
the latest example of how bloodstock dealings can be so at odds with the law of the land came four years after another court case exposed the shady side of horse sales .
in november 1999 , a high court judge awarded an owner £51 , 000 in damages after concluding that oliver sherwood , a trainer , and paul webber , a former bloodstock agent turned trainer , had been guilty of
collusive bidding
at doncaster sales .
the case centred on the proposed sale in october 2001 of foodbroker fancy , a talented three - year - old filly trained by elsworth , via gordon - watson to richard duggan , an american - based bloodstock agent . gordon - watson said the sale price was £275 , 000 . duggan said he was paying £300 , 000 .
days after the sale was agreed verbally , the filly was injured . she was subsequently sold in february 2003 for £275 , 000 to a french stud and the court case was aimed at determining who should pay veterinary and assorted costs of around £20 , 000 accumulated between the collapse of the original sale and her departure to france .
however , the case took on a very different complexion after judge michael dean qc read legal papers concerning the original sale and was clearly appalled by what he discovered .
in a written witness statement in support of foodbrokers ltd , the claimants , elsworth said :
at goff ' s [ sale in ireland ] , charles gordon - watson made a firm offer to buy the horse for the sum of £275 , 000 . he also said that i would be paid the sum of £10 , 000 commission by him . this was to be in addition to the normal vendor ' s commission of five per cent of the purchase price paid which i would receive from the owners in any event .
jamie mccalmont , an associate of gordon - watson , said in a separate witness statement in support of his boss that the £10 , 000 for elsworth was
an incentive to get the deal done
.
although neither witness was cross - examined , the official transcript of court proceedings shows how the judge seized on their evidence during a series of exchanges with william mccormick , the barrister representing foodbrokers .
judge dean : well , this adds a little complication . that means that two agents . . . your agent was defrauding you .
judge dean : i do not care whether you are making it or not , it seems to me that he was taking a secret profit if you did not know about it .
mccormick : your honour , he was taking that money without our knowledge . yes , that is right .
soon afterwards , judge dean said : so you are relying on a witness [ elsworth ] who you can see was defrauding you .
judge dean : well , i am using it because that is what it amounts to .
the judge went on :
all right , i have given you due warning . if i think it necessary to make remarks about the practices of these two agents [ elsworth and gordon - watson ] i shall have no hesitation in doing so whatsoever . you can all bear that in mind .
as the proceedings drew to a climax , judge dean continued :
anyway , your case is that you had a contract for the sale of this filly for £275 , 000 .
judge dean : and whoever agreed to buy it off you had agreed to buy it for £275 , 000 and you knew nothing about the fate of the £25 , 000 . were your clients [ foodbrokers ltd ] paying a commission at all for the trainer ?
mccormick : we were to pay a five per cent commission , five per cent of £275 , 000 .
mccormick : i think it is slightly more , but that sort of order , yes . there is no doubt he was taking commission from both parties .
judge dean : that is illegal , it is quite illegal . and if that is the way this business is conducted the sooner the people involved change their ways the better . that is what is called bribery and secret profits .
with the judge in full flow , the denouement came in a court scene reminiscent of rumpole of the bailey .
mccormick intervened to tell the judge :
i hear a whisper from my right suggesting it might be an idea if your honour would give us a little time . could i ask for 15 minutes ?
the judge responded :
i think you all ought to think about this very , very carefully . in this case there is £25 , 000 , which is exactly the sum of the secret profits that the agents [ elsworth and gordon - watson ] apparently , certainly so far as the claimant [ foodbrokers ltd ] were concerned , were splitting between themselves , and so far as mr duggan is concerned that is the same position .
i appreciate that that is not accepted by gordon - watson , they say mr duggan was perfectly well aware that , to use mr gordon - watson ' s words , he was going to pay £10 , 000 to the trainer to ensure that he kept the price , which seems clear fraud on his principal .
now , if you all want to think about it i would advise you to do so . i will give you as long as you like .
during the subsequent short break , gordon - watson settled the claims . he agreed to pay £40 , 000 to foodbrokers ltd and £10 , 000 to duggan .
after hearing details of the settlement , judge dean said :
in the circumstances of this case i do not propose to say anything more about it . but i think that is an extremely wise settlement .
since the case , the daily telegraph has had confirmation that foodbrokers ltd knew nothing about the proposed £10 , 000 sweetener at the time of the proposed sale and did not become aware of it until
considerably
later on .
charlie gordon - watson is threatening to sue the daily telegraph for alleged libel following the publication of an article last month , headlined
horsetraders must clean up their act
, which first highlighted the foodbroker fancy case .
he says his decision to settle the civil claims was completely unconnected with judge dean ' s remarks at the start of the trial .
a letter from his lawyers to the editor , dated dec 15 , copies of which gordon - watson circulated with a covering note to various racing people , stated :
as you will know , it is not uncommon practice for parties to litigation to settle at the door of the court on commercial grounds and this is what happened in this case .
with regard to the proposed £10 , 000 payment to elsworth , gordon - watson says he fully expected the trainer to tell the court that foodbrokers knew about it . because elsworth was due to appear as a witness for foodbrokers
clearly therefore they knew about mr elsworth receiving this commission and were at ease with the fact
.
in a later letter , it was stated gordon - watson had no reason to believe elsworth had not informed foodbrokers and , because no evidence was given in court ,
we do not know what the position was
.
the judge made no ' findings ' that the arrangements surrounding the proposed sale of foodbroker fancy were
illegal
or involved
secret profits
, the bloodstock agent ' s lawyers said .
subsequently , they said the judge ' s remarks
were made in respect of a hypothetical situation and were not made on the basis of any finding of fact . the hypothetical situation was one that did not pertain to the facts of this case .
after being provided with the official transcript of the legal proceedings by the daily telegraph , it was argued the judge ' s comments concerning the illegality of agents taking a commission from both sides were
plainly wrong
.
gordon - watson claims the purpose of the additional £10 , 000 was to compensate elsworth for lost training fees and prize money flowing from foodbroker fancy leaving his yard .
the writer of the article is criticised for
his failure to contact our client who could have put the record straight as to the nature of the payment to mr elsworth and apprised him of what the judge had actually said
.
a letter dated jan 21 declined the daily telegraph ' s offer to interview gordon - watson and concluded :
we will give you a further seven days in which to reconsider your position , failing which our instructions are to issue proceedings without further notice to you .
david elsworth contacted the daily telegraph following the initial story and said :
i am phoning about that s * * * you wrote in the paper the other day . haven ' t you got no better f * * * * * * style of copy than that . i mean , the fact was the judge did not award anybody everything . there was a dispute about ownership and it was settled out of court .
you have to go raking up all that s * * * . how do you know ? you weren ' t even there . i should change your occupation . it ' s a s * * * job you ' ve got if you ' ve got nothing better to do than this .
just do me a favour , richard . distance yourself from me . i don ' t want to see you again .
the financial corruption exposed in the foodbroker fancy court case is
sadly the tip of a rotten iceberg
, according to justin wadham , a newmarket lawyer who specialises in racing issues .
as a former chairman of the federation of bloodstock agents who is married to a national hunt trainer and has worked for sheikh mohammed ' s british bloodstock empire , wadham speaks - albeit reluctantly - from a position of knowledge .
he helped the jockey club last year to produce a code of conduct for trainers aimed at deterring impropriety .
i hate it when racing receives adverse publicity , particularly as most attempts by the media to put the sport in the dock get it wrong ,
wadham said .
however , i am very disheartened when client upon client - and many others who are not clients - come into racing and then leave almost as soon as they become involved not only because they have been cheated but because nobody , seemingly , gives a damn about their plight .
some of my clients are agents and trainers and they , too , are just as sickened as i am by some of the things that go on unchecked and unpunished .
there is a belief among many operators that they are entitled to take a cut out of a commercial transaction and call it ' commission ' . however , commission is a percentage rate agreed with a client and charged for a service to that client .
what a lot of people think is that , if they shift a horse from one person to another , without any regard for who their client may be , and nick some money out of the deal en route , they are charging a legitimate commission . in some cases , their actions amount to nothing less than theft .
wadham identified a number of areas where wrongdoing regularly takes place , including at the numerous high - profile sales .
a well - known scenario occurs when someone receives an order from a client to buy a horse for a specified sum . he then finds a horse which , say , has a reserve on it for half that amount .
before the horse enters the sales ring , he agrees with the vendor that the two of them will split whatever the amount is by which the eventual price exceeds the reserve price . thus ' our agent ' ends up charging his client five per cent commission on a price which he has deliberately inflated and also pockets the ' kick - back ' he negotiated with the vendor .
the variations on the theme are endless and , while it ' s important to stress that numerous trainers and agents are as appalled by these practices as i am , any idea that the auction market is transparent , or that this kind of thing happens just occasionally , is myth .
extracting a ' commission ' from both seller and buyer is also common in private transactions .
that amounts , at best , to a serious conflict of interest , and is fundamentally dishonest because ' the agent ' is misrepresenting his position to one or other party or both ,
wadham said .
i have also come across cases where the amount paid by the ultimate buyer of a horse is almost double the amount received by the original vendor - the difference being swiped by one or more ' facilitators ' en route .
sometimes , a client comes to see me with what he believes to be an ordinary commercial dispute only to discover , once the facts are probed , that he was the victim of fraud .
i cannot discuss individual cases . although , ironically , i am constrained not so much from client confidentiality - many would be delighted for me to proclaim their grievances from the rooftops - but by confidentiality clauses in settlement agreements whereby wrongdoers have purchased the silence of a client and thus avoided disciplinary scrutiny .
a lot of people are being stitched up and , unfortunately , no one seems to care . i think someone in a position of authority needs to say , ' we do care and we want to stamp it out . '
i ' m not naive enough to believe that you can prevent cheating . what you can tackle , however , is a culture in which cheating is so endemic and so rarely questioned , let alone punished , that some people do not recognise as wrong what a court of law would , in some cases , judge to be criminal .
wadham believes that the jockey club , as regulators of racing , should become more aggressively involved and
demonstrate a determination to deal with cases of impropriety
.
with trainers , it has everything it needs . not only is there a code of conduct but every trainer has to apply for a new licence annually . there ' s every opportunity for the jockey club repeatedly to warn trainers of the dire consequences of financial impropriety .
the jockey club has less authority and jurisdiction over bloodstock agents but , surely , they could take the initiative by seeking to negotiate with the federation of bloodstock agents an arrangement whereby , through the federation , each member voluntarily submitted to jockey club disciplinary jurisdiction . after all , the reluctance of any agent to submit might tell its own story .
a trainer who rejected a ' sweetener ' worth more than £25 , 000 to ensure the sale of a horse from his yard has spoken of the corruption and
enormous can of worms
surrounding britain ' s bloodstock industry .
the guys who are being ripped off are the owners , those who pay the bills , and it ' s all down to greed . it ' s robbery without violence ,
he told the daily telegraph .
in an interview , he gave examples of the various methods used by some bloodstock agents to
rip off
owners - and he provided names of those who allegedly
are up to their necks in it
.
the trainer , who asked for anonymity , highlighted the modus operandi of one particular bloodstock agent when it came to buying and selling horses .
he targets the smaller trainers and offers them what he calls sweeteners to get a deal done .
what he does at the sales is to approach a vendor beforehand to say he would like to buy their yearling . ' how much do you want for him ? '
the vendor says he ' s hoping to make , say , £50 , 000 and the agent says , ' i ' ll give you £50 , 000 and anything it makes over and above that is mine ' .
he already has an owner lined up for the horse and has people around the sales ring who will bid it up to £150 , 000 . he cops £100 , 000 and some unsuspecting owner pays the bill .
i ' ve followed horses into the ring with a view to buying them and they make 10 times what they ' re worth - because it ' s all sorted out before the horse goes into the ring . it ' s all done outside .
the law defining what constitutes bribery of an agent is contained in a legal tome which matches racing ' s bulky form book in size .
chitty on contracts cites mr justice slade :
for the purpose of the civil law a bribe means the payment of a secret commission , which only means : that the person making the payment makes it to the agent of the other person with whom he is dealing ; that he makes it to that person knowing that that person is acting as the agent of the other person with whom he is dealing ; that he fails to disclose to the other person with whom he is dealing that he has made that payment to the person who he knows to be the other person ' s agent .
once the bribe is established it is conclusively presumed against the donor of the bribe that his motive was corrupt and against the agent that he was affected and influenced by the payment .
the onus on an agent is underlined in chitty ' s summary of a string of legal precedents , ' secret profits ' .
a further consequence of the agent ' s fiduciary position is that unless he informs his principal and obtains his consent , he may not use his position as agent nor his principal ' s property or confidential information to make a profit for himself .
bloodstock agents are not licensed or subject to the rules of racing which are enforced by the jockey club to police the sport .
the only form of self - regulation involves members of the 48 - strong federation of bloodstock agents having to abide by a bland code of working ethics introduced after oliver sherwood and paul webber were ordered to pay £51 , 000 damages for
collusive bidding
at doncaster sales in 1999 .
not only is the six - point code vague , the jockey club are the first to admit the fba have no real teeth . membership is optional and some of the most successful agents , including charlie gordon - watson , are not fba members and therefore not subject to the code ' s provisions . however , all are subject to laws governing ' secret profits ' .
officially , the fba say no complaints have been received against any of their members since the code was introduced . however , privately there is acknowledgement that it is flouted .
agents , according to one industry source , do not appreciate having to pay off what they regard as grasping trainers who can prevent deals being done .
one agent , who asked not to be identified , said :
we do not give , out of the goodness of our heart , a trainer £10 , 000 , £20 , 000 or whatever the figure might be because he ' s a nice bloke . the implication is always , ' if you don ' t look after me , the deal won ' t get done ' .
agents hand this money over somewhat under duress . it ' s a bloody nightmare .
a code of conduct for trainers , covering dealings with owners , was introduced by the jockey club last year which seeks to reflect what has been the strict legal position for decades .
a trainer who acts as an agent in a purchase or sale of a horse must inform an owner
if he is aware that he will benefit financially from any third party from such a transaction
.
he is also forbidden from acting
simultaneously for the vendor or purchaser
unless an owner has been informed in advance .
rupert arnold , chief executive of the national trainers federation , confirmed that the circumstances of the foodbroker fancy case were not exceptional .
it is not highly unusual . i would hope , given the jockey club code of conduct , trainers appreciate that the onus is on them to be transparent ,
he said .
the reality is that trainers make precious little out of training fees because it ' s such a competitive business with operating margins that are miniscule . so trainers need to find alternative ways of making money .
i don ' t think there ' s anything wrong with that but what needs to happen is that the process has to be transparent .
the rarity of a sporting victory over australia – be it at cricket or tiddlywinks – means that every drop of essential oil has to be distilled from the celebrations . you have no idea how long the bottle might have to last . so , 20 years on last monday , the miracle of headingley ' 81 was invoked , with mark butcher ( ian botham ) and nasser hussain ( mike brearley ) cast as heroes of the remake .
just one little difference . in 1981 , the game mattered and england won it . in 2001 , the ashes were gone and australia lost it . any other interpretation of a thunderingly gratifying , but ultimately futile , victory is a wanton distortion of the truth , a confirmation of just how deep the acceptance of aussie dominance has burrowed into the national psyche .
this is , of course , an appropriate week to be reflecting on ancient national rivalries and the indefinable hold that history can take on a mere sporting contest . bat and ball at headingley and the oval , boot and ball in the olympic stadium in munich next saturday evening when england ' s hopes of automatic qualification for the 2002 world cup will depend on sven goran eriksson ' s ability to press the delete button on the nation ' s video . all england know what happens when we play germany at football – one scrappy victory in euro 2000 apart – just as they know what happens when england play australia at cricket . very occasionally and dramatically we win , mostly we lose . but does a swedish coach know or care ? eriksson was professing ignorance last week , preferring a little light background music to the wagnerian thunder and lightning which generally accompany the reunion of england and germany .
neutrality is probably the wise approach , not least with young multi - millionaires who are not prone to belting out the words of the national anthem like terry butcher , but eriksson might like to compare notes with duncan fletcher , his opposite number at lord ' s , who has spent his summer sweeping up the pieces of shattered illusions , not least his own .
why is it , fletcher must have wondered on those long , hot , afternoons , that a team moulded by 18 months of success , against zimbabwe , his own country , west indies , pakistan and sri lanka , a team that had developed resilience , team spirit , a sense of community , mateship even , should go weak at the knees at the first whisper of
g ' day
? he must have known something inexplicable and very english was afoot when he heard nasser hussain , an otherwise hard and impressive captain , talk of
earning the respect
of the aussies before a ball had been bowled . respect is earned by winning , and is an aim only for those who believe they will lose .
i doubt if fletcher , himself an inspirational leader in the days when zimbabwe were a non - test playing nation , ever took to the field with
earning respect
heading his list of ambitions . nor does it claim much of a place in eriksson ' s recently published thoughts on football . and it was , presumably , this sort of attitude which steve waugh was alluding to when he spoke last week of his surprise at the country ' s culture of negativity .
waugh promised a more detailed analysis of the failings at the end of the series which , at the time , australia looked set to take 5 - 0 . one hopes he will not be diverted from keeping his word by one setback because , from the moment he confronted the england batsmen with a row of slips , a gully and a short - leg at the start of a one - day international at old trafford , waugh has conducted a summer - long master class in psychology . his debrief will be compulsory listening . a tape might even be mailed to the headquarters of the football association .
by late on saturday , eriksson too might be dimly aware , like fletcher , of forces at work beyond his objective understanding . the incalculable benefit for our national football team is that eriksson ' s england will go to munich stripped of the phony patriotism which has repeatedly been used to mask the inadequacies of our preparation . the additional bonus , for all of us , is that england ' s fate on saturday will not be decided by a penalty shoot - out .
why is the start of the premiership season like the start of a horse race ? because in both cases , the commentator cries :
and they ' re off
. nine red cards in the first five days , including two each from tottenham ( david elleray ) and leeds ( jeff winter ) has hardly been an auspicious start to the new era of professional referees , unless a productivity clause has been secretly inserted in their contracts .
this season , referees will be fitter , better prepared , more in tune with the demands of the modern game , at least that is what we have been promised in return for £60 , 000 a year . yet already the paying punter – armchair or live – has once again had to suffer football ' s equivalent of the peace process , a well - rehearsed ritual which involves a lot of whingeing by players and managers , a whole pack of red cards and , finally , an uneasy deal on the decommissioning of certain tackles which could have been brokered before a player had been kicked .
this season , referees have been instructed to referee safely , which means keeping strict hold of the reins of authority . on paper , that is a logical instruction . on the field , it leads to untold frustration . admittedly , leeds against arsenal requires the deployment of a un peace - keeping force , but nothing is designed to upset players , managers and fans more than the wilful refusal by referees to play advantage . on tuesday night at highbury and at anfield last saturday , jeff winter dismally failed to apply the law , notably in blowing up for a foul on patrick vieira which the frenchman ' s skill had already punished . arsenal lost a good field position ; leeds happily regrouped for the free - kick . no one was booked .
football has already adopted rugby union ' s idea of penalising dissent by moving a free - kick 10 yards forward – winter penalised paolo di canio twice for the offence at anfield – so why not also apply rugby ' s interpretation of advantage by allowing play to continue beyond the foul so that the extent of the advantage can be calculated ? any more of this safety - first refereeing and the premiership will be reduced to seven - a - side .
this is the fa speaking :
due to circumstances entirely within the remote control of television , third round fa cup ties will be played on a rolling 24 - hour basis starting at midnight on saturday , 5 january , 2002 and ending at midnight on monday , 7 january , 2002 .
we apologise for any inconvenience caused to the undesirable minority who might want to watch their teams live at a reasonable hour of the day or those dreadful stick - in - the - muds who prefer their football served up exclusively at 3pm on saturdays . but , what can you do ? i mean , television pays all this money and who are we to say to stop them doing what they want ?
what ' s that ? yes , i know we are the game ' s governing body , but , with the best will in the world , i don ' t see what that ' s got to do with it . oh yes , the fa cup final ? that has been moved to kuala lumpur . live , peak time for the asian market . they ' re suckers for tradition out there , you know .
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£59 . 70 to a £1 stake . pool : £45 , 839 . 74 - 559 . 76 winning units
£29 . 50 to a £1 stake . pool : £4 , 170 . 62 - 104 . 32 winning units
distances : hd , 1¾l , 1½l time : 1m 12 . 03s ( slow by 2 . 23s ) total sp : 114 %
distances : 2½l , nk , ¾l time : 57 . 41s ( slow by 0 . 21s ) total sp : 111 %
distances : hd , ¾l , 3l time : 1m 38 . 66s ( slow by 1 . 46s ) unplaced fav : whatsthemessage 5 / 2f total sp : 111 %
distances : 1¾l , nse , nk time : 2m 53 . 43s ( slow by 7 . 43s ) unplaced fav : luv u whatever 5 / 2f total sp : 111 %
distances : 4l , ¾l , nk time : 1m 29 . 63s ( slow by 2 . 33s ) total sp : 116 %
distances : hd , 1¼l , 2¾l time : 1m 31 . 16s ( slow by 3 . 86s ) unplaced fav : different journey 5 / 2f total sp : 117 %
was keen early but made some good late progress and looks one for nurseries .
£144 . 30 to a £1 stake . pool : £63 , 971 . 93 - 323 . 42 winning units
£24 . 00 to a £1 stake . pool : £4 , 618 . 12 - 141 . 81 winning units
distances : 4½l , 1½l , shd time : 1m 13 . 63s ( slow by 3 . 13s ) total sp : 115 %
distances : 1½l , 1¼l , shd time : 1m 39 . 73s ( slow by 2 . 03s ) unplaced fav : shamaheart 7 / 2f total sp : 117 %
distances : nk , 18l , 8l time : 2m 34 . 18s ( slow by 2 . 68s ) total sp : 108 %
distances : nk , 4l , nk time : 2m 2 . 05s ( slow by 1 . 75s ) unplaced fav : lamloom 9 / 4j total sp : 109 %
distances : 7l , 9l , nk time : 1m 38 . 94s ( slow by 1 . 24s ) total sp : 114 %
distances : 1l , nk , 2l time : 1m 29 . 86s total sp : 113 %
distances : hd , 2¼l , 1¼l time : 1m 31 . 21s unplaced fav : alfirak 6 / 4f total sp : 119 %
distances : ¾l , 1¼l , nk time : 2m 11 . 38s ( slow by 3 . 38s ) unplaced fav : check your pockets 9 / 4f total sp : 112 %
pick six : not won . 24 , 281 . 38 carried forward to roscommon tuesday . tote aggregates : 2017 ; 296 , 281 . 2018 ; 128 , 518
£20 . 90 to a £1 stake . pool : £88 , 688 . 16 - 3 , 097 . 60 winning units
£11 . 10 to a £1 stake . pool : £6 , 385 . 65 - 424 . 16 winning units
distances : nk , nk , 1l time : 1m 13 . 14s ( slow by 2 . 94s ) total sp : 123 %
distances : ¾l , 2l , hd time : 1m 13 . 86s ( slow by 3 . 66s ) total sp : 121 %
distances : nk , 1¼l , 1l time : 2m 12 . 59s ( slow by 8 . 09s ) total sp : 111 %
distances : shd , hd , 2l time : 1m 45 . 90s ( slow by 5 . 30s ) unplaced fav : brigand 11 / 10f total sp : 111 %
distances : 2l , nse , 2l time : 1m 48 . 09s ( slow by 7 . 49s ) total sp : 122 %
distances : 4½l , nk , 1l time : 2m 32 . 25s ( slow by 8 . 75s ) total sp : 113 %
£134 . 50 to a £1 stake . pool : £70 , 403 . 42 - 382 . 07 winning units
£31 . 10 to a £1 stake . pool : £7 , 689 . 58 - 182 . 62 winning units
distances : 1¾l , 1l , nk time : 1m 15 . 80s ( slow by 3 . 60s ) total sp : 125 %
distances : nk , 1¾l , hd time : 1m 31 . 96s ( slow by 5 . 86s ) unplaced fav : cupid ' s arrow 4 / 1j , be bold 4 / 1j total sp : 122 %
distances : ½l , 13l , nse time : 2m 40 . 17s ( slow by 5 . 17s ) total sp : 119 %
£294 . 80 to a £1 stake . pool : £64 , 468 . 45 - 159 . 62 winning units
£54 . 30 to a £1 stake . pool : £5 , 729 . 64 - 77 . 96 winning units
distances : 6l , shd , 4½l time : 5m 49 . 80s ( slow by 14 . 80s ) unplaced fav : master sunrise 6 / 4f total sp : 115 %
newton geronimo was withdrawn . price at time of withdrawal 13 / 8f . rule 4 applies to all bets - deduction 35p in the pound
distances : 1½l , hd , 2½l time : 3m 42 . 80s ( slow by 2 . 80s ) unplaced fav : tommy hallinan 9 / 4j total sp : 117 %
distances : 6l , 11l , hd time : 5m 44 . 60s ( slow by 22 . 60s ) total sp : 116 %
distances : nk , 2l , 1¾l time : 3m 44 . 70s ( slow by 4 . 70s ) unplaced fav : excellent team 100 / 30f total sp : 113 %
distances : 1¾l , ½l , nk time : 2m 2 . 21s ( slow by 0 . 21s ) total sp : 120 %
pari - mutuel ( all including 1 euro stake ) : win 2 . 90 place 1 . 70 , 2 . 00 , 4 . 40 df 7 . 80 sf 12 . 90
distances : ¾l , ½l , nse time : 2m 31 . 62s ( slow by 2 . 62s ) unplaced fav : north hunter 12 / 5f total sp : 121 %
pari - mutuel ( all including 1 euro stake ) : win 25 . 60 place 5 . 70 , 2 . 90 , 2 . 80 df 110 . 70 sf 295 . 60
distances : hd , ¾l , ½l time : 1m 27 . 55s ( slow by 4 . 25s ) total sp : 120 %
pari - mutuel ( all including 1 euro stake ) : win 5 . 50 place 1 . 80 , 2 . 40 , 1 . 60 df 28 . 80 sf 58 . 00
distances : nse , 1½l , snk time : 1m 52 . 14s ( slow by 3 . 64s ) unplaced fav : flowrider evensf total sp : 121 %
pari - mutuel ( all including 1 euro stake ) : win 1 . 50 ( coupled with flowrider ) place 1 . 80 , 1 . 90 sf 8 . 00
pari - mutuel ( all including 1 euro stake ) : win 2 . 30 place 4 . 10 , 5 . 10 , 4 . 10 df 64 . 60 sf 146 . 60
distances : hd , 1l , snk time : 1m 25 . 85s ( slow by 2 . 55s ) total sp : 121 %
pari - mutuel ( all including 1 euro stake ) : win 5 . 50 place 2 . 00 , 3 . 80 , 3 . 00 df 31 . 40 sf 55 . 20
pari - mutuel ( all including 1 euro stake ) : win 5 . 70 place 1 . 90 , 2 . 20 , 1 . 90 df 26 . 60 sf 50 . 50
distances : snk , 1¼l , 1¾l time : 2m 3 . 57s ( slow by 1 . 57s ) unplaced fav : ducale di maremma 14 / 5f total sp : 121 %
pari - mutuel ( all including 1 euro stake ) : win 11 . 80 place 3 . 70 , 3 . 10 , 6 . 60 df 37 . 80 sf 87 . 60
pick 6 : unbeaten morston tops six worst derby winners . - free online library
mla style :
pick 6 : unbeaten morston tops six worst derby winners . .
the free library . 2004 mgn ltd 09 jul . 2018 urltoken
chicago style : the free library . s . v . pick 6 : unbeaten morston tops six worst derby winners . .
retrieved jul 09 2018 from urltoken
apa style : pick 6 : unbeaten morston tops six worst derby winners . . ( n . d . ) > the free library . ( 2014 ) . retrieved jul 09 2018 from urltoken
it would be idle to pretend that the derby roll of honour consists entirely of superstars , for in only 23 of the 58 post - war seasons has the epsom winner been the champion three - year - old colt .
the others owe their place in history to luck , precocity or opportunism in taking advantage of a weak field .
the following six underline that point with great emphasis , for , based on the quality of their best career performances , they are the worst horses to win the derby since world war ii .
on the face of it , a colt who retires as an unbeaten derby winner deserves an honoured place in racing history , but strictly on form morston , who won both his career starts , was the worst horse to triumph in the premier classic since spion kop in 1920 .
morston scored decisively on his racecourse debut in the godstone plate at lingfield in may , 1973 , and , in a very poor field for the derby the following month , the 25 - 1 shot led approaching the final furlong and held on by half a length from cavo doro . he was the second derby winner for owner - breeder - trainer arthur budgett - the first had been the colt ' s half - brother blakeney - but injury prevented him from running again and fulfilling his potential .
the 1999 derby field contained a great champion - not the winner , oath , who recorded his only pattern victory when beating daliapour by a length and three - quarters , but the favourite , dubai millennium , who suffered his only defeat when finishing ninth . the henry cecil - trained oath , who had previously won the listed dee stakes , had only one more race - when he injured a knee in the king george and beat only one home .
the first of arthur budgett ' s derby winners , blakeney was lucky to score in 1969 because the best horse in the field , prince regent , finished third after receiving an incompetent ride . that french colt subsequently had blakeney back in fourth when winning the irish derby . if blakeney had not improved as a four - year - old - coming second ( to nijinsky ) in the king george and fifth in the arc - then he , and not his half - brother morston , would have headed this list .
quest for fame was only the second - or third - best three - year - old colt trained by roger charlton for khalid abdullah in 1990 ( behind deploy and , perhaps , sanglamore ) and was beaten on merit by belmez in the chester vase , but he met a poor field in the derby and won by three lengths from blue stag . he was kept in training until the age of five and twice finished third in the breeders ' cup turf .
the worst overseas - trained derby winner of all time ( narrowly from larkspur and empery ) , lavandin failed to brighten a wet day at epsom in 1956 when he held off montaval by a neck . alec head ' s colt , who had started favourite on the strength of an unlucky defeat in the prix hocquart , flopped on his only subsequent start , in the grand prix de paris .
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aeolidia loui is a species of sea slugs , an aeolid nudibranch , a marine gastropod mollusc in the family aeolidiidae .

it has been regarded as the same species as the ne atlantic aeolidia papillosa but is now known to be a distinct species .

aeolidia loui

california all the california material from the paper ended up being a . loui , so if you choose accept their level of sampling from this region , i guess you would call californian slugs a . loui , but see the caveats below .
but a . papillosa , a . filomenae and a . loui all have relatively smooth cerata . check this photo by gary mcdonald : urltoken
bertsch , hans . 1974 . descriptive study of aeolidia papillosa with scanning electron micrographs of the radula . the tabulata ( santa barbara malacological society ) 7 ( 1 ) : 3 - 6 .
kienberger et al . ( 2016 ) have split aeolidia papillosa into at least three species based on molecular and morphological evidence . they can be roughly separated geographically , as shown in this figure from the paper :
aeolidia papillosa ( linnaeus , 1761 ) is a well - known aeolidiid species that has been reported to have a worldwide distribution in cold–temperate waters , mainly from the northern hemisphere . molecular tools have recently shown that most . . . more
the abstract and figures are on researchgate . the map with the distribution of a . papillosa , a . loui and a . filomenae should be clarifying for those not too familiar with nudibranchs . urltoken
sorry , i meant to say the rhinophores . separating loui from papillosa seems to hinge on that , if i ' m reading the paper correctly . i ' m looking for something to compare with urltoken
oregon a . papillosa : rhinophores relatively smooth , may appear rough but not warty ( photos from russia , norway , but also see this rather warty individual from british columbia ) . a . loui : rhinophores obviously warty ( photo ) .
kienberger , karen , leila carmona , marta pola , vinicius padula , terrence m . gosliner & juan lucas cervera . 2016 . aeolidia papillosa ( linnaeus , 1761 ) ( mollusca : heterobranchia : nudibranchia ) , single species or a cryptic species complex ? a morphological and molecular study . zoological journal of the linnean society 177 : 481 - 506 .
looking at alexander semenov ' s photos , i think we can call those rhinophores
textured
or
rough
but not
warty
: urltoken so i guess distribution and the warts on the rhinophores make good criteria to identify the observations of a . loui .
ian smith did a first draft on visually distinguish a . papillosa from a . filomenae in the overlapping areas ( uk , ireland , atlantic coast of france and the netherlands ) : urltoken @ n08 / 27695072175 / observations for the iberian peninsula should all be a . filomenae . observations for the nw atlantic should all be a . papillosa . observations for the n pacific in the sea of okhotsk , bering sea and alaska , british columbia and washington should all be a . papillosa . observations for california should all be a . loui ( oregon is likely to have a . papillosa and a . loui overlapping ) .
kienberger k . , carmona l . , pola m . , padula v . , gosliner t . m . & cervera j . l . ( 2016 ) . aeolidia papillosa ( linnaeus , 1761 ) ( mollusca : heterobranchia : nudibranchia ) , single species or a cryptic species complex ? a morphological and molecular study . zoological journal of the linnean society . 177 : 481 - 506 . , available online at urltoken page ( s ) : 499 [ details ]
for example , here ' s an observation from northern california that certainly isn ' t
covered by irregular warts
as kienberger et al . describe a . loui in their paper : urltoken . if those individuals look like what kienberger describe as a . papillosa , then i ' d like to make sure californians know to be on the lookout for a . papillosa sensu stricto and check those rhinophores .
i now realized you meant rhinophores and not cerata . i ' m not sure if ian ' s suggestion on the warty / smooth rhinophores distinguishing a . loui from a . papillosa is valid . check this photo of a . papillosa by alexander semenov ( from russia ) : urltoken and i was looking at details of my photos of a . filomenae and although they may be less warty , they do show some small papillae .
kienberger , carmona , pola , padula , gosliner & cervera , 2016 . accessed through : world register of marine species at : urltoken ; = 880372 on 2018 - 07 - 09
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during the past decade or so , dna - based research from multiple laboratories ( including those of juan lucas cervera , ángel valdés and terry gosliner ) has resulted in numerous taxonomic changes to the heterobranch fauna of the eastern pacific and elsewhere . the majority of these studies have re - examined species with wide or even disjunct distribution patterns , resulting in specimens from previously - identified species now considered species in their own right . this is a case in point .
( linnaeus , 1761 ) had traditionally been known as a single , wide - ranging species in the northern hemisphere and from chile . shallow water specimens from california were assigned to this species ( marcus , 1961 ; macfarland , 1966 ) , and deep water specimens were considered
. kienberger et al . ( 2016 ) have shown that these animals are actually part of a species complex of sibling species . the chilean species is
( kienberger et al . , 2016 ) occurs in the northeast atlantic from scotland to portugal . the amphiboreal
is restricted to the northern atlantic and northern pacific . in the northeast pacific it ranges from cook inlet , alaska , to washington . both
have papillate ( or rugose ) rhinophores ; the other three species have smooth rhinophores .
alaska ; see behrens , 2004 : 26 ) . kienberger et al . ( 2016 ) reported the distribution of
from cape arago , oregon , to san diego , california ( type locality , duxbury reef , central california ) . steve gardner’s images in bow 407 from la jolla shores are of
is rather variable , ranging from translucent white to bright orange or brown . there are opaque white marks on the dorsum ; some may be covered with light - ochre or brown spots / flecks . distinguishing this species from the other shallow water species of
are the rugose , warty rhinophores , and the bristly , flattened cerata , which are broader at their base . bertsch ( 1974 ) published the first sems
differs from its deep - water californian congener by possessing a cleioproctic , not pleuroproctic , anus .
behrens , david w . 2004 . pacific coast nudibranchs , supplement ii . new species to the pacific coast and new information on the oldies . proceedings california academy of sciences 55 ( 2 ) : 11 - 54 .
bergh , rudolph . 1894 . reports on the dredging operations off the west coast of central america to the galapagos , to the west coast of mexico , and in the gulf of california , in charge of alexander agassiz , carried on by the u . s . fish commission steamer “albatross , ” during 1891 , lieut . commander z . l . tanner , u . s . n . , commanding . xiii . die opisthobranchien . bulletin of the museum of comparative zoology at harvard college 25 ( 10 ) : 125 - 233 .
bertsch , hans & luis e . aguilar rosas . 2016 . invertebrados marinos del noroeste de méxico / marine invertebrates of northwest mexico . instituto de investigaciones oceanológicas , uabc , ensenada , xxxii + 432 pp .
cunningham , robert oliver . 1871 . notes on the reptiles , amphibia , fishes , mollusca , and crustacea obtained during the voyage of m . s . “nassau” in the years 1866 - 69 . transactions linnean society london 27 : 465 - 502 .
gosliner , terrence m . & david w . 1996 . two new species of nudibranch mollusks from the gulf of the farallones and cordell bank national marine sanctuaries , central california . the veliger 39 ( 3 ) : 348 - 353 .
linnaeus , carolus . 1871 . fauna svecica sistens animalia sveciae regni , ed . 2 . stockholm . 578 pp .
macfarland , frank mace . 1966 . studies of opisthobranchiate mollusks of the pacific coast of north america . memoirs of the california academy of sciences 6 : 1 - 546 .
marcus , ernst . 1961 . opisthobranch mollusks from california . the veliger 3 ( supplement ) : 1 - 85 .
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observations from the iberian peninsula should all be a . filomenae . observations from the nw atlantic should all be a . papillosa . observations from the n pacific in the sea of okhotsk , bering sea and alaska , british columbia and washington should all be a . papillosa . observations from chile should all be a . campbellii .
northern europe see ian smith ' s breakdown , but briefly : a . filmonae : cerata flattened , broader at the base a . papillosa : cerata not flattened , uniform diameter until tip .
the ambiguity left by the authors means i can no longer id any of these slugs to species without a dna sequencer or dissection , so i will regretfully just be re - identifying all my own observations to genus level . however , that ' s just my opinion . the paper ' s taxonomic changes have been accepted by worms so we accept them here on inat too . use your own judgement in updating your own data .
do you have a good pic of the cerata of a . papillosa sensu stricto showing that they are relatively smooth ?
unfortunately a . papillosa doesn ' t occur around these parts , only a . filomenae . and even then . . . i know of only about half a dozen observations here in portugal in the past 15 years , two of them by me .
cool , thanks for that pic . the rhinophore texture may or may not be valid , but it is something kienberger et al . point out , so i am just trying to communicate what they wrote for people who don ' t have access to their closed - access paper . imo , all pics i can find show somewhat papillose rhinophores , but there does seem to be a difference in degree between californian specimens like urltoken and photos like urltoken .
i think the shallow warts on a . papillosa ( even in alexander semenov ' s photo ) and a . filomenae are definitely smoother than the relatively conspicuous papillae of gary ' s photo . let me see if i can find some photos from norway and sweden . christian skauge must have some , surely .
sigh , and here ' s a really warty one from british columbia : urltoken . i ' m becoming less and less satisfied with this paper . if there are no macroscopic , external morphological differences , i wish they had just said so .
i was trying to remember a case of a species which sometimes appeared to have ringed rhinophores , other smooth and even warty . went to christian ' s website and voilá , a flabellina pedata which appears to have warty rhinophores . . . although often described as smooth : urltoken
we report eulima panamensis ( bartsch , 1917 ) ( gastropoda : eulimidae ) for the first time in indian waters . the morphological characters , species description and its distribution are presented in this paper .
this paper describes and provides information on the species of the genus conus ( neogastropoda : conidae ) preserved in the laboratorio de biología y sistemática de invertebrados marinos de la facultad de ciencias biológicas ( labsim ) y el . . . more
contina , a new name for the genus vacekia conti & szabó , 1989 ( mollusca : gastropoda ) , preoccupied by vacekia buckman , 1904 ( mollusca : ammonoidea ) .
a case of homonymy between the genera vacekia buckman , 1904 and vacekia conti & szabó , 1989 has been highlighted . vacekia buckman , 1904 ( p . 156 ) is an ammonite ranging from the upper toarcian ( aalensis zone ) to the middle aalenian . . . more
we describe a new fossil littorinid species , echinolittorina nielseni sp . nov . , from the quaternary caldera strata , región de atacama , northern chile . fossils of littorinids are globally rare because of their high - intertidal habitat on . . . more
hermaea bifida ( montagu , 1815 ) is the most widespread of the species of hermaea lovén , 1844 known in the eastern atlantic . its distribution ranges from sweden to spain and the mediterranean sea . in europe , any translucent hermaeidae with . . . more
the bulimulid genus bostryx troschel , 1847 is the most species - rich genus of land snails found in chile , with the majority of its species found only in the northern part of the country , usually in arid coastal zones . this genus has been . . . more
a new member of troglobitic carychiidae , koreozospeum nodongense gen . sp . n . ( gastropoda , eupulmonata , ellobioidea ) is described from korea
a new genus of troglobitic carychiidae jeffreys , 1830 is designated from nodong cave , north chungcheong province , danyang , south korea . this remarkable find represents a great range extension and thus , a highly distant distribution of . . . more
gastropoda adalah salah satu kelas moluska yang sangat mudah ditemukan di ekosistem mangrove . di ekosistem ini , gastropoda berperan dalam membantu proses dekomposisi serasah . informasi tentang struktur komunitas gastropoda pada ekosistem . . . more
gastropoda adalah salah satu kelas moluska yang sangat mudah ditemukan di ekosistem mangrove . di ekosistem ini , gastropoda berperan dalam membantu proses dekomposisi serasah . informasi tentang struktur komunitas gastropoda pada ekosistem mangrove di kawasan desa parang belum ada , sehingga perlu adanya kajian tentang struktur komunitas gastropoda di kawasan tersebut sebagai acuan untuk pengelolaan . pada bulan juni - desember 2012 telah dilakukan penelitian tentang struktur komunitas gastropoda di kawasan desa parang . hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa di ekosistem mangrove kawasan desa parang ditemukan 29 jenis dari 16 famili gastropoda . kelimpahan rata - rata gastropoda berkisar antara 2 , 10–18 , 85 ind / m 2 . indeks keanekaragaman berkisar antara 0 , 35–1 , 45 yang termasuk dalam kategori rendah sampai sedang . nilai indeks keseragaman masuk dalam kategori rendah sampai tinggi dengan nilai berkisar antara 0 , 12–0 , 62 dan kisaran indeks dominasi antara 0 , 50–0 , 84 masuk dalam kategori terdapat spesies yang mendominasi . littoraria scabra adalah jenis gastropoda yang mendominasi di ekosistem mangrove kawasan desa parang .
new samples of freshwater molluscs collected by the second author in the east mediterranean region of turkey revealed three new species of the genus pseudamnicola paulucci , 1878 , i . e . , p . goksunensis n . sp . , p . merali n . sp . , and p . . . . more
new samples of freshwater molluscs collected by the second author in the east mediterranean region of turkey revealed three new species of the genus pseudamnicola paulucci , 1878 , i . e . , p . goksunensis n . sp . , p . merali n . sp . , and p . marashi n . sp . descriptions and photos of the species as well as the type localities are presented .
the influence of quarternary glacial cycles on the extant diversity of holarctic species has been intensively studied . it has been hypothesized that palaeoclimatic changes are responsible for divergence events in lineages . a constant . . . more
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( linnaeus , 1761 ) ( mollusca : heterobranchia : nudibranchia ) , single species or a cryptic species complex ? a morphological and molecular study .
the first janolus fuscus ( white - and - orange - tipped nudibranch ) i ' ve ever found , just about 1 . 5
long .
found in a tide pool , under a giant rock . i ' ve also seen green ones hiding inside kelp .


agaronia acuminata , common name the pointed ancilla , is a species of sea snail , a marine gastropod mollusk in the family olividae , the olives .

agaronia acuminata

agaronia acuminata by lambert m . surhone , mariam t . tennoe , susan f . henssonow
( of agaronia acuminata acuminata ( lamarck , 1811 ) ) vervaet f . & recourt p . pers . com . , january 2010 [ details ]
olividae » agaronia acuminata , id : 178115 , shell detail « shell encyclopedia , conchology , inc .
a new javan species of agaronia gray , 1839 ( neogastropoda , olividae ) .
( pdf ) a new javan species of agaronia gray , 1839 ( neogastropoda , olividae ) .
( of agaronia acuminata acuminata ( lamarck , 1811 ) ) lamarck [ j . b . m . de ] . ( 1811 ) . suite de la détermination des espèces de mollusques testacés . annales du muséum national d ' histoire naturelle . 16 : 300 - 328 . , available online at urltoken page ( s ) : page 323 , species 48 . [ details ]
agaronia ( anazola ) acuminata boavistensis ( burnay & conceição , 1986 ) live taken , fine + + + , small nick on the lip ; beautiful ! ; 20 . 4 mm ; cape verde islands , boavista , praia de cabral ; scuba diving at 6 - 8m . ; july 2013 . [ oli116 ]
a new species of olivid neogastropod from west java , agaronia johnabbasi sp . nov . , is described according to conchological characters . it is distinguished from congeners by means of its distinctive morphology and colouration .
teso v . & pastorino g . ( 2011 ) a revision of the genus olivancillaria ( mollusca : olividae ) from the southwestern atlantic . zootaxa 2889 : 1–34 . [ details ]
lamarck [ j . b . m . de ] . ( 1811 ) . suite de la détermination des espèces de mollusques testacés . annales du muséum national d ' histoire naturelle . 16 : 300 - 328 . , available online at urltoken page ( s ) : page 323 , species 48 . [ details ]
burnay & conceicao ( 1986 ) . contribuicao para o estudo da fauna malacológica do arquipélago de cabo verde . familia olividae ( mollusca : gastropoda ) . urltoken orta sér . zool . 2 ( 1 - 2 ) page 25 - 39 , tav . 1 - 6 . [ details ]
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teso v . & pastorino g . ( 2011 ) a revision of the genus < i > olivancillaria < / i > ( mollusca : olividae ) from the southwestern atlantic . < i > zootaxa < / i > 2889 : 1–34 .
vervaet f . & recourt p . pers . com . , january ( 2010 ) vervaet f . & recourt p . pers . com . , january 2010
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the star system calculates the number of pieces that were handled by conchology , inc . in the last 15 years :
we want to point out that the star system is only very reliable for philippine shells only , as we handle very few foreign shells in general . as time goes , the system will become more and more performant .
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st . thomas and principe islands . sao tome . northwest of lagoa azul . in sand . october 2014 .
from quite to the south and offshore , highly selected , these are fine + to gem .
© 1996 - 2018 guido t . poppe & philippe poppe - conchology , inc . ( 0 . 001 seconds . )
shell gallery view « shell encyclopedia , conchology , inc . » conchological megadatabase on mollusks
click on an image to view all the information : family , species , author , date , and full locality .
© 1996 - 2018 guido t . poppe & philippe poppe - conchology , inc . ( 3 . 822 seconds . )
senegal . casamance . from fisherman , trawled on a sand bottom . 1990 .
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urn : lsid : catalogueoflife . org : taxon : 322c1faa - 4e2c - 11e8 - 9ed0 - fa163e792e6e : col20180626
urn : lsid : catalogueoflife . org : taxon : 322fc869 - 4e2c - 11e8 - 9ed0 - fa163e792e6e : col20180626
urn : lsid : catalogueoflife . org : taxon : 322fc9b6 - 4e2c - 11e8 - 9ed0 - fa163e792e6e : col20180626
urn : lsid : catalogueoflife . org : taxon : 32336b46 - 4e2c - 11e8 - 9ed0 - fa163e792e6e : col20180626
urn : lsid : catalogueoflife . org : taxon : 325e44fa - 4e2c - 11e8 - 9ed0 - fa163e792e6e : col20180626
urn : lsid : catalogueoflife . org : taxon : 32634421 - 4e2c - 11e8 - 9ed0 - fa163e792e6e : col20180626
urn : lsid : catalogueoflife . org : taxon : 38483098 - 4e2c - 11e8 - 9ed0 - fa163e792e6e : col20180626
bieler r . bouchet p . dijkstra h . faber m . finn j . garcia - alvarez o . gofas s . la perna r . marshall b . moretzsohn f . neubauer t . a . rosenberg g . sartori a . f . schneider s . taylor j . ter poorten j . j . & vos c . ( eds ) . ( 2018 ) . worms mollusca : molluscabase ( version 2018 - 06 - 06 ) . in : roskov y . , abucay l . , orrell t . , nicolson d . , bailly n . , kirk p . m . , bourgoin t . , dewalt r . e . , decock w . , de wever a . , nieukerken e . van , zarucchi j . , penev l . , eds . ( 2018 ) . species 2000 & itis catalogue of life , 30th june 2018 . digital resource at urltoken species 2000 : naturalis , leiden , the netherlands . issn 2405 - 8858 .
urn : lsid : catalogueoflife . org : taxon : 9732ef74 - 4e2c - 11e8 - 9ed0 - fa163e792e6e : col20180626
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olividae a semi - precious family with about 400 species , subspecies and forms . olividae thank their success among collectors to the high brilliance of the shells and to the large degree of variability within one species . their taxonomy is difficult and the nomenclature chaotic . because members of the genus oliva , apart from a few exceptions , all live in shallow water , usually in colonies . very popular among collectors are large porphyria and rubrolabiata .
© 1996 - 2018 guido t . poppe & philippe poppe - conchology , inc . ( 0 . 055 seconds . )
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nov . , is described according to conchological characters . it is distinguished from congeners by
west java , in late 2009 , at a depth of about 60m . their
size as two of the paratypes ( figs 7 - 8 ) . a closer
pp . i - v + 1 - 154 + a1 - a4 + 29 pl . virginia ( coastal
( röding , 1798 ) , east pangandaran bay , java , indonesia , 31mm ( juvenile ) .
classification of the caenogastropoda and heterostropha—a list of the family - group names and higher taxa . mala - cological review
sterba , g . h . w . , 2004 . olividae a collectors guide . pp . 1 - 172 . hackenheim ( conchbooks ) .
paratype 1 , dpc r . ga1000 , 41mm ; 5 - 6 . paratype 4 , nmnh unreg
holotype , mnhn 23267 , 38mm ; 3 - 4 . paratype 1 , dpc r . ga1000 , 41mm ; 5 - 6 . paratype 4 , nmnh unreg . , 31mm .
olsson , a . a . , 1956 . studies on the genus olivella . proceedings of the academy of natural sciences of philadelphia , 108 : 155 - 225 .
new caribbean molluscan faunas . pp . i - v + 1 - 154 + a1 - a4 + 29 pl
petuch , e . j . , 1987 . new caribbean molluscan faunas . pp . i - v + 1 - 154 + a1 - a4 + 29 pl . virginia ( coastal education and research foundation ) .
studies on alien and invasive species of molluscs in the maltese islands , with a particular focus on lessepsian immigrant bivalves and non - marine gastropods .
a new species of chloritis beck , 1837 ( pulmonata : camaenidae ) from sulawesi , indonesia .
the camaenid pulmonate chloritis johannisi n . sp . is described from the island of peleng , sulawesi , indonesia , by means of conchological characteristics . it can be distinguished from the sympatric congener chloritis gruneri by the presence of periostracal hair and from the similar chloritis talabensis by size , colour , hair density and whorl number .
description of a new species of amphidromus albers , 1850 from sumba , indonesia ( gastropoda pulmonata . . .
the camaenid amphidromus ( syndromus ) iunior n . sp . from an isolated forest in the east of sumba island in the indonesian archipelago is described . its closest named relative is amphidromus ( syndromus ) abbasi chan et tan , 2010 , and some conchological features are common for both species . however , the new species is smaller , with consistent differences in shell thickness , pattern and pigmentation .
on the presence of the alien freshwater gastropod ferrissia fragilis ( tryon , 1863 ) ( gastropoda : plan . . .
an established population of the north - american freshwater gastropod ferrissia fragilis ( tryon , 1863 ) is recorded from the island of malta ( central mediterranean ) for the first time . this population was found in an anthropogenic habitat at the northeast of malta . ferrissia fragilis is an invader of several freshwater habitats throughout europe and beyond . if released into the wild , it could . . . [ show full abstract ]
contributions to the malacology of malta , iii : first record of planorbella duryi ( wetherby , 1879 ) ( g . . .
the freshwater and allochthonous species planorbella duryi ( wetherby , 1879 ) ( gastropoda planorbidae ) ( = helisoma duryi wetherby , 1879 ) is reported from the island of comino ( maltese archipelago ) . this is the first record of a freshwater species and also of an allochthonous species for the third largest island of the maltese archipelago .
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the red-vented barbet ( psilopogon lagrandieri ) is a species of bird in the family megalaimidae .

it is found in cambodia , laos and vietnam .

its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical moist montane forests .

red - vented barbet

select an image : 1 . red - vented barbet 2 . red - vented barbet 3 . red - vented barbet
red - vented barbet ( psilopogon lagrandieri ) is a species of bird in the megalaimidae family .
c . 29–34 cm . large , green to bronzy - green barbet . both sexes of nominate race with head mostly brown , greyish on sides and throat , blue line over eye ; red undertail - . . .
short , l . l . & horne , j . f . m . ( 2018 ) . red - vented barbet ( psilopogon lagrandieri ) . in : del hoyo , j . , elliott , a . , sargatal , j . , christie , d . a . & de juana , e . ( eds . ) . handbook of the birds of the world alive . lynx edicions , barcelona . ( retrieved from urltoken on 9 july 2018 ) .
thank you for taking the time to provide feedback on the iucn red list of threatened species website , we are grateful for your input .
this article is part of project megalaimidae , a all birds project that aims to write comprehensive articles on each asian barbet , including made - up species .
recommended citation birdlife international ( 2018 ) species factsheet : psilopogon lagrandieri . downloaded from urltoken on 09 / 07 / 2018 . recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species : birdlife international ( 2018 ) iucn red list for birds . downloaded from urltoken on 09 / 07 / 2018 .
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del hoyo , j . , collar , n . j . , christie , d . a . , elliott , a . and fishpool , l . d . c . 2014 . hbw and birdlife international illustrated checklist of the birds of the world . volume 1 : non - passerines . lynx edicions birdlife international , barcelona , spain and cambridge , uk .
psilopogon lagrandieri ( del hoyo and collar 2014 ) was previously placed in the genus megalaima .
justification : this species has a very large range , and hence does not approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the range size criterion ( extent of occurrence < 20 , 000 km2 combined with a declining or fluctuating range size , habitat extent / quality , or population size and a small number of locations or severe fragmentation ) . the population trend appears to be stable , and hence the species does not approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the population trend criterion ( > 30 % decline over ten years or three generations ) . the population size has not been quantified , but it is not believed to approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the population size criterion ( < 10 , 000 mature individuals with a continuing decline estimated to be > 10 % in ten years or three generations , or with a specified population structure ) . for these reasons the species is evaluated as least concern .
the global population size has not been quantified , but the species is reported to be uncommon to locally common ( del hoyo et al . 2002 ) . trend justification : the population is suspected to be stable in the absence of evidence for any declines or substantial threats .
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allied to p . virens , but not particularly closely . races not particularly well defined . two subspecies currently recognized .
j . p . verreaux , 1868 – s laos , e cambodia and s vietnam .
loud song or call of “kyaa” , “kyow” or “yowt” notes , singly , or . . .
evergreen and semi - evergreen forest ; occurs in lowlands and on forested slopes and ridges , to 2100 . . .
eats fruits such as figs , and insects , but details poorly known . food carried to nestlings in s vietnam included fleshy fruits ( mainly
data from specimens suggest season jan–jul . male and female of pair probably sing together in territorial formation or maintenance ; . . .
not globally threatened ( least concern ) . uncommon to common ; often one of commonest barbets in its rather limited range , where it appears to be widespread . this species . . .
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replaces megalaima ; recent study found psilopogon to be nested within megalaima # r and former has priority . incorporates xantholaema and mesobucco .
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this species has a very large range , and hence does not approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the range size criterion ( extent of occurrence < 20 , 000 km2 combined with a declining or fluctuating range size , habitat extent / quality , or population size and a small number of locations or severe fragmentation ) . the population trend appears to be stable , and hence the species does not approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the population trend criterion ( > 30 % decline over ten years or three generations ) . the population size has not been quantified , but it is not believed to approach the thresholds for vulnerable under the population size criterion ( < 10 , 000 mature individuals with a continuing decline estimated to be > 10 % in ten years or three generations , or with a specified population structure ) . for these reasons the species is evaluated as least concern .
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