dolichoderus ypsilon is a species of ant in the genus dolichoderus .

described by forel in 1902 , the species is found in areas in western australia in australia .

dolichoderus ypsilon

the above specimen data are provided by antweb . please see dolichoderus ypsilon for further details
: 259 - worker ; type locality : albany [ 35 / 117 ] , western australia ( dolichoderus ( hypoclinea ) ypsilon rufotibialis ) .
combination in dolichoderus ( hypoclinea ) : emery , 1913a pdf : 13 ; in dolichoderus ( diceratoclinea ) : wheeler , 1935c pdf : 69 .
clark , j . ( 1930 ) the australian ants of the genus dolichoderus ( formicidae ) . subgenus hypoclinea mayr . australian zoologist , 6 , 252–268 .
clark , j . 1930b . the australian ants of the genus dolichoderus ( formicidae ) . sugenus hypoclinea mayr . aust . zool . 6 : 252 - 268 ( page 258 , raised to species )
clark , j . 1930b . 1930 293 the australian ants of the genus dolichoderus ( formicidae ) , subgenus hypoclinea mayr . australian zoologist 6 : 252 - 268 ( 20 . viii . 1930 ) .
cavill , g . w . k . & hinterberger , h . ( 1960a ) the chemistry of ants . iv . terpenoid constituents of some dolichoderus and iridomyrmex species . australian journal of chemistry , 13 , 514–519 . urltoken
shattuck , s . o . & marsden , s . 2013 . australian species of the ant genus dolichoderus ( hymenoptera : formicidae ) . zootaxa 3716 , 101–143 ( doi 10 . 11646 / zootaxa . 3716 . 2 . 1 ) .
dazzini valcurone , m . & fanfani , a . ( 1982 ) nouve formazioni glandolari del gastro in dolichoderus ( hypoclinea ) doriae em . ( formicidae , dolichoderinae ) . pubblicazioni dell ' istituto di entomologia agraria dell ' università di pavia , 19 , 1–18 .
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andré , e . ( 1896 ) fourmis nouvelles d ' asie et d ' australie . revue d ' entomologie ( caen ) , 15 , 251–265 .
blum , m . s . & hermann , h . r . ( 1978 ) venoms and venom apparatuses of the formicidae : dolichoderinae and aneuretinae . handbuch der experimentellen pharmakologie , 48 , 871–894 . urltoken
cavill , g . w . k . & hinterberger , h . ( 1960b ) dolichoderine ant extractives . in : pavan , m . & eisner , t . ( eds . ) , xi . internationaler kongress für entomologie . wien 1960 . verhandlungen . band iii . symposium 3 , symposium 4 . istituto di entomologia agraria dell ' università di pavia , pavia , pp . 53–59 .
clark , j . ( 1934 ) new australian ants . memoirs of the national museum of victoria , 8 , 21–47 .
crawley , w . c . ( 1922 ) new ants from australia ( concluded from vol . ix . p . 449 ) . annals and magazine of natural history , ( 9 ) 10 , 16–36 . urltoken
crozier , r . h . ( 1970 ) karyotypes of twenty - one ant species ( hymenoptera : formicidae ) , with reviews of the known ant karyotypes . canadian journal of genetics and cytology , 12 , 109–128 . urltoken
don , w . ( 2007 ) ants of new zealand . otaga university press , dunedin , new zealand , 239 pp .
emery , c . ( 1887 ) catalogo delle formiche esistenti nelle collezioni del museo civico di genova . parte terza . formiche della regione indo - malese e dell ' australia . [ part ] . annali del museo civico di storia naturale , 24 , 209–240 .
fanfani , a . & dazzini valcurone , m . ( 1991 ) metapleural glands of some dolichoderinae ants . ethology ecology and evolution special issue , 1 , 95–98 . urltoken
forel , a . ( 1902 ) fourmis nouvelles d ' australie . revue suisse de zoologie , 10 , 405–548 .
forel , a . ( 1907 ) formicidae . in : michaelsen , w . & hartmeyer , r . ( eds . ) , die fauna südwest - australiens . vol . 1 . jena , g . fischer , pp . 263–310 .
forel , a . ( 1915 ) results of dr . e . mjöbergs swedish scientific expeditions to australia 1910 - 13 . 2 . ameisen . arkiv för zoologi , 9 ( 16 ) , 1–119 . urltoken
freeland , j . , crozier , r . h . & marc , j . ( 1982 ) on the occurrence of arolia in ant feet . journal of the australian entomological society , 21 , 257–262 . urltoken
heterick , b . e . ( 2009 ) a guide to the ants of south - western australia . records of the western australian museum supplement , 76 , 1–206 .
imai , h . t . , crozier , r . h . & taylor , r . w . ( 1977 ) karyotype evolution in australian ants . chromosoma ( berlin ) , 59 , 341–393 . urltoken
lowne , b . t . ( 1865 ) contributions to the natural history of australian ants . entomologist , 2 , 331–336 .
mann , w . m . ( 1916 ) the stanford expedition to brazil , 1911 , john c . branner , director . the ants of brazil . bulletin of the museum of comparative zoology , 60 , 399–490 .
mayr , g . ( 1876 ) die australischen formiciden . journal des museum godeffroy , 12 , 56–115 .
mcareavey , j . ( 1949 ) australian formicidae . new genera and species . proceedings of the linnean society of new south wales , 74 , 1–25 .
roger , j . ( 1862 ) einige neue exotische ameisen - gattungen und arten . berliner entomologische zeitschrift , 6 , 233–254 . urltoken santschi , f . ( 1916 ) deux nouvelles fourmis d ' australie . bulletin de la société entomologique de france , 1916 , 174–175 .
wheeler , g . c . & wheeler , j . ( 1951 ) the ant larvae of the subfamily dolichoderinae . proceedings of the entomological society of washington , 53 , 169–210 .
wheeler , g . c . & wheeler , j . ( 1966 ) ant larva of the subfamily dolichoderinae : supplement . annals of the entomological society of america , 59 , 726–732 .
wheeler , g . c . & wheeler , j . ( 1974 ) ant larvae of the subfamily dolichoderinae : second supplement ( hymenoptera : formicidae ) . pan - pacific entomologist , 49 , 396–401 .
wheeler , w . m . ( 1934 ) contributions to the fauna of rottnest island , western australia . no . ix . the ants . journal of the royal society of western australia , 20 , 137–163 .
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raised to species : forel , 1907j pdf : 284 ; clark , 1930b pdf : 258 .
see also : shattuck & marsden , 2013 pdf : 140 , fig . 27 .
2 times found in native veg . , rural environ . , 0 times found in banksia / agonis woodland , white soil , 1 times found in mixed native / exotic veg . , rural environ . , 0 times found in state forest .
2 times soil , 1 times tree - trunk , 0 times on ground .
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this species is restricted to south - west western australia . the male was described by forel ( 1907 ) .
pronotum rounded , lacking spines ; propodeum with elongate spines directed upward at angle of 45° or less to horizontal plane , the angle between them at least 90° ; dorsum of petiolar node angular , base of propodeal spines forming a
v
with a narrowly rounded angle connecting their bases ; legs entirely light red or orange .
the following information is derived from barry bolton ' s new general catalogue , a catalogue of the world ' s ants .
: forel , 1915b : 76 . raised to species : forel , 1907h : 284 ; clark , 1930b : 258 .
clark ( 1930 ) - black . legs and spines red , mandibles and coxae darker red .
shining . head punctate , the punctures shallow , the spaces between them finely reticulate . pronotum and mesonotum with somewhat similar punctures , but more scattered . top of the node coarsely rugose . gaster microscopically punctate .
hair yellow , long and erect , abundant throughout , shorter and suberect on the antennae and legs . pubescence very fine and adpressed on the antennae , coxae and legs , longer and more abundant on the gaster , where it forms a yellowish clothing , not hiding the sculpture .
shattuck and marsden ( 2013 ) - generally similar but with legs more yellow ( slightly less red ) in some individuals . also , a few specimens have the sculpturing on the mesosomal dorsum reduced medially , this region being nearly smooth .
measurements ( n = 5 ) . ci 92–96 ; ei 20–25 ; el 0 . 21–0 . 29 ; hl 1 . 14–1 . 29 ; hw 1 . 05–1 . 22 ; ml 1 . 60–1 . 81 ; mtl 0 . 95–1 . 15 ; proni 69 . 93–74 . 15 ; pronw 0 . 76–0 . 90 ; si 109–118 ; sl 1 . 22–1 . 36 .
clark ( 1930 ) - yellowish red , gaster darker , apical segments brown .
opaque . scutellum , epinotum , node and gaster more or less shining . head and mesonotum very finely reticulate and with some very shallow scattered punctures .
hair yellow , erect , abundant throughout . pubescence whitish , hardly apparent , except on the antennae and legs .
emery , c . 1913a [ 1912 ] . hymenoptera . fam . formicidae . subfam . dolichoderinae . genera insectorum 137 : 1 - 50 ( page 13 , combination in d . ( hypoclinea ) )
forel , a . 1902j . fourmis nouvelles d ' australie . rev . suisse zool . 10 : 405 - 548 ( page 461 , worker described )
forel , a . 1907j . formicidae . in : michaelsen , w . , hartmeyer , r . ( eds . ) die fauna südwest - australiens . band i , lieferung 7 . jena : gustav fischer , pp . 263 - 310 . ( page 284 , male described )
forel , a . 1907j . formicidae . in : michaelsen , w . , hartmeyer , r . ( eds . ) die fauna südwest - australiens . band i , lieferung 7 . jena : gustav fischer , pp . 263 - 310 . ( page 284 , raised to species )
forel , a . 1915b . results of dr . e . mjöbergs swedish scientific expeditions to australia 1910 - 13 . 2 . ameisen . ark . zool . 9 ( 1 16 : 1 - 119 ( page 76 , race of scabridus )
wheeler , w . m . 1935c . myrmecological notes . psyche ( camb . ) 42 : 68 - 72 ( page 69 , combination in d . ( diceratoclinea ) )
this page was last modified on 19 august 2017 , at 19 : 25 .
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hymenoptera name server , 10 - may - 2001 , website ( version 0 . 021 )
disclaimer : itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available , and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties . however , it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes . while every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and up - to - date information available , ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in provisions of treaties to which the united states is a party , wildlife statutes , regulations , and any applicable notices that have been published in the federal register . for further information on u . s . legal requirements with respect to protected taxa , please contact the u . s . fish and wildlife service .
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forel , a . 1902 ,
fourmis nouvelles d ' australie
, revue suisse de zoologie , vol . 10 , pp . 405 - 548
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : 1ec31f6d - 6f90 - 4683 - 82e0 - fdc6619c0f80
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : 29cd60e2 - fcb6 - 4b84 - 8fdd - 478c3e6c9ce5
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : 307ce5e7 - 3076 - 419c - b378 - e057ded67912
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : 3442bc97 - 7c20 - 4c48 - 8777 - 366d32ae8790
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : 5d07e23e - 8f39 - 4e94 - 9ef5 - 7117d13891e9
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : b1d7e7b7 - 83f9 - 49b7 - a957 - 6121aa65956f
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : b434c31a - d402 - 451b - 8069 - a9007b5b3f10
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : bb89d01d - 85df - 49ff - b198 - d1c8c7dd526c
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : ebe18303 - 4e46 - 4439 - 98d3 - ea02369b0b2c
urn : lsid : biodiversity . org . au : afd . taxon : 17381e7f - dca2 - 44f5 - a520 - aef936a38702
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emery , c . 1912b . 1912 519 hymenoptera fam . formicidae subfam . dolichoderinae in wytsman , p . ( ed . ) genera insectorum 137 1 - 50 , 2 pls .
forel , a . 1902b . 1902 689 fourmis nouvelles d ' australie . revue suisse de zoologie 10 : 405 - 548 .
forel , a . 1907a . 1907 734 formicidae . in michaelsen , w . and hartmeyer , r . , ( eds . ) die fauna s _ dwest - australien . band 1 lieferung 7 : 263 - 310 . jena : gustav fischer .
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midnight lute ( foaled may 13 , 2003 , in versailles , kentucky ) is an american thoroughbred racehorse .

he was named american champion sprint horse in 2007 .

midnight lute

midnight lute , midnight lucky ' s sire . | animals | pinterest | lute and animal
. . . both govenor charlie and midnight lucky are trained by the sire of midnight lute , bob baffert .
i doubt baffert sired midnight lute .
a chorus of midnight lute ' s progeny are drumming up wins across the country . last weekend , midnight lute ' s son
evans described his thought process when purchasing the dam of midnight lute , the unraced dehere mare candytuft .
midnight lute ' s female family is filled with a mix of american speed and italian stamina . his dam candytuft
baffert had teamed up to campaign midnight lute ' s sire real quiet to a heartbreaking triple crown miss in 1998 .
midnight lute , trained by bob baffert , won the 2007 breeders & # 39 ; cup sprint at churchil downs .
with a sunland park double in their derby and oaks , hill ‘n ' dale farm ' s young sire midnight lute scored successes that confound simple analysis of stallion potential and performance . the stallion ' s son govenor charlie won the sunland park derby by five lengths for owner - breeder mike pegram , and the midnight lute filly midnight lucky won the sunland park oaks by eight lengths for pegram , watson , and weitman , who also campaigned midnight lute . both are trained by bob baffert , as were midnight lute and his sire , real quiet .
the breeding of midnight lute is a fascinating study in what can be accomplished with modest amounts of money  and plenty of luck .
like the empire maker and the mares prospective foal for 2008 , midnight lute was a may foal , but that doesnt bother evans .
this entry was posted in bloodlines archive , bloodstock and tagged bob baffert , candytuft , govenor charlie , horse racing , lane ' s end weekender pedigree , midnight ballet , midnight lucky , midnight lute , mike pegram , real quiet , thoroughbred by frank mitchell . bookmark the permalink .
and the breeder has not ended his relationship with midnight lute , who has retired to stand at hill n dale for a $ 20 , 000 fee . evans said , i really like midnight lute as a stallion prospect , although i understand hes not by the hottest sire around .
six weeks ago , 3 - year - olds govenor charlie and midnight lucky both broke their maidens in impressive fashion at santa anita during the same weekend shakin it up provided midnight lute with his first graded stakes winner as a sire .
the lute society has the rarer instruments ( lute , cittern , bandora and wooden flutes ) for hire , and can supply sheet music . the lute parts are very hard , but after a couple of years of playing the lute you might well be able to manage the bandora parts without too much difficulty—ask to have a go on a bandora next time you go on a lute - based summer school !
scored victories in the sunland derby and oaks . both of them set new track records ; govenor charlie for 1 1 / 8 miles in 1”47 . 54 and midnight lucky for 1 1 / 16 miles in 1 : 41 . 06 . fittingly , both govenor charlie and midnight lucky are trained by the sire of midnight lute ,
midnight lute retired to stud at hill ' n ' dale farms in kentucky for a fee of $ 20k typical of a first year stallion , his fee was dropped to $ 15k after his initial season and remains steady . there was great demand for the good looking stallion and midnight lute sired 121 foals in his first crop .
her continued development , along with that of govenor charlie , shakin it up , and several other up - and - comers , such as stakes winner midnight ballet , sharp oaklawn winner big lute , and fair grounds - based mylute , will only enhance midnight lute’s stature in the coming months . mylute finished a game second to revolutionary in the louisiana derby on march 30 , and could be yet another member of midnight lute ' s first - crop brigade to resurface at churchill downs in five weeks .
shakin it up ( midnight lute - silverbulletmoon [ vindication ] ) : won the 7f g2 - san vicente but finished a distant 4th to govenor charlie in the sunland derby .
norman stables’ silent bird got his first graded stakes victory on saturday , holding off tough sunday by a head to win the grade 3 midnight lute . a 5 - year - old son of summer bird trained by mark glatt , silent bird donned blinkers for the first time in the midnight lute . jockey kent desormeaux moved him up the [ … ]
lexington , ky .  with an astonishing finish to win the six - furlong breeders cup sprint in 1 : 07 . 08 , midnight lute joined tiznow , miesque , da hoss , and lure as repeat winners of a breeders cup event . this is a special distinction for midnight lute because he is the first two - time winner of the sprint .
another take on the potential of midnight lute as a stallion comes from my associate at datatrack international , pedigree commentator robert fierro . he noted that , on the results of the stallion ' s biomechanical profile , “we loved midnight lute . his profile on one of our programs was very unusual for a horse his size , in that he matches nearly 50 percent of the mares in our test book . that is very unusual for a horse as big as midnight lute , ” who towers over man and beast at 17 hands - plus .
with only two crops on the track , it ' s a bit hard to take an actual account of his runners . but so far , midnight lute has gotten four really good runners :
marjac farms is rich and patti burke , who lived in louisville when midnight lute was born and now live in richmond , va . rich burke manages marjac capital partners , an investment company .
in 2008 , midnight lute raced only twice as a 5 - year - old , but did annex a second consecutive breeders’ cup sprint before retiring to stud at hill ‘n’ dale in lexington , ky . baffert said upon midnight lute’s retirement that the horse was the best he’d ever trained , and those who follow the popular conditioner’s @ midnightlute twitter account are reminded of that every time they receive a message from baffert .
a dead - heat winner of the midnight lute stakes ( g3 ) with solid wager at 6 1 / 2 furlongs new year ' s eve for trainer peter miller . the 5 - year - old gelding by
midnight oil taught me that citizens not only need a soundtrack for resistance , but we also need to resist .
i guess i have no brain . the good news is , thanks to midnight oil , i’ve got heart .
a final research project ( minimum 15 pages ) on the film adaptations of henry v or chimes at midnight .
baffert pegged midnight lute as a special horse from the start , but this is a story of “what might have been . ” standing 17 hands high , the muscular colt made his debut in late july of his two year old season . in what would become his typical running style , midnight lute was away from the gate slow , made a wide move on the outside and mowed down his competition in a powerful late run , getting up to win the six furlong race by 1 ¼ lengths . midnight lute was away from the races for a year , due to a throat issue , necessitating in surgery . this hampered the colt ' s ability to perform at longer distances .
his yearling average took a dip last year , which is not uncommon in this era as stallions move beyond their first crop at auction , but midnight lute was represented by a $ 230 , 000 juvenile at the recent barretts march selected two - year - olds in training sale . sikura is optimistic about the yearling auctions this summer , which may , based on recent evidence , come on the heels of several more graded stakes wins by midnight lute runners .
midnight lute ' s progeny are proving to be mid - season two year olds that improve with age . most carry their sire ' s looks and conformation . his offspring have won over dirt , turf , polytrack , cushion track and tapita from 5 ½ furlongs to 1 1 / 8 miles . we won ' t know how far midnight lute ' s babies will run until they actually prove it , however , given their two - turn conformation and the pedigree of their sire , it wouldn’t be far - fetched to see a son or daughter of midnight lute wearing a wreath of roses , stargazer lilies , black - eyed susans , carnations , or yellow and purple chrysanthemums very soon .
midnight lucky ( midnight lute - citiview [ city dancer ] ) : the star of the sunland derby card when she set a ntr and obliterated the field in the sunland oaks . a really dynamic filly that seems to be able to get any distance she will want to . really pretty mover and definitley a factor in the 3yo filly division this year .
as mentioned , midnight lute stands 17 hands high and is a long - bodied , muscular horse . it appears that he received his large , rangy frame from his second sire , quiet american , who himself stands 16 ½ hands high .
midnight lute stood for $ 20 , 000 in his initial season at hill ‘n’ dale , and according to farm president john g . sikura , he has been popular from the outset . baffert said in february after shakin it up’s win in the san vicente that he always felt midnight lute was at his core a longer - distance horse who , due to low lung capacity , was restricted to sprint races , and sikura echoed that opinion when discussing his potential as a stallion .
once back in training , midnight lute began to fulfill his potential during 2006 and early 2007 , winning a grade 3 event at seven furlongs and competing well in longer - distance graded stakes in california in january and february of 2007 . he suffered another health - related delay during early summer , but when he returned midnight lute was at the top of his game . he dominated both the forego stakes and the breeders’ cup sprint that fall , earning the eclipse award as champion sprinter .
following midnight lute , the breeders sent candytuft to gilded time to produce the stakes - placed tusculum road , and they caught the brass ring when selling the mares yearling by marias mon at the september sale this year for $ 900 , 000 .
to date , midnight lute has sired three stakes winners and 19 winners from 64 starters lifetime . he stands at the top of the second crop sire list in terms of earnings and is tied for first with number of stakes winners . as he did on the racetrack , midnight lute is out - performing a solid group of stallions at stud , which include two - time horse of the year curlin , kentucky derby winner big brown , international sensation henrythenavigator and the two year old champion war pass .
hill ‘n’ dale farms stallion midnight lute might have made his name on the racetrack as a top sprinter , but his first crop is swiftly remaking his reputation this spring as one of the most promising young sires of middle - distance runners in north america .
some of the english lute manuscripts make for satisfying self - contained musical programmes , and have attracted single - source recordings . some years ago anthony rooley made a record ( on the oiseau lyre label ) of the cozens lute book . more recently paul o’dette has made a cd from lord herbert of cherbury’s lute book ( harmonia mundi ) ; jacob heringman has made a cd from jane pickering’s lute book ( avie ) ; oswald hebermehl has made a disc from margaret board’s lute book ( amu records ) , and most recently liz kenny has made a cd flying horse , music of the ml lute book ( hyperion ) . from among the continental sources with quite a lot of english music , joachim held has made a cd of the schele ms ( hannsler ) .
one of the implications of midnight lute ' s results on his biomechanics is that it appeared he would get racers who would appreciate racing two turns , rather than simply sprinting , as many people would have expected from a racehorse who was “limited” to sprinting himself .
midnight lute ' s offspring are consistently showing that they appreciate the opportunity to mature and race distances of a mile , at least , and there is plenty of reason to expect that they will continue to improve at even longer distances as opportunities come to them .
govenor charlie ( midnight lute - silverbulletway [ storm cat ] ) : convincing winner of the g3 - sunland derby and a horse that will be vying for the lead in the kentucky derby . he has a slightly odd way of moving , but shows good early speed .
two noses shy of being unbeaten , trainer bill spawr’s midnight bisou put it all together on sunday at santa anita as she rolled to an emphatic 4 ½ length win in the grade ii , $ 200 , 000 santa ynez stakes . piloted by “big money” mike smith for the first time , the kentucky - bred daughter of midnight lute got seven furlongs in 1 : 23 . 40 while defeating [ … ]
although midnight lute showed his best form by clubbing his contemporaries with come from behind finishes at sprint distances , he did race successfully at longer distances , and his natural aptitude was clearly suitable for racing at longer distances from his size , scope , balance , and physical proportions .
lute manuscripts are as richly varied as the people who played from them . a recently discovered fragment in the westiminster abbey archive looks like a lesson of several pieces written out on a loose sheet of paper for a student ; the dallis lute book is a cambridge student’s workbook , from the very beginning of his lute studies ; the giles lodge book is the musical sketch book of musically semi - literate amateur , perhaps a schoolmaster ; jane pickering’s and margaret board’s lute books are the collections of more competent and serious amateur players ; lord herbert of cherbury’s lute book reveals a refined gentleman amateur who , by modern standards at least , would have been good enough to play professionally ; the welde lute book seems to have been written by a professional scribe , either speculatively or as a commission for a wealthy amateur lute player , while royal appendix 58 is a performing partbook and score , one of a set of partbooks in use in at court by multi - instrumentalist court musicians .
and what happened to charles dawes , the other midnight rider ? he also rode through the countryside warning the colonists of the oncoming british regulars .
given those connections , it was no surprise when pegram purchased midnight lucky for $ 220 , 000 at the fasig - tipton saratoga select yearling sale . a year and a half later , the filly has displayed a breathtaking degree of raw talent in only two races that may , in the end , make her the best of what is shaping up to be a very good , and possibly great , first crop for midnight lute .
but in addition to midnight lute , trackside has been co - breeder of english group 1 winner bahamian pirate , jim dandy winner strong hope , and other good racers , as well as raising and selling numerous graded or group stakes winners for foxfield , liberation farm , and other clients .
a resounding champion as a sprinter on the racetrack with victories at 4 and 5 in the grade 1 breeders ' cup sprint , midnight lute was not pedigreed to be a specialist sprinter , and his performance at stud has been in keeping with his bloodlines , more so than his racetrack performances .
potential favorite for the grade 1 kentucky oaks , midnight bisou breezed at santa anita park at about 4 : 30 a . m . on sunday morning . according to drf . com , the 3 - year - old daughter of midnight lute covered five furlongs in 1 : 01 . 60 under jockey martin pedroza . “she’s getting better , ” trainer bill spawr said . “she’s scary . her bodyweight is right . she’s confident in [ … ]
mylute ( midnight lute - stage stop [ valid expectations ] ) : not a stakes winner , but a 2nd in the g2 - louisiana derby gets him into the kentucky derby a week from today . seems to be a nice colt , but not entirely sure he ' s absolutely top quality .
the dark brown , nearly black , horse was bred by a trio who have emphasized quality over quantity in their breeding decisions . tom evans , marjac farms , and macon wilmil equine bred midnight lute in kentucky , where he was foaled and raised at the trackside farm of evans and pam clark .
midnight lute ' s second damsire blue times ( by olden times ) won two stakes races at 1 1 / 8 miles . his male line traces directly back to man o ' war through his greatest son war relic . blue times ' damsire was a lesser son of the claiborne foundation sire princequello .
the empire maker colt will be in a yearling sale next year . evans said , he is more similar to midnight lute than her other foals have been . he has that length to him , and you can see a lot of potential there . it will be fun watching him grow up .
as the ' 80s turned into the ' 90s , sincerity made way for irony and grunge and the midnight oils returned to the middle of the pack .
the lute society publishes five english facsimiles , with plans for many more , plus free transcriptions and / or photographs of some of the very minor sources .
pinhooked the following spring to the sales of juveniles in training in florida , midnight lute was an rna at $ 290 , 000 and sold after the auction . trainer bob baffert , who had selected real quiet at auction , was instrumental in the acquisition of the stallion ' s best racing son for pegram and partners .
christmas 1995 - midnight angel . a very attractive stamp with a dark blue starry background , a christmas angel , a christmas wreath , and bells . on… | pinteres…
midnight lute ( usa ) dkb / br . h , 2003 { 3 - j } dp = 4 - 5 - 5 - 2 - 0 ( 16 ) di = 2 . 56 cd = 0 . 69 - 13 starts , 6 wins , 3 places , 1 shows career earnings : $ 2 , 690 , 600
last and greatest , robert dowland’s varietie of lute lessons ( 1610 ) self - consciously presents a selection of some of the finest european lute music of its time ; it is available in facsimile from schott . in spite of the title , there is no beginner’s music here ; it represents something to work towards in your studies .
shrouded in controversy since his debut nearly four years ago , top sprinter masochistic is set to make his first start since early may as he heads a field of nine 3 - year - olds and up in saturday’s grade 3 midnight lute stakes at santa anita . idle since distanced over a wet fast track going seven furlongs in the [ … ]
in its long history the lute experienced not one , but a series of ‘golden ages’ , and elizabethan and jacobean england certainly enjoyed one of these . the chief glory and ornament of the elizabethan lute is of course the music of john dowland ( 1563–1626 ) which , if no other lute music at all had come down to us , would amply justify the study of the instrument . happily , a good deal more music has survived , however . the following sketch is intended to convey useful information for the beginner .
here ' s the kicker : govenor charlie , midnight lucky , and shakin it up are all raced by mike pegram . they were also bred by mike pegram . midnight lute was exactly the same , so the bloodline and connections are money . but that ' s the sign of a major owner showing absolute faith in his own stallion that he takes everything he owns mare - wise to him . and it takes that kind of support from your connections that really make or break a stallion ( read : kitten ' s joy ) .
unlike u2 or r . e . m . , midnight oil were less ambiguous about kicking ass onstage , and their live shows are legendary for leaving venues in agitprop shambles . “if you’re singing a song about huge piles of nuclear weapons , you’re unlikely to be playing a harp or plucking a lute , ” peter garrett told the ottawa citize n in 1985 .
bloom racing stable and allen racing’s midnight bisou continued her dominance of the west coast 3 - year - old filly division on saturday , rallying from far back to win the grade 1 santa anita oaks by 3 1 / 2 lengths under mike smith , who also won the g1 santa anita derby aboard justify . trained by bill spawr , midnight bisou , [ … ]
as a sire , real quiet did manage to get 16 stakes winners and a champion . besides midnight lute , real quiet ' s most notable runners are the sprinter / miler pussycat doll , two - time winner of the humana distaff ( g - 1 ) and wonder lady anne l , heroine of the 1 ¼ mile cca oaks ( g - 1 ) .
( dehere - bolt from the blue , by blue times ) was unraced . besides midnight lute , candytuft bore his half brother multiple stakes - placed sprinter captain cherokee ( by sir cherokee ) and a stakes placed half sister tusculum rd ( by gilded time ) . in all , she has seven foals who made it to the track and six of them have won .
fierro continued , “in size , midnight lute is in a category of his own . stallions like him usually project to be modest at best , but what tipped the scale for him is that he matched a number of modest - sized mares , which is unusual but very beneficial , as the norms of the breed tend to breed toward the horses of that size . ”
not surprisingly then , the largest surviving oeuvre is that of ‘the english orpheus’ , john dowland , with 75 pieces ( plus 16 - odd possible attributions ) . his collected lute music , edited by his great scholar and apostle , diana poulton ( with basil lam ) is published by faber , and should be on every lute scholar’s christmas list . more of him hereafter .
an accredited louisiana - bred daughter of midnight lute sold for $ 77 , 000 on monday to top the equine sales company 2 - year - olds in training and horses of racing age sale in opelousas , la . named nite jean , the sale - topper went to prominent southwest owner carl moore from the consignment of pike racing , agent . the may foal worked an eighth [ … ]
nor is evans concerned with the breathing problem that compromised part of midnight lutes career . he said , i dont believe it is a genetic issue at all . as a yearling he had a great throat , as well as when he was at the 2 - year - old sales . i guess he had something go wrong during the summer of his 2 - year - old season .
midnight disguise rallied from last to earn her second straight stakes win , charging home a 1 ¾ - length winner in the 39th running of the $ 200 , 000 busher for 3 - year - old fillies at a mile on saturday at aqueduct racetrack . under regular jockey trevor mccarthy , midnight disguise was unhurried through the early going , settling at the back of the pack as california invader [ … ]
revere wrote a letter in 1798 to the founder of the massachusetts historical society describing his midnight ride . nothing in his letter indicates that he waited and watched to see the lanterns in the church tower .
this is not surprising , as the stallion ' s sire is the champion and premier 10 - furlong performer real quiet , whose best races came with victories in the kentucky derby , preakness , and pimlico special . as a sire , real quiet did not reproduce himself with a classic - winning colt . his best son was midnight lute , although some of his best daughters performed at the highest level at classic distances .
in 2008 , midnight lute came back to race twice as a five year old . he recorded the worst finish of his career in the pat o ' brian stakes ( g - 2 ) over the del mar polytrack . however , in his swan song the champ went out on a high note , winning his second consecutive breeders ' cup sprint in 1 : 07 , the fastest time in the history of the race .
midnight lute is the mares fourth foal . evans said that sire selection was done based on budgetary concerns and physical compatibility . real quiet is a big , stretchy , athletic horse , who has a beautiful profile , and candytuft is a solid , correct , attractive mare . and mating her with the fappiano line , which typically puts stretch into foals like you see with the unbridleds , worked out well with this mare .
when looking at real quiet ' s progeny , you see a dearth of true top end talent . midnight lute tops his list of earners and there are only two others that won more than $ 750 , 000 in sunward run and pussycat doll . he also got wonder lady ann l , winner of the g1 - cca oaks . real quiet died at 15 in 2010 following an accident in his paddock after siring 11 crops of foals . he was by no means a dominant sire , but instead was just a useful one . as a sign of his productivity , he stood in pennsylvania and shuttled to uruguay during the summer months . real quiet was campaigned by mike pegram and trained by bob baffert ( a trend we will see repeated over and over herein ) . real quiet has no sons standing at stud of any note other than midnight lute .
“there’s a lot of prospects out there , and we’re excited , and we’re sure that there’s many more in the wings , ” sikura said . “the more they win , and the more important fixtures that come under midnight lute’s banner , the more his yearlings will bring . . . . if he has a derby winner , or an oaks winner , or a travers winner , certainly they’re more appreciated in the auction ring . ”
in definitiva , midnight . swordfight . di chandler groover è un divertissement che prende per mano l ' avventuriero esortandolo a danzare in un giardino panoramico in cui sia stata edificata una follia dal capriccio di un architetto estroso .
“ [ midnight lute’s reputation ] is really a misnomer because the horse is not a sprinter , he was backed up after throat surgery , ” sikura said . “he was backed up to be a sprinter ; it was an adaptation . the horse’s true aptitude , i believe , is a mile and a quarter , i think that’s what he would have been best at . he was just a big , freaky racehorse that could adapt and do anything .
the musician thomas whytehorn , in his autobiography of c . 1575 marvelled at the wide currency of printed music he had seen on his continental travels ; in england , you had to write everything out by hand . about 50 - odd english lute manuscripts with music in renaissance tuning survive in the british isles , plus maybe 15 or 16 continental manuscripts with items of english lute music , plus various odds and ends . another fragment turns up every year or two .
midnight lute is a peculiar case study as a stallion . he only succeeded at distances we consider sprints , but he ' s most definitely not bred to run short distances . it is well known that he had a chronic throat issue that caused him to really struggle when stretched out to a distance that forced him to take more than one big breath and just take off . in fact , we were looking to breed a mare to him last year , but decided against it precisely because of the breathing issue . his trainer , bob baffert , thought so much of him that he always has fully endorsed the idea that midnight lute was not limited to sprints due to his own ability , in fact , had his throat not been a major hindrance , he would easily have competed at route distances . bob clearly considers him one of his best horses of all time to the point that baffert ' s twitter handle is @ midnightlute .
it’s hard to understate the sincerity of ' 80s alternative rock . what midnight oil taught me and others is that citizens need a soundtrack for resistance , sure , but we also need to organize and and be politically active . like most socially conscious bands in the ’80s , midnight oil set up tables outside their gigs for greenpeace , rock the vote , and planned parenthood . as the ' 80s turned into the ' 90s , midnight oil , for american fans at least , represented one of those bands for people who couldn’t get enough u2 , couldn’t get enough sincerity , and so turned to the latest offerings from the alarm or the call , or , for the more adventurous , michelle shocked or billy bragg .
typically , big time sires will have one , maybe two top end runners in any given year on the road to the roses . maybe they ' re lucky and have a filly that ' s gunning for the oaks . if your first crop is doing that , you ' re unbelievable . and midnight lute , with his first crop turning 3 this year , has done just that : he ' s got two derby starters and a serious contender in the kentucky oaks .
if you get hooked on duets , the john johnson and thomas robinson editions noted in the previous instalment of this article would be worth acquiring . the lute society catalogue of tablature sheets contains a further sprinkling of duets , english and continental ; ask the secretary if you are interested . one of the charms of the lute is the opportunities it offers for social as well as solo music making and the student is commended not to be shy , but to seek out duet partners !
one exception was midnight lute ' s co - breeder trackside farm , whose owner tom evans said , “real quiet had runners by the time we decided to send candytuft to him , and in addition to fitting the stud fee range we could afford for the mare , the reason to make that mating was that i loved real quiet ' s profile . he was a really beautiful horse , and we thought the match was what the mare needed to add some stretch to the foal . ”
midnight lute , a strapping son of real quiet out of the unraced dehere mare candytuft , was the first top - of - the - line horse campaigned by the partnership of pegram , watson , weitman , and baffert , and as a juvenile he won first out in the summer of 2005 at del mar . the colt did not race again for a year , however , as respiratory problems developed that would stall his career more than once and cause him to miss the triple crown season .
midnight lucky entered the sunland park oaks as one of the most talked - about horses in the country following her smashing debut win in february , in which she earned a 100 beyer , and the filly left new mexico with even more hype after she obliterated the competition in an eight - length romp . midnight lucky traveled 1 1 / 16 miles in 1 : 41 . 06 , good for a 94 beyer and another track record ( one of three set march 24 on sunland’s speed - favoring oval ) .
this spring , midnight oil embarks on their first world tour in more than 15 years . the australian band that hit worldwide charts in 1987 with “beds are burning” disbanded back in 2002 , when lead singer peter garrett entered politics full - time and served in a number of positions in the australian government , a second career that lasted more than 11 years . the last time midnight oil toured the us was october 2001 , weeks after september 11 and then - new president george w . bush ramping up the case for the iraq invasion . cut to 2017 , and midnight oil’s six - month , 50 - date great circle tour brings garrett and bandmates to a united states under a trump administration angling to roll back environmental protections , pillage natural resources , and generally mess up the world .
as for the really small fry , the indefatigable john robinson , has been gradually trawling them up in lute society tablature sheets over the years , and there are some ‘one - hit wonders’ there certainly . ask for our catalogue if you want to investigate further .
a survey of english music in continental prints and manuscripts , which are available in facsimile , is beyond the present writer’s competence . publishers include tree , minkoff , frits knuf , and the dutch lute society . would anyone care to write a short piece on this ?
midnight , swordfight was an ifcomp 2015 game . this game is a one - move game like aisle or rematch , where you are in a duel with a countess and have only limited actions available . innovatively , these actions are listed in a playscript in your inventory .
back in 1990 , at the height of midnight oils’ stateside popularity , the band protested exxon’s valdez oil spill by playing a lunchtime concert outside the corporation’s manhattan headquarters . the guerilla action gig stopped traffic on sixth avenue for blocks around radio city music hall . a 30 - foot banner atop the band’s flatbed truck read “midnight oil makes you dance , exxon oil makes us sick” . one likes to think that rex tillerson , then exxon’s vice president and now trump’s secretary of state , could hear the band’s clash - like cover of john lennon’s “instant karma” .
robert johnson , with 20 extant solos , was the son of john johnson , and evidently inherited his father’s melodic gifts . a major figure in the organisation of jacobean court masques , he wrote dance music ( published in sabol’s four hundred songs and dances from the stuart masque ) and songs , including some for shakespeare’s company , the king’s men ( published by stainer and bell ) as well as lute solos . an edition of his lute music edited by albert sunderman was formerly published in the oup lute music series ; now an edition is available from seicento notenversand . some of it is approachable for the early intermediate player . lynda sayce made a father - and - son album of the two johnsons’ music , the golden age restor’d , some years ago , and matthew wadsworth has recorded some solos on a album of songs and solos , away delights , on the avie label .
his easiest lute solos are probably ‘mistress winter’s jump’ , ‘orlando sleepeth’ , ‘fortune my foe’ and ‘mr dowland’s midnight’ , then the ‘preludium’ , ( p98 ) . after a year or two ( of regular practice , that is ! ) you could start to look at some of the easier song accompaniments , such as ‘burst forth my tears’ , ‘white as lilies was her face’ or ‘faction that ever dwells’ . you will be popular with sopranos at summer schools if , after two or three years of practising , you can master the accompaniments to some of the songs in the first book of songes .
won the kentucky derby and preakness , only to fall a heart - wrenching nose short in the belmont stakes . real quiet didn ' t prove to be commercially successful at stud , but as is often the case with broodmare sires , his quality may be evidenced years later in his daughters ' progeny . midnight lute is real quiet ' s best performing progeny and his first prominent son to stand at stud . three minor sons of real quiet are standing as regional sires . real quiet ' s sire quiet american is not noted as a sire of sires , but his daughters are recognized as superior producers .
but the world is upside down again , and if current pop acts can’t get it together to write protest songs , then maybe it ' s time to turn to midnight oil . the other day , i found myself rocking out to “read about it” , one of my favorite tracks from 10 to 1 :
in a repertoire largely preserved in manuscript sources , chances of survival are , happily , skewed in favour of quality , as the more popular a piece was , the more it would be copied , and the more likely it was to survive , so it makes some sense to consider lute composers in terms of their extant output .
a second release for midnight . swordfight . is now available through the links on its ifdb page . this version was created for display at the hand eye society ' s wordplay 2016 showcase . it fixes a few bugs and typos from the original release , smooths out some quixe formatting issues , and includes a little more dialogue for dmitri .
be all that as it may . . . besides the complete lute solos , mentioned above , the lachrimae ( 1604 ) collection for viols and ( very difficult ) lute has been published in facsimile by boethius , and in modern editions , most recently by fretwork editions , while his other consort music is available in a boxed set of partbooks from schott . his solo songs , first transcribed in the 1920s by edmund fellowes , are published by stainer & bell , who also publish a ( shockingly mistake - ridden ) new edition of his four - voice ayres in the musica britannica series ( the 1953 / 1976 edition has far fewer mistakes and bad page turns , but has no tab , for which the lute needs the solo song editions ) . facsimile editions of the songbooks have been published both by scolar press , latterly in association with brian jordan of cambridge , and now also by broude brothers , in their performers facsimile series . not forgetting diana poulton’s fascinating biography of the man , published by faber .
omitting song books and scottish sources ( to be discussed in future issues ) facsimile publishers and the lute books they publish are ( please correct me if i’m wrong ) currently as follows : boethius / severinus / jacks pipes and hammers : willoughby , trumbull , sampson , pickeringe , board , brogyntyn , hirsch , ml , marsh , mynshall .
pegram bred and owns govenor charlie , while midnight lucky was bred in kentucky by dr . charles kidder , j . k . griggs , and linda griggs . pegram owns the filly with karl watson and paul weitman , comprising the triumvirate that has struck grade 1 gold in recent years with lookin at lucky , coil , drill , and executiveprivilege .
five years ago , a friend and i were flipping through vinyl shelves at a record fair , as tragically hip music nerds do , and we confessed our guilty pleasures . “i own more midnight oil albums than i’d like to admit , ” i offered . i further confessed that , in fact , i owned all the oils’ releases , including australian imports .
both 3 - year - olds earned 50 points on the road to the derby and oaks standings . if both govenor charlie and midnight lucky make the trip to churchill downs , they will bring the longtime owner - trainer partnership of mike pegram and bob baffert back to the site of some of their most cherished memories , starting with real quiet’s kentucky derby in 1998 .
the lute society : krakow 40641 , folger dowland , welde , osborn fb7 ; wickhambrook ; in preparation : cambridge dd . 2 . 11 ( and ultimately we hope the rest of the cambridge mss : dd . 3 . 18 , dd . 4 . 22 , dd . 5 . 78 . 3 , dd . 9 . 33 , nn . 6 . 36 ) , herbert of cherbury ; in transcription : bl stowe 389 , royal appendix 58 ; giles lodge , westminster abbey ms 105 ; fragments photographed in the lute ( 1992 ) : bl add mss 60577 , 6402 , 41498 ( 1993 ) magdalen , edmund , och 1280 , occ 254 ( 1999 ) westminster abbey ms 105 ; journal article in preparation : william skypton’s ms .
overall , i really like midnight lute . he posted the top beyer of any sprinter ever at 124 and is a two time bc sprint winner . he ' s won over $ 6 million . he ' s shown the ability to get some really high quality speed horses that have been able to run away from their competition around both one and two turns , something he himself could never manage . now i really do think he was always physically capable of getting a classic distance , but his breathing limitations kept him from getting that far . i think he ' s got an extremely bright future , and with the stout backing of his connections of mike pegram and bob baffert , he ' s in a pretty good place to succeed long term .
many lute players like to go to the original sources for their music . but facsimile publishing of manuscripts is a specialist business , and publishers are rather few . the pioneers in the field were boethius press ; they ran into financial difficulties and were refounded as severinus press . remaining stocks ( and the possibilities of short - run reprints ) now lie with jacks , pipes and hammers
then came 1987’s diesel and dust , which broke midnight oil worldwide . recorded after a tour of the outback with indigenous musical groups , the oils’ sixth album included “beds are burning” , which people magazine accurately describes as “probably the first song about aborigine rights to go top 10 in the u . s . ” the band i secretly jammed out to with my cassette player now boomed from college dorm rooms everywhere .
fast - forward to 2017 , and these debates over musical tastes seem quaint . it’s punk rock time , like henry rollins says , and we’ve got reagan on steroids occupying the white house . public schools , women’s and minority ' s rights , and the environment are all under threat and i’ve taken my lazy white privileged ass out to the streets to protest . and i find myself listening to midnight oil again .
last weekend at sunland park , govenor charlie and midnight lucky all but stamped their tickets to the kentucky derby and kentucky oaks , respectively , with dominant performances in two - turn races . govenor charlie drew clear at the quarter pole and powered to a five - length win in the grade 3 sunland derby , covering 1 1 / 8 miles in a track - record 1 : 47 . 54 and earning a 95 beyer speed figure .
there are three main currently available editions of the english lute duets . stefan lundgren has edited most of the english duets , published in four albums by lundgren edition . lundgren has chopped the treble and ground duets about , to share out treble and ground sections between the two players . this certainly makes for more challenging and stimulating playing , even if it dilutes the didactic concentration of the originals . secondly , there is tablature for two lutes published by stainer & bell , in three volumes edited by nigel north and the late robert spencer . volume 1 contains easier anonymous treble and ground duets , volume 2 has slightly harder treble and ground duets by named composers , including three by robinson and four by john johnson , and volume 3 contains ten of the finest ‘equal’ duets . thirdly and most recently , gordon gregory has edited a selection of treble and ground duets for the lute society , o happie ground , aimed specifically at the student , with fingering indications throughout .
midnight lucky , who may train up to the kentucky oaks on may 3 , is the fourth winning foal out of the citidancer mare citiview . citiview is a full sister to hookedonthefeelin , whom pegram purchased for $ 110 , 000 at the 1997 keeneland september yearling sale . hookedonthefeelin was the winner of five stakes , including the grade 1 la brea . as a broodmare , hookedonthefeelin has produced pussycat doll , a real quiet three - time grade 1 winner for pegram and baffert during the mid - 2000s , as well as grade 1 winner jimmy creed and stakes winner funny feeling .
daniel bacheler comes next in the league table with 55 extant solos . it is surprising that to date there has been no complete edition of his music—the sources are considered problematic—chris morongiello is working on one , and has been supplying pieces by him for our lute news music supplements . much of the music requires more than seven courses , and is not terribly easy ; paul o’dette , who has made a recent recording on the harmonia mundi label , points out that it is hard to find a tempo that suits both the slow passages in his music and the fast divisions . so perhaps not a composer for the beginner to worry about unduly .
in reading ( to use the chinese term ) a chinese landscape painting , we are often moved by the pleasure of recognition , even of identification , occasioned by the one or more tiny human figures , almost imperceptible among the rocks and pines . these figures , executed with a few minute strokes of the brush , represent a solitary man , leaning on his staff along a mountain path , or on the back of a donkey , crossing a bridge and followed by a boy who carries his lute , or among a group of similar figures lingering by the waterside , immersed in the landscape , insignificant and unobtrusive . ( li chi , 1962 )
in reading ( to use the chinese term ) a chinese landscape painting , we are often moved by the pleasure of recognition , even of identification , occasioned by the one or more tiny human figures , almost imperceptible among the rocks and pines . these figures , executed with a few minute strokes of the brush , represent a solitary man , leaning on his staff along a mountain path , or on the back of a donkey , crossing a bridge and followed by a boy who carries his lute , or among a group of similar figures lingering by the waterside , immersed in the landscape , insignificant and unobtrusive .
( li chi , 1962 )
in reading ( to use the chinese term ) a chinese landscape painting , we are often moved by the pleasure of recognition , even of identification , occasioned by the one or more tiny human figures , almost imperceptible among the rocks and pines . these figures , executed with a few minute strokes of the brush , represent a solitary man , leaning on his staff along a mountain path , or on the back of a donkey , crossing a bridge and followed by a boy who carries his lute , or among a group of similar figures lingering by the waterside , immersed in the landscape , insignificant and unobtrusive
( li chi , 1962 ) .
next , john johnson with 31 solos , ‘the queen’s luter’ first really great english lute composer . there have been two complete editions of his works , one published by orphee editions , the other by tree . there is some debate about attributions and the boundaries of his repertoire , and the contents of the two editions differ . he wrote many pavans , galliards , and ground - based pieces , but also some very tuneful variation sets on popular tunes . his duets are notable ; a hallmark of his treble - and - ground writing is that they run the whole gamut of the instrument—good student material ! christopher wilson and shirley rumsey have recorded a selection of his works on naxos .
next comes anthony holborne , with 52 extant solos , mostly pavans and galliards . he was also a noted composer for metal - strung instruments , the cittern and bandora . his solo music was edited first by masakata kanazawa some years ago , and published by harvard , and more recently has been edited by rainer aus dem spring , for the lute society ( this edition is out of print at the moment , but should be reprinted later this year . ) his works include a sprinkling of pieces , especially some of the galliards and almains , which the early intermediate player could begin to tackle . there have been attractive recent recordings by jacob heringman , on the asv label , and christopher wilson and shirley rumsey , on naxos .


the lipspot moray ( gymnothorax chilospilus ) , also known as the textile moray , white-lipped moray , or white-lipped reef eel , is a moray eel found in coral reefs in the pacific and indian oceans .

it was first named by pieter bleeker in 1864 .

lipspot moray eel

the snowflake eel is found in the pacific and indian oceans . it is also known as the starry eel .
lipspot moray - gymnothorax chilospilus the lipspot moray is found in the indian ocean and in the pacific ocean . it is also found in the waters around hawaii . source : fish base intended audience : general reading level : high school teacher section : no
the leopard moray eel is found in the indian and pacific oceans . in north america , it is found around the hawaiian islands . it is also known as the dragon moray eel .
freckleface reef - eel - uropterygius xanthopterus the freckleface reef - eel is found in the indian and pacific oceans . source : fish base intended audience : general reading level : high school teacher section : no
moray eels can range in size from snyder ' s eel which is around 4 . 5 inches in length to the slender giant moray , which can grow to be 13 feet in length .
a lipspot moray , gymnothorax chilospilus , from north solitary island , new south wales - showing the diagnostic white blotch on the lower lip near the corner of the mouth . . source : ian v . shaw / reef life survey . license : cc by attribution
tiger reef eel - scuticaria tigrina the tiger reef eel is found in the indian and pacific oceans from east africa to the to the philippines , taiwan and the hawaiian islands east to mexico , costa rica , panama , and columbia . source : fish base intended audience : general reading level : high school teacher section : no
many species of moray eel are brightly patterned . they have large eyes , large mouths and sharp , fang - like teeth . some species will bite if they are provoked . moray eels also secrete a mucus through their skin . in some species this mucus is a toxin .
redface eel - monopenchelys acuta the redface eel is found in scattered locations around the globe . it is found in the western atlantic from the bahamas to the lesser antilles , it has been recorded around ascension island in southern atlantic . in the indian ocean , it has been recorded in comoros , seychelles , and mauritius and in the pacific ocean it is found from fiji to hawaii . source : fish base intended audience : general reading level : high school teacher section : no
yellow - spotted moray - echidna xanthospilos the yellow - spotted moray is found in waters off of taiwan , sri lanka , indonesia , papua new guinea and samoa . it is also known as the skeletor eel . source : fish base intended audience : general reading level : high school teacher section : no
laced moray - gymnothorax favagineus the laced moray is also known as the tessellate moray , the honeycomb moray , and the leopard moray . source : australian museum intended audience : general reading level : middle school teacher section : yes
yellowmouth moray - gymnothorax nudivomer the yellowmouth moray is found in indian and pacific oceans . it is also known as the starry moray . source : fish base intended audience : general reading level : high school teacher section : no
the seychelles moray is found in coral reefs in the pacific and indian oceans .
chain moray - echidna catenata the chain moray is found from the atlantic and gulf coasts of florida south through the caribbean to central america and the coast of uruguay .
the yellow moray is found in the waters off of new zealand and southern australia .
california moray - gymnothorax mordax the california moray preys on octopuses and small fish . source : monterey bay aquarium intended audience : general reading level : middle school teacher section : no
peppered moray - gymnothorax pictus the peppered moray is found in indian and pacific oceans . source : fish base intended audience : general reading level : high school teacher section : no
fimbriate moray - gymnothorax fimbriatus the fimbriate moray can be 2 . 5 feet in length . source : australian museum intended audience : general reading level : middle school teacher section : yes
giant moray - gymnothorax javanicus the giant moray is found in the indian and pacific oceans . source : fish base intended audience : general reading level : high school teacher section : no
undulated moray - gymnothorax undulatus the undulated moray has a brown body and a bright yellow head . source : arkive intended audience : general reading level : middle school teacher section : yes
the brown moray is found on rocky coasts in the eastern atlantic and throughout the mediterranean .
green moray - gymnothorax funebris the green moray can be close to 6 feet in length . source : animal diversity web intended audience : general reading level : middle school teacher section : yes
polygon moray - gymnothorax polygonius the polygon moray is found in the western and eastern atlantic ocean . source : fish base intended audience : general reading level : high school teacher section : no
the australian mottled moray is found in the western pacific ocean from southern japan to the south china sea south to australia and new zealand . it is also known as the sawtooth moray .
honeycomb moray - gymnothorax saxicola the honeycomb moray is found from new jersey south to florida and in the gulf of mexico . it is also found in the mississippi river delta . it is also known as the ocellated moray and the blackedge moray and is often used in home aquariums . source : fish base intended audience : general reading level : high school teacher section : no
the barred moray is found from the east coast of africa to the hawaiian islands and australia .
green moray - gymnothorax funebris the green moray spends the day hidden in rocky crevices . source : florida museum of natural history intended audience : general reading level : middle school teacher section : no
california moray - gymnothorax mordax red rock shrimp clean dead skin for the body of the california moray . source : animal diversity web intended audience : general reading level : middle school teacher section : yes
grayface moray - gymnothorax thyrsoideus the grayface moray is found in the indian ocean and in the pacific ocean . source : fish base intended audience : general reading level : high school teacher section : no
barred fin moray - gymnothorax zonipectis the barred fin moray is found from eastern africa east to the philippines . source : fish base intended audience : general reading level : high school teacher section : no
the dark moray is found in the eastern atlantic off the coast of africa from mauritania to namibia .
the canary moray is found in the eastern atlantic around the canary islands off the coast of africa .
geometric moray - gymnothorax griseus the geometric moray is found in the western indian ocean and in the red sea . source : fish base intended audience : general reading level : high school teacher section : no
moray eels are carnivorous and eat crustaceans , cuttlefish , mollusks , small fish , octopus , and squid .
saddled moray - gymnothorax conspersus the saddled moray is found from north carolina south through the caribbean and gulf coast to brazil . source : fish base intended audience : general reading level : high school teacher section : no
fimbriate moray - gymnothorax fimbriatus the fimbriate moray is found in the indian and pacific oceans from madagascar to japan and australia . source : fish base intended audience : general reading level : high school teacher section : no
white - spotted moray - muraena argus the white - edged moray is found along the pacific coast from southern california to peru . source : fish base intended audience : general reading level : high school teacher section : no
kidako moray - gymnothorax kidako the kidako moray is found in the western pacific ocean from china , japan and australia east to hawaii . source : fish base intended audience : general reading level : high school teacher section : no
chain moray - echidna catenata the chain moray is brightly patterned in black and yellow . source : florent ' s guide to the florida , bahamas & caribbean reefs intended audience : general reading level : middle school teacher section : no
laced moray - gymnothorax favagineus the laced moray is found from the red sea and east africa to japan , australia and papua new guinea . source : fish base intended audience : general reading level : high school teacher section : no
green moray - gymnothorax funebris the green moray is really brown . it looks greenish - yellow because of the mucus that covers its body . source : national aquarium intended audience : general reading level : middle school teacher section : yes
jewel moray - muraena lentiginosa the jewel moray is found in the eastern pacific from the gulf of california to peru and the galapagos islands . source : fish base intended audience : general reading level : high school teacher section : no
indo - pacific spotted moray - gymnothorax isingteena the indo - pacific spotted moray is found in coral reefs in the indian and western pacific oceans . source : fish base intended audience : general reading level : high school teacher section : no
gray moray - gymnothorax nubilus the gray moray is found in the southwest pacific around lord howe island , norfolk island , and the kermadec islands . source : fish base intended audience : general reading level : high school teacher section : no
caribbean ocellated moray - gymnothorax ocellatus the caribbean ocellated moray is found in the caribbean and along the atlantic coast of central america south to uruguay . source : fish base intended audience : general reading level : high school teacher section : no
white - edged moray - gymnothorax verrilli the white - edged moray is found along the pacific coast of costa rica , mexico , and panama . source : fish base intended audience : general reading level : high school teacher section : no
california moray - gymnothorax mordax the california moray is found in crevices in shallow rocky reefs from point conception in southern california to baja califonia in mexico . source : fish base intended audience : general reading level : high school teacher section : no
yellow - edged moray - gymnothorax flavimarginatus the yellow - edged moray is known as the puhi paka and it ' s bite can be dangerous to humans . source : waikiki aquarium intended audience : general reading level : middle school teacher section : no
black moray - muraena augusti the black moray is found in the eastern atlantic ocean around cape verde , the canary and madeira islands , and the azores . source : fish base intended audience : general reading level : high school teacher section : no
the wide - mouth moray is found in the pacific ocean off the coasts of el salvador , guatemala , and mexico .
yellow - edged moray - gymnothorax flavimarginatus the yellow - edged moray is found in the indian and pacific oceans from the red sea and east africa to hawaii . source : fish base intended audience : general reading level : high school teacher section : no
banded moray - gymnothorax rueppelliae the banded moray is found in the indian and pacific oceans . in the u . s . , it is found in hawaii . source : fish base intended audience : general reading level : high school teacher section : no
pygmy moray - anarchias similis the pygmy moray is found from the coast of south carolina south to venezuela and along the gulf coast of florida south to nicaragua . source : fish base intended audience : general reading level : high school teacher section : no
the turkey moray is found in reefs in shallow water the indian and pacific oceans from the coast of eastern africa to hawaii .
brown snake moray - uropterygius fuscoguttatus the brown snake moray is found in australia and the south pacific islands . source : fish base intended audience : general reading level : high school teacher section : no two - holes moray - uropterygius versutus the two - holes moray is found in colombia , costa rica , ecuador , el salvador , guatemala , honduras , mexico , nicaragua , and panama . source : fish base intended audience : general reading level : high school teacher section : no jigsaw moray - uropterygius wheeleri the jigsaw moray is found in the eastern atlantic off the coast of africa in the waters around cape verde , equatorial guinea , sao tomé and principe , and senegal . source : fish base intended audience : general reading level : high school teacher section : no
reticulate hookjaw moray - enchelycore lichenosa the reticulate hookjaw moray is found in northwest pacific ocean near taiwan and southern japan and in the southeast pacific ocean around the galapagos islands . source : fish base intended audience : general reading level : high school teacher section : no
green moray - gymnothorax funebris the green moray is found in the western atlantic from new jersey south to brazil as well as in the gulf of mexico and the caribbean . source : fish base intended audience : general reading level : high school teacher section : no
lichen moray - gymnothorax hubbsi the lichen moray is found in the gulf of mexico from alabama south to cuba and north up the eastern coast of florida to southern georgia . source : fish base intended audience : general reading level : high school teacher section : no
reticulate moray - muraena retifera the reticulate moray is found from north carolina south to florida and along the gulf coast from florida north to mississippi . it is also found off the coast of venezuela . source : fish base intended audience : general reading level : high school teacher section : no stout moray - muraena robusta the stout moray is found from north carolina to florida in the western atlantic as well as off the coast of panama and columbia . it is found along the african coast from morocco to angola in the eastern atlantic . source : fish base intended audience : general reading level : high school teacher section : no marbled moray - uropterygius macularius the marbled moray is found from north carolina south to brazil as well as in the caribbean . source : fish base intended audience : general reading level : high school teacher section : no many - spotted moray - uropterygius polystictus the many - spotted moray is found along the pacific coasts of ecuador and mexico source : fish base intended audience : general reading level : high school teacher section : no
broadbanded moray - channomuraena vittata the broadbanded moray is found in tropical waters around the globe . in the u . s . it is found in the waters off southern florida . source : fish base intended audience : general reading level : high school teacher section : no
viper moray - enchelycore nigricans the viper moray is found on both sides of the atlantic ocean . in the u . s . it is found off the coast of florida . source : fish base intended audience : general reading level : high school teacher section : no
y - patterned moray - gymnothorax berndti the y - patterned moray is found in the western indian ocean and in the pacific ocean from taiwan to new zealand and east to hawaii . source : fish base intended audience : general reading level : high school teacher section : no
panamic green moray - gymnothorax castaneus the panamic green moray is found in the eastern pacific ocean from southern baja california and the gulf of california south to ecuador and the galapagos islands . source : fish base intended audience : general reading level : high school teacher section : no
whitespot moray - muraena pavonina in the western atlantic ocean , the whitespot moray is found off of northeastern brazil and the mid - atlantic and around ascension island in the eastern atlantic ocean . source : fish base intended audience : general reading level : high school teacher section : no
ribbon moray - rhinomuraena quaesita the ribbon moray is found from east africa to french polynesia , north to southern japan , and south to the northwest and east coast australia and new caledonia . source : fish base intended audience : general reading level : high school teacher section : no
palenose moray - echidna nocturna the palenose moray is found along the pacific coasts of colombia , costa rica , ecuador , el salvador , guatemala , honduras , mexico , nicaragua , panama , and peru . source : fish base intended audience : general reading level : high school teacher section : no
blacktail moray - gymnothorax kolpos the blacktail moray is found in along the atlantic coast of the eastern u . s . from north carolina south to florida and along the gulf coast from florida to texas . source : fish base intended audience : general reading level : high school teacher section : no
hardtail moray - anarchias galapagensis the hardtail moray is found in the pacific ocean off the coasts of colombia , costa rica , ecuador , el salvador , guatemala , honduras , mexico , nicaragua , and panama . source : fish base intended audience : general reading level : high school teacher section : no
slenderjaw moray - enchelycore octaviana the slenderjaw moray is found in the pacific ocean off the coasts of colombia , costa rica , ecuador , el salvador , honduras , mexico , nicaragua , panama , and peru . source : fish base intended audience : general reading level : high school teacher section : no
finespotted moray - gymnothorax dovii the finespotted moray is found in the pacific ocean off the coasts of colombia , costa rica , ecuador , el salvador , guatemala , honduras , mexico , nicaragua , and panama . source : fish base intended audience : general reading level : high school teacher section : no
masked moray - gymnothorax panamensis the masked moray is found along the pacific coast of colombia , costa rica , ecuador , el salvador , guatemala , honduras , mexico , nicaragua , and panama . source : fish base intended audience : general reading level : high school teacher section : no small - spotted moray - gymnothorax phalarus the small - spotted moray is found along the pacific coast of colombia , costa rica , ecuador , el salvador , guatemala , honduras , mexico , nicaragua , panama , and peru . source : fish base intended audience : general reading level : high school teacher section : no
mediterranean moray - muraena helena the mediterranean moray is found from south of british isles to senegal , in the waters around the azores , madeira , the canary islands , and cape verde and in the waters of the mediterranean . source : fish base intended audience : general reading level : high school teacher section : no
freshwater moray - gymnothorax polyuranodon the freshwater moray is found in australia , brunei darussalam , fiji , indonesia , malaysia , micronesia , new caledonia , palau , papua new guinea , the philippines , sri lanka , and taiwan . source : fish base intended audience : general reading level : high school teacher section : no
the stout moray is found in shallow water in inland reefs in the indian and pacific oceans . in north america , it is found in the hawaiian islands .
blackedge moray - gymnothorax nigromarginatus the blackedge moray is found rom the coast of north carolina south to cuba and puerto rico . it is also found in the gulf of mexico west to texas and south through central america to columbia . source : fish base intended audience : general reading level : high school teacher section : no
use the table to access images and fact sheets of the muraenid fishes on the site . these include the knot - eels , moray eels and reef eels .
undulated moray - gymnothorax undulatus the undulated moray is found in the indian ocean and in the western , central and eastern pacific ocean . it is found in hawaii and along the pacific coast of mexico , panama , and costa rica . source : fish base intended audience : general reading level : high school teacher section : no
the zebra moray is found in the pacific and indian oceans . in north america it is found from baja california , mexico south to columbia and the galapagos islands .
the whitemargin moray is found in the indian and pacific oceans from japan south to indonesia . in north america , it is found in waters around the hawaiian islands .
spotted - tail moray - gymnothorax equatorialis the spotted - tail moray is found in the pacific ocean off the coasts of chile , colombia , costa rica , ecuador , el salvador , guatemala , honduras , mexico , nicaragua , panama , and peru . source : fish base intended audience : general reading level : high school teacher section : no
low fin moray - gymnothorax porphyreus the low - fin moray is found in sub - tropical waters in the south pacific to south america . source : fish base intended audience : general reading level : high school teacher section : no sawtooth moray - gymnothorax serratidens the sawtooth moray is found in waters off of ecuador and peru . source : fish base intended audience : general reading level : high school teacher section : no brown conger - gymnothorax vicinus the brown conger is found on both sides of the atlantic . in the u . s . it is found from the eastern coast of florida through the gulf coast states . source : fish base intended audience : general reading level : high school teacher section : no
spotted moray - gymnothorax moringa the spotted moray is found from north carolina south along the u . s . coast through the caribbean and the gulf of mexico south to southern brazil . it is also found in the eastern atlantic ocean on ascension and st . helena islands . source : fish base intended audience : general reading level : middle school teacher section : no
sharktooth moray - gymnothorax maderensis the sharktooth moray is found in the eastern and western atlantic ocean . in the eastern atlantic it is found in madeira , the canary islands , and the cape verde islands . in the western atlantic it is found in bermuda , cuba , and in the caribbean . source : fish base intended audience : general reading level : high school teacher section : no
böhlke , e . b . & mccosker , j . e . 2001 . the moray eels of australia and new zealand , with the description of two new species ( anguilliformes : muraenidae ) .
goldentail moray - gymnothorax miliaris the goldentail moray is found in the western atlantic from florida , bermuda , and the bahamas through the gulf of mexico and the caribbean to southern brazil . in the eastern atlantic it is found in the waters around the cape verde islands and ascension and st . helena islands . source : fish base intended audience : general reading level : high school teacher section : no
the fangtooth moray is found on both sides of the atlantic . in north america it is found off the coast of northern florida and in the waters of bermuda . it is also found in the mediterranean and black sea .
the caribbean chestnut moray is found in the western atlantic from the atlantic coast and gulf coast of southern florida south through the caribbean and central america to brazil . it is also found off the coast of the bahamas and off the gulf coast of mexico .
order : anguilliformes , family : muraenidae ( morays ) pusi or morays moray eels are called pusi in samoa . small eels are sometimes called to ' e , large eels are called maoa ' e , and very large ones may be called atapanoa . small brown eels may be called u ' aulu and small pale eels may be called apeape .
variable in colour from pale yellowish to brownish , with irregular darker brownish bars and pale markings , a white spot surrounding each pore along the upper and lower jaws , and a large white blotch on the lower lip near the corner of the mouth .
offshore reefs of western australia , ashmore reef and the great barrieer reef , queensland , to at least julian rocks , new south wales , also elizabeth reef and lord howe island in the tasman sea . elsewhere the species os widespread in the indo - west - central pacific from south africa to hawaii , north to taiwan and the ryukyu islands , japan , and south to northern australia .
gymnothorax chilospilus bleeker , 1864 , nederland . tijdschr . dierk 2 : 52 . type locality : east indies .
bleeker , p . 1864 . poissons inédits indo - archipélagiques de l ' ordre des murènes .
böhlke , e . b . , mccosker , j . e . & smith , d . g . 1999 . family muraenidae . pp . 1643 - 1657 in carpenter , k . e . & niem , v . h . ( eds ) .
the living marine resources of the western central pacific . fao species identification guide for fisheries purposes
the early stages of fishes in the california current region . california cooperative oceanic fisheries investigations ( calcofi ) atlas no . 33
francis , m . 1993 . checklist of the coastal fishes of lord howe , norfolk , and kermadec islands , southwest pacific ocean .
francis , m . p . & randall , j . e . 1993 . further additions to the fish faunas of lord howe and norfolk islands , southwest pacific ocean .
reef and shore fishes of the south pacific . new caledonia to tahiti and the pitcairn islands
greek , gymnos = naked + greek , thorax , - akos = breast ( ref . 45335 )
marine ; reef - associated ; depth range 1 - 45 m ( ref . 11441 ) , usually ? - 5 m . tropical
indo - pacific : south africa and oman to the hawaiian and society islands , north to the ryukyu and ogasawara islands , south to northern australia and the loyalty islands .
maturity : l m ? range ? - ? cm max length : 50 . 5 cm tl male / unsexed ; ( ref . 2334 )
dorsal spines ( total ) : 0 ; dorsal soft rays ( total ) : 0 ; anal spines : 0 ; anal soft rays : 0 ; vertebrae : 121 - 133 . body light brown , with dendritic pattern . corner of mouth with a dark brown spot , preceded on lower lip by a large white blotch ( often followed by another above and behind corner of mouth ) ; upper and lower jaw pores usually in prominent white spots . vertebrae 121 - 133 .
occurs in shallow coastal reef flats , usually found in less than 5 m water depth , but ranges to deep water rubble reefs ( ref . 48635 ) . benthic ( ref . 58302 ) .
chen , h . - m . , k . - t . shao and c . t . chen , 1994 . a review of the muraenid eels ( family muraenidae ) from taiwan with descriptions of twelve new records . zool . stud . 33 ( 1 ) : 44 - 64 . ( ref . 6934 )
phylogenetic diversity index ( ref . 82805 ) : pd 50 = 0 . 5000 [ uniqueness , from 0 . 5 = low to 2 . 0 = high ] .
bayesian length - weight : a = 0 . 00095 ( 0 . 00046 - 0 . 00197 ) , b = 3 . 10 ( 2 . 93 - 3 . 27 ) , in cm total length , based on lwr estimates for this genus - body shape ( ref . 93245 ) .
trophic level ( ref . 69278 ) : 3 . 9 ±0 . 6 se ; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
resilience ( ref . 69278 ) : medium , minimum population doubling time 1 . 4 - 4 . 4 years ( preliminary k or fecundity . ) .
vulnerability ( ref . 59153 ) : moderate vulnerability ( 38 of 100 ) .
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there are close to 200 species in this family of eels . most species are found in shallow water among rocks and coral . and many species are active at night and spend the day hidden in the rock or coral crevices . most species are found in tropical and sub - tropical marine environments , a few species can be found in brackish water , and a a handful of species are found in fresh water .
status and range is taken from icun redlist . you can click on the iucn status icon to go to the iucn page about a species .
threatened in us endangered in us introduced status taken from us fish and wildlife . click on u . s . status icon to go to the u . s . fish and wildlife species profile .
indo - pacific : south africa and oman to the hawaiian and society islands , north to the ryukyu and ogasawara islands , south to northern australia and the loyalty islands . ;
it is named for a distinct white spot on the lower lip near the corner of the mouth .
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