the maspalomas bow-legged grasshopper ( dericorys minutus ) is a species of grasshopper of the family acrididae .

the species is endemic to the town of maspalomas on gran canaria island , and is considered critically endangered , or almost extinct , since it has n't been found since 1949 .

maspalomas bow - legged grasshopper

the maspalomas bow - legged grasshopper ( dericorys minutus ) is a species of grasshopper of the family acrididae .
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the red - legged grasshopper ( melanoplus femurrubrum ) is a species of grasshopper belonging to the genus melanoplus .
chorthippus biguttulus , the bow - winged grasshopper , is one of the most common species of grasshopper found in the dry grassland of northern and central europe .
schistocerca nitens is a species of grasshopper known by several common names , including vagrant grasshopper and gray bird grasshopper .
dactylotum bicolor , also known as the rainbow grasshopper , painted grasshopper , or the barber pole grasshopper , is a species of grasshopper in the family acrididae .
the blue - winged grasshopper , oedipoda caerulescens is a grasshopper in the genus oedipoda .
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heteracris trimaculata , also known as three - spotted forest grasshopper , is a species of grasshopper .
metaleptea brevicornis , the clipped - wing grasshopper , is a species of grasshopper from north america .
caelifera , grasshopjumper , grasshoppers , hoppergrass , short - horned grasshopper , short - horned grasshopper .
eupropacris abbreviata , commonly known as kilosa noble grasshopper is a species of grasshopper of the family acrididae .
euthystira brachyptera , the small gold grasshopper , is a species of grasshopper belonging to the family acrididae .
the giant south american grasshopper ( tropidacris violaceus ) is a species of grasshopper in the family romaleidae .
the african rice grasshopper , hieroglyphus daganensis is a medium - sized grasshopper species found in the sahel region .
psophus stridulus , commonly known as the rattle grasshopper , is a species of grasshopper of the family acrididae .
cyphocerastis uluguruensis , also known as uluguru mountain grasshopper is a rare species of grasshopper in the family acrididae .
valanga nigricornis , the javanese grasshopper , is a species of grasshopper in the subfamily cyrtacanthacridinae of the family acrididae .
teratodes monticollis , commonly known as the hooded grasshopper , is a species of grasshopper native to india and sri lanka .
dictyophorus spumans , the koppie foam grasshopper or rooibaadjie , is a species of grasshopper in the family pyrgomorphidae indigenous to africa .
the slender burrowing grasshopper ( acrotylus patruelis ) is a species of bandwing grasshopper found throughout africa , southern europe and southwestern asia .
romalea microptera ( syn . romalea guttata ) , known commonly as the eastern lubber grasshopper or just lubber grasshopper , is a grasshopper native to the southeastern and south central portion of the united states .
the foothill yellow - legged frog ( rana boylii ) is a small - sized frog from the rana genus in the ranidae family .
eight vessels and one shore station of the royal navy were named hms grasshopper , named for the grasshopper , a common type of herbivorous insect .
the black - tailed godwit ( limosa limosa ) is a large , long - legged , long - billed shorebird first described by carolus linnaeus in 1758 .
aiolopus is a genus of grasshopper belonging to the family acrididae , subfamily oedipodinae .
the kagu or cagou ( rhynochetos jubatus ) is a crested , long - legged , and bluish - grey bird endemic to the dense mountain forests of new caledonia .
aiolopus strepens is a species of grasshopper belonging to the family acrididae , subfamily oedipodinae .
aiolopus thalassinus is a species of grasshopper belonging to the family acrididae , subfamily oedipodinae .
the southern austroicetes ( austroicetes frater ) is an australian grasshopper in the genus austroicetes .
the pallid - winged grasshopper ( trimerotropis pallidipennis ) is a common grasshopper of the family acrididae , native to the deserts of western north america from british columbia to argentina .
pardillana exempta is a species of grasshopper in the genus pardillana of the family acrididae .
schayera baiulus is a species of grasshopper in the family acrididae , endemic to australia .
chorthippus parallelus , the meadow grasshopper , is a common species of grasshopper found in non - arid grasslands throughout the well vegetated areas of europe and some adjoining areas of asia .
the rufous grasshopper is a medium - sized , broad , brown , ' short - horned ' grasshopper with clubbed antennae that are tipped with a conspicuous white or pale color .
the senegalese grasshopper ( oedaleus senegalensis ) is a medium - sized grasshopper species found in the sahel region of africa , the canary islands , cape verde islands and west asia .
the ant and the grasshopper , alternatively titled the grasshopper and the ant ( or ants ) , is one of aesop ' s fables , numbered 373 in the perry index .
alpinacris tumidicauda is a species of grasshopper only known from otago and southland , new zealand .
oedipoda is a genus of grasshoppers , including the blue - winged grasshopper , oedipoda caerulescens .
phyllochoreia is a genus of grasshopper endemic to the western ghats of india and sri lanka .
chorthippus albomarginatus , the lesser marsh grasshopper , is a common grasshopper of european grassland both damp - marshy and ( despite its name ) dry , including salt - marsh and coastal habitats .
aularches miliaris is a colorful grasshopper belonging to the family pyrgomorphidae found in south and southeast asia .
dociostaurus maroccanus , commonly known as the moroccan locust , is a grasshopper in the insect family acrididae .
the yellow - winged grasshopper ( gastrimargus musicus ) is a common grassland locust in australia and india .
the following is a list of the species of grasshopper , cricket and allied insects recorded from britain .
the red locust ( nomadacris septemfasciata ) is a large grasshopper species found in sub - saharan africa .
alpinacris crassicauda is a species of grasshopper only known from west coast region and tasman region , new zealand .
grasshopper is an outdoor 1988 copper sculpture by wayne chabre , located in salem , oregon , united states .
atractomorpha similis , commonly known as the northern grass pyrgomorph , is a species of grasshopper in the genus atractomorpha .
chorthippus brunneus , a member of the subfamily gomphocerinae , are more commonly referred to as the common field grasshopper .
the southern grasshopper mouse or scorpion mouse ( onychomys torridus ) is a species of rodent in the family cricetidae .
sphenarium purpurascens , in spanish : chapulín de la milpa or in portuguese : gafanhoto - do - milho ( translation : the corn field grasshopper ) , is a grasshopper species in the genus sphenarium found in mexico and guatemala .
bugdom 2 follows the adventure of a grasshopper named skip as he tries to get his stolen knapsack from bully bee .
the grasshopper escapement is an unusual , low - friction escapement for pendulum clocks invented by british clockmaker john harrison around 1722 .
the short - winged green grasshopper ( dichromorpha viridis ) is a common species of slant - faced grasshoppers found in north america .
the lipnur belalang ( grasshopper in indonesian ) was a military trainer aircraft built in small numbers in indonesia in the late 1950s .
the species has probably gone extinct near maspalomas as a consequence of the destruction of its habitat caused by touristic development . the recently discovered second site is threatened by the construction of houses . based on this threat , the species occurs only at one location .
phaulacridium otagoense is an endemic new zealand grasshopper found in low altitudes throughout the central south island ( mackenzie basin and central otago ) .
spharagemon collare , common name mottled sand grasshopper , is found in sandy - soiled , grassy areas of northern united states and southern canada .
kuznechik ( grasshopper ) was a bactrian camel that became known for following the soviet red army in its advance towards germany in world war ii .
the morogoro pretty grasshopper ( acanthothericles bicoloripes ) is a species of thericleid orthopteran that is endemic to lowland and submontane rainforests around morogoro in tanzania .
grasshopper glacier is located in shoshone national forest , in the us state of wyoming on the east of the continental divide in the wind river range .
phaulacridium marginale is an endemic new zealand grasshopper found in low altitudes throughout the north island , the south island , stewart island and on many smaller islands .
schistocerca americana is a species of grasshopper in the family acrididae known commonly as the american grasshoppersquitier , j . m . and j . l . capinera .
nsenene is the luganda name for a long - horned grasshopper ( more commonly called bush cricket or katydid ) that is a central ugandan delicacy as well as an important source of income .
the gran canaria crested grasshopper is endemic to gran canaria ( canary islands , spain ) , from which it is only known from a single locality in the north of the island ( sardina del norte , near gáldar ) , where it was recently rediscovered ( h . lópez pers . comm . 2016 ) . it was originally described from a single specimen found at the beach of maspalomas ( chopard 1954 ) , where it was never found again . the extent of occurrence ( eoo ) is between 4 and 10 km² , the area of occupancy ( aoo ) is 4 to 8 km² .
el chapulín colorado ( the red grasshopper or as captain hopper in the english version of el chavo : animated series ) is a mexican television comedy series that ran from 1972 to 1981 and parodied superhero shows .
the arbalète sauterelle type a , or simply sauterelle ( french for grasshopper ) , was a bomb - throwing crossbow used by french and british forces on the western front during world war i . it was designed to throw a hand grenade in a high trajectory into enemy trenches .
the migratory locust ( locusta migratoria ) is the most widespread locust species , and the only species in the genus locusta . it occurs throughout africa , asia , australia and new zealand . it used to be common in europe but has now become rare there . because of the vast geographic area it occupies , which comprises many different ecological zones , numerous subspecies have been described . however , not all experts agree on the validity of some of these subspecies . many other species of grasshopper with gregarious and possibly migratory behaviour are referred to as ' locusts ' in the vernacular , including the widely distributed desert locust .
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thank you for taking the time to provide feedback on the iucn red list of threatened species website , we are grateful for your input .
eades , d . c . , otte , d . , cigliano , m . m . and braun , h . 2016 . orthoptera species file . version 5 . 0 / 5 . 0 . available at : urltoken .
critically endangered b1ab ( iii , v ) + 2ab ( iii , v ) ver 3 . 1
in the south of gran canaria , the species has not been found since 1949 and is probably extinct . recently the species has been rediscovered in the north of the island . as the only known locality is strongly affected by the construction of houses , a continuing decline in the number of mature individuals is inferred .
the ecology of this species has not been studied . it is likely to prefer coastal open habitats with scarce vegetation , although its habitat preferences are not clear as the species has been only recently re - discovered . its next relatives are specialised on chenopodiaceae as food plants .
for the recently discovered subpopulation near sardina del norte , conservation action needs to be implemented immediately . particularly , the habitat needs to be protected from further deterioration . research on its population size , population trend and ecology is urgently needed . furthermore , a monitoring program needs to be implemented . it also should be studied if the species has survived elsewhere at the coast of gran canaria . the species is not present in protected areas .
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with the help of more than 100 of the iucn species survival commission’s specialist groups , global wildlife conservation has compiled this list of species considered lost across more than 160 countries as part of the search for lost species . the definition of “lost” varied by taxa . we welcome additional nominations and encourage conservationists , scientists and naturalists to launch searches for species on this broad list . report an observation on the search for lost species inauralist page . iucn red list of threatened species status key :
carìábido de doramas ( fide machado , a . , & morera , m . ( eds . ) . ( 2005 ) . nombres comunes de las plantas y los animales de canarias . islas canarias : academia canaria de la lengua .
probably extinct in martì _ n esquivel , j . l . , fajardo gonzìález , s . , cabrera pì©rez , m . ì . , arechavaleta hernìández , m . , aguiar clavijo , a . , martì _ n de abreu , s . , & naranjo morales , m . ( 2005 ) . evaluaciì _ n 2004 de especies amenazadas de canarias . especies en peligro de extinciì _ n , sensibles a la alteraciì _ n de su hìábitat y vulnerables . santa cruz de tenerife : consejerì _ a de medioi ambiente y ordenaciì _ n territorial , gobierno de canarias .
want more info ? go to urltoken or contact us at info @ urltoken .
there are lots of additional ways you can join the global search ! make a donation to support the expeditions . become a corporate sponsor of the initiative or sponsor a specific expedition . share the lost stories on facebook , instagram and twitter .
no matter how big or small , there is always something you can do to help spread the conservation message .
© 2017 global wildlife conservation . all rights reserved . global wildlife conservation is a registered 501 ( c ) ( 3 ) .
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upcoming events 2018 bugguide gathering in virginia july 27 - 29 : registration and discussion photos of insects and people from the 2015 gathering in wisconsin , july 10 - 12 photos of insects and people from the 2014 gathering in virginia , june 4 - 7 . photos of insects and people from the 2013 gathering in arizona , july 25 - 28 photos of insects and people from the 2012 gathering in alabama photos of insects and people from the 2011 gathering in iowa photos from the 2010 workshop in grinnell , iowa photos from the 2009 gathering in washington
melanoplus femurrubrum . this striking color pattern is not unusual in this species . in the west , similarly patterned ones sometimes have the dark areas colored blue .
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disclaimer : dedicated naturalists volunteer their time and resources here to provide this service . we strive to provide accurate information , but we are mostly just amateurs attempting to make sense of a diverse natural world . if you need expert professional advice , contact your local extension office .
contributors own the copyright to and are solely responsible for contributed content . click the contributor ' s name for licensing and usage information . everything else copyright © 2003 - 2018 iowa state university , unless otherwise noted .
the acrididae are the predominant family of grasshoppers , comprising some 10 , 000 of the 11 , 000 species of the entire suborder caelifera .
the silent slant - faced grasshoppers make up the subfamily acridinae of the insect family acrididae .
acridini is a tribe of insects in the subfamily acridinae ( silent slant - faced grasshoppers ) of the insect family acrididae .
the african crake ( crex egregia ) is a bird in the rail family that breeds in most of sub - saharan africa away from the arid south and southwest .
the african golden wolf ( canis anthus ) , also known as the african wolf or thoa , is a canid native to north and northeastern africa .
allomerus decemarticulatus is an amazonian ant species found in the tropics of south america .
the alpine chough , or yellow - billed chough , ( pyrrhocorax graculus ) is a bird in the crow family , one of only two species in the genus pyrrhocorax .
alqōsh ( ܐܠܩܘܫ , judeo - aramaic : אלקוש , ألقوش ) , alternatively spelled al - qosh or alqush , is an assyrian town in northern iraq .
the american kestrel ( falco sparverius ) , sometimes colloquially known as the sparrow hawk , is a small falcon , and the only kestrel found in the americas .
the american robin ( turdus migratorius ) is a migratory songbird of the thrush family .
angling is a method of fishing by means of an
angle
( fish hook ) .
angling in yellowstone national park is a major reason many visitors come to the park each year and since it was created in 1872 , the park has drawn anglers from around the world to fish its waters .
angolan cuisine is the cuisine of angola , a country in south - central africa .
animal communication is the transfer of information from one or a group of animals ( sender or senders ) to one or more other animals ( receiver or receivers ) which affects either the current or future behavior of the receivers .
animal suicide refers to self - destructive behavior displayed by various species of animal that becomes likened to suicide .
anti - predator adaptations are mechanisms developed through evolution that assist prey organisms in their constant struggle against predators .
the costa rican zebra tarantula , also known as the striped - knee tarantula ( aphonopelma seemanni ) , is a species of tarantula inhabiting most of western costa rica , as well as other parts of central america , such as honduras and nicaragua , and possibly guatemala .
aposematism ( from greek ἀπό apo away , σ̑ημα sema sign , coined by edward bagnall poultonpoulton , 1890 . foldout
the colours of animals classified according to their uses
, after page 339 . ) , perhaps most commonly known in the context of warning coloration , describes a family of antipredator adaptations where a warning signal is associated with the unprofitability of a prey item to potential predators .
the four - spot orb - weaver ( araneus quadratus ) is a common orb - weaver spider found in europe and central asia , and as far as the kamchatka peninsula and japan .
arm slaves are fictional mecha from the light novel , manga , and anime series full metal panic ! .
an artificial fly or fly lure is a type of fishing lure , usually used in the sport of fly fishing ( although they may also be used in other forms of angling ) .
association football club names are a part of the sport ' s culture , reflecting century - old traditions .
the biodiversity of great britain and ireland is probably the most well - studied of any geographical area of comparable size anywhere in the world .
attwater ' s prairie chicken ( tympanuchus cupido attwateri ) is a highly endangered subspecies of the greater prairie chicken that is native to coastal texas and louisiana in the united states .
the australian magpie ( cracticus tibicen ) is a medium - sized black and white passerine bird native to australia and southern new guinea .
the australian owlet - nightjar ( aegotheles cristatus ) is a nocturnal bird found in open woodland across australia and in southern new guinea .
the australian raven ( corvus coronoides ) is a passerine bird in the genus corvus native to much of southern and northeastern australia .
the moroccan auxiliary forces ( berber : idwasen imawwasen or imxazniyen , arabic : القوات المساعدة al - quwwāt al - musā ` idah , french : forces auxiliaires marocaines ) is a paramilitary force legally part of the royal moroccan armed forces but following the command of the ministry of the interior , and supplements the military , gendarmerie and police when needed .
axon guidance ( also called axon pathfinding ) is a subfield of neural development concerning the process by which neurons send out axons to reach the correct targets .
in addition to the normal karyotype , wild populations of many animal , plant , and fungi species contain b chromosomes ( also known as supernumerary or accessory chromosomes ) .
the banded kestrel ( falco zoniventris ) is a bird of prey belonging to the falcon family falconidae .
bandwings , or band - winged grasshoppers ( subfamily oedipodinae ) is a group of insects classified under the family acrididae .
a barber ' s pole is a type of sign used by barbers to signify the place or shop where they perform their craft .
the barred eagle - owl ( bubo sumatranus ) , also called the malay eagle - owl , is a species of owl in the strigidae family .
the barred owl ( strix varia ) is a large typical owl native to north america .
the bat - eared fox ( otocyon megalotis ) is a species of fox found on the african savanna , named for its large ears , .
is a line of small 2
tall action figure toys , in the form of an anthropomorphised animals with body armor and a unique weapon .
bee 52 is a side scrolling game for the nintendo entertainment system ( nes ) .
for the 1947 docudrama , see the beginning or the end beginning of the end is a 1957 american science fiction film directed by bert i . gordon and starring peter graves and peggie castle .
belonogaster juncea juncea is a subspecies of belonogaster juncea and is classified as a primitively eusocial wasp , meaning that the species is social while exhibiting a morphology that is indistinguishable from that of other castes .
benno ii ( – 27 july 1088 ) was bishop of osnabrück from 1068 until his death .
- - - - the bessarabia germans ( bessarabiendeutsche , germani basarabeni ) are an ethnic group who lived in bessarabia ( today part of moldova and ukraine ) between 1814 and 1940 .
the term bible diet ( also known as the maker ' s diet ) is used to refer to a diet promoted on radio and in books by writer and motivational speaker jordan s . rubin , who says it is based on teachings from leviticus , deuteronomy and other books of the bible , that certain foods are either forbidden (
unclean
) or acceptable (
clean
) to god .
big two - hearted river
is a two - part short story written by american author ernest hemingway , published in the 1925 boni & liveright edition of in our time , the first american volume of hemingway ' s short stories .
bio - inspired robotic locomotion is a fairly new sub - category of bio - inspired design .
the biodiversity of new zealand , a large island nation located in the southwestern pacific ocean , is one of the most varied and unique on earth due to its long isolation from other continental landmasses .
bizarre foods with andrew zimmern is a travel and cuisine television show hosted by andrew zimmern on the travel channel .
the black - backed jackal ( canis mesomelas ) is a canid native to two areas of africa , separated by roughly 900 km .
the black - crowned central american squirrel monkey ( saimiri oerstedii oerstedii ) is a subspecies of the central american squirrel monkey .
the black - headed dwarf chameleon ( bradypodion melanocephalum ) is a lizard of the family chamaeleonidae endemic to kwazulu - natal , south africa .
the black - shouldered kite ( elanus axillaris ) or australian black - shouldered kite is a small raptor found in open habitat throughout australia and resembles similar species found in africa , eurasia and north america , which have in the past also been named as black - shouldered kites .
blister beetles are beetles of the family meloidae , so called for their defensive secretion of a blistering agent , cantharidin .
the blue crane ( anthropoides paradiseus ) , also known as the stanley crane and the paradise crane , is the national bird of south africa .
the blue mountains water skink ( eulamprus leuraensis ) is a species of skink in the family scincidae .
the blue - bellied roller ( coracias cyanogaster ) is a member of the roller family of birds which breeds across africa in a narrow belt from senegal to northeast democratic republic of the congo .
the blue - headed vireo ( vireo solitarius ) is a neotropical migrating song bird found in north and central america .
boea is a genus of plants in the gesneriaceae ( gesneriads ) family , with species originating from australia , china , india , malaysia , birma , philippines , polynesia , solomon islands , thailand , papua new guinea , indonesia , nepal , bhutan , cambodia , vietnam and laos .
the boveri–sutton chromosome theory ( also known as the chromosome theory of inheritance or the sutton–boveri theory ) is a fundamental unifying theory of genetics which identifies chromosomes as the carriers of genetic material .
the brook trout ( salvelinus fontinalis ) is a species of freshwater fish in the salmon family salmonidae .
the brown anole ( anolis sagrei ) , also known as the bahaman anole or de la sagra ' s anole , is a lizard native to cuba and the bahamas .
the brown thrasher ( toxostoma rufum ) is a bird in the family mimidae , which also includes the new world catbirds and mockingbirds .
brunneria borealis , common name brunner ' s mantis , brunner ' s stick mantis , or northern grass mantis , is a species of praying mantis native to the southern united states .
bugdom is a 1999 platform video game originally created by pangea software for the mac os 9 .
bunyan bugs are a series of synthetic objects used as fly rod bait in fly - fishing , designed to look like a wide variety of insects , including grasshoppers , stoneflies , mayflies , horse flies , bumble bees , ants and caddis flies .
the cactus wren ( campylorhynchus brunneicapillus ) is a species of wren that is native to the southwestern united states southwards to central mexico .
calamovilfa longifolia is a species of grass known by the common names prairie sandreed and sand reedgrass .
the california leaf - nosed bat ( macrotus californicus ) is a species of bat in the family phyllostomidae .
camouflage is the use of any combination of materials , coloration , or illumination for concealment , either by making animals or objects hard to see ( crypsis ) , or by disguising them as something else ( mimesis ) .
the canadian synchrotron radiation facility ( csrf ) ( institut canadien du rayonnement synchrotron - icrs ) was canada ' s national synchrotron facility from 1983 - 2005 .
the cape starling , red - shouldered glossy - starling or cape glossy starling ( lamprotornis nitens ) is a species of starling in the family sturnidae .
caragana arborescens , caragana or siberian peashrub , is a species of legume native to siberia and parts of china ( heilongjiang xinjiang ) and neighboring mongolia and kazakhstan .
the carolina wren ( thryothorus ludovicianus ) is a common species of wren that is a resident in the eastern half of the united states of america , the extreme south of ontario , canada , and the extreme northeast of mexico .
the caspian plover ( charadrius asiaticus ) is a wader in the plover family of birds .
cassava ( manihot esculenta ) production is vital to the economy of nigeria as the country is the world ' s largest producer of the commodity .
cassin ' s sparrow ( peucaea cassinii ) is a medium - sized sparrow .
the cattle egret ( bubulcus ibis ) is a cosmopolitan species of heron ( family ardeidae ) found in the tropics , subtropics and warm temperate zones .
the central american squirrel monkey ( saimiri oerstedii ) is a squirrel monkey species from the pacific coast of costa rica and panama .
the central asian northern desert is an ecoregion in the deserts and xeric shrublands biome , located in the central asian countries of kazakhstan and uzbekistan .
ceratonia siliqua , commonly known as the carob tree , st john ' s - bread , or locust bean ( not to be confused with the african locust bean ) is a species of flowering evergreen shrub or tree in the pea family , fabaceae .
the chamaesaura , also known as grass lizards , are a genus of legless lizards from southern and eastern africa .
chameleons or chamaeleons ( family chamaeleonidae ) are a distinctive and highly specialized clade of old world lizards with 202 species described as of june 2015 .
chapulines , plural for chapulín , are grasshoppers of the genus sphenarium , that are commonly eaten in certain areas of mexico .
chargaff ' s rules states that dna from any cell of all organisms should have a 1 : 1 ratio ( base pair rule ) of pyrimidine and purine bases and , more specifically , that the amount of guanine is equal to cytosine and the amount of adenine is equal to thymine .
charles valentine riley ( 1843 - 1895 ) was a british - born american entomologist and artist .
charles w . woodworth ( april 28 , 1865 – november 19 , 1940 ) was an american entomologist .
the chinese mantis ( tenodera sinensis ) is a species of praying mantis native to china and other parts of asia and islands off of mainland asia .
is the fourth film adaptation of the popular kamen rider series kamen rider den - o , following kamen rider den - o : i ' m born ! , kamen rider den - o & kiva : climax deka , and saraba kamen rider den - o : final countdown .
cholula ( spanish ) is a city and district located in the center west of the state of puebla , next to the city of puebla de zaragoza , in central mexico .
two species of chough constitute the genus pyrrhocorax of the corvidae ( crow ) family of birds .
the cirl bunting , emberiza cirlus , is a passerine bird in the bunting family emberizidae , a group now separated by most modern authors from the finches , fringillidae .
citrix systems , inc . is an american multinational software company founded in 1989 that provides server , application and desktop virtualization , networking , software - as - a - service ( saas ) , and cloud computing technologies .
climate change in the us state of washington is a subject of study and projection today .
the columbia spotted frog ( rana luteiventris ) is a north american species of frog .
the common dwarf mongoose ( helogale parvula ) , sometimes just called the dwarf mongoose , is a small african carnivore belonging to the mongoose family ( herpestidae ) .
the common myna ( acridotheres tristis ) , sometimes spelled mynah , also sometimes known as
indian myna
, is a member of the family sturnidae ( starlings and mynas ) native to asia .
the common planigale ( planigale maculata ) , also known as the pygmy planigale or the coastal planigale , is one of many small marsupial carnivores known as
marsupial mice
found in australia .
the common poorwill ( phalaenoptilus nuttallii ) is a nocturnal bird of the family caprimulgidae , the nightjars .
the common starling ( sturnus vulgaris ) , also known as the european starling , or in the british isles just the starling , is a medium - sized passerine bird in the starling family , sturnidae .
the common tody - flycatcher or black - fronted tody - flycatcher ( todirostrum cinereum ) is a very small passerine bird in the tyrant flycatcher family .
the islamic dietary laws ( halal ) and the jewish dietary laws ( kashrut ; in english , kosher ) are both quite detailed , and contain both points of similarity and discord .
concordia normal school located in concordia , kansas was a state - funded normal school operated by the kansas state government from 1874 until 1876 .
the corn crake , corncrake or landrail ( crex crex ) is a bird in the rail family .
the corpus clock is a large sculptural clock at street level on the outside of the taylor library at corpus christi college , cambridge university , in the united kingdom , at the junction of bene ' t street and trumpington street , looking out over king ' s parade .
crematogaster is an ecologically diverse genus of ants found worldwide , which are characterised by a distinctive heart - shaped gaster ( abdomen ) , which gives one of their common names , valentine ant .
crepitation refers to situations where noises are produced by the rubbing of parts one against the other , as in .
the cretaceous , derived from the latin
creta
( chalk ) , usually abbreviated k for its german translation kreide ( chalk ) , is a geologic period and system from to years ( ma ) ago .
crickets , family gryllidae ( also known as
true crickets
) , are insects related to grasshoppers .
the crimson fruitcrow ( haematoderus militaris ) is a species of bird in the large family cotingidae , not a crow .
crossley ' s vanga ( mystacornis crossleyi ) , also known as crossley ' s babbler - vanga , crossley ' s babbler , or madagascar groundjumper , is a bird species in the family vangidae .
cryptococcus ( greek for
hidden sphere
) is a genus of fungus .
centrafrican cuisine includes the cuisines , cooking traditions , practices , ingredients and foods of the central african republic ( car ) .
the cutthroat trout is a fish species of the family salmonidae native to cold - water tributaries of the pacific ocean , rocky mountains , and great basin in north america .
daniel otte ( born 14 march 1939 ) is a noted behavior ecologist , a world expert on crickets and grasshoppers and a prominent scientific illustrator .
dave ' s hopper is an artificial fly used for fly fishing , designed to imitate adult grasshoppers and other orthoptera species .
the cuisine of the democratic republic of the congo varies widely , representing the food of indigenous people .
dickinson ' s kestrel ( falco dickinsoni ) is a bird of prey of southern and eastern africa belonging to the falcon family falconidae .
discotettix is an genus of insects found in malaysia , belonging to the tetrigidae family of orthopterans .
discotettix adenanii is an insect found in malaysia , belonging to the tetrigidae family .
discotettix selangori is an insect found in malaysia , belonging to the tetrigidae family .
dissection ( from latin dissecare
to cut to pieces
; also called anatomization , from greek anatomia , from ana -
up
and temnein
to cut
) is the process of disassembling and observing something to determine its internal structure and as an aid to discerning the functions and relationships of its components .
dissosteira is a genus of grasshoppers in the family acrididae found in north america .
doctor dolittle is an animated series produced by depatie - freleng enterprises in association with 20th century fox television .
the are the fictional antagonists in the kamen rider series kamen rider w . dopants are normal humans who use gaia memories .
the dusky grouse ( dendragapus obscurus ) is a species of forest - dwelling grouse native to the rocky mountains in north america .
east polden grasslands is a 124 hectare biological site of special scientific interest on the polden hills in somerset , notified in 1999 .
the eastern coyote ( canis latrans var . ) , also known as the new england canid or tweed wolf , is a wild northern american canid of mixed wolf - coyote parentage present in new england , new york , new jersey , pennsylvania , ontario , quebec , new brunswick , nova scotia , and newfoundland and labrador .
the eastern screech owl ( megascops asio ) is a small owl that is relatively common in eastern north america , from mexico to canada .
the echigo - tsumari art triennial is an international modern art festival held once every three years in the niigata prefecture , japan .
the ecology of banksia refers to all the relationships and interactions among the plant genus banksia and its environment .
the ecology of the rocky mountains is diverse due to the effects of a variety of environmental factors .
estella eleanor carothers ( 4 december 1882 – 1957 ) , known primarily as eleanor carothers , was an american zoologist , geneticist , and cytologist known for her work with grasshoppers .
electronic pest control is the name given to the use of any of the several types of electrically powered devices designed to repel or eliminate pests , usually rodents or insects .
electrotettix is an extinct genus of pygmy locust found in amber collected in the dominican republic .
the emu ( dromaius novaehollandiae ) is the second - largest living bird in the world by height , after its ratite relative , the ostrich .
endophenotype is a genetic epidemiology term which is used to separate behavioral symptoms into more stable phenotypes with a clear genetic connection .
endrin is an organochloride with the chemical formula c12h8cl6o that was first produced in 1950 by shell and velsicol chemical corporation .
ensifera is a suborder of the order orthoptera , including insects in the families gryllidae ( true crickets ) , prophalangopsidae ( grigs ) , stenopelmatidae ( jerulalem crickets , king crickets , tree and giant wetas ) , gryllacrididae ( leaf - rolling and raspy crickets ) , cooloolidae ( cooloola monsters ) , rhaphidophoridae ( cave and camel crickets ) , schizodactylidae ( dune or splay - footed crickets ) and tettigoniidae ( bush crickets or katydids ) .
entomology ( from greek ἔντομος , moment ,
that which is cut in pieces or engraved / segmented
, hence
insect
; and - λογία , - logia ) is the scientific study of insects , a branch of zoology .
entomophagy ( from greek ἔντομον éntomon ,
insect
, and φᾰγεῖν phagein ,
to eat
) is the human consumption of insects as food : human insectivory .
epicauta vittata is a species of beetle in the family meloidae , the blister beetles .
the etruscan shrew ( suncus etruscus ) , also known as the etruscan pygmy shrew or the white - toothed pygmy shrew is the smallest known mammal by mass , weighing only about on average ( in russian ) .
eumorsea is a genus of grasshoppers in the family eumastacidae , the monkey grasshoppers .
euprenolepis procera is a species of ant found in the rainforests of south east asia .
evidence of common descent of living organisms has been discovered by scientists researching in a variety of disciplines over many decades and has demonstrated common descent of all life on earth developing from a last universal ancestor .
the exopterygota , also known as hemipterodea , are a superorder of insects of the subclass pterygota in the infraclass neoptera , in which the young resemble adults but have externally developing wings .
an exoskeleton ( from greek έξω , éxō
outer
and σκελετός , skeletos
skeleton
) is the external skeleton that supports and protects an animal ' s body , in contrast to the internal skeleton ( endoskeleton ) of , for example , a human .
the apapane ( himatione sanguinea ) is a species of hawaiian honeycreeper , that is endemic to hawaii .
the fourth season of the syfy reality television series face off premiered on january 15 , 2013 and ended march 26 , 2013 .
fasciclin 2 ( fas2 or fasii ) is a 95 kilodalton cell membrane glycoprotein in the immunoglobulin ( ig ) – related superfamily of cell adhesion molecules ( cams ) .
the fauna of australia consists of a huge variety of animals ; some 83 % of mammals , 89 % of reptiles , 24 % of fish and insects and 93 % of amphibians that inhabit the continent are endemic to australia .
the fauna of the australian capital territory includes representatives from most major australian animal groups .
the fieldfare ( turdus pilaris ) is a member of the thrush family turdidae .
the fiji woodswallow ( artamus mentalis ) is a species of woodswallow in the family artamidae .
fipronil is a broad - use insecticide that belongs to the phenylpyrazole chemical family . fipronil is a broad - spectrum insecticide that disrupts the insect central nervous system by blocking gaba - gated chloride channels and glutamate - gated chloride ( glucl ) channels , resulting in central nervous system toxicity .
first street ( chinese : 第一街 ) is a street in sai ying pun , an early suburb of hong kong .
fishing bait is any substance used to attract and catch fish , e . g . on the end of a fishing hook , or inside a fish trap .
the flap - necked chameleon , chamaeleo dilepis , is a species of arboreal lizard native to sub - saharan africa .
the florissant fossil bed national monument is a national monument located in teller county , colorado .
fly fishing is an angling method in which an artificial
fly
is used to catch fish .
fork - marked lemurs or fork - crowned lemurs are strepsirrhine primates ; the four species comprise the genus phaner .
the four - toed elephant shrew or four - toed sengi is the only living species in the genus petrodromus , which together with three other extant genera rhynchocyon , macroscelides and elephantulus constitutes the order macroscelidea .
foxley wood is an 11 . 36 hectare local nature reserve and site of borough importance for nature conservation , grade 1 , in purley in the london borough of croydon .
francis henry maynard , known as frank h . maynard ( december 16 , 1853 – march 28 , 1926 ) , was an old - time cowboy of the american west who claimed authorship of the revised version of the well - known ballad
the streets of laredo
.
frank phillips ( november 28 , 1873 & ndash ; august 23 , 1950 ) founded phillips petroleum in bartlesville , oklahoma ( marketed as phillips 66 ) in 1917 , along with his brother , lee eldas
l . e .
phillips , sr .
friedmann ' s lark ( mirafra pulpa ) is a species of lark in the alaudidae family .
fringe - toed lizards are lizards of the genus uma in the family phrynosomatidae , native to deserts of north america .
frogs are a diverse and largely carnivorous group of short - bodied , tailless amphibians composing the order anura ( ancient greek an - , without + oura , tail ) .
a gapeworm ( syngamus trachea ) , also known as a red worm and forked worm , is a parasitic nematode worm infecting the tracheas of certain birds .
the garden dormouse ( eliomys quercinus ) is a rodent in the dormouse family .
gavialidium is a genus of insects found in malaysia , belonging to the tetrigidae family of orthopterans .
gavialidium phangensum is an insect found in malaysia , belonging to the tetrigidae family .
a genet ( pronounced or ) is a member of the genus genetta , which comprises 14 to 17 species of small african carnivorans .
geoffroy ' s tamarin ( saguinus geoffroyi ) , also known as the panamanian , red - crested or rufous - naped tamarin , is a tamarin , a type of small monkey , found in panama and colombia .
count giuseppe zinanni or ginanni ( 7 november 1692 ravenna – 23 october 1753 in the same city ) was an italian naturalist .
the glossy ibis ( plegadis falcinellus ) is a wading bird in the ibis family threskiornithidae .
the gnateaters are a bird family , conopophagidae , consisting of ten small passerine species in two genera , which occur in south and central america .
the golden - fronted woodpecker ( melanerpes aurifrons ) is a north american woodpecker .
the golden - rumped elephant shrew ( rhynchocyon chrysopygus ) is the largest species in the african elephant shrew family .
goofy and wilbur is a cartoon produced by walt disney productions and released by rko radio pictures on march 17 , 1939 .
gotthilf hempel ( born march 8 , 1929 ) is a retired german marine biologist and oceanographer .
graeme ruxton is a zoologist known for his research into behavioural ecology and evolutionary ecology .
in zoology , a graminivore ( not to be confused with a granivore ) is an herbivorous animal that feeds primarily on grass ( specifically
true
grasses , plants of the family poaceae ) .
the grand comoro drongo ( dicrurus fuscipennis ) is a species of bird in the dicruridae family .
grasses , or more technically graminoids , are monocotyledonous , usually herbaceous plants with narrow leaves growing from the base .
grasshoppers ( cavallette ) is an animated short by bruno bozzetto which condenses the whole of human civilization into 9 minutes , focusing primarily on the human race ' s predilection for warfare and the vanity of war .
grasslands are areas where the vegetation is dominated by grasses ( poaceae ) , however sedge ( cyperaceae ) and rush ( juncaceae ) families can also be found .
saint gratus of aosta ( san grato di aosta , saint grat d ' aoste ) ( d . september 7 , c . 470 ad ) is the patron saint of aosta .
the great bustard ( otis tarda ) is in the bustard family , the only member of the genus otis .
the great grey shrike , northern grey shrike , or northern shrike ( lanius excubitor ) is a large songbird species in the shrike family ( laniidae ) .
the great horned owl ( bubo virginianus ) , also known as the tiger owl ( originally derived from early naturalists ' description as the
winged tiger
or
tiger of the air
) or the hoot owl , austing , g . r . & holt , jr . , j . b . ( 1966 ) .
the great potoo ( nyctibius grandis ) is a bird , both the largest potoo species and the largest member of the order caprimulgiformes ( nightjars and allies ) .
the great pyramid of cholula , also known as tlachihualtepetl ( nahuatl for
artificial mountain
) , is a huge complex located in cholula , puebla , mexico .
the greater kestrel or white - eyed kestrel ( falco rupicoloides ) is a bird of prey belonging to the falcon family falconidae .
the greater rhea ( rhea americana ) is a flightless bird found in eastern south america .
the greater short - horned lizard ( phrynosoma hernandesi ) , also commonly known as the mountain short - horned lizard , is a species of lizard endemic to western north america .
in the earliest times the greeks wore their hair kome ( long ) , and thus they are constantly called in homer karekomoontes .
the green iguana ( iguana iguana ) , also known as common iguana or american iguana , is a large , arboreal , mostly herbivorous species of lizard of the genus iguana native to central , south america , and the caribbean .
the grey - crowned central american squirrel monkey ( saimiri oerstedii citrinellus ) is a subspecies of the central american squirrel monkey .
the grey - necked rockfowl ( picathartes oreas ) is a medium - sized bird in the family picathartidae with a long neck and tail .
the groundhog ( marmota monax ) , also known as a woodchuck , or whistlepig , is a rodent of the family sciuridae , belonging to the group of large ground squirrels known as marmots .
growing up in the universe was a series of lectures given by richard dawkins as part of the royal institution christmas lectures , in which he discussed the evolution of life in the universe .
guindy national park is a protected area of tamil nadu , located in chennai , south india , is the 8th smallest national park of india and one of the very few national parks situated inside a city .
the are a fictional race creatures who act as the antagonists in the 2000 kamen rider series kamen rider kuuga .
habigbagim ( hebrew : הביגבגים ) is an israeli educational television program for preschoolers , which aired on the israeli children channel between 1998 and 2000 .
the hairy frog ( trichobatrachus robustus ) , also known as the horror frog or wolverine frog , is a central african species of frog in the arthroleptidae family .
hawk is a common name for some small to medium - sized diurnal birds of prey , widely distributed and varying greatly in size .
hedotettix is an genus of insects found in china , belonging to the tetrigidae family of orthopterans .
hedotettix brachynota is an insect found in china , belonging to the tetrigidae family .
hedotettix grossivalva is an insect found in china , belonging to the tetrigidae family .
hedotettix xueshanensis is an insect found in china , belonging to the tetrigidae family .
hellgrammite ( roderick rose ) is a fictional character , a supervillain appearing in dc comics , commonly as an enemy of superman .
hemimetabolism or hemimetaboly , also called incomplete metamorphosis and paurometabolism , mcgavin , george c . essential entomology : an order - by - order introduction .
hemolymph , or haemolymph , is a fluid , analogous to the blood in vertebrates , that circulates in the interior of the arthropod body remaining in direct contact with the animal ' s tissues .
henry ' s amazing animals ( more commonly known as amazing animals ) is an educational children ' s nature program produced by dorling kindersley and originally broadcast on the disney channel in 1996 .


hemigrammus pulcher is a semi-popular aquarium species , also known as the pretty tetra , garnet tetra or black wedge tetra .

in the wild , the species is found near iquitos in the peruvian amazon , and probably also in brazil and colombia .

hemigrammus pulcher

hemigrammus rhodostomus is found in the lower amazon river of south america in paraguay and aripiranga .
also known as the garnet or black wedge tetra , h . pulcher is deservedly popular in the hobby . it’s both hardy and inexpensive , and is a good choice for the beginner . there was previously a subspecies , h . pulcher haraldi . this has now been reclassified as a distinct species , h . haraldi .
the south american tetras , placed in the subfamily tetragonopterinae within characidae , comprise numerous genera , including hemigrammus , hyphessobrycon , paracheirodon ( the neon , green , and cardinal tetras ) , and tetragonopterus .
description : it is hard to describe the body colors of pretty tetra , because it depends on the light , but it can range from violet to copper . the belly area is lighter , sometimes yellow . there is a shiny copper marking behind the gill cover . the upper part of the iris is red . the fins are transparent . a shiny light line extends on the caudal pedunce , and a thick black band runs below this line . hemigrammus pulcher was first imported to europe in the late 1930’s , and it has been succesfully bred a little later . like all hemigrammus , the taxonomic status of this species is currently uncertain and scientists agree that a full revision is required .
like all hemigrammus , the taxonomic status of this species is currently incertae sedis , meaning uncertain . the genus is currently used as something of a catch - all for over 70 species of small characin . most experts agree that a full revision is required , with the likely outcome that many species will be placed into new or different genera .
this species occurs in the peruvian amazon in the marañon and ucayali river basins ( ortega et al . 2012 ) in the amazon basin of colombia ( mojica et al . 2005 ) , and in the napo river basin of ecuador ( barriga 2012 ) . it apparently also occurs in brazil , although this may be the similar - looking hemigrammus haraldi ( f . lima pers . comm . 2007 ) .
will do fine in most ‘general’ community tanks . it is lively , quite colourful and peaceful . it’s a good tankmate for most livebearers , danios , rasboras , other tetras and peaceful bottom dwellers such as corydoras or smaller loricariids . it can also be kept with the majority of commonly available gouramis and dwarf cichlids . it is quite shy , so don’t keep it with anything much larger or more boisterous . in a biotope tank as described above , it can be combined with other hemigrammus or hyphessobrycon species , pencil fish , apistogramma dwarf cichlids and the aforementioned bottom dwellers .
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thank you for taking the time to provide feedback on the iucn red list of threatened species website , we are grateful for your input .
chuctaya , j . , ortega torres , h . , correa , e . , reis , r . & lima , f .
justification : this species is assessed as least concern because it has a wide distribution , is common , and there are no known major threats currently affecting it .
this species has a stable population trend at present . it appears to be relatively common around iquitos and probably in another localities in the peruvian amazon .
this species inhabits large streams and rivers , and probably associated flood plains . a generalist mid - water swimmer , feeding on insects , plant matter , and the like .
the species is harvested for the pet trade , although not currently at a level that is causing concern .
it is harvested for the aquarium trade , but probably not as intensively in a way that could jeopardize natural populations . there are no other meaningful impacts known to affect the species .
there are no conservation measures in place and research into the population trends are required . it is not known if populations are found in protected areas .
chuctaya , j . , ortega torres , h . , correa , e . , reis , r . & lima , f . 2016 .
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endemic to the upper amazon in peru . the vast majority of specimens seen for sale in the uk originate from commercial farms in eastern europe .
a standard 24″ x 15″ x 12″ ( 60cm x 37 . 5cm x 30cm ) – 70 litre tank is suitable for a small shoal of these .
as it is captive bred , it’s adaptable and will do well in most tanks . it does look particularly effective in a heavily - planted arrangement , though , and can appear a little washed out in very spartan setups .
if you really want to see it at its best , you could set up a biotope tank . use a substrate of river sand and add a few driftwood branches ( if you can’t find driftwood of the desired shape , common beech is safe to use if thoroughly dried and stripped of bark ) and twisted roots . a few handfuls of dried leaves ( again beech can be used , or oak leaves are also suitable ) would complete the natural feel . allow the wood and leaves to stain the water the colour of weak tea , removing old leaves and replacing them every few weeks so they don’t rot and foul the water . a small net bag filled with aquarium - safe peat can be added to the filter to aid in the simulation of black water conditions . use fairly dim lighting . under these conditions , the true beauty of the fish will be revealed .
easy to feed . it will readily accept just about anything offered . for the best condition and colours offer regular meals of small live and frozen foods such as bloodworm , daphnia and brine shrimp , along with dried flakes and granules .
always buy a group of at least 6 of these , preferably 10 or more . it is a shoaling species by nature , and will fare much better when in the company of its own kind . it actually looks far more effective when maintained like this anyway .
apparently , it can be sexed by examining the swim bladder , which is fairly visible through the translucent skin of the fish . this tapers to a point in males , but is rounded in females . adult females also tend to be slightly larger and more heavy - bodied than males .
quite easily accomplished . you’ll need to set up a separate tank if you want to raise decent numbers of fry . something around 18″ x 10″ x 10″ in size is fine . this should be very dimly lit and contain clumps of fine - leaved plants such as java moss or spawning mops , to give the fish somewhere to deposit their eggs . alternatively , you could cover the base of the tank with some kind of mesh . this should be of a large enough grade so that the eggs can fall through it , but small enough so that the adults cannot reach them . the water should be soft and acidic in the range ph 5 . 5 - 6 . 5 , gh 1 - 5 , with a temperature of around 80 - 84°f . filtering the water through peat is useful , as is the use of ro water . a small air - powered sponge filter bubbling away very gently is all that is needed in terms of filtration .
it can be spawned in a group , with half a dozen specimens of each sex being a good number . condition these with plenty of small live foods and spawning should not present too many problems .
alternatively , it can be spawned in pairs . under this technique , the fish are conditioned in male and female groups in separate tanks . when the females are noticeably full of eggs and the males are displaying their best colours , select the fattest female and best - coloured male and transfer them to the spawning tank in the evening . they should spawn the following morning .
in either situation , the adults will eat the eggs given the chance and should be removed as soon as eggs are noticed . these will hatch in 24 - 36 hours , with the fry becoming free swimming a 3 - 4 days later . they should be fed on an infusoria – type food for the first few days , until they are large enough to accept microworm or brine shrimp nauplii . the eggs and fry are light sensitive in the early stages of life and the tank should be kept in darkness if possible .
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special publication of the center for biodiversity research and information , no . 1 , vol 1 - 3
disclaimer : itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available , and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties . however , it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes . while every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and up - to - date information available , ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in provisions of treaties to which the united states is a party , wildlife statutes , regulations , and any applicable notices that have been published in the federal register . for further information on u . s . legal requirements with respect to protected taxa , please contact the u . s . fish and wildlife service .
confused by a class within a class or an order within an order ? please see our brief essay .
to cite this page : myers , p . , r . espinosa , c . s . parr , t . jones , g . s . hammond , and t . a . dewey . 2018 . the animal diversity web ( online ) . accessed at https : / / animaldiversity . org .
disclaimer : the animal diversity web is an educational resource written largely by and for college students . adw doesn ' t cover all species in the world , nor does it include all the latest scientific information about organisms we describe . though we edit our accounts for accuracy , we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts . while adw staff and contributors provide references to books and websites that we believe are reputable , we cannot necessarily endorse the contents of references beyond our control .
this material is based upon work supported by the national science foundation grants drl 0089283 , drl 0628151 , due 0633095 , drl 0918590 , and due 1122742 . additional support has come from the marisla foundation , um college of literature , science , and the arts , museum of zoology , and information and technology services .
tank size - max . 40 liter max . 60 liter max . 80 liter max . 100 liter max . 150 liter max . 200 liter max . 250 liter max . 300 liter max . 400 liter max . 500 liter > 500 liter
social behavior : a peaceful and active schooling characin , that is a good choice for a general community tank , but can be a little shy , so keep them only with similar sized and peaceful fish . they should be kept in a group of at least 6 species .
diet : omnivorous ; they will readily accept all kinds of foods , but regular live foods are necessary to maintain their colors .
decoration : they can be kept either in a densely planted tank , or in a biotope aquarium . in the latter case use river sand as substrate and decorate the tank with some driftwood branches or roots . a few dried leaves in their tank can stain the water like in their natural habitat , or you can use peat filtered ro water . use subdued lighting .
feeds on worms , small crustaceans and plants . in captivity , spawning takes place among plants and eggs usually hatch in 20 to 24 hours ( ref . 7020 ) . maximum length reported to reach 4 . 5 cm tl ( ref . 7020 ) . aquarium keeping : in groups of 5 or more individuals ; minimum aquarium size 60 cm ( ref . 51539 ) .
eol content is automatically assembled from many different content providers . as a result , from time to time you may find pages on eol that are confusing .
to request an improvement , please leave a comment on the page . thank you !
greek , hemi = half + greek , gramma = letter , signal ( ref . 45335 )
freshwater ; benthopelagic ; ph range : 5 . 0 - 6 . 0 ; dh range : 5 - 12 . tropical ; 23°c - 27°c ( ref . 1672 )
maturity : l m ? range ? - ? cm max length : 3 . 3 cm sl male / unsexed ; ( ref . 38376 )
feeds on worms , small crustaceans and plants . in captivity , spawning takes place among plants and eggs usually hatch in 20 to 24 hours ( ref . 7020 ) . maximum length reported to reach 4 . 5 cm tl ( ref . 7020 ) . aquarium keeping : in groups of 5 or more individuals ; minimum aquarium size 60 cm ( ref . 51539 ) .
lima , f . c . t . , l . r . malabarba , p . a . buckup , j . f . pezzi da silva , r . p . vari , a . harold , r . benine , o . t . oyakawa , c . s . pavanelli , n . a . menezes , c . a . s . lucena , m . c . s . l . malabarba , z . m . s . lucena , r . e . reis , f . langeani , c . moreira et al . … , 2003 . genera incertae sedis in characidae . p . 106 - 168 . in r . e . reis , s . o . kullander and c . j . ferraris , jr . ( eds . ) checklist of the freshwater fishes of south and central america . porto alegre : edipucrs , brasil . ( ref . 38376 )
phylogenetic diversity index ( ref . 82805 ) : pd 50 = 0 . 5000 [ uniqueness , from 0 . 5 = low to 2 . 0 = high ] .
bayesian length - weight : a = 0 . 01445 ( 0 . 00642 - 0 . 03257 ) , b = 3 . 04 ( 2 . 85 - 3 . 23 ) , in cm total length , based on lwr estimates for this ( sub ) family - body shape ( ref . 93245 ) .
trophic level ( ref . 69278 ) : 2 . 8 ±0 . 31 se ; based on food items .
vulnerability ( ref . 59153 ) : low vulnerability ( 10 of 100 ) .
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the pretty tetra can be recognized on the black wedge that is found on the back part of the fish ' s body right under the deep red area . the base colour of this tetra is greenish and there is a hint of a shoulder spot . the body is decorated with golden to greenish highlights . the largest scientifically measured pretty tetra was 3 . 3 cm long ( slightly longer than 1 1 / 4 inch ) . they are however known to grow bigger in captivity .
wild pretty tetras live where the water temperature is 23 – 27°c ( 73 – 81°f ) , the ph 5 . 0 - 6 . 0 ( acidic ) and the dh range 5 - 12 ( soft ) . keeping optimal water conditions is especially important if your want to spawn pretty tetra fish in your aquarium . the pretty tetra feeds on small crustaceans , worms and plants in the wild . always keep this fish in groups consisting of at least 5 - 6 individuals .
in the wild , the pretty tetra spawns among plants and the eggs will normally hatch within 20 - 24 hours . a well planted aquarium is therefore a good idea , since this will resemble the natural breeding grounds for the pretty tetra .
sexing pretty tetras is a bit tricky when they are not in breeding condition . the males are however equipped with a characin hook on the anal fin . females in good condition will have heavier bodies than the males . as mentioned above , you should always keep at least six pretty tetras together .
a five gallon aquarium ( roughly 20 l ) is large enough to serve as breeding aquarium for a reasonably sized group of pretty tetras . a plastic mesh basket can be used to keep the adult fish from eating the eggs . suspend the basket one inch from the bottom .
the pretty tetra appreciates acidic water , so peat moss is a good idea . the water should also be very soft .
during the mating process , the male will press the female against a suitable surface . you can for instance include artificial spawning strips when you set up the breeding aquarium . the first spawning will normally contain a smaller amount of eggs than the following spawnings .
when the spawning is over , the adults should ideally be moved before the eggs hatch and the fry swims up through the mesh and gets eaten . newly hatch pretty tetra fry look like slivers of glass and will stay on the bottom for 2 - 3 days before they become free swimming . they will appreciate having a piece of java moss or similar to hide in . the tiny fry can eat infusoria during the first week , and then gradually move up to microworms and newly hatched brine shrimp .
keeping and breeding astyanax bimaculatus - breeding astyanax bimaculatus black phantom tetra - information about keeping and breeding black phantom tetras in aquariums . black skirt tetra - information about keeping and breeding black skirt tetras in aquariums . bloodfin tetra - information about keeping and breeding bloodfin tetras in aquariums . breeding the black tetra - breeding notes for gymnocorymbus ternetzi cardinal tetra fish - an introduction to cardinal teras - paracheirodon axelrodi . cardinal tetra - information about all aspect of keeping and breeding cardinal tetras . congo tetra - an introduction to congo tetra - micralestes interruptus . glowlight tetra - information about keeping and breeding glowlight tetras in aquariums . lemon tetra - information about keeping and breeding lemon tetras in aquariums . my experiences with swordtail characins - corynopoma riisei . and how to breed them . neon tetra fish - an introduction to neon tetras . neon tetra - an indepth article about neon tetras , their breeding and the dreaded neon tetra disease . serpae tetra - an introduction to the serpae tetra .
tetra is the common name for various small , often colorful , tropical , freshwater fish within the two characiform ( order characiformes ) families characidae —and in particularly its subfamily tetragonopterinae , the
south american tetras
—and alestiidae , the
african tetras .
the african tetras formerly were classified in alestiinae as a subfamily of characidae , and remain within characidae in some classifications .
the term tetra is not a formal taxonomic rank , but rather is the common name used for numerous small fish scattered over numerous genera and different families and subfamilies . because of the popularity of tetras in the fish - keeping hobby , many unrelated fish are commonly known as tetras . even fish that are vastly different may be called tetras , such as hydrolycus scomberoides , occasionally known as the sabretooth tetra or vampire tetra , which is placed in the characinae subfamily within characidae .
being small and brightly colored , and often easy to keep in captivity , many tetras , such as the neon tetra , paracheirodon innesi , are extremely popular for home aquariums . whether seen in aquariums or in the wild in a clear stream , tetras , add to the wonder of nature for humans . tetras also are valuable ecologically due to their role in food chains , preying upon smaller invertebrates , such as insects , and being prey for larger fish , mammals , birds , and so forth .
tetras traditionally were classified within the family characidae ( characins ) , and in particularly the subfamilies tetragonopterinae ( south american tetras ) and alestiinae ( african tetras ) . however , this family has undergone much taxonomic revision and many authorities have moved the african tetras to the family level , called alestiidae ( nelson 2006 ) .
both characidae and alestiidae belong to the order characiformes . characiformes are characterized by well developed teeth ( most are carnivores ) and the presence of a pelvic fin ( with five to twelve rays ) and normally an adipose fin , and a body that is almost always scaled ( nelson 1994 ) .
characidae is a large and diverse family of freshwater subtropical and tropical fish , with members found in central and south america , southern north america , and africa , and include such varied forms as the piranhas , the tetras , a blind cavefish in mexico ( populations of astyanax mexicanus found in caves ) and brazil ( stygichthys typhlops ) , and a species found as far northward as southwestern united states ( astyanax mexicanus ) ( nelson 1994 ) . the characins are distinguished from other fish by the presence of a small adipose fin between the dorsal fin and caudal fin . both the characidae family and the alestiidae families are comprised only of freshwater fish .
the african tetras , now placed in the family alestiidae , include 18 genera , including alestes ( = brycinus ) and hydrocynus , with about 110 recognized species in total ( nelson 1994 ) .
the following are some species with the common name of tetra . though the list below is sorted by common name , in a number of cases , the common name is applied to different species , depending on country and context . since the aquarium trade may use a different name for the same species , advanced aquarists tend to use scientific names for the less - common tetras . the list below is incomplete .
bali , n . , and w . fink . 2004 . paracheirodon simulans animal diversity web . retrieved november 14 , 2007 .
nelson , j . s . 1994 . fishes of the world , 3rd edition . new york : john wiley & sons . isbn 0471547131
nelson , j . s . 2006 . fishes of the world , 4th edition . new york : john wiley & sons . isbn 0471250317
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usual size in fish tanks : 2 - 4 cm ( 0 . 79 - 1 . 57 inch )
recommended water hardness ( dgh ) : 4 - 12°n ( 71 . 43 - 214 . 29ppm )
their favorite food is live bloodworms , the rummy nose tetra will also readily accept a variety of store bought foods in any form .
rummy nose tetras are egg layers . the eggs take 3 - 4 days to hatch and the fry take another 2 - 4 days to absorb their yolk sacs .
h . bleheri and petitella georgiae are similar species that are often mistaken for the h . rhodostomus that we find in the aquarium industry . in fact , so close is the resemblance that many of the rummy nose tetras we find in the industry today might actually be h . bleheri or p . georgiae .
test kits should be used once a week in order to monitor water quality .
never put an airline to the cave as it will produce big bubbles that may stress out the fish .
they are among the most beautiful fish to watch when kept in shoals . they can be quite delicate when first moved to another tank . once they become established , they do well . they are peaceful fish .
i had a pair of those rummy noses . . . they are rare here in my place , and quite expensive . . . but they are beautiful species . . i love them . .
hi , i just did a water change in my 18 . 5 litre tank where i have 2 rummy noses , 1 betta , and 2 cardinal neons . i gave the tank a real good clean so i took the fish out . as i went to put them back in , i noticed that a rummy nose was upside down almost , as i looked closer he has an eyeball missing . i put them back into their tank and he was bobbing along but the betta was going over to him now and then attacking him , i kept my eye on him and he is swimming around now . does anyone one know what happened and will he make it ?
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a tetra is one of several species of small freshwater fish from africa , central america , and south america belonging to the biological family characidae and to its former subfamilies alestidae ( the
african tetras
) and lebiasinidae . the characidae are distinguished from other fish by the presence of a small adipose fin between the dorsal and caudal fins . many of these , such as the neon tetra ( paracheirodon innesi ) , are brightly colored and easy to keep in captivity . consequently , they are extremely popular for home aquaria .
tetra is no longer a taxonomic , phylogenetic term . it is short for tetragonopterus , a genus name formerly applied to many of these fish , which is greek for
square - finned
( literally , four - sided - wing ) .
because of the popularity of tetras in the fishkeeping hobby , many unrelated fish are commonly known as tetras , including species from different families . even vastly different fish may be called tetras . for example , payara ( hydrolycus scomberoides ) is occasionally known as the
sabretooth tetra
or
vampire tetra
.
( a twin - lobbed , or forked , tail fin whose upper and lower lobes are of equal size ) and a tall dorsal fin characterized by a short connection to the fish’s body .
additionally , tetras possess a long anal fin stretching from a position just posterior of the dorsal fin and ending on the ventral caudal peduncle , and a small , fleshy adipose fin located dorsally between the dorsal and caudal fins . this adipose fin represents the fourth unpaired fin on the fish ( the four unpaired fins include the caudal fin , dorsal fin , anal fin , and adipose fin ) , lending to the name tetra , which is greek for four .
) lack this appendage . ichthyologists debate the function of the adipose fin , doubting its role in swimming due to its small size and lack of stiffening rays or spines .
although the list below is sorted by common name , in a number of cases the common name is applied to different species . since the aquarium trade may use a different name for the same species , advanced aquarists tend to use scientific names for the less - common tetras . the list below is incomplete .
carey , r . tetras and barbs : a complete guide to the successful care and breeding of two of the most popular groups of aquarium fish . tfh publications , inc . , 2009
moyle , p . , & cech , j . fishes : an introduction to ichthyology ( 5th ed . ) . pearson , benjamin cummings , 2004
this article is issued from wikipedia - version of the 11 / 4 / 2016 . the text is available under the creative commons attribution / share alike but additional terms may apply for the media files .