W. Va. Code § 33-51-11 — WV Code / Chapter 33 / Article 51 / Section 11
§33-51-11. Freedom of consumer choice for pharmacy.
Status: in_force

(a) A pharmacy benefits manager, may not:

(1) Prohibit or limit any covered individual from selecting a pharmacy or pharmacist of his or her choice who has agreed to participate in the health benefit plan according to the terms offered by the health benefit plan;

(2) Deny a pharmacy or pharmacist the right to participate as a contract provider under the policy or plan if the pharmacy or pharmacist agrees to provide pharmacy services, including, but not limited to, prescription drugs, that meet the terms and requirements set forth by the health benefit plan and agrees to the terms of reimbursement set forth by the insurer;

(3) Impose upon a pharmacy or pharmacist, as a condition of participation in a health benefit plan network, any course of study, accreditation, certification, or credentialing that is inconsistent with, more stringent than, or in addition to state requirements for licensure or certification as provided for in the §30-5-1 et seq . and legislative rules of the Board of Pharmacy.

(4) Impose upon a beneficiary of pharmacy services under a health benefit plan any copayment, fee, or condition that is not equally imposed upon all beneficiaries in the same benefit category, class, or copayment level under the health benefit plan when receiving services from a contract provider;

(5) Impose a monetary advantage or penalty under a health benefit plan that would affect a beneficiary’s choice among those pharmacies or pharmacists who have agreed to participate in the plan according to the terms offered by the insurer. Monetary advantage or penalty includes higher copayment, a reduction in reimbursement for services, or promotion of one participating pharmacy over another by these methods;

(6) Reduce allowable reimbursement for pharmacy services to a beneficiary under a health benefit plan because the beneficiary selects a pharmacy of his or her choice, so long as that pharmacy has enrolled with the health benefit plan under the terms offered to all pharmacies in the plan coverage area;

(7) Prohibit or otherwise limit a beneficiary’s access to prescription drugs from a pharmacy or pharmacist enrolled with the health benefit plan under the terms offered to all pharmacies in the plan coverage area by unreasonably designating the covered prescription drug as a specialty drug. Any beneficiary or pharmacy impacted by an alleged violation of this subsection may file a complaint with the Insurance Commissioner, who shall, in consultation with the West Virginia Board of Pharmacy, make a determination as to whether the covered prescription drug meets the definition of a specialty drug;

(8) Limit a beneficiary’s access to specialty drugs;

(9) Require a beneficiary, as a condition of payment or reimbursement, to purchase pharmacy services, including prescription drugs, exclusively through a mail-order pharmacy; or

(10) Impose upon a beneficiary any copayment, amount of reimbursement, number of days of a drug supply for which reimbursement will be allowed, or any other payment or condition relating to purchasing pharmacy services from any pharmacy, including prescription drugs, that are more costly or more restrictive than that which would be imposed upon the beneficiary if such services were purchased from a mail-order pharmacy or any other pharmacy that is willing to provide the same services or products for the same cost and copayment as any mail order service.

(b) If a health benefit plan providing reimbursement to West Virginia residents for prescription drugs restricts pharmacy participation, the health benefit plan shall notify, in writing, all pharmacies within the geographical coverage area of the health benefit plan, and offer to the pharmacies the opportunity to participate in the health benefit plan at least 60 days prior to the effective date of the plan. All pharmacies in the geographical coverage area of the plan shall be eligible to participate under identical reimbursement terms for providing pharmacy services, including prescription drugs. Participating pharmacies shall be entitled to 30 business days effective date notice for any subsequent contract amendment or provider manual change by a health benefit plan or a pharmacy benefit manager. The health benefit plan shall, through reasonable means, on a timely basis and on regular intervals, inform the beneficiaries of the plan of the names and locations of pharmacies that are participating in the plan as providers of pharmacy services and prescription drugs. Additionally, participating pharmacies shall be entitled to announce their participation to their customers through a means acceptable to the pharmacy and the health benefit plan. The pharmacy notification provisions of this section shall not apply when an individual or group is enrolled, but when the plan enters a particular county of the state.

(c) The Insurance Commissioner shall not approve any pharmacy benefits manager or health benefit plan providing pharmaceutical services which do not conform to this section.

(d) Any covered individual or pharmacy injured by a violation of this section may maintain a cause of action to enjoin the continuance of any such violation.

(e) This section shall apply to all pharmacy benefits managers and health benefit plans providing pharmaceutical services benefits, including prescription drugs, to any resident of West Virginia. This section shall not apply to any entity that has its own facility, employs or contracts with physicians, pharmacists, nurses, and other health care personnel, and that dispenses prescription drugs from its own pharmacy to its employees and dependents enrolled in its health benefit plan; but this section shall apply to an entity otherwise excluded that contracts with an outside pharmacy or group of pharmacies to provide prescription drugs and services.