FrankGoortani/open-us-law huggingface dataset:
Wis. Stat. § 172.05 — WI Code / Chapter 172 / Section 172.05
Restoring an animal to its owner.
Status: in_force

The owner or person entitled to the possession of an animal taken up under s. 172.02 , at any time within 90 days after notice is filed with the municipal clerk under s. 172.03 , may have the animal restored upon proving rights to the animal and paying all lawful charges incurred. If the claimant and the finder cannot agree as to the amount of the charges or for the use of the animal either party upon notice to the other may apply to the town chairperson, village president or city mayor or manager of the municipality to settle the dispute, who for that purpose may examine witnesses on oath. Any amount found to be due the finder over the value of the use of the animal, together with the costs of adjudication, shall be a lien upon the animal.

History: 1989 a. 56 ; 1997 a. 254 .
Wis. Stat. § 408.502 — WI Code / Chapter 408 / Section 408.502
Assertion of adverse claim against entitlement holder.
Status: in_force

An action based on an adverse claim to a financial asset, whether framed in conversion, replevin, constructive trust, equitable lien or other theory, may not be asserted against a person who acquires a security entitlement under s. 408.501 for value and without notice of the adverse claim.

History: 1997 a. 297 .
Wis. Stat. § 971.109 — WI Code / Chapter 971 / Section 971.109
Freezing assets of a person charged with financial exploitation of an elder person or an adult at risk.
Status: in_force

(1) Definitions. In this section:

(ac) “Adult at risk” has the meaning given in s. 55.01 (1e) .

(am) “Elder person” means any individual who is 60 years of age or older.

(b) “Financial exploitation” has the meaning given in s. 46.90 (1) (ed) .

(2) Seizure of assets.

(a) If a defendant is charged with a crime that is financial exploitation, the crime involves the taking or loss of property valued at more than $2,500, and the crime victim is an elder person or an adult at risk, a prosecuting attorney may file a petition with the court in which the defendant has been charged to freeze the funds, assets, or property of the defendant in an amount up to 100 percent of the alleged value of funds, assets, or property in the defendant’s pending criminal proceeding for purposes of restitution to the crime victim. The hearing on the petition may be held ex parte. The rules of evidence do not apply in a hearing under this paragraph.

(b) In the hearing under par. (a) , if there is a showing of probable cause that the defendant used, was using, is about to use, or is intending to use any funds, assets, or property in a way that constitutes or would constitute financial exploitation, the court shall issue an order to freeze or seize the funds, assets, or property of the defendant in the amount calculated under par. (a) . A copy of the order shall be served upon the defendant whose funds, assets, or property has been frozen or seized.

(c) The court’s order shall prohibit the sale, gifting, transfer, or wasting of the funds, assets, or real or personal property of the elder person or adult at risk that are owned by or vested in the defendant without the express permission of the court. The court’s order shall be binding upon a financial institution, as defined in s. 943.80 (2) , and any 3rd party that is in possession of the funds, assets, or property.

(3) Release of funds. At any time within 30 days after service of the order under sub. (2) (b) , the defendant or any person claiming an interest in the funds, assets, or property may file a petition to release the funds, assets, or property. The court shall hold a hearing on the motion within 10 days from the date the motion is filed. The procedure under s. 968.20 applies to a petition under this subsection.

(4) Dismissal or acquittal. If the prosecution of a charge of financial exploitation is dismissed or if a judgment of acquittal is entered, the court shall vacate the order issued under sub. (2) (b) .

(5) Conviction. If the prosecution of a charge of financial exploitation results in a conviction, the court may order that the funds, assets, or property that were frozen or seized under sub. (2) (b) be released only for the purpose of paying restitution ordered under s. 973.20 (2) .

History: 2021 a. 76 ; 2025 a. 149 .
Wis. Stat. § 623.11 — WI Code / Chapter 623 / Section 623.11
Amount of compulsory surplus.
Status: in_force

(1) Determination of amount. Except as provided in sub. (3) , the commissioner shall, when necessary, determine the amount of compulsory surplus that an insurer is required to have in order not to be financially hazardous under s. 645.41 (4) , as an amount that will provide reasonable security against contingencies affecting the insurer’s financial position that are not fully covered by reserves or by reinsurance.

(a) Types of contingencies. The commissioner shall consider the risks of:

1. Increases in the frequency or severity of losses beyond the levels contemplated by the rates charged;

2. Increases in expenses beyond those contemplated by the rates charged;

3. Decreases in the value of or the return on invested assets below those planned on;

4. Changes in economic conditions that would make liquidity more important than contemplated and would force untimely sale of assets or prevent timely investments;

5. Currency devaluation to which the insurer may be subject; and

6. Any other contingencies the commissioner can identify which may affect the insurer’s operations.

(b) Controlling factors. In making the determination under this subsection, the commissioner shall take into account the following factors:

1. The most reliable information available as to the magnitude of the various risks under par. (a) ;

2. The extent to which the risks in par. (a) are independent of each other or are related, and whether any dependency is direct or inverse;

3. The insurer’s recent history of profits or losses;

4. The extent to which the insurer has provided protection against the contingencies in other ways than the establishment of surplus, including redundancy of premiums; adjustability of contracts under their terms; investment valuation reserves whether voluntary or mandatory; appropriate reinsurance; the use of conservative actuarial assumptions to provide a margin of security; reserve adjustments after rate increases for policies written at earlier and less adequate rates; contingency or catastrophe reserves; diversification of assets and underwriting risks;

5. Independent judgments of the soundness of the insurer’s operations, as evidenced by the ratings of reliable professional financial reporting services; and

6. Any other relevant factors.

(2) Rules. Except as provided in sub. (3) , the commissioner may, subject to adjustment to the circumstances of individual insurers in accordance with the factors in sub. (1) (b) , establish by rule minimum ratios for the compulsory surplus in relation to any relevant variables, including the following:

(a) Amounts at risk;

(b) Premiums written or premiums earned;

(c) Liabilities;

(d) Equity investments of all or certain kinds in combination with any of the variables under pars. (a) to (c) .

(3) Health maintenance organization insurers. The amount of compulsory surplus required of a health maintenance organization insurer is the amount provided in s. 609.97 .

History: 1971 c. 260 ; 1979 c. 102 ; 1989 a. 23 .
Wis. Stat. § 907.04 — WI Code / Chapter 907 / Section 907.04
Opinion on ultimate issue.
Status: in_force

Testimony in the form of an opinion or inference otherwise admissible is not objectionable because it embraces an ultimate issue to be decided by the trier of fact.

History: Sup. Ct. Order, 59 Wis. 2d R1, R211 (1973).
Wis. Stat. § 16.515 — WI Code / Chapter 16 / Section 16.515
Supplementation of program revenue and program revenue-service appropriations.
Status: in_force

(1) The secretary may supplement any sum certain program revenue or program revenue-service appropriation which the secretary determines is insufficient because of unforeseen emergencies or insufficient to accomplish the purpose for which made, if the secretary finds that an emergency exists, no funds are available for such purposes and the purposes for which a supplemental appropriation is requested have been authorized or directed by the legislature. If the secretary proposes to supplement such an appropriation, the secretary shall notify the joint committee on finance in writing of the proposed action. The secretary may proceed with the proposed action if within 14 working days of the notification the committee does not schedule a meeting for the purpose of reviewing the secretary’s proposed action. If the committee schedules a meeting for the purpose of reviewing the proposed action, the action shall not take effect unless the committee approves the action.

(2) All supplements proposed under this section which are not acted upon by the committee shall be paid from the appropriation under s. 20.865 (8) (g) .

(3) This section does not apply to supplementation of the appropriation under s. 20.370 (4) (co) or (8) (mg) .

History: 1981 c. 20 ; 1989 a. 31 ; 1991 a. 269 ; 1993 a. 16 ; 2017 a. 59 .
Wis. Stat. § 814.81 — WI Code / Chapter 814 / Section 814.81
Surcharges in ch. 800 forfeiture actions.
Status: in_force

In addition to any forfeiture imposed in an action under ch. 800 , a defendant shall pay the following surcharges if applicable:

(1) The consumer information surcharge under s. 100.261 .

(3) The crime laboratories and drug law enforcement surcharge under s. 165.755 .

(6) The domestic abuse surcharge under s. 971.37 (1m) (c) 1. or 973.055 .

(7) The jail surcharge under s. 302.46 (1) .

(9) The penalty surcharge under s. 757.05 .

History: 2003 a. 139 ; 2007 a. 84 .
Wis. Stat. § 632.697 — WI Code / Chapter 632 / Section 632.697
Benefits subject to department’s right to recover.
Status: in_force

Death benefits payable under a life insurance policy or an annuity are subject to the right of the department of health services to recover under s. 46.27 (7g) , 2017 stats., or s. 49.496 , 49.682 , or 49.849 an amount equal to the medical assistance that is recoverable under s. 49.496 (3) (a) , an amount equal to aid under s. 49.68 , 49.683 , 49.685 , or 49.785 that is recoverable under s. 49.682 (2) (a) or (am) , or an amount equal to long-term community support services under s. 46.27 , 2017 stats., that is recoverable under s. 46.27 (7g) (c) 1. , 2017 stats., and that was paid on behalf of the deceased policyholder or annuitant.

History: 2013 a. 20 ; 2015 a. 55 ; 2019 a. 9 ; 2021 a. 239 s. 74 .
Wis. Stat. § 140.31 — WI Code / Chapter 140 / Section 140.31
Relation to electronic signatures in global and national commerce act.
Status: in_force

This chapter modifies, limits, and supersedes the Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act, 15 USC 7001 to 7031 , but does not modify, limit, or supersede section 101 (c) of that act, 15 USC 7001 (c), or authorize electronic delivery of any of the notices described in section 103 (b) of that act, 15 USC 7003 (b).

History: 2019 a. 125 .
Wis. Stat. § 242.07 — WI Code / Chapter 242 / Section 242.07
Remedies of creditors.
Status: in_force

(1) In an action for relief against a transfer or obligation under this chapter, a creditor, subject to the limitations in s. 242.08 , may obtain any of the following:

(a) Avoidance of the transfer or obligation to the extent necessary to satisfy the creditor’s claim.

(b) An attachment or other provisional remedy against the asset transferred or other property of the transferee if available under chs. 810 to 813 or other applicable law.

(c) Subject to applicable principles of equity and in accordance with applicable rules of civil procedure:

1. An injunction against further disposition by the debtor or a transferee, or both, of the asset transferred or of other property;

2. Appointment of a receiver to take charge of the asset transferred or of other property of the transferee; or

3. Any other relief the circumstances may require.

(2) If a creditor has obtained a judgment on a claim against the debtor, the creditor, if the court so orders, may levy execution on the asset transferred or its proceeds.

History: 1987 a. 192 ; 2023 a. 246 .
Wis. Stat. § 41.24 — WI Code / Chapter 41 / Section 41.24
Payments to the WPGA Junior Foundation.
Status: in_force

(1) The department shall enter into an agreement with the WPGA Junior Foundation, Inc. to make payments from the appropriation under s. 20.380 (1) (ir) to the WPGA Junior Foundation, Inc., to be used by the WPGA Junior Foundation, Inc. to fund its efforts to provide opportunities, enjoyment, and education to junior golfers in this state.

(2) The agreement under this section shall require that the WPGA Junior Foundation, Inc. provide, without fee and as a condition of receiving payments specified under this section, any license or other approval required for use of any logo, trademark, trade name, word, or symbol to be used on or in association with special group registration plates under s. 341.14 (6r) (f) 55m.

(4) Payments to the WPGA Junior Foundation, Inc. under this section shall be discontinued by the department if the WPGA Junior Foundation, Inc. dissolves or is no longer exempt from taxation under section 501 (a) of the Internal Revenue Code.

History: 2005 a. 260 ; 2007 a. 97 ; 2023 a. 7 .
Wis. Stat. § 244.13 — WI Code / Chapter 244 / Section 244.13
Agent’s acceptance.
Status: in_force

Except as otherwise provided in the power of attorney, a person accepts appointment as an agent under a power of attorney by exercising authority or performing duties as an agent or by any other assertion or conduct indicating acceptance.

History: 2009 a. 319 .
Wis. Stat. § 324.23 — WI Code / Chapter 324 / Section 324.23
Modification of agreement.
Status: in_force

(1) By mutual consent, the parents of a child may modify an agreement regarding custodial responsibility made under this subchapter subject to any visitation rights granted by court order under s. 767.43 .

(2) If an agreement is modified under sub. (1) before deployment of a deploying parent, the modification must be in writing and signed by both parents and any nonparent who will exercise custodial responsibility under the modified agreement.

(3) If an agreement is modified under sub. (1) during deployment of a deploying parent, the modification must be agreed to in a record by both parents and any nonparent who will exercise custodial responsibility under the modified agreement.

History: 2021 a. 161 .
Wis. Stat. § 816.11 — WI Code / Chapter 816 / Section 816.11
Costs, fees.
Status: in_force

The court or judge may allow to the judgment creditor or to any party so examined, whether a party to the action or not, witness’ fees and disbursements and a fixed sum, in addition, not exceeding $25, as costs, and require their payment by order.

History: Sup. Ct. Order, 67 Wis. 2d 585, 761 (1975); Stats. 1975 s. 816.11.
Wis. Stat. § 76.634 — WI Code / Chapter 76 / Section 76.634
Long-term care insurance assessment credit.
Status: in_force

(1) Definitions. In this section:

(a) “Claimant” means a person who files a claim under this section.

(b) “Disability insurer” means an insurer classified as a disability insurer under s. 646.51 (3) (bm) 2.

(2) Filing claims. Subject to the limitations under this section, for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2026, a claimant may claim as a credit against the fees due under s. 76.63 , 76.65 , 76.66 , or 76.67 , for the taxable year following the taxable year that a claimant pays an assessment under s. 646.51 (3) (bm) , and for the immediately following 4 taxable years, an amount equal to 20 percent of the assessment under s. 646.51 (3) (bm) paid by the claimant.

(4) Refund payments; disability insurers. If the claimant is a disability insurer and if the allowable amount of the claim under sub. (2) exceeds the fees otherwise due under s. 76.63 , 76.65 , 76.66 , or 76.67 or no fee is due under s. 76.63 , 76.65 , 76.66 , or 76.67 , the amount of the claim not used to offset the fees due shall be certified by the office of the commissioner of insurance to the department of administration for payment to the claimant by check, share draft, or other draft drawn from the appropriation account under s. 20.835 (2) (de) .

History: 2025 a. 227 ; s. 13.92 (1) (bm) 2.
Wis. Stat. § 67.22 — WI Code / Chapter 67 / Section 67.22
Issuance stayed by protest.
Status: in_force

No bonds, other than refunding bonds, may be issued in any cases where, within 30 days after the adoption of the initial resolution under s. 67.05 (1) , a petition is filed with the clerk of the municipality contemplating the issuance of bonds, signed by a majority of the municipality’s electors as defined in s. 6.02 (1) requesting in the petition that issue not be made.

History: 1983 a. 207 ; 1987 a. 197 .
Wis. Stat. § 48.834 — WI Code / Chapter 48 / Section 48.834
Placement of children with relatives or siblings for adoption by the department, county departments, and child welfare agencies.
Status: in_force

(1) Placement with relatives. Before placing a child for adoption under s. 48.833 , the department, county department under s. 48.57 (1) (e) or (hm) , or child welfare agency making the placement shall consider the availability of a placement for adoption with a relative of the child who is identified in the child’s permanency plan under s. 48.38 or 938.38 or who is otherwise known by the department, county department, or child welfare agency.

(2) Placement with siblings. If a child who is being placed for adoption under s. 48.833 has one or more siblings, as defined in s. 48.38 (4) (br) 1. , who have been adopted or who have been placed for adoption, the department, county department under s. 48.57 (1) (e) or (hm) , or child welfare agency making the placement shall make reasonable efforts to place the child for adoption with an adoptive parent or proposed adoptive parent of such a sibling who is identified in the child’s permanency plan under s. 48.38 or 938.38 or who is otherwise known by the department, county department, or child welfare agency, unless the department, county department, or child welfare agency determines that a joint placement would be contrary to the safety or well-being of the child or any of those siblings, in which case the department, county department, or child welfare agency shall make reasonable efforts to provide for frequent visitation or other ongoing interaction between the child and the siblings, unless the department, county department, or child welfare agency determines that such visitation or interaction would be contrary to the safety or well-being of the child or any of those siblings.

History: 2005 a. 448 ; 2009 a. 79 .
Wis. Stat. § 403.114 — WI Code / Chapter 403 / Section 403.114
Contradictory terms of instrument.
Status: in_force

If an instrument contains contradictory terms, typewritten terms prevail over printed terms, handwritten terms prevail over both and words prevail over numbers.

History: 1995 a. 449 .
Wis. Stat. § 816.07 — WI Code / Chapter 816 / Section 816.07
Bond; commitment.
Status: in_force

If it shall appear upon or pending any such examination that there is danger of the debtor leaving the state and that the debtor has property which the debtor has unjustly refused to apply to such judgment, the judgment debtor may be ordered to give a bond with one or more sureties, that the judgment debtor will from time to time attend before the court or judge, as the court or judge shall direct, and that the judgment debtor will not, during the pendency of the proceedings, dispose of any property not exempt from execution. In default of such bond the judgment debtor may be committed to prison as for a contempt.

History: Sup. Ct. Order, 67 Wis. 2d 585, 761 (1975); Stats. 1975 s. 816.07; 1993 a. 486 .
Wis. Stat. § 181.1432 — WI Code / Chapter 181 / Section 181.1432
Receivership or custodianship.
Status: in_force

(1) Powers of court. A court in a judicial proceeding brought to dissolve a corporation may appoint one or more receivers to wind up and liquidate, or one or more custodians to manage, the affairs of the corporation. The court shall hold a hearing, after notifying all parties to the proceeding and any interested persons designated by the court, before appointing a receiver or custodian. The court appointing a receiver or custodian has exclusive jurisdiction over the corporation and all of its property wherever located.

(2) Who may serve as receiver or custodian. The court may appoint an individual, or a domestic or foreign corporation or stock corporation authorized to transact business in this state, as a receiver or custodian. The court may require the receiver or custodian to post bond, with or without sureties, in an amount the court directs.

(3) Powers and duties of receiver or custodian.

(a) The court shall describe the powers and duties of the receiver or custodian in its appointing order, which may be amended from time to time.

(b) A receiver may exercise, but is not limited to, all of the following powers:

1. To dispose of all or any part of the assets of the corporation wherever located, at a public or private sale, if authorized by the court; provided, however, that the receiver’s power to dispose of the assets of the corporation is subject to any trust and other restrictions that would be applicable to the corporation.

2. To sue and defend in the receiver’s name as receiver of the corporation in all courts of this state.

(c) A custodian may exercise all of the powers of the corporation, through or in place of its board or officers, to the extent necessary to manage the affairs of the corporation in the best interests of its members and creditors and may sue and defend in the custodian’s name as custodian of the corporation in all courts in this state.

(4) Redesignation. The court during a receivership may redesignate the receiver a custodian, and during a custodianship may redesignate the custodian a receiver, if doing so is in the best interests of the corporation, its members, and creditors.

(5) Compensation and expenses. The court from time to time during the receivership or custodianship may order compensation paid and expense disbursements or reimbursements made to the receiver or custodian and the receiver’s or custodian’s counsel from the assets of the corporation or proceeds from the sale of the assets.

History: 1997 a. 79 .
Wis. Stat. § 343.45 — WI Code / Chapter 343 / Section 343.45
Permitting unauthorized person to drive.
Status: in_force

(1) No person shall cause or knowingly permit the person’s child or ward under 18 years of age to operate a motor vehicle upon any highway in violation of this chapter or when such minor is not authorized under this chapter to operate a motor vehicle.

(2) No person shall authorize or knowingly permit a motor vehicle owned by the person or under the person’s control to be operated upon any highway in violation of this chapter or by a person who is not authorized under this chapter to operate a motor vehicle. No dealer as defined in s. 340.01 (11) (intro.) but including the persons specified in s. 340.01 (11) (a) , (b) , (c) and (d) , shall permit any person to operate any motor vehicle owned by the dealer or in the dealer’s possession or control on a trial run unless the dealer has been shown the person’s valid operator’s license, issued by this state or other jurisdiction, before permitting the trial run.

(3) Except as another penalty is provided by s. 343.245 (4) (b) , any person violating this section may be required to forfeit not more than $100.

History: 1971 c. 278 ; 1989 a. 105 , 359 .