FrankGoortani/open-us-law huggingface dataset:
Wis. Stat. § 877.03 — WI Code / Chapter 877 / Section 877.03
Multiple personal representatives to be considered one.
Status: in_force

In an action or proceeding against more than one personal representative of an estate, all of the personal representatives shall all be considered to be representing the decedent. Service of the summons on one personal representative shall constitute service on all, although the plaintiff may serve each of them. Judgment shall be rendered as if all had been served and execution may be issued against the property of the decedent as if all had appeared.

History: 1979 c. 32 s. 55 ; Stats. 1979 s. 777.03; 2001 a. 102 s. 101 ; Stats. 2001 s. 877.03.
Wis. Stat. § 895.346 — WI Code / Chapter 895 / Section 895.346
Bail, deposit in lieu of bond.
Status: in_force

When any bond or undertaking is authorized in any civil or criminal action or proceeding, the would-be obligor may, in lieu thereof and with like legal effect, deposit with the proper court or officer cash or certified bank checks or U.S. bonds or bank certificates of deposit in an amount at least equal to the required security; and the receiver thereof shall give a receipt therefor and shall notify the payor bank of any deposits of bank certificates of deposit. Section 808.07 shall govern the procedure so far as applicable.

History: Sup. Ct. Order, 67 Wis. 2d 585, 784 (1975); 1977 c. 187 s. 135 .
Wis. Stat. § 78.65 — WI Code / Chapter 78 / Section 78.65
Suspension and revocation of licenses.
Status: in_force

(1) If a general aviation fuel licensee or licensee under s. 78.09 or 78.47 violates any provision of this chapter and the department deems good cause exists for suspension or revocation by reason of such violation, the department may suspend such person’s license, or, after a hearing of the charges is held, it may revoke such license. The department may not suspend a license unless the department has notified the holder of the license of a hearing to be held on the charges, and the department may not revoke a license until after the department has notified the holder of the license of a hearing and has afforded the holder an opportunity to appear and testify. The department shall notify the licensee in writing of the time and place a hearing of the charges shall be held. The notice shall contain a statement of the alleged violation and shall be served upon the licensee at least 10 days prior to the hearing. At the time and place fixed in the notice, the department shall proceed to a hearing of the charges and shall afford the licensee an opportunity to present in person or by counsel statements, testimony, evidence, and argument pertinent to the charges or to any defense thereto. The department may continue the hearing from time to time but not more than 60 days. After the hearing, the department shall rescind the order of suspension, if any, and for good cause shown shall either suspend the license for a period of time or revoke the license.

(3) Upon the suspension or revocation of any license, the department shall request the holder thereof to surrender to it immediately all copies of licenses issued to the holder, and the holder shall surrender promptly all such copies to the department.

History: 1981 c. 20 ; 1987 a. 399 ; 1991 a. 316 ; 1993 a. 16 ; 2017 a. 324 .
Wis. Stat. § 321.32 — WI Code / Chapter 321 / Section 321.32
Term of enlistment and discharge.
Status: in_force

Every person who enlists or receives a commission in the national guard shall serve for the term prescribed and satisfy the physical, educational and training requirements prescribed by the U.S. national guard bureau. Enlistees in the national guard shall be discharged as provided in the laws and regulations of the U.S. national guard bureau.

History: 2007 a. 200 s. 34 ; Stats. 2007 s. 321.32.
Wis. Stat. § 230.14 — WI Code / Chapter 230 / Section 230.14
Recruitment.
Status: in_force

(1) Recruitment for classified positions shall be an active continuous process conducted in a manner that assures a diverse, highly qualified group of applicants; and shall be conducted on the broadest possible base consistent with sound personnel management practices and an approved affirmative action plan or program. Due consideration shall be given to the provisions of s. 230.19 .

(3m) In advertising openings in the classified civil service, the state may not require as a condition of application that an applicant be a college graduate unless the opening is a position as a forensic scientist in a state or regional crime laboratory or unless the opening must be filled by an incumbent holding a credential, as defined in s. 440.01 (2) (a) , or other license, permit, certificate or registration in an occupation regulated by law and college graduation is required to obtain the occupational credential, license, permit, certificate or registration.

(4) The director may charge an agency a fee to announce any vacancy to be filled in a classified or unclassified position in that agency. Funds received under this subsection shall be credited to the appropriation account under s. 20.505 (1) (kn) .

History: 1977 c. 196 ; 1981 c. 26 ; 1987 a. 32 ; 1991 a. 132 ; 1995 a. 27 ; 1997 a. 307 ; 2003 a. 33 ; 2013 a. 20 ; 2015 a. 55 .
Wis. Stat. § 88.032 — WI Code / Chapter 88 / Section 88.032
Amendment of documents.
Status: in_force

(1) Any document or paper filed or entered in a proceeding before the court may at any time be amended, modified or corrected by the court as the facts warrant and upon such notice as the court orders.

(2) Any document or paper filed or entered in a proceeding before the drainage board may at any time be amended, modified or corrected by the drainage board as the facts warrant and upon such notice as the drainage board orders, except that no amendment, modification or correction of any assessment may be made after the issuance of money obligations based on the assessment if the result of the amendment, modification or correction would be to render the obligations more difficult to collect.

History: 1993 a. 456 ss. 10 , 11 .
Wis. Stat. § 231.18 — WI Code / Chapter 231 / Section 231.18
Investment authorization.
Status: in_force

The notes and bonds of the authority are securities in which all public officers and bodies of this state and all political subdivisions and public officers thereof, all banks, trust companies, savings banks and institutions, savings and loan associations, investment companies and all personal representatives, guardians, trustees and other fiduciaries may legally invest any sinking funds, moneys or other funds belonging to them or within their control.

History: 1973 c. 304 ; 1979 c. 279 .
Wis. Stat. § 179.0806 — WI Code / Chapter 179 / Section 179.0806
Known claims against dissolved limited partnership.
Status: in_force

(1) Except as otherwise provided in sub. (4) , a dissolved limited partnership may give notice of a known claim under sub. (2) , which has the effect provided in sub. (3) .

(2) A dissolved limited partnership may in a record notify its known claimants of the dissolution. The notice must do all of the following:

(a) Specify the information required to be included in a claim.

(b) State that a claim must be in writing and provide a mailing address to which the claim is to be sent.

(c) State the deadline for receipt of a claim, which may not be less than 120 days after the date the notice is effective under s. 179.0103 (7m) .

(d) State that the claim will be barred if not received by the deadline.

(e) Unless the partnership has been throughout its existence a limited liability limited partnership, state that the barring of a claim against the partnership will also bar any corresponding claim against any general partner or person dissociated as a general partner which is based on s. 179.0404 .

(3) A claim against a dissolved limited partnership is barred if the claim is a known claim and the notice requirements of sub. (2) are met with respect to the claim and any of the following applies:

(a) The claim is not received by the specified deadline.

(b) If the claim is timely received but rejected by the partnership, all of the following apply:

1. The partnership notifies the claimant in a record stating that the claim is rejected and will be barred unless the claimant commences an action against the partnership to enforce the claim within 90 days after the notice is effective under s. 179.0103 (7m) .

2. The claimant does not commence the required action within 90 days after the notice of rejection is effective under s. 179.0103 (7m) .

(4) This section does not apply to a claim based on an event occurring after the date of dissolution or a liability that on that date is contingent, or a liability for an additional assessment under s. 71.74 or for sales and use taxes determined as owing under s. 77.59 .

(4r) The provisions of s. 179.0103 (7m) shall apply to notices under this section.

History: 2021 a. 258 .
Wis. Stat. § 19.81 — WI Code / Chapter 19 / Section 19.81
Declaration of policy.
Status: in_force

(1) In recognition of the fact that a representative government of the American type is dependent upon an informed electorate, it is declared to be the policy of this state that the public is entitled to the fullest and most complete information regarding the affairs of government as is compatible with the conduct of governmental business.

(2) To implement and ensure the public policy herein expressed, all meetings of all state and local governmental bodies shall be publicly held in places reasonably accessible to members of the public and shall be open to all citizens at all times unless otherwise expressly provided by law.

(3) In conformance with article IV, section 10 , of the constitution, which states that the doors of each house shall remain open, except when the public welfare requires secrecy, it is declared to be the intent of the legislature to comply to the fullest extent with this subchapter.

(4) This subchapter shall be liberally construed to achieve the purposes set forth in this section, and the rule that penal statutes must be strictly construed shall be limited to the enforcement of forfeitures and shall not otherwise apply to actions brought under this subchapter or to interpretations thereof.

History: 1975 c. 426 ; 1983 a. 192 .
Wis. Stat. § 77.57 — WI Code / Chapter 77 / Section 77.57
Liability of purchaser.
Status: in_force

If a purchaser certifies in writing to a seller that the tangible personal property or items, property, or goods under s. 77.52 (1) (b) , (c) , or (d) purchased will be used in a manner or for a purpose entitling the seller to regard the sales price from the sale as exempted by this subchapter from the computation of the amount of the sales tax and uses the property or items, property, or goods under s. 77.52 (1) (b) , (c) , or (d) in some other manner or for some other purpose, the purchaser is liable for payment of the sales tax. The tax shall be measured by the sales price of the property or items, property, or goods under s. 77.52 (1) (b) , (c) , or (d) to the purchaser.

History: 1983 a. 405 ; 2009 a. 2 .
Wis. Stat. § 992.21 — WI Code / Chapter 992 / Section 992.21
Actions by division of savings and loan validated.
Status: in_force

Any action taken by the division of savings and loan between July 1, 1996, and October 29, 1999, under the name of the division of savings institutions has the same force and effect in all respects as if the action had been taken under the name of the division of savings and loan.

History: 1999 a. 9 .
Wis. Stat. § 214.40 — WI Code / Chapter 214 / Section 214.40
Minimum capital.
Status: in_force

(1) A savings bank may be organized to exercise the powers conferred by this chapter with minimum capital, surplus and reserves for operating expenses as determined by the division. The division may not establish requirements for savings banks at a level less than that required for insurance of accounts. For a savings bank other than one resulting from the conversion from an existing financial institution, the division may establish capital requirements at least as stringent as those required under s. 214.43 (1) .

(2) A stock savings bank may not commence business until it has a paid-in surplus equal to 20 percent of its capital. The division may waive this requirement for a financial institution that converts to a savings bank.

(3) A stock financial institution seeking to convert to a savings bank under s. 214.66 (1m) shall, before declaring a dividend on its capital stock, transfer not less than 50 percent of its net profits of the preceding half year to its paid-in surplus until it has paid-in surplus equal to 20 percent of capital stock.

History: 1991 a. 221 ; 1995 a. 27 ; 2011 a. 32 .
Wis. Stat. § 448.09 — WI Code / Chapter 448 / Section 448.09
Penalties; appeal.
Status: in_force

(1) Penalties. A person who violates s. 448.08 (3) may be fined not more than $250. Except as provided in sub. (1m) , a person who violates any other provision of this subchapter may be fined not more than $10,000 or imprisoned for not more than 9 months or both.

(1m) Physicians. A physician who violates any provision of this subchapter, except s. 448.08 (3) , or any rule promulgated under this subchapter may be fined not more than $25,000 or imprisoned not more than 9 months or both.

(2) Appeal. Any person aggrieved by any action taken under this subchapter by the board, its officers or its agents may apply for judicial review as provided in ch. 227 , and shall file notice of such appeal with the secretary of the board within 30 days. No court of this state may enter an ex parte stay of any action taken by the board under this subchapter.

History: 1975 c. 383 ; 1977 c. 29 ; 1997 a. 175 , 311 ; 1999 a. 32 .
Wis. Stat. § 187.26 — WI Code / Chapter 187 / Section 187.26
Court-ordered indemnification.
Status: in_force

(1) Except as provided otherwise by written agreement between the director or officer and the incorporated Roman Catholic church, a director or officer who has been successful on the merits or otherwise in the defense of a proceeding may apply for indemnification to the court conducting the proceeding or to another court of competent jurisdiction. After receipt of an application, the court shall give any notice it considers necessary.

(2) The court shall order indemnification if it determines that the director or officer is entitled to indemnification under s. 187.21 (1) . If the court also determines that the incorporated Roman Catholic church unreasonably refused the director’s or officer’s request for indemnification, the court shall order the incorporated Roman Catholic church to pay the director’s or officer’s reasonable expenses incurred to obtain the court-ordered indemnification.

History: 1989 a. 306 .
Wis. Stat. § 72.045 — WI Code / Chapter 72 / Section 72.045
Timely filing.
Status: in_force

Documents and payments required or permitted by this chapter that are filed by mail are on time if they are mailed in a properly addressed envelope, if the postage is paid, if the envelope is postmarked before midnight of the due date and if the department or the person that the department designates receives them no later than 5 days after the due date. Documents and payments that are not mailed are timely if they are received on or before the due date by the department or at the destination that the department prescribes.

History: 1991 a. 39 ; 1997 a. 27 .
Wis. Stat. § 904.06 — WI Code / Chapter 904 / Section 904.06
Habit; routine practice.
Status: in_force

(1) Admissibility. Except as provided in s. 972.11 (2) , evidence of the habit of a person or of the routine practice of an organization, whether corroborated or not and regardless of the presence of eyewitnesses, is relevant to prove that the conduct of the person or organization on a particular occasion was in conformity with the habit or routine practice.

(2) Method of proof. Habit or routine practice may be proved by testimony in the form of an opinion or by specific instances of conduct sufficient in number to warrant a finding that the habit existed or that the practice was routine.

History: Sup. Ct. Order, 59 Wis. 2d R1, R83 (1973); 1975 c. 184 .
Wis. Stat. § 242.03 — WI Code / Chapter 242 / Section 242.03
Value.
Status: in_force

(1) Value is given for a transfer or an obligation if, in exchange for the transfer or obligation, property is transferred or an antecedent debt is secured or satisfied, but value does not include an unperformed promise made otherwise than in the ordinary course of the promisor’s business to furnish support to the debtor or another person.

(2) For the purposes of ss. 242.04 (1) (b) and 242.05 , a person gives a reasonably equivalent value if the person acquires an interest of the debtor in an asset pursuant to a regularly conducted, noncollusive foreclosure sale or execution of a power of sale for the acquisition or disposition of the interest of the debtor upon default under a mortgage, deed of trust or security agreement.

(3) A transfer is made for present value if the exchange between the debtor and the transferee is intended by them to be contemporaneous and is in fact substantially contemporaneous.

History: 1987 a. 192 .
Wis. Stat. § 214.665 — WI Code / Chapter 214 / Section 214.665
Emergency merger.
Status: in_force

(1) With the prior approval of the division, which shall state that the proposed merger is necessary for the protection of depositors and other creditors, a savings bank that is in default or in danger of default may, by a majority vote of its board of directors and without a stockholder vote, merge with another savings bank, a state or federal savings and loan association, a state bank or a federal bank. The other entity shall be the resulting or continuing savings bank, savings and loan association or bank.

(2) The division shall by rule establish standards for determining if a savings bank is in default or in danger of default.

History: 1991 a. 221 ; 1995 a. 27 , 103 .
Wis. Stat. § 895.375 — WI Code / Chapter 895 / Section 895.375
Abrogation of defense that contract was champertous.
Status: in_force

No action, special proceeding, cross complaint or counterclaim in any court shall be dismissed on the ground that a party to the action is a party to a contract savoring of champerty or maintenance unless the contract is the basis of the claim pleaded.
Wis. Stat. § 98.01 — WI Code / Chapter 98 / Section 98.01
Definitions.
Status: in_force

As used in this chapter, unless the context requires otherwise:

(1) “Incorrect” as applied to weights and measures and commodities includes any failure to comply with the requirements of this chapter or rules issued thereunder.

(2) “Inspector” means a state inspector of weights and measures.

(3) “Municipality” means a city or village.

(4) “Sealer” and “deputy sealer” means a sealer of weights and measures and deputy sealer of weights and measures of a municipality, respectively.

(5) “Sell”, “sale” and “sold” include barter or exchange, and any offering or exposing for sale or possession with intent to sell.

(6) “Weight” means net weight when used in reference to a commodity.

(7) “Weights and measures” means weights and measures of every kind, instruments and devices for weighing and measuring, and any appliances and accessories used with any or all such instruments and devices, except meters for the measurement of electricity, gas (natural and manufactured) or water when the same are operated in a public utility system.

History: 1983 a. 189 .
Wis. Stat. § 757.24 — WI Code / Chapter 757 / Section 757.24
Liability of judicial officers.
Status: in_force

Circuit judges and circuit and supplemental court commissioners shall be held personally liable to any party injured for any willful violation of the law in granting injunctions and appointing receivers, or for refusing to hear motions to dissolve injunctions and to discharge receivers if the motions are made in accordance with law or such rules as are promulgated by the supreme court.

History: 1977 c. 187 s. 96 ; 1977 c. 449 ; Stats. 1977 s. 757.24; 2001 a. 61 .
Wis. Stat. § 89.072 — WI Code / Chapter 89 / Section 89.072
Licensees of other jurisdictions.
Status: in_force

(1) Upon application and payment of the fee established under s. 89.063 , the examining board may issue a license to practice veterinary medicine to any person licensed to practice veterinary medicine in another state or territory of the United States or in another country if the applicant is not currently under investigation and has never been disciplined by the licensing authority in the other state, territory or country, has not been found guilty of a crime the circumstances of which are substantially related to the practice of veterinary medicine, is not currently a party in pending litigation in which it is alleged that the applicant is liable for damages for acts committed in the course of practice and has never been found liable for damages for acts committed in the course of practice which evidenced a lack of ability or fitness to practice.

(2) Upon application and payment of the fee established under s. 89.063 , the examining board may issue a temporary consulting permit to practice veterinary medicine in this state for up to 60 days per year to any nonresident licensed to practice veterinary medicine in another state or territory of the United States or in another country.

History: 1987 a. 39 ; 2015 a. 55 s. 4500 ; Stats. 2015 s. 89.072.
Wis. Stat. § 881.06 — WI Code / Chapter 881 / Section 881.06
Law governing existing instruments.
Status: in_force

Subject to s. 881.01 (12) , this chapter shall govern fiduciaries, including personal representatives, guardians of the estate, conservators, and trustees acting under wills, agreements, court orders, and other instruments now existing or hereafter made.

History: 1971 c. 41 s. 8 ; Stats. 1971 s. 881.06; 1975 c. 200 ; 2003 a. 264 .
Wis. Stat. § 75.105 — WI Code / Chapter 75 / Section 75.105
Cancellation of delinquent real property taxes on property contaminated by hazardous substances.
Status: in_force

(1) Definitions. In this section:

(a) “Department” means the department of natural resources.

(b) “Discharge” has the meaning given in s. 292.01 (3) .

(c) “Hazardous substance” has the meaning given in s. 292.01 (5) .

(2) Cancellation authorized. At any time before the recording of a tax deed based on a tax certificate issued on property for nonpayment of taxes, the governing body of a county may cancel all or a portion of the unpaid real property taxes for which a tax certificate has been issued plus interest and penalties on those taxes on the property if all of the following apply:

(a) The property is contaminated by a hazardous substance.

(b) An environmental assessment has been conducted and concludes that the property is contaminated by the discharge of a hazardous substance.

(c) The owner of the property or another person agrees to clean up the property by restoring the environment to the extent practicable and minimizing the harmful effects from a discharge of a hazardous substance in accordance with rules that the department promulgates.

(d) The owner of the property or another person presents to the county or city an agreement entered into with the department to investigate and clean up the property.

(e) The owner of the property agrees to maintain and monitor the property as required under rules that the department promulgates and under any contract entered into under those rules.

(3) Administration. Upon the cancellation of all or a portion of real property taxes under sub. (2) , the county treasurer shall execute and provide to the owner of the property a statement identifying the property for which taxes have been canceled and shall enter on the tax certificate the date upon which the taxes were canceled and the amount of taxes canceled.

(4) Certain cities authorized. A city authorized to proceed under s. 74.87 may act under this section with respect to unpaid real property taxes for which it has settled with other taxing jurisdictions.

History: 1997 a. 27 ; 1999 a. 32 .