FrankGoortani/open-us-law huggingface dataset:
Wis. Stat. § 421.106 — WI Code / Chapter 421 / Section 421.106
Settlement of claims; agreement to forego rights; waiver.
Status: in_force

(1) Except as otherwise provided in chs. 421 to 427 , a customer may not waive or agree to forego rights or benefits under chs. 421 to 427 .

(2) A claim by a customer against a merchant for an excess charge, other violation of chs. 421 to 427 or civil penalty, or a claim against a customer for default or breach of a duty imposed by chs. 421 to 427 , if disputed in good faith, may be settled by agreement.

(3) A claim, whether or not disputed, against a customer may be settled for less value than the amount claimed.

(4) A settlement in which the customer waives or agrees to forego rights or benefits under chs. 421 to 427 is invalid if the court as a matter of law finds the settlement to be unconscionable at the time it was made. In this regard the court may consider the competence of the customer as measured by his or her education, ability to speak and read the language of the contract, and his or her prior consumer experience; any deception or coercion practiced upon the customer; the nature and extent of the legal advice received by the customer; and the value of the consideration.

History: 1971 c. 239 ; 1979 c. 89 .
Wis. Stat. § 891.45 — WI Code / Chapter 891 / Section 891.45
Presumption of employment-connected disease; heart or respiratory impairment or disease.
Status: in_force

(1) In this section:

(a) “County fire fighter” means any person employed by a county whose duties primarily include active fire suppression or prevention.

(b) “Municipal fire fighter” includes any person designated as primarily a fire fighter under s. 60.553 (2) , 61.66 (2) , or 62.13 (2e) (b) and any person under s. 60.553 , 61.66 , or 62.13 (2e) whose duties as a fire fighter during the 5-year qualifying period took up at least two-thirds of his or her working hours.

(c) “State fire fighter” means any person employed by the state whose duties primarily include active fire suppression or prevention and who is a protective occupation participant, as defined in s. 40.02 (48) .

(2) Except as provided in s. 891.453 , in any proceeding involving the application by a state, county, or municipal fire fighter or his or her beneficiary for disability or death benefits under s. 40.65 (2) or any pension or retirement system applicable to fire fighters, where at the time of death or filing of application for disability benefits the deceased or disabled fire fighter had served a total of 5 years as a state, county, or municipal fire fighter and a qualifying medical examination given prior to the time of his or her becoming a state, county, or municipal fire fighter showed no evidence of heart or respiratory impairment or disease, and where the disability or death is found to be caused by heart or respiratory impairment or disease, such finding shall be presumptive evidence that such impairment or disease was caused by such employment.

History: 1977 c. 83 ; 1981 c. 278 s. 6 ; 1983 a. 191 s. 6 ; 1987 a. 399 ; 1987 a. 403 s. 256 ; 1997 a. 173 ; 2001 a. 16 ; 2009 a. 284 ; 2011 a. 32 .
Wis. Stat. § 6.57 — WI Code / Chapter 6 / Section 6.57
Registration list for special elections.
Status: in_force

The municipal clerk of each municipality where a special election is held nonconcurrently with a regularly scheduled election shall obtain a copies of the current registration list from the commission for use in the special election.

History: 1975 c. 85 s. 30 ; Stats. 1975 s. 6.57; 1977 c. 394 ; 2003 a. 265 ; 2015 a. 118 s. 266 (10) .
Wis. Stat. § 63.28 — WI Code / Chapter 63 / Section 63.28
Civil service to include stenographic and clerical employees in the office of the city attorney.
Status: in_force

The expression “members of the law, fire and police departments” as used in s. 63.27 and as used in any charter ordinance in any city of the first class which may supersede, amend, extend or modify said section for said city, shall be held to include all employees of the law department of such city who are members of the bar engaged in legal duties but shall not be held to include clerks, stenographers, typists or other employees of the law department who are not members of the bar.
Wis. Stat. § 346.452 — WI Code / Chapter 346 / Section 346.452
Section 346.452
Status: in_force

1. That a report that the vehicle was stolen was given to a traffic officer before the violation occurred or within a reasonable time after the violation occurred.

2. If the owner of the vehicle provides a traffic officer with the name and address of the person operating the vehicle at the time of the violation and the person so named admits operating the vehicle at the time of the violation, then the person operating the vehicle and not the owner shall be charged under this section.

3. If the vehicle is owned by a lessor of vehicles and at the time of the violation the vehicle was in the possession of a lessee, and the lessor provides a traffic officer with the information required under s. 343.46 (3) , then the lessee and not the lessor shall be charged under this section.

4. If the vehicle is owned by a dealer as defined in s. 340.01 (11) (intro.) but including the persons specified in s. 340.01 (11) (a) to (d) , and at the time of the violation the vehicle was being operated by any person on a trial run, and if the dealer provides a traffic officer with the name, address, and operator’s license number of the person operating the vehicle, then the person operating the vehicle, and not the dealer, shall be charged under this section.

History: 2003 a. 209 .
Wis. Stat. § 285.29 — WI Code / Chapter 285 / Section 285.29
Best available retrofit technology.
Status: in_force

(1) Case-by-case specification. If visibility in an area is identified as an important value of the area under section 169A of the federal clean air act, the department shall specify on a case-by-case basis the best available retrofit technology for any existing major source located in the area and identified under section 169A of the federal clean air act.

(2) Considerations. In specifying the best available retrofit technology, the department shall consider:

(a) The cost of compliance.

(b) The existing pollution control technology in use at the source.

(c) The remaining useful life of the source.

(d) The degree of improvement in visibility which may be anticipated to result from the use of various retrofit technologies.

(e) The energy and nonair quality environmental impacts of compliance.

History: 1979 c. 221 ; 1995 a. 227 s. 469 ; Stats. 1995 s. 285.29.
Wis. Stat. § 66.0505 — WI Code / Chapter 66 / Section 66.0505
Compensation of governing bodies.
Status: in_force

(1) Definitions. In this section:

(a) “Elective officer” means a member or member-elect of the governing body of a political subdivision.

(b) “Political subdivision” means any city, village, town, or county.

(2) Establishment of salary. An elected official of any political subdivision, who by virtue of the office held by that official is entitled to participate in the establishment of the salary attending that office, shall not during the term of the office collect salary in excess of the salary provided at the time of that official’s taking office. This provision is of statewide concern and applies only to officials elected after October 22, 1961.

(3) Refusal of salary.

(a)

1. Notwithstanding the provisions of s. 59.10 (1) (c) , (2) (c) , (3) (f) to (j) , 60.32 , 61.193 , 61.32 , or 62.09 (6) , an elective officer may send written notification to the clerk and treasurer of the political subdivision on whose governing body he or she serves that he or she wishes to refuse to accept the salary that he or she is otherwise entitled to receive.

2. Except as provided in subd. 3. , to be valid the notification must be sent no later than the day on which the elective officer takes the oath of office and before he or she performs any services in his or her official capacity, and the notification applies only to the taxable year in which the officer’s election is certified or in which the officer is appointed, if the elective officer’s current taxable year ends within 3 months of his or her certification or appointment, the notification applies until the end of his or her next taxable year.

3. Except as provided in subd. 2. , to be valid the notification must be sent at least 30 days before the start of the elective officer’s next taxable year, and the notification applies only to that taxable year although the notification may be renewed annually as provided in this subdivision.

4. If a clerk and treasurer receive notification as described in subd. 2. or 3. , the treasurer may not pay the elective officer his or her salary during the time period to which the notification applies. Upon receipt of such notification, the political subdivision’s treasurer shall not pay the elective officer the salary that he or she is otherwise entitled to receive, beginning with the first pay period that commences after notification applies.

(b) An elective officer, or officer-elect, who sends the written notification described under par. (a) may not rescind the notification. If an elective officer’s notification no longer applies, the political subdivision’s treasurer shall pay the elective officer any salary that he or she is entitled to receive, beginning with the first pay period that commences after the expiration of the notification.

History: 1991 a. 316 ; 1993 a. 213 ; 1999 a. 150 s. 312 ; Stats. 1999 s. 66.0505; 2007 a. 49 ; 2009 a. 173 ; 2017 a. 9 .
Wis. Stat. § 179.0808 — WI Code / Chapter 179 / Section 179.0808
Court proceedings.
Status: in_force

(1) A dissolved limited partnership that has published a notice under s. 179.0807 may file an application with the circuit court in the county in this state where the partnership’s principal office is located or, if the principal office is not located in this state, where the partnership’s registered office is or was last located, for a determination of the amount and form of security to be provided for payment of claims that are contingent or are not known to the partnership or that are based on an event occurring after the effective date of dissolution but that, based on the facts known to the partnership, are reasonably expected to arise after the effective date of dissolution. Provision need not be made for any claim that is or is reasonably anticipated to be barred under s. 179.0807 .

(2) Not later than 10 days after the filing of an application under sub. (1) , the dissolved limited partnership shall give notice of the proceeding to each claimant holding a contingent claim whose contingent claim is known to the partnership.

(3) In any proceeding under this section, the court may appoint a guardian ad litem to represent all claimants whose identities are unknown. The reasonable fees and expenses of the guardian, including all reasonable expert witness fees, must be paid by the dissolved limited partnership.

(4) A dissolved limited partnership that provides security in the amount and form ordered by the court under sub. (1) satisfies the partnership’s obligations with respect to claims that are contingent, are not known to the partnership, or are based on an event occurring after the effective date of dissolution, and such claims may not be enforced against a partner or transferee on account of assets received in liquidation.

History: 2021 a. 258 .
Wis. Stat. § 611.62 — WI Code / Chapter 611 / Section 611.62
Directors’ and officers’ liability and indemnification.
Status: in_force

(1) Liability. Sections 180.0826 to 180.0828 , 180.0832 and 180.0833 apply to stock corporations and ss. 181.0850 to 181.0855 , except s. 181.0855 (2) (c) , apply to mutuals.

(2) Indemnification. Sections 180.0850 to 180.0856 , 180.0858 and 180.0859 apply to stock corporations and ss. 181.0871 to 181.0881 and 181.0889 apply to mutuals but no indemnification may be made until at least 30 days after notice to the commissioner, containing full details about the proposed indemnification.

(3) Insurance. Section 180.0857 applies to stock corporations and s. 181.0883 applies to mutuals.

(4) Derivative actions. Sections 180.0740 to 180.0747 and 180.1708 (3m) apply to stock corporations and ss. 181.0740 to 181.0747 apply to mutuals.

History: 1971 c. 260 , 307 ; 1973 c. 128 ; 1979 c. 102 ; 1987 a. 13 ; 1989 a. 303 ; 1997 a. 79 .
Wis. Stat. § 53.28 — WI Code / Chapter 53 / Section 53.28
Notice of proceeding.
Status: in_force

If a petition for the appointment of a guardian of the person or issuance of an order appointing a guardian of the estate is brought in this state and this state was not the respondent’s home state on the date the petition was filed, in addition to complying with the notice requirements of this state, notice of the petition must be given to those persons who would be entitled to notice of the petition if a proceeding were brought in the respondent’s home state. The notice must be given in the same manner as notice is required to be given in this state.

History: 2017 a. 187 .
Wis. Stat. § 623.21 — WI Code / Chapter 623 / Section 623.21
Adjustment of reserves.
Status: in_force

The commissioner may order an insurer to adjust its reserves if they do not bear an appropriate relationship to its obligations.

History: 1973 c. 293 .
Wis. Stat. § 629.02 — WI Code / Chapter 629 / Section 629.02
Registration.
Status: in_force

(1) List of registered public adjusters. The commissioner shall maintain on the office’s Internet site a list of public adjusters who have registered with the commissioner under sub. (2) .

(2) Application. A public adjuster who is not a resident of this state shall register with the commissioner prior to engaging in adjusting services in this state. A public adjuster who is a resident of this state may register with the commissioner. In order to register under this subsection, the public adjuster shall complete an application form prescribed by the commissioner. The form shall request the individual to provide the individual’s social security number and all documentation the commissioner determines is necessary and appropriate. The commissioner shall approve the individual’s registration application if the commissioner determines the individual satisfies all the following conditions:

(a) The individual has not committed any act subject to penalty under s. 629.13 .

(c) The individual pays the fee under s. 601.31 (1) (z) .

(d) The individual maintains a home office in the individual’s state of residence and is available to the public at that office through reasonable appointment hours or regular business hours.

(e) The individual is at least 18 years of age.

(f) The individual meets the requirements of ss. 629.03 and 629.11 .

(h) If the individual is not a resident of this state, the individual agrees to be subject to the jurisdiction of the commissioner and the courts of this state and to the commissioner’s rules and orders with service of process as provided under ss. 601.72 and 601.73 .

(4) Term; renewal. A registration under sub. (2) shall remain in effect for 2 years from the date of issuance, unless it is revoked or suspended by the commissioner under s. 629.13 . An individual may renew a registration by submitting, prior to the registration’s expiration date, a request for renewal to the commissioner in the form prescribed by the commissioner. The request shall include evidence of compliance with s. 629.11 and payment of the fee under s. 601.31 (1) (zb) . An individual who fails to renew a registration prior to the expiration date may reapply for registration under sub. (2) .

History: 2019 a. 129 ; 2021 a. 240 s. 30 .
Wis. Stat. § 408.202 — WI Code / Chapter 408 / Section 408.202
Issuer’s responsibility and defenses; notice of defect or defense.
Status: in_force

(1) Even against a purchaser for value and without notice, the terms of a certificated security include terms stated on the certificate and terms made part of the security by reference on the certificate to another instrument, indenture or document or to a constitution, statute, ordinance, rule, regulation, order or the like, to the extent that the terms referred to do not conflict with terms stated on the certificate. A reference under this subsection does not of itself charge a purchaser for value with notice of a defect going to the validity of the security, even if the certificate expressly states that a person accepting it admits notice. The terms of an uncertificated security include those stated in any instrument, indenture or document or in a constitution, statute, ordinance, rule, regulation, order or the like, pursuant to which the security is issued.

(2) The following rules apply if an issuer asserts that a security is not valid:

(a) A security other than one issued by a government or governmental subdivision, agency or instrumentality, even though issued with a defect going to its validity, is valid in the hands of a purchaser for value and without notice of the particular defect unless the defect involves a violation of a constitutional provision. In that case, the security is valid in the hands of a purchaser for value and without notice of the defect, other than one who takes by original issue.

(b) Paragraph (a) applies to an issuer that is a government or governmental subdivision, agency or instrumentality only if there has been substantial compliance with the legal requirements governing the issue or the issuer has received a substantial consideration for the issue as a whole or for the particular security and a stated purpose of the issue is one for which the issuer has power to borrow money or issue the security.

(3) Except as otherwise provided in s. 408.205 , lack of genuineness of a certificated security is a complete defense, even against a purchaser for value and without notice.

(4) All other defenses of the issuer of a security, including nondelivery and conditional delivery of a certificated security, are ineffective against a purchaser for value who has taken the certificated security without notice of the particular defense.

(5) This section does not affect the right of a party to cancel a contract for a security “when, as and if issued” or “when distributed” in the event of a material change in the character of the security that is the subject of the contract or in the plan or arrangement pursuant to which the security is to be issued or distributed.

(6) If a security is held by a securities intermediary against whom an entitlement holder has a security entitlement with respect to the security, the issuer may not assert any defense that the issuer could not assert if the entitlement holder held the security directly.

History: 1997 a. 297 .
Wis. Stat. § 186.087 — WI Code / Chapter 186 / Section 186.087
Additional rights to indemnification and allowance of expenses.
Status: in_force

(1) Additional rights. Except as provided in sub. (2) , ss. 186.083 and 186.085 do not preclude any additional right to indemnification or allowance of expenses that a director or officer may have under any of the following:

(a) The articles of incorporation or bylaws.

(b) A written agreement between the director or officer and the credit union.

(c) A resolution of the board of directors.

(d) A resolution, after notice, adopted by a majority vote of members present at an annual meeting or special meeting called for that purpose.

(2) Allowance expenses. Regardless of the existence of an additional right under sub. (1) , the credit union may not indemnify a director or officer, or permit a director or officer to retain any allowance of expenses unless it is determined by or on behalf of the credit union that the director or officer did not breach or fail to perform a duty he or she owes to the credit union which constitutes conduct under s. 186.083 (2) (a) 1. , 2. , 3. or 4. A director or officer who is a party to the same or related proceeding for which indemnification or an allowance of expenses is sought may not participate in a determination under this subsection.

(3) Other expenses. Sections 186.082 to 186.091 do not affect a credit union’s power to pay or reimburse expenses incurred by a director or officer in any of the following circumstances:

(a) As a witness in a proceeding to which he or she is not a party.

(b) As a plaintiff or petitioner in a proceeding because he or she is or was an employee, agent, director or officer of the credit union.

History: 1987 a. 13 ; 1995 a. 151 .
Wis. Stat. § 646.03 — WI Code / Chapter 646 / Section 646.03
Definitions.
Status: in_force

In this chapter, unless the context indicates otherwise:

(1) “Board” means the board of directors of the insurance security fund created by s. 646.12 .

(1m) “Direct insurance” does not include a policy or contract of reinsurance, except for the following:

(a) Reinsurance for which the reinsurer has issued assumption certificates under the reinsurance policy or contract.

(b) Reinsurance ceded by an assessable town mutual company.

(2) “Fund” means the insurance security fund created by s. 646.11 .

(2m) “Health maintenance organization” has the meaning given under s. 609.01 (2) .

(2p) “Insolvent insurer” means an insurer subject to this chapter that is placed under an order of liquidation by a court of competent jurisdiction with a finding of insolvency.

(2r) “Limited service health organization” has the meaning given in s. 609.01 (3) .

(3) “Liquidator” includes receiver or conservator.

(3m) “Long-term care insurance policy” has the meaning given in s. 600.03 (28g) .

(4) With respect to a life or disability insurance policy or an annuity contract, “owner” or “policyholder” means the person who is identified as the legal owner under the terms of the policy or contract or who is otherwise vested with legal title to the policy or contract through a valid assignment completed in accordance with the terms of the policy or contract and properly recorded as the owner on the books of the insurer. “Owner” or “policyholder” does not include a person with only a beneficial interest in a policy or contract.

(4m) “Retained asset account” means any mechanism in which the settlement of proceeds payable under a life insurance policy is accomplished by the insurer or an entity acting on behalf of the insurer depositing the proceeds into an account with check or draft writing privileges, where those proceeds are retained by the insurer, under a written supplementary contract not involving annuity benefits.

(5) “Unallocated annuity contract” means an annuity contract or group annuity certificate that is not issued to and owned by an individual, except to the extent of any annuity benefits guaranteed to an individual by an insurer under the contract or certificate.

History: 1979 c. 109 , 110 , 355 ; 1985 a. 29 ; 1995 a. 236 ; 2003 a. 261 ; 2009 a. 342 ; 2011 a. 224 ; 2025 a. 227 .