FrankGoortani/open-us-law huggingface dataset:
Wis. Stat. § 193.451 — WI Code / Chapter 193 / Section 193.451
Committees.
Status: in_force

(1) Generally; special litigation committee. The board, by resolution, may establish committees having the authority of the board in the management of the business of the cooperative to the extent described in the resolution. The board, by resolution, may establish a special litigation committee of specified duration under this subsection, consisting of one or more independent directors or other independent persons, to consider the legal rights of and remedies available to the cooperative and whether those rights should be enforced and those remedies should be pursued. Any committee established under this subsection, other than a special litigation committee, is subject at all times to the direction and control of the board. The board may amend a resolution establishing a special litigation committee.

(2) Membership. A committee established under sub. (1) shall consist of one or more individuals. Unless the articles or bylaws provide otherwise, committee members need not be directors.

(3) Committee procedure. The procedures for a board meeting apply to a meeting of a committee established under sub. (1) and to committee members to the same extent as those procedures apply to a board meeting and directors.

(4) Minutes. The chairperson of a committee established under sub. (1) shall ensure that minutes, if any, of committee meetings are provided, upon request, to members of the committee and to any director.

(5) Standard of conduct for directors. Establishment of, delegation of authority to, and action by a committee under sub. (1) does not alone constitute compliance by a director with s. 193.455 (1) .

(6) Duties of committee members; limitation of liability. Sections 193.455 , 193.461 , and 193.465 apply to members of committees established under sub. (1) to the same extent as those sections apply to directors.

History: 2005 a. 441 .
Wis. Stat. § 632.81 — WI Code / Chapter 632 / Section 632.81
Minimum standards for certain disability policies.
Status: in_force

The commissioner may by rule establish minimum standards for benefits, claims payments, marketing practices, compensation arrangements and reporting practices for medicare supplement policies, medicare replacement policies and long-term care insurance policies. The commissioner may by rule exempt from the minimum standards certain types of coverage, if the commissioner finds the exemption is not adverse to the interests of policyholders and certificate holders.

History: 1981 c. 82 ; 1985 a. 29 ; 1989 a. 31 , 332 .
Wis. Stat. § 252.01 — WI Code / Chapter 252 / Section 252.01
Definitions.
Status: in_force

In this chapter:

(1c) “Advanced practice nurse prescriber” means an advanced practice nurse who is certified under s. 441.16 (2) to issue prescription orders.

(1g) “Emergency medical responder” has the meaning given in s. 256.01 (4p) .

(1m) “HIV” means any strain of human immunodeficiency virus, which causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

(2) “HIV infection” means the pathological state produced by a human body in response to the presence of HIV.

(2m) “HIV test” means a test for the presence of HIV or an antibody to HIV.

(3) “Municipality” means any city, village or town.

(4) “Peace officer” has the meaning given in s. 939.22 (22) .

(5) “Physician assistant” means a person licensed under s. 448.974 .

(6) “State epidemiologist” means the individual appointed by the state health officer under s. 250.02 (1) as the state epidemiologist for acute and communicable diseases.

(7) “State patrol officer” means an officer of the state traffic patrol under s. 110.07 (1) (a) .

(8) “Validated HIV test result” means a result of an HIV test that meets the validation requirements determined to be necessary by the state epidemiologist.

History: 1993 a. 27 ss. 281 , 283 , 320 , 338 , 339 , 341 ; 1993 a. 252 ; 2005 a. 187 ; 2009 a. 209 ; 2011 a. 161 ; 2017 a. 12 ; 2021 a. 23 ; 2025 a. 17 , 18 .
Wis. Stat. § 118.017 — WI Code / Chapter 118 / Section 118.017
Foreign language instruction.
Status: in_force

(1) All instruction shall be in the English language, except:

(a) Those programs established under subch. VII of ch. 115 where instruction shall be in the English language and in the non-English language of the bilingual-bicultural education program.

(b) The school board may cause any foreign language to be taught to pupils who desire it.

(c) The school board may cause any course to be taught in a foreign language if the purpose is to facilitate the instruction of English speaking pupils in that language.

(2) A school board may grant foreign language credit to a pupil who has satisfactorily completed a high school course in American sign language.

History: 1983 a. 412 ss. 4 , 5 ; Stats. 1983 s. 118.017; 1989 a. 280 .
Wis. Stat. § 895.535 — WI Code / Chapter 895 / Section 895.535
Civil and criminal liability exemption; body cavity search.
Status: in_force

(1) Any physician, physician assistant, or registered nurse licensed to practice in this state conducting a body cavity search pursuant to s. 968.255 is immune from any civil or criminal liability for the act, except for civil liability for negligence in the performance of the act.

(2) Any employer of the person under sub. (1) or any health care facility where the search is conducted by that person has the same immunity from liability under sub. (1) .

History: 2015 a. 238 .
Wis. Stat. § 237.13 — WI Code / Chapter 237 / Section 237.13
Exemption.
Status: in_force

(1) In this section, “lock structure” includes a spillway of a lock and excludes the canal body of a lock.

(2) Any activity or work that is performed on a lock structure that is part of the navigational system is exempt from any permit or other approval required under ch. 30 or 31 .

History: 2001 a. 16 .
Wis. Stat. § 24.01 — WI Code / Chapter 24 / Section 24.01
Definitions and classification.
Status: in_force

In chs. 23 to 29 , unless the context requires otherwise or unless otherwise defined:

(1) “Agricultural college lands” embraces all lands granted to the state by an act of congress entitled “An act donating public lands to the several states and territories which may provide colleges for the benefit of agriculture and the mechanic arts,” approved July 2, 1862, as well as any land received under s. 24.09 (1) (bm) in exchange for such land.

(2) “Board” means the board of commissioners of public lands, except that this definition does not apply to ch. 25 .

(3) “Department” means department of natural resources.

(4) “Marathon County lands” embraces all lands acquired by the state pursuant to chapter 22 of the general laws of 1867, as well as any land received under s. 24.09 (1) (bm) in exchange for such land.

(5) “Normal school lands” embraces all parcels of said “swamp lands” which the legislature has declared or otherwise decided, or may hereafter declare or otherwise decide, were not or are not needed for the drainage or reclamation of the same or other lands, as well as any land received under s. 24.09 (1) (bm) in exchange for such land.

(6) “Public lands” embraces all lands and all interests in lands owned by the state either as proprietor or as trustee which constitute any part of the lands defined or specified in this section.

(7) “School lands” embraces all lands made a part of “the school fund” by article X, section 2 , of the constitution, as well as any land received under s. 24.09 (1) (bm) in exchange for such land.

(8) “Secretary” means secretary of natural resources.

(9) “Swamp lands” embraces all lands which have been or may be transferred to the state pursuant to an act of congress entitled “An act to enable the state of Arkansas and other states to reclaim the swamp lands within their limits,” approved September 28, 1850, or pursuant to an act of congress entitled “An act for the relief of purchasers and locators of swamp and overflowed lands,” approved March 2, 1855, as well as any land received under s. 24.09 (1) (bm) in exchange for such land.

(10) “University lands” embraces all lands the proceeds of which are denominated “the university fund” by article X, section 6 , of the constitution, as well as any land received under s. 24.09 (1) (bm) in exchange for such land.

(11) “Warden” means conservation warden, and includes county, special and deputy conservation wardens.

History: 1977 c. 9 ; 1981 c. 390 ; 1983 a. 189 , 192 ; 1987 a. 119 ; 1997 a. 27 ; 1999 a. 83 .
Wis. Stat. § 454.265 — WI Code / Chapter 454 / Section 454.265
Continuing education.
Status: in_force

The department may impose continuing education requirements on a person who holds a license under this subchapter that is not an inactive license as a part of the disciplinary process to ensure competency.

History: 2011 a. 190 ; 2017 a. 81 .
Wis. Stat. § 992.19 — WI Code / Chapter 992 / Section 992.19
Cooperative educational service agency debts validated.
Status: in_force

Any long-term debt incurred by the board of control of a cooperative educational service agency prior to April 15, 1989, for the purpose of purchasing real property under s. 116.055 is declared to be a legal, valid and binding debt of the agency, notwithstanding the lack of authority of the agency to incur such debt.

History: 1989 a. 31 .
Wis. Stat. § 179.0403 — WI Code / Chapter 179 / Section 179.0403
Limited partnership liable for general partner’s actionable conduct.
Status: in_force

(1) A limited partnership is liable for loss or injury caused to a person, or for a penalty incurred, as a result of a wrongful act or omission, or other actionable conduct, of a general partner acting in the ordinary course of partnership activities and affairs or with the actual or apparent authority of the partnership.

(2) If, in the course of the limited partnership’s activities and affairs or while acting with actual or apparent authority of the partnership, a general partner receives or causes the partnership to receive money or property of a person not a partner, and the money or property is misapplied by a general partner, the partnership is liable for the loss.

History: 2021 a. 258 .
Wis. Stat. § 23.145 — WI Code / Chapter 23 / Section 23.145
Certain land sales required.
Status: in_force

(1) The natural resources board shall on or before June 30, 2017, offer for sale at least 10,000 acres of land owned by the state, under the jurisdiction of the department, and outside of project boundaries that were established by the department on or before May 1, 2013.

(2) If there is any outstanding public debt used to finance the acquisition of any land that is sold under sub. (1) , the department shall deposit a sufficient amount of the net proceeds from the sale of the land in the bond security and redemption fund under s. 18.09 to repay the principal and pay the interest on the debt, and any premium due upon refunding any of the debt. If there is any outstanding public debt used to finance the acquisition of any land that is sold under sub. (1) , the department shall then provide a sufficient amount of the net proceeds from the sale of the land for the costs of maintaining federal tax law compliance applicable to the debt. If the land was acquired with federal financial assistance, the department shall pay to the federal government any of the net proceeds required by federal law. If the land was acquired by gift or grant or acquired with gift or grant funds, the department shall adhere to any restriction governing use of the proceeds. If there is no such debt outstanding, there are no moneys payable to the federal government, and there is no restriction governing use of the proceeds, and if the net proceeds exceed the amount required to be deposited, paid, or used for another purpose under this subsection, the department shall use the net proceeds or remaining net proceeds from the sale of land under sub. (1) to pay principal on outstanding public debt under the Warren Knowles-Gaylord Nelson stewardship 2000 program under s. 23.0917 .

History: 2013 a. 20 .
Wis. Stat. § 346.59 — WI Code / Chapter 346 / Section 346.59
Minimum speed regulation.
Status: in_force

(1) No person shall drive a motor vehicle at a speed so slow as to impede the normal and reasonable movement of traffic except when reduced speed is necessary for safe operation or is necessary to comply with the law.

(2) The operator of a vehicle moving at a speed so slow as to impede the normal and reasonable movement of traffic shall, if practicable, yield the roadway to an overtaking vehicle and shall move at a reasonably increased speed or yield the roadway to overtaking vehicles when directed to do so by a traffic officer.

History: 1977 c. 100 ; 2013 a. 365 .
Wis. Stat. § 411.503 — WI Code / Chapter 411 / Section 411.503
Modification or impairment of rights and remedies.
Status: in_force

(1) Except as otherwise provided in this chapter, the lease agreement may include rights and remedies for default in addition to or in substitution for those provided in this chapter and may limit or alter the measure of damages recoverable under this chapter.

(2) Resort to a remedy provided under this chapter or in the lease agreement is optional unless the remedy is expressly agreed to be exclusive. If circumstances cause an exclusive or limited remedy to fail of its essential purpose, or if provision for an exclusive remedy is unconscionable, remedy may be had as provided in this chapter.

(3) Consequential damages may be liquidated under s. 411.504 , or may otherwise be limited, altered or excluded unless the limitation, alteration or exclusion is unconscionable. Limitation, alteration or exclusion of consequential damages for injury to the person in the case of consumer goods is prima facie unconscionable but limitation, alteration or exclusion of damages where the loss is commercial is not prima facie unconscionable.

(4) Rights and remedies on default by the lessor or the lessee with respect to any obligation or promise that is collateral or ancillary to the lease contract are not impaired by this chapter.

History: 1991 a. 148 .
Wis. Stat. § 812.14 — WI Code / Chapter 812 / Section 812.14
Answer conclusive if no reply by plaintiff; procedure following reply.
Status: in_force

(1) The answer of the garnishee shall be taken as true unless the plaintiff, within 20 days after the receipt of the answer of the garnishee, serves a reply upon the garnishee.

(2) Upon service of the reply, issue shall be joined between the plaintiff and garnishee, and the parties shall thereupon proceed as in ordinary civil actions.

(3) Trial of a garnishment issue shall be to the court.

History: Sup. Ct. Order, 67 Wis. 2d 585, 759 (1975); Stats. 1975 s. 812.14.
Wis. Stat. § 134.37 — WI Code / Chapter 134 / Section 134.37
Divulging message or forging receipt.
Status: in_force

Any person connected with a telegraph or messenger company, incorporated or unincorporated, operating a line of telegraph or engaged in the business of receiving and delivering messages in this state, in any capacity, who willfully divulges the contents, or the nature of the contents of a private communication entrusted to the person for transmission or delivery, or who willfully refuses or neglects to transmit or deliver the same, or who willfully forges the name of the intended receiver to a receipt for any such message or communication or article of value entrusted to the person by said company, shall be imprisoned in the county jail, not exceeding one year, or be fined not to exceed $500, in the discretion of the court.

History: 1993 a. 482 .
Wis. Stat. § 563.11 — WI Code / Chapter 563 / Section 563.11
License to conduct bingo.
Status: in_force

(1) Any bona fide religious, charitable, service, fraternal or veterans organization or any organization, other than the state or any political subdivision of the state, to which contributions are deductible for federal income tax purposes or state income or franchise tax purposes, may apply to the department for a license to conduct bingo. In this subsection, “service organization” includes all of the following:

(b) A community-based residential facility.

(c) A senior citizen community center.

(d) An adult family home.

(2)

(a) Prior to applying for a license, an organization listed under sub. (1) shall:

1. Be incorporated in this state as a nonprofit corporation or organized in this state as a religious or nonprofit organization.

2. Have at least 15 members in good standing.

3. Conduct activities within this state in addition to the conduct of bingo.

5. Operate without profit to its members, and no part of the net earnings of such organization shall inure to the benefit of any private shareholder or individual.

6. Have been in existence for 3 years immediately preceding its application for a license, and shall have had during that 3-year period a membership actively engaged in making proper and legitimate expenditures.

7. Have received and used and shall continue to receive and use, for proper and legitimate expenditures, funds derived from sources other than from the conduct of bingo.

(b) Paragraph (a) does not apply to any organization listed under sub. (1) (b) to (d) .

History: 1973 c. 156 ; 1989 a. 147 ; 1991 a. 39 ; 1991 a. 269 ss. 782bd , 782bh ; Stats. 1991 s. 563.11; 2005 a. 22 .
Wis. Stat. § 632.96 — WI Code / Chapter 632 / Section 632.96
Beneficiaries in fraternal contracts.
Status: in_force

(1) Any owner may designate as beneficiary any person permitted by the laws of the fraternal. Those laws shall authorize the designation of the estate of a member or insured employee as beneficiary.

(2) Subject to sub. (1) , s. 632.48 applies.

History: 1975 c. 373 , 421 ; 1989 a. 336 ; 1997 a. 177 .
Wis. Stat. § 801.13 — WI Code / Chapter 801 / Section 801.13
Summons; when deemed served.
Status: in_force

A summons is deemed served as follows:

(1) A summons served personally upon the defendant or by substituted personal service upon another authorized to accept service of the summons for the defendant is deemed served on the day of service.

(2) A summons served by publication is deemed served on the first day of required publication.

History: Sup. Ct. Order, 67 Wis. 2d 585, 607 (1975).
Wis. Stat. § 157.111 — WI Code / Chapter 157 / Section 157.111
Opening and closing of burial places.
Status: in_force

If a grave, mausoleum space or other place used or intended to be used for the burial of human remains is located in a cemetery owned or operated by a cemetery authority, only the cemetery authority or a person designated by the cemetery authority may open or close the grave, mausoleum space or other place used or intended to be used for the burial of human remains.

History: 1993 a. 386 .
Wis. Stat. § 348.29 — WI Code / Chapter 348 / Section 348.29
Weight limitations for certain permits.
Status: in_force

Notwithstanding s. 348.15 (3) (c) , for any vehicle or vehicle combination operating under a permit issued under s. 348.26 (8) or 348.27 (17) , the gross weight imposed on the highway by any group of 6 or more consecutive axles of a vehicle or combination of vehicles may not exceed the maximum gross weights in the following table for each of the respective distances between axles and the respective numbers of axles of a group: [See Figure 348.29 following]

History: 2011 a. 55 .
Wis. Stat. § 779.20 — WI Code / Chapter 779 / Section 779.20
Action to enforce log lien; parties; costs; change of venue.
Status: in_force

(1) An action to enforce any lien under s. 779.18 may be brought in the circuit court of the county where the petition is filed. This claim shall cease to be a lien unless an action to foreclose it is commenced within 4 months after filing the petition. If the claim is not due at the time of filing the petition the time when the claim will become due shall be stated in the petition, and in this case the claim shall not cease to be a lien until 30 days after the claim has become due and until 4 months after the filing of the petition.

(2) Where the property subject to such lien has been taken from the county where such work was done the lienor may bring an action to foreclose the lien in any county where said property may be found. In all foreclosure actions the person liable for such claim shall be made defendant and any other person claiming to own or have any interest in such property may be made a defendant, but shall not be liable for costs unless defending the action. In actions appealed from municipal court no change of venue shall be allowed except for prejudice of the judge or of the people.

History: 1977 c. 449 ; 1979 c. 32 ss. 57 , 92 (9) ; 1979 c. 176 ; Stats. 1979 s. 779.20.
Wis. Stat. § 403.309 — WI Code / Chapter 403 / Section 403.309
Enforcement of lost, destroyed or stolen instrument.
Status: in_force

(1) A person not in possession of an instrument is entitled to enforce the instrument if all of the following apply:

(a) The person was in possession of the instrument and entitled to enforce it when loss of possession occurred.

(b) The loss of possession was not the result of a transfer by the person or a lawful seizure.

(c) The person cannot reasonably obtain possession of the instrument because the instrument was destroyed, its whereabouts cannot be determined or it is in the wrongful possession of an unknown person or a person that cannot be found or is not amenable to service of process.

(2) A person seeking enforcement of an instrument under sub. (1) shall prove the terms of the instrument and the person’s right to enforce the instrument. If that proof is made, s. 403.308 applies to the case as if the person seeking enforcement had produced the instrument. The court may not enter judgment in favor of the person seeking enforcement unless it finds that the person required to pay the instrument is adequately protected against loss that might occur by reason of a claim by another person to enforce the instrument. Adequate protection may be provided by any reasonable means.

History: 1995 a. 449 .
Wis. Stat. § 84.1037 — WI Code / Chapter 84 / Section 84.1037
Donald K. “Deke” Slayton Memorial Highway.
Status: in_force

(1) The department shall designate and, subject to sub. (2) , mark STH 27 in Monroe County commencing at Sparta and proceeding southerly to Cashton as the “Donald K. ‘Deke’ Slayton Memorial Highway” as a living memorial to and in honor of Donald K. “Deke” Slayton, who brought credit to this state and, in particular, Monroe County for his contribution to this country’s space program as one of the 7 original astronauts and as a participant in the first joint United States-Soviet space mission.

(2) Upon receipt of sufficient contributions from interested parties, including any county, city, village, or town, to cover the cost of erecting and maintaining markers along the route specified in sub. (1) to clearly identify to motorists the designation of the route as the “Donald K. ‘Deke’ Slayton Memorial Highway,” the department shall erect and maintain the markers. No state funds, other than from the receipt of contributions under this subsection, may be expended for the erection or maintenance of the markers.

History: 2001 a. 16 s. 2307m ; 2001 a. 104 s. 72 .
Wis. Stat. § 183.0111 — WI Code / Chapter 183 / Section 183.0111
Supplemental principles of law.
Status: in_force

Unless displaced by particular provisions of this chapter, the principles of law and equity supplement this chapter.

History: 2021 a. 258 .
Wis. Stat. § 91.30 — WI Code / Chapter 91 / Section 91.30
Authority to adopt.
Status: in_force

A political subdivision may adopt and administer a farmland preservation zoning ordinance in accordance with s. 59.69 , 60.61 , 60.62 , or 62.23 .

History: 2009 a. 28 .