FrankGoortani/open-us-law huggingface dataset:
Wis. Stat. § 180.1142 — WI Code / Chapter 180 / Section 180.1142
Determining market value and control.
Status: in_force

(1) For purposes of ss. 180.1140 to 180.1144 , the market value of stock or property other than cash or stock is determined as follows:

(a) In the case of stock, by:

1. The highest closing sale price during the 30 days immediately before the date in question of a share of that class or series of stock on the composite tape for stocks listed on the New York stock exchange, or, if that class or series of stock is not quoted on the composite tape or if that class or series of stock is not listed on the New York stock exchange, on the principal U.S. securities exchange registered under the exchange act on which that class or series of stock is listed.

2. If that class or series of stock is not listed on an exchange described in subd. 1. , the highest closing bid quotation for a share of that class or series of stock during the 30 days immediately before the date in question on the National Association of Securities Dealers automated quotation system, or any similar system then in use.

3. If no quotations described in subd. 2. are available, the fair market value on the date in question of a share of that class or series of stock as determined in good faith by the board of directors of the resident domestic corporation.

(b) In the case of property other than cash or stock, the fair market value of the property on the date in question as determined in good faith by the board of directors of the resident domestic corporation.

(2) For purposes of ss. 180.1140 to 180.1144 , a person’s beneficial ownership of at least 10 percent of the voting power of a corporation’s outstanding voting stock creates a presumption that the person has control of the corporation.

History: 1989 a. 303 ; 1991 a. 39 .
Wis. Stat. § 968.46 — WI Code / Chapter 968 / Section 968.46
Secrecy.
Status: in_force

Notwithstanding s. 757.14 , all motions, including but not limited to those for immunity or a privilege, brought by a prosecuting officer or witness appearing before a grand jury shall be made, heard and decided in complete secrecy and not in open court if the prosecuting officer or witness bringing the motion or exercising the immunity or privilege so requests.

History: 1979 c. 291 ; Sup. Ct. Order No. 96-08 , 207 Wis. 2d xv (1997); Stats. 1997 s. 968.46.
Wis. Stat. § 302.384 — WI Code / Chapter 302 / Section 302.384
Procedure if a prisoner refuses appropriate care or treatment.
Status: in_force

(1m) In this section, “health care professional” means a person licensed, certified, or registered under ch. 441 , 448 , or 455 ; or a person who holds a compact privilege under subch. XI of ch. 448 ; or a psychologist who is exercising the temporary authorization to practice, as defined in s. 455.50 (2) (o) , in this state or who is practicing under the authority to practice interjurisdictional telepsychology, as defined in s. 455.50 (2) (b) .

(2m) A sheriff, jailer, keeper of any prison, jail or house of correction and the arresting officer are immune from civil liability for any acts or omissions that occur as the result of a good faith effort to allow a prisoner to refuse appropriate care or treatment if all of the following occur:

(a) A sheriff, jailer, keeper or officer arranges for a health care professional to observe the prisoner.

(b) The health care professional informs the prisoner of the availability of appropriate care or treatment.

(c) The health care professional indicates on records kept by a sheriff, jailer, keeper or officer that appropriate care or treatment was offered and that the prisoner refused that care or treatment.

History: 1987 a. 269 , 403 ; 1989 a. 31 s. 1659 ; Stats. 1989 s. 302.384; 2019 a. 90 ; 2021 a. 131 , 240 ; 2025 a. 128 , 130 .
Wis. Stat. § 178.1102 — WI Code / Chapter 178 / Section 178.1102
Relationship of subchapter to other laws.
Status: in_force

(1) This subchapter does not authorize an act prohibited by, and does not affect the application or requirements of, law other than this subchapter.

(2) A transaction effected under this subchapter may not create or impair a right, duty, or obligation of a person under the law of this state, other than this subchapter, relating to a change in control, takeover, business combination, control-share acquisition, or similar transaction involving a domestic constituent, acquired, or converting entity.

History: 2015 a. 295 ; 2021 a. 258 .
Wis. Stat. § 422.503 — WI Code / Chapter 422 / Section 422.503
Prohibited activities.
Status: in_force

(1) A credit services organization, and its salespersons, agents and representatives who offer or sell the services of the credit services organization, may not do any of the following:

(a) Charge or receive any money or other valuable consideration solely for referral of the buyer to a merchant who will or may extend credit to the buyer, if the credit extended to the buyer is upon substantially the same terms as is credit that is available to the general public.

(b) Make, or counsel or advise any buyer to make, any statement which is untrue or misleading and which is known, or which by the exercise of reasonable care should be known, to be untrue or misleading, to a consumer reporting agency or to any person who has extended credit to a buyer or to whom a buyer is applying for an extension of credit, with respect to a buyer’s credit worthiness, credit standing or credit capacity.

(c) Make or use any untrue or misleading representations in the offer or sale of the services of the credit services organization or engage, directly or indirectly, in any act, practice or course of business that operates or would operate as a fraud or deception upon any person in connection with the offer or sale of the services of a credit services organization.

(2) A violation of this section is subject to s. 425.305 .

History: 1991 a. 244 .
Wis. Stat. § 195.05 — WI Code / Chapter 195 / Section 195.05
Office; water carrier rates, regulations, service, procedure.
Status: in_force

(1) Orders for rates and service. Whenever the office shall find that any existing water carrier rate, fare, charge, or classification, or any joint rate, or any regulation or practice affecting the transportation of persons or property, or any service in connection therewith is unreasonable or unjustly discriminatory or that any service is inadequate, it shall determine and by order fix a reasonable rate, fare, charge, classification, joint rate, regulation, practice or service to be imposed, observed and followed in the future, in lieu of that found to be unreasonable or unjustly discriminatory or inadequate.

(2) Time to comply with orders. Where the order made relates to service, and the same cannot, in the judgment of the office, be complied with within 20 days, the office may prescribe such additional time as in its judgment is reasonably necessary to comply with the order and may on application and for good cause shown further extend the time.

(3) Rates not changed by water carrier. All water carriers to which the order applies shall make such changes in their schedule on file as may be necessary to make the same conform to said order, and no change shall thereafter be made by any water carrier in any such rates, fares or charges, or in any joint rates except as provided in s. 195.08 .

(4) Modification of orders. The office may by order at any time, upon notice to the water carrier and after opportunity to be heard, rescind, alter or amend any order fixing any rate or rates, fares, charges or classification, or any other order made by the office.

History: 1981 c. 347 s. 80 (1) ; 1985 a. 187 ; 1993 a. 16 , 123 ; 2005 a. 179 .
Wis. Stat. § 422.207 — WI Code / Chapter 422 / Section 422.207
Advances to perform agreements of customer.
Status: in_force

(1) With respect to a consumer credit transaction the parties may, to the extent not prohibited by chs. 421 to 427 and 429 , agree that the customer will perform certain duties with respect to preserving or insuring collateral or goods subject to a motor vehicle consumer lease, if such duties are reasonable in relation to the risk of loss of or damage to the collateral or goods. If the customer fails to so perform the creditor may, if authorized by the agreement, pay for the performance of such duties on behalf of the customer. The amount paid may be added to the unpaid balance of the customer’s obligation, if, in the absence of performance, the merchant has made all expenditures on behalf of the customer in good faith and in a commercially reasonable manner and the merchant has given the customer written notice of the nonperformance and reasonable opportunity after such notice to so perform.

(2) Within a reasonable time after advancing any sums pursuant to sub. (1) , the merchant shall state to the customer in writing the amount of the sums advanced, any charges with respect to this amount and any revised payment schedule and, if the duties of the customer performed by the merchant pertain to insurance, a brief description of the insurance paid for including the type and amount of coverages.

(3) A finance charge may be made for sums advanced pursuant to sub. (1) at a rate not exceeding the rate stated to the customer pursuant to the provisions on disclosure in subch. III , or if no disclosure is required then at the annual rate of finance charge assessed on that transaction. With respect to an open-end credit plan the amount of the advance may be added to the unpaid balance of the account and the merchant may make a finance charge not exceeding that permitted by s. 422.201 .

(4) A violation of this section is subject to s. 425.304 .

History: 1971 c. 239 ; 1979 c. 10 , 89 ; 1995 a. 329 ; 1997 a. 302 .
Wis. Stat. § 244.11 — WI Code / Chapter 244 / Section 244.11
Coagents and successor agents.
Status: in_force

(1) A principal may designate in a power of attorney 2 or more persons to act as coagents. Unless the power of attorney otherwise provides, each coagent may exercise its authority independently.

(2) A principal may designate in a power of attorney one or more successor agents to act if an agent resigns, dies, becomes incapacitated, is not qualified to serve, or declines to serve. A principal may grant authority to designate one or more successor agents to an agent or other person designated by name, office, or function. Unless the power of attorney otherwise provides, a successor agent is subject to all of the following:

(a) Has the same authority as that granted to the original agent.

(b) May not act until all predecessor agents have resigned, died, become incapacitated, are no longer qualified to serve, or have declined to serve.

(3) Except as otherwise provided in the power of attorney and sub. (4) , an agent who does not participate in or conceal a breach of fiduciary duty committed by another agent, including a predecessor agent, is not liable for the actions of the other agent.

(4) An agent who has actual knowledge of a breach or imminent breach of fiduciary duty by another agent shall notify the principal and, if the principal is incapacitated, take any other action reasonably appropriate in the circumstances to safeguard the principal’s best interest. An agent who fails to take action as required by this subsection is liable for the reasonably foreseeable damages that could have been avoided if the agent had notified the principal or taken other action.

History: 2009 a. 319 .
Wis. Stat. § 177.1502 — WI Code / Chapter 177 / Section 177.1502
Effect of new provisions; clarification of application.
Status: in_force

(1) This chapter does not relieve a holder of a duty that arose before November 7, 2021, to report, pay, or deliver property. Subject to s. 177.0610 (2) and (3) , a holder who did not comply with the law governing unclaimed property in effect before November 7, 2021, is subject to the applicable enforcement and penalty provisions in effect before November 7, 2021.

(2) The initial report filed under this chapter for property that was not required to be reported before November 7, 2021, but that is required to be reported under this chapter, shall include all items of property that would have been presumed abandoned during the 10-year period preceding November 7, 2021, as if this chapter had been in effect during that period.

History: 1983 a. 408 ; 2021 a. 87 s. 185 ; Stats. 2021 s. 177.1502.
Wis. Stat. § 70.174 — WI Code / Chapter 70 / Section 70.174
Improvements on government-owned land.
Status: in_force

Improvements made by any person on land within this state owned by the United States shall be assessed as real property, as provided under s. 70.17 (3) .

History: 2023 a. 12 .
Wis. Stat. § 48.36 — WI Code / Chapter 48 / Section 48.36
Payment for services.
Status: in_force

(1)

(a) If legal custody is transferred from the parent or guardian or the court otherwise designates an alternative placement for the child by a consent decree under s. 48.32 , a disposition made under s. 48.345 , or a change in placement under s. 48.357 , the duty of the parent or guardian or, in the case of a transfer of guardianship and custody under s. 48.839 (4) , the duty of the former guardian to provide support shall continue even though the legal custodian or the placement designee may provide the support. A copy of the order transferring custody or designating alternative placement for the child shall be submitted to the agency or person receiving custody or placement and the agency or person may apply to the court for an order to compel the parent or guardian to provide the support. Support payments for residential services, when purchased or otherwise funded or provided by the department or a county department, shall be determined under s. 49.345 (14) . Support payments for residential services, when purchased or otherwise funded by the department of health services or a county department under s. 51.42 or 51.437 , shall be determined under s. 46.10 (14) .

(b) In determining the amount of support under par. (a) , the court may consider all relevant financial information or other information relevant to the parent’s earning capacity, including information reported under s. 49.22 (2m) to the department or the county child support agency under s. 59.53 (5) . If the court has insufficient information with which to determine the amount of support, the court shall order the child’s parent to furnish a statement of income, assets, debts, and living expenses, if the parent has not already done so, to the court within 10 days after the court’s order transferring custody or designating an alternative placement is entered or at such other time as ordered by the court.

(2) If an expectant mother or a child whose legal custody has not been taken from a parent or guardian is given educational and social services, or medical, psychological or psychiatric treatment by order of the court, the cost of those services or that treatment, if ordered by the court, shall be a charge upon the county in a county having a population of less than 750,000 or the department in a county having a population of 750,000 or more. This section does not prevent recovery of reasonable contribution toward the costs from the parent or guardian of the child or from an adult expectant mother as the court may order based on the ability of the parent, guardian or adult expectant mother to pay. This subsection shall be subject to s. 49.32 (1) .

(3) In determining county or departmental liability, this section does not apply to services specified in ch. 115 .

History: 1977 c. 354 ; 1979 c. 221 ; 1981 c. 81 ; 1985 a. 29 s. 3202 (23) ; 1985 a. 176 ; 1989 a. 31 , 107 ; 1993 a. 446 , 481 ; 1995 a. 27 ss. 2468 , 9126 (19) ; 1995 a. 77 , 404 ; 1997 a. 3 , 27 , 292 ; 2007 a. 20 ss. 1255 to 1257 , 9121 (6) (a) ; 2015 a. 172 , 373 .
Wis. Stat. § 784.01 — WI Code / Chapter 784 / Section 784.01
Remedy by civil action; forms.
Status: in_force

The remedies heretofore obtainable by writs of scire facias and quo warranto and by proceedings by information in the nature of quo warranto may be obtained by civil action, and it shall not be necessary to sue out such writs in form; but this section shall not prevent the use by the supreme court of writs and proceedings in the forms hitherto used in such cases in such court.

History: 1979 c. 32 s. 61 ; Stats. 1979 s. 784.01.
Wis. Stat. § 106.56 — WI Code / Chapter 106 / Section 106.56
Postsecondary education: prohibition against discrimination on basis of physical condition or developmental disability.
Status: in_force

(1) Subject to sub. (3) , no school, university or other institution offering courses or programs in postsecondary education or vocational training which is supported wholly or in part by public funds may refuse to admit any person to any school, institution, course or program or any curricular or extracurricular activity, or may otherwise discriminate against any person, solely on the basis of physical condition or developmental disability as defined in s. 51.01 (5) .

(2) If admission to any such school, university, institution, program or course requires that a prospective enrollee take a standardized aptitude examination and the prospective enrollee is unable to take such an examination under standard conditions because of physical condition or developmental disability as defined in s. 51.01 (5) , the school, university or institution shall make a good-faith effort to modify the examination conditions in a manner which will permit the prospective enrollee to demonstrate aptitude. The failure of any school, university or institution to make such a good-faith effort is discrimination within the meaning of this section.

(3) The prohibition against discrimination under sub. (1) does not apply to:

(a) Courses, programs or activities involving the handling or operation of hazardous substances, machines or appliances if there is no feasible way in which the physical safety of the disabled student or of other persons can be adequately protected; or

(b) The admission of a person who does not meet the minimum physical standards which are reasonably necessary for a particular course, program or activity. The school, university or other institution has the burden of proving that such minimum physical standards are reasonably necessary.

(4)

(a) The department shall receive and investigate complaints charging discrimination or discriminatory practices in particular cases, and publicize its findings with respect thereto. The department has all powers provided under s. 111.39 with respect to the disposition of such complaints. The findings and orders of examiners may be reviewed as provided under s. 106.52 (4) (b) .

(b) Findings and orders of the commission under this section are subject to review under ch. 227 . Upon such review, the department of justice shall represent the commission.

History: 1975 c. 275 , 421 ; 1977 c. 29 ; 1977 c. 418 s. 929 (55) ; 1979 c. 221 ; 1981 c. 334 s. 25 (2) ; 1991 a. 295 ; 1995 a. 27 s. 3690 ; Stats. 1995 s. 106.07; 1999 a. 82 ss. 94 to 99 ; Stats. 1999 s. 106.56.
Wis. Stat. § 44.14 — WI Code / Chapter 44 / Section 44.14
Central depository loan collection, federal documents.
Status: in_force

(1) It is the purpose of this section to establish a more economical system of handling federal documents in this state in such a way as to effect savings of staff and space to the participating libraries, both state and local; to make such documents more available to more of the people, colleges and libraries of the state, in accordance with the purposes of the federal depository act of 1895 and the needs of the citizens of the state; and to make possible substantial economies in the publication costs of such documents at the federal level as well. To this end the state documents depository established by s. 44.06 may acquire and establish a central state depository and loan collection of federal documents for the benefit of the University of Wisconsin System, the state law library, the depository libraries and such other college and public libraries in this state as may desire to share in the benefits of this loan collection.

(2) The University of Wisconsin System and the public and other participating libraries, federal regulations permitting, may transfer outright or may loan indefinitely to this central depository any or all federal documents now in their possession which in their opinion are so little used for ready reference purposes as to make their retention unnecessary if copies are available on loan from the central depository loan collection.

(3) Documents so transferred may be used by the society to furnish participating libraries with items needed for their permanent reference collections, for the central loan collection, or for exchange, trade or sale in order to make more complete and useful the central loan collection established by this section.

(4) The board of curators may promulgate such rules governing the loan of books from the central depository loan collection and may make such charges to cover shipping costs as may be deemed necessary and advisable.

History: 1977 c. 26 ; 1985 s. 332 s. 251 (3).
Wis. Stat. § 101.9204 — WI Code / Chapter 101 / Section 101.9204
Application for certificate of title.
Status: in_force

(1) An application for a certificate of title shall be made to the department upon a form or in an automated format prescribed by it and shall be accompanied by the required fee. Each application for certificate of title shall include the following information:

(a) The name and address of the owner.

(b) A description of the manufactured home, including make, model, identification number and any other information or documentation that the department may reasonably require for proper identification of the manufactured home.

(c) The date of purchase by the applicant, the name and address of the person from whom the manufactured home was acquired and the names and addresses of any secured parties in the order of their priority.

(d) If the manufactured home is a new manufactured home being titled for the first time, the signature of the manufactured home dealer. The document of origin shall contain the information specified by the department.

(e) Any further evidence of ownership which the department may reasonably require to enable it to determine whether the owner is entitled to a certificate of title and the existence or nonexistence of security interests in the manufactured home.

(f) If the identification number of the manufactured home has been removed, obliterated or altered, or if the original casting has been replaced, or if the manufactured home has not been numbered by the manufacturer, the application for certificate of title shall so state.

(g) If the manufactured home is a used manufactured home that was last previously titled in another jurisdiction, the applicant shall furnish any certificate of ownership issued by the other jurisdiction and a statement, in the form prescribed by the department, pertaining to the title history and ownership of the manufactured home.

(1m) On the form or in the automated format for application for a certificate of title, the department may show the fee under s. 101.9208 (4m) separately from the fee under s. 101.9208 (1) or (4) .

(2) Any person who knowingly makes a false statement in an application for a certificate of title is guilty of a Class H felony.

History: 1999 a. 9 , 53 , 185 ; 2001 a. 38 , 109 ; 2005 a. 45 , 253 .
Wis. Stat. § 614.31 — WI Code / Chapter 614 / Section 614.31
Securities regulation.
Status: in_force

Section 611.31 applies to fraternal bonds but does not apply to contribution notes, as they are defined in s. 611.33 as incorporated by s. 614.33 .

History: 1975 c. 373 .
Wis. Stat. § 322.0675 — WI Code / Chapter 322 / Section 322.0675
Article 67a — Review by state appellate authority.
Status: in_force

Decisions of a court-martial are from a court with jurisdiction to issue felony convictions, and appeals are to the Wisconsin court of appeals, District IV and, if necessary, to the Wisconsin Supreme Court. The appellate procedures to be followed shall be those provided under ch. 809 .

History: 2007 a. 200 ; 2009 a. 179 .