RCW 62A.2-105 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 2 / Section 2-105
RCW 62A.2-105: Definitions: Transferability; "goods"; "future" goods; "lot"; "commercial unit".
Status: in_force

(1) "Goods" means all things (including specially manufactured goods) which are movable at the time of identification to the contract for sale other than the money in which the price is to be paid, investment securities (Article 8) and things in action. "Goods" also includes the unborn young of animals and growing crops and other identified things attached to realty as described in the section on goods to be severed from realty (RCW 62A.2-107 ). (2) Goods must be both existing and identified before any interest in them can pass. Goods which are not both existing and identified are "future" goods. A purported present sale of future goods or of any interest therein operates as a contract to sell. (3) There may be a sale of a part interest in existing identified goods. (4) An undivided share in an identified bulk of fungible goods is sufficiently identified to be sold although the quantity of the bulk is not determined. Any agreed proportion of such a bulk or any quantity thereof agreed upon by number, weight or other measure may to the extent of the seller's interest in the bulk be sold to the buyer who then becomes an owner in common. (5) "Lot" means a parcel or a single article which is the subject matter of a separate sale or delivery, whether or not it is sufficient to perform the contract. (6) "Commercial unit" means such a unit of goods as by commercial usage is a single whole for purposes of sale and division of which materially impairs its character or value on the market or in use. A commercial unit may be a single article (as a machine) or a set of articles (as a suite of furniture or an assortment of sizes) or a quantity (as a bale, gross, or carload) or any other unit treated in use or in the relevant market as a single whole.
RCW 62A.9A-621 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 9A / Section 9A-621
RCW 62A.9A-621: Notification of proposal to accept collateral.
Status: in_force

(a) Persons to which proposal to be sent. A secured party that desires to accept collateral in full or partial satisfaction of the obligation it secures shall send its proposal to: (1) Any other secured party or lienholder that, 10 days before the debtor consented to the acceptance, held a security interest in or other lien on the collateral perfected by the filing of a financing statement that: (A) Identified the collateral; (B) Was indexed under the debtor's name as of that date; and (C) Was filed in the office or offices in which to file a financing statement against the debtor covering the collateral as of that date; and (2) Any other secured party that, 10 days before the debtor consented to the acceptance, held a security interest in the collateral perfected by compliance with a statute, regulation, or treaty described in RCW 62A.9A-311 (a). (b) Proposal to be sent to secondary obligor in partial satisfaction. A secured party that desires to accept collateral in partial satisfaction of the obligation it secures shall send its proposal to any secondary obligor in addition to the persons described in subsection (a) of this section.
RCW 62A.9A-517 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 9A / Section 9A-517
RCW 62A.9A-517: Effect of indexing errors.
Status: in_force

The failure of the filing office to index a record correctly does not affect the effectiveness of the filed record.
RCW 62A.7-601 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 7 / Section 7-601
RCW 62A.7-601: Lost, stolen, or destroyed documents of title.
Status: in_force

(a) If a document of title is lost, stolen, or destroyed, a court may order delivery of the goods or issuance of a substitute document and the bailee may without liability to any person comply with the order. If the document was negotiable, a court may not order delivery of the goods or issuance of a substitute document without the claimant's posting security unless it finds that any person that may suffer loss as a result of nonsurrender of possession or control of the document is adequately protected against the loss. If the document was nonnegotiable, the court may require security. The court may also order payment of the bailee's reasonable costs and attorneys' fees in any action under this subsection. (b) A bailee that, without a court order, delivers goods to a person claiming under a missing negotiable document of title is liable to any person injured thereby. If the delivery is not in good faith, the bailee is liable for conversion. Delivery in good faith is not conversion if the claimant posts security with the bailee in an amount at least double the value of the goods at the time of posting to indemnify any person injured by the delivery which files a notice of claim within one year after the delivery.
RCW 62A.12A-301 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 12A / Section 12A-301
RCW 62A.12A-301: Saving clause.
Status: in_force

(a) Preeffective-date transaction, lien, or interest. Except as provided in this part, Article 9A of this title as amended by chapter 266, Laws of 2023 and Article 12 apply to a transaction, lien, or other interest in property, even if the transaction, lien, or interest was entered into, created, or acquired before January 1, 2024. (b) Continuing validity. Except as provided in subsection (c) of this section and *sections 1005 [1105] through 1109 of this act: (1) A transaction, lien, or interest in property that was validly entered into, created, or transferred before January 1, 2024, and was not governed by this title, but would be subject to Article 9A of this title as amended by chapter 266, Laws of 2023 or Article 12 if it had been entered into, created, or transferred on or after January 1, 2024, including the rights, duties, and interests flowing from the transaction, lien, or interest, remains valid on and after January 1, 2024; and (2) The transaction, lien, or interest may be terminated, completed, consummated, and enforced as required or permitted by chapter 266, Laws of 2023 or by the law that would apply if chapter 266, Laws of 2023 had not taken effect. (c) Preeffective-date proceeding. Chapter 266, Laws of 2023 does not affect an action, case, or proceeding commenced before January 1, 2024.
RCW 62A.9A-110 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 9A / Section 9A-110
RCW 62A.9A-110: Security interests arising under Article 2 or 2A.
Status: in_force

A security interest arising under RCW 62A.2-401 , 62A.2-505 , 62A.2-711 (3), or 62A.2A-508 (5) is subject to this Article. However, until the debtor obtains possession of the goods: (1) The security interest is enforceable, even if RCW 62A.9A-203 (b)(3) has not been satisfied; (2) Filing is not required to perfect the security interest; (3) The rights of the secured party after default by the debtor are governed by Article 2 or 2A; and (4) The security interest has priority over a conflicting security interest created by the debtor.
RCW 62A.9A-102 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 9A / Section 9A-102
RCW 62A.9A-102: Definitions and index of definitions.
Status: reserved

(a) Article 9A definitions. In this Article: (1) "Accession" means goods that are physically united with other goods in such a manner that the identity of the original goods is not lost. (2)(A) "Account," except as used in "account for," "account statement," "account to," "commodity account" in (14) of this subsection, "customer's account," "deposit account" in (29) of this subsection, "on account of," and "statement of account," means a right to payment of a monetary obligation, whether or not earned by performance, (i) for property that has been or is to be sold, leased, licensed, assigned, or otherwise disposed of, (ii) for services rendered or to be rendered, (iii) for a policy of insurance issued or to be issued, (iv) for a secondary obligation incurred or to be incurred, (v) for energy provided or to be provided, (vi) for the use or hire of a vessel under a charter or other contract, (vii) arising out of the use of a credit or charge card or information contained on or for use with the card, or (viii) as winnings in a lottery or other game of chance operated or sponsored by a state, governmental unit of a state, or person licensed or authorized to operate the game by a state or governmental unit of a state. The term includes controllable accounts and health-care-insurance receivables. (B) The term does not include (i) chattel paper, (ii) commercial tort claims, (iii) deposit accounts, (iv) investment property, (v) letter-of-credit rights or letters of credit, (vi) rights to payment for money or funds advanced or sold, other than rights arising out of the use of a credit or charge card or information contained on or for use with the card, or (vii) rights to payment evidenced by an instrument. (3) "Account debtor" means a person obligated on an account, chattel paper, or general intangible. The term does not include persons obligated to pay a negotiable instrument, even if the negotiable instrument evidences chattel paper. (4) "Accounting," except as used in "accounting for," means a record: (A) Signed by a secured party; (B) Indicating the aggregate unpaid secured obligations as of a date not more than 35 days earlier or 35 days later than the date of the record; and (C) Identifying the components of the obligations in reasonable detail. (5) "Agricultural lien" means an interest, other than a security interest, in farm products: (A) Which secures payment or performance of an obligation for: (i) Goods or services furnished in connection with a debtor's farming operation; or (ii) Rent on real property leased by a debtor in connection with its farming operation; (B) Which is created by statute in favor of a person that: (i) In the ordinary course of its business, furnished goods or services to a debtor in connection with a debtor's farming operation; or (ii) Leased real property to a debtor in connection with the debtor's farming operation; and (C) Whose effectiveness does not depend on the person's possession of the personal property. (6) "As-extracted collateral" means: (A) Oil, gas, or other minerals that are subject to a security interest that: (i) Is created by a debtor having an interest in the minerals before extraction; and (ii) Attaches to the minerals as extracted; or (B) Accounts arising out of the sale at the wellhead or minehead of oil, gas, or other minerals in which the debtor had an interest before extraction. (7) [Reserved.] (7A) "Assignee," except as used in "assignee for benefit of creditors," means a person (i) in whose favor a security interest that secures an obligation is created or provided for under a security agreement, whether or not the obligation is outstanding or (ii) to which an account, chattel paper, payment intangible, or promissory note has been sold. The term includes a person to which a security interest has been transferred by a secured party. (7B) "Assignor" means a person that (i) under a security agreement creates or provides for a security interest that secures an obligation or (ii) sells an account, chattel paper, payment intangible, or promissory note. The term includes a secured party that has transferred a security interest to another person. (8) "Bank" means an organization that is engaged in the business of banking. The term includes savings banks, savings and loan associations, credit unions, and trust companies. (9) "Cash proceeds" means proceeds that are money, checks, deposit accounts, or the like. (10) "Certificate of title" means a certificate of title with respect to which a statute provides for the security interest in question to be indicated on the certificate as a condition or result of the security interest's obtaining priority over the rights of a lien creditor with respect to the collateral. The term includes another record maintained as an alternative to a certificate of title by the governmental unit that issues certificates of title if a statute permits the security interest in question to be indicated on the record as a condition or result of the security interest's obtaining priority over the rights of a lien creditor with respect to the collateral. (11) "Chattel paper" means: (A) A right to payment of a monetary obligation secured by specific goods, if the right to payment and security agreement are evidenced by a record; or (B) A right to payment of a monetary obligation owed by a lessee under a lease agreement with respect to specific goods and a monetary obligation owed by the lessee in connection with the transaction giving rise to the lease, if: (i) The right to payment and lease agreement are evidenced by a record; and (ii) The predominant purpose of the transaction giving rise to the lease was to give the lessee the right to possession and use of the goods. The term does not include a right to payment arising out of a charter or other contract involving the use or hire of a vessel or a right to payment arising out of the use of a credit or charge card or information contained on or for use with the card. (12) "Collateral" means the property subject to a security interest or agricultural lien. The term includes: (A) Proceeds to which a security interest attaches; (B) Accounts, chattel paper, payment intangibles, and promissory notes that have been sold; and (C) Goods that are the subject of a consignment. (13) "Commercial tort claim" means a claim arising in tort with respect to which: (A) The claimant is an organization; or (B) The claimant is an individual, and the claim: (i) Arose in the course of the claimant's business or profession; and (ii) Does not include damages arising out of personal injury to, or the death of, an individual. (14) "Commodity account" means an account maintained by a commodity intermediary in which a commodity contract is carried for a commodity customer. (15) "Commodity contract" means a commodity futures contract, an option on a commodity futures contract, a commodity option, or another contract if the contract or option is: (A) Traded on or subject to the rules of a board of trade that has been designated as a contract market for such a contract pursuant to federal commodities laws; or (B) Traded on a foreign commodity board of trade, exchange, or market, and is carried on the books of a commodity intermediary for a commodity customer. (16) "Commodity customer" means a person for which a commodity intermediary carries a commodity contract on its books. (17) "Commodity intermediary" means a person that: (A) Is registered as a futures commission merchant under federal commodities law; or (B) In the ordinary course of its business, provides clearance or settlement services for a board of trade that has been designated as a contract market pursuant to federal commodities law. (18) "Communicate" means: (A) To send a written or other tangible record; (B) To transmit a record by any means agreed upon by the persons sending and receiving the record; or (C) In the case of transmission of a record to or by a filing office, to transmit a record by any means prescribed by filing-office rule. (19) "Consignee" means a merchant to which goods are delivered in a consignment. (20) "Consignment" means a transaction, regardless of its form, in which a person delivers goods to a merchant for the purpose of sale and: (A) The merchant: (i) Deals in goods of that kind under a name other than the name of the person making delivery; (ii) Is not an auctioneer; and (iii) Is not generally known by its creditors to be substantially engaged in selling the goods of others; (B) With respect to each delivery, the aggregate value of the goods is one thousand dollars or more at the time of delivery; (C) The goods are not consumer goods immediately before delivery; and (D) The transaction does not create a security interest that secures an obligation. (21) "Consignor" means a person that delivers goods to a consignee in a consignment. (22) "Consumer debtor" means a debtor in a consumer transaction. (23) "Consumer goods" means goods that are used or bought for use primarily for personal, family, or household purposes. (24) "Consumer-goods transaction" means a consumer transaction in which: (A) An individual incurs a consumer obligation; and (B) A security interest in consumer goods secures the obligation. (25) "Consumer obligation" means an obligation which: (A) Is incurred as part of a transaction entered into primarily for personal, family, or household purposes; and (B) Arises from an extension of credit, or commitment to extend credit, in an aggregate amount not exceeding forty thousand dollars, or is secured by personal property used or expected to be used as a principal dwelling. "Consumer obligor" means an obligor who is an individual and who incurred a consumer obligation. (26) "Consumer transaction" means a transaction in which (i) an individual incurs a consumer obligation, (ii) a security interest secures the obligation, and (iii) the collateral is held or acquired primarily for personal, family, or household purposes. The term includes consumer-goods transactions. (27) "Continuation statement" means an amendment of a financing statement which: (A) Identifies, by its file number, the initial financing statement to which it relates; and (B) Indicates that it is a continuation statement for, or that it is filed to continue the effectiveness of, the identified financing statement. (27A) "Controllable account" means an account evidenced by a controllable electronic record that provides that the account debtor undertakes to pay the person that has control under RCW 62A.12-105 of the controllable electronic record. (27B) "Controllable payment intangible" means a payment intangible evidenced by a controllable electronic record that provides that the account debtor undertakes to pay the person that has control under RCW 62A.12-105 of the controllable electronic record. (28) "Debtor" means: (A) A person having an interest, other than a security interest or other lien, in the collateral, whether or not the person is an obligor; (B) A seller of accounts, chattel paper, payment intangibles, or promissory notes; or (C) A consignee. (29) "Deposit account" means a demand, time, savings, passbook, or similar account maintained with a bank. The term does not include investment property or accounts evidenced by an instrument. (30) "Document" means a document of title or a receipt of the type described in RCW 62A.7-201 (b). (31) [Reserved.] (31A) "Electronic money" means money in an electronic form. (32) "Encumbrance" means a right, other than an ownership interest, in real property. The term includes mortgages and other liens on real property. (33) "Equipment" means goods other than inventory, farm products, or consumer goods. (34) "Farm products" means goods, other than standing timber, with respect to which the debtor is engaged in a farming operation and which are: (A) Crops grown, growing, or to be grown, including: (i) Crops produced on trees, vines, and bushes; and (ii) Aquatic goods produced in aquacultural operations; (B) Livestock, born or unborn, including aquatic goods produced in aquacultural operations; (C) Supplies used or produced in a farming operation; or (D) Products of crops or livestock in their unmanufactured states. (35) "Farming operation" means raising, cultivating, propagating, fattening, grazing, or any other farming, livestock, or aquacultural operation. (36) "File number" means the number assigned to an initial financing statement pursuant to RCW 62A.9A-519 (a). (37) "Filing office" means an office designated in RCW 62A.9A-501 as the place to file a financing statement. (38) "Filing-office rule" means a rule adopted pursuant to RCW 62A.9A-526 . (39) "Financing statement" means a record or records composed of an initial financing statement and any filed record relating to the initial financing statement. (40) "Fixture filing" means the filing of a financing statement covering goods that are or are to become fixtures and satisfying RCW 62A.9A-502 (a) and (b). The term includes the filing of a financing statement covering goods of a transmitting utility which are or are to become fixtures. (41) "Fixtures" means goods that have become so related to particular real property that an interest in them arises under real property law. (42) "General intangible" means any personal property, including things in action, other than accounts, chattel paper, commercial tort claims, deposit accounts, documents, goods, instruments, investment property, letter-of-credit rights, letters of credit, money, and oil, gas, or other minerals before extraction. The term includes controllable electronic records, payment intangibles, and software. (43) [Reserved.] (44) "Goods" means all things that are movable when a security interest attaches. The term includes (i) fixtures, (ii) standing timber that is to be cut and removed under a conveyance or contract for sale, (iii) the unborn young of animals, (iv) crops grown, growing, or to be grown, even if the crops are produced on trees, vines, or bushes, and (v) manufactured homes. The term also includes a computer program embedded in goods and any supporting information provided in connection with a transaction relating to the program if (i) the program is associated with the goods in such a manner that it customarily is considered part of the goods, or (ii) by becoming the owner of the goods, a person acquires a right to use the program in connection with the goods. The term does not include a computer program embedded in goods that consist solely of the medium in which the program is embedded. The term also does not include accounts, chattel paper, commercial tort claims, deposit accounts, documents, general intangibles, instruments, investment property, letter-of-credit rights, letters of credit, money, or oil, gas, or other minerals before extraction or a manufactured home converted to real property under chapter 65.20 RCW. (45) "Governmental unit" means a subdivision, agency, department, county, parish, municipality, or other unit of the government of the United States, a state, or a foreign country. The term includes an organization having a separate corporate existence if the organization is eligible to issue debt on which interest is exempt from income taxation under the laws of the United States. (46) "Health-care-insurance receivable" means an interest in or claim under a policy of insurance which is a right to payment of a monetary obligation for health-care goods or services provided. (47) "Instrument" means a negotiable instrument or any other writing that evidences a right to the payment of a monetary obligation, is not itself a security agreement or lease, and is of a type that in ordinary course of business is transferred by delivery with any necessary indorsement or assignment. The term does not include (i) investment property, (ii) letters of credit, (iii) writings that evidence a right to payment arising out of the use of a credit or charge card or information contained on or for use with the card, (iv) writings that do not contain a promise or order to pay, (v) writings that are expressly nontransferable or nonassignable, or (vi) writings that evidence chattel paper. (48) "Inventory" means goods, other than farm products, which: (A) Are leased by a person as lessor; (B) Are held by a person for sale or lease or to be furnished under a contract of service; (C) Are furnished by a person under a contract of service; or (D) Consist of raw materials, work in process, or materials used or consumed in a business. (49) "Investment property" means a security, whether certificated or uncertificated, security entitlement, securities account, commodity contract, or commodity account. (50) "Jurisdiction of organization," with respect to a registered organization, means the jurisdiction under whose law the organization is formed or organized. (51) "Letter-of-credit right" means a right to payment or performance under a letter of credit, whether or not the beneficiary has demanded or is at the time entitled to demand payment or performance. The term does not include the right of a beneficiary to demand payment or performance under a letter of credit. (52) "Lien creditor" means: (A) A creditor that has acquired a lien on the property involved by attachment, levy, or the like; (B) An assignee for benefit of creditors from the time of assignment; (C) A trustee in bankruptcy from the date of the filing of the petition; or (D) A receiver in equity from the time of appointment. (53) "Manufactured home" means a manufactured home or mobile home as defined in RCW 46.04.302 . (54) [Reserved.] (54A) "Money" has the meaning in RCW 62A.1-201 (b)(24), but does not include (i) a deposit account or (ii) money in an electronic form that cannot be subjected to control under RCW 62A.9A-1051 . (55) "Mortgage" means a consensual interest in real property, including fixtures, which secures payment or performance of an obligation. (56) "New debtor" means a person that becomes bound as debtor under RCW 62A.9A-203 (d) by a security agreement previously entered into by another person. (57) "New value" means (i) money, (ii) money's worth in property, services, or new credit, or (iii) release by a transferee of an interest in property previously transferred to the transferee. The term does not include an obligation substituted for another obligation. (58) "Noncash proceeds" means proceeds other than cash proceeds. (59) "Obligor" means a person that, with respect to an obligation secured by a security interest in or an agricultural lien on the collateral, (i) owes payment or other performance of the obligation, (ii) has provided property other than the collateral to secure payment or other performance of the obligation, or (iii) is otherwise accountable in whole or in part for payment or other performance of the obligation. The term does not include issuers or nominated persons under a letter of credit. (60) "Original debtor", except as used in RCW 62A.9A-310 (c), means a person that, as debtor, entered into a security agreement to which a new debtor has become bound under RCW 62A.9A-203 (d). (61) "Payment intangible" means a general intangible under which the account debtor's principal obligation is a monetary obligation. The term includes a controllable payment intangible. (62) "Person related to," with respect to an individual, means: (A) The spouse or state registered domestic partner of the individual; (B) A brother, brother-in-law, sister, or sister-in-law of the individual; (C) An ancestor or lineal descendant of the individual or the individual's spouse or state registered domestic partner; or (D) Any other relative, by blood or by marriage or other law, of the individual or the individual's spouse or state registered domestic partner who shares the same home with the individual. (63) "Person related to," with respect to an organization, means: (A) A person directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by, or under common control with the organization; (B) An officer or director of, or a person performing similar functions with respect to, the organization; (C) An officer or director of, or a person performing similar functions with respect to, a person described in (63)(A) of this subsection; (D) The spouse or state registered domestic partner of an individual described in (63)(A), (B), or (C) of this subsection; or (E) An individual who is related by blood or by marriage or other law to an individual described in (63)(A), (B), (C), or (D) of this subsection and shares the same home with the individual. (64) "Proceeds", except as used in RCW 62A.9A-609 (b), means the following property: (A) Whatever is acquired upon the sale, lease, license, exchange, or other disposition of collateral; (B) Whatever is collected on, or distributed on account of, collateral; (C) Rights arising out of collateral; (D) To the extent of the value of collateral, claims arising out of the loss, nonconformity, or interference with the use of, defects or infringement of rights in, or damage to, the collateral; or (E) To the extent of the value of collateral and to the extent payable to the debtor or the secured party, insurance payable by reason of the loss or nonconformity of, defects or infringement of rights in, or damage to, the collateral. (65) "Promissory note" means an instrument that evidences a promise to pay a monetary obligation, does not evidence an order to pay, and does not contain an acknowledgment by a bank that the bank has received for deposit a sum of money or funds. (66) "Proposal" means a record signed by a secured party, which includes the terms on which the secured party is willing to accept collateral in full or partial satisfaction of the obligation it secures pursuant to RCW 62A.9A-620 , 62A.9A-621 , and 62A.9A-622 . (67) "Public-finance transaction" means a secured transaction in connection with which: (A) Debt securities are issued; (B) All or a portion of the securities issued have an initial stated maturity of at least twenty years; and (C) The debtor, obligor, secured party, account debtor or other person obligated on collateral, assignor or assignee of a secured obligation, or assignor or assignee of a security interest is a state or a governmental unit of a state. (68) "Public organic record" means a record that is available to the public for inspection and is: (A) A record consisting of the record initially filed with or issued by a state or the United States to form or organize an organization and any record filed with or issued by the state or the United States which amends or restates the initial record; (B) An organic record of a business trust consisting of the record initially filed with a state and any record filed with the state which amends or restates the initial record, if a statute of the state governing business trusts requires that the record be filed with the state; or (C) A record consisting of legislation enacted by the legislature of a state or the congress of the United States which forms or organizes an organization, any record amending the legislation, and any record filed with or issued by the state or the United States which amends or restates the name of the organization. (69) "Pursuant to commitment," with respect to an advance made or other value given by a secured party, means pursuant to the secured party's obligation, whether or not a subsequent event of default or other event not within the secured party's control has relieved or may relieve the secured party from its obligation. (70) "Record," except as used in "for record," "of record," "record or legal title," and "record owner," means information that is inscribed on a tangible medium or which is stored in an electronic or other medium and is retrievable in perceivable form. (71) "Registered organization" means an organization formed or organized solely under the law of a single state or the United States by the filing of a public organic record with, the issuance of a public organic record by, or the enactment of legislation by the state or the United States. The term includes a business trust that is formed or organized under the law of a single state if a statute of the state governing business trusts requires that the business trust's organic record be filed with the state. (72) "Secondary obligor" means an obligor to the extent that: (A) The obligor's obligation is secondary; or (B) The obligor has a right of recourse with respect to an obligation secured by collateral against the debtor, another obligor, or property of either. (73) "Secured party" means: (A) A person in whose favor a security interest is created or provided for under a security agreement, whether or not any obligation to be secured is outstanding; (B) A person that holds an agricultural lien; (C) A consignor; (D) A person to which accounts, chattel paper, payment intangibles, or promissory notes have been sold; (E) A trustee, indenture trustee, agent, collateral agent, or other representative in whose favor a security interest or agricultural lien is created or provided for; or (F) A person that holds a security interest arising under RCW 62A.2-401 , 62A.2-505 , 62A.2-711 (3), 62A.2A-508 (5), 62A.4-210 , or 62A.5-118 . (74) "Security agreement" means an agreement that creates or provides for a security interest. (75) [Reserved.] (76) "Software" means a computer program and any supporting information provided in connection with a transaction relating to the program. The term does not include a computer program that is included in the definition of goods. (77) "State" means a state of the United States, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the United States Virgin Islands, or any territory or insular possession subject to the jurisdiction of the United States. (78) "Supporting obligation" means a letter-of-credit right or secondary obligation that supports the payment or performance of an account, chattel paper, a document, a general intangible, an instrument, or investment property. (79) [Reserved.] (79A) "Tangible money" means money in a tangible form. (80) "Termination statement" means an amendment of a financing statement which: (A) Identifies, by its file number, the initial financing statement to which it relates; and (B) Indicates either that it is a termination statement or that the identified financing statement is no longer effective. (81) "Transmitting utility" means a person primarily engaged in the business of: (A) Operating a railroad, subway, street railway, or trolley bus; (B) Transmitting communications electrically, electromagnetically, or by light; (C) Transmitting goods by pipeline or sewer; or (D) Transmitting or producing and transmitting electricity, steam, gas, or water. (b) Definitions in other articles. "Control" as provided in RCW 62A.7-106 and the following definitions in other articles apply to this Article: "Applicant." RCW 62A.5-102 . "Beneficiary." RCW 62A.5-102 . "Broker." RCW 62A.8-102 . "Certificated security." RCW 62A.8-102 . "Check." RCW 62A.3-104 . "Clearing corporation." RCW 62A.8-102 . "Contract for sale." RCW 62A.2-106 . "Controllable electronic record." RCW 62A.12-102 . "Customer." RCW 62A.4-104 . "Entitlement holder." RCW 62A.8-102 . "Financial asset." RCW 62A.8-102 . "Holder in due course." RCW 62A.3-302 . "Issuer" with respect to documents of title. RCW 62A.7-102 . "Issuer" with respect to a letter of credit or letter-of-credit right. RCW 62A.5-102 . "Issuer" with respect to a security. RCW 62A.8-201 . "Lease." RCW 62A.2A-103 . "Lease agreement." RCW 62A.2A-103 . "Lease contract." RCW 62A.2A-103 . "Leasehold interest." RCW 62A.2A-103 . "Lessee." RCW 62A.2A-103 . "Lessee in ordinary course of business." RCW 62A.2A-103 . "Lessor." RCW 62A.2A-103 . "Lessor's residual interest." RCW 62A.2A-103 . "Letter of credit." RCW 62A.5-102 . "Merchant." RCW 62A.2-104 . "Negotiable instrument." RCW 62A.3-104 . "Nominated person." RCW 62A.5-102 . "Note." RCW 62A.3-104 . "Proceeds of a letter of credit." RCW 62A.5-114 . "Protected purchaser." RCW 62A.8-303 . "Prove." RCW 62A.3-103 . "Qualifying purchaser." RCW 62A.12-102 . "Sale." RCW 62A.2-106 . "Securities account." RCW 62A.8-501 . "Securities intermediary." RCW 62A.8-102 . "Security." RCW 62A.8-102 . "Security certificate." RCW 62A.8-102 . "Security entitlement." RCW 62A.8-102 . "Uncertificated security." RCW 62A.8-102 . (c) Article 1 definitions and principles. Article 1 contains general definitions and principles of construction and interpretation applicable throughout this Article.
RCW 62A.2-716 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 2 / Section 2-716
RCW 62A.2-716: Buyer's right to specific performance or replevin.
Status: in_force

(1) Specific performance may be decreed where the goods are unique or in other proper circumstances. (2) The decree for specific performance may include such terms and conditions as to payment of the price, damages, or other relief as the court may deem just. (3) The buyer has a right of replevin for goods identified to the contract if after reasonable effort he or she is unable to effect cover for such goods or the circumstances reasonably indicate that such effort will be unavailing or if the goods have been shipped under reservation and satisfaction of the security interest in them has been made or tendered. In the case of goods bought for personal, family, or household purposes, the buyer's right of replevin vests upon acquisition of a special property, even if the seller had not then repudiated or failed to deliver.
RCW 62A.2-718 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 2 / Section 2-718
RCW 62A.2-718: Liquidation or limitation of damages; deposits.
Status: in_force

(1) Damages for breach by either party may be liquidated in the agreement but only at an amount which is reasonable in the light of the anticipated or actual harm caused by the breach, the difficulties of proof of loss, and the inconvenience or nonfeasibility of otherwise obtaining an adequate remedy. A term fixing unreasonably large liquidated damages is void as a penalty. (2) Where the seller justifiably withholds delivery of goods because of the buyer's breach, the buyer is entitled to restitution of any amount by which the sum of his or her payments exceeds: (a) The amount to which the seller is entitled by virtue of terms liquidating the seller's damages in accordance with subsection (1) of this section, or (b) In the absence of such terms, twenty per cent of the value of the total performance for which the buyer is obligated under the contract or five hundred dollars, whichever is smaller. (3) The buyer's right to restitution under subsection (2) of this section is subject to offset to the extent that the seller establishes: (a) A right to recover damages under the provisions of this Article other than subsection (1) of this section, and (b) The amount or value of any benefits received by the buyer directly or indirectly by reason of the contract. (4) Where a seller has received payment in goods, their reasonable value or the proceeds of their resale shall be treated as payments for the purposes of subsection (2) of this section; but if the seller has notice of the buyer's breach before reselling goods received in part performance, his or her resale is subject to the conditions laid down in this Article on resale by an aggrieved seller (RCW 62A.2-706 ).
RCW 62A.2A-212 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 2A / Section 2A-212
RCW 62A.2A-212: Implied warranty of merchantability.
Status: in_force

(1) Except in a finance lease, a warranty that the goods will be merchantable is implied in a lease contract if the lessor is a merchant with respect to goods of that kind. (2) Goods to be merchantable must be at least such as: (a) Pass without objection in the trade under the description in the lease agreement; (b) In the case of fungible goods, are of fair average quality within the description; (c) Are fit for the ordinary purposes for which goods of that type are used; (d) Run, within the variation permitted by the lease agreement, of even kind, quality, and quantity within each unit and among all units involved; (e) Are adequately contained, packaged, and labeled as the lease agreement may require; and (f) Conform to any promises or affirmations of fact made on the container or label. (3) Other implied warranties may arise from course of dealing or usage of trade.
RCW 62A.9A-401 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 9A / Section 9A-401
RCW 62A.9A-401: Alienability of debtor's rights.
Status: in_force

(a) Other law governs alienability; exceptions. Except as otherwise provided in subsection (b) of this section and RCW 62A.9A-406 , 62A.9A-407 , 62A.9A-408 , and 62A.9A-409 , whether a debtor's rights in collateral may be voluntarily or involuntarily transferred is governed by law other than this Article. (b) Agreement does not prevent transfer. An agreement between the debtor and secured party which prohibits a transfer of the debtor's rights in collateral or makes the transfer a default does not prevent the transfer from taking effect.
RCW 62A.2A-517 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 2A / Section 2A-517
RCW 62A.2A-517: Revocation of acceptance of goods.
Status: in_force

(1) A lessee may revoke acceptance of a lot or commercial unit whose nonconformity substantially impairs its value to the lessee if the lessee has accepted it: (a) Except in the case of a finance lease, on the reasonable assumption that its nonconformity would be cured and it has not been seasonably cured; or (b) Without discovery of the nonconformity if the lessee's acceptance was reasonably induced either by the lessor's assurances or, except in the case of a finance lease, by the difficulty of discovery before acceptance. (2) Except in the case of a finance lease, a lessee may revoke acceptance of a lot or commercial unit if the lessor defaults under the lease contract and the default substantially impairs the value of that lot or commercial unit to the lessee. (3) If the lease agreement so provides, the lessee may revoke acceptance of a lot or commercial unit because of other defaults by the lessor. (4) Revocation of acceptance must occur within a reasonable time after the lessee discovers or should have discovered the ground for it and before any substantial change in condition of the goods which is not caused by the nonconformity. Revocation is not effective until the lessee notifies the lessor. (5) A lessee who so revokes has the same rights and duties with regard to the goods involved as if the lessee had rejected them.
RCW 62A.9A-3061 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 9A / Section 9A-3061
RCW 62A.9A-3061: Law governing perfection and priority of security interests in chattel paper.
Status: in_force

(a) Chattel paper evidenced by authoritative electronic copy. Except as provided in subsection (d) of this section, if chattel paper is evidenced only by an authoritative electronic copy of the chattel paper or is evidenced by an authoritative electronic copy and an authoritative tangible copy, the local law of the chattel paper's jurisdiction governs perfection, the effect of perfection or nonperfection, and the priority of a security interest in the chattel paper, even if the transaction does not bear any relation to the chattel paper's jurisdiction. (b) Chattel paper's jurisdiction. The following rules determine the chattel paper's jurisdiction under this section: (1) If the authoritative electronic copy of the record evidencing chattel paper, or a record attached to or logically associated with the electronic copy and readily available for review, expressly provides that a particular jurisdiction is the chattel paper's jurisdiction for purposes of this part, this Article, or this title, that jurisdiction is the chattel paper's jurisdiction. (2) If (1) of this subsection does not apply and the rules of the system in which the authoritative electronic copy is recorded are readily available for review and expressly provide that a particular jurisdiction is the chattel paper's jurisdiction for purposes of this part, this Article, or this title, that jurisdiction is the chattel paper's jurisdiction. (3) If (1) and (2) of this subsection do not apply and the authoritative electronic copy, or a record attached to or logically associated with the electronic copy and readily available for review, expressly provides that the chattel paper is governed by the law of a particular jurisdiction, that jurisdiction is the chattel paper's jurisdiction. (4) If (1), (2), and (3) of this subsection do not apply and the rules of the system in which the authoritative electronic copy is recorded are readily available for review and expressly provide that the chattel paper or the system is governed by the law of a particular jurisdiction, that jurisdiction is the chattel paper's jurisdiction. (5) If (1) through (4) of this subsection do not apply, the chattel paper's jurisdiction is the jurisdiction in which the debtor is located. (c) Chattel paper evidenced by authoritative tangible copy. If an authoritative tangible copy of a record evidences chattel paper and the chattel paper is not evidenced by an authoritative electronic copy, while the authoritative tangible copy of the record evidencing chattel paper is located in a jurisdiction, the local law of that jurisdiction governs: (1) Perfection of a security interest in the chattel paper by possession under RCW 62A.9A-3141 ; and (2) The effect of perfection or nonperfection and the priority of a security interest in the chattel paper. (d) When perfection governed by law of jurisdiction where debtor located. The local law of the jurisdiction in which the debtor is located governs perfection of a security interest in chattel paper by filing.
RCW 62A.2-513 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 2 / Section 2-513
RCW 62A.2-513: Buyer's right to inspection of goods.
Status: in_force

(1) Unless otherwise agreed and subject to subsection (3), where goods are tendered or delivered or identified to the contract for sale, the buyer has a right before payment or acceptance to inspect them at any reasonable place and time and in any reasonable manner. When the seller is required or authorized to send the goods to the buyer, the inspection may be after their arrival. (2) Expenses of inspection must be borne by the buyer but may be recovered from the seller if the goods do not conform and are rejected. (3) Unless otherwise agreed and subject to the provisions of this Article on C.I.F. contracts (subsection (3) of RCW 62A.2-321 ), the buyer is not entitled to inspect the goods before payment of the price when the contract provides (a) for delivery "C.O.D." or on other like terms; or (b) for payment against documents of title, except where such payment is due only after the goods are to become available for inspection. (4) A place or method of inspection fixed by the parties is presumed to be exclusive but unless otherwise expressly agreed it does not postpone identification or shift the place for delivery or for passing the risk of loss. If compliance becomes impossible, inspection shall be as provided in this section unless the place or method fixed was clearly intended as an indispensable condition failure of which avoids the contract.
RCW 62A.4-108 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 4 / Section 4-108
RCW 62A.4-108: Time of receipt of items.
Status: in_force

(a) For the purpose of allowing time to process items, prove balances, and make the necessary entries on its books to determine its position for the day, a bank may fix an afternoon hour of two P.M. or later as a cut-off hour for the handling of money and items and the making of entries on its books. (b) An item or deposit of money received on any day after a cut-off hour so fixed or after the close of the banking day may be treated as being received at the opening of the next banking day.
RCW 62A.9A-331 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 9A / Section 9A-331
RCW 62A.9A-331: Priority of rights of purchasers of controllable accounts, controllable electronic records, controllable payment intangibles, documents, instruments, and securities under other articles; priority of interests in financial assets and security entitlements and protection against assertions of claim under Articles 8 and 12.
Status: in_force

(a) Rights under Articles 3, 7, 8, and 12 not limited. This Article does not limit the rights of a holder in due course of a negotiable instrument, a holder to which a negotiable document of title has been duly negotiated, a protected purchaser of a security, or a qualifying purchaser of a controllable account, controllable electronic record, or controllable payment intangible. These holders or purchasers take priority over an earlier security interest, even if perfected, to the extent provided in Articles 3, 7, 8, and 12. (b) Protection under Articles 8 and 12. This Article does not limit the rights of or impose liability on a person to the extent that the person is protected against the assertion of a claim under Article 8 or 12. (c) Filing not notice. Filing under this Article does not constitute notice of a claim or defense to the holders, or purchasers, or persons described in subsections (a) and (b) of this section.
RCW 62A.7-308 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 7 / Section 7-308
RCW 62A.7-308: Enforcement of carrier's lien.
Status: in_force

(a) A carrier's lien on goods may be enforced by public or private sale of the goods, in bulk or in packages, at any time or place and on any terms that are commercially reasonable, after notifying all persons known to claim an interest in the goods. The notification must include a statement of the amount due, the nature of the proposed sale, and the time and place of any public sale. The fact that a better price could have been obtained by a sale at a different time or in a method different from that selected by the carrier is not of itself sufficient to establish that the sale was not made in a commercially reasonable manner. The carrier sells goods in a commercially reasonable manner if the carrier sells the goods in the usual manner in any recognized market therefor, sells at the price current in that market at the time of the sale, or otherwise sells in conformity with commercially reasonable practices among dealers in the type of goods sold. A sale of more goods than apparently necessary to be offered to ensure satisfaction of the obligation is not commercially reasonable, except in cases covered by the preceding sentence. (b) Before any sale pursuant to this section, any person claiming a right in the goods may pay the amount necessary to satisfy the lien and the reasonable expenses incurred in complying with this section. In that event, the goods may not be sold but must be retained by the carrier, subject to the terms of the bill of lading and this Article. (c) A carrier may buy at any public sale pursuant to this section. (d) A purchaser in good faith of goods sold to enforce a carrier's lien takes the goods free of any rights of persons against which the lien was valid, despite the carrier's noncompliance with this section. (e) A carrier may satisfy its lien from the proceeds of any sale pursuant to this section but shall hold the balance, if any, for delivery on demand to any person to which the carrier would have been bound to deliver the goods. (f) The rights provided by this section are in addition to all other rights allowed by law to a creditor against a debtor. (g) A carrier's lien may be enforced pursuant to either subsection (a) of this section or the procedure set forth in RCW 62A.7-210 (b). (h) A carrier is liable for damages caused by failure to comply with the requirements for sale under this section and, in case of willful violation, is liable for conversion.
RCW 62A.9A-807 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 9A / Section 9A-807
RCW 62A.9A-807: Amendment of preeffective date financing statement.
Status: in_force

(a) "Preeffective date financing statement." For the purposes of this section, "preeffective date financing statement" means a financing statement filed before July 1, 2013. (b) Applicable law. After July 1, 2013, a person may add or delete collateral covered by, continue or terminate the effectiveness of, or otherwise amend the information provided in, a preeffective date financing statement only in accordance with the law of the jurisdiction governing perfection as provided in chapter 62A.9A RCW as of July 1, 2013. However, the effectiveness of a preeffective date financing statement also may be terminated in accordance with the law of the jurisdiction in which the financing statement is filed. (c) Method of amending: General rule. Except as otherwise provided in subsection (d) of this section, if the law of this state governs perfection of a security interest, the information in a preeffective date financing statement may be amended after July 1, 2013, only if: (1) The preeffective date financing statement and an amendment are filed in the office specified in RCW 62A.9A-501 ; (2) An amendment is filed in the office specified in RCW 62A.9A-501 concurrently with, or after the filing in that office of, an initial financing statement that satisfies RCW 62A.9A-806 (c); or (3) An initial financing statement that provides the information as amended and satisfies RCW 62A.9A-806 (c) is filed in the office specified in RCW 62A.9A-501 . (d) Method of amending: Continuation. If the law of this state governs perfection of a security interest, the effectiveness of a preeffective date financing statement may be continued only under RCW 62A.9A-805 (c) or (e) or 62A.9A-806 . (e) Method of amending: Additional termination rule. Whether or not the law of this state governs perfection of a security interest, the effectiveness of a preeffective date financing statement filed in this state may be terminated after July 1, 2013, by filing a termination statement in the office in which the preeffective date financing statement is filed, unless an initial financing statement that satisfies RCW 62A.9A-806 (c) has been filed in the office specified by the law of the jurisdiction governing perfection as provided in chapter 62A.9A RCW as of July 1, 2013, as the office in which to file a financing statement.
RCW 62A.9A-304 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 9A / Section 9A-304
RCW 62A.9A-304: Law governing perfection and priority of security interests in deposit accounts.
Status: in_force

(a) Law of bank's jurisdiction governs. The local law of a bank's jurisdiction governs perfection, the effect of perfection or nonperfection, and the priority of a security interest in a deposit account maintained with that bank even if the transaction does not bear any relation to the bank's jurisdiction. (b) Bank's jurisdiction. The following rules determine a bank's jurisdiction for purposes of this part: (1) If an agreement between the bank and the debtor governing the deposit account expressly provides that a particular jurisdiction is the bank's jurisdiction for purposes of this part, this Article, or the Uniform Commercial Code, that jurisdiction is the bank's jurisdiction. (2) If (1) of this subsection does not apply and an agreement between the bank and its customer governing the deposit account expressly provides that the agreement is governed by the law of a particular jurisdiction, that jurisdiction is the bank's jurisdiction. (3) If neither (1) nor (2) of this subsection applies and an agreement between the bank and its customer governing the deposit account expressly provides that the deposit account is maintained at an office in a particular jurisdiction, that jurisdiction is the bank's jurisdiction. (4) If (1) through (3) of this subsection do not apply, the bank's jurisdiction is the jurisdiction in which the office identified in an account statement as the office serving the customer's account is located. (5) If (1) through (4) of this subsection do not apply, the bank's jurisdiction is the jurisdiction in which the chief executive office of the bank is located.
RCW 62A.2A-107 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 2A / Section 2A-107
RCW 62A.2A-107: Waiver or renunciation of claim or right after default.
Status: in_force

Any claim or right arising out of an alleged default or breach of warranty may be discharged in whole or in part without consideration by a waiver or renunciation in a signed record delivered by the aggrieved party.
RCW 62A.8-204 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 8 / Section 8-204
RCW 62A.8-204: Effect of issuer's restrictions on transfer.
Status: in_force

A restriction on transfer of a security imposed by the issuer, even if otherwise lawful, is ineffective against a person without knowledge of the restriction unless: (1) The security is certificated and the restriction is noted conspicuously on the security certificate; or (2) The security is uncertificated and the registered owner has been notified by the restriction.
RCW 62A.9A-623 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 9A / Section 9A-623
RCW 62A.9A-623: Right to redeem collateral.
Status: in_force

(a) Persons that may redeem. A debtor, any secondary obligor, or any other secured party or lienholder may redeem collateral. (b) Requirements for redemption. To redeem collateral, a person shall tender: (1) Fulfillment of all obligations secured by the collateral; and (2) The reasonable expenses and attorneys' fees described in RCW 62A.9A-615 (a)(1). (c) When redemption may occur. A redemption may occur at any time before a secured party: (1) Has collected collateral under RCW 62A.9A-607 ; (2) Has disposed of collateral or entered into a contract for its disposition under RCW 62A.9A-610 ; or (3) Has accepted collateral in full or partial satisfaction of the obligation it secures under RCW 62A.9A-622 .
RCW 62A.8-206 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 8 / Section 8-206
RCW 62A.8-206: Completion or alteration of security certificate.
Status: in_force

(1) If a security certificate contains the signatures necessary to its issue or transfer but is incomplete in any other respect: (a) Any person may complete it by filling in the blanks as authorized; and (b) Even though the blanks are incorrectly filled in, the security certificate as completed is enforceable by a purchaser who took it for value and without notice of the incorrectness. (2) A complete security certificate that has been improperly altered, even if fraudulently, remains enforceable, but only according to its original terms.
RCW 62A.2A-513 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 2A / Section 2A-513
RCW 62A.2A-513: Cure by lessor of improper tender or delivery; replacement.
Status: in_force

(1) If any tender or delivery by the lessor or the supplier is rejected because nonconforming and the time for performance has not yet expired, the lessor or the supplier may seasonably notify the lessee of the lessor's or the supplier's intention to cure and may then make a conforming delivery within the time provided in the lease contract. (2) If the lessee rejects a nonconforming tender that the lessor or the supplier had reasonable grounds to believe would be acceptable with or without money allowance, the lessor or the supplier may have a further reasonable time to substitute a conforming tender if he or she seasonably notifies the lessee.
RCW 62A.1-107 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 1 / Section 1-107
RCW 62A.1-107: Section captions.
Status: in_force

Section captions are part of this title.
RCW 62A.9A-504 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 9A / Section 9A-504
RCW 62A.9A-504: Indication of collateral.
Status: in_force

A financing statement sufficiently indicates the collateral that it covers if the financing statement provides: (1) A description of the collateral pursuant to RCW 62A.9A-108 ; or (2) An indication that the financing statement covers all assets or all personal property.
RCW 62A.8-505 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 8 / Section 8-505
RCW 62A.8-505: Duty of securities intermediary with respect to payments and distributions.
Status: in_force

(1) A securities intermediary shall take action to obtain a payment or distribution made by the issuer of a financial asset. A securities intermediary satisfies the duty if: (a) The securities intermediary acts with respect to the duty as agreed upon by the entitlement holder and the securities intermediary; or (b) In the absence of agreement, the securities intermediary exercises due care in accordance with reasonable commercial standards to attempt to obtain the payment or distribution. (2) A securities intermediary is obligated to its entitlement holder for a payment or distribution made by the issuer of a financial asset if the payment or distribution is received by the securities intermediary.
RCW 62A.7-302 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 7 / Section 7-302
RCW 62A.7-302: Through bills of lading and similar documents of title.
Status: in_force

(a) The issuer of a through bill of lading, or other document of title embodying an undertaking to be performed in part by a person acting as its agent or by a performing carrier, is liable to any person entitled to recover on the bill or other document for any breach by the other person or the performing carrier of its obligation under the bill or other document. However, to the extent that the bill or other document covers an undertaking to be performed overseas or in territory not contiguous to the continental United States or an undertaking including matters other than transportation, this liability for breach by the other person or the performing carrier may be varied by agreement of the parties. (b) If goods covered by a through bill of lading or other document of title embodying an undertaking to be performed in part by a person other than the issuer are received by that person, the person is subject, with respect to its own performance while the goods are in its possession, to the obligation of the issuer. The person's obligation is discharged by delivery of the goods to another person pursuant to the bill or other document and does not include liability for breach by any other person or by the issuer. (c) The issuer of a through bill of lading or other document of title described in subsection (a) of this section is entitled to recover from the performing carrier, or other person in possession of the goods when the breach of the obligation under the bill or other document occurred: (1) The amount it may be required to pay to any person entitled to recover on the bill or other document for the breach, as may be evidenced by any receipt, judgment, or transcript of judgment; and (2) The amount of any expense reasonably incurred by the issuer in defending any action commenced by any person entitled to recover on the bill or other document for the breach.
RCW 62A.2A-529 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 2A / Section 2A-529
RCW 62A.2A-529: Lessor's action for the rent.
Status: in_force

(1) After default by the lessee under the lease contract of the type described in RCW 62A.2A-523 (1) or (3)(a) or, if agreed, after other default by the lessee, if the lessor complies with subsection (2) of this section, the lessor may recover from the lessee as damages: (a) For goods accepted by the lessee and not repossessed by or tendered to the lessor, and for conforming goods lost or damaged within a commercially reasonable time after risk of loss passes to the lessee (RCW 62A.2A-219 ), (i) accrued and unpaid rent as of the date of entry of judgment in favor of the lessor, (ii) the present value as of the same date of the rent for the then remaining lease term of the lease agreement, and (iii) any incidental damages allowed under RCW 62A.2A-530 , less expenses saved in consequence of the lessee's default; and (b) For goods identified to the lease contract if the lessor is unable after reasonable effort to dispose of them at a reasonable price or the circumstances reasonably indicate that effort will be unavailing, (i) accrued and unpaid rent as of the date of entry of judgment in favor of the lessor, (ii) the present value as of the same date of the rent for the then remaining lease term of the lease agreement, and (iii) any incidental damages allowed under RCW 62A.2A-530 , less expenses saved in consequence of the lessee's default. (2) Except as provided in subsection (3) of this section, the lessor shall hold for the lessee for the remaining lease term of the lease agreement any goods that have been identified to the lease contract and are in the lessor's control. (3) The lessor may dispose of the goods at any time before collection of the judgment for damages obtained pursuant to subsection (1) of this section. If the disposition is before the end of the remaining lease term of the lease agreement, the lessor's recovery against the lessee for damages is governed by RCW 62A.2A-527 or 62A.2A-528 , and the lessor will cause an appropriate credit to be provided against a judgment for damages to the extent that the amount of the judgment exceeds the recovery available pursuant to RCW 62A.2A-527 or 62A.2A-528 . (4) Payment of the judgment for damages obtained pursuant to subsection (1) of this section entitles the lessee to the use and possession of the goods not then disposed of for the remaining lease term of and in accordance with the lease agreement. (5) After default by the lessee under the lease contract of the type described in RCW 62A.2A-523 (1) or (3)(a) or, if agreed, after other default by the lessee, a lessor who is held not entitled to rent under this section must nevertheless be awarded damages for nonacceptance under RCW 62A.2A-527 and 62A.2A-528 .
RCW 62A.9A-1051 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 9A / Section 9A-1051
RCW 62A.9A-1051: Control of electronic money.
Status: in_force

(a) General rule: Control of electronic money. A person has control of electronic money if: (1) The electronic money, a record attached to or logically associated with the electronic money, or a system in which the electronic money is recorded gives the person: (A) Power to avail itself of substantially all the benefit from the electronic money; and (B) Exclusive power, subject to subsection (b) of this section, to: (i) Prevent others from availing themselves of substantially all the benefit from the electronic money; and (ii) Transfer control of the electronic money to another person or cause another person to obtain control of other electronic money as a result of the transfer of the electronic money; and (2) The electronic money, a record attached to or logically associated with the electronic money, or a system in which the electronic money is recorded enables the person readily to identify itself in any way, including by name, identifying number, cryptographic key, office, or account number, as having the powers under (1) of this subsection. (b) Meaning of exclusive. Subject to subsection (c) of this section, a power is exclusive under subsection (a)(1)(B)(i) and (ii) of this section even if: (1) The electronic money, a record attached to or logically associated with the electronic money, or a system in which the electronic money is recorded limits the use of the electronic money or has a protocol programmed to cause a change, including a transfer or loss of control; or (2) The power is shared with another person. (c) When power not shared with another person. A power of a person is not shared with another person under subsection (b)(2) of this section and the person's power is not exclusive if: (1) The person can exercise the power only if the power also is exercised by the other person; and (2) The other person: (A) Can exercise the power without exercise of the power by the person; or (B) Is the transferor to the person of an interest in the electronic money. (d) Presumption of exclusivity of certain powers. If a person has the powers specified in subsection (a)(1)(B)(i) and (ii) of this section, the powers are presumed to be exclusive. (e) Control through another person. A person has control of electronic money if another person, other than the transferor to the person of an interest in the electronic money: (1) Has control of the electronic money and acknowledges that it has control on behalf of the person; or (2) Obtains control of the electronic money after having acknowledged that it will obtain control of the electronic money on behalf of the person.
RCW 62A.7-105 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 7 / Section 7-105
RCW 62A.7-105: Reissuance in alternative medium.
Status: in_force

(a) Upon request of a person entitled under an electronic document of title, the issuer of the electronic document may issue a tangible document of title as a substitute for the electronic document if: (1) The person entitled under the electronic document surrenders control of the document to the issuer; and (2) The tangible document when issued contains a statement that it is issued in substitution for the electronic document. (b) Upon issuance of a tangible document of title in substitution for an electronic document of title in accordance with subsection (a) of this section: (1) The electronic document ceases to have any effect or validity; and (2) The person that procured issuance of the tangible document warrants to all subsequent persons entitled under the tangible document that the warrantor was a person entitled under the electronic document when the warrantor surrendered control of the electronic document to the issuer. (c) Upon request of a person entitled under a tangible document of title, the issuer of the tangible document may issue an electronic document of title as a substitute for the tangible document if: (1) The person entitled under the tangible document surrenders possession of the document to the issuer; and (2) The electronic document when issued contains a statement that it is issued in substitution for the tangible document. (d) Upon issuance of an electronic document of title in substitution for a tangible document of title in accordance with subsection (c) of this section: (1) The tangible document ceases to have any effect or validity; and (2) The person that procured issuance of the electronic document warrants to all subsequent persons entitled under the electronic document that the warrantor was a person entitled under the tangible document when the warrantor surrendered possession of the tangible document to the issuer.
RCW 62A.11-110 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 11 / Section 11-110
RCW 62A.11-110: Effective date—1993 c 230.
Status: in_force

This act shall take effect July 1, 1994.
RCW 62A.9A-510 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 9A / Section 9A-510
RCW 62A.9A-510: Effectiveness of filed record.
Status: in_force

(a) Filed record effective if authorized. A filed record is effective only to the extent that it was filed by a person that may file it under RCW 62A.9A-509 . (b) Authorization by one secured party of record. A record authorized by one secured party of record does not affect the financing statement with respect to another secured party of record. (c) Continuation statement not timely filed. A continuation statement that is not filed within the six-month period prescribed by RCW 62A.9A-515 (d) is ineffective.
RCW 62A.2A-514 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 2A / Section 2A-514
RCW 62A.2A-514: Waiver of lessee's objections.
Status: in_force

(1) In rejecting goods, a lessee's failure to state a particular defect that is ascertainable by reasonable inspection precludes the lessee from relying on the defect to justify rejection or to establish default: (a) If, stated seasonably, the lessor or the supplier could have cured it (RCW 62A.2A-513 ); or (b) Between merchants if the lessor or the supplier after rejection has made a request in writing for a full and final written statement of all defects on which the lessee proposes to rely. (2) A lessee's failure to reserve rights when paying rent or other consideration against documents precludes recovery of the payment for defects apparent in the documents.
RCW 62A.8-108 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 8 / Section 8-108
RCW 62A.8-108: Warranties in direct holding.
Status: in_force

(1) A person who transfers a certificated security to a purchaser for value warrants to the purchaser, and an indorser, if the transfer is by indorsement, warrants to any subsequent purchaser, that: (a) The certificate is genuine and has not been materially altered; (b) The transferor or indorser does not know of any fact that might impair the validity of the security; (c) There is no adverse claim to the security; (d) The transfer does not violate any restriction on transfer; (e) If the transfer is by indorsement, the indorsement is made by an appropriate person, or if the indorsement is by an agent, the agent has actual authority to act on behalf of the appropriate person; and (f) The transfer is otherwise effective and rightful. (2) A person who originates an instruction for registration of transfer of an uncertificated security to a purchaser for value warrants to the purchaser that: (a) The instruction is made by an appropriate person, or if the instruction is by an agent, the agent has actual authority to act on behalf of the appropriate person; (b) The security is valid; (c) There is no adverse claim to the security; and (d) At the time the instruction is presented to the issuer: (i) The purchaser will be entitled to the registration of transfer; (ii) The transfer will be registered by the issuer free from all liens, security interests, restrictions, and claims other than those specified in the instruction; (iii) The transfer will not violate any restriction on transfer; and (iv) The requested transfer will otherwise be effective and rightful. (3) A person who transfers an uncertificated security to a purchaser for value and does not originate an instruction in connection with the transfer warrants that: (a) The uncertificated security is valid; (b) There is no adverse claim to the security; (c) The transfer does not violate any restriction on transfer; and (d) The transfer is otherwise effective and rightful. (4) A person who indorses a security certificate warrants to the issuer that: (a) There is no adverse claim to the security; and (b) The indorsement is effective. (5) A person who originates an instruction for registration of transfer of an uncertificated security warrants to the issuer that: (a) The instruction is effective; and (b) At the time the instruction is presented to the issuer the purchaser will be entitled to the registration of transfer. (6) A person who presents a certificated security for registration of transfer or for payment or exchange warrants to the issuer that the person is entitled to the registration, payment, or exchange, but a purchaser for value and without notice of adverse claims to whom transfer is registered warrants only that the person has no knowledge of any unauthorized signature in a necessary indorsement. (7) If a person acts as agent of another in delivering a certificated security to a purchaser, the identity of the principal was known to the person to whom the certificate was delivered, and the certificate delivered by the agent was received by the agent from the principal or received by the agent from another person at the direction of the principal, the person delivering the security certificate warrants only that the delivering person has authority to act for the principal and does not know of any adverse claim to the certificated security. (8) A secured party who redelivers a security certificate received, or after payment and on order of the debtor delivers the security certificate to another person, makes only the warranties of an agent under subsection (7) of this section. (9) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (7) of this section, a broker acting for a customer makes to the issuer and a purchaser the warranties provided in subsections (1) through (6) of this section. A broker that delivers a security certificate to its customer, or causes its customer to be registered as the owner of an uncertificated security, makes to the customer the warranties provided in subsection (1) or (2) of this section, and has the rights and privileges of a purchaser under this section. The warranties of and in favor of the broker acting as an agent are in addition to applicable warranties given by and in favor of the customer.
RCW 62A.9A-612 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 9A / Section 9A-612
RCW 62A.9A-612: Timeliness of notification before disposition of collateral.
Status: in_force

(a) Reasonable time is question of fact. Except as otherwise provided in subsection (b) of this section, whether a notification is sent within a reasonable time is a question of fact. (b) Ten-day period sufficient in nonconsumer transaction. In a transaction other than a consumer transaction, a notification of disposition sent after default and ten days or more before the earliest time of disposition set forth in the notification is sent within a reasonable time before the disposition.
RCW 62A.2A-106 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 2A / Section 2A-106
RCW 62A.2A-106: Limitation on power of parties to consumer lease to choose applicable law and judicial forum.
Status: in_force

(1) If the law chosen by the parties to a consumer lease is that of a jurisdiction other than a jurisdiction (a) in which the lessee resides at the time the lease agreement becomes enforceable or within thirty days thereafter, (b) in which the goods are to be used, or (c) in which the lessee executes the lease, the choice is not enforceable. (2) If the judicial forum or the forum for dispute resolution chosen by the parties to a consumer lease is a jurisdiction other than a jurisdiction (a) in which the lessee resides at the time the lease agreement becomes enforceable or within thirty days thereafter, (b) in which the goods are to be used, or (c) in which the lease is executed by the lessee, the choice is not enforceable.
RCW 62A.1-305 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 1 / Section 1-305
RCW 62A.1-305: Remedies to be liberally administered.
Status: in_force

(a) The remedies provided by this title must be liberally administered to the end that the aggrieved party may be put in as good a position as if the other party had fully performed but neither consequential or special damages nor penal damages may be had except as specifically provided in this title or by other rule of law. (b) Any right or obligation declared by this title is enforceable by action unless the provision declaring it specifies a different and limited effect.
RCW 62A.3-103 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 3 / Section 3-103
RCW 62A.3-103: Definitions.
Status: reserved

(a) In this Article: (1) "Acceptor" means a drawee who has accepted a draft. (2) "Drawee" means a person ordered in a draft to make payment. (3) "Drawer" means a person who signs or is identified in a draft as a person ordering payment. (4) [Reserved.] (5) "Maker" means a person who signs or is identified in a note as a person undertaking to pay. (6) "Order" means a written instruction to pay money signed by the person giving the instruction. The instruction may be addressed to any person, including the person giving the instruction, or to one or more persons jointly or in the alternative but not in succession. An authorization to pay is not an order unless the person authorized to pay is also instructed to pay. (7) "Ordinary care" in the case of a person engaged in business means observance of reasonable commercial standards, prevailing in the area in which the person is located, with respect to the business in which the person is engaged. In the case of a bank that takes an instrument for processing for collection or payment by automated means, reasonable commercial standards do not require the bank to examine the instrument if the failure to examine does not violate the bank's prescribed procedures and the bank's procedures do not vary unreasonably from general banking usage not disapproved by this Article or Article 4. (8) "Party" means a party to an instrument. (9) "Promise" means a written undertaking to pay money signed by the person undertaking to pay. An acknowledgment of an obligation by the obligor is not a promise unless the obligor also undertakes to pay the obligation. (10) "Prove" with respect to a fact means to meet the burden of establishing the fact (RCW 62A.1-201 (b)(8)). (11) "Remitter" means a person who purchases an instrument from its issuer if the instrument is payable to an identified person other than the purchaser. (b) Other definitions applying to this Article and the sections in which they appear are: "Acceptance" RCW 62A.3-409 "Accommodated party" RCW 62A.3-419 "Accommodation party" RCW 62A.3-419 "Alteration" RCW 62A.3-407 "Anomalous indorsement" RCW 62A.3-205 "Blank indorsement" RCW 62A.3-205 "Cashier's check" RCW 62A.3-104 "Certificate of deposit" RCW 62A.3-104 "Certified check" RCW 62A.3-409 "Check" RCW 62A.3-104 "Consideration" RCW 62A.3-303 "Draft" RCW 62A.3-104 "Holder in due course" RCW 62A.3-302 "Incomplete instrument" RCW 62A.3-115 "Indorsement" RCW 62A.3-204 "Indorser" RCW 62A.3-204 "Instrument" RCW 62A.3-104 "Issue" RCW 62A.3-105 "Issuer" RCW 62A.3-105 "Negotiable instrument" RCW 62A.3-104 "Negotiation" RCW 62A.3-201 "Note" RCW 62A.3-104 "Payable at a definite time" RCW 62A.3-108 "Payable on demand" RCW 62A.3-108 "Payable to bearer" RCW 62A.3-109 "Payable to order" RCW 62A.3-109 "Payment" RCW 62A.3-602 "Person entitled to enforce" RCW 62A.3-301 "Presentment" RCW 62A.3-501 "Reacquisition" RCW 62A.3-207 "Special indorsement" RCW 62A.3-205 "Teller's check" RCW 62A.3-104 "Transfer of instrument" RCW 62A.3-203 "Traveler's check" RCW 62A.3-104 "Value" RCW 62A.3-303 (c) The following definitions in other articles apply to this Article: "Banking day" RCW 62A.4-104 "Clearinghouse" RCW 62A.4-104 "Collecting bank" RCW 62A.4-105 "Depositary bank" RCW 62A.4-105 "Documentary draft" RCW 62A.4-104 "Intermediary bank" RCW 62A.4-105 "Item" RCW 62A.4-104 "Payor bank" RCW 62A.4-105 "Suspends payments" RCW 62A.4-104 (d) In addition, Article 1 contains general definitions and principles of construction and interpretation applicable throughout this Article.
RCW 62A.9A-704 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 9A / Section 9A-704
RCW 62A.9A-704: Security interest unperfected before effective date.
Status: in_force

A security interest that is enforceable immediately before July 1, 2001, but which would be subordinate to the rights of a person that becomes a lien creditor at that time: (1) Remains an enforceable security interest for one year after July 1, 2001; (2) Remains enforceable thereafter if the security interest becomes enforceable under RCW 62A.9A-203 on or before July 1, 2001, or within one year thereafter; and (3) Becomes perfected: (A) Without further action, on July 1, 2001, if the applicable requirements for perfection under Article 62A.9A RCW are satisfied before or at that time; or (B) When the applicable requirements for perfection are satisfied if the requirements are satisfied after that time.
RCW 62A.4-404 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 4 / Section 4-404
RCW 62A.4-404: Bank not obligated to pay check more than six months old.
Status: in_force

A bank is under no obligation to a customer having a checking account to pay a check, other than a certified check, which is presented more than six months after its date, but it may charge its customer's account for a payment made thereafter in good faith.
RCW 62A.8-209 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 8 / Section 8-209
RCW 62A.8-209: Issuer's lien.
Status: in_force

A lien in favor of an issuer upon a certificated security is valid against a purchaser only if the right of the issuer to the lien is noted conspicuously on the security certificate.
RCW 62A.4A-403 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 4A / Section 4A-403
RCW 62A.4A-403: Payment by sender to receiving bank.
Status: in_force

(a) Payment of the sender's obligation under RCW 62A.4A-402 to pay the receiving bank occurs as follows: (1) If the sender is a bank, payment occurs when the receiving bank receives final settlement of the obligation through a federal reserve bank or through a funds-transfer system. (2) If the sender is a bank and the sender (i) credited an account of the receiving bank with the sender, or (ii) caused an account of the receiving bank in another bank to be credited, payment occurs when the credit is withdrawn or, if not withdrawn, at midnight of the day on which the credit is withdrawable and the receiving bank learns of that fact. (3) If the receiving bank debits an account of the sender with the receiving bank, payment occurs when the debit is made to the extent the debit is covered by a withdrawable credit balance in the account. (b) If the sender and receiving bank are members of a funds-transfer system that nets obligations multilaterally among participants, the receiving bank receives final settlement when settlement is complete in accordance with the rules of the system. The obligation of the sender to pay the amount of a payment order transmitted through the funds-transfer system may be satisfied, to the extent permitted by the rules of the system, by setting off and applying against the sender's obligation the right of the sender to receive payment from the receiving bank of the amount of any other payment order transmitted to the sender by the receiving bank through the funds-transfer system. The aggregate balance of obligations owed by each sender to each receiving bank in the funds-transfer system may be satisfied, to the extent permitted by the rules of the system, by setting off and applying against that balance the aggregate balance of obligations owed to the sender by other members of the system. The aggregate balance is determined after the right of setoff stated in the second sentence of this subsection has been exercised. (c) If two banks transmit payment orders to each other under an agreement that settlement of the obligations of each bank to the other under RCW 62A.4A-402 will be made at the end of the day or other period, the total amount owed with respect to all orders transmitted by one bank shall be set off against the total amount owed with respect to all orders transmitted by the other bank. To the extent of the setoff, each bank has made payment to the other. (d) In a case not covered by subsection (a) of this section, the time when payment of the sender's obligation under RCW 62A.4A-402 (b) or (c) occurs is governed by applicable principles of law that determine when an obligation is satisfied.
RCW 62A.4-102 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 4 / Section 4-102
RCW 62A.4-102: Applicability.
Status: in_force

(a) To the extent that items within this Article are also within Articles 3 and 8, they are subject to those Articles. If there is conflict, this Article governs Article 3, but Article 8 governs this Article. (b) The liability of a bank for action or non-action with respect to an item handled by it for purposes of presentment, payment, or collection is governed by the law of the place where the bank is located. In the case of action or non-action by or at a branch or separate office of a bank, its liability is governed by the law of the place where the branch or separate office is located.
RCW 62A.8-110 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 8 / Section 8-110
RCW 62A.8-110: Applicability; choice of law.
Status: in_force

(1) The local law of the issuer's jurisdiction, as specified in subsection (4) of this section, governs: (a) The validity of a security; (b) The rights and duties of the issuer with respect to registration of transfer; (c) The effectiveness of registration of transfer by the issuer; (d) Whether the issuer owes any duties to an adverse claimant to a security; and (e) Whether an adverse claim can be asserted against a person to whom transfer of a certificated or uncertificated security is registered or a person who obtains control of an uncertificated security. (2) The local law of the securities intermediary's jurisdiction, as specified in subsection (5) of this section, governs: (a) Acquisition of a security entitlement from the securities intermediary; (b) The rights and duties of the securities intermediary and entitlement holder arising out of a security entitlement; (c) Whether the securities intermediary owes any duties to an adverse claimant to a security entitlement; and (d) Whether an adverse claim can be asserted against a person who acquires a security entitlement from the securities intermediary or a person who purchases a security entitlement or interest therein from an entitlement holder. (3) The local law of the jurisdiction in which a security certificate is located at the time of delivery governs whether an adverse claim can be asserted against a person to whom the security certificate is delivered. (4) "Issuer's jurisdiction" means the jurisdiction under which the issuer of the security is organized or, if permitted by the law of that jurisdiction, the law of another jurisdiction specified by the issuer. An issuer organized under the law of this state may specify the law of another jurisdiction as the law governing the matters specified in subsection (1)(b) through (e) of this section. (5) The following rules determine a "securities intermediary's jurisdiction" for purposes of this section: (a) If an agreement between the securities intermediary and its entitlement holder governing the securities account expressly provides that a particular jurisdiction is the securities intermediary's jurisdiction for purposes of this part, this Article, or Article 62A.9A RCW, that jurisdiction is the securities intermediary's jurisdiction. (b) If (a) of this subsection does not apply and an agreement between the securities intermediary and its entitlement holder governing the securities account expressly provides that the agreement is governed by the law of a particular jurisdiction, that jurisdiction is the securities intermediary's jurisdiction. (c) If neither (a) nor (b) of this subsection applies, and an agreement between the securities intermediary and its entitlement holder governing the securities account expressly provides that the securities account is maintained at an office in a particular jurisdiction, that jurisdiction is the securities intermediary's jurisdiction. (d) If (a), (b), and (c) of this subsection do not apply, the securities intermediary's jurisdiction is the jurisdiction in which the office identified in an account statement as the office serving the entitlement holder's account is located. (e) If (a), (b), (c), and (d) of this subsection do not apply, the securities intermediary's jurisdiction is the jurisdiction in which the chief executive office of the securities intermediary is located. (6) A securities intermediary's jurisdiction is not determined by the physical location of certificates representing financial assets, or by the jurisdiction in which is organized the issuer of the financial asset with respect to which an entitlement holder has a security entitlement, or by the location of facilities for data processing or other recordkeeping concerning the account. (7) The local law of the issuer's jurisdiction or the securities intermediary's jurisdiction governs a matter or transaction specified in subsection (1) or (2) of this section even if the matter or transaction does not bear any relation to the jurisdiction.
RCW 62A.7-301 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 7 / Section 7-301
RCW 62A.7-301: Liability for nonreceipt or misdescription; "said to contain"; "shipper's weight, load, and count"; improper handling.
Status: in_force

(a) A consignee of a nonnegotiable bill of lading which has given value in good faith, or a holder to which a negotiable bill has been duly negotiated, relying upon the description of the goods in the bill or upon the date shown in the bill, may recover from the issuer damages caused by the misdating of the bill or the nonreceipt or misdescription of the goods, except to the extent that the bill indicates that the issuer does not know whether any part or all of the goods in fact were received or conform to the description, such as in a case in which the description is in terms of marks or labels or kind, quantity, or condition or the receipt or description is qualified by "contents or condition of contents of packages unknown," "said to contain," "shipper's weight, load, and count," or words of similar import, if that indication is true. (b) If goods are loaded by the issuer of a bill of lading: (1) The issuer shall count the packages of goods if shipped in packages and ascertain the kind and quantity if shipped in bulk; and (2) Words such as "shipper's weight, load, and count," or words of similar import indicating that the description was made by the shipper are ineffective except as to goods concealed in packages. (c) If bulk goods are loaded by a shipper that makes available to the issuer of a bill of lading adequate facilities for weighing those goods, the issuer shall ascertain the kind and quantity within a reasonable time after receiving the shipper's request in a record to do so. In that case, "shipper's weight" or words of similar import are ineffective. (d) The issuer of a bill of lading, by including in the bill the words "shipper's weight, load, and count," or words of similar import, may indicate that the goods were loaded by the shipper, and, if that statement is true, the issuer is not liable for damages caused by the improper loading. However, omission of such words does not imply liability for damages caused by improper loading. (e) A shipper guarantees to an issuer the accuracy at the time of shipment of the description, marks, labels, number, kind, quantity, condition, and weight, as furnished by the shipper, and the shipper shall indemnify the issuer against damage caused by inaccuracies in those particulars. This right of indemnity does not limit the issuer's responsibility or liability under the contract of carriage to any person other than the shipper.
RCW 62A.2A-503 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 2A / Section 2A-503
RCW 62A.2A-503: Modification or impairment of rights and remedies.
Status: in_force

(1) Except as otherwise provided in this Article, the lease agreement may include rights and remedies for default in addition to or in substitution for those provided in this Article and may limit or alter the measure of damages recoverable under this Article. (2) Resort to a remedy provided under this Article or in the lease agreement is optional unless the remedy is expressly agreed to be exclusive. If circumstances cause an exclusive or limited remedy to fail of its essential purpose, or provision for an exclusive remedy is unconscionable, remedy may be had as provided in this Article. (3) Consequential damages may be liquidated under RCW 62A.2A-504 , or may otherwise be limited, altered, or excluded unless the limitation, alteration, or exclusion is unconscionable. Limitation, alteration, or exclusion of consequential damages for injury to the person in the case of consumer goods is prima facie unconscionable but limitation, alteration, or exclusion of damages where the loss is commercial is not prima facie unconscionable. (4) Rights and remedies on default by the lessor or the lessee with respect to any obligation or promise collateral or ancillary to the lease contract are not impaired by this Article.
RCW 62A.2-704 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 2 / Section 2-704
RCW 62A.2-704: Seller's right to identify goods to the contract notwithstanding breach or to salvage unfinished goods.
Status: in_force

(1) An aggrieved seller under the preceding section may: (a) Identify to the contract conforming goods not already identified if at the time he or she learned of the breach they are in his or her possession or control; (b) Treat as the subject of resale goods which have demonstrably been intended for the particular contract even though those goods are unfinished. (2) Where the goods are unfinished, an aggrieved seller may in the exercise of reasonable commercial judgment for the purposes of avoiding loss and of effective realization either complete the manufacture and wholly identify the goods to the contract or cease manufacture and resell for scrap or salvage value or proceed in any other reasonable manner.
RCW 62A.2A-405 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 2A / Section 2A-405
RCW 62A.2A-405: Excused performance.
Status: in_force

Subject to RCW 62A.2A-404 on substituted performance, the following rules apply: (a) Delay in delivery or nondelivery in whole or in part by a lessor or a supplier who complies with subsections (b) and (c) of this section is not a default under the lease contract if performance as agreed has been made impracticable by the occurrence of a contingency the nonoccurrence of which was a basic assumption on which the lease contract was made or by compliance in good faith with any applicable foreign or domestic governmental regulation or order, whether or not the regulation or order later proves to be invalid. (b) If the causes mentioned in subsection (a) of this section affect only part of the lessor's or the supplier's capacity to perform, he or she shall allocate production and deliveries among his or her customers but at his or her option may include regular customers not then under contract for sale or lease as well as his or her own requirements for further manufacture. He or she may so allocate in any manner that is fair and reasonable. (c) The lessor seasonably shall notify the lessee and in the case of a finance lease the supplier seasonably shall notify the lessor and the lessee, if known, that there will be delay or nondelivery and, if allocation is required under subsection (b) of this section, of the estimated quota thus made available for the lessee.
RCW 62A.9A-103 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 9A / Section 9A-103
RCW 62A.9A-103: Purchase-money security interest; application of payments; burden of establishing.
Status: in_force

(a) Definitions. In this section: (1) "Purchase-money collateral" means goods or software that secures a purchase-money obligation incurred with respect to that collateral; and (2) "Purchase-money obligation" means an obligation of an obligor incurred as all or part of the price of the collateral or for value given to enable the debtor to acquire rights in, or the use of, the collateral, if the value is in fact so used. (b) Purchase-money security interest in goods. A security interest in goods is a purchase-money security interest: (1) To the extent that the goods are purchase-money collateral with respect to that security interest; (2) If the security interest is in inventory that is or was purchase-money collateral, also to the extent that the security interest secures a purchase-money obligation incurred with respect to other inventory in which the secured party holds or held a purchase-money security interest; and (3) Also to the extent that the security interest secures a purchase-money obligation incurred with respect to software in which the secured party holds or held a purchase-money security interest. (c) Purchase-money security interest in software. A security interest in software is a purchase-money security interest to the extent that the security interest also secures a purchase-money obligation incurred with respect to goods in which the secured party holds or held a purchase-money security interest if: (1) The debtor acquired its interest in the software in an integrated transaction in which it acquired an interest in the goods; and (2) The debtor acquired its interest in the software for the principal purpose of using the software in the goods. (d) Consignor's inventory purchase-money security interest. The security interest of a consignor in goods that are the subject of a consignment is a purchase-money security interest in inventory. (e) Application of payment in nonconsumer-goods transaction. In a transaction other than a consumer-goods transaction, if the extent to which a security interest is a purchase-money security interest depends on the application of a payment to a particular obligation, the payment must be applied: (1) In accordance with any reasonable method of application to which the parties agree; (2) In the absence of the parties' agreement to a reasonable method, in accordance with any intention of the obligor manifested at or before the time of payment; or (3) In the absence of an agreement to a reasonable method and a timely manifestation of the obligor's intention, in the following order: (A) To obligations that are not secured; and (B) If more than one obligation is secured, to obligations secured by purchase-money security interests in the order in which those obligations were incurred. (f) No loss of status of purchase-money security interest in nonconsumer-goods transaction. In a transaction other than a consumer-goods transaction, a purchase-money security interest does not lose its status as such, even if: (1) The purchase-money collateral also secures an obligation that is not a purchase-money obligation; (2) Collateral that is not purchase-money collateral also secures the purchase-money obligation; or (3) The purchase-money obligation has been renewed, refinanced, consolidated, or restructured. (g) Burden of proof in nonconsumer-goods transaction. In a transaction other than a consumer-goods transaction, a secured party claiming a purchase-money security interest has the burden of establishing the extent to which the security interest is a purchase-money security interest. (h) Nonconsumer-goods transactions; no inference. The limitation of the rules in subsections (e), (f), and (g) of this section to transactions other than consumer-goods transactions is intended to leave to the court the determination of the proper rules in consumer-goods transactions. The court may not infer from that limitation the nature of the proper rule in consumer-goods transactions and may continue to apply established approaches.
RCW 62A.8-105 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 8 / Section 8-105
RCW 62A.8-105: Notice of adverse claim.
Status: in_force

(1) A person has notice of an adverse claim if: (a) The person knows of the adverse claim; (b) The person is aware of facts sufficient to indicate that there is a significant probability that the adverse claim exists and deliberately avoids information that would establish the existence of the adverse claim; or (c) The person has a duty, imposed by statute or regulation, to investigate whether an adverse claim exists, and the investigation so required would establish the existence of the adverse claim. (2) Having knowledge that a financial asset or interest therein is or has been transferred by a representative imposes no duty of inquiry into the rightfulness of a transaction and is not notice of an adverse claim. However, a person who knows that a representative has transferred a financial asset or interest therein in a transaction that is, or whose proceeds are being used, for the individual benefit of the representative or otherwise in breach of duty has notice of an adverse claim. (3) An act or event that creates a right to immediate performance of the principal obligation represented by a security certificate or sets a date on or after which the certificate is to be presented or surrendered for redemption or exchange does not itself constitute notice of an adverse claim except in the case of a transfer more than: (a) One year after a date set for presentment or surrender for redemption or exchange; or (b) Six months after a date set for payment of money against presentation or surrender of the certificate, if money was available for payment on that date. (4) A purchaser of a certificated security has notice of an adverse claim if the security certificate: (a) Whether in bearer or registered form, has been indorsed "for collection" or "for surrender" or for some other purpose not involving transfer; or (b) Is in bearer form and has on it an unambiguous statement that it is the property of a person other than the transferor, but the mere writing of a name on the certificate is not such a statement. (5) Filing of a financing statement under *Article 9 is not notice of an adverse claim to a financial asset.
RCW 62A.1-206 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 1 / Section 1-206
RCW 62A.1-206: Presumptions.
Status: in_force

Whenever this title creates a "presumption" with respect to a fact, or provides that a fact is "presumed," the trier of fact must find the existence of the fact unless and until evidence is introduced that supports a finding of its nonexistence.
RCW 62A.8-111 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 8 / Section 8-111
RCW 62A.8-111: Clearing corporation rules.
Status: in_force

A rule adopted by a clearing corporation governing rights and obligations among the clearing corporation and its participants in the clearing corporation is effective even if the rule conflicts with this Title and affects another party who does not consent to the rule.
RCW 62A.9A-522 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 9A / Section 9A-522
RCW 62A.9A-522: Maintenance and destruction of records.
Status: in_force

(a) Post-lapse maintenance and retrieval of information. The filing office shall maintain a record of the information provided in a filed financing statement for at least one year after the effectiveness of the financing statement has lapsed under RCW 62A.9A-515 with respect to all secured parties of record. The record must be retrievable by using the name of the debtor and by using the file number assigned to the initial financing statement to which the record relates. (b) Destruction of written records. Except to the extent that a statute governing disposition of public records provides otherwise, the filing office immediately may destroy any written record evidencing a financing statement. However, if the filing office destroys a written record, it shall maintain another record of the financing statement which complies with subsection (a) of this section.
RCW 62A.12-101 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 12 / Section 12-101
RCW 62A.12-101: Short title.
Status: in_force

This Article may be cited as uniform commercial code—controllable electronic records.
RCW 62A.9A-602 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 9A / Section 9A-602
RCW 62A.9A-602: Waiver and variance of rights and duties.
Status: reserved

Except as otherwise provided in RCW 62A.9A-624 , to the extent that they give rights to an obligor (other than a secondary obligor) or a debtor and impose duties on a secured party, the debtor or obligor may not waive or vary the rules stated in the following listed sections: (1) RCW 62A.9A-207 (b)(4)(C), which deals with use and operation of the collateral by the secured party; (2) RCW 62A.9A-210 , which deals with requests for an accounting and requests concerning a list of collateral and statement of account; (3) RCW 62A.9A-607 (c), which deals with collection and enforcement of collateral; (4) RCW 62A.9A-608 (a) and 62A.9A-615 (c) to the extent that they deal with application or payment of noncash proceeds of collection, enforcement, or disposition; (5) RCW 62A.9A-608 (a) and 62A.9A-615 (d) to the extent that they require accounting for or payment of surplus proceeds of collateral; (6) RCW 62A.9A-609 to the extent that it imposes upon a secured party that takes possession of collateral without judicial process the duty to do so without breach of the peace; (7) RCW 62A.9A-610 (b), 62A.9A-611 , 62A.9A-613 , and 62A.9A-614 , which deal with disposition of collateral; (8) [Reserved] (9) RCW 62A.9A-616 , which deals with explanation of the calculation of a surplus or deficiency; (10) RCW 62A.9A-620 , 62A.9A-621 , and 62A.9A-622 , which deal with acceptance of collateral in satisfaction of obligation; (11) RCW 62A.9A-623 , which deals with redemption of collateral; (12) RCW 62A.9A-624 , which deals with permissible waivers; and (13) RCW 62A.9A-625 and 62A.9A-626 , which deal with the secured party's liability for failure to comply with this Article.
RCW 62A.2-204 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 2 / Section 2-204
RCW 62A.2-204: Formation in general.
Status: in_force

(1) A contract for sale of goods may be made in any manner sufficient to show agreement, including conduct by both parties which recognizes the existence of such a contract. (2) An agreement sufficient to constitute a contract for sale may be found even though the moment of its making is undetermined. (3) Even though one or more terms are left open a contract for sale does not fail for indefiniteness if the parties have intended to make a contract and there is a reasonably certain basis for giving an appropriate remedy.
RCW 62A.2-206 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 2 / Section 2-206
RCW 62A.2-206: Offer and acceptance in formation of contract.
Status: in_force

(1) Unless otherwise unambiguously indicated by the language or circumstances (a) an offer to make a contract shall be construed as inviting acceptance in any manner and by any medium reasonable in the circumstances; (b) an order or other offer to buy goods for prompt or current shipment shall be construed as inviting acceptance either by a prompt promise to ship or by the prompt or current shipment of conforming or non-conforming goods, but such a shipment of non-conforming goods does not constitute an acceptance if the seller seasonably notifies the buyer that the shipment is offered only as an accommodation to the buyer. (2) Where the beginning of a requested performance is a reasonable mode of acceptance an offeror who is not notified of acceptance within a reasonable time may treat the offer as having lapsed before acceptance.
RCW 62A.3-407 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 3 / Section 3-407
RCW 62A.3-407: Alteration.
Status: in_force

(a) "Alteration" means (i) an unauthorized change in an instrument that purports to modify in any respect the obligation of a party, or (ii) an unauthorized addition of words or numbers or other change to an incomplete instrument relating to the obligation of a party. (b) Except as provided in subsection (c), an alteration fraudulently made discharges a party whose obligation is affected by the alteration unless that party assents or is precluded from asserting the alteration. No other alteration discharges a party, and the instrument may be enforced according to its original terms. (c) A payor bank or drawee paying a fraudulently altered instrument or a person taking it for value, in good faith and without notice of the alteration, may enforce rights with respect to the instrument (i) according to its original terms, or (ii) in the case of an incomplete instrument altered by unauthorized completion, according to its terms as completed.
RCW 62A.2A-208 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 2A / Section 2A-208
RCW 62A.2A-208: Modification, rescission, and waiver.
Status: in_force

(1) An agreement modifying a lease contract needs no consideration to be binding. (2) A signed lease agreement that excludes modification or rescission except by a signed record may not be otherwise modified or rescinded, but, except as between merchants, such a requirement on a form supplied by a merchant must be separately signed by the other party. (3) Although an attempt at modification or rescission does not satisfy the requirements of subsection (2) of this section, it may operate as a waiver. (4) A party who has made a waiver affecting an executory portion of a lease contract may retract the waiver by reasonable notification received by the other party that strict performance will be required of any term waived, unless the retraction would be unjust in view of a material change of position in reliance on the waiver.
RCW 62A.7-202 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 7 / Section 7-202
RCW 62A.7-202: Form of warehouse receipt; effect of omission.
Status: in_force

(a) A warehouse receipt need not be in any particular form. (b) Unless a warehouse receipt provides for each of the following, the warehouse is liable for damages caused to a person injured by its omission: (1) A statement of the location of the warehouse facility where the goods are stored; (2) The date of issue of the receipt; (3) The unique identification code of the receipt; (4) A statement whether the goods received will be delivered to the bearer, to a named person, or to a named person or its order; (5) The rate of storage and handling charges, unless goods are stored under a field warehousing arrangement, in which case a statement of that fact is sufficient on a nonnegotiable receipt; (6) A description of the goods or the packages containing them; (7) The signature of the warehouse or its agent; (8) If the receipt is issued for goods that the warehouse owns, either solely, jointly, or in common with others, a statement of the fact of that ownership; and (9) A statement of the amount of advances made and of liabilities incurred for which the warehouse claims a lien or security interest, unless the precise amount of advances made or liabilities incurred, at the time of the issue of the receipt, is unknown to the warehouse or to its agent that issued the receipt, in which case a statement of the fact that advances have been made or liabilities incurred and the purpose of the advances or liabilities is sufficient. (c) A warehouse may insert in its receipt any terms that are not contrary to the provisions of this title and do not impair its obligation of delivery under RCW 62A.7-403 or its duty of care under RCW 62A.7-204 . Any contrary provision is ineffective.
RCW 62A.2-602 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 2 / Section 2-602
RCW 62A.2-602: Manner and effect of rightful rejection.
Status: in_force

(1) Rejection of goods must be within a reasonable time after their delivery or tender. It is ineffective unless the buyer seasonably notifies the seller. (2) Subject to the provisions of the two following sections on rejected goods (RCW 62A.2-603 and RCW 62A.2-604 ): (a) After rejection, any exercise of ownership by the buyer with respect to any commercial unit is wrongful as against the seller; and (b) If the buyer has before rejection taken physical possession of goods in which he or she does not have a security interest under the provisions of this Article (RCW 62A.2-711 (3)), he or she is under a duty after rejection to hold them with reasonable care at the seller's disposition for a time sufficient to permit the seller to remove them; but (c) The buyer has no further obligations with regard to goods rightfully rejected. (3) The seller's rights with respect to goods wrongfully rejected are governed by the provisions of this Article on seller's remedies in general (RCW 62A.2-703 ).
RCW 62A.2-103 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 2 / Section 2-103
RCW 62A.2-103: Definitions and index of definitions.
Status: reserved

(1) In this Article unless the context otherwise requires: (a) "Buyer" means a person who buys or contracts to buy goods. (b) [Reserved.] (c) "Receipt" of goods means taking physical possession of them. (d) "Seller" means a person who sells or contracts to sell goods. (2) Other definitions applying to this Article or to specified Parts thereof, and the sections in which they appear are: "Acceptance." RCW 62A.2-606 . "Banker's credit." RCW 62A.2-325 . "Between merchants." RCW 62A.2-104 . "Cancellation." RCW 62A.2-106 (4). "Commercial unit." RCW 62A.2-105 . "Confirmed credit." RCW 62A.2-325 . "Conforming to contract." RCW 62A.2-106 . "Contract for sale." RCW 62A.2-106 . "Cover." RCW 62A.2-712 . "Entrusting." RCW 62A.2-403 . "Financing agency." RCW 62A.2-104 . "Future goods." RCW 62A.2-105 . "Goods." RCW 62A.2-105 . "Identification." RCW 62A.2-501 . "Installment contract." RCW 62A.2-612 . "Letter of credit." RCW 62A.2-325 . "Lot." RCW 62A.2-105 . "Merchant." RCW 62A.2-104 . "Overseas." RCW 62A.2-323 . "Person in position of seller." RCW 62A.2-707 . "Present sale." RCW 62A.2-106 . "Sale." RCW 62A.2-106 . "Sale on approval." RCW 62A.2-326 . "Sale or return." RCW 62A.2-326 . "Termination." RCW 62A.2-106 . (3) "Control" as provided in RCW 62A.7-106 and the following definitions in other articles apply to this Article: "Check." RCW 62A.3-104 . "Consignee." RCW 62A.7-102 . "Consignor." RCW 62A.7-102 . "Consumer goods." RCW 62A.9A-102 . "Dishonor." RCW 62A.3-502 . "Draft." RCW 62A.3-104 . (4) In addition Article 1 contains general definitions and principles of construction and interpretation applicable throughout this Article.
RCW 62A.9A-609 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 9A / Section 9A-609
RCW 62A.9A-609: Secured party's right to take possession after default.
Status: in_force

(a) Possession; rendering equipment unusable; disposition on debtor's premises. After default, a secured party: (1) May take possession of the collateral; and (2) Without removal, may render equipment unusable and dispose of collateral on a debtor's premises under RCW 62A.9A-610 . (b) Judicial and nonjudicial process. A secured party may proceed under subsection (a) of this section: (1) Pursuant to judicial process; or (2) Without judicial process, if it proceeds without breach of the peace. (c) Assembly of collateral. If so agreed, and in any event after default, a secured party may require the debtor to assemble the collateral and make it available to the secured party at a place to be designated by the secured party which is reasonably convenient to both parties.
RCW 62A.9A-312 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 9A / Section 9A-312
RCW 62A.9A-312: Perfection of security interests in chattel paper, controllable accounts, controllable electronic records, controllable payment intangibles, deposit accounts, negotiable documents, goods covered by documents, instruments, investment property, letter-of-credit rights, and money; perfection by permissive filing; temporary perfection without filing or transfer of possession.
Status: in_force

(a) Perfection by filing permitted. A security interest in chattel paper, controllable accounts, controllable electronic records, controllable payment intangibles, instruments, investment property, or negotiable documents may be perfected by filing. (b) Control or possession of certain collateral. Except as otherwise provided in RCW 62A.9A-315 (c) and (d) for proceeds: (1) A security interest in a deposit account may be perfected only by control under RCW 62A.9A-314 ; (2) And except as otherwise provided in RCW 62A.9A-308 (d), a security interest in a letter-of-credit right may be perfected only by control under RCW 62A.9A-314 ; (3) A security interest in tangible money may be perfected only by the secured party's taking possession under RCW 62A.9A-313 ; and (4) A security interest in electronic money may be perfected only by control under RCW 62A.9A-314 . (c) Goods covered by negotiable document. While goods are in the possession of a bailee that has issued a negotiable document covering the goods: (1) A security interest in the goods may be perfected by perfecting a security interest in the document; and (2) A security interest perfected in the document has priority over any security interest that becomes perfected in the goods by another method during that time. (d) Goods covered by nonnegotiable document. While goods are in the possession of a bailee that has issued a nonnegotiable document covering the goods, a security interest in the goods may be perfected by: (1) Issuance of a document in the name of the secured party; (2) The bailee's receipt of notification of the secured party's interest; or (3) Filing as to the goods. (e) Temporary perfection: New value. A security interest in certificated securities, negotiable documents, or instruments is perfected without filing or the taking of possession or control for a period of twenty days from the time it attaches to the extent that it arises for new value given under a signed security agreement. (f) Temporary perfection: Goods or documents made available to debtor. A perfected security interest in a negotiable document or goods in possession of a bailee, other than one that has issued a negotiable document for the goods, remains perfected for twenty days without filing if the secured party makes available to the debtor the goods or documents representing the goods for the purpose of: (1) Ultimate sale or exchange; or (2) Loading, unloading, storing, shipping, transshipping, manufacturing, processing, or otherwise dealing with them in a manner preliminary to their sale or exchange. (g) Temporary perfection: Delivery of security certificate or instrument to debtor. A perfected security interest in a certificated security or instrument remains perfected for twenty days without filing if the secured party delivers the security certificate or instrument to the debtor for the purpose of: (1) Ultimate sale or exchange; or (2) Presentation, collection, enforcement, renewal, or registration of transfer. (h) Expiration of temporary perfection. After the twenty-day period specified in subsection (e), (f), or (g) of this section expires, perfection depends upon compliance with this Article.
RCW 62A.8-104 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 8 / Section 8-104
RCW 62A.8-104: Acquisition of security or financial asset or interest therein.
Status: in_force

(1) A person acquires a security or an interest therein, under this Article, if: (a) The person is a purchaser to whom a security is delivered pursuant to RCW 62A.8-301 ; or (b) The person acquires a security entitlement to the security pursuant to RCW 62A.8-501 . (2) A person acquires a financial asset, other than a security, or an interest therein, under this Article, if the person acquires a security entitlement to the financial asset. (3) A person who acquires a security entitlement to a security or other financial asset has the rights specified in Part 5 of this Article, but is a purchaser of any security, security entitlement, or other financial asset held by the securities intermediary only to the extent provided in RCW 62A.8-503 . (4) Unless the context shows that a different meaning is intended, a person who is required by other law, regulation, rule, or agreement to transfer, deliver, present, surrender, exchange, or otherwise put in the possession of another person a security or financial asset satisfies that requirement by causing the other person to acquire an interest in the security or financial asset pursuant to subsection (1) or (2) of this section.
RCW 62A.4A-212 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 4A / Section 4A-212
RCW 62A.4A-212: Liability and duty of receiving bank regarding unaccepted payment order.
Status: in_force

If a receiving bank fails to accept a payment order that it is obliged by express agreement to accept, the bank is liable for breach of the agreement to the extent provided in the agreement or in this Article, but does not otherwise have any duty to accept a payment order or, before acceptance, to take any action, or refrain from taking action, with respect to the order except as provided in this Article or by express agreement. Liability based on acceptance arises only when acceptance occurs as stated in RCW 62A.4A-209 , and liability is limited to that provided in this Article. A receiving bank is not the agent of the sender or beneficiary of the payment order it accepts, or of any other party to the funds transfer, and the bank owes no duty to any party to the funds transfer except as provided in this Article or by express agreement.
RCW 62A.9A-339 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 9A / Section 9A-339
RCW 62A.9A-339: Priority subject to subordination.
Status: in_force

This Article does not preclude subordination by agreement by a person entitled to priority.
RCW 62A.2A-522 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 2A / Section 2A-522
RCW 62A.2A-522: Lessee's right to goods on lessor's insolvency.
Status: in_force

(1) Subject to subsection (2) of this section and even though the goods have not been shipped, a lessee who has paid a part or all of the rent and security for goods identified to a lease contract (RCW 62A.2A-217 ) on making and keeping good a tender of any unpaid portion of the rent and security due under the lease contract may recover the goods identified from the lessor if the lessor becomes insolvent within ten days after receipt of the first installment of rent and security. (2) A lessee acquires the right to recover goods identified to a lease contract only if they conform to the lease contract.
RCW 62A.8-208 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 8 / Section 8-208
RCW 62A.8-208: Effect of signature of authenticating trustee, registrar, or transfer agent.
Status: in_force

(1) A person signing a security certificate as authenticating trustee, registrar, transfer agent, or the like, warrants to a purchaser for value of the certificated security, if the purchaser is without notice of a particular defect, that: (a) The certificate is genuine; (b) The person's own participation in the issue of the security is within the person's capacity and within the scope of the authority received by the person from the issuer; and (c) The person has reasonable grounds to believe that the certificated security is in the form and within the amount the issuer is authorized to issue. (2) Unless otherwise agreed, a person signing under subsection (1) of this section does not assume responsibility for the validity of the security in other respects.
RCW 62A.2-515 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 2 / Section 2-515
RCW 62A.2-515: Preserving evidence of goods in dispute.
Status: in_force

In furtherance of the adjustment of any claim or dispute (a) either party on reasonable notification to the other and for the purpose of ascertaining the facts and preserving evidence has the right to inspect, test and sample the goods including such of them as may be in the possession or control of the other; and (b) the parties may agree to a third party inspection or survey to determine the conformity or condition of the goods and may agree that the findings shall be binding upon them in any subsequent litigation or adjustment.
RCW 62A.9A-205 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 9A / Section 9A-205
RCW 62A.9A-205: Use or disposition of collateral permissible.
Status: in_force

(a) When security interest not invalid or fraudulent. A security interest is not invalid or fraudulent against creditors solely because: (1) The debtor has the right or ability to: (A) Use, commingle, or dispose of all or part of the collateral, including returned or repossessed goods; (B) Collect, compromise, enforce, or otherwise deal with collateral; (C) Accept the return of collateral or make repossessions; or (D) Use, commingle, or dispose of proceeds; or (2) The secured party fails to require the debtor to account for proceeds or replace collateral. (b) Requirements of possession not relaxed. This section does not relax the requirements of possession if attachment, perfection, or enforcement of a security interest depends upon possession of the collateral by the secured party.
RCW 62A.5-116 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 5 / Section 5-116
RCW 62A.5-116: Choice of law and forum.
Status: in_force

(a) The liability of an issuer, nominated person, or adviser for action or omission is governed by the law of the jurisdiction chosen by an agreement in the form of a record signed by the affected parties or by a provision in the person's letter of credit, confirmation, or other undertaking. The jurisdiction whose law is chosen need not bear any relation to the transaction. (b) Unless subsection (a) of this section applies, the liability of an issuer, nominated person, or adviser for action or omission is governed by the law of the jurisdiction in which the person is located. The person is considered to be located at the address indicated in the person's undertaking. If more than one address is indicated, the person is considered to be located at the address from which the person's undertaking was issued. (c) For the purpose of jurisdiction, choice of law, and recognition of interbranch letters of credit, but not enforcement of a judgment, all branches of a bank are considered separate juridical entities and a bank is considered to be located at the place where its relevant branch is considered to be located under this subsection. (d) A branch of a bank is considered to be located at the address indicated in the branch's undertaking. If more than one address is indicated, the branch is considered to be located at the address from which the undertaking was issued. (e) Except as otherwise provided in this subsection, the liability of an issuer, nominated person, or adviser is governed by any rules of custom or practice, such as the Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits, to which the letter of credit, confirmation, or other undertaking is expressly made subject. If (i) this Article would govern the liability of an issuer, nominated person, or adviser under subsection (a) or (b) of this section, (ii) the relevant undertaking incorporates rules of custom or practice, and (iii) there is conflict between this Article and those rules as applied to that undertaking, those rules govern except to the extent of any conflict with the nonvariable provisions specified in RCW 62A.5-103 (c). (f) If there is conflict between this Article and Article 3, 4, 4A, or 9A, this Article governs. (g) The forum for settling disputes arising out of an undertaking within this Article may be chosen in the manner and with the binding effect that governing law may be chosen in accordance with subsection (a) of this section.
RCW 62A.2-613 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 2 / Section 2-613
RCW 62A.2-613: Casualty to identified goods.
Status: in_force

Where the contract requires for its performance goods identified when the contract is made, and the goods suffer casualty without fault of either party before the risk of loss passes to the buyer, or in a proper case under a "no arrival, no sale" term (RCW 62A.2-324 ) then: (a) If the loss is total, the contract is avoided; and (b) If the loss is partial or the goods have so deteriorated as no longer to conform to the contract, the buyer may nevertheless demand inspection and at his or her option either treat the contract as avoided or accept the goods with due allowance from the contract price for the deterioration or the deficiency in quantity but without further right against the seller.
RCW 62A.8-103 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 8 / Section 8-103
RCW 62A.8-103: Rules for determining whether certain obligations and interests are securities or financial assets.
Status: in_force

(1) A share or similar equity interest issued by a corporation, business trust, joint stock company, or similar entity is a security. (2) An "investment company security" is a security. "Investment company security" means a share or similar equity interest issued by an entity that is registered as an investment company under the federal investment company laws, an interest in a unit investment trust that is so registered, or a face-amount certificate issued by a face-amount certificate company that is so registered. Investment company security does not include an insurance policy or endowment policy or annuity contract issued by an insurance company. (3) An interest in a partnership or limited liability company is not a security unless it is dealt in or traded on securities exchanges or in securities markets, its terms expressly provide that it is a security governed by this Article, or it is an investment company security. However, an interest in a partnership or limited liability company is a financial asset if it is held in a securities account. (4) A writing that is a security certificate is governed by this Article and not by Article 3, even though it also meets the requirements of that Article. However, a negotiable instrument governed by Article 3 is a financial asset if it is held in a securities account. (5) An option or similar obligation issued by a clearing corporation to its participants is not a security, but is a financial asset. (6) A commodity contract, as defined in RCW 62A.9A-102 , is not a security or a financial asset. (7) A document of title is not a financial asset unless RCW 62A.8-102 (1)(i)(iii) applies. (8) A controllable account, controllable electronic record, or controllable payment intangible is not a financial asset unless RCW 62A.8-102 (1)(i)(iii) applies.
RCW 62A.3-417 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 3 / Section 3-417
RCW 62A.3-417: Presentment warranties.
Status: in_force

(a) If an unaccepted draft is presented to the drawee for payment or acceptance and the drawee pays or accepts the draft, (i) the person obtaining payment or acceptance, at the time of presentment, and (ii) a previous transferor of the draft, at the time of transfer, warrant to the drawee making payment or accepting the draft in good faith that: (1) The warrantor is, or was, at the time the warrantor transferred the draft, a person entitled to enforce the draft or authorized to obtain payment or acceptance of the draft on behalf of a person entitled to enforce the draft; (2) The draft has not been altered; and (3) The warrantor has no knowledge that the signature of the drawer of the draft is unauthorized. (b) A drawee making payment may recover from any warrantor damages for breach of warranty equal to the amount paid by the drawee less the amount the drawee received or is entitled to receive from the drawer because of the payment. In addition, the drawee is entitled to compensation for expenses and loss of interest resulting from the breach. The right of the drawee to recover damages under this subsection is not affected by any failure of the drawee to exercise ordinary care in making payment. If the drawee accepts the draft, breach of warranty is a defense to the obligation of the acceptor. If the acceptor makes payment with respect to the draft, the acceptor is entitled to recover from any warrantor for breach of warranty the amounts stated in this subsection. (c) If a drawee asserts a claim for breach of warranty under subsection (a) based on an unauthorized indorsement of the draft or an alteration of the draft, the warrantor may defend by proving that the indorsement is effective under RCW 62A.3-404 or 62A.3-405 or the drawer is precluded under RCW 62A.3-406 or 62A.4-406 from asserting against the drawee the unauthorized indorsement or alteration. (d) If (i) a dishonored draft is presented for payment to the drawer or an indorser or (ii) any other instrument is presented for payment to a party obliged to pay the instrument, and (iii) payment is received, the following rules apply: (1) The person obtaining payment and a prior transferor of the instrument warrant to the person making payment in good faith that the warrantor is, or was, at the time the warrantor transferred the instrument, a person entitled to enforce the instrument or authorized to obtain payment on behalf of a person entitled to enforce the instrument. (2) The person making payment may recover from any warrantor for breach of warranty an amount equal to the amount paid plus expenses and loss of interest resulting from the breach. (e) The warranties stated in subsections (a) and (d) cannot be disclaimed with respect to checks. Unless notice of a claim for breach of warranty is given to the warrantor within 30 days after the claimant has reason to know of the breach and the identity of the warrantor, the liability of the warrantor under subsection (b) or (d) is discharged to the extent of any loss caused by the delay in giving notice of the claim. (f) A cause of action for breach of warranty under this section accrues when the claimant has reason to know of the breach.
RCW 62A.2-512 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 2 / Section 2-512
RCW 62A.2-512: Payment by buyer before inspection.
Status: in_force

(1) Where the contract requires payment before inspection non-conformity of the goods does not excuse the buyer from so making payment unless (a) the non-conformity appears without inspection; or (b) despite tender of the required documents the circumstances would justify injunction against honor under the provisions of this Title (RCW 62A.5-109 (b)). (2) Payment pursuant to subsection (1) does not constitute an acceptance of goods or impair the buyer's right to inspect or any of his or her remedies.
RCW 62A.9A-521 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 9A / Section 9A-521
RCW 62A.9A-521: Uniform form of written financing statement and amendment.
Status: in_force

(a) Initial financing statement form. A filing office that accepts written records may not refuse to accept a written initial financing statement in the following form and format except for a reason set forth in RCW 62A.9A-516 (b): UCC FINANCING STATEMENT FOLLOW INSTRUCTIONS A. NAME & PHONE OF CONTACT AT FILER (optional) B. EMAIL CONTACT AT FILER (optional) C. SEND ACKNOWLEDGMENT TO: (Name and Address) THE ABOVE SPACE IS FOR FILING OFFICE USE ONLY 1. DEBTOR'S NAME - provide only one Debtor name (1a or 1b) (use exact, full name; do not omit, modify, or abbreviate any word in the Debtor's name) 1a. ORGANIZATION'S NAME OR 1b. INDIVIDUAL'S SURNAME FIRST PERSONAL NAME ADDITIONAL NAME(S)/INITIAL(S) THAT ARE PART OF THE NAME OF THIS DEBTOR SUFFIX 1c. MAILING ADDRESS CITY STATE POSTAL CODE COUNTRY 2. DEBTOR'S NAME - provide only one Debtor name (2a or 2b) (use exact, full name; do not omit, modify, or abbreviate any word in the Debtor's name) 2a. ORGANIZATION'S NAME OR 2b. INDIVIDUAL'S SURNAME FIRST PERSONAL NAME ADDITIONAL NAME(S)/INITIAL(S) THAT ARE PART OF THE NAME OF THIS DEBTOR SUFFIX 2c. MAILING ADDRESS CITY STATE POSTAL CODE COUNTRY 3. SECURED PARTY'S NAME (or NAME of ASSIGNEE of ASSIGNOR SECURED PARTY) - provide only one secured party name (3a or 3b) 3a. ORGANIZATION'S NAME OR 3b. INDIVIDUAL'S SURNAME FIRST PERSONAL NAME ADDITIONAL NAME(S)/INITIAL(S) SUFFIX 3c. MAILING ADDRESS CITY STATE POSTAL CODE COUNTRY 4. COLLATERAL: This Financing Statement covers the following collateral: 5. Check only if applicable and check only one box: Collateral is □ held in Trust (see Instructions) □ being administered by a Decedent's Personal Representative. 6a. Check only if applicable and check only one box: □ Public-Finance Transaction □ Manufactured-Home Transaction □ A Debtor is a Transmitting Utility 6b. Check only if applicable and check only one box: □ Agricultural Lien □ Non-UCC Filing 7. ALTERNATIVE DESIGNATION (if applicable): □ Lessee/Lessor □ Cosignee/Cosignor □ Seller/Buyer □ Bailee/Bailor □ Licensee/Licensor 8. OPTIONAL FILER REFERENCE DATA [UCC FINANCING STATEMENT (FORM UCC1)] (REV. 09/30/10) UCC FINANCING STATEMENT ADDENDUM FOLLOW INSTRUCTIONS 9. NAME OF FIRST DEBTOR (same as item 1a or 1b on Financing Statement) 9a. ORGANIZATION'S NAME OR 9b. INDIVIDUAL'S SURNAME FIRST PERSONAL NAME ADDITIONAL NAME(S)/INITIAL(S) SUFFIX THE ABOVE SPACE IS FOR FILING OFFICE USE ONLY 10. ADDITIONAL DEBTOR'S NAME - provide only one Debtor name (10a or 10b) (use exact, full name; do not omit, modify, or abbreviate any word in the Debtor's name) 10a. ORGANIZATION'S NAME (exact, full name, without any modifications) OR 10b. INDIVIDUAL'S SURNAME FIRST PERSONAL NAME ADDITIONAL NAME(S)/INITIAL(S) THAT ARE PART OF THE NAME OF THIS DEBTOR SUFFIX 10c. MAILING ADDRESS CITY STATE POSTAL CODE COUNTRY 11. □ ADDITIONAL SECURED PARTY'S NAME or □ ASSIGNOR SECURED PARTY'S NAME - provide only one name (11a or 11b) 11a. ORGANIZATION'S NAME OR 11b. INDIVIDUAL'S SURNAME FIRST PERSONAL NAME ADDITIONAL NAME(S)/INITIAL(S) SUFFIX 11c. MAILING ADDRESS CITY STATE POSTAL CODE COUNTRY 12. ADDITIONAL SPACE FOR ITEM 4 (Collateral) 13. □ This FINANCING STATEMENT is to be filed (for record) (or recorded) in the REAL ESTATE RECORDS (if applicable) 14. This FINANCING STATEMENT: □ covers timber to be cut □ covers as-extracted collateral □ is filed as a fixture filing 15. Name and address of a RECORD OWNER of real estate described in item 16 (if Debtor does not have a record interest) 16. Description of real estate 17. Miscellaneous [UCC FINANCING STATEMENT ADDENDUM (FORM UCC1Ad)] (REV. 09/30/10) (b) Amendment form. A filing office that accepts written records may not refuse to accept a written record in the following form and format except for a reason set forth in RCW 62A.9A-516 (b): UCC FINANCING STATEMENT AMENDMENT FOLLOW INSTRUCTIONS A. NAME & PHONE OF CONTACT AT FILER (optional) B. EMAIL CONTACT AT FILER (optional) C. SEND ACKNOWLEDGMENT TO: (Name and Address) THE ABOVE SPACE IS FOR FILING OFFICE USE ONLY 1a. INITIAL FINANCING STATEMENT FILE NUMBER 1b. This FINANCING STATEMENT AMENDMENT is to be filed (for record) (or recorded) in the REAL ESTATE RECORDS. Filer: attach Amendment Addendum (Form UCC3 Ad) and provide Debtor's name in item 13. 2. □ TERMINATION: Effectiveness of the Financing Statement identified above is terminated with respect to the security interest(s) of Secured Party authorizing this Termination Statement. 3. □ ASSIGNMENT (full or partial): Provide name of Assignee in item 7a or 7b, and address of Assignee in item 7c and name of Assignor in item 9. For partial assignment, complete items 7 and 9 and also indicate affected collateral in item 8. 4. □ CONTINUATION: Effectiveness of the Financing Statement identified above with respect to the security interest(s) of Secured Party authorizing this Continuation Statement is continued for the additional period provided by applicable law. 5. □ PARTY INFORMATION CHANGE: Check one of these two boxes: This Change affects □ Debtor or □ Secured Party of record AND Check one of these three boxes to: □ CHANGE name and/or address: Complete item 6a or 6b; and item 7a or 7b and item 7c. □ ADD name: Complete item 7a or 7b, and item 7c. □ DELETE name: Give record name to be deleted in item 6a or 6b. 6. CURRENT RECORD INFORMATION: Complete for Party Information Change - provide only one name (6a or 6b) (use exact, full name; do not omit, modify, or abbreviate any word in the Debtor's name) 6a. ORGANIZATION'S NAME OR 6b. INDIVIDUAL'S SURNAME FIRST PERSONAL NAME ADDITIONAL NAME(S)/INITIAL(S) SUFFIX 7. CHANGED OR ADDED INFORMATION: Complete for Assignment or Party Information Change - provide only one name (7a or 7b) (use exact full name; do not omit, modify, or abbreviate any word in the Debtor's name) 7a. ORGANIZATION'S NAME OR 7b. INDIVIDUAL'S SURNAME FIRST PERSONAL NAME ADDITIONAL NAME(S)/INITIAL(S) THAT ARE PART OF THE NAME OF THIS DEBTOR SUFFIX 7c. MAILING ADDRESS CITY STATE POSTAL CODE COUNTRY 8. □ COLLATERAL CHANGE: Also check one of these four boxes: □ ADD collateral □ DELETE collateral □ RESTATE covered collateral □ ASSIGN collateral Indicate collateral: 9. NAME OF SECURED PARTY OF RECORD AUTHORIZING THIS AMENDMENT - provide only one name (9a or 9b) (name of assignor, if this is an Assignment). If this is an Amendment authorized by a DEBTOR, check here □ and provide name of authorizing Debtor 9a. ORGANIZATION'S NAME OR 9b. INDIVIDUAL'S SURNAME FIRST PERSONAL NAME ADDITIONAL NAME(S)/INITIAL(S) SUFFIX 10. OPTIONAL FILER REFERENCE DATA [UCC FINANCING STATEMENT AMENDMENT (FORM UCC3)] (REV. 09/30/10) UCC FINANCING STATEMENT AMENDMENT ADDENDUM FOLLOW INSTRUCTIONS 11. INITIAL FINANCING STATEMENT FILE NUMBER (same as item 1a on Amendment form) 12. NAME OF PARTY AUTHORIZING THIS AMENDMENT (same as item 9 on Amendment form) 12a. ORGANIZATION'S NAME OR 12b. INDIVIDUAL'S SURNAME FIRST PERSONAL NAME ADDITIONAL NAME(S)/INITIAL(S) SUFFIX THE ABOVE SPACE IS FOR FILING OFFICE USE ONLY 13. Name of DEBTOR on related financing statement (Name of a current Debtor of record required for indexing purposes only in some filing offices - see Instruction for item 13 - insert only one Debtor name (13a or 13b) (use exact, full name; do not omit, modify, or abbreviate any word in the Debtor's name) 13a. ORGANIZATION'S NAME OR 13b. INDIVIDUAL'S SURNAME FIRST PERSONAL NAME ADDITIONAL NAME(S)/INITIAL(S) SUFFIX 14. ADDITIONAL SPACE FOR ITEM 8 (Collateral) 15. This FINANCING STATEMENT AMENDMENT: □ covers timber to be cut □ covers as-extracted collateral □ is filed as a fixture filing 16. Name and address of a RECORD OWNER of real estate described in item 17 (if Debtor does not have a record interest) 17. Description of real estate 18. MISCELLANEOUS: UCC FINANCING STATEMENT AMENDMENT ADDENDUM (FORM UCC1) (REV. 09/30/10)
RCW 62A.9A-310 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 9A / Section 9A-310
RCW 62A.9A-310: When filing required to perfect security interest or agricultural lien; security interests and agricultural liens to which filing provisions do not apply.
Status: in_force

(a) General rule: Perfection by filing. Except as otherwise provided in subsections (b) and (d) of this section and RCW 62A.9A-312 (b), a financing statement must be filed to perfect all security interests and agricultural liens. (b) Exceptions: Filing not necessary. The filing of a financing statement is not necessary to perfect a security interest: (1) That is perfected under RCW 62A.9A-308 (d), (e), (f), or (g); (2) That is perfected under RCW 62A.9A-309 when it attaches; (3) In property subject to a statute, regulation, or treaty described in RCW 62A.9A-311 (a); (4) In goods in possession of a bailee which is perfected under RCW 62A.9A-312 (d) (1) or (2); (5) In certificated securities, documents, goods, or instruments which is perfected without filing, control, or possession under RCW 62A.9A-312 (e), (f), or (g); (6) In collateral in the secured party's possession under RCW 62A.9A-313 ; (7) In a certificated security which is perfected by delivery of the security certificate to the secured party under RCW 62A.9A-313 ; (8) In controllable accounts, controllable electronic records, controllable payment intangibles, deposit accounts, electronic documents, investment property, or letter-of-credit rights which is perfected by control under RCW 62A.9A-314 ; (8.1) In chattel paper which is perfected by possession and control under RCW 62A.9A-3141 ; (9) In proceeds which is perfected under RCW 62A.9A-315 ; or (10) That is perfected under RCW 62A.9A-316 . (c) Assignment of perfected security interest. If a secured party assigns a perfected security interest or agricultural lien, a filing under this Article is not required to continue the perfected status of the security interest against creditors of and transferees from the original debtor. (d) Further exception: Filing not necessary for handler's lien. The filing of a financing statement is not necessary to perfect the agricultural lien of a handler on orchard crops as provided in RCW 60.11.020 (3).
RCW 62A.2A-502 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 2A / Section 2A-502
RCW 62A.2A-502: Notice after default.
Status: in_force

Except as otherwise provided in this Article or the lease agreement, the lessor or lessee in default under the lease contract is not entitled to notice of default or notice of enforcement from the other party to the lease agreement.
RCW 62A.4-501 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 4 / Section 4-501
RCW 62A.4-501: Handling of documentary drafts; duty to send for presentment and to notify customer of dishonor.
Status: in_force

A bank that takes a documentary draft for collection shall present or send the draft and accompanying documents for presentment and, upon learning that the draft has not been paid or accepted in due course, shall seasonably notify its customer of the fact even though it may have discounted or bought the draft or extended credit available for withdrawal as of right.
RCW 62A.2A-219 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 2A / Section 2A-219
RCW 62A.2A-219: Risk of loss.
Status: in_force

(1) Except in the case of a finance lease, risk of loss is retained by the lessor and does not pass to the lessee. In the case of a finance lease, risk of loss passes to the lessee. (2) Subject to the provisions of this Article on the effect of default on risk of loss (RCW 62A.2A-220 ), if risk of loss is to pass to the lessee and the time of passage is not stated, the following rules apply: (a) If the lease contract requires or authorizes the goods to be shipped by carrier: (i) And it does not require delivery at a particular destination, the risk of loss passes to the lessee when the goods are duly delivered to the carrier; but (ii) If it does require delivery at a particular destination and the goods are there duly tendered while in the possession of the carrier, the risk of loss passes to the lessee when the goods are there duly so tendered as to enable the lessee to take delivery. (b) If the goods are held by a bailee to be delivered without being moved, the risk of loss passes to the lessee on acknowledgment by the bailee of the lessee's right to possession of the goods. (c) In any case not within subsection (2)(a) or (b) of this section, the risk of loss passes to the lessee on the lessee's receipt of the goods if the lessor, or, in the case of a finance lease, the supplier, is a merchant; otherwise the risk passes to the lessee on tender of delivery.
RCW 62A.7-103 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 7 / Section 7-103
RCW 62A.7-103: Relation of Article to treaty or statute.
Status: in_force

(a) This Article is subject to any treaty or statute of the United States or regulatory statute of this state to the extent the treaty, statute, or regulatory statute is applicable. (b) This Article does not modify or repeal any law prescribing the form or content of a document of title or the services or facilities to be afforded by a bailee, or otherwise regulating a bailee's business in respects not specifically treated in this Article. However, violation of such a law does not affect the status of a document of title that otherwise is within the definition of a document of title. (c) Chapter 214, Laws of 2012 modifies, limits, and supersedes the federal electronic signatures in global and national commerce act (15 U.S.C. Sec. 7001, et seq.) but does not modify, limit, or supersede section 101(c) of that act (15 U.S.C. Sec. 7001(c)) or authorize electronic delivery of any of the notices described in section 103(b) of that act (15 U.S.C. Sec. 7003(b)). (d) A person in its capacity as an electronic data storage provider or an electronic data transmitter is not subject to this Article.
RCW 62A.3-203 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 3 / Section 3-203
RCW 62A.3-203: Transfer of instrument; rights acquired by transfer.
Status: in_force

(a) An instrument is transferred when it is delivered by a person other than its issuer for the purpose of giving to the person receiving delivery the right to enforce the instrument. (b) Transfer of an instrument, whether or not the transfer is a negotiation, vests in the transferee any right of the transferor to enforce the instrument, including any right as a holder in due course, but the transferee cannot acquire rights of a holder in due course by a transfer, directly or indirectly, from a holder in due course if the transferee engaged in fraud or illegality affecting the instrument. (c) Unless otherwise agreed, if an instrument is transferred for value and the transferee does not become a holder because of lack of indorsement by the transferor, the transferee has a specifically enforceable right to the unqualified indorsement of the transferor, but negotiation of the instrument does not occur until the indorsement is made. (d) If a transferor purports to transfer less than the entire instrument, negotiation of the instrument does not occur. The transferee obtains no rights under this Article and has only the rights of a partial assignee.
RCW 62A.9A-523 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 9A / Section 9A-523
RCW 62A.9A-523: Information from filing office; sale or license of records.
Status: in_force

(a) Acknowledgment of filing written record. If a person that files a written record requests an acknowledgment of the filing, the filing office shall send to the person an image of the record showing the number assigned to the record pursuant to RCW 62A.9A-519 (a)(1) and the date and time of the filing of the record. However, if the person furnishes a copy of the record to the filing office, the filing office may instead: (1) Note upon the copy the number assigned to the record pursuant to RCW 62A.9A-519 (a)(1) and the date and time of the filing of the record; and (2) Send the copy to the person. (b) Acknowledgment of filing other record. If a person files a record other than a written record, the filing office shall communicate to the person an acknowledgment that provides: (1) The information in the record; (2) The number assigned to the record pursuant to RCW 62A.9A-519 (a)(1); and (3) The date and time of the filing of the record. (c) Communication of requested information. The filing office shall communicate or otherwise make available in a record the following information to any person that requests it: (1) Whether there is on file on a date and time specified by the filing office, but not a date earlier than three business days before the filing office receives the request, any financing statement that: (A) Designates a particular debtor or, if the request so states, designates a particular debtor at the address specified in the request; (B) Has not lapsed under RCW 62A.9A-515 with respect to all secured parties of record; and (C) If the request so states, has lapsed under RCW 62A.9A-515 and a record of which is maintained by the filing office under RCW 62A.9A-522 (a); (2) The date and time of filing of each financing statement; and (3) The information provided in each financing statement. (d) Medium for communicating information. In complying with its duty under subsection (c) of this section, the filing office may communicate information in any medium. However, if requested, the filing office shall communicate information by issuing a record that can be admitted into evidence in the courts of this state without extrinsic evidence of its authenticity. (e) Timeliness of filing office performance. The filing office described in RCW 62A.9A-501 (a)(2) shall perform the acts required by subsections (a) through (d) of this section at the time and in the manner prescribed by filing-office rule, but not later than two business days after the filing office receives the request. (f) Public availability of records. At least weekly, the filing office described in RCW 62A.9A-501 (a)(2) shall offer to sell or license to the public on a nonexclusive basis, in bulk, copies of all records filed in it under this part, in every medium from time to time available to the filing office. If information provided pursuant to this section includes a list of individuals, disclosure of the list is specifically authorized.
RCW 62A.7-307 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 7 / Section 7-307
RCW 62A.7-307: Lien of carrier.
Status: in_force

(a) A carrier has a lien on the goods covered by a bill of lading or on the proceeds thereof in its possession for charges after the date of the carrier's receipt of the goods for storage or transportation, including demurrage and terminal charges, and for expenses necessary for preservation of the goods incident to their transportation or reasonably incurred in their sale pursuant to law. However, against a purchaser for value of a negotiable bill of lading, a carrier's lien is limited to charges stated in the bill or the applicable tariffs or, if no charges are stated, a reasonable charge. (b) A lien for charges and expenses under subsection (a) of this section on goods that the carrier was required by law to receive for transportation is effective against the consignor or any person entitled to the goods unless the carrier had notice that the consignor lacked authority to subject the goods to those charges and expenses. Any other lien under subsection (a) of this section is effective against the consignor and any person that permitted the bailor to have control or possession of the goods unless the carrier had notice that the bailor lacked authority. (c) A carrier loses its lien on any goods that it voluntarily delivers or unjustifiably refuses to deliver.
RCW 62A.2-717 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 2 / Section 2-717
RCW 62A.2-717: Deduction of damages from the price.
Status: in_force

The buyer on notifying the seller of his or her intention to do so may deduct all or any part of the damages resulting from any breach of the contract from any part of the price still due under the same contract.
RCW 62A.3-540 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 3 / Section 3-540
RCW 62A.3-540: Collection agencies—Statutory form for notice of dishonor.
Status: in_force

(1) If a check is assigned or written to a collection agency as defined in RCW 19.16.100 and the collection agency or its agent provides a notice of dishonor, the notice of dishonor may be sent by mail to the drawer at the drawer's last known address. The drawer is presumed to have received the notice of dishonor three days from the date it is mailed. The collection agency may, as an alternative to providing a notice in the form described in RCW 62A.3-520 , provide a notice in substantially the following form: NOTICE OF DISHONOR OF CHECK A check drawn by you and made payable by you to . . . . . . in the amount of . . . . . . has not been accepted for payment by . . . . . ., which is the drawee bank designated on your check. This check is dated . . . . . ., and it is numbered, No. . . . . . .. You are CAUTIONED that unless you pay the amount of this check and a handling fee of . . . . . within thirty-three days after the date this letter is postmarked or personally delivered, you may very well have to pay the following additional amounts: (a) Costs of collecting the amount of the check in the lesser of the check amount or forty dollars; (b) Interest on the amount of the check which shall accrue at the rate of twelve percent per annum from the date of dishonor; and (c) Three hundred dollars or three times the face amount of the check, whichever is less, plus court costs and attorneys' fees, by award of the court in the event of legal action. Note that this caution regarding increased amounts in any possible legal action is advisory only and should not be construed as a representation or implication that legal action is contemplated or intended. You are also CAUTIONED that law enforcement agencies may be provided with a copy of this notice of dishonor and the check drawn by you for the possibility of proceeding with criminal charges if you do not pay the amount of this check within thirty-three days after the date this letter is postmarked. You are advised to make your payment of $. . . . . to . . . . . . at the following address: . . . . . . . . . . (2) The cautionary statement regarding law enforcement in subsection (1) of this section need not be included in a notice of dishonor sent by a collection agency. However, if included and whether or not the collection agency regularly refers dishonored checks to law enforcement, the cautionary statement in subsection (1) of this section shall not be construed as a threat to take any action not intended to be taken or that cannot legally be taken; nor shall it be construed to be harassing, oppressive, or abusive conduct; nor shall it be construed to be a false, deceptive, or misleading representation; nor shall it be construed to be unfair or unconscionable; nor shall it otherwise be construed to violate any law. (3) In addition to sending a notice of dishonor to the drawer of the check under this section, the person sending notice shall execute an affidavit certifying service of the notice by mail. The affidavit of service by mail must be substantially in the following form: AFFIDAVIT OF SERVICE BY MAIL I, . . . . . ., hereby certify that on the . . . . . . day of . . . . . ., 20. . ., a copy of the foregoing Notice was served on . . . . . . by mailing via the United States Postal Service, postage prepaid, at . . . . . ., Washington. Dated:. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (Signature) (4) The person enforcing a check under this section shall file the affidavit and check, or a true copy thereof, with the clerk of the court in which an action on the check is commenced as permitted by court rule or practice.
RCW 62A.3-504 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 3 / Section 3-504
RCW 62A.3-504: Excused presentment and notice of dishonor.
Status: in_force

(a) Presentment for payment or acceptance of an instrument is excused if (i) the person entitled to present the instrument cannot with reasonable diligence make presentment, (ii) the maker or acceptor has repudiated an obligation to pay the instrument or is dead or in insolvency proceedings, (iii) by the terms of the instrument presentment is not necessary to enforce the obligation of indorsers or the drawer, (iv) the drawer or indorser whose obligation is being enforced has waived presentment or otherwise has no reason to expect or right to require that the instrument be paid or accepted, or (v) the drawer instructed the drawee not to pay or accept the draft or the drawee was not obligated to the drawer to pay the draft. (b) Notice of dishonor is excused if (i) by the terms of the instrument notice of dishonor is not necessary to enforce the obligation of a party to pay the instrument, or (ii) the party whose obligation is being enforced waived notice of dishonor. A waiver of presentment is also a waiver of notice of dishonor. (c) Delay in giving notice of dishonor is excused if the delay was caused by circumstances beyond the control of the person giving the notice and the person giving the notice exercised reasonable diligence after the cause of the delay ceased to operate.
RCW 62A.3-312 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 3 / Section 3-312
RCW 62A.3-312: Lost, destroyed, or stolen cashier's check, teller's check, or certified check.
Status: in_force

(a) In this section: (1) "Check" means a cashier's check, teller's check, or certified check. (2) "Claimant" means a person who claims the right to receive the amount of a cashier's check, teller's check, or certified check that was lost, destroyed, or stolen. (3) "Declaration of loss" means a written statement, made under penalty of perjury, to the effect that (i) the declarer lost possession of a check, (ii) the declarer is the drawer or payee of the check, in the case of a certified check, or the remitter or payee of the check, in the case of a cashier's check or teller's check, (iii) the loss of possession was not the result of a transfer by the declarer or a lawful seizure, and (iv) the declarer cannot reasonably obtain possession of the check because the check was destroyed, its whereabouts cannot be determined, or it is in the wrongful possession of an unknown person or a person that cannot be found or is not amendable [amenable] to service of process. (4) "Obligated bank" means the insurer [issuer] of a cashier's check or teller's check or the acceptor of a certified check. (b) A claimant may assert a claim to the amount of a check by a communication to the obligated bank describing the check with reasonable certainty and requesting payment of the amount of the check, if (i) the claimant is the drawer or payee of a certified check or the remitter or payee of a cashier's check or teller's check, (ii) the communication contains or is accompanied by a declaration of loss of the claimant with respect to the check, (iii) the communication is received at a time and in a manner affording the bank a reasonable time to act on it before the check is paid, and (iv) the claimant provides reasonable identification if requested by the obligated bank. Delivery of a declaration of loss is a warranty of the truth of the statements made in the declaration. If a claim is asserted in compliance with this subsection, the following rules apply: (1) The claim becomes enforceable at the later of (i) the time the claim is asserted, or (ii) the ninetieth day following the date of the check, in the case of a cashier's check or teller's check, or the ninetieth day following the date of the acceptance, in the case of a certified check. (2) Until the claim becomes enforceable, it has no legal effect and the obligated bank may pay the check or, in the case of a teller's check, may permit the drawee to pay the check. Payment to a person entitled to enforce the check discharges all liability of the obligated bank with respect to the check. (3) If the claim becomes enforceable before the check is presented for payment, the obligated bank is not obliged to pay the check. (4) When the claim becomes enforceable, the obligated bank becomes obliged to pay the amount of the check to the claimant if payment of the check has not been made to a person entitled to enforce the check. Subject to RCW 62A.4-302 (a), payment to the claimant discharges all liability of the obligated bank with respect to the check. (c) If the obligated bank pays the amount of a check to a claimant under subsection (b)(4) and the check is presented for payment by a person having rights of a holder in due course, the claimant is obliged to (i) refund the payment to the obligated bank if the check is paid, or (ii) pay the amount of the check to the person having rights of a holder in due course if the check is dishonored. (d) If a claimant has the right to assert a claim under subsection (b) and is also a person entitled to enforce a cashier's check, teller's check, or certified check that is lost, destroyed, or stolen, the claimant may assert rights with respect to the check under this section.
RCW 62A.9A-340 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 9A / Section 9A-340
RCW 62A.9A-340: Effectiveness of right of recoupment or set-off against deposit account.
Status: in_force

(a) Exercise of recoupment or set-off. Except as otherwise provided in subsection (c) of this section, a bank with which a deposit account is maintained may exercise any right of recoupment or set-off against a secured party that holds a security interest in the deposit account. (b) Recoupment or set-off not affected by security interest. Except as otherwise provided in subsection (c) of this section, the application of this Article to a security interest in a deposit account does not affect a right of recoupment or set-off of the secured party as to a deposit account maintained with the secured party. (c) When set-off ineffective. The exercise by a bank of a set-off against a deposit account is ineffective against a secured party that holds a security interest in the deposit account which is perfected by control under RCW 62A.9A-104 (a)(3), if the set-off is based on a claim against the debtor.
RCW 62A.1-101 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 1 / Section 1-101
RCW 62A.1-101: Short titles.
Status: in_force

(a) This title may be cited as the Uniform Commercial Code. (b) This Article may be cited as Uniform Commercial Code — General Provisions.
RCW 62A.9A-201 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 9A / Section 9A-201
RCW 62A.9A-201: General effectiveness of security agreement.
Status: in_force

(a) General effectiveness. Except as otherwise provided in the Uniform Commercial Code, a security agreement is effective according to its terms between the parties, against purchasers of the collateral, and against creditors. (b) Applicable consumer laws and other law. A transaction subject to this Article is subject to any applicable rule of law which establishes a different rule for consumers and (1) any other statute or regulation that regulates the rates, charges, agreements, and practices for loans, credit sales, or other extensions of credit and (2) any consumer-protection statute or regulation. (c) Other applicable law controls. In case of conflict between this Article and a rule of law, statute, or regulation described in subsection (b) of this section, the rule of law, statute, or regulation controls. Failure to comply with a statute or regulation described in subsection (b) of this section has only the effect the statute or regulation specifies. (d) Further deference to other applicable law. This Article does not: (1) Validate any rate, charge, agreement, or practice that violates a rule of law, statute, or regulation described in subsection (b) of this section; or (2) Extend the application of the rule of law, statute, or regulation to a transaction not otherwise subject to it.
RCW 62A.2-107 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 2 / Section 2-107
RCW 62A.2-107: Goods to be severed from realty: Recording.
Status: in_force

(1) A contract for the sale of minerals or the like including oil and gas or a structure or its materials to be removed from realty is a contract for the sale of goods within this Article if they are to be severed by the seller but until severance a purported present sale thereof which is not effective as a transfer of an interest in land is effective only as a contract to sell. (2) A contract for the sale apart from the land of growing crops or other things attached to realty and capable of severance without material harm thereto but not described in subsection (1) or of timber to be cut is a contract for the sale of goods within this Article whether the subject matter is to be severed by the buyer or by the seller even though it forms part of the realty at the time of contracting, and the parties can by identification effect a present sale before severance. (3) The provisions of this section are subject to any third party rights provided by the law relating to realty records, and the contract for sale may be executed and recorded as a document transferring an interest in land and shall then constitute notice to third parties of the buyer's rights under the contract for sale.
RCW 62A.1-106 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 1 / Section 1-106
RCW 62A.1-106: Use of singular and plural; gender.
Status: in_force

In this title, unless the statutory context otherwise requires: (1) Words in the singular number include the plural, and those in the plural include the singular; and (2) Words of any gender also refer to any other gender.
RCW 62A.9A-706 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 9A / Section 9A-706
RCW 62A.9A-706: When initial financing statement suffices to continue effectiveness of financing statement.
Status: in_force

(a) Initial financing statement in lieu of continuation statement. The filing of an initial financing statement in the office specified in RCW 62A.9A-501 continues the effectiveness of a financing statement filed before July 1, 2001, if: (1) The filing of an initial financing statement in that office would be effective to perfect a security interest under Article 62A.9A RCW; (2) The preeffective-date financing statement was filed in an office in another state or another office in this state; and (3) The initial financing statement satisfies subsection (c) of this section. (b) Period of continued effectiveness. The filing of an initial financing statement under subsection (a) of this section continues the effectiveness of the preeffective-date financing statement: (1) If the initial financing statement is filed before July 1, 2001, for the period provided in *RCW 62A.9-403 with respect to a financing statement; and (2) If the initial financing statement is filed after July 1, 2001, for the period provided in RCW 62A.9A-515 with respect to an initial financing statement. (c) Requirements for initial financing statement under subsection (a) of this section. To be effective for purposes of subsection (a) of this section, an initial financing statement must: (1) Satisfy the requirements of Part 5 for an initial financing statement; (2) Identify the preeffective-date financing statement by indicating the office in which the financing statement was filed and providing the dates of filing and file numbers, if any, of the financing statement and of the most recent continuation statement filed with respect to the financing statement; and (3) Indicate that the preeffective-date financing statement remains effective.
RCW 62A.4-103 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 4 / Section 4-103
RCW 62A.4-103: Variation by agreement; measure of damages; action constituting ordinary care.
Status: in_force

(a) The effect of the provisions of this Article may be varied by agreement, but the parties to the agreement cannot disclaim a bank's responsibility for its lack of good faith or failure to exercise ordinary care or limit the measure of damages for the lack or failure. However, the parties may determine by agreement the standards by which the bank's responsibility is to be measured if those standards are not manifestly unreasonable. (b) Federal Reserve regulations and operating circulars, clearing-house rules, and the like have the effect of agreements under subsection (a), whether or not specifically assented to by all parties interested in items handled. (c) Action or non-action approved by this Article or pursuant to Federal Reserve regulations or operating circulars is the exercise of ordinary care and, in the absence of special instructions, action or non-action consistent with clearing-house rules and the like or with a general banking usage not disapproved by this Article, is prima facie the exercise of ordinary care. (d) The specification or approval of certain procedures by this Article is not disapproval of other procedures that may be reasonable under the circumstances. (e) The measure of damages for failure to exercise ordinary care in handling an item is the amount of the item reduced by an amount that could not have been realized by the exercise of ordinary care. If there is also bad faith it includes any other damages the party suffered as a proximate consequence.
RCW 62A.7-303 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 7 / Section 7-303
RCW 62A.7-303: Diversion; reconsignment; change of instructions.
Status: in_force

(a) Unless the bill of lading otherwise provides, a carrier may deliver the goods to a person or destination other than that stated in the bill or may otherwise dispose of the goods, without liability for misdelivery, on instructions from: (1) The holder of a negotiable bill; (2) The consignor on a nonnegotiable bill, even if the consignee has given contrary instructions; (3) The consignee on a nonnegotiable bill in the absence of contrary instructions from the consignor, if the goods have arrived at the billed destination or if the consignee is in possession of the tangible bill or in control of the electronic bill; or (4) The consignee on a nonnegotiable bill, if the consignee is entitled as against the consignor to dispose of the goods. (b) Unless instructions described in subsection (a) of this section are included in a negotiable bill of lading, a person to which the bill is duly negotiated may hold the bailee according to the original terms.
RCW 62A.1-205 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 1 / Section 1-205
RCW 62A.1-205: Reasonable time; seasonableness.
Status: in_force

(a) Whether a time for taking an action required by this title is reasonable depends on the nature, purpose, and circumstances of the action. (b) An action is taken seasonably if it is taken at or within the time agreed or, if no time is agreed, at or within a reasonable time.
RCW 62A.2-706 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 2 / Section 2-706
RCW 62A.2-706: Seller's resale including contract for resale.
Status: in_force

(1) Under the conditions stated in RCW 62A.2-703 on seller's remedies, the seller may resell the goods concerned or the undelivered balance thereof. Where the resale is made in good faith and in a commercially reasonable manner, the seller may recover the difference between the resale price and the contract price together with any incidental damages allowed under the provisions of this Article (RCW 62A.2-710 ), but less expenses saved in consequence of the buyer's breach. (2) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (3) of this section or unless otherwise agreed, resale may be at public or private sale including sale by way of one or more contracts to sell or of identification to an existing contract of the seller. Sale may be as a unit or in parcels and at any time and place and on any terms but every aspect of the sale including the method, manner, time, place, and terms must be commercially reasonable. The resale must be reasonably identified as referring to the broken contract, but it is not necessary that the goods be in existence or that any or all of them have been identified to the contract before the breach. (3) Where the resale is at private sale, the seller must give the buyer reasonable notification of his or her intention to resell. (4) Where the resale is at public sale: (a) Only identified goods can be sold except where there is a recognized market for a public sale of futures in goods of the kind; and (b) It must be made at a usual place or market for public sale if one is reasonably available and except in the case of goods which are perishable or threaten to decline in value speedily the seller must give the buyer reasonable notice of the time and place of the resale; and (c) If the goods are not to be within the view of those attending the sale the notification of sale must state the place where the goods are located and provide for their reasonable inspection by prospective bidders; and (d) The seller may buy. (5) A purchaser who buys in good faith at a resale takes the goods free of any rights of the original buyer even though the seller fails to comply with one or more of the requirements of this section. (6) The seller is not accountable to the buyer for any profit made on any resale. A person in the position of a seller (RCW 62A.2-707 ) or a buyer who has rightfully rejected or justifiably revoked acceptance must account for any excess over the amount of his or her security interest, as hereinafter defined (RCW 62A.2-711 (3)).
RCW 62A.9A-335 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 9A / Section 9A-335
RCW 62A.9A-335: Accessions.
Status: in_force

(a) Creation of security interest in accession. A security interest may be created in an accession and continues in collateral that becomes an accession. (b) Perfection of security interest. If a security interest is perfected when the collateral becomes an accession, the security interest remains perfected in the collateral. (c) Priority of security interest. Except as otherwise provided in subsection (d) of this section, the other provisions of this part determine the priority of a security interest in an accession. (d) Compliance with certificate-of-title statute. A security interest in an accession is subordinate to a security interest in the whole which is perfected by compliance with the requirements of a certificate-of-title statute under RCW 62A.9A-311 (b). (e) Removal of accession after default. After default, subject to Part 6 of this Article, a secured party may remove an accession from other goods if the security interest in the accession has priority over the claims of every person having an interest in the whole. (f) Reimbursement following removal. A secured party that removes an accession from other goods under subsection (e) of this section shall promptly reimburse any holder of a security interest or other lien on, or owner of, the whole or of the other goods, other than the debtor, for the cost of repair of any physical injury to the whole or the other goods. The secured party need not reimburse the holder or owner for any diminution in value of the whole or the other goods caused by the absence of the accession removed or by any necessity for replacing it. A person entitled to reimbursement may refuse permission to remove until the secured party gives adequate assurance for the performance of the obligation to reimburse.
RCW 62A.3-207 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 3 / Section 3-207
RCW 62A.3-207: Reacquisition.
Status: in_force

Reacquisition of an instrument occurs if it is transferred to a former holder, by negotiation or otherwise. A former holder who reacquires the instrument may cancel indorsements made after the reacquirer first became a holder of the instrument. If the cancellation causes the instrument to be payable to the reacquirer or to bearer, the reacquirer may negotiate the instrument. An indorser whose indorsement is canceled is discharged, and the discharge is effective against any subsequent holder.
RCW 62A.2-719 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 2 / Section 2-719
RCW 62A.2-719: Contractual modification or limitation of remedy.
Status: in_force

(1) Subject to the provisions of subsections (2) and (3) of this section and of the preceding section on liquidation and limitation of damages, (a) the agreement may provide for remedies in addition to or in substitution for those provided in this Article and may limit or alter the measure of damages recoverable under this Article, as by limiting the buyer's remedies to return of the goods and repayment of the price or to repair and replacement of non-conforming goods or parts; and (b) resort to a remedy as provided is optional unless the remedy is expressly agreed to be exclusive, in which case it is the sole remedy. (2) Where circumstances cause an exclusive or limited remedy to fail of its essential purpose, remedy may be had as provided in this Title. (3) Limitation of consequential damages for injury to the person in the case of goods purchased primarily for personal, family or household use or of any services related thereto is invalid unless it is proved that the limitation is not unconscionable. Limitation of remedy to repair or replacement of defective parts or non-conforming goods is invalid in sales of goods primarily for personal, family or household use unless the manufacturer or seller maintains or provides within this state facilities adequate to provide reasonable and expeditious performance of repair or replacement obligations. Limitation of other consequential damages is valid unless it is established that the limitation is unconscionable.
RCW 62A.4A-505 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 4A / Section 4A-505
RCW 62A.4A-505: Preclusion of objection to debit of customer's account.
Status: in_force

If a receiving bank has received payment from its customer with respect to a payment order issued in the name of the customer as sender and accepted by the bank, and the customer received notification reasonably identifying the order, the customer is precluded from asserting that the bank is not entitled to retain the payment unless the customer notifies the bank of the customer's objection to the payment within one year after the notification was received by the customer.
RCW 62A.9A-519 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 9A / Section 9A-519
RCW 62A.9A-519: Numbering, maintaining, and indexing records; communicating information provided in records.
Status: in_force

(a) Filing office duties. For each record filed in a filing office, the filing office shall: (1) Assign a unique number to the filed record; (2) Create a record that bears the number assigned to the filed record and the date and time of filing; (3) Maintain the filed record for public inspection; and (4) Index the filed record in accordance with subsections (c), (d), and (e) of this section. (b) File number. A file number assigned after January 1, 2002, must include a digit that: (1) Is mathematically derived from or related to the other digits of the file number; and (2) Aids the filing office in determining whether a number communicated as the file number includes a single-digit or transpositional error. (c) Indexing: General. Except as otherwise provided in subsections (d) and (e) of this section, the filing office shall: (1) Index an initial financing statement according to the name of the debtor and index all filed records relating to the initial financing statement in a manner that associates with one another an initial financing statement and all filed records relating to the initial financing statement; and (2) Index a record that provides a name of a debtor which was not previously provided in the financing statement to which the record relates also according to the name that was not previously provided. (d) Indexing: Real-property-related financing statement. If a financing statement is filed as a fixture filing or covers as-extracted collateral or timber to be cut, it must be filed for record and the filing office shall index it: (1) Under the names of the debtor and of each owner of record shown on the financing statement as if they were the mortgagors under a mortgage of the real property described; and (2) To the extent that the law of this state provides for indexing of records of mortgages under the name of the mortgagee, under the name of the secured party as if the secured party were the mortgagee thereunder, or, if indexing is by description, as if the financing statement were a record of a mortgage of the real property described. (e) Indexing: Real-property-related assignment. If a financing statement is filed as a fixture filing or covers as-extracted collateral or timber to be cut, the filing office shall index an assignment filed under RCW 62A.9A-514 (a) or an amendment filed under RCW 62A.9A-514 (b): (1) Under the name of the assignor as grantor; and (2) To the extent that the law of this state provides for indexing a record of the assignment of a mortgage under the name of the assignee, under the name of the assignee. (f) Retrieval and association capability. The filing office shall maintain a capability: (1) To retrieve a record by the name of the debtor and by the file number assigned to the initial financing statement to which the record relates; and (2) To associate and retrieve with one another an initial financing statement and each filed record relating to the initial financing statement. (g) Removal of debtor's name. The filing office may not remove a debtor's name from the index until one year after the effectiveness of a financing statement naming the debtor lapses under RCW 62A.9A-515 with respect to all secured parties of record. (h) Timeliness of filing office performance. The filing office shall perform the acts required by subsections (a) through (e) of this section at the time and in the manner prescribed by filing-office rule, but not later than two business days after the filing office receives the record in question. (i) Inapplicability to real-property-related filing office. Subsections (b) and (h) of this section do not apply to a filing office described in RCW 62A.9A-501 (a)(1).
RCW 62A.2A-526 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 2A / Section 2A-526
RCW 62A.2A-526: Lessor's stoppage of delivery in transit or otherwise.
Status: in_force

(1) A lessor may stop delivery of goods in the possession of a carrier or other bailee if the lessor discovers the lessee to be insolvent and may stop delivery of carload, truckload, planeload, or larger shipments of express or freight if the lessee repudiates or fails to make a payment due before delivery, whether for rent, security, or otherwise under the lease contract, or for any other reason the lessor has a right to withhold or take possession of the goods. (2) In pursuing its remedies under subsection (1) of this section, the lessor may stop delivery until: (a) Receipt of the goods by the lessee; (b) Acknowledgment to the lessee by any bailee of the goods, except a carrier, that the bailee holds the goods for the lessee; or (c) Such an acknowledgment to the lessee by a carrier via reshipment or as a warehouse. (3)(a) To stop delivery, a lessor shall so notify as to enable the bailee by reasonable diligence to prevent delivery of the goods. (b) After notification, the bailee shall hold and deliver the goods according to the directions of the lessor, but the lessor is liable to the bailee for any ensuing charges or damages. (c) A carrier who has issued a nonnegotiable bill of lading is not obliged to obey a notification to stop received from a person other than the consignor.
RCW 62A.3-415 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 3 / Section 3-415
RCW 62A.3-415: Obligation of indorser.
Status: in_force

(a) Subject to subsections (b), (c), (d), and (e) and to RCW 62A.3-419 (d), if an instrument is dishonored, an indorser is obliged to pay the amount due on the instrument (i) according to the terms of the instrument at the time it was indorsed, or (ii) if the indorser indorsed an incomplete instrument, according to its terms when completed, to the extent stated in RCW 62A.3-115 and 62A.3-407 . The obligation of the indorser is owed to a person entitled to enforce the instrument or to a subsequent indorser who paid the instrument under this section. (b) If an indorsement states that it is made "without recourse" or otherwise disclaims liability of the indorser, the indorser is not liable under subsection (a) to pay the instrument. (c) If notice of dishonor of an instrument is required by RCW 62A.3-503 and notice of dishonor complying with that section is not given to an indorser, the liability of the indorser under subsection (a) is discharged. (d) If a draft is accepted by a bank after an indorsement is made, the liability of the indorser under subsection (a) is discharged. (e) If an indorser of a check is liable under subsection (a) and the check is not presented for payment, or given to a depositary bank for collection, within 30 days after the day the indorsement was made, the liability of the indorser under subsection (a) is discharged.
RCW 62A.7-201 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 7 / Section 7-201
RCW 62A.7-201: Person that may issue a warehouse receipt; storage under bond.
Status: in_force

(a) A warehouse receipt may be issued by any warehouse. (b) If goods, including distilled spirits and agricultural commodities, are stored under a statute requiring a bond against withdrawal or a license for the issuance of receipts in the nature of warehouse receipts, a receipt issued for the goods is deemed to be a warehouse receipt even if issued by a person that is the owner of the goods and is not a warehouse.
RCW 62A.2A-521 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 2A / Section 2A-521
RCW 62A.2A-521: Lessee's right to specific performance or replevin.
Status: in_force

(1) Specific performance may be decreed if the goods are unique or in other proper circumstances. (2) A decree for specific performance may include any terms and conditions as to payment of the rent, damages, or other relief that the court deems just. (3) A lessee has a right of replevin, detinue, sequestration, claim and delivery, or the like for goods identified to the lease contract if after reasonable effort the lessee is unable to effect cover for those goods or the circumstances reasonably indicate that the effort will be unavailing.
RCW 62A.4A-106 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 4A / Section 4A-106
RCW 62A.4A-106: Time payment order is received.
Status: in_force

(a) The time of receipt of a payment order or communication canceling or amending a payment order is determined by the rules applicable to receipt of a notice stated in RCW 62A.1-202 . A receiving bank may fix a cut-off time or times on a funds-transfer business day for the receipt and processing of payment orders and communications canceling or amending payment orders. Different cut-off times may apply to payment orders, cancellations, or amendments, or to different categories of payment orders, cancellations, or amendments. A cut-off time may apply to senders generally or different cut-off times may apply to different senders or categories of payment orders. If a payment order or communication canceling or amending a payment order is received after the close of a funds-transfer business day or after the appropriate cut-off time on a funds-transfer business day, the receiving bank may treat the payment order or communication as received at the opening of the next funds-transfer business day. (b) If this Article refers to an execution date or payment date or states a day on which a receiving bank is required to take action, and the date or day does not fall on a funds-transfer business day, the next day that is a funds-transfer business day is treated as the date or day stated, unless the contrary is stated in this Article.
RCW 62A.2A-306 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 2A / Section 2A-306
RCW 62A.2A-306: Priority of certain liens arising by operation of law.
Status: in_force

(a) "Possessory lien." In this section, "possessory lien" has the meaning defined in RCW 62A.9A-333 . (b) Priority of possessory lien. A possessory lien on goods subject to a lease contract has priority over any interest of the lessor or the lessee under the lease contract or this Article only if the lien is created by a statute that expressly so provides. (c) A preparer lien or processor lien properly created pursuant to chapter 60.13 RCW or a depositor's lien created pursuant to chapter 22.09 RCW takes priority over any perfected or unperfected security interest.
RCW 62A.4A-209 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 4A / Section 4A-209
RCW 62A.4A-209: Acceptance of payment order.
Status: in_force

(a) Subject to subsection (d) of this section, a receiving bank other than the beneficiary's bank accepts a payment order when it executes the order. (b) Subject to subsections (c) and (d) of this section, a beneficiary's bank accepts a payment order at the earliest of the following times: (1) When the bank (i) pays the beneficiary as stated in RCW 62A.4A-405 (a) or (b) or (ii) notifies the beneficiary of receipt of the order or that the account of the beneficiary has been credited with respect to the order unless the notice indicates that the bank is rejecting the order or that funds with respect to the order may not be withdrawn or used until receipt of payment from the sender of the order; (2) When the bank receives payment of the entire amount of the sender's order pursuant to RCW 62A.4A-403 (a) (1) or (2); or (3) The opening of the next funds-transfer business day of the bank following the payment date of the order if, at that time, the amount of the sender's order is fully covered by a withdrawable credit balance in an authorized account of the sender or the bank has otherwise received full payment from the sender, unless the order was rejected before that time or is rejected within (i) one hour after that time, or (ii) one hour after the opening of the next business day of the sender following the payment date if that time is later. If notice of rejection is received by the sender after the payment date and the authorized account of the sender does not bear interest, the bank is obliged to pay interest to the sender on the amount of the order for the number of days elapsing after the payment date to the day the sender receives notice or learns that the order was not accepted, counting that day as an elapsed day. If the withdrawable credit balance during that period falls below the amount of the order, the amount of interest payable is reduced accordingly. (c) Acceptance of a payment order cannot occur before the order is received by the receiving bank. Acceptance does not occur under subsection (b)(2) or (3) of this section if the beneficiary of the payment order does not have an account with the receiving bank, the account has been closed, or the receiving bank is not permitted by law to receive credits for the beneficiary's account. (d) A payment order issued to the originator's bank cannot be accepted until the payment date if the bank is the beneficiary's bank, or the execution date if the bank is not the beneficiary's bank. If the originator's bank executes the originator's payment order before the execution date or pays the beneficiary of the originator's payment order before the payment date and the payment order is subsequently canceled pursuant to RCW 62A.4A-211 (b), the bank may recover from the beneficiary any payment received to the extent allowed by the law governing mistake and restitution.
RCW 62A.1-103 — Washington Code / Title 62A / Chapter 1 / Section 1-103
RCW 62A.1-103: Construction of uniform commercial code to promote its purposes and policies; applicability of supplemental principles of law.
Status: in_force

(a) This title must be liberally construed and applied to promote its underlying purposes and policies, which are: (1) To simplify, clarify, and modernize the law governing commercial transactions; (2) To permit the continued expansion of commercial practices through custom, usage, and agreement of the parties; and (3) To make uniform the law among the various jurisdictions. (b) Unless displaced by the particular provisions of this title, the principles of law and equity, including the law merchant and the law relative to capacity to contract, principal and agent, estoppel, fraud, misrepresentation, duress, coercion, mistake, bankruptcy, and other validating or invalidating cause supplement its provisions.