20 V.S.A. § 2056a — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 117 / Section 2056a
§ 2056a. Dissemination of criminal history records to criminal justice agencies
Status: in_force

(a) As used in this section:

(1) “Criminal history record” means all information documenting an individual's contact with the criminal justice system, including data regarding identification, arrest or citation, arraignment, judicial disposition, custody, and supervision.

(2) “Criminal justice agencies” means all Vermont courts and other governmental agencies or subunits of governmental agencies that allocate at least 50 percent of the agency's annual appropriation to criminal justice purposes.

(3) “Criminal justice purposes” means the investigation, apprehension, detention, adjudication, or correction of persons suspected, charged, or convicted of criminal offenses. Criminal justice purposes shall also include criminal identification activities; the collection, storage, and dissemination of criminal history records; and screening for criminal justice employment.

(4) “The Center” means the Vermont Crime Information Center.

(b) A criminal justice agency may request a person's criminal history record from the center for criminal justice purposes or other purposes authorized by State or federal law. Upon the request of a criminal justice agency, the Center shall prepare and release a person's Vermont criminal history record, provided that the criminal justice agency has filed a user's agreement with the Center. The user's agreement shall require the criminal justice agency to comply with all federal and State laws, rules, regulations, and policies regulating the release of criminal history records and the protection of individual privacy. The user's agreement shall be signed and kept current by the agency.

(c) A criminal justice agency may obtain criminal history records from other states and the Federal Bureau of Investigation through the Center, provided that the criminal justice agency has filed a user's agreement with the Center. Release of interstate and Federal Bureau of Investigation criminal history records to criminal justice agencies is subject to the rules and regulations of the Federal Bureau of Investigation's National Crime Information Center.

(d) A criminal history record obtained from the Center shall be admissible evidence in the courts of this State.

(e) No person shall confirm the existence or nonexistence of criminal history record information to any person who would not be eligible to receive the information pursuant to this subchapter.

(f) A person who violates the provisions of this section with respect to unauthorized disclosure of confidential criminal history record information obtained from the Center under the authority of this section shall be fined not more than $5,000.00. Each unauthorized disclosure shall constitute a separate civil violation.
20 V.S.A. § 3201 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 190 / Section 3201
§ 3201. Definitions
Status: in_force

As used in this subchapter:

(1) “Animal” has the same meaning as in 13 V.S.A. § 351, provided that the animals or activities regulated under this chapter shall not apply to:

(A) activities regulated by the Department of Fish and Wildlife pursuant to 10 V.S.A. Part 4;

(B) scientific research governed by accepted procedural standards subject to review by an institutional animal care and use committee;

(C) livestock and poultry husbandry practices for the raising, management, and use of domestic animals;

(D) veterinary medical or surgical procedures; and

(E) the killing of an animal as authorized pursuant to sections 3809 and 3545 of this title.

(2) “Director” means the Director of Animal Welfare and includes the Director's designee.

(3) “Division” means the Division of Animal Welfare.

(4) “Domestic animal” has the same meaning as in 6 V.S.A. § 1151(2).
20 V.S.A. § 3412 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 191 / Section 3412
§ 3412. Poundkeeper's duties and liabilities
Status: in_force

The poundkeeper shall supply such animal with food and drink while in the pound, and such keeper shall be liable to pay the owner of such animal damages occasioned by neglecting so to do.
20 V.S.A. § 2867 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 173 / Section 2867
§ 2867. Administration of oaths; perjury
Status: in_force

The Fire Marshal and Deputy Fire Marshal may each administer oaths and affirmations to any person appearing as a witness before them. A person who falsely swears in any matter or proceeding shall be deemed guilty of perjury and shall be punished accordingly.
20 V.S.A. § 4661 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 208 / Section 4661
§ 4661. Definitions [Repealed effective June 30, 2028]
Status: in_force

As used in this chapter:

(1) “Critical infrastructure” has the same meaning as in 11 V.S.A. § 1701.

(2) “Cybersecurity” means the practice of deploying people, policies, processes, and technologies to protect organizations, their critical systems, and sensitive information from digital attacks.

(3) “Essential supply chain” means supply chains for the production, in sufficient quantities, of the following articles:

(A) medical supplies, medicines, and personal protective equipment;

(B) articles essential to the operation, manufacture, supply, service, or maintenance of critical infrastructure;

(C) articles critical to infrastructure construction after a natural or manmade disaster;

(D) articles that are critical to the State's food systems, including food supplies for individuals and households and livestock feed; and

(E) articles that are critical to the State's thermal systems and fuels.
20 V.S.A. § 2674 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 171 / Section 2674
§ 2674. Assistance outside district
Status: in_force

When a fire occurs in a fire district or town and application for assistance is made to an officer or inhabitant of another organized fire district by an officer or inhabitant of such district or town, if in his or her judgment assistance should be granted, the chief engineer may designate the engine and company to render such assistance.
20 V.S.A. § 111 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 4 / Section 111
§ 111. Validity - Article IX
Status: in_force

If any provision of this Compact is declared unconstitutional, or the applicability thereof to any person or circumstances is held invalid, the constitutionality of the remainder of this act and the applicability thereof to other persons and circumstances shall not be affected thereby.
20 V.S.A. § 1811 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 111 / Section 1811
§ 1811. Creation of Department
Status: in_force

There is hereby created a Department of Public Safety for the purpose of consolidating certain existing police and investigating agencies, to promote the detection and prevention of crime generally, and to participate in searches for lost or missing persons, and to assist in case of statewide or local disasters or emergencies.
20 V.S.A. § 1883 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 113 / Section 1883
§ 1883. State law enforcement; memorandum of understanding
Status: repealed

(a) The Commissioner of Public Safety shall develop and execute a memorandum of understanding with the Commissioners of Fish and Wildlife, of Motor Vehicles, and of Liquor and Lottery and their respective directors of law enforcement. The memorandum of understanding shall be reviewed at least every two years and shall at a minimum address:

(1) Maximizing collective resources by reducing or eliminating redundancies and implementing a methodology that will enhance overall coordination and communication while supporting the mission of individual enforcement agencies.

(2) Providing for an overall statewide law enforcement strategic plan supported by quarterly planning and implementation strategy sessions to improve efficiencies and coordination on an operational level and ensure interagency cooperation and collaboration of programs funded through grants. The strategic plan should identify clear goals and performance measures that demonstrate results, as well as specific strategic plans for individual enforcement agencies.

(3) Creating a task force concept that will provide for the sharing and disseminating of information and recommendations involving various levels of statewide law enforcement throughout Vermont that will benefit all law enforcement agencies as well as citizens.

(4) Developing an integrated and coordinated approach to multi-agency special teams with the goal of creating a force multiplier, where feasible. These teams will be coordinated by the Vermont State Police during training and deployments.

(5) Providing for the Commissioner of Public Safety, with the approval of the Governor and in consultation with the Commissioners of Motor Vehicles, of Fish and Wildlife, and of Liquor and Lottery, to assume the role of lead coordinator of statewide law enforcement units in the event of elevated alerts, critical incidents, and all-hazards events. The lead coordinator shall maintain control until in the lead coordinator's judgment the event no longer requires coordinated action to ensure the public safety.

(b) [Repealed.]
20 V.S.A. § 1717 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 87 / Section 1717
§ 1717. Management of funds
Status: in_force

(a) Notwithstanding the provisions of subdivision 1714(2) of this chapter, all funds of the Home, except residents' funds as described in subsection (e) of this section, shall be held by the State Treasurer and credited to appropriate accounts established in compliance with subsection (b) of this section and 32 V.S.A. § 401(a).

(b)(1) There are created one or more funds to be held in trust. To these funds shall be credited donations and endowments to the Home with and without specific restrictions on their use. Interest and earnings accruing to the funds created by this subsection shall be credited to the respective fund. The funds deposited pursuant to this subsection shall not be considered funds of the State and shall be used solely for the purposes of this chapter, subject to the terms and conditions of the gift and to the terms and conditions of the donation or endowment.

(2) Upon deposit with the State Treasurer's Office, the Home may request from the State Treasurer's Office and may retain locally up to $10,000.00 of donations and endowments, which may be expended consistent with their applicable terms and conditions, for supporting residents of the Home or providing care and services to Vermont veterans who do not reside in the Home pursuant to subdivisions 1714(5), (13), (14), (15), and (16) of this chapter.

(3) The funds shall be maintained in an account pursuant to 32 V.S.A. § 431.

(4) The Chief Executive Officer shall make a report at each scheduled Board meeting of the locally retained donations and endowments. The report shall include any amounts requested by the Home from the State Treasurer's Office, the nature of the funds, the account balance, and any expenditures.

(c) Monies from the funds established by this section may be expended by the Home upon submission of vouchers, submitted at the direction and with the approval of the Board, to the Commissioner of Finance and Management in compliance with 32 V.S.A. § 463, and issuance of warrants pursuant to 32 V.S.A. §§ 461 and 465. The Commissioner shall approve expeditiously any request for a release of funds if the request is in conformance with all applicable State law.

(d) On no less than a quarterly basis, the Chief Executive Officer of the Home shall provide a statement of account activity and fund balances to the Board.

(e) Notwithstanding the provisions of 32 V.S.A. chapter 7, subchapter 1, the Home is authorized to retain funds when acting in a trustee capacity for individual residents of the Home. Establishment and maintenance of accounts for this purpose shall be pursuant to 32 V.S.A. § 431 and any other relevant provisions of law.

(f) Grants, gifts, donations, loans, or other things of value may be accepted pursuant to the provisions of 32 V.S.A. § 5.
20 V.S.A. § 1932 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 113 / Section 1932
§ 1932. Definitions
Status: in_force

As used in this subchapter:

(1) “CODIS” means the FBI's national DNA identification index system that allows storage and exchange of DNA records submitted by state and local forensic DNA laboratories. The term “CODIS” is derived from Combined DNA Index System.

(2) “Department” means the Department of Public Safety.

(3) “DNA” means deoxyribonucleic acid. DNA encodes genetic information that is the basis of human heredity and forensic identification.

(4) “DNA record” means DNA sample identification information stored in the State DNA database or CODIS. A DNA record is the result obtained from the DNA sample typing tests and is referred to as the DNA profile of an individual.

(5) “DNA sample” means a forensic unknown tissue sample or a tissue sample provided by any person convicted of a designated crime. The DNA sample may be blood or other tissue type specified by the Department.

(6) “FBI” means the Federal Bureau of Investigation.

(7) “Forensic unknown sample” means an unidentified tissue sample gathered in connection with a criminal investigation.

(8) “Laboratory” means the Department of Public Safety Forensic Laboratory. The Laboratory's general authority under this subchapter includes specifying procedures for collection and storage of DNA samples.

(9) “Population database” means anonymous DNA records used to assist statistical evaluation.

(10) “State DNA database” means the Laboratory DNA identification record system. The State DNA database is a collection of the DNA records related to forensic casework, persons required to provide a DNA sample under this subchapter, and anonymous DNA records used for protocol development or quality control.

(11) “State DNA data bank” means the repository of DNA samples collected and maintained under the provisions of this subchapter.

(12) “Designated crime” means any of the following offenses:

(A) a felony;

(B) 13 V.S.A. § 1042 (domestic assault);

(C) any crime for which a person is required to register as a sex offender pursuant to 13 V.S.A. chapter 167, subchapter 3;

(D) 13 V.S.A. § 1062 (stalking);

(E) 13 V.S.A. § 1025 (reckless endangerment);

(F) a violation of an abuse prevention order as defined in 13 V.S.A. § 1030, excluding violation of an abuse prevention order issued pursuant to 15 V.S.A. § 1104 (emergency relief) or 33 V.S.A. § 6936 (emergency relief);

(G) a misdemeanor violation of 13 V.S.A. chapter 28, relating to abuse, neglect, and exploitation of vulnerable adults;

(H) an attempt to commit any offense listed in this subdivision; or

(I) any other offense, if, as part of a plea agreement in an action in which the original charge was a crime listed in this subdivision and probable cause was found by the court, there is a requirement that the defendant submit a DNA sample to the DNA data bank.
20 V.S.A. § 1485 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 81 / Section 1485
§ 1485. Cooperation with local organizations
Status: in_force

The Adjutant and Inspector General may cooperate with local organizations in the State to provide information and assistance for the purposes set forth in this chapter.
20 V.S.A. § 363 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 21 / Section 363
§ 363. Officers generally
Status: in_force

(a)(1) The General Assembly shall biennially elect an Adjutant and Inspector General for a term of two years.

(2) An Adjutant and Inspector General appointed to fill a vacancy occurring during a term shall serve the remainder of the unexpired term.

(3) In order to be eligible for election to serve as Adjutant and Inspector General, an individual shall:

(A) have attained the rank of Colonel (O-6) or above;

(B) be a current member of the U.S. Army, the U.S. Air Force, the U.S. Army Reserve, the U.S. Air Force Reserve, the Army National Guard, or the Air National Guard or be eligible to return to active service in the Army National Guard or the Air National Guard;

(C) be a graduate of a Senior Service College; and

(D) be eligible for federal recognition.

(b) The Adjutant and Inspector General shall be granted the rank of a major general within the State.

(c)(1) The Adjutant General may appoint a Deputy with the approval of the Governor. The Adjutant General may also appoint an Assistant Adjutant General for Army, an Assistant Adjutant General for Air, an Assistant Adjutant General for Joint Operations, a Command Sergeant Major, and a Command Chief Master Sergeant, without pay, with the approval of the Governor.

(2) The Adjutant and Inspector General may remove the appointed assistant adjutant generals and sergeants and shall be responsible for their acts.

(3) Upon appointment, each Assistant Adjutant General shall be a federally recognized officer of the National Guard of the rank of lieutenant colonel or above, and shall have a rank of colonel or brigadier general within the State, and the Command Sergeant Major shall be a federally recognized noncommissioned officer of the National Guard of the rank of master sergeant or first sergeant or above, and the Command Chief Master Sergeant shall be a federally recognized noncommissioned officer of the rank of senior master sergeant.

(4) The Deputy, assistants, and sergeants shall perform duties as the Adjutant and Inspector General shall direct.

(d)(1) In the absence or disability of the Adjutant and Inspector General, the Deputy shall perform the duties of that office.

(2) In case a vacancy occurs in the office of Adjutant and Inspector General, the Deputy shall assume and discharge the duties of the office until the vacancy is filled.

(e) Appointments made pursuant to subsections (a) and (c) of this section shall be in writing and recorded in the Office of the Secretary of State.

(f) All other officers of the National Guard shall be chosen in accordance with rules adopted by the Adjutant and Inspector General consistent with the laws of this State and the United States.
20 V.S.A. § 102 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 4 / Section 102
§ 102. Purpose; authority; definitions - Article I
Status: in_force

(a) The purpose of this Compact is to provide mutual aid and assistance among the party states for response to and management of any disaster or emergency declared by the Governor of any affected party state.

(b) This Compact also provides mutual cooperation among the party states in emergency-related training, exercises, testing, or any other activity related to preparation for an actual declared disaster or emergency. Mutual assistance under this Compact may include the use of the National Guard force of any party state, either in accordance with the National Guard Mutual Assistance Compact or by agreement between states.

(c) For the purposes of this agreement:

(1) “Disaster or emergency” means any occurrence that threatens the health, safety and well-being of the people of any state or region, whether due to natural or man-made disaster, technological hazard, effects of resource shortage, civil disorder, insurgency, or enemy attack.

(2) “Party state” means a state or jurisdiction that is an authorized participant in the Compact.

(3) “States” means the several states, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the District of Columbia, and all U.S. territorial possessions.
20 V.S.A. § 3684 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 193 / Section 3684
§ 3684. Offenses; bill of costs in prosecution
Status: in_force

The person operating a kennel who is found to have neglected to remedy conditions specified in a quarantine order issued pursuant to section 3683 of this subchapter, other than the prevalence of contagious disease, within ten days after receiving notice of the order, or who sells, gives away, or otherwise removes a domestic pet or wolf-hybrid under quarantine or affected with a contagious disease, shall be subject to the penalty provided in 13 V.S.A. § 353(a)(1). Necessary fees and expenses of a veterinarian designated by the officer or agent shall be included in the bill of costs in a prosecution made pursuant to this section and shall be taxed to the respondent.
20 V.S.A. § 1952 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 114 / Section 1952
§ 1952. Entry into force and withdrawal-Article II
Status: in_force

(a) This Compact shall enter into force when enacted into law by any three of the states of Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island and Vermont. Thereafter, this Compact shall become effective as to any other of the aforementioned states upon its enactment thereof.

(b) Any party state may withdraw from this Compact by enacting a statute repealing the same, but no such withdrawal shall take effect until one year after the governor of the withdrawing state has given notice in writing of the withdrawal to the governors of all other party states. No withdrawal shall affect any liability already incurred by or chargeable to a party state prior to the time of such withdrawal, and any records, files or information obtained by officers or employees of a withdrawing state shall continue to be kept, used and disposed of only in such manner as is consistent with this Compact and any rules or regulations pursuant thereto.
20 V.S.A. § 1483 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 81 / Section 1483
§ 1483. Adjutant General; duties as to veterans' affairs
Status: in_force

In addition to the duties elsewhere set forth by law, the Adjutant and Inspector General shall:

(1) acquaint himself or herself, and his or her assistants and employees, with federal, State, and local laws enacted for the benefit of members of the U.S. Armed Forces and Vermont National Guard, veterans having a discharge other than dishonorable, and the heirs and beneficiaries of members and veterans;

(2) collect data and information as to facilities and services available to members of the U.S. Armed Forces and Vermont National Guard, veterans, and the heirs and beneficiaries of members and veterans;

(3) cooperate with information or service agencies throughout the State, to inform members of the U.S. Armed Forces and Vermont National Guard, veterans, the heirs or beneficiaries of members and veterans, and military and civilian authorities, regarding the existence or availability of:

(A) educational training and retraining facilities;

(B) health, medical, rehabilitation, and housing services and facilities;

(C) employment and reemployment services; and

(D) provisions of federal, State, and local laws affording rights, privileges, and benefits to members of the U.S. Armed Forces and Vermont National Guard, and veterans and their families and dependents, and other matters of similar, related, or appropriate nature;

(4) assist veterans and their heirs or beneficiaries in the presentation, proof, and establishment of claims, privileges, rights, and other benefits under federal, State, or local laws; and

(5) cooperate with all national, State, and local governmental and private agencies in securing services or any benefits to veterans and their families and dependents.
20 V.S.A. § 3512 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 191 / Section 3512
§ 3512. Waiver of lien
Status: in_force

The giving of notice as prescribed in section 3511 of this title shall be deemed a waiver of any lien on the animal for the treatment, board, or care of the animal but shall not relieve the owner of the animal of his or her contractual liability for the treatment, board, or care furnished.
20 V.S.A. § 4507 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 201 / Section 4507
§ 4507. Criteria for imposing conditions on permit
Status: in_force

(a) If there is a reasonable likelihood that an assembly will substantially harm the public health or safety, the permit officer shall grant the permit upon conditions reasonably necessary to avoid substantial harm to the public health or safety.

(b) The permit officer may impose conditions to ensure that:

(1) public sanitation, food, water, and emergency medical facilities are adequate;

(2) the time, place, and duration of the assembly is suitable in view of the number of persons expected to attend;

(3) measures for controlling the crowd and managing the assembly are adequate;

(4) the assembly will not substantially impair the provision of fire and police protection and medical and other essential public services;

(5) the assembly will not unreasonably interfere with the quiet enjoyment of a residential community;

(6) litter incidental to the assembly will be removed and disposed of;

(7) the person holding the public assembly furnishes an adequate bond or arranges other financial security in a reasonable amount to ensure reimbursement of a political subdivision, the State of Vermont, or any police agency, for the cost of additional law enforcement officers required to meet any other condition.
20 V.S.A. § 3911 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 194 / Section 3911
§ 3911. Penalties
Status: in_force

(a) Any person licensed or registered under this chapter who fails to provide animals under the person's care or custody with adequate food or adequate water, as defined in section 3901 of this title, or who fails to house animals in the person's care or custody in a manner that is adequate for their welfare, shall be fined not more than $500.00.

(b) Any person who operates a fair or public auction or who transacts business as a pet shop, animal shelter, or rescue organization without being duly licensed or without possessing a proper certificate of registration, as the case may be, as required under this chapter, or who violates any provision of this chapter or of any rule lawfully adopted under its authority for which no other penalty is provided shall be fined not more than $300.00 or imprisoned for not more than six months, or both.

(c) The Secretary may assess administrative penalties under 6 V.S.A. §§ 15-17, not to exceed $1,000.00, for violations of this chapter.
20 V.S.A. § 1879a — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 113 / Section 1879a
§ 1879a. Location of in-service training
Status: in_force

In-service training beyond basic training provided personnel in the Department shall, when cost effective, be held at the State-owned law enforcement and fire service training facility in Pittsford. Such training operations and facilities of the Department shall when practicable be made available to other State and municipal law enforcement personnel. Notwithstanding the requirement of this section, in-service training of one day or less in duration, or longer duration if no commercial overnight lodging is required, may be provided at a Department duty station for the personnel assigned to that Department.
20 V.S.A. § 1821 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 112 / Section 1821
§ 1821. Missing person complaint
Status: in_force

(a) A person filing a missing person complaint with a law enforcement agency shall provide at a minimum the following information:

(1) the name, age, address, and identifying characteristics of the missing person;

(2) the length of time the person has been missing;

(3) the name of the complainant and the relationship of the complainant to the missing person; and

(4) any other relevant information provided by the complainant or requested by the law enforcement agency.

(b) All law enforcement personnel on active duty shall be promptly notified that the person is missing.
20 V.S.A. § 1213 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 63 / Section 1213
§ 1213. Oath of officers commissioned
Status: in_force

The oath to be taken by officers commissioned in the State Guard shall be substantially in the form prescribed for officers of the National Guard, substituting the words Vermont State Guard where necessary.
20 V.S.A. § 1154 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 61 / Section 1154
§ 1154. Service outside State
Status: in_force

(a) The State Guard shall not be required to serve outside the boundaries of this State except:

(1) Upon the request of the governor of another state, the Governor may, in his or her discretion, order any portion or all of the State Guard to assist the military or police forces of the other state who are actually engaged in defending the other state. The State Guard may be recalled by the Governor at his or her discretion.

(2) Any organization, unit, or detachment of the State Guard, upon order of the officer in immediate command of it, may continue in fresh pursuit of insurrectionists, saboteurs, enemies, or enemy forces beyond the borders of this State into another state until they are apprehended or captured by the organization, unit, or detachment, or until the military or police forces of the other state or of the United States have had a reasonable opportunity to take up the pursuit or to apprehend or capture the persons, provided that the other state shall have given authority by law for the pursuit by the State Guard.

(b) Any person apprehended or captured in another state by an organization, unit, or detachment of the State Guard shall without unnecessary delay be surrendered to the military or police forces of the state in which he or she is taken or to the United States. The surrender of the person who is apprehended or captured shall not constitute a waiver by this State of its right to extradite or prosecute the person for any crime committed in this State.
20 V.S.A. § 2604 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 171 / Section 2604
§ 2604. Preservation of property
Status: in_force

In the name of the district, the prudential committee may make contracts and expenditures for the preservation of property in the district from damage by fire as they deem necessary and draw orders on the treasury for that purpose. However, the committee shall not bind the district for a greater sum than has been voted.
20 V.S.A. § 1971 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 114 / Section 1971
§ 1971. Administrator
Status: in_force

The Commissioner of Public Safety shall be the “administrative head of the state police department” for the purposes of the New England State Police Compact set forth in subchapter 1 of this chapter.
20 V.S.A. § 208 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 8 / Section 208
§ 208. Supplementary agreements - Article VII
Status: in_force

Because it is probable that the pattern and detail of the machinery for mutual aid among two or more jurisdictions may differ from that among the jurisdictions that are party to this Compact, this Compact contains elements of a broad base common to all jurisdictions, and nothing in this Compact precludes any jurisdiction from entering into supplementary agreements with another jurisdiction or affects any other agreements already in force among jurisdictions. Supplementary agreements may include, but are not limited to, provisions for evacuation and reception of injured and other persons and the exchange of medical, fire, public utility, reconnaissance, welfare, transportation and communications personnel, equipment, and supplies.
20 V.S.A. § 207 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 8 / Section 207
§ 207. Liability - Article VI
Status: in_force

Any person or entity of a party jurisdiction rendering aid in another jurisdiction pursuant to this Compact is considered an agent of the requesting jurisdiction for tort liability and immunity purposes. Any person or entity rendering aid in another jurisdiction pursuant to this Compact is not liable on account of any act or omission in good faith on the part of such forces while so engaged or on account of the maintenance or use of any equipment or supplies in connection therewith. Good faith in this article does not include willful misconduct, gross negligence, or recklessness.
20 V.S.A. § 152 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 5 / Section 152
§ 152. Provisions
Status: in_force

Agreements or compacts entered into pursuant to this chapter may include provisions for joint military action against a common enemy; for the protection of bridges, tunnels, ferries, pipelines, communication facilities, and other vital installations, plants, and facilities; for the military support of civil defense agencies; for the fresh pursuit, by the National Guard or other state military forces or any part of such forces, of a signatory into the jurisdiction of any other signatory, of persons acting or appearing to act in the interest of an enemy government, or seeking or appearing to seek to overthrow the government of the United States or of any signatory; for the powers, duties, rights, privileges, and immunities of the members of the National Guard or military forces of any signatory while so engaged outside their own jurisdictions; for other matters of a military nature, or incidental to matters of a military nature that the Governor deems necessary or proper to promote the health, safety, and welfare of the people of this State; for the allocation of all costs and expenses arising from the planning and operation of such agreements or compacts.
20 V.S.A. § 423 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 23 / Section 423
§ 423. Evidence of neglect or default in making returns
Status: in_force

When the Adjutant and Inspector General is complainant for neglect or other default in the submission of required reports and other documents, he or she shall not be required to be present, but his or her certificate shall be prima facie evidence that the required report or document was not properly submitted; and copies of records or papers in the office, duly certified and authenticated by him or her, shall be evidence in all cases as if the originals were produced.
20 V.S.A. § 3344 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 191 / Section 3344
§ 3344. Burial ground
Status: in_force

A person who knowingly turns cattle, horses, sheep, goats, or swine into a properly enclosed burial ground, or who knowingly permits them to run within a properly enclosed burial ground, shall be fined by a law enforcement officer or by a municipal officer or employee not more than $100.00 nor less than $50.00 for each animal running at large.
20 V.S.A. § 1544 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 83 / Section 1544
§ 1544. State pay for military service
Status: in_force

(a) Each enlisted individual in the U.S. Armed Forces subsequent to August 5, 1964 and not later than March 31, 1973 who resided in the State of Vermont at the time of the individual's enlistment or induction into the U.S. Armed Forces shall be entitled to receive from the State, in addition to the pay received from the federal government, the sum of $10.00 for each month not exceeding a total of 12 months served in such forces. Payment may be made upon honorable discharge from service, or upon death in service, or upon honorable separation from active federal service, and in the case of the death of the enlisted individual after discharge and prior to the receipt of payment, it shall be paid to the individual's spouse or, if there is no spouse living, to the next of kin who are lineal heirs.

(b) In case any enlisted individual dies while in service, the individual's spouse or, if there is no spouse living, the next of kin who are lineal heirs shall be entitled to receive from the State the sum of $120.00, except that if any claim is made under this section by a claimant other than a spouse or issue of the deceased, the claim shall not be paid for a period of nine months after the decease of the enlisted individual, and payment made by the State after the nine-month period shall be in and constitute full compliance with this section.

(c) No person shall receive compensation from the State of Vermont under this section if the individual enlisted with the U.S. Armed Forces for a period of six months or less for the sole purpose of training.

(d) No person shall receive compensation from the State of Vermont for any service performed subsequent to the end of the Vietnam era as set forth in 38 U.S.C. § 101, May 7, 1975.
20 V.S.A. § 3924 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 194 / Section 3924
§ 3924. Exemptions
Status: in_force

Duly incorporated humane societies, rescue organizations, or animal shelters that make animals available for adoption are exempt from the requirements of this subchapter.
20 V.S.A. § 2351 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 151 / Section 2351
§ 2351. Creation and purpose of Council
Status: in_force

(a) In order to promote and protect the health, safety, and welfare of the public, it is in the public interest to provide for the creation of the Vermont Criminal Justice Council.

(b) The Council is created to:

(1) encourage and assist municipalities, counties, and governmental agencies of this State in their efforts to improve the quality of law enforcement and citizen protection by maintaining a uniform standard of basic training for law enforcement applicants and in-service training for law enforcement officers; and

(2) maintain statewide standards of law enforcement officer professional conduct by accepting and tracking complaints alleging officer unprofessional conduct, adjudicating charges of unprofessional conduct, and imposing sanctions on the certification of an officer who the Council finds has committed unprofessional conduct.

(c) The Council shall offer and approve continuing programs of instruction in up-to-date methods of law enforcement and the administration of criminal justice.

(d) It is the responsibility of the Council to encourage the participation of local governmental units in the program and to aid in the establishment of adequate training facilities.
20 V.S.A. § 4603 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 203 / Section 4603
§ 4603. Ownership of fingerprint records
Status: in_force

(a) No law enforcement officer or agency shall make or retain duplicates of fingerprint cards or records taken as a part of a program of voluntary fingerprinting.

(b) Fingerprint cards and records created under this chapter shall be given to the parents or guardians of the minor to be held for the benefit of the minor. Such cards and records shall become the property of the person fingerprinted when he or she attains the age of majority.

(c) Fingerprint cards and records created under this chapter shall not be used against the person fingerprinted in any criminal or other judicial proceeding and all cards and records shall prominently state this limitation on their use.
20 V.S.A. § 2362 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 151 / Section 2362
§ 2362. Reports
Status: in_force

(a) Within ten business days:

(1) Elected constables. A town, village, or city clerk shall notify the Council, on a form provided by the Council, of the election, appointment to fill a vacancy under 24 V.S.A. § 963, expiration of term, or reelection of any constable.

(2) Appointed constables and police chiefs. The legislative body of a municipality or its designee shall notify the Council of the appointment or removal of a constable or police chief.

(3) Municipal police officers. A police chief appointed under 24 V.S.A. § 1931 shall notify the Council of the appointment or removal of a police officer under the police chief's direction and control.

(4) State law enforcement officers. The appointing authority of a State agency employing a law enforcement officer shall notify the Council of the appointment or removal of a law enforcement officer employed by that agency.

(5) Sheriffs' officers. A sheriff shall notify the Council of the appointment or removal of a deputy or other law enforcement officer employed by that sheriff's department.

(b) Notification required by this section shall include the name of the constable, police chief, police officer, deputy, or other law enforcement officer, the date of appointment or removal, and the term of office or length of appointment, if any.

(c) A report required by this section may be combined with any report required under subchapter 2 of this chapter.
20 V.S.A. § 3915 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 194 / Section 3915
§ 3915. Health certificate for transport into State
Status: in_force

(a) A dog, cat, ferret, or wolf-hybrid imported into the State for sale, resale, exchange, or donation shall be accompanied by an official health certificate or similar certificate of inspection for the dog, cat, ferret, or wolf-hybrid issued by a veterinarian licensed in the state or country of origin. The certificate shall certify that:

(1) the dog, cat, ferret, or wolf-hybrid has been inspected and is free of visible signs of infections or contagious or communicable disease; and

(2) if the dog, cat, ferret, or wolf-hybrid is more than three months of age, the dog, cat, ferret, or wolf-hybrid has a current rabies vaccination or is a specific breed for which a rabies vaccination is not age-appropriate.

(b) The Agency of Agriculture, Food and Markets may adopt rules regarding the issuance and contents of any certificate required under subsection (a) of this section.
20 V.S.A. § 2053 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 117 / Section 2053
§ 2053. Cooperation with other agencies
Status: in_force

(a) The Center shall cooperate with other State departments and agencies, municipal police departments, sheriffs, and other law enforcement officers in this State and with federal and international law enforcement agencies to develop and carry on a uniform and complete State, interstate, national, and international system of records of commission of crimes and information.

(b)(1) All State departments and agencies, municipal police departments, sheriffs, and other law enforcement officers shall cooperate with and assist the Center in the establishment of a complete and uniform system of records relating to the commission of crimes, arrests, convictions, imprisonment, probation, parole, fingerprints, photographs, stolen property, and other matters relating to the identification and records of persons who have or who are alleged to have committed a crime, or who are missing persons, or who are fugitives from justice.

(2) In order to meet the requirements of subdivision (1) of this subsection, the Center, in consultation with the Vermont Crime Research Group, statewide racial justice groups, and statewide groups representing individuals with lived experience of a mental health condition or psychiatric disability, shall establish and provide training on a uniform list of definitions to be used in entering data into a law enforcement agency's system of records, and every law enforcement officer shall use those definitions when entering data into his or her agency's system.
20 V.S.A. § 3151 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 179 / Section 3151
§ 3151. Definitions
Status: in_force

For the purposes of this chapter:

(1) “Council” means the Vermont Fire Service Training Council.

(2) “Fire service” means activities related to fire prevention, investigation, or suppression, or fire-related rescue.

(3) “Firefighter” means a member of a State, municipal, or county fire department or a privately organized fire department who is responsible for fire suppression, prevention, or investigation, or fire-related rescue.

(4) “Full-time firefighter” means a firefighter who receives compensation for performing fire service duties of a predictable and continuing nature more than 32 hours per week and more than 25 weeks per year.
20 V.S.A. § 3582 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 193 / Section 3582
§ 3582. Dogs or wolf-hybrids obtained after April 1
Status: in_force

A person who becomes the owner after April 1 of a dog or wolf-hybrid six months old or older that has not been licensed, or a person who owns, keeps, or harbors a dog or wolf-hybrid that becomes six months old after April 1, shall within 30 days apply for and obtain a license for the dog or wolf-hybrid in the same manner as the annual license is obtained. If an application under this section is made after October 1, the fee for the license shall be one-half the amount otherwise required. If the license fee is not paid within 30 days, the owner may thereafter procure a license for that license year by paying a license fee of 50 percent in excess of that otherwise required.
20 V.S.A. § 963 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 39 / Section 963
§ 963. Nonjudicial discipline panels
Status: in_force

(a) When a service member elects to have his or her case heard before a nonjudicial discipline panel as provided in section 962 of this subchapter, the panel shall be formed as follows:

(1) The panel shall consist of three members, appointed by the next higher authority of the commanding officer who seeks to impose the nonjudicial discipline.

(2) The members of the panel shall be officers who are senior to the service member requesting the panel. If it is an enlisted service member requesting the panel, there shall be at least one enlisted service member on the panel, but that enlisted service member must be senior to the enlisted service member requesting the panel.

(3) The senior member of the panel shall be the chair. The most junior member shall be the recorder and shall record summaries of the proceedings.

(4) If the nonjudicial discipline is being offered by a general officer, the panel shall consist of three members appointed by the Adjutant and Inspector General with the most senior member being the chair and the most junior member being the recorder, who shall record the summaries of the proceedings.

(b) The panel decision shall be by majority vote. The panel shall have the same authority and responsibility in conducting the proceeding and disposing of the matter, including imposing nonjudicial discipline, as has a commanding officer of the grade of major or above pursuant to this subchapter.

(c)(1) The panel shall forward its recommendation for disposition and imposition of discipline, if any, to the authority who appointed the panel under subsection (a) of this section.

(2)(A) The appointing authority may approve the recommended discipline or any part or amount as the appointing authority sees fit and may suspend, mitigate, or remit the recommended discipline as he or she deems appropriate.

(B) The appointing authority shall not approve any discipline in excess of that recommended by the panel.
20 V.S.A. § 2685 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 173 / Section 2685
§ 2685. Record of fires
Status: in_force

The Fire Marshal shall keep in his or her office a record of every fire occurring in this State that causes serious injury to any person or loss or damage to property in excess of $200.00. He or she shall record all the facts concerning these fires, including statistics as to their extent and the damage caused thereby, and whether the losses were covered by insurance and, if so, in what amount. The record shall be made daily from the reports made to him or her under the provisions of this chapter. All such records shall be public, except information and testimony taken where arson is suspected.
20 V.S.A. § 1911 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 113 / Section 1911
§ 1911. Examinations; appointment; promotion; probation
Status: in_force

The Commissioner shall devise and administer examinations designed to test the qualifications of applicants for positions as State Police and only those applicants shall be appointed or promoted who meet the prescribed standards and qualifications. All State Police shall be on probation for one year from the date of first appointment. Such examinations shall be with the advice of the Department of Human Resources.
20 V.S.A. § 1819 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 111 / Section 1819
§ 1819. Equipment of officers with video recording devices
Status: in_force

The Department shall ensure that all members assigned to the Vermont State Police Field Force Division who routinely engage with members of the public related to the enforcement of laws are equipped with a body camera or other video recording device on his or her person.
20 V.S.A. § 2735 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 173 / Section 2735
§ 2735. State buildings
Status: in_force

The Commissioner shall establish a risk classification system for all State buildings. State buildings classified as high or medium risk shall be inspected at least every five years.
20 V.S.A. § 3350 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 191 / Section 3350
§ 3350. The disposition of feral swine
Status: in_force

(a) The General Assembly finds that feral swine, as defined in 10 V.S.A. § 4709, have the potential for spreading serious disease to domestic livestock, may cause devastating destruction to natural ecosystems, and pose a threat to human health and safety.

(b) In light of the potential impacts of feral swine, and notwithstanding the provisions of law in this chapter, the Department of Fish and Wildlife may destroy or euthanize a feral swine in accordance with the requirements of 10 V.S.A. § 4709(f).

(c) The exercise by the Department of Fish and Wildlife of the authority under 10 V.S.A. § 4709(f) shall not prevent any person from pursuing or collecting the remedies set forth in this chapter.
20 V.S.A. § 2676 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 172 / Section 2676
§ 2676. Definition
Status: in_force

As used in this chapter:

(1) “Rental housing” means:

(A) a “premises” as defined in 9 V.S.A. § 4451 that is subject to 9 V.S.A. chapter 137 (residential rental agreements); and

(B) a “short-term rental” subject to 18 V.S.A. chapter 85, subchapter 7.

(2) “Short-term rental” has the same meaning as in 18 V.S.A. § 4301.
20 V.S.A. § 2406 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 151 / Section 2406
§ 2406. Permitted Council sanctions
Status: in_force

(a) Generally. The Council may impose any of the following sanctions on a law enforcement officer's certification upon its finding that a law enforcement officer committed unprofessional conduct:

(1) written warning;

(2) suspension, but to run concurrently with the length and time of any suspension imposed by a law enforcement agency with an effective internal affairs program, which shall amount to suspension for time already served if an officer has already served a suspension imposed by his or her agency with such a program;

(3) revocation, with the option of recertification at the discretion of the Council; or

(4) permanent revocation.

(b) Intended revocation; temporary voluntary surrender.

(1)(A) If, after an evidentiary hearing, the Council intends to revoke a law enforcement officer's certification due to its finding that the officer committed unprofessional conduct, the Council shall issue a decision to that effect.

(B) Within 10 business days from the date of that decision, such an officer may voluntarily surrender his or her certification if there is a pending labor proceeding related to the Council's unprofessional conduct findings.

(C) A voluntary surrender of an officer's certification shall remain in effect until the labor proceeding and all appeals are finally adjudicated or until the officer requests a final sanction hearing, whichever occurs first, and thereafter until the Council's final sanction hearing on the matter. At that hearing, the Council may modify its findings and decision on the basis of additional evidence, but shall not be bound by any outcome of the labor proceeding.

(2) If an officer fails to voluntarily surrender his or her certification in accordance with subdivision (1) of this subsection, the Council's original findings and decision shall take effect.
20 V.S.A. § 1817 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 111 / Section 1817
§ 1817. Reports of law enforcement officer; accidents involving alcohol
Status: in_force

Any law enforcement officer who, upon investigation of a motor vehicle accident or other incident involving the use of alcohol, shall inquire whether the person involved in the accident or incident was served or furnished alcoholic beverages at a licensed establishment and, if the officer determines that a person was served or furnished alcoholic beverages at a licensed establishment, the officer shall so inform the appropriate licensee or licensees in writing. A law enforcement officer shall not be subject to civil liability for an omission or failure to comply with a provision of this section.
20 V.S.A. § 19 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 1 / Section 19
§ 19. Powers outside town of appointment
Status: in_force

Whenever the employees of any town or city are rendering outside aid pursuant to the authority contained in this chapter, such employees shall have the same powers, duties, rights, privileges, and immunities as if they were performing their duties in the town or city in which they are normally employed.
20 V.S.A. § 2371 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 151 / Section 2371
§ 2371. Statewide policy; Law Enforcement Officers' Code of Conduct
Status: in_force

(a) Creation and modification of Code. The Council shall create, implement, and modify by rule a statewide policy known as the Law Enforcement Officers' Code of Conduct or Code. This Code effectuates the principle that law enforcement officers serve the communities of Vermont and protect all persons against illegal acts in a manner consistent with the high degree of responsibility and respect for human dignity required by the profession.

(b) Application. Each law enforcement officer, as a condition for obtaining and maintaining certification, shall comply with the provisions of the Law Enforcement Officers' Code of Conduct.

(c) Code contents. The Law Enforcement Officers' Code of Conduct shall prohibit the following categories of conduct:

(1) criminal conduct, including conduct defined as “Category A conduct” in section 2401 of this title;

(2) untruthfulness, including in the course of criminal investigations, in law enforcement agencies' internal affairs investigations, in Council investigations, in matters before a tribunal, and in the preparation, administration, or taking of any official examination conducted by a law enforcement agency of the Council;

(3) misuse of official position, including:

(A) sexual misconduct and harassment;

(B) misuse of property and evidence;

(C) solicitation, taking, and giving of bribes; and

(D) use of electronic criminal records database for personal, political, or economic gain;

(4) discrimination and biased enforcement;

(5) unlawful use of force while on duty or under the authority of the State, pursuant to section 2368 of this title, including failure to intervene and report to a supervisor observation of unlawful use of force by another law enforcement officer; and

(6) domestic violence, while on duty or off duty, including attempting to cause or causing physical harm to a family or household member, or placing a family or household member in fear of imminent serious physical harm, or violating the Domestic Violence Involving Law Enforcement Model Policy adopted pursuant to section 2365 of this title.

(d) Supplemental professional conduct policies.

(1) To the extent any provisions of this section or the adopted Code conflicts with the provisions of any law enforcement agency's own policies, the provisions of this chapter and the adopted Code shall prevail.

(2) A law enforcement agency may adopt additional professional conduct policies, provided that these are not in conflict with the provisions of this chapter or the adopted Code.
20 V.S.A. § 2963 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 175 / Section 2963
§ 2963. Payment
Status: in_force

(a) The person, corporation, private volunteer fire department, or political subdivision that is aided pursuant to this subchapter may reimburse the political subdivision or private volunteer fire department furnishing such aid, such compensation for such services as may be agreed upon by a contract between such person, corporation, private volunteer fire department, or political subdivision and the private volunteer fire department or political subdivision furnishing such aid.

(b) Nothing contained in this subchapter shall prevent any assisting private volunteer fire department or political subdivision from assuming all or any part of such loss, damage, expense, or other cost as a result of assistance rendered, or from loaning such equipment, or from donating such services to the receiving private volunteer fire department or political subdivision without charge or cost.
20 V.S.A. § 3075 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 177 / Section 3075
§ 3075. Rules
Status: in_force

The Commissioner of Public Safety may adopt rules under 3 V.S.A. chapter 25 to implement the provisions of this division and to govern the storage, transportation, and the manner of use of explosives as defined in 13 V.S.A. § 1603.
20 V.S.A. § 2965 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 175 / Section 2965
§ 2965. Application to other states
Status: in_force

The provisions of this subchapter shall apply with respect to firefighting forces and equipment of other states of the United States that render services in this State in answer to a call for assistance provided that the laws of any such state contain substantially similar provisions, as certified by the Secretary of State, with respect to firefighting forces and equipment of this State when rendering service in such other state in answer to a call for assistance.
20 V.S.A. § 1934 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 113 / Section 1934
§ 1934. Least intrusive means of collection
Status: in_force

(a) The DNA sample shall be obtained by withdrawing blood, unless the Department determines that a less intrusive means to obtain a scientifically reliable sample is available, in which event such less intrusive means shall be used.

(b) For purposes of this subchapter, a blood sample may only be drawn by a physician, physician assistant, registered nurse, licensed practical nurse, medical technologist, laboratory assistant, or phlebotomist.
20 V.S.A. § 39 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 1 / Section 39
§ 39. Fees to the hazardous substances fund
Status: in_force

(a) Every person required to report the use or storage of hazardous chemicals or substances pursuant to EPCRA shall pay the following annual fees for each hazardous chemical or substance, as defined by the State Emergency Response Commission, that is present at the facility:

(1) $40.00 for quantities between 100 and 999 pounds.

(2) $60.00 for quantities between 1,000 and 9,999 pounds.

(3) $100.00 for quantities between 10,000 and 99,999 pounds.

(4) $290.00 for quantities between 100,000 and 999,999 pounds.

(5) $880.00 for quantities exceeding 999,999 pounds.

(6) An additional fee of $250.00 will be assessed for each extremely hazardous chemical or substance as defined in 42 U.S.C. § 11002.

(b) The fee shall be paid to the Commissioner of Public Safety and shall be deposited into the Hazardous Chemical and Substance Emergency Response Fund.

(c) The following are exempted from paying the fees required by this section but shall comply with the reporting requirements of this chapter:

(1) municipalities and other political subdivisions;

(2) State agencies;

(3) persons engaged in farming as defined in 10 V.S.A. § 6001; and

(4) nonprofit corporations.

(d) No person shall be required to pay a fee for a chemical or substance that has been determined to be an economic poison as defined in 6 V.S.A. § 911 or for a fertilizer or agricultural lime as defined in 6 V.S.A. § 363 and for which a registration or tonnage fee has been paid to the Agency of Agriculture, Food and Markets pursuant to 6 V.S.A. chapter 28 or 81.

(e) The State or any political subdivision, including any municipality, fire district, emergency medical service, or incorporated village, is authorized to recover any and all reasonable direct expenses incurred as a result of the response to and recovery of a hazardous chemical or substance incident from the person or persons responsible for the incident. All funds collected by the State under this subsection shall be deposited into the Hazardous Chemical and Substance Emergency Response Fund created pursuant to subsection 38(b) of this chapter. The Attorney General shall act on behalf of the State to recover these expenses. The State or political subdivision shall be awarded costs and reasonable attorney's fees that are incurred as a result of exercising the provisions of this subsection.

(f)(1) The Department of Public Safety shall have authority to inspect the premises and records of any employer to ensure compliance with the provisions of this chapter and the rules adopted under this chapter.

(2) A person who violates any provision of this chapter or any rule adopted under this chapter shall be fined not more than $1,000.00 for each violation. Each day a violation continues shall be deemed to be a separate violation.

(3) The Attorney General may bring an action for injunctive relief in the Superior Court of the county in which a violation occurs to compel compliance with the provisions of this chapter.
20 V.S.A. § 1823 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 112 / Section 1823
§ 1823. Dissemination of missing person report
Status: in_force

(a) Upon completion of the report, a copy shall promptly be forwarded to the Commissioner of Public Safety, all law enforcement agencies within the jurisdiction where the missing person lives or was last seen, and other law enforcement agencies that can reasonably be expected to be involved in any investigation.

(b) A copy of the report shall also be forwarded to:

(1) all law enforcement agencies to which the complainant reasonably requests the report be sent;

(2) any law enforcement agency requesting a copy of the missing person report; and

(3) all media in the region in which the missing person lives, or was last seen, unless such disclosure would impede an ongoing investigation or unless otherwise requested by the complainant.
20 V.S.A. § 2987 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 175 / Section 2987
§ 2987. Organization
Status: in_force

Upon receipt of a petition pursuant to section 2986 of this subchapter, the State Fire Marshal shall call the first or organization meeting of the system by giving written notice to the chief of each fire department in the system and may invite private fire departments within the designated area to join in the meeting by giving similar notice to them. Each fire department shall send one delegate to the organization and subsequent meetings and shall be entitled to one vote in all proceedings. The delegate shall be the chief of each fire department or his or her designee. At the organization meeting, the members of the system shall adopt articles of association and bylaws and rules for the future government and operation of the system that shall take effect upon submission to and approval by the Attorney General, who shall cause them to be recorded by the Secretary of State. The system shall be deemed to be formally established upon that recording. The organization meeting shall also elect a board of directors consisting of such number as the delegates determine. Delegates and directors need not be residents. The board of directors shall be the governing body of the system and shall serve for terms of one year and until their successors are elected and qualify. The delegates shall choose from their number the officers of the system, except that a secretary or a treasurer, or both, may be nondelegates. All officers shall have such duties and powers as the bylaws provide. Within the limits of available funds, the directors may employ and fix the compensation of agents and other necessary personnel who shall serve at their pleasure and have and exercise such powers and authority as they may delegate to them.
20 V.S.A. § 101 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 4 / Section 101
§ 101. Emergency Management Assistance Compact; adoption
Status: in_force

The State of Vermont hereby adopts the Emergency Management Assistance Compact. The director of the Vermont emergency management services and the Vermont Adjutant General may adopt rules for procedures and practices necessary to implement Vermont's entry into and participation in the Emergency Management Assistance Compact (EMAC).
20 V.S.A. § 1818 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 111 / Section 1818
§ 1818. Law Enforcement Advisory Board
Status: in_force

(a) The Law Enforcement Advisory Board is created within the Department of Public Safety to advise the Commissioner of Public Safety, the Governor, and the General Assembly on issues involving the cooperation and coordination of all agencies that exercise law enforcement responsibilities. The Board shall review any matter that affects more than one law enforcement agency. The Board shall comprise the following members:

(1) the Commissioner of Public Safety;

(2) the Director of the Vermont State Police;

(3) the Director of the Enforcement Division of the Department of Fish and Wildlife;

(4) the Director of the Enforcement and Safety Division of the Department of Motor Vehicles;

(5) the Chief of the Capitol Police Department;

(6) the Director of the Vermont Criminal Justice Services Division;

(7) a member of the Chiefs of Police Association of Vermont, appointed by the President of the Association;

(8) a member of the Vermont Sheriffs' Association, appointed by the President of the Association;

(9) a representative of the Vermont League of Cities and Towns, appointed by the Executive Director of the League;

(10) a member of the Vermont Police Association, appointed by the President of the Association;

(11) the Attorney General or designee;

(12) a State's Attorney appointed by the Executive Director of the Department of State's Attorneys and Sheriffs;

(13) the U.S. Attorney or designee;

(14) the Executive Director of the Vermont Criminal Justice Council;

(15) the Defender General or designee;

(16) one representative of the Vermont Troopers' Association or its successor entity, elected by its membership;

(17) a member of the Vermont Constables Association, appointed by the President of the Association; and

(18) a law enforcement officer, appointed by the President of the Vermont State Employees Association.

(b) The Board shall elect a chair and a vice chair, which positions shall rotate among the various member representatives. Each member shall serve a term of two years. The Board shall meet at the call of the Chair. A quorum shall consist of 10 members, and decisions of the Board shall require the approval of a majority of those members present and voting.

(c) The Board shall undertake an ongoing formal review process of law enforcement policies and practices with a goal of developing a comprehensive approach to providing the best services to Vermonters, given monies available. The Board shall also provide educational resources to Vermonters about public safety challenges in the State.

(d)(1) The Board shall meet not fewer than six times a year to develop policies and recommendations for law enforcement priority needs, including retirement benefits, recruitment of officers, training, homeland security issues, dispatching, and comprehensive drug enforcement.

(2) The Board shall present its findings and recommendations in brief summary form to the House and Senate Committees on Judiciary and on Government Operations annually on or before January 15.
20 V.S.A. § 3349 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 191 / Section 3349
§ 3349. Stallions
Status: in_force

(a) An owner or keeper of a stallion, more than one year old, who intentionally or negligently permits the stallion to run at large out of the enclosure of the owner or keeper, shall be fined for each instance not more than $500.00 nor less than $100.00 and shall also be liable to a party injured for the damage done by the stallion while running at large.

(b) A person who owns or keeps a stallion over one year of age, between April 1 and December 1, in a private enclosure in a manner that disturbs and annoys the owner or occupant of adjoining premises shall be fined $5.00 for each week that the owner or keeper keeps the stallion after the owner or keeper has received three days' notice from an adjoining owner or occupant to remove the stallion.
20 V.S.A. § 2543 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 171 / Section 2543
§ 2543. Board of fire commissioners
Status: in_force

When a town has so voted, the selectboard shall constitute a board of fire commissioners and may purchase all necessary and proper apparatus for the prevention and extinguishment of fires.
20 V.S.A. § 541 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 27 / Section 541
§ 541. Board of Armory Commissioners; members
Status: in_force

The Governor, the Adjutant and Inspector General, and the senior commander of the Vermont Army National Guard shall, ex officio, constitute the Board of Armory Commissioners. The Governor shall be the Chair of the Board and the Adjutant and Inspector General shall be the Secretary.
20 V.S.A. § 1913 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 113 / Section 1913
§ 1913. Uniforms and equipment
Status: in_force

Within the appropriation for the Department, the Commissioner shall provide the State Police, and such other members as he or she may designate, with uniforms and all members with the equipment necessary in the performance of their respective duties, which shall remain the property of the State. The Commissioner may sell such equipment as may become unfit for use, and all monies received from the sale shall be paid into the State Treasury and credited to the Department's appropriation. The Commissioner shall keep an inventory and shall charge against each member all property of the Department issued to him or her, and if the Commissioner shall determine that a loss or destruction was due to the carelessness or neglect of the member, the value of the property shall be deducted from his or her pay.
20 V.S.A. § 1214 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 63 / Section 1214
§ 1214. Term of enlistment; oath
Status: in_force

The term of enlistment for enlisted members of the State Guard shall be for either one year or three years and may be renewed, subject to the termination or suspension of the authority for the State Guard. The oath to be taken upon enlistment in the State Guard shall be substantially in the form prescribed for enlisted members of the National Guard, substituting the words Vermont State Guard where necessary.
20 V.S.A. § 1716 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 87 / Section 1716
§ 1716. Chief Executive Officer
Status: repealed

The Chief Executive Officer shall be the chief administrative officer of the Home and shall exercise general supervision over the business and affairs of the Home. In addition to other duties, the Chief Executive Officer shall:

(1) Attend meetings of the Board and act as its treasurer.

(2) Make reports concerning the Home to the Board at such times and in such detail as the Board directs, together with recommendations the Chief Executive Officer deems appropriate for the welfare and care of the residents of the Home.

(3) Report annually to the Senate Committee on Economic Development, Housing and General Affairs and the House and Senate Committees on Appropriations regarding the Home's budget. The provisions of 2 V.S.A. § 20(d) (expiration of required reports) shall not apply to the report to be made under this subdivision.

(4) Subject to approval of the Board, appoint a deputy or an executive assistant, a private secretary, a Marketing and Admissions Coordinator, a Financial Director, an Environmental Services Manager, and a Nursing Services Director, all of whom shall be appointed for an indefinite term and shall be subject to removal upon a majority vote of the Board. These positions shall be exempt from the State's classified service.

(5) Appoint all other employees necessary for the efficient management of the Home, all of whom shall be classified State employees subject to the provisions of Vermont statutes.

(6) Supervise and direct all employees of the Home and prescribe their duties not otherwise established by the Board or by State or federal law.

(7) Ensure that all laws, rules, and policies pertaining to the Home are observed.

(8) Prepare policies related to operation of the Home, subject to approval by the Board.

(9) Collect all sums due and payable to the Home and transfer the same to the State Treasurer when received.

(10) Perform such other duties as may be directed by the Board to carry out the purposes of this chapter.

(11) [Repealed.]
20 V.S.A. § 2982 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 175 / Section 2982
§ 2982. Private and volunteer fire department may enter into mutual aid agreements
Status: in_force

A private and volunteer fire department may enter into a district fire mutual aid system, which shall be a public municipal corporation, as provided under sections 2986 through 2992 of this title.
20 V.S.A. § 2052 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 117 / Section 2052
§ 2052. Director
Status: in_force

The Commissioner of Public Safety shall appoint a qualified person as Director of the Center.
20 V.S.A. § 2487 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 171 / Section 2487
§ 2487. Clerk
Status: in_force

The clerk shall keep a record of the meetings, votes, and proceedings of such district for the inspection of the inhabitants thereof.
20 V.S.A. § 3590 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 193 / Section 3590
§ 3590. List of dogs and wolf-hybrids not licensed
Status: in_force

(a) The legislative body shall annually designate one or more persons to maintain a list of unlicensed, inoculated, and licensed dogs and wolf-hybrids owned or kept in their municipality and to submit the list to the municipal clerk.

(b) On receiving a list of dogs and wolf-hybrids from persons authorized by the legislative body, the municipal clerk shall notify the owners or keepers of all dogs and wolf-hybrids named on the list that have not already been licensed or inoculated and after May 30 shall furnish to the legislative body a list of dogs and wolf-hybrids not licensed or inoculated as required by law. Owners shall also be notified that unlicensed or uninoculated dogs or wolf-hybrids may be destroyed.
20 V.S.A. § 41 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 1 / Section 41
§ 41. State Emergency Management Plan
Status: in_force

The Division of Emergency Management, in consultation with stakeholders, shall create, and republish as needed, but not less than every five years, a comprehensive State Emergency Management Plan. The Plan shall:

(1) detail response systems during all-hazards events, including communications; coordination among State, local, private, and volunteer entities; and the deployment of State and federal resources;

(2) detail the State's emergency preparedness measures and goals, including those for the prevention of, protection against, mitigation of, and recovery from all-hazards events; and

(3) include templates and guidance for regional emergency management and for local emergency plans that support municipalities in their respective emergency management planning.
20 V.S.A. § 3913 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 194 / Section 3913
§ 3913. Euthanasia certification
Status: in_force

(a) The Secretary of Agriculture, Food and Markets shall establish rules for a euthanasia training program and certification process for persons completing the program.

(b) The Secretary of Agriculture, Food and Markets shall establish rules for the possession and use of euthanasia solutions by registered animal shelters that utilize certified euthanasia technicians. The rules shall identify euthanasia solutions that may be used, techniques for the proper handling and storage of solutions and requirements for recordkeeping, and address any other matter deemed necessary by the Secretary.

(c) The Secretary of Agriculture, Food and Markets may revoke or suspend certification upon violation of the rules adopted under this section.

(d) The rules shall comply with all applicable federal drug enforcement standards.

(e) The Secretary of Agriculture, Food and Markets has no responsibility to enforce any other statute relating to the abuse of narcotics or other regulated substance unless specifically authorized by such statute.
20 V.S.A. § 1956 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 114 / Section 1956
§ 1956. Additional meetings and services-Article VI
Status: in_force

The members of the Conference from any two or more party states, upon notice to the chairman as to the time and purpose of the meeting, may meet as a section for the discussion of problems common to their states. Any two or more party states may designate the Conference as a joint agency to maintain for them such additional common services as they may deem desirable for combating organized crime. Except in those cases where all party states join in such designation for common services, the representative of any group of such designating states in the Conference shall constitute a separate section of such Conference for the performance of the common service or services so designated provided that, if any additional expense is involved, the state so acting shall provide the necessary funds for this purpose. The creation of such a section or joint agency shall not affect the privileges, powers, responsibilities or duties of the states participating therein as embodied in the other articles of this Compact.
20 V.S.A. § 18 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 1 / Section 18
§ 18. Personnel requirements and nonsubversion
Status: in_force

No person shall be employed or associated in any capacity in any emergency management organization established under this chapter who advocates a change by force or violence in the constitutional form of the government of the United States or in this State or the overthrow of any government in the United States by force or violence, or who has been convicted of or is under indictment or information charging any subversive act against the United States. Each person who is employed by an emergency management organization established under this chapter and whose access to facilities, materials, or information requires a security clearance, as determined by the Commissioner, shall be subject to a background check and a criminal history record check.
20 V.S.A. § 2306 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 145 / Section 2306
§ 2306. Rights of innocent owner
Status: in_force

Nothing contained in subsection 2305(b) of this title shall prejudice the rights of the bona fide owner of any unlawful firearm, the disposition of which is governed by that subsection, upon affirmative proof by him or her that he or she had no express or implied knowledge that such unlawful firearm was being or intended to be used illegally or for illegal purposes. If the bona fide owner provides reasonable and satisfactory proof of his or her ownership and of his or her lack of express or implied knowledge to the Commissioner of Public Safety, the unlawful firearm shall be returned to him or her. If the Commissioner of Public Safety determines that the proof offered is not satisfactory or reasonable, the person may, within 14 days, request a hearing before the Commissioner of Buildings and General Services and the Commissioner of Public Safety, jointly. The Commissioner of Buildings and General Services and the Commissioner of Public Safety shall promptly hold a hearing on any claim filed under this section, in accordance with the provisions for contested cases in 3 V.S.A. chapter 25.
20 V.S.A. § 1876 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 113 / Section 1876
§ 1876. Headquarters and stations; equipment
Status: in_force

The Commissioner shall establish headquarters and stations in such localities as he or she deems advisable for the enforcement of the laws of the State, and to that end, within the limits of appropriations, he or she may lease, or otherwise acquire, in the name of the State the right to use and maintain lands and buildings, and may purchase or otherwise acquire horses, motor equipment, and other supplies including radio and all other equipment and services the Commissioner deems essential for the needs of the Department or its members in carrying out their duties. The Commissioner may discontinue a headquarters or station, where he or she determines such action to be desirable. The Commissioner may sell such property as shall have become unnecessary or unfit for further use, and all monies received from the sale shall be paid into the State Treasury and credited to the appropriation for the Department.
20 V.S.A. § 2884 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 173 / Section 2884
§ 2884. Qualifications of inspectors
Status: in_force

(a) Examination. All boiler inspectors shall have passed the examination required by the National Board of Boiler and Pressure Vessel Inspectors, and hold annual certification from that Board.

(b) Education. The Commissioner shall require each boiler inspector to complete an education module regarding the State's energy goals and how the boiler inspection profession can further those goals.

(1) The education module shall be not more than two hours and shall be required as a condition of initial authorization and authorization renewal. The module shall include education on any State or utility incentives relevant to the profession.

(A) The education module for initial authorization shall provide general information regarding the State's energy goals.

(B) The education module for authorization renewal shall provide any updates on the State's energy goals and any updates regarding corresponding State energy programs applicable to the profession.

(2) The Commissioner shall consider any recommendations on these education modules provided by relevant stakeholders and approve education modules in consultation with the Agency of Natural Resources and the Department of Public Service.
20 V.S.A. § 609 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 29 / Section 609
§ 609. Stay of legal proceedings because of service in National Guard
Status: in_force

(a)(1) If a member of the Vermont National Guard who is ordered to State active duty by the Governor is a party to a civil or administrative proceeding in any Vermont court, the proceeding:

(A) may be stayed by the court on its own motion; or

(B) shall be stayed by application of the member or person acting on behalf of the member, unless the court finds that the proceeding would not be materially affected by reason of the member's absence or that the member can participate by telephone or other electronic means.

(2) A motion for a stay under this subsection may be filed or the court may issue a stay at any time during the period of State active duty. Any stay issued shall not remain in effect for more than 30 days after the completion of State active duty.

(b) An application for a stay pursuant to subdivision (a)(1)(B) of this section shall include a letter or other communication from the member or a person on his or her behalf setting forth facts stating the manner in which the member's duty requirements materially affect the member's ability to appear and stating a date when the member is expected to be available to appear, together with any necessary information from the member's commanding officer.

(c)(1) This section shall not apply to:

(A) proceedings involving relief from abuse orders under 15 V.S.A. chapter 21, subchapter 1;

(B) proceedings involving orders against stalking or sexual assault under 12 V.S.A. chapter 178;

(C) proceedings involving abuse prevention orders for vulnerable adults under 33 V.S.A. chapter 69, subchapter 1; or

(D) civil operator's license suspension proceedings under 23 V.S.A. § 1205.

(2) If a service member is unable to appear at a hearing due to responsibilities related to State active duty service, the court may issue interim or ex parte orders in proceedings identified in subdivision (1)(A), (B), or (C) of this subsection, and the Department of Motor Vehicles may suspend a civil operator's license. If the court issued any order while the member was on State active duty, upon the member's return, he or she shall, upon request, be entitled to a hearing and the opportunity to move to strike or modify the order or suspension issued in his or her absence. If the civil operator's license is reinstated, there shall be no reinstatement fee.
20 V.S.A. § 1701 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 86 / Section 1701
§ 1701. Term of Vietnam War era
Status: in_force

For purposes of the Veterans' Affairs archives, the term of the Vietnam War era shall be July 1, 1958 to May 15, 1975.
20 V.S.A. § 1156 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 61 / Section 1156
§ 1156. Uniform Code of Military Justice in relation to courts-martial
Status: in_force

Whenever the State Guard, or any part of it, is ordered out for active service, the Uniform Code of Military Justice applicable to members of the National Guard in relation to courts-martial, their jurisdiction, and the limits of punishment and any rules and regulations adopted pursuant to the Uniform Code of Military Justice shall apply to the Vermont State Guard.
20 V.S.A. § 3814 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 193 / Section 3814
§ 3814. Findings
Status: in_force

The General Assembly finds:

(1) The supply of dogs, cats, and wolf-hybrids in Vermont is a major concern.

(2) There are insufficient resources in this State to care for or provide homes for these animals.

(3) Many of these animals are ultimately euthanized or become victims of accidents, starvation, or disease.

(4) Pet owners who have limited economic resources have great difficulty affording the cost of professional spaying and neutering services.
20 V.S.A. § 2885 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 173 / Section 2885
§ 2885. Penalties
Status: in_force

The Commissioner may assess penalties pursuant to section 2734 of this title against a person who violates this subchapter or any rule adopted under this subchapter.
20 V.S.A. § 3073 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 177 / Section 3073
§ 3073. Fees
Status: in_force

The fee for applications for licenses shall be $50.00 for residents of the State and $100.00 for nonresidents. Initial licenses shall be for a term of one year. License renewals shall be for three years for a fee of $75.00 for residents and $150.00 for nonresidents. Fees collected under this section shall be credited to a special fund and shall be available to the Department of Public Safety to offset the cost of providing the service.
20 V.S.A. § 1822 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 112 / Section 1822
§ 1822. Missing person report
Status: in_force

Upon receiving a complaint, the law enforcement agency shall promptly prepare a missing person report. The report shall include all information contained in the missing person complaint and any information or evidence gathered by a preliminary investigation, if one was made.
20 V.S.A. § 2903 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 174 / Section 2903
§ 2903. Exemptions
Status: in_force

(a) The following are exempt from the provisions of this chapter, unless compliance with access standards is required by federal law:

(1) Alterations to privately funded and operated dwelling units consisting of two or more stories within a single dwelling unit. This exemption shall not apply to alterations of dwelling units that are operated by State or local government or units that receive federal financial assistance to alter the unit or to provide rental assistance to an altered unit.

(2) Apartments or rooming houses, cooperatives, condominiums, and other residential buildings consisting of three living units or less.

(3) Alterations to the dwelling unit in a public building in which the owner of the public building resides.

(b) Unless required by federal law, dwelling units that consist of three stories or less and two- or three-story retail establishments with a total of 15,000 square feet or less shall be exempt from any requirements pertaining to the installation of elevators. All other multistory buildings shall be provided with vertical access unless the building is exempted from this requirement pursuant to a rule of the Access Board.

(c) Unless required by federal law, any single dwelling unit of two or more stories within a building consisting of four or more dwelling units is not required to have a vertical access within the dwelling unit, provided that five percent of the dwelling units or one unit, whichever is greater, has an accessible entrance, and all the dwelling units meet or exceed the minimum standards required in section 2907 of this title.
20 V.S.A. § 2728 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 173 / Section 2728
§ 2728. Director of Fire Safety
Status: in_force

There shall be a Director of Fire Safety, who shall be responsible for the operation and supervision of the Fire Safety Division of the Department of Public Safety. The Director shall report directly to the Commissioner and shall serve as a member of the Fire Service Training Council. The Director shall be an exempt State employee and shall be appointed by the Commissioner, with the approval of the Governor.
20 V.S.A. § 3384 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 191 / Section 3384
§ 3384. Security to poundkeeper
Status: in_force

When a person impounds an animal, the poundkeeper may require sufficient security to indemnify him or her for liability for detaining the animal and for supplying it with food and drink while in the pound. If the person so impounding does not furnish such security within 24 hours, he or she may release the animal and deliver the same to the owner or keeper, and the person impounding the animal shall be liable to the poundkeeper for his or her costs, trouble, and expense.
20 V.S.A. § 1872 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 113 / Section 1872
§ 1872. Duties of Commissioner generally
Status: in_force

The Commissioner shall be the chief enforcement officer of all the statutes and rules pertaining to the law of the road and the display of lights on vehicles. In addition, the Commissioner shall supervise and direct the activities of the State Police and of the Vermont Crime Information Center and, as Fire Marshal, be responsible for enforcing the laws pertaining to the investigation of fires, the prevention of fires, the promotion of fire safety, and the delivery of fire service training.
20 V.S.A. § 3909 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 194 / Section 3909
§ 3909. Sale of animals by humane society
Status: in_force

The board of directors of an incorporated humane society shall determine the method of disposition of animals released by it. Any proceeds derived from the sale of animals by the society shall be paid to the clerk or treasurer of the humane society, and no part of the proceeds shall accrue to any individual. Proceeds from the sale of animals by any person authorized by a municipality to dispose of such animals shall revert to the treasury of the municipality.
20 V.S.A. § 4506 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 201 / Section 4506
§ 4506. Action on application
Status: in_force

(a) The permit officer shall:

(1) issue the permit as requested; or

(2) issue the permit subject to any conditions authorized in section 4507 of this title, which he or she deems necessary to protect the public health and safety; or

(3) apply to the Superior Court for an order enjoining the holding of the public assembly if conditions cannot be imposed that will protect the public health and safety. If the permit officer fails to act on the application within ten days of the assembly, he or she is deemed to have granted the permit as requested.

(b) The permit officer shall give the applicant immediate notice in writing of his or her action on the application.

(c) By agreement in writing the applicant and the permit officer may modify the time requirements of section 4503 of this title.
20 V.S.A. § 3072 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 177 / Section 3072
§ 3072. Issuance of license
Status: in_force

(a) Any person who is at least 18 years of age may apply to the Commissioner of Public Safety for a license to possess, purchase, store, use, transport, give, transfer, or sell explosives, as defined in 13 V.S.A. § 1603, in this State for not more than one year from the date of issue.

(b) An applicant for a license shall be entitled to the issuance of the license upon the submission of evidence, under oath, that satisfies the Commissioner of Public Safety that the applicant:

(1) has a reasonable and lawful purpose for possessing, purchasing, storing, using, transporting, giving, transferring, or selling explosives;

(2) has not been convicted of an offense with a maximum term of imprisonment that exceeds one year within the seven years preceding the application;

(3) has not been adjudged incompetent to stand trial or not guilty by reason of insanity, or has not been indicted by reason of insanity pursuant to 13 V.S.A. § 4817, 4818, or 4819 by a court of competent jurisdiction in this or any other jurisdiction; and

(4) demonstrates that he or she is competent to possess, purchase, store, use, transport, give, transfer, or sell the explosives, as the case may be.

(c) The application for a license shall be in duplicate on forms provided by the Commissioner of Public Safety and shall bear the name, address, and signature of the licensee or an officer of the licensee. The original shall be delivered to the licensee and the duplicate shall be preserved for three years by the Commissioner of Public Safety.

(d) The license shall be issued or denied within 15 days after the application is submitted. If the application is denied, the reasons for the denial shall be stated in writing with a copy mailed to the applicant.

(e) The Commissioner of Public Safety may revoke any license issued under this division if, in his or her opinion, the holder has violated any provision of this division or of 13 V.S.A. §§ 1603-1611, or is ineligible to acquire explosives or to obtain a license under this section. A written notice of a revocation of a license by the Commissioner of Public Safety shall be given to the holder of the license in person or by certified mail prior to or concurrently with the effective date of the revocation. The notice shall state specific grounds upon which the revocation is based.
20 V.S.A. § 2542 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 171 / Section 2542
§ 2542. Powers generally
Status: in_force

A town functioning as a fire district under this chapter shall have all the powers, so far as the same may be applicable, now given to fire districts by sections 2601-2607 and 2671-2675 of this title.
20 V.S.A. § 1715 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 87 / Section 1715
§ 1715. President of the Board
Status: in_force

The President of the Board shall:

(1) preside over all meetings of the Board and ensure adherence to bylaws adopted by the Board;

(2) act as agent of the Home in the execution of all legal documents pertaining to the Home, as authorized by the Board;

(3) report to the Governor at least once annually on all matters concerning the Board and the Home; and

(4) file annual audited financial statements with the Commissioner of Finance and Management.
20 V.S.A. § 31 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 1 / Section 31
§ 31. State Emergency Response Commission; duties
Status: in_force

(a) The Commission shall have authority to:

(1) Carry out all the requirements of a commission under the Emergency Planning and Community Right-To-Know Act, 42 U.S.C. §§ 11001-11050 (1986) (EPCRA).

(2) Adopt rules necessary for the implementation of EPCRA and for the reporting of hazardous chemicals or substances, including setting minimum limits on the level of hazardous chemicals to be reported.

(3) Designate and appoint local emergency planning committees.

(4) Review and comment on the development and implementation of local emergency plans by the local emergency planning committee and provide assistance to that committee in executing its duties.

(5) Review and comment on the comprehensive State Emergency Management Plan and the local emergency planning committee plans.

(6) Meet with interested parties, which may include representatives of the carrier industry shippers, and State and local agencies having an interest, responsibility, or expertise concerning hazardous materials.

(7) Ensure that the State Emergency Management Plan will go into effect when an accident occurs involving the transportation of hazardous materials. The Plan shall be exercised at least once annually and shall be coordinated with local and State emergency plans.

(8) Jointly adopt rules concerning reportable quantities of economic poison as defined in 6 V.S.A. § 911(5) with the Agency of Agriculture, Food and Markets. The Commission may enter into contracts with governmental agencies or private organizations to carry out the duties of this section.

(9) Recommend funding for awards to be made by the Commissioner for planning, training, exercises, and response capabilities from funds that are available from federal sources or through the Hazardous Substances Fund created in section 38 of this title. The Commission may create committees as necessary for other related purposes and delegate funding recommendation powers to those committees.

(b) The Department of Public Safety shall provide administrative support to the State Emergency Response Commission.
20 V.S.A. § 2734 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 173 / Section 2734
§ 2734. Penalties
Status: in_force

(a) A person who violates any provision of this subchapter or any order or rule issued pursuant to this subchapter shall be fined not more than $10,000.00. The State's Attorney of the county in which the violation occurs shall prosecute the violation and may commence a proceeding in the Superior Court to compel compliance with the order or rule, and the court may make orders and decrees in relation to the proceeding by way of writ of injunction or otherwise.

(b) A person who fails to comply with a lawful order issued under authority of this subchapter in case of sudden emergency shall be fined not more than $20,000.00. A person who fails to comply with an order requiring notice shall be fined $200.00 for each day's neglect commencing with the effective date of the order or the date the order is finally determined if an appeal has been filed.

(c) The Commissioner may, after notice and opportunity for hearing, assess an administrative penalty of not more than $1,000.00 for each violation of this subchapter or any rule adopted under this subchapter. Penalties assessed pursuant to this subsection shall be based on the severity of the violation. An election by the Commissioner to proceed under this subsection shall not limit or restrict the Commissioner's authority under subsection (a) of this section.

(d) Violation of any rule adopted under this subchapter shall be prima facie evidence of negligence in any civil action for damage or injury that is the result of the violation.
20 V.S.A. § 3587 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 193 / Section 3587
§ 3587. Dogs brought into State
Status: in_force

Without obtaining a Vermont license, a person may bring or cause to be brought into the State for a period not exceeding 90 days one or more licensed dog or dogs bearing the identification of the owner, provided that the owner possesses a certificate signed by a licensed veterinarian or a State official of any other state that the dog has received a rabies vaccination that is current for the 90 days following entry into the State.
20 V.S.A. § 4622 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 205 / Section 4622
§ 4622. Law enforcement use of drones
Status: in_force

(a) Except as provided in subsection (c) of this section, a law enforcement agency shall not use a drone or information acquired through the use of a drone for the purpose of investigating, detecting, or prosecuting crime.

(b)(1) A law enforcement agency shall not use a drone to gather or retain data on private citizens peacefully exercising their constitutional rights of free speech and assembly.

(2) This subsection shall not be construed to prohibit a law enforcement agency from using a drone:

(A) for observational, public safety purposes that do not involve gathering or retaining data; or

(B) pursuant to a warrant obtained under Rule 41 of the Vermont Rules of Criminal Procedure.

(c) A law enforcement agency may use a drone and may disclose or receive information acquired through the operation of a drone if the drone is operated:

(1) for a purpose other than the investigation, detection, or prosecution of crime, including search and rescue operations and aerial photography for the assessment of accidents, forest fires and other fire scenes, flood stages, and storm damage; or

(2) pursuant to:

(A) a warrant obtained under Rule 41 of the Vermont Rules of Criminal Procedure; or

(B) a judicially recognized exception to the warrant requirement.

(d)(1) When a drone is used pursuant to subsection (c) of this section, the drone shall be operated in a manner intended to collect data only on the target of the surveillance and to avoid data collection on any other person, home, or area.

(2) Facial recognition or any other biometric matching technology shall not be used on any data that a drone collects on any person, home, or area other than the target of the surveillance.

(3)(A) If a law enforcement agency uses a drone in exigent circumstances pursuant to subdivision (c)(2)(B) of this section, the agency shall obtain a search warrant for the use of the drone within 48 hours after the use commenced.

(B) If the court denies an application for a warrant filed pursuant to subdivision (A) of this subdivision (d)(3):

(i) use of the drone shall cease immediately; and

(ii) information or evidence gathered through use of the drone shall be destroyed.

(e) Information or evidence gathered in violation of this section shall be inadmissible in any judicial or administrative proceeding.
20 V.S.A. § 23 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 1 / Section 23
§ 23. General powers not limited by specific powers
Status: in_force

The general powers provided for in this chapter shall not be limited by any specific powers granted to the Governor by any of the provisions of this chapter.
20 V.S.A. § 3065 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 177 / Section 3065
§ 3065. Penalties
Status: in_force

(a) A person who knowingly violates, or causes to be violated, a provision of sections 3062-3064 of this title, or a regulation made by the Public Utility Commission in pursuance thereof, shall be imprisoned not more than 18 months or fined not more than $2,000.00, or both.

(b) When the death or bodily injury of a person is caused by the explosion of any explosive named in sections 3062-3064 and 3091-3092 of this title, while the same is being placed upon a vessel or vehicle to be transported in violation hereof, or while the same is being so transported, or while the same is being removed from such vessel or vehicle, the person who knowingly places or aids or permits the placement of such explosives upon such vessel or vehicle to be so transported shall be imprisoned not more than ten years.
20 V.S.A. § 2862 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 173 / Section 2862
§ 2862. Assistance of State's Attorney in investigation
Status: in_force

Upon request of the Fire Marshal or the Deputy Fire Marshal, a State's Attorney shall assist such officers in an investigation of a fire that in their opinion is of suspicious origin.
20 V.S.A. § 1813 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 111 / Section 1813
§ 1813. Law enforcement duties generally
Status: repealed

The Department shall, in addition to the other law enforcement duties set forth in this title, administer and enforce the law pertaining to the following subjects:

(1) the patrol of highways and the operation of traffic thereon;

(2) [Repealed.]

(3) the Office of the State Fire Marshal.
20 V.S.A. § 2921 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 175 / Section 2921
§ 2921. Powers and duties of official in charge
Status: in_force

In towns that do not maintain a firefighting force and are served by a volunteer fire department, the official in charge of such volunteer fire department or in his or her absence the assistant highest in rank present at a fire shall have the powers and duties of a chief engineer provided in section 2673 of this title.
20 V.S.A. § 28 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 1 / Section 28
§ 28. Emergency management medical program
Status: in_force

The Department of Health is hereby directed, within the limits of appropriations and grants made to it, and in coordination with local, State, and federal emergency management officials, to plan, develop, and implement a comprehensive emergency management medical program to protect and assist the people of the State in an all-hazards event.
20 V.S.A. § 2057 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 117 / Section 2057
§ 2057. Information
Status: in_force

From time to time but at least annually, the Center shall publish information relating to criminal activity, arrests, convictions, and such other information as the Commissioner deems relevant.
20 V.S.A. § 1582 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 84 / Section 1582
§ 1582. Rules
Status: in_force

The Vermont Veterans' Memorial Cemetery Advisory Board may adopt rules under the provisions of 3 V.S.A. chapter 25 relating to acquisition of land; design of the cemetery, its buildings, and grave markers; eligibility for burial; and any other matters necessary to establish and maintain the Vermont Veterans' Memorial Cemetery.
20 V.S.A. § 3419 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 191 / Section 3419
§ 3419. Sale of animals
Status: in_force

If the owner or keeper of an animal impounded does not, within 48 hours after notice thereof, replevy or redeem the same, the impounder may advertise and sell the animal, as provided when the owner is unknown.
20 V.S.A. § 4601 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 203 / Section 4601
§ 4601. Purpose
Status: in_force

It is the purpose of this chapter to allow State and local law enforcement agencies to assist in providing fingerprint records of minors to their parents or guardians who so request and to ensure the classifiability of the fingerprints so taken.
20 V.S.A. § 3414 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 191 / Section 3414
§ 3414. Liability for failure to give notice
Status: in_force

If a person so impounding an animal does not give such notice, he or she shall forfeit to such owner or keeper $0.50 for every 24 hours' neglect so to do, and shall pay the damages that such owner or keeper sustains in consequence thereof, to be recovered with costs in a civil action.
20 V.S.A. § 2368 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 151 / Section 2368
§ 2368. Standards for law enforcement use of force
Status: in_force

(a) Definitions. As used in this section:

(1) “Chokehold” means the use of any maneuver on a person that employs a lateral vascular neck restraint, carotid restraint, or other action that applies any pressure to the throat, windpipe, or neck in a manner that limits the person's breathing or blood flow.

(2) “Deadly force” means any use of force that creates a substantial risk of causing death or serious bodily injury.

(3) “Force” means the physical coercion employed by a law enforcement officer to compel a person's compliance with the officer's instructions.

(4) “Imminent threat of death or serious bodily injury” means when, based on the totality of the circumstances, a reasonable officer in the same situation would believe that a person has the present ability, opportunity, and apparent intent to immediately cause death or serious bodily injury to the law enforcement officer or another person. An imminent threat is not merely a fear of future harm, no matter how great the fear and no matter how great the likelihood of the harm, but is one that, from appearances, must be immediately addressed and confronted.

(5) “Law enforcement officer” has the same meaning as in section 2351a of this title.

(6) “Totality of the circumstances” means the conduct and decisions of the law enforcement officer leading up to the use of force and all facts known to the law enforcement officer at the time, including the conduct of the person or persons involved.

(b) Use of force.

(1) Whether the decision by a law enforcement officer to use force was objectively reasonable shall be evaluated from the perspective of a reasonable officer in the same situation, based on the totality of the circumstances. A law enforcement officer's failure to use feasible and reasonable alternatives to force shall be a consideration for whether its use was objectively reasonable.

(2) A law enforcement officer shall use only the force objectively reasonable, necessary, and proportional to effect an arrest, to prevent escape, or to overcome resistance of a person the officer has reasonable cause to believe has committed a crime or to achieve any other lawful law enforcement objective.

(3) The authority of law enforcement to use physical force is a serious responsibility that shall be exercised judiciously and with respect for human rights and dignity and for the sanctity of every human life. Every person has a right to be free from excessive use of force by officers acting under authority of the State.

(4) The decision by a law enforcement officer to use force shall be evaluated carefully and thoroughly, in a manner that reflects the gravity of that authority and the serious consequences of the use of force by law enforcement officers, in order to ensure that officers use force consistent with law and with agency policies.

(5) When a law enforcement officer knows that a subject's conduct is the result of a medical condition, mental impairment, developmental disability, physical limitation, language barrier, drug or alcohol impairment, or other factor beyond the subject's control, the officer shall take that information into account in determining the amount of force appropriate to use on the subject, if any.

(6) A law enforcement officer who makes or attempts to make an arrest need not retreat or desist from his or her efforts by reason of the resistance or threatened resistance of the person being arrested. A law enforcement officer shall not be deemed an aggressor or lose the right to self-defense by the use of proportional force if necessary in compliance with subdivision (2) of this subsection to effect the arrest or to prevent escape or to overcome resistance. For the purposes of this subdivision, “retreat” does not mean tactical repositioning or other de-escalation tactics.

(7) A law enforcement officer has a duty to intervene when the officer observes another officer using a chokehold on a person.

(c) Use of deadly force.

(1) A law enforcement officer is justified in using deadly force upon another person only when, based on the totality of the circumstances, such force is objectively reasonable and necessary to:

(A) defend against an imminent threat of death or serious bodily injury to the officer or to another person; or

(B) apprehend a fleeing person for any felony that threatened or resulted in death or serious bodily injury if the officer reasonably believes that the person will cause death or serious bodily injury to another unless immediately apprehended.

(2) The use of deadly force is necessary when, given the totality of the circumstances, an objectively reasonable law enforcement officer in the same situation would conclude that there was no reasonable alternative to the use of deadly force that would prevent death or serious bodily injury to the officer or to another person.

(3) A law enforcement officer shall cease the use of deadly force as soon as the subject is under the officer's control or no longer poses an imminent threat of death or serious bodily injury to the officer or to another person.

(4) A law enforcement officer shall not use deadly force against a person based on the danger that person poses to himself or herself if an objectively reasonable officer would believe the person does not pose an imminent threat of death or serious bodily injury to the law enforcement officer or to another person.

(5) When feasible, a law enforcement officer shall, prior to the use of force, make reasonable efforts to identify himself or herself as a law enforcement officer and to warn that deadly force may be used.

(6) A law enforcement officer shall not use a chokehold on a person unless deadly force is justified pursuant to subdivisions (1)-(4) of this subsection.
20 V.S.A. § 3411 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 191 / Section 3411
§ 3411. Right to impound
Status: in_force

A person may impound an animal found in his or her enclosure doing damage.
20 V.S.A. § 3541a — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 193 / Section 3541a
§ 3541a. Feral animals; responsibility
Status: in_force

It is not the intent of the General Assembly to require a person to be responsible under this chapter for a feral animal that takes up residence in a building other than the person's home, even if the person occasionally provides feed to the animal.
20 V.S.A. § 1845 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 112 / Section 1845
§ 1845. Search and rescue report; response
Status: in_force

(a) Report of a person missing; response.

(1) A law enforcement agency taking a report of any person missing in the backcountry, remote areas, or waters of the State shall immediately:

(A) respond and take immediate action to locate the person reported missing; and

(B) notify the Department of Public Safety to advise of the situation.

(2) Any other public safety agency or a nonpublic entity that specializes in protecting the safety of the public and is included in the search and rescue database set forth in section 1846 of this subchapter that takes a report of any person missing in the backcountry, remote areas, or waters of the State:

(A) shall immediately notify the Department of Public Safety to advise of the situation; and

(B) may respond and take immediate action to locate the person reported missing.

(b) Department of Public Safety response.

(1) When provided with a report of a person missing in the backcountry, remote areas, or waters of the State, the Department shall ensure that notification is made to its Search and Rescue Team and the Team, in consultation with the entity providing the report, shall determine the appropriate level of response needed based on best practices in search and rescue operations. The Department shall also ensure that notification is made to any municipal police and fire departments of the town in which the person is missing, any volunteer fire departments of that town, and any emergency medical service providers of that town that are in the search and rescue database.

(2) The Department shall ensure that an immediate response to any report of a person missing in the backcountry, remote areas, or waters of the State is made, including immediate action to locate the person reported missing.
20 V.S.A. § 1939 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 113 / Section 1939
§ 1939. Population database
Status: in_force

(a) Only the DNA records derived from the DNA samples obtained under sections 1933 and 1934 of this title, DNA records voluntarily submitted to the population database, and DNA records from population databases in existence on January 1, 1999 may be used to develop a population database after all personal identifying information is removed.

(b) Nothing shall prohibit the laboratory from sharing or disseminating a population database with other law enforcement agencies, crime laboratories that serve them, or other third parties the laboratory deems necessary to assist the laboratory with statistical analysis of the laboratory's population databases. The population database may be made available to other agencies participating in CODIS.
20 V.S.A. § 3801 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 193 / Section 3801
§ 3801. Rabies control authority
Status: in_force

(a) In the event of an outbreak of rabies, the Secretary of Agriculture, Food and Markets, the Commissioner of Fish and Wildlife, and the Commissioner of Health shall work together to assist the affected towns. In addition to the responsibilities provided by this chapter, the Agency of Agriculture, Food and Markets shall generally be responsible for management of rabies in livestock, education of veterinarians and livestock owners concerning rabies, and vaccination recommendations for livestock. The Department of Fish and Wildlife shall generally be responsible for management of rabies in wildlife and the education of the sporting community, municipal officials, and the general public about rabies in wildlife. The Department of Health shall generally be responsible for the prevention of rabies in humans, management of rabies in animals that may have exposed humans, and assisting with diagnosis of rabies in animals that may have exposed humans and supervision of health officials' education.

(b) In addition to any other applicable authority, the Agency of Agriculture, Food and Markets, the Department of Health, and the Department of Fish and Wildlife may, individually or jointly, adopt rules to control the spread of rabies within a specific region or within the State as a whole. The Secretary of Agriculture, Food and Markets is authorized to adopt rules necessary to control the spread of rabies in domestic animals, domestic pets, and wolf-hybrids, including mandating the vaccination of specific species of animals, the conditions under which rabies inoculation clinics may be operated, and establishing quarantines for domestic animals. The Commissioner of Fish and Wildlife is authorized to adopt rules necessary to control the spread of rabies in wildlife, including mandating the vaccination of specific species of wild animals, translocation of wild animals, and the destruction of wild animals through the use of registered pesticides, trapping, or other means as may be necessary. The Commissioner of Health is authorized to adopt rules requiring the reporting of incidents of animals biting humans; the confinement, quarantine, observation, and disposition of animals that are suspected of exposing humans to rabies; and the disposition of animals bitten by animals suspected of carrying rabies and other rules as necessary to protect the general public from rabies.

(c) The Agency of Agriculture, Food and Markets, the Department of Health, and the Department of Fish and Wildlife may cooperate with other federal, state, and local officials in controlling the spread of rabies within the State and within the region.
20 V.S.A. § 4623 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 205 / Section 4623
§ 4623. Use of drones; Federal Aviation Administration requirements
Status: in_force

(a) Any use of drones by any person, including a law enforcement agency, shall comply with all applicable Federal Aviation Administration requirements and guidelines.

(b) It is the intent of the General Assembly that any person who uses a model aircraft as defined in the Federal Aviation Administration Modernization and Reform Act of 2012 shall operate the aircraft according to the guidelines of community-based organizations, such as the Academy of Model Aeronautics National Model Aircraft Safety Code.
20 V.S.A. § 201 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 8 / Section 201
§ 201. International Emergency Management Assistance Compact; adoption
Status: in_force

The State of Vermont adopts the International Emergency Management Assistance Compact as provided in this chapter.
20 V.S.A. § 607 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 29 / Section 607
§ 607. State active duty death benefit
Status: in_force

There is established a death benefit in the amount of $50,000.00 for each Vermont National Guard member who dies while on State active duty or as the result of injuries incurred while on State active duty, provided the death or the injuries that result in death resulted from performing State active duty or from engaging in conduct related to State active duty.
20 V.S.A. § 545 — VT Code / Title 20 / Chapter 27 / Section 545
§ 545. Use of armories; rules
Status: in_force

(a) The Board shall adopt rules governing the use and occupancy of the National Guard's armories and property, which shall be posted in a conspicuous location in the National Guard's buildings. A member of the National Guard who violates the rules shall be deemed guilty of a military offense, punishable as a court-martial shall direct pursuant to the provisions of sections 941 and 942 of this title.

(b) Fees collected under this section for rental of armories shall be credited to the Armory Rentals Special Fund and shall be available to the Military Department to offset the cost of providing the services.