26 V.S.A. § 2611 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 46 / Section 2611
§ 2611. Definitions
Status: in_force

As used in this chapter:

(1) “Director” means the Director of the Office of Professional Regulation.

(2) “Disciplinary action” means any action taken against a licensed landscape architect for unprofessional conduct.

(3) “Landscape architect” means a person who complies with all provisions of this chapter and is licensed by the Director to engage in the practice of landscape architecture.

(4) “License” means an authorization granted by the Director to practice landscape architecture.

(5) “Practice of landscape architecture” means any service where landscape architectural education, training, experience, and the application of mathematical, physical, and social science principles are applied in consultation, evaluation, planning, and design, including the preparation and filing of drawings, plans, specifications, and other contract documents and the administration of contracts relative to projects principally directed at the functional and aesthetic development, use, or preservation of land that directly affects the health, safety, and welfare of the public. These services include the implementation of land development concepts and natural resource management plans through the design or grading of: land forms; on-site, surface, and storm water drainage; soil conservation and erosion control; small water features; pedestrian, bicycle, and local motor vehicular circulation systems; and related construction details.
26 V.S.A. § 3352 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 71 / Section 3352
§ 3352. Prohibition; offenses
Status: in_force

(a) No person shall practice or attempt to practice occupational therapy or hold himself or herself out as being able to do so in this State without first having obtained a license.

(b) No person shall use in connection with the person's name any letters, words, or insignia indicating or implying that the person is an occupational therapist or occupational therapy assistant unless licensed in accordance with this chapter.

(c) A person who violates this section shall be subject to the penalties provided in 3 V.S.A. § 127(c).
26 V.S.A. § 3273a — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 65 / Section 3273a
§ 3273a. Exceptions
Status: in_force

(a) This chapter shall not apply to a person engaged or acting:

(1) in the discharge of his or her duties as a student of clinical mental health counseling or preparing for the practice of clinical mental health counseling provided that the person's title indicates his or her training status, if the preparation occurs under the supervision of a licensed practicing clinical mental health counselor in recognized training institutions or facilities or in a training program approved by the Office of Professional Regulation;

(2) in clinical training for licensure as a psychologist or clinical social worker or for certification as a marriage and family therapist or a psychoanalyst provided that the person's title indicates his or her training status and that the person does not identify him or herself as a clinical mental health counselor.

(b) Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (a) of this section, this chapter shall apply to any person licensed as a clinical mental health counselor under this chapter.
26 V.S.A. § 4510 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 87 / Section 4510
§ 4510. Rulemaking
Status: in_force

(a) The Commission shall exercise its rulemaking powers pursuant to the criteria set forth in this section and the rules adopted thereunder. Rules and amendments shall become binding as of the date specified in each rule or amendment.

(b) If a majority of the legislatures of the member states rejects a rule, by enactment of a statute or resolution in the same manner used to adopt the Compact within four years of the date of adoption of the rule, the rule shall have no further force and effect in any member state.

(c) Rules or amendments to the rules shall be adopted at a regular or special meeting of the Commission.

(d) Prior to promulgation and adoption of a final rule or rules by the Commission, and at least 30 days in advance of the meeting at which the rule shall be considered and voted upon, the Commission shall file a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking:

(1) on the website of the Commission or other publicly accessible platform; and

(2) on the website of each member state audiology or speech-language pathology licensing board or other publicly accessible platform or the publication in which each state would otherwise publish proposed rules.

(e) The Notice of Proposed Rulemaking shall include:

(1) the proposed time, date, and location of the meeting in which the rule shall be considered and voted upon;

(2) the text of the proposed rule or amendment and the reason for the proposed rule;

(3) a request for comments on the proposed rule from any interested person; and

(4) the manner in which interested persons may submit notice to the Commission of their intention to attend the public hearing and any written comments.

(f) Prior to the adoption of a proposed rule, the Commission shall allow persons to submit written data, facts, opinions, and arguments, which shall be made available to the public.

(g) The Commission shall grant an opportunity for a public hearing before it adopts a rule or amendment if a hearing is requested by:

(1) at least 25 persons;

(2) a state or federal governmental subdivision or agency; or

(3) an association having at least 25 members.

(h) If a hearing is held on the proposed rule or amendment, the Commission shall publish the place, time, and date of the scheduled public hearing. If the hearing is held via electronic means, the Commission shall publish the mechanism for access to the electronic hearing.

(1) All persons wishing to be heard at the hearing shall notify the executive director of the Commission or other designated member in writing of their desire to appear and testify at the hearing not less than five business days before the scheduled date of the hearing.

(2) Hearings shall be conducted in a manner providing each person who wishes to comment a fair and reasonable opportunity to comment orally or in writing.

(3) All hearings shall be recorded. A copy of the recording shall be made available on request.

(4) Nothing in this section shall be construed as requiring a separate hearing on each rule. Rules may be grouped for the convenience of the Commission at hearings required by this section.

(i) Following the scheduled hearing date, or by the close of business on the scheduled hearing date if the hearing was not held, the Commission shall consider all written and oral comments received.

(j) If no written notice of intent to attend the public hearing by interested parties is received, the Commission may proceed with promulgation of the proposed rule without a public hearing.

(k) The Commission shall, by majority vote of all members, take final action on the proposed rule and shall determine the effective date of the rule, if any, based on the rulemaking record and the full text of the rule.

(l) Upon determination that an emergency exists, the Commission may consider and adopt an emergency rule without prior notice, opportunity for comment, or hearing, provided that the usual rulemaking procedures provided in the Compact and in this section shall be retroactively applied to the rule as soon as reasonably possible, in no event later than 90 days after the effective date of the rule. For the purposes of this provision, an emergency rule is one that must be adopted immediately in order to:

(1) meet an imminent threat to public health, safety, or welfare;

(2) prevent a loss of Commission or member state funds; or

(3) meet a deadline for the promulgation of an administrative rule that is established by federal law or rule.

(m) The Commission or an authorized committee of the Commission may direct revisions to a previously adopted rule or amendment for purposes of correcting typographical errors, errors in format, errors in consistency, or grammatical errors. Public notice of any revisions shall be posted on the website of the Commission. The revision shall be subject to challenge by any person for a period of 30 days after posting. The revision may be challenged only on grounds that the revision results in a material change to a rule. A challenge shall be made in writing and delivered to the chair of the Commission prior to the end of the notice period. If no challenge is made, the revision shall take effect without further action. If the revision is challenged, the revision may not take effect without the approval of the Commission.
26 V.S.A. § 6040 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 109 / Section 6040
§ 6040. Unprofessional conduct
Status: in_force

(a) All persons. All persons licensed under this subchapter are subject to 3 V.S.A. chapter 5, subchapter 3, including the unprofessional conduct items established under 3 V.S.A. § 129a.

(b) Contestants. In addition to the items set forth in 3 V.S.A. § 129a, it shall be unprofessional conduct for a contestant to do any of the following:

(1) engage in a mixed martial arts match after a physician, licensed under 26 V.S.A. chapter 23 or 26 V.S.A. chapter 33, certifies, following an annual examination or an examination before, during, or within seven days after a match and carried out in accordance with this subchapter and rules adopted in accordance with this subchapter, that the contestant is not in a physical condition to engage in a mixed martial arts match;

(2) engage in a mixed martial arts match when suspended or prohibited from competing in a mixed martial arts match by any entity that regulates mixed martial arts;

(3) engage in a mixed martial arts match when the contestant's license to engage in mixed martial arts, as a contestant, promoter, or participant, is suspended in any other state or jurisdiction;

(4) engage in a mixed martial arts match less than 30 days after competing as a contestant in another mixed martial arts match;

(5) engage in a mixed martial arts match less than 60 days after having been knocked out in a mixed martial arts match or less than 30 days after having been technically knocked out in a mixed martial arts match; or

(6) any other activity as established by the Director in rules adopted in accordance with this subchapter.

(c) Promoters. In addition to the items set forth in 3 V.S.A. § 129a, it shall be unprofessional conduct for a promoter to do any of the following:

(1) fail to submit a required report or information to the Office within the time period and with the information, taxes, and fees required under this subchapter and in accordance with rules adopted pursuant to this subchapter;

(2) directly or indirectly have any financial interest in an individual competing in a mixed martial arts match arranged by the promoter;

(3) engage a contestant who is suspended or prohibited from competing in mixed martial arts matches by any state or jurisdiction to compete in a match held by the promoter;

(4) conduct a mixed martial arts match with no ambulance present;

(5) conduct a mixed martial arts match with no physician present;

(6) conduct a mixed martial arts match without a referee present; or

(7) any other activity as established by the Director in rules adopted in accordance with this subchapter.

(d) Participants. In addition to the items set forth in 3 V.S.A. § 129a, it shall be unprofessional conduct for a participant to do any of the following:

(1) for a referee, to unreasonably fail to comply with the rules adopted by the Director in accordance with this subchapter for the conduct of a mixed martial arts match;

(2) for a referee, match-maker, or judge, to directly or indirectly have any financial interest in an individual competing in a mixed martial arts match at which the referee, match-maker, or judge is acting as a judge, match-maker, or referee; or

(3) any other activity as established by the Director in rules adopted in accordance with this subchapter.
26 V.S.A. § 4057 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 77 / Section 4057
§ 4057. Eligibility
Status: in_force

(a) To be eligible for certification as a psychoanalyst, an applicant shall satisfy the following requirements:

(1) Have earned a master's degree.

(2) Have earned a graduate certificate or doctoral degree in psychoanalysis from a free-standing psychoanalytic institute that is chartered by a state or foreign government and accredited by a national psychoanalytic association.

(b) A student who is in training at a free-standing state or foreign government chartered psychoanalytic institute may practice as a psychoanalyst-in-training until issuance of State certification as long as that person is meeting the requirements for supervised practice of the institute at which that person is training.
26 V.S.A. § 3021 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 55 / Section 3021
§ 3021. Psychology Interjurisdictional Compact; adoption
Status: in_force

Vermont hereby enacts and adopts the Psychology Interjurisdictional Compact. The form, format, and text of the Compact have been conformed to the conventions of the Vermont Statutes Annotated. It is the intent of the General Assembly that this subchapter be interpreted as substantively the same as the Psychology Interjurisdictional Compact that is enacted by other Compact party states.
26 V.S.A. § 4157 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 83 / Section 4157
§ 4157. Licensure without examination
Status: in_force

The Director may, upon payment of the required fee, grant licensure without examination if the applicant is licensed or certified in good standing to practice athletic training in another jurisdiction with regulatory requirements substantially equivalent to those in this State.
26 V.S.A. § 4121 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 81 / Section 4121
§ 4121. Definitions
Status: repealed

As used in this chapter:

(1) “Acupuncture” means the insertion of fine needles through the skin at certain points on the body, with or without the application of electric current or the application of heat to the needles or skin, or both, for the purpose of promoting health and balance as defined by traditional and modern Oriental theories.

(2) “Approved naturopathic medical college” means a college that grants a degree of doctor of naturopathic medicine or doctor of naturopathy:

(A) is accredited by the Council of Naturopathic Medical Education, its successor, or other accrediting agency recognized by the U.S. Department of Education;

(B) has attained candidate for accreditation status with such agency; or

(C) meets educational standards essentially equivalent to those established by such accrediting agency.

(3) “Director” means the Director of the Office of Professional Regulation.

(4) “Disciplinary action” means any action taken by an administrative law officer established in 3 V.S.A. § 129(j) against a licensee or applicant on a finding of unprofessional conduct by the licensee or applicant. “Disciplinary action” includes issuance of warnings and all sanctions including denial, suspension, revocation, limitation, or restriction of licenses, and other similar limitations.

(5) “Natural” means present in, produced by, or derived from nature.

(6) “Naturopathic childbirth” means uncomplicated natural home birth assisted by a naturopathic physician.

(7) [Repealed.]

(8) “Naturopathic medicine” or “the practice of naturopathic medicine” means a system of health care that utilizes education, natural medicines, and natural therapies to support and stimulate a patient's intrinsic self-healing processes and to prevent, diagnose, and treat human health conditions, injuries, and pain. In connection with such system of health care, an individual licensed under this chapter may:

(A) Administer or provide for preventative and therapeutic purposes nonprescription medicines, topical medicines, botanical medicines, homeopathic medicines, counseling, hypnotherapy, nutritional and dietary therapy, naturopathic physical medicine, naturopathic childbirth, therapeutic devices, barrier devices for contraception, and prescription medicines authorized by this chapter.

(B) Use diagnostic procedures commonly used by physicians in general practice, including physical and orificial examinations, electrocardiograms, diagnostic imaging techniques, phlebotomy, clinical laboratory tests and examinations, and physiological function tests.

(9) “Naturopathic physical medicine” means the use of the physical agents of air, water, heat, cold, sound, and light, and the physical modalities of electrotherapy, biofeedback, acupuncture, diathermy, ultraviolet light, ultrasound, hydrotherapy, and exercise. “Naturopathic physical medicine” also includes naturopathic manipulation and mobilization therapy if, in the opinion of the Director, the naturopathic physician's education emphasized the importance of the neuromusculoskeletal structure and manipulative therapy in the maintenance and restoration of health. Naturopathic medicine does not include the practice of physical therapy, physical rehabilitation, or chiropractic.

(10) “Naturopathic physician” is a person who practices naturopathic medicine and is licensed under this chapter.

(11) “Prescription medicine” means any human drug, including finished dosage forms and active ingredients subject to Section 503(b) of the federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, required by federal law or regulation to be dispensed only by prescription.

(12) “Topical medicines” mean medicines applied to the surface of the body and include topical analgesics, anesthetics, antiseptics, scabicides, antifungals, antibacterials, cryo-agents, and anti-inflammatory agents.

(13) “Naturopathic pharmacology examination” means a test administered by the Director or the Director's designee, the passage of which is required to obtain the special license endorsement under subsection 4125(d) of this chapter.
26 V.S.A. § 3268 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 65 / Section 3268
§ 3268. Licensing without examination
Status: in_force

The Board may waive the examination requirement if the applicant is a clinical mental health counselor regulated under the laws of another jurisdiction, who is in good standing to practice clinical mental health counseling in that jurisdiction, and, in the opinion of the Board, the standards and qualifications required for regulation of clinical mental health counseling in that jurisdiction are substantially equivalent to those required by this chapter. The Board may adopt by rule criteria for licensing clinical mental health counselors who have five years' licensed or certified practice experience in another jurisdiction of the United States or Canada.
26 V.S.A. § 522 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 10 / Section 522
§ 522. Prohibitions
Status: in_force

(a) A person shall not practice chiropractic or hold himself or herself out as being able to do so in this State unless he or she is licensed under this chapter.

(b) A person shall not use in connection with the person's name any letters, words, or insignia indicating that the person is a chiropractor, chiropractic physician, or doctor of chiropractic unless the person is licensed under this chapter.

(c) A person shall not work as a chiropractic intern unless he or she is registered as required by this chapter.

(d) A person who violates the provisions of this section shall be subject to the penalties provided in 3 V.S.A. § 127(c).
26 V.S.A. § 5370 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 103 / Section 5370
§ 5370. Stamping device
Status: in_force

(a) A notary public is responsible for the security of the notary public's stamping device and shall not allow another individual to use the device to perform a notarial act.

(b) If a notary public's stamping device is lost or stolen, the notary public or the notary public's personal representative or guardian shall notify promptly the Office on discovering that the device is lost or stolen.
26 V.S.A. § 74c — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 1 / Section 74c
§ 74c. Substantial equivalency
Status: in_force

(a) An individual whose principal place of business is not in this State shall be presumed to have qualifications substantially equivalent to this State's requirements and shall have the privileges of licensure of this State, without the need to obtain a license under section 72b of this title, if the individual:

(1) holds a valid license as a certified public accountant from a state the Board determines has licensure requirements substantially equivalent to the requirements of the AICPA/NASBA Uniform Accountancy Act; or

(2) holds a valid license as a certified public accountant from any state, and the individual obtains verification from the NASBA National Qualification Appraisal Service that the individual's qualifications are substantially equivalent to the licensure requirements of the AICPA/NASBA Uniform Accountancy Act. An individual who passed the uniform CPA examination and holds a valid license issued by any state prior to January 1, 2012 shall be exempt from the education requirements of subdivision 5(c)(2) of the Uniform Accountancy Act for purposes of this section.

(b) An individual licensee of another state exercising the privileges afforded under this section and the firm that employs that licensee, as a condition of the exercise of this privilege, shall consent to the following:

(1) personal and subject matter jurisdiction and the disciplinary authority of the Board;

(2) compliance with this chapter and the Board's administrative rules and any other laws governing the practice of the profession in this State under the jurisdiction of the Board;

(3) cease offering or rendering professional services in this State individually and on behalf of a firm in the event the license issued by the state of the licensee's principal place of business is no longer valid or is otherwise conditioned or restricted;

(4) the appointment of the state board or licensing authority, which issued its license, as the agent upon whom process may be served in any action or proceeding by the Board against the licensee; and

(5) perform only those services within the scope of practice authorized by the state of the licensee's principal place of business.

(c) An individual practicing pursuant to this section and who performs services in this State, or an individual practicing pursuant to this section and who performs services for an entity with its home office in this State, may only provide the following services through a firm registered under section 74 of this title:

(1) a financial statement audit or other engagement to be performed in accordance with the Statements on Auditing Standards;

(2) an examination of prospective financial information to be performed in accordance with the Statements on Standards for Attestation Engagements;

(3) an engagement to be performed in accordance with PCAOB Auditing Standards.

(d) An individual who qualifies for practice privileges under this section and who performs services for which a firm registration is required shall not be required to obtain a license from this State.

(e) A licensee of this State offering or rendering services or using its title in another jurisdiction shall be subject to disciplinary action in this State for acts of unprofessional conduct committed in another jurisdiction that would otherwise subject the licensee to discipline in this State. The Board has the authority to investigate complaints made by persons of another state.

(f) Notwithstanding any provision of law to the contrary, an individual who performs professional services pursuant to this section shall not be assessed a fee or be required to provide notice to the Board.
26 V.S.A. § 1647a — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 28 / Section 1647a
§ 1647a. Findings and declaration of purpose
Status: in_force

(a) The party states find that:

(1) The health and safety of the public are affected by the degree of compliance with and the effectiveness of enforcement activities related to state nurse licensure laws.

(2) Violations of nurse licensure and other laws regulating the practice of nursing may result in injury or harm to the public.

(3) The expanded mobility of nurses and the use of advanced communication technologies as part of our nation's health care delivery system require greater coordination and cooperation among states in the areas of nurse licensure and regulation.

(4) New practice modalities and technology make compliance with individual state nurse licensure laws difficult and complex.

(5) The current system of duplicative licensure for nurses practicing in multiple states is cumbersome and redundant for both nurses and states.

(6) Uniformity of nurse licensure requirements throughout the states promotes public safety and public health benefits.

(b) The general purposes of this Compact are to:

(1) Facilitate the states' responsibility to protect the public's health and safety.

(2) Ensure and encourage the cooperation of party states in the areas of nurse licensure and regulation.

(3) Facilitate the exchange of information between party states in the areas of nurse regulation, investigation, and adverse actions.

(4) Promote compliance with the laws governing the practice of nursing in each jurisdiction.

(5) Invest all party states with the authority to hold a nurse accountable for meeting all state practice laws in the state in which the patient is located at the time care is rendered through the mutual recognition of party state licenses.

(6) Decrease redundancies in the consideration and issuance of nurse licenses.

(7) Provide opportunities for interstate practice by nurses who meet uniform licensure requirements.
26 V.S.A. § 1663 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 29 / Section 1663
§ 1663. Notice of use of anesthesiologist assistants
Status: in_force

An anesthesiologist that utilizes the services of an anesthesiologist assistant shall post a notice to that effect in an appropriate place and include language in the patient consent form that the anesthesiologist uses an anesthesiologist assistant.
26 V.S.A. § 3233 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 62 / Section 3233
§ 3233. Exemptions
Status: in_force

The provisions of subdivision 3232(a)(1) of this chapter, relating to the practice of alcohol and drug abuse counseling, shall not apply to:

(1) the activities and services of a rabbi, priest, minister, Christian Science practitioner, or clergy of any religious denomination or sect when engaging in activities that are within the scope of the performance of the person's regular or specialized ministerial duties and for which no separate charge is made, or when these activities are performed, with or without charge, for or under the auspices or sponsorship, individually or in conjunction with others, of an established and legally recognizable church, denomination, or sect and when the person rendering services remains accountable to the established authority of that church, denomination, or sect;

(2) the activities and services of a person licensed, certified, or registered under other laws of this State while acting within the scope of his or her profession or occupation, provided the person does not hold himself or herself out to the public as possessing a license issued pursuant to this chapter;

(3) the activities and services of a student intern or trainee in alcohol and drug abuse counseling who is pursuing a course of study in an accredited institution of higher education or a training course approved by the Director, provided these activities are performed under supervision of and constitute a part of an approved course of study;

(4) the activities and services of an individual certified under this chapter who is working in a preferred provider program under the supervision of a licensed alcohol and drug abuse counselor; or

(5) a person acting as a member of a voluntary group of individuals who offer peer support to each other in recovering from an addiction.
26 V.S.A. § 4101 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 79 / Section 4101
§ 4101. Definitions
Status: repealed

As used in this chapter:

(1) “Anatomical reproduction” is the practice of restoring the appearance of a portion of a person's body after surgery, accident, or other trauma.

(2) “Director” means the Director of the Office of Professional Regulation.

(3) [Repealed.]

(4) “Operator” means any person who practices tattooing, body piercing, or permanent cosmetics.

(5) “Practice of body piercing” means the piercing of any part of the body by someone other than a licensed physician who utilizes a needle or other instrument for the purpose of inserting an object into the body for nonmedical purposes. Body piercing includes ear piercing, except when performed on the lower lobe of the ear:

(A) with an instrument approved by the Director, by rule;

(B) by the individual on himself or herself;

(C) by a parent or guardian when the subject of the piercing is a minor; or

(D) by a household member when the subject of the piercing is an adult.

(6) “Practice of permanent cosmetics” means microblading and other practices involving placement of a specific type of tattoo that includes permanent eyeliner, permanent lip color, permanent eyebrows, anatomical reproduction, and permanent eye shadow as well as other specific procedures that may be identified by rule by the Director consistent with the Society of Permanent Cosmetic Professionals' or its successor group's guidelines.

(7) “Practice of tattooing” or “practice tattooing” means to place a permanent mark, design, or coloration of a human being by a process of pricking or ingraining an indelible pigment on or in the skin. “Practice of tattooing” or “practice tattooing” does not mean anatomical reproduction when performed under the direction of a physician.

(8) [Repealed.]

(9) “Shop” means a facility regularly used to offer or perform the practice of tattooing, body piercing, or permanent cosmetics.
26 V.S.A. § 5202 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 101 / Section 5202
§ 5202. Definitions
Status: in_force

As used in this chapter:

(1) “Director” means the Director of the Office of Professional Regulation.

(2) “Disciplinary action” means any action taken against a licensee for unprofessional conduct.

(3) “Forester” means a person who is licensed to practice forestry under this chapter.

(4)(A) “Forestry” means the science, art, and practice of creating, managing, using, and conserving forests and associated resources to meet desired goals, needs, and values, including timber management, wildlife management, biodiversity management, and watershed management. Forestry science consists of those biological, physical, quantitative, managerial, and social sciences that are applied to forest management. Forestry services include investigations, consultations, timber inventory, and appraisal, development of forest management plans, and responsible supervision of forest management or other forestry activities on public or private lands.

(B) “Forestry” does not include services for the physical implementation of cutting, hauling, handling, or processing of forest products or for the physical implementation of silvicultural treatments and practices.

(5) “License” means a current authorization granted by the Director permitting the practice of forestry pursuant to this chapter.

(6) “SAF” means the Society of American Foresters.
26 V.S.A. § 613 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 12 / Section 613
§ 613. Practice; scope of practice
Status: in_force

(a) A person who provides oral health care services, including prevention, evaluation, and assessment; education; palliative therapy; and restoration under the general supervision of a dentist within the parameters of a collaborative agreement as provided under section 614 of this subchapter shall be regarded as practicing as a dental therapist within the meaning of this chapter.

(b) A dental therapist may perform the following oral health care services:

(1) Oral health instruction and disease prevention education, including nutritional counseling and dietary analysis.

(2) Periodontal charting, including a periodontal screening examination.

(3) Exposing radiographs.

(4) Oral evaluation and assessment of dental disease.

(5) Dental prophylaxis.

(6) Mechanical polishing.

(7) Applying topical preventive or prophylactic agents, including fluoride varnishes, antimicrobial agents, and pit and fissure sealants.

(8) Pulp vitality testing.

(9) Applying desensitizing medication or resin.

(10) Fabricating athletic mouthguards.

(11) Suture removal.

(12) Changing periodontal dressings.

(13) Brush biopsies.

(14) Administering local anesthetic.

(15) Placement of temporary restorations.

(16) Interim therapeutic restorations.

(17) Placement of temporary and preformed crowns.

(18) Emergency palliative treatment of dental pain in accordance with the other requirements of this subsection.

(19) Formulating an individualized treatment plan, including services within the dental therapist's scope of practice and referral for services outside the dental therapist's scope of practice.

(20) Minor repair of defective prosthetic devices.

(21) Recementing permanent crowns.

(22) Placement and removal of space maintainers.

(23) Prescribing, dispensing, and administering analgesics, anti-inflammatories, and antibiotics, except Schedule II, III, or IV controlled substances.

(24) Administering nitrous oxide.

(25) Fabricating soft occlusal guards, but not for treatment of temporomandibular joint disorders.

(26) Tissue conditioning and soft reline.

(27) Tooth reimplantation and stabilization.

(28) Extractions of primary teeth.

(29) Nonsurgical extractions of periodontally diseased permanent teeth with tooth mobility of +3. A dental therapist shall not extract a tooth if it is unerupted, impacted, fractured, or needs to be sectioned for removal.

(30) Cavity preparation.

(31) Restoring primary and permanent teeth, not including permanent tooth crowns, bridges, veneers, or denture fabrication.

(32) Preparation and placement of preformed crowns for primary teeth.

(33) Pulpotomies on primary teeth.

(34) Indirect and direct pulp capping on primary and permanent teeth.
26 V.S.A. § 882 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 15 / Section 882
§ 882. Exceptions
Status: in_force

This chapter does not apply to:

(1) The construction, installation, operation, repair, or maintenance of electrical installations that are used by a public utility in rendering its authorized service; nor to the installation, operation, repair, and wiring associated with telecommunication services and equipment used for the transmission of information by electricity regardless of the location of such electrical installations, equipment, or facilities.

(2) Electrical installations in ships, pipeline systems, railway rolling stock, automotive equipment, or portable sound equipment.

(3) The manufacture, testing, or repair of electrical equipment in the plant of the manufacturer of the equipment.

(4) The construction, repairs, or maintenance of buildings used exclusively for agricultural purposes on owner-occupied farms.
26 V.S.A. § 2814 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 51 / Section 2814
§ 2814. Fees
Status: in_force

Applicants and persons regulated under this chapter shall pay those fees set forth in 3 V.S.A. § 125(b).
26 V.S.A. § 3275d — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 65 / Section 3275d
§ 3275d. Privilege to practice
Status: in_force

(a) To exercise the privilege to practice under the terms and provisions of the Compact, the licensee shall:

(1) hold a license in the home state;

(2) have a valid United States Social Security number or national practitioner identifier;

(3) be eligible for a privilege to practice in any member state in accordance with subsections (d), (g), and (h) of this section;

(4) have not had any encumbrance or restriction against any license or privilege to practice within the previous two years;

(5) notify the Commission that the licensee is seeking the privilege to practice within a remote state or states;

(6) pay any applicable fees, including any state fee, for the privilege to practice;

(7) meet any continuing competence or continuing education requirements established by the home state;

(8) meet any jurisprudence requirements established by the remote state or states in which the licensee is seeking a privilege to practice; and

(9) report to the Commission any adverse action, encumbrance, or restriction on license taken by any non-member State within 30 days from the date the action is taken.

(b) The privilege to practice is valid until the expiration date of the home state license. The licensee must comply with the requirements of subsection (a) of this section to maintain the privilege to practice in the remote state.

(c) A licensee providing professional counseling in a remote state under the privilege to practice shall adhere to the laws and regulations of the remote state.

(d) A licensee providing professional counseling services in a remote state is subject to that state's regulatory authority. A remote state may, in accordance with due process and that state's laws, remove a licensee's privilege to practice in the remote state for a specific period of time, impose fines, or take any other necessary actions to protect the health and safety of its citizens. The licensee may be ineligible for a privilege to practice in any member state until the specific time for removal has passed and all fines are paid.

(e) If a home state license is encumbered, the licensee shall lose the privilege to practice in any remote state until the following occur:

(1) the home state license is no longer encumbered; and

(2) have not had any encumbrance or restriction against any license or privilege to practice within the previous two years.

(f) Once an encumbered license in the home state is restored to good standing, the licensee must meet the requirements of subsection (a) of this section to obtain a privilege to practice in any remote state.

(g) If a licensee's privilege to practice in any remote state is removed, the individual may lose the privilege to practice in all other remote states until the following occur:

(1) the specific period of time for which the privilege to practice was removed has ended;

(2) all fines have been paid; and

(3) have not had any encumbrance or restriction against any license or privilege to practice within the previous two years.

(h) Once the requirements of subsection (g) of this section have been met, the licensee must meet the requirements in subsection (a) of this section to obtain a privilege to practice in a remote state.
26 V.S.A. § 2671 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 47 / Section 2671
§ 2671. Applications
Status: in_force

Any person who desires to be licensed under this chapter shall submit an application as specified by the Director, accompanied by payment of the required fee. An applicant shall submit satisfactory proof that he or she meets the qualifications under section 2672 of this chapter.
26 V.S.A. § 1657 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 29 / Section 1657
§ 1657. Supervision and scope of practice
Status: in_force

(a) The number of anesthesiologist assistants permitted to practice under the direction and supervision of a physician shall be determined by the Board after review of the system of care delivery in which the supervising anesthesiologist and anesthesiologist assistants propose to practice. The authority of an anesthesiologist assistant to practice shall terminate immediately upon dissolution of the anesthesiologist assistant's employment contract, and the supervising anesthesiologist shall immediately notify the Board and the Commissioner of the Department of Health of such termination. The anesthesiologist assistant's authority to practice shall not resume until he or she provides proof of another employment contract and protocol as approved under this chapter.

(b) The anesthesiologist assistant's scope of practice shall be limited to that delegated to the anesthesiologist assistant by the supervising anesthesiologist and for which the anesthesiologist assistant is qualified by education, training, and experience. At no time shall the practice of the anesthesiologist assistant exceed the normal scope of the supervising anesthesiologist's practice.
26 V.S.A. § 2501 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 45 / Section 2501
§ 2501. Policy and purpose
Status: in_force

In order to safeguard property and the public welfare, the practice of land surveying in this State is declared to be subject to regulation in the public interest in accordance with the terms of this chapter.
26 V.S.A. § 4513 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 87 / Section 4513
§ 4513. Construction and severability
Status: in_force

This Compact shall be liberally construed so as to effectuate the purposes thereof. The provisions of this Compact shall be severable and if any phrase, clause, sentence, or provision of this Compact is declared to be contrary to the constitution of any member state or of the United States or the applicability thereof to any government, agency, person, or circumstance is held invalid, the validity of the remainder of this Compact and the applicability thereof to any government, agency, person, or circumstance shall not be affected thereby. If this Compact shall be held contrary to the constitution of any member state, the Compact shall remain in full force and effect as to the remaining member states and in full force and effect as to the member state affected as to all severable matters.
26 V.S.A. § 3014 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 55 / Section 3014
§ 3014. Licensure by endorsement
Status: in_force

(a) The Board may at any time issue a license, upon payment of the required fee, if the applicant presents evidence that he or she:

(1) is licensed or certified to practice psychology in another jurisdiction in which the requirements for such licensing or certification are, in the judgment of the Board, substantially equivalent to those required by this chapter and the rules of the Board;

(2) is a diplomat in good standing of the American Board of Professional Psychology;

(3) holds evidence of professional qualification from an individual certification program acceptable to the Board; and

(4) has taken and passed an examination on the Vermont laws and rules governing the practice of psychology.

(b) The Board may at any time issue a license, upon payment of the required fee, to an applicant who is licensed as a psychologist at the doctoral level in another jurisdiction of the United States or Canada in which the requirements for licensure are not, in the judgment of the Board, substantially equivalent to those required by this chapter and the rules of the Board if the applicant:

(1) Is in good standing with no pending charges as verified to the Board by the licensing authorities of all jurisdictions in which the applicant has held a license;

(2) Has practiced as a licensed psychologist at the doctoral level for an average of at least 1,000 hours per year for a minimum of seven years. The seven years' licensed practice experience need not immediately precede the application so long as the applicant has remained licensed for five years preceding the application; and

(3) Has had no disciplinary history resulting in a finding of unprofessional conduct in any jurisdiction.
26 V.S.A. § 4127 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 81 / Section 4127
§ 4127. Eligibility for licensure
Status: repealed

To be eligible for licensure as a naturopathic physician, an applicant shall satisfy all the following:

(1) Have been granted a degree of doctor of naturopathic medicine, or a degree determined by the Director to be essentially equivalent to such degree, from an approved naturopathic medical college.

(2) Be physically and mentally fit to practice naturopathic medicine.

(3) Pass a licensing examination approved by the Director by rule, unless the applicant is exempt from examination pursuant to section 4129 of this chapter.

(4) [Repealed.]
26 V.S.A. § 5203 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 101 / Section 5203
§ 5203. Prohibitions; offenses
Status: in_force

(a) It shall be a violation of this chapter for any person, including any corporation, association, or individual, to:

(1) sell or fraudulently obtain or furnish any forestry degree, diploma, certificate of registration, license, or any other related document or record or to aid or abet in so doing;

(2) practice forestry under cover of any degree, diploma, registration, license, or related document or record illegally or fraudulently obtained, or signed or issued unlawfully or under fraudulent representation;

(3) practice forestry unless licensed to do so under the provisions of this chapter;

(4) represent himself or herself as being licensed in this State to practice forestry or use in connection with a name any words, letters, signs, or figures that imply that a person is a forester when not licensed under this chapter; or

(5) practice forestry during the time a license issued under this chapter is suspended or revoked.

(b) Any person violating this section shall be subject to the penalties provided in 3 V.S.A. § 127.

(c) When considering a violation of this chapter, the Director shall recognize that, in appropriate circumstances, loggers and log buyers may make investigations, consultations, timber inventories, and appraisals and may responsibly conduct harvesting activities on private land.
26 V.S.A. § 3313 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 69 / Section 3313
§ 3313. Regulation of real estate appraisers; Director; advisor appointees
Status: in_force

(a)(1) Director shall administer the provisions of this chapter.

(2)(A) The Secretary of State shall appoint six persons of suitable qualifications in accordance with this section to advise the Director in matters concerning real estate appraisal.

(B) The Secretary shall appoint the advisors for five-year staggered terms. Four of the initial appointments shall be for four-, three-, two-, and one-year terms.

(3) The Director shall consult the appointed advisors prior to exercising interpretive discretion, adopting or amending rules, and determining any substantial regulatory question presented in the course of administering this chapter.

(b) Three advisors shall be real estate appraisers licensed under this chapter who have been actively engaged in the full-time practice of real estate appraising for five years preceding appointment and have been practicing in Vermont for the two-year period immediately preceding appointment.

(c) Two advisors shall be public members who shall have no direct financial interest personally or through a spouse, parent, child, brother, or sister in real estate appraising.

(d) One advisor shall be a public member actively engaged in the business of banking, including lending for the purpose of buying real property, or shall be a person who is a consumer of appraisal services in the regular course of his or her business.
26 V.S.A. § 4176 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 84 / Section 4176
§ 4176. Certificate renewal [Effective July 1, 2026]
Status: in_force

A community-based perinatal doula certification shall be renewed every two years upon application, payment of the required fee in accordance with 3 V.S.A. § 125, and proof of compliance with any continuing education or demonstrated competency requirements established by rule.
26 V.S.A. § 276 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 6 / Section 276
§ 276. General powers and duties of the Director
Status: in_force

(a) The Director shall:

(1) adopt rules that:

(A) prescribe sanitary and safety standards for shops, schools, and other facilities used for the practice of barbering, cosmetology, esthetics, or manicuring;

(B) prescribe safe and sanitary practices for the performance of activities related to the practice of barbering, cosmetology, esthetics, or manicuring;

(C) establish standards for apprenticeships, courses, and examinations to be completed by an applicant for licensure under this chapter;

(D) establish qualifications for licensure under this chapter as:

(i) a barber, provided mandated formal training shall be 750 hours;

(ii) a cosmetologist, provided mandated formal training shall be 1,000 hours;

(iii) an esthetician, provided mandated formal training shall be 500 hours; and

(iv) a nail technician, provided mandated formal training shall be 200 hours; and

(E)(i) establish criteria for apprenticeships that would enable a person seeking licensure under this chapter to train under an appropriately qualified Vermont licensee in order to attain licensure without mandated formal training; and

(ii) limit the duration of a required apprenticeship to not more than 150 percent of the duration of the corresponding formal training.

(2) Provide general information to applicants for licensure or registration under this chapter.

(3) Explain appeal procedures to licensees and applicants and complaint procedures to the public.

(4) Offer examinations at least once a year, if applications for examination are pending, and pass on the qualifications of the applicants.

(b)(1) The Director may inspect shops and schools and other places used for the practice of barbering, cosmetology, esthetics, or manicuring.

(2) A fee shall not be charged for initial inspections under this subsection; however, if the Director determines that it is necessary to inspect the same premises in the same ownership more than once in any two-year period, the Director shall charge a reinspection fee.

(3) The Director may waive all or a part of the reinspection fee in accordance with criteria established by rule.
26 V.S.A. § 13 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 1 / Section 13
§ 13. Definitions
Status: repealed

As used in this chapter:

(1)(A) “Attest services” means providing the following services:

(i) any audit or other engagement to be performed in accordance with the Statements on Auditing Standards (SAS);

(ii) any review of a financial statement or compilation of a financial statement to be performed in accordance with the Statement on Standards for Accounting and Review Services (SSARS);

(iii) any examination of prospective financial information to be performed in accordance with the Statements on Standards for Attestation Engagements (SSAE);

(iv) any engagement to be performed in accordance with the auditing standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB); or

(v) any examination, review, or agreed upon procedures engagement to be performed in accordance with the SSAE, other than an examination described in subdivision (iii) of this subdivision (1)(A).

(B) The statements on standards specified in this section shall be adopted by reference by the Board pursuant to rulemaking, and shall be those developed for general application by the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants.

(2) “Board” means the Board of Public Accountancy.

(3) “Compilation” means providing a service to be performed in accordance with Statements on Standards for Accounting and Review Services (SSARS) that is presented in the form of financial statements or information that represents management or owners without expressing any type of assurance on the statements.

(4) [Repealed.]

(5) “Firm” means a sole proprietorship, a corporation, a partnership, association, or any other entity that practices public accountancy.

(6) [Repealed.]

(7) “Good character” means fiscal integrity, and a lack of any history of acts involving dishonesty, false statements, or fraud.

(8) “Home office” means the location specified by the client as the address to which a service described in subsection 74c(c) of this title is directed.

(9) “Peer review” means a systemwide study, appraisal, or review of one or more aspects of the professional work of a person or firm in the practice of public accounting that performs attest services by a person or persons who are licensed under this chapter and who are not affiliated with the person or firm being reviewed.

(10) “Practice of public accounting” means the performance or the offering to perform by a person or firm holding itself out to the public as being licensed, registered, or otherwise authorized under this chapter, for a client or potential client, of one or more kinds of services involving the use of accounting or auditing skills, including the issuance of reports on financial statements, or of one or more kinds of management advisory, financial advisory, or consulting services, or the preparation of tax returns or the furnishing of advice on tax matters.

(11) “Principal place of business” means the office location designated by the licensee for the purposes of substantial equivalency and reciprocity.

(12) “Public accountant” means a certified public accountant or a registered public accountant until July 1, 2003, after which the title of registered public accountant will still exist for those licensed as registered public accountants or having received conditional credit toward licensure as a registered public accountant by that date, but will no longer be a title granted by the Board.

(13) “Report” when used with reference to any attest or compilation service, means an opinion, report, or other form of language that states or implies assurance as to the reliability of the attested information or compiled financial statements and that also includes or is accompanied by any statement or implication that the person or firm issuing it has special knowledge or competence in accounting or auditing.

(A) A statement or implication of special knowledge or competence may arise from use by the issuer of the report of names or titles indicating that the person or firm is an accountant or auditor, or from the language of the report itself.

(B) The term “report” includes any form of language that disclaims an opinion when the form of language is conventionally understood to imply any positive assurance as to the reliability of the attested information or compiled financial statements referred to or special competence on the part of the person or firm issuing the language; and it includes any other form of language that is conventionally understood to imply such assurance or such special knowledge or competence.

(14) “Sole proprietorship,” when used for the specific purpose of describing the fee category applicable to a firm under this chapter, means a firm that employs only one certified public accountant.

(15) “State” includes the states of the United States, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, Guam, the U.S. Virgin Islands, and other jurisdictions recognized by the National Association of State Boards of Accountancy (NASBA).
26 V.S.A. § 3353 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 71 / Section 3353
§ 3353. Director of the Office of Professional Regulation; duties
Status: in_force

(a) The Director shall:

(1) provide general information to applicants for licensure as occupational therapists or occupational therapy assistants;

(2) administer fees collected under this chapter;

(3) explain appeal procedures to occupational therapists, occupational therapy assistants, and applicants, and complaint procedures to the public;

(4) receive applications for licensure, license applicants under this chapter, renew licenses, and revoke, suspend, reinstate, or condition licenses as ordered by an administrative law officer; and

(5) refer all disciplinary matters to an administrative law officer.

(b) The Director of the Office of Professional Regulation, with the advice of the advisor appointees, may adopt rules necessary to perform the duties provided under this chapter.
26 V.S.A. § 1655 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 29 / Section 1655
§ 1655. Temporary certification
Status: in_force

(a) The Board may issue a temporary certification to a person who applies for certification for the first time in this State and meets the educational requirements under section 1654 of this title.

(b) Temporary certification may be issued only for the purpose of allowing an otherwise qualified applicant to practice as an anesthesiologist assistant until the applicant takes and passes the next NCCAA examination, and a determination is made of his or her qualifications to practice in this State.

(c) Temporary certification shall be issued on payment of the specified fee for a fixed period of time to be determined by the Board and shall only be renewed by the Board if the applicant demonstrates proof of an exceptional cause.
26 V.S.A. § 2801 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 51 / Section 2801
§ 2801. Definitions
Status: in_force

As used in this chapter:

(1) “Director” means the Director of the Office of Professional Regulation.

(2) “Practice of radiologic technology” means the practice of:

(A) radiography;

(B) nuclear medicine technology; or

(C) radiation therapy.

(3) “Practice of radiography” means the direct application of ionizing radiation to human beings.

(4) “Practice of nuclear medicine technology” means the act of giving a radioactive substance to a human being or the act of performing associated imaging procedures, or both.

(5) “Practice of radiation therapy” means the direct application of ionizing radiation to human beings for therapeutic purposes or the act of performing associated imaging procedures, or both.

(6) “Licensed practitioner” means a person licensed under this title to practice medicine, osteopathy, advanced practice registered nursing, dentistry, podiatry, naturopathic medicine, or chiropractic, and includes holders of limited temporary licenses to practice medicine.

(7) “Financial interest” means being:

(A) a licensed practitioner of radiologic technology;

(B) a person who deals in goods and services that are uniquely related to the practice of radiologic technology; or

(C) a person who has invested anything of value in a business that provides radiologic technology services.

(8) “Unauthorized practice” means conduct prohibited by section 2802 of this chapter and not exempted by section 2803 of this chapter.

(9) “Direct supervision” means that the person being supervised remains in the physical presence of the supervisor at all times.

(10) “General supervision” means that the supervisor is readily available for consultation or intervention on the premises where radiologic technology services are being provided.

(11) “ARRT” means the American Registry of Radiologic Technologists.

(12) “NMTCB” means the Nuclear Medicine Technologist Certification Board.

(13) “Office” means the Office of Professional Regulation.
26 V.S.A. § 5322 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 103 / Section 5322
§ 5322. Advisor appointees
Status: in_force

(a) The Secretary of State shall appoint two notaries public to serve as advisors in matters relating to notarial acts. One of the advisors shall be an attorney selected from a list of at least three licensed attorneys provided by the Vermont Bar Association. The advisors shall be appointed for staggered five-year terms and serve at the pleasure of the Secretary. One of the initial appointments shall be for less than a five-year term.

(b) Each appointee shall have at least three years of experience as a notary public during the period immediately preceding appointment and shall be actively commissioned in Vermont and remain in good standing during incumbency.

(c) The Office shall seek the advice of the advisor appointees in carrying out the provisions of this chapter. The appointees shall be entitled to compensation and reimbursement of expenses as set forth in 32 V.S.A. § 1010 for attendance at any meeting called by the Office for this purpose.
26 V.S.A. § 4904 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 95 / Section 4904
§ 4904. Exceptions
Status: in_force

This chapter does not prohibit:

(1) The practice of a person who is not licensed under this chapter, who does not use the term “behavior analysis” or similar descriptors suggesting licensure under this chapter, and who is engaged in the course of his or her customary duties:

(A) in the practice of a religious ministry;

(B) in employment or rehabilitation counseling;

(C) as an employee of or under contract with the Agency of Human Services;

(D) as a mediator;

(E) in an official evaluation for court purposes;

(F) as a member of a self-help group, such as Alcoholics Anonymous, peer counseling, or domestic violence groups, whether or not for consideration;

(G) as a respite caregiver, foster care worker, or hospice worker; or

(H) incident to the practice of any other legally recognized profession or occupation.

(2) A person engaged or acting in the discharge of his or her duties as a student of applied behavior analysis or preparing for the practice of applied behavior analysis, provided that the person's title indicates his or her training status and that the preparation occurs under the supervision of an applied behavior analyst in a recognized training institution or facility.

(3) A behavior interventionist or paraprofessional, employed by a school, from working under the close direction of a supervisor licensed under this chapter, in relation to the direct implementation of skill-acquisition and behavior-modification plans developed by the supervisor or in relation to data collection or assessment designed by the supervisor, provided the supervisor retains ultimate responsibility for delegating professional responsibilities in a manner consistent with 3 V.S.A. § 129a(a)(6).
26 V.S.A. § 4122 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 81 / Section 4122
§ 4122. Prohibitions and penalties
Status: in_force

(a) No person shall perform any of the following acts:

(1) Practice naturopathic medicine in this State without a valid license issued in accordance with this chapter except as provided in section 4123 of this title.

(2) Use in connection with the person's name any letters, words, or insignia indicating or implying that the person is a naturopathic physician unless the person is licensed in accordance with this chapter. A person licensed under this chapter may use the designations “N.D.,” “doctor of naturopathic medicine,” “naturopathic doctor,” “doctor of naturopathy,” or “naturopathic physician.”

(b) A person licensed under this chapter shall not perform any of the following acts:

(1) Prescribe, dispense, or administer any prescription medicines without obtaining from the Director the special license endorsement under subsection 4125(d) of this chapter.

(2) Perform surgical procedures, except for episiotomy and perineal repair associated with naturopathic childbirth.

(3) Use for therapeutic purposes any device regulated by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) that has not been approved by the FDA.

(4) Perform naturopathic childbirth without obtaining from the Director the special license endorsement under subsection 4125(b) of this chapter.

(c) A person who violates any of the provisions of this section shall be subject to the penalties provided in 3 V.S.A. § 127(c).
26 V.S.A. § 2855 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 52 / Section 2855
§ 2855. Temporary certification
Status: in_force

(a) The Board may issue a temporary certification to a person who applies for certification for the first time in this State and meets the educational requirements under subsection 2854 of this title.

(b) Temporary certification may be issued only for the purpose of allowing an otherwise qualified applicant to practice as a radiologist assistant until the applicant takes and passes the next ARRT certification examination and a determination is made that he or she is qualified to practice in this State.

(c) Temporary certification shall be issued upon payment of the specified fee for a fixed period of time to be determined by the Board and shall only be renewed by the Board if the applicant demonstrates proof of an exceptional cause.
26 V.S.A. § 3314 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 69 / Section 3314
§ 3314. Director; powers and duties
Status: in_force

(a) The Director shall administer the provisions of this chapter in a manner that conforms in all respects with the requirements of the Act.

(b) In addition to the Director's other powers and duties under this chapter, the Director shall:

(1) Receive and review applications.

(2) Collect the registry fee as required by the Act and transmit that fee to the ASC. The registry fee shall be in addition to State licensing and registration fees.

(3) Annually publish a roster of all licensees and transmit the roster to the ASC as required by the Act.

(4) Register appraisal management companies.

(5) Make inquiries he or she deems necessary into the character, integrity, and reputation of the applicant.

(6) Perform other functions and duties as may be necessary to carry out the provisions of this chapter and to comply with the requirements of the Act, including by adopting rules defining and regulating appraisal management companies in a manner consistent with the Act.
26 V.S.A. § 3262a — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 65 / Section 3262a
§ 3262a. Board of Allied Mental Health Practitioners
Status: repealed

(a) The Board of Allied Mental Health Practitioners is established.

(b) The Board shall consist of six members appointed by the Governor pursuant to 3 V.S.A. §§ 129b and 2004.

(1) Two members shall be licensed clinical mental health counselors; one member shall be a licensed marriage and family therapist; one member shall, at the time of appointment, be a nonlicensed and noncertified psychotherapist entered on the roster; and two members shall be public members.

(2) The public members shall have no direct financial interest personally or through a spouse, parent, child, brother, or sister in clinical mental health counseling, marriage and family therapy, or psychotherapy.

(3) The professional members shall have at least three years of professional experience as a clinical mental health counselor, marriage and family therapist, or psychotherapist and shall be actively engaged in one of these professions during incumbency.

(c) [Repealed.]
26 V.S.A. § 4151 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 83 / Section 4151
§ 4151. Definitions
Status: repealed

As used in this chapter:

(1) “Athlete” means any individual participating in fitness training and conditioning, sports, or other athletic competition, practices, or events requiring physical strength, agility, flexibility, range of motion, speed, or stamina.

(2) “Athletic injury” means a disruption of tissue continuity, physiological function, or neurological function that is sustained by an athlete when that injury:

(A) results from that individual's participation in or training for sports, fitness training, or other athletic competition; or

(B) restricts or prevents that individual from participation in those activities.

(3) “Athletic training” means the application of principles and methods of conditioning, the prevention, immediate care, recognition, evaluation, assessment, and treatment of athletic and orthopedic injuries within the scope of education and training, the organization and administration of an athletic training program, and the education and counseling of athletes, coaches, family members, medical personnel, communities, and groups in the area of care and prevention of athletic and orthopedic injuries.

(4) “Licensed athletic trainer” means a person licensed in accordance with the provisions of this chapter.

(5) “Conditioning” means programs designed to enhance the following physiological areas: flexibility, muscle strength, muscle endurance, neuromuscular coordination, and cardio-respiratory endurance that will assist in improved athletic performance specific to the sport in which the athlete participates. Conditioning includes programs used before the season, and programs to reestablish performance during the season.

(6) “Director” means the Director of the Office of Professional Regulation.

(7) “Disciplinary action” or “disciplinary cases” includes any action taken by the administrative law officer established in 3 V.S.A. § 129 against a licensed athletic trainer or applicant premised upon a finding of wrongdoing or unprofessional conduct. It includes all sanctions of any kind, denying, suspending, or revoking licenses, issuing warnings, and other sanctions.

(8) “Orthopaedic injury” means a disruption of musculoskeletal tissue continuity that is sustained by a physically active individual. An individual with this type of injury may be treated by an athletic trainer as long as the individual does not have any underlying pathologies that would affect treatment.

(9) “Physically active individual” means an individual who is well conditioned, healthy, and free from underlying pathology, who participates in athletic or recreational activities that require physical skills and utilize strength, power, endurance, speed, flexibility, range of motion, or agility.

(10) “Referral” means sending a determination, recorded in writing, by an allopathic or osteopathic physician, podiatrist, advanced practice registered nurse, physician assistant, physical therapist, naturopath, dentist, or chiropractor, that an athlete or physically active individual should be treated by an athletic trainer, and that such person is free of an underlying pathology that would affect treatment.

(11) [Repealed.]

(12) “Underlying pathology” means any disease process, including neuromuscular disease, diabetes, spinal cord injuries, and systemic diseases.
26 V.S.A. § 2421 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 44 / Section 2421
§ 2421. Eligibility
Status: in_force

(a) An applicant is eligible for licensure who has:

(1) reached the age of majority;

(2) graduated from a school of veterinary medicine accredited by the American Veterinary Medical Association or the Canadian Veterinary Medical Association; and

(3) passed the North American Veterinary Licensing Examination (NAVLE), or any subsequent licensing examinations prepared under the authority of the National Board of Veterinary Medical Examiners (NBVME) or its successor organization.

(b) Applicants who are not graduates of schools of veterinary medicine accredited by the American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) or Canadian Veterinary Medical Association (CVMA) shall possess a certificate issued by the Educational Commission for Foreign Veterinary Graduates (ECFVG), its successor organization, or an organization acceptable to the Board.

(c) Upon submission of evidence acceptable to the Board of satisfaction of these eligibility criteria and upon payment of the required fees, the applicant shall receive a license; provided, however, that the Board may also require satisfactory completion of an examination covering State laws and rules related to the practice of veterinary medicine and the State or national veterinary codes of ethics.

(d) For purposes of this section, an applicant's score on the North American Veterinary Licensing Examination or any subsequent licensing examinations prepared under the authority of the National Board of Veterinary Medical Examiners, or its successor organization, shall be valid for two years from the date the applicant passed the examination.
26 V.S.A. § 4925 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 95 / Section 4925
§ 4925. Renewals
Status: repealed

(a) Licenses shall be renewed every two years, on a schedule determined by the Director, upon payment of the renewal fee.

(b) Biennially, the Director shall provide notice to each licensee of license expiration and renewal requirements. Upon receipt of a complete and satisfactory renewal application and fee, the Director shall issue a new license.

(c) As a condition of renewal, the Director may by rule require that a licensee establish that the licensee has completed continuing education.

(1) The Director may accept proof of current certification from the Behavior Analyst Certification Board as evidence of continuing competency if the Director finds that the maintenance of such certification implies appropriate continuing education consistent with this subsection and Board rule.

(2) Synchronous virtual continuing education credits shall be approvable and accepted as live in-person training. Continuing education requirements shall include requiring one or more continuing education units in the area of systematic oppression and anti-oppressive practice, or in related topic areas, consistent with the report recommendations from the Health Equity Advisory Commission required pursuant to 2021 Acts and Resolves No. 33, Sec. 5 for improving cultural competency, cultural humility, and antiracism in Vermont's health care system.

(3) If the licensee is licensed in one or more other mental health professions under this title, continuing education units completed for one mental health profession shall count toward the required continuing education units for the other mental health profession or professions for which the licensee is licensed under this title.

(d) [Repealed.]
26 V.S.A. § 56 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 1 / Section 56
§ 56. Fees
Status: in_force

Applicants and persons regulated under this chapter shall pay the following fees:
26 V.S.A. § 3013 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 55 / Section 3013
§ 3013. Conduct of examinations
Status: in_force

(a) The Board shall conduct examinations under this chapter at least twice a year at a time and place designated by it; provided, however, that examinations need not be conducted at times when there are no applicants requesting to be examined. Examinations may be written, computer-administered, computer-adapted, or oral as determined by the Board. In any written examination, each applicant shall be designated by a number so that his or her name is not disclosed to the Board until the examinations have been graded. Examinations shall include questions in such theoretical and applied fields as the Board deems most suitable to test an applicant's knowledge and competence to engage in the practice of psychology. An applicant shall be held to have passed an examination upon the affirmative vote of at least four members of the Board.

(b) Examinations administered by the Board and its procedures of administration shall be fair and reasonable and shall be designed and implemented to ensure that all applicants are admitted to practice if they demonstrate that they possess the minimal occupational qualifications that are consistent with the public health, safety, and welfare. They shall not be designed or implemented for the purpose of limiting the number of licensees.

(c) If a licensee has a principal place of business, a license shall be prominently displayed at that place.
26 V.S.A. § 4409 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 86 / Section 4409
§ 4409. Electrology office license
Status: in_force

(a) No electrology office shall operate in this State without first obtaining an electrology office license from the Office of Professional Regulation and paying the fee provided in section 4412 of this title. Electrology office applications shall be in the form required by the Director.

(b) No electrology office shall be granted a license unless the office complies with this chapter and rules adopted under this chapter.

(c) Each electrology office shall have a designated licensed electrologist responsible for overall cleanliness and sanitation of the office.

(d) The practice of electrology shall be permitted only in licensed electrology offices.
26 V.S.A. § 1648 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 28 / Section 1648
§ 1648. Administration of the Nurse Licensure Compact
Status: in_force

(a) The Vermont State Board of Nursing shall have the power to:

(1) oversee the administration and enforcement of the Nurse Licensure Compact within the State of Vermont;

(2) recover from a nurse practicing under the provisions of the Nurse Licensure Compact the cost of investigation and disposition of a case resulting in adverse action taken against that nurse; and

(3) conduct a background check, prior to issuing a multistate license under the provisions of the Nurse Licensure Compact, that includes a fingerprint-based check of State and federal criminal history databases, as authorized by 28 C.F.R. § 20.33.

(b) The Executive Director of the Vermont State Board of Nursing or designee shall be the administrator (State Administrator) of the Nurse Licensure Compact for the State of Vermont pursuant to subdivision 1647g(b)(1) of this subchapter.

(c) The State Administrator shall promptly, and prior to a vote of the Commission, notify the Commissioner of Finance and Management if the Commission proposes to pledge the credit of the State of Vermont under subdivision 1647g(h)(3) of this subchapter or in any way proposes to impose liability on the State of Vermont for an amount equal to or in excess of $100,000.00.

(d) The Vermont State Board of Nursing may:

(1) adopt rules necessary to implement and enforce the provisions of this subchapter within the State of Vermont; and

(2) take disciplinary action against the practice privilege of a nurse practicing within the State of Vermont under the provisions of the Nurse Licensure Compact, which may include disciplinary action based on disciplinary action taken against the nurse's license by another party state to the Nurse Licensure Compact.

(e) Nothing in this subchapter shall supersede or abridge State labor laws.
26 V.S.A. § 1420k — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 23 / Section 1420k
§ 1420k. Interstate Medical Licensure Compact Commission
Status: in_force

(a) The member states hereby create the “Interstate Medical Licensure Compact Commission.”

(b) The purpose of the Interstate Commission is the administration of the Interstate Medical Licensure Compact, which is a discretionary state function.

(c) The Interstate Commission shall be a body corporate and joint agency of the member states and shall have all the responsibilities, powers, and duties set forth in the Compact and such additional powers as may be conferred upon it by a subsequent concurrent action of the respective legislatures of the member states in accordance with the terms of the Compact.

(d) The Interstate Commission shall consist of two voting representatives appointed by each member state who shall serve as Commissioners. In states where allopathic and osteopathic physicians are regulated by separate member boards, or if the licensing and disciplinary authority is split between multiple member boards within a member state, the member state shall appoint one representative from each member board. A Commissioner shall be:

(1) an allopathic or osteopathic physician appointed to a member board;

(2) an executive director, executive secretary, or similar executive of a member board; or

(3) a member of the public appointed to a member board.

(e) The Interstate Commission shall meet at least once each calendar year. A portion of this meeting shall be a business meeting to address such matters as may properly come before the Commission, including the election of officers. The chairperson may call additional meetings and shall call for a meeting upon the request of a majority of the member states.

(f) The bylaws may provide for meetings of the Interstate Commission to be conducted by telecommunication or electronic communication.

(g) Each Commissioner participating at a meeting of the Interstate Commission is entitled to one vote. A majority of Commissioners shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business, unless a larger quorum is required by the bylaws of the Interstate Commission. A Commissioner shall not delegate a vote to another Commissioner. In the absence of its Commissioner, a member state may delegate voting authority for a specified meeting to another person from that state who shall meet the requirements of subsection (d) of this section.

(h) The Interstate Commission shall provide public notice of all meetings and all meetings shall be open to the public. The Interstate Commission may close a meeting, in full or in portion, when it determines by a two-thirds' vote of the Commissioners present that an open meeting would be likely to:

(1) relate solely to the internal personnel practices and procedures of the Interstate Commission;

(2) discuss matters specifically exempted from disclosure by federal statute;

(3) discuss trade secrets or commercial or financial information that is privileged or confidential;

(4) involve accusing a person of a crime or formally censuring a person;

(5) discuss information of a personal nature when disclosure would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy;

(6) discuss investigative records compiled for law enforcement purposes; or

(7) specifically relate to the participation in a civil action or other legal proceeding.

(i) The Interstate Commission shall keep minutes that shall fully describe all matters discussed in a meeting and shall provide a full and accurate summary of actions taken, including record of any roll call votes.

(j) The Interstate Commission shall make its information and official records, to the extent not otherwise designated in the Compact or by its rules, available to the public for inspection.

(k) The Interstate Commission shall establish an executive committee, which shall include officers, members, and others as determined by the bylaws. The executive committee shall have the power to act on behalf of the Interstate Commission, with the exception of rulemaking, during periods when the Interstate Commission is not in session. When acting on behalf of the Interstate Commission, the executive committee shall oversee the administration of the Compact, including enforcement of and compliance with the provisions of the Compact, its bylaws and rules, and other such duties as necessary.

(l) The Interstate Commission may establish other committees for governance and administration of the Compact.
26 V.S.A. § 3402 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 75 / Section 3402
§ 3402. Prohibitions; offenses; exemptions; evaluating nonacupuncturists
Status: in_force

(a) Except as provided in subsections (d) through (g) of this section, a person shall not practice acupuncture unless he or she is licensed in accordance with the provisions of this chapter.

(b)(1) A person shall not use in connection with the person's name any letters, words, or insignia indicating or implying that the person is an acupuncturist unless the person is licensed in accordance with this chapter.

(2) The only title a licensed acupuncturist may use in reference to that license is “licensed acupuncturist” or its abbreviation, as “Lic. Ac.”

(c) A person who violates any of the provisions of subsection (a) or (b) of this section shall be subject to the penalties provided in 3 V.S.A. § 127.

(d) Nothing in subsection (a) of this section shall prevent a student from performing acupuncture under the supervision of a competent licensed acupuncturist instructor:

(1) within a school or a college or an acupuncture department of a college or university that is licensed by the Vermont Agency of Education or certified by the Accreditation Commission for Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine;

(2) as a student in a Director-approved apprenticeship; or

(3) as an intern in any hospital.

(e) Nothing in subsection (a) of this section shall prevent a person who is licensed or certified as an acupuncturist in another state or Canadian province from practicing acupuncture for no more than five days in a calendar year as part of a health care professional educational seminar or program in Vermont, if the educational seminar or program is directly supervised by a Vermont-licensed health care professional whose scope of practice includes acupuncture.

(f) This chapter shall not be construed to limit or restrict in any way the right of a licensed practitioner of a health care profession regulated under this title from performing services within the scope of his or her professional practice.

(g) Nothing in subsection (a) of this section shall prevent an unlicensed person from engaging in auriculotherapy, an unregulated practice wherein needles are inserted into the external human ear, provided such person:

(1) has appropriate training in clean needle technique;

(2) employs sterile, single-use needles, without reuse;

(3) does not purport to treat any disease, disorder, infirmity, or affliction;

(4) does not use any letters, words, or insignia indicating or implying that the person is an acupuncturist; and

(5) makes no statement implying that his or her practice of auriculotherapy is licensed, certified, or otherwise overseen by the State.

(h) The Director, with cooperation of the relevant professional regulatory boards, shall monitor and evaluate whether nonacupuncturists employing acupuncture as a therapeutic modality are doing so safely, within their scopes of practice, and in a manner consistent with the public health, safety, and welfare.
26 V.S.A. § 4090 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 78 / Section 4090
§ 4090. Disclosure of information
Status: in_force

The Board shall adopt rules requiring persons entered on the Roster to disclose to each client the psychotherapist's professional qualifications and experience, those actions that constitute unprofessional conduct, the method for filing a complaint or making a consumer inquiry, and provisions relating to the manner in which the information shall be displayed and signed by both the rostered psychotherapist and the client. The rules may include provisions for applying or modifying these requirements in cases involving clients of designated agencies, institutionalized clients, minors, and adults under the supervision of a guardian.
26 V.S.A. § 1374 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 23 / Section 1374
§ 1374. Decision and order
Status: in_force

(a) Regardless of whether the Board makes its determination on the findings of the hearing panel pursuant to section 1372 of this chapter alone, on the findings of the hearing panel as supplemented by a hearing before the Board pursuant to section 1373 of this chapter, or on its own findings, the Board shall render its decision on the merits of the charge or charges on the basis of the evidence in the record before it.

(b)(1) If a majority of the members of the Board present and voting find that the individual complained against committed unprofessional conduct as specified in one or more of the charges, the Board shall prepare written findings of fact, conclusions, and an order, copies of which shall be served upon the individual complained against.

(2)(A) reprimand the individual complained against;

(i) reprimand the individual complained against;

(ii) condition, limit, suspend, or revoke the license, certificate, or practice of the individual complained against; or

(iii) take such other action relating to discipline or practice as the Board determines appropriate, including imposing an administrative penalty of not more than $1,000.00 for each act that constitutes an unprofessional conduct violation.

(B) Any monies received from the imposition of an administrative penalty imposed pursuant to this subdivision (2) shall be deposited into the Board of Medical Practice Regulatory Fee Fund for the purpose of providing education and training for Board members and licensees. The Commissioner of Health's accounting under section 1351 of this chapter shall detail the receipts of administrative penalties and the purposes for which such monies were used.

(c) If the Board finds the individual complained against not guilty of the charge or charges, or the charges against the individual are dismissed, the Board shall promptly order a dismissal of the charges and issue a statement that the charges were not proved.

(d) Any order issued by the Board under this section shall be in full force and effect until further order of the Board or of a court of competent jurisdiction.
26 V.S.A. § 1254 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 21 / Section 1254
§ 1254. Issuance or denial of license
Status: in_force

If, upon review, it is found that the applicant possesses sufficient skill and knowledge of the business and has met the application and qualification requirements set forth in this chapter, the Director shall issue to him or her a license to engage in the business of funeral director, embalmer, funeral establishment, disposition facility, or removal personnel.
26 V.S.A. § 3195 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 60 / Section 3195
§ 3195. Eligibility
Status: in_force

(a) To be eligible for certification as a certified peer support provider, an applicant shall complete and submit an application in the manner as the Director prescribes in rule, accompanied by the applicable fees, and evidence satisfactory to the Director that the applicant:

(1) is at least 18 years of age;

(2) has received a credential from the peer support provider credentialing body; and

(3) has passed registry checks and criminal history checks that may be required in rule.

(b) To be eligible for certification as a peer recovery support specialist, an applicant shall complete and submit an application in the manner as the Director prescribes by the rule, accompanied by the applicable fees, and evidence satisfactory to the Director that the applicant:

(1) is at least 18 years of age;

(2) has received a credential from the peer recovery support specialist credentialing body; and

(3) has passed registry checks and criminal history checks that may be required in rule.
26 V.S.A. § 3408 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 75 / Section 3408
§ 3408. Renewals
Status: in_force

Licenses shall be renewed every two years upon payment of the required fee and furnishing satisfactory evidence of having completed 30 hours of continuing education credit during the preceding two years. The Director may adopt rules for the approval of continuing education programs and the awarding of credit.
26 V.S.A. § 206 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 3 / Section 206
§ 206. Display of license
Status: in_force

A license shall be displayed in a conspicuous place in the licensee's principal place of business or employment.
26 V.S.A. § 2428 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 44 / Section 2428
§ 2428. Reinstatement
Status: in_force

A license that has lapsed for five years or longer may be reinstated upon successful completion of national board licensing examinations within the previous two years or upon proof that the licensee has actively practiced licensed clinical veterinary medicine for 3,000 hours during the preceding three years in another U.S. or Canadian jurisdiction.
26 V.S.A. § 3275n — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 65 / Section 3275n
§ 3275n. Construction and severability
Status: in_force

This Compact shall be liberally construed so as to effectuate the purposes thereof. The provisions of this Compact shall be severable and if any phrase, clause, sentence or provision of this Compact is declared to be contrary to the constitution of any member state or of the United States or the applicability thereof to any government, agency, person, or circumstance is held invalid, the validity of the remainder of this Compact and the applicability thereof to any government, agency, person, or circumstance shall not be affected thereby. If this Compact shall be held contrary to the constitution of any member state, the Compact shall remain in full force and effect as to the remaining member states and in full force and effect as to the member state affected as to all severable matters.
26 V.S.A. § 2073 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 36 / Section 2073
§ 2073. Rules
Status: in_force

(a) The Board may adopt rules necessary to carry out the purposes of the provisions of this subchapter.

(b) All rules adopted under this subchapter shall conform to wholesale distributor licensing guidelines formally adopted by the FDA at 21 C.F.R. Part 205.
26 V.S.A. § 6010 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 109 / Section 6010
§ 6010. Reports to be filed; professional boxing
Status: in_force

(a) Within 24 hours of the conclusion of a professional match (excluding weekends or national holidays), the promoter or designee shall file a written report with the Director, on a form prescribed by the Director, indicating the specific result of each match and any problems encountered in the running of the event.

(b) Within 48 hours of the conclusion of the professional match (excluding weekends or national holidays), the Director or designee shall report the results of the match to the National Boxer Registry or registries as designated by the Association of Boxing Commissions.

(c) Within 48 hours of any final disciplinary action against a boxer, promoter, or manager (excluding weekends or national holidays), the Director or designee shall report any final disciplinary action taken against a promoter, boxer, or manager to the National Boxer Registry or registries as designated by the Association of Boxing Commissions.
26 V.S.A. § 3055 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 56 / Section 3055
§ 3055. Scope of practice; standard of practice
Status: in_force

(a) In order to be eligible for a telehealth license or telehealth registration under this chapter, a health care professional shall hold a license, certificate, or registration in another U.S. jurisdiction that authorizes the provider to engage in the same or a broader scope of practice as health care professionals in the same field are authorized to engage pursuant to a license, certificate, or registration issued in accordance with the relevant provisions of this title.

(b) While practicing in Vermont using telehealth, a health care professional holding a telehealth license or telehealth registration issued pursuant to this chapter shall:

(1) practice within the scope of practice established in this title for that profession; and

(2) practice in a manner consistent with the prevailing and acceptable professional standard of practice for a health care professional who is licensed, certified, or registered in Vermont to provide in-person health care services in that health care profession.
26 V.S.A. § 1188 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 20 / Section 1188
§ 1188. Seal
Status: in_force

(a) Each licensee shall obtain a seal of a design approved by the Board by rule.

(b) Plans, specifications, reports, and other instruments of service issued by a licensee shall be signed and sealed by the licensee.

(c) A person who affixes to a plan or other document the seal of a licensee without the licensee's authorization shall be fined not more than $1,000.00 or imprisoned not more than 30 days, or both.
26 V.S.A. § 54 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 1 / Section 54
§ 54. General powers and duties of the Board
Status: repealed

(a) The Board shall adopt rules concerning:

(1) a definition of the practice of public accountancy, interpreting section 13 of this title as appropriate;

(2) qualifications for obtaining licensure, interpreting the relevant statutes as appropriate;

(3) forms approved by the Secretary of State, which are to be used by the Board; and

(4) explanations of appeal and other significant rights given to applicants and the public.

(b) The Board may:

(1) conduct examinations and pass upon the qualifications of applicants for licensing;

(2) adopt rules of professional conduct for establishing and maintaining high standards of competence and integrity in the profession of public accounting;

(3) adopt rules establishing reasonable continuing education requirements, not to exceed 40 hours per year, and establish or approve continuing education programs to assist a licensee in meeting these requirements;

(4) investigate suspected violations of section 14 of this title and suspected unprofessional conduct;

(5) conduct hearings;

(6) issue subpoenas and administer oaths in connection with any authorized investigation or hearing;

(7) take or cause depositions to be taken as needed in any investigation or hearing before it;

(8) receive legal assistance from the Secretary of State's office and from the Attorney General;

(9) seek and obtain injunctions to restrain violations of section 14 of this title or unprofessional conduct;

(10) cooperate with licensing and regulatory authorities in other jurisdictions to investigate suspected violations of section 14 of this title and suspected unprofessional conduct; and

(11) adopt rules regarding peer reviews that may be required to be performed under this chapter.

(c) [Repealed.]
26 V.S.A. § 3295 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 67 / Section 3295
§ 3295. Examination for licensure as hearing aid dispenser
Status: in_force

(a) Examinations shall be administered in the manner and places designated by the Director.

(b) The examination shall cover the following: the basic physics of sound, anatomy, and physiology of the ear, structure and function of hearing aids, pure tone audiometry, voice and recorded speech audiometry, interpretation of audiograms as related to hearing aid usage, selection and adaptation of hearing aids, counseling people who are hard of hearing in the appropriate use of hearing aids, identifying situations in which referrals to a physician are appropriate, knowledge of medical and rehabilitation facilities for people who are hard of hearing in this State, and State and federal laws relating to dispensing hearing aids and other areas of knowledge determined by the Director to be necessary.

(c) If the applicant passes the examination and meets the other requirements set forth in this chapter, the applicant shall receive a license upon payment of the license fee.

(d) If an applicant fails the examination, the applicant may retake the examination on one or more occasions upon payment of the examination fee.

(e) The Director shall establish by rule fixed criteria for passing the examination that shall apply to all persons taking the examination.

(f) The Director may waive the examination requirement if the applicant is a hearing aid dispenser regulated under the laws of another state who is in good standing to dispense hearing aids in that state and, in the opinion of the Director, the standards and qualifications required for regulation of hearing aid dispensers in that state are currently at least equal to those required by this chapter.

(g) Licensing standards and procedures shall be fair and reasonable and shall be designed and implemented to measure and reasonably ensure that all applicants are granted licensure if they demonstrate that they possess the minimal occupational qualifications that are consistent with public health, safety, and welfare. They shall not be designed or implemented for the purpose of limiting the number or types of licensees.
26 V.S.A. § 1661 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 29 / Section 1661
§ 1661. Legal liability
Status: in_force

(a) The supervising anesthesiologist delegating activities to an anesthesiologist assistant shall be legally liable for such activities of the anesthesiologist assistant, and the anesthesiologist assistant shall in this relationship be the anesthesiologist's agent.

(b) Nothing in this chapter shall be construed as prohibiting an anesthesiologist from delegating to an anesthesiologist assistant certain activities relating to medical care and treatment now being carried out by custom and usage when such activities are under the control of the anesthesiologist. Nothing contained in this chapter shall be construed to apply to nurses acting pursuant to chapter 28 of this title.
26 V.S.A. § 3071 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 56 / Section 3071
§ 3071. Health care provider compacts; direction to Vermont representatives
Status: in_force

(a) The General Assembly finds that a state's prohibition of or limitation on the provision of gender-affirming health care services or reproductive health care services, or both, as defined by 1 V.S.A. § 150, prohibits health care providers from following health care best practices and is a failure on the part of the state to provide health care services that are medically necessary and clinically appropriate for its residents. Therefore, it is the General Assembly's intent to protect the ability of professionals licensed, certified, or registered in Vermont, and professionals from other member states seeking to practice a profession in Vermont pursuant to an interstate compact or agreement, to have the benefit of compacts and agreements while at the same time engaging in, providing, or otherwise facilitating, personally or professionally, gender-affirming health care and reproductive health care services.

(b) Vermont's representative or delegate for an interstate compact or agreement related to health care shall seek an amendment or exception to the language, rules, directives, or bylaws of the compact or agreement, as necessary, so that if a licensee is disciplined by another state solely for providing or assisting in the provision of gender-affirming health care services or reproductive health care services that would be legal and meet professional standards of care if provided in Vermont, the compact or agreement does not require that Vermont take professional disciplinary action against the licensee.
26 V.S.A. § 3275k — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 65 / Section 3275k
§ 3275k. Rulemaking
Status: in_force

(a) The Commission shall promulgate reasonable rules in order to effectively and efficiently achieve the purpose of the Compact. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event the Commission exercises its rulemaking authority in a manner that is beyond the scope of the purposes of the Compact, or the powers granted hereunder, then such an action by the Commission shall be invalid and have no force or effect.

(b) The Commission shall exercise its rulemaking powers pursuant to the criteria set forth in this section and the rules adopted thereunder. Rules and amendments shall become binding as of the date specified in each rule or amendment.

(c) If a majority of the legislatures of the member states rejects a rule, by enactment of a statute or resolution in the same manner used to adopt the Compact within four years of the date of adoption of the rule, then such rule shall have no further force and effect in any member state.

(d) Rules or amendments to the rules shall be adopted at a regular or special meeting of the Commission.

(e) Prior to promulgation and adoption of a final rule or rules by the Commission, and at least 30 days in advance of the meeting at which the rule will be considered and voted upon, the Commission shall file a notice of proposed rulemaking:

(1) on the website of the Commission or other publicly accessible platform; and

(2) on the website of each member state professional counseling licensing board or other publicly accessible platform or the publication in which each state would otherwise publish proposed rules.

(f) The notice of proposed rulemaking shall include:

(1) the proposed time, date, and location of the meeting in which the rule will be considered and voted upon;

(2) the text of the proposed rule or amendment and the reason for the proposed rule;

(3) a request for comments on the proposed rule from any interested person; and

(4) the manner in which interested persons may submit notice to the Commission of their intention to attend the public hearing and any written comments.

(g) Prior to adoption of a proposed rule, the Commission shall allow persons to submit written data, facts, opinions, and arguments, which shall be made available to the public.

(h) The Commission shall grant an opportunity for a public hearing before it adopts a rule or amendment if a hearing is requested by:

(1) at least 25 persons;

(2) a state or federal governmental subdivision or agency; or

(3) an association having at least 25 members.

(i) If a hearing is held on the proposed rule or amendment, the Commission shall publish the place, time, and date of the scheduled public hearing. If the hearing is held via electronic means, the Commission shall publish the mechanism for access to the electronic hearing.

(1) All persons wishing to be heard at the hearing shall notify the executive director of the Commission or other designated member in writing of their desire to appear and testify at the hearing not less than five business days before the scheduled date of the hearing.

(2) Hearings shall be conducted in a manner providing each person who wishes to comment a fair and reasonable opportunity to comment orally or in writing.

(3) All hearings will be recorded. A copy of the recording will be made available on request.

(4) Nothing in this section shall be construed as requiring a separate hearing on each rule. Rules may be grouped for the convenience of the Commission at hearings required by this section.

(j) Following the scheduled hearing date, or by the close of business on the scheduled hearing date if the hearing was not held, the Commission shall consider all written and oral comments received.

(k) If no written notice of intent to attend the public hearing by interested parties is received, the Commission may proceed with promulgation of the proposed rule without a public hearing.

(l) The Commission shall, by majority vote of all members, take final action on the proposed rule and shall determine the effective date of the rule, if any, based on the rulemaking record and the full text of the rule.

(m) Upon determination that an emergency exists, the Commission may consider and adopt an emergency rule without prior notice, opportunity for comment, or hearing, provided that the usual rulemaking procedures provided in the Compact and in this section shall be retroactively applied to the rule as soon as reasonably possible, in no event later than 90 days after the effective date of the rule. For the purposes of this provision, an emergency rule is one that must be adopted immediately in order to:

(1) meet an imminent threat to public health, safety, or welfare;

(2) prevent a loss of Commission or member state funds;

(3) meet a deadline for the promulgation of an administrative rule that is established by federal law or rule; or

(4) protect public health and safety.

(n) The Commission or an authorized committee of the Commission may direct revisions to a previously adopted rule or amendment for purposes of correcting typographical errors, errors in format, errors in consistency, or grammatical errors. Public notice of any revisions shall be posted on the website of the Commission. The revision shall be subject to challenge by any person for a period of 30 days after posting. The revision may be challenged only on grounds that the revision results in a material change to a rule. A challenge shall be made in writing and delivered to the Chair of the Commission prior to the end of the notice period. If no challenge is made, the revision will take effect without further action. If the revision is challenged, the revision may not take effect without the approval of the Commission.
26 V.S.A. § 3375 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 71 / Section 3375
§ 3375. Rulemaking
Status: in_force

(a) The Commission shall exercise its rulemaking powers pursuant to the criteria set forth in this section and the rules adopted thereunder. Rules and amendments shall become binding as of the date specified in each rule or amendment.

(b) The Commission shall promulgate reasonable rules in order to effectively and efficiently achieve the purposes of the Compact. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event the Commission exercises its rulemaking authority in a manner that is beyond the scope of the purposes of the Compact, or the powers granted hereunder, then such an action by the Commission shall be invalid and have no force and effect.

(c) If a majority of the legislatures of the member states rejects a rule, by enactment of a statute or resolution in the same manner used to adopt the Compact within four years of the date of adoption of the rule, then such rule shall have no further force and effect in any member state.

(d) Rules or amendments to the rules shall be adopted at a regular or special meeting of the Commission.

(e) Prior to promulgation and adoption of a final rule or rules by the Commission, and at least 30 days in advance of the meeting at which the rule will be considered and voted upon, the Commission shall file a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking:

(1) on the website of the Commission or other publicly accessible platform; and

(2) on the website of each member state occupational therapy licensing board or other publicly accessible platform or the publication in which each state would otherwise publish proposed rules.

(f) The Notice of Proposed Rulemaking shall include:

(1) the proposed time, date, and location of the meeting in which the rule will be considered and voted upon;

(2) the text of the proposed rule or amendment and the reason for the proposed rule;

(3) a request for comments on the proposed rule from any interested person; and

(4) the manner in which interested persons may submit notice to the Commission of their intention to attend the public hearing and any written comments.

(g) Prior to adoption of a proposed rule, the Commission shall allow persons to submit written data, facts, opinions, and arguments, which shall be made available to the public.

(h) The Commission shall grant an opportunity for a public hearing before it adopts a rule or amendment if a hearing is requested by:

(1) at least 25 persons;

(2) a state or federal governmental subdivision or agency; or

(3) an association or organization having at least 25 members.

(i) If a hearing is held on the proposed rule or amendment, the Commission shall publish the place, time, and date of the scheduled public hearing. If the hearing is held via electronic means, the Commission shall publish the mechanism for access to the electronic hearing.

(1) All persons wishing to be heard at the hearing shall notify the executive director of the Commission or other designated member in writing of their desire to appear and testify at the hearing not less than five business days before the scheduled date of the hearing.

(2) Hearings shall be conducted in a manner providing each person who wishes to comment a fair and reasonable opportunity to comment orally or in writing.

(3) All hearings will be recorded. A copy of the recording will be made available on request.

(4) Nothing in this section shall be construed as requiring a separate hearing on each rule. Rules may be grouped for the convenience of the Commission at hearings required by this section.

(j) Following the scheduled hearing date, or by the close of business on the scheduled hearing date if the hearing was not held, the Commission shall consider all written and oral comments received.

(k) If no written notice of intent to attend the public hearing by interested parties is received, the Commission may proceed with promulgation of the proposed rule without a public hearing.

(l) The Commission shall, by majority vote of all members, take final action on the proposed rule and shall determine the effective date of the rule, if any, based on the rulemaking record and the full text of the rule.

(m) Upon determination that an emergency exists, the Commission may consider and adopt an emergency rule without prior notice, opportunity for comment, or hearing, provided that the usual rulemaking procedures provided in the Compact and in this section shall be retroactively applied to the rule as soon as reasonably possible, in no event later than 90 days after the effective date of the rule. For the purposes of this provision, an emergency rule is one that must be adopted immediately in order to:

(1) meet an imminent threat to public health, safety, or welfare;

(2) prevent a loss of Commission or member state funds;

(3) meet a deadline for the promulgation of an administrative rule that is established by federal law or rule; or

(4) protect public health and safety.

(n) The Commission or an authorized committee of the Commission may direct revisions to a previously adopted rule or amendment for purposes of correcting typographical errors, errors in format, errors in consistency, or grammatical errors. Public notice of any revisions shall be posted on the website of the Commission. The revision shall be subject to challenge by any person for a period of 30 days after posting. The revision may be challenged only on grounds that the revision results in a material change to a rule. A challenge shall be made in writing and delivered to the chair of the Commission prior to the end of the notice period. If no challenge is made, the revision will take effect without further action. If the revision is challenged, the revision may not take effect without the approval of the Commission.
26 V.S.A. § 3229 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 61 / Section 3229
§ 3229. Construction and severability
Status: in_force

(a) This Compact and the Commission's rulemaking authority shall be liberally construed so as to effectuate the purposes and the implementation and administration of the Compact. Provisions of the Compact expressly authorizing or requiring the promulgation of rules shall not be construed to limit the Commission's rulemaking authority solely for those purposes.

(b) The provisions of this Compact shall be severable and if any phrase, clause, sentence, or provision of this Compact is held by a court of competent jurisdiction to be contrary to the constitution of any member state, a state seeking participation in the Compact, or of the United States, or the applicability thereof to any government, agency, person, or circumstance is held to be unconstitutional by a court of competent jurisdiction, the validity of the remainder of this Compact and the applicability thereof to any other government, agency, person, or circumstance shall not be affected thereby.

(c) Notwithstanding subsection (b) of this section, the Commission may deny a state's participation in the Compact or, in accordance with the requirements of subsection 3227(b) of this title, terminate a member state's participation in the Compact if it determines that a constitutional requirement of a member state is a material departure from the Compact. Otherwise, if this Compact shall be held to be contrary to the constitution of any member state, the Compact shall remain in full force and effect as to the remaining member states and in full force and effect as to the member state affected as to all severable matters.
26 V.S.A. § 4129 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 81 / Section 4129
§ 4129. Waiver of licensing examination requirement
Status: in_force

The Director shall waive the examination requirement if the applicant is a naturopathic physician regulated under the laws of another jurisdiction who is in good standing to practice naturopathic medicine in that jurisdiction and, in the opinion of the Director, the standards and qualifications required for regulation in that jurisdiction are at least equal to those required by this chapter.
26 V.S.A. § 1735b — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 31 / Section 1735b
§ 1735b. Physician assistant as primary care provider
Status: in_force

Notwithstanding any provision of law to the contrary, a physician assistant shall be considered a primary care provider when the physician assistant practices in one or more of the medical specialties for which a physician would be considered to be a primary care provider.
26 V.S.A. § 2853 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 52 / Section 2853
§ 2853. Application
Status: in_force

(a) An application for certification shall be accompanied by an application by the proposed primary supervising radiologist that shall contain a statement that the radiologist shall be responsible for all professional activities of the radiologist assistant.

(b) An application for certification shall be accompanied by a protocol signed by one proposed supervising radiologist and proof of employment of the radiologist assistant by that radiologist or by the hospital at which the radiologist practices. The supervising radiologist who signs the protocol shall be deemed the primary supervisor of the radiologist assistant for the purposes of this chapter.

(c) The applicant shall submit to the Board any other information the Board considers necessary to evaluate the applicant's qualifications.
26 V.S.A. § 2856 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 52 / Section 2856
§ 2856. Renewal of certification
Status: in_force

(a) At least one month prior to the date on which renewal is required, the Board shall send to each radiology assistant a renewal application form and notice of the date on which the existing certification will expire. On or before the renewal date, the radiologist assistant shall file an application for renewal, pay the required fee, and submit proof of current active ARRT certification, including compliance with continuing education requirements. The Board shall register the applicant and issue the renewal certification. Within one month following the date renewal is required, the Board shall pay the certification renewal fees into the Medical Practice Board Special Fund.

[Subsection (b) effective 60 days after the adoption of Board rules.]

(b) A certification that has lapsed may be reinstated on payment of a renewal fee and a late renewal fee. The applicant shall not be required to pay back renewal fees for the periods when certification was lapsed. However, if certification remains lapsed for a period of three years, the Board may require the applicant to update his or her knowledge and skills as defined by Board rules.
26 V.S.A. § 1420f — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 23 / Section 1420f
§ 1420f. Fees for expedited licensure
Status: in_force

(a) A member state issuing an expedited license authorizing the practice of medicine in that state may impose a fee for a license issued or renewed through the Compact.

(b) The Interstate Commission is authorized to develop rules regarding fees for expedited licenses.
26 V.S.A. § 562 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 12 / Section 562
§ 562. Prohibitions
Status: in_force

(a) No person may use in connection with a name any words, including “Doctor of Dental Surgery” or “Doctor of Dental Medicine,” or any letters, signs, or figures, including the letters “D.D.S.” or “D.M.D.,” that imply that a person is a licensed dentist when not authorized under this chapter.

(b) No person may practice as a dentist, dental therapist, or dental hygienist unless currently licensed to do so under the provisions of this chapter.

(c) No person may practice as a dental assistant unless currently registered under the provisions of this chapter.

(d) A person who violates this section shall be subject to the penalties provided in 3 V.S.A. § 127.
26 V.S.A. § 2293 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 41 / Section 2293
§ 2293. Renewal of license; expired license
Status: in_force

Licenses shall be renewed every two years without examination and on payment of the required fees, provided that the person applying for renewal completes at least 24 hours of instruction for brokers and 16 hours of instruction for salespersons, approved by the Commission, during the preceding two-year period. Four hours of this continuing education instruction shall address legislation and other topics specified by the Commission for each renewal period.
26 V.S.A. § 5204 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 101 / Section 5204
§ 5204. Exemptions
Status: in_force

The following shall not require a license under this chapter:

(1) An individual, college or university, family, family trust, or business from practicing forestry on his, her, or its own lands, provided that a business may only practice forestry on an aggregate of not more than 400 acres of its own lands.

(2) The practice of any other occupation or profession by a person duly licensed or otherwise authorized under the laws of this State.

(3)(A) An individual from carrying out forest practices when acting under the general supervision of a forester or acting as an expert consultant on work related to forestry, such as forest certification audits or the study of hydrology or wildlife biology.

(B) As used in subdivision (A) of this subdivision (3), “general supervision” means the forester need not be on-site when the individual performs the work described in subdivision (A), but shall maintain continued involvement in and accept professional responsibility for that work.

(4) Unlicensed professional activities within or relating to forests, if such activities do not involve the application of forestry principles or judgment and do not require forestry education, training, and experience to ensure competent performance.
26 V.S.A. § 4704 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 91 / Section 4704
§ 4704. Director of the Office of Professional Regulation; duties
Status: in_force

(a) The Director shall:

(1) provide general information to applicants for licensure as respiratory care practitioners;

(2) administer fees as provided for under 3 V.S.A. § 125(b);

(3) explain appeal procedures to respiratory care practitioners and applicants and explain complaint procedures to the public;

(4) receive applications for licensure, license applicants under this chapter, and renew licenses;

(5) refer all disciplinary matters to an administrative law officer;

(6) revoke, suspend, reinstate, or condition licenses as ordered by an administrative law officer;

(7) issue reprimands or impose administrative penalties as ordered by an administrative law officer.

(b) The Director of the Office of Professional Regulation, with the advice of the advisor appointees, may adopt rules necessary to perform the duties provided under this chapter.
26 V.S.A. § 1737 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 31 / Section 1737
§ 1737. Disposition of complaints
Status: in_force

(a) Complaints and allegations of unprofessional conduct shall be processed in accordance with the rules of procedure of the Board of Medical Practice.

(b) Any person, firm, corporation, or public officer may submit a written complaint to the Board alleging a physician assistant practicing in the State committed unprofessional conduct, specifying the grounds. The Board may initiate disciplinary action in any complaint against a physician assistant and may act without having received a complaint.

(c) After giving opportunity for hearing, the Board shall take disciplinary action described in subsection 1361(b) of this title against a physician assistant or applicant found guilty of unprofessional conduct.

(d) The Board may approve a negotiated agreement between the parties when it is in the best interests of the public health, safety, or welfare to do so. Such an agreement may include any of the following conditions or restrictions, which may be in addition to, or in lieu of, suspension:

(1) A requirement that the individual submit to care or counseling.

(2) A restriction that the individual practice only under supervision of a named person or a person with specified credentials.

(3) A requirement that the individual participate in continuing education in order to overcome specified practical deficiencies.

(4) A requirement that the scope of practice permitted be restricted to a specified extent.

(5) An administrative penalty not to exceed $1,000.00 for each act that constitutes an unprofessional conduct violation. Any money received from the imposition of an administrative penalty imposed under this subdivision shall be deposited into the Board of Medical Practice Regulatory Fee Fund for the purpose of providing education and training for Board members and the professions regulated by the Board. The Commissioner shall detail in the annual report receipts and expenses from money received under this subsection.

(e) Upon application, the Board may modify the terms of an order under this section and, if licensure has been revoked or suspended, order reinstatement on terms and conditions it deems proper.
26 V.S.A. § 2022 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 36 / Section 2022
§ 2022. Definitions
Status: in_force

As used in this chapter:

(1) “Blood” means whole blood collected from a single donor and processed either for transfusion or further manufacturing.

(2) “Blood component” means that part of blood separated by physical or mechanical means.

(3) “Board of Pharmacy” or “Board” means the Vermont State Board of Pharmacy.

(4) “Disciplinary action” or “disciplinary cases” includes any action taken by the Board against a licensee or others premised upon a finding of unprofessional conduct by the licensee. It includes all sanctions of any kind, including obtaining injunctions, issuing warnings, and other similar sanctions.

(5) “Dispense” or “dispensing” means the preparation and delivery of a prescription drug pursuant to a lawful order of a practitioner in a suitable container appropriately labeled for subsequent administration to or use by a patient or other individual entitled to receive the prescription drug.

(6) “Drug” means:

(A) articles recognized as drugs in the official U.S. Pharmacopoeia, official national formulary, official homeopathic pharmacopoeia, other drug compendium, or any supplement to any of them;

(B) articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease in humans;

(C) articles (other than food) intended to affect the structure or any function of the body of humans; and

(D) articles intended for use as a component of any articles specified in subdivision (A), (B), or (C) of this subdivision (6).

(7) “Drug outlet” means all pharmacies, wholesalers, manufacturers, and other entities that are engaged in the manufacture, dispensing, delivery, or distribution of prescription drugs.

(8) “Drug sample” means a unit of a prescription drug that is not intended to be sold and is intended to promote the sale of the drug.

(9) “Financial interest” means being:

(A) a licensed practitioner of pharmacy;

(B) a person who deals in goods and services that are uniquely related to the practice of pharmacy;

(C) a person who has invested anything of value in a business that provides pharmacy services; or

(D) a person who is a parent, child, brother, sister, grandparent, or spouse of any person otherwise having a “financial interest” under this subsection.

(10) “Manufacturer” means a person, regardless of form, engaged in the manufacturing of drugs or devices.

(11)(A) “Manufacturing” means the production, preparation, propagation, conversion, or processing of a drug or device, either directly or indirectly, by extraction from substances of natural origin or independently by means of chemical or biological synthesis.

(B) “Manufacturing” includes the packaging or repackaging of a drug or device; the labeling or relabeling of the container of a drug or device for resale by a pharmacy, practitioner, or other person; and virtual manufacturing by an entity that sells its own prescription drug or device without physically possessing the product.

(12) “Nonprescription drugs” means nonnarcotic medicines or drugs that may be sold without a prescription and that are prepackaged for use by the consumer and labeled in accordance with the requirements of the statutes and regulations of this State and the federal government.

(13) “Pharmacist” means an individual licensed under this chapter.

(14) “Pharmacy technician” means an individual who, only while assisting and under the supervision of a licensed pharmacist, performs tasks relative to dispensing prescription drugs, administering immunizations, and performing tests for COVID-19. Pharmacy technicians shall administer immunizations and perform tests for COVID-19 in compliance and accordance with section 2042a of this title.

(15)(A) “Practice of pharmacy” means:

(i) interpreting and evaluating prescription orders;

(ii) compounding, dispensing, and labeling drugs and legend devices (except labeling by a manufacturer, packer, or distributor of nonprescription drugs and commercially packaged legend drugs and legend devices);

(iii) participating in drug selection and drug utilization reviews;

(iv) properly and safely storing drugs and legend devices, and maintaining proper records therefor;

(v) advising, where necessary or where regulated, of therapeutic values, content, hazards, and use of drugs and legend devices;

(vi) providing patient care services within the pharmacist's authorized scope of practice;

(vii) the practice of clinical pharmacy; and

(viii) performing or offering to perform those acts, services, operations, or transactions necessary in the conduct, operation, management, and control of pharmacy.

(B) “Practice of clinical pharmacy” or “clinical pharmacy” means:

(i) the health science discipline in which, in conjunction with the patient's other practitioners, a pharmacist provides patient care to optimize medication therapy and to promote disease prevention and the patient's health and wellness;

(ii) providing patient care services within the pharmacist's authorized scope of practice, including medication therapy management, comprehensive medication review, and postdiagnostic disease state management services;

(iii) practicing pharmacy pursuant to a collaborative practice agreement; or

(iv) prescribing as provided under section 2023 of this subchapter.

(C) The Board shall not adopt any rule requiring that pharmacists or pharmacies be involved in the sale and distribution of nonprescription drugs; provided, however, that nothing in this subdivision (C) shall limit the authority of the Board to adopt rules applicable to the elective sale or distribution of nonprescription drugs by pharmacists or pharmacies.

(16) “Practitioner” means an individual authorized by the laws of the United States or its jurisdictions or Canada to prescribe and administer prescription drugs in the course of his or her professional practice and permitted by that authorization to dispense, conduct research with respect to, or administer drugs in the course of his or her professional practice or research in his or her respective state or province.

(17) “Prescription drug” means any human drug required by federal law or regulation to be dispensed only by a prescription, including finished dosage forms and active ingredients subject to Section 503(b) of the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act.

(18) “Wholesale distribution” means distribution of prescription drugs to persons other than a consumer or patient, but does not include:

(A) Intracompany sales, meaning any transaction or transfer between any division, subsidiary, parent, or affiliated or related company under common ownership and control of a corporate entity.

(B) The purchase or other acquisition by a hospital or other health care entity that is a member of a group purchasing organization of a drug for its own use from the group purchasing organization or from other hospitals or health care entities that are members of such organizations.

(C) The sale, purchase, or trade of a drug or an offer to sell, purchase, or trade a drug by a charitable organization described in Section 501(c)(3) of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, to a nonprofit affiliate of the organization to the extent otherwise permitted by law.

(D) The sale, purchase, or trade of a drug or an offer to sell, purchase, or trade a drug among hospitals or other health care entities that are under common control. For purposes of this subdivision, “common control” means the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of a person or an organization, whether by ownership of stock, voting rights, by contract or otherwise.

(E) The sale, purchase, or trade of a drug or an offer to sell, purchase, or trade a drug for “emergency medical reasons.” For purposes of this subdivision, “emergency medical reasons” include transfers of prescription drugs by a retail pharmacy to another retail pharmacy to alleviate a temporary shortage.

(F) The sale, purchase, or trade of a drug, an offer to sell, purchase, or trade a drug, or the dispensing of a drug pursuant to a prescription.

(G) The distribution of drug samples by manufacturers' representatives or distributors' representatives.

(H) The sale, purchase, or trade of blood or blood components intended for transfusion.

(19)(A) “Wholesale distributor” means any person who is engaged in wholesale distribution of prescription drugs, including virtual distribution by an entity that sells a prescription drug or device without physically possessing the product.

(B) “Wholesale distributor” does not include any for-hire carrier or person hired solely to transport prescription drugs.

(20) “Collaborative practice agreement” means a written agreement between a pharmacist and a health care facility or prescribing practitioner that permits the pharmacist to engage in the practice of clinical pharmacy for the benefit of the facility's or practitioner's patients.

(21) “Self-administered hormonal contraceptive” means a contraceptive medication or device approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration that prevents pregnancy by using hormones to regulate or prevent ovulation and that uses an oral, transdermal, subcutaneous, or vaginal route of administration.

(22) “Emergency contraception” means any drug approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration as a contraceptive method for use after sexual intercourse, whether provided over the counter or by prescription.
26 V.S.A. § 4401 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 86 / Section 4401
§ 4401. Purpose
Status: in_force

The General Assembly finds that the public's health would be better protected if services by electrologists were regulated, because the unregulated practice of electrology can harm or endanger the health, safety, or welfare of the public through use of improper sterilization and infection control procedures. Electrology is the procedure performed to remove hair permanently from the human body. This is accomplished by inserting a fine, sterile needle into the hair follicle and applying a measured amount of electricity to produce heat or a chemical reaction to permanently destroy the hair follicle's germinating capacity. The practice of electrology requires adherence to strict sanitary and sterilization processes and, therefore, regulation should be by licensure of electrologists.
26 V.S.A. § 6036 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 109 / Section 6036
§ 6036. Medical exam
Status: in_force

The Director shall adopt rules for medical examination of contestants and participants, as needed, including examinations before, during, and after a match or event and as a condition of licensure under this subchapter.
26 V.S.A. § 3361 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 71 / Section 3361
§ 3361. Unprofessional conduct
Status: in_force

(a) A person licensed under this chapter or a person applying for a license shall not engage in unprofessional conduct.

(b) Unprofessional conduct means the following conduct and conduct set forth in 3 V.S.A. § 129a:

(1) Misrepresentation or concealment of a material fact to obtain, renew, or reinstate a license under this chapter.

(2) Suspension or revocation of a license, certificate, or registration to practice occupational therapy in another jurisdiction on one or more of the grounds specified in this section.

(3) Willful disregard of a subpoena or notice of the Office of Professional Regulation.

(4) Failure to keep written occupational therapy records justifying a course of treatment for a patient, including patient histories, examination results, and test results.

(5) Performing professional services that have not been authorized by the patient or his or her legal representative.

(6) Performing any procedure or prescribing any therapy that, by the prevailing standards of occupational therapy practice, would constitute experimentation on a human subject without first obtaining full, informed, and written consent.

(7) In the course of practice, gross failure to use and exercise on a particular occasion or the failure to use and exercise on repeated occasions, that degree of care, skill, and proficiency which is commonly exercised by the ordinary skillful, careful, and prudent occupational therapist or occupational therapy assistant engaged in similar practice under the same or similar conditions, whether or not actual injury to a patient has occurred and whether or not committed within or without the State.

(8) Delegating professional responsibilities to a person who the certificate holder knows, or has reason to know, is not qualified by training, experience, or certification to perform them.

(9) Conduct that evidences unfitness to practice.

(10) Addiction to narcotics, habitual drunkenness, or rendering professional services to a patient if the occupational therapist or occupational therapy assistant is intoxicated or under the influence of drugs.

(11) Sexual harassment of a patient.

(12) Engaging in a sexual act as defined in 13 V.S.A. § 3251 with a patient under the care of the person licensed under this chapter.

(c) In connection with a disciplinary action, the Office of Professional Regulation may refuse to accept the return of a license tendered by the subject of a disciplinary investigation.

(d) The burden of proof in a disciplinary action shall be on the State to show by a preponderance of the evidence that the person has engaged in unprofessional conduct.

(e) After hearing and upon a finding of unprofessional conduct, or upon approval of a negotiated agreement, an administrative law officer may take disciplinary action against the occupational therapist or occupational therapy assistant, or applicant. That action may include any of the following conditions or restrictions, which may be in addition to or in lieu of suspension:

(1) A requirement that the person submit to care or counseling.

(2) A restriction that a licensee practice only under supervision of a named individual or an individual with specified credentials.

(3) A requirement that an occupational therapist or occupational therapy assistant participate in continuing education as directed by the administrative law officer, in order to overcome specified deficiencies.

(4) A requirement that the licensee's scope of practice be restricted to a specified extent.

(f) The administrative law officer may reinstate a revoked license on terms and conditions he or she deems proper.
26 V.S.A. § 2674 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 47 / Section 2674
§ 2674. Optician trainee; registration
Status: in_force

(a) Any person entering into employment for the purpose of obtaining practical experience and skill as a licensed optician shall register as an optician trainee with the Office within 60 days of entering the employment. The computation of any period of training shall commence at the date of the registration.

(b) The application for registration shall be certified by the employer and by the applicant and accompanied by an application fee. The Office may issue to the applicant an optician trainee's certificate. Every registered optician trainee who continues to act as an optician trainee shall, biennially, renew his or her optician trainee's certificate of registration by paying a renewal fee.

(c) No optician may have more than two optician trainees under his or her supervision during any given period of time, nor shall any establishment employ more than two optician trainees for every full-time optician in its employment. An optician trainee must be under direct personal supervision of an optician, optometrist, or ophthalmologist. A supervisor shall provide direct personal supervision of an optician trainee, while the optician trainee is working, by being physically present for consultation or intervention on the premises where the trainee is working. Merely being available at another optical facility for consultation does not constitute direct personal supervision.
26 V.S.A. § 1447 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 23 / Section 1447
§ 1447. Dissolution
Status: in_force

In the event of dissolution without a successor, the corporation shall transfer all its quality assurance data to the Department of Health. While the data is in the possession of the Department of Health, the Commissioner may disclose such data to the public as long as individual patients or health care practitioners are not directly or indirectly identifiable.
26 V.S.A. § 372 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 7 / Section 372
§ 372. Licensure without examination
Status: in_force

(a) A person who is licensed under the laws of another jurisdiction and who desires licensure as a podiatrist without examination shall apply to the Board in writing on a form furnished by it and pay the specified fee. The Board shall license that person if it deems that person has met requirements in the other jurisdiction that are substantially equal to those of this State. The Board may adopt such rules as are reasonable and necessary for the protection of the public to ensure that applicants under this section are professionally qualified.

(b)(1) The Board shall have an endorsement process for podiatrist licensure that requires not more than three years of practice in good standing in another jurisdiction within the United States, regardless of whether that jurisdiction has licensing requirements substantially equal to those of this State, so long as the applicant meets one of the following postgraduate training requirements:

(A) A graduate of a U.S. or Canadian podiatric school accredited by a body that is acceptable to the Board shall have successfully completed at least two years of postgraduate training in a U.S. or Canadian program accredited by an organization that is acceptable to the Board; or

(B) A graduate of a Board-approved podiatric school outside the United States or Canada shall have successfully completed at least three years of postgraduate training in a U.S. or Canadian program accredited by an organization that is acceptable to the Board.

(2) If the Board determines that three years of demonstrated practice in another specific jurisdiction is not adequately protective of the public, it shall provide its rationale to the Commissioner, who may propose any necessary statutory or rule amendments in order to implement more restrictive requirements for endorsement for that jurisdiction.

(3) The Board may issue to an endorsement applicant a waiver of the practice requirement if there is a showing that the waiver follows State policy and the public is adequately protected.
26 V.S.A. § 75a — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 1 / Section 75a
§ 75a. Agent for process
Status: in_force

An application under this chapter for a license or registration by a person who is not a resident of this State shall constitute the appointment of the Secretary of State as an agent for service of process in any action or proceeding arising out of any transaction, activity, or operation in this State by the applicant concerning the practice of public accounting.
26 V.S.A. § 2904 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 53 / Section 2904
§ 2904. Qualifications for license
Status: in_force

A person may be licensed as a polygraph examiner or an intern if he or she:

(1) establishes that he or she is a person of honesty, truthfulness, integrity, and moral fitness;

(2) has not been convicted of a felony or a misdemeanor involving moral turpitude;

(3) except in the case of an intern, is a graduate of a polygraph examiners course approved by the Commissioner; and

(4) has satisfactorily completed not less than six months of internship training or has completed such other training as the Commissioner may prescribe.
26 V.S.A. § 51 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 1 / Section 51
§ 51. Creation of Board
Status: in_force

(a) The Board of Public Accountancy is created, consisting of five members, who shall be residents of this State.

(b) At least one member of the Board shall be a member of the public who has no pecuniary interest in accounting other than as a consumer or possible consumer of its services. The member shall have no pecuniary interest personally or through a spouse, parent, child, brother, or sister.

(c) At least three members of the Board shall be licensed certified public accountants.

(d) Board members shall be appointed for five-year terms by the Governor in accordance with 3 V.S.A. § 129b.
26 V.S.A. § 3382 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 73 / Section 3382
§ 3382. Prohibition; penalty
Status: in_force

(a) No person shall use in connection with the person's name any letters, words, or insignia indicating or implying that the person is a certified dietitian unless the person is certified in accordance with this chapter.

(b) A person who violates this section shall be subject to the penalties provided in 3 V.S.A. § 127(c).
26 V.S.A. § 1351 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 23 / Section 1351
§ 1351. Board of Medical Practice
Status: in_force

(a) The Board of Medical Practice is created. The Board shall be composed of 17 members, nine of whom shall be licensed physicians, one of whom shall be a physician assistant licensed pursuant to chapter 31 of this title, one of whom shall be a podiatrist licensed pursuant to chapter 7 of this title, and six of whom shall be persons not associated with the medical field. The Governor, with the advice and consent of the Senate, shall appoint the members of the Board. Appointments shall be for a term of five years, except that a vacancy occurring during a term shall be filled by an appointment by the Governor for the unexpired term. No member shall be appointed to more than two consecutive full terms, but a member appointed for less than a full term, originally or to fill a vacancy, may serve two full terms in addition to such part of a full term, and a former member shall again be eligible for appointment after a lapse of one or more years. Any member of the Board may be removed by the Governor at any time. The Board shall elect from its members a chair, vice chair, and secretary who shall serve for one year and until their successors are appointed and qualified. The Board shall meet upon the call of the Chair or the Commissioner of Health, or at such other times and places as the Board may determine. Except as otherwise provided in sections 1372, 1373, and 1374 of this title, nine members of the Board shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business. The affirmative vote of the majority of the members present and voting shall be required to carry any motion or resolution, to adopt any rule, to pass any measure, or to authorize any decision or order of the Board.

(b) In the performance of their duties, members of the Board shall be paid a per diem and their actual and necessary expenses as provided by 32 V.S.A. § 1010(b).

(c) The Board of Medical Practice is established as an office within the Department of Health. With respect to the Board, the Commissioner shall have the following powers and duties to:

(1) Appoint a director of the office.

(2) Employ or contract for legal counsel and such assistants as may be required, to fix the compensation to be paid for these services, and to incur such other expenses as the Commissioner determines are necessary.

(3) Employ, contract, or make arrangements for the performance of administrative, investigative, and similar services required or appropriate in the performance of the duties of the Board.

(4) Act as custodian of the records of the Board.

(5) Prepare an annual budget and administer money appropriated to the Board by the General Assembly. The budget of the Board shall be part of the budget of the Department. A Board of Medical Practice Regulatory Fee Fund is created. All Board regulatory fees received by the Department shall be deposited into this Fund and used to offset up to two years of the costs incurred by the Board, and shall not be used for any purpose other than professional regulation and responsibilities of the Board, as determined by the Commissioner of Health. To ensure that revenues derived by the Department are adequate to offset the cost of regulation, the Commissioner shall review fees from time to time, and present proposed fee changes to the General Assembly.

(6) Prepare and maintain a registry of all physicians licensed by the Board.

(7) Make available an accounting of all fees and fines received by the Board and all expenditures and costs of the Board annually.

(d) The Commissioner of Health shall appoint, and may terminate the employment of, the Director, administrative support staff, and any investigator or private legal counsel employed or retained by the Board.

(e) The Commissioner of Health shall adopt, amend, and repeal rules of the Board that the Commissioner determines necessary to carry out the provisions of this chapter and chapters 7, 29, 31, and 52 of this title.

(f)(1) A classified State employee who is employed as an investigator by the Department of Health who is certified as a Level III law enforcement officer under 20 V.S.A. chapter 151 shall have the same powers as sheriffs in criminal matters and the enforcement of the law and in serving criminal process, and shall have all the immunities and matters of defense now available or hereafter made available to sheriffs in a suit brought against him or her in consequence for acts done in the course of his or her employment.

(2) A Board of Medical Practice investigator employed by the Department of Health who is not certified as a Level III law enforcement officer under 20 V.S.A. chapter 151 shall annually obtain a minimum of 25 hours of training regarding the methods of conducting investigations of alleged unprofessional conduct, as approved by the Board.

(3) Any Board of Medical Practice investigator employed by the Department of Health shall obtain as soon as practicable and thereafter maintain certification by a nationally or regionally recognized entity regarding the investigation of licensing cases, as approved by the Board.
26 V.S.A. § 4187 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 85 / Section 4187
§ 4187. Renewals
Status: in_force

(a)(1) Biennially, the Director shall forward a renewal form to each licensed midwife. The completed form shall include verification that during the preceding two years, the licensed midwife has:

(A) completed 20 hours of continuing education approved by the Director by rule;

(B) participated in at least four peer reviews;

(C) submitted individual practice data;

(D) maintained current cardiopulmonary resuscitation certification; and

(E) filed a timely certificate of birth for each birth at which he or she was the attending midwife, as required by law.

(2) Upon receipt of the completed form and of the renewal fee, the Director shall issue a renewal license to applicants who qualify under this section.

(b) The Director shall renew a license that has lapsed for a period of three years or less upon receipt of the renewal fee and late renewal penalty, the reinstatement fee, and an application for renewal that shows that the person still meets the eligibility requirements of this chapter and that all the requirements for renewal, including continuing education, have been satisfied. A person shall not be required to pay renewal fees for lapsed years.

(c) The Director may adopt rules to assure that an applicant whose license has lapsed for a period greater than three years may be eligible for licensing, but such rules shall not establish requirements greater than the eligibility requirements of this chapter.
26 V.S.A. § 6003 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 109 / Section 6003
§ 6003. Advisor appointees
Status: in_force

(a) The Secretary of State shall appoint two persons to serve as advisors in matters related to boxing. One advisor shall be a person with at least three years' experience with boxing, and one shall be a medical doctor. The advisor appointees shall be appointed for staggered five-year terms and shall serve at the pleasure of the Secretary.

(b) The Director shall seek the advice of the advisors appointed under this section in carrying out the provisions of this subchapter. The advisors shall be entitled to compensation and necessary expenses in the amount provided in 32 V.S.A. § 1010 for attendance at any meeting called by the Director for this purpose.

(c) For purposes of the federal Professional Boxing Safety Act of 1995, as amended, the Director and the advisor appointees shall be deemed to be the Vermont State Boxing Commission.
26 V.S.A. § 4126 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 81 / Section 4126
§ 4126. Advisor appointees
Status: repealed

(a) The Secretary of State shall appoint two naturopathic physicians licensed under this chapter to serve as advisors to the Director in matters relating to naturopathic physicians. They shall be appointed as set forth in 3 V.S.A. § 129b and serve at the pleasure of the Secretary. One of the initial appointments shall be for less than a full term.

(b) Appointees shall have at least three years of experience as a naturopathic physician during the period immediately preceding appointment and shall be actively practicing naturopathic medicine in Vermont and remain in good standing during incumbency.

(c) The Director shall seek the advice of the advisor appointees under this section in carrying out the provisions of this chapter. The advisor appointees shall be entitled to compensation and necessary expenses as provided in 32 V.S.A. § 1010 for attendance at any meetings called by the Director for this purpose.

(d) [Repealed.]
26 V.S.A. § 3302 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 67 / Section 3302
§ 3302. Unprofessional conduct of audiologists
Status: in_force

(a) A licensee or applicant shall not engage in unprofessional conduct.

(b) Unprofessional conduct means the following conduct and the conduct set forth in 3 V.S.A. § 129a:

(1) willfully making or filing false reports or records in the practice of audiology, willfully impeding or obstructing the proper making or filing of reports or records, or willfully failing to file the proper report or record;

(2) aiding or abetting a person, directly or indirectly, to commit an unauthorized practice;

(3) giving, offering to give, or causing to be given, directly or indirectly, money or anything of value to any person who advises another in a professional capacity, as an inducement for the professional to influence others to purchase goods or services from the licensee;

(4) advertising or making a representation that is intended or has a tendency to deceive the public, including:

(A) advertising a particular type of service, equipment, or hearing aid when the particular service, equipment, or hearing aid is not available;

(B) stating or implying that the use of a hearing aid will retard the progression of a hearing impairment;

(C) advertising or making any statement related to the practice of audiology that is intended to or tends to deceive or mislead the public; and

(D) using, promoting, or causing the use of any misleading, deceiving, improbable, or untruthful advertising matter, promotional literature, testimonial guarantee, warranty, label, brand, insignia, or any other representation;

(5) engaging in any unfair or deceptive act or practice within the meaning of 9 V.S.A. § 2453, relating to consumer protection;

(6) willfully failing to honor any representation, promise, agreement, or warranty to a client or consumer;

(7) professional negligence or malpractice;

(8) any of the following, except when reasonably undertaken in an emergency situation in order to protect life or health:

(A) practicing or offering to practice beyond the scope permitted by law;

(B) accepting and performing professional or occupational responsibilities that the licensee knows or has reason to know the licensee is not competent to perform; or

(C) performing professional or occupational services that have not been authorized by the consumer or his or her legal representative;

(9) failing to make available, upon request of a person using the licensee's services, copies of records or documents in the possession or under the control of the licensee, when those records or documents have been prepared in connection with the furnishing of services or goods to the requesting persons;

(10) sexual harassment of a patient or client;

(11) engaging in a sexual act as defined in 13 V.S.A. § 3251 with a patient;

(12) conviction of a crime related to the practice of audiology or conviction of a felony, whether or not related to the practice of the profession;

(13) discouraging clients or consumers in any way from exercising their right to a refund within a 45-day trial period, unreasonably delaying payment of such refunds as may be due, or deducting amounts from refunds beyond those allowed by law;

(14) failing to inform a consumer prior to sale of a hearing aid that a medical evaluation of hearing loss prior to purchasing a hearing aid is in the consumer's best health interest;

(15) engaging in fraud in connection with any state or federally assisted medical assistance programs; or

(16) violating any part of the Code of Ethics of the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association or the American Academy of Audiology.
26 V.S.A. § 5610 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 107 / Section 5610
§ 5610. Unprofessional conduct
Status: in_force

Unprofessional conduct means misusing a title in professional activity and any of the conduct listed in 3 V.S.A. § 129a.
26 V.S.A. § 1420p — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 23 / Section 1420p
§ 1420p. Oversight of Interstate Compact
Status: in_force

(a) The executive, legislative, and judicial branches of state government in each member state shall enforce the Compact and shall take all actions necessary and appropriate to effectuate the Compact's purposes and intent. The provisions of the Compact and the rules promulgated hereunder shall have standing as statutory law but shall not override existing state authority to regulate the practice of medicine.

(b) All courts shall take judicial notice of the Compact and the rules in any judicial or administrative proceeding in a member state pertaining to the subject matter of the Compact that may affect the powers, responsibilities, or actions of the Interstate Commission.

(c) The Interstate Commission shall be entitled to receive all service of process in any such proceeding, and shall have standing to intervene in the proceeding for all purposes. Failure to provide service of process to the Interstate Commission shall render a judgment or order void as to the Interstate Commission, the Compact, or promulgated rules.
26 V.S.A. § 2661 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 47 / Section 2661
§ 2661. Powers and duties of the Director
Status: in_force

(a) The Director shall:

(1) provide general information to applicants for licensure as opticians;

(2) explain appeal procedures to opticians and applicants and complaint procedures to the public;

(3) administer fees established by law;

(4) receive applications for licensure, issue licenses to applicants qualified under this chapter, deny or renew licenses, and issue, revoke, suspend, condition, and reinstate licenses as ordered by an administrative law officer;

(5) refer disciplinary matters for adjudication by an administrative law officer;

(6) conduct or specify examinations and pass upon the qualifications of applicants for reciprocal registration;

(7) conduct hearings as necessary for the issuance, renewal, or discipline of a license; and

(8) establish by rule standards of education required of applicants, as well as minimum standards for any school presenting a course for present or future opticians.

(b) The Director may, after consultation with the advisor appointees, adopt rules necessary to perform the Director's duties under this chapter, including rules governing apprenticeship and continuing education. Rules adopted under this section shall not prohibit lawful advertising, the display of ophthalmic materials or merchandise, limit the place or location where opticians may practice, nor be designed to limit the number of opticians in the State.
26 V.S.A. § 1583 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 28 / Section 1583
§ 1583. Exemptions
Status: in_force

This chapter does not prohibit:

(1) Rendering assistance in the case of an emergency or disaster.

(2) The practice of nursing that is incidental to their program of study by persons enrolled in approved nursing education programs approved by the Board.

(3) The practice of any nurse who is employed by the U.S. government or any bureau, division, or agency thereof, while in the discharge of his or her official duties.

(4) The practice of nursing in this State by any currently licensed nurse whose engagement was made outside of this State but required the nurse to accompany and care for the patient while in Vermont. This exception shall not exceed six months.

(5) The care of the sick by domestic help of any type, whether employed regularly or because of illness, provided such person is employed primarily in a domestic capacity.

(6) The work and duties of attendants in attendant care services programs.

(7) The practice of any other occupation or profession licensed under the laws of this State.

(8) The providing of care for the sick in accordance with the tenets of any church or religious denomination by its adherents if the individual does not hold himself or herself out to be a registered nurse, licensed practical nurse, or licensed nursing assistant and does not engage in the practice of nursing as defined in this chapter.

(9) A person holding an unencumbered license in another U.S. jurisdiction from practicing nursing for no more than 30 days in any calendar year under the supervision of a Vermont licensed registered nurse as part of an educational offering.

(10) An advanced practice registered nurse who is duly licensed and in good standing in another state, territory, or jurisdiction of the United States or in Canada from practicing in this State if the APRN is employed as or formally designated as the team APRN by an athletic team visiting Vermont for a specific sporting event and the APRN limits the practice of advanced practice registered nursing in this State to treatment of the members, coaches, and staff of the sports team employing or designating the APRN.
26 V.S.A. § 2596 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 45 / Section 2596
§ 2596. Use of seal; certification
Status: in_force

(a) Each licensed land surveyor shall procure a personal seal in a form approved by the Board. The surveyor shall affix the surveyor's signature and seal together with a certification statement as to the nature of the survey work upon all completed maps, plats, surveys, or other documents before delivery thereof to any client or before any map, plat, survey, or other document is offered for filing at the office of the town clerk or any other proper authority. The certification statement shall clearly set forth what information was used as the basis of the survey and shall indicate that the survey work identified thereon is consistent with this information.

(b) Use of the seal for stamping or sealing documents after the corresponding certificate of licensure has expired or has been suspended or revoked unless the certificate has been renewed or reissued shall be unlawful.
26 V.S.A. § 621 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 12 / Section 621
§ 621. License by examination
Status: in_force

To be eligible for licensure as a dental hygienist, an applicant shall:

(1) have attained the age of majority;

(2) be a graduate of a program of dental hygiene accredited by the Commission on Dental Accreditation of the American Dental Association;

(3) present to the Board a certificate of the National Board of Dental Examiners;

(4) have completed an approved emergency office procedure course;

(5) have passed the American Board of Dental Examiners (ADEX) examination or other examination approved by the Board; and

(6) have passed the dental hygienist jurisprudence examination.
26 V.S.A. § 325a — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 7 / Section 325a
§ 325a. Construction
Status: in_force

This chapter shall not be construed to limit or restrict in any manner the right of a practitioner of another occupation that is regulated by this State from carrying on in the usual manner any of the functions of his or her profession.
26 V.S.A. § 2294 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 41 / Section 2294
§ 2294. Change of name or location
Status: in_force

(a) Whenever a licensed broker desires to be licensed under a different name, the broker shall pay the fee established under section 2255 of this chapter. Notice of any change in the names and addresses of the licensees shall be given to the Commission within 30 days after the change becomes effective.

(b) Each licensee shall notify the Commission in writing of any change of the licensee's principal business location, and the Commission shall issue a new license with the new address for the fee established under section 2255 of this chapter.

(c) If a brokerage firm maintains more than one place of business within the State, a branch office registration is required for each branch office so maintained. Branch offices shall use the same registered brokerage firm name as the main office and shall designate a licensed broker in charge for each branch office.
26 V.S.A. § 1713 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 30 / Section 1713
§ 1713. Exemptions
Status: in_force

(a) Nothing in this chapter shall be construed to prohibit other licensed health care professionals from practicing to the full extent of their licenses, nor to apply to any eye screening, State or government eye testing programs, nor to any instruction in any medical, osteopathic, or nursing school.

(b) Nothing in this chapter shall prohibit persons or corporations from making mechanical repairs to spectacles, nor shall it prohibit any person, firm, or corporation engaged in grinding lenses and filling prescriptions from replacing lenses or filling prescriptions issued by a duly licensed optometrist or physician.
26 V.S.A. § 911 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 15 / Section 911
§ 911. Penalty
Status: in_force

Any person who installs, replaces, or repairs any electrical installation except as provided in sections 882 and 910 of this title, without first obtaining an appropriate license under this subchapter, or employs a person to make any electrical installation for which he or she is not properly licensed under this chapter, or procures any license wrongfully or by fraud, shall be fined not more than $500.00 for each offense.
26 V.S.A. § 3403 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 75 / Section 3403
§ 3403. Director; functions
Status: in_force

(a) The Director shall:

(1) Provide general information to applicants for licensure as acupuncturists.

(2) Collect fees as provided under this chapter.

(3) Explain appeal procedures to licensed acupuncturists and applicants and complaint procedures to the public.

(4) Receive applications for licensure, license applicants under this chapter, renew licenses, and revoke, reinstate, or condition licenses as ordered by an administrative law officer.

(5) Refer all disciplinary matters to an administrative law officer.

(b) The Director may adopt rules necessary to perform his or her duties under this chapter.
26 V.S.A. § 1420j — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 23 / Section 1420j
§ 1420j. Disciplinary actions
Status: in_force

(a) Any disciplinary action taken by any member board against a physician licensed through the Compact shall be deemed unprofessional conduct that may be subject to discipline by other member boards, in addition to any violation of the Medical Practice Act or regulations in that state.

(b) If a license granted to a physician by the member board in the state of principal license is revoked, surrendered or relinquished in lieu of discipline, or suspended, then all licenses issued to the physician by member boards shall automatically be placed, without further action necessary by any member board, on the same status. If the member board in the state of principal license subsequently reinstates the physician's license, a license issued to the physician by any other member board shall remain encumbered until that respective member board takes action to reinstate the license in a manner consistent with the Medical Practice Act of that state.

(c) If disciplinary action is taken against a physician by a member board not in the state of principal license, any other member board may deem the action conclusive as to matter of law and fact decided, and:

(1) impose the same or lesser sanction or sanctions against the physician so long as such sanctions are consistent with the Medical Practice Act of that state; or

(2) pursue separate disciplinary action against the physician under its respective Medical Practice Act, regardless of the action taken in other member states.

(d) If a license granted to a physician by a member board is revoked, surrendered or relinquished in lieu of discipline, or suspended, then any license or licenses issued to the physician by any other member board shall be suspended, automatically and immediately without further action necessary by the other member boards, for 90 days upon entry of the order by the disciplining board, to permit the member boards to investigate the basis for the action under the Medical Practice Act of that state. A member board may terminate the automatic suspension of the license it issued prior to the completion of the 90-day suspension period in a manner consistent with the Medical Practice Act of that state.
26 V.S.A. § 3226 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 61 / Section 3226
§ 3226. Rulemaking
Status: in_force

(a) The Commission shall promulgate reasonable rules in order to effectively and efficiently implement and administer the purposes and provisions of the Compact. A rule shall be invalid and have no force or effect only if a court of competent jurisdiction holds that the rule is invalid because the Commission exercised its rulemaking authority in a manner that is beyond the scope and purposes of the Compact, or the powers granted hereunder, or based upon another applicable standard of review.

(b) The rules of the Commission shall have the force of law in each member state; provided, however, that where the rules of the Commission conflict with the laws of the member state that establish the member state's laws, regulations, and applicable standards that govern the practice of social work as held by a court of competent jurisdiction, the rules of the Commission shall be ineffective in that state to the extent of the conflict.

(c) The Commission shall exercise its rulemaking powers pursuant to the criteria set forth in this section and the rules adopted thereunder. Rules shall become binding on the day following adoption or the date specified in the rule or amendment, whichever is later.

(d) If a majority of the legislatures of the member states rejects a rule or portion of a rule, by enactment of a statute or resolution in the same manner used to adopt the Compact within four years of the date of adoption of the rule, then such rule shall have no further force and effect in any member state.

(e) Rules shall be adopted at a regular or special meeting of the Commission.

(f) Prior to adoption of a proposed rule, the Commission shall hold a public hearing and allow persons to provide oral and written comments, data, facts, opinions, and arguments.

(g) Prior to adoption of a proposed rule by the Commission, and at least 30 days in advance of the meeting at which the Commission will hold a public hearing on the proposed rule, the Commission shall provide a notice of proposed rulemaking:

(1) on the website of the Commission or other publicly accessible platform;

(2) to persons who have requested notice of the Commission's notices of proposed rulemaking; and

(3) in such other way or ways as the Commission may by rule specify.

(h) The notice of proposed rulemaking shall include:

(1) the time, date, and location of the public hearing at which the Commission will hear public comments on the proposed rule and, if different, the time, date, and location of the meeting where the Commission will consider and vote on the proposed rule;

(2) if the hearing is held via telecommunication, video conference, or other electronic means, the Commission shall include the mechanism for access to the hearing in the notice of proposed rulemaking;

(3) the text of the proposed rule and the reason therefor;

(4) a request for comments on the proposed rule from any interested person; and

(5) the manner in which interested persons may submit written comments.

(i) All hearings will be recorded. A copy of the recording and all written comments and documents received by the Commission in response to the proposed rule shall be available to the public.

(j) Nothing in this section shall be construed as requiring a separate hearing on each rule. Rules may be grouped for the convenience of the Commission at hearings required by this section.

(k) The Commission shall, by majority vote of all members, take final action on the proposed rule based on the rulemaking record and the full text of the rule.

(1) The Commission may adopt changes to the proposed rule, provided the changes do not enlarge the original purpose of the proposed rule.

(2) The Commission shall provide an explanation of the reasons for substantive changes made to the proposed rule as well as reasons for substantive changes not made that were recommended by commenters.

(3) The Commission shall determine a reasonable effective date for the rule. Except for an emergency as provided in subsection (l) of this section, the effective date of the rule shall be not sooner than 30 days after issuing the notice that it adopted or amended the rule.

(l) Upon determination that an emergency exists, the Commission may consider and adopt an emergency rule with 48 hours' notice, with opportunity to comment, provided that the usual rulemaking procedures provided in the Compact and in this section shall be retroactively applied to the rule as soon as reasonably possible, in no event later than 90 days after the effective date of the rule. For the purposes of this provision, an emergency rule is one that must be adopted immediately in order to:

(1) meet an imminent threat to public health, safety, or welfare;

(2) prevent a loss of Commission or member state funds;

(3) meet a deadline for the promulgation of a rule that is established by federal law or rule; or

(4) protect public health and safety.

(m) The Commission or an authorized committee of the Commission may direct revisions to a previously adopted rule for purposes of correcting typographical errors, errors in format, errors in consistency, or grammatical errors. Public notice of any revisions shall be posted on the website of the Commission. The revision shall be subject to challenge by any person for a period of 30 days after posting. The revision may be challenged only on grounds that the revision results in a material change to a rule. A challenge shall be made in writing and delivered to the Commission prior to the end of the notice period. If no challenge is made, the revision will take effect without further action. If the revision is challenged, the revision may not take effect without the approval of the Commission.

(n) No member state's rulemaking requirements shall apply under this Compact.
26 V.S.A. § 3191 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 60 / Section 3191
§ 3191. Definitions
Status: in_force

As used in this chapter:

(1) “Certified peer support provider” means an individual who holds a certificate to engage in the practice of peer support services under this chapter.

(2) “Certified peer recovery support specialist” means an individual who holds a certificate to engage in the practice of recovery support services under this chapter.

(3) “Code of Ethics for Certified Peer Support Providers” means the code of ethics for certified peer support providers approved and adopted by the Department of Mental Health.

(4) “Code of Ethics for Certified Peer Recovery Support Specialists” means the code of ethics for certified peer recovery support specialists approved and adopted by the Department of Health.

(5) “Office” means the Office of Professional Regulation.

(6) “Peer support provider credentialing body” means the entity authorized by the Department of Mental Health to, in addition to other duties:

(A) issue credentials to peer support providers to demonstrate that a peer support provider has met the qualifications for certification under the chapter; and

(B) approve acceptable continuing education courses.

(7) “Peer support” means the provision of those services that address mutually agreeable issues or areas of life consistent with the Code of Ethics for Certified Peer Support Providers that are reasonably related to increasing an individual's capacity to live a self-determined life of their own choosing and that are provided in a mutual relationship between individuals with a lived experience of trauma, mental health, or substance use challenges. “Peer support” emphasizes a nonjudgmental, values-driven approach that promotes multiple perspectives, advocates for human rights and dignity, and focuses on genuine, mutual relationships that enrich the lives of those involved. “Peer support” includes providing health and wellness supports; supporting individuals in accessing community-based resources and navigating State and local systems; providing employment supports, including transitioning into and staying in the workforce; and promoting empowerment and a sense of hope through self-advocacy. “Peer support” does not include the provision of psychotherapy as defined in section 4082 of this title.

(8) “Practice of peer support” means the provision of peer support in a manner consistent with the Code of Ethics for Certified Peer Support Providers.

(9) “Practice of recovery support services” means the provision of recovery support services in a manner consistent with the Code of Ethics for Certified Peer Recovery Support Specialists.

(10) “Recovery support services” means a set of culturally competent, nonclinical, evidence-based activities provided consistent with the Code of Ethics for Certified Peer Recovery Support Specialists and coordinated through a written individualized recovery plan of care that documents a substance use disorder and reflects the need and preferences of the individual in achieving the specific, individualized, measurable goals specified in the plan. “Recovery support services” are provided in a mutual relationship by an individual with lived experience of either recovery from a substance use disorder or having a close relationship with an individual in recovery from a substance use disorder, and include a range of social and other services that facilitate recovery from substance use disorder, support health and wellness, and link individuals with service providers and other supports shown to improve quality of life for persons, and their families, in and seeking recovery from substance use. “Recovery support services” do not include the provision of psychotherapy as defined in section 4082 of this title.

(11) “Peer recovery support specialist credentialing body” means the entity authorized by the Department of Health to, in addition to other duties:

(A) issue credentials to peer recovery support specialists to demonstrate that a peer recovery support specialist has met qualifications for certification under this chapter; and

(B) approve acceptable continuing education courses.
26 V.S.A. § 4089a — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 78 / Section 4089a
§ 4089a. Fees
Status: in_force

A person who seeks entry on the roster shall pay the following fees:
26 V.S.A. § 3323 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 69 / Section 3323
§ 3323. Unprofessional conduct
Status: repealed

(a) The following conduct by a licensee and the conduct set forth in 3 V.S.A. § 129a constitute unprofessional conduct. When that conduct is by an applicant or a person who later becomes an applicant, it may constitute grounds for denial of a license:

(1) Procuring or attempting to procure a license under this chapter by knowingly making a false statement, submitting false information, refusing to provide complete information in response to a question in an application for licensure, or through any form of fraud or misrepresentation.

(2) An act or omission involving dishonesty, fraud, or misrepresentation with the intent to benefit the licensee or another person or with the intent to injure another person.

(3) Violation of any of the standards for the development or communication of real estate appraisals established under the Act.

(4) Failure or refusal to exercise reasonable diligence in developing an appraisal, preparing a report, or communicating an appraisal.

(5) Negligence or incompetence in developing an appraisal, in preparing a report, or in communicating an appraisal.

(6) Accepting an appraisal assignment when the employment itself is contingent upon the appraiser reporting a predetermined analysis or opinion, or where the fee to be paid for the performance of the appraisal assignment is contingent upon the opinion, conclusion, or valuation reached, or upon the consequences resulting from the appraisal assignment.

(7) Violating the confidential nature of governmental records to which the licensee gained access through employment or engagement as an appraiser by a governmental agency.

(8) Violating any term or condition of a license restricted by the Office.

(9) Failing to comply with practice standards adopted by the Director.

(b) The following conduct by an appraisal management company and the conduct set forth in 3 V.S.A. § 129a constitute unprofessional conduct. An appraisal management company includes agents acting on behalf of the registrant in the acquisition, delivery, or use of a real estate appraisal produced by a licensed real estate appraiser. When that conduct is by an applicant or an entity that later becomes an applicant for registration, it may constitute grounds for denial of a license:

(1) Influencing or attempting to influence the development, reporting, result, or review of a real estate appraisal through coercion, compensation, inducement, intimidation, or other manner intended to affect the independent judgment of a licensed real estate appraiser, including:

(A) Withholding or threatening to withhold timely payment for a real estate appraisal report.

(B) Withholding or threatening to withhold future business or work opportunities from a licensed real estate appraiser.

(C) Expressly or implicitly promising future business or work-related compensation for a real estate appraiser.

(D) Ordering or paying for real estate appraisal services based on predetermined valuations or other conclusions to be reached by a licensed real estate appraiser.

(E) Requesting or suggesting that a licensed real estate appraiser provide an estimated, predetermined, or desired valuation in a real estate appraisal report or provide estimated values or comparable sales prior to completion of the appraisal report.

(2) Altering or otherwise changing a completed appraisal report submitted by a licensed appraiser.

(3) Using an appraisal report submitted by an appraiser for a transaction other than the one for which it was developed.

(4) Requiring an independent appraiser to enter into an agreement requiring the independent appraiser to defend, to indemnify, or to hold harmless the registrant or other third party for the development, use, or contents of a real estate appraisal. This subdivision shall not affect a licensee's or a registrant's professional liability to consumers or to other licensees or registrants.

(5) Using or possessing an independent licensed real estate appraiser's digital signature, seal, or other similar stamp of endorsement.

(c) Registrants shall only transmit an exact copy of the completed appraisal to the client or other intended user.

(d) [Repealed.]

(e) Appeals from disciplinary orders and final license denials shall be governed by the provisions of 3 V.S.A. § 130a.
26 V.S.A. § 1751 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 33 / Section 1751
§ 1751. Application of laws; rights
Status: in_force

Osteopathic physicians and surgeons shall be subject to the provisions of law relating to communicable diseases and to the granting of certificates of births and deaths and the issuance of certificates relating to the commitment of individuals with a mental illness, and such reports and certificates shall be accepted by the office or department to whom the same are made or presented, equally with the reports and certificates of physicians of any other school of medicine; and such physicians shall have the same rights with respect to the rendering of medical services under the provisions of public health, welfare, and assistance laws and rules.
26 V.S.A. § 2142 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 38 / Section 2142
§ 2142. Date of implementation of the Interstate Commission for physical therapy practice and associated rules, withdrawal, and amendment
Status: in_force

(a) The Compact shall come into effect on the date on which the Compact statute is enacted into law in the tenth member state. The provisions, which become effective at that time, shall be limited to the powers granted to the Commission relating to assembly and the promulgation of rules. Thereafter, the Commission shall meet and exercise rulemaking powers necessary to the implementation and administration of the Compact.

(b) Any state that joins the Compact subsequent to the Commission's initial adoption of the rules shall be subject to the rules as they exist on the date on which the Compact becomes law in that state. Any rule that has been previously adopted by the Commission shall have the full force and effect of law on the day the Compact becomes law in that state.

(c) Any member state may withdraw from this Compact by enacting a statute repealing the same.

(1) A member state's withdrawal shall not take effect until six months after enactment of the repealing statute.

(2) Withdrawal shall not affect the continuing requirement of the withdrawing state's physical therapy licensing board to comply with the investigative and adverse action reporting requirements of this act prior to the effective date of withdrawal.

(d) Nothing contained in this Compact shall be construed to invalidate or prevent any physical therapy licensure agreement or other cooperative arrangement between a member state and a nonmember state that does not conflict with the provisions of this Compact.

(e) This Compact may be amended by the member states. No amendment to this Compact shall become effective and binding upon any member state until it is enacted into the laws of all member states.
26 V.S.A. § 6037 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 109 / Section 6037
§ 6037. Referees
Status: in_force

(a) No mixed martial arts event, including a sole match, shall take place in Vermont without a referee present and overseeing the event in accordance with rules adopted under this subchapter.

(b) The sole arbiter in the ring in a mixed martial arts match shall be the referee, licensed as a participant in Vermont, who shall govern the match in accordance with the rules adopted by the Director under this subchapter. The referee shall have full power to stop the match whenever the referee deems it advisable because of the physical condition of a contestant, when one of the contestants is clearly outclassed by an opponent, or for other reasonable cause.
26 V.S.A. § 3305 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 67 / Section 3305
§ 3305. Audiologists; Audiology and Speech-Language Pathology Interstate Compact privilege to practice
Status: in_force

(a) Vermont is a member state of the Audiology and Speech-Language Pathology Interstate Compact. Applicants for a privilege to practice audiology shall be subject to the requirements prescribed under chapter 87, subchapter 2 of this title.

(b) Individuals with a privilege to practice issued by a member state of the Audiology and Speech-Language Pathology Interstate Compact may practice audiology in the State subject to the requirements of chapter 87, subchapter 2 of this title.
26 V.S.A. § 5343 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 103 / Section 5343
§ 5343. Renewals; continuing education
Status: in_force

(a) Biennially, the Office shall provide a renewal notice to each commissioned notary public. Upon receipt of a notary public's completed renewal, payment of the fee as set forth in section 5324 of this chapter, and evidence of eligibility, the Office shall issue to him or her a new commission.

(b) A notary public applying for renewal shall complete continuing education approved by the Office, which shall not be required to exceed two hours, during the preceding two-year period.

(c) The Office, with the advice of the advisor appointees, shall establish by rule guidelines and criteria for continuing education credit.
26 V.S.A. § 2292a — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 41 / Section 2292a
§ 2292a. Examinations
Status: in_force

(a) The Commission shall select and administer examinations for licensure. The Commission may use independent testing services or others to assist in the administration of written examinations.

(b) Examinations and examination procedures shall be fair and reasonable and shall be designed to ensure that all applicants are licensed if they demonstrate that they possess the minimal occupational qualifications that are consistent with the public health, safety, and welfare. They shall not be designed or implemented for the purpose of limiting the number of licensees.
26 V.S.A. § 1621 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 28 / Section 1621
§§ 1621-1624. Repealed. 2015, No. 38, § 10, eff. May 28, 2015.
Status: in_force

To be eligible for licensure as a registered nurse by examination, an applicant shall complete:

(1) an approved U.S. registered nursing education program meeting requirements set by the Board by rule; and

(2) examinations as determined by the Board.
26 V.S.A. § 76 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 1 / Section 76
§ 76. Unprofessional conduct
Status: in_force

Unprofessional conduct means:

(1) The conduct prohibited by this section, by 3 V.S.A. § 129a, or by other statutes relating to public accounting, whether or not that conduct is by a licensee, an applicant, or a person who later becomes an applicant;

(2) Disciplinary action by another state or country or federal agency of a license or certificate to practice public accountancy;

(3) Failing to make available, upon request of a person using public accounting services, copies of documents in the possession or under the control of the accountant, when those documents have been prepared for and paid for by the user of services;

(4) Failing to return client-supplied information and documents, in whatever form contained, upon request of the client;

(5) Any of the following except when reasonably undertaken in an emergency situation in order to protect life, health, or property:

(A) practicing or offering to practice beyond the scope permitted by law; or

(B) accepting and performing public accounting responsibilities that the licensee knows or has reason to know that he or she is not competent to perform;

(C) performing public accounting services that have not been authorized by the consumer or the consumer's legal representative;

(6) Dishonesty, fraud, or negligence in the practice of public accountancy, including making misleading, deceptive, or untrue representations in the practice of public accountancy;

(7) The making of any false or misleading statement in support of an application filed by another;

(8) Failure of a licensee to provide any explanation requested by the Board regarding evidence submitted by the licensee in support of an application for licensure filed by another, or regarding evidence submitted by the licensee in support of an application for licensure filed by another, or regarding a failure or refusal to submit such evidence; and failure by a licensee to furnish for inspection, upon request by the Board, or its representative, documentation relating to any evidence submitted by the licensee in support of such an application; or

(9) Failing to report changes to the Board as required by statute and the Board's rules.
26 V.S.A. § 1395 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 23 / Section 1395
§ 1395. License by endorsement
Status: in_force

(a) The Board shall have an endorsement process for physician licensure that requires not more than three years of practice in good standing in another jurisdiction within the United States, regardless of whether that jurisdiction has licensing requirements substantially equal to those of this State, provided the applicant meets one of the following postgraduate training requirements:

(1) A graduate of a U.S. or Canadian medical school accredited by a body that is acceptable to the Board shall have successfully completed at least two years of postgraduate training in a U.S. or Canadian program accredited by an organization that is acceptable to the Board.

(2) A graduate of a Board-approved medical school outside the United States or Canada shall have successfully completed at least three years of postgraduate training in a U.S. or Canadian program accredited by an organization that is acceptable to the Board.

(b) If the Board determines that three years of demonstrated practice in another specific jurisdiction is not adequately protective of the public, it shall provide its rationale to the Commissioner, who may propose any necessary statutory or rule amendments in order to implement more restrictive requirements for endorsement for that jurisdiction.

(c) The Board may issue to an endorsement applicant a waiver of the practice requirement if there is a showing that the waiver follows State policy and the public is adequately protected.
26 V.S.A. § 1162 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 20 / Section 1162
§ 1162. Prohibition; enforcement
Status: in_force

(a) No person shall engage in the practice of professional engineering in this State unless the person is licensed under or exempt from this chapter.

(b) No person shall use in connection with the person's name any letters, words, or insignia, including “Professional Engineer,” “P.E.,” “PE,” or “P.Eng.,” indicating that the person is a professional engineer unless the person is licensed in accordance with this chapter.

(c) A person found guilty of violating this section shall be subject to penalties provided in 3 V.S.A. § 127(c). In addition to the power of criminal enforcement, the Attorney General, a State's Attorney, or a prosecuting attorney from the Office of Professional Regulation may bring a civil action to restrain continuing violations of this section.
26 V.S.A. § 2133 — VT Code / Title 26 / Chapter 38 / Section 2133
§ 2133. Definitions
Status: in_force

As used in this Compact, and except as otherwise provided, the following definitions shall apply:

(1) “Active Duty Military” means full-time duty status in the active uniformed service of the United States, including members of the National Guard and Reserve on active duty orders pursuant to 10 U.S.C. chapters 1209 and 1211.

(2) “Adverse Action” means disciplinary action taken by a physical therapy licensing board based upon misconduct or unacceptable performance, or a combination of both.

(3) “Alternative Program” means a nondisciplinary monitoring or practice remediation process approved by a physical therapy licensing board. This includes, but is not limited to, substance abuse issues.

(4) “Compact privilege” means the authorization granted by a remote state to allow a licensee from another member state to practice as a physical therapist or work as a physical therapist assistant in the remote state under its laws and rules. The practice of physical therapy occurs in the member state where the patient/client is located at the time of the patient/client encounter.

(5) “Continuing competence” means a requirement, as a condition of license renewal, to provide evidence of participation in, and/or completion of, educational and professional activities relevant to practice or area of work.

(6) “Data system” means a repository of information about licensees, including examination, licensure, investigative, compact privilege, and adverse action.

(7) “Encumbered license” means a license that a physical therapy licensing board has limited in any way.

(8) “Executive Board” means a group of directors elected or appointed to act on behalf of, and within the powers granted to them by, the Commission.

(9) “Home state” means the member state that is the licensee's primary state of residence.

(10) “Investigative information” means information, records, and documents received or generated by a physical therapy licensing board pursuant to an investigation.

(11) “Jurisprudence Requirement” means the assessment of an individual's knowledge of the laws and rules governing the practice of physical therapy in a state.

(12) “Licensee” means an individual who currently holds an authorization from the state to practice as a physical therapist or to work as a physical therapist assistant.

(13) “Member state” means a state that has enacted the Compact.

(14) “Party state” means any member state in which a licensee holds a current license or compact privilege or is applying for a license or compact privilege.

(15) “Physical therapist” means an individual who is licensed by a state to practice physical therapy.

(16) “Physical therapist assistant” means an individual who is licensed/certified by a state and who assists the physical therapist in selected components of physical therapy.

(17) “Physical therapy,” “physical therapy practice,” and “the practice of physical therapy” mean the care and services provided by or under the direction and supervision of a licensed physical therapist.

(18) “Physical Therapy Compact Commission” or “Commission” means the national administrative body whose membership consists of all states that have enacted the Compact.

(19) “Physical therapy licensing board” or “licensing board” means the agency of a state that is responsible for the licensing and regulation of physical therapists and physical therapist assistants.

(20) “Remote State” means a member state other than the home state, where a licensee is exercising or seeking to exercise the compact privilege.

(21) “Rule” means a regulation, principle, or directive promulgated by the Commission that has the force of law.

(22) “State” means any state, commonwealth, district, or territory of the United States of America that regulates the practice of physical therapy.