Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-2511.1 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle II / Chapter 25 / Section 15.2-2511.1
Return of local surplus funds
Status: in_force

Any locality may by ordinance develop a method for returning surplus real or personal property tax revenues, or both, to taxpayers who are assessed such taxes in any fiscal year in which the locality reports a surplus. The locality may reduce a taxpayer's refund by the amount of any taxes, penalties, and interest that are due from such taxpayer, or any past-due taxes, penalties, and interest that have been assessed within the appropriate period of limitations.

2001, c. 246 ; 2005, c. 835 ; 2022, cc. 165 , 166 .
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-1114 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle II / Chapter 11 / Article 1 / Section 15.2-1114
Auctions; pawnshops; secondhand dealers; peddling; fraud and deceit in sales; weights and measures
Status: in_force

A municipal corporation may regulate the sale of property at auction; may regulate the conduct of and prescribe the number of pawnshops and dealers in secondhand goods, wares and merchandise; may regulate or prohibit peddling; may prevent fraud or deceit in the sale of property; may require weighing, measuring, gauging and inspection of goods, wares and merchandise offered for sale; and may provide for the sealing of weights and measures and the inspection and testing thereof.

Code 1950, § 15-77.30; 1958, c. 328; 1962, c. 623, § 15.1-866; 1997, c. 587.
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-7509 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle IV / Chapter 75 / Section 15.2-7509
Financing of operations
Status: in_force

A. A land bank entity may receive funding through grants and loans from the locality or localities that created or are currently participating in the land bank entity, the Commonwealth, the federal government, and other public and private sources.

B. A land bank entity may receive and retain payments for (i) services rendered, (ii) rents and lease payments received, (iii) consideration for disposition of real and personal property, (iv) proceeds of insurance coverage for losses incurred, (v) income from investments, and (vi) any other asset and activity lawfully permitted to a land bank entity under the Act.

C. Up to 50 percent of the real property taxes collected on real property conveyed by a land bank entity may be remitted to the land bank entity. Such allocation of property tax revenues shall commence with the first taxable year following the date of conveyance and continue for a period of up to 10 years.

2016, cc. 159 , 383 .
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-5133 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle IV / Chapter 51 / Article 4 / Section 15.2-5133
Trust agreement; bond resolution
Status: in_force

In the discretion of the authority, any revenue bonds issued under the provisions of this chapter may be secured by a trust agreement by and between the authority and a corporate trustee, which may be any trust company or bank having the powers of a trust company within or outside the Commonwealth. The resolution authorizing the issuance of the bonds or the trust agreement may pledge or assign the revenues to be received. The resolution or trust agreement shall not convey or mortgage any stormwater control system or water or waste system or any part thereof, or any improvement financed pursuant to § 15.2-5158 which is, or will be, dedicated to a public entity other than the authority financing such improvement. However, a bond issued by a community development authority pursuant to subdivision A 2 of § 15.2-5158 may pledge or assign a mortgage in other real property or improvements not otherwise proscribed hereunder and may contain such provisions for protecting and enforcing the rights and remedies of the bondholders as may be reasonable and proper and not in violation of law. Such provisions may include covenants setting forth the duties of the authority in relation to the acquisition, construction, improvement, maintenance, operation, repair and insurance of the system or systems for which such bonds are issued and provisions for the custody, safeguarding and application of all moneys and for the employment of consulting engineers in connection with such construction, reconstruction, or operation. The resolution or trust agreement may set forth the rights and remedies of the bondholders, and may restrict the individual right of action by bondholders as is customary in trust agreements or trust indentures securing bonds or debentures of corporations. The resolution or trust agreement may also contain such other provisions as the authority deems reasonable and proper for the security of the bondholders. Except as otherwise provided in this chapter, the authority may provide for the payment of the proceeds of the sale of the bonds and its revenues to such officer, board or depositary as it may designate for the custody thereof, and for the method of disbursement thereof, with such safeguards and restrictions as it may determine. All expenses incurred in carrying out the provisions of the resolution or trust agreement may be treated as part of the cost of operation.

Code 1950, § 15-764.21; 1950, p. 1323; 1962, c. 623, § 15.1-1259; 1993, c. 850; 1997, cc. 527 , 573 , 587; 2009, c. 473 .
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-1235 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle II / Chapter 12 / Article 2 / Section 15.2-1235
Rules and regulations to govern county purchases
Status: in_force

A. Except as otherwise provided in this article, any supplies or contractual services needed by one or more departments or agencies of the county government shall be directly purchased or contracted for by the county purchasing agent, in accordance with rules and regulations adopted pursuant to this section.

B. The county purchasing agent, subject to the approval of the governing body of the county, shall promulgate regulations for the following purposes:

1. Prescribing the manner in which supplies shall be purchased, delivered, stored, and distributed;

2. Prescribing the dates for making requisitions and estimates, the future period which they are to cover, the form in which they shall be submitted, the manner of their authentication, and their revision by the county purchasing agent;

3. Providing for the transfer to or between county departments and agencies of supplies which are surplus with one department or agency but which may be needed by another, and for the disposal by sale, after receipt of competitive bids, of supplies which are obsolete and unusable;

4. Prescribing the amount of deposit or bond to be submitted with a bid on a contract and the amount of deposit or bond to be given for the faithful performance of a contract;

5. Prescribing the manner in which claims for supplies and contractual services delivered to the departments and agencies of the county shall be submitted, examined, approved and paid; and

6. Providing for such other matters as may be necessary to give effect to the foregoing rules and the provisions of this article.

Code 1950, § 15-543; 1962, c. 623, § 15.1-107; 1997, c. 587.
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-1527 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle II / Chapter 15 / Article 5 / Section 15.2-1527
Bonds of officers
Status: in_force

Every treasurer or director of finance, sheriff, clerk of a circuit court, commissioner of the revenue, and other persons in the offices of constitutional officers required to give bond shall, at the time he qualifies, give such bond as is required by § 49-12 . Bonds for a treasurer or director of finance, sheriff, clerk of the circuit court and commissioner of the revenue shall be provided through the state Department of the Treasury, Division of Risk Management pursuant to subsection B of § 2.2-1840 . The penalty of the bond of each officer shall be determined by the court or clerk before whom he qualifies, within the limits prescribed in §§ 15.2-1528 , 15.2-1529 and 15.2-1530 .

Code 1950, § 15-478; 1962, c. 623, § 15.1-41; 1964, c. 278; 1971, Ex. Sess., c. 155; 1972, c. 549; 1997, c. 587; 2000, cc. 618 , 632 .
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-5336 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle IV / Chapter 53 / Article 2 / Section 15.2-5336
Cooperation with subdivision of Commonwealth
Status: in_force

An authority shall have power:

1. To arrange with any city or with a government for the (i) furnishing, planning, replanning, installing, opening or closing of streets, roads, roadways, alleys, sidewalks, or other places or facilities, (ii) acquisition by such city or government of property, options or property rights, and (iii) furnishing of property or services in connection with a project;

2. To arrange with the Commonwealth, its subdivisions and agencies, and any locality of the Commonwealth, to the extent that it is within the scope of each of their respective functions, (i) to cause the services customarily provided by each of them to be rendered for the benefit of such hospital authority, (ii) to provide and maintain parks and sewerage, water and other facilities adjacent to or in connection with hospital projects, and (iii) to lease or rent any of the dwellings or other accommodations or any of the lands, buildings, structures or facilities embraced in any hospital project and to establish and revise the rents or charges therefor.

Code 1950, § 32-249; 1979, c. 719, § 15.1-1570; 1997, c. 587.
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-1633 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle II / Chapter 16 / Article 4 / Section 15.2-1633
Part-time compensated assistants to attorneys for the Commonwealth
Status: in_force

Notwithstanding any contrary provisions of §§ 15.2-1627.1 , 15.2-1628 and 15.2-1630 , the Compensation Board at the request of the attorney for the Commonwealth may provide for one compensated part-time assistant to a full-time attorney for the Commonwealth.

1983, c. 476, § 15.1-50.2; 1994, cc. 780 , 792 ; 1997, c. 587 ; 2000, c. 913 .
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-3514 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle III / Chapter 35 / Article 1 / Section 15.2-3514
Courts and judicial circuits
Status: in_force

Until changed by law, the same judicial circuits shall continue, though this may result in the consolidated county or city being a part of two or more circuits. All such courts shall, however, be held at the place designated as the seat of the consolidated county or administrative offices of the city, and each such court shall continue to have and exercise the same jurisdiction as it had and exercised before such consolidation. If two or more judges have jurisdiction in any consolidated county or city, they or a majority of them shall exercise the power to appoint officers and fill vacancies as is vested in judges of circuit courts of other counties and cities.

Code 1950, § 15-173; 1962, c. 623, § 15.1-1082; 1997, c. 587.
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-5218 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle IV / Chapter 52 / Section 15.2-5218
Appeal from order; supersedeas
Status: in_force

Any party aggrieved by such order may appeal to the Court of Appeals and a supersedeas may be granted in the same manner as is now or hereafter shall be provided by law and the rules of court applicable to civil cases. Any party aggrieved by a judgment of the Court of Appeals rendered pursuant to this section may appeal to the Supreme Court, and a supersedeas may be granted in the same manner as is now or hereafter shall be provided by law and the rules of court applicable to civil cases.

Code 1950, § 32-290.3; 1970, c. 150, § 15.1-1532; 1979, c. 719; 1997, c. 587 ; 2021, Sp. Sess. I, c. 489 .
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-6612 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle IV / Chapter 66 / Section 15.2-6612
Authority to issue bonds
Status: in_force

The Authority shall have the power to issue bonds from time to time in its discretion, for any of its purposes, including the payment of all or any part of the cost of Authority facilities and including the payment or retirement of bonds previously issued by it. The Authority may issue such types of bonds as it may determine, including (without limiting the generality of the foregoing) bonds payable, both as to principal and interest: (i) from its revenues and receipts generally and (ii) exclusively from the revenues and receipts of certain designated facilities or loans whether or not they are financed in whole or in part from the proceeds of such bonds. Any such bonds may be additionally secured by a pledge of any grant or contribution from a participating political subdivision, the Commonwealth or any political subdivision, agency or instrumentality thereof, any federal agency or any unit, private corporation, co-partnership, association, or individual, as such participating political subdivision, or other entities, may be authorized to make under general law or by pledge of any income or revenues of the Authority or by mortgage or encumbrance of any property or facilities of the Authority. Unless otherwise provided in the proceeding authorizing the issuance of the bonds, or in the trust indenture securing the same, all bonds shall be payable solely and exclusively from the revenues and receipts of a particular facility or loan. Bonds may be executed and delivered by the Authority at any time and from time to time may be in such form and denominations and of such terms and maturities, may be in registered or bearer form either as to principal or interest or both, may be payable in such installments and at such time or times not exceeding 40 years from the date thereof, may be payable at such place or places whether within or without the Commonwealth, may bear interest at such rate or rates, may be payable at such time or times and at such places, may be evidenced in such manner, and may contain such provisions not inconsistent herewith, all as shall be provided and specified by the board of directors in authorizing each particular bond issue.

If deemed advisable by the board of directors, there may be retained in the proceedings under which any bonds of the Authority are authorized to be issued an option to redeem all or any part thereof as may be specified in such proceedings, at such price or prices and after such notice or notices and on such terms and conditions as may be set forth in such proceedings and as may be briefly recited on the face of the bonds, but nothing herein contained shall be construed to confer on the Authority any right or option to redeem any bonds except as may be provided in the proceedings under which they shall be issued. Any bonds of the Authority may be sold at public or private sale in such manner and from time to time as may be determined by the board of directors of the Authority to be most advantageous, and the Authority may pay all costs, premiums, and commissions that its board of directors may deem necessary or advantageous in connection with the issuance thereof. Issuance by the Authority of one or more series of bonds for one or more purposes shall not preclude it from issuing other bonds in connection with the same facility or any other facility, but the proceedings whereunder any subsequent bonds may be issued shall recognize and protect any prior pledge or mortgage made for any prior issue of bonds. Any bonds of the Authority at any time outstanding may from time to time be refunded by the Authority by the issuance of its refunding bonds in such amount as the board of directors may deem necessary, but not exceeding an amount sufficient to refund the principal of the bonds so to be refunded, together with any unpaid interest thereon and any costs, premiums, or commissions necessary to be paid in connection therewith. Any such refunding may be effected whether the bonds to be refunded shall have then matured or shall thereafter mature, either by sale of the refunding bonds and the application of the proceeds thereof to the payment of the bonds to be refunded thereby, or by the exchange of the refunding bonds for the bonds to be refunded thereby, with the consent of the holders of the bonds so to be refunded, and regardless of whether or not the bonds to be refunded were issued in connection with the same facilities or separate facilities, and regardless of whether or not the bonds proposed to be refunded shall be payable on the same date or on different dates or shall be due serially or otherwise.

All bonds shall be signed by the chairman or vice-chairman of the Authority or shall bear his facsimile signature, and the corporate seal of the Authority or a facsimile thereof shall be impressed or imprinted thereon and attested by the signature of the secretary (or the secretary-treasurer) or the assistant secretary (or assistant secretary-treasurer) of the Authority or shall bear his facsimile signature, and any coupons attached thereto shall bear the facsimile signature of said chairman. In case any officer whose signature or a facsimile of whose signature shall appear on any bonds or coupons shall cease to be an officer before delivery of such bonds, such signature, or such facsimile, shall nevertheless be valid and sufficient for all purposes the same as if he had remained in office until such delivery. When the signatures of both the chairman or the vice-chairman and the secretary (or the secretary-treasurer) or the assistant secretary (or the assistant secretary-treasurer) are facsimiles, the bonds must be authenticated by a corporate trustee or other authenticating agent approved by the Authority.

If the proceeds derived from a particular bond issue, due to error of estimates or otherwise, shall be less than the cost of the Authority facilities for which such bonds were issued, additional bonds may in like manner be issued to provide the amount of such deficit, and, unless otherwise provided in the proceedings authorizing the issuance of the bonds of such issue or in the trust indenture securing the same, shall be deemed to be of the same issue and shall be entitled to payment from the same fund without preference or priority of the bonds of the first issue. If the proceeds of the bonds of any issue shall exceed such cost, the surplus may be deposited to the credit of the sinking fund for such bonds or may be applied to the payment of the cost of any additions, improvements, or enlargements of the Authority facilities for which such bonds shall have been issued.

Prior to the preparation of definitive bonds, the Authority may, under like restrictions, issue interim receipts or temporary bonds with or without coupons, exchangeable for definitive bonds when such bonds shall have been executed and are available for delivery. The Authority may also provide for the replacement of any bonds that shall become mutilated or shall be destroyed or lost. Bonds may be issued under the provisions of this act without obtaining the consent of any department, division, commission, board, bureau or agency of the Commonwealth, and without any other proceedings or the happening of any other conditions or things other than those proceedings, conditions, or things that are specifically required by this act; provided, however, that nothing contained in this act shall be construed as affecting the powers and duties now conferred by law upon the State Corporation Commission.

All bonds issued under the provisions of this act shall have and are hereby declared to have all the qualities and incidents of and shall be and are hereby made negotiable instruments under the Uniform Commercial Code of Virginia (§ 8.1A-101 et seq.), subject only to provisions respecting registration of the bonds.

In addition to all other powers granted to the Authority by this act, the Authority is authorized to provide for the issuance, from time to time of notes or other obligations of the Authority for any of its authorized purposes. All of the provisions of this act that relate to bonds or revenue bonds shall apply to such notes or other obligations insofar as such provisions may be appropriate.

2002, c. 766 ; 2003, c. 353 .
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-2310 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle II / Chapter 22 / Article 7 / Section 15.2-2310
Applications for special exceptions and variances
Status: in_force

Applications for special exceptions and variances may be made by any property owner, tenant, government official, department, board or bureau. Applications shall be made to the zoning administrator in accordance with rules adopted by the board. The application and accompanying maps, plans or other information shall be transmitted promptly to the secretary of the board who shall place the matter on the docket to be acted upon by the board. No special exceptions or variances shall be authorized except after notice and hearing as required by § 15.2-2204 . The zoning administrator shall also transmit a copy of the application to the local planning commission which may send a recommendation to the board or appear as a party at the hearing. Any locality may provide by ordinance that substantially the same application will not be considered by the board within a specified period, not exceeding one year.

Code 1950, §§ 15-828 through 15-830, 15-832, 15-833, 15-850, 15-968.10; 1950, p. 176; 1962, c. 407, § 15.1-496; 1966, c. 256; 1975, cc. 521, 641; 1989, c. 407; 1997, c. 587.
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-3536 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle III / Chapter 35 / Article 2 / Section 15.2-3536
Charter for consolidated city
Status: in_force

If a proposed charter for a consolidated city has been approved by the General Assembly for adoption in any area in which a consolidation of localities is proposed to be effected in accordance with the provisions of this article, then in any subsequent proceedings under the provisions of this article, such charter may be used as the basis for a new consolidation agreement, or upon petition of ten percent of the registered voters of any county and city as of January 1 of the year in which the petition is filed subject to the provisions of this article, such proposed charter may be submitted to the voters of such counties and cities for adoption as the charter of the consolidated city and shall in all respects fulfill the requirements of the consolidation agreement provided for in this article.

Code 1950, § 15-222.4; 1950, p. 1609; 1952, c. 267; 1962, c. 623, § 15.1-1136; 1997, c. 587.
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-5120 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle IV / Chapter 51 / Article 3 / Section 15.2-5120
Powers of authority in certain counties and cities
Status: in_force

An authority or authorities created pursuant to the provisions of this chapter by Arlington County and the City of Alexandria, singularly or jointly, may enter into contracts relating to the furnishing of services and facilities for refuse collection and disposal and conversion of same to energy (system) with any person or partnership or corporation (entity). The contract shall not have a term in excess of 30 years from the date on which service is first provided. It may make provisions for:

1. The use by the authority of all or a portion of the disposal capacity of such system for the authority's present or future requirements;

2. The delivery by or for the account of the authority of specified quantities of refuse, whether or not the authority collects such refuse;

3. The making of payments in respect of such quantities of refuse, whether or not the refuse is delivered, including payments in respect of revenues lost if such refuse is not delivered;

4. Adjustments to payments to be made by the authority because of inflation, changes in energy prices or residue disposal costs, taxes imposed upon the system, or other events beyond the control of the entity or in respect of the actual costs of maintaining, repairing, or operating the system, including debt service or capital lease payments, capital costs, or other financing charges relating to the system; and

5. The collection by the entity of fees, rates, or charges from persons using disposal capacity for which the authority has contracted.

The authority may fix, charge, and collect fees, rates, and charges for services furnished or made available by the entity operating the system to provide sufficient funds at all times during the term of the contract, together with other funds available to the authority for such purposes, to pay all amounts due from time to time under such contract and to provide a margin of safety for such payment. The authority may covenant with the entity to establish and maintain fees, rates, and charges at such levels during the term of the contract for such purposes.

Such fees, rates, and charges shall not apply to refuse generated, purchased, or utilized by any enterprise located in the service area and engaged in the business of manufacturing, mining, processing, refining, or conversion that is not disposed at or through such system.

The fees, rates, and charges may be imposed upon the owners, tenants, or occupants of each occupied lot or parcel of land that the authority determines (with the concurrence at the time of such determination of the local government in which such parcel is located) is in the service area, or portion thereof, of the system for which the authority has contracted, whether or not refuse generated from such parcel is actually delivered to such system.

The fees, rates, and charges shall be fixed in accordance with the procedures set forth in subsection D of § 15.2-5136 . Such fees, rates, and charges may be allocated among the owners, tenants, or occupants of each lot or parcel of land that the authority determines is in the service area, or portion thereof, of the system for which the authority has contracted. Such allocation may be based upon:

1. Waste generation estimates, the average number of persons residing, working in, or otherwise connected with such premises, the type and character of such premises, or upon any combination of the foregoing factors;

2. The amount of refuse delivered to such system;

3. The assessed value of such parcels; or

4. A combination of the foregoing.

There shall be a lien on real estate for the amount of such fees, rates, and charges as provided in § 15.2-5139 . The authority is empowered by resolution or other lawful action to enforce the payment of the lien by means of the actions described in § 15.2-5138 .

The power to establish such fees, rates, and charges shall be in addition to any other powers granted hereunder, and such fees, rates, and charges shall not be subject to the jurisdiction of any commission, authority, or other unit of government. The entity contracting with the authority, except to the extent that rights herein given may be restricted by the contract, either at law or in equity, by suit, mandamus, or other proceedings, may protect and enforce any and all rights granted under such contract and may force and compel the performance of all duties required by this chapter or by such contract to be performed by the authority or by any officer thereof, including without limitation the fixing, charging, and collecting of fees, rates, and charges in accordance with this chapter and such contract.

Such contract, with the irrevocable consent of the entity, may be made directly with the trustee for indebtedness issued to finance such system and provide for payment directly to such trustee. The authority may pledge fees, rates, and charges made in respect of the contract with the entity, and such pledge shall be valid and binding from the time it is made. Fees, rates, and charges so pledged and thereafter received by the authority shall immediately be subject to the lien of such pledge without any physical delivery or further act, and the lien of such pledge shall be valid and binding against all parties having claims of any kind, in tort, contract, or otherwise, irrespective of whether such parties have notice thereof. Neither the contract nor any assignment thereof need be filed or recorded except in the records of the authority.

The requirements and restrictions of § 15.2-5121 shall not apply to any contract of the authority with respect to the system if the entity for such system will not collect refuse from the generators of the same and there are no such facilities located in the area served by the authority.

1997, c. 587 ; 2019, c. 632 .
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-531 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle I / Chapter 5 / Article 3 / Section 15.2-531
Department of education
Status: in_force

The department of education shall consist of the county school board, the division superintendent of schools and the officers and employees thereof. Except as herein otherwise provided, the county school board and the division superintendent of schools shall exercise the powers conferred and perform the duties imposed upon them by general law. The county school board shall be composed of not less than three nor more than seven members, who shall be chosen by the board of county supervisors. The exact number of members shall be determined by the board.

Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this section, the county school board in a county which is contiguous to a county having the urban county executive form of government shall consist of the same number of members as there are supervisors' election districts for the county, one member to be appointed from each of the districts by the board of county supervisors.

The board may also appoint a county resident to cast the deciding vote in case of a tie vote of the school board as provided in § 22.1-75 . Any tie breaker shall be appointed for a four-year term whether appointed to fill a vacancy caused by expiration of a term or otherwise.

The chairman of the county school board, for the purpose of appearing before the board of county supervisors, shall be considered head of this department, unless the school board designates some other person in the department for such purpose.

Code 1950, § 15-292; 1962, c. 623, § 15.1-609; 1980, c. 559; 1981, c. 246; 1988, cc. 102, 449; 1997, c. 587.
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-3903 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle III / Chapter 39 / Section 15.2-3903
Notice of motion; service and publication; answer
Status: in_force

At least thirty days before instituting a proceeding under the provisions of this chapter, a county shall serve notice on the attorney for the Commonwealth, or on the city or county attorney, if there is one, and on the chairman of the board of supervisors of each adjoining county and the mayor of each city and town within the county instituting proceedings that it will, on a given day, petition the circuit court for an order declaring the county eligible for city status. The notice served on each official shall include a certified copy of the ordinance. A copy of the notice and ordinance, or a descriptive summary of the notice and ordinance and a reference to the place within the county where copies of the notice and ordinance may be examined, shall be published at least once a week for four successive weeks in some newspaper having general circulation in the county seeking eligibility for city status. The notice and ordinance shall be returned after service to the clerk of the circuit court. Certification from the owner, editor or manager of the newspaper publishing the notice and ordinance shall be proof of publication.

1979, c. 85, § 15.1-977.3; 1997, c. 587.
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-743 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle I / Chapter 7 / Article 2 / Section 15.2-743
Fee for certain vacations, encroachments, and abandonments
Status: in_force

A county may charge a fee for processing applications for vacations as provided for in § 15.2-2273 , applications for encroachments as provided for in § 15.2-2012 , and petitions for abandonments under § 33.2-917 . The fee for processing such applications and petitions shall be, at the county's discretion, either the amount provided in § 15.2-2273 , the amount provided in § 15.2-2012 , or an amount not to exceed the county's demonstrable costs for such processing, which costs may include title examination and appraisal of the property that is the subject of the application or petition. In lieu of including such costs in the application fee, the county may require submission of a title examination and appraisal by the applicant or petitioner.

1991, c. 143, § 15.1-687.21; 1997, c. 587; 2005, cc. 40 , 84 .
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-2108.13 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle II / Chapter 21 / Article 1.1 / Section 15.2-2108.13
Quality of service standards
Status: in_force

A municipality that provides a cable television service shall adopt an ordinance governing the quality of service the municipality shall provide to its subscribers, which standard of quality shall be no more favorable or less burdensome to the municipality than the standard of quality applied to any other private providers within the municipality.

2003, c. 677 .
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-509 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle I / Chapter 5 / Article 2 / Section 15.2-509
County executive appointed by board
Status: in_force

The board shall appoint a county executive and fix his compensation. He shall devote his full time to the work of the county. He shall be appointed with regard to merit only, and need not be a resident of the county at the time of his appointment. No board member shall, during the time for which he has been elected, be chosen county executive, nor shall such powers be given to a person who at the same time is filling an elective office. The head of one of the departments of county government may, however, also be appointed county executive.

Code 1950, § 15-278; 1962, c. 623, § 15.1-595; 1997, c. 587.
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-3211 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle III / Chapter 32 / Article 1 / Section 15.2-3211
Powers of court and rules of decision; terms and conditions
Status: in_force

The special court, in making its decision, shall balance the equities in the case, shall enter an order setting forth what it deems fair and reasonable terms and conditions, and shall direct the annexation in conformity therewith. It shall have power to:

1. Determine the metes and bounds of the territory to be annexed, and may include a greater or smaller area than that described in the ordinance or petition; the court shall so draw the lines of annexation as to have a reasonably compact body of land and so that no land shall be taken into the city which is not adapted to city improvements or which the city will not need in the reasonably near future for development, unless necessarily embraced in such compact body of land;

2. Require the assumption by the city or town of a just proportion of any existing debt of the county or any district therein;

3. Require the payment by the city of a sum to be determined by the court, payable on the effective date of annexation, to compensate the county for the value of public improvements, including but not limited to the paving of public roads and streets, the construction of sidewalks thereon, the installation of water mains, or sewers, garbage disposal systems, fire protection facilities, bridges, public schools and equipment thereof, or any other permanent public improvements owned and maintained by the county at the time of annexation; and further to compensate the county, in not more than five annual installments, for the prospective loss of net tax revenues during the next five years, to such extent as the court in its discretion may determine, because of the annexation of taxable values to the city;

4. Require the payment by a town of a sum to be determined by the court, payable on the effective date of annexation to compensate the county for any such public improvement which becomes the property of the town by annexation; the order may provide that if, within five years after the order, such town becomes a city, it shall, from and after it becomes a city, make such payments as are provided for in subdivision 3 for a period not to exceed five years from the date of such order;

5. In lieu of providing for compensation of the county for any public improvement, provide that any such improvement shall remain the property of the county, or provide for joint use thereof by the county and the city or town under such conditions as the court may prescribe with the consent of the affected localities;

6. Prescribe what capital outlays shall be made by the city in the area after annexation; the court shall require of the city the provision of any capital improvements which in its judgment are essential to meet the needs of the annexed area and to bring the same up to a standard equal to that of the remainder of the city; and the court may, in its discretion, require as a condition of annexation the provision of capital improvements in addition to those specified in the annexation ordinance when the same are required to meet the needs of the area annexed;

7. Require the payment by the city or town to any common carrier of passengers by motor bus, who may become a party to the annexation proceeding, of a sum to be determined by the court to compensate such carrier for any loss or damage such carrier may suffer from the effects of the annexation order upon its operations. However, the city or town may elect to permit the carrier to continue to operate within the annexed area for such period of time, to be determined by the court, as will permit the carrier to liquidate and recover its investment through depreciation.

Code 1950, § 15-152.12; 1952, c. 328; 1960, c. 550; 1962, c. 623, § 15.1-1042; 1997, c. 587.
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-6402 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle IV / Chapter 64 / Section 15.2-6402
Procedure for creation of authorities
Status: in_force

The governing bodies of any two or more localities within the region, provided that at least two or more of the localities are cities or counties or a combination thereof, may, in conformance with the procedure set forth herein, create a regional industrial facility authority by adopting ordinances proposing to create an authority which shall (i) set forth the name of the proposed regional industrial facility authority (which shall include the words "industrial facility authority"); (ii) name the member localities; (iii) contain findings that the economic growth and development of the locality and the comfort, convenience and welfare of its citizens require the development of facilities and that joint action through a regional industrial facility authority by the localities which are to be members of the proposed authority will facilitate the development of the needed facilities; and (iv) authorize the execution of an agreement establishing the respective rights and obligations of the member localities with respect to the authority consistent with the provisions of this chapter. However, with regard to Planning Districts 2, 3, 10, 11, 12, 13, and 14, the governing bodies of any two or more localities within the region, provided that one or more of the localities is a city or county, may adopt such an ordinance. Such ordinances shall be filed with the Secretary of the Commonwealth. Upon certification by the Secretary of the Commonwealth that the ordinances required by this chapter have been filed and, upon the basis of the facts set forth therein, satisfy such requirements, the proposed authority shall be and constitute an authority for all of the purposes of this chapter, to be known and designated by the name stated in the ordinances. Upon the issuance of such certificate, the authority shall be deemed to have been lawfully and properly created and established and authorized to exercise its powers under this chapter. Each authority created pursuant to this chapter is hereby created as a political subdivision of the Commonwealth. At any time subsequent to the creation of an authority under this chapter, the membership of the authority may, with the approval of the authority's board, be expanded to include any locality within the region that would have been eligible to be an initial member of the authority. The governing body of a locality seeking to become a member of an existing authority shall evidence its intent to become a member by adopting an ordinance proposing to join the authority that conforms, to the extent applicable, to the requirements for an ordinance set forth in clauses (i), (iii), and (iv).

1997, cc. 276 , 587 , § 15 .1-1712; 1999, cc. 820 , 882 ; 2000, c. 892 ; 2001, c. 391 ; 2002, c. 691 ; 2006, c. 324 ; 2018, c. 545 ; 2024, c. 167 .
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-7607 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle IV / Chapter 76 / Section 15.2-7607
Dissolution of Authority
Status: in_force

Each member locality of the Authority may withdraw from the Authority only upon dissolution of the Authority as set forth herein. Whenever the Board determines that the purpose for which the Authority was created has been substantially fulfilled or is impractical or impossible to accomplish and that all obligations incurred by the Authority have been paid or that cash or a sufficient amount of United States government securities has been deposited for their payment, or provisions satisfactory for the timely payment of all its outstanding obligations have been arranged, the Board may adopt resolutions declaring and finding that the Authority shall be dissolved. Appropriate attested copies of such resolutions shall be delivered to the Governor so that legislation dissolving the Authority may be introduced in the General Assembly. The dissolution of the Authority shall become effective according to the terms of such legislation. The title to all funds and other property owned by the Authority at the time of such dissolution shall vest in the counties that have contributed to the Authority's resources in proportion to their respective contributions.

2017, c. 388 .
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-1901.1 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle II / Chapter 19 / Section 15.2-1901.1
Condemnation by localities authorized
Status: in_force

The governing body of any locality may acquire by condemnation title to (i) land, buildings and structures, (ii) any easement thereover or (iii) any sand, earth, gravel, water or other necessary material for the purpose of opening, constructing, repairing or maintaining a road or for any other authorized public undertaking if the terms of purchase cannot be agreed upon or the owner (a) is unknown, (b) cannot with reasonable diligence be found in the Commonwealth or (c) due to incapacity cannot negotiate an agreement. Condemnation proceedings shall be conducted under the provisions of Chapter 2 (§ 25.1-200 et seq.) of Title 25.1 insofar as applicable.

Code 1950, § 25-232; 1964, c. 291, § 25-232.01; 1980, c. 559; 1986, c. 117; 2003, c. 940 .
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-2126 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle II / Chapter 21 / Article 4 / Section 15.2-2126
Notice to governing body required prior to construction
Status: in_force

Any person, including municipal corporations, that proposes to establish a sewage system consisting of pipelines or conduits, pumping stations, force mains or sewerage treatment plants, or any of them, or an extension of any existing system which is designed to serve three or more connections and used for conducting or treating sewage, as that term is defined in Chapter 3.1 (§ 62.1-44.2 et seq.) of Title 62.1, to serve or to be capable of serving three or more connections shall, at least sixty days prior to commencing construction thereof, notify in writing the governing body of the county in which such sewage system is to be located and shall appear at a regular meeting thereof and notify such governing body in person. However, a town proposing to construct or expand a sewage system shall not be required to provide notice in writing or in person to a county if the county itself does not operate a sewage system or provide sewerage services.

In any county having a population of more than 70,000 according to the 1950 or any subsequent census or a county adjoining a city having a population of 230,000 or more according to the 1950 or any subsequent census, no extension of an existing system for the purpose of serving three or more connections shall be made by any person, firm or corporation, other than a municipal corporation, until a plan of such proposed extension, with proof of capacity to serve, has been filed with, and a permit for the extension has been obtained from, the sanitation engineer or other county official, if any, designated therefor by the board of supervisors.

Code 1950, § 15-739.7; 1954, c. 382; 1956, c. 655; 1958, c. 284; 1962, c. 623, § 15.1-326; 1974, c. 246; 1990, c. 501; 1997, c. 587.
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-2438 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle II / Chapter 24.3 / Section 15.2-2438
Sale of loans
Status: in_force

The Authority is empowered at any time and from time to time to sell, upon such terms and conditions as the Authority shall deem appropriate, any loan, or interest therein, made pursuant to this chapter. The net proceeds of sale remaining after payment of the costs and expenses of the sale shall be designated for deposit to, and become part of, the Fund.

2010, c. 724 .
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-4808 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle IV / Chapter 48 / Article 1 / Section 15.2-4808
Reimbursement for advances to district
Status: in_force

Notwithstanding the provisions of any other law, the commission shall direct the district treasurer to reimburse the county or town from any funds of the district not otherwise specifically allocated or obligated, to the extent that the county or town has made advances.

1997, c. 587 .
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-710 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle I / Chapter 7 / Article 2 / Section 15.2-710
Budget; county manager to be executive and administrative officer; financial condition of county
Status: in_force

In addition to such other duties as are or may be prescribed by law or directed by the board, the county manager shall each year on or before April 15 prepare and submit to the board a tentative budget for informative and fiscal planning purposes. The budget shall be prepared in accordance with the provisions of law in effect governing the preparation of the county budget and shall show in detail the recommendations of the county manager for expenditures on each road and bridge or for other purposes.

The county manager shall be the executive and administrative officer of the county in all matters relating to the public roads and bridges of the county, and other public work and business in the county, except public schools. He shall have general supervision and charge of construction and maintenance of the public roads, bridges and landings of the county, and of public work and business of the county, except public schools, and of the purchase of supplies, equipment and materials for the roads, bridges and landings and other public work and business of the county, and the employment of all superintendents, foremen and labor therefor. However, the board may, by ordinance, prescribe rules and regulations for the purchase of all supplies, equipment and materials for the roads, bridges and landings and other public work and business of the county.

The county manager shall keep the board advised as to the county's financial condition, and shall periodically, and upon board request, provide a report to the board on the status of expenditures and revenues for the current fiscal year. On or before October 31 of each year, he shall provide a report to the board at a regular board meeting on expenses and revenue for the preceding year, ending June 30.

Code 1950, § 15-353; 1952, c. 198; 1954, c. 102; 1959, Ex. Sess., c. 69; 1962, c. 623, § 15.1-682; 1997, c. 587; 2004, cc. 22 , 510 .
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-2129 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle II / Chapter 21 / Article 4 / Section 15.2-2129
Contents of notice to governing body; further information
Status: in_force

The applicant shall state in the notice to the governing body required by § 15.2-2126 the number and nature of the connections to which service will be given under the certificate applied for. The governing body may require such further information as it deems desirable in order to pass upon the application.

Code 1950, § 15-739.9; 1954, c. 382; 1962, c. 623, § 15.1-328; 1997, c. 587.
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-961 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle II / Chapter 9 / Article 5 / Section 15.2-961
Replacement of trees during development process
Status: in_force

A. For purposes of this section, "tree canopy" or "tree cover" includes all areas of coverage by plant material exceeding five feet in height and the extent of planted tree canopy at 10 or 20 years' maturity. Planted tree canopy at 10 or 20 years' maturity shall be based on published reference texts generally accepted by landscape architects, nurserymen, and arborists in the community, and the texts shall be specified in the ordinance.

B. Any locality may adopt an ordinance providing for the planting and replacement of trees during the development process pursuant to the provisions of this section.

C. The ordinance shall require that the site plan for any subdivision or development include the planting or replacement of trees on the site to the extent that, at 20 years, minimum tree canopies or covers will be provided in areas to be designated in the ordinance, as follows:

1. Ten percent tree canopy for a site zoned business, commercial, or industrial;

2. Ten percent tree canopy for a residential site zoned 20 or more units per acre;

3. Fifteen percent tree canopy for a residential site zoned more than 10 but less than 20 units per acre;

4. Twenty percent tree canopy for a residential site zoned more than five but not more than 10 units per acre;

5. Twenty-five percent tree canopy for a residential site zoned more than two but not more than five units per acre; and

6. Thirty percent tree canopy for a residential site zoned two or fewer units per acre.

For purposes of this subsection, where a locality approves an increase in the number of units per acre through development or subdivision of existing units through a site plan approval, such site plan approval may require that the plan meet the tree canopy percentage applicable to the site in its predevelopment state.

However, the City of Williamsburg may require at 10 years the minimum tree canopies or covers set out above.

D. The ordinance shall require that the site plan for any subdivision or development include, at 20 years, that a minimum 10 percent tree canopy will be provided on the site of any cemetery as defined in § 54.1-2310 , notwithstanding any other provision of this section. In no event shall any local tree replacement or planting ordinance adopted pursuant to this section exceed the requirements of this subsection.

E. The ordinance shall provide for reasonable provisions for reducing the tree canopy requirements or granting tree cover credit in consideration of the preservation of existing tree cover or for preservation of trees of outstanding age, size, or physical characteristics.

F. The ordinance shall provide for reasonable exceptions to or deviations from these requirements to allow for the reasonable development of farm land or other areas devoid of healthy or suitable woody materials, for the preservation of wetlands, or otherwise when the developer requests, and the locality concurs, that the strict application of the requirements would result in unnecessary or unreasonable hardship to the developer or prevent the development of uses and densities otherwise allowed by the locality's zoning or development ordinance. Such a determination may take into consideration neighborhood environmental and natural resource considerations such as stormwater management and preservation of trees of outstanding age, size, or physical characteristics. In such instances, the ordinance may provide for a tree canopy bank or fund, which bank or fund shall be consistent with subdivisions G 1 and 2 of § 15.2-961.1 whereby a portion of a development's tree canopy requirement may be met from off-site planting or replacement of trees at the direction of the locality. The following shall be exempt from the requirements of any tree replacement or planting ordinance promulgated under this section: dedicated school sites, playing fields and other nonwooded recreation areas, and other facilities and uses of a similar nature.

G. The ordinance may designate tree species that cannot be planted to meet minimum tree canopy requirements due to tendencies of such species to (i) negatively impact native plant communities, (ii) cause damage to nearby structures and infrastructure, or (iii) possess inherent physiological traits that cause such trees to structurally fail. All trees to be planted shall meet the specifications of the AmericanHort. The planting of trees shall be done in accordance with either the standardized landscape specifications jointly adopted by the Virginia Nursery and Landscape Association, the Virginia Society of Landscape Designers and the Virginia Chapter of the American Society of Landscape Architects, or the road and bridge specifications of the Virginia Department of Transportation.

H. Existing trees which are to be preserved may be included to meet all or part of the canopy requirements, and may include wooded preserves, if the site plan identifies such trees and the trees meet standards of desirability and life-year expectancy which the locality may establish.

I. The ordinance may permit the locality without entering the property to monitor and assess the condition and coverage of tree canopies at development sites approved pursuant to the ordinance during a period of time of up to 20 years' maturity of the planted trees.

J. Penalties for violations of ordinances adopted pursuant to this section shall be the same as those applicable to violations of zoning ordinances of the locality.

K. In no event shall any local tree replacement or planting ordinance adopted pursuant to this section exceed the requirements set forth herein.

L. Nothing in this section shall invalidate any local ordinance adopted pursuant to the provisions of this section prior to July 1, 1990, which imposes standards for tree replacement or planting during the development process.

M. Nothing in this section shall invalidate any local ordinance adopted by the City of Williamsburg that imposes standards for 10-year-minimum tree cover replacement or planting during the development process.

N. Nothing in this section shall invalidate any local ordinance adopted pursuant to the provisions of this section after July 1, 1990, which imposes standards for 20-year-minimum tree cover replacement or planting during the development process.

O. Nothing in this section shall prohibit or unreasonably limit silvicultural practices in accordance with § 10.1-1126.1 .

1989, c. 715, § 15.1-14.2; 1990, c. 362; 1994, c. 420 ; 1997, c. 587 ; 2002, cc. 191 , 226 ; 2003, c. 875 ; 2007, c. 813 ; 2013, c. 248 ; 2018, c. 399 ; 2022, c. 620 ; 2026, cc. 511 , 626 .
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-5431.25 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle IV / Chapter 54.1 / Section 15.2-5431.25
Rates and charges
Status: in_force

A. The authority may fix and revise rates, fees and other charges (which shall include, but not be limited to, a penalty not to exceed 10 percent on delinquent accounts, and interest on the principal), subject to the provisions of this section, for the use of a project or any portion thereof and for the services furnished or to be furnished by the authority, or facilities incident thereto, owned, operated or maintained by the authority, or facilities incident thereto, for which the authority has issued revenue bonds as authorized by this chapter or received loan funding from other sources. Such rates, fees and charges shall be so fixed and revised as to provide funds, with other funds available for such purposes, sufficient at all times (i) to pay the cost of maintaining, repairing and operating the project or systems, or facilities incident thereto, for which such bonds were issued or loans obtained, including reserves for such purposes and for replacement and depreciation and necessary extensions, (ii) to pay the principal of and the interest on the revenue bonds as they become due and reserves therefor, or other loan principal and interest, and (iii) to provide a margin of safety for making such payments. The authority shall charge and collect the rates, fees and charges so fixed or revised. The authority shall maintain records demonstrating compliance with the requirements of this section concerning the fixing and revision of rates, fees, and charges that shall be made available for inspection and copying by the public pursuant to the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (§ 2.2-3700 et seq.).

B. No rates, fees or charges shall be fixed under subsection A until after a public hearing at which all of the users of such facilities; the owners, tenants or occupants of property served or to be served thereby; and all others interested have had an opportunity to be heard concerning the proposed rates, fees and charges. After the adoption by the authority of a resolution setting forth the preliminary schedule or schedules fixing and classifying such rates, fees and charges, notice of a public hearing, setting forth the proposed schedule or schedules of rates, fees and charges, shall be published twice in a newspaper having a general circulation in the area to be served by such systems, with the first notice appearing no more than 28 days before and the second notice appearing no less than seven days before the hearing. The hearing may be adjourned from time to time. A copy of the notice shall be mailed to the governing bodies of all localities in which such systems or any part thereof is located. After the hearing the preliminary schedule or schedules, either as originally adopted or as amended, shall be adopted and put into effect.

C. A copy of the schedule or schedules of the final rates, fees and charges fixed in accordance with subsection B shall be kept on file in the office of the clerk or secretary of the governing body of the locality, and shall be open to inspection by all interested parties. The rates, fees or charges so fixed for any class of users or property served shall be extended to cover any additional properties thereafter served which fall within the same class, without the necessity of a hearing or notice. Any increase in any rates, fees or charges under this section shall be made in the manner provided in subsection B. Any other change or revision of the rates, fees or charges may be made in the same manner as the rates, fees or charges were originally established as provided in subsection B.

D. Connection fees established by any authority shall be fair and reasonable. Such fees shall be reviewed by the authority periodically and shall be adjusted, if necessary, to assure that they continue to be fair and reasonable. Nothing herein shall affect existing contracts with bondholders which are in conflict with any of the foregoing provisions.

2003, c. 643 ; 2017, c. 389 ; 2023, cc. 506 , 507 ; 2024, cc. 225 , 242 .
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-1200 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle II / Chapter 12 / Article 1 / Section 15.2-1200
General powers of counties
Status: in_force

Any county may adopt such measures as it deems expedient to secure and promote the health, safety and general welfare of its inhabitants which are not inconsistent with the general laws of the Commonwealth. Such power shall include, but shall not be limited to, the adoption of quarantine regulations affecting both persons and animals, the adoption of necessary regulations to prevent the spread of contagious diseases among persons or animals and the adoption of regulations for the prevention of the pollution of water which is dangerous to the health or lives of persons residing in the county.

Code 1950, § 15-8; 1954, c. 529; 1956, cc. 218, 664; 1956, Ex. Sess., c. 40; 1958, c. 279; 1960, c. 606; 1962, c. 623, § 15.1-510; 1997, c. 587.
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-3804 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle III / Chapter 38 / Section 15.2-3804
Parties
Status: in_force

In any proceeding instituted under the provisions of this chapter, the county or counties in which the town is situated shall be made party to the case. Any voter or property owner of the town or county or counties in which the town is situated may by petition become party to the proceeding. Any locality with a common boundary or other person affected by the proceeding may appear and shall be made party to the case.

1979, c. 85, § 15.1-982.4; 1997, c. 587.
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-4613 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle IV / Chapter 46 / Article 1 / Section 15.2-4613
Tort liability
Status: in_force

No pecuniary liability of any kind shall be imposed on the Commonwealth or on any county, town, or landowner therein because of any act, agreement, contract, tort, malfeasance, misfeasance, or nonfeasance, by or on the part of a district created under this chapter or its agents, servants, or employees.

1997, c. 587 .
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-3233 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle III / Chapter 32 / Article 2 / Section 15.2-3233
Adoption of agreement
Status: in_force

After the Commission has advised the governing bodies of the two jurisdictions of its determination, and regardless of whether its determination is favorable, such bodies may adopt the agreement. If the Commission's determination is unfavorable, however, the governing bodies shall first conduct an additional joint public hearing advertised as provided in § 15.2-3232 . Adoption of the agreement by both governing bodies will operate permanently to divest the town of its right to become a city.

1979, c. 85, § 15.1-1058.3; 1997, c. 587.
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-2295 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle II / Chapter 22 / Article 7 / Section 15.2-2295
Aircraft noise attenuation features in buildings and structures within airport noise zones
Status: in_force

Any locality in whose jurisdiction, or adjacent jurisdiction, is located a licensed airport or United States government or military air facility, may enforce building regulations relating to the provision or installation of acoustical treatment measures in residential buildings and structures, or portions thereof, other than farm structures, for which building permits are issued after January 1, 2003, in areas affected by above average noise levels from aircraft due to their proximity to flight operations at nearby airports. Any locality in whose jurisdiction, or adjacent jurisdiction, is located a United States Master Jet Base, a licensed airport or United States government or military air facility, may, in addition, adopt and enforce building regulations relating to the provision or installation of acoustical treatment measures applicable to buildings and structures, or portions thereof, in Assembly, Business, Educational, Institutional, and Mercantile groups, as defined in the International Building Code.

In establishing the regulations, the locality may adopt one or more noise overlay zones as an amendment to its zoning map and may establish different measures to be provided or installed within each zone, taking into account the severity of the impact of aircraft noise upon buildings and structures within each zone. Any such regulations or amendments to a zoning map shall provide a process for reasonable notice to affected property owners. Any regulations or amendments to a zoning map shall be adopted in accordance with this chapter. A statement shall be placed on all recorded surveys, subdivision plats and all final site plans approved after January 1, 2003, giving notice that a parcel of real property either partially or wholly lies within an airport noise overlay zone. No existing use of property which is affected by the adoption of such regulations or amendments to a zoning map shall be considered a nonconforming use solely because of the regulations or amendments. The provisions of this section shall not affect any local aircraft noise attenuation regulations or ordinances adopted prior to the effective date of this act, and such regulations and ordinances may be amended provided the amendments shall not alter building materials, construction methods, plan submission requirements or inspection practices specified in the Virginia Uniform Statewide Building Code.

1994, c. 745 , § 15.1-491.03; 1997, c. 587; 2002, c. 180 ; 2005, c. 509 ; 2011, c. 135 .
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-1614.1 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle II / Chapter 16 / Article 3 / Section 15.2-1614.1
Expense of boarding and lodging jurors
Status: in_force

Whenever it is necessary for a sheriff or sergeant to pay for the board and lodging of juries, he shall obtain a receipt for the funds so spent and on or before the fifth day of the month next succeeding he shall present such bill to the board of supervisors or other governing body of the county or to the city council, as the case may be, which shall, if it is found correct, reimburse the sheriff or sergeant for the amount so spent by him for such purpose. The county or city shall be reimbursed by the Commonwealth for all sums so expended on account of any criminal trial involving an offense against the Commonwealth.

Code 1950, § 14-94; 1964, c. 386, § 14.1-83; 1998, c. 872 .
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-5375 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle IV / Chapter 53.1 / Section 15.2-5375
Appropriations to Authority
Status: in_force

Any participating locality is authorized to make appropriations to the Authority from available funds or from funds provided for the purpose by bond issues for the acquisition of land or improvements to land or the construction, improvement, maintenance, and operation of any hospital or health center operated or controlled or proposed to be operated or controlled by the Authority. The participating locality may also transfer to the Authority, with or without consideration, real or personal property for any or all of such purposes.

2007, c. 676 .
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-100 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle I / Chapter 1 / Section 15.2-100
Charter powers not affected by title
Status: in_force

Except when otherwise expressly provided by the words, "Notwithstanding any contrary provision of law, general or special," or words of similar import, the provisions of this title shall not repeal, amend, impair or affect any power, right or privilege conferred on counties, cities and towns by charter.

Code 1950, § 15-2; 1962, c. 623, § 15.1-1; 1997, c. 587.
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-2108 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle II / Chapter 21 / Article 1 / Section 15.2-2108
Repealed
Status: repealed

Repealed by Acts 2006, cc. 73 and 76 , cl. 2, effective July 1, 2006.
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-5503 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle IV / Chapter 55 / Section 15.2-5503
Executive director; staff
Status: in_force

The Authority shall appoint an executive director, who shall be authorized to employ such staff as necessary to enable the Authority to perform its duties as set forth in this chapter. The Authority is authorized to determine the duties of such staff and to fix salaries and compensation from such funds as may be received or appropriated.

1993, c. 663, § 15.1-1399.22; 1997, c. 587.
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-5003 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle IV / Chapter 50 / Section 15.2-5003
Administration
Status: in_force

The Board of Housing and Community Development shall establish guidelines in accordance with this chapter that shall detail (i) the specific administrative policies, criteria, and procedures for the allocation to local housing authorities set forth in subdivision 1 of § 15.2-5002 and (ii) the administrative procedures for the state allocation set forth in subdivision 3 of § 15.2-5002 . The Virginia Housing Development Authority shall administer its allocation set forth in subdivision 1 of § 15.2-5002 and shall use such allocation to finance loans for single family and multi-family housing in accordance with the policies, criteria, and procedures in its rules and regulations applicable to such loans, provided, however, that notwithstanding any other provision of this chapter, the Virginia Housing Development Authority may use any or all of its allocation of bond authority under § 15.2-5002 and any unused bond authority reallocated or continued to be allocated to the Virginia Housing Development Authority under § 15.2-5004 to issue mortgage credit certificates in accordance with (a) the provisions of § 25 of the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and any successor provisions and (b) the policies, criteria, and procedures in its rules and regulations applicable to such certificates. The Virginia Small Business Financing Authority shall establish guidelines in accordance with this chapter which detail the specific administrative policies, criteria, and procedures for the use of the allocation for industrial development set forth in subdivision 2 of § 15.2-5002 . Specific application, allocation, and reporting requirements shall be provided by the guidelines. The guidelines of the Board of Housing and Community Development and the Virginia Small Business Financing Authority shall be in accordance with the limitations and restrictions contained in federal law.

1987, c. 306, § 15.1-1399.15; 1995, c. 128 ; 1997, c. 587; 2008, c. 445 ; 2012, c. 239 .
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-6206 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle IV / Chapter 62 / Section 15.2-6206
Further powers
Status: in_force

The Authority may:

1. Enter into contractual agreements in furtherance of its purpose;

2. Rent, lease, including the execution of leases with option to purchase, buy, own, acquire and dispose of such property, real or personal, as the Authority deems proper to carry out any of the purposes and provisions of this chapter;

3. Apply for and accept grants or loans of money or other property from any federal agency for any of the purposes authorized in this chapter and expend or use the same in accordance with the directions and requirements attached thereto or imposed thereon by any such federal agency; and

4. Perform any act or function which is in accord with the purposes of this chapter, including (i) borrowing money, including issuing bonds, (ii) providing for the guarantee of loans, and (iii) employing such persons as the Board deems necessary to carry on the business of the Authority.

1993, c. 982, § 15.1-1667; 1997, c. 587.
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-1234 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle II / Chapter 12 / Article 2 / Section 15.2-1234
Definitions
Status: in_force

As used in this article, "supplies" means any articles or things, including equipment, which are used by or furnished to any department, institution, office, board or other agency of county government.

"Contractual services" means any telephone, telegraph, postal, electric light and power service and other similar services.

Code 1950, § 15-542; 1962, c. 623, § 15.1-106; 1997, c. 587.
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-5405.1 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle IV / Chapter 54 / Section 15.2-5405.1
Applicability of personnel and procurement procedures to certain authorities
Status: in_force

The provisions of the Virginia Personnel Act (§ 2.2-2900 et seq.) and the Virginia Public Procurement Act (§ 2.2-4300 et seq.) shall apply to an authority created by a governmental unit exempt from the referendum requirement of § 15.2-5403 in the exercise of any power conferred under this article only to the extent that such provisions would have applied to the sole member of such authority in the exercise of such power directly.

2006, cc. 929 , 941 .
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-6318 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle IV / Chapter 63 / Section 15.2-6318
Investment in bonds issued by authorities
Status: in_force

The Commonwealth and all public officers, municipal corporations, political subdivisions, and public bodies, all banks, bankers, trust companies, savings banks and institutions, building and loan associations, savings and loan associations, investment companies and other persons carrying on a banking business, all insurance companies, except domestic life insurance companies, and all fiduciaries may legally invest any sinking funds, moneys or other funds belonging to them or within their control in any bonds or other obligations issued by any such authority, and such bonds and other obligations shall be authorized security for all public deposits and shall be fully negotiable in this Commonwealth; it being the purpose of this chapter to authorize any persons, firms, corporations, associations, political subdivisions, bodies and officers, public or private, to use any funds owned or controlled by them, including (but not limited to) sinking, insurance, investment, retirement, compensation, pension funds, and funds held on deposit, for the purchase of any such bonds or other obligations and that any such bonds or other obligations shall be authorized security for all public deposits and shall be fully negotiable in this Commonwealth.

Code 1950, § 15-956; 1954, c. 645; 1962, c. 623, § 15.1-1339; 1997, c. 587.
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-1615 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle II / Chapter 16 / Article 3 / Section 15.2-1615
Sheriff to deposit funds, keep account of receipts and disbursements, keep books open for inspection
Status: in_force

A. All money received by the sheriff shall be deposited intact and promptly with the county or city treasurer or Director of Finance, except that the sheriff shall maintain an official account for (i) funds collected for or on account of the Commonwealth or any locality or person pursuant to an order of the court and fees as provided by law and (ii) funds held in trust for prisoners held in local correctional facilities, in accordance with procedures established by the State Board of Local and Regional Jails pursuant to § 53.1-68 .

The sheriff's official accounts shall be secured in accordance with the Virginia Security for Public Deposits Act (§ 2.2-4400 et seq.).

B. The sheriff shall keep the books, papers, receipt books and statements pertaining to the receipts and disbursements of his office at all times ready for inspection by the Auditor of Public Accounts or any other certified public accountant authorized by the governing body. Furthermore, the accounts and books of the sheriff shall be included in the audit of the local government conducted pursuant to § 15.2-2511 .

1993, c. 334, § 15.1-83.1; 1997, c. 587 ; 2020, c. 759 .
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-1517.1 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle II / Chapter 15 / Article 3 / Section 15.2-1517.1
Formation of not-for-profit benefits consortium
Status: in_force

A. As used in this section:

"Benefits consortium" means a nonstock corporation formed pursuant to subsection B.

"Benefits plan" means a plan adopted by the board of directors of a benefits consortium to provide health and welfare benefits to employees of localities that are members of the benefits consortium and their dependents.

"Employee welfare benefit plan" has the meaning set forth in § 3(1) of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, 29 U.S.C. § 1002(1).

"Locality" means any city or county or the school board with authority over public schools within the boundaries of a city or county.

B. Notwithstanding any provision of law to the contrary, the governing bodies of three or more localities that as of December 31, 2014, comprised the membership of a multiple employer welfare arrangement may form a not-for-profit benefits consortium for the purpose of establishing a self-funded employee welfare benefits plan by acting as incorporators of a nonstock corporation pursuant to the Virginia Nonstock Corporation Act (§ 13.1-801 et seq.). In addition to provisions required or permitted by the Virginia Nonstock Corporation Act, the organizational documents of the benefits consortium shall:

1. Limit membership in the benefits consortium to localities;

2. Set forth the name and address of each of the initial members of the corporation;

3. Set forth requirements for the admission of additional localities to the corporation;

4. Set forth the procedure for admission of additional localities to the corporation;

5. Require that each initial member of the corporation and each additional locality admitted to membership agree to remain a member of the benefits consortium for a period of at least five years from the date the consortium begins operations or the date of the additional locality's admission to membership, as the case may be;

6. Provide that the number of directors of the corporation shall be equal to the number of members;

7. Provide that the board of directors shall have exclusive fiscal control over and be responsible for the operation of the benefits plan and shall govern the benefits consortium in accordance with applicable law;

8. Vest in the board of directors the power to make and collect special assessments against members and, if any assessment is not timely paid, to enforce collection of same in the name of the corporation;

9. State the purposes of the benefits consortium, including the types of risks to be shared by its members;

10. Provide that each member shall be contractually liable for its allocated share of the liabilities of the benefits consortium as determined by the board of directors;

11. Require that the benefits consortium purchase and maintain (i) a bond that satisfies the requirements of applicable law, (ii) fiduciary liability insurance, and (iii) a policy or policies of excess insurance with a retention level determined in accordance with sound actuarial principles from an insurer licensed to transact the business of insurance in the Commonwealth;

12. Require that the benefits consortium be audited annually by an independent certified public accountant engaged by the board of directors; and

13. Not include in the name of the corporation the words "insurance," "insurer," "underwriter," "mutual," or any other word or term or combination of words or terms that is uniquely descriptive of an insurance company or insurance business unless the context of the remaining words or terms clearly indicates that the corporation is not an insurance company and is not carrying on the business of insurance.

C. A benefits consortium shall establish and maintain reserves determined in accordance with sound actuarial principles. Capital may be maintained in the form of an irrevocable letter of credit issued to the benefits consortium by a state or national bank authorized to engage in the banking business in the Commonwealth.

D. A benefits consortium may create a self-funded trust through which the members provide for their employees and their dependents any benefit that a member that is a locality is authorized to provide under an accident and health insurance program authorized by § 15.2-1517 .

E. Except to the extent specifically provided in this section, a benefits consortium organized under and operated in conformity with this section, so long as it remains in good standing under the Virginia Nonstock Corporation Act (§ 13.1-801 et seq.) and otherwise meets the requirements set forth in this section, shall be exempt from all state taxation, and shall not otherwise be subject to the provisions of Title 38.2, including regulation as a multiple employer welfare arrangement.

2015, c. 136 .
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-2413.3 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle II / Chapter 24 / Article 3 / Section 15.2-2413.3
Petition for a proposed tourism improvement district
Status: in_force

Upon the submission to the clerk of a locality of a written petition, signed by the business owners in the proposed tourism improvement district who will pay more than 50 percent of the fees proposed to be charged, a locality may initiate proceedings to form a tourism improvement district. The amount of the fees attributable to a business owned by the same business owner that is in excess of 40 percent of the amount of all fees proposed to be charged shall not be included in determining whether the petition is signed by business owners who will pay more than 50 percent of the total amount of fees proposed to be charged.

Any petition shall include a summary of the tourism improvement district plan. That summary shall include a map showing the boundaries of the tourism improvement district, information specifying where the complete tourism improvement district plan can be obtained, and information specifying that the complete tourism improvement district plan shall be furnished by the signatories of the petition upon request.

2021, Sp. Sess. I, c. 500 .
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-2105.1 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle II / Chapter 21 / Article 1 / Section 15.2-2105.1
Granting franchises for operation of a vehicular ferry transportation system
Status: in_force

The authority granted by this article for the granting of franchises by localities shall include the authority to grant an exclusive franchise for the operation of a vehicular ferry transportation system in Northumberland County. The county may regulate such system, including the establishment of fees and rates.

2002, c. 154 .
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-5520 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle IV / Chapter 55.2 / Section 15.2-5520
Liability of authority
Status: in_force

All expenses incurred in carrying out the provisions of this chapter shall be payable solely from the funds of the authority and no liability or obligation shall be incurred by the authority hereunder beyond the extent to which moneys shall be available to the authority.

2007, c. 864 .
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-3601 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle III / Chapter 36 / Section 15.2-3601
Hearing before Commission on Local Government; notice; parties; finding of Commission
Status: in_force

Upon request of the special court, the Commission on Local Government shall conduct a hearing to determine whether the criteria in § 15.2-3602 have been satisfied. The hearing shall be set no less than thirty days after receipt of the petition by the Commission. All interested parties may present evidence before the Commission, and any county in which is located the area proposed for incorporation shall be made parties to the Commission's hearing.

1979, c. 85, § 15.1-966.1; 1980, c. 170; 1997, c. 587.
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-2222 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle II / Chapter 22 / Article 2 / Section 15.2-2222
Expenditures; gifts and donations
Status: in_force

The local planning commission may expend, under regular local procedure as provided by law, sums appropriated to it for its purposes and activities.

A locality may accept gifts and donations for commission purposes. Any moneys so accepted shall be deposited with the appropriate governing body in a special nonreverting commission fund to be available for expenditure by the commission for the purpose designated by the donor. The disbursing officer of the locality may issue warrants against such special fund only upon vouchers signed by the chairman and the secretary of the commission.

Code 1950, §§ 15-905, 15-917, 15-963.8; 1962, c. 407, § 15.1-445; 1997, c. 587.
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-1541.1 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle II / Chapter 15 / Article 7 / Section 15.2-1541.1
Authority of county administrator to maintain centralized system of accounting
Status: in_force

A county administrator shall maintain a centralized system of accounting for the county, including the county school board and the local board of social services, when such centralized system of accounting is authorized by the governing body under the provisions of § 30-137 .

1998, c. 380 ; 2002, c. 747 .
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-6638 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle IV / Chapter 66.1 / Section 15.2-6638
Authority to issue bonds
Status: in_force

The Authority shall have the power to issue bonds from time to time in its discretion, for any of its purposes, including the payment of all or any part of the cost of Authority facilities and including the payment or retirement of bonds previously issued by it. The Authority may issue such types of bonds as it may determine, including (without limiting the generality of the foregoing) bonds payable, both as to principal and interest: (i) from its revenues and receipts generally and (ii) exclusively from the revenues and receipts of certain designated facilities or loans whether or not they are financed in whole or in part from the proceeds of such bonds. Any such bonds may be additionally secured by a pledge of any grant or contribution from a participating political subdivision, the Commonwealth, or any political subdivision, agency, or instrumentality thereof, any federal agency or any unit, private corporation, co-partnership, association, or individual, as such participating political subdivision, or other entities, may be authorized to make under general law or by pledge of any income or revenues of the Authority or by mortgage or encumbrance of any property or facilities of the Authority. Unless otherwise provided in the proceeding authorizing the issuance of the bonds, or in the trust indenture securing the same, all bonds shall be payable solely and exclusively from the revenues and receipts of a particular facility or loan. Bonds may be executed and delivered by the Authority at any time and from time to time may be in such form and denominations and of such terms and maturities, may be in registered or bearer form either as to principal or interest or both, may be payable in such installments and at such time or times not exceeding 40 years from the date thereof, may be payable at such place or places whether within or without the Commonwealth, may bear interest at such rate or rates, may be payable at such time or times and at such places, may be evidenced in such manner, and may contain such provisions not inconsistent herewith, all as shall be provided and specified by the board of directors in authorizing each particular bond issue.

If deemed advisable by the board of directors, there may be retained in the proceedings under which any bonds of the Authority are authorized to be issued an option to redeem all or any part thereof as may be specified in such proceedings, at such price or prices and after such notice or notices and on such terms and conditions as may be set forth in such proceedings and as may be briefly recited on the face of the bonds, but nothing herein contained shall be construed to confer on the Authority any right or option to redeem any bonds except as may be provided in the proceedings under which they shall be issued. Any bonds of the Authority may be sold at public or private sale in such manner and from time to time as may be determined by the board of directors of the Authority to be most advantageous, and the Authority may pay all costs, premiums, and commissions that its board of directors may deem necessary or advantageous in connection with the issuance thereof. Issuance by the Authority of one or more series of bonds for one or more purposes shall not preclude it from issuing other bonds in connection with the same facility or any other facility, but the proceedings whereunder any subsequent bonds may be issued shall recognize and protect any prior pledge or mortgage made for any prior issue of bonds. Any bonds of the Authority at any time outstanding may from time to time be refunded by the Authority by the issuance of its refunding bonds in such amount as the board of directors may deem necessary, but not exceeding an amount sufficient to refund the principal of the bonds so to be refunded, together with any unpaid interest thereon and any costs, premiums, or commissions necessary to be paid in connection therewith. Any such refunding may be effected whether the bonds to be refunded shall have then matured or shall thereafter mature, either by sale of the refunding bonds and the application of the proceeds thereof to the payment of the bonds to be refunded thereby, or by the exchange of the refunding bonds for the bonds to be refunded thereby, with the consent of the holders of the bonds so to be refunded, and regardless of whether or not the bonds to be refunded were issued in connection with the same facilities or separate facilities, and regardless of whether or not the bonds proposed to be refunded shall be payable on the same date or on different dates or shall be due serially or otherwise.

All bonds shall be signed by the chairman or vice-chairman of the Authority or shall bear his facsimile signature, and the corporate seal of the Authority or a facsimile thereof shall be impressed or imprinted thereon and attested by the signature of the secretary (or the secretary-treasurer) or the assistant secretary (or assistant secretary-treasurer) of the Authority or shall bear his facsimile signature, and any coupons attached thereto shall bear the facsimile signature of said chairman. In case any officer whose signature or a facsimile of whose signature shall appear on any bonds or coupons shall cease to be an officer before delivery of such bonds, such signature, or such facsimile, shall nevertheless be valid and sufficient for all purposes the same as if he had remained in office until such delivery. When the signatures of both the chairman or the vice-chairman and the secretary (or the secretary-treasurer) or the assistant secretary (or the assistant secretary-treasurer) are facsimiles, the bonds must be authenticated by a corporate trustee or other authenticating agent approved by the Authority.

If the proceeds derived from a particular bond issue, due to error of estimates or otherwise, shall be less than the cost of the Authority facilities for which such bonds were issued, additional bonds may in like manner be issued to provide the amount of such deficit, and, unless otherwise provided in the proceedings authorizing the issuance of the bonds of such issue or in the trust indenture securing the same, shall be deemed to be of the same issue and shall be entitled to payment from the same fund without preference or priority of the bonds of the first issue. If the proceeds of the bonds of any issue shall exceed such cost, the surplus may be deposited to the credit of the sinking fund for such bonds or may be applied to the payment of the cost of any additions, improvements, or enlargements of the Authority facilities for which such bonds shall have been issued.

Prior to the preparation of definitive bonds, the Authority may, under like restrictions, issue interim receipts or temporary bonds with or without coupons, exchangeable for definitive bonds when such bonds shall have been executed and are available for delivery. The Authority may also provide for the replacement of any bonds that shall become mutilated or shall be destroyed or lost. Bonds may be issued under the provisions of this act without obtaining the consent of any department, division, commission, board, bureau, or agency of the Commonwealth, and without any other proceedings or the happening of any other conditions or things other than those proceedings, conditions, or things that are specifically required by this act; provided, however, that nothing contained in this act shall be construed as affecting the powers and duties now conferred by law upon the State Corporation Commission.

All bonds issued under the provisions of this act shall have and are hereby declared to have all the qualities and incidents of and shall be and are hereby made negotiable instruments under the Uniform Commercial Code of Virginia (§ 8.1A-101 et seq.), subject only to provisions respecting registration of the bonds.

In addition to all other powers granted to the Authority by this act, the Authority is authorized to provide for the issuance, from time to time, of notes or other obligations of the Authority for any of its authorized purposes. All of the provisions of this act that relate to bonds or revenue bonds shall apply to such notes or other obligations insofar as such provisions may be appropriate.

2005, c. 842 .
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-968.1 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle II / Chapter 9 / Article 5 / Section 15.2-968.1
(For contingent expiration date, see Acts 2023, c. 738, cl. 2) Use of violation monitoring systems to enforce traffic light signals and certain traffic control devices
Status: in_force

A. For purposes of this section:

"Owner" means the registered owner on record with the Department of Motor Vehicles.

"Traffic control device" has the same meaning as set forth in § 46.2-100 .

"Traffic control device violation monitoring system" means equipment that produces one or more photographs, microphotographs, video, or other recorded images of vehicles used or operated in violation of signs or markings placed in accordance with § 46.2-830 . Traffic control device violation monitoring systems shall not be used to enforce violations of traffic light signals or speed limits.

"Traffic light signal violation monitoring system" means a vehicle sensor installed to work in conjunction with a traffic light that automatically produces two or more photographs, two or more microphotographs, video, or other recorded images of each vehicle at the time it is used or operated in violation of § 46.2-833 , 46.2-835 , or 46.2-836 . For each such vehicle, at least one recorded image shall be of the vehicle before it has illegally entered the intersection, and at least one recorded image shall be of the same vehicle after it has illegally entered the intersection.

B. 1. The governing body of any county, city, or town may provide by ordinance for the establishment of a traffic signal enforcement program imposing monetary liability on the operator of a motor vehicle for failure to comply with traffic light signals in such locality in accordance with the provisions of this section. Each such locality may install and operate traffic light signal violation monitoring systems at no more than one intersection for every 10,000 residents within each county, city, or town at any one time, provided, however, that within planning District 8, each such locality may install and operate traffic light signal violation monitoring systems at no more than 10 intersections, or at no more than one intersection for every 10,000 residents within each county, city, or town, whichever is greater, at any one time.

2. In addition to the authority provided in subdivision 1, the governing body of any locality in Planning District 23 may provide by ordinance for the establishment of a traffic control device violation monitoring system imposing monetary liability on the operator of a motor vehicle for failure to comply with traffic control devices in such locality in accordance with the provisions of this section. Such governing body may install and operate a traffic control device violation monitoring system at any intersection deemed by the governing body to be negatively impacted by traffic due to the Hampton Roads Bridge-Tunnel Express Lanes Hampton Segment (4C) Project (HREL-P).

C. The operator of a vehicle shall be liable for a monetary penalty imposed pursuant to this section if such vehicle is found, (i) as evidenced by information obtained from a traffic light signal violation monitoring system, to have failed to comply with a traffic light signal within such locality or (ii) as evidenced by information obtained from a traffic control device violation monitoring system, to have failed to comply with a traffic control device within such locality. No operator shall be liable for a penalty pursuant to clause (i) and a penalty pursuant to clause (ii) arising out of the same act. No monetary penalty shall be imposed pursuant to this section for a first offense of failing to comply with a traffic control device, as evidenced by information obtained from a traffic control device violation monitoring system, and such operator shall be issued a written warning.

D. Proof of a violation of this section shall be evidenced by information obtained from a traffic light signal violation monitoring system or traffic control device violation monitoring system authorized pursuant to this section. A certificate, sworn to or affirmed by a law-enforcement officer employed by a locality authorized to impose penalties pursuant to this section, or a facsimile thereof, based upon inspection of photographs, microphotographs, videotape, or other recorded images produced by a traffic light signal violation monitoring system or traffic control device violation monitoring system, shall be prima facie evidence of the facts contained therein. Any photographs, microphotographs, videotape, or other recorded images evidencing such a violation shall be available for inspection in any proceeding to adjudicate the liability for such violation pursuant to an ordinance adopted pursuant to this section.

E. In the prosecution for a violation of any local ordinance adopted as provided in this section, prima facie evidence that the vehicle described in the summons issued pursuant to this section was operated in violation of such ordinance, together with proof that the defendant was at the time of such violation the owner, lessee, or renter of the vehicle, shall constitute in evidence a rebuttable presumption that such owner, lessee, or renter of the vehicle was the person who committed the violation. Such presumption shall be rebutted if the owner, lessee, or renter of the vehicle (i) files an affidavit by regular mail with the clerk of the general district court that he was not the operator of the vehicle at the time of the alleged violation or (ii) testifies in open court under oath that he was not the operator of the vehicle at the time of the alleged violation. Such presumption shall also be rebutted if a certified copy of a police report, showing that the vehicle had been reported to the police as stolen prior to the time of the alleged violation of this section, is presented, prior to the return date established on the summons issued pursuant to this section, to the court adjudicating the alleged violation.

F. Imposition of a penalty pursuant to this section shall not be deemed a conviction as an operator and shall not be made part of the operating record of the person upon whom such liability is imposed, nor shall it be used for insurance purposes in the provision of motor vehicle insurance coverage. No monetary penalty imposed under this section shall exceed $50, nor shall it include court costs. Any finding in a district court that an operator has violated an ordinance adopted as provided in this section shall be appealable to the circuit court in a civil proceeding.

G. A summons for a violation of this section may be executed pursuant to § 19.2-76.2 . Notwithstanding the provisions of § 19.2-76 , a summons for a violation of this section may be executed by mailing by first class mail a copy thereof to the owner, lessee, or renter of the vehicle. In the case of a vehicle owner, the copy shall be mailed to the address contained in the records of the Department of Motor Vehicles; in the case of a vehicle lessee or renter, the copy shall be mailed to the address contained in the records of the lessor or renter. Every such mailing shall include, in addition to the summons, a notice of (i) the summoned person's ability to rebut the presumption that he was the operator of the vehicle at the time of the alleged violation through the filing of an affidavit as provided in subsection E and (ii) instructions for filing such affidavit, including the address to which the affidavit is to be sent. If the summoned person fails to appear on the date of return set out in the summons mailed pursuant to this section, the summons shall be executed in the manner set out in § 19.2-76.3 . No proceedings for contempt or arrest of a person summoned by mailing shall be instituted for failure to appear on the return date of the summons. Any summons executed for a violation of this section shall provide to the person summoned at least 30 business days from the mailing of the summons to inspect information collected by a traffic light signal violation monitoring system or traffic control device violation monitoring system in connection with the violation.

H. Information collected by a traffic light signal violation monitoring system or traffic control device violation monitoring system installed and operated pursuant to subsection B shall be limited exclusively to that information that is necessary for the enforcement of traffic light or traffic control device violations. On behalf of a locality, a private entity that operates a traffic light signal violation monitoring system or traffic control device violation monitoring system may enter into an agreement with the Department of Motor Vehicles, in accordance with the provisions of subdivision B 21 of § 46.2-208 , to obtain vehicle owner information regarding the registered owners of vehicles that fail to comply with a traffic light signal or traffic control device. Information provided to the operator of a traffic light signal violation monitoring system or traffic control device violation monitoring system shall be protected in a database with security comparable to that of the Department of Motor Vehicles' system, and used only for enforcement against individuals who violate the provisions of this section. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, all photographs, microphotographs, electronic images, or other personal information collected by a traffic light signal violation monitoring system or traffic control device violation monitoring system shall be used exclusively for enforcing traffic light or traffic control device violations and shall not (i) be open to the public; (ii) be sold or used for sales, solicitation, or marketing purposes; (iii) be disclosed to any other entity except as may be necessary for the enforcement of a traffic light or traffic control device violation or to a vehicle owner or operator as part of a challenge to the violation; or (iv) be used in a court in a pending action or proceeding unless the action or proceeding relates to a violation of § 46.2-830 , 46.2-833 , 46.2-835 , or 46.2-836 or requested upon order from a court of competent jurisdiction. Information collected under this section pertaining to a specific violation shall be purged and not retained later than 60 days after the collection of any civil penalties. If a locality does not execute a summons for a violation of this section within 10 business days, all information collected pertaining to that suspected violation shall be purged within two business days. Any locality operating a traffic light signal violation monitoring system or traffic control device violation monitoring system shall annually certify compliance with this section and make all records pertaining to such system available for inspection and audit by the Commissioner of Highways or the Commissioner of the Department of Motor Vehicles or his designee. Any person who discloses personal information in violation of the provisions of this subsection shall be subject to a civil penalty of $1,000 per disclosure. Any unauthorized use or disclosure of such personal information shall be grounds for termination of the agreement between the Department of Motor Vehicles and the private entity.

I. A private entity may enter into an agreement with a locality to be compensated for providing the traffic light signal violation monitoring system or equipment or traffic control device violation monitoring system or equipment, and all related support services, to include consulting, operations and administration. However, only a law-enforcement officer employed by a locality may swear to or affirm the certificate required by subsection D. No locality shall enter into an agreement for compensation based on the number of violations or monetary penalties imposed.

J. When selecting potential intersections for a traffic light signal violation monitoring system, a locality shall consider factors such as (i) the accident rate for the intersection, (ii) the rate of red light violations occurring at the intersection (number of violations per number of vehicles), (iii) the difficulty experienced by law-enforcement officers in patrol cars or on foot in apprehending violators, and (iv) the ability of law-enforcement officers to apprehend violators safely within a reasonable distance from the violation. Localities may consider the risk to pedestrians as a factor, if applicable.

K. 1. Before the implementation of a traffic light signal violation monitoring system at an intersection, the locality shall complete an engineering safety analysis that addresses signal timing and other location-specific safety features. The length of the yellow phase shall be established based on the recommended methodology of the Institute of Transportation Engineers. No traffic light signal violation monitoring system shall be implemented or utilized for a traffic signal having a yellow signal phase length of less than three seconds. All traffic light signal violation monitoring systems shall provide a minimum 0.5-second grace period between the time the signal turns red and the time the first violation is recorded. If recommended by the engineering safety analysis, the locality shall make reasonable location-specific safety improvements, including signs and pavement markings.

2. Before the implementation of a traffic control device violation monitoring system at an intersection, the governing body of the implementing locality shall complete an engineering safety analysis that addresses the impact of the HREL-P on congestion, accident rates, and driver disregard for traffic control devices. If recommended by the engineering safety analysis, the locality shall make reasonable location-specific safety improvements, including signs and pavement markings.

L. Any locality that uses a traffic light signal violation monitoring system or traffic control device violation monitoring system shall evaluate the system on a monthly basis to ensure all cameras and traffic signals are functioning properly. Evaluation results shall be made available to the public.

M. Any locality that uses a traffic light signal violation monitoring system to enforce traffic light signals shall place conspicuous signs within 500 feet of the intersection approach at which a traffic light signal violation monitoring system is used. There shall be a rebuttable presumption that such signs were in place at the time of the commission of the traffic light signal violation.

N. Prior to or coincident with the implementation or expansion of a traffic light signal violation monitoring system or traffic control device violation monitoring system, a locality shall conduct a public awareness program, advising the public that the locality is implementing or expanding a traffic light signal violation monitoring system or traffic control device violation monitoring system.

O. Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, if a vehicle depicted in images recorded by a traffic light signal violation monitoring system or traffic control device violation monitoring system is owned, leased, or rented by a county, city, or town, then the county, city, or town may access and use the recorded images and associated information for employee disciplinary purposes.

2007, cc. 836 , 903 ; 2010, c. 175 ; 2012, cc. 805 , 836 ; 2014, c. 163 ; 2015, c. 714 ; 2023, c. 738 .
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-6016 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle IV / Chapter 60.1 / Section 15.2-6016
Southwest Regional Recreation Authority established
Status: in_force

There is hereby established a Southwest Regional Recreation Authority for the LENOWISCO and Cumberland Plateau Planning District Commissions for the purpose of establishing and maintaining a Southwest Regional Recreation Area.

2008, cc. 645 , 648 .
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-4805 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle IV / Chapter 48 / Article 1 / Section 15.2-4805
Powers and duties of commission
Status: in_force

The commission shall have the following powers and duties with respect to the district:

1. To construct, reconstruct, alter, improve, expand, provide financial assistance to (including making loans), and operate transportation facilities in the district for the use and benefit of the public in the district.

2. To acquire by gift, purchase, lease, in-kind contribution to construction costs, or otherwise any transportation facilities in the district and to sell, lease as lessor, transfer, or dispose of any part of any transportation facilities in such manner and upon such terms as the commission may determine to be in the best interests of the district. However, prior to disposing of any such property or interest therein, the commission shall conduct a public hearing with respect to such disposition. At the hearing, the residents and owners of property within the district shall have an opportunity to be heard. At least 10 days' notice of the time and place of such hearing shall be published in a newspaper of general circulation in the district, as prescribed by the commission. Such public hearing may be adjourned from time to time.

3. To negotiate and contract with any person, authority, transportation district, or state or federal agency or instrumentality with regard to any matter necessary and proper to provide any transportation facility, including the financing, acquisition, construction, reconstruction, alteration, improvement, or expansion of any transportation facility in the district.

4. To accept the allocations, contributions, or funds of, or to reimburse from, any available source, including any person, corporation, authority, transportation district, or state or federal agency or instrumentality, for either the whole or any part of the costs, expenses, and charges incident to the acquisition, construction, reconstruction, maintenance, alteration, improvement, expansion, and operation or maintenance of any transportation facilities in the district.

5. To enforce the collection of any delinquent rates, fees, costs, or other charges for the use of transportation facilities against any person, corporation, authority, or federal agency using the facilities. The charges made for the use of any such facility shall be collectible by distress, levy, garnishment, attachment, or as otherwise permitted by law.

6. To enter into a continuing service contract for a purpose authorized by this article and to make payments of the proceeds received from the special taxes levied pursuant to this article, together with any other revenues, for the payment of installments due under that service contract. The district may apply such payments annually during the term of that service contract, subject to the limitation imposed by § 15.2-4806 , but payments for any such service contract shall be conditioned upon the receipt of services pursuant to the contract. Such a contract may not obligate a county to make payments for services.

7. Upon the written request of the advisory board, to contract for the extension and use of any transportation facility into territory outside of the district on such terms and conditions as the commission may determine.

8. To employ and fix the compensation of personnel who may be deemed necessary for the construction, operation, or maintenance of any transportation facility.

9. To have prepared an annual audit of the district's financial obligations and revenues and, upon review of such audit, to request a tax rate adequate to provide tax revenues that, together with all other revenues, are required by the district to fulfill its annual obligations.

1997, c. 587 .
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-4901 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle IV / Chapter 49 / Section 15.2-4901
Purpose of chapter
Status: in_force

It is the intent of the legislature by the passage of this chapter to authorize the creation of industrial development authorities by the localities in the Commonwealth so that such authorities may acquire, own, lease, and dispose of properties and make loans to the end that such authorities may be able to promote industry and develop trade by inducing manufacturing, industrial, governmental, nonprofit, and commercial enterprises, and institutions of higher education to locate in or remain in the Commonwealth and further the use of its agricultural products and natural resources, and to vest such authorities with all powers that may be necessary to enable them to accomplish such purposes, which powers shall be exercised for the benefit of the inhabitants of the Commonwealth, either through the increase of their commerce, or through the promotion of their safety, health, welfare, convenience, or prosperity. Such authority shall not itself be authorized to operate any such manufacturing, industrial, nonprofit, or commercial enterprise, or any facility of an institution of higher education.

It is the further intent of the legislature and shall be the policy of the Commonwealth to grant to industrial development authorities the powers contained herein with respect to pollution control facilities to the end that such authorities may protect and promote the health of the inhabitants of the Commonwealth and the conservation, protection, and improvement of its natural resources by exercising such powers for the control or abatement of land, sewer, water, air, noise, and general environmental pollution derived from the operation of any industrial or medical facility and to vest such authorities with all powers that may be necessary to enable them to accomplish such purpose, which powers shall be exercised for the benefit of the inhabitants of the Commonwealth, either through the increase of their commerce, or through the promotion of their safety, health, welfare, convenience, or prosperity.

It is the further intent of the legislature and shall be the policy of the Commonwealth to grant to industrial development authorities the powers contained herein with respect to medical facilities and facilities for the residence or care of the aged to the end that such authorities may protect and promote the health and welfare of the inhabitants of the Commonwealth by assisting in the acquisition, construction, equipping, expansion, enlargement, and improvement of medical facilities and facilities for the residence or care of the aged in order to provide modern and efficient medical services to the inhabitants of the Commonwealth and care of the aged of the Commonwealth in accordance with their special needs and also by assisting in the refinancing of medical facilities and facilities for the residence or care of the aged owned and operated by organizations which are exempt from taxation pursuant to § 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954, as amended, in order to reduce the costs to residents of the Commonwealth of utilizing such facilities and to vest such authorities with all powers that may be necessary to enable them to accomplish such purposes, which powers shall be exercised for the benefit of the inhabitants of the Commonwealth and for the promotion of their health and welfare. It is not intended hereby that any such authority shall itself be authorized to operate any such medical facility or facility for the residence or care of the aged.

It is the further intent of the legislature and shall be the policy of the Commonwealth to grant to industrial development authorities the powers contained herein with respect to facilities for use by organizations (other than institutions organized and operated exclusively for religious purposes) which are described in § 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954, as amended, and which are exempt from federal income taxation pursuant to § 501(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954, as amended, to the end that such authorities may protect or promote the safety, health, welfare, convenience, and prosperity of the inhabitants of the Commonwealth by assisting in the acquisition, construction, equipping, expansion, enlargement, improvement, financing, and refinancing of such facilities of the aforesaid entities and organizations in order to provide operations, recreational, activity centers, and other facilities for the use of the inhabitants of the Commonwealth and to vest such authorities with all powers that may be necessary to enable them to accomplish such purposes, which powers shall be exercised for the benefit of the inhabitants of the Commonwealth and for the promotion of their safety, health, welfare, convenience, or prosperity. It is not intended hereby that any such authority shall itself be authorized to operate any such facility.

It is the further intent of the legislature and shall be the policy of the Commonwealth to grant to industrial development authorities the powers contained herein with respect to facilities for accredited nonprofit private institutions of higher education in the Commonwealth whose primary purpose is to provide collegiate or graduate education and not to provide religious training or theological education to the end that such authorities may protect and promote the health and welfare of the inhabitants of the Commonwealth by assisting in the acquisition, construction, equipping, expansion, enlargement, and improvement of facilities of aforesaid institutions in order to provide improved educational facilities for the use of the inhabitants of the Commonwealth and to vest such authorities with all powers that may be necessary to enable them to accomplish such purposes, which powers shall be exercised for the benefit of the inhabitants of the Commonwealth and for the promotion of their health, welfare, convenience, or prosperity. It is not intended hereby that any such authority shall itself be authorized to operate any such educational facility.

It is the further intent of the legislature and shall be the policy of the Commonwealth to grant industrial development authorities the powers contained herein with respect to facilities for a locality, the Commonwealth and its agencies, and governmental and nonprofit organizations and to vest such authorities with all powers that may be necessary to enable them to accomplish such purposes, which powers shall be exercised for the benefit of the inhabitants of the Commonwealth and for the promotion of their health, welfare, convenience, or prosperity.

It is further the intent of the legislature and shall be the policy of the Commonwealth to grant to industrial development authorities the powers contained herein with respect to facilities for museums and historical education, demonstration, and interpretation, together with any and all buildings, structures, or other facilities necessary or desirable in connection with the foregoing, for use by nonprofit organizations in order to promote tourism and economic development in the Commonwealth, to promote the knowledge of and appreciation by the citizens of the Commonwealth of the historical and cultural development and heritage of the Commonwealth and the United States and to promote thereby their health, welfare, convenience, and prosperity. It is not intended hereby that any such authority shall itself be authorized to operate any such facility.

It is the further intent of the legislature and shall be the policy of the Commonwealth to grant to industrial development authorities the powers contained herein with respect to facilities devoted to the staging of equine events and activities (other than racing) for use by governmental or nonprofit, nonreligious organizations and operated by such governmental or nonprofit, nonreligious organizations in order to promote the equine industry and equine-related activities (other than racing) which are integral to the Commonwealth's economy and heritage and to promote thereby the safety, health, welfare, convenience, and prosperity of the inhabitants of the Commonwealth.

It is the further intent of the legislature and shall be the policy of the Commonwealth to grant to industrial development authorities the powers contained herein with respect to acquiring, developing, owning, and operating an industrial park and any utilities that are intended primarily to serve the park and to issue bonds for such purposes. The bonds may be secured by revenues generated by the industrial park or the utilities being financed or by any other funds of the authority.

It is the further intent of the legislature and shall be the policy of the Commonwealth to grant to industrial development authorities, in addition to the powers previously or hereafter granted in this chapter, the powers contained herein with respect to facilities used primarily for single or multi-family residences in order to promote safe and affordable housing in the Commonwealth and to benefit thereby the safety, health, welfare, and prosperity of the inhabitants of the Commonwealth. It is not intended hereby that any such authority shall itself be authorized to operate any such facility or exercise any powers of eminent domain set forth in § 36-27 .

It is the further intent of the legislature and shall be the policy of the Commonwealth to grant to industrial development authorities, in addition to the powers previously or hereafter granted herein, the power to issue bonds, make grants, or any combination thereof, associated with the construction of affordable housing in order to promote safe and affordable housing in the Commonwealth and to benefit thereby the safety, health, welfare, and prosperity of the inhabitants of the Commonwealth.

It is the further intent of the legislature and shall be the policy of the Commonwealth to grant industrial development authorities the powers contained herein with respect to public school buildings and facilities to promote the safety, health, welfare, convenience, and prosperity of the school children of the Commonwealth by assisting in the acquisition, construction, equipping, expansion, enlargement, improvement, financing, and refinancing of such facilities of school boards in order to provide for the modernization of public school buildings or facilities pursuant to Article 3 (§ 22.1-141.1 et seq.) of Chapter 9 of Title 22.1.

It is the further intent of the legislature and shall be the policy of the Commonwealth to grant to industrial development authorities the powers contained herein with respect to facilitating and supporting landowner access to carbon markets through aggregation of landowners to reach a size that attracts the investment of private capital. Such aggregation provides landowners of various size tracts of land enhanced opportunities to access capital and benefits that support and enhance the agriculture and forest industries for the health, welfare, convenience and prosperity of the inhabitants of the Commonwealth.

In any instance in this chapter where an industrial development authority may issue bonds through its authority to finance, the authority may also refinance such bonds.

This chapter shall be liberally construed in conformity with these intentions.

1966, c. 651, § 15.1-1375; 1972, c. 783; 1975, c. 489; 1977, c. 619; 1978, cc. 276, 526; 1984, c. 700; 1985, c. 317, § 15.1-1392; 1986, c. 473; 1988, c. 211; 1990, c. 312; 1991, c. 6; 1997, cc. 587 , 758 , 763 ; 2002, cc. 680 , 725 ; 2005, c. 928 ; 2012, c. 498 ; 2019, cc. 546 , 818 , 819 ; 2022, c. 489 ; 2026, c. 221 .
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-2413.20 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle II / Chapter 24 / Article 4 / Section 15.2-2413.20
Expenses of the business improvement and recruitment district
Status: in_force

A. A locality may appropriate funds to pay expenses associated with the business improvement and recruitment district.

B. A locality may issue bonds and other obligations subject to the provisions of the Public Finance Act of 1991 (§ 15.2-2600 et seq.) for the purpose of funding the costs of the business improvement and recruitment district plan. Principal and interest payments on such bonds may be paid from the proceeds of any fees imposed under this article.

C. No funds raised pursuant to this article shall be used by the locality for any purposes other than funding the expenses of the business improvement and recruitment district.

2023, c. 745 .
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-3705 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle III / Chapter 37 / Section 15.2-3705
Results of election
Status: in_force

The ballots shall be counted and returns made and canvassed as in other elections and the results certified by the secretary of the electoral board to the judge of the circuit court. If the report of the secretary of the electoral board shows that a majority of the qualified voters of the town voting on the question submitted are in favor of the annulment, the judge shall enter such fact of record and shall notify the Secretary of the Commonwealth, and the annulment shall be effective on January 1 of the year following the year in which the order entering such fact of record is issued or, in the discretion of the court, on the second January 1 following the year in which issued. However, the court, upon joint petition of the governing bodies of the town and county or counties in which the town is located, may order the annulment effective on any other date or dates.

1992, c. 453, § 15.1-965.34; 1997, c. 587.
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-6005 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle IV / Chapter 60 / Section 15.2-6005
General powers of Authority; regulations; enforcement of statutes, rules, etc
Status: in_force

In order to enable it to carry out the purposes of this chapter, the Authority acting through its Board:

1. Is vested with the powers of a body corporate, including the power to sue and be sued, to plead and be impleaded, to make contracts, and to adopt and use a common seal and to alter the same as may be deemed expedient;

2. May retain legal counsel to represent the Authority in hearings, controversies, or matters involving the interests of the Authority and the furtherance of its purpose; and

3. Is vested with power to adopt, alter or repeal its own bylaws, regulations governing the manner in which its business may be transacted and in which the power granted to it may be enjoyed, and may provide for the appointment of such committees, and the functions thereof, as the Authority may deem necessary to facilitate its business. Such committees shall consist of such number of persons as the Authority shall deem advisable. Members of committees shall receive no compensation for their services, but may be reimbursed their necessary traveling and other expenses incurred while on business of the Authority. The Authority may set flat fees for expenses for a member's attendance at all meetings of the Authority or at its other functions. Such fees shall not exceed $100 per day.

1988, c. 833, § 15.1-1640; 1990, c. 341; 1997, c. 587.
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-3102 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle III / Chapter 31 / Article 1 / Section 15.2-3102
Report of commissioners
Status: in_force

The commissioners shall return such plats to the respective courts by which they were appointed, together with their report of the performance of their duties in ascertaining and establishing the line, which report shall fully describe the line. If the report meets the requirements of this article and is unanimous, the courts shall approve the report. The courts shall direct that the approved report, together with the plat, be recorded in the deed books of their respective clerks' offices and indexed in the name of each locality. The courts shall certify a copy of the report to the Secretary of the Commonwealth. In all controversies thereafter concerning the location of the line, the reports and plats shall be taken as conclusive evidence of its location.

Code 1950, § 15-40; 1954, c. 536; 1962, c. 623, § 15.1-1028; 1970, c. 751; 1978, c. 642; 1997, c. 587.
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-1414.1 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle II / Chapter 14 / Article 1.1 / Section 15.2-1414.1
Each member to be paid annual salary
Status: in_force

Each member of the board of supervisors of each county shall be allowed and paid out of the county levy an annual salary, to be fixed as herein provided, for his services in attending the meetings of the board and in discharging the duties imposed by law upon him.

Code 1950, § 14-55; 1964, c. 386, § 14.1-45; 1998, c. 872 .
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-1536 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle II / Chapter 15 / Article 7 / Section 15.2-1536
Required and discretionary officers
Status: in_force

Every locality shall appoint or designate a clerk for the governing body and in its discretion, a chief administrative officer and an attorney.

1997, c. 587.
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-6410 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle IV / Chapter 64 / Section 15.2-6410
Investments in bonds
Status: in_force

Any financial institution, investment company, insurance company or association, and any personal representative, guardian, trustee, or other fiduciary, may legally invest any moneys belonging to them or within their control in any bonds issued by an authority.

1997, cc. 276 , 587, § 15.1-1720.
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-4807 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle IV / Chapter 48 / Article 1 / Section 15.2-4807
Allocation of funds to district
Status: in_force

The board of supervisors of any county that has created a district pursuant to this article may advance funds, or provide matching funds, from moneys not otherwise specifically allocated or obligated, from whatever source received or generated, including without limitation, general revenues, special fees and assessments, state allocations, and contributions from private sources, to a district to assist the district to undertake the project or projects for which it was created. The Commonwealth Transportation Board may allocate funds to a district only from the construction district or districts in which such transportation district is located pursuant to the highway allocation formula to assist the district with an approved project as provided by law.

1997, c. 587 .
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-2425 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle II / Chapter 24.2 / Section 15.2-2425
Prioritization of loans
Status: in_force

In approving loans, the Authority shall give preference to loans for projects that will (i) utilize private industry in the operation and maintenance of such projects where a material savings in cost can be shown over public operation and maintenance, (ii) serve two or more local governments to encourage regional cooperation, or (iii) provide broadband services in areas with a demonstrated need that, in the opinion of the Secretary of Administration and the Secretary of Commerce and Trade, are currently unserved by broadband providers.

2009, c. 131 ; 2020, c. 738 .
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-4002 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle III / Chapter 40 / Section 15.2-4002
Report from Commission to be certified to circuit court; appointment of special court
Status: in_force

When the governing body of any city receives a report compiled pursuant to § 15.2-4001 from the Commission on Local Government concluding that the city does not meet the requirements for city status under Article VII, Section 1 of the Constitution of Virginia, it shall petition the circuit court for the city for a determination of city status. All adjoining counties shall be given notice of the petition.

The circuit court with which the petition is filed shall notify the Supreme Court, which shall appoint a special court to hear the case as prescribed by Chapter 30 (§ 15.2-3000 et seq.) of this title.

1971, Ex. Sess., c. 140, § 15.1-965.3; 1997, c. 587.
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-2157 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle II / Chapter 21 / Article 7 / Section 15.2-2157
Onsite sewage systems when sewers not available; civil penalties
Status: in_force

A. Any locality may require the installation, maintenance and operation of, regulate and inspect onsite sewage systems or other means of disposing of sewage when sewers or sewerage disposal facilities are not available; without liability to the owner thereof, may prevent the maintenance and operation of onsite sewage systems or such other means of disposing of sewage when they contribute or are likely to contribute to the pollution of public or private water supplies or the contraction or spread of infectious, contagious and dangerous diseases; and may regulate and inspect the disposal of human excreta.

B. Any locality that (i) has a record of the location of alternative and conventional onsite sewage systems and alternative discharging systems; (ii) has notified owners of their maintenance responsibility for such systems; and (iii) has a method to identify property transfer may adopt an ordinance establishing a uniform schedule of civil penalties for violations of specified provisions for the operation and maintenance of alternative and conventional onsite sewage systems and alternative discharging systems, as defined in § 32.1-163 , that are not abated or remedied within 30 days after receipt of notice of violation from the local health director or his designee. No civil action authorized under this section shall proceed while a criminal action is pending and no criminal action shall proceed if the violation has been abated or remedied through civil enforcement.

This schedule of civil penalties shall be uniform for each type of specified violation, and the penalty for any one violation shall be a civil penalty of not more than $100 for the initial summons and not more than $150 for each additional summons. Each day during which the violation is found to have existed shall constitute a separate offense. However, specified violations arising from the same operative set of facts shall not be charged more frequently than once in any 10-day period, and a series of specified violations arising from the same operative set of facts shall not result in civil penalties exceeding a total of $3,000. If the violation is not abated after the imposition of the maximum fine, the locality may pursue other remedies as provided by law. Designation of a particular ordinance violation for a civil penalty pursuant to this section shall be in lieu of criminal penalties, except for any violation that contributes to or is likely to contribute to the pollution of public or private water supplies or the contraction or spread of infectious, contagious, and dangerous diseases.

The local health director or his designee may issue a civil summons ticket as provided by law for a scheduled violation. Any person summoned or issued a ticket for a scheduled violation may make an appearance in person or in writing by mail to the department of finance or the treasurer of the locality prior to the date fixed for trial in court. Any person so appearing may enter a waiver of trial, admit liability, and pay the civil penalty established for the offense charged.

If a person charged with a scheduled violation does not elect to enter a waiver of trial and admit liability, the violation shall be tried in the general district court in the same manner and with the same right of appeal as provided for by law. In any trial for a scheduled violation, the locality shall have the burden of proving by a preponderance of the evidence the liability of the alleged violator. An admission of liability or finding of liability under this section shall not be deemed an admission at a criminal proceeding.

This section shall be not interpreted to allow the imposition of civil penalties for activities related to land development.

C. When sewers or sewerage disposal facilities are not available, a locality shall not prohibit the use of alternative onsite sewage systems that have been approved by the Virginia Department of Health for use in the particular circumstances and conditions in which the proposed system is to be operating.

D. A locality shall not require maintenance standards and requirements for alternative onsite sewage systems that exceed those allowed under or established by the State Board of Health pursuant to § 32.1-164 .

E. The State Health Commissioner shall require, as a precondition to the issuance of an alternative onsite sewage system permit pursuant to § 32.1-164 to serve a residential structure, that the property owner record an instrument identifying by reference the applicable maintenance regulations for each component of the system in the land records of the clerk of the circuit court in the jurisdiction where all or part of the site or proposed site of the onsite sewage system is to be located, which shall be transferred with the title to the property upon the sale or transfer of the land that is the subject of the permit.

Code 1950, § 15-77.20; 1958, c. 328; 1962, c. 623, § 15.1-856; 1997, c. 587 ; 2005, c. 814 ; 2007, c. 924 ; 2009, cc. 786 , 846 ; 2016, c. 721 .
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-2021 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle II / Chapter 20 / Article 5 / Section 15.2-2021
Ramps on curbs of certain streets; specifications
Status: in_force

Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection A of § 15.2-2000 , every locality requiring curbs along its streets that incorporate accessible routes for pedestrian use, such as existing or proposed sidewalks, shall require that curb ramps be constructed at intersections for use by persons with mobility impairments. The ramps shall comply with the Virginia Department of Transportation's Road and Bridge Standards. Local option, variance, or waiver of these standards is prohibited.

1974, c. 169, § 15.1-381; 1975, c. 74; 1976, c. 477; 1990, c. 186; 1993, c. 258; 1997, c. 587; 1999, cc. 409 , 417 .
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-740 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle I / Chapter 7 / Article 2 / Section 15.2-740
Authority to impose assessments for local improvements; purposes
Status: in_force

The board may impose taxes or assessments upon owners of abutting property for making, improving, replacing, or enlarging the walkways upon then existing streets; for improving and paving then existing alleys; and for either the construction or the use of sanitary or storm water sewers including retaining walls, curbs, and gutters. However, such taxes or assessments shall not exceed the peculiar benefits resulting from the improvements to the owners of abutting property and no assessment for retaining walls shall be imposed upon any property owner who does not agree to such assessment.

In addition to the foregoing, the board may impose taxes or assessments upon owners of abutting property for the construction, replacement, or enlargement of sidewalks, waterlines, sanitary sewers, or storm water sewers; for the installation of street lights; for the construction or installation of canopies or other weather protective devices; for the installation of lighting in connection with the foregoing; and for permanent amenities, including, but not limited to, benches or waste receptacles, provided that such taxes or assessments shall not exceed the peculiar benefits resulting from the improvements to such owners of abutting property.

All assessments pursuant to this section shall be subject to the laws pertaining to assessments under Title 15.2, Chapter 24, Article 2 (§ 15.2-2404 et seq.), mutatis mutandis. All assessments pursuant to this section may also be made subject to installment payments and other provisions allowed for local assessments under this article.

As used in this section, "owners of abutting property" includes the owners of property that abuts a state highway when the improvement is funded solely by county revenues.

1990, c. 323, § 15.1-687.18; 1997, c. 587.
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-5213 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle IV / Chapter 52 / Section 15.2-5213
Receiver
Status: in_force

The commission may, by its trust indenture given to secure bond issues or other obligations, provide for the appointment of a receiver of the hospital or health center or that part thereof acquired or constructed from funds received from a sale of bonds secured by the pledge of its revenues. If a receiver is appointed, he may enter, take possession of, operate and maintain such hospital or health center or part thereof; collect and receive all fees, rents, revenues or other charges arising therefrom in the same manner as the commission might do; keep such moneys in a separate account or accounts; and apply the moneys in accordance with the obligations of the commission as the court directs.

Code 1950, § 32-287; 1979, c. 719, § 15.1-1527; 1997, c. 587.
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-6023.1 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle IV / Chapter 60.1 / Section 15.2-6023.1
Additional civil penalties
Status: in_force

Any locality within the Southwest Regional Recreation Area may, by ordinance, allocate to the Authority a specified portion of civil penalties paid for violations of ordinances.

2010, c. 798 .
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-968.01 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle II / Chapter 9 / Article 5 / Section 15.2-968.01
Parking in certain residential areas
Status: in_force

Notwithstanding any other provision of general law, localities may by ordinance permit the parking of vehicles within residential areas in a public right-of-way that constitutes a part of the state highway system so long as the vehicle does not obstruct the right-of-way.

2015, c. 233 .
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-6304.1 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle IV / Chapter 63 / Section 15.2-6304.1
Repealed
Status: repealed

Repealed by Acts 2010, cc. 338 and 460 , cl. 3.
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-2501 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle II / Chapter 25 / Section 15.2-2501
Establishment of funds for accounting and budgeting; separate depository and investment accounts not required
Status: in_force

Every locality and school division shall establish such funds as may be required by law and as may otherwise be deemed necessary to provide appropriate accounting and budgetary control over the activities and affairs of the locality or school division. This section shall not be construed to require separate depository or investment accounts for the assets of each fund.

1997, c. 587.
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-6707 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle IV / Chapter 67.1 / Section 15.2-6707
Executive director; staff
Status: in_force

The Authority shall appoint an executive director, who shall be authorized to employ such staff as necessary to enable the Authority to perform its duties as set forth in this chapter. The Authority is authorized to determine the duties of such staff and to fix salaries and compensation from such funds as may be received or appropriated.

2017, c. 834 .
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-1224 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle II / Chapter 12 / Article 1 / Section 15.2-1224
Authority to equip and maintain television transmission and relay facilities
Status: in_force

A. Any county may equip and maintain television transmission and relay facilities in areas which are so remote from regular transmission points of large television stations that television reception is impossible without special equipment and in which adequate, economical and proper television is not available by private sources, if a majority of the voters voting in a referendum held pursuant to subsection B vote in favor thereof.

B. If on or before the fifteenth day of July in any year a petition signed by two hundred or more qualified voters of a county is filed with the circuit court of such county asking that a referendum be held on the question set forth in this subsection, then such court shall, on or before the fifteenth day of August of such year, issue an order requiring the county election officials to open the polls at the regular election to be held in November of each year on the following question:

Shall the governing body be authorized to equip and maintain television transmission and relay facilities?

[ ] Yes

[ ] No

The election shall conform in all respects with the requirements of general law.

1970, c. 139, § 15.1-526.1; 1975, c. 517; 1997, c. 587.
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-1419 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle II / Chapter 14 / Article 2 / Section 15.2-1419
Meeting times of certain authorities, boards and commissions
Status: in_force

Notwithstanding any contrary provision of law, general or special, the governing body of any locality may establish the regular meeting times (day and hour) of its authorities, boards and commissions so as to prevent conflict with other meetings.

1995, cc. 198 , 240 , § 15.1-37.3:14; 1997, c. 587.
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-4816 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle IV / Chapter 48.1 / Section 15.2-4816
Repealed
Status: repealed

Repealed by Acts 2002, c. 846 .
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-527 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle I / Chapter 5 / Article 3 / Section 15.2-527
Department of social services
Status: in_force

The local director of social services shall be head of the department of social services, and shall be chosen from a list of eligibles furnished by the Commissioner of Social Services. He shall have charge of poor relief and charitable institutions; may, at the discretion of the board, have charge of parks and playgrounds; shall exercise the powers conferred and perform the duties imposed by general law upon the local board of social services, not inconsistent herewith; and shall perform such other duties the board imposes upon him.

A local board of social services shall be appointed pursuant to the provisions of § 63.2-303 .

Code 1950, § 15-290; 1952, c. 436; 1960, c. 513; 1962, c. 623, § 15.1-607; 1964, c. 497; 1997, c. 587; 2002, c. 747 .
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-2825 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle II / Chapter 28.2 / Article 2 / Section 15.2-2825
Smoking in restaurants prohibited; exceptions; posting of signs; penalty for violation
Status: in_force

A. Effective December 1, 2009, smoking shall be prohibited and no person shall smoke in any restaurant in the Commonwealth or in any restroom within such restaurant, except that smoking may be permitted in:

1. Any place or operation that prepares or stores food for distribution to persons of the same business operation or of a related business operation for service to the public. Examples of such places or operations include the preparation or storage of food for catering services, pushcart operations, hotdog stands, and other mobile points of service;

2. Any outdoor area of a restaurant, with or without roof covering, at such times when such outdoor area is not enclosed in whole or in part by any screened walls, roll-up doors, windows or other seasonal or temporary enclosures;

3. Any restaurants located on the premises of any manufacturer of tobacco products;

4. Any portion of a restaurant that is used exclusively for private functions, provided such functions are limited to those portions of the restaurant that meet the requirements of subdivision 5;

5. Any portion of a restaurant that is constructed in such a manner that the area where smoking may be permitted is (i) structurally separated from the portion of the restaurant in which smoking is prohibited and to which ingress and egress is through a door and (ii) separately vented to prevent the recirculation of air from such area to the area of the restaurant where smoking is prohibited. At least one public entrance to the restaurant shall be into an area of the restaurant where smoking is prohibited. For the purposes of the preceding sentence, nothing shall be construed to require the creation of an additional public entrance in cases where the only public entrance to a restaurant in existence as of December 1, 2009, is through an outdoor area described in subdivision 2;

6. Any private club; and

7. Any portion of a facility licensed to conduct casino gaming pursuant to Chapter 41 (§ 58.1-4100 et seq.) of Title 58.1 designated pursuant to the provisions of and that meets the requirements of § 15.2-2827 . Any restaurant within a facility licensed to conduct casino gaming shall comply with the provisions of this section.

B. For the purposes of this section:

"Proprietor" means the owner, lessee or other person who ultimately controls the activities within the restaurant. The term "proprietor" includes corporations, associations, or partnerships as well as individuals.

"Structurally separated" means a stud wall covered with drywall or other building material or other like barrier, which, when completed, extends from the floor to the ceiling, resulting in a physically separated room. Such wall or barrier may include portions that are glass or other gas-impervious building material.

C. No individual who is wait staff or bus staff in a restaurant shall be required by the proprietor to work in any area of the restaurant where smoking may be permitted without the consent of such individual. Nothing in this subsection shall be interpreted to create a cause of action against such proprietor.

D. The proprietor of any restaurant shall:

1. Post signs stating "No Smoking" or containing the international "No Smoking" symbol, consisting of a pictorial representation of a burning cigarette enclosed in a red circle with a bar across it, clearly and conspicuously in every restaurant where smoking is prohibited in accordance with this section; and

2. Remove all ashtrays and other smoking paraphernalia from any area in the restaurant where smoking is prohibited in accordance with this section.

E. Any proprietor of a restaurant who fails to comply with the requirements of this section shall be subject to the civil penalty of not more than $25.

F. No person shall smoke in any area of a restaurant in which smoking is prohibited as provided in this section. Any person who continues to smoke in such area after having been asked to refrain from smoking shall be subject to a civil penalty of not more than $25.

G. It shall be an affirmative defense to a complaint brought against a proprietor for a violation of this section that the proprietor or an employee of such proprietor:

1. Posted a "No Smoking" sign as required;

2. Removed all ashtrays and other smoking paraphernalia from all areas where smoking is prohibited;

3. Refused to seat or serve any individual who was smoking in a prohibited area; and

4. If the individual continued to smoke after an initial warning, asked the individual to leave the establishment.

H. Civil penalties assessed under this section shall be paid into the Virginia Health Care Fund established under § 32.1-366 .

I. Any local health department or its designee shall, while inspecting a restaurant as otherwise required by law, inspect for compliance with this section.

2009, cc. 153 , 154 ; 2020, cc. 1197 , 1248 .
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-1805 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle II / Chapter 18 / Article 1 / Section 15.2-1805
Permitting individuals with visual impairments to operate stands for sale of newspapers, etc
Status: in_force

A locality, by ordinance or resolution, may authorize any individual with a visual impairment to construct, maintain and operate, under the supervision of the Virginia Department for the Blind and Vision Impaired, in the county or city courthouse or in any other property of the locality, a stand for the sale of newspapers, periodicals, confections, tobacco products and similar articles and may prescribe rules for the operation of such stand.

Code 1950, § 15-712; 1954, c. 71; 1962, c. 623, § 15.1-289; 1997, c. 587 ; 2023, cc. 148 , 149 .
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-2108.22 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle II / Chapter 21 / Article 1.2 / Section 15.2-2108.22
Regulation of fees, rates and services; penalties
Status: in_force

Upon receiving a notice requesting an ordinance cable franchise pursuant to § 15.2-2108.21 , a locality shall adopt or maintain one or more ordinances that govern a cable operator who provides cable service under an ordinance cable franchise. The requirements of any specific provision in any such ordinance shall not exceed the requirements imposed in the same provision, if any, in any existing cable franchise within the locality. Such ordinance or ordinances, which shall be adopted after a public hearing, shall:

1. Require a cable operator to provide the locality with access to a number of public, educational, and governmental access channels, equal to the lowest number of such channels provided by any other cable operator in the same franchise area of the locality. If the existing cable operator provides less than three such public, educational, and governmental access channels pursuant to a franchise agreement, the locality may require each cable operator to provide up to three such channels. Any additional channels provided subject to this provision shall be subject to the reclamation formula set forth below. In addition, a locality may, by ordinance adopted after a public hearing, require a cable operator to interconnect with any other cable operator to ensure the carriage of required public, educational, and governmental access channels; if the new cable operator and all existing cable operators cannot agree to an interconnection agreement within 180 days of a request to interconnect by the new cable operator, then the locality is authorized to determine an interconnection point. The locality or its designee shall assume responsibility for management, operation, and programming of such channels. A locality that substantially utilizes its existing public, educational, and governmental access channels may require a reasonable number of additional public, educational, and governmental access channels by the enactment of an ordinance, after a public hearing, so long as (i) the ordinance applies equally to all providers of cable service within a franchise area, (ii) the total number of additional public, educational, and governmental access channels does not exceed three channels in the basic service tier, and (iii) the total number of public, educational, and governmental access channels shall not exceed seven channels in the aggregate. Notwithstanding the foregoing, but consistent with federal law, the locality and a cable operator may enter into written agreements for the carriage of additional public, educational, and governmental access channels, including other arrangements for the carriage of such programming. Any additional public, educational, and governmental access channel provided pursuant to this article that is not utilized by the locality for at least eight hours a day shall no longer be made available to the locality, but may be programmed at the cable operator's discretion. At such time as the locality can certify to the cable operator a schedule for at least eight hours of daily programming for a period of three months, the cable operator shall restore the previously re-allocated channel. For purposes of this subdivision, a public, educational, and governmental access channel shall be considered to be substantially utilized when 12 hours are programmed on that channel each calendar day; in addition, at least 33% of the 12 hours of programming for each business day on average over each calendar quarter must be nonrepeat programming. For purposes of this subdivision, nonrepeat programming shall include the first three videocastings of a program and shall include programming on other public, educational, and governmental access channels in that locality. Programming for purposes of determining substantial utilization shall not include an alphanumeric scroll, except that for purposes of requiring one or more additional public, educational, and governmental access channels, an alphanumeric scroll shall be included as programming on not more than one channel;

2. Require a cable operator to pay a franchise fee, remitted on the same schedule as the least frequent schedule of an existing cable operator, but no more frequently than quarterly, calculated by multiplying a franchise fee percentage rate by the cable operator's gross revenues in such franchise area for the remittance period; however, the franchise fee rate shall (i) not exceed 5% of such gross revenues and (ii) not exceed the lowest franchise fee rate paid or provided by an existing cable operator in the locality. The locality may further require that the cable operator make the franchise fee payments to the locality no later than 45 days following the end of the remittance period and require that the franchise fee payment be submitted with a brief report prepared by a duly authorized representative of the cable operator showing the basis for the computation. The locality shall have the right to reasonably require further supporting information that does not exceed the information required to be provided by existing cable operators in the locality;

3. Require a cable operator to pay a recurring fee, hereafter referred to as the PEG Capital Fee, to support the capital costs of public, educational, and governmental channel facilities, including institutional networks, provided that the PEG Capital Fee is equal to the lowest recurring fee imposed on a per subscriber or a percentage of gross revenue basis and paid by any existing cable operator in the locality to support the capital costs of such facilities. The PEG Capital Fee shall only be imposed on a per subscriber or a percentage of gross revenue basis. If the existing cable operator has paid a lump sum capital grant at award or renewal of its current franchise, or is providing in-kind equipment in lieu of such a capital grant, to support public, educational, and governmental channel facilities, including institutional networks, the locality, by ordinance adopted after a public hearing, shall also impose an additional monthly recurring fee to be known as the PEG Capital Grant Surcharge Fee on the new cable operator equal to the lower of (i) 1.5% of the new cable operator's gross revenues derived from the operation of its cable system in that locality or (ii) the lowest amount of capital contribution paid or provided in-kind, as shown on the books of the cable operator, by an existing cable operator in the locality (a) when such capital contribution is amortized over the term of the existing cable operator's franchise and (b) divided by the number of subscribers or annual gross revenue of the existing cable operator as shown on its most recent report to the locality, depending on recovery methodology chosen by the locality. Both the PEG Capital Fee and the PEG Capital Grant Surcharge Fee may only be collected by the locality for the remainder of the shortest remaining franchise term of any existing cable operator in the locality; however, at the end of such term the locality may negotiate with all cable operators to set a new, recurring fee to support the reasonable and necessary capital costs of public, educational, and governmental channel facilities, including institutional networks, that shall be imposed on all cable operators such that the fee applies equally to all of the customers of all cable operators in the locality. At the end of such term, no cable operator shall be required to provide any further in-kind public, educational, and governmental access channels, including institutional network, support. If the cable operators and the locality cannot agree on such a recurring capital cost fee, the locality, by ordinance adopted after a public hearing, may impose a recurring fee, calculated on a per subscriber or percentage of gross revenue basis, to support the reasonable and necessary capital costs of public, educational, and governmental channel facilities, including institutional networks; however, such fee may not exceed the PEG Capital Fee previously imposed on cable operators by the locality. Any and all fees permitted under this subdivision shall be paid by the cable operator to the locality on the same schedule as franchise fees are paid. Nothing in this subdivision shall be construed to permit a locality to require cable operators to pay capital grants at the time of the grant or renewal of a franchise or otherwise except for the PEG Capital Grant Surcharge Fee specifically provided in this subdivision;

4. Require a cable operator to comply with the customer service requirements imposed by the locality pursuant to 47 U.S.C. § 552(a) (1) and this article through the adoption of an ordinance after a public hearing. Any customer service requirements imposed by the locality that exceed the requirements established by the Federal Communications Commission under 47 U.S.C. § 552(b) shall (i) not be designed so that the cable operator cannot also comply with any other customer service requirements under state or federal law or regulation applicable to the cable operator in its provision of other services over the same network used to provide cable service, (ii) be no more stringent than the customer service requirements applied to other cable operators in the franchise area, and (iii) be reasonably tailored to achieve appropriate customer service goals based on the technology used by the cable operator to provide cable service;

5. Adopt procedures by which it will enforce the provisions of this article and the applicable mandatory requirements of 47 U.S.C. §§ 521-573 and the regulations promulgated thereunder. Such procedures shall require the locality to: (i) informally discuss the matter with the cable operator in the event that the locality believes that a cable operator has not complied with this article or the applicable mandatory requirements of 47 U.S.C. §§ 521-573 and (ii) notify the cable operator in writing of the exact nature of the alleged noncompliance if the discussions described in the foregoing clause (i) do not lead to resolution of the alleged noncompliance. The cable operator shall have 15 days from receipt of this written notice to: (a) respond to the locality, if the cable operator contests, in whole or in part, the assertion of noncompliance; (b) cure such default; or (c) in the event that, by the nature of default, such default cannot be cured within the 15-day period, initiate reasonable steps to remedy such default and notify the locality of the steps being taken and the projected date that they will be completed. The locality shall schedule a public hearing in the event that the cable operator fails to respond to the written notice pursuant to these procedures or in the event that the alleged default is not remedied within 30 days of the date projected above if the locality intends to continue its investigation into the default. The locality shall provide the cable operator at least 30 business days prior written notice of such hearing, which will specify the time, place, and purpose of such hearing, and provide the cable operator the opportunity to be heard;

6. Adopt a schedule of uniform penalties or liquidated damages that it may impose upon any cable operator with an ordinance cable franchise when the locality determines that the cable operator has failed to materially comply with (i) customer service standards; (ii) carriage of public, educational, and governmental channels; (iii) reporting requirements; or (iv) timely and full payment of the franchise fee or the fee assessed for the provision of public, educational, or governmental access channels, including institutional networks. Any penalty or liquidated damage for any of the foregoing violations shall be the same penalty or liquidated damage already established for a cable operator in the same franchise area, if any. In addition, a locality shall not impose any penalty or liquidated damage adopted pursuant to this subdivision until the cable operator has been afforded a reasonable cure period between the time the cable operator is notified of the violation and the penalty or liquidated damage is imposed. A separate violation for purposes of this article and the ordinances passed to implement this article as it pertains to customer service standards shall be deemed to occur whenever the locality reasonably determines that a separate customer service standard violation has occurred on one day; however, the cable operator shall not be charged with multiple violations for a single act or event affecting one or more subscribers on the same day. The locality may charge interest at the legal rate as set forth in § 6.2-301 for any amounts due the locality by the cable operator in clause (iv) of this subdivision that remain unpaid and undisputed;

7. Adopt procedures under which the locality may inspect and audit, upon 30 days prior written notice, the books and records of the cable operator and recompute any amounts determined to be payable under the ordinances adopted pursuant to this article. The procedures adopted by the locality shall not exceed the following requirements: (i) the locality may require the cable operator to make available to the locality all records reasonably necessary to confirm the accurate payment of fees; (ii) the locality may require the cable operator to bear the locality's reasonable out-of-pocket audit expenses if the audit discloses an underpayment of more than 3% of any quarterly payment, but not less than $5,000; (iii) the locality may require the cable operator to pay any additional undisputed amounts due to the locality as a result of the audit within 30 days following written notice by the locality to the cable operator; (iv) in the event the cable operator disputes any underpayment discovered as the result of an audit conducted by the locality, the locality shall work together with the cable operator in good faith to promptly resolve such dispute; (v) the locality shall provide that the cable operator and the locality maintain all rights and remedies available at law regarding any disputed amounts; (vi) the locality shall have no more than three years from the time the cable operator delivers a payment to provide a written, detailed objection to or dispute of that payment, and if the locality fails to object to or dispute the payment within that time period, the locality shall be barred from objecting to or disputing it after that time period; and (vii) the locality shall not audit a cable operator more frequently than every 24 months;

8. Adopt reasonable reporting requirements for annual financial information and quarterly customer service information that must be provided by a cable operator to the locality so long as such information does not exceed the reporting requirements for any existing cable operator in that locality;

9. Require cable operators to provide, without charge, within the area actually served by the cable operator, one cable service outlet activated for basic cable service to each fire station, public school, police station, public library, and any other local government building. The ordinance shall apply equally to all providers of cable services in the locality, but shall not apply in cases where it is not technically feasible for a cable operator to comply;

10. Subject to § 15.2-2108.24 , adopt requirements and procedures for (i) the management of the public rights-of-way that do not exceed the standards set forth in clauses (i) and (ii) of subsection C of § 56-462 and (ii) the construction of a cable system in the public rights-of-way;

11. Adopt the following allocation procedure if cable services subject to a franchise fee, or any other fee determined by a percentage of the cable operator's gross revenues in a locality, are provided to subscribers in conjunction with other services: the fee shall be applied only to the value of these cable services, as reflected on the books and records of the cable operator in accordance with rules, regulations, standards, or orders of the Federal Communications Commission or the State Corporation Commission, or generally accepted accounting principles. Any discounts resulting from purchasing the services as a bundle shall be reasonably allocated between the respective services that constitute the bundled transaction; and

12. Require cable operators to make cable service available to (i) up to all of the occupied residential dwelling units in the initial service area selected by cable operator within no less than three years of the date of the grant of the franchise and (ii) no more than 65% of the residential dwelling units in the area in the locality in which the cable operator has its telephone facilities, within no less than seven years of the date of the grant of the franchise. Notwithstanding the foregoing provision, a cable operator shall not be required to make cable service available: (a) for periods of force majeure; (b) for periods of delay caused by the locality; (c) for periods of delay resulting from the cable operator's inability to obtain authority to access rights-of-way in the service area; (d) in areas where developments or buildings are subject to claimed exclusive arrangements; (e) in developments or buildings that the cable operator cannot access under industry standard terms and conditions after good faith negotiation; (f) in developments or buildings that the cable operator is unable to provide cable service for technical reasons or that require facilities that are not available or cannot be deployed on a commercially reasonable basis; (g) in areas where it is not technically feasible to provide cable service due to the technology used by the cable operator to provide cable service; (h) in areas where the average occupied residential household density is less than 30 occupied residential dwelling units per mile as measured in strand footage from the nearest technically feasible point on the cable operator's active cable system (or such higher average density number as may be contained in an existing cable operator's cable franchise); and (i) when the cable operator's prior service, payment, or theft of service history with a subscriber or potential subscriber has been unfavorable. Should, through new construction, an area within the cable operator's service area meet the density requirement, a cable operator shall, subject to the exclusions in this subdivision, provide cable service to such area within six months of receiving notice from the locality that the density requirements have been met. A locality may not require a cable operator using its telephone facilities to provide cable service to provide any cable service outside of the area in the locality in which the cable operator has its telephone facilities. During the 12-month period commencing after the seventh-year anniversary date of the grant of the franchise, a locality may, by ordinance adopted after a public hearing in which the locality specifically finds that such a requirement is necessary to promote competition in cable services within the locality, require the cable operator to make service available to no more than 80% of the residential dwelling units in the area in the locality in which the cable operator has its telephone facilities within no less than 10 years of the date of the grant of the franchise, subject to the exclusions in clauses (a) through (i) of this subdivision. If the cable operator notifies the locality that it is unwilling to accept this additional service availability requirement, the locality may, after notice and public hearing, terminate the cable operator's ordinance cable franchise. The cable operator shall file a certificate at its third and seventh, and if applicable, tenth, anniversary dates certifying its compliance with the foregoing service requirements. For purposes of an ordinance cable franchise, the date of the grant of the franchise shall be the date the notice required by § 15.2-2108.21 is filed with the locality. For purposes of a negotiated cable franchise, the date of the grant of the franchise shall be the date the respective locality has granted a negotiated cable franchise pursuant to § 15.2-2108.20 .

2006, cc. 73 , 76 .
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-2660 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle II / Chapter 26 / Article 7 / Section 15.2-2660
Bonds not affected by project undertaken
Status: in_force

The authorization and issuance of the bonds under this chapter shall not be dependent on or affected in any way by proceedings taken, contracts made, or acts performed or done in connection with, or in furtherance of, the project undertaken by the locality authorizing and issuing the bonds.

Code 1950, § 15-666.67; 1958, c. 640; 1962, c. 623, § 15.1-226; 1991, c. 668, § 15.1-227.62; 1997, c. 587.
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-2703 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle II / Chapter 27 / Section 15.2-2703
Group self-insurance pools authorized
Status: in_force

A. Any political subdivision of this Commonwealth may, by contract with one or more political subdivisions of this Commonwealth or of another state, form a group self-insurance pool to provide for joint or cooperative action relative to their financial and administrative resources for the purpose of providing to the participating political subdivisions risk management services as well as insurance coverage for pool members and employees of pool members, for acts or omissions arising out of the scope of their employment, including any or all of the following:

1. Casualty insurance, including workers' compensation under Title 65.2, employers' liability, general, professional and public officials liability coverage;

2. Property insurance, including marine insurance and inland marine and transportation insurance coverage;

3. Group life, accident and health coverages including hospital, medical, surgical and dental benefits to the employees of member political subdivisions and their dependents;

4. Automobile insurance, including motor vehicle liability insurance coverage and collision and security for motor vehicles owned or operated, as required by Title 46.2, and protection against other liability and loss associated with the ownership and use of motor vehicles;

5. Surety and fidelity insurance coverage; and

6. Umbrella and excess insurance coverages.

B. A group self-insurance pool may also provide all insurance coverages authorized by this section to (i) any separate corporation established by one or more counties, cities, towns, or school boards, as permitted by law, that is supported wholly or principally by local public funds or utilize federal funds for local community housing projects and (ii) other corporations recognized under § 501(c)(3) or 501(c)(4) of the Internal Revenue Code that are supported wholly or principally by local public funds or utilize federal funds for local community housing projects and that are recognized by a political subdivision and authorized by law to perform a government function.

C. A group self-insurance pool may obtain excess insurance or reinsurance of risks, and may cede and sell the risks for coverages set forth in this section.

D. Member political subdivisions that join together for the purpose of pooling their workers' compensation liabilities pursuant to Title 65.2 shall execute a written agreement, which has been approved by the State Corporation Commission under which each member agrees to be jointly and severally liable for the other members that are also party to such agreement. In addition to the rights the pool may have under such agreements, in the event of failure of the pool to enforce such rights after reasonable notice to the pool, the State Corporation Commission shall have the right independently to enforce on behalf of the pool the joint and several liability of its members under this title and the liability of members for any unpaid contributions and assessments. The State Corporation Commission shall be entitled to recover its expenses and attorney fees. However, no such agreement to be jointly and severally liable, nor membership in a group self-insurance pool as defined in this section, shall relieve an employer of the liabilities imposed under Title 65.2 with respect to its employees. Members of a group self-insurance pool created pursuant to this title and licensed by the State Corporation Commission shall not be jointly and severally liable for unpaid contributions or assessments for any line of business other than workers' compensation offered by the group self-insurance pool.

E. Subject to the approval of the State Corporation Commission and with such conditions as such Commission may require, a group self-insurance association formed pursuant to § 65.2-802 , consisting solely of political subdivisions, may merge with a group self-insurance pool if the group self-insurance pool assumes in full all obligations of such group self-insurance association originally licensed pursuant to § 65.2-802 .

1986, cc. 520, 556, § 15.1-503.4:3; 1997, c. 587 ; 2009, cc. 285 , 336 ; 2022, c. 439 .
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-1211 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle II / Chapter 12 / Article 1 / Section 15.2-1211
Boundaries of magisterial and election districts
Status: in_force

A. County magisterial district boundary lines and names shall be as the governing bodies may establish. Subject to the provisions of § 24.2-304.1 , whenever the boundaries of a county have been altered, the governing body shall, as may be necessary, redistrict the county into magisterial districts, change the boundaries of existing districts, change the name of any district, or increase or diminish the number of districts.

B. Whenever redistricting of magisterial or election districts is required as a result of annexation, the governing body of such county shall, within a reasonable time from the effective date of such annexation, not to exceed ninety days, commence the redistricting process which shall be completed within a reasonable time thereafter, not to exceed twelve months.

C. A county may by ordinance provide that the magisterial districts of the county shall remain the same, but that representation on the governing body shall be by election districts, in which event all sections of this Code providing for election or appointment on the basis of magisterial districts shall be construed to provide for election or appointment on the basis of election districts, including appointment to a school board as prescribed by §§ 22.1-36 and 22.1-44 .

1971, Ex. Sess., c. 200, § 15.1-571.1; 1976, c. 398; 1979, c. 288; 1980, c. 559; 1995, c. 249 ; 1997, c. 587.
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-1816 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle II / Chapter 18.1 / Section 15.2-1816
Power to enter into financing agreements
Status: in_force

In addition to other powers granted by law, every local government may, by ordinance, enter into a financing agreement as described in this section and may as part of that financing agreement (i) convey title to any property that is part of a project as defined in this chapter to a conduit or other entity in exchange for consideration provided for under the financing agreement; (ii) assign, pledge to, and create a lien in favor of a conduit or other entity, and permit the conduit or other entity to reassign, pledge to, and create a lien in favor of a private capital funding source, any revenues derived from the project being financed as provided for under the financing agreement; (iii) enter into a lease-leaseback arrangement for a term not to exceed 99 years, under which the private capital funding source will lease from the conduit or other entity, and the conduit or other entity shall lease back from the private capital funding source, the conveyed project. In addition, the conduit or other entity has the power to contribute to the local government any funds received by it in excess of the payments it is required to make to the private capital funding source under the lease-leaseback arrangement and has the power to convey the conveyed property back to the local government when the property is no longer encumbered by any lien or lease in favor of the funding source. The local government and the conduit or other entity may enter into agreements or contracts under which the local government may maintain or administer the conveyed property under the project or may collect rents or fees on behalf of the conduit or other entity. The parties may modify or extend the financing agreement subject to approval by the local government. The local government may enter into a financing agreement under this section either through a competitive selection process or by direct negotiations with a private capital funding source, as determined by the local government or as otherwise provided by law.

2011, cc. 562 , 660 .
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-815 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle I / Chapter 8 / Article 1 / Section 15.2-815
Regulation of garbage, trash and refuse pickup and disposal services; contracting for such services in certain counties
Status: in_force

The board may adopt an ordinance requiring the delivery of all or any portion of the garbage, trash and refuse generated or disposed of within such county to waste disposal facilities located therein or to waste disposal facilities located outside of such county if the county has contracted for capacity at or service from such facilities.

Such ordinances may provide that it is unlawful for any person to dispose of his garbage, trash and refuse in or at any other place. No such ordinance shall apply to the occupants of single-family residences or family farms disposing of their own garbage, trash or refuse if such occupants have paid the fees, rates and charges of other single-family residences and family farms in the same service area.

Such ordinance shall not apply to garbage, trash and refuse generated, purchased or utilized by an entity engaged in the business of manufacturing, mining, processing, refining or conversion except for an entity engaged in the production of energy or refuse-derived fuels for sale to a person other than any entity controlling, controlled by or under the same control as the manufacturer, miner, processor, refiner or converter. Nor shall such ordinance apply to (i) recyclable materials, which are those materials that have been source-separated by any person or materials that have been separated from garbage, trash and refuse by any person for utilization in both cases as a raw material to be manufactured into a new product other than fuel or energy, (ii) construction debris to be disposed of in a landfill, or (iii) waste oil. Such ordinances may provide penalties, fines and other punishment for violations.

Such county may contract with any person, whether profit or nonprofit, for garbage and refuse pickup and disposal services and enter into contracts relating to waste disposal facilities which recover energy or materials from garbage, trash and refuse. Such contracts may make provision for, among other things, (i) the purchase by the county of all or a portion of the disposal capacity of a waste disposal facility located within or outside the county for present or future waste disposal requirements; (ii) the operation of such facility by the county; (iii) the delivery by or on behalf of the contracting county of specified quantities of garbage, trash and refuse, whether or not such county collects such garbage, trash and refuse, and the making of payments for such quantities of garbage, trash and refuse whether or not such garbage, trash and refuse are delivered, including payments for revenues lost if garbage, trash and refuse are not delivered; (iv) adjustments to payments made by the county in regard to inflation, changes in energy prices or residue disposal costs, taxes imposed upon the facility owner or operator, or other events beyond the control of the facility operator or owners; (v) the fixing and collection of fees, rates or charges for use of the disposal facility and for any product or service resulting from operation of the facility; and (vi) such other provision as is necessary for the safe and effective construction, maintenance or operation of such facility, whether or not such provision displaces competition in any market. Any such contract shall not be deemed to be a debt or gift of the county within the meaning of any law, charter provision or debt limitation. Nothing in the foregoing powers granted such county shall include the authority to pledge the full faith and credit of such local government in violation of Article X, Section 10 of the Constitution of Virginia.

1985, c. 581, § 15.1-730.1; 1997, c. 587.
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-6633 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle IV / Chapter 66.1 / Section 15.2-6633
Name of Authority
Status: in_force

The name of the Authority shall be the Northern Neck Chesapeake Bay Public Access Authority. The name of this authority may be changed upon approval of a simple majority of the directors of the Authority.

2005, c. 842 .
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-2227 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle II / Chapter 22 / Article 3 / Section 15.2-2227
Return of plan to local planning commission; resubmission
Status: in_force

If the governing body disapproves the plan, then it shall be returned to the local planning commission for its reconsideration, with a written statement of the reasons for its disapproval.

The commission shall have sixty days in which to reconsider the plan and resubmit it, with any changes, to the governing body.

Code 1950, § 15-964.5; 1962, c. 407, § 15.1-451; 1997, c. 587.
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-4114 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle III / Chapter 41 / Section 15.2-4114
Liabilities and assets of such city
Status: in_force

Unless otherwise provided by agreement of the governing bodies of the city and county, or by order of the special court pursuant to § 15.2-4106 , a town created under this chapter shall remain liable for all of the bonded indebtedness, current debts, obligations, and liabilities if incurred as a city. Unless otherwise provided by agreement of the governing bodies of the city and county, or by order of the court pursuant to § 15.2-4106 , the title to all of the real and personal property of the former city and all of its rights and privileges under any contract, and all of its books, records, papers and other things of value, shall vest in and become the property of the town.

1988, c. 881, § 15.1-965.23; 1997, c. 587.
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-4210 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle IV / Chapter 42 / Section 15.2-4210
Commission to act only in conformity with regional strategic plan
Status: in_force

When the strategic plan becomes effective as the district plan, the planning district commission shall not, except as provided in the plan, establish any policies or take any action which, in its opinion, is not in conformity with the plan.

1968, c. 224, § 15.1-1407; 1995, cc. 732 , 796 ; 1997, c. 587; 1998, cc. 668 , 686 .
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-3908 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle III / Chapter 39 / Section 15.2-3908
Assistance of state agencies
Status: in_force

The special court may, in its discretion, direct any appropriate state agency, in addition to the Commission on Local Government, to gather and present evidence, including statistical data and exhibits, for the court, subject to the usual rules of evidence. The court shall determine the actual expense of preparing such evidence and shall tax such expense as costs in the case; the costs shall be paid by the clerk into the general fund of the state treasury, and credited to the agency furnishing the evidence.

1979, c. 85, § 15.1-977.10; 1997, c. 587.
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-2654 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle II / Chapter 26 / Article 6 / Section 15.2-2654
Reply by party defendant; intervention by interested parties; determination of questions; orders; precedence over other business
Status: in_force

Any party defendant may reply to the motion for judgment within ten days after its second publication as required by §§ 15.2-2652 and 15.2-2653 but not thereafter. Any property owner, taxpayer, citizen or other person in interest may become a party to the proceedings by pleading to the motion for judgment on or before the time set for hearing as provided by § 15.2-2652 or § 15.2-2653 , or such earlier time as may be specified in the order of the court, or thereafter by intervention upon leave of the court. At the time and place designated in the order for the hearing as provided for in § 15.2-2652 or § 15.2-2653 , the judge shall proceed to hear and determine all questions of law and fact in the proceeding and may make such orders as to the proceeding and such adjournments as will enable the judge properly to try and determine the proceeding and to render a final decree with the least possible delay. The proceeding shall take precedence over all other business of the court.

Code 1950, § 15-666.58; 1958, c. 640; 1962, c. 623, § 15.1-217; 1991, c. 668, § 15.1-227.56; 1997, c. 587.
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-3819 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle III / Chapter 38 / Section 15.2-3819
Election and terms of office of mayor and councilmen after town becomes city
Status: in_force

At a general election of city officers, to be held on the second Tuesday in May after a town is declared to be a city, a mayor and city council shall be elected for the city. The terms of office of the mayor and city council shall begin on July 1 following their election. The mayor shall serve for four years. One half of the council shall serve for two years, and the other half for four years.

Code 1950, § 15-90; 1962, c. 623, § 15.1-990; 1997, c. 587.
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-5365 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle IV / Chapter 53 / Article 4 / Section 15.2-5365
Proceedings for dissolution
Status: in_force

Whenever it appears to the commissioners of an authority that the need, as provided in § 15.2-5305 , for such authority in the city in which it was created no longer exists, upon petition by the commissioners to the circuit court for such city, after giving to the city ten days' notice and upon the production of satisfactory evidence in support of such petition, the court may, in its discretion, enter an order declaring that the need for such authority in the city no longer exists and approving a plan for completing the business of the authority, the payment or assumption of its obligations, and the transfer of its assets.

Code 1950, § 32-275.1; 1962, c. 395, § 15.1-1600; 1979, c. 719; 1997, c. 587.
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-2024 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle II / Chapter 20 / Article 5 / Section 15.2-2024
Numbers to be displayed on buildings
Status: in_force

Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection A of § 15.2-2000 , every locality, by ordinance, may require that each building that fronts on a right-of-way be numbered and such number be displayed on the primary or accompanying building or in a manner that is easily readable from the right-of-way. Every locality may adopt such rules or procedures necessary to ensure the compliance with and enforcement of the ordinance adopted pursuant to this section. The ordinance may include provisions for a civil penalty not to exceed $100 for a violation that has not been corrected within 15 days of notice of such violation. Civil penalties assessed under this section shall be paid into the treasury of the locality where the violation occurred.

1984, c. 223, § 15.1-29.11; 1997, cc. 534 , 587 ; 2020, c. 8 .
Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-5805 — Virginia Code / Title 15.2 / Subtitle IV / Chapter 58 / Section 15.2-5805
Powers
Status: in_force

In addition to the powers set forth elsewhere in this chapter, the Authority may:

1. Adopt and alter an official seal;

2. Sue and be sued in its own name;

3. Adopt bylaws, rules and regulations to carry out the provisions of this chapter;

4. Maintain an office at such place as the Authority may designate;

5. Employ, either as regular employees or independent contractors, consultants, engineers, architects, accountants, attorneys, financial experts, construction experts and personnel, superintendents, managers and other professional personnel, personnel, and agents as may be necessary in the judgment of the Authority, and fix their compensation;

6. Determine the locations of, develop, establish, construct, erect, acquire, own, repair, remodel, add to, extend, improve, equip, operate, regulate, and maintain facilities to the extent necessary to accomplish the purposes of the Authority;

7. Acquire, hold, lease, use, encumber, transfer, or dispose of real and personal property, including a lease of its property or any interest therein whatever the condition thereof, whether or not constructed or acquired, to the Commonwealth or any political subdivision of the Commonwealth. The Commonwealth and any such political subdivision are authorized to acquire or lease such property or any interest therein; however, the Commonwealth shall not enter into any such lease or purchase agreement unless such lease or purchase agreement has first been approved pursuant to subsections E and F of § 15.2-5806 ;

8. Enter into contracts of any kind, and execute all instruments necessary or convenient with respect to its carrying out the powers in this chapter to accomplish the purposes of the Authority;

9. Operate, enter into contracts for the operation of, and regulate the use and operation of facilities developed under the provisions of the chapter;

10. Fix and revise from time to time and charge and collect rates, rents, fees, or other charges for the use of facilities or for services rendered in connection with the facilities;

11. Borrow money from any source for any valid purpose, including working capital for its operations, reserve funds, or interest, and to mortgage, pledge, or otherwise encumber the property or funds of the Authority and to contract with or engage the services of any person in connection with any financing, including financial institutions, issuers of letters of credit, or insurers;

12. Issue bonds under this chapter;

13. Receive and accept from any source, private or public, contributions, gifts, or grants of money or property; and

14. Do all things necessary or convenient to carry out the powers granted by this chapter.

1992, c. 823, § 15.1-227.75; 1995, cc. 613 , 629 ; 1996, cc. 950 , 1038 ; 1997, cc. 587 , 884 ; 2005, c. 106 .