Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-182 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 12 / Article 1 / Section 22.1-182
Use of school buses for public and commercial purposes
Status: in_force

The school board of any school division may enter into agreements with any third-party logistics company, the governing body of any county, city, or town in the school division, any state agency, or any agency established or identified pursuant to P.L. 89-73 or any law amendatory or supplemental thereto providing for the use of the school buses of such school division by such third-party logistics company or agency or by departments, boards, commissions, or officers of such county, city, or town for public purposes, including transportation for the elderly, or private purposes, except that such third-party logistics company shall not use the school buses to provide transportation of passengers for compensation or for residential delivery of products for compensation. Each such agreement shall provide for reimbursing the school board in full for the proportionate share of any and all costs, both fixed and variable, of such buses incurred by such school board attributable to the use of such buses pursuant to such agreement. Each such agreement shall also require the third-party logistics company, governing body, state agency, or agency established or identified pursuant to P.L. 89-73 or any law amendatory or supplemental thereto (i) to supply insurance on the school bus that meets the minimum coverage requirements in § 22.1-190 or (ii) in the case of a governing body, to reimburse the school board for the proportionate share of any insurance costs, both fixed and variable, of such buses incurred by such school board that are attributable to the use of such buses pursuant to such agreement. The third-party logistics company, governing body, state agency, or agency established or identified pursuant to P.L. 89-73 or any law amendatory or supplemental thereto shall indemnify and hold harmless the school board from any and all liability of the school board by virtue of use of such buses pursuant to an agreement authorized herein.

Code 1950, § 22-151.2; 1973, c. 368; 1975, c. 633; 1980, c. 559; 2022, c. 241 ; 2026, c. 922 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-279.2 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 14 / Article 3 / Section 22.1-279.2
Repealed
Status: repealed

Repealed by Acts 1995, c. 533 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-225.1 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 13 / Article 3 / Section 22.1-225.1
Department; Virginia-based nonprofit organizations; schools for adults to earn credentials, college credit, and high school diplomas
Status: in_force

Notwithstanding any other provision of law to the contrary, the Department shall authorize a Virginia-based nonprofit organization with demonstrated evidence of positive student outcomes to provide schools for adults to earn (i) (a) an industry-recognized credential awarded through a partnership with a Virginia-based community college or an approved training provider or (b) dual college credit awarded through a partnership with a Virginia-based community college and (ii) a high school diploma on one or more diploma pathways set forth in subdivision 3 of 8VAC20-30-20 in which enrollment is open, on a space-available basis, to adults who reside throughout the Commonwealth.

2023, cc. 453 , 454 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-289.037 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 14.1 / Article 5 / Section 22.1-289.037
Revocation or denial of renewal based on background checks; failure to obtain background check
Status: in_force

A. The Superintendent may revoke or deny renewal of a license or registration of a child day program or home-based child care system, and a home-based child care system may revoke the approval of home-based child care, if the child day program, home-based child care system, or approved home-based child care has knowledge that a person specified in § 22.1-289.03 5 or 22.1-289.03 6 required to have a background check (i) has been convicted of any barrier crime as defined in § 19.2-392.02 or (ii) is the subject of a founded complaint of child abuse or neglect within or outside the Commonwealth, and such person has not been granted a waiver by the Superintendent pursuant to § 22.1-289.03 8 or is not subject to the exceptions in subsection G of § 22.1-289.03 5, and the agency or home refuses to separate such person from employment or service or allows the household member to continue to reside in the home.

B. Failure to obtain background checks pursuant to §§ 22.1-289.03 5 and 22.1-289.03 6 shall be grounds for denial, revocation, or termination of a license, registration, or approval or any contract with the Department or its agents or designees or a local department of social services to provide child care services to clients of the Department or its agents or designees or the local department of social services. No violation shall occur if the home-based child care system, home-based child care, or child day center has applied for the background check timely and it has not been obtained due to administrative delay. The provisions of this section shall be enforced by the Department.

2020, cc. 860 , 861 ; 2026, c. 917 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-217.1 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 13 / Article 2 / Section 22.1-217.1
Programs for the research and development of innovative methods of teaching children with mental illness, intellectual disability, or serious emotional disturbance
Status: in_force

For the purpose of improving the quality of the education and training provided to the school-age children in state hospitals and training centers operated by the Department of Behavioral Health and Developmental Services, there is hereby established a program of grants from such funds as are appropriated by the General Assembly to promote the research and development of innovative methods of teaching children with mental illness, intellectual disability, or serious emotional disturbance in residential settings. This program shall be available to the education directors and instructional staffs of the state hospitals and training centers operated by the Department of Behavioral Health and Developmental Services. The Board of Education shall award these grants on the basis of the recommendations of an advisory committee composed of the Director of the Virginia Treatment Center for Children, two representatives of the Department of Education and two representatives of the Department of Behavioral Health and Developmental Services. The advisory committee shall establish objectives for these grants, develop requests for proposals and set criteria for evaluating the applications for funds.

1985, c. 332; 2009, cc. 813 , 840 ; 2012, cc. 476 , 507 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-271.5 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 14 / Article 2 / Section 22.1-271.5
Guidelines and policies and procedures on concussions in student-athletes
Status: in_force

A. The Board of Education shall develop, biennially update, and distribute to each local school division guidelines on policies to inform and educate coaches, student-athletes, and student-athletes' parents or guardians of the nature and risk of concussions, criteria for removal from and return to play, risks of not reporting the injury and continuing to play, and the effects of concussions on student-athletes' academic performance.

B. Each local school division shall develop and biennially update policies and procedures regarding the identification and handling of suspected concussions in student-athletes. Such policies shall:

1. Require that in order to participate in any extracurricular physical activity, each student-athlete and the student-athlete's parent or guardian shall review, on an annual basis, information on concussions provided by the local school division. After having reviewed materials describing the short- and long-term health effects of concussions, each student-athlete and the student-athlete's parent or guardian shall sign a statement acknowledging receipt of such information, in a manner approved by the Board of Education;

2. Require a student-athlete suspected by that student-athlete's coach, athletic trainer, or team physician of sustaining a concussion or brain injury in a practice or game to be removed from the activity at that time. A student-athlete who has been removed from play, evaluated, and suspected to have a concussion or brain injury shall not return to play that same day nor until (i) evaluated by an appropriate licensed health care provider as determined by the Board of Education and (ii) in receipt of written clearance to return to play from such licensed health care provider.

The licensed health care provider evaluating student-athletes suspected of having a concussion or brain injury may be a volunteer; and

3. Include a "Return to Learn Protocol" with the following requirements:

a. School personnel shall be alert to cognitive and academic issues that may be experienced by a student who has suffered a concussion or other head injury, including (i) difficulty with concentration, organization, and long-term and short-term memory; (ii) sensitivity to bright lights and sounds; and (iii) short-term problems with speech and language, reasoning, planning, and problem solving; and

b. School personnel shall accommodate the gradual return to full participation in academic activities of a student who has suffered a concussion or other head injury as appropriate, based on the recommendation of the student's licensed health care provider as to the appropriate amount of time that such student needs to be away from the classroom.

C. Each non-interscholastic youth sports program utilizing public school property shall either (i) establish policies and procedures regarding the identification and handling of suspected concussions in student-athletes, consistent with either the local school division's policies and procedures developed in compliance with this section or the Board's Guidelines for Policies on Concussions in Student-Athletes, or (ii) follow the local school division's policies and procedures as set forth in subsection B. In addition, local school divisions may provide the guidelines to organizations sponsoring athletic activity for student-athletes on school property. Local school divisions shall not be required to enforce compliance with such policies.

D. As used in this section, "non-interscholastic youth sports program" means a program organized for recreational athletic competition or recreational athletic instruction for youth.

2010, c. 483 ; 2014, cc. 746 , 760 ; 2016, c. 151 ; 2019, c. 142 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-147 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 10 / Section 22.1-147
Application for and distribution of funds
Status: in_force

A. The Board shall establish an annual open application process for Literary Fund loans that shall occur during the period that the Board deems most suitable. The Board shall prioritize applications on the basis of the composite index of local ability-to-pay.

B. The Board shall provide for an equitable distribution of the funds loaned or provided as loan interest rate subsidy payments from the Literary Fund among the several school divisions. In providing for such equitable distribution, the Board shall impose a maximum limit of not more than $25 million on the amount of any loan from the Literary Fund. The Board shall offer a loan add-on not to exceed $5 million per loan for projects that result in school consolidation and the net reduction of at least one existing school.

Code 1950, § 22-106; 1977, c. 157; 1980, c. 559; 1988, c. 88; 1997, c. 384 ; 1998, c. 70 ; 2022, Sp. Sess. I, c. 20 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-43 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 5 / Article 3 / Section 22.1-43
Abolition of school board selection commission
Status: in_force

If the majority of votes cast in the referendum held as provided in § 22.1-42 shall be for the proposition, the school board selection commission of the county shall be abolished. If the majority of the votes cast shall be against the proposition, the school board selection commission shall be retained.

Code 1950, § 22-79.5; 1970, c. 126; 1980, c. 559.
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-279.10 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 14 / Article 3 / Section 22.1-279.10
School resource officers; data
Status: in_force

The Department of Criminal Justice Services, in coordination with the Department of Education and the Department of Juvenile Justice, shall annually collect, report, and publish on its website data on the use of force against students, including the use of chemical, mechanical, or other restraints and instances of seclusion; detentions of students; arrests of students; student referrals to court or court service units; and other disciplinary actions by school resource officers involving students. Such data shall (i) be published in a manner that protects the identities of students and (ii) be disaggregated by local school division and by student age, grade, race, ethnicity, gender, and disability, if such data is available.

2020, cc. 169 , 1039 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-12 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 2 / Section 22.1-12
Oath of office
Status: in_force

Before entering upon the duties of office, a person appointed to the Board shall take and subscribe the oath prescribed for an officer of this Commonwealth as provided in Chapter 1 (§ 49-1 et seq.) of Title 49.

Code 1950, § 22-15; 1980, c. 559.
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-290.3 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 15 / Article 1 / Section 22.1-290.3
(Expires July 1, 2028) Teacher Reengagement Program
Status: in_force

A. There is hereby established the Teacher Reengagement Program (the Program) for the purpose of addressing instructional personnel shortages and COVID-19 pandemic-related student learning loss.

B. Any school board may hire an individual pursuant to the Program, subject to the following conditions and limitations:

1. The individual works on a part-time basis;

2. The individual is compensated with part-time pay; with any health, dental, and vision insurance coverage that is available to full-time school board employees; or with some combination of such pay and coverage;

3. In the case of an individual who holds a renewable or provisional teaching license issued by the Board, the individual's duties consist of teaching students, providing one-on-one tutoring services to students, or mentoring teachers, or some combination thereof;

4. In the case of an individual who does not hold a renewable or provisional teaching license issued by the Board, the individual has professional experience or expertise in a certain subject matter area and the individual's duties consist of providing one-on-one tutoring services to students in such subject matter area; and

5. The individual complies with all laws, regulations, and school board policies and procedures applicable to part-time school board employees.

C. Any school board that hires any part-time employee pursuant to the Program shall annually report to the Department such data on the implementation of the Program that the Department deems necessary to evaluate its continued effectiveness at addressing instructional personnel shortages and student learning loss.

2023, c. 429 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-207.2:1 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 13 / Article 1 / Section 22.1-207.2:1
Anti-bullying or suicide prevention materials; parental right to review
Status: in_force

Each school board shall develop and implement policies that ensure that parents have the right to review any audio-visual materials that contain graphic sexual or violent content used in any anti-bullying or suicide prevention program. Such policies shall require that prior to using any such material, the parent of the child participating in such a program shall be provided written notice of his right to review the material and his right to excuse his child from participating in the part of such program utilizing such material.

2019, c. 581 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-305 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 15 / Article 2 / Section 22.1-305
Nonrenewal of contract of probationary teacher
Status: in_force

A. Before a division superintendent recommends to the school board nonrenewal of the contract of a teacher who has not achieved continuing contract status, the division superintendent shall consider, among other things, the performance evaluations for such teacher required by § 22.1-303 and shall notify the teacher of the proposed recommendation. Upon written request of the teacher within five working days after receipt of such notice, the division superintendent or his designee shall orally provide the specific reasons, if any, for such recommendation, along with supporting documentation, including such performance evaluations, to the teacher and, if requested by the teacher, to his or her representative. Within 10 days after receiving such reasons, the teacher may request, by notification in writing to the division superintendent, a conference before the division superintendent. Upon such request, the division superintendent shall set a date for the conference, which shall be within 30 days of the request, and shall give the teacher at least 15 days' notice of the time and place of the conference.

B. The conference shall be before the division superintendent or his designee. No such designee shall have recommended to the division superintendent the nonrenewal of the teacher's contract. The teacher and the person or persons who recommended the nonrenewal of the teacher's contract to the division superintendent, or a representative of either or both, shall be allowed to participate in the conference, but no such representative shall be an attorney.

C. If the conference is before a designee of the division superintendent, the designee shall communicate his recommendations to the division superintendent and to the teacher.

D. The division superintendent shall notify the teacher, in writing, of his intention with respect to the recommendation within 10 days after the conference.

E. In any case in which a teacher requests reasons for the recommendation as provided in this section, written notice of nonrenewal of the contract by the school board must be given either within 10 days after the time for requesting a conference has expired and the teacher has not made a timely request for a conference or, if a conference is requested, within 30 days after the division superintendent notifies the teacher of his intention with respect to the recommendation and the provisions of § 22.1-304 requiring such notice on or before June 15 shall not be applicable.

F. The conference shall be confidential and no written or oral communication of such conference shall be made to anyone other than the school board, in executive session, and employees of the school division having an interest therein; however, both the teacher and the division superintendent, upon request, may provide the reasons for the nonrenewal to a potential employer of the teacher.

G. The provisions of this section shall be inapplicable when a decrease in enrollment or the abolition of a particular subject or reduction in the number of classes offered in a particular subject causes a reduction in the number of teachers; however, a statement to that effect shall be placed in the personnel file of each teacher whose contract is nonrenewed for any such reason.

H. The intent of this section is to provide an opportunity for a probationary teacher to discuss the reasons for nonrenewal with the division superintendent or his designee, and the provisions of this section are meant to be procedural only. Nothing contained herein shall be taken to require cause, as defined in § 22.1-307 , for the nonrenewal of the contract of a teacher who has not achieved continuing contract status nor shall the failure of the school board or the division superintendent to comply with any time requirement herein constitute a basis for continued employment of the teacher.

Code 1950, § 22-217.4:1; 1979, c. 98; 1980, c. 559; 1999, cc. 1030 , 1037 ; 2013, cc. 588 , 650 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-277.04 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 14 / Article 3 / Section 22.1-277.04
Short-term suspension; procedures; readmission
Status: in_force

A pupil may be suspended for not more than ten school days by either the school principal, any assistant principal, or, in their absence, any teacher. The principal, assistant principal, or teacher may suspend the pupil after giving the pupil oral or written notice of the charges against him and, if he denies them, an explanation of the facts as known to school personnel and an opportunity to present his version of what occurred. In the case of any pupil whose presence poses a continuing danger to persons or property, or whose presence is an ongoing threat of disruption, the pupil may be removed from school immediately and the notice, explanation of facts, and opportunity to present his version shall be given as soon as practicable thereafter.

Upon suspension of any pupil, the principal, assistant principal, or teacher responsible for such suspension shall report the facts of the case in writing to the division superintendent or his designee and the parent of the pupil suspended. The division superintendent or his designee shall review forthwith the action taken by the principal, assistant principal, or teacher upon a petition for such review by any party in interest and confirm or disapprove such action based on an examination of the record of the pupil's behavior.

The decision of the division superintendent or his designee may be appealed to the school board or a committee thereof in accordance with regulations of the school board; however, the decision of the division superintendent or his designee shall be final if so prescribed by school board regulations.

The school board shall require that any oral or written notice to the parent of a student who is suspended from school attendance for not more than ten days include notification of the length of the suspension, information regarding the availability of community-based educational programs, alternative education programs or other educational options, and of the student's right to return to regular school attendance upon the expiration of the suspension. The costs of any community-based educational program, or alternative education program or educational option, which is not a part of the educational program offered by the school division, shall be borne by the parent of the student.

School boards shall adopt policies and procedures to ensure that suspended students are able to access and complete graded work during and after the suspension.

1998, c. 806 , § 22.1-277.03; 2001, cc. 688 , 820 ; 2020, c. 337 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-347 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 19 / Section 22.1-347
Repealed
Status: repealed

Repealed by Acts 2009, c. 210 , cl. 4, effective July 1, 2009.
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-141.4 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 9 / Article 4 / Section 22.1-141.4
Definitions
Status: in_force

As used in this article, unless the context requires a different meaning:

"Certified testing, adjusting, and balancing technician" means (i) a technician, tradesperson, or apprentice certified to perform testing, adjusting, and balancing of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems by the Associated Air Balance Council, the National Environmental Balancing Bureau, or the Testing, Adjusting and Balancing Bureau or (ii) a person certified to perform ventilation assessments of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems through a certification body accredited by the American National Standards Institute.

"Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning system" means the equipment, distribution network, controls, and terminals that provide, either collectively or individually, heating, ventilation, or air conditioning to a building.

"Indoor air quality" means air quality within buildings and structures, especially as it relates to the health and comfort of building occupants.

2025, cc. 632 , 668 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-352 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 20 / Section 22.1-352
Executive director; staff support; location
Status: in_force

From such funds as may be appropriated or received, the board of the Consortium may appoint an executive director, who shall be authorized to employ such staff as necessary to enable the Consortium to perform its duties as set forth in this chapter. The board is authorized to determine the duties of such staff and to fix salaries and compensation from such funds as may be appropriated or received. The Consortium's offices shall be housed at the University of Virginia's College at Wise.

1992, c. 785; 1999, cc. 424 , 437 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-289.05:1 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 14.1 / Article 1 / Section 22.1-289.05:1
(Expires July 1, 2029) Small Home-Based Child Care Provider Incentive Pilot Program
Status: in_force

A. With such funds as may be provided for such purpose pursuant to the general appropriation act, there is hereby established the Small Home-Based Child Care Provider Incentive Pilot Program whereby funds are provided to the Ready Region Chesapeake Bay lead to work in conjunction with public and private partners, including the U.S. Department of Defense, Early Childhood Navigators at the Department, local governing bodies, and nonprofit organizations with experience in supporting childcare providers to become licensed, to:

1. Cover the cost of hiring a Navigator focused on providing training and support to small home-based child care providers in the region, including weekend training sessions to provide information on first aid and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) certification, medication administration, safe sleep practices, emergency planning, recordkeeping, insurance, and compliance with relevant local ordinances; and

2. Provide incentive payments of $500 to any small home-based child care provider in the region:

a. That is not licensed or voluntarily registered when such home achieves voluntary registration pursuant to § 22.1-289.01 5;

b. That is voluntarily registered or otherwise unlicensed when such home achieves licensure pursuant to § 22.1-289.01 1; and

c. When such home first participates in the Virginia Quality Birth to Five (VQB5) system established pursuant to § 22.1-289.05 and meets the standards to qualify for subsidies under the Virginia Child Care Subsidy Program and the Military Child Care in Your Neighborhood-PLUS program.

B. The Ready Region Chesapeake Bay lead shall annually collect and make publicly available data on the number of small home-based child care providers in the region that (i) participated in the weekend trainings provided by the Navigator and (ii) received incentive payments for first achieving voluntary registration or licensure or participating in VQB5.

2025, c. 674 ; 2026, c. 917 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-354.5 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 20.1 / Section 22.1-354.5
Cooperation of other agencies
Status: in_force

All agencies of the Commonwealth shall cooperate with the Consortium and, upon request, assist the Consortium in the performance of its duties and responsibilities.

2000, cc. 105 , 302 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-131.1 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 9 / Article 1 / Section 22.1-131.1
Certain school board property; establishment of gun-free zone permitted
Status: in_force

Notwithstanding the provisions of § 15.2-915 , in addition to ensuring compliance with the federal Gun-Free School Zones Act of 1990, 18 U.S.C. § 922(q), any school board may deem any building or property that it owns or leases where employees of such school board are regularly present for the purpose of performing their official duties, outside of school zones, as that term is defined in 18 U.S.C. § 921, as a gun-free zone and may prohibit any individual from knowingly purchasing, possessing, transferring, carrying, storing, or transporting firearms, ammunition, or components or combination thereof while such individual is upon such property. Such prohibition shall not apply to (i) any law-enforcement officer; (ii) any retired law-enforcement officer qualified to carry firearms pursuant to subsection C of § 18.2-308.016 ; (iii) any individual who possesses an unloaded firearm that is in a closed container in or upon a motor vehicle or an unloaded shotgun or rifle in a firearms rack in or upon a motor vehicle; or (iv) any individual who has a valid concealed handgun permit and possesses a concealed handgun while in a motor vehicle in a parking lot, traffic circle, or other means of vehicular ingress to or egress from the school board property.

2021, Sp. Sess. I, c. 439 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-289.020 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 14.1 / Article 3 / Section 22.1-289.020
Issuance or refusal of license; notification; provisional and conditional licenses
Status: in_force

Upon completion of his investigation, the Superintendent shall issue an appropriate license to the applicant if (i) the applicant has made adequate provision for such activities, services, and facilities as are reasonably conducive to the welfare of the children over whom he may have control; (ii) at the time of initial application, the applicant has submitted an operating budget and at least one credit reference; (iii) he is, or the officers and agents of the applicant if it is an association, partnership, limited liability company, or corporation are, of good character and reputation; and (iv) the applicant and agents comply with the provisions of this chapter. Otherwise, the license shall be denied. Immediately upon taking final action, the Superintendent shall notify the applicant of such action.

Upon completion of the investigation for the renewal of a license, the Superintendent may issue a provisional license to any applicant if the applicant is temporarily unable to comply with all of the licensure requirements. The provisional license may be renewed, but the issuance of a provisional license and any renewals thereof shall be for no longer a period than six successive months. A copy of the provisional license shall be prominently displayed by the provider at each public entrance of the subject facility and shall be printed in a clear and legible size and style. In addition, the facility shall be required to prominently display next to the posted provisional license a notice that a description of specific violations of licensing standards to be corrected and the deadline for completion of such corrections is available for inspection at the facility and on the facility's website, if applicable.

At the discretion of the Superintendent, a conditional license may be issued to an applicant to operate a new facility in order to permit the applicant to demonstrate compliance with licensure requirements. Such conditional license may be renewed, but the issuance of a conditional license and any renewals thereof shall be for no longer a period than six successive months.

2020, cc. 860 , 861 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-289.041 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 14.1 / Article 5 / Section 22.1-289.041
Sex offender or child abuser prohibited from operating or residing in home in which home-based child care is provided; penalty
Status: in_force

It shall be unlawful for any person to operate home-based child care if he, or if he knows that any other person who resides in, is employed by, or volunteers in the home, has been convicted of a felony in violation of § 18.2-48 , 18.2-61 , 18.2-63 , 18.2-64.1 , 18.2-67.1 , 18.2-67.2 , 18.2-67.3 , 18.2-67.5 , 18.2-355 , 18.2-361 , 18.2-366 , 18.2-369 , 18.2-370 , 18.2-370.1 , 18.2-371.1 , or 18.2-374.1 , has been convicted of any offense that requires registration on the Sex Offender and Crimes Against Minors Registry pursuant to § 9.1-902 , or is the subject of a founded complaint of child abuse or neglect within or outside the Commonwealth. A violation of this section is punishable as a Class 1 misdemeanor.

2020, cc. 860 , 861 ; 2026, c. 917 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-116 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 8 / Article 5 / Section 22.1-116
How and by whom funds for school division kept and disbursed
Status: in_force

The treasurer or comparable officer of each county, city or part thereof constituting a school division or town, if the town constitutes the school division, shall be charged with the responsibility for the receipt, custody and disbursement of the funds of the school board and shall keep such funds in an account or accounts separate and distinct from all other funds.

Code 1950, §§ 22-132, 22-133; 1959, Ex. Sess., c. 79, § 1; 1960, c. 222; 1980, c. 559.
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-31 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 5 / Article 1 / Section 22.1-31
Oath
Status: in_force

Before entering upon the duties of office, each person appointed to a school board shall take and subscribe the oath prescribed for an officer of this Commonwealth as provided in Chapter 1 (§ 49-1 et seq.) of Title 49.

Code 1950, §§ 22-66, 22-91; 1980, c. 559.
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-299 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 15 / Article 2 / Section 22.1-299
(Effective until July 1, 2030) License required of teachers; provisional licenses; exceptions
Status: in_force

A. No teacher shall be regularly employed by a school board or paid from public funds unless such teacher holds a license or provisional license issued by the Board or a one-year local eligibility license issued by a school board pursuant to subsection N of § 22.1-298.1 .

B. Notwithstanding the provision in § 22.1-298.1 that the provisional license is limited to three years, the following exceptions shall apply:

1. If a teacher employed in the Commonwealth under a provisional license is activated or deployed for military service within a school year (July 1-June 30), an additional year shall be added to the teacher's provisional license for each school year or portion thereof during which the teacher is activated or deployed. The additional year shall be granted the year following the return of the teacher from deployment or activation.

2. The Board shall extend for at least one additional year, but for no more than two additional years, the three-year provisional license of a teacher upon receiving from the division superintendent (i) a recommendation for such extension and (ii) satisfactory performance evaluations for such teacher for each year during the original three-year provisional license that such teacher was actually employed and received a filed performance evaluation. Any individual issued a local eligibility license pursuant to subsection N of § 22.1-298.1 shall not be eligible for an extension of a provisional license.

3. The Board shall extend for at least one additional year, but for no more than two additional years, the three-year provisional license of a teacher employed in an accredited private elementary or secondary school or a school for students with disabilities that is licensed pursuant to Chapter 16 (§ 22.1-319 et seq.) upon receiving from the school administrator of such school (i) a recommendation for such extension and (ii) satisfactory performance evaluations for such teacher for each year of the original three-year provisional license.

C. In accordance with regulations prescribed by the Board, a person not meeting the requirements for a license or provisional license issued by the Board or for a one-year local eligibility license issued by a school board pursuant to subsection N of § 22.1-298.1 may be employed and paid from public funds by a school board temporarily as a substitute teacher to meet an emergency.

Code 1950, § 22-204; 1954, c. 638; 1958, c. 300; 1979, c. 532; 1980, c. 559; 1992, c. 132; 2000, c. 689 ; 2008, c. 51 ; 2013, cc. 588 , 650 ; 2018, cc. 748 , 749 ; 2020, cc. 172 , 639 ; 2023, cc. 748 , 800 ; 2024, c. 845 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-272.1:1 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 14 / Article 2 / Section 22.1-272.1:1
School-connected student overdose policies; parental notification; guidelines
Status: in_force

A. As used in this section:

"Overdose" means a life-threatening condition resulting from the consumption or use of a controlled substance.

"School-connected student overdose" means any overdose of a student enrolled in a public or private elementary or secondary school in the Commonwealth that occurs (i) on the premises of such school during regular school hours or (ii) during school-sanctioned activities whether on or off the premises of such school.

"Suspected school-connected student overdose" means a school-connected student overdose that is believed to have occurred and for which the response is the administration of naloxone, another opioid antagonist, or another similar medication with the intent to counter or temporarily reverse the effects of such overdose.

B. Each school principal or his designee shall notify the parent of each student enrolled in the relevant public elementary or secondary school within 24 hours of the earlier of (i) law enforcement or medical personnel confirming a school-connected student overdose or (ii) the school principal having knowledge of a suspected school-connected student overdose. The parental notification shall include information that is available at the time on (a) the name or any identifiable features of the controlled substance and (b) whether the confirmed or suspected overdose occurred on school premises during regular school hours or during school-sanctioned activities whether on or off school premises. The school principal or his designee shall use methods of communication for such parental notifications that are considered regular forms of communication for other schoolwide notifications. Within 24 hours after any parental notification made pursuant to this subsection, each school principal or his designee shall also provide a similar notification to the Department.

C. Each school principal or his designee shall issue an updated notification to the parent of each student in the relevant elementary or secondary school to correct any inaccuracy subsequently discovered after the initial notification made pursuant to subsection B.

D. Each principal, headmaster, or other chief administrator of each private elementary or secondary school in the Commonwealth or his designee shall notify the parent of each student enrolled in such school within 24 hours of the earlier of (i) law enforcement or medical personnel confirming a school-connected student overdose or (ii) the principal, headmaster, or other chief administrator having knowledge of a suspected school-connected student overdose. The parental notification shall include information that is available at the time on (a) the name or any identifiable features of the controlled substance and (b) whether the confirmed or suspected overdose occurred on school premises during regular school hours or during school-sanctioned activities whether on or off school premises. The principal, headmaster, or other chief administrator or his designee shall use methods of communication for such parental notifications that are considered regular forms of communication for other schoolwide notifications. Within 24 hours after any parental notification made pursuant to this subsection, each principal, headmaster, or other chief administrator or his designee shall also provide a similar notification to the Virginia Council for Private Education.

E. Each principal, headmaster, or other chief administrator or his designee shall issue an updated notification to the parent of each student enrolled in such school to correct any inaccuracy subsequently discovered after the initial notification made pursuant to subsection D.

F. The Board shall establish and maintain guidelines for school-connected student overdose response and parental notification policies to aid local school boards and private elementary or secondary schools in the implementation of such policies. The guidelines shall include (i) a model action plan for each school board and private elementary or secondary school to follow in responding to any school-connected student overdose, including, if applicable, communicating and coordinating with (a) the Department and (b) the applicable law-enforcement liaison or the local law-enforcement agency that, pursuant to § 22.1-280.2:3 , employs such school division's school resource officers; (ii) criteria for issuing parental notifications pursuant to subsections B through E to ensure sensitivity to the privacy interests of affected individuals and compliance with any applicable law, rules, or regulations relating to the disclosure and protection of a minor's personal, confidential, or otherwise sensitive information, including the federal Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (20 U.S.C. § 1232g) (FERPA) and related regulations; and (iii) guidance on (a) issuing parental notifications pursuant to subsections B through E in scenarios under which the facts or circumstances are unclear and (b) the division superintendent issuing divisionwide parental notifications of school-connected student overdoses when such notifications may be warranted, including a series of overdoses involving multiple students over a short period of time.

G. Each school board shall adopt, implement, and maintain policies consistent with subsections B and C and the guidelines developed by the Board pursuant to subsection F. Each private elementary or secondary school shall adopt, implement, and maintain policies consistent with subsections D and E and the guidelines developed by the Board pursuant to subsection F.

H. Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, each local school board, division superintendent, and public or private elementary or secondary school administrator or other employee shall take reasonable steps to protect the privacy and dignity of individuals involved in any confirmed or suspected school-connected student overdose.

2024, c. 843 ; 2025, cc. 576 , 583 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-98.2 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 8 / Article 1 / Section 22.1-98.2
Certain agreements; adjustment of state share for basic aid
Status: in_force

A. Any school board of a school division in which fewer than 1,100 students were included in average daily membership for the preceding school year, in a locality that has a local composite index of .6000 or greater, and has 65 percent or more of its local taxes coming from real estate taxes, as calculated by the Auditor of Public Accounts and reported annually to the Department, upon entering into certain cost-savings agreements with a contiguous school division for the consolidation or sharing of educational, administrative, or support services, shall receive the state share for basic aid computed on the basis of the composite index of local ability-to-pay of the contiguous school division, calculated annually.

The Board shall develop eligibility criteria for such cost-savings and service-sharing agreements and for the adjustment of the state share for basic aid, consistent with the appropriation act.

The Governor shall approve the adjustment to the state share prior to the disbursement of funds. The Department shall annually report to the Chairmen of the House Committee on Appropriations and Senate Committee on Finance and Appropriations the cost-savings agreements made and the adjusted state shares so approved.

B. The local school board receiving the adjusted state share shall not use the additional funds received to supplant local funds appropriated for education. The adjusted state share shall be used solely for educational purposes and shall not be used to reduce local operating expenditures for public education from the prior fiscal year. However, no school division shall be required to maintain a per pupil expenditure for operations that exceeds the per pupil expenditure in the prior fiscal year. The superintendent of the school division shall inform the Superintendent of the public education purpose for which these local funds shall be used.

C. Nothing in this section shall prohibit the Commonwealth from terminating or modifying any program or function under which distribution to a local school board has been made, and if so terminated or modified all obligations hereunder shall cease or be reduced in proportion with such modifications, as the case may be.

D. Except as provided in subsection C, such contractual agreements shall remain in effect until terminated by the relevant school divisions. If any such contractual agreements between the relevant school divisions terminate, the Commonwealth's obligation under this section shall cease.

E. This agreement and adjusted state payment shall be in lieu of any existing funds a locality receives from a Small School Division Assistance grant.

2004, c. 820 ; 2008, cc. 589 , 705 ; 2019, cc. 405 , 406 ; 2022, c. 355 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-181 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 12 / Article 1 / Section 22.1-181
Training program for school bus operators
Status: in_force

A. The Board shall promulgate regulations requiring persons applying for employment, and employed, to operate school buses to complete a training program developed by the Board.

B. For applicants not currently possessing a commercial driver's license, such regulations shall require (i) a minimum of 24 hours of classroom training administered pursuant to this section and (ii) six hours of behind-the-wheel training on a school bus that contains no pupil passengers. For applicants currently possessing a commercial driver's license, such regulations shall require (a) a minimum of four hours of classroom training administered pursuant to this section and (b) three hours of behind-the-wheel training on a school bus that contains no pupil passengers. Behind-the-wheel training shall be administered under the direct on-board supervision of a designated school bus driver trainer.

C. The training program developed by the Board:

1. Shall include in-person instruction on safety protocols for responding to adverse weather conditions, unsafe conditions during loading and unloading of students, students on the wrong bus, and other circumstances, as determined by the Board, where student safety is at risk;

2. May offer the option for an applicant for employment to complete all or any portion of the required hours of classroom training in a remote online format, as determined by the local school division, except as otherwise provided in subdivision 1; and

3. May offer the option for an applicant for employment to receive instruction in the Spanish language for all or any portion of the required hours of classroom training, as determined by the local school division.

Code 1950, § 22-276.3; 1977, c. 393; 1980, c. 559; 2018, cc. 203 , 389 ; 2019, c. 769 ; 2023, c. 156 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-57 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 5 / Article 6 / Section 22.1-57
Effective date for formation of board
Status: in_force

The effective date for the formation of any school division to which the provisions of this article are applicable and the school board thereof and the supervision and operation of the schools in the school division by such school board shall be as of the first day of July of a school year, and the school board or boards as then constituted in the school division shall cease to exist in such school division as of such effective date.

Code 1950, § 22-100.11; 1954, c. 391; 1956, c. 671; 1971, Ex. Sess., c. 161; 1980, c. 559.
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-124 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 8 / Article 6 / Section 22.1-124
Officers may not purchase warrants for less than face value
Status: in_force

It shall be unlawful for any county, municipal or state officer to acquire by purchase, directly or indirectly, at less than its face value any warrant or other evidence of indebtedness issued for any school purpose whatsoever by the governing body of any county, city or town or by any school board. Any violation of the provisions of this section shall be a Class 3 misdemeanor. Upon the conviction of any such officer of a violation of this section, his office shall be deemed vacant.

Code 1950, § 22-212; 1980, c. 559.
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-298.8 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 15 / Article 2 / Section 22.1-298.8
Public elementary and secondary school teachers; certain training activities; requirements and limitations; index
Status: in_force

A. As used in this section, "non-academic training activity" means any training activity in which any public elementary or secondary school teacher is required to participate that is not related to the teacher's instructional, academic, or curricular duties. "Non-academic training activity" does not include any requirement relating to licensure.

B. Notwithstanding any other provision of law:

1. No public elementary or secondary school teacher shall be required to participate more frequently than once within six months of employment with the applicable school board and once every five years thereafter in any non-academic training activity, provided, however, that participation in additional training relating to secure mandatory test violations as set forth in §§ 22.1-19.1 and 22.1-292.1 may be required upon the determination of the school board or division superintendent that such additional training is necessary to comply with federal or state law or to remediate misconduct. Each teacher who completes any such training shall sign a written attestation that the teacher has been trained in and understands the relevant subject matter.

2. The total frequency and duration of non-academic training activities in which each public elementary or secondary school teacher is required to participate pursuant to (i) state law or regulation or (ii) policy or regulation of the applicable school board shall not exceed 25 hours every five years.

C. The provisions of subsection B shall not apply to any non-academic training activity or other training activity in which any public school teacher is required to participate pursuant to federal law or regulation.

D. Any non-academic training activity in which a public elementary or secondary school teacher voluntarily participates shall not count toward the maximum number of hours of non-academic training activities in which a public elementary or secondary school teacher may be required to participate pursuant to subdivision B 2.

E. The Department shall establish and maintain an index of each training in which any public elementary and secondary school teacher in the Commonwealth is required to participate pursuant to state or federal law or regulation, including training required as a condition of licensure by the Department. Such index shall include information on the classification of teacher required to complete each training; the topic, length, and frequency of each training activity; and the total number of hours of training that each teacher is required to complete in a specific period of time. The Department shall review and update such index annually, when a training is added, or when an existing training on the index is changed in length or frequency to ensure that the information therein is accurate. The Department shall post such index in an easily and publicly accessible format and location on its website.

2023, c. 641 ; 2025, cc. 477 , 489 , 643 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-290.01 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 15 / Article 1 / Section 22.1-290.01
Virginia Teaching Scholarship Loan Program established; purpose; Board of Education to administer Program; eligibility requirements for scholarship and awards; collaboration and consultation with State Council of Higher Education; repayment of scholarship required
Status: in_force

A. With such funds as may be appropriated for this purpose and any gifts, donations, grants, bequests, and other funds that may be received on behalf of the Program by the Board of Education, there is hereby established the Virginia Teaching Scholarship Loan Program, hereinafter referred to as the "Program," to: (i) increase the number of teacher candidates pursuing careers in critical teacher shortage areas as defined in the Board of Education's Regulations Governing the Determination of Critical Teacher Shortage Areas; (ii) expand eligibility to teacher candidates, including graduate students and paraprofessionals from Virginia school divisions who are enrolled full-time or part-time in an approved teacher education program; (iii) increase the diversity of persons pursuing careers in teaching, including male teacher candidates enrolled in an elementary or middle school education program and minority teacher candidates enrolled in any teaching endorsement area; and (iv) increase the number of teacher candidates pursuing careers in career and technical education.

B. The Board of Education shall establish, in regulation, criteria for determining critical teacher shortage areas for awarding scholarships pursuant to this section. The criteria shall include such factors as the needs in teaching endorsement areas among the several school divisions of the Commonwealth, teacher shortages at the elementary and secondary grade levels, and teacher shortages in rural and urban regions of the Commonwealth.

C. The Program shall be administered by the Board of Education. The Board may promulgate such regulations as may be necessary for the implementation of the Program. The Board shall consult with the State Council of Higher Education in the implementation of the Program.

The Program shall consist of scholarships awarded annually to teacher candidates, including graduate students and paraprofessionals from Virginia school divisions at an accredited baccalaureate private institution of higher education in the Commonwealth or baccalaureate public institution of higher education in the Commonwealth, who (i) are enrolled full-time or part-time in an approved teacher education program or are participants in another approved teacher education program; (ii) have maintained a cumulative grade point average of at least 2.7 on a 4.0 scale or its equivalent; and (iii) are nominated for such scholarship by the institution where they are enrolled. In addition, the candidates must meet one or more of the following criteria: (a) be enrolled in a program leading to an endorsement in a critical shortage area as established by the Board of Education; (b) be a male teacher candidate in an elementary or middle school education program; (c) be a minority teacher candidate enrolled in any teacher endorsement area; or (d) be a student in an approved teacher education program leading to an endorsement in career and technical education.

D. Before any teaching scholarship is awarded in accordance with the provisions of this section, the scholarship recipient shall sign a promissory note agreeing (i) to pursue an approved teacher education program full-time or part-time at an accredited baccalaureate private institution of higher education in the Commonwealth or baccalaureate public institution of higher education in the Commonwealth or another approved teacher education program and (ii) upon graduation, to begin teaching in the public schools of the Commonwealth in a critical teaching shortage discipline or in a career and technical education discipline or, regardless of teaching discipline, in a school with a high concentration of students eligible for free or reduced lunch or in a rural or urban region of the Commonwealth with a teacher shortage.

Upon program completion, the scholarship recipient shall begin teaching in the public schools of the Commonwealth in the first full academic year after becoming eligible for a teaching license, and shall fulfill the teaching obligation in accordance with the promissory note by teaching continuously in Virginia for the same number of years that he was the beneficiary of such scholarship. Such scholarship recipient may fulfill the teaching obligation by accepting a teaching position (i) in one of the critical teacher shortage disciplines as established by the Board of Education; or (ii) in a career and technical education discipline; or (iii) regardless of teaching discipline, in a school with a high concentration of students eligible for free or reduced lunch; or (iv) in any discipline or at any grade level within a school division with a shortage of teachers, as defined in the Board of Education's Regulations Governing the Determination of Critical Teacher Shortage Areas; or (v) in a rural or urban region of the state with a teacher shortage.

E. The Board of Education may recover the total amount of funds awarded as a scholarship, or the appropriate proportion thereof, including any accrued interest, if the scholarship recipient fails to honor the teaching obligation.

F. There is hereby created in the Department of the Treasury a special nonreverting fund known as the Virginia Teaching Scholarship Loan Fund, hereinafter referred to as the "Fund." The Fund shall be established on the books of the Comptroller, and any moneys remaining in the Fund at the end of the biennium shall not revert to the general fund but shall remain in the Fund. The Fund shall consist of such moneys as may be appropriated for the Virginia Teaching Scholarship Loan Program and such gifts, donations, grants, bequests, and other funds as may be received on its behalf by the Board of Education. The Fund shall be used solely to fund the Virginia Teaching Scholarship Loan Program. Interest earned on such moneys shall remain in the Fund and be credited to it. Moneys in the Fund shall be used solely to award scholarships pursuant to the Virginia Teaching Scholarship Loan Program as provided in this section. Disbursements from the Fund for such scholarships shall be made by the State Treasurer on warrants issued by the Comptroller upon written request of the President of the Board of Education.

G. The Board of Education and the State Council of Higher Education shall make available to parents, students, teachers, high school counselors, and academic advisors and financial aid administrators at public and private institutions of higher education information concerning the Virginia Teacher Scholarship Loan Program, eligibility for the loans, and the terms and conditions under which such loans are awarded, in order that students interested in pursuing careers in the teaching profession may be advised of the availability of such financial assistance.

2001, c. 660 ; 2002, c. 889 ; 2007, c. 31 ; 2008, cc. 48 , 141 ; 2019, cc. 139 , 796 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-17.3 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 2 / Section 22.1-17.3
Identification of student internship programs
Status: in_force

The Board of Education, the Department of Labor and Industry, and the State Board for Community Colleges shall identify High School to Work Partnerships established pursuant to subsection D of § 22.1-227.1 and other student internship programs that may be eligible for exemptions from federal and state labor laws and regulations for which exemptions are available for student apprenticeship programs. The Board of Education, the Department of Labor and Industry, and the State Board for Community Colleges shall also establish procedures by which such exemptions may be obtained for such High School to Work Partnerships and other student internship programs.

1996, c. 150 ; 2018, cc. 142 , 388 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-221 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 13 / Article 2 / Section 22.1-221
Transportation of children with disabilities attending public or private special education programs
Status: in_force

A. Each disabled child enrolled in and attending a special education program provided by the school division pursuant to any of the provisions of § 22.1-216 or § 22.1-218 shall be entitled to transportation to and from such school or class at no cost if such transportation is necessary to enable such child to obtain the benefit of educational programs and opportunities.

B. A school board may, in lieu of providing transportation on an approved school bus, allot funds to pay the reasonable cost of special arrangement transportation. The Board of Education shall reimburse the school board sixty percent of such cost if funds therefor are available.

C. Costs for operating approved school buses which are equipped or used primarily for transporting children with disabilities shall be reimbursed according to the regulations promulgated by the Board of Education from such state funds as are appropriated for this purpose.

Code 1950, § 22-10.11; 1974, c. 480; 1975, cc. 464, 513; 1978, c. 386; 1980, c. 559; 1983, c. 521; 1994, c. 854 ; 1996, cc. 123 , 247 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-272 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 14 / Article 2 / Section 22.1-272
Contagious and infectious diseases
Status: in_force

Persons suffering with contagious or infectious disease shall be excluded from the public schools while in that condition.

Code 1950, § 22-249; 1968, c. 445; 1970, c. 526; 1973, c. 491; 1974, c. 160; 1977, c. 220; 1979, c. 262; 1980, c. 559.
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-287.01 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 14 / Article 5 / Section 22.1-287.01
Student information; release to federal government agencies
Status: in_force

Except as required by federal law or regulation, no member or employee of a local school board or the Department of Education shall transmit personally identifiable information, as that term is defined in the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (20 U.S.C. § 1232g) and related regulations, from a student's record to a federal government agency or an authorized representative of such agency.

2014, c. 322 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-280.4 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 14 / Article 3 / Section 22.1-280.4
School board action regarding destruction of property
Status: in_force

A school board may take action against a pupil or the pupil's parent for any actual loss, breakage, or destruction of or failure to return property, owned by or under the control of the school board, caused or committed by such pupil in pursuit of his studies. Such action may include seeking reimbursement from a pupil or the pupil's parent for any such loss, breakage, or destruction of or failure to return school property.

2001, cc. 688 , 820 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-350 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 20 / Section 22.1-350
Southwest Virginia Public Education Consortium created; region defined; governing board
Status: in_force

A. The Southwest Virginia Public Education Consortium is hereby established and shall be referred to in this chapter as the Consortium. For the purposes of this chapter and the work of the Consortium, "Southwest Virginia" shall include the Counties of Bland, Buchanan, Carroll, Dickenson, Grayson, Lee, Russell, Scott, Smyth, Tazewell, Washington, Wise, and Wythe, and the Cities of Bristol, Galax, and Norton. The governing board of the Consortium shall consist of the school superintendents of the named localities; the chancellor or his designee of the University of Virginia's College at Wise; the presidents or their designees of Emory and Henry College, Virginia Intermont College, Bluefield College, Mountain Empire Community College, Virginia Highlands Community College, Southwest Virginia Community College, and Wytheville Community College; and the Director of the Southwest Virginia Higher Education Center. The region's legislators shall serve as nonvoting, advisory members of the board.

B. Members of the board shall be reimbursed for their actual expenses incurred in the performance of their duties in the work of the Consortium, except that legislative members shall be reimbursed pursuant to § 30-19.16 . The board shall elect a chairman and a vice-chairman from among its members.

1992, c. 785; 1994, c. 276 ; 1999, cc. 424 , 437 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-268 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 14 / Article 1 / Section 22.1-268
Duty of attorneys for the Commonwealth to prosecute cases arising under article; jurisdiction of offenses
Status: in_force

It shall be the duty of the attorneys for the Commonwealth of the several counties and cities to prosecute all cases arising under this article. Juvenile and domestic relations district courts shall have exclusive original jurisdiction for the trial of such cases.

Code 1950, § 22-275.21; 1959, Ex. Sess., c. 72; 1980, c. 559.
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-148 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 10 / Section 22.1-148
Restrictions upon making loans; retirement of previous loans; waiting lists
Status: in_force

A. No loan from the Literary Fund shall exceed 100 percent of the cost of the building, addition thereto, and site for which such loan is made. No loan shall be made from the Literary Fund to aid in the erection of a building or addition that costs less than $500. Whenever a loan is made from the Literary Fund for the purpose of enlarging a building, any part of the proceeds of such loan may, in the discretion of the Board, be used to retire any previous loan or loans on such building although not matured at the time of such additional loan. The Board may refuse to make any loan from the Literary Fund to any school board that is in default in the payment of any part of the principal of any previous loan from the Literary Fund or which for the two years next preceding the loan has been more than six months in default in the payment of interest due on any loan from the Literary Fund.

B. Any school division that has an application for a Literary Fund loan for an approved school project pending before the Board shall not be denied or delayed in obtaining such loan solely for the reason that alternative financing had been obtained to begin or complete construction on such project.

C. Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection B, the Board may remove any project that has been inactive for at least five years from any project waiting list that it maintains.

Code 1950, § 22-111; 1980, c. 559; 1985, c. 226; 1994, c. 689 ; 2007, c. 121 ; 2022, Sp. Sess. I, c. 20 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-52 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 5 / Article 6 / Section 22.1-52
Application of article; single school board required
Status: in_force

The provisions of this article shall be applicable to each school division which is composed of less than one county or city or part or all of more than one county or city. The supervision of schools in each such school division shall be vested in a single school board.

Code 1950, § 22-100.1; 1954, c. 391; 1971, Ex. Sess., c. 161; 1980, c. 559.
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-274.5 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 14 / Article 2 / Section 22.1-274.5
Topical sunscreen
Status: in_force

Any public elementary or secondary school student may possess and use unscented topical sunscreen in its original packaging on a school bus, on school property, or at a school-sponsored event without a note or prescription from a licensed health care professional if the topical sunscreen is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for nonprescription use for the purpose of limiting damage to skin caused by exposure to ultraviolet light.

2020, c. 579 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-267 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 14 / Article 1 / Section 22.1-267
Proceedings against habitually absent child
Status: in_force

Any child permitted by any parent, guardian, or other person having control thereof to be habitually absent from school contrary to the provisions of this article may be proceeded against as a child in need of supervision as provided in Chapter 11 (§ 16.1-226 et seq.) of Title 16.1.

Code 1950, § 22-275.20; 1959, Ex. Sess., c. 72; 1976, c. 98; 1980, c. 559; 1990, c. 797; 1991, c. 295.
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-64 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 6 / Section 22.1-64
Oath of superintendent
Status: in_force

Every division superintendent, before entering upon the duties of office, shall take and subscribe the oath prescribed for an officer of this Commonwealth as provided in Chapter 1 (§ 49-1 et seq.) of Title 49 of this Code, and a certificate of the clerk of the court in which the oath is administered setting forth the qualification and its record shall be furnished the Superintendent of Public Instruction.

Code 1950, § 22-39; 1980, c. 559.
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-13 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 2 / Section 22.1-13
Meetings
Status: in_force

Meetings of the Board shall be held upon the call of the president or upon request of a majority of its members. The president shall give due notice to all the members of the time and place of all meetings. The place of meeting shall ordinarily be the office of the Superintendent of Public Instruction.

Code 1950, § 22-17; 1980, c. 559.
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-167.1 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 11 / Section 22.1-167.1
Refunding issues; pass-through of savings realized
Status: in_force

A. In the event the Authority refunds any bonds previously issued to finance the purchase of local school bonds, the Authority shall pass-through to the issuers of such local school bonds, an allocable share of any savings realized. Such pass-through shall be accomplished, at the option of the Authority, by means of a debt service reduction over the remaining term of the local school bonds, by a lump sum payment of the present value of such allocable share of the savings, or by such other method as the Authority shall determine to be in the mutual best interests of the issuers of the local school bonds and the Authority.

B. For the purposes of this section, "savings" means the net reduction in debt service, if any, to be realized by the Authority, after subtracting the total costs, expenses, and equity contributions associated with the refunding and with the pass-through of such savings to the issuers of the local school bonds and of any Authority funds transferred, or required to be transferred, by mandate of the General Assembly, other than to the issuers of the local school bonds.

Notwithstanding the provisions of this section, no savings shall be passed-through to the issuers of local school bonds for which an interest rate subsidy has been paid or which were issued at below market interest rates. The savings in connection with the refunding of bonds issued by the Authority and allocable to local school bonds for which an interest rate subsidy has been paid, to the extent such subsidy was paid from the Literary Fund, shall be transferred to the Literary Fund and used exclusively for Literary Fund loans to local school boards pursuant to Chapter 10 (§ 22.1-142 et seq.) of Title 22.1.

C. This section shall have no application if it conflicts with a preexisting trust indenture.

D. Whenever the Authority shall defease its bonds previously issued to finance the purchase of local school bonds, the Authority may, consistent with the provisions of this section respecting the return of savings to the issuers of the related local school bonds, designate to such issuers of local school bonds which issues, series and maturities with which interest rates shall be deemed by the Authority to have been paid. Immediately upon such designation, the local school bonds so designated shall likewise be deemed defeased and no longer outstanding, the same as if the defeasance had occurred in accordance with the provisions of § 15.2-2623 . Such defeasance shall not require any action by the issuer of the affected local school bonds, shall be effective immediately, and shall be duly noted on the records of the Authority which shall no longer have any right to payment with respect to the issues, series and maturities so deemed by the Authority to have been paid. The elected officials and financial officers of the affected locality are hereby authorized to execute and deliver such federal tax forms, certificates, and other documents as the Authority may request in connection with the defeasance of its local school bonds and the bonds of the Authority.

1994, c. 272 ; 2006, c. 223 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-4.2 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 1 / Section 22.1-4.2
Designation of race or ethnicity
Status: in_force

A. School board employees administering tests or other assessment instruments shall not require any public school students being tested to disclose their race or ethnicity on such tests.

Nothing in this subsection shall, however, prevent relevant school division personnel from obtaining such information from the students' permanent record and placing such information on such test or assessment instrument.

B. No student or his parent shall be required to disclose information related to the student's race or ethnicity unless (i) the student or his parent is given an option to designate "other" for the student's race or ethnicity or (ii) such disclosure is required by federal law.

2000, c. 273 ; 2018, c. 587 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-3 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 1 / Section 22.1-3
Persons to whom public schools shall be free
Status: in_force

A. The public schools in each school division shall be free to each person of school age who resides within the school division. Every person of school age shall be deemed to reside in a school division:

1. When the person is living with a natural parent or a parent by legal adoption;

2. When, in accordance with the provisions of § 22.1-360, the person is living with a noncustodial parent or other person standing in loco parentis, not solely for school purposes, pursuant to a Special Power of Attorney executed under 10 U.S.C. § 1044b by the custodial parent;

3. When the parents of such person are dead and the person is living with a person in loco parentis who actually resides within the school division;

4. When the parents of such person are unable to care for the person and the person is living, not solely for school purposes, with another person who resides in the school division and is (i) the court-appointed guardian, or has legal custody, of the person; (ii) acting in loco parentis pursuant to placement of the person for adoption by a person or entity authorized to do so under § 63.2-1200 ; or (iii) an adult relative providing temporary kinship care as that term is defined in § 63.2-100 . Local school divisions may require one or both parents and the relative providing kinship care to submit signed, notarized affidavits (a) explaining why the parents are unable to care for the person, (b) detailing the kinship care arrangement, and (c) agreeing that the kinship care provider or the parent will notify the school within 30 days of when the kinship care arrangement ends, as well as a power of attorney authorizing the adult relative to make educational decisions regarding the person. A school division may also require the parent or adult relative to obtain written verification from the local department of social services where the parent or parents live, or from both that department and the department of social services where the kinship provider lives, that the kinship arrangement serves a legitimate purpose that is in the best interest of the person other than school enrollment. With written consent from the parent or adult relative, for the purposes of expediting enrollment, a school division may obtain such written verification directly from the local department or departments of social services. The verification process shall be consistent with confidentiality provisions of Article 5 (§ 22.1-287 et seq.) of Chapter 14 of this title and Chapter 1 (§ 63.2-100 et seq.) of Title 63.2. If the kinship care arrangement lasts more than one year or the person transitions to a new kinship care arrangement, a school division may require continued verification directly from one or both departments of social services as to why the parents are unable to care for the person and that the kinship care arrangement serves a legitimate purpose other than school enrollment. In the event that a person in a kinship care arrangement moves into a different school division during the school year as a result of (1) safely returning home, (2) being emancipated pursuant to § 16.1-333 , or (3) transitioning to a new kinship care arrangement, the provisions of this subdivision shall continue to apply through the end of such school year. A local school division may enroll a person living with a relative in a kinship care arrangement that has not been verified by a local department of social services;

5. When the person is living in the school division not solely for school purposes, as an emancipated minor;

6. When all or any portion of the building in which such person resides (i) with another person as set forth in subdivisions 1 through 4 or (ii) as an emancipated minor as set forth in subdivision 5 is taxable by the locality in which the school division is located; or

7. When the person living in the school division is a homeless child or youth, as set forth in this subdivision, who lacks a fixed, regular, and adequate nighttime residence. Such persons shall include (i) children and youths, including unaccompanied youths who are not in the physical custody of their parents, who (a) are sharing the housing of other persons due to loss of housing, economic hardship, or a similar reason; are living in motels, hotels, trailer parks, or camping grounds due to lack of alternative adequate accommodations or in emergency or transitional shelters; or are abandoned in hospitals; (b) have a primary nighttime residence that is a public or private place not designed for, or ordinarily used as, a regular sleeping accommodation for human beings; or (c) are living in parked cars, parks, public spaces, abandoned buildings, substandard housing, bus or train stations, or similar settings; and (ii) migratory children, as defined in the federal Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965, P.L. 89-10, as amended, who are deemed homeless as they are living in circumstances set forth in clause (i).

School divisions shall comply with the requirements of Subtitle VII-B of the federal McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act, as amended (42 U.S.C. § 11431 et seq.), to ensure that homeless children and youths shall receive the educational services comparable to those offered to other public school students.

School divisions serving the students identified in this subdivision shall coordinate the identification and provision of services to such students with relevant local social services agencies and other agencies and programs providing services to such students, and with other school divisions as may be necessary to resolve interdivisional issues.

The Department shall develop and make available to each school board a resource document containing guidance and best practices for providing the necessary supports and services to such students, including guidance and best practices relating to (i) decisions regarding whether and when such a student should remain enrolled in a school in a previous school division of residence, (ii) wrap-around supports and services for such students that include the parents when they are available and specific wrap-around supports and services for such students who may have experienced additional trauma prior to becoming homeless, and (iii) any other means by which such students can be best served and protected, particularly those homeless children and youths who are at risk of becoming victims of human trafficking.

B. In the interest of providing educational continuity to the children of military personnel, no child of a person on active military duty:

1. Who is attending a school free of charge in accordance with this section shall be charged tuition by that school division upon such child's relocation to military housing located in another school division in the Commonwealth, pursuant to orders received by such child's parent to relocate to base housing. Such children shall be allowed to continue attending school in the school division they attended immediately prior to the relocation and shall not be charged tuition for attending such school;

2. Who is attending a school free of charge in accordance with this section shall be charged tuition by that school division upon such child's relocation pursuant to orders received by such child's parent to relocate to a new duty station or to be deployed. Such children shall be allowed to remain enrolled in the current school division free of tuition through the end of the school year; and

3. Who is eligible to attend school free of charge in accordance with this section shall be charged tuition by a school division that will be the child's school division of residence once his service member parent is relocated pursuant to orders received. Such a child shall be allowed to enroll in the school division of the child's intended residence if documentation is provided, at the time of enrollment, of military orders of the service member parent or an official letter from the service member's command indicating such relocation. Documentation indicating a permanent address within the school division shall be provided to the school division within 120 days of a child's enrollment or tuition may be charged, including tuition for the days since the child's enrollment in school. In the event that the child's service member parent is ordered to relocate before the 120th day following the child's enrollment, the school division shall not charge tuition. Students eligible to enroll in a school division pursuant to this subdivision may register, remotely or in-person, for courses and other academic programs and participate in the lottery process for charter schools and college partnership laboratory schools in the school division in which such student will reside at the same time and in the same manner as students who reside in the local school division. The assignment of the school such child will attend shall be determined by the local school division.

Such children as listed in subdivisions 1, 2, and 3 shall be counted in the average daily membership of the school division in which they are enrolled. Further, the school division in which such children are enrolled subsequent to their relocation to base housing shall not be responsible for providing for their transportation to and from school.

Code 1950, § 22-218; 1954, c. 638; 1958, c. 628; 1968, c. 178; 1972, c. 245; 1976, cc. 681, 713; 1978, c. 518; 1980, cc. 559, 576; 1981, cc. 341, 342; 1993, c. 903; 1997, c. 826 ; 1999, cc. 368 , 988 ; 2000, cc. 209 , 830 ; 2004, cc. 500 , 967 ; 2006, c. 188 ; 2012, cc. 29 , 103 , 476 , 507 ; 2013, c. 779 ; 2016, c. 388 ; 2018, cc. 394 , 594 ; 2019, cc. 62 , 404 , 586 ; 2024, cc. 303 , 370 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-175.5 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 11.1 / Section 22.1-175.5
Capital School Projects Fund
Status: in_force

A. The governing body of any locality which is awarded a grant pursuant to this chapter may authorize the local treasurer or fiscal officer, by ordinance or resolution, to create a separate escrow account upon the books of the locality, as described in this section. Upon the adoption of such ordinance or resolution, the treasurer of the locality shall place such grant awards into this account.

B. The escrow account shall be known as the "County/City/Town of _______________ Capital School Projects Fund." All principal deposited to such fund, together with all income from or attributable to the fund, shall be used solely for (i) construction, additions, renovations, including retrofitting and enlarging public school buildings, infrastructure, including technology infrastructure, and site acquisition for public school buildings and facilities or (ii) debt service payments, or a portion thereof, for any such projects completed in the previous ten years if so designated. No disbursement from the fund may be made except upon specific appropriation by the governing body in accordance with applicable law. If a locality establishes such a fund and designates any portion of the funds deposited therein to pay debt service for (i) any general obligation of the locality held by the Virginia Public School Authority or (ii) any Literary Fund loan, the locality shall obtain an opinion of bond counsel that designation of funds to pay debt service on obligations described in clauses (i) and (ii) hereof does not adversely impact the tax-exempt status of such obligations.

C. All grant awards deposited in the fund, including all income from or attributable to such fund, shall be deemed public funds of the locality and shall be subject to all limitations upon deposit and investment provided by general law, including, but not limited to, the Virginia Security for Public Deposits Act (§ 2.2-4400 et seq.). Income, dividends, distributions, and grants accruing to the fund shall be retained in such fund and shall be expended only in accordance with the terms of this section.

D. Nothing in this section shall be deemed or construed to authorize a school board or school division to receive, hold or invest funds in its own name, nor to expend funds in the absence of a specific appropriation by the governing body of the locality in accordance with applicable law.

1999, cc. 354 , 391 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-175.6 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 11.2 / Section 22.1-175.6
Virginia Public School Educational Technology Grants Program established
Status: in_force

With such funds as are appropriated for this purpose, the Virginia Public School Educational Technology Grants Program, hereinafter referred to as "the Program," is hereby established to provide grants to eligible school divisions for educational technology, including infrastructure, software, and hardware acquisitions and replacement, and innovative programs to advance the effectiveness of educational technology. The Program shall be administered by the Board of Education.

1999, c. 870 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-56 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 5 / Article 6 / Section 22.1-56
Transfer of title to school property; adjudication of ownership
Status: in_force

The title to all school property in the school division shall be vested in the division school board. The school board of every county or part thereof included in such school division and the city council or the school board, whichever holds title to the school property included in such school division, shall transfer title to the school property included in such school division to the division school board.

If, at the time a school division to which the provisions of this article are applicable is formed, the ownership of school property, real or personal, has not been determined or the title thereto is in question or there is a dispute as to the ownership or title, then such question of ownership or title may be determined before the formation of the school division either by a written agreement between the participating divisions with the approval of the respective governing bodies thereof or by any participating division petitioning a circuit court in the jurisdiction where the property or any part thereof lies to determine the title to the property, and such adjudication of ownership or title shall be conclusive thereafter.

Code 1950, § 22-100.7; 1954, c. 391; 1956, c. 671; 1971, Ex. Sess., c. 161; 1980, c. 559.
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-207.6 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 13 / Article 1 / Section 22.1-207.6
Military-connected students; National Math and Science Initiative
Status: in_force

The Department of Education shall encourage school boards of school divisions that have a significant number of enrolled military-connected students to partner with the National Math and Science Initiative to provide such students with the tools and resources necessary to advance science, technology, engineering, and mathematics learning opportunities and career readiness. The Department shall provide technical assistance to any school board seeking to enter into such a partnership, upon request.

2019, c. 772 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-379 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 27 / Article 6 / Section 22.1-379
Eligibility for extracurricular activities participation
Status: in_force

School divisions shall facilitate the opportunity for the participation of students in extracurricular activities, regardless of application deadlines, to the extent that such students are otherwise qualified.

2023, c. 783 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-280.2:1 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 14 / Article 3 / Section 22.1-280.2:1
Employment of school security officers
Status: in_force

Local school boards and private or religious schools may employ school security officers, as defined in § 9.1-101 , for the purposes set forth therein. Such school security officer may carry a firearm in the performance of his duties if (i) within 10 years immediately prior to being hired by the local school board or private or religious school he (a) was an active law-enforcement officer as defined in § 9.1-101 in the Commonwealth or (b) was employed by a law-enforcement agency of the United States or any state or political subdivision thereof and his duties were substantially similar to those of a law-enforcement officer as defined in § 9.1-101 ; (ii) he retired or resigned from his position as a law-enforcement officer in good standing; (iii) he meets the training and qualifications described in subsection C of § 18.2-308.01 6; (iv) he has provided proof of completion of a training course that includes training in critical incident preparedness and response, emergency evacuation procedure, and behavioral threat assessment to the Department of Criminal Justice Services pursuant to subdivision 42 of § 9.1-102 , provided that if he received such training from a local law-enforcement agency he received the training in the locality in which he is employed; (v) the local school board or private or religious school solicits input from the chief law-enforcement officer of the locality regarding the qualifications of the school security officer and receives verification from such chief law-enforcement officer that the school security officer is not prohibited by state or federal law from possessing, purchasing, or transporting a firearm; and (vi) the local school board or private or religious school grants him the authority to carry a firearm in the performance of his duties.

2002, cc. 836 , 868 ; 2017, c. 311 ; 2019, cc. 120 , 493 ; 2026, c. 503 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-212.1:2 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 13 / Article 1 / Section 22.1-212.1:2
Green schools program; education programs to promote waste reduction and resource efficiency
Status: in_force

A. To assist local school boards in the development and implementation of programs of instruction that comply with the provisions of subsection C of § 22.1-253.13:1 , specifically relating to citizenship and environmental issues and geography necessary for responsible participation in American society and the international community, the Board of Education may cooperate with environmental groups, other relevant state agencies, such as, but not limited to, the Department of Environmental Quality and the Department of Health, and other stakeholders in the development of a green schools program for Virginia. Any such green schools program shall focus on waste reduction through recycling and other mechanisms and educating students to help schools contain costs and to reduce waste production through resource efficiency.

B. In the development and implementation of any such program, the Board shall examine other states' green schools programs and shall receive input from parents, teachers, school administrators, school boards, business and industry leaders, and local governments. The Board shall also strive to identify businesses and other organizations that may provide support in the form of resources or funding for appropriate awards for any green schools program that may be implemented in the Commonwealth.

C. Nothing herein shall be construed to require the Board or any school board in the Commonwealth to implement a green school program or to imply or otherwise indicate that state or local funding is required to develop or implement any green school program.

2004, c. 882 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-184 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 12 / Article 1 / Section 22.1-184
School bus emergency drills
Status: in_force

At every public school having public school buses there shall be held, at least once during the first ninety calendar days of each school session and oftener if necessary, a drill in leaving school buses under emergency circumstances.

Code 1950, § 22-280.2; 1964, c. 174; 1980, c. 559.
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-35 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 5 / Article 2 / Section 22.1-35
School board selection commission
Status: in_force

In each county to which the provisions of this article are applicable there shall be a school board selection commission composed of three members appointed from the county at large or, upon the request of the county governing body, one member appointed from each election district of such county. Members shall be qualified voters, shall reside in the county and shall not be county or state officers. Members shall be appointed by the circuit court of the county within thirty days after the first day of July, 1950, and every four years thereafter. Any vacancy occurring other than by expiration of term shall be filled by the circuit court within thirty days after the vacancy occurs. Each member shall receive twenty-five dollars for each day actually engaged in the performance of duties as such member, to be paid out of the funds of the school board. No person regularly employed by the school board of the division shall be eligible to serve on or as clerk of such school board selection commission.

Code 1950, § 22-60; 1956, c. 365; 1959, Ex. Sess., c. 79, § 1; 1972, cc. 224, 665; 1973, c. 275; 1980, c. 559.
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-16.4 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 2 / Section 22.1-16.4
Nutrition and physical activity best practices database
Status: in_force

The Department of Education shall develop and maintain a nutrition and physical activity best practices database. The database shall contain the results of any wellness-related fitness testing done by local school divisions, as well as information on successful programs and policies implemented by local school divisions designed to improve nutrition and physical activity in the public schools. This information may include (i) a description of the program or policy, (ii) advice on implementation, (iii) any assessment of the program or policy, (iv) a contact person from the local school division, and (v) any other information the Department deems appropriate. The database shall be readily accessible to all local school divisions in the Commonwealth and the Department of Health. While the Board shall encourage local school divisions to submit information to the database, no school division shall be required to submit information.

2008, cc. 47 , 398 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-163 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 11 / Section 22.1-163
Authority created; public body corporate and agency of Commonwealth
Status: in_force

The Virginia Public School Authority is created as a public body corporate and an agency and instrumentality of the Commonwealth.

Code 1950, § 22-29.3; 1962, c. 194; 1980, c. 559; 1998, cc. 4 , 900 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-79.7 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 7 / Section 22.1-79.7
School meal policies; donations
Status: in_force

A. Each local school board shall adopt policies that:

1. Prohibit school board employees from requiring a student who cannot pay for a meal at school or who owes a school meal debt to throw away or discard a meal after it has been served to him, do chores or other work to pay for such meals, or wear a wristband or hand stamp;

2. Require school board employees to direct any communication relating to a school meal debt to the student's parent. Such policy may permit such communication to be made by a letter addressed to the parent to be sent home with the student;

3. Prohibit the school board from filing a lawsuit against a student or the student's parent because the student cannot pay for a meal at school or owes a school meal debt; and

4. Prohibit the school board or any school board employee from denying a student the opportunity to participate in any extracurricular school activity because the student cannot pay for a meal at school or owes a school meal debt.

B. Any school board may solicit and receive any donation or other funds for the purpose of eliminating or offsetting any school meal debt at any time and shall use any such funds solely for such purpose.

C. Each school board shall annually report to the Department the amount of school meal debt in the local school division. The Department shall annually aggregate and submit such reports to the General Assembly. No such report shall contain any personally identifiable student information.

2018, cc. 384 , 712 ; 2020, cc. 509 , 575 ; 2021, Sp. Sess. I, c. 106 ; 2022, c. 686 ; 2026, c. 54 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-289.08:2 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 14.1 / Article 1 / Section 22.1-289.08:2
Child Care Subsidy Program; categorical eligibility for certain families
Status: in_force

Any family that receives public assistance through Medicaid or the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children shall be deemed to categorically satisfy income eligibility requirements to receive assistance through the Child Care Subsidy Program.

2024, c. 286 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-289.058 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 14.1 / Article 8 / Section 22.1-289.058
Child day programs and certain other programs; carbon monoxide detectors
Status: in_force

Each building that was built before 2015 and that houses a child day program that is licensed pursuant to this chapter or any program described in subdivision A 4, B 1, or B 5 of § 22.1-289.030 that serves preschool-age children shall be equipped with at least one carbon monoxide detector.

2021, Sp. Sess. I, c. 165 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-3.4 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 1 / Section 22.1-3.4
Enrollment of certain children placed in foster care
Status: in_force

A. Whenever a student has been placed in foster care by a local social services agency and the placing social services agency is unable to produce any of the documents required for enrollment pursuant to § 22.1-3.1 , 22.1-270 , or 22.1-271.2 , the student shall immediately be enrolled; however, the person enrolling the student shall provide a written statement that, to the best of his knowledge, sets forth (i) the student's age, (ii) compliance with the requirements of § 22.1-3.2 , and (iii) that the student is in good health and is free from communicable or contagious disease.

B. The sending and receiving school divisions shall cooperate in facilitating the enrollment of any child placed in foster care across jurisdictional lines for the purpose of enhancing continuity of instruction. The child shall be allowed to continue to attend the school in which he was enrolled prior to the most recent foster care placement, upon the joint determination of the placing social services agency and the local school division that such attendance is in the best interest of the child.

C. In the event the student continues to attend the school in which he was enrolled prior to the most recent foster care placement, the receiving school division shall be accorded foster children education payments pursuant to § 22.1-101.1 ; further, the receiving school division may enter into financial arrangements with the sending school division pursuant to subsection C of § 22.1-5 . Under no circumstances shall a child placed in foster care be charged tuition regardless of whether such child is attending the school in which he was enrolled prior to the most recent foster care placement or attending a school in the receiving school division.

D. For the purposes of subsections A, B, and C:

"A child or student placed in foster care" means a pupil who is the subject of a foster care placement through an entrustment or commitment of such child to the local social services board or licensed child-placing agency pursuant to clause (ii) of the definition of "foster care placement" as set forth in § 63.2-100 .

For the purposes of this section:

"Receiving school division" means the school division in which the residence of the student's foster care placement is located.

"Sending school division" means the school division in which the student last attended school.

E. Notwithstanding the provisions of subsections A, B, and C or § 22.1-3 or 22.1-5 , no person of school age who is the subject of a foster care placement, as such term is defined in § 63.2-100 , shall be charged tuition.

F. The provisions of this section shall apply to any student who was in foster care upon reaching 18 years of age but who has not yet reached 22 years of age.

G. The provisions of this section, with the exception of the provision of subsection C that requires a receiving school division to be accorded foster children education payments pursuant to § 22.1-101.1 , shall apply to a student who has transitioned out of foster care and (i) whose custody has been transferred to the student's parent or prior legal guardian or (ii) who has been emancipated pursuant to § 16.1-333 .

2005, c. 343 ; 2011, c. 154 ; 2020, cc. 474 , 475 ; 2024, c. 303 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-150 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 10 / Section 22.1-150
Rate of interest
Status: in_force

The Board, in consultation with the Department of Treasury, shall establish loan interest rates that are benchmarked to a market index on an annual basis, not to exceed two percent per year for the localities with a school division composite index of local ability-to-pay between 0.0 and 0.299. The Board shall utilize a sliding scale based on the local school division's composite index of local ability-to-pay to determine the interest rate on each such loan. Every loan made under the provisions of this chapter by selling the bonds, notes, or other evidences of debt of school boards for investment of the trust funds of the Virginia Retirement System shall bear interest at a rate not to exceed the maximum interest rate per year as established by the Board.

Code 1950, § 22-112; 1954, c. 476; 1958, c. 162; 1980, c. 559; 2022, Sp. Sess. I, c. 20 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-289.05:2 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 14.1 / Article 1 / Section 22.1-289.05:2
Employee Child Care Assistance Program
Status: in_force

A. As used in this section:

"Eligible mixed delivery provider" means a child day center or family day home that has been selected or identified to deliver mixed delivery services through a local agreement with the relevant regional entity established pursuant to subsection D of § 22.1-289.05 .

"Employer" means an employer with at least one employee who works in the Commonwealth in each of 20 or more calendar weeks in the current or preceding calendar year.

"Small business" means an employer with fewer than 50 employees.

"The Foundation" means the Virginia Early Childhood Foundation.

"Third party administrator" means an entity approved by the Foundation to administer, receive, or distribute funds as part of the Employee Child Care Assistance Program established pursuant to this section. "Third party administrator" includes a Ready Region lead agency.

B. With such funds as may be appropriated for such purpose pursuant to the general appropriation act, the Employee Child Care Assistance Program (the Program) is established for the purpose of providing matching funds in order to incentivize employers to contribute to the child care costs of their employees. The Program shall be administered by the Foundation. The Foundation shall establish such guidelines and procedures as it deems necessary for the administration of the Program, subject to the following conditions and requirements:

1. To participate in the Program, an employer shall agree to make child care contributions to the eligible mixed delivery provider on behalf of the employee or to a third-party administrator and shall provide any other information deemed necessary by the Foundation;

2. To the extent funds are available, the Foundation shall issue a state match directly to a third-party administrator that has entered into an agreement with a participating employer pursuant to subdivision 1. The amount of such state match shall be set forth in the general appropriation act;

3. Program funds shall be provided on a first-come, first-served basis, provided, however, that the Foundation is encouraged to prioritize the award of funds to proposals involving contributions from small businesses;

4. The Foundation may combine the Program with or incorporate the Program into any other program or initiative related to the Mixed Delivery Program;

5. The eligibility requirements for the Program and the required family contribution for the Program shall be set forth in the general appropriation act. Flexibility shall be provided for securing additional payor contributions for slots, including contributions from philanthropic organizations, military organizations or programs, local government, or economic development agencies or programs; and

6. Any sums of money appropriated for the purposes set forth in this section that are unexpended as of June 30, 2027, and June 30, 2028, respectively, shall not revert to the general fund but shall be reappropriated and allotted for expenditure for the same purposes set forth in this section through June 30, 2030.

2026, cc. 545 , 546 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-376 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 27 / Article 5 / Section 22.1-376
Educational program placement
Status: in_force

School divisions shall initially honor placement of a student who transfers into the school division in educational programs based on current educational assessments conducted at the school in the sending state or the sending country or participation or placement in like programs in the sending state or the sending country. Such programs include gifted and talented programs and English as a second language programs. Nothing in this section shall be construed to preclude school divisions from performing subsequent evaluations to ensure appropriate placement of the student in educational programs.

2023, c. 783 ; 2025, c. 445 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-79.2 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 7 / Section 22.1-79.2
Uniforms in public schools; Board of Education guidelines
Status: in_force

A. The Board of Education shall develop model guidelines for local school boards to utilize when establishing requirements for pupils to wear uniforms. In developing these guidelines, the Board shall consider (i) ways to promote parental and community involvement, (ii) relevant state and federal constitutional concerns, such as freedom of religion and freedom of speech, and (iii) the ability of pupils to purchase such clothing.

B. Upon approval by the Board of the model guidelines, local school boards may establish requirements, consistent with the Board's guidelines, for the students enrolled in any of their schools to wear uniforms while in attendance at such school during the regular school day. No state funds may be used for the purchase of school uniforms.

1995, cc. 508 , 521 , 526 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-366 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 26 / Section 22.1-366
Compensation; expenses
Status: in_force

Members shall receive such compensation for the performance of their duties as provided in § 2.2-2813 . All members shall be reimbursed for all reasonable and necessary expenses incurred in the performance of their duties as provided in §§ 2.2-2813 and 2.2-2825 . Funding for the costs of compensation and expenses of the members shall be provided by the Office of the Secretary of Education.

2021, Sp. Sess. I, c. 291 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-220 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 13 / Article 2 / Section 22.1-220
Power of counties, cities, and towns to appropriate and expend funds for education of children with disabilities
Status: in_force

The governing body of any county, city or town is hereby authorized and empowered to appropriate and expend funds of the county, city or town in furtherance of the education of children with disabilities residing in such county, city or town who attend Wilson Workforce and Rehabilitation Center or public or private nonsectarian schools, or public or private nonsectarian child-day programs for children below the compulsory school attendance age, whether within or without the county, city or town and whether within or without the Commonwealth.

Code 1950, § 22-10.10; 1974, c. 480; 1980, c. 559; 1989, c. 106; 1994, cc. 376 , 854 ; 2015, c. 542 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-274.6 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 14 / Article 2 / Section 22.1-274.6
Seizure management and action plan; training
Status: in_force

A. The parent or guardian of a student with a diagnosed seizure disorder may submit to the local school division a seizure management and action plan developed by the student's treating physician for review by school division employees with whom the student has regular contact. The seizure management and action plan shall (i) identify the health care services the student may receive at school or while participating in a school activity, (ii) identify seizure-related medication prescribed to the student that must be administered in the event of a seizure, including those administered in compliance with subdivision H 2 of § 22.1-274.2 and subsection CC of § 54.1-3408 , (iii) evaluate the student's ability to manage and understand his seizure disorder, and (iv) be signed by the student's parent or guardian, the student's treating physician, and the school nurse. Each such seizure management and action plan shall state that (a) such plan is separate from any individualized education program (IEP) or § 504 Plan that is in place for the student and (b) nothing in such plan shall be construed to abrogate any provision of any IEP or § 504 Plan that is in place for the student.

B. Each local school division shall require all school nurses employed by the division to complete, on a biennial basis, a Board of Education-approved online course of instruction for school nurses regarding treating students with seizures and seizure disorders that includes information about seizure recognition and related first aid. Approved training programs shall be fully consistent with training programs and guidelines developed by the Epilepsy Foundation of America and any successor organization.

C. Each local school division shall require all employees whose duties include regular contact with students to complete, on a biennial basis, a Board of Education-approved online course of instruction for school employees regarding treating students with seizures and seizure disorders that includes information about seizure recognition and related first aid. Approved training programs shall be fully consistent with training programs and guidelines developed by the Epilepsy Foundation of America and any successor organization.

2021, Sp. Sess. I, c. 514 ; 2025, cc. 59 , 65 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-289.042 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 14.1 / Article 6 / Section 22.1-289.042
Establishment of toll-free telephone line for complaints; investigation on receipt of complaints
Status: in_force

With such funds as are appropriated for this purpose, the Superintendent shall establish a toll-free telephone line to respond to complaints regarding operations of child day programs or home-based child care systems. Upon receipt of a complaint concerning the operation of a child day program or home-based child care system, regardless of whether the program is subject to licensure, the Superintendent shall, for good cause shown, cause an investigation to be made, including on-site visits as he deems necessary, of the activities, services, records, and facilities. The child day program or home-based child care system shall afford the Superintendent reasonable opportunity to inspect all of the operator's activities, services, records, and facilities and to interview its agents and employees and any child within its control. Whenever a child day program or home-based child care system subject to inspection under this section is determined by the Superintendent to be in noncompliance with the provisions of this chapter or with regulations adopted pursuant to this chapter, the Superintendent shall give reasonable notice to the child day program or home-based child care system of the nature of its noncompliance and may thereafter take appropriate action as provided by law, including a suit to enjoin the operation of the child day program or home-based child care system.

2020, cc. 860 , 861 ; 2026, c. 917 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-135 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 9 / Article 2 / Section 22.1-135
Health and decency
Status: in_force

No public school shall be allowed in any building which is not in such condition and provided with such conveniences as are required by a due regard for decency and health.

Code 1950, §§ 22-97, 22-157; 1954, c. 291; 1959, Ex. Sess., c. 79, § 1; 1968, c. 501; 1971, Ex. Sess., c. 161; 1975, cc. 308, 328; 1978, c. 430; 1980, c. 559.
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-176 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 12 / Article 1 / Section 22.1-176
Transportation of pupils authorized; when fee may be charged; contributions; regulations of Board of Education
Status: in_force

A. School boards may provide for the transportation of pupils, but nothing herein contained shall be construed as requiring such transportation except as provided in § 22.1-221 .

B. When a school board provides transportation to pupils for extracurricular activities, other than those covered by an activity fund, which are sponsored by the pupils' school apart from the regular instructional program and which the pupils are not required to attend or participate in, the school board may accept contributions for such transportation or charge each pupil utilizing such transportation a reasonable fee not to exceed his pro rata share of the cost of providing such transportation. A school board may waive such fees for any pupil whose parent or guardian is financially unable to pay them.

C. When a school board provides transportation to pupils for field trips which are a part of the program of the pupils' school or are sponsored by such school, the school board may accept contributions for such transportation.

D. The Board of Education shall promulgate such regulations as shall be in the public interest to effect the intent of this section.

Code 1950, §§ 22-72.1, 22-97.1; 1954, c. 291; 1956, Ex. Sess., c. 60; 1959, Ex. Sess., c. 79, § 1; 1968, c. 501; 1970, c. 156; 1971, Ex. Sess., c. 161; 1972, c. 86; 1975, cc. 308, 328; 1976, c. 99; 1978, cc. 430, 527; 1980, c. 559.
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-23.4 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 3 / Section 22.1-23.4
Department; Farm to School Program Task Force
Status: in_force

A. As used in this section, "farm to school program" means any program (i) whereby public schools purchase and feature prominently in school meals locally produced food or (ii) that involves experiential student learning opportunities relating to local food and agriculture, including school and community garden programs and local farm visits.

B. The Department shall establish the Farm to School Program Task Force (the Task Force) for the purpose of increasing student access to high-quality farm to school programs throughout the Commonwealth. The Task Force shall consist of (i) one member of the Senate, to be appointed by the Senate Committee on Rules after consideration of the recommendation of the Chair of the Senate Committee on Education and Health; (ii) one member of the House of Delegates, to be appointed by the Speaker of the House of Delegates after consideration of the recommendation of the Chair of the House Committee on Education; (iii) at least four members to be appointed by the Department, of whom at least (a) one shall be a member of a school board, (b) one shall be a representative of the Department of General Services who is involved in procurement, (c) one shall be a representative of the Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, and (d) one shall be a farmer or producer in the Commonwealth who sells only the farm or agricultural products produced or grown by him; and (iv) such additional members as the Department deems necessary or appropriate.

C. The Task Force shall collaborate with local school boards, community-based organizations, farmers, relevant state and local agencies, and other relevant stakeholders to (i) assess existing farm to school programs within the Commonwealth to identify and disseminate to each local school board best practices for implementing and sustaining such programs, (ii) establish and distribute to each local school board a guidance document for the establishment and operation of school garden programs, (iii) provide information and resources to each local school board to assist it in leveraging grant funds to support farm to school programs, and (iv) collect such data and make such policy recommendations to local school boards, the Board, and the General Assembly as it deems appropriate.

2024, cc. 398 , 399 ; 2026, c. 684 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-67 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 6 / Section 22.1-67
Expenses of superintendents
Status: in_force

Each school board shall provide for the necessary traveling and office expenses of the division superintendent. Detailed records of all such expenses shall be kept by the division superintendent.

Code 1950, § 22-37; 1956, c. 633; 1964, c. 428; 1966, c. 601; 1968, c. 454; 1970, c. 691; 1972, c. 581; 1980, c. 559; 1985, c. 324; 1988, c. 95.
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-209.1:6 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 13 / Article 1 / Section 22.1-209.1:6
Repealed
Status: repealed

Repealed by Acts 2011, c. 216 , cl. 2.
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-243 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 13 / Article 6 / Section 22.1-243
Distribution of textbooks and other high-quality instructional materials; charges for loss or damage; consumable materials
Status: in_force

A. Each school board shall provide, free of charge, such textbooks and other high-quality instructional materials required for courses of instruction for each child attending public schools. However, a local school board may assess a reasonable fee or charge for damages or loss of school property when such property has been provided to students without charge.

B. Consumable materials such as workbooks, writing books, and drawing books may be purchased by school boards and either provided to students at no cost or sold to students at a retail price not to exceed seven percent added to the publisher's price. If sold, the local school board shall develop a policy ensuring that workbooks, writing books, and drawing books are furnished to students who are unable to afford them at a reduced price or free of charge.

C. Nothing in this section shall be construed to authorize a school board to charge fees to students for textbooks and other high-quality instructional materials or other materials used by a school board employee that are not directly used by a public school student.

Code 1950, § 22-305; 1980, c. 559; 2008, cc. 430 , 615 , 663 ; 2009, c. 81 ; 2010, c. 85 ; 2025, cc. 680 , 683 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-356 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 22 / Section 22.1-356
The Hampton Roads Museum Consortium created; region defined; governing board
Status: in_force

A. The Hampton Roads Museum Consortium is hereby established and shall hereinafter be referred to as the Consortium. For the purposes of this chapter and the work of the Consortium, "Hampton Roads" shall include the jurisdictions located within the boundaries of Planning District 23, including the Counties of Gloucester, Isle of Wight, James City, Southampton, and York; and the Cities of Chesapeake, Franklin, Hampton, Newport News, Norfolk, Poquoson, Portsmouth, Suffolk, Virginia Beach, and Williamsburg. The Consortium may consist of any or all accredited museums located within Hampton Roads that are not state agencies. Other museums and cultural facilities located in Hampton Roads may join the Consortium upon the approval of the governing board. The governing board of the Consortium shall consist of the chief executive officer of each of the member museums. The region's legislators may serve as nonvoting, advisory members to assist in the performance of the Consortium's duties.

B. No board members shall receive compensation or reimbursement for expenses incurred in the performance of their duties. The board shall elect a chairman and a vice-chairman from among its members and may provide such rules as it considers appropriate concerning its membership, quorum, and establishment of committees.

2001, c. 472 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-146.1 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 10 / Section 22.1-146.1
School modernization loan interest rate subsidy payments
Status: in_force

A. The Board of Education shall establish a program to subsidize interest payments on certain loans made by the Virginia Public School Authority to local governing bodies and school boards for the design and construction of new school buildings and facilities or the modernization and maintenance of existing school buildings and facilities as follows:

1. For school divisions with a composite index of local ability-to-pay that is greater than 0.2500 but less than 0.4000 at the time an application to the program is made, the Board may subsidize up to 50 percent of the interest due on such loan; or

2. For school divisions with a composite index of local ability-to-pay that is 0.2500 or less at the time an application to the program is made, the Board may subsidize up to 100 percent of the interest rate on such loan.

B. The aggregate amount of subsidies provided pursuant to this section shall not exceed the allocation specified in the general appropriation act for each fiscal year.

C. For each loan, the annual subsidy amount shall not include both:

1. Interest or other loan-related costs related to any part of the loan that exceed $7.5 million in loan value; and

2. Interest on any part of the loan that exceeds the rate that the local governing body or school board would have obtained for such loan under the provisions of §§ 22.1-146 and 22.1-150 .

2019, c. 807 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-287.03 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 14 / Article 5 / Section 22.1-287.03
Unique student identification numbers
Status: in_force

A. Neither the Department of Education nor any local school board shall require any student enrolled in a public elementary or secondary school or receiving home instruction pursuant to § 22.1-254.1 , or his parent, to provide the student's federal social security number.

B. The Department of Education shall develop a system of unique student identification numbers. Each local school board shall assign such a number to each student enrolled in a public elementary or secondary school. No student identification number shall include or be derived from the student's federal social security number. Each student shall retain his student identification number for as long as he is enrolled in a public elementary or secondary school in the Commonwealth.

2015, cc. 372 , 666 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-244 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 13 / Article 6 / Section 22.1-244
Repealed
Status: repealed

Repealed by Acts 2008, cc. 430 , 615 and 663 , cl. 2.
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-109 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 8 / Article 3 / Section 22.1-109
Federal funds apportioned to school divisions containing lands leased for flood control purposes
Status: in_force

All funds paid to the State Treasurer by the Secretary of the Treasury of the United States under the provisions of Section 5 of Public Law 526 of the 79th Congress, end session, shall be apportioned by the State Comptroller among the school divisions in which lands acquired by the United States for flood control purposes were leased, according to the amounts derived from each school division as stated by the Secretary of the Treasury of the United States.

Code 1950, § 22-119.1; 1952, Ex. Sess., c. 31; 1980, c. 559.
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-207.4:1 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 13 / Article 1 / Section 22.1-207.4:1
Participation in the Community Eligibility Provision
Status: in_force

A. As used in this section:

"Identified student" means any student who is directly certified for free meals through means other than the use of an individual household application.

"Identified student" includes (i) any student who is directly certified for free meals based on the student's participation in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) or Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) or based on Medicaid income data and (ii) any homeless, runaway, migrant, or Head Start student, or any foster child, who is approved as categorically eligible for free meals by means other than a meal application.

"Identified student percentage" means the fraction, expressed as a percentage, that results from dividing the number of identified students enrolled in a public elementary or secondary school by the total number of students enrolled in such school.

B. Each school board that governs a local school division that contains any public elementary or secondary school that has a minimum identified student percentage of 40 percent in the prior school year and is consequently eligible to participate in the Community Eligibility Provision (CEP) administered by the U.S. Department of Agriculture Food and Nutrition Service (FNS) shall apply to FNS to participate in CEP for each such school, pursuant to FNS guidelines, by submitting (i) identified student data to FNS by April 1, unless an extension is in effect and (ii) its completed application to FNS by June 30, unless an extension is in effect.

C. Nothing in this section shall be construed to prohibit any school board from grouping elementary or secondary schools in the local school division and applying to FNS to participate in CEP for such group of schools.

D. The Superintendent for Public Instruction shall issue a waiver to the requirement set forth in subsection B in the sole circumstance that an evaluation of a school or group of schools that is eligible to participate in CEP determines that participation in CEP is not financially viable to such school or group of schools. The Department of Education shall develop a process and criteria for considering such waivers, including a process and criteria for conducting such CEP evaluations.

2020, Sp. Sess. I, c. 2 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-237.5 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 13 / Article 5.1 / Section 22.1-237.5
College and Career Ready Virginia Program; incorporation of career and technical education coursework; work group
Status: in_force

A. In recognition of the fact that career and technical education is an essential element of workforce readiness in the Commonwealth, the Department and the System shall establish the Program career and technical education work group (the work group) for the purpose of developing and recommending a career and technical education program of coursework that is available to all qualified high school students as part of the Program.

B. The work group shall be composed of representatives from local school divisions from each of the eight Superintendent's regions, associate-degree-granting public institutions of higher education from each of the eight Superintendent's regions, Richard Bland College, the Office of the Secretary of Education, the State Council of Higher Education for Virginia, the Council of Independent Colleges in Virginia, the Virginia Office of Education Economics, and the Virginia Chamber of Commerce, as well as parents of public school students from each of the eight Superintendent's regions, a parent of a student who receives home instruction, and a representative from the Department with expertise in state and federal requirements for meeting the needs of students with disabilities.

C. The work group shall:

1. Review existing statutory requirements related to career and technical education, including § 23.1-2906.1 , and assess their relevance to qualified dual enrollment students;

2. Gather data sufficient to understand (i) what career and technical education courses and pathways are currently offered through dual enrollment to students; (ii) how the current dual enrollment course offerings differ across local school divisions; (iii) whether existing state funding programs that support career and technical education, including the Get Skilled, Get a Job, Give Back (G3) Program established pursuant to § 23.1-2911.2 , the New Economy Workforce Credential Grant Program established pursuant to Article 4.1 (§ 23.1-627.1 et seq.) of Chapter 6 of Title 23.1, and the FastForward Program established by the System, are available to dual enrollment students; (iv) the current availability of instructors who are qualified to teach dual enrollment career and technical education courses across local school divisions; (v) the current costs of dual enrollment in career and technical education courses for students across local school divisions; (vi) the current cost to comprehensive community colleges to provide career and technical education through dual enrollment; and (vii) the extent to which current dual enrollment career and technical education coursework meets industry needs across the Commonwealth; and

3. Develop recommendations for the Department and the System to incorporate career and technical education coursework into the Program. Such recommendations shall address (i) what career and technical education coursework shall be available through dual enrollment to qualified high school students through the Program; (ii) how to ensure that all qualified dual enrolled students can access career and technical courses available through the Program; (iii) how to ensure that such courses meet the industry needs of the Commonwealth; (iv) how to ensure that such courses are affordable for qualified high school students across the Commonwealth; (v) how to ensure that qualified instructors are available to teach career and technical education coursework through the Program; (vi) how to make career and technical education coursework offered through the Program available to qualified high school students through the Online Virginia Network; (vii) what measurable objectives and quantifiable goals the Department and the System should use to understand the cost, assess outcomes, and develop plans for continuous improvement of dual enrollment career and technical education coursework through the Program; and (viii) what legislative action is necessary to incorporate career and technical education coursework into the Program.

2024, cc. 647 , 684 ; 2026, cc. 806 , 807 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-367 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 26 / Section 22.1-367
Powers and duties of the Board; acceptance of gifts and grants; report
Status: in_force

A. The Board shall have the following powers and duties:

1. Create a unified vision regarding STEM education initiatives, language, and measures of success to promote a culture of collaboration for STEM programming in the Commonwealth.

2. Develop the infrastructure for creating STEM Regional Hubs and naming STEM Champions in communities across the Commonwealth to facilitate partnerships between organizations across regions and populations that will lead to increased cross-sector opportunities.

3. Advance and disseminate STEM curricular and professional development resources for formal and informal education.

4. Identify strategies to promote the participation of historically underrepresented students in STEM education. Such strategies shall include (i) identifying barriers to STEM participation for historically underrepresented students in elementary and secondary schools; (ii) developing recommendations for elective courses in secondary schools that expand hands-on STEM opportunities for all secondary school students; (iii) developing recommendations for elective courses in secondary schools that expand and promote hands-on STEM opportunities and STEM participation for historically underrepresented students; (iv) recommending changes to the Standards of Learning that promote the STEM-related contributions of historically underrepresented groups; and (v) collaborating with institutions of higher education and the private sector in the Commonwealth to educate students on and expand STEM pathways and opportunities in higher education, STEM careers, STEM internships, STEM fellowships, and other STEM enrichment programs.

5. Submit an annual report to the Governor and the General Assembly for publication as a report document as provided in the procedures of the Division of Legislative Automated Systems for the processing of legislative documents and reports. The chairman shall submit to the Governor and the General Assembly an annual executive summary of the interim activity and work of the Board no later than the first day of each regular session of the General Assembly. The executive summary shall be submitted for publication as a report document as provided in the procedures of the Division of Legislative Automated Systems for the processing of legislative documents and reports and shall be posted on the General Assembly's website.

B. The Board may apply for, accept, and expend gifts, grants, or donations from public or private sources to enable it to carry out its objectives.

2021, Sp. Sess. I, c. 291 ; 2024, c. 814 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-212.2:2 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 13 / Article 1 / Section 22.1-212.2:2
Educational technology foundations and public school foundations
Status: in_force

A. As used in this section:

"Educational technology" means any software, hardware, or other equipment or infrastructure or technical assistance or instruction in the use of such software, hardware or other equipment or infrastructure that may be required to implement a local school board's approved plan for educational technology or the Board of Education's comprehensive technology plan for Virginia described in § 22.1-253.13:6 .

"Educational technology foundation" means a nonstock, nonprofit corporation, established for the express purpose of implementing a public/private partnership to expand access to and improve the quality of educational technology in a school division.

"Public school foundation" means a nonstock, nonprofit corporation, established for the express purpose of implementing a public/private partnership to implement public school improvement projects approved by the local school board.

"Public school improvement project" means any project designed to achieve an educational purpose that may be identified in Title 22.1.

B. Any school board may establish educational technology and public school foundations. Such foundations may be established directly by the school board or by the school board and other organizations or persons, on behalf of the school board by a third party, or through a contract with a corporation as defined in this section. Such foundations may be established as a cooperative regional effort by two or more school boards.

C. Upon establishing or contracting with such nonstock, nonprofit corporation, whether or not other organizations, school boards or persons are involved, a school board shall:

1. Review and approve the articles of incorporation and bylaws;

2. Establish a system of accounting to protect public funds;

3. Establish agreement that, upon dissolution of such corporation, any assets remaining after payment of just debts shall be transferred to and become the property of the school board or, if a regional effort, the procedure by which the property may be divided among the school boards;

4. Require, in any instance in which the school board advances, contributes or loans funds to the corporation, that such contract shall provide for the posting of a bond with surety by the officers of such corporation conditioned to protect the rights of the school board;

5. Establish terms for the allocation of any profits or revenues between the school board and the corporation; and

6. Take such other steps as may be necessary to comply with applicable law.

D. A school board may (i) advance, contribute or loan funds to such foundations and (ii) establish an escrow fund for the purpose of funding various educational technology projects, in the case of an educational technology foundation, or public school improvement projects approved by the local school board, in the case of a public school foundation.

E. A school board that makes purchases through its public school foundation or purchases educational technology through its educational technology foundation, either as may be established pursuant to this section shall be exempt from the provisions of the Virginia Public Procurement Act (§ 2.2-4300 et seq.), as provided in subdivision A 12 of § 2.2-4343 , except, relative to such purchases, the school board shall comply with the provisions of § 2.2-4311 and §§ 2.2-4367 through 2.2-4377 .

1997, c. 863 ; 1999, cc. 456 , 735 ; 2005, cc. 331 , 450 ; 2011, c. 216 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-161.8 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 10.1 / Section 22.1-161.8
Bonds deemed negotiable instruments; sale of bonds by Trustees of Retirement System; bonds made legal investments
Status: in_force

Bonds issued under the provisions of this chapter and purchased by the Board of Trustees of the Virginia Retirement System shall be deemed negotiable instruments under the laws of this Commonwealth. The Board of Trustees may, in its discretion, sell any such bonds so purchased and held by it at such time or times as to it may seem desirable in the management of the funds under its control; and such bonds are hereby made securities in which all public officers and bodies of this Commonwealth, and all counties, cities and towns and municipal subdivisions, all insurance companies and associations, all savings banks and savings institutions, including savings and loan associations, trust companies, beneficial and benevolent associations, administrators, guardians, executors, trustees and other fiduciaries in this Commonwealth may properly and legally invest funds under their control.

1995, c. 250 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-279.7 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 14 / Article 3 / Section 22.1-279.7
Guidelines for student searches
Status: in_force

The Board of Education shall develop, in consultation with the Office of the Attorney General, guidelines for school boards for the conduct of student searches, including random locker searches, voluntary and mandatory drug testing, and strip searches, consistent with relevant state and federal laws and constitutional principles.

School boards shall adopt and revise, in accordance with the requirements of this section, regulations governing student searches that are consistent with the guidelines of the Board.

1998, c. 655 ; 1999, c. 650 ; 2000, c. 648 , § 22.1-277.01:2; 2001, cc. 688 , 820 ; 2003, c. 899 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-354.6 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 20.2 / Section 22.1-354.6
Northern Neck-Middle Peninsula Public Education Consortium created; region defined; governing board; membership; terms; compensation and expenses
Status: in_force

A. The Northern Neck-Middle Peninsula Public Education Consortium is hereby established as an independent local entity without political subdivision status and shall be referred to in this chapter as the Consortium. For the purposes of this chapter and the work of the Consortium, "Northern Neck-Middle Peninsula" includes the Counties of Essex, Gloucester, King and Queen, King George, King William, Lancaster, Mathews, Middlesex, Northumberland, Richmond, and Westmoreland. The governing board of the Consortium shall consist of the school superintendents of the named localities, the President of Rappahannock Community College or his designee, the Director of the Virginia Institute of Marine Science, and seven nonlegislative citizen members representing business, industry, and community interests in the region, four of whom shall be appointed by the Speaker of the House of Delegates and three of whom shall be appointed by the Senate Committee on Rules. The region's legislators, representing the Third, Fourth, Sixth, and Twenty-eighth Senatorial Districts and the Ninety-seventh, Ninety-eighth, and Ninety-ninth House Districts, shall serve as nonvoting advisory members of the board. Legislative members and members who serve by virtue of their office shall serve terms coincident with their terms of office. The nonlegislative citizen members shall serve terms of two years and may be reappointed for successive terms. The board may appoint additional nonvoting advisory members to assist in the performance of its duties. Vacancies occurring other than by expiration of a term shall be filled for the unexpired term. Vacancies shall be filled in the same manner as the original appointments.

B. No board members shall receive compensation or reimbursement for expenses incurred in the performance of their duties. The board shall elect a chairman and a vice-chairman from among its members and may provide such rules as it considers appropriate concerning its membership, quorum, and establishment of committees.

2000, c. 676 ; 2004, c. 1000 ; 2016, c. 147 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-209.1:10 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 13 / Article 1 / Section 22.1-209.1:10
Repealed
Status: repealed

Repealed by Acts 2004, c. 872 , cl. 2.
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-289.08:1 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 14.1 / Article 1 / Section 22.1-289.08:1
Child Care Subsidy Program Overpayment Fund
Status: in_force

There is hereby created in the state treasury a special nonreverting fund to be known as the Child Care Subsidy Program Overpayment Fund, referred to in this section as "the Fund." The Fund shall be established on the books of the Comptroller. All overpayment moneys collected or recovered by the Department or any state or local agency contracted to administer the Child Care Subsidy Program, net of any refunds due to the federal government, shall be paid into the state treasury and credited to the Fund, except as prohibited by federal law or regulation. Interest earned on moneys in the Fund shall remain in the Fund and be credited to it. Any moneys remaining in the Fund, including interest thereon, at the end of each fiscal year shall not revert to the general fund but shall remain in the Fund. Moneys in the Fund shall be used solely for the purpose of covering the cost of providing training and supports to early childhood care and education entities. Expenditures and disbursements from the Fund shall be made by the State Treasurer on warrants issued by the Comptroller upon written request signed by the Superintendent.

2022, c. 524 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-349.4 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 19.1 / Section 22.1-349.4
Contracts for college partnership laboratory schools; release from certain policies and regulations
Status: in_force

A. The contract between the college partnership laboratory school and the Board shall reflect all agreements regarding the release of the college partnership laboratory school from state regulations, consistent with the requirements of subsection C of § 22.1-349.3 . If the college partnership laboratory school application proposes a program to increase the educational opportunities for at-risk students, the Board may approve an Individual School Accreditation Plan for the evaluation of the performance of the school.

B. Any material revision of the terms of the contract may be made only with the approval of the Board and the governing board of the college partnership laboratory school.

2010, cc. 816 , 871 , § 23-299.3; 2016, c. 588 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-273.2 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 14 / Article 2 / Section 22.1-273.2
Parent educational information regarding eating disorders
Status: in_force

Each school board shall annually provide parent educational information regarding eating disorders for pupils in grades five through 12. Such information shall be consistent with guidelines set forth by the Department of Education.

2013, c. 715 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-299.8 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 15 / Article 2 / Section 22.1-299.8
Technical professional licenses; substitution of certain professional development activities for required coursework
Status: in_force

The Board shall permit any individual who seeks a technical professional license to substitute the successful completion of an intensive, job-embedded, three-year program of professional development for the nine semester hours of professional studies required for such license.

2020, c. 684 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-277.2:2 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 14 / Article 3 / Section 22.1-277.2:2
Alternative education program data
Status: in_force

The Department of Education shall annually collect from each school board and publish on its website data on alternative education programs for students who have been suspended, expelled, or otherwise precluded from attendance at school. Such data shall (i) be published in a manner that protects the identities of individual students; (ii) be disaggregated by local school division and by student race, ethnicity, gender, and disability; and (iii) include:

1. The number of students enrolled in alternative education programs pursuant to each of the five clauses set forth in subsection A of § 22.1-277.2:1 ;

2. The number of students enrolled in alternative education programs who have received (i) a short-term suspension, (ii) a long-term suspension, or (iii) an expulsion;

3. The current availability of various categories of alternative education programs available to all students and not solely special education students, including full-day programs with on-site, in-school teacher instruction; full-day programs with off-site, out-of-school teacher instruction; primarily virtual instruction; home-based or home-bound instruction; partial-day instruction; and any other category that the Department of Education may identify;

4. The average length of enrollment in an alternative education program per program during each school year;

5. The number of students who transition within the same school year from an alternative education program back into the school at which they were enrolled immediately preceding enrollment in the alternative education program; and

6. Relevant student achievement data, as determined by the Department of Education.

2019, cc. 123 , 232 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-97 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 8 / Article 1 / Section 22.1-97
Calculation and reporting of required local expenditures; procedure if locality fails to appropriate sufficient educational funds
Status: in_force

A. The Department of Education shall collect annually the data necessary to make calculations and reports required by this subsection.

At the beginning of each school year, the Department shall make calculations to ensure that each school division has appropriated sufficient funds to support its estimated required local expenditure for providing an educational program meeting the prescribed Standards of Quality, required by Article VIII of the Constitution of Virginia and Chapter 13.2 (§ 22.1-253.13:1 et seq.) of this title. At the conclusion of the school year, the Department shall make calculations to verify whether the locality has provided the required expenditure, based on average daily membership as of March 31 of the relevant school year.

The Department shall report annually to the House Committees on Education and Appropriations and the Senate Committees on Finance and Appropriations and on Education and Health the results of such calculations and the degree to which each school division has met, failed to meet, or surpassed its required expenditure.

The Joint Legislative Audit and Review Commission shall report annually to the House Committees on Education and Appropriations and the Senate Committees on Finance and Appropriations and on Education and Health the state expenditure provided each locality for an educational program meeting the Standards of Quality.

The Department and the Joint Legislative Audit and Review Commission shall coordinate to ensure that their respective reports are based upon comparable data and are delivered together, or as closely following one another as practicable, to the appropriate standing committees.

B. Whenever such calculations indicate that the governing body of a county, city or town fails or refuses to appropriate funds sufficient to provide that portion of the cost apportioned to such county, city or town by law for maintaining an educational program meeting the Standards of Quality, the Board of Education shall notify the Attorney General of such failure or refusal in writing signed by the president of the Board. Upon receipt of such notification, it shall be the duty of the Attorney General to file in the circuit court for the county, city or town a petition for a writ of mandamus directing and requiring such governing body to make forthwith such appropriation as is required by law.

The petition shall be in the name of the Board of Education, and the governing body shall be made a party defendant thereto. The court may, in its discretion, cause such other officers or persons to be made parties defendant as it may deem proper. The court may make such order as may be appropriate respecting the employment and compensation of an attorney or attorneys for any party defendant not otherwise represented by counsel. The petition shall be given first priority on the docket of such court and shall be heard expeditiously in accordance with the procedures prescribed in Article 2 (§ 8.01-644 et seq.) of Chapter 25 of Title 8.01 and the writ of mandamus shall be awarded or denied according to the law and facts of the case and with or without costs, as the court may determine. The order of the court shall be final upon entry. Any appeal therefrom shall be heard and disposed of promptly by the Court of Appeals.

Code 1950, § 22-21.2; 1971, Ex. Sess., c. 160; 1980, c. 559; 2003, c. 948 ; 2021, Sp. Sess. I, c. 489 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-364 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 26 / Section 22.1-364
The Virginia STEM Education Advisory Board; purpose
Status: in_force

The Virginia Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) Education Advisory Board (the Board) is established as an advisory board, within the meaning of § 2.2-2100 , in the executive branch of state government. The purpose of the Board is to advise the Governor, Cabinet members, and the General Assembly on strategies to align STEM education efforts and report STEM education challenges, goals, and successes across the Commonwealth.

2021, Sp. Sess. I, c. 291 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-380 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 27 / Article 7 / Section 22.1-380
Graduation; waivers and exit exams
Status: in_force

In order to facilitate the on-time graduation of students, school division administrative officials shall incorporate the following procedures:

1. School division administrative officials shall waive specific courses required for graduation if similar coursework has been satisfactorily completed in a local education agency in a sending state or a foreign education agency in a sending country or shall provide reasonable justification for denial of such waiver. Should a waiver not be granted to a student who would qualify to graduate in a sending state or a sending country, the school division shall provide an alternative means of acquiring required coursework so that graduation may occur on time; and

2. School division administrative officials shall accept, in lieu of testing requirements for graduation in the Commonwealth, (i) exit or end-of-course exams required for graduation from the sending state or a sending country, (ii) national norm-referenced achievement tests, or (iii) alternative testing acceptable in the Commonwealth.

2023, c. 783 ; 2025, c. 445 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-351 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 20 / Section 22.1-351
Functions and duties
Status: in_force

The Consortium shall perform the following functions and duties:

1. Coordinate with those educational institutions and agencies in the Commonwealth and surrounding areas to develop joint educational initiatives;

2. Promote and establish, in conjunction with the Department of Education and the region's public school divisions, regional programs to address area educational needs;

3. Coordinate the development and sharing of programs, educational techniques, and resources among and between the region's school divisions and institutions of higher education to enhance the educational opportunities for students and teachers in Southwest Virginia; and

4. Provide technical assistance to school divisions throughout the Commonwealth for the implementation of effective educational programs.

1992, c. 785.
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-73 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 7 / Section 22.1-73
Quorum
Status: in_force

At any meeting of a school board a majority of such board shall constitute a quorum.

Code 1950, § 22-51; 1980, c. 559.
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-289.033 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 14.1 / Article 4 / Section 22.1-289.033
Inspection of unlicensed child care operations; inspection warrant
Status: in_force

In order to perform his duties under this chapter, the Superintendent may enter and inspect any unlicensed child care operation with the consent of the owner or person in charge, or pursuant to a warrant. Administrative search warrants for inspections of child care operations, based upon a petition demonstrating probable cause and supported by an affidavit, may be issued ex parte by any judge having authority to issue criminal warrants whose territorial jurisdiction includes the child care operation to be inspected, if he is satisfied from the petition and affidavit that there is reasonable and probable cause for the inspection. The affidavit shall contain either a statement that consent to inspect has been sought and refused, or that facts and circumstances exist reasonably justifying the failure to seek such consent. Such facts may include, without limitation, past refusals to permit inspection or facts establishing reason to believe that seeking consent would provide an opportunity to conceal violations of statutes or regulations. Probable cause may be demonstrated by an affidavit showing probable cause to believe that the child care operation is in violation of any provision of this chapter or any regulation adopted pursuant to this chapter, or upon a showing that the inspection is to be made pursuant to a reasonable administrative plan for the administration of this chapter. The inspection of a child care operation that has been the subject of a complaint pursuant to § 22.1-289.042 shall have preeminent priority over any other inspections of child care operations to be made by the Superintendent unless the complaint on its face or in the context of information known to the Superintendent discloses that the complaint has been brought to harass, to retaliate, or otherwise to achieve an improper purpose, and that the improper purpose casts serious doubt on the veracity of the complaint. After issuing a warrant under this section, the judge shall file the affidavit in the manner prescribed by § 19.2-54 . Such warrant shall be executed and returned to the clerk of the circuit court of the city or county wherein the inspection was made.

2020, cc. 860 , 861 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-47.2 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 5 / Article 4.1 / Section 22.1-47.2
Petitions for a referendum on direct election of school board members
Status: in_force

Petitions circulated pursuant to § 22.1-57.2 or 22.1-57.4 may be circulated for a period not to exceed one calendar year. If the period from the date of the earliest signature to the latest signature exceeds one calendar year, all signatures shall be invalid.

At the time the petitions are filed, the petitions shall contain the required number of signatures of voters who are currently registered to vote in the county.

Persons signing petitions for a referendum to be held at the November general election shall date their signatures on the petitions.

1993, c. 88; 2022, c. 355 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-289.011 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 14.1 / Article 3 / Section 22.1-289.011
Licenses required; issuance, expiration, and renewal; maximum number of participants or children; posting of licenses
Status: in_force

A. As used in this section, "person" means any individual; corporation; partnership; association; limited liability company; local government; state agency, including any department, institution, authority, instrumentality, board, or other administrative agency of the Commonwealth; or other legal or commercial entity that operates or maintains a child day program or home-based child care system.

B. Every person who constitutes, or who operates or maintains, a child day program or home-based child care system shall obtain the appropriate license from the Superintendent, which may be renewed. The Superintendent, upon request, shall consult with, advise, and assist any person interested in securing and maintaining any such license. Each application for a license shall be made to the Superintendent, in such form as he may prescribe. It shall contain the name and address of the applicant and, if the applicant is an association, partnership, limited liability company, or corporation, the names and addresses of its officers and agents. The application shall also contain a description of the activities proposed to be engaged in and the facilities and services to be employed, together with other pertinent information as the Superintendent may require.

C. The licenses shall be issued on forms prescribed by the Superintendent. Any two or more licenses may be issued for concurrent operation of more than one child day program or home-based child care system, but each license shall be issued upon a separate form. Each license for home-based child care or a home-based child care system and renewals thereof may be issued for periods of up to three successive years, unless sooner revoked or surrendered. Licenses issued to child day centers under this chapter shall have a duration of two years from date of issuance.

D. The Superintendent may extend or shorten the duration of licensure periods for a child day program or home-based child care system whenever, in his sole discretion, it is administratively necessary to redistribute the workload for greater efficiency in staff utilization.

E. Each license shall indicate the maximum number of persons who may be cared for in the child day program or home-based child care system for which it is issued.

F. The license and any other documents required by the Superintendent shall be posted in a conspicuous place on the licensed premises.

G. Every person issued a license that has not been suspended or revoked shall renew such license prior to its expiration.

2020, cc. 860 , 861 ; 2026, c. 917 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-94 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 8 / Article 1 / Section 22.1-94
Appropriations by county, city or town governing body for public schools
Status: in_force

A governing body may make appropriations to a school board from the funds derived from local levies and from any other funds available, for operation, capital outlay and debt service in the public schools. Such appropriations shall be not less than the cost apportioned to the governing body for maintaining an educational program meeting the standards of quality for the several school divisions prescribed as provided by law. The amount appropriated by the governing body for public schools shall relate to its total only or to such major classifications prescribed by the Board of Education pursuant to § 22.1-115 . The appropriations may be made on the same periodic basis as the governing body makes appropriations to other departments and agencies.

Code 1950, § 22-127; 1956, Ex. Sess., c. 67; 1959, Ex. Sess., c. 79, § 1; 1968, c. 614; 1971, Ex. Sess., c. 162; 1975, c. 443; 1978, c. 551; 1980, c. 559; 1989, c. 94.
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-237.1 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 13 / Article 5.1 / Section 22.1-237.1
Definitions
Status: in_force

As used in this article, unless the context requires a different meaning:

"Associate-degree-granting public institution of higher education," "baccalaureate public institution of higher education," "comprehensive community college," "Council," "public institution of higher education," and "System" have the same meanings as provided in § 23.1-100 .

"Career and technical education" has the same meaning as provided in § 23.1-2900 .

"Fund" means the College and Career Ready Virginia Fund.

"Program" means the College and Career Ready Virginia Program.

"Qualified high school student" means a student who is eligible to participate in the Program in accordance with subdivision 3 of § 22.1-237.4 .

2024, cc. 647 , 684 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-299.2 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 15 / Article 2 / Section 22.1-299.2
National Teacher Certification Incentive Reward Program and Fund
Status: in_force

A. From such funds as may be appropriated for such purpose and from such gifts, donations, grants, bequests, and other funds as may be received on its behalf, there is hereby established the National Teacher Certification Incentive Reward Program (the "Program"), to be administered by the Board of Education, and a special nonreverting fund within the state treasury known as the National Teacher Certification Incentive Reward Program Fund (the "Fund"). The Fund shall be established on the books of the Comptroller, and any moneys remaining in the Fund at the end of the biennium shall not revert to the general fund but shall remain in the Fund. Interest earned on such funds shall remain in the Fund and be credited to it.

The State Treasurer shall manage the Fund, subject to the authority of the Board of Education to provide for its disbursement. The Fund shall be disbursed to award incentive grants to public school teachers obtaining national certification from the National Board for Professional Teaching Standards.

To the extent funds are available in the Fund, teachers who obtain national certification shall receive an initial state-funded award of $5,000 and a subsequent award of $2,500 each year for the life of the certificate. Such awards shall continue to be paid upon renewal of the certificate. The Board shall establish procedures for determining amounts of awards if the moneys in the Fund are not sufficient to award each eligible teacher the appropriate award amount.

B. The Board may issue guidelines governing the Program as it deems necessary and appropriate.

1999, cc. 1030 , 1032 , 1037 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-348 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 19 / Section 22.1-348
Persons eligible; fees; educational programs to be provided; admissions procedures
Status: in_force

A. Persons from birth through age 21 shall be eligible for educational services provided by the school. The Department of Education shall be entitled to deduct annually from the locality's share for the education of pupils with disabilities a sum equal to the actual local expenditure per pupil in support of those students placed by the relevant local school division in the Virginia School for the Deaf and the Blind. The amount of the actual transfers shall be based on data accumulated during the prior school year. Fees for student activities may be charged at the Board's discretion.

B. From such funds as may be appropriated, the Virginia School for the Deaf and the Blind shall provide an educational program for children in preschool through grade twelve who are deaf, blind, or who may have sensory impairments and other disabilities, including intellectual disabilities.

The Board, from time to time, may approve additional programs as may be appropriate.

C. The Board shall prescribe procedures and criteria for determining admission to and the appropriate placement in the Virginia School for the Deaf and the Blind. The appropriateness of the placement of each student attending the school shall be reviewed at least annually.

1984, c. 413; 1993, c. 2; 1994, c. 259 ; 1999, cc. 427 , 428 ; 2000, c. 285 ; 2009, c. 210 ; 2010, c. 666 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-47.4 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 5 / Article 4.1 / Section 22.1-47.4
Benefits, expenses, and reimbursements for the school board members of certain county
Status: in_force

An elected school board of a school division comprised of a county having the county manager plan of government may, in accordance with the procedures applicable to the setting of its salary, grant itself fringe benefits, expenses, and reimbursements, or any of them, as it deems appropriate, and in the manner and form as such fringe benefits, expenses, and reimbursements are provided for school board employees. Such school board serving a county having the county manager plan of government whose membership totals five may establish such fringe benefits, expenses, and reimbursements by July 1 in any year in which two of the five members are to be elected. Any such fringe benefits, expenses, and reimbursements shall become effective on January 1 of the following year.

2004, c. 532 ; 2006, c. 126 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-170 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 11 / Section 22.1-170
Repayments to Literary Fund
Status: in_force

All assets heretofore or hereafter transferred to the Authority from the Literary Fund pursuant to § 22.1-175 shall remain assets of the Literary Fund and shall be repaid to the Literary Fund pursuant to this section but, until so repaid, may be used for all purposes by the Authority to the same extent as if such assets were the sole property of the Authority.

On or before January 10 in each year the Authority shall set aside and repay to the Literary Fund an amount equal to the excess of the principal and interest collected by the Authority in the preceding year on account of obligations transferred to the Authority from the Literary Fund over such portion of such principal and interest as shall have been pledged by any trust indenture or resolution authorizing bonds of the Authority.

The principal collected by the Authority on account of obligations transferred to the Authority from the Literary Fund shall remain part of the principal of the Literary Fund subject to the provisions of Article VIII, Section 8 of the Constitution of Virginia and of this chapter, and the interest collected by the Authority on account of such obligations shall be deemed to be interest on the Literary Fund subject to the provisions of Article VIII, Section 8 of the Constitution of Virginia and of this chapter; provided, however, that any such collected principal and interest pledged by any trust indenture or resolution authorizing bonds of the Authority shall continue to be held by the Authority until no longer so required by the terms of such trust indenture or resolution; and further provided that, on the next succeeding tenth day of January, any amount of such collected principal and interest no longer required to be held by the Authority shall be set aside and repaid to the Literary Fund as if it had been collected at the time it became no longer required to be held.

Code 1950, § 22-29.10; 1962, c. 194; 1964, c. 146; 1971, Ex. Sess., cc. 1, 241; 1980, c. 559.
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-47.1 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 5 / Article 4.1 / Section 22.1-47.1
Applicability
Status: in_force

The provisions of Article 7 (§ 22.1-57.1 et seq.) of this chapter shall be applicable, except as otherwise specifically provided in this article, to any school division comprised of a county having the county manager plan of government.

1993, c. 88.
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-289.057 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 14.1 / Article 8 / Section 22.1-289.057
Child day programs and certain other programs; potable water; lead testing
Status: in_force

A. Each child day program that is licensed pursuant to this chapter and any program described in subdivision A 4, B 1, or B 5 of § 22.1-289.030 that serves preschool-age children shall develop and implement a plan to test potable water from sources identified by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency as high priority, including bubbler-style and cooler-style drinking fountains, kitchen taps, classroom combination sinks and drinking fountains, home economics room sinks, teacher's lounge sinks, nurse's office sinks, classroom sinks in special education classrooms, and sinks known to be or visibly used for consumption.

B. The plan established pursuant to subsection A and the results of each test conducted pursuant to such plan shall be submitted to and reviewed by the Commissioner and the Department of Health's Office of Drinking Water.

C. If the results of any test conducted in accordance with the plan established pursuant to subsection A indicate a level of lead in the potable water that is at or above 15 parts per billion, the program shall remediate the level of lead in the potable water to below 15 parts per billion and confirm such remediation by retesting the water. The results of the retests shall be submitted to and reviewed by the Commissioner and the Department of Health's Office of Drinking Water.

D. Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection A or C, a child day program that is licensed pursuant to this chapter and any program described in subdivision A 4, B 1, or B 5 of § 22.1-289.030 may, in lieu of developing and implementing a plan to test potable water or of remediation, use for human consumption, as defined by § 32.1-167 , bottled water, water coolers, or other similar water source that meets the U.S. Food and Drug Administration standards for bottled water. Any program that chooses this option shall notify the Commissioner and the Department of Health's Office of Drinking Water and the parent of each child in the program of such choice.

2020, cc. 1084 , 1085 , § 63.2-1705.1.
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-195 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 12 / Article 2 / Section 22.1-195
Recovery where vehicle operated under contract
Status: in_force

In case a vehicle involved in an accident is not owned by the county, city, town or school board but is operated under contract with the locality or school board, recovery may be had as provided for in § 22.1-193 .

Code 1950, § 22-291; 1980, c. 559.
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-365 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 26 / Section 22.1-365
Membership; terms; quorum; meetings
Status: in_force

A. The Board shall have a total membership of 16 members that shall consist of 10 nonlegislative citizen members and six ex officio members. Nonlegislative citizen members to be appointed by the Governor shall represent or have STEM experience with the public and private sector, industry partners, environmental organizations, and both formal and informal STEM educational organizations. The Director of the Science Museum of Virginia, the Superintendent of Public Instruction, and the Executive Director of the State Council of Higher Education for Virginia, or their designees, shall serve ex officio with full voting privileges. The Secretary of Education; the Director of Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion for the Commonwealth; and the Chief Workforce Development Officer for the Commonwealth, or their designees, shall serve ex officio without voting privileges. Nonlegislative citizen members of the Board shall be citizens of the Commonwealth.

B. Ex officio members of the Board shall serve terms coincident with their terms of office. Appointments to fill vacancies, other than by expiration of a term, shall be for the unexpired terms. Vacancies shall be filled in the same manner as the original appointments. All members may be reappointed. After the initial staggering of terms, nonlegislative citizen members shall be appointed for a term of four years. No nonlegislative citizen member shall serve more than two consecutive four-year terms. The remainder of any term to which a member is appointed to fill a vacancy shall not constitute a term in determining the member's eligibility for reappointment.

C. The Board shall elect a chairman and vice-chairman from among its membership. A majority of the members shall constitute a quorum. The meetings of the Board shall be held at the call of the chairman or whenever the majority of the members so request.

2021, Sp. Sess. I, c. 291 ; 2025, c. 144 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-122.1 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 8 / Article 6 / Section 22.1-122.1
Accounts to purchase certain materials and supplies
Status: in_force

A school board, by resolution and subject to the approval of the governing body, may establish accounts in each of its departments and schools committed solely for the purchase of instructional materials and office supplies. The school board may authorize the transfer of a percentage of the funds budgeted for a school or division department, not to exceed thirty-five percent of the allocation, into such account.

Such account shall be managed by the principal of the school or head of the division department who shall file a monthly accounting of the funds with the division superintendent. No additional funds shall be transferred into any such account unless the monthly accounting has been filed. The funds in the account may be disbursed for payment of obligations by issuing a negotiable check signed by the principal or head of the division department, and a second person to be designated by the school board. At the close of the fiscal year, all funds remaining in the accounts shall be returned to the school board simultaneously with a full accounting of the disbursements. All such accounts shall be subject to the requirements of § 15.2-2511 and relevant provisions of the Virginia Public Procurement Act (§ 2.2-4300 et seq.).

1989, c. 179; 1992, c. 175; 1999, c. 388 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-106 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 8 / Article 2 / Section 22.1-106
Same; levy in accordance with results of referendum
Status: in_force

If a majority of those voting in the referendum vote against a uniform county school levy the governing body may levy such taxes as it deems best, subject to law. But if a majority of those voting vote for a uniform county school levy the governing body of the county thereafter shall, for each succeeding tax year, lay a uniform county school levy and the proceeds thereof shall be expended as provided by law for school purposes including the repayment of district school obligations.

Code 1950, § 22-130.4; 1958, cc. 45, 632; 1980, c. 559.
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-175.8 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 11.2 / Section 22.1-175.8
Board to issue guidelines
Status: in_force

The Board shall issue guidelines for the administration of the Program as it may deem necessary and appropriate. The guidelines shall include, but shall not be limited to, provisions which address compliance with other law or Board requirements for educational technology, the application for a grant from the Fund, the innovations included in the proposal, and other criteria as established by the Board.

1999, c. 870 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-289.1 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 15 / Article 1 / Section 22.1-289.1
Teacher compensation; biennial review required
Status: in_force

It is a goal of the Commonwealth that its public school teachers be compensated at a rate that is competitive in order to attract and keep highly qualified teachers. As used in this section, "competitive" means, at a minimum, at or above the national average teacher salary. The Department of Education shall conduct a biennial review of the compensation of teachers and shall consider the Commonwealth's compensation for teachers relative to the national average teacher salary. The results of these reviews shall be reported to the Governor, the General Assembly, and the Board of Education by June 1 of each odd-numbered year.

1987, c. 240; 2006, c. 373 ; 2017, c. 301 ; 2020, c. 690 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-6.1 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 1 / Section 22.1-6.1
Menstrual supplies; availability; public elementary, middle, and high schools
Status: in_force

A. As used in this section, "menstrual supplies" means tampons or pads for use in connection with the menstrual cycle.

B. Each school board shall make menstrual supplies available, at all times and at no cost to students, in such accessible locations as it deems appropriate in each elementary school in the local school division.

C. Each school board shall make menstrual supplies available, at all times and at no cost to students, in the bathrooms of each middle school and high school in the local school division.

2020, cc. 675 , 676 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-212.32 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 13 / Article 1.5 / Section 22.1-212.32
SDI designation; duration; renewal
Status: in_force

A. The initial designation of an SDI shall be for a five-year period.

B. The initial designation of an SDI may be renewed for subsequent periods not to exceed five years each.

2017, c. 760 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-274.3 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 14 / Article 2 / Section 22.1-274.3
Policies regarding medication recommendations by school personnel
Status: in_force

The Board of Education shall develop and implement policies prohibiting school personnel from recommending the use of psychotropic medications for any student. Such policies shall not prohibit school health staff, classroom teachers or other school professionals from recommending that a student be evaluated by an appropriate medical practitioner, or prohibit school personnel from consulting with such practitioner, with the written consent of the student's parent.

For the purposes of this section, "psychotropic medications" means those medications the prescribed intention of which is to alter mental activity or state, including, but not limited to, antipsychotic, antidepressant, and anxiolytic medication and behavior-altering medication.

2002, c. 314 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-161 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 10 / Section 22.1-161
Loan declared indebtedness of the county, city or town; lien on locality's funds created
Status: in_force

Any bonds or notes of a school board held by the Literary Fund are hereby declared to be valid and legally binding indebtedness of the county, city or combination thereof constituting the school division or of the town if the town constitutes the school division. There shall be a lien in favor of the Literary Fund on all funds and income of the county, city or town for the amount of such bonds and notes. Therefore, Literary Fund loans are considered to be general obligation debt of the governing body as defined in § 15.2-2602 , and are subject to the provisions of §§ 15.2-2638 and 15.2-2659 . The provisions of this section shall not be affected by the release of any memorandum of lien pursuant to subsection B of § 22.1-151 .

Code 1950, §§ 22-102, 22-115; 1956, c. 184; 1971, Ex. Sess., c. 128; 1980, c. 559; 2007, c. 121 ; 2008, c. 365 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-168 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 11 / Section 22.1-168
Security for payment and bonds; provisions of trust indenture or resolution of Board
Status: in_force

In the discretion of the Board of Commissioners any bonds issued under the provisions of this chapter may be secured by a trust indenture by and between the Authority and a corporate trustee, which may be any trust company or bank having the powers of a trust company within or without the Commonwealth. Such trust indenture or the resolution providing for the issuance of such bonds may pledge or assign all or any part of the funds of the Authority available for such purpose including, but without limitation, all or any combination of the following sources: (i) payments of principal of and interest on local school bonds purchased by the Authority, (ii) the proceeds of the sale of any such local school bonds, (iii) payments of principal of and interest on obligations transferred to the Authority from the Literary Fund, (iv) the proceeds of the sale of any such obligations, (v) any moneys transferred to the Authority from the Literary Fund, (vi) payments of principal of and interest on loans made to local school boards, and (vii) any funds authorized by the General Assembly for such purpose from the Literary Fund or otherwise appropriated by the General Assembly. Such trust indenture or resolution providing for the issuance of such bonds may provide for the creation and maintenance of such reserves as the Board of Commissioners shall determine to be proper and may include covenants setting forth the duties of the Board of Commissioners in relation to the acquisition of any local school bonds, the substitution of any local school bonds as security for payment of the bonds of the Authority, the collection of payments of principal and interest on (i) any local school bonds, (ii) on any obligations transferred to the Authority from the Literary Fund, and (iii) on any loans made to local school boards. Such trust indenture or resolution may include provisions requiring the Authority or the trustee under such trust indenture or any depository to file a petition with the Governor and to take any and all other action required under § 15.2-2659 to secure payment of all sums necessary to cover any default as to any bonds or the interest thereon held by the Authority or by such trustee or depository to which § 15.2-2659 shall be applicable. Such trust indenture or resolution may contain provisions respecting the custody, safeguarding and application of all moneys and securities including local school bonds purchased by the Authority and obligations transferred to the Authority from the Literary Fund and may contain such provisions for protecting and enforcing the rights and remedies of the bondholders as may be reasonable and proper and not in violation of law. It shall be lawful for any bank or trust company incorporated under the laws of the Commonwealth which may act as depository of the proceeds of bonds or of any other funds or obligations received on behalf of the Authority to furnish such indemnifying bonds or to pledge such securities as may be required by the Board of Commissioners. Any such trust indenture or resolution may contain such other provisions as the Board may deem reasonable and proper for the security of the bondholders. Any reference in this chapter to a resolution of the Board of Commissioners shall include any trust indenture authorized thereby.

Code 1950, § 22-29.8; 1962, c. 194; 1972, c. 745; 1980, c. 559; 1990, c. 909.
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-337 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 17 / Section 22.1-337
Virginia representatives on Education Commission of the States; membership; terms; compensation and expenses; chairman's executive summary
Status: in_force

In accordance with the Compact for Education of 1968, which established the Education Commission of the States, there shall be seven commissioners representing Virginia on the Education Commission of the States. The Virginia commissioners shall consist of one member of the House of Delegates, to be appointed by the Speaker of the House of Delegates; one member of the Senate, to be appointed by the Senate Committee on Rules; four nonlegislative citizen members, of whom one shall be the Superintendent of Public Instruction, to be appointed by the Governor; and the Governor. The commissioners representing Virginia shall by virtue of their training, experience, knowledge, or affiliations, collectively reflect the broad interests of state government, the state's system of education, public and higher education, nonprofessional and professional public and nonpublic educational leadership.

Legislative members shall serve terms coincident with their terms of office. Nonlegislative citizen members shall serve at the pleasure of the Governor. All members may be reappointed. Appointments to fill vacancies, other than by expiration of a term, shall be made for the unexpired terms. Vacancies shall be filled in the same manner as the original appointments.

The commissioners shall serve without compensation. All members shall be reimbursed for all reasonable and necessary expenses incurred in the performance of their duties as provided in §§ 2.2-2813 and 2.2-2825 . The costs of expenses of the legislative commissioners incurred in the performance of their duties shall be paid from appropriations to the Virginia Commission on Intergovernmental Cooperation for the attendance of conferences. The costs of expenses of nonlegislative citizen commissioners incurred in the performance of their duties shall be paid from such funds as may be provided for this purpose in the appropriations act.

The chairman of the Commissioners shall submit to the Governor and the General Assembly an annual executive summary of the interim activity and work of the Commissioners no later than the first day of each regular session of the General Assembly. The executive summary shall be submitted as provided in the procedures of the Division of Legislative Automated Systems for the processing of legislative documents and reports and shall be posted on the General Assembly's website.

Code 1950, § 22-346; 1968, c. 564; 1973, c. 524; 1980, c. 559; 2003, c. 885 ; 2005, c. 758 ; 2011, cc. 691 , 714 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-313 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 15 / Article 3 / Section 22.1-313
Decision of school board; generally
Status: in_force

A. The school board shall retain its exclusive final authority over matters concerning employment and supervision of its personnel, including dismissals and suspensions.

B. In the case of a hearing before the school board, the school board shall give the teacher its written decision as soon as practicable but in no case more than 30 days after the hearing.

C. In the case of a hearing before a hearing officer appointed by the school board or a three-member fact-finding panel, the school board shall give the teacher its written decision as soon as practicable but in no case more than 30 days after receiving the record or recording of the hearing; however, should there be a further hearing before the school board, such decision shall be furnished the teacher as soon as practicable but in no case more than 30 days after such further hearing.

D. A teacher may be dismissed or suspended by a majority of a quorum of the school board.

E. The school board's attorney, assistants, or representative, if he or they represented a participant in the prior proceedings, the grievant, the grievant's attorney or representative, and notwithstanding the provisions of § 22.1-69 , the superintendent shall be excluded from any executive session of the school board which has as its purpose reaching a decision on a grievance. However, immediately after a decision has been made and publicly announced, as in favor of or not in favor of the grievant, the school board's attorney or representative and the superintendent may join the school board in executive session to assist in the writing of the decision.

F. In those instances when licensed personnel are dismissed or resign due to a conviction of any felony, any offense involving the sexual molestation, physical or sexual abuse or rape of a child, any offense involving drugs, or due to having become the subject of a founded case of child abuse or neglect, the local school board shall notify the Board of Education within 10 business days of such dismissal or the acceptance of such resignation.

Code 1950, § 22-217.8; 1968, c. 691; 1974, c. 18; 1979, c. 298; 1980, c. 559; 1983, c. 327; 1992, c. 679; 2003, c. 187 ; 2008, cc. 474 , 827 ; 2013, cc. 588 , 650 ; 2020, c. 875 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-378 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 27 / Article 6 / Section 22.1-378
Eligibility for enrollment
Status: in_force

Children of federal employees serving under orders pursuant to Title 22 or 50 of the United States Code shall be eligible for enrollment in a school division provided that the documents required by §§ 22.1-3.1 and 22.1-3.2 are provided and subject to the authority of the school division to exclude such children from attendance pursuant to § 22.1-277.2 or if such children have been found guilty or adjudicated delinquent for any offense listed in subsection G of § 16.1-260 or any substantially similar offense under the laws of any state.

2023, c. 783 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-289.054 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 14.1 / Article 8 / Section 22.1-289.054
Visitation by parents or guardians in child day programs
Status: in_force

A custodial parent or guardian shall be admitted to any child day program. For purposes of this section, "child day program" is one in which a person or organization has agreed to assume responsibility for the supervision, protection, and well-being of a child under the age of 13 for less than a 24-hour period, regardless of whether it is licensed. Such right of admission shall apply only while the child is in the child day program.

2020, cc. 860 , 861 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-57.1 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 5 / Article 7 / Section 22.1-57.1
Applicability
Status: in_force

The provisions of this article shall apply to any county, city, or town constituting a separate and entire school division. If a town within a county constitutes a separate school division and the balance of that county constitutes a separate school division, the term county as used in this article shall be construed to mean the balance of the county excepting the town. If a county and city, or any combination thereof, constitute a consolidated school division, each county or city shall be treated as a separate entity for the purposes of this article and be entitled to hold its own referendum and proceed to elect the same number of members to the consolidated board as have been appointed from the county or city. The provisions of this article shall apply to every school division, county, city, and town notwithstanding any other provision of this chapter, of Title 15.2, or of any charter.

1992, c. 594.
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-68 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 6 / Section 22.1-68
Records
Status: in_force

Each division superintendent shall ensure that an accurate record of all receipts and disbursements of school funds and all statistical information which may be required by the State Board is kept.

Code 1950, § 22-36.1; 1980, c. 559.
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-209 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 13 / Article 1 / Section 22.1-209
Employment counseling and placement services
Status: in_force

A. Each school board shall make available to secondary students employment counseling and placement services to furnish information relating to the employment opportunities available to students graduating from or leaving the public schools in the school division. Such information shall include all types of employment opportunities, including, but not limited to, apprenticeships, the military, career education schools, and the teaching profession.

B. No fee, compensation or other consideration shall be charged to or received from any student utilizing such services.

C. In providing such services, the school board shall consult and cooperate with the Virginia Employment Commission, the Department of Labor and Industry, local business and labor organizations, and such career schools as may be approved by the Board.

D. The Board of Education may recommend methods for providing such services. The State Department of Education may provide assistance to school divisions in establishing and providing such services upon request.

Code 1950, § 22-40.1; 1975, c. 147; 1980, c. 559; 1990, c. 797; 1991, c. 295; 1999, c. 452 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-175 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 11 / Section 22.1-175
Transfers from Literary Fund to Authority
Status: in_force

On January 1 and July 1 of each year or at such other times as requested by the Authority, there shall be set aside and transferred from the Literary Fund to the Virginia Public School Authority for public school purposes all notes bearing fixed maturity dates and representing amounts loaned by the Literary Fund to local school boards pursuant to Chapter 10 (§ 22.1-142 et seq.) of this title, to be held and administered by the Virginia Public School Authority as provided by law. The Board of Education, the State Treasurer and the State Comptroller are hereby authorized and directed to take all necessary steps to accomplish such transfer.

Code 1950, § 22-29.15; 1962, c. 195; 1971, Ex. Sess., cc. 127, 241; 1980, c. 559; 1988, c. 259.
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-299.7 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 15 / Article 2 / Section 22.1-299.7
Microcredential program; certain STEM subjects
Status: in_force

A. The Department of Education may establish a microcredential program for the purpose of permitting any public elementary or secondary school teacher who holds a renewable or provisional license or any individual who participates in any alternate route to licensure program to complete additional coursework and earn microcredentials in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) endorsement areas, including computer science, for which there is a high need for additional qualified teachers.

B. The Department of Education shall direct the Advisory Board on Teacher Education and Licensure to convene a workgroup including pertinent education stakeholders to determine how any microcredential awarded pursuant to any microcredential program established pursuant to subsection A will be used to award add-on endorsements and certifications for teachers in STEM endorsement areas, including computer science, for which there is a high need for additional qualified teachers.

C. Any course offered through any microcredential program established pursuant to subsection A shall be offered in-person or in a blended format of in-person and online instruction.

D. Any teacher who holds a renewable license and who participates, through any microcredential program offered pursuant to subsection A, in courses that do not contribute to an endorsement is eligible for professional development points toward renewal of his license for the number of in-person hours of coursework completed, upon providing a certificate of such participation from the course provider.

2019, cc. 227 , 597 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-262 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 14 / Article 1 / Section 22.1-262
Complaint to court when parent fails to comply with law
Status: in_force

A list of persons notified pursuant to § 22.1-261 shall be sent by the attendance officer to the appropriate school principal. If the parent (i) fails to comply with the provisions of § 22.1-261 within the time specified in the notice or (ii) fails to comply with the provisions of § 22.1-254 , it shall be the duty of the attendance officer, with the knowledge and approval of the division superintendent, to make complaint against the pupil's parent in the name of the Commonwealth before the juvenile and domestic relations district court. If proceedings are instituted against the parent for failure to comply with the provisions of § 22.1-258 , the attendance officer is to provide documentation to the court regarding the school division's compliance with § 22.1-258 . In addition thereto, such child may be proceeded against as a child in need of services or a child in need of supervision as provided in Chapter 11 (§ 16.1-226 et seq.) of Title 16.1.

Code 1950, § 22-275.11; 1959, Ex. Sess., c. 72; 1976, c. 98; 1980, c. 559; 1990, c. 797; 1991, c. 295; 1996, cc. 891 , 964 ; 1999, c. 526 ; 2018, cc. 713 , 753 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-50 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 5 / Article 5 / Section 22.1-50
Appointment and term generally; vacancies
Status: in_force

The school board of a school division composed of the city or town to which the provisions of this article are applicable shall be appointed by the governing body of such city or town and shall consist of three members for each district in such city or town. However, the school board of a school division composed of any city or town having only one district shall consist of five members. Members shall be appointed for three-year terms except that initial appointments shall be for such terms that the term of one member from each district expires each year. However, the additional two members of the school board of a school division composed of any city or town having only one district shall be appointed for such terms that the terms of one or two members expire each year. The governing body may, by duly adopted ordinance, limit the number of consecutive terms served by school board members. Terms shall commence on July 1. A vacancy occurring on the school board at any time other than by expiration of term shall be filled by the governing body for the unexpired term. Within 30 days preceding July 1 of each year, the governing body shall appoint a successor to each member whose term expires on June 30 of that year, provided the office of that member has not been abolished in redistricting the city or town.

Code 1950, § 22-89; 1959, Ex. Sess., c. 78; 1972, c. 662; 1980, c. 559; 1991, c. 182; 1992, c. 182; 2022, c. 355 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-137.1 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 9 / Article 2 / Section 22.1-137.1
Tornado drills
Status: in_force

In every public school there shall be at least one tornado drill every school year, in order that students may be thoroughly practiced in such drills.

2001, c. 841 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-274.9 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 14 / Article 2 / Section 22.1-274.9
School nurse sickle cell disease training
Status: in_force

Each local school division shall require all school nurses employed by the division to complete, within six months of employment and at least every three years thereafter, an online or in-person course of instruction approved by the Board in collaboration with the Department of Health regarding recognition and management of sickle cell disease. Approved training programs shall address (i) information on sickle cell disease; (ii) recognition of symptoms; (iii) applicability and implementation of school-based interventions; (iv) academic support for students with sickle cell disease; and (v) collaboration with families of students with sickle cell disease for education and treatment.

2026, cc. 855 , 856 .