Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-137.3 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 9 / Article 2 / Section 22.1-137.3
School safety procedures; emergency situations; annual training
Status: in_force

In addition to complying with the requirements for drills set forth in §§ 22.1-137 , 22.1-137.1 , and 22.1-137.2 , each school board shall develop training on safety procedures in the event of an emergency situation on school property. Such training shall be delivered to each student and employee in each school at least once each school year.

2019, cc. 61 , 140 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-381 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 28 / Section 22.1-381
(Expires January 1, 2029) Definitions
Status: in_force

As used in this chapter, unless the context requires a different meaning:

"Program" means the Dolly Parton's Imagination Library of Virginia Program as established in this chapter.

"Program administrator" means a nonprofit entity that is exempt from federal income taxation pursuant to § 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code, dedicated to statewide early literacy advocacy, and chosen by the Department to administer the Program.

"Reading selection" means any high-quality, age-appropriate book provided to an eligible child under the Program.

2024, c. 147 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-107 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 8 / Article 3 / Section 22.1-107
Glebe lands and church property; revenue and income therefrom
Status: in_force

All glebe lands and church property, or the proceeds thereof, which may be appropriated under § 57-3 for education shall be vested in the school board of the school division within whose boundaries the property lies and shall be managed and applied by the school board according to the wishes of the donor. The revenue or income therefrom shall be applied as that portion of the Literary Fund which is allotted to such school division, subject to the same laws and penalties.

Code 1950, § 22-118; 1980, c. 559.
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-23.6 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 3 / Section 22.1-23.6
Guidelines relating to virtual or online learning
Status: in_force

A. The Department shall develop and post on its official website guidelines and information relating to virtual learning, including (i) statewide policies relating to virtual learning, (ii) the availability of online or virtual learning options and pertinent information on such options, and (iii) guidelines for educators and schools relating to online or virtual learning policies and best practices. In addition, the Department shall provide for the guidelines to allow dissemination to each school board for distribution to parents.

B. The guidelines established by the Department pursuant to this section shall be updated annually.

2025, cc. 573 , 581 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-3.3 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 1 / Section 22.1-3.3
Transfer of students under certain circumstances
Status: in_force

Whenever any student has been the victim of any crime against the person pursuant to Chapter 4 (§ 18.2-30 et seq.) of Title 18.2, and such crime was committed by another student attending classes in the school, or by any employee of the school board, or by any volunteer, contract worker or other person who regularly performs services in the school, or if the crime was committed upon school property or on any school bus owned or operated by the school division, the student upon whom the crime was committed shall, upon written request from the student's parent, or the student, if such student is an emancipated minor, be permitted by the relevant school board to transfer to another comparable school within the school division, if available. Any transportation services for such students shall be provided in accordance with school board policies.

For the purposes of this section, "victim" means any student who has been the victim of a crime against the person pursuant to Chapter 4 (§ 18.2-30 et seq.) of Title 18.2, and who has suffered physical, psychological, or economic harm as a direct result of the commission of such crime.

1997, cc. 362 , 408 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-273.4 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 14 / Article 2 / Section 22.1-273.4
Department of Education; guidance and resources; applied behavior analysis services
Status: in_force

The Department of Education shall develop and publish no later than November 16, 2020, guidance and resources relating to the provision of applied behavior analysis (ABA) services in public schools for students who are in need of such services. Such guidance and resources may address (i) determining the need for and appropriateness of providing ABA services for students during the school day; (ii) considerations for school boards regarding management and monitoring of personnel who are not employed by the school board and who provide ABA services in public schools; (iii) the financial responsibilities related to hiring and retaining personnel who are not employed by the school board and who provide ABA services in public schools; (iv) developing agreements between such providers of ABA services, families, and schools; and (v) utilizing licensed behavior analysts employed by the school board to provide ABA services.

2020, c. 774 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-198 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 12 / Article 2 / Section 22.1-198
Applicability of article not dependent upon approval of vehicles or allocability of state aid
Status: in_force

The provisions of this article apply to all vehicles whether or not the regulations of the Board of Education established pursuant to § 22.1-177 have been complied with and irrespective of whether or not any state aid for transporting school pupils and personnel in the particular vehicle has been, is, or will be allocable.

Code 1950, § 22-294; 1980, c. 559.
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-161.3 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 10.1 / Section 22.1-161.3
Issuance of bonds; procedure; form and requirements
Status: in_force

Such bonds shall be issued by the school board in the name of the county, city or town. For the payment of the principal of and the interest on such bonds, the full faith and credit of the county, city or town shall be pledged. The bonds shall be signed by the chairman of the school board and countersigned by the clerk thereof, but the bonds may bear or be executed with the facsimile signature of one of such officials, and in the case of coupon bonds, the coupons may bear the facsimile signatures of both of such officials; the bonds shall be under the seal of the school board, but in lieu of impressing such seal physically upon such bonds, a facsimile of such seal may be imprinted on the bonds if so authorized by the school board. The bonds shall be in the denomination or denominations of not less than $1,000 each; they may be in coupon or registered form, or both, as may be agreed upon by the school board and the Board of Trustees of the Virginia Retirement System; they shall bear interest at the agreed rate or rates, and such interest shall be payable semiannually; they shall be serial bonds with maturities and amounts as agreed upon but the first maturity date shall not be longer than two years from the date of such bonds and the maximum maturity date shall not be longer than thirty years from the date of such bonds. The place or places of payment of principal and interest shall be as agreed upon by the school board and the Board of Trustees of the Virginia Retirement System. In case any officer whose signature or a facsimile thereof shall appear on any bond or coupon shall cease to be such officer before the delivery of such bond, the signature or facsimile shall nevertheless be valid and sufficient for all purposes the same as if he had remained in office until such delivery, and any bond may bear the signature of a person who at the actual time of the execution of such bond shall be the proper officer to sign the bond although at the date of the bond, the person may not have been such officer.

1995, c. 250 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-113 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 8 / Article 4 / Section 22.1-113
Town school division's share of county school funds
Status: in_force

A. Funds to be paid by county treasurer to town treasurer. -- For the benefit of each school division composed of a town, the treasurer of the county in which the town is located shall pay over to the town treasurer, if and when properly bonded, the following funds to be used for public school purposes within such town school division:

1. From the amount derived from a county school levy for public school purposes, a sum equal to the pro rata amount from such levy derived from such town;

2. From federal funds allocated to and received by the county on the basis of federally-connected pupils for operations or capital outlay purposes, to be apportioned between the county and the town on the same basis of distribution as used in making the allotment of such federal funds to the county and in the ratio that such federally-connected pupils residing in the town bear to the total of such federally-connected pupils residing in the county including the town and which were included in the county's application for such federal funds.

B. Division located in adjoining counties. -- Where a town school division is located partly in each of two adjoining counties and operated by a town school board created or constituted by the charter of such town, each county treasurer shall pay over to the town treasurer, if and when properly bonded, from the amount derived from a county school levy or appropriations in each respective county for public school purposes, a sum equal to the pro rata amount from such levy or appropriations derived from such town to be used for public school purposes within the town school division.

C. State funds from special sources. -- None of the provisions of this section shall require the county treasurer to pay over to the town treasurer of a town school division any funds received from the Commonwealth from special sources, including funds distributed to the localities from the profit realized from the operation of the state alcoholic beverage control system, when the town has received direct appropriations or allocations from the Commonwealth from the same special sources.

Code 1950, § 140.1; 1972, c. 663; 1980, c. 559.
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-289.014 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 14.1 / Article 3 / Section 22.1-289.014
Variances
Status: in_force

The Superintendent may grant a variance to a regulation when the Superintendent determines that (i) a licensee or applicant for licensure as a child day program or home-based child care system has demonstrated that the implementation of a regulation would impose a substantial financial or programmatic hardship and (ii) the variance would not adversely affect the safety and well-being of children in care. The Superintendent shall review each allowable variance at least annually. At a minimum, this review shall address the impact of the allowable variance on persons in care, adherence by the licensee to any conditions attached, and the continuing need for the allowable variance.

2020, cc. 860 , 861 ; 2026, c. 917 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-17 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 2 / Section 22.1-17
Statements concerning regulations
Status: in_force

Not less than sixty days prior to the adoption of any regulation affecting school divisions, the Board of Education and the Department of Education shall prepare a statement as to the administrative impact of such regulation on school divisions and the projected costs of implementation of and compliance with such regulation and shall send a copy thereof to each division superintendent.

Code 1950, § 22-19.01; 1976, c. 602; 1980, c. 559; 1988, c. 234.
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-377 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 27 / Article 5 / Section 22.1-377
Placement flexibility
Status: in_force

School division administrative officials shall have flexibility in waiving course or program prerequisites or other preconditions for placement in courses or programs offered in the school division.

2023, c. 783 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-192 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 12 / Article 2 / Section 22.1-192
Injury and damage covered by policy
Status: in_force

Every policy of insurance issued in pursuance of the provisions of this article, in addition to compliance with other requirements of this article and with the requirements of other applicable laws, shall cover:

1. Injury, including death, to school pupils and personnel, except the driver when not a pupil, riding as passengers on any of the vehicles so insured when used to transport such persons at public expense;

2. Injury, including death, to any persons not passengers on any such vehicle;

3. Damage, including destruction, to property of any person other than the insured.

Code 1950, § 22-288; 1962, c. 181; 1980, c. 559.
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-36.1 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 5 / Article 2 / Section 22.1-36.1
Composition of school board in certain cases
Status: in_force

Notwithstanding any other provision of law, when a county contains a town that is a separate school division, the school board for such county, regardless of whether it is elected or appointed, shall have no member representing such town. Instead, the county school board shall be comprised of one member elected or appointed from all of the election districts other than districts which have more than five percent of town residents, and an additional member elected or appointed at large from the entire county, excluding the town.

1993, c. 220; 1995, c. 316 ; 2002, cc. 146 , 269 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-274.01:2 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 14 / Article 2 / Section 22.1-274.01:2
School boards; divisionwide plan for the care of students who are diagnosed with diabetes required
Status: in_force

A. As used in this section, "school board employee" has the same meaning as in subsection E of § 22.1-274 .

B. Each school board shall develop, amend as necessary, and implement a divisionwide plan for the care of each public elementary or secondary school student who is diagnosed with diabetes in the school division for the purpose of ensuring the maintenance of a safe and healthy learning environment and maximizing the opportunity for academic success for each student. Each such divisionwide plan shall:

1. Give consideration to and incorporate, where appropriate, the guidelines contained in the Department's Diabetes Management in Schools: Manual for Unlicensed Personnel (the Manual);

2. Ensure that any training, education, and professional development opportunities for licensed or unlicensed staff relating to such care are properly tailored to the unique needs that are present in each school in the school division and the skills of the staff in each such school;

3. Include procedures, consistent with subsection E of § 22.1-274 , for ensuring that in each school building in the school division that is attended by one or more students diagnosed with diabetes and that has an instructional and administrative staff of (i) 10 or more, at least two employees have been trained in the administration of insulin and glucagon and (ii) fewer than 10, at least one employee has been trained in the administration of insulin and glucagon;

4. Ensure that the provision or assistance with the provision of diabetes-related care by licensed or unlicensed school board employees is consistent with the guidance contained in the most recent revision of the Manual and is in accordance with applicable law, including:

a. Assistance with the administration of insulin or glucagon by a school board employee who is not a licensed practical nurse, registered nurse, advanced practice registered nurse, physician, or physician assistant but who has been trained in the administration of insulin or glucagon in accordance with the provisions of subsection E of § 22.1-274 ; and

b. Assistance with the insertion and reinsertion of the insulin pump or any part thereof by a school board employee who has been trained in the administration of insulin, including the use and insertion of insulin pumps, and the administration of glucagon in accordance with the provisions of subsection B of § 22.1-274.01:1 .

5. Make available opportunities for parental involvement in the process of providing care for such students at school, including establishing processes and procedures for the submission and consideration of Diabetes Medical Management Plans, the development of Individualized Health Care Plans in collaboration with the school nurse or another qualified staff member, and the consideration of complaints and resolution of disputes relating to such documents or any other aspect of the provision of care for such students at school;

6. Provide interested parents with opportunities to provide input on the development or amendment of the divisionwide plan;

7. Include procedures to implement the divisionwide plan in each public elementary and secondary school in the local school division; and

8. Address such other matters as the school board deems necessary and appropriate.

C. The Department shall, alone or in consultation with such individuals or entities as it deems appropriate, provide technical assistance to school boards upon request in the development, amendment, or implementation of the division-wide plans required pursuant to subsection B.

D. The Department shall, in consultation with the Department of Health, the School Committee of the Virginia Diabetes Council, the American Diabetes Association, school board members, and such other stakeholders as it deems appropriate, review the Department's Diabetes Management in Schools: Manual for Unlicensed Personnel at least biennially, revise it as necessary to ensure the information therein is current and accurate, and post it in a publicly accessible location on its website.

E. The Department shall, in collaboration with the Department of Health, develop, periodically review and update as necessary, make available to each school board, and post in a publicly accessible location on its website informational materials for parents on type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Each school board shall make such informational materials available to the parent of each student enrolled in the school division at the beginning of each school year..

2026, cc. 287 , 288 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-79.9 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 7 / Section 22.1-79.9
Promotion of broadband services for educational purposes
Status: in_force

A. As used in this section:

"Affordability program" means a program or package of broadband services which may include educational programming or access to educational content, offered by a private broadband service provider to school-age children and their families at a lower price, or with specialized services, compared to the broadband services offered by the private broadband service provider to the general public.

"Child nutrition program" means any school meal program funded and regulated by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, including the National School Lunch Program, School Breakfast Program, National School Lunch Program Afterschool Snack Service, Child and Adult Care Food Program, Summer Food Service Program, and Special Milk Program.

"Sponsored program" means a financial program to provide lower-cost or free broadband services, or a specialized offering of broadband services, for educational purposes to the home of a student when the student would qualify for (i) a child nutrition program or (ii) any other program recognized or adopted by the local school board as a measuring standard to identify at-risk students.

B. Any school board may:

1. Promote and publicize the availability of private broadband services for educational purposes to parents and students, including the availability of any affordability programs or sponsored programs;

2. Provide promotional or informational materials for private broadband services to parents, students, and potential sponsors including brochures, flyers, and cable, internet, broadband, or other public service announcements, in any media, regarding locally available private broadband service offerings, including the availability of any affordability programs or sponsored programs, to encourage student use of broadband services for educational purposes;

3. Accept compensation, or in-kind donations of materials and services, from any private broadband service provider to reimburse the school board or other public body for its actual costs incurred in providing the materials described in subdivision 2;

4. Enter into agreements with local businesses, charitable groups, or private broadband service providers to promote sponsored programs to provide reduced cost or free broadband services for educational purposes to households of qualifying students. Under such agreements, the school board may award grants or subsidies to private broadband service providers to reduce or eliminate the cost of sponsored program broadband services provided to qualifying student households; and

5. Utilize any federal, state, or local funds that are not otherwise restricted to pay grants or subsidies to support sponsored programs, including any federal funds that may be available through the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) Act, P.L. 116-36, the Coronavirus Response and Relief Supplemental Appropriations Act of 2021, or similar legislation.

2021, Sp. Sess. I, c. 496 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-212.7 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 13 / Article 1.2 / Section 22.1-212.7
Contracts for public charter schools
Status: in_force

A. Within 90 days of approval of a charter application, the local school board and the management committee of the approved public charter school shall execute a charter contract that clearly sets forth (i) the academic and operational performance expectations and measures by which the public charter school will be judged and (ii) the administrative relationship between the local school board and public charter school, including each party's rights and duties. Such 90-day period may be extended by a period not to exceed 30 days by mutual agreement of the parties. Such performance expectations and measures shall include applicable federal and state accountability requirements and may be refined or amended by mutual agreement after the public charter school has collected baseline achievement data for its enrolled students.

B. The academic and operational performance expectations and measures in the charter contract shall be based on a performance framework that clearly sets forth the academic and operational performance indicators, measures, and metrics that will guide the local school board's evaluations of each public charter school. The performance framework shall include indicators, measures, and metrics for:

1. Student academic proficiency;

2. Student academic growth;

3. Achievement gaps in both proficiency and growth between the major student subgroups based on gender, race, poverty status, special education status, English language learner status, and gifted status;

4. Attendance;

5. Recurrent annual enrollment;

6. Postsecondary education readiness of high school students;

7. Financial performance and sustainability; and

8. The performance and stewardship of the management committee, including compliance with all applicable laws, regulations, and terms of the charter contract.

C. The performance framework shall allow the inclusion of additional rigorous, valid, and reliable indicators proposed by a public charter school to augment external evaluations of its performance, provided that the local school board approves the quality and rigor of such indicators and such indicators are consistent with the purposes of this article.

D. The performance framework shall require the disaggregation of all student performance data by major student subgroups based on gender, race, poverty status, special education status, English language learner status, and gifted status.

E. Annual performance targets shall be set by each public charter school and the local school board and shall be designed to help each school meet applicable federal, state, and local school board expectations.

F. The charter contract shall be signed by the chairman of the local school board and the president or chairman of the public charter school's management committee. Within 10 days of executing a charter contract, the local school board shall submit to the Board written notification of the charter contract execution, including a copy of the executed charter contract and any attachments.

G. No public charter school shall commence operations without a charter contract executed in accordance with this section and approved in an open meeting of the local school board.

H. If the charter application proposes a program to increase the educational opportunities for at-risk students, including those proposals for residential charter schools for at-risk students, the local school board or relevant school boards, as the case may be, on behalf of the public charter school, shall also request that the Board approve an Individual School Accreditation Plan for the evaluation of the performance of the school as authorized by the Waivers and alternative accreditation plans pursuant to 8VAC20-132-310 D of the Virginia Administrative Code.

I. Any material revision of the terms of the contract may be made only with the approval of the local school board or relevant school boards and the management committee of the public charter school.

1998, cc. 748 , 890 ; 2000, cc. 631 , 712 , 1028 ; 2002, c. 851 ; 2012, cc. 702 , 720 ; 2016, c. 770 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-121 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 8 / Article 5 / Section 22.1-121
Proceedings against officers, etc., to compel settlement of accounts
Status: in_force

The school board shall have the power and duty, in the event of any delinquency or any irregularity in the acts of any treasurer, officer, agent or employee handling school funds or of any member of such school board, to take such steps and institute such legal proceedings as may be necessary and proper in order to secure complete settlement of the accounts of such treasurer, officer, agent, employee or member of such school board and a full and clear exhibit of the transactions of such treasurer, officer, agent, employee or member of such school board in connection with the receipts and disbursements of any funds for public school purposes and to compel the payment of any balances that may be in the hands of such treasurer or other person. The school board shall have the power and duty to take such steps and institute such legal proceedings as may be necessary and proper to secure a complete settlement of the accounts of any trustees to whom any funds or other property for the purposes of public school education shall have been entrusted and to secure a full and proper administration of such trusts; and to this end it may institute suit for the removal, for good cause shown, of such trustee or trustees and for the appointment of new trustees either to replace those removed or to fill vacancies and may institute such suits or actions as may be necessary to compel the payment of any balances in the hands of the old trustee or trustees so removed or to correct any defect or irregularity whatever in the administration of such trust fund or other property.

Code 1950, § 22-136; 1980, c. 559.
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-203.1 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 13 / Article 1 / Section 22.1-203.1
Student-initiated prayer
Status: in_force

In order that the right of every pupil to the free exercise of religion be guaranteed within the schools and that the freedom of each individual pupil not be subject to pressure from the Commonwealth either to engage in, or to refrain from, religious observation on school grounds, consistent with constitutional principles of freedom of religion and separation of church and state, students in the public schools may voluntarily engage in student-initiated prayer.

1994, c. 799 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-105 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 8 / Article 2 / Section 22.1-105
Same; conduct of referendum; certification of results
Status: in_force

On the day named in the order the election officials of the county shall open a poll and take the sense of the voters upon the question set forth in the order. The referendum shall be conducted in accordance with §§ 24.2-682 and 24.2-684 and the results thereof ascertained and certified in accordance therewith.

Code 1950, § 22-130.3; 1958, cc. 45, 632; 1975, c. 517; 1980, c. 559.
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-175.3 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 11.1 / Section 22.1-175.3
Board to issue guidelines
Status: in_force

The Board shall issue guidelines for the administration of the Program as it may deem necessary and appropriate. The guidelines shall include, but shall not be limited to, (i) provisions which address approval by the local governing body of the construction, addition, or site acquisition for which grant moneys are sought, (ii) the application for a grant from the Fund, (iii) the implementation of the procedure for disbursing grants to school divisions as provided in § 22.1-175.4 , and (iv) recognition of the authority of local governing bodies to establish a separate escrow fund for the deposit of such funds as provided in § 22.1-175.5 .

1995, c. 762 ; 1998, Sp. Sess. I, c. 2 ; 1999, cc. 354 , 391 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-212.26 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 13 / Article 1.4 / Section 22.1-212.26
Teachers and administrators of online courses and virtual programs
Status: in_force

A. Teachers who deliver instruction to students through online courses or virtual school programs shall be licensed by the Board of Education and shall be subject to the requirements of §§ 22.1-296.1 , 22.1-296.2 , and 22.1-296.4 applicable to teachers employed by a local school board.

B. The administrator of a virtual school program shall hold an advanced degree from a regionally accredited institution of higher education with educational and work experience in administering educational programs.

2010, cc. 537 , 817 ; 2012, c. 170 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-309 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 15 / Article 3 / Section 22.1-309
Notice to teacher of recommendation of dismissal; school board not to consider merits during notice; superintendent required to provide reasons for recommendation upon request
Status: in_force

In the event a division superintendent determines to recommend dismissal of any teacher, written notice shall be sent to the teacher notifying him of the proposed dismissal and informing him that within 10 business days after receiving the notice the teacher may request a hearing before the school board or, at the option of the local school board, a hearing officer appointed by the school board as provided in § 22.1-311 . During such 10-business-day period and thereafter until a hearing is held in accordance with the provisions of this section, if one is requested by the teacher, the merits of the recommendation of the division superintendent shall not be considered, discussed or acted upon by the school board except as provided for in this section. At the request of the teacher, the division superintendent shall provide the reasons for the recommendation in writing or, if the teacher prefers, in a personal interview. In the event a teacher requests a hearing pursuant to § 22.1-311 , the division superintendent shall provide, within 10 days of the request, the teacher or his representative with the opportunity to inspect and copy his personnel file and all other documents relied upon in reaching the decision to recommend dismissal. Within 10 days of the request of the division superintendent, the teacher or his representative shall provide the division superintendent with the opportunity to inspect and copy the documents to be offered in rebuttal to the decision to recommend dismissal. The division superintendent and the teacher or his representative shall be under a continuing duty to disclose and produce any additional documents identified later which may be used in the respective parties' cases-in-chief. The cost of copying such documents shall be paid by the requesting party.

For the purposes of this section, "personnel file" means any and all memoranda, entries, or other documents included in the teacher's file as maintained in the central school administration office or in any file on the teacher maintained within a school in which the teacher serves.

Code 1950, § 22-217.6; 1968, c. 691; 1975, c. 308; 1979, c. 298; 1980, c. 559; 1985, c. 441; 1992, c. 679; 2013, cc. 588 , 650 ; 2014, cc. 13 , 103 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-118 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 8 / Article 5 / Section 22.1-118
Management of funds for joint school; county or city treasurer as fiscal agent
Status: in_force

The treasurer of a county or city in which a joint school is located shall be the fiscal agent of such school and shall receive and disburse the funds thereof. However, the participating school boards of a joint school, including an academic year Governor's School operated by two or more school divisions, may by agreement and with the approval of the respective local governing bodies, select the fiscal agent for the joint school from among the treasurers, as defined in § 58.1-3123 , of the participating localities. All disbursements shall be by warrant signed by the clerk of the committee for control of such school and countersigned by such treasurer as fiscal agent.

For his services as fiscal agent, the treasurer shall be paid such salary as may be agreed upon by the committee for control of the joint school and treasurer. In the event they cannot agree, then the amount of salary to be paid shall be submitted to the circuit court of the county or city in which the school is located for hearing and determination, and the amount so fixed by the court shall be binding upon both the treasurer and the committee. Nothing contained in this section shall affect the regular salary allowance of the treasurer as fixed annually by the State Compensation Board.

The provisions of this section shall not apply to the property and school known as New London Academy leased under the provisions of Chapter 174 of the Acts of Assembly of 1887, approved May 10, 1887, and acts amendatory thereof, nor shall they apply in Albemarle County.

Code 1950, § 22-133.1; 1970, c. 215; 1980, c. 559; 1993, cc. 7, 161; 2003, c. 702 ; 2007, cc. 45 , 813 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-289.017 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 14.1 / Article 3 / Section 22.1-289.017
Compliance with Uniform Statewide Building Code
Status: in_force

Buildings licensed as child day programs or home-based child care systems shall be classified by and meet the specifications for the proper Use Group as required by the Virginia Uniform Statewide Building Code.

2020, cc. 860 , 861 ; 2026, c. 917 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-277.07 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 14 / Article 3 / Section 22.1-277.07
Expulsion of students under certain circumstances; exceptions
Status: in_force

A. In compliance with the federal Improving America's Schools Act of 1994 (Part F-Gun-Free Schools Act of 1994), a school board shall expel from school attendance for a period of not less than one year any student whom such school board has determined, in accordance with the procedures set forth in this article, to have possessed a firearm on school property or at a school-sponsored activity as prohibited by § 18.2-308.1 or to have possessed a firearm or destructive device as defined in subsection E, a firearm muffler or firearm silencer, or a pneumatic gun as defined in subsection E of § 15.2-915.4 on school property or at a school-sponsored activity. A school administrator, pursuant to school board policy, or a school board may, however, determine, based on the facts of a particular situation, that special circumstances exist and no disciplinary action or another disciplinary action or another term of expulsion is appropriate. A school board may promulgate guidelines for determining what constitutes special circumstances. In addition, a school board may, by regulation, authorize the division superintendent or his designee to conduct a preliminary review of such cases to determine whether a disciplinary action other than expulsion is appropriate. Such regulations shall ensure that, if a determination is made that another disciplinary action is appropriate, any such subsequent disciplinary action is to be taken in accordance with the procedures set forth in this article. Nothing in this section shall be construed to require a student's expulsion regardless of the facts of the particular situation.

B. The Board of Education is designated as the state education agency to carry out the provisions of the federal Improving America's Schools Act of 1994 and shall administer the funds to be appropriated to the Commonwealth under this act.

C. Each school board shall revise its standards of student conduct no later than three months after the date on which this act becomes effective. Local school boards requesting moneys apportioned to the Commonwealth through the federal Improving America's Schools Act of 1994 shall submit to the Department of Education an application requesting such assistance. Applications for assistance shall include:

1. Documentation that the local school board has adopted and implemented student conduct policies in compliance with this section; and

2. A description of the circumstances pertaining to expulsions imposed under this section, including (i) the schools from which students were expelled under this section, (ii) the number of students expelled from each such school in the school division during the school year, and (iii) the types of firearms involved in the expulsions.

D. No school operating a Junior Reserve Officers Training Corps (JROTC) program shall prohibit the JROTC program from conducting marksmanship training when such training is a normal element of such programs. Such programs may include training in the use of pneumatic guns. The administration of a school operating a JROTC program shall cooperate with the JROTC staff in implementing such marksmanship training.

E. As used in this section:

"Destructive device" means (i) any explosive, incendiary, or poison gas, bomb, grenade, rocket having a propellant charge of more than four ounces, missile having an explosive or incendiary charge of more than one-quarter ounce, mine, or other similar device; (ii) any weapon, except a shotgun or a shotgun shell generally recognized as particularly suitable for sporting purposes, by whatever name known that will, or may be readily converted to, expel a projectile by the action of an explosive or other propellant, and that has any barrel with a bore of more than one-half inch in diameter that is homemade or was not made by a duly licensed weapon manufacturer, any fully automatic firearm, any sawed-off shotgun or sawed-off rifle as defined in § 18.2-299 or any firearm prohibited from civilian ownership by federal law; and (iii) any combination of parts either designed or intended for use in converting any device into any destructive device described in this subsection and from which a destructive device may be readily assembled. "Destructive device" does not include any device that is not designed or redesigned for use as a weapon, or any device originally designed for use as a weapon and that is redesigned for use as a signaling, pyrotechnic, line-throwing, safety, or other similar device, nor shall it include any antique firearm as defined in § 18.2-308.2:2 .

"Firearm" means any weapon, including a starter gun, that will, or is designed or may readily be converted to, expel single or multiple projectiles by the action of an explosion of a combustible material or the frame or receiver of any such weapon. "Firearm" does not include any pneumatic gun, as defined in subsection E of § 15.2-915.4 .

"One year" means 365 calendar days as required in federal regulations.

"School property" means any real property owned or leased by the school board or any vehicle owned or leased by the school board or operated by or on behalf of the school board.

F. The exemptions set out in §§ 18.2-308 and 18.2-308.016 regarding concealed weapons shall apply, mutatis mutandis, to the provisions of this section. The provisions of this section shall not apply to persons who possess such firearm or firearms or pneumatic guns as a part of the curriculum or other programs sponsored by the schools in the school division or any organization permitted by the school to use its premises or to any law-enforcement officer while engaged in his duties as such.

G. This section shall not be construed to diminish the authority of the Board of Education or the Governor concerning decisions on whether, or the extent to which, Virginia shall participate in the federal Improving America's Schools Act of 1994, or to diminish the Governor's authority to coordinate and provide policy direction on official communications between the Commonwealth and the United States government.

1995, cc. 724 , 801 ; 1999, cc. 707 , 1027 ; 2000, c. 523 , § 22.1-277.01; 2001, cc. 688 , 820 ; 2003, cc. 843 , 976 ; 2004, c. 930 ; 2006, c. 703 ; 2013, c. 288 ; 2014, cc. 109 , 312 , 765 ; 2016, c. 257 ; 2020, cc. 1111 , 1112 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-206.3 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 13 / Article 1 / Section 22.1-206.3
Dual enrollment programs; course credit; guidelines
Status: in_force

The Board shall, consistent with the provisions of Article 5.1 (§ 22.1-237.1 et seq.), develop guidelines and policies for prioritizing to the maximum extent practicable dual enrollment programs, including the Passport Program, the Uniform Certificate of General Studies Program, the New Economy Workforce Credential Grant Program, and other such programs that allow high school students to receive credit toward the completion of an undergraduate course, degree, or credential offered in the Virginia Community College System. Such guidelines and policies shall include recommendations and strategies on how to ensure the prioritization of such programs to the maximum extent practicable, including ways to direct prioritization of funding to such programs.

2023, c. 479 ; 2024, cc. 647 , 684 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-302 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 15 / Article 2 / Section 22.1-302
(Effective until July 1, 2027) Written contracts required; execution of contracts; qualifications of temporarily employed teachers; rules and requirements
Status: in_force

A. A written contract, in a form permitted by the Board's regulations, shall be made by the school board with each teacher employed by it, except those who are temporarily employed, before such teacher enters upon his duties. Such contract shall be signed in duplicate, with a copy thereof furnished to both parties.

The standard 10-month contract shall include 200 days, including (i) a minimum of 180 teaching days or 990 instructional hours and (ii) up to 20 days for activities such as teaching, participating in professional development, planning, evaluating, completing records and reports, participating on committees or in conferences, or such other activities as may be assigned or approved by the local school board.

A "temporarily employed teacher," as used in this section, means (a) one who is employed to substitute for a contracted teacher for a temporary period of time during the contracted teacher's absence or (b) one who is employed to fill a teacher vacancy for a period of time, but for no longer than 180 teaching days in such vacancy, unless otherwise approved by the Superintendent on a case-by-case basis, during one school year.

B. Temporarily employed teachers, as defined in this section, shall be at least 18 years of age and shall hold a high school diploma or have passed a high school equivalency examination approved by the Board. Any such temporarily employed teacher who is employed to fill a teacher vacancy for more than 90 teaching days for any course other than a course for which a technical professional license is required shall, unless otherwise approved by the Superintendent, hold a baccalaureate degree and not meet the qualifications to apply for a provisional license or have held an active professional teaching license within the past 10 years in the Commonwealth.

A temporarily employed teacher is not required to be licensed by the Board, nor is the local school board required to enter into a written contract with a temporarily employed teacher. However, local school boards shall (i) establish employment qualifications for temporarily employed teachers that may exceed these requirements for the employment of such teachers; (ii) seek to ensure that temporarily employed teachers who are engaged as long-term substitutes exceed baseline employment qualifications; and (iii) execute a professional development plan with any temporarily employed teacher who is employed to fill a teacher vacancy for more than 90 teaching days that sets forth a mentoring and coaching plan and, for any temporarily employed teacher who is interested in obtaining licensure, a proposed licensure timeline and set of strategies for obtaining licensure by the Board. Any such proposed licensure timeline shall establish a track for any such temporarily employed teacher to apply for licensure by or after a specific date, such as July 1 following the year for which such temporarily employed teacher was employed or such other date as deemed appropriate by the local school board. Each school board shall submit to the Department by October 1 of each year a report on all data on temporarily employed teachers who were employed to fill a teacher vacancy for more than 90 teaching days in such school division in the preceding school year or who were employed before October 1 of the current school year, which shall include for each such teacher (a) the specific school in which he was employed, (b) the grade level or subject area he was employed to teach, and (c) his current licensure eligibility status.

C. A separate contract in a form permitted by the Board shall be executed by the school board with a teacher who is receiving a monetary supplement for any athletic coaching or extracurricular activity sponsorship assignment. This contract shall be separate and apart from the contract for teaching.

Termination of a separate contract for any athletic coaching or extracurricular activity sponsorship assignment by either party thereto shall not constitute cause for termination of the separate teaching contract of the coach or teacher.

All such contracts shall require the party intending to terminate the coaching or extracurricular activity sponsorship contract to give reasonable notice to the other party before termination thereof shall become effective.

For the purposes of this section, "extracurricular activity sponsorship" means an assignment for which a monetary supplement is received, requiring responsibility for any student organizations, clubs, or groups, such as service clubs, academic clubs and teams, cheerleading squads, student publication and literary groups, and visual and performing arts organizations except those that are conducted in conjunction with regular classroom, curriculum, or instructional programs.

Code 1950, § 22-217.2; 1968, c. 691; 1980, c. 559; 1989, c. 92; 1990, c. 388; 1996, c. 986 ; 1997, c. 689 ; 1999, c. 486 ; 2010, c. 93 ; 2013, cc. 588 , 644 , 650 ; 2014, c. 84 ; 2025, cc. 452 , 468 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-385 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 29 / Section 22.1-385
STEM+C Competition Team Grant Program created; purpose
Status: in_force

The STEM+C Competition Team Grant Program is established to encourage interest in STEM+C-related subject areas and support STEM+C extracurricular team-building activities in public schools in the Commonwealth by providing grants for use in establishing or supporting STEM+C competition teams.

2024, c. 151 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-153 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 10 / Section 22.1-153
School boards authorized to borrow from Fund; form of application
Status: in_force

The school boards of the several school divisions are authorized to borrow money belonging to the Literary Fund, and any school board desiring to borrow from the Fund shall make written application to the Board of Education for such loan on a form to be prescribed by the Board. In the case of a regional or joint school, the school boards of the school divisions participating in such school may jointly apply to borrow money for the benefit of the regional or joint school.

The Board shall not disburse any proceeds of any approved loan prior to its receipt of the concurrent approval of the governing body at the time of initial disbursement and an acceptable opinion of bond counsel obtained by the governing body as to the validity of the loan.

Code 1950, § 22-107; 1980, c. 559; 2007, c. 121 ; 2018, c. 591 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-271.6 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 14 / Article 2 / Section 22.1-271.6
School division policies and procedures on concussions in students
Status: in_force

The Board of Education shall amend its guidelines for school division policies and procedures on concussions in student-athletes to include a "Return to Learn Protocol" with the following requirements:

1. School personnel shall be alert to cognitive and academic issues that may be experienced by a student who has suffered a concussion or other head injury, including (i) difficulty with concentration, organization, and long-term and short-term memory; (ii) sensitivity to bright lights and sounds; and (iii) short-term problems with speech and language, reasoning, planning, and problem solving; and

2. School personnel shall accommodate the gradual return to full participation in academic activities of a student who has suffered a concussion or other head injury as appropriate, based on the recommendation of the student's licensed health care provider as to the appropriate amount of time that such student needs to be away from the classroom.

2014, c. 349 ; 2016, c. 151 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-333 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 16 / Section 22.1-333
Repealed
Status: repealed

Repealed by Acts 2004, c. 991 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-289.06 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 14.1 / Article 1 / Section 22.1-289.06
Confidential records and information; penalty
Status: in_force

A. The records, information, and statistical registries of the Department and of all child day programs and home-based child care systems concerning services to or on behalf of individuals shall be confidential information, provided that the Superintendent, the Board, and their agents or designees shall have access to such records, information, and statistical registries, and that such records, information, and statistical registries may be disclosed to any person having a legitimate interest in accordance with state and federal law and regulation.

It shall be unlawful for any officer, agent, or employee of any child day program or home-based child care system; for the Superintendent, the State Board, or their agents, designees, or employees; for any person who has held any such position; and for any other person to whom any such record or information is disclosed to disclose, directly or indirectly, any such confidential record or information, except as herein provided or pursuant to § 63.2-105 . Every violation of this section shall constitute a Class 1 misdemeanor.

B. If a request for a record or information concerning applicants for and recipients of services provided in this chapter is made to the Department by a person who does not have a legitimate interest, the Superintendent shall not provide the record or information unless permitted by state or federal law or regulation.

2020, cc. 860 , 861 ; 2026, c. 917 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-384 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 29 / Section 22.1-384
Definitions
Status: in_force

As used in this chapter, unless the context requires a different meaning:

"Computing" means computer science, computational thinking, and computer coding.

"STEM+C" means science, technology, engineering, mathematics, and computing.

"STEM+C competition team" means an extracurricular team-building activity that has a primary objective of engaging students in STEM+C-related activities and may include participating in project-based team competitions.

2024, c. 151 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-20.4 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 2 / Section 22.1-20.4
Alternative assessments for students who are English language learners
Status: in_force

The Board of Education shall consider assessments aligned to the Standards of Learning that are structured and formatted in a way that measures the content knowledge of students who are English language learners and that may be administered to such students as Board of Education-approved alternatives to Standards of Learning end-of-course English reading assessments.

2016, cc. 58 , 516 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-167.3 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 11 / Section 22.1-167.3
Bonds or notes issued for the purpose of making grants; security for payment; appropriations
Status: in_force

A. The Authority is authorized to pledge to the bonds or notes of the Authority (i) authorized under the provisions of a resolution adopted subsequent to June 30, 2000, for the purpose described in § 22.1-166.2 , (ii) issued subsequent to June 30, 2000, and (iii) not benefiting from the provisions of either clause (iii) or (iv) of § 22.1-168 , or § 22.1-168.1 , in addition to other sources available for such purpose, any funds in the general fund of the Commonwealth appropriated for such purpose.

B. The Governor's budget bill presented each year to the General Assembly pursuant to § 2.2-1509 shall include an appropriation to the Authority of a sum sufficient from the general fund of the Commonwealth to cure any shortfall in pledged primary revenues on any debt service payment date on the bonds or notes of the Authority described by this section. A shortfall in pledged primary revenues shall exist when the available moneys in the Literary Fund as of such date are less than the amount required to pay the debt service due on such bonds or notes on such date. For purposes of this subsection "available moneys in the Literary Fund" means moneys remaining after the payment, or provision for payment, of debt service on bonds or notes like those described in this section and payable from the Literary Fund, but issued prior to July 1, 2000.

C. On or before September 30 of each year, the Authority shall submit to the Governor and the chairmen of the House Committee on Appropriations, the House Committee on Finance, and the Senate Committee on Finance and Appropriations a report as of the end of the prior fiscal year detailing the total amount of the Authority's outstanding bonds and notes secured by an appropriation of a sum sufficient from the general fund of the Commonwealth as described in subsection B. The report shall also describe any instances where any such appropriation has been used.

2001, cc. 431 , 456 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-291.2 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 15 / Article 1 / Section 22.1-291.2
Repealed
Status: repealed

Repealed by Acts 2004, c. 872 , cl. 7, effective May 4, 2005.
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-90 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 8 / Article 1 / Section 22.1-90
Annual report of expenditures
Status: in_force

Every school board shall submit at least once each year to the governing body or bodies appropriating funds to the school board a report of all its expenditures. Such report shall also be made available to the public either on the official school division website, if any, or in hard copy at the central school division office, on a template prescribed by the Board of Education.

Code 1950, § 22-97; 1954, c. 291; 1959, Ex. Sess., c. 79, § 1; 1968, c. 501; 1971, Ex. Sess., c. 161; 1975, cc. 308, 328; 1978, c. 430; 1980, c. 559; 2009, c. 104 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-212.16 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 13 / Article 1.2 / Section 22.1-212.16
Immunity
Status: in_force

Public charter schools shall be immune from liability to the same extent as all other public schools in the Commonwealth, and the employees and volunteers in a public charter school are immune from liability to the same extent as the employees and volunteers in a public school.

2002, c. 874 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-303.1 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 15 / Article 2 / Section 22.1-303.1
Immunity from civil liability for certain individuals
Status: in_force

Any teacher who, in good faith, participates in conducting a peer review of another teacher or a person who conducts a review of a teacher as a mentor teacher shall be immune from civil liability for any act, omission or statement made in the performance of these duties unless such act, omission or statement was made in bad faith or with malicious intent.

1988, c. 319; 1999, cc. 1030 , 1037 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-237 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 13 / Article 5 / Section 22.1-237
Academic credit
Status: in_force

The Board of Education may regulate the awarding of academic credit for participation in career and technical education projects.

Code 1950, § 22-330.47; 1974, c. 336; 1980, c. 559; 2001, c. 483 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-237.3 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 13 / Article 5.1 / Section 22.1-237.3
(For effective date, see Acts 2024, cc. 647, 684, cl. 2) College and Career Ready Virginia Program; requirements
Status: in_force

A. The Program shall consist of the dual enrollment and participation of qualified high school students at the high school in college courses pursuant to the Passport Program and the Uniform Certificate of General Studies Program established in accordance with the requirements set forth in subsection B of § 23.1-907 .

B. (Effective beginning with course registration for the fall term of the 2025 academic year) Each school board shall, pursuant to the Program, offer each qualified high school student in the local school division access to courses at each high school that are sufficient to complete the Passport Program and the Uniform Certificate of General Studies Program at a public institution of higher education at no cost to such student.

C. (Effective beginning with course registration for the fall term of the 2025 academic year) The System and the Online Virginia Network Authority shall, pursuant to the Program, offer each local school board access to courses at each high school, including virtual courses, that are sufficient for each local school board's qualified high school students to complete the Passport Program and the Uniform Certificate of General Studies Program at a public institution of higher education, at no cost to such local school board.

D. (Effective beginning with course registration for the fall term of the 2025 academic year) Any credit earned through successful completion of Passport Program and Uniform Certificate of General Studies Program courses through the Program shall transfer to each public institution of higher education pursuant to §§ 23.1-905.1 and 23.1-907 .

E. The Program shall include appropriate counseling by high school and comprehensive community college staff to ensure that all high school students and parents of high school students receive thorough information about the availability of and process for enrolling in Program courses and the opportunity to earn Passport Program and Uniform Certificate of General Studies Program credits that will transfer to public institutions of higher education.

F. The Program shall be data-driven and continually updated to (i) reduce socioeconomic, academic, and other barriers impeding students' access to Program courses; (ii) improve student academic and career outcomes; and (iii) align with the changing workforce needs of the Commonwealth.

G. The Auditor of Public Accounts shall annually audit the receipt and expenditure of any funds associated with the Program by any local school board, any comprehensive community college, the Department, or the System to ensure that such funds are expended exclusively in furtherance of the purposes of this article.

2024, cc. 647 , 684 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-289.08 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 14.1 / Article 1 / Section 22.1-289.08
Board to investigate child day programs at direction of Governor
Status: in_force

Whenever the Governor considers it proper or necessary to investigate the management of any child day program or home-based child care system licensed by or required to be inspected by the Board under the provisions of this chapter, he may direct the Board, or any committee or agent thereof, to make the investigation. The Board, committee, or agent designated by the Governor shall have power to administer oaths and to summon officers, employees, or other persons to attend as witnesses and to enforce their attendance and to compel them to produce documents and give evidence.

2020, cc. 860 , 861 ; 2026, c. 917 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-101.1 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 8 / Article 1 / Section 22.1-101.1
Increase of funds for certain nonresident students; how increase computed and paid; billing of out-of-state placing agencies or persons
Status: in_force

A. To the extent such funds are appropriated by the General Assembly, a school division shall be reimbursed for the cost of educating a child who is not a child with disabilities and who is not a resident of such school division under the following conditions:

1. When such child has been placed in foster care or other custodial care within the geographical boundaries of the school division by a Virginia agency, whether state or local, which is authorized under the laws of the Commonwealth to place children;

2. When such child has been placed within the geographical boundaries of the school division in an orphanage or children's home which exercises legal guardianship rights; or

3. When such child, who is a resident of Virginia, has been placed, not solely for school purposes, in a child-caring institution or group home licensed under the provisions of Chapter 17 (§ 63.2-1700 et seq.) of Title 63.2 which is located within the geographical boundaries of the school division.

B. To the extent such funds are appropriated by the General Assembly, a school division shall be reimbursed for the cost of educating a child with disabilities who is not a resident of such school division under the following conditions:

1. When the child with disabilities has been placed in foster care or other custodial care within the geographical boundaries of the school division by a Virginia agency, whether state or local, which is authorized under the laws of the Commonwealth to place children;

2. When such child with disabilities has been placed within the geographical boundaries of the school division in an orphanage or children's home which exercises legal guardianship rights; or

3. When such child with disabilities, who is a resident of Virginia, has been placed, not solely for school purposes, in a child-caring institution or group home licensed under the provisions of Chapter 17 (§ 63.2-1700 et seq.) of Title 63.2 which is located within the geographical boundaries of the school division.

C. Each school division shall keep an accurate record of the number of days which any child, identified in subsection A or B, was enrolled in its public schools, the required local expenditure per child, the specific disability, if applicable, the placing agency or person and the jurisdiction from which the child was sent. Each school division shall certify this information to the Board of Education by July 1 following the end of the school year in order to receive proper reimbursement. No school division shall charge tuition to any such child.

D. When a child who is not a resident of Virginia, whether or not such child has a disability, has been placed by an out-of-state agency or a person who is the resident of another state in foster care or other custodial care or in a child-caring institution or group home licensed under the provisions of Chapter 17 (§ 63.2-1700 et seq.) of Title 63.2 located within the geographical boundaries of the school division, the school division shall not be reimbursed for the cost of educating such child from funds appropriated by the General Assembly. The school division in which such child has been enrolled shall bill the sending agency or person for the cost of the education of such child as provided in subsection C of § 22.1-5 .

The costs of the support and maintenance of the child shall include the cost of the education provided by the school division; therefore, the sending agency or person shall have the financial responsibility for the educational costs for the child pursuant to Article V of the Interstate Compact on the Placement of Children as set forth in Chapters 10 (§ 63.2-1000 et seq.) and 11 (§ 63.2-1100 et seq.) of Title 63.2. Upon receiving the bill for the educational costs from the school division, the sending agency or person shall reimburse the billing school division for providing the education of the child. Pursuant to Article III of the Interstate Compact on the Placement of Children, no sending agency or person shall send, bring, or cause to be sent or brought into the Commonwealth any child for placement unless the sending agency or person has complied with this section by honoring the financial responsibility for the educational cost as billed by a local school division.

E. To the extent that state funds appropriated by the General Assembly pursuant to subsection A or B or other state funds, such as those provided on the basis of average daily membership, do not cover the full cost of educating a child pursuant to this subsection, a school division shall be reimbursed by (i) the school division in which a child's custodial parent or guardian resides or (ii) in the case of a child who has been placed in the custody of the Department of Social Services, the school division in which the parent or guardian who had custody immediately preceding the placement resides, for any remaining costs of educating such child, whether or not such child has a disability, who has been placed, not solely for school purposes, in (a) foster care or other custodial care within the geographical boundaries of the school division to be reimbursed, or (b) a child-caring institution or group home licensed under the provisions of Chapter 17 (§ 63.2-1700 et seq.) of Title 63.2 that is located within the geographical boundaries of the school division to be reimbursed.

1988, c. 101; 1992, cc. 837, 880; 1994, c. 854 ; 2014, c. 790 ; 2023, cc. 148 , 149 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-207.4:3 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 13 / Article 1 / Section 22.1-207.4:3
(Effective July 1, 2027) Nutritional standards for school meals and other foods; certain color additives prohibited
Status: in_force

A. As used in this section:

"Color additive" means any material not exempted pursuant to 21 U.S.C. § 321(t)(1) that is a dye, pigment, or other substance made by a process of synthesis or similar artifice, or extracted, isolated, or otherwise derived, with or without intermediate or final change of identity, from a vegetable, animal, mineral, or other source and that when added or applied to a food, drug, or cosmetic, or to the human body or any part thereof, is capable of imparting color thereto.

"Competitive food" means the same as that term is defined in § 22.1-207.4 .

B. No public elementary or secondary school shall offer or make available to any student any food served as a part of a school meal or any competitive food that contains any of the following color additives:

1. FD&C Blue No. 1 (CAS Reg. No. 3844-45-9);

2. FD&C Blue No. 2 (CAS Reg. No. 860-22-0);

3. FD&C Green No. 3 (CAS Reg. No. 2353-45-9);

4. FD&C Red No. 3 (CAS Reg. No. 16423-68-0);

5. FD&C Red No. 40 (CAS Reg. No. 25956-17-6);

6. FD&C Yellow No. 5 (CAS Reg. No. 1934-21-0); or

7. FD&C Yellow No. 6 (CAS Reg. No. 2783-94-0).

C. The Board shall amend its nutritional guidelines for competitive foods promulgated pursuant to § 22.1-207.4 in accordance with the provisions of this section.

2025, cc. 212 , 222 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-289.043 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 14.1 / Article 6 / Section 22.1-289.043
Confidentiality of complainant's identity
Status: in_force

Whenever the Department conducts inspections and investigations in response to complaints received from the public, the identity of the complainant and the identity of any child who is the subject of the complaint, or identified therein, shall be confidential and shall not be open to inspection by members of the public. Identities of the complainant and child who is the subject of the complaint shall be revealed only if a court order so requires. Nothing contained herein shall prevent the Department, in its discretion, from disclosing to the child day program or home-based child care system the nature of the complaint or the identity of the child who is the subject of the complaint. Nothing contained herein shall prevent the Department or its employees from making reports under Chapter 15 (§ 63.2-1500 et seq.) of Title 63.2. If the Department intends to rely, in whole or in part, on any statements made by the complainant at any administrative hearing brought against child day program or home-based child care system, the Department shall disclose the identity of the complainant to the child day program or home-based child care system a reasonable time in advance of such hearing.

2020, cc. 860 , 861 ; 2026, c. 917 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-79.3 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 7 / Section 22.1-79.3
Policies regarding certain activities
Status: in_force

A. Local school boards shall develop and implement policies to ensure that public school students are not required to convey or deliver any materials that (i) advocate the election or defeat of any candidate for elective office, (ii) advocate the passage or defeat of any referendum question, or (iii) advocate the passage or defeat of any matter pending before a local school board, local governing body or the General Assembly of Virginia or the Congress of the United States.

Nothing in this subsection shall be construed to prohibit the discussion or use of political or issue-oriented materials as part of classroom discussions or projects or to prohibit the delivery of informational materials.

B. Local school boards shall develop and implement policies to prohibit the administration of questionnaires or surveys to public school students during the regular school day or at school-sponsored events without written, informed parental consent for the student's participation when participation in such questionnaire or survey may subsequently result in the sale for commercial purposes of personal information regarding the individual student.

C. In any case in which a questionnaire or survey requesting that students provide sexual information, mental health information, medical information, information on student health risk behaviors pursuant to § 32.1-73.8 , other information on controlled substance use, or any other information that the school board deems to be sensitive in nature is to be administered, the school board shall notify the parent concerning the administration of such questionnaire or survey in writing not less than 30 days prior to its administration. The notice shall inform the parent regarding the nature and types of questions included in the questionnaire or survey, the purposes and age-appropriateness of the questionnaire or survey, how information collected by the questionnaire or survey will be used, who will have access to such information, the steps that will be taken to protect student privacy, and whether and how any findings or results will be disclosed. In any case in which a questionnaire or survey is required by state law or is requested by a state agency, the relevant state agency shall provide the school board with all information required to be included in the notice to parents. The parent shall have the right to review the questionnaire or survey in a manner mutually agreed upon by the school and the parent and exempt his child from participating in the questionnaire or survey. Unless required by federal or state law or regulation, school personnel administering any such questionnaire or survey shall not disclose personally identifiable information.

D. No questionnaire or survey requesting that students provide sexual information shall be administered to any student in kindergarten through grade six.

E. Local school boards shall develop and implement policies to advise the parent of each student enrolled in the school division of the availability of information in the Sex Offender and Crimes Against Minors Registry and the location of the website. Local school boards shall also develop protocols governing the release of children to persons who are not their parent.

F. Each local school board shall develop and implement a policy to require the notification of the parent of each student enrolled in the school division, to be sent by email and, if applicable, SMS text message within 30 calendar days succeeding the first day of each school year, of (i) the importance of securely storing any prescription drug, as defined in § 54.1-3401 , present in the household and (ii) the parent's responsibility, in accordance with § 18.2-56.2 , to safely store any firearm present in the household. Such parental notification shall include information on (a) relevant state laws and regulations relating to safe firearm storage and child access to firearms and (b) firearm-related accidents, injuries, and deaths, including the role of firearms in suicides, including youth suicides, tips and resources for seeking help for a child that may be a danger to himself or others, and current statistics published by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or an equivalent nationally recognized entity or organization on youth firearm fatality rates. Each school board shall make such parental notification available in multiple languages on its website.

G. No local school board providing access and opportunity to use school facilities or to distribute literature may deny equal access or fair opportunity to use such school facilities or to distribute literature, or otherwise discriminate against the Boy Scouts of America or the Girl Scouts of the USA.

Nothing in this subsection shall be construed to require any school or school division to sponsor the Boy Scouts of America or the Girl Scouts of the USA, or to exempt any such groups from school board policies governing access to and use of school facilities and distribution of literature.

H. Local school boards shall develop and implement policies to allow a parent of twins or higher order multiples in the same grade level to request that the children be placed in the same classroom or in separate classrooms if they are at the same elementary school. Such policies shall also provide that (i) schools may recommend classroom placement to the parent; (ii) schools must provide the placement requested by the children's parent, unless the division superintendent or his designee makes a classroom placement determination following the school principal's request in accordance with this subsection; (iii) a parent must request the classroom placement no later than three days after the first day of each school year or three days after the first day of attendance of the children during a school year; and (iv) at the end of the initial grading period, if the school principal, in consultation with the children's classroom teacher, determines that the requested classroom placement is disruptive to the school or is harmful to the children's educational progress, the school principal may request that the division superintendent or his designee determine the children's classroom placement.

I. Local school boards may adopt and implement policies pursuant to which electronic records and electronic signatures may be accepted from any parent, guardian, or other person having control or charge of a child enrolled in the relevant school division, provided such policies are consistent with the provisions of Chapter 42.1 (§ 59.1-479 et seq.) of Title 59.1.

J. Local school boards may develop a single, standardized form to obtain parental consent for the release of student data. If developed by the local school board, such form shall be used by Community Policy and Management Teams and the Departments of Health, Social Services, Juvenile Justice, and Behavioral Health and Developmental Services.

2000, c. 1063 ; 2001, cc. 688 , 820 ; 2002, c. 160 ; 2003, c. 693 ; 2006, cc. 145 , 857 , 914 ; 2009, c. 195 ; 2011, cc. 261 , 726 ; 2012, c. 546 ; 2015, c. 703 ; 2026, cc. 88 , 89 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-253.1 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 13.1 / Section 22.1-253.1
Repealed
Status: repealed

Repealed by Acts 1988, cc. 645, 682.
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-77 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 7 / Section 22.1-77
Duties of clerk
Status: in_force

The clerk of the school board shall keep in a separate volume the minutes of the meetings of the school board, including all bids submitted on any building, material, supplies, work, or project to be let to contract by such school board, and in another volume a receipt and disbursement record as prescribed by the Board of Education and shall keep on file vouchers, contracts, and other official papers. They shall be subject to such periodic examinations as shall be prescribed or approved by the Board of Education. The clerk may keep such volumes, vouchers, contracts, and other official papers electronically. The clerk shall discharge, under the general direction of the division superintendent, such other duties in connection with the business of the school division as may be required of him by the school board or the Board of Education.

Code 1950, § 22-53; 1980, c. 559; 2015, cc. 330 , 388 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-289.2 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 15 / Article 1 / Section 22.1-289.2
Compensation of public school employees called to active duty military service
Status: in_force

Public school employees whose active duty service with the regular armed forces of the United States or the National Guard or other reserve component has required their absence from their full-time employment in a school division shall receive supplemental pay as determined by and from the relevant local school division if the military compensation of such employee is less than the regular salary paid to such employee by the school division.

2004, c. 528 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-370 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 27 / Article 2 / Section 22.1-370
Definitions
Status: in_force

As used in this chapter, unless the context requires a different meaning:

"Children of federal employees serving under orders pursuant to Title 22 or 50 of the United States Code" means school-age children, enrolled in kindergarten through grade 12, in the household of a federal employee serving under orders pursuant to Title 22 or 50 of the United States Code.

"Educational records" means those official records, files, and data directly related to a student and maintained by a school or local education agency or a foreign education agency, including records encompassing all the material kept in the student's cumulative folder such as general identifying data, records of attendance and of academic work completed, records of achievement and results of evaluative tests, health data, disciplinary status, test protocols, and individualized education programs.

"Extracurricular activities" means voluntary activities sponsored by a school division or public school therein or an organization sanctioned by a school division. "Extracurricular activities" includes preparation for and involvement in public performances, contests, athletic competitions, demonstrations, displays, and club activities.

"Foreign education agency" means a public authority legally constituted by a foreign country or a political subdivision thereof as an administrative agency or an equivalent agency or entity to provide control of and direction for the provision of public education at the primary and secondary education levels.

"Local education agency" means a public authority legally constituted by a state as an administrative agency to provide control of and direction for the provision of public education at the primary and secondary education levels.

"Sending country" means the foreign country, including a political subdivision thereof, from which a child of a federal employee serving under orders pursuant to Title 22 or 50 of the United States Code is sent, brought, or caused to be sent or brought. "Sending country" does not include the United States.

"Sending state" means the state from which a child of a federal employee serving under orders pursuant to Title 22 or 50 of the United States Code is sent, brought, or caused to be sent or brought. "Sending state" does not include the Commonwealth.

"State" means one of 50 United States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, the Northern Marianas Islands, any other U.S. territory, and any Department of Defense Educational Activity school.

"Student" means the child of a federal employee serving under orders pursuant to Title 22 or 50 of the United States Code and who is formally enrolled in kindergarten through grade 12.

"Transition" means (i) the formal and physical process of transferring from school to school or (ii) the period of time in which a student moves from one school in the sending state or the sending country to another school in the Commonwealth.

2023, c. 783 ; 2025, c. 445 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-110 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 8 / Article 3 / Section 22.1-110
Temporary loans to school boards
Status: in_force

No school board shall borrow any money in any manner for any purpose without express authority of law. Any loan negotiated in violation of this section shall be void. Subject to the approval of the governing body or bodies appropriating funds to the school board, any school board is authorized to borrow money, when necessary, not to exceed in the aggregate one-half of the amount produced by the school levy for the school division for the year in which such money is so borrowed or one-half of the amount of the cash appropriation made to such school board for the preceding year or, in school divisions for which there is both a school levy and appropriation, one-half of the amount of each. Such loans shall be evidenced by notes or bonds negotiable or nonnegotiable, as the school board determines. In the case of temporary loans in anticipation of loans from the Literary Fund, such loans shall be repaid within two years of their dates. Other temporary loans shall be repaid within one year of their dates. However, loans made to purchase new school buses to replace obsolete or worn out equipment shall be repaid within not less than 10 years of their dates.

Code 1950, § 22-120; 1980, c. 559; 1987, c. 251; 2006, c. 239 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-290.2 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 15 / Article 1 / Section 22.1-290.2
Teacher, other instructional personnel, and support staff exits and vacancies; data
Status: in_force

A. Each school board shall report to the Department annually the number and type of teacher, other instructional personnel, and support staff position (i) exits, disaggregated by the race of the individual who exited the position, and (ii) vacancies in the school division. For each such exit occurring during the reporting year, the reason for the exit, including whether the exit was voluntary or involuntary, shall be collected and reported.

B. Each approved education preparation program shall report to the Department annually the number of individuals who completed the program by endorsement area.

C. The Department shall (i) establish deadlines for and the format of the reporting of the data pursuant to subsections A and B and (ii) aggregate and report such data annually on the Department's website.

2020, c. 674 ; 2026, cc. 849 , 850 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-154 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 10 / Section 22.1-154
Repealed
Status: repealed

Repealed by Acts 2007, c. 121 , cl. 2.
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-120 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 8 / Article 5 / Section 22.1-120
Settlement by treasurer
Status: in_force

Treasurers or other fiscal agents shall settle with school boards for the school funds as of June thirtieth of each year not later than August fifteenth of each year.

Code 1950, § 22-135; 1980, c. 559.
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-254.2 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 14 / Article 1 / Section 22.1-254.2
Testing for high school equivalency; eligibility; guidelines
Status: in_force

A. The Board of Education shall establish a program of testing for high school equivalency through which a person may pass a high school equivalency examination approved by the Board of Education through which persons may earn a high school equivalency certificate or may earn a diploma as provided in subsection F of § 22.1-253.13:4 . The following persons may participate in the testing program:

1. Persons who are at least 18 years of age and not enrolled in public school or not otherwise meeting the school attendance requirements set forth in § 22.1-254 ;

2. Persons 16 years of age or older who have been instructed by their parents in their home pursuant to § 22.1-254.1 and who have completed such home school instruction;

3. Persons who have been excused from school attendance pursuant to subsections B and D of § 22.1-254 ;

4. Persons for whom an individual student alternative education plan has been granted pursuant to subsection E of § 22.1-254 ;

5. Persons 16 through 18 years of age who are housed in adult correctional facilities and who are actively pursuing a passing score on a high school equivalency examination approved by the Board of Education but who are not enrolled in an individual student alternative education plan pursuant to subsection E of § 22.1-254 ;

6. Persons 16 years of age or older who have been expelled from school pursuant to §§ 22.1-277.06 through 22.1-277.08 ; and

7. Persons required by court order to participate in the testing program.

Under no circumstances shall persons under the age of 16 be eligible for the testing program.

B. From such funds as may be appropriated for this purpose, local school boards shall implement programs of preparation and testing for high school equivalency consistent with guidelines to be developed by the Board of Education. Such guidelines shall include a provision that allows preparatory and testing programs to be offered jointly by two or more school boards.

1989, c. 225; 1997, c. 458 ; 1999, cc. 488 , 552 ; 2003, c. 688 ; 2004, cc. 251 , 939 , 955 ; 2006, c. 335 ; 2010, c. 605 ; 2014, c. 84 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-271 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 14 / Article 2 / Section 22.1-271
Repealed
Status: repealed

Repealed by Acts 1982, c. 510.
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-16.6 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 2 / Section 22.1-16.6
Guidelines for alternatives to suspension
Status: in_force

The Board of Education shall establish guidelines for alternatives to short-term and long-term suspension for consideration by local school boards. Such alternatives may include positive behavior incentives, mediation, peer-to-peer counseling, community service, and other intervention alternatives.

2017, cc. 231 , 303 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-18.01 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 2 / Section 22.1-18.01
Biennial review of the standards of quality required; budget estimates
Status: in_force

A. To ensure the integrity of the standards of quality, the Board of Education shall, in odd-numbered years, exercise its constitutional authority to determine and prescribe the standards, subject to revision only by the General Assembly, by reviewing the standards and either (i) proposing amendments to the standards or (ii) making a determination that no changes are necessary.

B. If the Board proposes changes to the standards of quality, the budget estimates that are required to be reported pursuant to § 2.2-1504 shall take into consideration the Board's proposed standards of quality.

2002, c. 498 ; 2006, cc. 42 , 130 ; 2017, c. 787 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-131 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 9 / Article 1 / Section 22.1-131
Boards may permit use of various school property; general conditions; electric vehicle charging stations
Status: in_force

A. A school board may permit the use, upon such terms and conditions as it deems proper, of such school property as will not impair the efficiency of the schools. The school board may authorize the division superintendent to permit use of the school property, including buildings, grounds, vehicles, and other property, under such conditions as it deems will not impair the efficiency of the schools and are, therefore, proper. The division superintendent shall report to the school board at the end of each month his actions under this section. Permitted uses of buildings may include, but are not limited to, use as voting places in any primary, regular or special election and operation of a local or regional library pursuant to an agreement between the school board and a library board created as provided in § 42.1-35 .

B. Any school board may locate and operate retail fee-based electric vehicle charging stations on school property, provided that the use of each such station during the school day is restricted to school board employees, students, and authorized visitors and each such station is accompanied by appropriate signage that provides reasonable notice of such restriction.

Code 1950, §§ 22-164, 22-164.1; 1973, c. 245; 1980, c. 559; 2000, c. 754 ; 2017, c. 239 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-212.2:3 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 13 / Article 1 / Section 22.1-212.2:3
Repealed
Status: repealed

Repealed by Acts 2011, c. 216 , cl. 2.
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-289.3 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 15 / Article 1 / Section 22.1-289.3
Support services personnel; staffing and data collection requirements; report
Status: in_force

A. As used in this section, "support services personnel" includes personnel employed in specialized student support positions as described in subsection O of § 22.1-253.13:2 and personnel employed in support services positions described in subsection P of § 22.1-253.13:2 .

B. Each school board shall annually collect and submit to the Department a report on data on the average salaries of support services personnel employed by each such school board. Each school board shall disaggregate the data on the average salaries of support services personnel by the applicable career categories set forth in subsections O and P of § 22.1-253.13:2 .

C. The Department shall, beginning with the fiscal year ending June 30, 2026, annually compile, include in the Annual School Report, and publicly post in a clear and accessible format on the Department's website the data submitted by each school board pursuant to subsection B. The Department shall ensure that the data as included in the Annual School Report and posted on the Department's website is disaggregated by the career categories described in subsection B and permits, where applicable, comparison of such data across school divisions.

2025, cc. 564 , 578 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-214.1 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 13 / Article 2 / Section 22.1-214.1
Issuance of subpoenas by hearing officers
Status: in_force

Any hearing officer appointed pursuant to the procedures provided for in subsections B and C of § 22.1-214 shall have the power to issue subpoenas requiring testimony or the production of books, papers, and physical or other evidence. Any person so subpoenaed who objects may, if the hearing officer does not quash or modify the subpoena at a timely request as illegally or improvidently granted, immediately procure by a petition a decision on the validity thereof in the circuit court of the jurisdiction in which the hearing is to be held. In any case of refusal or neglect to comply with the hearing officer's subpoena, the hearing officer may procure an order of enforcement from such court.

Code 1950, § 22-10.4:1; 1980, c. 561.
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-307 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 15 / Article 3 / Section 22.1-307
Dismissal of teacher; grounds
Status: in_force

Teachers may be dismissed for incompetency, immorality, noncompliance with school laws and regulations, disability as shown by competent medical evidence when in compliance with federal law, conviction of a felony or a crime of moral turpitude, or other good and just cause. A teacher shall be dismissed if such teacher is or becomes the subject of a founded complaint of child abuse and neglect, pursuant to § 63.2-1505 , and after all rights to any administrative appeal provided by § 63.2-1526 have been exhausted. The fact of such finding, after all rights to any administrative appeal provided by § 63.2-1526 have been exhausted, shall be grounds for the local school division to recommend that the Board of Education revoke such person's license to teach. No teacher shall be dismissed or placed on probation solely on the basis of the teacher's refusal to submit to a polygraph examination requested by the school board.

Code 1950, § 22-217.5; 1968, c. 691; 1975, c. 308; 1980, c. 559; 1993, c. 498; 1996, c. 961 ; 2008, c. 555 ; 2013, cc. 588 , 650 ; 2017, c. 240 ; 2020, cc. 56 , 168 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-258 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 14 / Article 1 / Section 22.1-258
Appointment of attendance officers; notification when pupil fails to report to school; plan; conference; court proceedings
Status: in_force

Every school board shall have power to appoint one or more attendance officers, who shall be charged with the enforcement of the provisions of this article. Where no attendance officer is appointed by the school board, the division superintendent or his designee shall act as attendance officer.

Whenever any pupil fails to report to school on a regularly scheduled school day and no indication has been received by school personnel that the pupil's parent is aware of and supports the pupil's absence, a reasonable effort to notify by telephone the parent to obtain an explanation for the pupil's absence shall be made by either the school principal or his designee, the attendance officer, other school personnel, or volunteers organized by the school administration for this purpose. Any such volunteers shall not be liable for any civil damages for any acts or omissions resulting from making such reasonable efforts to notify parents and obtain such explanation when such acts or omissions are taken in good faith, unless such acts or omissions were the result of gross negligence or willful misconduct. This subsection shall not be construed to limit, withdraw, or overturn any defense or immunity already existing in statutory or common law or to affect any claim occurring prior to the effective date of this law. School divisions are encouraged to use noninstructional personnel for this notice.

Whenever any pupil fails to report to school for a total of five scheduled school days for the school year and no indication has been received by school personnel that the pupil's parent is aware of and supports the pupil's absence, and a reasonable effort to notify the parent has failed, the school principal or his designee shall make a reasonable effort to ensure that direct contact is made with the parent in person, through telephone conversation, or through the use of other communications devices to obtain an explanation for the pupil's absence and to explain to the parent the consequences of continued nonattendance. The school principal or his designee, the pupil, and the pupil's parent shall jointly develop a plan to resolve the pupil's nonattendance. Such plan shall include documentation of the reasons for the pupil's nonattendance.

If the pupil is absent for more than one additional day after direct contact with the pupil's parent, and school personnel have received no indication that the pupil's parent is aware of and supports the pupil's absence, the school principal or his designee shall schedule a conference with the pupil, his parent, and school personnel. Such conference may include the attendance officer and other community service providers to resolve issues related to the pupil's nonattendance. The conference shall be held no later than 10 school days after the tenth absence of the pupil, regardless of whether his parent approves of the conference. The conference team shall monitor the pupil's attendance and may meet again as necessary to address concerns and plan additional interventions if attendance does not improve. In circumstances in which the parent is intentionally noncompliant with compulsory attendance requirements or the pupil is resisting parental efforts to comply with compulsory attendance requirements, the principal or his designee shall make a referral to the attendance officer. The attendance officer shall schedule a conference with the pupil and his parent within 10 school days and may (i) file a complaint with the juvenile and domestic relations district court alleging the pupil is a child in need of supervision as defined in § 16.1-228 or (ii) institute proceedings against the parent pursuant to § 18.2-371 or 22.1-262 . In filing a complaint against the student, the attendance officer shall provide written documentation of the efforts to comply with the provisions of this section. In the event that both parents have been awarded joint physical custody pursuant to § 20-124.2 and the school has received notice of such order, both parents shall be notified at the last known addresses of the parents.

An attendance officer, or a division superintendent or his designee when acting as an attendance officer pursuant to § 22.1-258 , may complete, sign, and file with the intake officer of the juvenile and domestic relations district court, on forms approved by the Supreme Court of Virginia, a petition for a violation of a school attendance order entered by the juvenile and domestic relations district court pursuant to § 16.1-278.5 in response to the filing of a petition alleging the pupil is a child in need of supervision as defined in § 16.1-228 .

Nothing in this section shall be construed to limit in any way the authority of any attendance officer or division superintendent to seek immediate compliance with the compulsory school attendance law as set forth in this article.

Attendance officers, other school personnel or volunteers organized by the school administration for this purpose shall be immune from any civil or criminal liability in connection with the notice to parents of a pupil's absence or failure to give such notice as required by this section.

Code 1950, § 22-275.16; 1959, Ex. Sess., c. 72; 1980, c. 559; 1985, c. 482; 1990, c. 797; 1991, c. 295; 1996, cc. 891 , 916 , 964 ; 1998, c. 620 ; 1999, c. 526 ; 2010, c. 597 ; 2018, cc. 713 , 753 ; 2020, cc. 105 , 106 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-310 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 15 / Article 3 / Section 22.1-310
Repealed
Status: repealed

Repealed by Acts 2013, cc. 588 and 650 , cl. 2.
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-239 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 13 / Article 6 / Section 22.1-239
Basal textbooks and other high-quality instructional materials
Status: in_force

In approving basal textbooks and other high-quality instructional materials for reading in kindergarten and first grade, the Board shall report to local school boards those textbooks and other high-quality instructional materials with a minimum decodability standard based on words that students can correctly read by properly attaching speech sounds to each letter to formulate the word at 70 percent or above for such textbooks and other high-quality instructional materials.

Code 1950, § 22-297; 1980, c. 559; 1981, c. 190; 2008, cc. 430 , 615 , 663 ; 2025, cc. 680 , 683 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-206.1 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 13 / Article 1 / Section 22.1-206.1
Lyme disease; instructional resources and materials
Status: in_force

The Secretary of Education, in collaboration with the Secretary of Health and Human Resources and the Secretary of Natural and Historic Resources, shall develop instructional resources and materials to assist school boards and local and regional public libraries in establishing an education and awareness program to protect children from Lyme disease and other tick-borne infections. Such instructional resources and materials (i) shall be appropriate for individuals of school age; (ii) shall provide information on the identification of ticks, recommended procedures for safe tick removal, and best practices to provide protection from ticks; (iii) may include video productions, pamphlets, and demonstration programs to illustrate the sizes of various ticks, including sizes before and after each variety has become engorged, to assist with the identification of a tick and the reaction on the skin that may result from a tick bite; and (iv) shall be made available to school boards and local and regional public libraries upon request at no charge.

2022, c. 303 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-289.026 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 14.1 / Article 3 / Section 22.1-289.026
Injunction against operation without license
Status: in_force

Any circuit court having jurisdiction in the county or city where the principal office of any child day program or home-based child care system is located shall, at the suit of the Superintendent, have jurisdiction to enjoin its operation without a license required by this chapter.

2020, cc. 860 , 861 ; 2026, c. 917 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-314 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 15 / Article 3 / Section 22.1-314
Decision of school board; issue of grievability; appeal
Status: in_force

Decisions regarding whether or not a matter is grievable shall be made by the school board at the request of the school division administration or grievant and such decision shall be made within 10 business days of such request. The school board shall reach its decision only after allowing the school division administration and the grievant opportunity to present written or oral arguments regarding grievability. The decision as to whether the arguments shall be written or oral shall be in the discretion of the school board. Decisions of the school board may be appealed to the circuit court having jurisdiction in the school division for a hearing on the issue of grievability.

Proceedings for review of the decision of the school board shall be instituted by filing a notice of appeal with the school board within 10 business days after the date of the decision and giving a copy thereof to all other parties. Within 10 business days thereafter, the school board shall transmit to the clerk of the court to which the appeal is taken a copy of its decision, a copy of the notice of appeal, and the exhibits. The failure of the school board to transmit the record within the time allowed shall not prejudice the rights of the grievant. The court, on motion of the grievant, may issue a writ of certiorari requiring the school board to transmit the record on or before a certain date. Within 10 business days of receipt by the clerk of such record, the court, sitting without a jury, shall hear the appeal on the record transmitted by the school board and such additional evidence as may be necessary to resolve any controversy as to the correctness of the record. The court, in its discretion, may receive such other evidence as the ends of justice require. The court may affirm the decision of the school board or may reverse or modify the decision. The decision of the court shall be rendered no later than the fifteenth day from the date of the conclusion of the hearing. Such determination of grievability shall be made subsequent to the reduction of the grievance to writing but prior to any hearing or the right to such determination shall be deemed to have been waived.

Code 1950, § 22-217.8:01; 1979, c. 298; 1980, c. 559; 1987, c. 97; 2003, c. 187 ; 2013, cc. 588 , 650 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-212.31 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 13 / Article 1.5 / Section 22.1-212.31
Board regulations; application; expectations
Status: in_force

The Board shall establish in regulations promulgated pursuant to § 22.1-212.29 expectations for the plan of innovation of an SDI applicant, including:

1. Establishing goals and performance targets that may include:

a. Reducing achievement and opportunity gaps among groups of public school students by expanding the range of engaging and relevant learning experiences for students who are identified as academically low-achieving;

b. Increasing student learning through the implementation of high, rigorous standards for student performance and balanced assessments that measure both student growth and achievement;

c. Creating opportunities for students to demonstrate mastery of learning at different points in the learning process based on readiness;

d. Increasing student participation in opportunities that enhance students' preparation for college, career, and citizenship;

e. Increasing the number of students who are college, career, and citizenship ready;

f. Increasing opportunities for students to learn from content experts through integrated course opportunities; and

g. Motivating students at all levels by offering additional curricular choices, personalized learning opportunities, and relevant student learning experiences such as community service projects, internship opportunities, and job shadowing.

2. Identifying divisionwide and school-level policies that will lead students to be better prepared for success in work and life.

3. Describing the ways in which all schools will incorporate innovative practices.

4. Incorporating relevant professional development.

5. Providing evidence of collaboration, support, and shared leadership among teachers in the school division.

6. Providing evidence of the support and engagement of educators, parents, the local community, and the local business community in the development of the plan of innovation and of the capacity of such individuals and entities to support the implementation of innovation.

7. Providing the rationale for requests for waivers from regulatory and statutory provisions.

8. Identifying specific measures of student success that may include alternate assessments or approved substitute tests that will be used to determine if students have met graduation requirements, as applicable.

2017, c. 760 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-289.012 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 14.1 / Article 3 / Section 22.1-289.012
Local government to report business licenses issued to child day centers and home-based child care
Status: in_force

The commissioner of the revenue or other local business license official shall report to the Department on a semiannual basis the name, address, and contact information of any child day center or home-based child care to which a business license was issued.

2020, cc. 860 , 861 ; 2026, c. 917 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-135.1 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 9 / Article 2 / Section 22.1-135.1
Potable water; lead testing
Status: in_force

Each local school board shall develop and implement a plan to test and, if necessary, remediate potable water from sources identified by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency as high priority for testing, including bubbler-style and cooler-style drinking fountains, cafeteria or kitchen taps, classroom combination sinks and drinking fountains, and sinks known to be or visibly used for consumption. Such plan shall be consistent with guidance published by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency or the Department of Health. The local school board shall give priority in the testing plan to schools whose school building was constructed, in whole or in part, before 1986. Each local school board shall submit such testing plan and report the results of any such test to the Department of Health. Each local school board shall take all steps necessary to notify parents if testing results indicate lead contamination that exceeds 10 parts per billion.

2017, c. 628 ; 2020, cc. 293 , 884 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-318.2 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 15 / Article 6 / Section 22.1-318.2
Strategic Compensation Grant Initiative
Status: in_force

A. As used in this section:

"Fund" means the Strategic Compensation Grant Fund established pursuant to § 22.1-318.1 .

"Grant" means a grant issued pursuant to the Strategic Compensation Grant Initiative.

B. The Department shall develop guidelines, consistent with this section, setting forth the general requirements of qualifying for a grant.

C. Local school divisions may submit proposals to the Department to apply for a grant. Grants shall be awarded, on a competitive basis, for the purposes of awarding incentive payments to teachers. All proposals shall designate groups or types of teachers targeted for the incentives. Proposals may include plans to (i) reward teachers who help students make significant academic progress; (ii) incentivize team performance in schools achieving goals set by the school division; (iii) reward teachers assuming additional responsibilities, such as serving as a mentor to other teachers; (iv) pay incentives to effective teachers who have essential expertise and who are willing to transfer to positions at hard-to-staff or low-performing schools; (v) reward effective teachers who are assigned to teach critical shortage areas; or (vi) pay incentives to attract talented teachers with specified expertise in hard-to-staff positions. Any proposal that is designed to offer incentives for improved performance to an entire school team may include school leaders other than teachers.

D. Each proposal shall outline a strategic compensation model used to disburse awarded funds. Stakeholder involvement is required in the development and implementation of the model. No individual shall receive more than $5,000 per year. The compensation model shall include measurable and appropriate achievement goals for student academic progress and plans for the professional development of the designated teachers. The compensation model may include tiers or a range of incentives.

E. Any teacher awarded according to the terms of the proposal by the school division in its proposal shall (i) be licensed by the Board; (ii) be employed by the local school board under a contract; (iii) hold an endorsement in his subject area and grade level; (iv) be "highly qualified," as that term is defined by the federal Elementary and Secondary Education Act, P.L. 89-10, as amended; (v) be evaluated using an effective system, consistent with the evaluations and criteria of the Board, including a weight of 40 percent on student academic progress for the summative rating; and (vi) be rated as "proficient" or better.

2013, cc. 228 , 691 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-175.1 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 11.1 / Section 22.1-175.1
Virginia Public School Construction Grants Program established
Status: in_force

The Virginia Public School Construction Grants Program is hereby established to provide grants to eligible school divisions for school construction, additions, infrastructure, site acquisition for public school buildings and facilities, and renovations, including the costs of retrofitting or enlarging public school buildings; further, if a school division has completed any such projects during the previous ten years, the grants may be used for debt service payments or a portion thereof. The Program shall be administered by the Board of Education.

Local governing bodies may also establish a separate escrow fund for the deposit of such funds as provided in § 22.1-175.5 .

1995, c. 762 ; 1998, Sp. Sess. I, c. 2 ; 1999, cc. 354 , 391 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-42 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 5 / Article 3 / Section 22.1-42
Referendum on changing method of selection of members of school board
Status: in_force

Upon a petition filed with the circuit court of any county to which the provisions of this article are applicable signed by a number of registered voters of the county equal to fifteen per centum of the number of votes cast in the county in the preceding presidential election asking that a referendum be held on the question of changing the method of selection of members of the county school board, the court shall, by order entered of record, require the regular election officials on the day fixed in such order to open the polls and take the sense of the qualified voters of the county on the question printed on the ballot as herein provided. The clerk of the county shall cause a notice of such referendum to be published in some newspaper published or having a general circulation in the county once a week for three successive weeks prior to such referendum and shall post a copy of such notice during the same time at the front door of the courthouse of the county.

In lieu of such petition, the Board of Supervisors of Isle of Wight County or Roanoke County may cause to be passed a resolution requesting that such referendum be held; provided that prior to the passage of such resolution the Board of Supervisors shall hold a public hearing on the question of such referendum. The resolution shall be filed with the circuit court and upon receipt thereof, the court shall proceed as in the case of a petition.

The ballots used in the referendum shall be printed as follows:

"Shall the present method of selecting the members of the county school board be changed from appointment by the School Board Selection Commission to appointment by the governing body of the county?

Yes [ ]

No [ ]"

The ballots shall be counted, returns made and canvassed as in other elections, and the results certified by the electoral board to the State Board of Elections, the clerk of the county and the circuit court; and the court shall enter of record the results of such referendum.

Code 1950, § 22-79.4; 1970, c. 126; 1975, cc. 517, 567; 1979, c. 10; 1980, c. 559; 1992, c. 354.
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-9.1 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 2 / Section 22.1-9.1
Student Advisory Board established
Status: in_force

A. There is hereby established the Student Advisory Board (the Advisory Board) for the purpose of providing student perspectives on matters before the Board.

B. The Advisory Board shall consist of eight members appointed by the Governor, each of whom shall be a high school student who will enter senior year during the following school year and each of whom shall reside in a different Superintendent's region. Each member shall serve for a term of one year, and no member is eligible to be reappointed.

C. The Advisory Board shall meet at least semiannually in either an in-person or, notwithstanding any other provision of law, a virtual format and shall designate at least one member to make an annual presentation to the Board that includes analysis of and recommendations on matters before the Board or any other matter that the Advisory Board deems relevant.

2022, c. 778 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-215.3 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 13 / Article 2 / Section 22.1-215.3
Annual individualized education program planning process; dual enrollment courses; certain parental notice required; model notice
Status: in_force

A. The Board shall develop and make available to each local school board a model parental notice of students with disabilities' rights and obligations relating to dual enrollment courses, including detailed information on the process for ensuring that any student with disabilities enrolled in dual enrollment courses is receiving both a free and appropriate public education pursuant to the federal Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (20 U.S.C. § 1400 et seq.) as a student enrolled in a public high school and the necessary educational accommodations pursuant to the federal Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. § 12101 et seq.) as a student enrolled in a comprehensive community college.

B. During the annual individualized education program (IEP) planning process prior to any year in which a child with a disability who is enrolled at a public high school is entering the eleventh grade or twelfth grade, the IEP team shall provide to the parent of such student written notice of the student's rights and obligations relating to dual enrollment courses, consistent with the model notice made available by the Board pursuant to subsection A, including detailed information on the process for ensuring that the student is receiving both a free and appropriate public education pursuant to the federal Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (20 U.S.C. § 1400 et seq.) as a student enrolled in a public high school and the necessary educational accommodations pursuant to the federal Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. § 12101 et seq.) as a student enrolled in a comprehensive community college.

2025, c. 145 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-330 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 16 / Section 22.1-330
Same; investigation; time within which to correct unsatisfactory conditions
Status: in_force

The Board or Department may, upon its own motion, and shall, upon the verified complaint in writing of any person setting forth facts which, if proved, would constitute grounds for refusal, suspension or revocation of a license, investigate the actions of any applicant for or any person or persons holding or claiming to hold a license to operate a school.

Before refusing to renew, revoking or suspending any license, the Board may grant such period of time as it deems reasonable to correct any unsatisfactory condition.

Code 1950, § 22-330.28; 1970, c. 665; 1977, c. 444; 1980, c. 559; 2004, c. 991 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-23.3 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 3 / Section 22.1-23.3
Treatment of transgender students; policies
Status: in_force

A. The Department of Education shall develop and make available to each school board model policies concerning the treatment of transgender students in public elementary and secondary schools that address common issues regarding transgender students in accordance with evidence-based best practices and include information, guidance, procedures, and standards relating to:

1. Compliance with applicable nondiscrimination laws;

2. Maintenance of a safe and supportive learning environment free from discrimination and harassment for all students;

3. Prevention of and response to bullying and harassment;

4. Maintenance of student records;

5. Identification of students;

6. Protection of student privacy and the confidentiality of sensitive information;

7. Enforcement of sex-based dress codes; and

8. Student participation in sex-specific school activities and events and use of school facilities. Activities and events do not include athletics.

B. Each school board shall adopt policies that are consistent with but may be more comprehensive than the model policies developed by the Department of Education pursuant to subsection A.

2020, cc. 153 , 154 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-329 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 16 / Section 22.1-329
Denial, revocation or suspension of license; grounds; summary suspension under certain circumstances; penalty
Status: in_force

A. The Board may refuse to issue or renew a license or may revoke or suspend the license of any school issued pursuant to this chapter for the following causes:

1. Violation of any provision of this chapter or any regulation of the Board;

2. Furnishing false, misleading or incomplete information to the Board or Department or failure to furnish any information requested by the Board or Department;

3. Violation of any commitment made in an application for a license;

4. Presenting, either by the school or by any agent of the school, to prospective students information relating to the school which is false, misleading or fraudulent;

5. Failing to provide or maintain premises or equipment in a safe and sanitary condition as required by law;

6. Making any false promises through agents or by advertising or otherwise of a character likely to influence, persuade or induce enrollments;

7. Paying commission or valuable consideration to any person for any act of service performed in willful violation of this chapter;

8. Failing to maintain financial resources adequate for the satisfactory conduct of courses of instruction offered or to retain a sufficient or qualified instructional staff;

9. Demonstrating unworthiness or incompetency to conduct the school in a manner calculated to safeguard the interests of the public;

10. Failing within a reasonable time to provide information requested by the Board or Department as a result of a formal or informal complaint to or by the Board or Department which would indicate a violation of this chapter;

11. Attempting to use or employ any enrolled students in any commercial activity whereby the school receives any compensation whatsoever without reasonable remuneration to the student, except to the extent that employment of students in such activities is necessary or essential to their training and is permitted and authorized by the Board; or

12. Engaging in or authorizing any other conduct whether of the same or of a different character from that herein specified which constitutes fraudulent or dishonest dealings.

The provisions of the Administrative Process Act (§ 2.2-4000 et seq.) shall be applicable to proceedings under this subsection.

B. Pursuant to the procedures set forth in subsection C and in addition to the authority for other disciplinary actions provided in this chapter, the Superintendent of Public Instruction may issue a summary order of suspension of the license of a residential or day school for students with disabilities, in conjunction with any proceeding for revocation, denial, or other action, when conditions or practices exist in the school that pose an immediate and substantial threat to the health, safety, and welfare of the students who are residing or attending the school and the Superintendent of Public Instruction believes the operation of the school should be suspended during the pendency of such proceeding.

C. The summary order of suspension shall take effect upon its issuance and shall be served on the licensee or its designee as soon as practicable thereafter by personal service and certified mail, return receipt requested, to the address of record of the licensee. The order shall state the time, date, and location of a hearing to determine whether the suspension is appropriate. Such hearing shall be held no later than three business days after the issuance of the summary order of suspension and shall be convened by the Superintendent of Public Instruction or his designee.

After such hearing, the Superintendent of Public Instruction may issue a final order of summary suspension or may find that such summary suspension is not warranted by the facts and circumstances presented. A final order of summary suspension shall include notice that the licensee may appeal the Superintendent of Public Instruction's decision to the appropriate circuit court no later than 10 days following issuance of the order. The sole issue before the court shall be whether the Superintendent of Public Instruction had reasonable grounds to require the licensee to cease operations during the pendency of the concurrent revocation, denial, or other proceeding. The concurrent revocation, denial, or other proceeding shall not be affected by the outcome of any hearing on the appropriateness of the summary suspension.

The willful and material failure to comply with the summary order of suspension or final order of summary suspension shall be punishable as a Class 2 misdemeanor. The Superintendent of Public Instruction may require the cooperation of any other agency or subdivision of the Commonwealth in the relocation of students who are residents of a home or facility whose license has been summarily suspended pursuant to this section and in any other actions necessary to reduce the risk of further harm to students.

Code 1950, § 22-330.27; 1970, c. 665; 1977, c. 444; 1980, c. 559; 1988, c. 574; 1996, cc. 691 , 832 ; 2004, c. 991 ; 2006, c. 168 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-260 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 14 / Article 1 / Section 22.1-260
Reports of children enrolled and not enrolled; nonattendance
Status: in_force

A. Within 10 days after the opening of the school, each public school principal shall report to the division superintendent:

1. The name, age and grade of each student enrolled in the school, and the name and address of the student's parent or guardian; and

2. To the best of the principal's information, the name of each child subject to the provisions of this article who is not enrolled in school, with the name and address of the child's parent or guardian.

B. At the end of each school year, each public school principal shall report to the division superintendent the number of students by grade level for whom a conference was scheduled as required by § 22.1-258 . The division superintendent shall compile such grade level information for the division and provide such information to the Superintendent of Public Instruction annually.

Code 1950, §§ 22-275.8, 22-275.9; 1959, Ex. Sess., c. 72; 1980, c. 559; 1987, c. 374; 1988, c. 163; 1999, c. 526 ; 2003, c. 637 ; 2015, cc. 372 , 666 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-277.01 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 14 / Article 3 / Section 22.1-277.01
Repealed
Status: repealed

Repealed by Acts 2001, cc. 688 and 820 , cl. 2.
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-280.2:2 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 14 / Article 3 / Section 22.1-280.2:2
Public School Security Equipment Grant Act of 2013
Status: in_force

A. This section shall be known and may be cited as the "Public School Security Equipment Grant Act of 2013."

B. For purposes of this section:

"Authority" means the Virginia Public School Authority.

"Eligible school division" means a (i) local school division or (ii) regional vocational center, special education center, alternative education center, or academic year Governor's School serving public school students in grades K through 12. "Eligible school division" includes the Virginia School for the Deaf and the Blind.

"Local school division" means a school division with schools subject to state accreditation and whose students are required to be reported in fall membership for grades K through 12.

"Security equipment" includes building modifications and fixtures, including security vestibules, vaping detectors, security-related devices located outside of the school building on school property, and security-related devices located on school buses.

C. The Authority shall issue bonds for the purpose of grant payments to eligible school divisions of the Commonwealth to be used exclusively for purchasing security equipment for schools, including any related installation, that is designed to improve and help ensure the safety of students attending public schools in the Commonwealth. Such grants shall not be used to pay for security equipment that is not included or described in a grant application approved by the Department pursuant to subsection D. The amount of grants provided to each eligible school division pursuant to this section shall not exceed $100,000 for each fiscal year of the Commonwealth. Funds for the payment of such grants shall be provided from the issuance of bonds by the Authority, provided that the Authority shall not issue more than an aggregate of $6 million in bonds, after all costs, for such grants during each fiscal year of the Commonwealth. In addition, the Authority shall ensure that no more than an aggregate principal amount of $30 million in bonds issued under this section shall be outstanding at any time. Eligible school divisions seeking a grant shall apply to the Department, which shall be responsible for administering the grant program.

The Authority shall work with the Department to determine the schedule for the issuance of the bonds, which shall be based in part upon eligible school divisions having sufficient funds to purchase such security equipment. The payment of debt service on such bonds shall be as provided in the general appropriation act.

Such grants shall be in addition to all other grants made to local governments, school boards, or school divisions according to law. In addition, such grants shall not replace or be in lieu of loans to local school boards or interest rate subsidy payments to local school boards pursuant to Chapter 11.1 (§ 22.1-175.1 et seq.), and the issuance of such bonds and the payment of such grants shall not, except as herein provided, affect or otherwise amend the provisions of such chapter as they relate to the powers and duties of the Authority, local school boards, local governments, or any other entity.

D. Based on the criteria developed by the Department in collaboration with the Department of Criminal Justice Services, eligible school divisions shall apply for a grant by August 1 of each year. As a condition of receiving a grant, a local match of 25 percent of the grant amount shall be required. The Superintendent is authorized to reduce the local match for local school divisions with a composite index of local ability-to-pay less than 0.2000, including any such school division participating in a regional vocational center, special education center, alternative education center, or academic year Governor's School. The Virginia School for the Deaf and the Blind shall be exempt from the match requirement.

Grants shall be awarded by the Department on a competitive basis. As part of the application for a grant, each eligible school division shall (i) identify with specificity the security equipment for which grants are being sought, as well as the estimated costs to purchase and install the security equipment, and (ii) certify that it is the intent of the eligible school division to purchase the security equipment within six months of approval of any grant by the Department.

If the Department determines that a grant shall be paid to an eligible school division under this section, it shall provide a written certification to the chairman of the Authority directing him to make a grant payment in a specific amount to the eligible school division. The Department, however, shall not make such written certification until it has established that the Authority has sufficient funds to make such grant payment. The Authority shall only make grant payments to an eligible school division for the grants provided under this section upon receipt of such written certification. The Authority shall make such grant payments, and in the amounts as directed by the Department, within 30 days of receipt of the certification.

E. The Department shall develop guidelines concerning the requirements for applying for a grant and the administration of such grants. Such guidelines shall not be subject to the Administrative Process Act (§ 2.2-4000 et seq.).

F. In the event that two or more local school divisions became one local school division, whether by consolidation of only the local school divisions or by consolidation of the local governments, such resulting local school division shall be eligible for grants on the basis of the same number of local school divisions as existed prior to September 30, 2012.

G. The Authority shall take all necessary and proper steps as it is authorized to take under law to carry out the provisions of this section.

H. The Department shall make an annual report to the General Assembly by September 1 of each year reporting (i) the total grants paid during the immediately prior fiscal year to each eligible school division and (ii) a general description of the security equipment purchased by eligible school divisions.

2013, c. 608 ; 2019, c. 231 ; 2020, cc. 686 , 778 ; 2022, c. 355 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-3.5 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 1 / Section 22.1-3.5
Enrollment of certain military children with disabilities; provision of special education services and accommodations
Status: in_force

Whenever a child of a service member parent who enrolls in a school division pursuant to subdivision B 3 of § 22.1-3 is also a child with disabilities, the school board that governs the school division shall, upon receiving the documentation from the service member parent or an official letter from the service member parent's command indicating such service member parent's relocation to such school division, coordinate with the service member parent and such child's previous school division to facilitate the prompt provision of comparable special education services and accommodations based on such child's current Individualized Education Program or § 504 Plan.

2025, c. 388 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-6 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 1 / Section 22.1-6
Permitted fees and charges
Status: in_force

Except as provided in this title or as permitted by regulation of the Board of Education, no fees or charges may be levied on any pupil by any school board. No pupil's scholastic report card or diploma shall be withheld because of nonpayment of any such fee or charge.

Code 1950, §§ 22-197, 22-198, 22-199; 1977, c. 204; 1980, c. 559.
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-279.9 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 14 / Article 3 / Section 22.1-279.9
Development of programs to prevent crime and violence; hazing prevention training program
Status: in_force

All school boards shall develop, in cooperation with the local law-enforcement agencies, juvenile and domestic relations district court judges, and personnel, parents, and the community at large, programs to prevent violence and crime on school property and at school-sponsored events, which shall include research-based hazing prevention. Activities designed to prevent the recurrence of violence and crime, including hazing, may include such interventions as education relating to Virginia's criminal law, school crime lines, peer mediation, conflict resolution, community service requirements, and any program focused on demonstrating the consequences of violence and crime. School boards are encouraged to develop and use a network of volunteer services in implementing these prevention activities.

2001, cc. 688 , 820 ; 2004, c. 574 ; 2024, cc. 7 , 144 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-240 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 13 / Article 6 / Section 22.1-240
Repealed
Status: repealed

Repealed by Acts 2008, cc. 430 , 615 and 663 , cl. 2.
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-161.4 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 10.1 / Section 22.1-161.4
Disposition of proceeds from sale of bonds; separate fund
Status: in_force

All proceeds received from the sale of the bonds issued under the provisions of this chapter shall be paid to the treasurer or chief financial officer of the county, city or town, who shall promptly deposit such funds in a bank or banks as prescribed by general law. He shall account for such money through a fund, separate from all other funds, in the system of accounting.

1995, c. 250 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-217.4 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 13 / Article 2 / Section 22.1-217.4
Students who need or use augmentative and alternative communication; documentation of needs on individualized education program; staff training
Status: in_force

A. As used in this section, "augmentative and alternative communication" or "AAC" means any method or tool other than oral speech that an individual uses to communicate, including gestures, facial expressions, writing, and speech-generating devices.

B. In accordance with the definition of "assistive technology service" in 8VAC 20-81 -10, subsection F of 8VAC 20-81 -100, and subsection F of 8VAC 20-81 -110 of the Virginia Administrative Code, a school division shall document on the individualized education program of a student with a disability who needs or uses AAC, beginning prior to the provision of instruction or direct support to the student, including in any extended school year period, the student's AAC and communication access and support needs, including, as appropriate, individualized training as an assistive technology service for each school division employee or contractor who provides instruction or direct support to such student, to support the student's use of AAC and to ensure that access to curricula and instruction is designed or adapted as necessary to accommodate the student's unique communication access needs. In any case in which the individualized education program of such a student indicates the need for such training and the school division employee or contractor who will provide instruction or direct support to such student is known prior to the start of the school year, such individualized training shall occur prior to the start of the school year. In any case in which the individualized education program of such a student indicates the need for such training and (i) the student enrolls in a new school division during the school year; (ii) the student's initial individualized education program starts during the school year; (iii) the student transfers to a different school, classroom, or educational setting within a school division during the school year; or (iv) a different school division employee or contractor who will provide instruction or direct support to such student transfers into the student's classroom or educational setting during the school year, such individualized training shall occur as soon as possible after such occurrence.

2025, cc. 453 , 469 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-204.1 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 13 / Article 1 / Section 22.1-204.1
Firearm safety education program
Status: in_force

Local school boards may provide firearm safety education programs for students in the elementary school grades. To assist local school boards electing to provide firearm safety education programs, the Board of Education shall establish curriculum guidelines for a standardized program of firearm safety education for the elementary school grades to promote the protection and safety of children enrolled in the public schools. The curriculum guidelines shall incorporate, among other principles of firearm safety, accident prevention and the rules upon which the Eddie Eagle Gunsafe Program offered by the National Rifle Association is based. Local school boards electing to provide firearm safety education shall offer instruction pursuant to the Board's curriculum guidelines and shall integrate firearm safety education into appropriate subject areas, if feasible, to ensure that every elementary grade student completes the course of study in firearm safety education.

2010, c. 859 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-289.010 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 14.1 / Article 3 / Section 22.1-289.010
Application fees; regulations and schedules; use of fees; certain facilities, centers and agencies exempt
Status: in_force

The Board is authorized to adopt regulations and schedules for fees to be charged for processing applications for licenses to operate child day programs and home-based child care systems. Such schedules shall specify minimum and maximum fees and, where appropriate, gradations based on the capacity of such facilities, centers, and agencies. Fees shall be used for the development and delivery of training for operators and staff of child day programs and home-based child care systems. Fees shall be expended for this purpose within two fiscal years following the fiscal year in which they are collected. These fees shall not be applicable to facilities, centers, or agencies operated by federal entities.

The Board shall develop training programs for operators and staffs of licensed child day programs. Such programs shall include formal and informal training offered by institutions of higher education, state and national associations representing child care professionals, local and regional early childhood educational organizations, state agencies and other trainers designated by the Board, and licensed child care providers. Training provided to operators and staffs of licensed child day programs shall include training and information regarding shaken baby syndrome, its effects, and resources for help and support for caretakers. To the maximum extent possible, the Board shall ensure that all provider interests are represented and that no single approach to training shall be given preference.

2020, cc. 860 , 861 ; 2026, c. 917 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-271.2 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 14 / Article 2 / Section 22.1-271.2
Immunization requirements
Status: in_force

A. No student shall be admitted by a school unless at the time of admission the student or his parent submits documentary proof of immunization to the admitting official of the school or unless the student is exempted from immunization pursuant to subsection C or is a homeless child or youth as defined in subdivision A 7 of § 22.1-3 . If a student does not have documentary proof of immunization, the school shall notify the student or his parent (i) that it has no documentary proof of immunization for the student; (ii) that it may not admit the student without proof unless the student is exempted pursuant to subsection C, including any homeless child or youth as defined in subdivision A 7 of § 22.1-3 ; (iii) that the student may be immunized and receive certification by a licensed physician, a licensed advanced practice registered nurse, a registered nurse, or an employee of a local health department; and (iv) how to contact the local health department to learn where and when it performs these services. Neither this Commonwealth nor any school or admitting official shall be liable in damages to any person for complying with this section.

Any physician, advanced practice registered nurse, registered nurse, or local health department employee performing immunizations shall provide to any person who has been immunized or to his parent, upon request, documentary proof of immunizations conforming with the requirements of this section.

B. Any student whose immunizations are incomplete may be admitted conditionally if that student provides documentary proof at the time of enrollment of having received at least one dose of the required immunizations accompanied by a schedule for completion of the required doses within 90 calendar days. If the student requires more than two doses of hepatitis B vaccine, the conditional enrollment period shall be 180 calendar days.

The immunization record of each student admitted conditionally shall be reviewed periodically until the required immunizations have been received.

Any student admitted conditionally and who fails to comply with his schedule for completion of the required immunizations shall be excluded from school until his immunizations are resumed.

C. No certificate of immunization shall be required for the admission to school of any student if (i) the student or his parent submits an affidavit to the admitting official stating that the administration of immunizing agents conflicts with the student's religious tenets or practices; or (ii) the school has written certification from a licensed physician, a licensed advanced practice registered nurse, or a local health department that one or more of the required immunizations may be detrimental to the student's health, indicating the specific nature and probable duration of the medical condition or circumstance that contraindicates immunization.

However, if a student is a homeless child or youth as defined in subdivision A 7 of § 22.1-3 and (a) does not have documentary proof of necessary immunizations or has incomplete immunizations and (b) is not exempted from immunization pursuant to clause (i) or (ii), the school division shall immediately admit such student and shall immediately refer the student to the local school division liaison, as described in the federal McKinney-Vento Homeless Education Assistance Improvements Act of 2001, as amended (42 U.S.C. § 11431 et seq.)(the Act), who shall assist in obtaining the documentary proof of, or completing, immunization and other services required by such Act.

D. The admitting official of a school shall exclude from the school any student for whom he does not have documentary proof of immunization or notice of exemption pursuant to subsection C, including notice that such student is a homeless child or youth as defined in subdivision A 7 of § 22.1-3 .

E. Every school shall record each student's immunizations on the school immunization record. The school immunization record shall be a standardized form provided by the State Department of Health, which shall be a part of the mandatory permanent student record. Such record shall be open to inspection by officials of the State Department of Health and the local health departments.

The school immunization record shall be transferred by the school whenever the school transfers any student's permanent academic or scholastic records.

Within 30 calendar days after the beginning of each school year or entrance of a student, each admitting official shall file a report with the local health department. The report shall be filed on forms prepared by the State Department of Health and shall state the number of students admitted to school with documentary proof of immunization, the number of students who have been admitted with a medical or religious exemption and the number of students who have been conditionally admitted, including those students who are homeless children or youths as defined in subdivision A 7 of § 22.1-3 .

F. The requirement for Haemophilus Influenzae Type b immunization as provided in § 32.1-46 shall not apply to any child admitted to any grade level, kindergarten through grade 12.

G. The Board of Health shall promulgate rules and regulations for the implementation of this section in congruence with rules and regulations of the Board of Health promulgated under § 32.1-46 and in cooperation with the Board of Education.

1982, c. 510; 1983, c. 433; 1988, c. 216; 1989, c. 382; 2000, c. 476 ; 2004, c. 500 ; 2011, c. 125 ; 2012, c. 181 ; 2019, c. 586 ; 2023, c. 183 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-7 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 1 / Section 22.1-7
Responsibility of each state board, agency, and institution having children in residence or in custody
Status: in_force

A. Each state board, state agency, and state institution having children in residence or in custody shall have responsibility for providing for the education and training to such children which is at least comparable to that which would be provided to such children in the public school system. Such board, agency, or institution may provide such education and training either directly with its own facilities and personnel in cooperation with the Board of Education or under contract with a school division or any other public or private nonreligious school, agency, or institution.

B. The Board of Education shall supervise the education and training provided to school-age individuals in state training centers, and shall provide for and direct the education for school-age individuals in state hospitals operated by the Department of Behavioral Health and Developmental Services in cooperation with the Department of Behavioral Health and Developmental Services.

C. The Board shall prescribe standards and regulations for all such education and training provided directly by a state board, state agency, or state institution.

D. Each state board, state agency, or state institution providing such education and training shall submit annually its program therefor to the Board of Education for approval in accordance with regulations of the Board.

E. If any child in the custody of any state board, state agency, or state institution is a child with disabilities as defined in § 22.1-213 and such board, agency, or institution must contract with a private nonreligious school to provide special education as defined in § 22.1-213 for such child, the state board, state agency, or state institution may proceed as a guardian pursuant to the provisions of subsection A of § 22.1-218 .

F. Any person of school age who is admitted pursuant to § 16.1-338 , 16.1-339 , or 16.1-340.1 or in accordance with an order of involuntary commitment entered pursuant to §§ 16.1-341 through 16.1-345 to a state facility for children and adolescents operated by the Department of Behavioral Health and Developmental Services shall, upon admission, be permitted to participate in any education program offered in the facility that is administered by the Department of Education, regardless of his enrollment status. Information required to enroll such person in any such education program may be disclosed in accordance with state and federal law. Nothing in this subsection shall be construed to require enrollment in an education program if such person has been excused from attendance at school pursuant to subdivision B 1 of § 22.1-254 .

Code 1950, § 22-9.1:04; 1972, c. 603; 1974, c. 480; 1980, c. 559; 1985, c. 207; 1994, c. 854 ; 2005, c. 928 ; 2009, cc. 813 , 840 ; 2012, cc. 476 , 507 ; 2019, cc. 173 , 281 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-88 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 8 / Article 1 / Section 22.1-88
Of what school funds to consist
Status: in_force

The funds available to the school board of a school division for the establishment, support and maintenance of the public schools in the school division shall consist of state funds appropriated for public school purposes and apportioned to the school board, federal funds appropriated for educational purposes and apportioned to the school board, local funds appropriated to the school board by a local governing body or such funds as shall be raised by local levy as authorized by law, donations or the income arising therefrom, and any other funds that may be set apart for public school purposes.

Code 1950, § 22-116; 1971, Ex. Sess., c. 162; 1980, c. 559; 1988, c. 576.
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-238 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 13 / Article 6 / Section 22.1-238
Approval of textbooks and other high-quality instructional materials
Status: in_force

A. The Board of Education shall have the authority to approve textbooks and other high-quality instructional materials suitable for use in the public schools and shall have authority to approve instructional aids and materials for use in the public schools. The Board shall publish a list of all approved textbooks and other high-quality instructional materials on its website and shall list the publisher and the current lowest wholesale price of such textbooks and other high-quality instructional materials.

B. Any school board may use textbooks and other high-quality instructional materials not approved by the Board provided the school board selects such textbooks and other high-quality instructional materials in accordance with regulations promulgated by the Board.

1980, c. 559; 2002, c. 421 ; 2008, cc. 430 , 615 , 663 ; 2025, cc. 680 , 683 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-279.6 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 14 / Article 3 / Section 22.1-279.6
Board of Education guidelines and model policies for codes of student conduct; school board regulations
Status: in_force

A. The Board shall establish guidelines and develop model policies for codes of student conduct to aid local school boards in the implementation of such policies. The guidelines and model policies shall include (i) criteria for the removal of a student from a class, the use of suspension, expulsion, and exclusion as disciplinary measures, the grounds for suspension, expulsion, and exclusion, and the procedures to be followed in such cases, including proceedings for such suspension, expulsion, and exclusion decisions and all applicable appeals processes; (ii) standards, consistent with state, federal, and case laws, for school board policies on alcohol and drugs, gang-related activity, hazing, vandalism, trespassing, threats, search and seizure, disciplining of students with disabilities, intentional injury of others, self-defense, bullying, cyberbullying, harassment, and intimidation, and dissemination of such policies to students, their parents, and school personnel; (iii) standards for in-service training of school personnel in and examples of the appropriate management of student conduct and student offenses in violation of school board policies; (iv) standards for dress or grooming codes; and (v) standards for reducing bias and harassment in the enforcement of any code of student conduct.

In accordance with the most recent enunciation of constitutional principles by the Supreme Court of the United States of America, the Board's standards for school board policies on alcohol and drugs and search and seizure shall include guidance for procedures relating to voluntary and mandatory drug testing in schools, including which groups may be tested, use of test results, confidentiality of test information, privacy considerations, consent to the testing, need to know, and release of the test results to the appropriate school authority.

In the case of suspension and expulsion, the procedures set forth in this article shall be the minimum procedures that the school board may prescribe.

B. School boards shall adopt and revise, as required by § 22.1-253.13:7 and in accordance with the requirements of this section, regulations on codes of student conduct that are consistent with, but may be more stringent than, the guidelines of the Board. School boards shall include in the regulations on codes of student conduct procedures for suspension, expulsion, and exclusion decisions and shall biennially review the model student conduct code to incorporate discipline options and alternatives to preserve a safe, nondisruptive environment for effective teaching and learning.

C. Each school board shall include in its code of student conduct prohibitions against hazing and profane or obscene language or conduct. School boards shall also cite in their codes of student conduct the provisions of § 18.2-56 , which defines and prohibits hazing and imposes a Class 1 misdemeanor penalty for violations, that is, confinement in jail for not more than 12 months and a fine of not more than $2,500, either or both.

D. Each school board shall include in its code of student conduct policies and procedures that include a prohibition against bullying. Such policies and procedures shall (i) be consistent with the standards for school board policies on bullying and cyberbullying developed by the Board pursuant to subsection A; (ii) direct the principal or his designee to notify the parent of any student involved in an alleged incident of bullying within 24 hours of learning of the allegation of bullying; (iii) address instances of cyberbullying that occur outside of school property between students enrolled in the school division; (iv) provide protections designed to ensure that any student who is a victim of or a witness to an instance of cyberbullying is not deterred from reporting or seeking support for such instance of cyberbullying by fears of retaliation, social alienation or rejection, or other negative treatment; and (v) include a list of support services and resources available through each public school to any student who is a victim of cyberbullying relating to reporting and seeking support after experiencing an instance of cyberbullying, including mental health support services, and any information necessary to access any such support services and resources.

Such policies and procedures shall not be interpreted to infringe upon the First Amendment rights of students and are not intended to prohibit expression of religious, philosophical, or political views, provided that such expression does not cause an actual, material disruption of the work of the school.

E. A school board may regulate the use or possession of beepers or other portable communications devices and laser pointers by students on school property or attending school functions or activities and establish disciplinary procedures pursuant to this article to which students violating such regulations will be subject.

F. Nothing in this section shall be construed to require any school board to adopt policies requiring or encouraging any drug testing in schools. However, a school board may, in its discretion, require or encourage drug testing in accordance with the Board of Education's guidelines and model student conduct policies required by subsection A and the Board's guidelines for student searches required by § 22.1-279.7 .

G. The Board shall establish standards to ensure compliance with the federal Improving America's Schools Act of 1994 (Part F-Gun-Free Schools Act of 1994), as amended, in accordance with § 22.1-277.07 .

This subsection shall not be construed to diminish the authority of the Board or to diminish the Governor's authority to coordinate and provide policy direction on official communications between the Commonwealth and the United States government.

H. Each school board shall include in its code of student conduct a prohibition on possessing any retail tobacco product or hemp product intended for smoking, as those terms are defined in § 18.2-371.2 , on a school bus, on school property, or at an on-site or off-site school-sponsored activity.

I. Any school board may include in its code of student conduct a dress or grooming code. Any dress or grooming code included in a school board's code of student conduct or otherwise adopted by a school board shall (i) permit any student to wear any religiously and ethnically specific or significant head covering or hairstyle, including hijabs, yarmulkes, headwraps, braids, locs, and cornrows; (ii) maintain gender neutrality by subjecting any student to the same set of rules and standards regardless of gender; (iii) not have a disparate impact on students of a particular gender; (iv) be clear, specific, and objective in defining terms, if used; (v) prohibit any school board employee from enforcing the dress or grooming code by direct physical contact with a student or a student's attire; and (vi) prohibit any school board employee from requiring a student to undress in front of any other individual, including the enforcing school board employee, to comply with the dress or grooming code.

Code 1950, §§ 22-230.1, 22-230.2; 1972, c. 604; 1980, c. 559; 1993, cc. 819, 856, 889; 1995, cc. 724 , 801 ; 1997, cc. 391 , 585 , 608 , 830 ; 1998, c. 902 ; 1999, c. 432 ; 2000, c. 360 , §§ 22 .1-277.02:1, 22 .1-278, 22 .1-278.2; 2001, cc. 688 , 820 ; 2003, c. 899 ; 2004, cc. 574 , 908 , 939 , 955 ; 2005, cc. 461 , 484 , 520 ; 2009, c. 431 ; 2013, c. 575 ; 2014, c. 326 ; 2017, c. 684 ; 2019, cc. 172 , 246 ; 2020, c. 678 ; 2023, cc. 296 , 297 ; 2024, cc. 796 , 821 ; 2025, c. 438 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-289.049 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 14.1 / Article 8 / Section 22.1-289.049
Regulated child day programs to require proof of child identity and age; report to law-enforcement agencies
Status: in_force

A. Upon enrollment of a child in a regulated child day program, such child day program shall require information from the person enrolling the child regarding previous child day care and schools attended by the child. The regulated child day program shall also require that the person enrolling the child present the regulated child day program with the proof of the child's identity and age. The proof of identity, if reproduced or retained by the child day program or both, shall be destroyed upon the conclusion of the requisite period of retention. The procedures for the disposal, physical destruction, or other disposition of the proof of identity containing social security numbers shall include all reasonable steps to destroy such documents by (i) shredding, (ii) erasing, or (iii) otherwise modifying the social security numbers in those records to make them unreadable or indecipherable by any means.

B. For purposes of this section:

"Proof of identity" means a certified copy of a birth certificate or other reliable proof of the child's identity and age.

"Regulated child day program" is one in which a person or organization has agreed to assume responsibility for the supervision, protection, and well-being of a child under the age of 13 for less than a 24-hour period that is licensed pursuant to § 22.1-289.01 1, voluntarily registered pursuant to § 22.1-289.01 5, certified as a preschool or nursery school program pursuant to § 22.1-289.03 2, exempted from licensure as a child day center operated by a religious institution pursuant to § 22.1-289.03 1, or approved as home-based child care by a licensed home-based child care system.

C. If the parent, guardian, or other person enrolling the child in a regulated child day program for longer than two consecutive days or other pattern of regular attendance does not provide the information required by subsection A within seven business days of initial attendance, such child day program shall immediately notify the local law-enforcement agency in its jurisdiction of such failure to provide the requested information.

D. Upon receiving notification of such failure to provide the information required by subsection A, the law-enforcement agency shall, if available information warrants, immediately submit an inquiry to the Missing Children Information Clearinghouse and, with the assistance of the local department of social services, if available information warrants, conduct the appropriate investigation to determine whether the child is missing.

E. The Board shall adopt regulations to implement the provisions of this section.

2020, cc. 860 , 861 ; 2026, c. 917 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-207.5 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 13 / Article 1 / Section 22.1-207.5
Instruction in American Sign Language
Status: in_force

A. As used in this section, "American Sign Language" means the natural language recognized globally that is used by members of the deaf community and that is linguistically complete with unique rules for language structure and use that include phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, and discourse.

B. If a local school board offers one or more elective courses in American Sign Language, such school board shall (i) grant academic credit for successful completion of an American Sign Language course on the same basis as the successful completion of a foreign language course and (ii) count completion of an American Sign Language course toward the fulfillment of any foreign language requirement for graduation.

C. If a local school board does not offer any elective course in American Sign Language, such school board shall (i) grant academic credit for successful completion of an American Sign Language course offered by a comprehensive community college or a multidivision online provider approved by the Board on the same basis as the successful completion of a foreign language course and (ii) count completion of any such American Sign Language course toward the fulfillment of any foreign language requirement for graduation.

2011, c. 762 ; 2018, c. 481 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-288.2 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 14 / Article 5 / Section 22.1-288.2
Receipt, dissemination and maintenance of records of certain law-enforcement information
Status: in_force

A. A division superintendent shall disseminate the notice or information regarding an adjudication of delinquency or conviction for an offense listed in subsection G of § 16.1-260 , contained in a notice received by him pursuant to § 16.1-305.1 to school personnel responsible for the management of student records and to other relevant school personnel, including, but not limited to, the principal of the school in which the student is enrolled. The principal shall further disseminate such information to licensed instructional personnel and other school personnel who (i) provide direct educational or support services to the student and (ii) have a legitimate educational interest in such information.

B. A parent, guardian or other person having control or charge of a student in a public school and, with consent of a parent or in compliance with a court order, the court in which the disposition was rendered, shall be notified in writing of any disciplinary action taken with regard to any incident upon which the adjudication of delinquency or conviction for an offense listed in subsection G of § 16.1-260 was based and the reasons therefor. The parent or guardian shall also be notified of his or her right to review, and to request an amendment of, the student's scholastic record, in accordance with regulations of the Board of Education governing the management of scholastic records.

Every notice of adjudication of delinquency or conviction for an offense listed in subsection G of § 16.1-260 received by a superintendent, and information contained in the notice, which is not a disciplinary record as defined in Board of Education regulations, shall be maintained by him and by any others to whom he disseminates it, separately from all other records concerning the student. However, if the school administrators or the school board takes disciplinary action against a student based upon an incident which formed the basis for the adjudication of delinquency or conviction for an offense listed in subsection G of § 16.1-260 , the notice shall become a part of the student's disciplinary record.

C. When a superintendent receives notice of the filing of a petition from the intake officer in accordance with § 16.1-260 , or upon request of a court services unit for information made in conjunction with the preparation of a social history report pursuant to § 16.1-273 , the superintendent shall provide information regarding the student's educational and attendance status to the intake officer or court services unit, as the case may be. Whenever a division superintendent receives notice of a student's commitment to the Department of Juvenile Justice, the superintendent or his designee shall participate in the development of a reenrollment plan as provided in § 16.1-293 .

1994, cc. 835 , 913 ; 1995, c. 429 ; 1996, cc. 755 , 914 ; 1998, c. 870 ; 2003, c. 119 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-127 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 9 / Article 1 / Section 22.1-127
Condemnation of land for school purposes; right of entry; location of school outside boundaries of school division
Status: in_force

A school board shall have the power to exercise the right of eminent domain and may condemn land or other property or any interest or estate therein, including dwellings, yards, gardens or orchards, necessary for public school purposes pursuant to the provisions of Chapter 2 (§ 25.1-200 et seq.) of Title 25.1 and in the manner provided by Chapter 3 (§ 25.1-300 et seq.) of Title 25.1. To determine the suitability of the land for school purposes, a school board shall have the same right of entry under the same conditions as a county, city, or town pursuant to § 25.1-203 . A school board shall have no authority to locate any school which was not begun prior to January 1, 1978, on property outside the boundaries of the school division unless the school board first obtains the approval of the governing body of the county, city or town in which a proposed school will be located.

Code 1950, §§ 22-97, 22-149; 1952, c. 87; 1954, c. 291; 1959, Ex. Sess., c. 79, § 1; 1966, c. 273; 1968, c. 501; 1971, Ex. Sess., c. 161; 1972, c. 549; 1973, c. 186; 1975, cc. 308, 328; 1978, c. 430; 1980, c. 559; 1994, c. 786 ; 2003, c. 940 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-279.3:3 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 14 / Article 3 / Section 22.1-279.3:3
Alternative school discipline process for certain incidents
Status: in_force

A. A school board may establish an alternative school discipline process to provide the parties involved in an incident of assault or assault and battery, without bodily injury, of any person on a school bus, on school property, or at a school-sponsored activity the option to enter into a mutually agreed-upon process between the involved parties. Such process shall be designed to hold the student accountable for a noncriminal offense through a mutually agreed-upon standard.

B. If provided for in the process established by the school board, no principal shall report to the local law-enforcement agency a party who successfully completes the alternative school discipline process. If the parties fail to agree to participate in the process or fail to successfully complete the alternative school discipline process, then the principal may report the incident to the local law-enforcement agency.

2020, c. 876 ; 2022, cc. 793 , 794 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-212.1 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 13 / Article 1 / Section 22.1-212.1
Obligations of school boards
Status: in_force

Pursuant to § 1-511 , school boards shall have no obligation to teach the standard curriculum, except courses in foreign languages, in a language other than English. School boards shall endeavor to provide instruction in the English language which shall be designed to promote the education of students for whom English is a second language.

1981, c. 185; 1986, c. 466; 1996, c. 829 ; 2005, c. 839 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-205.1 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 13 / Article 1 / Section 22.1-205.1
High school student parking passes; valid driver's license required
Status: in_force

Each public high school shall require any student who applies to obtain a pass to park a vehicle on school property to provide evidence that the student possesses a valid driver's license or driver privilege card. The Department shall develop, and each public high school shall utilize, a standard application form for students to use to obtain a pass to park a vehicle on school property.

2021, Sp. Sess. I, cc. 74 , 75 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-304 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 15 / Article 2 / Section 22.1-304
Reemployment of teacher who has not achieved continuing contract status; effect of continuing contract; resignation of teacher; reduction in number of teachers
Status: in_force

A. If a teacher who has not achieved continuing contract status receives notice of reemployment, he must accept or reject in writing within 15 days of receipt of such notice. Except as provided in § 22.1-305 and except in the case of a reduction in force as provided in subsection F, written notice of nonrenewal of the probationary contract must be given by the school board on or before June 15 of each year. If no such notice is given a teacher by June 15, the teacher shall be entitled to a contract for the ensuing year in accordance with local salary stipulations including increments.

B. Teachers employed after completing the probationary period shall be entitled to continuing contracts during good behavior and competent service. Written notice of noncontinuation of the contract by the teacher must be given by June 15 of each year; otherwise, the contract continues in effect for the ensuing year in conformity with local salary stipulations including increments.

C. A teacher may resign after June 15 of any school year with the approval of the local school board or, upon authorization by the school board, with the approval of the division superintendent. The teacher shall request release from contract at least two weeks in advance of intended date of resignation. Such request shall be in writing and shall set forth the cause of resignation.

If the division superintendent has been authorized to approve resignations, a teacher may, within one week, withdraw a request to resign. Upon the expiration of the one-week period, the division superintendent shall notify the school board of his decision to accept or reject the resignation. The school board, within two weeks, may reverse the decision of the division superintendent.

In the event that the board or the division superintendent declines to grant the request for release on the grounds of insufficient or unjustifiable cause, and the teacher breaches such contract, disciplinary action, which may include written reprimand, suspension, or revocation of the teacher's license, may be taken pursuant to regulations prescribed by the Board of Education.

D. As soon after June 15 as the school budget shall have been approved by the appropriating body, the school board shall furnish each teacher a statement confirming continuation of employment, setting forth assignment and salary.

Nothing in the continuing contract shall be construed to authorize the school board to contract for any financial obligation beyond the period for which funds have been made available with which to meet such obligation.

E. A school board may reduce the number of teachers, whether or not such teachers have reached continuing contract status, because of decrease in enrollment or abolition of particular subjects.

F. Within two weeks of the approval of the school budget by the appropriating body, but no later than July 1, school boards shall notify all teachers who may be subject to a reduction in force due to a decrease in the school board's budget as approved by the appropriating body.

G. If a school board implements a reduction in workforce pursuant to this section, such reduction shall not be made solely on the basis of seniority but must include consideration of, among other things, the performance evaluations of the teachers potentially affected by the reduction in workforce.

Code 1950, § 22-217.4; 1968, c. 691; 1978, c. 147; 1979, c. 98; 1980, c. 559; 1992, c. 132; 1993, c. 294; 1996, c. 840 ; 2000, c. 709 ; 2001, c. 540 ; 2002, c. 714 ; 2003, c. 706 ; 2012, cc. 106 , 687 ; 2013, cc. 588 , 650 ; 2019, c. 587 ; 2020, c. 513 ; 2026, cc. 333 , 911 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-112 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 8 / Article 3 / Section 22.1-112
Deposit and disbursement of donations
Status: in_force

Any donations made to the Board of Education or to any member thereof for the benefit of any public school or schools in the Commonwealth shall, upon acceptance, be paid into the state treasury and kept in a separate account on the books of the Comptroller. Such donations shall be expended by the Board in accordance with the wishes of the donor.

Code 1950, § 22-145; 1980, c. 559.
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-166.1 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 11 / Section 22.1-166.1
Loans to local school boards
Status: in_force

The Authority is authorized to make loans or loan interest rate subsidy payments, from any of the funds of the Authority available for such purpose, to local school boards for the purpose of acquiring and installing capital projects for school purposes for which loans from the Literary Fund are not immediately available. For the purpose of this section and § 22.1-166.2 , capital projects for school purposes shall mean motor vehicles and educational technology equipment.

A. No loan from the Authority shall exceed 100 percent of the cost of the capital project for school purposes for which such loan is made.

B. A loan from the Authority shall be evidenced by notes payable to the Authority, executed or signed by the chairman of the school board, with the approval of the local governing body, attested by the clerk thereof and deposited with the State Treasurer. Payments of interest and principal on such notes shall be made to the State Treasurer. Any loan from the Authority shall be repayable in installments as shall be approved by the local school board, as appropriate, with the final installment being due not more than thirty years after the date of such loan. The time of payment may be extended in the discretion of the Authority.

C. The local governing bodies and the local school boards of the several school divisions are authorized to borrow money from the Authority, at such rate or rates, fixed or variable, as shall be approved by the local school board; any local school board to borrow from the Authority shall first make written application to the Authority for such loan on a form to be prescribed by the Authority.

D. The governing body of any county, city, or town, if the town constitutes the school division, in which the local school board has borrowed money from the Authority shall include in its levies, and appropriate to the local school board, a fund sufficient to meet the liabilities of the local school board on such loan if and to the extent such liabilities are not otherwise provided for by the General Assembly. The governing body of any county in which the local school board has borrowed money from the Authority for capital projects located in a town in such county constituting a separate school division shall have authority to include, in its levies for such town, a levy sufficient to meet the liabilities of the local school board on such loan if and to the extent such liabilities are not otherwise provided for by the General Assembly and shall levy a separate tax in the rest of the county to meet its liabilities on any contract for capital projects outside such town. In the event that such local school board shall fail to pay any installment of interest or principal promptly, upon notice in writing to that effect from the State Treasurer, the county, city, or town treasurer shall pay to the State Treasurer any such past due installment of interest or principal out of the funds in his hands belonging to such county, city, or town. The failure of such governing body to provide for the payment of such loan or the interest thereon when and as due shall be deemed a cause for removal of the members thereof from office on motion before the circuit court having jurisdiction in such county, city, or town, instituted by the attorney for the Commonwealth of such county or city or by the Attorney General where the attorney for the Commonwealth refuses or neglects to act after demand on him to proceed.

E. The local school board of any school division composed of part or all of a county, with the approval of the governing body of the county, is authorized to borrow from the Authority for the purpose of financing capital projects in such county to serve a portion of such county. Taxes on property in the magisterial districts served by such capital projects shall be levied by the governing body of the county and collected for the purpose of repaying such loan; for the purposes of this section, a magisterial district shall not include a town constituting a separate school division but the governing body of the county may levy a separate tax on property in a town in such county constituting a separate school division to repay money borrowed by such county from the Authority for the purpose of financing capital projects in such town. Except as otherwise provided by this subsection, all other provisions of law relating to loans from the Authority shall apply to a loan authorized by this subsection.

F. Any local school board which is indebted for any money borrowed from the Authority may anticipate the payment of the principal amount of any such loans, or any part thereof, by the payment of such principal amount with interest thereon to the date of such anticipated payment and may borrow money and issue bonds for the purpose of raising funds to pay any notes or other obligations of the local school board now and hereafter held by the Authority.

1990, c. 909.
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-10 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 2 / Section 22.1-10
President
Status: in_force

The Board shall elect from its membership a president for a term of two years.

Code 1950, § 22-13; 1971, Ex. Sess., c. 203; 1980, c. 559.
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-305.1 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 15 / Article 2 / Section 22.1-305.1
Mentor teacher programs
Status: in_force

A. The Board of Education shall establish, from such funds as may be appropriated by the General Assembly, mentor teacher programs utilizing specially trained public school teachers as mentors to provide assistance and professional support to teachers entering the profession and to improve the performance of experienced teachers who are not performing at an acceptable level.

The Board shall issue guidelines for such mentor teacher programs and shall set criteria for beginning and experienced teacher participation, including self-referral, and the qualifications and training of mentor teachers. Such guidelines shall provide that the mentor programs be administered by local school boards, with the assistance of an advisory committee made up of teachers, principals, and supervisors, and that mentors (i) be classroom teachers who have achieved continuing contract status and who work in the same building as the teachers they are assisting or be instructional personnel who are assigned solely as mentors; (ii) be assigned a limited number of teachers at one time; however, instructional personnel who are not assigned solely as mentors should not be assigned to more than four teachers at one time; and (iii) guide teachers in the program through demonstrations, observations, and consultations to promote instructional excellence. Local school boards shall strive to provide adequate release time for mentor teachers during the contract day.

B. The local school board shall serve as fiscal agent for the participating school boards in matters concerning the mentor teacher programs. The Department of Education shall allocate, from such funds as are appropriated, moneys to participating school divisions for the purpose of supporting such programs which shall include, but not be limited to, compensation for mentor teachers.

1989, c. 516; 1999, cc. 1030 , 1037 ; 2013, cc. 588 , 650 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-158 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 10 / Section 22.1-158
Provisions for payment
Status: in_force

The governing body of any county, city or town, if the town constitutes the school division, in which the school board has borrowed money from the Literary Fund shall include in its levies and appropriate to the school board a fund sufficient to meet the liabilities of the school board on such loan for the construction or renovation or enlarging of any school building, regardless of whether the title to the site is held by the school board, the local governing body or by a third party with whom the school board has entered into a long-term lease. The governing body of any county in which the school board thereof has borrowed money from the Literary Fund for construction of school facilities located in a town in such county constituting a separate school division shall have authority to include in its levies for such town, a levy sufficient to meet the liabilities of the school board on such loan and shall levy a separate tax in the rest of the county to meet its liabilities on any contract for school facilities constructed outside such town. In the event that such school board shall fail to pay any installment of interest or principal promptly, upon notice in writing to that effect from the State Treasurer, the county, city or town treasurer shall pay to the State Treasurer any such past-due installment of interest or principal, out of the funds in his hands belonging to such county, city or town. The failure of such governing body to provide for the payment of such loan or the interest thereon when and as due shall be deemed a cause for removal of the members thereof from office on motion before the circuit court having jurisdiction in such county, city or town, instituted by the attorney for the Commonwealth of such county or city or by the Attorney General where the attorney for the Commonwealth refuses or neglects to act after demand is made on him to proceed.

For the purposes of this section, "long-term lease" means a lease for a term of twenty-five years or more.

Code 1950, § 22-113; 1976, c. 334; 1980, c. 559; 1998, c. 719 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-293 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 15 / Article 2 / Section 22.1-293
School boards authorized to employ principals and assistant principals; license required; powers and duties
Status: in_force

A. A school board, upon recommendation of the division superintendent, may employ principals and assistant principals. Persons employed in these positions shall hold licenses as prescribed by the Board of Education.

B. A principal shall provide instructional leadership in, shall be responsible for the administration of, and shall supervise the operation and management of the school or schools and property to which he has been assigned, in accordance with the rules and regulations of the school board and under the supervision of the division superintendent.

C. A principal may submit recommendations to the division superintendent for the appointment, assignment, promotion, transfer, and dismissal of all personnel assigned to his supervision. Principals must have received training, provided pursuant to § 22.1-253.13:5 , in the evaluation and documentation of employee performance, which evaluation and documentation shall include, but shall not be limited to, employee skills and knowledge and student academic progress, prior to submitting such recommendations. Assistant principals and other supervisory personnel participating in the evaluation and documentation of employee performance must also have received such training in the evaluation and documentation of employee performance.

D. A principal shall perform such other duties as may be assigned by the division superintendent pursuant to the rules and regulations of the school board.

Code 1950, § 22-217.9; 1973, c. 223; 1980, c. 559; 1992, c. 132; 1999, cc. 1030 , 1037 ; 2013, cc. 588 , 650 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-17.01 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 2 / Section 22.1-17.01
Definition of "intervener."
Status: in_force

For the purposes of regulations promulgated by the Board of Education, "intervener" means an individual with knowledge and skill in the mode of communication of a deaf-blind student and who can communicate to the deaf-blind student what is occurring in the student's educational setting.

2013, c. 729 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-26.1 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 4 / Section 22.1-26.1
Agreements for satellite classrooms
Status: in_force

A. School boards may enter into agreements with private business and industry for the establishment, installation, renovation, remodeling, or construction of satellite classrooms for grades kindergarten through three on a site owned by the business or industry and leased to the school board at no cost.

The local school board may adopt procedures for the enrollment of children of employees of the private industry who reside outside the attendance zone for such classrooms. Such procedures shall be designed to ensure compliance with all federal and state laws and regulations and constitutional provisions prohibiting discrimination that are applicable to public schools and with any court-ordered desegregation plan in effect for the school division.

Agreements for such satellite classrooms shall include, among other things:

1. A detailed description of the satellite site, the site development necessary for new construction, remodeling, or renovation for the accomplishment of the project, and any facility to be constructed.

2. A plan for the reimbursement of the school division by the private industry or business upon premature termination of any such lease agreement.

3. An enrollment plan, including grade levels to be served.

4. A description of any waivers to be requested from the Board of Education for the operation of such satellite classrooms.

B. The relevant governing body may, by ordinance duly adopted, exempt in whole or in part from any and all taxes authorized pursuant to Chapter 37 (§ 58.1-3700 et seq.) of Title 58.1, private businesses and industries entering into agreements pursuant to this section.

2002, c. 717 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-130 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 9 / Article 1 / Section 22.1-130
Authority to acquire property from United States or any agency thereof
Status: in_force

A. Notwithstanding the provisions of any other law or of any charter or any ordinance, any school board may, by resolution, authorize the acquisition and purchase from the United States or any agency thereof of any equipment, supplies, materials, or other property, real or personal, in such manner as such school board may determine.

B. It is the purpose of this section to enable school boards to secure from time to time promptly the benefits of acquisitions and purchases as authorized by this section, to aid them in securing advantageous purchases, to prevent unemployment and thereby to assist in promotion of public welfare and to these ends school boards shall have power to do all things necessary or convenient to carry out such purpose, in addition to the expressed power conferred by this section. This section is remedial in nature and the powers hereby granted shall be liberally construed.

Code 1950, § 22-151; 1980, c. 559.
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-71 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 7 / Section 22.1-71
School board constitutes body corporate; corporate powers
Status: in_force

The duly appointed or elected members shall constitute the school board. Every such school board is declared a body corporate and, in its corporate capacity, is vested with all the powers and charged with all the duties, obligations and responsibilities imposed upon school boards by law and may sue, be sued, contract, be contracted with and, in accordance with the provisions of this title, purchase, take, hold, lease and convey school property, both real and personal. School board members appointed or elected by district or otherwise shall have no organization or duties except such as may be assigned to them by the school board as a whole.

Code 1950, §§ 22-63, 22-94; 1980, c. 559; 1998, c. 102 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-164 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 11 / Section 22.1-164
Board of Commissioners; membership; terms; compensation and expenses; chairman and vice-chairman; quorum; employees, agents, etc
Status: in_force

All powers, rights and duties conferred by this chapter or other provisions of law upon the Authority shall be exercised by the Board of Commissioners of the Virginia Public School Authority. The Board of Commissioners shall consist of the State Treasurer, the State Comptroller, the Superintendent of Public Instruction or his designee, and five additional members to be appointed by the Governor, subject to confirmation by the General Assembly, who shall serve at the pleasure of the Governor for terms of six years each. Appointments to fill vacancies other than by expiration of term shall be made for the unexpired terms. The chairman and members of the Board of Commissioners shall receive such compensation as provided for by law.

The Governor shall designate one member of the Board of Commissioners as chairman who shall serve a two-year term. No member shall be eligible to serve more than two consecutive terms as chairman. The chairman shall be the chief executive officer of the Authority and shall receive such compensation as the Governor shall fix. The State Treasurer, the State Comptroller, the Superintendent of Public Instruction and his designee shall be ineligible to serve as chairman. The chairman shall sign and execute all vouchers for the disbursement of funds belonging to the Authority upon authorization by the Board. Five members of the Board of Commissioners shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of all business of the Authority. The Board of Commissioners shall elect one of its members as vice-chairman, who shall exercise the powers of the chairman when so directed by the chairman.

The Board of Commissioners may employ or retain such employees, agents, financial advisers and attorneys as it may deem necessary and fix their compensation.

Code 1950, § 22-29.4; 1962, c. 194; 1972, c. 745; 1976, c. 22; 1980, cc. 559, 728; 2011, cc. 691 , 714 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-33 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 5 / Article 1 / Section 22.1-33
Special districts continued
Status: in_force

Special town school districts which now exist for the purposes of representation on division school boards shall continue.

Code 1950, § 22-43; 1954, c. 638; 1964, c. 490; 1971, Ex. Sess., c. 225; 1980, c. 559.
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-289.040 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 14.1 / Article 5 / Section 22.1-289.040
Child day centers and home-based child care receiving federal, state, or local child care funds; eligibility requirements
Status: in_force

A. Whenever any child day center or home-based child care that has not met the requirements of §§ 22.1-289.03 5, 22.1-289.03 6, and 22.1-289.03 9 applies to enter into a contract with the Department or its agents or designees to provide child care services to clients of the Department or its agents or designees, the Department or its agents or designees shall require a background check, at the time of application to enter into a contract and every five years thereafter, of (i) the applicant; any agents involved in the day-to-day operation; all agents who are alone with, in control of, or supervising one or more of the children; and any other adult living in a home in which home-based child care is provided pursuant to § 22.1-289.03 6; and (ii) all applicants for employment, employees, applicants to serve as volunteers, and volunteers pursuant to § 22.1-289.03 5. The child day center or home-based child care shall not be permitted to enter into a contract with the Department or its agents or designees for child care services when an applicant; any employee; a prospective employee; a volunteer, an agent involved in the day-to-day operation; an agent alone with, in control of, or supervising one or more children; or any other adult living in a home in which home-based child care is provided (i) has been convicted of any barrier crime as defined in § 19.2-392.02 or (ii) is the subject of a founded complaint of child abuse or neglect within or outside the Commonwealth. Further dissemination of the information provided to the facility, beyond dissemination to the Department or its agents or designees is prohibited.

B. Every child day center or home-based child care provider that enters into a contract with the Department or its agents or designees to provide child care services to clients of the Department or its agents or designees that is funded, in whole or in part, by the Child Care and Development Block Grant, shall comply with all requirements established by federal law and regulations.

2020, cc. 860 , 861 ; 2026, c. 917 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-230 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 13 / Article 5 / Section 22.1-230
Approval of corporation's articles and bylaws
Status: in_force

No school board shall contract with a corporation for establishment of a career and technical education project unless its articles of incorporation and bylaws have been approved by the Board of Education.

Code 1950, § 22-330.39; 1974, c. 336; 1980, c. 559; 2001, c. 483 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-79.8 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 7 / Section 22.1-79.8
Policies regarding job assistance for certain persons
Status: in_force

The Department of Education and local school boards shall adopt policies to implement the provisions of 20 U.S.C. § 7926 that prohibit any local school board or any individual who is an employee, contractor, or agent of a local school board from assisting an employee, contractor, or agent of such local school board in obtaining a new job if such local school board or individual knows or has probable cause to believe that the employee, contractor, or agent engaged in sexual misconduct regarding a minor or student in violation of law.

2018, cc. 513 , 514 .
Va. Code Ann. § 22.1-290.02 — Virginia Code / Title 22.1 / Chapter 15 / Article 1 / Section 22.1-290.02
Traineeships for education of special education personnel
Status: in_force

A. There are hereby established traineeships that shall be awarded to persons who are interested in working in programs for the education of children with disabilities for either part-time or full-time study in programs designed to qualify them as special education personnel in the public schools. Applicants for such traineeships shall be graduates of a recognized institution of higher education.

B. The award of such traineeships shall be made by the State Board, and the number of awards during any one year shall depend upon the amounts appropriated by the General Assembly for this purpose. The amount awarded for each traineeship shall be $450 for a minimum of six semester hours of course work in areas relating to special education to be taken by the applicant during a single semester or summer session.

C. This program shall be administered by the Department of Education under rules and regulations promulgated by the State Board.

2014, c. 484 ; 2023, cc. 148 , 149 .