75 Pa.C.S. § 27 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 27 / Section 27
Repeal of Pa. Code provisions.
Status: in_force

The provisions of 67 Pa. Code §§ 75.25, 75.26, 75.27 and 75.28 are repealed upon the publication of testing procedures as set forth in 75 Pa.C.S. § 1607(a) in the Pennsylvania Bulletin. 1997, APRIL 17, P.L.6, NO.3 § 20. Additional revenue from fee increases. The additional revenue derived from increases in fees specified under 75 Pa.C.S. §§ 1912, 1913, 1914, 1915, 1916, 1917, 1921, 1922, 1923, 1924, 1925, 1926, 1926.1, 1927, 1929, 1932, 1933 and 1952 shall be deposited in the Motor License Fund and is hereby appropriated for the use of the Department of Transportation for new highway capital projects. Of this amount $28,000,000 of the proceeds deposited in the Motor License Fund pursuant to this section is hereby appropriated to the Pennsylvania Turnpike Commission annually, to be distributed in the monthly amount of $2,333,333.33, for toll roads designated under the act of September 30, 1985 (P.L.240, No.61), known as the Turnpike Organization, Extension and Toll Road Conversion Act. This section shall operate as a pledge, by the Commonwealth to an individual or entity that acquires a bond issued by the commission, to:

(1) secure the portion of the money described in this section and distributed under this section; and

(2) not limit or alter the rights vested in the commission to the appropriation and distribution of the money set forth in this section. Explanatory Note. Act 3 amended, added or repealed sections 1303, 1310, 1310.1, 1311 and 1315 of Title 74 and sections 1307,

1318, 1912, 1913, 1914, 1915, 1916, 1917, 1920, 1921, 1922, 1923, 1924, 1925, 1926, 1926.1, 1927, 1929, 1932, 1933, 1952, 4702, 4904, 4908, 4921 and 4923, Chapter 90 and sections 9101, 9102, 9104, 9106, 9401, 9402, 9403, 9404, 9405, 9501, 9502, 9503, 9504, 9505, 9506, 9507, 9508, 9509, 9510, 9511.1, 9602, 9603 and 9606 of Title 75. § 21. Legislative intent.

(a) Liquid fuels tax collection points.--It is the intent of this act to move the collection point of both the fuel use tax and oil company franchise tax to the distributor level currently used for the collection of liquid fuels tax. It is also the intent of this act that no fuels or liquid fuels will be subject to double taxation as a result of the movement of the point of collection. The Department of Revenue is authorized to take reasonable and necessary steps to prevent such double taxation.

(b) Codification of The Liquid Fuels Tax Act and the Fuel Use Tax Act.--The addition of 75 Pa.C.S. Ch. 90 is a codification of the act of May 21, 1931 (P.L.149, No.105), known as The Liquid Fuels Tax Act, and the act of January 14, 1952 (1951 P.L.1965, No.550), known as the Fuel Use Tax Act, and is intended as a continuation of those acts.

(c) Liability of dealer-users.--Notwithstanding the repeal of the Fuel Use Tax Act and the movement of the point of taxation for fuels to the distributor level, it is the intent of this act that dealer-users shall, after the effective date of the change in the point of taxation, remain liable for and continue to report and pay the fuel use tax on the use of any fuels upon which the tax imposed by 75 Pa.C.S. § 9004 has not been previously imposed and paid. The department is authorized to prescribe by published notice reasonable measures for such reporting and payment.

(d) Computation of "cents-per-gallon equivalent basis".--For purposes of the "cents-per-gallon equivalent basis" computation provided in 75 Pa.C.S. §§ 9002 and 9004 for the period from the effective date of such provisions to the following January 1, the department shall employ an average wholesale price of 90¢, and no determination or notice of that price is required. 1999, JUNE 25, P.L.164, NO.23
75 Pa.C.S. § 1341.1 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 13 / Section 1341.1
Personal organization registration plates.
Status: in_force

(a) General rule.--The department may, upon application of any person and upon payment of the additional fee under this section, issue a personal organization registration plate to applicants for special registration plates authorized in this chapter.

(b) Additional fee.--

(1) The department shall collect an additional fee of $100 for personal organization registration plates issued under subsection (a).

(2) For any personal plate issued under sections 1338 (relating to person with disability plate and placard) and 1342 (relating to veteran plates and placard), the department shall collect only an additional fee of $50. (Mar. 19, 2014, P.L.361, No.23, eff. 120 days) 2014 Amendment. Act 23 added section 1341.1.
75 Pa.C.S. § 9505 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 95 / Section 9505
Extension of time to file reports (Repealed).
Status: repealed

1997 Repeal. Section 9505 was repealed April 17, 1997, P.L.6, No.3, effective July 1, 1997.
75 Pa.C.S. § 8518 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 85 / Section 8518
Equipment.
Status: in_force

(a) Prohibition.--No authorized entity may operate a personal delivery device on a roadway, or shoulder or berm of a roadway, or pedestrian area that does not meet the requirements of this section.

(b) Minimum equipment standards.--A PDD operated by an authorized entity shall:

(1) Have a maximum width of 32 inches.

(2) Have a maximum length of 42 inches.

(3) Have a maximum height of 72 inches.

(4) Be equipped with a braking system that brings the PDD to a complete stop from an initial speed of 25 miles an hour or less.

(5) Be equipped with a lamp that emits a beam of white light intended to illuminate the personal delivery device's path and is visible from a distance of at least 500 feet to the front and a lamp emitting a red flashing light, light-emitting diode or device visible from a distance of 500 feet to the rear. An authorized entity may supplement the required front lamp with a white flashing lamp, light-emitting diode or similar device to enhance its visibility to other traffic.

(6) Be equipped with software, equipment or technologies to comply with section 8514(b)(2)(v) (relating to application).

(c) Identifying markings.--A personal delivery device shall prominently display, in a size and manner determined by the department, the following information:

(1) The name of the authorized entity.

(2) The unique identification number assigned to the PDD and submitted to the department under section 8514(b)(8).

(3) A telephone number of the authorized entity to report a violation of this title, an accident or an insurance claim. Cross References. Section 8518 is referred to in section 8516 of this title.
75 Pa.C.S. § 1375 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 13 / Section 1375
Suspension of registration of unapproved carriers.
Status: in_force

(a) General rule.--The department shall suspend the registration of any vehicle upon the presentation to the department of a certificate of the Pennsylvania Public Utility Commission or notice of the Philadelphia Parking Authority setting forth, after hearing and investigation, that the commission or the Philadelphia Parking Authority has found and determined that the vehicle has been operated as a common carrier or contract carrier by motor vehicle within this Commonwealth without the approval of the commission or the Philadelphia Parking Authority and either that no appeal was filed from such determination in the manner and within the time provided by law or that the determination was affirmed on appeal.

(b) Rescission of suspension.--Any suspension of registration under this section may be rescinded by the department upon the petition of the owner of such vehicle or of the lessee provided the petition is accompanied by a

certificate of the Pennsylvania Public Utility Commission setting forth that the commission does not object to the rescission. (July 14, 2005, P.L.285, No.50, eff. 60 days) 2005 Amendment. Act 50 amended subsec. (a). Cross References. Section 1375 is referred to in section 3310 of Title 66 (Public Utilities).
75 Pa.C.S. § 1572 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 15 / Section 1572
Cancellation of driver's license.
Status: in_force

(a) General rule.--

(1) The department may cancel any driver's license upon determining that one of the following applies:

(i) The licensee was not entitled to the issuance.

(ii) The person failed to give the required or correct information on an application or certification or committed fraud in making the application or in obtaining the license.

(iii) The license has been materially altered.

(iv) The fee has not been paid.

(v) The licensee voluntarily surrenders his driving privilege.

(2) Upon the cancellation, the licensee shall immediately surrender the canceled license to the department.

(b) Other states.--The department shall cancel a driver's license issued to an individual who has applied for a Pennsylvania driver's license after the commission of an offense in another state which later resulted in suspension, revocation or disqualification in the other state if the offense would have resulted in the suspension, revocation or disqualification under this title or where the offense was substantially similar to offenses which in this State would have caused a suspension, revocation or disqualification. (July 10, 1990, P.L.356, No.83, eff. 60 days; Dec. 21, 1998, P.L.1126, No.151, eff. imd.; Jan. 27, 2012, P.L.1, No.1, eff. imd.)

Amendment. Act 1 amended subsec. (a)(1)(ii). 1998 Amendment. Act 151 amended subsec. (b). Cross References. Section 1572 is referred to in sections 1550, 1611 of this title.
75 Pa.C.S. § 7502 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 75 / Section 7502
Certificate of authorization (Deleted by amendment).
Status: in_force

2002 Amendment. Section 7502 was deleted by amendment December 9, 2002, P.L.1278, No.152, effective in six months.
75 Pa.C.S. § 8912 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 89 / Section 8912
Subsequent extension authorizations.
Status: in_force

The commission is also hereby authorized and empowered to construct, operate and maintain further extensions and improvements of the turnpike at such specific locations and according to such schedules as shall be deemed feasible and which shall be approved by the commission, subject to the waiver of the Federal toll prohibition provisions where applicable, as follows:

(1) From an interchange with Interstate Route 70 between existing interchanges at Lover and Speers extending northerly to an interchange with Interstate Route 376 in Pittsburgh extending northwesterly toward the Midfield Terminal, Greater Pittsburgh Airport, Southern Beltway, Extension of the Findlay Connector along Interstate 79 and also extending southerly connecting with the existing interchange between U.S. Route 40 and the Mon Valley Expressway (L.R.1125).

(2) From a point at or near the existing interchange between U.S. Route 40 and the Mon Valley Expressway (L.R.1125) in Fayette County southeasterly along U.S. Route 40 to Uniontown and continuing southerly along Pa. Route 857 to the West Virginia border.

(3) From an interchange with the turnpike at or near Interchange 10 extending northerly generally following and coincident where feasible with existing U.S. Route 219 to an interchange with Interstate Route 80 at or near Interchange 16.

(4) Construction of an interchange for access to the International Distribution Center at the Wilkes-Barre-Scranton International Airport in Luzerne County on the Northeast Extension of the Pennsylvania Turnpike System.

(5) From a point at or near Turnpike Interchange 10 southerly generally along U.S. Route 219 to the Maryland border.

(6) From a point at or near Interstate Route 80 Interchange 16 northerly generally along U.S. Route 219 to a connection with the existing U.S. Route 219 Expressway south of Bradford in McKean County. Cross References. Section 8912 is referred to in sections 8913, 8914, 8915 of this title.
75 Pa.C.S. § 4571 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 45 / Section 4571
Visual and audible signals on emergency vehicles.
Status: in_force

(a) General rule.--Every emergency vehicle shall be equipped with one or more revolving or flashing red lights and an audible warning system. Spotlights with adjustable sockets may be attached to or mounted on emergency vehicles.

(b) Police, sheriff, fire and coroner or medical examiner vehicles.--

(1) Police, sheriff, coroner, medical examiner or fire police vehicles may in addition to the requirements of subsection (a) be equipped with one or more revolving or flashing blue lights. The combination of red and blue lights may be used only on police, sheriff, coroner, medical examiner or fire police vehicles.

(2) Unmarked police and sheriff vehicles used as emergency vehicles and equipped with audible warning systems shall be equipped with the lights described in this subsection.

(b.1) Mounted lights and additional equipment.--

(1) Police, sheriff and fire vehicles may be equipped with a mounted rack containing one or more emergency warning lights or side mounted floodlights or alley lights or all such lights in conformance with department regulations.

(1.1) Nothing contained in the regulations under paragraph (1) may be construed to require a limit, modification or change of the lighting in police, sheriff and fire vehicles legally complying with regulations as of the date of enactment of this paragraph as long as the vehicle is used as an emergency vehicle.

(2) Additional visual or audible warning signal equipment, including, but not limited to, flashing headlamp system, flashing or revolving white or clear lights, steady burning lights, traffic-control emergency directional light assembly, amber lights and intersection lights, may be utilized on emergency vehicles in accordance with regulations promulgated by the department.

(3) The department may not prohibit the use of flashing or revolving lights mounted internally in the passenger compartment of fire department vehicles or privately owned vehicles used in answering an emergency call when used by a fire police captain, fire police lieutenant, fire chief, assistant chief and, when a fire company has three or more fire vehicles, a second or third assistant chief that comply with the department's regulations.

(3.1) Police and sheriff vehicles may be equipped with flashing red and blue lights in reverse lamp assemblies.

(3.2) Emergency vehicles, other than police vehicles, may be equipped with flashing red lights in reverse lamp assemblies.

(4) On an annual basis, but no later than April 1 of each year, the State Fire Commissioner may recommend to the department any changes or challenges to the emerging technology of the flashing or revolving lights mounted internally or externally in privately owned vehicles of volunteer firefighters when used in answering an emergency call. The department, in consultation with the Pennsylvania State Police, shall review the recommendations and may promulgate any necessary regulations on the use, type and installation of the emerging technology.

(b.2) Police officer special emergency response team members.--A privately owned vehicle used in responding to an emergency under 42 Pa.C.S. § 8953 (relating to Statewide municipal police jurisdiction) by a police officer who is also a member of a county or regional special emergency response team shall be equipped with revolving or flashing red lights and an audible warning system in accordance with subsection (a) subject to the lights and audible warning system being returned to the head of the special emergency response team upon termination of a person's active status as a police officer or active member of a special emergency response team.

(c) Game Commission vehicles.--(Repealed).

(c.1) Public Utility Commission vehicles.--Vehicles owned or operated by the Pennsylvania Public Utility Commission and used in the enforcement of 66 Pa.C.S. Chs. 23 (relating to common carriers) and 25 (relating to contract carrier by motor vehicle and broker) may be equipped with revolving or flashing red lights in accordance with subsection (a).

(d) Vehicles prohibited from using signals.--Except as otherwise specifically provided in this section, no vehicle other than an emergency vehicle may be equipped with revolving or flashing lights or audible warning systems identical or similar to those specified in subsections (a) and (b). A person who equips or uses a vehicle with visual or audible warning systems in violation of this section commits a summary offense and shall, upon conviction, be sentenced to pay a fine of not less than $500 nor more than $1,000.

(e) Authorized period of use.--The lights and warning systems specified by this section may be used only during an emergency, or in the interest of public safety, or by police officers, sheriffs and deputy sheriffs in enforcement of the law. Unauthorized use of the lights and warning systems

specified by this section shall be a summary offense punishable by a fine of not less than $500 nor more than $1,000.

(f) Conformity with department regulations.--Except as provided under subsections (b.1)(1.1) and (b.2), all equipment authorized or required by this section shall conform to department regulations. (Feb. 15, 1980, P.L.12, No.8, eff. imd.; July 10, 1981, P.L.250, No.82, eff. imd.; July 9, 1984, P.L.671, No.142, eff. imd.; May 9, 1986, P.L.158, No.51, eff. 60 days; Dec. 11, 1986, P.L.1530, No.166, eff. 60 days; Mar. 13, 1990, P.L.69, No.14, eff. 60 days; Dec. 18, 1992, P.L.1411, No.174, eff. 60 days; June 26, 2001, P.L.734, No.75, eff. 60 days; July 8, 2016, P.L.477, No.75, eff. imd.; Oct. 19, 2018, P.L.547, No.83, eff. 60 days) 2018 Amendment. Act 83 amended subsecs. (b.1)(3) and (f) and added subsecs. (b.1)(3.1), (3.2) and (b.2).

Amendment. Act 75 amended subsec. (f) and added subsec. (b.1)(1.1), (3) and (4). Cross References. Section 4571 is referred to in sections 1302, 4107, 4306 of this title.
75 Pa.C.S. § 1798.3 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 17 / Section 1798.3
Unfunded liability report.
Status: in_force

By May 15, 1989, the Insurance Commissioner and the Budget Secretary shall jointly prepare and provide to the Governor and to the General Assembly a report on the actuarial soundness of the fund, including a projection of the additional revenues needed on a year-to-year basis and a comparison of the cost of providing additional revenues on a year-to-year, as-needed basis and the cost of providing adequate revenues to eliminate the unfunded liability within no more than five years. The report shall include recommendations as to how rapidly the unfunded liability should be eliminated and what the source or sources of the additional revenues should be, which shall include, but not be limited to, the General Fund or other surcharges. If such report includes recommendations for collecting a surcharge to eliminate the unfunded liability, the report shall compare the consequences of imposing that surcharge on each motor vehicle required to be registered under Chapter 13 (relating to registration of vehicles) except trailers, recreational vehicles not intended for highway use, motorcycles, motor-driven cycles, motorized pedalcycles or like type vehicles; on each insured as defined in section 1702 (relating to definitions); and on each motor vehicle for which coverage is purchased under section 1715(a)(1) (relating to availability of adequate limits) and shall compare the consequences of eliminating the unfunded liability over a period of five years, a period of ten years, a period of 15 years and a period of 20 years. (Apr. 26, 1989, P.L.13, No.4, eff. imd.) 1989 Amendment. Act 4 added section 1798.3.
75 Pa.C.S. § 1951 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 19 / Section 1951
Driver's license and learner's permit.
Status: in_force

(a) Driver's license.--The driver's license fee for each year or partial year shall be $5.25 plus the cost of the photograph required in section 1510(a) (relating to issuance and content of driver's license).

(b) Learner's permit.--The fee for a learner's permit shall be $5.

(c) Identification card.--The fee for an identification card shall be $19 plus the cost of the photograph.

(d) Replacement license or card.--The fee for a replacement driver's license or identification card shall be $19 plus the cost of the photograph. (Dec. 7, 1994, P.L.820, No.115, eff. 60 days; Dec. 9, 2002, P.L.1278, No.152, eff. 120 days; Nov. 25, 2013, P.L.974, No.89, eff. Apr. 1, 2014)

Amendment. Act 89 amended subsecs. (c) and (d). See the preamble to Act 89 in the appendix to this title for special provisions relating to legislative findings and declarations. 2002 Amendment. Act 152 amended subsec. (a). Cross References. Section 1951 is referred to in sections 1547, 1554, 1904, 3805, 3808 of this title.
75 Pa.C.S. § 7503.1 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 75 / Section 7503.1
Bond required.
Status: in_force

Before entering into a contract with any person to act as a messenger or agent service, the department shall require a person to furnish and maintain a bond indemnifying the public and the department in an amount specified by the department. (Dec. 9, 2002, P.L.1278, No.152, eff. 6 months) 2002 Amendment. Act 152 added section 7503.1.
75 Pa.C.S. § 3812 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 38 / Section 3812
Preliminary hearing or arraignment.
Status: in_force

The presiding judicial officer at the preliminary hearing or preliminary arraignment relating to a charge of a violation of section 1543(b)(1.1) (relating to driving while operating privilege is suspended or revoked), 3802 (relating to driving under influence of alcohol or controlled substance) or 3808(a)(2) (relating to illegally operating a motor vehicle not equipped with ignition interlock) shall not reduce or modify the original charges without the consent of the attorney for the Commonwealth.
75 Pa.C.S. § 3705 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 37 / Section 3705
Opening and closing vehicle doors.
Status: in_force

No person shall open any door on a motor vehicle unless and until it is reasonably safe to do so and can be done without interfering with the movement of other traffic, nor shall any person leave a door open on a side of a vehicle available to moving traffic for a period of time longer than necessary to load or unload passengers.
75 Pa.C.S. § 4702.1 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 47 / Section 4702.1
Limited liability of inspection station or mechanic.
Status: in_force

(a) General rule.--An inspection conducted pursuant to section 4702(a) (relating to annual inspection) or 1165.1 (relating to inspection of reconstructed, modified and specially constructed vehicles) shall not be construed as a guaranty of the safety of any vehicle and neither the official inspection station issuing the certificate of inspection nor the official inspection mechanic performing the inspection shall be liable to the owner or occupants of any inspected vehicle for any damages caused by the failure or malfunction of that vehicle or to the owner or occupants of any vehicle involved in an accident with that inspected vehicle or to any pedestrian injured in the accident unless it can be shown by a preponderance of the evidence that the failure was caused by the negligence of the inspection station or mechanic. An official inspection mechanic in the course of his duties relating to the road test portion of an official vehicle safety inspection shall not be cited by law enforcement personnel for any violation relating to vehicle equipment. This provision does not preclude an official inspection mechanic from being cited by law enforcement personnel for moving violations committed during the road test portion of an official vehicle safety inspection.

(b) Prior certification.--(Deleted by amendment). (May 26, 1982, P.L.435, No.129, eff. imd.; July 7, 1983, P.L.32, No.19, eff. imd.; Dec. 21, 1998, P.L.1126, No.151, eff. 60 days;

Dec. 1, 2004, P.L.1767, No.228, eff. Jan. 1, 2007; Nov. 4, 2016, P.L.1277, No.165, eff. 60 days) 2016 Amendment. Act 165 deleted subsec. (b). 2004 Amendment. Act 228 amended subsec. (a).
75 Pa.C.S. § 1543.1 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 15 / Section 1543.1
Driving while operating privilege is suspended for certain other offenses.
Status: in_force

(a) First offense.--A person who drives a motor vehicle on any highway or trafficway of this Commonwealth at a time when the person's operating privilege is suspended under section 1532(b)(2) (relating to suspension of operating privilege) or 1533 (relating to suspension of operating privilege for failure to respond to citation) and the underlying offense for the

suspension is a violation of section 1501(a) (relating to drivers required to be licensed) shall, upon conviction or adjudication of delinquency, be sentenced to pay a fine of $50.

(b) Second or subsequent offense.--A person who drives a motor vehicle on any highway or trafficway of this Commonwealth after the commencement of a second or subsequent suspension of the person's operating privilege under section 1532(b)(2) and no other violation and before the operating privilege has been restored is guilty of a summary offense and shall, upon conviction or adjudication of delinquency, be required to pay a fine of $200 or enter into an agreement to make installment payments for the fine imposed by the issuing authority or court. If the person is unable to pay, the issuing authority or court shall proceed under 42 Pa.C.S. § 9730 (relating to payment of court costs, restitution and fines). (Oct. 31, 2024, P.L.1143, No.138, eff. 18 months) 2024 Amendment. Act 138 added section 1543.1. See section 6(2) of Act 138 in the appendix to this title for special provisions relating to applicability. Cross References. Section 1543.1 is referred to in section 1543 of this title.
75 Pa.C.S. § 1106 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 11 / Section 1106
Content and effect of certificate of title.
Status: in_force

(a) Vehicle identification and encumbrances.--A certificate of title shall contain such description and other evidence of identification of the vehicle for which it is issued as the department may deem necessary and the odometer reading, together with a statement of any liens or encumbrances, including the names of the holder or holders of the liens or encumbrances and any indication of special use or condition set forth under subsection (b).

(b) Indication of special use or condition.--No person shall assign a certificate of title to any vehicle unless the certificate clearly contains notice of the use or condition if the vehicle is or has been:

(1) used as a police car;

(2) used as a taxicab for the transport of passengers, for hire, having a seating capacity of nine or fewer passengers;

(3) an abandoned vehicle;

(4) a flood vehicle;

(5) a modified vehicle;

(6) a reconstructed vehicle;

(7) a specially constructed vehicle;

(8) a recovered theft vehicle or a theft vehicle if required to be retitled under section 1164 (relating to theft vehicles);

(9) a vehicle originally manufactured for intended distribution outside the United States;

(10) bearing a VIN plate differing from its original;

(11) a motor vehicle returned to a vehicle dealer or manufacturer pursuant to the act of March 28, 1984 (P.L.150, No.28), known as the Automobile Lemon Law; or

(12) a highly automated vehicle. Indication of the use or condition shall be deemed part of the description of the vehicle. Any person violating this subsection commits a summary offense and shall, upon conviction, be sentenced to pay a fine of $200. Indication of the use or condition shall be deemed part of the description of the vehicle. Any person violating this subsection commits a summary offense and shall, upon conviction, be sentenced to pay a fine of $200.

(c) Certificate as evidence and notice.--A certificate of title issued by the department is prima facie evidence of the facts appearing on the certificate. The certificate shall be

adequate notice to the Commonwealth, creditors, subsequent lienholders and purchasers that a lien against the vehicle exists. The printed name of the secretary shall constitute a signature on the certificate. (June 14, 1983, P.L.16, No.8, eff. 60 days; Dec. 18, 1992, P.L.1411, No.174, eff. 60 days; Dec. 9, 2002, P.L.1278, No.152, eff. 60 days; June 28, 2018, P.L.498, No.74, eff. 180 days; Nov. 3, 2022, P.L.1946, No.130, eff. one year) 2022 Amendment. Act 130 amended subsec. (b)(10) and (11) and added subsec. (b)(12). 2018 Amendment. Act 74 amended subsec. (b). 2002 Amendment. Act 152 amended subsecs. (a) and (b). 1992 Amendment. Act 174 amended subsec. (c). Cross References. Section 1106 is referred to in section 8508 of this title.
75 Pa.C.S. § 9602 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 96 / Section 9602
Definitions.
Status: in_force

The following words and phrases when used in this chapter and in Chapter 21 (relating to motor carriers road tax

identification markers) shall have the meanings given to them in this section and in section 2101.1 (relating to definitions) unless the context clearly indicates otherwise:

"Department." The Department of Revenue of the Commonwealth.

"Highway." The Pennsylvania Turnpike and every way or place, of whatever nature, open to the use of the public as a matter of right for purposes of vehicular travel. The term does not include a roadway or driveway upon grounds owned by private persons, colleges, universities or other institutions.

"Motor carrier." Every person who operates or causes to be operated any qualified motor vehicle on any highway in this Commonwealth.

"Motor fuel." Includes "fuels," "liquid fuels" and "alternative fuels" as defined in section 9002 (relating to definitions).

"Operations." Operations of all qualified motor vehicles, whether loaded or empty, whether operated singly or in combination with trailers or semitrailers, whether for compensation or not for compensation, and whether owned by or leased to the motor carrier who operates them or causes them to be operated.

"Qualified motor vehicle." As defined in section 2101.1 (relating to definitions).

"Recreational vehicle." Vehicles such as motor homes, pickup trucks with attached campers and buses when used exclusively for personal pleasure by individuals. In order to qualify as a recreational vehicle, the vehicle shall not be used in connection with any business endeavor.

"Secretary." The Secretary of Revenue of the Commonwealth. (Dec. 20, 1995, P.L.669, No.75, eff. Jan. 1, 1996; Apr. 17, 1997, P.L.6, No.3, eff. Oct. 1, 1997) 1997 Amendment. Act 3 amended the def. of "motor fuel." 1995 Amendment. Act 75 amended the intro. par. and the defs. of "motor carrier" and "operations," added the defs. of "qualified motor vehicle" and "recreational vehicle" and deleted the def. of "motor vehicle." Cross References. Section 9602 is referred to in section 9802 of this title.
75 Pa.C.S. § 1738 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 17 / Section 1738
Stacking of uninsured and underinsured benefits and option to waive.
Status: in_force

(a) Limit for each vehicle.--When more than one vehicle is insured under one or more policies providing uninsured or underinsured motorist coverage, the stated limit for uninsured or underinsured coverage shall apply separately to each vehicle so insured. The limits of coverages available under this subchapter for an insured shall be the sum of the limits for each motor vehicle as to which the injured person is an insured.

(b) Waiver.--Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection

(a), a named insured may waive coverage providing stacking of uninsured or underinsured coverages in which case the limits of coverage available under the policy for an insured shall be the stated limits for the motor vehicle as to which the injured person is an insured.

(c) More than one vehicle.--Each named insured purchasing uninsured or underinsured motorist coverage for more than one vehicle under a policy shall be provided the opportunity to waive the stacked limits of coverage and instead purchase coverage as described in subsection (b). The premiums for an insured who exercises such waiver shall be reduced to reflect the different cost of such coverage.

(d) Forms.--

(1) The named insured shall be informed that he may exercise the waiver of the stacked limits of uninsured motorist coverage by signing the following written rejection form: UNINSURED COVERAGE LIMITS By signing this waiver, I am rejecting stacked limits of uninsured motorist coverage under the policy for myself and members of my household under which the limits of coverage available would be the sum of limits for each motor vehicle insured under the policy. Instead, the limits of coverage that I am purchasing shall be reduced to the limits stated in the policy. I knowingly and voluntarily reject the stacked limits of coverage. I understand that my premiums will be reduced if I reject this coverage. ..................................... Signature of First Named Insured ..................................... Date

(2) The named insured shall be informed that he may exercise the waiver of the stacked limits of underinsured motorist coverage by signing the following written rejection form: UNDERINSURED COVERAGE LIMITS By signing this waiver, I am rejecting stacked limits of underinsured motorist coverage under the policy for myself and members of my household under which the limits of coverage available would be the sum of limits for each motor vehicle insured under the policy. Instead,

the limits of coverage that I am purchasing shall be reduced to the limits stated in the policy. I knowingly and voluntarily reject the stacked limits of coverage. I understand that my premiums will be reduced if I reject this coverage. ..................................... Signature of First Named Insured ..................................... Date

(e) Signature and date.--The forms described in subsection

(d) must be signed by the first named insured and dated to be valid. Any rejection form that does not comply with this section is void. (Feb. 7, 1990, P.L.11, No.6, eff. July 1, 1990) 1990 Amendment. Act 6 added section 1738.
75 Pa.C.S. § 1337 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 13 / Section 1337
Use of "Miscellaneous Motor Vehicle Business" registration plates.
Status: in_force

(a) General rule.--The department shall issue to owners of miscellaneous motor vehicle businesses with established places of business special registration plates which may be displayed on vehicles operated on highways in lieu of registering each vehicle individually. Registration plates issued under this section may be displayed upon vehicles only as provided for each of the following classes of miscellaneous motor vehicle business:

(1) For a repair or towing business:

(i) upon vehicles being used in the conduct of the repair business to retrieve, tow or deliver other vehicles or parts; and

(ii) upon vehicles being repaired.

(2) For a vehicle salvage dealer business:

(i) upon vehicles being used in the conduct of the vehicle salvage dealer's business to retrieve or deliver vehicles, vehicle hulks, parts or materials; and

(ii) upon vehicles being transported on their own wheels for the purpose of being dismantled or recycled.

(3) For a transporter business upon vehicles being transported on their own wheels in the conduct of the transporter business.

(4) For a financier or collector-repossessor business:

(i) upon vehicles being used to pick up vehicles that are being repossessed; and

(ii) upon vehicles being repossessed.

(5) For a watercraft trailer business:

(i) upon trailers used for the delivery of a new boat to its purchaser;

(ii) upon trailers used for the transport of a used boat which is to be resold by the dealer; and

(iii) upon trailers used for the transport of boats by a dealer to or from another boat dealer, warehouse, storage facility, boat show or repair facility or to and from a location where a boat is to be demonstrated, tested or inspected.

(6) For all classes of miscellaneous motor vehicle businesses upon vehicles used for the personal pleasure or use of the owner of the miscellaneous motor vehicle business or members of the owner's immediate family, or when the business is a corporation, upon vehicles used for the pleasure or use of not more than three officers or members of the officer's immediate family or for the personal use of the regular employees of the business when operated by the employee. All vehicles specified in paragraphs (1)(i), (2)(i), (4)(i) and

(6) must be titled in the name of the business or family member and sales tax must be paid.

(b) Application for registration.--Application for registration in any of the "Miscellaneous Motor Vehicle Business" classes shall be made upon a form provided by the department and shall set forth the full name and business address of the applicant and such other information as the department shall require. The application shall be verified by the oath or affirmation of the applicant or, if the applicant is a partnership or a corporation, by a partner or officer.

(c) Classes of "Miscellaneous Motor Vehicle Business".--

(1) Repair or towing.--Any person regularly engaged in the business of mechanical or body repairs or towing for direct compensation of motor vehicles owned and operated by other persons.

(2) Vehicle salvage dealer.--Any person regularly engaged in the business of acquiring and dismantling used, wrecked, damaged, abandoned or salvage vehicles for the purpose of selling the usable parts and selling the remaining vehicle hulk materials for recycling or processing.

(3) Transporter.--Any person regularly engaged in the business of transporting new or used vehicles on their own wheels, owned by or in possession of a manufacturer or dealer.

(4) Financier or collector-repossessor.--Any person who is duly authorized by the Department of Banking to do business in this Commonwealth as a financier or collector-repossessor and who is regularly engaged in the business of financing sales, making loans on the security of vehicles or repossessing vehicles which are the subject of installment sales contracts as an independent contractor.

(5) Watercraft trailer dealer.--Any person regularly engaged in the business of selling watercraft and trailers used exclusively for the transport of the watercraft. (July 20, 1979, P.L.168, No.55, eff. imd.; Feb. 10, 1994, P.L.10, No.2, eff. 60 days) References in Text. The Department of Banking, referred to in subsec. (c)(4), was renamed the Department of Banking and Securities by the act of July 2, 2012 (P.L.814, No.86). Cross References. Section 1337 is referred to in sections 1162, 7301, 7302, 7322 of this title; section 5702 of Title 30 (Fish).
75 Pa.C.S. § 3113 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 31 / Section 3113
Pedestrian-control signals.
Status: in_force

(a) General rule.--Whenever special pedestrian-control signals exhibiting words or symbols are in place, the signals shall indicate as follows:

(1) Word "Walk" or walking person symbol.--Pedestrians facing the signal should proceed across the roadway in the direction of the signal and shall be given the right-of-way by the drivers of all vehicles.

(2) Phrase "Don't Walk" or upraised hand symbol.--Pedestrians should not start to cross the roadway in the direction of the signal, but any pedestrian who has partially completed his crossing on the "Walk" signal should proceed to a sidewalk or safety zone while the "Don't Walk" signal is showing.

(3) Flashing "Walk".--Pedestrians facing the signal are cautioned that there is possible hazard from turning vehicles, but pedestrians may proceed across the roadway in the direction of the signal and shall be given the right-of-way by the drivers of all vehicles.

(4) Flashing "Don't Walk" Signal.--Pedestrians should not start to cross the roadway in the direction of the signal, but any pedestrian who has partly completed crossing during the "Walk" signal should proceed to a sidewalk or safety zone, and all drivers of vehicles shall yield to the pedestrian.

(b) Local regulation.--This section does not prohibit a municipality from establishing a summary offense for violation of subsection (a)(2) or (4).

(c) Penalties.--The driver of a vehicle who violates subsection (a) commits a summary offense and, upon conviction, shall be sentenced to pay a fine of $50. This subsection shall not apply to those municipalities that establish a summary offense as authorized under subsection (b) with a fine in excess of $50. (Dec. 7, 1990, P.L.635, No.164, eff. imd.; June 25, 2001, P.L.701, No.68, eff. 120 days; June 26, 2001, P.L.734, No.75, eff. 60 days) 2001 Amendments. Act 75 overlooked the amendment by Act 68, but the amendments do not conflict in substance (except for the amount of the fine, as to which Act 75 has been given effect) and have both been given effect in setting forth the text of section 3113. Cross References. Section 3113 is referred to in sections 3112, 3541 of this title.
75 Pa.C.S. § 1365 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 13 / Section 1365
Gold Star Family plate.
Status: in_force

(a) General rule.--Upon application of a family member of a person who was killed while serving on active duty in the military, accompanied by a fee of $20 which shall be in addition to the annual registration fee and by such documentation as the department shall require, the department shall issue to the family member a special registration plate designating the vehicle so licensed as belonging to a family member of a person who was killed while serving on active duty in the military. The department shall design and produce the special registration plate carrying the Service Flag Gold Star rimmed with blue which represents sacrifice to the cause of liberty and freedom. The words "Gold Star Family" shall be clearly displayed along the bottom of the plate. The special registration plate may be used only on a passenger car or truck with a registered gross weight of not more than 14,000 pounds.

(b) Documentation required.--An applicant for a Gold Star Family plate shall certify on a form approved by the department that the applicant is a family member of a person who was killed while serving on active duty in the military.

(c) Definition.--As used in this section, the term "family member" includes the following:

(1) Widow.

(2) Widower.

(3) Mother.

(4) Father.

(5) Stepmother.

(6) Stepfather.

(7) Mother through adoption.

(8) Father through adoption.

(9) Foster mother in loco parentis.

(10) Foster father in loco parentis.

(11) Son.

(12) Daughter.

(13) Stepson.

(14) Stepdaughter.

(15) Son by adoption.

(16) Daughter by adoption.

(17) Brother.

(18) Sister.

(19) Half brother.

(20) Half sister. (Oct. 4, 2006, P.L.1143, No.117, eff. 60 days; July 2, 2014, P.L.988, No.109, eff. 60 days) 2014 Amendment. Act 109 amended subsec. (a). 2006 Amendment. Act 117 added section 1365. Cross References. Section 1365 is referred to in section 1333 of this title.
75 Pa.C.S. § 1602 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 16 / Section 1602
Purpose and construction of chapter.
Status: in_force

(a) Purpose.--The purpose of this chapter is to implement the Commercial Motor Vehicle Safety Act of 1986 (Public Law 99-570, 49 U.S.C. app. § 2701 et seq.) and reduce or prevent commercial motor vehicle accidents, fatalities and injuries by:

(1) Permitting commercial drivers to hold only one driver's license.

(2) Disqualifying commercial drivers who have committed certain serious traffic violations or other specified offenses.

(3) Strengthening licensing and testing standards.

(b) Construction.--This chapter is a remedial law and shall be liberally construed to promote the public health, safety and welfare. To the extent that this chapter conflicts with other driver licensing provisions, this chapter prevails. Where this chapter is silent, the general driver licensing provisions apply.
75 Pa.C.S. § 4707 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 47 / Section 4707
Consumer protection.
Status: in_force

The Secretary of Transportation and the Commissioner of State Police shall create a consumer protection program for the purpose of monitoring the vehicle emission inspection and the vehicle safety inspection programs for inspection station performance and to assure protection against fraud against consumers. (May 4, 1983, P.L.4, No.3, eff. imd.) 1983 Amendment. Act 3 added section 4707.
75 Pa.C.S. § 3752 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 37 / Section 3752
Accident report forms.
Status: in_force

(a) Form and content.--The department shall prepare and upon request supply to all law enforcement agencies and other appropriate agencies or individuals, forms for written accident reports as required in this subchapter suitable with respect to the persons required to make the reports and the purposes to be served. The written report forms shall call for sufficiently detailed information to disclose with reference to a vehicle accident the cause, conditions then existing and the persons and vehicles involved, including separate information or data on autocycles. Reports for use by the drivers and owners shall also provide for information relating to financial responsibility.

(b) Use.--Every accident report required to be made in writing shall be made on the appropriate form approved by the department and shall contain all the information required therein unless not available. (May 25, 2016, P.L.248, No.34, eff. Jan. 1, 2018) 2016 Amendment. Act 34 amended subsec. (a).
75 Pa.C.S. § 6309.2 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 63 / Section 6309.2
Immobilization, towing and storage of vehicle for driving without operating privileges or registration.
Status: in_force

(a) General rule.--Subject to subsection (d), the following shall apply:

(1) If a person operates a motor vehicle or combination on a highway or trafficway of this Commonwealth while the person's operating privilege is suspended, revoked, canceled, recalled or disqualified or where the person is unlicensed, as verified by an appropriate law enforcement officer in cooperation with the department, the law enforcement officer shall immobilize the vehicle or combination or, in the interest of public safety, direct that the vehicle be towed and stored by the appropriate towing and storage agent pursuant to subsection (c), and the appropriate judicial authority shall be so notified.

(2) If a motor vehicle or combination for which there is no valid registration or for which the registration is suspended, as verified by an appropriate law enforcement officer, is operated on a highway or trafficway of this Commonwealth, the law enforcement officer shall immobilize the motor vehicle or combination or, in the interest of public safety, direct that the vehicle be towed and stored by the appropriate towing and storing agent pursuant to subsection (c), and the appropriate judicial authority shall be so notified.

(b) Procedure upon immobilization.--

(1) When a vehicle is immobilized pursuant to subsection

(a)(1), the operator of the vehicle may appear before the appropriate judicial authority within 24 hours from the time the vehicle was immobilized. The appropriate judicial authority may issue a certificate of release upon:

(i) the furnishing of proof of registration and financial responsibility by the owner of the vehicle; and

(ii) receipt of evidence that the operator of the vehicle has complied with the pertinent provisions of Title 42 (relating to judiciary and judicial procedure) and this title.

(2) When a vehicle is immobilized pursuant to subsection

(a)(2), the owner of the vehicle may appear before the appropriate judicial authority within 24 hours from the time the vehicle was immobilized. The appropriate judicial authority may issue a certificate of release upon:

(i) the furnishing of proof of registration and financial responsibility by the owner of the vehicle; and

(ii) receipt of evidence that the operator of the vehicle has complied with the pertinent provisions of Title 42 and this title.

(3) If a certification of release is not obtained within 24 hours from the time the vehicle was immobilized, the vehicle shall be towed and stored by the appropriate towing and storage agent under subsection (c).

(c) Procedure upon towing and storage.--

(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), the following steps shall be taken:

(i) The appropriate judicial authority shall notify the appropriate law enforcement officer of the county in which the violation occurred.

(ii) The officer notified under subparagraph (i) shall notify the appropriate towing and storage agent

to tow and store the vehicle or combination and provide notice by the most expeditious means and by first class mail, proof of service, of the towing, storage and location of the vehicle or combination to the owner of the vehicle or combination and any lienholder and, if applicable, the owner of the load, if the names and addresses of the owner and any lienholder are known or can be ascertained by investigation.

(2) In a city of the first class, the following steps shall be taken:

(i) The appropriate judicial authority or appropriate law enforcement officer shall notify the appropriate towing and storage agent.

(ii) The appropriate towing and storage agent shall tow and store the vehicle or combination and provide notice by first class mail, proof of mailing, of the towing, storage and location of the vehicle or combination to the owner and the lienholder of the vehicle or combination using a reasonably available State database.

(d) Recovery of towed and stored vehicle.--

(1) The owner or lienholder of any vehicle or combination which has been towed and stored under this section may obtain possession of the vehicle or combination by:

(i) furnishing proof of valid registration and financial responsibility; and

(ii)

(A) if the towing and storage resulted from the operation of the vehicle or combination by the owner, paying all fines and costs associated with the towing and storage of the vehicle or combination and any other than outstanding fines and costs of the owner or making arrangements with the appropriate judicial authority to make payments of all other outstanding fines and costs immediately or, in the discretion of the appropriate judicial authority, by installments as provided by the Pennsylvania Rules of Criminal Procedures; or

(B) if the towing and storage resulted from the operation of the vehicle or combination by a party other than the owner, paying all costs associated with the towing and storage of the vehicle or combination and fines associated with citations issued by the law enforcement officer related to the towing and storage and any other outstanding fines and costs of the owner or making arrangements with the appropriate judicial authority to make payments of all such fines and costs or, in the discretion of the appropriate judicial authority, by installments as provided by the Pennsylvania Rules of Criminal Procedure.

(1.1) In cities of the first class, the appropriate judicial authority shall not issue an order for the release of any vehicle towed and stored pursuant to this section until provisions are made for payment of all fines and penalties associated with violations of any local parking regulation or ordinance or applicable section of this chapter or Chapter 61 (relating to powers of department and local authorities).

(2) Any vehicle not recovered under this subsection may be sold as an unclaimed vehicle, combination or load under section 6310 (relating to disposition of impounded vehicles,

combinations and loads). The proceeds of the sale shall be applied to the payment of the fines and costs associated with the towing and storage of the vehicle.

(e) Definitions.--As used in this section, the following words and phrases shall have the meanings given to them in this subsection:

"Appropriate judicial authority." In counties of the first class, the Philadelphia Traffic Court. In all other counties, the magisterial district judge in whose district the violation occurred.

"Appropriate towing and storage agent." In counties of the first class, the Philadelphia Parking Authority or its authorized agent. In other municipalities, a towing and storage agent designated by local ordinance.

"Costs." The term shall include reasonable fees. (July 2, 1996, P.L.535, No.93; Dec. 10, 1996, P.L.925, No.149, eff. imd.; Oct. 4, 2002, P.L.845, No.123, eff. imd.; Nov. 30, 2004, P.L.1618, No.207, eff. 60 days; July 14, 2005, P.L.285, No.50, eff. 60 days) 2005 Amendment. Act 50 amended subsecs. (a), (c)(2) and

(d). 2004 Amendment. Act 207 amended the def. of "appropriate judicial authority" in subsec. (e). See section 29 of Act 207 in the appendix to this title for special provisions relating to construction of law. References in Text. The Traffic Court of Philadelphia, referred to in this section, was abolished by Joint Resolution No.2 of 2016. Cross References. Section 6309.2 is referred to in section 6506 of this title.
75 Pa.C.S. § 4979.1 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 49 / Section 4979.1
Permit for movement of bulk refined oil.
Status: in_force

An annual permit may be issued authorizing the movement on specified highways of refined oil in bulk between a refinery and a distribution facility which exceeds the maximum vehicle gross weight specified in Subchapter C (relating to maximum weights of vehicles). Permits issued under this section shall not exceed a distance of 125 miles. The weight of any vehicle permitted under this section may not exceed 107,000 pounds overall gross weight and shall have the following maximum axle weight limits for all nonsteering axles: 21,000 pounds Single axle 42,000 pounds Tandem axles 53,000 pounds Tridem axles 63,000 pounds Quad axles No permit may be issued for this type of movement upon an interstate highway. (Dec. 21, 1998, P.L.1126, No.151, eff. 60 days; Oct. 19, 2010, P.L.557, No.81, eff. 60 days) 2010 Amendment. The preamble of Act 81 provided that Act 81 may be referred to as the Sgt. Michael C. Weigand Law. Cross References. Section 4979.1 is referred to in sections 1943, 4962 of this title.
75 Pa.C.S. § 1935 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 19 / Section 1935
Fee for local use.
Status: in_force

(a) Establishment of fund.--A special fund is established within the State Treasury to be known as the Fee for Local Use Fund. Money in the fund is appropriated to the department for the purposes set forth in this section.

(b) Levy.--Beginning after December 31, 2014, a county may, in its discretion, by ordinance, impose an annual fee of $5 for each nonexempt vehicle registered to an address located in the county. A county shall notify the department of the passage of the ordinance 90 days prior to the effective date of the ordinance.

(c) Collection.--The department shall collect fees imposed under subsection (b) at the time a vehicle is registered and shall deposit the money in the Fee for Local Use Fund.

(d) Distribution.--Money paid into the Fee for Local Use Fund shall be distributed by the department to each participating county in accordance with the amounts collected from the county. Funds payable to a county under this section shall be added to funds payable to the county under section 9010(b) (relating to disposition and use of tax) and shall be used by the county for transportation purposes or be allocated by the county in accordance with section 9010(c). (Nov. 25, 2013, P.L.974, No.89, eff. Jan. 1, 2015; Oct. 24, 2018, P.L.645, No.91, eff. 120 days) 2018 Amendment. Act 91 amended subsecs. (b) and (c). Section 7 of Act 91 provided that the amendment of subsecs. (b) and (c) shall apply to registrations issued or renewed on or after the effective date of section 7. 2013 Amendment. Act 89 added section 1935. See the preamble to Act 89 in the appendix to this title for special provisions relating to legislative findings and declarations. Cross References. Section 1935 is referred to in section 1903 of this title.
75 Pa.C.S. § 3325 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 33 / Section 3325
Duty of driver on approach of emergency vehicle.
Status: in_force

(a) General rule.--Upon the immediate approach of an emergency vehicle making use of an audible signal and visual signals meeting the requirements and standards set forth in regulations adopted by the department, the driver of every other vehicle shall yield the right-of-way and shall immediately drive to a position parallel to, and as close as possible to, the right-hand edge or curb of the roadway clear of any intersection and shall stop and remain in that position until the emergency vehicle has passed, except when otherwise directed by a police officer or an appropriately attired person authorized to direct, control or regulate traffic. On one-way roadways a driver may comply by driving to the edge or curb which is nearest to the lane in which he is traveling.

(b) Duty of operator of streetcar.--Upon the approach of an emergency vehicle, the operator of every streetcar shall immediately stop the streetcar clear of any intersection and remain in that position until the emergency vehicle has passed, except when otherwise directed by a police officer or an appropriately attired person authorized to direct, control or regulate traffic.

(c) Defense.--It is a defense to prosecution under this section if the defendant can show by a preponderance of the evidence that the failure to stop immediately for a police officer was based on a good faith concern for personal safety. In determining whether the defendant has met this burden, the court may consider the following factors:

(1) The time and location of the event.

(2) The type of vehicle used by the police officer.

(3) The defendant's conduct while being followed by the police officer.

(4) Whether the defendant stopped at the first available reasonably lighted or populated area.

(5) Any other factor considered relevant by the court. (June 26, 2001, P.L.734, No.75, eff. 60 days) Cross References. Section 3325 is referred to in sections 3327, 3732, 3732.1 of this title.
75 Pa.C.S. § 1503 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 15 / Section 1503
Persons ineligible for licensing; license issuance to minors; junior driver's license.
Status: in_force

(a) Persons ineligible for licensing.--The department shall not issue a driver's license to, or renew the driver's license of, any person:

(1) Whose operating privilege is suspended or revoked in this or any other state.

(2) (Deleted by amendment).

(3) Who is a user of alcohol or any controlled substance to a degree rendering the user incapable of safely driving a motor vehicle. This paragraph does not apply to any person who is enrolled or otherwise participating in a methadone or other controlled substance treatment program approved by the Department of Health provided that the person is certified to be competent to drive by a physician designated by the Department of Health.

(4) Who has been adjudged to be afflicted with or suffering from any mental disability or disease and who has not at the time of application been restored to competency by the methods provided by law.

(5) Whose name has been submitted under the provisions of section 1518 (relating to reports on mental or physical disabilities or disorders).

(6) Who is required by the department to take an examination until the person has successfully passed the examination.

(7) Who is under 18 years of age except in accordance with subsections (b) and (c).

(8) Who has repeatedly violated any of the provisions of this chapter. The department shall provide an opportunity for a hearing upon invoking this paragraph.

(9) Who is not a resident of this Commonwealth. This paragraph shall not apply to an employee of the Federal or State Government or the employee's immediate family or a person in the service of the armed forces of the United States or the person's immediate family.

(b) License issuance to minors.--The department shall issue a driver's license to a person 17 years of age who:

(1) has successfully completed a driver's training course approved by the department; and

(2) for a period of 12 months after passing the examination under section 1505(e) (relating to learners' permits) and receiving a junior driver's license:

(i) has not been involved in an accident reportable under section 3746(a) (relating to immediate notice of accident to police department) for which they are partially or fully responsible in the opinion of the department; or

(ii) has not been convicted of any violation of this title.

(c) Junior driver's license.--The department may issue a junior driver's license to a person 16 or 17 years of age under rules and regulations adopted by the department and subject to the provisions of this section. A junior driver's license shall automatically become a regular driver's license when the junior driver attains 18 years of age.

(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), no licensed junior driver shall drive a vehicle upon a public highway between 11 p.m. and 5 a.m. unless accompanied by a spouse 18 years of age or older, a parent or a person in loco parentis.

(2) A licensed junior driver conforming to the requirements of section 1507 (relating to application for driver's license or learner's permit by minor) may drive a vehicle upon a public highway between 11 p.m. and 5 a.m. between the junior driver's home and activity or employment or in the course of the junior driver's activity or employment if the junior driver is a member of a volunteer fire company authorized by the fire chief to engage in fighting fires, is engaged in public or charitable service or is employed and is carrying an affidavit or certificate of authorization signed by the junior driver's fire chief, supervisor or employer indicating the probable schedule of the junior driver's activities. Upon termination of the junior driver's activity or employment, the junior driver shall surrender the affidavit or certificate to the fire chief, supervisor or employer. If the junior driver shall fail to surrender the affidavit or certificate, the employer, fire chief or supervisor shall immediately notify the Pennsylvania State Police.

(2.1) For the first six months after issuance of the junior driver's license, a junior driver shall not drive a vehicle with more than one passenger under 18 years of age who is not a member of the driver's immediate family unless the junior driver is accompanied by a parent or legal guardian. After the expiration of the first six months, a junior driver shall not drive a vehicle with more than three passengers under 18 years of age who are not members of the

driver's immediate family unless the junior driver is accompanied by a parent or legal guardian. A junior driver shall not drive a vehicle with more than one passenger under 18 years of age who is not a member of the driver's immediate family unless the junior driver is accompanied by a parent or legal guardian if the junior driver has been involved in an accident reportable under section 3746(a) for which the junior driver is partially or fully responsible in the opinion of the department or has been convicted of any violation of this title. For purposes of this paragraph, a junior driver's immediate family shall include brothers, sisters, stepbrothers or stepsisters of the driver, including adopted or foster children residing in the same household as the junior driver.

(3) In addition to the other provisions of this title relating to the suspension or revocation of operating privileges, in the event that a licensed junior driver is involved in an accident reportable under section 3746(a) for which the junior driver is partially or fully responsible in the opinion of the department or is convicted of any violation of this title, the department may suspend the operating privileges of the junior driver until the junior driver attains 18 years of age or for a period of time not exceeding 90 days.

(4) Any junior driver or other person violating any provision of this subsection is guilty of a summary offense. (Dec. 21, 1998, P.L.1126, No.151, eff. 60 days; June 25, 1999, P.L.164, No.23; Dec. 9, 2002, P.L.1278, No.152, eff. 120 days; Oct. 25, 2011, P.L.334, No.81, eff. 60 days) 2011 Amendment. Act 81 amended subsec. (c). The preamble to Act 81 provided that the part of Act 81 that limits the number of passengers a junior driver may transport in a motor vehicle at one time may be referred to as Lacey's Law in honor of Lacey Gallagher. 2002 Amendment. Act 152 added subsec. (a)(9). 1999 Amendment. Act 23 amended the entire section, effective in 60 days as to subsec. (c)(1) and (2) and 180 days as to the remainder of the section. Cross References. Section 1503 is referred to in sections 1504, 1533, 1550, 4581 of this title.
75 Pa.C.S. § 3365 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 33 / Section 3365
Special speed limitations.
Status: in_force

(a) Bridges and elevated structures.--

(1) No person shall drive a vehicle over any bridge or other elevated structure constituting a part of a highway at a speed which is greater than the maximum speed which can be maintained with safety to the bridge or structure when the structure is posted with signs as provided in this subsection.

(2) The department and local authorities on highways under their respective jurisdictions may conduct a traffic and engineering investigation of any bridge or other elevated structure constituting a part of a highway, and if it shall thereupon find that the structure cannot safely withstand vehicles traveling at the speed otherwise permissible under this title, the department or local authority shall determine and declare the maximum speed of vehicles which the structure can safely withstand, and shall cause or permit official traffic-control devices stating the maximum speed to be erected and maintained before each end of the structure.

(3) Upon the trial of any person charged with a violation of this subsection, proof of the determination of the maximum speed by the department and the existence of the signs shall constitute conclusive evidence of the maximum speed which can be maintained with safety to the bridge or structure.

(b) School zones.--When passing through a school zone as defined and established under regulations of the department, no person shall drive a vehicle at a speed greater than 15 miles per hour. An official traffic-control device shall indicate the beginning and end of each school zone to traffic approaching in each direction. Establishment of a school zone, including its location and hours of operation, shall be approved by the department.

(c) Hazardous grades.--The department and local authorities on highways under their respective jurisdictions may conduct traffic and engineering investigations on grades which are considered hazardous. If the grade is determined to be hazardous, vehicles having a gross weight in excess of a determined safe weight may be further limited as to maximum speed and may be required to stop before proceeding downhill. The restrictions shall be indicated by official traffic-control devices erected and maintained according to regulations established by the department.

(c.1) Active work zones.--When passing through an active work zone, no person shall drive a vehicle at a speed greater than the posted limit. An official traffic-control device shall indicate the beginning and end of each active work zone to traffic approaching in each direction.

(d) Penalty.--

(1) Any person violating any provision of this section commits a summary offense and shall, upon conviction, be sentenced to pay:

(i) Except as set forth under subparagraph (ii), a fine of $35.

(ii) For a violation of subsection (b), a fine of not more than $500 if the person exceeds the maximum speed limit by more than 11 miles per hour.

(2) Any person exceeding a maximum speed limit established under this section by more than five miles per hour shall pay an additional fine of $2 per mile for each mile in excess of five miles per hour in excess of the maximum speed limit.

(Oct. 10, 1980, P.L.791, No.147, eff. imd.; Dec. 23, 2002, P.L.1982, No.229; Dec. 8, 2004, P.L.1791, No.237, eff. 150 days) 2004 Amendment. Act 237 amended subsec. (d). 2002 Amendment. Act 229 amended subsec. (b) and added subsec. (c.1), effective in 60 days as to subsec. (b) and six months as to the remainder of the section. Cross References. Section 3365 is referred to in sections 1535, 1603, 3371 of this title.
75 Pa.C.S. § 9204 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 92 / Section 9204
Notice to municipalities.
Status: in_force

Upon preparation of the list and description provided for in section 9203 (relating to description of functionally-local highways), the department shall notify each municipality of the department's readiness to transfer to it all functionally-local highways located in the municipality. The notice shall include a copy of the department's highway description and map.
75 Pa.C.S. § 4965 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 49 / Section 4965
Single permits for multiple highway crossings.
Status: in_force

A single permit may be issued for a number of movements across the highway at specified locations within a fixed period of time of vehicles or combinations:

(1) exceeding the maximum size or weight specified in this chapter; or

(2) used to cross a highway to get from one commercial or industrial facility to another commercial or industrial facility under the same operation.

Whenever a permit is issued for crossing the highway, it is unlawful to move the vehicles along the highway. (July 11, 1985, P.L.204, No.52, eff. 90 days) Cross References. Section 4965 is referred to in sections 1302, 1943, 3108, 4904, 4962 of this title.
75 Pa.C.S. § 3743.1 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 37 / Section 3743.1
Spilled cargo.
Status: in_force

(a) General rule.--Immediately following an accident, a police officer may remove or direct removal of spilled cargo from any roadway to the nearest point off the roadway where the spilled cargo will not interfere with or obstruct traffic.

(b) Storage of cargo.--When, in the opinion of a police officer, it is necessary to protect the contents, load or spilled cargo of a wrecked vehicle from the elements, spoilage or theft, the police officer may remove or direct the removal of the contents or load or spilled cargo and have the same stored, at the expense of the owner, at the nearest practical place of storage.

(c) Liability for damage or loss.--In carrying out the provisions of this section, no liability shall attach to the police officer or, absent a showing of gross negligence, to any person acting under the direction of the police officer for damage to or loss of any portion of the contents or load or spilled cargo. (Dec. 8, 2004, P.L.1791, No.237, eff. 150 days) 2004 Amendment. Act 237 added section 3743.1.
75 Pa.C.S. § 4553 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 45 / Section 4553
General requirements for other vehicles transporting school children.
Status: in_force

(a) Buses operated by urban mass transportation systems.--

(1) Buses, other than school buses, operated by urban mass transportation systems for the exclusive transportation of school children shall comply with Federal safety standards and such other safety regulations as the Pennsylvania Public Utility Commission and the department shall provide for such buses.

(2) Buses, other than school buses, operated by urban mass transportation systems for the exclusive or nonexclusive transportation of school children may, at the option of the urban mass transportation system, be equipped with flashing red and amber lights and may be identified by appropriate labeling as carrying school children. This equipment and identifying labels shall conform to those regulations which may be issued by the department under this paragraph. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, buses which are operated by urban mass transportation systems and which are equipped and identified in accordance with this paragraph, shall be considered school buses for purposes of section 3345(a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (f), (g) and (j) (relating to meeting or overtaking school bus). The department may issue those regulations it deems appropriate to implement this paragraph.

(b) School-chartered bus.--In addition to school buses, school-chartered buses, which are designed to transport 16 or more passengers, including the driver, and which are operated by a person holding a certificate of the Pennsylvania Public Utility Commission or the Interstate Commerce Commission, may be used under a short-term contract with a school which has acquired the exclusive use of the vehicle at a fixed charge to transport school children to a school-related event, provided that the vehicle is not used to transport school children to or from their residences or designated bus stops. A school-chartered vehicle may be used without restriction for the transportation of school children with special needs as may be necessary to make reasonable accommodations pursuant to the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (Public Law 101-336, 104 Stat. 327).

(c) Other vehicles.--A motor vehicle used to transport children to or from school or in connection with school activities, which is not a school bus because of its limited seating capacity, shall comply with regulations established by the department for such vehicles. Unless required by Federal law or regulation, the regulations established by the department shall not require vehicles which pick up and discharge school children only at locations off the highway to be of any particular color or to display flashing red and amber lights. (July 10, 1984, P.L.679, No.146, eff. 60 days; May 20, 1993, P.L.30, No.10, eff. imd.; Oct. 19, 2010, P.L.557, No.81, eff. 60 days) 2010 Amendment. Act 81 amended subsec. (b). The preamble of Act 81 provided that Act 81 may be referred to as the Sgt. Michael C. Weigand Law. 1993 Amendment. Act 10 relettered former subsec. (b) to subsec. (c) and added present subsec. (b). 1984 Amendment. Act 146 amended subsec. (a).
75 Pa.C.S. § 8915.3 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 89 / Section 8915.3
Lease of Interstate 80; related agreements.
Status: in_force

The department and the commission shall enter into a lease agreement relating to Interstate 80 prior to October 15, 2007. The lease agreement shall include provisions setting forth the terms and conditions of the conversion of Interstate 80 to a toll road. The lease agreement and any related agreement, at a minimum, shall include the following:

(1) A provision that the term of the lease agreement shall be 50 years, unless extended upon mutual agreement of the parties to the lease agreement and upon approval of the General Assembly.

(2) A provision establishing the conversion period and authorizing extension of the conversion period at the sole option of the commission for three one-year extension periods after consultation with the secretary. The commission shall notify the secretary of its intent to extend the conversion period not less than 90 days before the scheduled expiration of the conversion period. During the conversion period, all legal, financial and operational responsibility for Interstate 80 shall remain with the department. All operations and programmed rehabilitation shall be maintained at levels no less favorable than those set forth in the department's 12-year plan at the time of the execution of

the lease, with modifications as are approved in writing by the chairman of the commission.

(3) A provision permitting the commission to exercise its option to convert Interstate 80 to a toll road prior to the expiration of the conversion period by providing the conversion notice to the secretary. Beginning on the conversion date, all legal, financial and operational responsibility for Interstate 80, as well as all toll revenues subsequently collected with respect to its use, shall automatically transfer to the commission. The secretary, within five business days after receiving the conversion notice, shall forward notice of the conversion date to the Legislative Reference Bureau for publication in the Pennsylvania Bulletin. Any revenues collected prior to the conversion date shall be retained by the department. The commission may contract with the department for any portion of the maintenance of Interstate 80 at cost levels agreed to by the department and the commission.

(4) A provision requiring the commission to pay annual base payments to the department during the term of the lease agreement.

(5) A provision requiring the commission to pay annual additional payments to the department. The annual additional payments shall be payable in four equal installments on the last business day of each July, October, January and April of each year during the term of the lease agreement.

(6) A provision requiring the commission to pay, commencing in the fiscal year including the conversion date, annual surplus payments to the department. The annual surplus payments shall be payable by the commission within 30 days of receipt by the commission of the Auditor General's certificate.

(7) A provision stating that the obligation of the commission to pay the annual base payments, the annual additional payments and annual surplus payments shall be a subordinate obligation of the commission payable from amounts in the general reserve fund of the commission only as permitted by any financing documents, financial covenants, liquidity policies or agreements in effect at the commission. (July 18, 2007, P.L.169, No.44, eff. imd.) 2007 Amendment. Act 44 added section 8915.3. Cross References. Section 8915.3 is referred to in sections 8901, 9511.4 of this title; sections 1506, 8116 of Title 74 (Transportation).
75 Pa.C.S. § 3807 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 38 / Section 3807
Accelerated Rehabilitative Disposition.
Status: in_force

(a) Eligibility.--

(1) Except as set forth in paragraph (2), a defendant charged with a violation of section 3802 (relating to driving under influence of alcohol or controlled substance) may be considered by the attorney for the Commonwealth for participation in an Accelerated Rehabilitative Disposition program in a county if the program includes the minimum requirements contained in this section.

(2) The attorney for the Commonwealth shall not submit a charge brought under this chapter for Accelerated Rehabilitative Disposition if any of the following apply:

(i) The defendant has been found guilty of or accepted Accelerated Rehabilitative Disposition of a charge brought under section 3802 within ten years of the date of the current offense unless the charge was for an ungraded misdemeanor under section 3802(a)(2) and was the defendant's first offense under section 3802.

(ii) An accident occurred in connection with the events surrounding the current offense and an individual

other than the defendant was killed or suffered serious bodily injury as a result of the accident.

(iii) There was a passenger under 14 years of age in the motor vehicle the defendant was operating.

(a.1) Conditions of acceptance.--Before a defendant may accept Accelerated Rehabilitative Disposition for a charge brought under section 3802, the court shall conduct an inquiry on the record to ensure that the defendant's acceptance into Accelerated Rehabilitative Disposition and waiver of applicable constitutional rights is made knowingly, voluntarily and intelligently.

(b) Evaluation and treatment.--

(1) A defendant offered Accelerated Rehabilitative Disposition for a violation of section 3802 is, as a condition of participation in the program, subject to the following requirements in addition to any other conditions of participation imposed by the court:

(i) The defendant must attend and successfully complete an alcohol highway safety school established under section 1549 (relating to establishment of schools). A participating defendant shall be given both oral and written notice of the provisions of section 1543(b) (relating to driving while operating privilege is suspended or revoked).

(ii) Prior to receiving Accelerated Rehabilitative Disposition or other preliminary disposition, the defendant must be evaluated under section 3816(a) (relating to requirements for driving under influence offenders) to determine the extent of the defendant's involvement with alcohol or other drug and to assist the court in determining what conditions of Accelerated Rehabilitative Disposition would benefit the defendant and the public. If the evaluation indicates there is a need for counseling or treatment, the defendant shall be subject to a full assessment for substance use disorder in accordance with the provisions of section 3814(3) and (4) (relating to drug and alcohol assessments).

(iii) If the defendant is assessed under subparagraph (ii) to be in need of treatment, the defendant must participate and cooperate with a licensed treatment program. The level of treatment shall be in accordance with the recommendations of the full assessment. Nothing in this subparagraph shall prevent a treatment program from refusing to accept a defendant if the program administrator deems the defendant to be inappropriate for admission to the program. A treatment program shall retain the right to immediately discharge into the custody of the probation officer an offender who fails to comply with program rules and treatment expectations or refuses to constructively engage in the treatment process.

(iv) The defendant must remain subject to court supervision for at least six months, but not more than 12 months.

(v) The defendant must make restitution to any person that incurred determinable financial loss as a result of the defendant's actions which resulted in the offense. Restitution must be subject to court supervision.

(vi) The defendant must pay the reasonable costs of a municipal corporation in connection with the

offense. Fees imposed under this subparagraph shall be distributed to the affected municipal corporation.

(vii) The defendant must pay any other fee, surcharge or cost required by law. Except as set forth in subparagraph (vi), (viii) or (ix), a fee or financial condition imposed by a judge as a condition of Accelerated Rehabilitative Disposition or any other preliminary disposition of any charge under this chapter shall be distributed as provided for in 42 Pa.C.S. §§ 3571 (relating to Commonwealth portion of fines, etc.) and 3573 (relating to municipal corporation portion of fines, etc.).

(viii) The defendant must pay the costs of compliance with subparagraphs (i), (ii) and (iii).

(ix) The defendant shall pay a cost of $50 which shall be forwarded to the State Treasurer for deposit in the Emergency Medical Services Operating Fund.

(2) The defendant shall be subject to a full assessment for substance use disorder if any of the following apply:

(i) The evaluation under paragraph (1)(ii) indicates a likelihood that the defendant has a substance use disorder.

(ii) The defendant's blood alcohol content at the time of the offense was at least 0.16%.

(3) The assessment under paragraph (2) shall be conducted by one of the following:

(i) (Deleted by amendment).

(ii) The county agency with responsibility for county drug and alcohol programs or its designee.

(iii) The clinical personnel of a facility licensed by the Department of Drug and Alcohol Programs for the conduct of substance use disorder treatment programs.

(4) The assessment under paragraph (2) shall consider issues of public safety and shall include recommendations for all of the following:

(i) (Deleted by amendment).

(ii) Levels of care.

(iii) Follow-up care and monitoring.

(c) Insurance.--

(1) This subsection shall only apply to a health insurance, health maintenance organization or other health plan required to provide benefits under section 602-A of the act of May 17, 1921 (P.L.682, No.284), known as The Insurance Company Law of 1921.

(2) If an individual who is insured by a health insurance, a health maintenance organization or other health plan, that is doing business in this Commonwealth, the individual may not be deprived of alcohol and other drug abuse and addiction treatment or coverage within the scope of that plan due to the identification of an alcohol or other drug problem which occurs as a result of an assessment under this section.

(d) Mandatory suspension of operating privileges.--As a condition of participation in an Accelerated Rehabilitative Disposition program, the court shall order the defendant's license suspended as follows:

(1) There shall be no license suspension if the defendant's blood alcohol concentration at the time of testing was less than 0.10%.

(2) For 30 days if the defendant's blood alcohol concentration at the time of testing was at least 0.10% but less than 0.16%.

(3) For 60 days if:

(i) the defendant's blood alcohol concentration at the time of testing was 0.16% or higher;

(ii) the defendant's blood alcohol concentration is not known;

(iii) an accident which resulted in bodily injury or in damage to a vehicle or other property occurred in connection with the events surrounding the current offense; or

(iv) the defendant was charged pursuant to section 3802(d).

(4) For 90 days if the defendant was a minor at the time of the offense.

(e) Failure to comply.--

(1) A defendant who fails to complete any of the conditions of participation contained in this section shall be deemed to have unsuccessfully participated in an Accelerated Rehabilitative Disposition program, and the criminal record underlying participation in the program shall not be expunged.

(2) The court shall direct the attorney for the Commonwealth to proceed on the charges as prescribed in the Rules of Criminal Procedure if the defendant:

(i) fails to meet any of the requirements of this section;

(ii) is charged with or commits an offense under 18 Pa.C.S. (relating to crimes and offenses); or

(iii) violates any other condition imposed by the court.

(f) Record retention.--

(1) Upon a defendant's successful completion of the program provided for in this section, the court shall issue an order evidencing the completion.

(2) Notwithstanding any order of expungement, the clerk of courts shall retain a certified copy of the court order evidencing a defendant has successfully completed the program provided for in this section in accordance with 18 Pa.C.S. § 9122(c) (relating to expungement). The order shall be maintained for 12 years following the date of the entry of the order. The order shall not be subject to public inspection or duplication and shall be used solely for the purpose of future prosecutions under section 3802(h). A clerk of courts shall provide a certified copy of the order to any prosecuting attorney, court or law enforcement agency upon request.

(3) Immediately following the expiration of 12 years following the entry of the order evidencing completion, the clerk of court shall expunge the record of the completion of Accelerated Rehabilitative Disposition. The clerk of court shall not require an order of court to expunge the record.

(g) Limitation.--If a defendant fails to complete Accelerated Rehabilitative Disposition or other form of preliminary disposition and is brought to trial for the charged offense, any waiver or acknowledgment offered or required under this section shall be of no effect and shall not be used against the defendant. No statement presented by the defendant shall be used against the defendant for any purpose in a criminal proceeding except a prosecution based on the falsity of the information or statement supplied.

(h) Definition.--As used in this section, the term "substance use disorder" means a pattern of use of alcohol or other drugs leading to clinical or functional impairment.

(Nov. 29, 2004, P.L.1369, No.177, eff. imd.; Aug. 18, 2009, P.L.308, No.37, eff. 180 days; Oct. 29, 2020, P.L.773, No.93, eff. 120 days; Dec. 22, 2025, P.L.363, No.58, eff. imd.) 2025 Amendment. Act 58 amended subsec. (b) and added subsecs. (a.1), (f), (g) and (h). See sections 8 and 9 of Act 58 in the appendix to this title for special provisions relating to findings and declarations and promulgation of rules. 2004 Amendment. Act 177 amended subsecs. (b)(1)(iv) and

(d). Cross References. Section 3807 is referred to in sections 1556, 3805, 3817 of this title; section 8153 of Title 35 (Health and Safety).
75 Pa.C.S. § 3108 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 31 / Section 3108
Drivers of certified escort vehicles.
Status: in_force

(a) General rule.--The driver of a certified escort vehicle that is being operated to escort a super load must be certified and licensed by the department and wear attire that complies with 67 Pa. Code § 101.3(5) (relating to minimum attire).

(b) Criteria to be established.--Within one year of the effective date of this section, the department shall establish criteria for certified escort vehicles and for determining certification and licensing of drivers of certified escort vehicles within this Commonwealth and shall post the criteria on the department's publicly accessible Internet website.

(c) Definitions.--The following words and phrases when used in this section shall have the meanings given to them in this subsection unless the context clearly indicates otherwise:

"Certified escort vehicle." A vehicle that is operated to escort a super load on a highway of this Commonwealth.

"Super load." A vehicle or combination or load having a gross weight exceeding 201,000 pounds, a total length exceeding 160 feet or a total width exceeding 16 feet. The term does not include any of the following:

(1) A building under 67 Pa. Code § 179.11 (relating to special vehicle-load restrictions).

(2) A vehicle or combination moved across the highway under section 4965 (relating to single permits for multiple highway crossings) or 4966 (relating to permit for movement of quarry equipment).

(3) A drag line moved across a highway under permit.

(Oct. 30, 2015, P.L.216, No.55, eff. 60 days) 2015 Amendment. Act 55 added section 3108. Cross References. Section 3108 is referred to in sections 3102, 4573, 4901, 4962 of this title.
75 Pa.C.S. § 7311.2 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 73 / Section 7311.2
Salvors to remove abandoned vehicles in good faith.
Status: in_force

When requested to remove an abandoned vehicle, no salvor shall relocate and subsequently abandon the vehicle. The salvor shall move the vehicle to a facility for the purpose of storage of abandoned vehicles or another place as directed by the police or approved by the department. (Dec. 9, 2002, P.L.1278, No.152, eff. 60 days) 2002 Amendment. Act 152 added section 7311.2. Cross References. Section 7311.2 is referred to in section 7312 of this title.
75 Pa.C.S. § 7712.11 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 77 / Section 7712.11
Effectiveness of security interests.
Status: in_force

A security interest perfected in accordance with this subchapter is perfected until the secured party provides written evidence of satisfaction in accordance with section 7712.9 (relating to satisfaction of security interest) or release in accordance with section 7712.10 (relating to release of security

interest) and the indorsement of the security interest is removed by the department pursuant to section 7712.9 or 7712.10. (June 8, 2001, P.L.123, No.18, eff. July 1, 2001) 2001 Amendment. Act 18 added section 7712.11.
75 Pa.C.S. § 4945 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 49 / Section 4945
Penalties for exceeding maximum weights.
Status: in_force

(a) Gross weight violations.--

(1) Any person driving a vehicle or combination upon a highway exceeding the maximum gross weight allowed by section 4941 (relating to maximum gross weight of vehicles) or the registered gross weight allowed by section 4942 (relating to registered gross weight), whichever is less, is guilty of a summary offense and shall, upon conviction, be sentenced to pay a fine of $75 plus $75 for each 500 pounds, or part thereof, in excess of 3,000 pounds over the maximum gross weight or the registered gross weight.

(2) If the gross weight of any vehicle or combination exceeds the applicable gross weight allowed under section 4941(a), the fine imposed under this subsection shall be doubled.

(b) Axle weight violation.--Subject to the provisions of section 4982(c) (relating to reducing or readjusting loads of vehicles), any person operating a vehicle or combination with a weight on an axle or group of consecutive axles exceeding the maximum axle weights allowed by section 4943 (relating to maximum axle weight of vehicles) is guilty of a summary offense and shall, upon conviction, be sentenced to pay a fine of $100 plus $100 for each 500 pounds, or part thereof, in excess of 2,000 pounds over the maximum axle weight allowed.

(c) Wheel weight violation.--Any person operating a vehicle or combination upon a highway exceeding the maximum wheel weight allowed by section 4944 (relating to maximum wheel load) is guilty of a summary offense and shall, upon conviction, be sentenced to pay a fine of $100 plus $100 for each 200 pounds, or part thereof, in excess of 200 pounds over the maximum wheel weight allowed.

(d) Concurrent violations.--In any case in which there are concurrent violations of more than one of the sections or subsections of this subchapter prescribing maximum weights, the only penalty imposed shall be for violation of that section or subsection which produces the greatest fine. (June 18, 1980, P.L.229, No.68, eff. 60 days; Dec. 11, 1986, P.L.1530, No.166, eff. 60 days) 1986 Amendment. Act 166 amended subsec. (b). 1980 Amendment. Act 68 amended subsec. (a).
75 Pa.C.S. § 3803 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 38 / Section 3803
Grading.
Status: in_force

(a) Basic offenses.--Except as provided in subsections (b) and (c):

(1) An individual who violates section 3802(a) (relating to driving under influence of alcohol or controlled substance) and has no more than one prior offense commits a misdemeanor for which the individual may be sentenced to a term of imprisonment of not more than six months and to pay a fine under section 3804 (relating to penalties).

(2) An individual who violates section 3802(a) and has two prior offenses or has one prior offense under section 3802(h)(1) commits a misdemeanor of the second degree.

(3) An individual who violates section 3802 and has three or more prior offenses or has previously been convicted of a violation of section 3735 (relating to homicide by vehicle while driving under influence) commits a felony of the third degree.

(4) An individual who violates section 3802(a), (b),

(e) or (f) and has two prior offenses, one of which includes a violation of section 3802(h)(1) commits a felony of the third degree.

(b) Other offenses.--

(1) An individual who violates section 3802(a)(1) where there was an accident resulting in bodily injury, serious bodily injury or death of any person or in damage to a vehicle or other property, or who violates section 3802(b),

(e) or (f) and who has one prior offense commits a misdemeanor for which the individual may be sentenced to a term of imprisonment of not more than six months and to pay a fine under section 3804.

(2) An individual who violates section 3802(a)(1) where the individual refused testing of breath or chemical testing pursuant to a valid search warrant, court order or any other basis permissible by the Constitution of the United States and the Constitution of Pennsylvania, or who violates section 3802(c) or (d) and who has no prior offenses commits a misdemeanor for which the individual may be sentenced to a term of imprisonment of not more than six months and to pay a fine under section 3804.

(3) An individual who violates section 3802(a)(1) where there was an accident resulting in bodily injury, serious bodily injury or death of any person or in damage to a vehicle or other property, or who violates section 3802(b),

(e) or (f) and who has two prior offenses or has one prior offense under section 3802(h)(1) commits a misdemeanor of the first degree.

(4) An individual who violates section 3802(a)(1) where the individual refused testing of breath or chemical testing pursuant to a valid search warrant, court order or any other basis permissible by the Constitution of the United States and the Constitution of Pennsylvania, or who violates section 3802(c) or (d) and who has one prior offense commits a misdemeanor of the first degree.

(4.1) An individual who violates section 3802(a)(1) where the individual refused testing of breath or chemical testing pursuant to a valid search warrant, court order or any other basis permissible by the Constitution of the United

States and the Constitution of Pennsylvania, or who violates section 3802(c) or (d), commits:

(i) A felony of the third degree if the individual has two prior offenses.

(i.1) A felony of the third degree if the individual has one prior offense under section 3802(h)(1).

(ii) A felony of the second degree if the individual has three or more prior offenses.

(iii) A felony of the second degree if the individual has two prior offenses, one of which includes a violation of section 3802(h)(1).

(5) An individual who violates section 3802 where a minor under 18 years of age was an occupant in the vehicle when the violation occurred commits:

(i) A misdemeanor of the first degree if the individual has no more than one prior offense.

(ii) A felony of the third degree if the individual has two or more prior offenses or has one prior offense under section 3802(h)(1).

(c) Offenses following diversion.--

(1) An individual who violates section 3802(h)(1) where the underlying offense is a violation of section 3802(a),

(b), (e) or (f), commits a misdemeanor for which the individual may be sentenced to a term of imprisonment of not more than six months and to pay a fine under section 3804.

(2) An individual who violates section 3802(h)(1) where the underlying offense is a violation of section 3802(c) or

(d), commits a misdemeanor of the first degree. (Nov. 29, 2004, P.L.1369, No.177, eff. imd.; May 8, 2012, P.L.255, No.39, eff. 60 days; Oct. 27, 2014, P.L.2905, No.189, eff. imd.; Oct. 24, 2018, P.L.925, No.153, eff. 60 days; July 11, 2022, P.L.717, No.59, eff. 120 days; Dec. 22, 2025, P.L.363, No.58, eff. imd.) 2025 Amendment. See section 8 of Act 58 in the appendix to this title for special provisions relating to findings and declarations. 2022 Amendment. The preamble of Act 59 provided that Act 59 may be referred to as Deana's Law. Cross References. Section 3803 is referred to in sections 3804, 3806, 3815 of this title.
75 Pa.C.S. § 3355 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 33 / Section 3355
Removal of vehicles in a city of the first class.
Status: in_force

(a) Evidence of violation.--In cities of the first class, if a vehicle is found in violation of the provisions of this subchapter, prior to the removal of the vehicle, a towing and storage agent shall take digital photographs that clearly show all of the following:

(1) The vehicle's license plate.

(2) The violation for which the vehicle is being towed or removed.

(3) The posted sign, if any, identifying that unauthorized stopping, standing or parking is prohibited where the vehicle was found and that unauthorized vehicles will be towed or removed.

(b) Towing and storage agent responsibilities.--Prior to accepting payment for the towing and storage of a vehicle, upon request of the owner or lienholder of the vehicle, the towing and storage agent shall provide, without charge, a printed copy of the photographs to the owner or lienholder of a vehicle when the owner or lienholder claims the vehicle. Photographs shall be retained by the towing company for at least 60 days or until the vehicle is claimed, whichever is later.

(c) Enforcement.--The parking authority in a city of the first class shall promulgate rules and regulations to implement this section. If deemed necessary, the parking authority may establish penalties for towing and storage agents who violate the provisions of this section.

(d) Definitions.--As used in this section, the following words and phrases shall have the meanings given to them in this subsection unless the context clearly indicates otherwise:

"Towing and storage agent." In a city of the first class, the parking authority or the parking authority's authorized agent. This term includes a person authorized to engage in the business of operating a wrecker or motor vehicle designed or constructed and used for the towing of abandoned or disabled vehicles. (July 8, 2024, P.L.521, No.43, eff. 60 days) 2024 Amendment. Act 43 added section 3355.
75 Pa.C.S. § 1341 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 13 / Section 1341
Special registration plates.
Status: in_force

(a) General rule.--Upon request by the applicant, the department may issue registration plates consisting of any combination of numbers, letters or numbers and letters. They shall have the same force and effect as regular registration plates. The department may refuse any combination of letters and numbers for cause and shall adopt reasonable rules and regulations for the issuance of the plates and for carrying out the provisions of this section. The applicant shall comply with all laws and regulations pertaining to registration including the payment of any additional fees.

(b) Personal registration plates.--Upon request by the applicant, the department is authorized to issue personal registration plates. The department is authorized to reissue a combination of numbers or letters for a personal plate if the department records reveal that no activity, such as renewal or transfer of the personal registration plate, has occurred for a period of five or more consecutive years and provided that the personal registration plate was never reported as lost or stolen. Whenever the department reissues an inactive personal plate, the department may purge its records of all references to the previous owners of that personal plate. The department shall, however, note upon its records the reissuance of the personal plate and to whom the plate was issued. A personal registration plate may be used only on a passenger car or truck, with a registered gross weight of not more than 14,000 pounds, motorcycle, trailer or motor home.

(c) Organization registration plates.--Upon request by the applicant, the department is authorized to issue organization registration plates. Organization registration plates may be issued for special groups or for special purposes and bear an appropriate designation. Special groups may charge an initial fee for authorization to request a registration plate bearing the name of the group or an abbreviation of the group name desired by the organization and as approved by the department. Special groups with more than 2,000 organization registration plates may charge a renewal fee for authorization to renew a

registration plate bearing the name of the group. The imposition or collection of initial or renewal fees for authorization to request or continue use of a special group's plate is at the special group's discretion and does not require any action by the department. If the vehicle is licensed to a business that is not a member of the special group, the department shall issue the plate as long as the business owner or officer making application is a member of that group. An organization registration plate may be used only on a passenger car or truck, with a registered gross weight of not more than 14,000 pounds, trailer, motorcycle or motor home. (Apr. 29, 1994, P.L.148, No.25, eff. imd.; June 26, 2001, P.L.734, No.75, eff. 60 days; Nov. 29, 2006, P.L.1449, No.159, eff. 60 days; Dec. 18, 2007, P.L.436, No.67, eff. 60 days; Mar. 19, 2014, P.L.361, No.23, eff. 120 days; Oct. 24, 2018, P.L.645, No.91, eff. 120 days) 2018 Amendment. Act 91 amended subsec. (c). Cross References. Section 1341 is referred to in sections 1333, 1786 of this title.
75 Pa.C.S. § 9809 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 98 / Section 9809
Report requirements (Repealed).
Status: repealed

1995 Repeal. Section 9809 was repealed December 20, 1995, P.L.669, No.75, effective January 1, 1996.
75 Pa.C.S. § 47 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 47 / Section 47
Costs incurred by department.
Status: in_force

The sum of $1,000,000 is appropriated to the Department of Transportation from the Multimodal Transportation Fund for costs incurred by the department in the administration of the programs under 74 Pa.C.S. § 2104(a)(1). 2014, OCTOBER 27, P.L.2905, NO.189 § 3. Retroactivity. The amendment of 75 Pa.C.S. § 1553(d)(10)(ii) shall be applied retroactively to January 1, 2004, in cases where the record of a judgment of conviction, adjudication of delinquency or a granting of a consent decree was sent to the Department of Transportation prior to the effective date of this section but not within the time period required under 75 Pa.C.S. § 6323(1). Explanatory Note. Act 189 amended sections 1553, 3803, 3806, 6323 of Title 75. 2016, JUNE 13, P.L.336, NO.43

§ 3. Duties of law enforcement officials. Notwithstanding the provisions of 75 Pa.C.S. § 4581(b), a law enforcement official authorized to issue citations for a violation of 75 Pa.C.S. § 4581(a)(1)(ii) shall, during the first year following the effective date of this section, only issue verbal warnings to individuals who are in violation of 75 Pa.C.S. § 4581(a)(1)(ii). Explanatory Note. Act 43 amended the heading of Subchapter E of Chapter 45 and section 4581 of Title 75. 2016, JULY 20, P.L.837, NO.97
75 Pa.C.S. § 1376 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 13 / Section 1376
Surrender of registration plates and cards upon suspension or revocation.
Status: in_force

(a) General rule.--The department, upon suspending or revoking any registration, shall require the registration plate or plates and registration card or cards to be surrendered immediately to the department.

(b) Delegation of authority.--If after 30 days from the mail date of a notice of suspension or revocation, the registration plates and cards are not surrendered under subsection (a), the department may delegate authority to the following persons to seize a registration plate and registration card which are required to be surrendered under subsection (a):

(1) A designated department employee.

(2) Members of the Pennsylvania State Police.

(3) Local police officers.

(4) Sheriffs or deputy sheriffs.

(5) Constables or deputy constables.

(b.1) Immediate seizure of registration plates and cards.--The department may delegate authority to the persons described in this section to immediately seize registration plates and cards upon imposition of the following:

(1) a suspension imposed pursuant to section 1374(d)(3) or (4) (relating to suspension or revocation of vehicle business registration plates) until all fees, taxes and penalties have been paid;

(2) a suspension or revocation imposed pursuant to section 1373(b)(3) (relating to suspension of registration) or 1374(g);

(3) a suspension or revocation is reinstated after determination of a matter as provided in section 1377 (relating to judicial review);

(4) a suspension imposed pursuant to section 1379 (relating to suspension of registration upon sixth unpaid parking violation in cities of the first class) until all fines, penalties and costs have been paid; or

(5) a suspension imposed pursuant to section 1380 (relating to suspension of registration upon unpaid tolls) until all tolls, administrative fees and costs have been paid, dismissed, reversed on appeal or canceled or if the owner or registrant enters into an agreement with the tolling entity to make installment payments.

(c) Regulations.--The department shall, by regulation, prescribe the manner of selecting those persons who are delegated authority under this section to seize the registration plates and registration cards. This requirement does not apply to persons described in this section who have been trained pursuant to the provisions of section 6117 (relating to authority of qualified employees of department and Department of Revenue).

(d) Penalty.--Any person failing or refusing to surrender to the department or its authorized delegate, upon demand, any registration plate or card which has been suspended or revoked is guilty of a summary offense and shall, upon conviction, be sentenced to pay a fine of $300, plus costs. Costs shall include

a reasonable fee for official seizure of the unsurrendered items. (June 19, 1985, P.L.49, No.20, eff. 60 days; Feb. 7, 1990, P.L.11, No.6, eff. 60 days; Dec. 7, 1994, P.L.820, No.115, eff. 60 days; Dec. 21, 1998, P.L.1126, No.151, eff. 60 days; July 14, 2005, P.L.285, No.50, eff. 60 days; Oct. 9, 2009, P.L.494, No.49, eff. 60 days; Nov. 4, 2016, P.L.1277, No.165, eff. 9 months) 2016 Amendment. Act 165 amended subsec. (b.1). 2009 Amendment. Act 49 amended subsec. (b)(5). 1998 Amendment. Act 151 amended subsecs. (b.1)(2) and (c). Cross References. Section 1376 is referred to in section 7165 of Title 44 (Law and Justice).
75 Pa.C.S. § 9819 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 98 / Section 9819
False statements and penalties (Repealed).
Status: repealed

1995 Repeal. Section 9819 was repealed December 20, 1995, P.L.669, No.75, effective January 1, 1996.
75 Pa.C.S. § 3308 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 33 / Section 3308
One-way roadways and rotary traffic islands.
Status: in_force

(a) Establishment and marking.--The department and local authorities with respect to highways under their respective jurisdictions may designate any highway, roadway, part of a roadway or specific lanes upon which vehicular traffic shall proceed in one direction at all or such times as shall be indicated by official traffic-control devices.

(b) Driving on one-way roadway.--Upon a roadway designated for one-way traffic, a vehicle shall be driven only in the direction designated at all or such times as shall be indicated by official traffic-control devices.

(c) Driving around rotary traffic island.--A vehicle passing around a rotary traffic island shall be driven only to the right of the island. Cross References. Section 3308 is referred to in sections 3745.1, 6109 of this title.
75 Pa.C.S. § 3326 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 33 / Section 3326
Duty of driver in construction and maintenance areas or on highway safety corridors.
Status: in_force

(a) Areas indicated by traffic-control devices.--The driver of a vehicle shall yield the right-of-way to any authorized vehicle or pedestrian actually engaged in work upon a highway within any highway or utility construction or maintenance area indicated by official traffic-control devices placed in accordance with department regulations, including advanced warning signs or a vehicle having flashing or revolving yellow lights.

(b) Work vehicles displaying flashing lights.--The driver of a vehicle shall yield the right-of-way to any authorized vehicle obviously and actually engaged in work upon a highway whenever the vehicle displays flashing lights meeting the requirements and regulations promulgated by the department.

(c) Fines to be doubled.--For any of the following violations, when committed in an active work zone manned by workers acting in their official capacity or on a highway safety corridor designated under section 6105.1 (relating to designation of highway safety corridors), the fine shall be double the usual amount: Section 3102 (relating to obedience to authorized persons directing traffic). Section 3111 (relating to obedience to traffic-control devices). Section 3112 (relating to traffic-control signals). Section 3114 (relating to flashing signals). Section 3302 (relating to meeting vehicle proceeding in opposite direction). Section 3303 (relating to overtaking vehicle on the left). Section 3304 (relating to overtaking vehicle on the right). Section 3305 (relating to limitations on overtaking on the left). Section 3306 (relating to limitations on driving on left side of roadway). Section 3307 (relating to no-passing zones). Section 3309 (relating to driving on roadways laned for traffic). Section 3310 (relating to following too closely). Section 3323 (relating to stop signs and yield signs). Section 3326 (relating to duty of driver in construction and maintenance areas).

Section 3361 (relating to driving vehicle at safe speed). Section 3362 (relating to maximum speed limits). Section 3702 (relating to limitations on backing). Section 3714 (relating to careless driving). Section 3736 (relating to reckless driving). Section 3802 (relating to driving under influence of alcohol or controlled substance).

(c.1) Applicability of subsection (c).--Fines under subsection (c) shall be doubled only if the active work zone or highway safety corridor where the violation occurred is posted with an official sign in accordance with this section.

(c.2) Penalties for bodily injury or death.--In addition to any other penalty prescribed by law, a driver who violates this section and causes bodily injury to, serious bodily injury to or the death of a worker acting in the worker's official capacity or on a highway safety corridor designated under section 6105.1 commits an offense and shall, upon conviction, adjudication of delinquency or admission into an Accelerated Rehabilitative Disposition program or a preadjudication program:

(1) For causing bodily injury as defined in 18 Pa.C.S. § 2301 (relating to definitions), pay a fine of not more than $1,000.

(2) For causing serious bodily injury, pay a fine of not more than $5,000.

(3) For causing death, pay a fine of not more than $10,000.

(c.3) Suspension of operating privilege.--Upon receiving a certified record of the driver's conviction, adjudication of delinquency or admission into an Accelerated Rehabilitative Disposition program or a preadjudication program for a violation of this section, the department shall suspend the operating privilege of the driver in accordance with the following:

(1) For a period of six months if the certified conviction, adjudication of delinquency or admission into an Accelerated Rehabilitative Disposition program or a preadjudication program indicates the violation resulted in the serious bodily injury of a worker acting in the worker's official capacity or on a highway safety corridor designated under section 6105.1.

(2) For a period of one year if the certified conviction, adjudication of delinquency or admission into an Accelerated Rehabilitative Disposition program or a preadjudication program indicates the violation resulted in the death of a worker acting in the worker's official capacity or on a highway safety corridor designated under section 6105.1.

(d) Notice.--

(1) Official traffic-control devices shall be appropriately placed to notify motorists that increased penalties apply for moving violations in active work zones signed in compliance with this subsection and subsection

(e).

(2) Official traffic control devices shall be appropriately placed to notify motorists that increased penalties apply for moving violations in highway safety corridors.

(e) Posting.--Official traffic-control devices shall be erected at the beginning of an active work zone with a white strobe light or other unique, illuminated light or device. The light or device shall indicate that workers are present in the active work zone. The light or device shall be turned off if

no workers are present. An official traffic-control device shall be erected immediately at the end of the active work zone indicating that workers are no longer present. (July 5, 1989, P.L.164, No.30, eff. 60 days; July 6, 1995, P.L.315, No.48, eff. 60 days; Dec. 23, 2002, P.L.1982, No.229, eff. 6 months; Sept. 30, 2003, P.L.120, No.24, eff. Feb. 1, 2004; Nov. 24, 2015, P.L.431, No.70, eff. 6 months) 2015 Amendment. Act 70 added subsecs. (c.2) and (c.3). 2003 Amendment. Act 24 amended subsec. (c). Cross References. Section 3326 is referred to in section 1603 of this title.
75 Pa.C.S. § 1705 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 17 / Section 1705
Election of tort options.
Status: in_force

(a) Financial responsibility requirements.--

(1) Each insurer, not less than 45 days prior to the first renewal of a private passenger motor vehicle liability insurance policy on and after July 1, 1990, shall notify in writing each named insured of the availability of two alternatives of full tort insurance and limited tort insurance described in subsections (c) and (d). The notice shall be a standardized form adopted by the commissioner and shall include the following language:

NOTICE TO NAMED INSUREDS A. "Limited Tort" Option--The laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania give you the right to choose a form of insurance that limits your right and the right of members of your household to seek financial compensation for injuries caused by other drivers. Under this form of insurance, you and other household members covered under this policy may seek recovery for all medical and other out-of-pocket expenses, but not for pain and suffering or other nonmonetary damages unless the injuries suffered fall within the definition of "serious injury" as set forth in the policy or unless one of several other exceptions noted in the policy applies. The annual premium for basic coverage as required by law under this "limited tort" option is $ . Additional coverages under this option are available at additional cost. B. "Full Tort" Option--The laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania also give you the right to choose a form of insurance under which you maintain an unrestricted right for you and the members of your household to seek financial compensation for injuries caused by other drivers. Under this form of insurance, you and other household members covered under this policy may seek recovery for all medical and other out-of-pocket expenses and may also seek financial compensation for pain and suffering and other nonmonetary damages as a result of injuries caused by other drivers. The annual premium for basic coverage as required by law under this "full tort" option is $ . Additional coverages under this option are available at additional cost. C. You may contact your insurance agent, broker or company to discuss the cost of other coverages. D. If you wish to choose the "limited tort" option described in paragraph A, you must sign this notice where indicated below and return it. If you do not sign and return this notice, you will be considered to have chosen the "full tort" coverage as described in paragraph B and you will be charged the "full tort" premium. I wish to choose the "limited tort" option described in paragraph A: .................. ............................. Date Named Insured E. If you wish to choose the "full tort" option described in paragraph B, you may sign this notice where indicated below and return it. However, if you do not sign and return this notice, you will be considered to have chosen the "full tort" coverage as described in paragraph B and you will be charged the "full tort" premium. I wish to choose the "full tort" option described in paragraph B: .................. ............................. Date Named Insured

(2) Insurers shall print the above notice containing both options on one sheet in prominent type and place in a prominent location. Any person signing, or otherwise bound by, a document containing such terms is bound by such election and is precluded from claiming liability of any person based upon being inadequately informed in making the election between full tort or limited tort alternatives.

Where there are two or more named insureds on a policy, any named insured may make the full or limited tort election provided for in this section for all named insureds on the policy.

(3) If a named insured who receives a notice under paragraph (1) does not indicate a choice within 20 days, the insurer shall send a second notice. The second notice shall be in a form identical to the first notice, except that it shall be identified as a second and final notice. If a named insured has not responded to either notice ten days prior to the renewal date, the named insured and those he is empowered by this section to bind by his choice are conclusively presumed to have chosen the full tort alternative. All notices required by this section shall advise that if no tort election is made, the named insured and those he is empowered to bind by his choice are conclusively presumed to have chosen the full tort alternative. Any person subject to the limited tort option by virtue of this section shall be precluded from claiming liability of any person based upon being inadequately informed.

(4) Each insurer, prior to the first issuance of a private passenger motor vehicle liability insurance policy on and after July 1, 1990, shall provide each applicant with the notice required by paragraph (1). A policy may not be issued until the applicant has been provided an opportunity to elect a tort option.

(5) An owner of a currently registered private passenger motor vehicle who does not have financial responsibility shall be deemed to have chosen the limited tort alternative.

(6) Nothing in this section changes or modifies the existing requirement that owners of registered vehicles maintain bodily injury and property damage liability insurance arising out of the ownership, maintenance or use of a motor vehicle.

(b) Application of tort options.--

(1) The tort option elected by a named insured shall apply to all private passenger motor vehicle policies of the named insured issued by the same insurer and shall continue in force as to all subsequent renewal policies, replacement policies and any other private passenger motor vehicle policies under which the individual is a named insured until the insurer, or its authorized representative, receives a properly executed form electing the other tort option.

(2) The tort option elected by a named insured shall apply to all insureds under the private passenger motor vehicle policy who are not named insureds under another private passenger motor vehicle policy. In the case where more than one private passenger motor vehicle policy is applicable to an insured and the policies have conflicting tort options, the insured is bound by the tort option of the policy associated with the private passenger motor vehicle in which the insured is an occupant at the time of the accident if he is an insured on that policy and bound by the full tort option otherwise.

(3) An individual who is not an owner of a currently registered private passenger motor vehicle and who is not a named insured or insured under any private passenger motor vehicle policy shall not be precluded from maintaining an action for noneconomic loss or economic loss sustained in a motor vehicle accident as the consequence of the fault of another person pursuant to applicable tort law.

(c) Full tort alternative.--Each person who is bound by the full tort election remains eligible to seek compensation for noneconomic loss claimed and economic loss sustained in a motor vehicle accident as the consequence of the fault of another person pursuant to applicable tort law.

(d) Limited tort alternative.--Each person who elects the limited tort alternative remains eligible to seek compensation for economic loss sustained in a motor vehicle accident as the consequence of the fault of another person pursuant to applicable tort law. Unless the injury sustained is a serious injury, each person who is bound by the limited tort election shall be precluded from maintaining an action for any noneconomic loss, except that:

(1) An individual otherwise bound by the limited tort election who sustains damages in a motor vehicle accident as the consequence of the fault of another person may recover damages as if the individual damaged had elected the full tort alternative whenever the person at fault:

(i) is convicted or accepts Accelerated Rehabilitative Disposition (ARD) for driving under the influence of alcohol or a controlled substance in that accident;

(ii) is operating a motor vehicle registered in another state;

(iii) intends to injure himself or another person, provided that an individual does not intentionally injure himself or another person merely because his act or failure to act is intentional or done with his realization that it creates a grave risk of causing injury or the act or omission causing the injury is for the purpose of averting bodily harm to himself or another person; or

(iv) has not maintained financial responsibility as required by this chapter, provided that nothing in this paragraph shall affect the limitation of section 1731(d)(2) (relating to availability, scope and amount of coverage).

(2) An individual otherwise bound by the limited tort election shall retain full tort rights with respect to claims against a person in the business of designing, manufacturing, repairing, servicing or otherwise maintaining motor vehicles arising out of a defect in such motor vehicle which is caused by or not corrected by an act or omission in the course of such business, other than a defect in a motor vehicle which is operated by such business.

(3) An individual otherwise bound by the limited tort election shall retain full tort rights if injured while an occupant of a motor vehicle other than a private passenger motor vehicle.

(e) Nondiscrimination.--No insurer shall cancel, refuse to write or refuse to renew a motor vehicle insurance policy based on the tort option election of the named insured. Any violation of this subsection shall be deemed a violation of the Automobile Insurance Policy Act.

(f) Definitions.--As used in this section, the following words and phrases when used in this section shall have the meanings given to them in this subsection unless the context clearly indicates otherwise:

"Insured." Any individual residing in the household of the named insured who is:

(1) a spouse or other relative of the named insured; or

(2) a minor in the custody of either the named insured or relative of the named insured.

"Named insured." Any individual identified by name as an insured in a policy of private passenger motor vehicle insurance. (Feb. 7, 1990, P.L.11, No.6, eff. imd.) 1990 Amendment. Act 6 added section 1705. References in Text. The act of June 5, 1968 (P.L.140, No.78), referred to as the Automobile Insurance Policy Act, referred to in subsec. (e), was repealed by the act of June 17, 1998, P.L.464, No.68. The subject matter is now contained in
75 Pa.C.S. § 8504 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 85 / Section 8504
Certificate of compliance required.
Status: in_force

(a) Prohibition.--Except as provided in subsection (b), no person may operate on a highway in this Commonwealth a highly automated vehicle, unless:

(1) the firm, copartnership, association, corporation or educational or research institution is a certificate holder or is a highly automated vehicle driver approved by a certificate holder to operate a highly automated vehicle on behalf of the certificate holder; and

(2) the highly automated vehicle is operated in accordance with this title.

(b) Applicability.--Subsection (a) shall not apply to:

(1) A highly automated work zone vehicle operated in accordance with section 8531 (relating to highly automated work zone vehicles).

(2) A platoon operated in accordance with section 8532 (relating to platooning).

(3) A highly automated vehicle registered in another state operating in this Commonwealth under an interstate agreement in accordance with section 8510.5 (relating to interstate agreements). (Nov. 3, 2022, P.L.1946, No.130, eff. 240 days) 2022 Amendment. Act 130 added section 8504. Cross References. Section 8504 is referred to in section 8510.1 of this title.
75 Pa.C.S. § 3732.1 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 37 / Section 3732.1
Aggravated assault by vehicle.
Status: in_force

(a) Offense.--Any person who recklessly or with gross negligence causes serious bodily injury to another person while engaged in the violation of any law of this Commonwealth or municipal ordinance applying to the operation or use of a vehicle or to the regulation of traffic, except section 3802 (relating to driving under influence of alcohol or controlled substance), is guilty of aggravated assault by vehicle, a felony of the third degree when the violation is the cause of the injury.

(b) Sentencing.--

(1) In addition to any other penalty provided by law, a person convicted of a violation of subsection (a) may be sentenced to an additional term not to exceed two years' confinement if at trial the prosecution proves beyond a reasonable doubt that the offense occurred in an active work zone.

(2) In addition to any other penalty provided by law, a person convicted of a violation of subsection (a) who is also convicted of a violation of section 1501 (relating to drivers required to be licensed), 1543 (relating to driving while operating privilege is suspended or revoked), 3316 (relating to prohibiting text-based communications), 3316.1 (relating to prohibiting use of interactive mobile device), 3325 (relating to duty of driver on approach of emergency vehicle) or 3327 (relating to duty of driver in emergency response areas and in relation to disabled vehicles) may be sentenced to an additional term not to exceed two years' confinement.

(3) The prosecution must indicate intent to proceed under this section in the indictment or information which commences the prosecution.

(4) The Pennsylvania Commission on Sentencing, under 42 Pa.C.S. § 2154 (relating to adoption of guidelines for sentencing), shall provide for a sentencing enhancement for an offense under this section when the violation occurred in an active work zone or the individual was also convicted of a violation of section 1501, 1543, 3316, 3316.1, 3325 or 3327. (Oct. 19, 2010, P.L.557, No.81, eff. 60 days; Nov. 4, 2016, P.L.1277, No.165, eff. 60 days; Oct. 24, 2018, P.L.925, No.153, eff. 60 days; Oct. 29, 2020, P.L.1057, No.105, eff. 180 days; June 5, 2024, P.L.366, No.18, eff. 12 months)

2024 Amendment. Act 18 amended subsec. (b)(2) and (4). The preamble of Act 18 provided that Act 18 may be referred to as Paul Miller's Law. 2020 Amendment. Section 2 of Act 105 provided that Act 105 may be referred to as the Move Over Law. 2018 Amendment. Act 153 amended subsec. (b). 2010 Amendment. Act 81 added section 3732.1. The preamble of Act 81 provided that Act 81 may be referred to as the Sgt. Michael C. Weigand Law. Cross References. Section 3732.1 is referred to in section 8510.1 of this title.
75 Pa.C.S. § 3362 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 33 / Section 3362
Maximum speed limits.
Status: in_force

(a) General rule.--Except when a special hazard exists that requires lower speed for compliance with section 3361 (relating to driving vehicle at safe speed), the limits specified in this section or established under this subchapter shall be maximum

lawful speeds and no person shall drive a vehicle at a speed in excess of the following maximum limits:

(1) 35 miles per hour in any urban district.

(1.1) 65 miles per hour or 70 miles per hour for all vehicles on freeways where the department has posted a 65-miles-per-hour or 70-miles-per-hour speed limit.

(1.2) 25 miles per hour in a residence district if the highway:

(i) is not a numbered traffic route; and

(ii) is functionally classified by the department as a local highway.

(2) 55 miles per hour in other locations.

(3) Any other maximum speed limit established under this subchapter.

(b) Posting of speed limit.--

(1) No maximum speed limit established under subsection

(a)(1), (1.2) or (3) shall be effective unless posted on fixed or variable official traffic-control devices erected in accordance with regulations adopted by the department which regulations shall require posting at the beginning and end of each speed zone and at intervals not greater than one-half mile.

(2) No maximum speed limit established under subsection

(a)(1.1) shall be effective unless posted on fixed or variable official traffic-control devices erected after each interchange on the portion of highway on which the speed limit is in effect and wherever else the department shall determine.

(c) Penalty.--

(1) Any person violating this section is guilty of a summary offense and shall, upon conviction, be sentenced to pay a fine of:

(i) $42.50 for violating a maximum speed limit of 65 miles per hour or higher; or

(ii) $35 for violating any other maximum speed limit.

(2) Any person exceeding the maximum speed limit by more than five miles per hour shall pay an additional fine of $2 per mile for each mile in excess of five miles per hour over the maximum speed limit. (June 13, 1995, P.L.57, No.9, eff. 30 days; Dec. 21, 1998, P.L.1126, No.151, eff. 60 days; June 26, 2001, P.L.734, No.75, eff. 60 days; Nov. 25, 2013, P.L.974, No.89, eff. imd.; Mar. 19, 2014, P.L.361, No.23, eff. imd.)

Amendment. Act 23 amended subsec. (a)(1.1).

Amendment. Act 89 amended subsecs. (a) and (c). See the preamble to Act 89 in the appendix to this title for special provisions relating to legislative findings and declarations. 1998 Amendment. Act 151 amended subsec. (b)(1) and added subsec. (a)(1.2). 1995 Amendment. See section 4 of Act 9 in the appendix to this title for special provisions relating to report on effect of increased speed limit. Cross References. Section 3362 is referred to in sections 1535, 1538, 3326, 3363, 3370, 3371, 3716, 6108, 6109, 6506 of this title.
75 Pa.C.S. § 9818 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 98 / Section 9818
Availability of records of other agencies (Repealed).
Status: repealed

1995 Repeal. Section 9818 was repealed December 20, 1995, P.L.669, No.75, effective January 1, 1996.
75 Pa.C.S. § 8915.7 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 89 / Section 8915.7
Impact on associated highways and local roads.
Status: in_force

Prior to the conversion date and within one year following the conversion date, the commission, in collaboration with the department, shall conduct traffic studies to determine the average daily traffic on associated roads and highways. The purpose of these studies will be to quantify any diversion of traffic from Interstate 80 to other roadways as a result of the conversion. This section shall not require duplication of traffic studies undertaken by the commission as a part of the conversion process or undertaken by the department as a normal course of the department's operations. (July 18, 2007, P.L.169, No.44, eff. imd.) 2007 Amendment. Act 44 added section 8915.7.
75 Pa.C.S. § 1735 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 17 / Section 1735
Coverages unaffected by workers' compensation benefits (Repealed).
Status: repealed

1993 Repeal. Section 1735 was repealed July 2, 1993, P.L.190, No.44, effective immediately.
75 Pa.C.S. § 4572.1 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 45 / Section 4572.1
Flashing or revolving lights on tow trucks.
Status: in_force

(a) Colored lights.--

(1) Subject to subsection (b), tow trucks may be equipped with one or more flashing or revolving yellow lights and one or more flashing or revolving white lights. The manner in which the light or lights shall be displayed shall be determined by regulation of the department.

(2) Subject to subsection (b.1), tow trucks may be equipped with one or more flashing or revolving yellow lights and one or more flashing or revolving blue lights. The blue lights shall only be equipped in the rear of the vehicle.

(b) Limitations on white lights.--The flashing or revolving yellow and white lights under subsection (a)(1) on tow trucks shall be activated only when the vehicle is actively performing the type of work which is the basis of the designation of the vehicle as an authorized vehicle or is within the vicinity of an emergency response area. Tow trucks shall not operate with activated flashing or revolving yellow and white lights under subsection (a)(1) when:

(1) Not engaged in the act of towing a vehicle.

(2) Brake lights, turn signals and operating lights are visible from the rear and not obstructed.

(3) The vehicle being towed does not trail behind the tow truck and is securely positioned on the flatbed of the tow truck with no parts of the towed vehicle overhanging.

(b.1) Limitations on blue lights.--A tow truck may only operate with blue lights under subsection (a)(2) while the tow truck is stationary on the side of the road or highway while responding to a disabled vehicle. A tow truck shall not operate with blue lights under subsection (a)(2) at any time while the tow truck is in motion.

(c) Penalty.--Unauthorized use of the lights specified in this subsection shall be a summary offense punishable by a fine of $50. (Oct. 19, 2018, P.L.547, No.83, eff. 60 days; Nov. 3, 2022, P.L.2156, No.157, eff. 60 days)

Amendment. Section 2 of Act 157 provided that all regulations and parts of regulations are abrogated to the extent of any inconsistency with the provisions of Act 157.
75 Pa.C.S. § 9004 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 90 / Section 9004
Imposition of tax, exemptions and deductions.
Status: reserved

(a) (Reserved).

(b) Oil company franchise tax for highway maintenance and construction.--The tax imposed by Chapter 95 (relating to taxes for highway maintenance and construction) shall be imposed and collected on liquid fuels and fuels, on a cents-per-gallon equivalent basis, upon all gallons of liquid fuels and fuels used or sold and delivered by distributors within this Commonwealth.

(c) Aviation gasoline tax.--In lieu of the taxes under subsection (b):

(1) A State tax of 1 1/2¢ a gallon or fractional part thereof is imposed and assessed upon all liquid fuels used or sold and delivered by distributors within this Commonwealth for use as fuel in propeller-driven piston engine aircraft or aircraft engines.

(2) A State tax of 1 1/2¢ a gallon or fractional part thereof is imposed and assessed upon all liquid fuels used or sold and delivered by distributors within this Commonwealth for use as fuel in turbine-propeller jet, turbojet or jet- driven aircraft or aircraft engines.

(d) Alternative fuels tax.--

(1) A tax is hereby imposed upon alternative fuels used to propel vehicles of any kind or character on the public highways. The rate of tax applicable to each alternative fuel shall be computed by the department on a gallon equivalent basis and shall be published as necessary by notice in the Pennsylvania Bulletin.

(2) The tax imposed in this section upon alternative fuels shall be reported and paid to the department by each alternative fuel dealer-user rather than by distributors under this chapter similar to the manner in which distributors are required to report and pay the tax on liquid fuels and fuels, and the licensing and bonding provisions of this chapter shall be applicable to alternative fuel dealer-users. The department may permit alternative fuel dealer-users to report the tax due for reporting periods greater than one month up to an annual basis provided the tax is prepaid on the estimated amount of alternative fuel to be used in such extended period. The bonding requirements may be waived by the department where the tax has been prepaid.

(3) Nothing contained in this chapter shall be construed to:

(i) Affect the duty of an alternative fuel dealer-user to report and pay to the department the tax under this subsection for electricity delivered through an electric vehicle charging station provided by the alternative fuel dealer-user to the owner or registrant of an electric vehicle or plug-in hybrid electric vehicle that is subject to the electric vehicle road user charge.

(ii) Prohibit the alternative fuel dealer-user from passing onto the owner or registrant of an electric vehicle or plug-in hybrid electric vehicle that is subject to the electric vehicle road user charge any costs associated with the reporting and payment of the tax under this subsection.

(e) Exceptions.--The tax imposed under subsections (b), (c) and (d) shall not apply to liquid fuels, fuels or alternative fuels:

(1) Delivered to the Federal Government on presentation of an authorized Federal Government exemption certificate or other evidence satisfactory to the department.

(2) Used or sold and delivered which are not within the taxing power of the Commonwealth under the Commerce Clause of the Constitution of the United States.

(3) Used as fuel in aircraft or aircraft engines, except for the tax imposed under subsection (c).

(4) Delivered to this Commonwealth, a political subdivision, a volunteer fire company, a volunteer ambulance service, a volunteer rescue squad, a second class county port authority, an electric cooperative corporation as defined under 15 Pa.C.S. § 7302(a) (relating to application of chapter) or a nonpublic school not operated for profit on presentation of evidence satisfactory to the department.

(f) Single payment.--The tax imposed and assessed under this subsection shall be collected by and paid to the Commonwealth only once in respect to any liquid fuels, fuels and alternative fuels.

(g) Distributors to pay tax.--Distributors shall be liable to the Commonwealth for the collection and payment of the tax imposed by this chapter. The tax imposed by this chapter shall be collected by the distributor at the time the liquid fuels and fuels are used or sold and delivered by the distributor and shall be borne by the consumer.

(h) Losses to be allowed.--The department shall allow for handling and storage losses of liquid fuels and fuels that are substantiated to the satisfaction of the department. (Nov. 25, 2013, P.L.974, No.89, eff. Jan. 1, 2014; July 17, 2024, P.L.917, No.85, eff. Jan. 1, 2025) 2024 Amendment. Act 85 amended subsec. (e)(4) and added subsec. (d)(3).

Amendment. Act 89 amended subsecs. (a), (b), (c) intro. par. and (e) intro. par. See the preamble to Act 89 in the appendix to this title for special provisions relating to legislative findings and declarations. Special Provisions in Appendix. See section 21(d) of Act 3 of 1997 in the appendix to this title for special provisions relating to computation of "cents-per-gallon equivalent basis." Cross References. Section 9004 is referred to in sections 9002, 9004.1, 9006, 9017, 9024, 9502, 9511.11, 9603 of this title.
75 Pa.C.S. § 2305 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 23 / Section 2305
Appeals.
Status: in_force

Any aggrieved party may appeal the decision of the secretary to the court of common pleas vested with jurisdiction of such appeals by or pursuant to Title 42 (relating to judiciary and judicial procedure).
75 Pa.C.S. § 3324 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 33 / Section 3324
Vehicle entering or crossing roadway.
Status: in_force

The driver of a vehicle about to enter or cross a roadway from any place other than another roadway shall yield the right-of-way to all vehicles approaching on the roadway to be entered or crossed. Cross References. Section 3324 is referred to in section 1535 of this title.
75 Pa.C.S. § 7743 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 77 / Section 7743
Mufflers and sound control.
Status: in_force

(a) General rule.--It is unlawful to operate a snowmobile or an ATV which is not equipped at all times with a muffler in good working order which blends the exhaust sound into the overall snowmobile or ATV sound and is in constant operation to prevent excessive or unusual sound. The exhaust system shall not emit or produce a sharp popping or crackling sound. The sound intensity produced by a snowmobile shall not exceed 82dbA when measured in accordance with SAE Recommended Practice J 192 Exterior Sound Level for Snowmobiles, as amended. The department may by regulation adopt more stringent sound requirements for snowmobiles. The department shall by regulation adopt sound requirements for in-use operation of ATV's using measurement procedures in accordance with SAE Recommended Practice J 1287 July 1998, Measurement of Exhaust Level of Stationary

Motorcycles. The sound level intensity produced by an ATV manufactured before January 1, 1998, shall not exceed 99dbA, or decibels, when measured at 20 inches. The sound level intensity produced by an ATV manufactured on or after January 1, 1998, shall not exceed 96dbA, or decibels, when measured at 20 inches.

(b) Modified mufflers prohibited.--It is unlawful to modify a muffler or to operate a snowmobile or an ATV with a modified muffler so as to increase the sound level of the snowmobile or ATV above the level allowed by this section.

(c) Exception.--This section does not apply to organized races or similar competitive events. (July 11, 1985, P.L.220, No.56, eff. 60 days; Nov. 3, 2016, P.L.1058, No.136, eff. imd.; Oct. 24, 2018, P.L.725, No.115, eff. imd.) 2018 Amendment. Act 115 amended subsec. (a). 2016 Amendment. Act 136 amended the section heading and subsec. (a).
75 Pa.C.S. § 1552 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 15 / Section 1552
Accelerated Rehabilitative Disposition.
Status: in_force

The court of common pleas in each judicial district and the Municipal Court of Philadelphia shall establish and implement a program for Accelerated Rehabilitative Disposition for persons charged with a violation of section 3802 (relating to driving under influence of alcohol or controlled substance) in accordance with the provisions of this chapter, Chapter 38 (relating to driving after imbibing alcohol or utilizing drugs) and rules adopted by the Supreme Court. (Dec. 15, 1982, P.L.1268, No.289, eff. 30 days; Sept. 30, 2003, P.L.120, No.24, eff. Feb. 1, 2004; Nov. 29, 2004, P.L.1369, No.177, eff. imd.)
75 Pa.C.S. § 9012 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 90 / Section 9012
Suspension or revocation of permits.
Status: in_force

(a) Notice and hearings.--If the department finds that the holder of a permit has failed to comply with the provisions of this chapter, the department shall notify the permit holder and afford the permit holder a hearing on five days' written notice.

(b) Action by department.--After a hearing, the department may revoke or suspend the permit. Upon suspending or revoking a permit, the department shall request the holder of the permit to surrender to it immediately all permits or duplicates issued to the holder.

(c) Surrender of permits.--The holder shall surrender promptly all permits to the department as requested.

(d) Penalty.--A person who refuses to surrender a permit suspended or revoked by the department commits a summary offense.
75 Pa.C.S. § 3512 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 35 / Section 3512
Pedalcycle Helmet Fund (Repealed).
Status: repealed

1995 Repeal. Section 3512 was repealed December 15, 1995, P.L.655, No.72, effective in 60 days.
75 Pa.C.S. § 3364 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 33 / Section 3364
Minimum speed regulation.
Status: in_force

(a) Impeding movement of traffic prohibited.--Except when reduced speed is necessary for safe operation or in compliance with law, no person shall drive a motor vehicle at such a slow speed as to impede the normal and reasonable movement of traffic.

(b) Slow moving vehicle to drive off roadway.--

(1) Except when reduced speed is necessary for safe operation or in compliance with law, whenever any person drives a vehicle upon a roadway having width for not more than one lane of traffic in each direction at less than the maximum posted speed and at such a slow speed as to impede the normal and reasonable movement of traffic, the driver shall, at the first opportunity when and where it is reasonable and safe to do so and after giving appropriate signal, drive completely off the roadway and onto the berm or shoulder of the highway. The driver may return to the roadway after giving appropriate signal only when the movement can be made in safety and so as not to impede the normal and reasonable movement of traffic.

(2) A pedalcycle may be operated at a safe and reasonable speed appropriate for the pedalcycle. A pedalcycle operator shall use reasonable efforts so as not to impede the normal and reasonable movement of traffic.

(c) Establishment of minimum speed limits.--At any other time when the department or local authorities under their respective jurisdictions determine on the basis of an engineering and traffic investigation that slow speeds on any highway or part of a highway impede the normal and reasonable movement of traffic, the department or such local authority may determine and declare a minimum speed limit below which no person shall drive a vehicle except when necessary for safe operation or in compliance with law. The minimum limit shall be effective when posted upon appropriate fixed or variable signs. (Feb. 2, 2012, P.L.27, No.3, eff. 60 days) 2012 Amendment. Act 3 amended subsec. (b). Cross References. Section 3364 is referred to in sections 4305, 6109 of this title.
75 Pa.C.S. § 3344 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 33 / Section 3344
Emerging from alley, driveway or building.
Status: in_force

Unless otherwise directed by official traffic-control devices erected in accordance with provisions of Subchapter B of Chapter 31 (relating to traffic-control devices), the driver of a vehicle emerging from an alley, building, private road or driveway within an urban district shall stop the vehicle immediately prior to driving onto a sidewalk or onto the sidewalk area extending across the alley, building entrance, private road or driveway or, in the event there is no sidewalk area, shall stop at the point nearest the street to be entered where the driver has a view of approaching traffic. Cross References. Section 3344 is referred to in section 1535 of this title.
75 Pa.C.S. § 4948 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 49 / Section 4948
Maximum weight and seating capacity of buses.
Status: in_force

(a) Gross, axle and wheel weights.--No bus shall be operated upon any highway with a gross weight in excess of 73,280 pounds, or with a weight on any axle in excess of the lesser of the manufacturer's rated axle capacity or 22,400 pounds on any single axle. Buses operated upon interstate highways shall not have a weight on any axle in excess of 20,000 pounds. No bus shall be operated on a highway with a weight upon any wheel in excess of 800 pounds on any one wheel for each nominal inch of width of tire on the wheel.

(b) Seating capacity load.--A bus shall not be operated on a highway with a load exceeding by more than 25% its registered seating capacity except when operated within a business or residence district. A child under the age of six years shall not be counted when computing the load on the bus.

(c) Penalties.--Any person owning or operating a bus with a gross weight or with weight on any axle or wheel exceeding by more than 5% the maximum allowed in subsection (a) is guilty of a summary offense and shall, upon conviction, be sentenced to pay a fine of $100. If the excess weight is more than 10% above the maximum weight allowed, the fine shall be $300. Any person in violation of subsection (b) is guilty of a summary offense and shall, upon conviction, be sentenced to pay a fine of not less than $50 nor more than $100. (June 6, 1979, P.L.39, No.12, eff. imd.; Oct. 10, 1980, P.L.791, No.147, eff. imd.) 1980 Amendment. Act 147 amended subsec. (a).
75 Pa.C.S. § 1915 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 19 / Section 1915
Motor-driven cycles.
Status: in_force

The annual fee for registration of a motor-driven cycle shall be $9. (Apr. 17, 1997, P.L.6, No.3, eff. July 1, 1997) 1997 Amendment. See section 20 of Act 3 in the appendix to this title for special provisions relating to additional revenue from fee increases. Cross References. Section 1915 is referred to in section 9511.11 of this title.
75 Pa.C.S. § 1165.2 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 11 / Section 1165.2
Specialized Vehicle Compliance Inspection Advisory Panel (Expired).
Status: reserved

2007 Expiration. Section 1165.2 expired January 1, 2007. See Act 228 of 2004.
75 Pa.C.S. § 3755 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 37 / Section 3755
Reports by emergency room personnel.
Status: in_force

(a) General rule.--If, as a result of a motor vehicle accident, the person who drove, operated or was in actual physical control of the movement of any involved motor vehicle requires medical treatment in an emergency room of a hospital and if probable cause exists to believe a violation of section 3802 (relating to driving under influence of alcohol or controlled substance) was involved, the emergency room physician or his designee shall promptly take blood samples from those persons and transmit them within 24 hours for testing to the Department of Health or a clinical laboratory licensed and approved by the Department of Health and specifically designated for this purpose. This section shall be applicable to all injured occupants who were capable of motor vehicle operation if the operator or person in actual physical control of the movement of the motor vehicle cannot be determined. Test results shall be released upon request of the person tested, his attorney, his physician or governmental officials or agencies.

(b) Immunity from civil or criminal liability.--No physician, nurse or technician or hospital employing such physician, nurse or technician and no other employer of such

physician, nurse or technician shall be civilly or criminally liable for withdrawing blood or obtaining a urine sample and reporting test results to the police pursuant to this section or for performing any other duty imposed by this section. No physician, nurse or technician or hospital employing such physician, nurse or technician may administratively refuse to perform such tests and provide the results to the police officer except as may be reasonably expected from unusual circumstances that pertain at the time of admission. (Dec. 15, 1982, P.L.1268, No.289, eff. 30 days; Feb. 12, 1984, P.L.53, No.12, eff. 60 days; Sept. 30, 2003, P.L.120, No.24, eff. Feb. 1, 2004) 2025 Unconstitutionality. Section 3755 was declared unconstitutional on June 17, 2025, by the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania in Commonwealth v. Hunte, 337 A.3d 483 (Pa. 2025). 2003 Amendment. Act 24 amended subsec. (a). 1984 Amendment. Act 12 amended subsec. (b). 1982 Amendment. Act 289 added section 3755.
75 Pa.C.S. § 1310 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 13 / Section 1310
Temporary registration cards.
Status: in_force

§ 1310.1. Temporary registration permits. § 1311. Registration card to be signed and exhibited on demand. § 1312. Notice of change of name or address. § 1313. Duplicate registration cards. § 1314. Transfer of registration. § 1315. Operation of vehicle following death of owner. § 1316. Department records. § 1317. Acknowledgment of littering provisions. § 1318. Duties of agents. § 1319. Duties of motor carrier vehicle owners. § 1320. Contributions to Veterans' Trust Fund. § 1321. Contributions for pediatric cancer research. § 1322. Contributions to Keystone Tree Restricted Account. § 1323. Contributions for breast cancer research. § 1324. Contributions for the prevention of child abuse and neglect.
75 Pa.C.S. § 9511.7 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 95 / Section 9511.7
Exemption from Commonwealth taxation.
Status: in_force

The effectuation of the purposes of this chapter is for the benefit of the citizens of this Commonwealth and for the improvement of their commerce and prosperity. Since the commission will be performing essential government functions in effectuating these purposes, the commission shall not be required to pay any tax or assessment on any property acquired or used by it for the purposes provided under this chapter. A bond, note or other obligation issued by the commission, its transfer and the income from its issuance and transfer, including any profits made on the sale of the bond, note or other obligation, shall be free from taxation within the Commonwealth. (July 18, 2007, P.L.169, No.44, eff. imd.) 2007 Amendment. Act 44 added section 9511.7.
75 Pa.C.S. § 1752 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 17 / Section 1752
Eligible claimants.
Status: in_force

(a) General rule.--A person is eligible to recover benefits from the Assigned Claims Plan if the person meets the following requirements:

(1) Is a resident of this Commonwealth.

(2) Is injured as the result of a motor vehicle accident occurring in this Commonwealth.

(3) Is not an owner of a motor vehicle required to be registered under Chapter 13 (relating to registration of vehicles).

(4) Is not the operator or occupant of a motor vehicle owned by the Federal Government or any of its agencies, departments or authorities.

(5) Is not the operator or occupant of a motor vehicle owned by a self-insurer or by an individual or entity who or which is immune from liability for, or is not required to provide, benefits or uninsured and underinsured motorist coverage.

(6) Is otherwise not entitled to receive any first party benefits under section 1711 (relating to required benefits) or 1712 (relating to availability of benefits) applicable to the injury arising from the accident.

(7) Is not the operator or occupant of a recreational vehicle not intended for highway use, motorcycle, motor-driven cycle or motorized pedalcycle or other like type vehicle required to be registered under this title and involved in the accident.

(b) Grounds for ineligibility.--A person otherwise qualifying as an eligible claimant under subsection (a) shall nevertheless be ineligible to recover benefits from the Assigned Claims Plan if that person contributed to his own injury in any of the following ways:

(1) While intentionally injuring himself or another or attempting to intentionally injure himself or another.

(2) While committing a felony.

(3) While seeking to elude lawful apprehension or arrest by a law enforcement official.

(4) While knowingly converting a motor vehicle. (Feb. 12, 1984, P.L.53, No.12, eff. Oct. 1, 1984)
75 Pa.C.S. § 1517 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 15 / Section 1517
Medical Advisory Board.
Status: in_force

(a) Membership.--There shall be a Medical Advisory Board consisting of 13 members appointed by the secretary. The board shall be composed of an authorized representative from the Department of Transportation, Department of Justice, Governor's Council on Drug and Alcohol Abuse, Department of Health,

Pennsylvania State Police and professionals as follows: One neurologist, one doctor of cardiovascular disease, one doctor of internal medicine, one general practitioner, one ophthalmologist, one psychiatrist, one orthopedic surgeon and one optometrist.

(b) Duties.--The board may advise the department and review regulations proposed by the department concerning physical and mental criteria including vision standards relating to the licensing of drivers under the provisions of this chapter. (Dec. 21, 1998, P.L.1126, No.151, eff. imd.) 1998 Amendment. Act 151 amended subsec. (b). Governor's Council on Drug and Alcohol Abuse. The Governor's Council on Drug and Alcohol Abuse is now known as the Pennsylvania Advisory Council on Drug and Alcohol Abuse and is designated as the advisory council to the Department of Health for drug and alcohol programs. See section 3 of the act of April 14, 1972 (P.L.221, No.63), known as the Pennsylvania Drug and Alcohol Abuse Control Act. Department of Justice. The act of October 15, 1980 (P.L.950, No.164), known as the Commonwealth Attorneys Act, effective January 20, 1981, provided that the General Counsel shall serve as a member of the Medical Advisory Board and repealed section 1517(a) to the extent that the Attorney General was made a member of the Medical Advisory Board. Cross References. Section 1517 is referred to in section 1519 of this title.
75 Pa.C.S. § 7122 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 71 / Section 7122
Altered, forged or counterfeit documents and plates.
Status: in_force

A person is guilty of a misdemeanor of the first degree if the person, with fraudulent intent:

(1) alters, forges or counterfeits a certificate of title, registration card or plate, inspection certificate or proof of financial responsibility;

(2) alters or forges an assignment of a certificate of title, or an assignment or release of a security interest on a certificate of title or any other document issued or prepared for issue by the department;

(3) has possession of, sells or attempts to sell, uses or displays a certificate of title, registration card or plate, driver's license, inspection certificate proof of financial responsibility or any other document issued by the department, knowing it to have been altered, forged or counterfeited;

(4) obtains or attempts to obtain a certificate of inspection without valid proof of financial responsibility; or

(5) provides a certificate of inspection where there is no valid proof of financial responsibility. (June 30, 1990, P.L.266, No.63, eff. imd.; Dec. 21, 1998, P.L.1126, No.151, eff. imd.) 1998 Amendment. Act 151 amended pars. (1), (3), (4) and

(5). Cross References. Section 7122 is referred to in sections 1532, 1553, 4727, 6110.1 of this title.
75 Pa.C.S. § 4527 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 45 / Section 4527
Image display device.
Status: in_force

(a) General rule.--No motor vehicle shall be operated on a highway with an image display device where a broadcast television image, a live stream video image from the Internet, satellite or any other source or a prerecorded video image is visible to the driver while the vehicle is in motion.

(b) Exception.--This section shall not apply to the following:

(1) Television-type receiving equipment in a vehicle used exclusively for safety or law enforcement purposes as approved by the Pennsylvania State Police.

(2) Image display devices used in conjunction with any of the following:

(i) A vehicle information display.

(ii) A global positioning device.

(iii) A mapping display.

(iv) A visual display used to enhance or supplement the driver's view forward, behind or to the sides of a motor vehicle for the purpose of maneuvering the vehicle.

(v) A visual display used to enhance or supplement a driver's view of vehicle occupants.

(vi) A visual display used exclusively for safety or traffic engineering information.

(vii) A television receiver, video monitor, television or video screen or any other similar means of visually displaying a television broadcast or video signal, if that equipment has an interlock device that, when the motor vehicle is driven, disables the equipment from displaying a broadcast television image, live stream video image from the Internet, satellite or any other source or a prerecorded video image. (Apr. 29, 1994, P.L.148, No.25, eff. imd.; Apr. 20, 2016, P.L.151, No.19, eff. 60 days)
75 Pa.C.S. § 1350 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 13 / Section 1350
Special plates for veterans of Korean War.
Status: in_force

Upon application of any person who is a veteran of the Korean War, accompanied by a fee of $20, which shall be in addition to the annual registration fee, and by such documentation as the department shall require, the department shall issue to the person a special registration plate designating the vehicle so licensed as belonging to a person who is a veteran of the Korean War. The special registration plate may be used only on a passenger car or truck with a registered gross weight of not more than 14,000 pounds. (Nov. 24, 1992, P.L.702, No.105, eff. 60 days; Dec. 21, 1998, P.L.1126, No.151, eff. 60 days; Dec. 18, 2007, P.L.436, No.67, eff. 60 days; July 2, 2014, P.L.988, No.109, eff. 60 days) Cross References. Section 1350 is referred to in section 1333 of this title.
75 Pa.C.S. § 1713 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 17 / Section 1713
Source of benefits.
Status: in_force

(a) General rule.--Except as provided in section 1714 (relating to ineligible claimants), a person who suffers injury arising out of the maintenance or use of a motor vehicle shall recover first party benefits against applicable insurance coverage in the following order of priority:

(1) For a named insured, the policy on which he is the named insured.

(2) For an insured, the policy covering the insured.

(3) For the occupants of an insured motor vehicle, the policy on that motor vehicle.

(4) For a person who is not the occupant of a motor vehicle, the policy on any motor vehicle involved in the accident. For the purpose of this paragraph, a parked and unoccupied motor vehicle is not a motor vehicle involved in an accident unless it was parked so as to cause unreasonable risk of injury.

(b) Multiple sources of equal priority.--The insurer against whom a claim is asserted first under the priorities set forth in subsection (a) shall process and pay the claim as if wholly responsible. The insurer is thereafter entitled to recover contribution pro rata from any other insurer for the benefits paid and the costs of processing the claim. If contribution is sought among insurers responsible under subsection (a)(4), proration shall be based on the number of involved motor vehicles. (Feb. 12, 1984, P.L.53, No.12, eff. Oct. 1, 1984)
75 Pa.C.S. § 9404 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 94 / Section 9404
Violations and penalties.
Status: in_force

(a) Violations.--On and after the effective date of this chapter, it shall be made unlawful for:

(1) A person, other than a common or contract carrier, to import or cause to be imported liquid fuels or fuels into this Commonwealth unless the person possesses a valid liquid fuels or fuels permit.

(2) A common or contract carrier to knowingly transport liquid fuels or fuels into this Commonwealth on behalf of any person who does not possess a valid liquid fuels or fuels permit.

(3) A distributor to continue to engage in or to begin to engage in the use or sale and delivery of liquid fuels and fuels within this Commonwealth unless a liquid fuels permit or permits or fuels permit or permits shall have been issued to him as prescribed in Chapter 90 (relating to liquid fuels and fuels tax). Each day in which any distributor shall engage in the use or sale and delivery of liquid fuels or fuels within this Commonwealth without a liquid fuels permit or permits or fuels permit or permits, as required by law, shall constitute a separate offense.

(4) (Deleted by amendment).

(5) A distributor, dealer or any other person who is required by law to maintain and keep records to fail to maintain and keep the records required by section 9 of The Liquid Fuels Tax Act or section 9009 (relating to retention of records by distributors and dealers).

(6) A person to assign or attempt to assign a liquid fuels or fuels permit.

(7) A person to fail to display conspicuously his liquid fuels permit or fuels permit as required by Chapter 90.

(8) A person to refuse, neglect or fail to surrender a liquid fuels permit or fuels permit as required by Chapter 90.

(b) Penalties.--Any person who violates any provision of subsection (a) commits a summary offense and shall, upon conviction, be sentenced to pay a fine of:

(1) not less than $500 nor more than $2,000 or to imprisonment for not more than 90 days, or both, if the violation is of subsection (a)(1) or (2);

(2) not less than $100 nor more than $2,000 or to imprisonment for not more than 90 days, or both, if the violation is of subsection (a)(3), (4) or (5); or

(3) not less than $50 nor more than $200 if the violation is of subsection (a)(6), (7) or (8).

(c) Restraining prohibited acts.--Upon the occurrence of two or more violations of subsection (a)(3) or (4) within a 30-day period, the Department of Revenue may institute a civil action in the court of common pleas of the judicial district in which a violation occurs for injunctive relief to restrain the violation and for such other relief as the court shall deem proper. Neither the institution of such an action nor any of the proceedings therein shall relieve any party to the proceedings from other fines or penalties prescribed for the violation of this chapter or Chapter 90.

(d) Sealing of fuel pump or dispensing unit.--Upon the occurrence of a violation of subsection (a)(5), the Department of Revenue may place a security seal on the totalizer portion of the fuel pump or other dispensing device in such a manner that the totalizer cannot be removed, disconnected or adjusted once the security seal is in place. The seal may remain in place until such time as the Department of Revenue determines that adequate records are being kept and maintained. In the event a security seal is removed or broken without the permission of the Department of Revenue, the department may seek injunctive relief as provided in subsection (c). (Apr. 17, 1997, P.L.6, No.3, eff. July 1, 1997)

1997 Amendment. Act 3 amended subsecs. (a) and (c). See section 21(c) and (d) of Act 3 of 1997 in the appendix to this title for special provisions relating to liability of dealer-users and computation of "cents-per-gallon equivalent basis." References in Text. The act of May 21, 1931 (P.L.149, No.105), known as The Liquid Fuels Tax Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(5), was repealed by the act of April 17, 1997 (P.L.6, No.3). The subject matter is now contained in Chapter 90 of this title.
75 Pa.C.S. § 1368 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 13 / Section 1368
Special plates for recipients of Bronze Star for Valor.
Status: in_force

Upon application of any person who is a recipient of the Bronze Star for Valor, accompanied by a fee of $10 which shall be in addition to the annual registration fee and by such documentation as the department shall require, the department shall issue to the person a special registration plate designating the vehicle so licensed as belonging to a person who is a recipient of the Bronze Star for Valor. The special registration plate may be used only on a passenger car or truck with a registered gross weight of not more than 14,000 pounds. (July 5, 2012, P.L.960, No.103, eff. 120 days) 2012 Amendment. Act 103 added section 1368. Cross References. Section 1368 is referred to in section 1333 of this title.
75 Pa.C.S. § 1369.2 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 13 / Section 1369.2
Special "In God We Trust" plates.
Status: in_force

Upon application of any person, accompanied by a fee of $20 which shall be in addition to the annual registration fee, the department shall issue to the person a special "In God We Trust" registration plate. The special registration plate may be used only on a passenger car or truck with a registered gross weight of not more than 14,000 pounds. (July 2, 2014, P.L.988, No.109, eff. 120 days) 2014 Amendment. Act 109 added section 1369.2.
75 Pa.C.S. § 1352.1 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 13 / Section 1352.1
Appalachian Trail organization registration plates.
Status: in_force

(a) General rule.--The department, in consultation with the Appalachian Trail Conservancy, shall design a special Appalachian Trail organization registration plate. The plate, at a minimum, shall contain the image of a hiker and the Appalachian Trail Conservancy logo and distinctive coloring. The Appalachian Trail Conservancy may charge a fee for the authorization to request the registration plate. Upon request by the applicant, the department shall issue the plate for a passenger car or truck with a registered gross weight of not more than 14,000 pounds or a motor home. The fee provided under section 1931(b) (relating to personal and organization registration plates) shall apply.

(b) Proceeds.--It is the intent of the General Assembly that proceeds received by the Appalachian Trail Conservancy under this section are to be used exclusively for trail maintenance and improvement. (Mar. 19, 2014, P.L.361, No.23, eff. 120 days; July 2, 2014, P.L.988, No.109, eff. imd.) 2014 Amendments. Act 23 added section 1352.1 and Act 109 amended subsec. (a).
75 Pa.C.S. § 1928 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 19 / Section 1928
Temporary and electronically issued registration plates.
Status: in_force

The fee payable by a dealer or other dispensing agent for a temporary registration plate or for a registration plate to be issued for new registration processed electronically with the department shall be $14. The charge of the agent for providing an applicant with a plate under this section shall not exceed a total of $14.

(June 18, 1980, P.L.229, No.68, eff. 60 days; Dec. 21, 1998, P.L.1126, No.151, eff. 60 days; Nov. 25, 2013, P.L.974, No.89, eff. July 1, 2014) 2013 Amendment. See the preamble to Act 89 in the appendix to this title for special provisions relating to legislative findings and declarations.
75 Pa.C.S. § 1814 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 18 / Section 1814
Report on antifraud activities.
Status: in_force

All insurers shall annually provide to the department a summary report on actions taken under the plan to prevent and combat insurance fraud, including, but not limited to, measures taken to protect and ensure the integrity of electronic data-processing-generated data and manually compiled data, statistical data on the amount of resources committed to

combating fraud, and the amount of fraud identified and recovered during the reporting period.
75 Pa.C.S. § 8913 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 89 / Section 8913
Additional subsequent extension authorizations.
Status: in_force

Upon substantial completion of the turnpike extensions and improvements set forth in sections 8911 (relating to improvement and extension authorizations) and 8912 (relating to subsequent extension authorizations), the commission is hereby authorized and empowered to construct, operate and maintain further extensions and improvements of the turnpike at such specific

locations and according to such schedules as shall be deemed feasible and which shall be approved by the commission, subject to the waiver of the Federal toll prohibition provisions where applicable, as follows: construct from a point at or near Interstate Route 80 Interchange 23 at Milesburg southwesterly generally along U.S. Route 220 to a connection with the existing U.S. Route 220 Expressway south of Bald Eagle. Cross References. Section 8913 is referred to in sections 8914, 8915 of this title.
75 Pa.C.S. § 7803 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 78 / Section 7803
Definitions.
Status: in_force

The following words and phrases when used in this chapter shall have the meanings given to them in this section unless the context clearly indicates otherwise:

"Committee." The Motor Carrier Safety Advisory Committee created by this chapter.

"Motor carrier safety." The safe movement of an individual or goods on highways that are transported by commercial motor vehicles as defined in section 1603 (relating to definitions). (July 11, 2022, P.L.1585, No.90, eff. 60 days) 2022 Amendment. Act 90 added the def. of "motor carrier safety."
75 Pa.C.S. § 1583 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 15 / Section 1583
Compensation of compact administrator.
Status: in_force

The compact administrator provided for in Article VII of the compact shall not be entitled to any additional compensation on account of his service as such administrator but shall be entitled to expenses incurred in connection with his duties and responsibilities as such administrator, in the same manner as for expenses incurred in connection with any other duties or responsibilities of his office or employment.
75 Pa.C.S. § 1369.1 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 13 / Section 1369.1
Special plates for recipients of Combat Action Badge, Combat Infantryman Badge, Combat Action Ribbon, Combat Action Medal or Combat Medical Badge.
Status: in_force

Upon application of any person who is a recipient of the Combat Action Badge, Combat Infantryman Badge, Combat Action Ribbon, Combat Action Medal or Combat Medical Badge accompanied by a fee of $20, which shall be in addition to the annual registration fee, and by such documentation as the department shall require, the department shall issue to the person a special registration plate designating the vehicle so licensed as belonging to a person who is a recipient of the Combat Action Badge, Combat Infantryman Badge, Combat Action Ribbon, Combat Action Medal or Combat Medical Badge. The special registration plate may be used only on a passenger car or truck with a registered gross weight of not more than 14,000 pounds. (July 2, 2014, P.L.988, No.109, eff. 120 days) 2014 Amendment. Act 109 added section 1369.1. Cross References. Section 1369.1 is referred to in section 1333 of this title.
75 Pa.C.S. § 3756 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 37 / Section 3756
Post-accident testing.
Status: in_force

The department shall promulgate regulations consistent with 49 CFR 382.303 (relating to post-accident testing).

(a) Testing requirement.--(Deleted by amendment).

(b) Penalty.--(Deleted by amendment). (Dec. 23, 2002, P.L.1982, No.229, eff. 60 days; Oct. 24, 2018, P.L.925, No.153, eff. imd.)
75 Pa.C.S. § 9511.5 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 95 / Section 9511.5
Application of proceeds of obligations, lien of holders of obligations, design-build requirement and projects approved by General Assembly.
Status: in_force

(a) Application.--The following shall apply:

(1) All proceeds received from any bonds, notes or other obligations issued under this chapter shall be applied solely to the payment of:

(i) the cost of the department; and

(ii) bond-related expenses.

(2) The commission may provide by resolution that until proceeds received from any bonds, notes or other obligations issued under this chapter is applied under paragraph (1), a lien shall exist upon the proceeds in favor of holders of the bonds, notes or other obligations or a trustee provided for in respect to the bonds, notes or other obligations.

(b) Design-build arrangements.--

(1) To facilitate the timely completion of projects to be financed by the department with bond proceeds, the department may utilize design-build arrangements for each project to be financed with bond proceeds if the project value is estimated by the department to exceed $100,000,000.

(2) Notwithstanding the provisions of any other law, the department may utilize design-build arrangements for the following:

(i) projects to be financed by the department with bond proceeds for projects estimated by the department to have a value of $100,000,000 or less; and

(ii) all other construction projects of the department not included under subparagraph (i) or paragraph (1).

(3) The selection of the party for a design-build arrangement under this subsection must be conducted in a manner consistent with the procurement and public bidding laws applicable to the department.

(c) Capital projects.--All projects financed by the department with bond proceeds shall be included in any submission the department is already required to make to the General Assembly with respect to the expenditure of funds for highway projects.

(d) Investment.--Pending the application of proceeds to cost of the department and bond-related expenses, the commission may invest the funds in permitted investments as defined under any trust indenture. (July 18, 2007, P.L.169, No.44, eff. imd.)

2007 Amendment. Act 44 added section 9511.5.
75 Pa.C.S. § 8514 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 85 / Section 8514
Application.
Status: in_force

(a) Application.--An application for a PDD authorization or renewal application for a PDD authorization shall be on a form and submitted in a manner as determined by the department.

(b) Contents of application.--An application submitted to the department under subsection (a) shall include the following:

(1) Name, address and contact information of the applicant.

(2) A general operational plan that includes, but is not limited to, the following:

(i) The municipalities in which the applicant intends to operate personal delivery devices.

(ii) The anticipated highways and pedestrian areas that the applicant's personal delivery devices will be utilized to transport goods and cargo.

(iii) A description of the training procedures for PDD operators.

(iv) The manufacturer and model of personal delivery devices the applicant intends to deploy.

(v) A description of how a police officer or other emergency responder may stop or disable a PDD operated by the applicant.

(vi) A description of the cargo or goods the applicant intends to transport.

(vii) A proposed schedule for safety and maintenance inspections of PDDs.

(viii) Information regarding the operational phases in which the applicant's personal delivery devices are capable of operating.

(3) Any information or records deemed reasonably necessary to aid the department's review of the submitted application and for the administration, enforcement and ongoing compliance with this subchapter.

(4) Proof of insurance as required under section 8519 (relating to insurance and liability).

(5) An attestation that the applicant will temporarily cease or restrict the operation of PDDs due to a weather emergency or other hazardous event identified by the department or a municipality.

(6) The details of an educational campaign to be employed by the applicant to educate and bring awareness of PDDs to municipalities, motorists and the general public.

(7) Information regarding the applicant's accident procedure in the event of an accident involving injury to a person or damage to property or an accident causing damage to the personal delivery device. The procedure shall include:

(i) duties of the applicant and its PDD operators with respect to removing the PDD or accident debris from roadways, or shoulders or berms of a roadway, and pedestrian areas of the personal delivery device so as not to impede traffic or pedestrians in the event that the personal delivery device is rendered inoperable or damaged to the extent it cannot be safely operated;

(ii) the process where the applicant will exchange, if necessary, insurance information to all parties involved in the accident within 24 hours of the accident; and

(iii) the safety inspection and maintenance protocols for personal delivery devices damaged in an accident.

(8) A list of unique identification numbers assigned to each of the applicant's personal delivery devices, which shall be updated prior to an authorized entity operating a PDD not listed in the application.

(9) if the application is a renewal application, the following information:

(i) the total number of trips each personal delivery device performed within the previous 12 months; and

(ii) a list of accidents resulting in personal injury or property damage and any violations of this subchapter issued to the authorized entity for a personal delivery device operated by the authorized entity within this Commonwealth in the previous 12 months. Cross References. Section 8514 is referred to in sections 8515, 8518 of this title.
75 Pa.C.S. § 1786.1 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 17 / Section 1786.1
Online verification of financial responsibility.
Status: in_force

(a) Duty to establish verification system.--The department shall establish a system for online verification of financial responsibility as required by this chapter.

(b) System requirements.--

(1) The verification system shall transmit requests to insurers for verification of motor vehicle liability insurance via Internet website services established by the insurers consistent with specifications and standards supported and used by motor vehicle administrators in other jurisdictions of the United States. Insurance company systems shall respond to each request with a prescribed response upon evaluation of the data provided in the request.

(2) The verification system shall include appropriate provisions to secure the data against unauthorized access.

(3) The verification system shall be used for verification of motor vehicle liability insurance as prescribed by the laws of this Commonwealth and shall be accessible to authorized personnel of the department, the courts, law enforcement personnel and other entities authorized by the Commonwealth as permitted by Federal or State privacy laws.

(4) The verification system shall be capable of interfacing with existing department-owned or Commonwealth-owned electronic systems.

(5) The verification system shall enable the department to make inquiries to insurers of motor vehicle liability insurance that is consistent with recommendations, specifications and standards supported and used by motor vehicle administrators in other jurisdictions of the United States by using the following data elements for greater matching accuracy:

(i) insurer National Association of Insurance Commissioners company code;

(ii) vehicle identification number;

(iii) policy number;

(iv) verification date; or

(v) information as otherwise described in the specifications and standards of the Insurance Industry Committee on Motor Vehicle Administration.

(6) The verification system shall respond to a request for financial responsibility information within a period established by the department.

(7) The department may contract with one or more private third parties to implement this section and shall procure the services in accordance with 62 Pa.C.S. (relating to procurement).

(c) Participation required.--An insurer that issues at least 1,000 contracts of motor vehicle liability insurance in this Commonwealth shall:

(1) Provide access to motor vehicle liability insurance policy information to the department or a third party as required by this section and rules and regulations promulgated by the department.

(2) Cooperate with the department in establishing and maintaining the verification system established under subsection (a) as required by this section and rules and regulations promulgated by the department.

(3)

(i) Subject to subparagraph (ii), have the ability to respond to and confirm a request for verification of financial responsibility for at least 24 months prior to the date of the request for verification of financial responsibility.

(ii) An insurer may not be required to respond to and confirm a request for verification of financial responsibility made more than six months prior to the effective date of this subparagraph.

(d) Alternative reporting methodology.--The department may develop an alternative reporting methodology for an insurer that issues fewer than 1,000 contracts of motor vehicle liability insurance in this Commonwealth.

(e) Liability.--An insurer complying in good faith with this section or rules and regulations promulgated by the department under this section shall be immune from civil and administrative liability for noncompliance with this section.

(f) Confidential records.--Information, data or records submitted to or maintained by the verification system established under subsection (a) are not subject to access and duplication under the act of February 14, 2008 (P.L.6, No.3), known as the Right-to-Know Law.

(g) Report.--No later than two years after the effective date of this section, the department, in consultation with insurers, shall issue a report to the General Assembly. The report shall include the following:

(1) Costs incurred by the department and insurers related to the implementation of this section.

(2) The effectiveness of the verification system with reducing the number of uninsured motor vehicles.

(3) Any other information at the discretion of the department.

(h) Construction.--Nothing contained in this section shall be construed to authorize the department to suspend a registration or suspend the operating privilege of the owner or registrant of a motor vehicle, except as permitted under section 1786 (relating to required financial responsibility).

(i) Temporary regulations.--In order to facilitate the prompt implementation of this section, regulations promulgated by the department under this section during the two years following the effective date of this section shall be deemed temporary regulations, which shall expire no later than four years following the effective date of this section or upon promulgation of final regulations, whichever occurs first. The temporary regulations shall not be subject to:

(1) Sections 201, 202, 203, 204 and 205 of the act of July 31, 1968 (P.L.769, No.240), referred to as the Commonwealth Documents Law.

(2) Section 204(b) of the act of October 15, 1980 (P.L.950, No.164), known as the Commonwealth Attorneys Act.

(3) The act of June 25, 1982 (P.L.633, No.181), known as the Regulatory Review Act.

(j) Definition.--As used in this section, the term "department" means the Department of Transportation of the Commonwealth. (Feb. 11, 2026, P.L.4, No.3) 2026 Amendment. Act 3 added section 1786.1. Section 3(1) of Act 3 provided that the addition of subsecs. (a), (b)(7) and

(i) shall take effect immediately and section 3(3) of Act 3 provided that the remainder of the section shall take effect in 18 months. Cross References. Section 1786.1 is referred to in section 1786 of this title.
75 Pa.C.S. § 3322 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 33 / Section 3322
Vehicle turning left.
Status: in_force

The driver of a vehicle intending to turn left within an intersection or into an alley, private road or driveway shall yield the right-of-way to any vehicle approaching from the opposite direction which is so close as to constitute a hazard. Cross References. Section 3322 is referred to in sections 1535, 3301 of this title.
75 Pa.C.S. § 4710 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 47 / Section 4710
Vehicle Emission System Inspection Program Advisory Committee.
Status: in_force

(a) Appointment, composition, etc.--A Vehicle Emission System Inspection Program Advisory Committee shall be appointed by the Governor no later than 15 days after the effective date of this section and shall have its first meeting no later than 30 days after the effective date of this section.

(b) Members.--The committee shall consist of 16 members. Members shall serve without compensation other than reimbursement for reasonable and necessary expenses in accordance with the rules of the Executive Board and shall serve for terms fixed by the secretary. The members shall include:

(1) Three representatives of public interest or environmental groups.

(2) Six from the following groups, one each from a list of three nominees provided by each of the following: The Pennsylvania AAA Federation, Service Station Dealers and Automotive Repair Association of Pennsylvania and Delaware, Pennsylvania Automotive Association, the Automotive Service Association of Pennsylvania, Associated Petroleum Industries of Pennsylvania and Coalition for Safer, Cleaner Vehicles.

(3) The chairmen and minority chairmen of the Senate and House of Representatives Transportation Committees or their designees.

(4) The Secretary of Commerce, the Secretary of Environmental Resources and the Secretary of Transportation or their designees shall serve as ex officio, nonvoting members of the committee.

(c) Advice to department.--The advisory committee shall provide guidance, advice and recommendations to the department on the establishment and implementation of the enhanced vehicle emission inspection program. Any request for proposal for contracted services issued by the department regarding the enhanced vehicle emission inspection program shall not be subject to review by the committee.

(d) Review of regulations.--The department simultaneously shall submit for review prior to adoption final enhanced emission inspection program regulations to the advisory committee and to the Attorney General. The advisory committee and the Attorney General shall have 30 days to review and comment on regulations submitted for review, and the advisory committee shall forward its comments to the secretary, to the designated standing committees and to the Independent Regulatory Review Commission. Attorney General review of enhanced emission inspection regulations shall occur concurrently with the review of the advisory committee. Review by the Attorney General shall be limited to form and legality. If the Attorney General determines that a rule or regulation is improper in form or legality, its determination shall be transmitted to the department and not otherwise subject to the provisions of section 204(b) of the act of October 15, 1980 (P.L.950, No.164), known as the Commonwealth Attorneys Act. An enhanced emission inspection rule or regulation which has been further amended as a consequence of a comment by the advisory committee or a determination of illegality by the Attorney General shall be resubmitted simultaneously to the advisory committee and to the Attorney General. The advisory committee and the Attorney General shall have ten days to review and comment. If the Attorney General continues its objections and the department disagrees, the department may promulgate the rule or regulations with or without revision and shall publish with it a copy of the Attorney General's objections. Upon completion of review of enhanced emission inspection regulations by the advisory committee and the Attorney General, the regulations shall be submitted to the designated standing committees and the Independent Regulatory Review Commission for review consistent with the act of June 30, 1989 (P.L.73, No.19), entitled "An act reenacting and amending the act of June 25, 1982 (P.L.633, No.181), entitled, as reenacted and amended, 'An act providing for independent oversight and review of regulations, creating an Independent Regulatory Review Commission, providing for its powers and duties and making repeals,' further providing for the membership of the Independent Regulatory Review Commission and for the procedure for regulatory review; changing the termination date for the commission; and making repeals."

(e) Meetings.--The advisory committee shall meet at the call of the chairman, but not less than semiannually, to carry out its duties. The committee shall select a chairman and such other officers as it deems appropriate.

(f) Additional members.--The secretary may appoint additional members of the advisory committee on a temporary or permanent basis to advise the department on particular issues.

(g) Sunset date.--The advisory committee established under this section shall sunset on December 31, 1996. (Dec. 16, 1992, P.L.1250, No.166, eff. imd.) 1992 Amendment. Act 166 added section 4710. References in Text. The Secretary of Environmental Resources, referred to in subsec. (b), was abolished by Act 18 of 1995. The functions of the secretary were transferred to the Secretary of Conservation and Natural Resources and the Secretary of Environmental Protection. The Secretary of Commerce, referred to in subsec. (b)(4), was renamed the Secretary of Community and Economic Development by Act 58 of 1996.
75 Pa.C.S. § 3745 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 37 / Section 3745
Accidents involving damage to unattended vehicle or property.
Status: in_force

(a) General rule.--The driver of any vehicle which collides with or is involved in an accident with any vehicle or other property which is unattended resulting in any damage to the other vehicle or property shall immediately stop the vehicle at the scene of the accident or as close thereto as possible and shall then and there either locate and notify the operator or owner of the damaged vehicle or other property of his name, address, information relating to financial responsibility and the registration number of the vehicle being driven or shall attach securely in a conspicuous place in or on the damaged vehicle or other property a written notice giving his name, address, information relating to financial responsibility and the registration number of the vehicle being driven and shall without unnecessary delay notify the nearest office of a duly

authorized police department. Every stop shall be made without obstructing traffic more than is necessary.

(a.1) Highly automated vehicles.--

(1) If a vehicle under subsection (a) is a highly automated vehicle operating with an ADS engaged or without a highly automated vehicle driver on board, the requirements of this section are satisfied if the highly automated vehicle immediately stops at the scene of the accident or as close thereto as is safely possible and the certificate holder for the highly automated vehicle, a person on behalf of the certificate holder for the highly automated vehicle or the highly automated vehicle immediately contacts a duly authorized police department to report the accident and communicates the registration and financial responsibility information for the highly automated vehicle to the police department.

(2) The highly automated vehicle shall remain at the scene of the accident or as close thereto as is safely possible until the requirements of section 3744 (relating to duty to give information and render aid) are fulfilled.

(b) Penalty.--A violation of this section is a summary offense, punishable by a fine of $300 or imprisonment for not more than 90 days, or both. (Feb. 12, 1984, P.L.26, No.11, eff. Oct. 1, 1984; July 10, 1984, P.L.679, No.146, eff. 60 days; July 6, 1995, P.L.288, No.42, eff. 60 days; Nov. 3, 2022, P.L.1946, No.130, eff. 240 days) 2022 Amendment. Act 130 added subsec. (a.1). 1995 Amendment. Act 42 amended subsec. (b). Cross References. Section 3745 is referred to in sections 1535, 1611, 3745.1, 6506 of this title.
75 Pa.C.S. § 3503 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 35 / Section 3503
Responsibility of parent or guardian.
Status: in_force

The parent of any child and the guardian of any ward shall not authorize or knowingly permit the child or ward to violate any of the provisions of this title relating to the operation of pedalcycles.
75 Pa.C.S. § 8520 — PA Code / Title 75 / Chapter 85 / Section 8520
Enforcement.
Status: in_force

(a) Revocation of authorization.--Following notice and an opportunity for an administrative hearing, the department may revoke a PDD authorization where a knowing and willful violation of this subchapter occurred that resulted in death, serious bodily injury or property damage or when the authorized entity has demonstrated an inability to operate safely in accordance with this subchapter.

(b) Appeal.--An authorized entity shall have the right to appeal PDD authorization suspensions or revocations in accordance with 2 Pa.C.S. Chs. 5 Subch. A (relating to practice and procedure of Commonwealth agencies) and 7 Subch. A (relating to judicial review of Commonwealth agency action).

(c) Prohibition.--The department may not suspend or revoke the PDD authorization of an authorized entity that self-reports an accident involving the authorized entity's personal delivery devices as required by section 8513(b)(4) (relating to powers of department) where the accident was not the fault of the authorized entity or the authorized entity's PDD operator.