Ohio Rev. Code § 4511.01 — Ohio Revised Code / Title 45 / Chapter 4511 / § 4511.01
§ 4511.01. Traffic laws - operation of motor vehicles definitions
Status: in_force

September 30, 2025 House Bill 96 - 136th General Assembly As used in this chapter and in Chapter 4513. of the Revised Code: (A) "Vehicle" means every device, including a bicycle, motorized bicycle, and an electric bicycle, in, upon, or by which any person or property may be transported or drawn upon a highway. "Vehicle" does not include any motorized wheelchair, any electric personal assistive mobility device, any low-speed micromobility device, any personal delivery device as defined in section 4511.513 of the Revised Code, any device that is moved by power collected from overhead electric trolley wires or that is used exclusively upon stationary rails or tracks, or any device that is moved by human power. (B) "Motor vehicle" means every vehicle propelled or drawn by power other than muscular power or power collected from overhead electric trolley wires, except motorized bicycles, electric bicycles, road rollers, traction engines, power shovels, power cranes, and other equipment used in construction work and not designed for or employed in general highway transportation, hole-digging machinery, well-drilling machinery, ditch-digging machinery, farm machinery, and trailers designed and used exclusively to transport a boat between a place of storage and a marina, or in and around a marina, when drawn or towed on a street or highway for a distance of no more than ten miles and at a speed of twenty-five miles per hour or less. (C) "Motorcycle" means every motor vehicle, other than a tractor, having a seat or saddle for the use of the operator and designed to travel on not more than three wheels in contact with the ground, including, but not limited to, motor vehicles known as "motor-driven cycle," "motor scooter," "autocycle," "cab-enclosed motorcycle," or "motorcycle" without regard to weight or brake horsepower. (D) "Emergency vehicle" means emergency vehicles of municipal, township, or county departments or public utility corporations when identified as such as required by law, the director of public safety, or local authorities, and motor vehicles when commandeered by a police officer. (E) "Public safety vehicle" means any of the following: (1) Ambulances, including private ambulance companies under contract to a municipal corporation, township, or county, and private ambulances and nontransport vehicles bearing license plates issued under section 4503.49 of the Revised Code; (2) Motor vehicles used by public law enforcement officers or other persons sworn to enforce the criminal and traffic laws of the state; (3) Any motor vehicle when properly identified as required by the director of public safety, when used in response to fire emergency calls or to provide emergency medical service to ill or injured persons, and when operated by a duly qualified person who is a member of a volunteer rescue service or a volunteer fire department, and who is on duty pursuant to the rules or directives of that service. The state fire marshal shall be designated by the director of public safety as the certifying agency for all public safety vehicles described in division (E)(3) of this section. (4) Vehicles used by fire departments, including motor vehicles when used by volunteer fire fighters responding to emergency calls in the fire department service when identified as required by the director of public safety. Any vehicle used to transport or provide emergency medical service to an ill or injured person, when certified as a public safety vehicle, shall be considered a public safety vehicle when transporting an ill or injured person to a hospital regardless of whether such vehicle has already passed a hospital. (5) Vehicles used by the motor carrier enforcement unit for the enforcement of orders and rules of the public utilities commission as specified in section 5503.34 of the Revised Code. (F) "School bus" means every bus designed for carrying more than nine passengers that is owned by a public, private, or governmental agency or institution of learning and operated for the transportation of children to or from a school session or a school function, or owned by a private person and operated for compensation for the transportation of children to or from a school session or a school function. "School bus" does not include any of the following: (1) A bus operated by a municipally owned transportation system, a mass transit company operating exclusively within the territorial limits of a municipal corporation, or within such limits and the territorial limits of municipal corporations immediately contiguous to such municipal corporation, nor a common passenger carrier certified by the public utilities commission unless such bus is devoted exclusively to the transportation of children to and from a school session or a school function; (2) A van or bus used by a licensed child care center or type A family child care home to transport children from the child care center or type A family child care home to a school if the van or bus does not have more than fifteen children in the van or bus at any time; (3) An alternative vehicle as defined in section 4511.76 of the Revised Code. (G) "Bicycle" means a pedal-powered vehicle upon which a human operator sits, including an electric bicycle. (H) "Motorized bicycle" or "moped" means any vehicle having either two tandem wheels or one wheel in the front and two wheels in the rear, that may be pedaled, and that is equipped with a helper motor of not more than fifty cubic centimeters piston displacement that produces not more than one brake horsepower and is capable of propelling the vehicle at a speed of not greater than twenty miles per hour on a level surface. "Motorized bicycle" or "moped" does not include an electric bicycle. (I) "Commercial tractor" means every motor vehicle having motive power designed or used for drawing other vehicles and not so constructed as to carry any load thereon, or designed or used for drawing other vehicles while carrying a portion of such other vehicles, or load thereon, or both. (J) "Agricultural tractor" and "traction engine" mean every self-propelling vehicle designed or used for drawing other vehicles or wheeled machinery but having no provision for carrying loads independently of such other vehicles, and used principally for agricultural purposes. (K) "Truck" means every motor vehicle, except trailers and semitrailers, designed and used to carry property. (L) "Bus" means every motor vehicle designed for carrying more than nine passengers and used for the transportation of persons other than in a ridesharing arrangement, and every motor vehicle, automobile for hire, or funeral car, other than a taxicab or motor vehicle used in a ridesharing arrangement, designed and used for the transportation of persons for compensation. (M) "Trailer" means every vehicle designed or used for carrying persons or property wholly on its own structure and for being drawn by a motor vehicle, including any such vehicle when formed by or operated as a combination of a "semitrailer" and a vehicle of the dolly type, such as that commonly known as a "trailer dolly," a vehicle used to transport agricultural produce or agricultural production materials between a local place of storage or supply and the farm when drawn or towed on a street or highway at a speed greater than twenty-five miles per hour, and a vehicle designed and used exclusively to transport a boat between a place of storage and a marina, or in and around a marina, when drawn or towed on a street or highway for a distance of more than ten miles or at a speed of more than twenty-five miles per hour. (N) "Semitrailer" means every vehicle designed or used for carrying persons or property with another and separate motor vehicle so that in operation a part of its own weight or that of its load, or both, rests upon and is carried by another vehicle. (O) "Pole trailer" means every trailer or semitrailer attached to the towing vehicle by means of a reach, pole, or by being boomed or otherwise secured to the towing vehicle, and ordinarily used for transporting long or irregular shaped loads such as poles, pipes, or structural members capable, generally, of sustaining themselves as beams between the supporting connections. (P) "Railroad" means a carrier of persons or property operating upon rails or tracks placed principally on a private right-of-way. (Q) "Train" means one or more locomotives coupled, with or without cars, that operates on rails or tracks and to which all other traffic is required by law to yield the right-of-way at highway-rail grade crossings. (R) "Streetcar" means a car, other than a train, for transporting persons or property, operated upon rails principally within a street or highway. (S) "Trackless trolley" means every car that collects its power from overhead electric trolley wires and that is not operated upon rails or tracks. (T) "Explosives" means any chemical compound or mechanical mixture that is intended for the purpose of producing an explosion that contains any oxidizing and combustible units or other ingredients in such proportions, quantities, or packing that an ignition by fire, by friction, by concussion, by percussion, or by a detonator of any part of the compound or mixture may cause such a sudden generation of highly heated gases that the resultant gaseous pressures are capable of producing destructive effects on contiguous objects, or of destroying life or limb. Manufactured articles shall not be held to be explosives when the individual units contain explosives in such limited quantities, of such nature, or in such packing, that it is impossible to procure a simultaneous or a destructive explosion of such units, to the injury of life, limb, or property by fire, by friction, by concussion, by percussion, or by a detonator, such as fixed ammunition for small arms, firecrackers, or safety fuse matches. (U) "Flammable liquid" means any liquid that has a flash point of seventy degrees fahrenheit, or less, as determined by a tagliabue or equivalent closed cup test device. (V) "Gross weight" means the weight of a vehicle plus the weight of any load thereon. (W) "Person" means every natural person, firm, co-partnership, association, or corporation. (X) "Pedestrian" means any person on foot, in a motorized or non-motorized wheelchair, or using another equivalent device, such as skates or a skateboard. "Pedestrian" includes a personal delivery device as defined in section 4511.513 of the Revised Code unless the context clearly suggests otherwise. (Y) "Driver or operator" means every person who drives or is in actual physical control of a vehicle, trackless trolley, or streetcar. (Z) "Police officer" means every officer authorized to direct or regulate traffic, or to make arrests for violations of traffic regulations. (AA) "Local authorities" means every county, municipal, and other local board or body having authority to adopt police regulations under the constitution and laws of this state. (BB) "Street" or "highway" means a general term for denoting a public way for purposes of travel by vehicles, streetcars, trackless trolleys, and vulnerable road users, including the entire area within the right-of-way. (CC) "Controlled-access highway" means every street or highway in respect to which owners or occupants of abutting lands and other persons have no legal right of access to or from the same except at such points only and in such manner as may be determined by the public authority having jurisdiction over such street or highway. (DD) "Private road" means every way or place in private ownership used for vehicular travel by the owner and those having express or implied permission from the owner but not by other persons. (EE) "Roadway" means that portion of a highway improved, designed, or ordinarily used for vehicular travel and parking lanes, not including the berm, sidewalk, or shoulder, even if the berm, sidewalk, or shoulder is used by a person operating a bicycle or other human-powered vehicle. If a highway includes two or more separate roadways the term "roadway" means any such roadway separately but not all such roadways collectively. (FF) "Sidewalk" means that portion of a street between the curb lines, or the lateral lines of a roadway, and the adjacent property lines or easements of private property, that is paved or improved, and is intended for the use of pedestrians. (GG) "Laned highway" means a highway the roadway of which is divided into two or more clearly marked lanes for vehicular traffic. (HH) "Through highway" means every street or highway as provided in section 4511.65 of the Revised Code. (II) "State highway" means a highway under the jurisdiction of the department of transportation, outside the limits of municipal corporations, provided that the authority conferred upon the director of transportation in section 5511.01 of the Revised Code to erect state highway route markers and signs directing traffic shall not be modified by sections 4511.01 to 4511.79 and 4511.99 of the Revised Code. (JJ) "State route" means every highway that is designated with an official state route number and so marked. (KK) "Intersection" means: (1) The area embraced within the prolongation or connection of the lateral curb lines, or, if none, the lateral boundary lines of the roadways of two highways that join one another at, or approximately at, right angles, or the area within which vehicles traveling upon different highways that join at any other angle might come into conflict. The junction of an alley, driveway, or site roadway open to public travel with a public roadway or highway does not constitute an intersection, unless the public roadway or highway at the junction is controlled by a traffic control device. (2) If a highway includes two roadways separated by a median, then every crossing of each roadway of such divided highway by an intersecting highway constitutes a separate intersection if the opposing left-turn paths cross and there is sufficient interior storage for the design vehicle. As used in this division, "design vehicle" means the longest vehicle authorized under section 5577.05 of the Revised Code to operate on that roadway without a permit. (3) At a location controlled by a highway traffic signal, regardless of the distance between the separate intersections as described in division (KK)(2) of this section: (a) If a stop line, yield line, or crosswalk has not been designated on the roadway within the median between the separate intersections, the two intersections and the roadway and median constitute one intersection. (b) Where a stop line, yield line, or crosswalk is designated on the roadway on the intersection approach, the area within the crosswalk and any area beyond the designated stop line or yield line constitute part of the intersection. (c) Where a crosswalk is designated on a roadway on the departure from the intersection, the intersection includes the area that extends to the far side of the crosswalk. (LL) "Crosswalk" means: (1) That part of a roadway at an intersection included within the connections of the lateral lines of the sidewalks on opposite sides of the highway measured from the curbs, or, in the absence of curbs, from the edges of the traversable roadway, and in the absence of a sidewalk on one side of the roadway, the part of a roadway included within the extension of the lateral lines of the sidewalk at right angles to the center line; (2) Any portion of a roadway at an intersection or elsewhere, distinctly indicated for pedestrian crossing by lines or other markings on the surface, which might be supplemented by contrasting pavement texture, style, or color; (3) Notwithstanding divisions (LL)(1) and (2) of this section, "crosswalk" does not include an area where local authorities have placed signs indicating no crossing. (MM) "Safety zone" means the area or space officially set apart within a roadway for the exclusive use of pedestrians and protected or marked or indicated by adequate signs as to be plainly visible at all times. (NN) "Business district" means the territory fronting upon a street or highway, including the street or highway, between successive intersections within municipal corporations where fifty per cent or more of the frontage between such successive intersections is occupied by buildings in use for business, or within or outside municipal corporations where fifty per cent or more of the frontage for a distance of three hundred feet or more is occupied by buildings in use for business, and the character of such territory is indicated by official traffic control devices. (OO) "Residence district" means the territory, not comprising a business district, fronting on a street or highway, including the street or highway, where, for a distance of three hundred feet or more, the frontage is improved with residences or residences and buildings in use for business. (PP) "Urban district" means the territory contiguous to and including any street or highway which is built up with structures devoted to business, industry, or dwelling houses situated at intervals of less than one hundred feet for a distance of a quarter of a mile or more, and the character of such territory is indicated by official traffic control devices. (QQ) "Traffic control device" means a flagger, sign, signal, marking, channelization device, or other device that uses colors, shapes, symbols, words, sounds, or tactile information for the primary purpose of communicating a regulatory, warning, or guidance message to road users on a street, highway, site roadway open to public travel, pedestrian facility, bikeway, or pathway. (RR) "Traffic control signal" means a highway traffic signal placed at an intersection, movable bridge, fire station, midblock crosswalk, alternating one-way sections of a single lane road, private driveway, or other location that requires conflicting traffic to be directed to stop and permitted to proceed in an orderly manner. "Traffic control signal" includes a vehicular signal indication, a pedestrian signal indication, and a bicycle symbol signal indication. "Traffic control signal" does not include an emergency-vehicle hybrid beacon or a pedestrian hybrid beacon. (SS) "Railroad sign or signal" means any sign, signal, or device erected by authority of a public body or official or by a railroad and intended to give notice of the presence of railroad tracks or the approach of a train. (TT) "Traffic" means pedestrians, ridden or herded animals, vehicles, streetcars, trackless trolleys, and other devices, either singly or together, while using for purposes of travel any highway or site roadway open to public travel. (UU) "Right-of-way" means either of the following, as the context requires: (1) The right of a vehicle, streetcar, trackless trolley, or pedestrian to proceed uninterruptedly in a lawful manner in the direction in which it or the individual is moving in preference to another vehicle, streetcar, trackless trolley, or pedestrian approaching from a different direction into its or the individual's path; (2) A general term denoting land, property, or the interest therein, usually in the configuration of a strip, acquired for or devoted to transportation purposes. When used in this context, right-of-way includes the roadway, shoulders or berm, ditch, and slopes extending to the right-of-way limits under the control of the state or local authority. (VV) "Rural mail delivery vehicle" means every vehicle used to deliver United States mail on a rural mail delivery route. (WW) "Funeral escort vehicle" means any motor vehicle, including a funeral hearse, while used to facilitate the movement of a funeral procession. (XX) "Alley" means a street or highway intended to provide access to the rear or side of lots or buildings in urban districts and not intended for the purpose of through vehicular traffic, and includes any street or highway that has been declared an "alley" by the legislative authority of the municipal corporation in which such street or highway is located. (YY) "Freeway" means a divided multi-lane highway for through traffic with all crossroads separated in grade and with full control of access. (ZZ) "Expressway" means a divided arterial street or highway for through traffic with full or partial control of access with an excess of fifty per cent of all crossroads separated in grade. (AAA) "Thruway" means a through highway whose entire roadway is reserved for through traffic and on which roadway parking is prohibited. (BBB) "Stop intersection" means any intersection at one or more entrances of which stop signs are erected. (CCC) "Arterial street or highway" means a street or highway primarily used by through traffic, usually on a continuous route or a street or highway designated as part of an arterial system. (DDD) "Ridesharing arrangement" means the transportation of persons in a motor vehicle where such transportation is incidental to another purpose of a volunteer driver and includes ridesharing arrangements known as carpools, vanpools, and buspools. (EEE) "Motorized wheelchair" means any self-propelled vehicle designed for, and used by, a person with a disability and that is incapable of a speed in excess of eight miles per hour. (FFF) "Child care center" and "type A family child care home" have the same meanings as in section 5104.01 of the Revised Code. (GGG) "Multi-wheel agricultural tractor" means a type of agricultural tractor that has two or more wheels or tires on each side of one axle at the rear of the tractor, is designed or used for drawing other vehicles or wheeled machinery, has no provision for carrying loads independently of the drawn vehicles or machinery, and is used principally for agricultural purposes. (HHH) "Operate" means to cause or have caused movement of a vehicle, streetcar, or trackless trolley. (III) "Predicate motor vehicle or traffic offense" means any of the following: (1) A violation of section 4511.03 , 4511.051 , 4511.12 , 4511.132 , 4511.16 , 4511.20 , 4511.201 , 4511.21 , 4511.211 , 4511.213 , 4511.22 , 4511.23 , 4511.25 , 4511.26 , 4511.27 , 4511.28 , 4511.29 , 4511.30 , 4511.31 , 4511.32 , 4511.33 , 4511.34 , 4511.35 , 4511.36 , 4511.37 , 4511.38 , 4511.39 , 4511.40 , 4511.41 , 4511.42 , 4511.43 , 4511.431 , 4511.432 , 4511.44 , 4511.441 , 4511.451 , 4511.452 , 4511.46 , 4511.47 , 4511.48 , 4511.481 , 4511.49 , 4511.50 , 4511.511 , 4511.522 , 4511.53 , 4511.54 , 4511.55 , 4511.56 , 4511.57 , 4511.58 , 4511.59 , 4511.60 , 4511.61 , 4511.64 , 4511.66 , 4511.661 , 4511.68 , 4511.70 , 4511.701 , 4511.71 , 4511.711 , 4511.712 , 4511.713 , 4511.72 , 4511.73 , 4511.763 , 4511.771 , 4511.78 , or 4511.84 of the Revised Code; (2) A violation of division (A)(2) of section 4511.17 , divisions (A) to (D) of section 4511.51 , or division (A) of section 4511.74 of the Revised Code; (3) A violation of any provision of sections 4511.01 to 4511.76 of the Revised Code for which no penalty otherwise is provided in the section that contains the provision violated; (4) A violation of section 4511.214 of the Revised Code; (5) A violation of a municipal ordinance that is substantially similar to any section or provision set forth or described in division (III)(1), (2), (3), or (4) of this section. (JJJ) "Road service vehicle" means wreckers, utility repair vehicles, and state, county, and municipal service vehicles equipped with visual signals by means of flashing, rotating, or oscillating lights. (KKK) "Beacon" means a highway traffic signal with one or more signal sections that operate in a flashing mode. (LLL) "Hybrid beacon" means a special type of beacon that is intentionally placed in a dark mode where no indications are displayed between periods of operation and, when operated, displays both steady and flashing highway traffic signal indications. "Hybrid beacon" includes both of the following: (1) An emergency-vehicle hybrid beacon used to warn and control traffic at an otherwise unsignalized location to assist authorized emergency vehicles in entering or crossing a street or highway; (2) A pedestrian hybrid beacon used to warn and control traffic at an otherwise unsignalized location to assist pedestrians in crossing a street or highway at a marked crosswalk. (MMM) "Highway traffic signal" means a power-operated traffic control device by which traffic is warned or directed to take some specific action. "Highway traffic signal" includes a beacon, an in-road warning light, a lane-use control signal, and a traffic control signal. "Highway traffic signal" does not include a power-operated sign, steadily illuminated pavement marker, gate, flashing light signal, warning light, or steady burning electric lamp. (NNN) "Median" means the portion of a highway separating opposing directions of the traveled way or the area between two roadways of a divided highway, measured from edge of traveled way to edge of traveled way. The median excludes turn lanes. The width of a median may be different between intersections, interchanges, and at opposite approaches of the same intersection. (OOO) "Site roadway open to public travel" means a roadway or bikeway on site of a shopping center, office park, airport, school, university, sports arena, recreational park, or other similar business, government, or recreation facility that is publicly or privately owned but where the public is allowed to travel without full-time access restrictions. "Site roadway open to public travel" does not include a roadway where access is restricted at all times by gates or guards to residents, employees, or other specifically authorized persons, a parking area, a driving aisle within a parking area, or a private highway-rail grade crossing. (PPP) "Shared-use path" means a bikeway outside the traveled way and physically separated from motorized vehicular traffic by an open space or barrier and either within the highway right-of-way or within an independent alignment. A shared-use path also may be used by pedestrians, including skaters, joggers, users of manual and motorized wheelchairs, and other authorized motorized and non-motorized users. A shared-use path does not include any trail that is intended to be used primarily for mountain biking, hiking, equestrian use, or other similar uses, or any other single track or natural surface trail that has historically been reserved for nonmotorized use. (QQQ) "Highway maintenance vehicle" means a vehicle used in snow and ice removal or road surface maintenance, including a snow plow, traffic line striper, road sweeper, mowing machine, asphalt distributing vehicle, or other such vehicle designed for use in specific highway maintenance activities. (RRR) "Waste collection vehicle" means a vehicle used in the collection of garbage, refuse, trash, or recyclable materials. (SSS) "Electric bicycle" means a "class 1 electric bicycle," a "class 2 electric bicycle," or a "class 3 electric bicycle" as defined in this section. (TTT) "Class 1 electric bicycle" means a bicycle that is equipped with fully operable pedals and an electric motor of less than seven hundred fifty watts that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling and ceases to provide assistance when the bicycle reaches the speed of twenty miles per hour. (UUU) "Class 2 electric bicycle" means a bicycle that is equipped with fully operable pedals and an electric motor of less than seven hundred fifty watts that may provide assistance regardless of whether the rider is pedaling and is not capable of providing assistance when the bicycle reaches the speed of twenty miles per hour. (VVV) "Class 3 electric bicycle" means a bicycle that is equipped with fully operable pedals and an electric motor of less than seven hundred fifty watts that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling and ceases to provide assistance when the bicycle reaches the speed of twenty-eight miles per hour. (WWW) "Low-speed micromobility device" means a device weighing less than one hundred pounds that has handlebars, is propelled by an electric motor or human power, and has an attainable speed on a paved level surface of not more than twenty miles per hour when propelled by the electric motor. (XXX) "Natural resources officer" means an officer appointed pursuant to section 1501.24 of the Revised Code. (YYY) "Wildlife officer" means an officer designated pursuant to section 1531.13 of the Revised Code. (ZZZ) "In-road warning light" means a special type of highway traffic signal that is installed in the roadway surface to warn road users that they are approaching a condition on or adjacent to the roadway that might not be readily apparent and might require the road users to reduce speed or come to a complete stop. (AAAA) "Lane-use control signal" means a signal face or comparable display on a full-matrix changeable message sign that displays indications to permit or prohibit the use of specific lanes of a roadway or a shoulder where driving is sometimes authorized or to indicate the impending prohibition of such use. (BBBB) "Bicycle box" means a designated area on the approach to a signalized intersection, between an advance motorist stop line and the crosswalk or intersection, that is intended to provide bicyclists a visible location to wait in front of stopped motorists during the red signal phase. (CCCC) "Two-stage bicycle turn box" means a designated area at an intersection that is intended to provide bicyclists a place to wait for traffic to clear before proceeding in a different direction of travel. (DDDD) "Bicycle lane" means a portion of a roadway that has been designated for preferential or exclusive use by bicyclists and is often delineated from the adjacent general-purpose lanes by longitudinal pavement markings and either a bicycle lane symbol, words, or signs. "Bicycle lane" includes all of the following: (1) A buffer-separated bicycle lane, which is separated from the adjacent general-purpose lanes by a pattern of standard longitudinal pavement markings that are wider than a normal or wide-lane pavement marking; (2) A counter-flow bicycle lane, which is a one-directional bicycle lane that provides a lawful path of travel for bicycles in the opposite direction from the general traffic on a roadway that otherwise requires the general traffic to travel in only one direction. A counter-flow bicycle lane is designated by the traffic control devices used for other bicycle lanes; (3) A separated bicycle lane, which is an exclusive facility for bicyclists that is located within or directly adjacent to the roadway and is physically separated from the motor vehicle traffic with a vertical element. (EEEE) "Bicycle signal face" means a signal face that displays only bicycle symbol signal indications in accordance with section 4511.15 of the Revised Code, that exclusively controls a bicyclist's movement from a designated bicycle lane or from a separate facility, and that displays signal indications that are applicable only to a bicyclist's movement. (FFFF) "Bicycle signal sign" means a sign meant to inform road users that the signal indications in the bicycle signal face are intended only for bicyclists, and to inform bicyclists which bicyclist movements are controlled by that bicycle signal face. (GGGG) "Bikeway" means any road, street, path, or way that in some manner is specifically designated for bicycle travel, regardless of whether the facility is designated for the exclusive use of bicycles or if it is shared with other modes of transportation. (HHHH) "Busway" means a traveled way that is used exclusively by buses. (IIII) "Driveway" means an access from a roadway to a building, site, or abutting property. (JJJJ) "Roundabout" means a circular intersection with a yield control at each entry, which permits a vehicle on the circulatory roadway to proceed, with deflection of the approaching vehicles counter-clockwise around a central island. (KKKK) "Shoulder" means a longitudinal area contiguous with the traveled way that is used for accommodating vehicles that are stopped for an emergency and for lateral support of base and surface courses; graded for emergency stopping; either paved or unpaved; and when paved, may be open for part-time travel by some or all vehicles or may also be available for use by pedestrians or bicycles in the absence of other pedestrian or bicycle facilities. (LLLL) "Autocycle," "cab-enclosed motorcycle," "electronic," "farm machinery," "motor-driven cycle or motor scooter," "limited driving privileges," and "state" have the same meanings as in section 4501.01 of the Revised Code. (MMMM) "Multifunction school activity bus" means a school bus whose purposes do not include transporting children to and from home or school bus stops. Last updated July 21, 2025 at 11:29 AM
Ohio Rev. Code § 4503.065 — Ohio Revised Code / Title 45 / Chapter 4503 / § 4503.065
§ 4503.065. Qualification for reduction in assessable value
Status: in_force

March 20, 2026 House Bill 186 - 136th General Assembly (A)(1) Division (A) of this section applies to any of the following persons: (a) An individual who is permanently and totally disabled; (b) An individual who is sixty-five years of age or older; (c) An individual who is the surviving spouse of a deceased person who was permanently and totally disabled or sixty-five years of age or older and who applied and qualified for a reduction in assessable value under this section in the year of death, provided the surviving spouse is at least fifty-nine but not sixty-five or more years of age on the date the deceased spouse dies. (2) The manufactured home tax on a manufactured or mobile home that is paid pursuant to division (C) of section 4503.06 of the Revised Code and that is owned and occupied as a home by an individual whose domicile is in this state and to whom this section applies, shall be reduced for any tax year for which an application for such reduction has been approved, provided the individual did not acquire ownership from a person, other than the individual's spouse, related by consanguinity or affinity for the purpose of qualifying for the reduction. An owner includes a settlor of a revocable or irrevocable inter vivos trust holding the title to a manufactured or mobile home occupied by the settlor as of right under the trust. (a) For manufactured and mobile homes for which the tax imposed by section 4503.06 of the Revised Code is computed under division (D)(2) of that section, the reduction shall equal one of the following amounts, as applicable to the person: (i) If the person received a reduction under this section for tax year 2007, the greater of the reduction for that tax year or the amount computed under division (A)(2)(b) of this section; (ii) If the person received, for any homestead, a reduction under division (A) of this section for tax year 2014 or under division (A)(1) of section 323.152 of the Revised Code for tax year 2013 or the person is the surviving spouse of such a person and the surviving spouse is at least fifty-nine years of age on the date the deceased spouse dies, the amount computed under division (A)(2)(b) of this section. (iii) If the person is not described in division (A)(2)(a)(i) or (ii) of this section and the person's total income does not exceed thirty thousand dollars, as adjusted under division (A)(2)(e) of this section, the amount computed under division (A)(2)(b) of this section. (b) The amount of the reduction under division (A)(2)(b) of this section equals the product of the following: (i) Twenty-five thousand dollars of the true value of the property in money, as adjusted under division (A)(2)(e) of this section; (ii) The assessment percentage established by the tax commissioner under division (B) of section 5715.01 of the Revised Code, not to exceed thirty-five per cent; (iii) The effective tax rate used to calculate the taxes charged against the property for the current year, where "effective tax rate" is defined as in section 323.08 of the Revised Code; (iv) The quantity equal to one minus the sum of the percentage reductions in taxes received by the property for the current tax year under sections 319.302 and 319.303 of the Revised Code and division (B) of section 323.152 of the Revised Code. (c) For manufactured and mobile homes for which the tax imposed by section 4503.06 of the Revised Code is computed under division (D)(1) of that section, the reduction shall equal one of the following amounts, as applicable to the person: (i) If the person received a reduction under this section for tax year 2007, the greater of the reduction for that tax year or the amount computed under division (A)(2)(d) of this section; (ii) If the person received, for any homestead, a reduction under division (A) of this section for tax year 2014 or under division (A)(1) of section 323.152 of the Revised Code for tax year 2013 or the person is the surviving spouse of such a person and the surviving spouse is at least fifty-nine years of age on the date the deceased spouse dies, the amount computed under division (A)(2)(d) of this section. (iii) If the person is not described in division (A)(2)(c)(i) or (ii) of this section and the person's total income does not exceed thirty thousand dollars, as adjusted under division (A)(2)(e) of this section, the amount computed under division (A)(2)(d) of this section. (d) The amount of the reduction under division (A)(2)(d) of this section equals the product of the following: (i) Twenty-five thousand dollars of the cost to the owner, or the market value at the time of purchase, whichever is greater, as those terms are used in division (D)(1) of section 4503.06 of the Revised Code, and as adjusted under division (A)(2)(e) of this section; (ii) The percentage from the appropriate schedule in division (D)(1)(b) of section 4503.06 of the Revised Code; (iii) The assessment percentage of forty per cent used in division (D)(1)(b) of section 4503.06 of the Revised Code; (iv) The tax rate of the taxing district in which the home has its situs. (e) The tax commissioner shall adjust the income threshold described in divisions (A)(2)(a)(iii) and (A)(2)(c)(iii) and the reduction amounts described in divisions (A)(2)(b)(i), (A)(2)(d)(i), (B)(1), (B)(2), (C)(1), and (C)(2) of this section by completing the following calculations in September of each year: (i) Determine the percentage increase in the gross domestic product deflator determined by the bureau of economic analysis of the United States department of commerce from the first day of January of the preceding calendar year to the last day of December of the preceding calendar year; (ii) Multiply that percentage increase by the total income threshold or reduction amount for the ensuing tax year, as applicable; (iii) Add the resulting product to the total income threshold or reduction amount, as applicable for the ensuing tax year; (iv) Round the resulting sum to the nearest multiple of one hundred dollars. The commissioner shall certify the amount resulting from each adjustment to each county auditor not later than the first day of December each year. The certified amount applies to the second ensuing tax year. The commissioner shall not make the applicable adjustment in any calendar year in which the amount resulting from the adjustment would be less than the total income threshold or the reduction amount for the ensuing tax year. (B)(1) The manufactured home tax levied pursuant to division (C) of section 4503.06 of the Revised Code on a manufactured or mobile home that is owned and occupied by a disabled veteran shall be reduced for any tax year for which an application for such reduction has been approved, provided the disabled veteran did not acquire ownership from a person, other than the disabled veteran's spouse, related by consanguinity or affinity for the purpose of qualifying for the reduction. An owner includes an owner within the meaning of division (A)(2) of this section. (a) For manufactured and mobile homes for which the tax imposed by section 4503.06 of the Revised Code is computed under division (D)(2) of that section, the reduction shall equal the product obtained by multiplying fifty thousand dollars of the true value of the property in money, as adjusted under division (A)(2)(e) of this section, by the amounts described in divisions (A)(2)(b)(ii) to (iv) of this section. (b) For manufactured and mobile homes for which the tax imposed by section 4503.06 of the Revised Code is computed under division (D)(1) of that section, the reduction shall equal the product obtained by multiplying fifty thousand dollars of the cost to the owner, or the market value at the time of purchase, whichever is greater, as those terms are used in division (D)(1) of section 4503.06 of the Revised Code, as adjusted under division (A)(2)(e) of this section, by the amounts described in divisions (A)(2)(d)(ii) to (iv) of this section. The reduction is in lieu of any reduction under section 4503.0610 of the Revised Code or division (A), (B)(2), or (C) of this section. The reduction applies to only one manufactured or mobile home owned and occupied by a disabled veteran. (2) The manufactured home tax levied pursuant to division (C) of section 4503.06 of the Revised Code on a manufactured or mobile home that is owned and occupied by the surviving spouse of a disabled veteran shall be reduced for each tax year for which an application for such reduction has been approved. The reduction shall equal the amount of the reduction authorized under division (B)(1)(a) or (b) of this section, as applicable. An owner includes an owner within the meaning of division (A)(2) of this section. The reduction is in lieu of any reduction under section 4503.0610 of the Revised Code or division (A), (B)(1), or (C) of this section. The reduction applies to only one manufactured or mobile home owned and occupied by the surviving spouse of a disabled veteran. A manufactured or mobile home qualifies for a reduction in taxes under division (B)(2) of this section beginning in one of the following tax years: (a) For a surviving spouse described in division (H)(1) of section 4503.064 of the Revised Code, the year the disabled veteran dies; (b) For a surviving spouse described in division (H)(2) of section 4503.064 of the Revised Code, the first year on the first day of January of which the total disability rating described in division (F) of section 323.151 of the Revised Code has been received for the deceased spouse. In either case, the reduction shall continue through the tax year in which the surviving spouse dies or remarries. (C) The manufactured home tax levied pursuant to division (C) of section 4503.06 of the Revised Code on a manufactured or mobile home that is owned and occupied by the surviving spouse of a public service officer killed in the line of duty shall be reduced for any tax year for which an application for such reduction has been approved, provided the surviving spouse did not acquire ownership from a person, other than the surviving spouse's deceased public service officer spouse, related by consanguinity or affinity for the purpose of qualifying for the reduction. An owner includes an owner within the meaning of division (A)(2) of this section. (1) For manufactured and mobile homes for which the tax imposed by section 4503.06 of the Revised Code is computed under division (D)(2) of that section, the reduction shall equal the product obtained by multiplying fifty thousand dollars of the true value of the property in money, as adjusted under division (A)(2)(e) of this section, by the amounts described in divisions (A)(2)(b)(ii) to (iv) of this section. (2) For manufactured and mobile homes for which the tax imposed by section 4503.06 of the Revised Code is computed under division (D)(1) of that section, the reduction shall equal the product obtained by multiplying fifty thousand dollars of the cost to the owner, or the market value at the time of purchase, whichever is greater, as those terms are used in division (D)(1) of section 4503.06 of the Revised Code, as adjusted under division (A)(2)(e) of this section, by the amounts described in divisions (A)(2)(d)(ii) to (iv) of this section. The reduction is in lieu of any reduction under section 4503.0610 of the Revised Code or division (A) or (B) of this section. The reduction applies to only one manufactured or mobile home owned and occupied by such a surviving spouse. A manufactured or mobile home qualifies for a reduction in taxes under this division for the tax year in which the public service officer dies through the tax year in which the surviving spouse dies or remarries. (D) If the owner or the spouse of the owner of a manufactured or mobile home is eligible for a homestead exemption on the land upon which the home is located, the reduction to which the owner or spouse is entitled under this section shall not exceed the difference between the reduction to which the owner or spouse is entitled under division (A), (B), or (C) of this section and the amount of the reduction under the homestead exemption. (E) No reduction shall be made with respect to the home of any person convicted of violating division (C) or (D) of section 4503.066 of the Revised Code for a period of three years following the conviction. Last updated January 14, 2026 at 12:38 PM
Ohio Rev. Code § 4585.08 — Ohio Revised Code / Title 45 / Chapter 4585 / § 4585.08
§ 4585.08. Damages
Status: in_force

January 9, 1961 House Bill 1 - 104th General Assembly If an action is commenced under sections 4585.01 to 4585.14 , inclusive, of the Revised Code, without reasonable or probable cause, the person commencing it shall be liable to make compensation to the defendant for all damage sustained by him by reason thereof. If the defendant appears, defends, and is damaged, he shall set forth in his answer, or in a written statement if the cause is before a judge of a county court, that such an action was commenced without reasonable or probable cause to his damage. If on the trial it is found that such action was begun without reasonable or probable cause, the damage sustained by the defendant shall be assessed, judgment rendered therefor, and execution issued as in other cases.
Ohio Rev. Code § 4511.105 — Ohio Revised Code / Title 45 / Chapter 4511 / § 4511.105
§ 4511.105. Tourist-oriented directional signs to conform to federal manual of uniform traffic control devices
Status: in_force

April 20, 2012 House Bill 349 - 129th General Assembly Tourist-oriented directional signs shall conform to the specifications contained in the manual of uniform traffic control devices. If more than one eligible attraction requires a sign at the same location, multiple signs may be combined on the same panel in accordance with the manual of uniform traffic control devices. Advance signing may be installed in those situations where sight distance, intersection vehicle maneuvers, or other vehicle operating characteristics require advance notice of an eligible attraction in order to reduce vehicle conflicts and improve highway safety. The design, arrangement, size, and location of tourist-oriented directional signs, including advance signs and trailblazer markers, authorized under sections 4511.102 to 4511.105 of the Revised Code shall conform to the applicable specifications contained in the manual of uniform traffic control devices.
Ohio Rev. Code § 4507.11 — Ohio Revised Code / Title 45 / Chapter 4507 / § 4507.11
§ 4507.11. Examination for temporary permit, license or endorsement - examiner's driving permit
Status: in_force

April 4, 2023 Senate Bill 288 - 134th General Assembly (A)(1) Except as provided in section 4507.112 of the Revised Code, the registrar of motor vehicles shall conduct all necessary examinations of applicants for temporary instruction permits, drivers' licenses, motorcycle operators' endorsements, or motor-driven cycle or motor scooter endorsements. The examination shall include a test of the applicant's knowledge of motor vehicle laws, including the laws governing stopping for school buses and use of an electronic wireless communications device while operating a motor vehicle, a test of the applicant's physical fitness to drive, and a test of the applicant's ability to understand highway traffic control devices. The registrar may conduct the examination in such a manner that applicants who are illiterate or limited in their knowledge of the English language are tested by methods that would indicate to the examining officer that the applicant has a reasonable knowledge of motor vehicle laws and understands highway traffic control devices. (2) An applicant for a driver's license shall give an actual demonstration of the ability to exercise ordinary and reasonable control in the operation of a motor vehicle by driving a motor vehicle under the supervision of an examining officer; however, no applicant for a driver's license shall use a low-speed or under-speed vehicle or a mini-truck for the purpose of demonstrating ability to exercise ordinary and reasonable control over a vehicle. The demonstration shall consist of a maneuverability test and a road test. The director of public safety shall determine the formats of the tests. (3) Except as provided in division (B) of this section, an applicant for a motorcycle operator's endorsement or a restricted license that permits only the operation of a motorcycle shall give an actual demonstration of the ability to exercise ordinary and reasonable control in the operation of a motorcycle by driving a motorcycle under the supervision of an examining officer. However, no applicant for such an endorsement or restricted license shall use a motor-driven cycle or motor scooter for the purpose of demonstrating ability to exercise ordinary and reasonable control in the operation of a motorcycle. (4) Except as provided in division (B) of this section, an applicant for a motor-driven cycle or motor scooter operator's endorsement or a restricted license that permits only the operation of a motor-driven cycle or motor scooter shall give an actual demonstration of the ability to exercise ordinary and reasonable control in the operation of a motor-driven cycle or motor scooter by driving a motor-driven cycle or motor scooter under the supervision of an examining officer. (5) Except as provided in sections 4507.112 and 4507.12 of the Revised Code, the registrar shall designate the highway patrol, any law enforcement body, or any other employee of the department of public safety to supervise and conduct examinations for temporary instruction permits, drivers' licenses, and motorcycle operators' endorsements and shall provide the necessary rules and forms to properly conduct the examinations. A deputy registrar shall forward to the registrar the records of the examinations, together with the application for a temporary instruction permit, driver's license, or motorcycle operator's endorsement. If in the opinion of the registrar the applicant is qualified to operate a motor vehicle, the registrar shall issue the permit, license, or endorsement. (6) The registrar may authorize the highway patrol, other designated law enforcement body, or other designated employee of the department of public safety to issue an examiner's driving permit to an applicant who has passed the required examination, authorizing that applicant to operate a motor vehicle while the registrar is completing an investigation relative to that applicant's qualifications to receive a temporary instruction permit, driver's license, or motorcycle operator's endorsement. The applicant shall keep the examiner's driving permit in the applicant's immediate possession while operating a motor vehicle. The examiner's driving permit is effective until final action and notification has been given by the registrar, but in no event longer than sixty days from its date of issuance. (B)(1) An applicant for a motorcycle operator's endorsement or a restricted license that permits only the operation of a motorcycle who presents to the registrar of motor vehicles or a deputy registrar a form approved by the director of public safety attesting to the applicant's successful completion within the preceding sixty days of a course of basic instruction provided by the motorcycle safety and education program approved by the director pursuant to section 4508.08 of the Revised Code shall not be required to give an actual demonstration of the ability to operate a motorcycle by driving a motorcycle under the supervision of an examining officer, as described in division (A) of this section. An applicant for a motor-driven cycle or motor scooter operator's endorsement or a restricted license that permits only the operation of a motor-driven cycle or motor scooter who presents to the registrar of motor vehicles or a deputy registrar a form approved by the director of public safety attesting to the applicant's successful completion within the preceding sixty days of a course of basic instruction provided by the motorcycle safety and education program approved by the director pursuant to section 4508.08 of the Revised Code shall not be required to give an actual demonstration of the ability to operate a motor-driven cycle or motor scooter by driving a motor-driven cycle or motor scooter under the supervision of an examining officer, as described in division (A) of this section. Upon presentation of the form described in division (B)(1) of this section and compliance with all other requirements relating to the issuance of a motorcycle operator's endorsement or a restricted license that permits only the operation of a motorcycle, the registrar or deputy registrar shall issue to the applicant the endorsement or restricted license, as the case may be. (2) A person who has not attained eighteen years of age and presents an application for a motorcycle operator's endorsement or a restricted license under division (B)(1) of this section also shall comply with the requirements of section 4507.21 of the Revised Code. (C) A person who holds a valid motorcycle endorsement or restricted license that permits only the operation of a motorcycle may operate a motor-driven cycle or motor scooter with that endorsement or restricted license. Last updated March 8, 2023 at 12:14 PM
Ohio Rev. Code § 4511.11 — Ohio Revised Code / Title 45 / Chapter 4511 / § 4511.11
§ 4511.11. Local conformity to manual for uniform system of traffic control devices
Status: in_force

June 30, 2025 House Bill 54 - 136th General Assembly (A) Local authorities in their respective jurisdictions shall place and maintain traffic control devices in accordance with the department of transportation manual for a uniform system of traffic control devices, adopted under section 4511.09 of the Revised Code, upon highways under their jurisdiction as are necessary to indicate and to carry out sections 4511.01 to 4511.76 and 4511.99 of the Revised Code, local traffic ordinances, or to regulate, warn, or guide traffic. (B) The director of transportation may require to be removed any traffic control device that does not conform to the manual for a uniform system of traffic control devices on the extensions of the state highway system within municipal corporations. (C) No village shall place or maintain any highway traffic signal upon an extension of the state highway system within the village without first obtaining the permission of the director. The director may revoke the permission and may require to be removed any highway traffic signal that has been erected without the director's permission on an extension of a state highway within a village, or that, if erected under a permit granted by the director, does not conform to the state manual, or that is not operated in accordance with the terms of the permit. (D) All traffic control devices erected on any street, highway, alley, bikeway, or site roadway open to public travel shall conform to the state manual. (E) No person, firm, or corporation shall sell or offer for sale to local authorities any traffic control device that does not conform to the state manual, except by permission of the director. (F) No local authority shall purchase or manufacture any traffic control device that does not conform to the state manual, except by permission of the director. (G) Whoever violates division (E) of this section is guilty of a misdemeanor of the third degree. Last updated April 30, 2025 at 10:46 AM
Ohio Rev. Code § 4503.956 — Ohio Revised Code / Title 45 / Chapter 4503 / § 4503.956
§ 4503.956. Liberty Center local schools license plates
Status: in_force

October 22, 2020 Senate Bill 163 - 133rd General Assembly (A) The owner or lessee of any passenger car, noncommercial motor vehicle, recreational vehicle, or other vehicle of a class approved by the registrar of motor vehicles may apply to the registrar for the registration of the vehicle and issuance of "Liberty Center Local Schools" license plates. The application may be combined with a request for a special reserved license plate under section 4503.40 or 4503.42 of the Revised Code. Upon receipt of the completed application and compliance by the applicant with divisions (B) and (C) of this section, the registrar shall issue to the applicant the appropriate vehicle registration and a set of "Liberty Center Local Schools" license plates and a validation sticker, or a validation sticker alone when required by section 4503.191 of the Revised Code. In addition to the letters and numbers ordinarily inscribed on the license plates, "Liberty Center Local Schools" license plates shall display an appropriate logo and words selected by representatives of the Liberty Center local school district that are approved by the registrar. "Liberty Center Local Schools" license plates shall display county identification stickers that identify the county of registration as required under section 4503.19 of the Revised Code. (B) "Liberty Center Local Schools" license plates and a validation sticker, or validation sticker alone, shall be issued upon receipt of an application for registration of a motor vehicle under this section; payment of the regular license tax as prescribed under section 4503.04 of the Revised Code, any applicable motor vehicle license tax levied under Chapter 4504. of the Revised Code, any applicable additional fee prescribed by section 4503.40 or 4503.42 of the Revised Code, an additional administrative fee of ten dollars, and a contribution as provided in division (C)(1) of this section; and compliance with all other applicable laws relating to the registration of motor vehicles. (C)(1) For each application for registration and registration renewal notice the registrar receives under this section, the registrar shall collect a contribution of twenty-five dollars. The registrar shall deposit this contribution into the state treasury to the credit of the license plate contribution fund created in section 4501.21 of the Revised Code. (2) The registrar shall deposit the administrative fee of ten dollars, the purpose of which is to compensate the bureau of motor vehicles for additional services required in the issuing of "Liberty Center Local Schools" license plates, into the state treasury to the credit of the public safety - highway purposes fund created in section 4501.06 of the Revised Code.
Ohio Rev. Code § 4509.29 — Ohio Revised Code / Title 45 / Chapter 4509 / § 4509.29
§ 4509.29. Return of deposit
Status: in_force

January 14, 1972 Senate Bill 41 - 109th General Assembly Upon the expiration of two years from the date of any accident for which a security deposit has been made, any security remaining on deposit shall be returned to the depositor or to his personal representative if an affidavit or other evidence satisfactory to the registrar of motor vehicles has been filed: (A) That no action for damages arising out of the accident for which deposit was made, begun within two years after the date of the accident, is pending against the person on whose behalf the deposit was made; (B) That there does not exist any unpaid judgment rendered against any such person in such an action.
Ohio Rev. Code § 4503.0610 — Ohio Revised Code / Title 45 / Chapter 4503 / § 4503.0610
§ 4503.0610. Partial real property tax exemption
Status: in_force

March 20, 2026 House Bill 186 - 136th General Assembly (A) If a board of county commissioners adopts a resolution granting a partial real property tax exemption under section 323.158 of the Revised Code, it also shall adopt a resolution under this section granting a partial manufactured home tax exemption. The partial exemption shall take the form of a reduction each year in the manufactured home tax charged against each manufactured home in the county under section 4503.06 of the Revised Code, by the same percentage by which real property taxes were reduced for the preceding year in the resolution adopted under section 323.158 of the Revised Code. Upon adopting the resolution under this section, the board shall certify copies of it to the county auditor and the tax commissioner. (B) After complying with sections 319.303 , 319.304 , 4503.06 , and 4503.065 of the Revised Code, the county auditor shall reduce the remaining sum to be levied against a manufactured home by the percentage called for in the resolution adopted under division (A) of this section. The auditor shall certify the amount of tax remaining after the reduction to the county treasurer for collection as the manufactured home tax charged and payable on the manufactured home. (C) For each tax year, the county auditor shall certify to the board of county commissioners the total amount by which manufactured home taxes are reduced under this section. At the time of each semi-annual distribution of manufactured home taxes in the county, the board shall pay to the auditor one-half of that total amount. Upon receipt of the payment, the auditor shall distribute it among the various taxing districts in the county as though it had been levied and collected as manufactured home taxes. The board shall make the payment from the county general fund or from any other county revenue that may be used for that purpose. (D) If a board of county commissioners repeals a resolution adopted under section 323.158 of the Revised Code, it also shall repeal the resolution adopted under this section. Last updated January 14, 2026 at 12:39 PM
Ohio Rev. Code § 4509.15 — Ohio Revised Code / Title 45 / Chapter 4509 / § 4509.15
§ 4509.15. Form and amount of security
Status: in_force

September 16, 1963 Senate Bill 194 - 105th General Assembly The security required under section 4509.12 of the Revised Code shall be in the form of money, or bonds of the United States, or of this state, or a political subdivision of this state, at their par or face value, or a corporate surety bond of a surety licensed to do business in this state, in such amount as the registrar of motor vehicles may require, but in no case involving personal injury in an amount less than five hundred dollars, or in excess of the limits specified in section 4509.20 of the Revised Code.
Ohio Rev. Code § 4511.43 — Ohio Revised Code / Title 45 / Chapter 4511 / § 4511.43
§ 4511.43. Right-of-way rule at through highways, stop signs, yield signs
Status: in_force

October 29, 2018 House Bill 95 - 132nd General Assembly (A) Except when directed to proceed by a law enforcement officer, every driver of a vehicle or trackless trolley approaching a stop sign shall stop at a clearly marked stop line, but if none, before entering the crosswalk on the near side of the intersection, or, if none, then at the point nearest the intersecting roadway where the driver has a view of approaching traffic on the intersecting roadway before entering it. After having stopped, the driver shall yield the right-of- way to any vehicle in the intersection or approaching on another roadway so closely as to constitute an immediate hazard during the time the driver is moving across or within the intersection or junction of roadways. (B) The driver of a vehicle or trackless trolley approaching a yield sign shall slow down to a speed reasonable for the existing conditions and, if required for safety to stop, shall stop at a clearly marked stop line, but if none, before entering the crosswalk on the near side of the intersection, or, if none, then at the point nearest the intersecting roadway where the driver has a view of approaching traffic on the intersecting roadway before entering it. After slowing or stopping, the driver shall yield the right-of-way to any vehicle or trackless trolley in the intersection or approaching on another roadway so closely as to constitute an immediate hazard during the time the driver is moving across or within the intersection or junction of roadways. Whenever a driver is involved in a collision with a vehicle or trackless trolley in the intersection or junction of roadways, after driving past a yield sign without stopping, the collision shall be prima-facie evidence of the driver's failure to yield the right-of-way. (C) Except as otherwise provided in this division, whoever violates this section is guilty of a minor misdemeanor. If, within one year of the offense, the offender previously has been convicted of or pleaded guilty to one predicate motor vehicle or traffic offense, whoever violates this section is guilty of a misdemeanor of the fourth degree. If, within one year of the offense, the offender previously has been convicted of two or more predicate motor vehicle or traffic offenses, whoever violates this section is guilty of a misdemeanor of the third degree. If the offender commits the offense while distracted and the distracting activity is a contributing factor to the commission of the offense, the offender is subject to the additional fine established under section 4511.991 of the Revised Code.
Ohio Rev. Code § 4585.01 — Ohio Revised Code / Title 45 / Chapter 4585 / § 4585.01
§ 4585.01. Watercraft liens
Status: in_force

May 2, 1986 House Bill 440 - 116th General Assembly (A) Any watercraft navigating the waters within or bordering upon this state, is liable for the following: (1) All debts contracted on account of such watercraft by the master, owner, steward, consignee, or other agent for the following: (a) Materials, supplies, or labor in the building, repairing, furnishing, or equipping of the watercraft; (b) Insurance; (c) Wharfage. (2) Damages arising out of any contract for the following: (a) The transportation of goods or persons; (b) Injuries done to persons or property by the watercraft; (c) Any damage or injury done by the captain, mate, or other officer of the watercraft, or by any person under the order or sanction of any of them, to any person who is a passenger on, or employee of, the watercraft at the time of the infliction of the damage or injury. (B) The liability described in division (A) of this section is a lien on the watercraft, but the lien is subordinate to any prior security interest that is noted on the certificate of title of the watercraft, or in a security agreement associated with a manufacturer's or importer's certificate for the watercraft that is retained, in accordance with section 1548.20 of the Revised Code.
Ohio Rev. Code § 4517.02 — Ohio Revised Code / Title 45 / Chapter 4517 / § 4517.02
§ 4517.02. License required to engage in motor vehicle or manufactured home business - remanufacturers
Status: in_force

June 30, 2025 House Bill 54 - 136th General Assembly (A) Except as otherwise provided in this section, no person shall do any of the following: (1) Engage in the business of displaying or selling at retail new motor vehicles or assume to engage in that business, unless the person is licensed as a new motor vehicle dealer under sections 4517.01 to 4517.45 of the Revised Code, or is a salesperson employed by a licensed new motor vehicle dealer; (2) Engage in the business of offering for sale, displaying for sale, or selling at retail or wholesale used motor vehicles or assume to engage in that business, unless the person is licensed as a new motor vehicle dealer, used motor vehicle dealer, or motor vehicle leasing dealer under sections 4517.01 to 4517.45 of the Revised Code, is a salesperson employed by a licensed used motor vehicle dealer or licensed new motor vehicle dealer, or the person holds a construction equipment auction license issued under section 4517.17 of the Revised Code; (3) Engage in the business of regularly making available, offering to make available, or arranging for another person to use a motor vehicle, in the manner described in division (M) of section 4517.01 of the Revised Code, unless the person is licensed as a motor vehicle leasing dealer under sections 4517.01 to 4517.45 of the Revised Code; (4) Engage in the business of motor vehicle auctioning or assume to engage in that business, unless the person is licensed as a motor vehicle auction owner under sections 4517.01 to 4517.45 of the Revised Code and the person uses an auctioneer who is licensed under Chapter 4707. of the Revised Code to conduct the motor vehicle auctions or the person holds a construction equipment auction license issued under section 4517.17 of the Revised Code; (5) Engage in the business of distributing motor vehicles or assume to engage in that business, unless the person is licensed as a distributor under sections 4517.01 to 4517.45 of the Revised Code; (6) Make more than five casual sales of motor vehicles in a twelve-month period, commencing with the day of the month in which the first such sale is made, nor provide a location or space for the sale of motor vehicles at a flea market, without obtaining a license as a dealer under sections 4517.01 to 4517.45 of the Revised Code, provided that nothing in this section shall be construed to prohibit the disposition without a license of a motor vehicle originally acquired and held for purposes other than sale, rental, or lease to an employee, retiree, officer, or director of the person making the disposition, to a corporation affiliated with the person making the disposition, or to a person licensed under sections 4517.01 to 4517.45 of the Revised Code; (7) Engage in the business of auctioning both large construction or transportation equipment and also motor vehicles incident thereto, unless the person is a construction equipment auctioneer or the person is licensed as a motor vehicle auction owner and the person uses an auctioneer who is licensed under Chapter 4707. of the Revised Code to conduct the auction; (8) Engage in the business of displaying or selling at retail adaptive mobility vehicles or assume to engage in that business, unless the person is licensed as an adaptive mobility dealer under sections 4517.01 to 4517.45 of the Revised Code, or is a salesperson employed by a licensed adaptive mobility dealer, except that any licensed motor vehicle dealer may sell at retail a used adaptive mobility vehicle. (B) Nothing in this section shall be construed to require an auctioneer licensed under sections 4707.01 to 4707.19 of the Revised Code to obtain a motor vehicle auction owner's license under sections 4517.01 to 4517.45 of the Revised Code when engaged in auctioning for a licensed motor vehicle auction owner. The establishment of a construction equipment auction license by Am. Sub. H.B. 114 of the 129th general assembly shall not in any way modify, limit, or restrict in any manner the conduct of auctions by persons licensed under Chapter 4707. of the Revised Code who are acting in compliance with that chapter. (C) Sections 4517.01 to 4517.45 of the Revised Code do not apply to any of the following: (1) Persons engaging in the business of selling commercial tractors, trailers, or semitrailers incidentally to engaging primarily in business other than the selling or leasing of motor vehicles; (2) Mortgagees selling at retail only those motor vehicles that have come into their possession by a default in the terms of a mortgage contract; (3) The leasing, rental, and interchange of motor vehicles used directly in the rendition of a public utility service by regulated motor carriers. (D) When a partnership licensed under sections 4517.01 to 4517.45 of the Revised Code is dissolved by death, the surviving partners may operate under the license for a period of sixty days, and the heirs or representatives of deceased persons and receivers or trustees in bankruptcy appointed by any competent authority may operate under the license of the person succeeded in possession by that heir, representative, receiver, or trustee in bankruptcy. (E) No remanufacturer shall engage in the business of selling at retail any new motor vehicle without having written authority from the manufacturer or distributor of the vehicle to sell new motor vehicles and to perform repairs under the terms of the manufacturer's or distributor's new motor vehicle warranty, unless, at the time of the sale of the vehicle, each customer is furnished with a binding agreement ensuring that the customer has the right to have the vehicle serviced or repaired by a new motor vehicle dealer who is franchised to sell and service vehicles of the same line-make as the chassis of the remanufactured vehicle purchased by the customer and whose service or repair facility is located within either twenty miles of the remanufacturer's location and place of business or twenty miles of the customer's residence or place of business. If there is no such new motor vehicle dealer located within twenty miles of the remanufacturer's location and place of business or the customer's residence or place of business, the binding agreement furnished to the customer may be with the new motor vehicle dealer who is franchised to sell and service vehicles of the same line-make as the chassis of the remanufactured vehicle purchased by the customer and whose service or repair facility is located nearest to the remanufacturer's location and place of business or the customer's residence or place of business. Additionally, at the time of sale of any vehicle, each customer of the remanufacturer shall be furnished with a warranty issued by the remanufacturer for a term of at least one year. (F) No adaptive mobility dealer shall do any of the following: (1) Represent that the dealer is engaged in the business of selling new motor vehicles; (2) Sell, transfer, or offer to sell or transfer a new motor vehicle unless that new motor vehicle is purchased through a licensed new motor vehicle dealer; (3) Sell or offer to sell an adaptive mobility vehicle without written documentation proving that the vehicle was adapted or modified in accordance with 49 C.F.R. part 568 or 595. (G) Except as otherwise provided in this division, whoever violates this section is guilty of a minor misdemeanor and shall be subject to a mandatory fine of one hundred dollars. If the offender previously has been convicted of or pleaded guilty to a violation of this section, whoever violates this section is guilty of a misdemeanor of the first degree and shall be subject to a mandatory fine of one thousand dollars. (H) The offenses established under this section are strict liability offenses and section 2901.20 of the Revised Code does not apply. The designation of these offenses as strict liability offenses shall not be construed to imply that any other offense, for which there is no specified degree of culpability, is not a strict liability offense. Last updated April 30, 2025 at 11:04 AM
Ohio Rev. Code § 4521.03 — Ohio Revised Code / Title 45 / Chapter 4521 / § 4521.03
§ 4521.03. Adoption of parking ticket
Status: in_force

January 1, 1983 House Bill 707 - 114th General Assembly (A) Each local authority that enacts any ordinance, resolution, or regulation pursuant to division (A) of section 4521.02 of the Revised Code shall adopt a parking ticket to be used by its law enforcement officers. The "Ohio Uniform Traffic Ticket" described in Traffic Rule 3(A) and (B) may be used as the parking ticket. The parking ticket adopted by a local authority shall be the summons and complaint for purposes of this chapter. (B) The parking ticket adopted by a local authority pursuant to division (A) of this section shall be used by its law enforcement officers in all cases in which a person is charged with committing a parking infraction in its political subdivision. Each parking ticket shall contain provisions that advise the person upon whom it is served that the person must answer in relation to the parking infraction charged in the ticket and that certain penalties may result from a failure to timely answer, indicate the allowable answers that may be made and that the person will be afforded a hearing if he denies in his answer that he committed the parking infraction, specify the entity to which, the time within which, and the allowable manners in which the answer must be made, indicate the penalties that may result from failure to timely answer and the fine that arises from the parking infraction, warn that failure to timely answer or to appear at a requested hearing will be considered an admission of the parking infraction, and warn that a default civil judgment potentially may be entered against the person and, if different, the owner of the vehicle if the person fails to timely answer or to appear at a requested hearing. (C) A law enforcement officer who issues a parking ticket for a parking infraction shall complete the ticket by identifying the parking infraction charged, recording the license plate number, type, and make or model of the vehicle, and indicating the date, time, and place of the parking infraction charged. The officer shall sign the ticket and affirm the facts it contains. If the operator of the vehicle is present, the officer also shall record on the ticket the name of the operator in a space provided on the ticket for identification of the offender, and then shall personally serve the parking ticket upon the operator. If the operator of the vehicle is not present, the officer shall insert the word "owner" in the space provided on the ticket for identification of the offender, and then shall constructively serve the parking ticket upon the owner of the vehicle by affixing the ticket to the vehicle in a conspicuous place. Constructive service of a parking ticket upon an owner of a vehicle by affixation as provided in this division, or by the procedure described in division (E) of this section, has the same force and effect, and potentially subjects both the owner and the operator of the vehicle whose act or omission resulted in the parking infraction, if different, to the same fine and the same penalties for failure to timely answer or to appear, if a hearing is requested, as if the parking ticket were personally served on both the owner and operator of the vehicle at the time of the violation. (D) The original of a parking ticket issued pursuant to this section or any true copy of it shall be considered a record kept in the ordinary course of business of the local authority and of the law enforcement agency whose officer issued it, and shall be prima-facie evidence of the facts it contains. (E) An operator of a vehicle who is not the owner of the vehicle, but who operates it with the express or implied permission of the owner is the agent of the owner for purposes of the receipt of parking tickets served in accordance with this section, and personal service of a parking ticket upon the operator in accordance with this section constitutes constructive service upon the owner for purposes of this chapter. The operator of a rented or leased vehicle whose act or omission resulted in an alleged parking infraction shall not be considered an agent of the owner if the owner is engaged in the business of renting and leasing vehicles pursuant to a written rental or lease agreement and if the owner follows the procedures set forth in section 4521.09 of the Revised Code. (F) Except as provided in section 4521.09 of the Revised Code, when a parking ticket is issued for a parking infraction and is served pursuant to this section, the operator of the vehicle whose act or omission resulted in the parking infraction for which the ticket was issued and the owner of the vehicle involved in the parking infraction, if different, are jointly liable for the parking infraction and any fine or penalty arising out of the parking infraction under an ordinance, resolution, or regulation enacted by the local authority pursuant to division (A) of section 4521.02 of the Revised Code. Any owner of a vehicle who pays any fine or penalty imposed for a parking infraction pursuant to this chapter may recover the amount paid from the operator of the vehicle whose act or omission resulted in the parking infraction. (G) No person upon whom a parking ticket charging a parking infraction is personally or constructively served pursuant to this section shall be arrested as a result of the commission of the parking infraction.
Ohio Rev. Code § 4503.964 — Ohio Revised Code / Title 45 / Chapter 4503 / § 4503.964
§ 4503.964. Chardon High School state football champs license plates
Status: in_force

April 6, 2023 House Bill 578 - 134th General Assembly (A) The owner or lessee of any passenger car, noncommercial motor vehicle, recreational vehicle, or other vehicle of a class approved by the registrar of motor vehicles may apply to the registrar for the registration of the vehicle and issuance of "Chardon High School State Football Champs" license plates. The application may be combined with a request for a special reserved license plate under section 4503.40 or 4503.42 of the Revised Code. Upon receipt of the completed application and compliance by the applicant with divisions (B) and (C) of this section, the registrar shall issue to the applicant the appropriate vehicle registration and a set of "Chardon High School State Football Champs" license plates and a validation sticker, or a validation sticker alone when required by section 4503.191 of the Revised Code. In addition to the letters and numbers ordinarily inscribed on the license plates, "Chardon High School State Football Champs" license plates shall display an appropriate logo and words that are selected by representatives of Chardon high school and approved by the registrar. "Chardon High School State Football Champs" license plates shall display county identification stickers that identify the county of registration as required under section 4503.19 of the Revised Code. (B) "Chardon High School State Football Champs" license plates and a validation sticker, or validation sticker alone, shall be issued upon receipt of an application for registration of a motor vehicle under this section; payment of the regular license tax as prescribed under section 4503.04 of the Revised Code, any applicable motor vehicle license tax levied under Chapter 4504. of the Revised Code, any applicable additional fee prescribed by section 4503.40 or 4503.42 of the Revised Code, an additional administrative fee of ten dollars, and a contribution as provided in division (C)(1) of this section; and compliance with all other applicable laws relating to the registration of motor vehicles. (C)(1) For each application for registration and registration renewal notice the registrar receives under this section, the registrar shall collect a contribution of twenty dollars. The registrar shall deposit this contribution into the state treasury to the credit of the license plate contribution fund created in section 4501.21 of the Revised Code. (2) The registrar shall deposit the administrative fee of ten dollars, the purpose of which is to compensate the bureau of motor vehicles for additional services required in the issuing of "Chardon High School State Football Champs" license plates, into the state treasury to the credit of the public safety - highway purposes fund created in section 4501.06 of the Revised Code. Last updated February 27, 2023 at 11:38 AM
Ohio Rev. Code § 4503.884 — Ohio Revised Code / Title 45 / Chapter 4503 / § 4503.884
§ 4503.884. Archbishop Moeller high school license plates
Status: in_force

October 22, 2020 Senate Bill 163 - 133rd General Assembly (A) The owner or lessee of any passenger car, noncommercial motor vehicle, recreational vehicle, or other vehicle of a class approved by the registrar of motor vehicles may apply to the registrar for the registration of the vehicle and issuance of "Archbishop Moeller High School" license plates. The application may be combined with a request for a special reserved license plate under section 4503.40 or 4503.42 of the Revised Code. Upon receipt of the completed application and compliance by the applicant with divisions (B) and (C) of this section, the registrar shall issue to the applicant the appropriate vehicle registration and a set of "Archbishop Moeller High School" license plates and a validation sticker, or a validation sticker alone when required by section 4503.191 of the Revised Code. In addition to the letters and numbers ordinarily inscribed on the license plates, "Archbishop Moeller High School" license plates shall display an appropriate logo and words selected by representatives of Archbishop Moeller high school and that are approved by the registrar. "Archbishop Moeller High School" license plates shall display county identification stickers that identify the county of registration as required under section 4503.19 of the Revised Code. (B) "Archbishop Moeller High School" license plates and a validation sticker, or validation sticker alone, shall be issued upon receipt of an application for registration of a motor vehicle under this section; payment of the regular license tax as prescribed under section 4503.04 of the Revised Code, any applicable motor vehicle license tax levied under Chapter 4504. of the Revised Code, any applicable additional fee prescribed by section 4503.40 or 4503.42 of the Revised Code, an additional administrative fee of ten dollars, and a contribution as provided in division (C)(1) of this section; and compliance with all other applicable laws relating to the registration of motor vehicles. (C)(1) For each application for registration and registration renewal notice the registrar receives under this section, the registrar shall collect a contribution of twenty-five dollars. The registrar shall deposit this contribution into the state treasury to the credit of the license plate contribution fund created in section 4501.21 of the Revised Code. (2) The registrar shall deposit the administrative fee of ten dollars, the purpose of which is to compensate the bureau of motor vehicles for additional services required in the issuing of "Archbishop Moeller High School" license plates, into the state treasury to the credit of the public safety - highway purposes fund created in section 4501.06 of the Revised Code.
Ohio Rev. Code § 4505.21 — Ohio Revised Code / Title 45 / Chapter 4505 / § 4505.21
§ 4505.21. Owner exporting vehicle outside United States
Status: in_force

January 1, 2004 Senate Bill 123 - 124th General Assembly (A) As used in this section: (1) "Certified receipt of title cancellation" means a form prescribed by the registrar of motor vehicles for use under this section that shall include all of the following: (a) The name of the owner who surrenders a certificate of title to a vehicle intended to be exported; (b) A description of the motor vehicle that shall include the year, make, model, style, vehicle identification number, color, license registration number, and the state of registration; (c) The destination of the motor vehicle; (d) Whether the purpose of the export is for sale, lease, personal use, or other specified use; (e) Such other information as the registrar determines to be appropriate. (2) A "declaration of temporary export" means a form prescribed by the registrar that includes all of the following: (a) The items specified in divisions (A)(1)(a) to (e) of this section; (b) A statement that the vehicle will not be permanently located outside of the United States and that the owner intends to return the vehicle to the United States; (c) The period of time for which it is anticipated that the motor vehicle will be located outside of the United States. (3) "Export" means the shipping or transportation of a motor vehicle from any point inside the United States to a point outside of the United States. "Export" does not include operating the motor vehicle by means of its own power or that of a motor vehicle drawing or towing it unless the purpose of the owner is to avoid compliance with division (B) or (C) of this section. (4) "Owner" means the person named on a certificate of title issued by this state as the owner or assignee of the owner of the motor vehicle for which the certificate of title has been issued and includes any person who is lawfully entitled to the issuance of a new certificate of title to the motor vehicle naming the person as owner of the vehicle or who is lawfully entitled to surrender the certificate of title under this section. "Owner" includes a secured party who exports or permits the export of a motor vehicle in the exercise of the secured party's rights and powers under the security agreement. (B) No owner of a motor vehicle who exports or permits the export of the motor vehicle for permanent location outside of the United States shall do any of the following: (1) Fail to surrender the certificate of title to the motor vehicle to the registrar prior to the date that the motor vehicle is delivered to any person for export; (2) Knowingly fail to surrender the certificate of title to the motor vehicle to the registrar prior to the date that the motor vehicle is delivered to any person for export. (C) No owner of a motor vehicle who exports or permits the export of the motor vehicle for temporary location outside of the United States shall do any of the following: (1) Fail to file a declaration of temporary export with the registrar prior to the date that the motor vehicle is delivered to any person for export; (2) Purposely fail to file a declaration of temporary export with the registrar prior to the date that the motor vehicle is delivered to any person for export in order to facilitate the commission of a conspiracy, attempt, complicity, or theft offense related to the title of a motor vehicle or the proceeds of a motor vehicle insurance policy. (D)(1) Proof that the defendant acted in good faith and surrendered the certificate of title to the registrar within a reasonable time after delivery of the motor vehicle for export is an affirmative defense to a prosecution under division (B)(1) of this section. (2) Proof that the defendant acted in good faith and filed a declaration of temporary export with the registrar within a reasonable time after delivery of the motor vehicle for export is an affirmative defense to a prosecution under division (C)(1) of this section. (E) The registrar shall prescribe forms to be signed by the owner who surrenders a certificate of title for cancellation under this section and by all secured parties whose uncanceled security interests are noted on the certificate. The form shall indicate the person to whom a certified receipt of title cancellation is to be delivered and any security interests that are to be noted on the certified receipt of title cancellation. The registrar shall inspect the title surrender form and the certificate of title to determine whether any uncanceled security interests have been noted on the title under section 4505.13 of the Revised Code and whether the person exporting the vehicle is the lawful owner. If the registrar determines that the certificate is in proper order and that all secured parties having uncanceled security interests noted on the certificate have consented to the surrender of the certificate, the registrar shall issue a certified receipt of title to the owner with such notation of security interests as shall be requested upon the title surrender form. (F) The registrar shall record a declaration of temporary export filed under division (B)(2) of this section and retain it with the records of the certificate of title until the owner notifies the registrar, on a form prescribed by the registrar, that the motor vehicle has been returned to the United States. (G)(1) Whoever violates division (B)(1) or (C)(1) of this section is guilty of a misdemeanor of the first degree. (2) Whoever violates division (B)(2) or (C)(2) of this section is guilty of a felony of the fifth degree.
Ohio Rev. Code § 4513.32 — Ohio Revised Code / Title 45 / Chapter 4513 / § 4513.32
§ 4513.32. Vehicle towing requirements
Status: in_force

January 1, 2004 Senate Bill 123 - 124th General Assembly (A) When one vehicle is towing another vehicle, the drawbar or other connection shall be of sufficient strength to pull all the weight towed thereby, and the drawbar or other connection shall not exceed fifteen feet from one vehicle to the other, except the connection between any two vehicles transporting poles, pipe, machinery, or other objects of structural nature which cannot readily be dismembered. When one vehicle is towing another and the connection consists only of a chain, rope, or cable, there shall be displayed upon such connection a white flag or cloth not less than twelve inches square. In addition to such drawbar or other connection, each trailer and each semitrailer which is not connected to a commercial tractor by means of a fifth wheel shall be coupled with stay chains or cables to the vehicle by which it is being drawn. The chains or cables shall be of sufficient size and strength to prevent the towed vehicle's parting from the drawing vehicle in case the drawbar or other connection should break or become disengaged. In case of a loaded pole trailer, the connecting pole to the drawing vehicle shall be coupled to the drawing vehicle with stay chains or cables of sufficient size and strength to prevent the towed vehicle's parting from the drawing vehicle. Every trailer or semitrailer, except pole and cable trailers and pole and cable dollies operated by a public utility as defined in section 5727.01 of the Revised Code, shall be equipped with a coupling device, which shall be so designed and constructed that the trailer will follow substantially in the path of the vehicle drawing it, without whipping or swerving from side to side. Vehicles used to transport agricultural produce or agricultural production materials between a local place of storage and supply and the farm, when drawn or towed on a street or highway at a speed of twenty-five miles per hour or less, and vehicles designed and used exclusively to transport a boat between a place of storage and a marina, or in and around a marina, when drawn or towed on a street or highway for a distance of no more than ten miles and at a speed of twenty-five miles per hour or less, shall have a drawbar or other connection, including the hitch mounted on the towing vehicle, which shall be of sufficient strength to pull all the weight towed thereby. Only one such vehicle used to transport agricultural produce or agricultural production materials as provided in this section may be towed or drawn at one time, except as follows: (1) An agricultural tractor may tow or draw more than one such vehicle; (2) A pickup truck or straight truck designed by the manufacturer to carry a load of not less than one-half ton and not more than two tons may tow or draw not more than two such vehicles that are being used to transport agricultural produce from the farm to a local place of storage. No vehicle being so towed by such a pickup truck or straight truck shall be considered to be a motor vehicle. (B) Whoever violates this section shall be punished as provided in section 4513.99 of the Revised Code.
Ohio Rev. Code § 4517.16 — Ohio Revised Code / Title 45 / Chapter 4517 / § 4517.16
§ 4517.16. Eligibility for construction equipment auction license
Status: in_force

June 29, 2011 House Bill 114 - 129th General Assembly A person is eligible for a construction equipment auction license under section 4517.17 of the Revised Code if the person meets all of the following requirements: (A) Maintains a permanent auction site within this state that is at least ninety acres in size and maintains over sixty thousand square feet of total facility space; (B) Is engaged primarily in the business of selling large construction and transportation equipment at auction, receives more than one million dollars in gross annual sales in this state, and derives not more than ten per cent of the person's gross annual sales revenue in this state from the sale of motor vehicles having a gross vehicle weight rating of ten thousand pounds or less.
Ohio Rev. Code § 4503.73 — Ohio Revised Code / Title 45 / Chapter 4503 / § 4503.73
§ 4503.73. Leader in flight license plates
Status: in_force

July 1, 2017 House Bill 26 - 132nd General Assembly (A) The owner or lessee of any passenger car, noncommercial motor vehicle, recreational vehicle, or other vehicle of a class approved by the registrar of motor vehicles may apply to the registrar for the registration of the vehicle and issuance of "the leader in flight" license plates. The application for "the leader in flight" license plates may be combined with a request for a special reserved license plate under section 4503.40 or 4503.42 of the Revised Code. Upon receipt of the completed application and compliance with division (B) of this section, the registrar shall issue to the applicant the appropriate vehicle registration and a set of "the leader in flight" license plates with a validation sticker or a validation sticker alone when required by section 4503.191 of the Revised Code. In addition to the letters and numbers ordinarily inscribed thereon, "the leader in flight" license plates shall be inscribed with the words "the leader in flight" and illustrations of a space shuttle in a vertical position and the Wright "B" airplane. "The leader in flight" license plates shall bear county identification stickers that identify the county of registration as required under section 4503.19 of the Revised Code. (B) "The leader in flight" license plates and validation sticker shall be issued upon receipt of a contribution as provided in division (C) of this section and payment of the regular license tax as prescribed under section 4503.04 of the Revised Code, a fee of ten dollars for the purpose of compensating the bureau of motor vehicles for additional services required in the issuing of "the leader in flight" license plates, any applicable motor vehicle tax levied under Chapter 4504. of the Revised Code, and compliance with all other applicable laws relating to the registration of motor vehicles. If the application for "the leader in flight" license plates is combined with a request for a special reserved license plate under section 4503.40 or 4503.42 of the Revised Code, the license plate and validation sticker shall be issued upon payment of the fees and taxes referred to or established in this division and the additional fee prescribed under section 4503.40 or 4503.42 of the Revised Code. (C) For each application for registration and registration renewal received under this section, the registrar shall collect a contribution of fifteen dollars. The registrar shall transmit this contribution to the treasurer of state for deposit in the license plate contribution fund created in section 4501.21 of the Revised Code. The registrar shall deposit the additional fee of ten dollars specified in division (B) of this section that the applicant for registration voluntarily pays for the purpose of compensating the bureau for the additional services required in the issuing of the applicant's "the leader in flight" license plates in the public safety - highway purposes fund created in section 4501.06 of the Revised Code.
Ohio Rev. Code § 4503.755 — Ohio Revised Code / Title 45 / Chapter 4503 / § 4503.755
§ 4503.755. Little brown jug license plates
Status: in_force

July 21, 2022 House Bill 291 - 134th General Assembly (A) The owner or lessee of any passenger car, noncommercial motor vehicle, recreational vehicle, or other vehicle of a class approved by the registrar of motor vehicles may apply to the registrar for the registration of the vehicle and issuance of "Little Brown Jug" license plates. The application may be combined with a request for a special reserved license plate under section 4503.40 or 4503.42 of the Revised Code. Upon receipt of the completed application and compliance by the applicant with divisions (B) and (C) of this section, the registrar shall issue to the applicant the appropriate vehicle registration and a set of "Little Brown Jug" license plates and a validation sticker, or a validation sticker alone when required by section 4503.191 of the Revised Code. In addition to the letters and numbers ordinarily inscribed on the license plates, "Little Brown Jug" license plates shall display an appropriate logo and words that are selected by representatives of the little brown jug society and approved by the registrar. "Little Brown Jug" license plates shall display county identification stickers that identify the county of registration as required under section 4503.19 of the Revised Code. (B) "Little Brown Jug" license plates and a validation sticker, or validation sticker alone, shall be issued upon receipt of an application for registration of a motor vehicle under this section; payment of the regular license tax as prescribed under section 4503.04 of the Revised Code, any applicable motor vehicle license tax levied under Chapter 4504. of the Revised Code, any applicable additional fee prescribed by section 4503.40 or 4503.42 of the Revised Code, an additional administrative fee of ten dollars, and a contribution as provided in division (C)(1) of this section; and compliance with all other applicable laws relating to the registration of motor vehicles. (C)(1) For each application for registration and registration renewal notice the registrar receives under this section, the registrar shall collect a contribution of twenty dollars. The registrar shall deposit this contribution into the state treasury to the credit of the license plate contribution fund created in section 4501.21 of the Revised Code. (2) The registrar shall deposit the administrative fee of ten dollars, the purpose of which is to compensate the bureau of motor vehicles for additional services required in the issuing of "Little Brown Jug" license plates, into the state treasury to the credit of the public safety - highway purposes fund created in section 4501.06 of the Revised Code. Last updated April 29, 2022 at 11:52 AM
Ohio Rev. Code § 4507.011 — Ohio Revised Code / Title 45 / Chapter 4507 / § 4507.011
§ 4507.011. Deputy registrar - building rental fees
Status: in_force

July 1, 2017 House Bill 26 - 132nd General Assembly (A) Each deputy registrar assigned to a driver's license examining station by the registrar of motor vehicles as provided in section 4507.01 of the Revised Code shall remit to the director of public safety a rental fee equal to the percentage of space occupied by the deputy registrar in the driver's license examining station multiplied by the rental fee paid for the entire driver's license examining station plus a pro rata share of all utility costs. All such moneys received by the director shall be deposited in the state treasury to the credit of the public safety - highway purposes fund created in section 4501.06 of the Revised Code. (B) Each deputy registrar assigned to a bureau of motor vehicles' location shall reimburse the registrar a monthly building rental fee, including applicable utility charges. All such moneys received by the registrar shall be deposited into the public safety - highway purposes fund established in section 4501.06 of the Revised Code.
Ohio Rev. Code § 4503.579 — Ohio Revised Code / Title 45 / Chapter 4503 / § 4503.579
§ 4503.579. National council of Negro women license plates
Status: in_force

September 30, 2025 House Bill 96 - 136th General Assembly (A) The owner or lessee of any passenger car, noncommercial motor vehicle, recreational vehicle, or other vehicle of a class approved by the registrar of motor vehicles may apply to the registrar for the registration of the vehicle and issuance of "National Council of Negro Women" license plates. The application may be combined with a request for a special reserved license plate under section 4503.40 or 4503.42 of the Revised Code. Upon receipt of the completed application and compliance by the applicant with divisions (B) and (C) of this section, the registrar shall issue to the applicant the appropriate vehicle registration and a set of "National Council of Negro Women" license plates and a validation sticker, or a validation sticker alone when required by section 4503.191 of the Revised Code. In addition to the letters and numbers ordinarily inscribed on the license plates, "National Council of Negro Women" license plates shall display an appropriate logo and words selected by representatives of the Ohio state coalition-national council of negro women, incorporated, and that are approved by the registrar. "National Council of Negro Women" license plates shall display county identification stickers that identify the county of registration as required under section 4503.19 of the Revised Code. (B) "National Council of Negro Women" license plates and a validation sticker, or validation sticker alone, shall be issued upon receipt of an application for registration of a motor vehicle under this section; payment of the regular license tax as prescribed under section 4503.04 of the Revised Code, any applicable motor vehicle license tax levied under Chapter 4504. of the Revised Code, any applicable additional fee prescribed by section 4503.40 or 4503.42 of the Revised Code, an additional administrative fee of ten dollars, and a contribution as provided in division (C)(1) of this section; and compliance with all other applicable laws relating to the registration of motor vehicles. (C)(1) For each application for registration and registration renewal notice the registrar receives under this section, the registrar shall collect a contribution of twenty-five dollars. The registrar shall deposit this contribution into the state treasury to the credit of the license plate contribution fund created in section 4501.21 of the Revised Code. (2) The registrar shall deposit the administrative fee of ten dollars, the purpose of which is to compensate the bureau of motor vehicles for additional services required in the issuing of "National Council of Negro Women" license plates, into the state treasury to the credit of the public safety - highway purposes fund created in section 4501.06 of the Revised Code. Last updated July 21, 2025 at 10:59 AM
Ohio Rev. Code § 4503.547 — Ohio Revised Code / Title 45 / Chapter 4503 / § 4503.547
§ 4503.547. Blue Star Banner license plates
Status: in_force

April 9, 2025 Senate Bill 163 - 135th General Assembly (A) As used in this section, "member of the immediate family" of a person who is a member of any branch of the armed forces of the United States that is serving on active duty means all of the following: (1) A spouse; (2) A parent, stepparent, or other person who acted in loco parentis; (3) A sibling, whether of the whole or half-blood, or by adoption; (4) A child, including those by adoption, or a stepchild; (5) A grandparent. (B) Any member of the immediate family of a person currently serving on active duty of any branch of the armed forces of the United States, including those on active duty in the reserves or national guard, may apply to the registrar of motor vehicles for registration of any passenger car, noncommercial motor vehicle, recreational vehicle, or other vehicle of a class approved by the registrar that the family member owns or leases and for issuance of "Blue Star Banner" license plates for that motor vehicle. The application may be combined with a request for a special reserved license plate under section 4503.40 or 4503.42 of the Revised Code. Upon receipt of the completed application and compliance by the applicant with divisions (C) and (D) of this section, the registrar shall issue to the applicant the appropriate vehicle registration and a set of "Blue Star Banner" license plates and a validation sticker, or a validation sticker alone when required by section 4503.191 of the Revised Code. In addition to the letters and numbers ordinarily inscribed on the license plates, "Blue Star Banner" license plates shall display an appropriate logo and words that are selected by representatives of the department of veterans services and approved by the registrar. "Blue Star Banner" license plates shall display county identification stickers that identify the county of registration as required under section 4503.19 of the Revised Code. (C) "Blue Star Banner" license plates and a validation sticker, or validation sticker alone, shall be issued upon receipt of an application for registration of a motor vehicle under this section; supporting documentation certifying that the applicant's family member who is on active duty is currently serving on active duty as may be required by the registrar; payment of the regular license tax as prescribed under section 4503.04 of the Revised Code, any applicable motor vehicle license tax levied under Chapter 4504. of the Revised Code, any applicable additional fee prescribed by section 4503.40 or 4503.42 of the Revised Code, an additional administrative fee of ten dollars; and compliance with all other applicable laws relating to the registration of motor vehicles. (D) The registrar shall deposit the administrative fee of ten dollars, the purpose of which is to compensate the bureau of motor vehicles for additional services required in the issuing of "Blue Star Banner" license plates, into the state treasury to the credit of the public safety - highway purposes fund created in section 4501.06 of the Revised Code. (E) No person who is not a member of the immediate family of a person currently serving on active duty of any branch of the armed forces of the United States shall willfully and falsely represent that the person is such a family member for the purpose of obtaining license plates under this section. Last updated February 20, 2025 at 2:37 PM
Ohio Rev. Code § 4516.02 — Ohio Revised Code / Title 45 / Chapter 4516 / § 4516.02
§ 4516.02. Peer-to-peer car sharing program agreement
Status: in_force

October 3, 2023 House Bill 33 - 135th General Assembly (A) A peer-to-peer car sharing program shall collect the following information before entering into a peer-to-peer car sharing program agreement including, but not limited to: (1) The name and address of the shared vehicle owner and the shared vehicle driver; (2) The driver's license number and state of issuance of the shared vehicle driver and any other person who will operate the shared vehicle during the car sharing period. (B) A peer-to-peer car sharing program shall collect, verify, and maintain records pertaining to the use of each shared vehicle enrolled in the program, including records pertaining to all of the following: (1) The dates, times, and duration of time that the shared vehicle is in use through the program; (2) Any fees or other financial consideration paid by the shared vehicle driver; (3) Any revenues or other financial consideration received by the shared vehicle owner; (4) Any other information or data that is necessary to establish the car sharing period, including the car sharing delivery period, the car sharing start time, and the car sharing termination time, for the shared vehicle. (C)(1) The program shall provide the records required by division (B) of this section, upon request, to any shared vehicle owner, shared vehicle driver, the shared vehicle owner's insurer, or the shared vehicle driver's insurer for purposes of facilitating the investigation of a claim, incident, or accident. (2) Upon receipt of a valid warrant, the program shall provide the records required by division (B) of this section to law enforcement. (D) The program shall retain records required by division (B) of this section regarding each car sharing period for not less than three years after the car sharing period. Last updated January 6, 2025 at 12:40 PM
Ohio Rev. Code § 4503.552 — Ohio Revised Code / Title 45 / Chapter 4503 / § 4503.552
§ 4503.552. Rock and roll hall of fame license plates
Status: in_force

July 1, 2017 House Bill 26 - 132nd General Assembly (A) The owner or lessee of any passenger car, noncommercial motor vehicle, recreational vehicle, or other vehicle of a class approved by the registrar of motor vehicles may apply to the registrar for the registration of the vehicle and issuance of rock and roll hall of fame license plates. The application for rock and roll hall of fame license plates may be combined with a request for a special reserved license plate under section 4503.40 or 4503.42 of the Revised Code. Upon receipt of the completed application and compliance with division (B) of this section, the registrar shall issue to the applicant the appropriate vehicle registration, a set of rock and roll hall of fame license plates, and a validation sticker, or a validation sticker alone when required by section 4503.191 of the Revised Code. In addition to the letters and numbers ordinarily inscribed on the license plates, rock and roll hall of fame license plates shall be inscribed with identifying words or markings selected by the rock and roll hall of fame and museum, inc., and approved by the registrar. Rock and roll hall of fame license plates shall bear county identification stickers that identify the county of registration as required under section 4503.19 of the Revised Code. (B) Rock and roll hall of fame license plates and a validation sticker, or a validation sticker alone, shall be issued upon receipt of an application for registration of a motor vehicle submitted under this section and a contribution as provided in division (C) of this section, payment of the regular license tax as prescribed under section 4503.04 of the Revised Code, any applicable motor vehicle tax levied under Chapter 4504. of the Revised Code, any applicable additional fee prescribed by section 4503.40 or 4503.42 of the Revised Code, and an additional fee of ten dollars, and compliance with all other applicable laws relating to the registration of motor vehicles. (C) For each application for registration and registration renewal that the registrar receives under this section, the registrar shall collect a contribution of fifteen dollars. The registrar shall transmit this contribution to the treasurer of state for deposit in the license plate contribution fund created in section 4501.21 of the Revised Code. The additional fee of ten dollars described in division (B) of this section shall be for the purpose of compensating the bureau of motor vehicles for additional services required in issuing license plates under this section. The registrar shall transmit that fee to the treasurer of state for deposit into the state treasury to the credit of the public safety - highway purposes fund created by section 4501.06 of the Revised Code.
Ohio Rev. Code § 4509.30 — Ohio Revised Code / Title 45 / Chapter 4509 / § 4509.30
§ 4509.30. Accident report and findings of registrar prohibited at trial
Status: in_force

July 1, 1959 House Bill 1035 - 103rd General Assembly The report required following a motor vehicle accident, the action taken by the registrar of motor vehicles pursuant to sections 4509.11 to 4509.291 , inclusive, of the Revised Code, the findings of the registrar upon which such action is based, and the security filed as provided in such section, shall not be referred to in any way and shall not be evidence of the negligence or due care of either party at the trial of any action to recover damages.
Ohio Rev. Code § 4503.520 — Ohio Revised Code / Title 45 / Chapter 4503 / § 4503.520
§ 4503.520. Purdue University license plates
Status: in_force

April 9, 2025 Senate Bill 163 - 135th General Assembly (A) The owner or lessee of any passenger car, noncommercial motor vehicle, recreational vehicle, or other vehicle of a class approved by the registrar of motor vehicles may apply to the registrar for the registration of the vehicle and issuance of "Purdue University" license plates. The application may be combined with a request for a special reserved license plate under section 4503.40 or 4503.42 of the Revised Code. Upon receipt of the completed application and compliance by the applicant with divisions (B) and (C) of this section, the registrar shall issue to the applicant the appropriate vehicle registration and a set of "Purdue University" license plates and a validation sticker, or a validation sticker alone when required by section 4503.191 of the Revised Code. In addition to the letters and numbers ordinarily inscribed on the license plates, "Purdue University" license plates shall display an appropriate logo and words, selected by representatives of Purdue university and approved by the registrar. "Purdue University" license plates shall display county identification stickers that identify the county of registration as required under section 4503.19 of the Revised Code. (B) "Purdue University" license plates and a validation sticker, or validation sticker alone, shall be issued upon receipt of an application for registration of a motor vehicle under this section; payment of the regular license tax as prescribed under section 4503.04 of the Revised Code, any applicable motor vehicle license tax levied under Chapter 4504. of the Revised Code, any applicable additional fee prescribed by section 4503.40 or 4503.42 of the Revised Code, an additional administrative fee of ten dollars, and a contribution as provided in division (C)(1) of this section; and compliance with all other applicable laws relating to the registration of motor vehicles. (C)(1) For each application for registration and registration renewal notice the registrar receives under this section, the registrar shall collect a contribution of thirty dollars. The registrar shall deposit this contribution into the state treasury to the credit of the license plate contribution fund created in section 4501.21 of the Revised Code. (2) The registrar shall deposit the administrative fee of ten dollars, the purpose of which is to compensate the bureau of motor vehicles for additional services required in the issuing of "Purdue University" license plates, into the state treasury to the credit of the public safety - highway purposes fund created in section 4501.06 of the Revised Code. Last updated February 20, 2025 at 2:36 PM
Ohio Rev. Code § 4503.562 — Ohio Revised Code / Title 45 / Chapter 4503 / § 4503.562
§ 4503.562. Mahoning river license plates
Status: in_force

July 1, 2017 House Bill 26 - 132nd General Assembly (A) The owner or lessee of any passenger car, noncommercial motor vehicle, recreational vehicle, or other vehicle of a class approved by the registrar of motor vehicles may apply to the registrar for the registration of the vehicle and issuance of "Mahoning river" license plates. The application for "Mahoning river" license plates may be combined with a request for a special reserved license plate under section 4503.40 or 4503.42 of the Revised Code. Upon receipt of the completed application and compliance with division (B) of this section, the registrar shall issue to the applicant the appropriate vehicle registration, a set of "Mahoning river" license plates with a validation sticker, or a validation sticker alone when required by section 4503.191 of the Revised Code. In addition to the letters and numbers ordinarily inscribed on the license plates, "Mahoning river" license plates shall be inscribed with identifying words or markings selected by the Mahoning river consortium and approved by the registrar. "Mahoning river" license plates shall bear county identification stickers that identify the county of registration as required under section 4503.19 of the Revised Code. (B) "Mahoning river" license plates and a validation sticker or, when applicable, a validation sticker alone shall be issued upon submission by the applicant of an application for registration of a motor vehicle under this section and a contribution as provided in division (C) of this section; payment of the regular license tax as prescribed under section 4503.04 of the Revised Code, any applicable motor vehicle tax levied under Chapter 4504. of the Revised Code, any applicable additional fee prescribed by section 4503.40 or 4503.42 of the Revised Code, and an additional fee of ten dollars; and compliance with all other applicable laws relating to the registration of motor vehicles. (C) For each application for registration and registration renewal that the registrar receives under this section, the registrar shall collect a contribution not exceeding twenty dollars as determined by the Mahoning river consortium. The registrar shall transmit this contribution to the treasurer of state for deposit in the license plate contribution fund created by section 4501.21 of the Revised Code. The additional fee of ten dollars described in division (B) of this section shall be for the purpose of compensating the bureau of motor vehicles for additional services required in issuing license plates under this section. The registrar shall transmit that fee to the treasurer of state for deposit into the state treasury to the credit of the public safety - highway purposes fund created by section 4501.06 of the Revised Code.
Ohio Rev. Code § 4511.205 — Ohio Revised Code / Title 45 / Chapter 4511 / § 4511.205
§ 4511.205. Use of devices by persons under 18 years of age
Status: in_force

October 29, 2018 House Bill 95 - 132nd General Assembly (A) No holder of a temporary instruction permit who has not attained the age of eighteen years and no holder of a probationary driver's license shall drive a motor vehicle on any street, highway, or property used by the public for purposes of vehicular traffic or parking while using in any manner an electronic wireless communications device. (B) Division (A) of this section does not apply to either of the following: (1) A person using an electronic wireless communications device for emergency purposes, including an emergency contact with a law enforcement agency, hospital or health care provider, fire department, or other similar emergency agency or entity; (2) A person using an electronic wireless communications device whose motor vehicle is in a stationary position and the motor vehicle is outside a lane of travel; (3) A person using a navigation device in a voice-operated or hands-free manner who does not manipulate the device while driving. (C)(1) Except as provided in division (C)(2) of this section, whoever violates division (A) of this section shall be fined one hundred fifty dollars. In addition, the court shall impose a class seven suspension of the offender's driver's license or permit for a definite period of sixty days. (2) If the person previously has been adjudicated a delinquent child or a juvenile traffic offender for a violation of this section, whoever violates this section shall be fined three hundred dollars. In addition, the court shall impose a class seven suspension of the person's driver's license or permit for a definite period of one year. (D) The filing of a sworn complaint against a person for a violation of this section does not preclude the filing of a sworn complaint for a violation of a substantially equivalent municipal ordinance for the same conduct. However, if a person is adjudicated a delinquent child or a juvenile traffic offender for a violation of this section and is also adjudicated a delinquent child or a juvenile traffic offender for a violation of a substantially equivalent municipal ordinance for the same conduct, the two offenses are allied offenses of similar import under section 2941.25 of the Revised Code. (E) As used in this section, "electronic wireless communications device" includes any of the following: (1) A wireless telephone; (2) A personal digital assistant; (3) A computer, including a laptop computer and a computer tablet; (4) A text-messaging device; (5) Any other substantially similar electronic wireless device that is designed or used to communicate via voice, image, or written word.
Ohio Rev. Code § 4503.943 — Ohio Revised Code / Title 45 / Chapter 4503 / § 4503.943
§ 4503.943. Weirdo Cat Lovers of Cleveland license plates
Status: in_force

April 9, 2025 Senate Bill 163 - 135th General Assembly (A) The owner or lessee of any passenger car, noncommercial motor vehicle, recreational vehicle, or other vehicle of a class approved by the registrar of motor vehicles may apply to the registrar for the registration of the vehicle and issuance of "Weirdo Cat Lovers of Cleveland" license plates. The application may be combined with a request for a special reserved license plate under section 4503.40 or 4503.42 of the Revised Code. Upon receipt of the completed application and compliance by the applicant with divisions (B) and (C) of this section, the registrar shall issue to the applicant the appropriate vehicle registration and a set of "Weirdo Cat Lovers of Cleveland" license plates and a validation sticker, or a validation sticker alone when required by section 4503.191 of the Revised Code. In addition to the letters and numbers ordinarily inscribed on the license plates, "Weirdo Cat Lovers of Cleveland" license plates shall display an appropriate logo and words that are selected by representatives of the nonprofit organization weirdo cat lovers of Cleveland and approved by the registrar. "Weirdo Cat Lovers of Cleveland" license plates shall display county identification stickers that identify the county of registration as required under section 4503.19 of the Revised Code. (B) "Weirdo Cat Lovers of Cleveland" license plates and a validation sticker, or validation sticker alone, shall be issued upon receipt of an application for registration of a motor vehicle under this section; payment of the regular license tax as prescribed under section 4503.04 of the Revised Code, any applicable motor vehicle license tax levied under Chapter 4504. of the Revised Code, any applicable additional fee prescribed by section 4503.40 or 4503.42 of the Revised Code, an additional administrative fee of ten dollars, and a contribution as provided in division (C)(1) of this section; and compliance with all other applicable laws relating to the registration of motor vehicles. (C)(1) For each application for registration and registration renewal notice the registrar receives under this section, the registrar shall collect a contribution of fifteen dollars. The registrar shall deposit this contribution into the state treasury to the credit of the license plate contribution fund created in section 4501.21 of the Revised Code. (2) The registrar shall deposit the administrative fee of ten dollars, the purpose of which is to compensate the bureau of motor vehicles for additional services required in the issuing of "Weirdo Cat Lovers of Cleveland" license plates, into the state treasury to the credit of the public safety - highway purposes fund created in section 4501.06 of the Revised Code. Last updated February 20, 2025 at 2:43 PM
Ohio Rev. Code § 4503.568 — Ohio Revised Code / Title 45 / Chapter 4503 / § 4503.568
§ 4503.568. Ohio bullfrog license plates
Status: in_force

October 22, 2020 Senate Bill 163 - 133rd General Assembly (A) The owner or lessee of any passenger car, noncommercial motor vehicle, recreational vehicle, or other vehicle of a class approved by the registrar of motor vehicles may apply to the registrar for the registration of the vehicle and issuance of "Ohio Bullfrog" license plates. The application may be combined with a request for a special reserved license plate under section 4503.40 or 4503.42 of the Revised Code. Upon receipt of the completed application and compliance by the applicant with divisions (B) and (C) of this section, the registrar shall issue to the applicant the appropriate vehicle registration and a set of "Ohio Bullfrog" license plates and a validation sticker, or a validation sticker alone when required by section 4503.191 of the Revised Code. In addition to the letters and numbers ordinarily inscribed on the license plates, "Ohio Bullfrog" license plates shall display an appropriate logo and words, selected by representatives of the Ohio department of natural resources in conjunction with representatives from Grizzell middle school located in the municipal corporation of Dublin, that are approved by the registrar. "Ohio Bullfrog" license plates shall display county identification stickers that identify the county of registration as required under section 4503.19 of the Revised Code. (B) "Ohio Bullfrog" license plates and a validation sticker, or validation sticker alone, shall be issued upon receipt of an application for registration of a motor vehicle under this section; payment of the regular license tax as prescribed under section 4503.04 of the Revised Code, any applicable motor vehicle license tax levied under Chapter 4504. of the Revised Code, any applicable additional fee prescribed by section 4503.40 or 4503.42 of the Revised Code, an additional administrative fee of ten dollars, and a contribution as provided in division (C)(1) of this section; and compliance with all other applicable laws relating to the registration of motor vehicles. (C)(1) For each application for registration and registration renewal notice the registrar receives under this section, the registrar shall collect a contribution of fifteen dollars. The registrar shall transmit this contribution to the treasurer of state for deposit into the wildlife habitat fund created in section 1531.33 of the Revised Code. (2) The registrar shall deposit the administrative fee of ten dollars, the purpose of which is to compensate the bureau of motor vehicles for additional services required in the issuing of "Ohio Bullfrog" license plates, into the state treasury to the credit of the public safety - highway purposes fund created in section 4501.06 of the Revised Code.
Ohio Rev. Code § 4511.431 — Ohio Revised Code / Title 45 / Chapter 4511 / § 4511.431
§ 4511.431. Stop prior to driving on sidewalk area
Status: in_force

October 29, 2018 House Bill 95 - 132nd General Assembly (A) The driver of a vehicle or trackless trolley emerging from an alley, building, private road, or driveway within a business or residence district shall stop the vehicle or trackless trolley immediately prior to driving onto a sidewalk or onto the sidewalk area extending across the alley, building entrance, road, or driveway, or in the event there is no sidewalk area, shall stop at the point nearest the street to be entered where the driver has a view of approaching traffic thereon. (B) Except as otherwise provided in this division, whoever violates this section is guilty of a minor misdemeanor. If, within one year of the offense, the offender previously has been convicted of or pleaded guilty to one predicate motor vehicle or traffic offense, whoever violates this section is guilty of a misdemeanor of the fourth degree. If, within one year of the offense, the offender previously has been convicted of two or more predicate motor vehicle or traffic offenses, whoever violates this section is guilty of a misdemeanor of the third degree. If the offender commits the offense while distracted and the distracting activity is a contributing factor to the commission of the offense, the offender is subject to the additional fine established under section 4511.991 of the Revised Code.
Ohio Rev. Code § 4511.091 — Ohio Revised Code / Title 45 / Chapter 4511 / § 4511.091
§ 4511.091. Arrest or citation of driver based on radar, timing device or radio message from another officer
Status: in_force

June 30, 2025 House Bill 54 - 136th General Assembly (A) The driver of any motor vehicle that has been checked by radar, or by any electrical or mechanical timing device to determine the speed of the motor vehicle over a measured distance of a highway or a measured distance of a private road, and found to be in violation of any of the provisions of section 4511.21 or 4511.211 of the Revised Code, may be arrested until a warrant can be obtained, provided the arresting officer has observed the recording of the speed of the motor vehicle by the radio microwaves, electrical or mechanical timing device, or has received a radio message from the officer who observed the speed of the motor vehicle recorded by the radio microwaves, electrical or mechanical timing device; provided, in case of an arrest based on such a message, the radio message has been dispatched immediately after the speed of the motor vehicle was recorded and the arresting officer is furnished a description of the motor vehicle for proper identification and the recorded speed. (B) If the driver of a motor vehicle being driven on a public street or highway of this state is observed violating any provision of this chapter other than section 4511.21 or 4511.211 of the Revised Code by a law enforcement officer situated at any location, including in any type of airborne aircraft or airship, that law enforcement officer may send a radio message to another law enforcement officer, and the other law enforcement officer may arrest the driver of the motor vehicle until a warrant can be obtained or may issue the driver a citation for the violation; provided, if an arrest or citation is based on such a message, the radio message is dispatched immediately after the violation is observed and the law enforcement officer who observes the violation furnishes to the law enforcement officer who makes the arrest or issues the citation a description of the alleged violation and the motor vehicle for proper identification. (C)(1) No person shall be arrested, charged, or convicted of a violation of any provision of divisions (B) to (O) of section 4511.21 or section 4511.211 of the Revised Code or a substantially similar municipal ordinance based on a peace officer's unaided visual estimation of the speed of a motor vehicle, trackless trolley, or streetcar. This division does not do any of the following: (a) Preclude the use by a peace officer of a stopwatch, radar, laser, or other electrical, mechanical, or digital device to determine the speed of a motor vehicle; (b) Apply regarding any violation other than a violation of divisions (B) to (O) of section 4511.21 or section 4511.211 of the Revised Code or a substantially similar municipal ordinance; (c) Preclude a peace officer from testifying that the speed of operation of a motor vehicle, trackless trolley, or streetcar was at a speed greater or less than a speed described in division (A) of section 4511.21 of the Revised Code, the admission into evidence of such testimony, or preclude a conviction of a violation of that division based in whole or in part on such testimony. (2) As used in this division, "peace officer" has the same meaning as in section 2935.01 of the Revised Code. Last updated April 30, 2025 at 10:43 AM
Ohio Rev. Code § 4508.07 — Ohio Revised Code / Title 45 / Chapter 4508 / § 4508.07
§ 4508.07. Exceptions
Status: in_force

October 11, 2002 House Bill 407 - 124th General Assembly Sections 4508.01 to 4508.06 , inclusive, of the Revised Code, do not apply to any person giving driver training lessons without charge, to employers maintaining driver training schools without charge for their employees only, nor to schools or classes conducted by colleges and universities for regularly enrolled full time students as a part of a normal program for such institutions.
Ohio Rev. Code § 4510.52 — Ohio Revised Code / Title 45 / Chapter 4510 / § 4510.52
§ 4510.52. Registrar may destroy suspended or canceled license or permit
Status: in_force

January 1, 2004 Senate Bill 123 - 124th General Assembly (A) Upon the receipt of any driver's license or commercial driver's license or permit that has been suspended or canceled under any provision of law, and notwithstanding any other provision of law that requires the registrar of motor vehicles to retain the license or permit, the registrar may destroy the license or permit. (B) If, as authorized by division (A) of this section, the registrar destroys a license or permit that has been suspended or canceled, the registrar shall reissue or authorize the reissuance of a new license or permit to the person to whom the destroyed license or permit originally was issued upon payment of a fee in the same amount as the fee specified in division (C) of section 4507.23 of the Revised Code for a duplicate license or permit and upon payment of a service fee in the same amount as specified in division (D) of section 4503.10 of the Revised Code if issued by a deputy registrar or in division (G) of that section if issued by the registrar. This division applies only if the driver's license or commercial driver's license or permit that was destroyed would have been valid at the time the person applies for the duplicate license or permit. A duplicate driver's license or commercial driver's license or permit issued under this section shall bear the same expiration date that appeared on the license or permit it replaces.
Ohio Rev. Code § 4513.53 — Ohio Revised Code / Title 45 / Chapter 4513 / § 4513.53
§ 4513.53. Bus safety inspection staff
Status: in_force

July 1, 2017 House Bill 26 - 132nd General Assembly (A) The superintendent of the state highway patrol, with approval of the director of public safety, may appoint and maintain necessary staff to carry out the inspection of buses. (B) The superintendent of the state highway patrol shall adopt a distinctive annual safety inspection decal bearing the date of inspection. The state highway patrol may remove any decal from a bus that fails any inspection. (C) Bus inspection fees collected by the state highway patrol under section 4513.52 of the Revised Code shall be paid into the state treasury to the credit of the public safety - highway purposes fund created in section 4501.06 of the Revised Code.
Ohio Rev. Code § 4513.62 — Ohio Revised Code / Title 45 / Chapter 4513 / § 4513.62
§ 4513.62. Disposal of unclaimed vehicles ordered into storage
Status: in_force

October 24, 2024 Senate Bill 94 - 135th General Assembly An unclaimed motor vehicle ordered into storage pursuant to division (A)(1) of section 4513.60 or section 4513.61 of the Revised Code is subject to one of the following: (A) The sheriff of the county or the chief of a law enforcement agency of the municipal corporation, township, port authority, conservancy district, university campus police department, park district police force, or township or joint police district, or the department of natural resources may dispose of it with a motor vehicle salvage dealer or scrap metal processing facility as defined in section 4737.05 of the Revised Code, or with any other facility owned by or under contract with the county, municipal corporation, port authority, conservancy district, university campus, park district, township, or department for the disposal of such motor vehicles. (B) The sheriff, chief, department, or a licensed auctioneer may sell the motor vehicle at public auction, after giving notice thereof by advertisement, published once a week for two successive weeks in a newspaper of general circulation in the county or as provided in section 7.16 of the Revised Code. (C) A towing service or storage facility may obtain title to the motor vehicle in accordance with section 4505.104 of the Revised Code. (D)(1) Except as provided in division (D)(2) of this section, money accrued pursuant to division (A) or (B) of this section that are in excess of the expenses resulting from the removal and storage of the vehicle shall be credited to the general fund of the county, municipal corporation, port authority, township, conservancy district, university campus, park district, or joint police district, as the case may be. (2) Any money accrued by the department of natural resources pursuant to division (A) or (B) of this section that is in excess of the expenses resulting from the removal and storage of the vehicle shall be credited as follows: (a) To the wildlife fund created under section 1531.17 of the Revised Code if the unclaimed motor vehicle was removed from property under the control or jurisdiction of the division of wildlife; (b) To the state park fund created under section 1546.21 of the Revised Code if the unclaimed motor vehicle was removed from property under the control or jurisdiction of the department of natural resources other than property under the control or jurisdiction of the division of wildlife. Last updated August 27, 2024 at 3:20 PM
Ohio Rev. Code § 4510.161 — Ohio Revised Code / Title 45 / Chapter 4510 / § 4510.161
§ 4510.161. Additional sanctions for violations of municipal ordinance substantially similar to driving under suspension
Status: in_force

September 28, 2012 Senate Bill 337 - 129th General Assembly (A) The requirements and sanctions imposed by divisions (B) and (C) of this section are an adjunct to and derive from the state's exclusive authority over the registration and titling of motor vehicles and do not comprise a part of the criminal sentence to be imposed upon a person who violates a municipal ordinance that is substantially equivalent to section 4510.14 of the Revised Code. (B) If a person is convicted of or pleads guilty to a violation of a municipal ordinance that is substantially equivalent to section 4510.14 of the Revised Code, the court, in addition to and independent of any sentence that it imposes upon the offender for the offense, if the vehicle the offender was operating at the time of the offense is registered in the offender's name, shall do whichever of the following is applicable: (1) If, within six years of the current offense, the offender has not been convicted of or pleaded guilty to a violation of section 4510.14 or former division (D)(2) of section 4507.02 of the Revised Code or a municipal ordinance that is substantially equivalent to that section or former division, the court shall order the immobilization for thirty days of the vehicle involved in the offense and the impoundment for thirty days of the license plates of that vehicle in accordance with section 4503.233 of the Revised Code. (2) If, within six years of the current offense, the offender has been convicted of or pleaded guilty to one violation of section 4510.14 or former division (D)(2) of section 4507.02 of the Revised Code or a municipal ordinance that is substantially equivalent to that section or former division, the court shall order the immobilization for sixty days of the vehicle involved in the offense and the impoundment for sixty days of the license plates of that vehicle in accordance with section 4503.233 of the Revised Code. (3) If, within six years of the current offense, the offender has been convicted of or pleaded guilty to two or more violations of section 4510.14 or former division (D)(2) of section 4507.02 of the Revised Code or a municipal ordinance that is substantially equivalent to that section or former division, the court shall order the criminal forfeiture to the state of the vehicle the offender was operating at the time of the offense. (C) An order for immobilization and impoundment of a vehicle under this section shall be issued and enforced in accordance with sections 4503.233 and 4507.02 of the Revised Code, as applicable. The court shall not release a vehicle from immobilization ordered under this section unless the court is presented with current proof of financial responsibility with respect to that vehicle. (D) An order for criminal forfeiture of a vehicle under this section shall be issued and enforced under section 4503.234 of the Revised Code. Upon receipt of a copy of the order from the court, neither the registrar of motor vehicles nor a deputy registrar shall accept any application for the registration or transfer of registration of any motor vehicle owned or leased by the person named in the declaration of forfeiture. The period of registration denial shall be five years after the date of the order unless, during that period, the court having jurisdiction of the offense that led to the order terminates the forfeiture and notifies the registrar of the termination. The registrar then shall take the necessary measures to permit the person to register a vehicle owned or leased by the person or to transfer registration of the vehicle.
Ohio Rev. Code § 4503.545 — Ohio Revised Code / Title 45 / Chapter 4503 / § 4503.545
§ 4503.545. National rifle association foundation license plates
Status: in_force

July 1, 2017 House Bill 26 - 132nd General Assembly (A) The owner or lessee of any passenger car, noncommercial motor vehicle, recreational vehicle, or other vehicle of a class approved by the registrar of motor vehicles may apply to the registrar for the registration of the vehicle and issuance of national rifle association foundation license plates. The application for national rifle association foundation license plates may be combined with a request for a special reserved license plate under section 4503.40 or 4503.42 of the Revised Code. Upon receipt of the completed application and compliance with division (B) of this section, the registrar shall issue to the applicant the appropriate vehicle registration and a set of national rifle association foundation license plates with a validation sticker, or a validation sticker alone when required by section 4503.191 of the Revised Code. In addition to the letters and numbers ordinarily inscribed on license plates, national rifle association foundation license plates shall be inscribed with identifying words or markings designed by the national rifle association foundation and approved by the registrar. National rifle association foundation license plates shall bear county identification stickers that identify the county of registration as required under section 4503.19 of the Revised Code. (B) National rifle association foundation license plates and a validation sticker or, when applicable, a validation sticker alone shall be issued upon submission by the applicant of an application for registration of a motor vehicle under this section and a contribution as provided in division (C) of this section, payment of the regular license tax as prescribed in section 4503.04 of the Revised Code, any applicable motor vehicle tax levied under Chapter 4504. of the Revised Code, any applicable additional fee prescribed by section 4503.40 or 4503.42 of the Revised Code, and an additional fee of ten dollars, and compliance by the applicant with all other applicable laws relating to the registration of motor vehicles. (C) For each application for registration and registration renewal that the registrar receives under this section, the registrar shall collect a contribution of fifteen dollars. The registrar shall transmit this contribution to the treasurer of state for deposit in the license plate contribution fund created in section 4501.21 of the Revised Code. The additional fee of ten dollars described in division (B) of this section shall be for the purpose of compensating the bureau of motor vehicles for additional services in issuing license plates under this section. The registrar shall transmit this fee to the treasurer of state for deposit into the state treasury to the credit of the public safety - highway purposes fund created by section 4501.06 of the Revised Code.
Ohio Rev. Code § 4503.33 — Ohio Revised Code / Title 45 / Chapter 4503 / § 4503.33
§ 4503.33. In transit permits required
Status: in_force

October 3, 2023 House Bill 33 - 135th General Assembly A person, firm, or corporation engaged in this state as a drive-away operator or trailer transporter or both in the business of transporting and delivering, by means of the full mount method, the saddle mount method, the tow bar method, tow-away method, or any combination thereof, or under their own power, new motor vehicles from the manufacturer or any other point of origin to any point of destination, or used motor vehicles from any individual, firm, or corporation to any point of destination, or both, shall apply to the registrar of motor vehicles for an "in transit" permit. This application shall be accompanied by a registration fee of fifty dollars, and shall show such information as is considered necessary by the registrar. Upon the filing of the application and the payment of the annual fee and appropriate postage as required by the registrar, the registrar shall issue to each permittee a certificate of registration bearing a distinctive number or designation of the registration and one license plate bearing a corresponding number or designation. The license plate shall be carried and displayed by each such motor vehicle in like manner as provided by law for other motor vehicles while operated upon a public highway in transit from the manufacturer or any other point of origin to any point of destination. A permittee may procure a reasonable number of additional registration certificates upon the payment of a fee of three dollars and postage. With each such additional registration certificate the registrar shall furnish one license plate with the same numbering or designation provided in the original registration certificate, and the registrar may add thereto such special designation as may be necessary to distinguish one license plate from another. No person required to register an apportionable vehicle under the international registration plan shall apply for or receive a license plate for that vehicle under this section. Last updated August 29, 2023 at 9:17 AM
Ohio Rev. Code § 4503.72 — Ohio Revised Code / Title 45 / Chapter 4503 / § 4503.72
§ 4503.72. Court-appointed special advocate/guardian ad litem license plates
Status: in_force

July 1, 2017 House Bill 26 - 132nd General Assembly (A) The owner or lessee of any passenger car, noncommercial motor vehicle, recreational vehicle, or other vehicle of a class approved by the registrar of motor vehicles may apply to the registrar for the registration of the vehicle and issuance of Ohio court-appointed special advocate/guardian ad litem license plates. The application for Ohio court-appointed special advocate/guardian ad litem license plates may be combined with a request for a special reserved license plate under section 4503.40 or 4503.42 of the Revised Code. Upon receipt of the completed application and compliance with division (B) of this section, the registrar shall issue to the applicant the appropriate vehicle registration and a set of Ohio court-appointed special advocate/guardian ad litem license plates with a validation sticker or a validation sticker alone when required by section 4503.191 of the Revised Code. In addition to the letters and numbers ordinarily inscribed thereon, Ohio court-appointed special advocate/guardian ad litem license plates shall be inscribed with identifying words or markings designed by the board of directors of the Ohio CASA/GAL association and approved by the registrar. Ohio court-appointed special advocate/guardian ad litem license plates shall bear county identification stickers that identify the county of registration as required under section 4503.19 of the Revised Code. (B) The Ohio court-appointed special advocate/guardian ad litem license plates and validation sticker shall be issued upon receipt of a contribution as provided in division (C) of this section and upon payment of the regular license tax as prescribed under section 4503.04 of the Revised Code, a fee of ten dollars for the purpose of compensating the bureau of motor vehicles for additional services required in the issuing of the Ohio court-appointed special advocate/guardian ad litem license plates, any applicable motor vehicle tax levied under Chapter 4504. of the Revised Code, and compliance with all other applicable laws relating to the registration of motor vehicles. If the application for Ohio court-appointed special advocate/guardian ad litem license plates is combined with a request for a special reserved license plate under section 4503.40 or 4503.42 of the Revised Code, the license plate and validation sticker shall be issued upon payment of the contribution, fees, and taxes contained in this division and the additional fee prescribed under section 4503.40 or 4503.42 of the Revised Code. (C) For each application for registration and registration renewal the registrar receives under this section, the registrar shall collect a contribution in an amount not to exceed forty dollars as determined by the board of directors of the Ohio CASA/GAL association. The registrar shall transmit this contribution to the treasurer of state for deposit in the license plate contribution fund created in section 4501.21 of the Revised Code. The registrar shall deposit the additional fee of ten dollars specified in division (B) of this section that the applicant for registration voluntarily pays for the purpose of compensating the bureau for the additional services required in the issuing of the applicant's Ohio court-appointed special advocate/guardian ad litem license plates in the public safety - highway purposes fund created in section 4501.06 of the Revised Code.
Ohio Rev. Code § 4517.60 — Ohio Revised Code / Title 45 / Chapter 4517 / § 4517.60
§ 4517.60. Indemnification and holding harmless of franchisee
Status: in_force

September 30, 2025 House Bill 96 - 136th General Assembly Notwithstanding the terms, conditions, or provisions of any franchise, or the date such franchise was executed, each franchisor shall indemnify and hold harmless its franchisees against any losses, including, but not limited to, court costs and attorney fees reasonably incurred, or damages arising out of complaints, claims, or suits, whether or not meritorious, relating in whole or in part to claims under section 1345.72 of the Revised Code, or to the manufacture, assembly, or design of motor vehicles, parts, or accessories, to damage corrected by the franchisor prior to receipt of a motor vehicle by the franchisee, or relating to other functions of the franchisor beyond the control of the franchisee, including, but not limited to, the selection by the franchisor of parts or components for the motor vehicle, the franchisor's designation of features or equipment as optional, and any damage to merchandise occurring in transit to the franchisee where the carrier is designated by the franchisor. The franchisee shall give notice to the franchisor within twenty-eight days of service of summons on the franchisee of pending suits in which allegations are made that come within this section and shall cooperate with the franchisor in the defense of such suits. Last updated July 21, 2025 at 11:42 AM
Ohio Rev. Code § 4519.01 — Ohio Revised Code / Title 45 / Chapter 4519 / § 4519.01
§ 4519.01. Special vehicle definitions
Status: in_force

June 30, 2017 House Bill 26 - 132nd General Assembly As used in this chapter: (A) "Snowmobile" means any self-propelled vehicle designed primarily for use on snow or ice, and steered by skis, runners, or caterpillar treads. (B) "All-purpose vehicle" means any self-propelled vehicle designed primarily for cross-country travel on land and water, or on more than one type of terrain, and steered by wheels or caterpillar treads, or any combination thereof, including vehicles that operate on a cushion of air, vehicles commonly known as all-terrain vehicles, all-season vehicles, mini-bikes, and trail bikes. "All-purpose vehicle" does not include a utility vehicle as defined in section 4501.01 of the Revised Code or any vehicle principally used in playing golf, any motor vehicle or aircraft required to be registered under Chapter 4503. or 4561. of the Revised Code, and any vehicle excepted from definition as a motor vehicle by division (B) of section 4501.01 of the Revised Code. (C) "Owner" means any person or firm, other than a lienholder or dealer, having title to a snowmobile, off-highway motorcycle, or all-purpose vehicle, or other right to the possession thereof. (D) "Operator" means any person who operates or is in actual physical control of a snowmobile, off-highway motorcycle, or all-purpose vehicle. (E) "Dealer" means any person or firm engaged in the business of manufacturing or selling snowmobiles, off-highway motorcycles, or all-purpose vehicles at wholesale or retail, or who rents, leases, or otherwise furnishes snowmobiles, off-highway motorcycles, or all-purpose vehicles for hire. (F) "Street or highway" has the same meaning as in section 4511.01 of the Revised Code. (G) "Limited access highway" and "freeway" have the same meanings as in section 5511.02 of the Revised Code. (H) "Interstate highway" means any part of the interstate system of highways as defined in subsection (e), 90 Stat. 431 (1976), 23 U.S.C.A. 103, as amended. (I) "Off-highway motorcycle" means every motorcycle, as defined in section 4511.01 of the Revised Code, that is designed to be operated primarily on lands other than a street or highway. (J) "Electronic" and "electronic record" have the same meanings as in section 4501.01 of the Revised Code. (K) "Electronic dealer" means a dealer whom the registrar of motor vehicles designates under section 4519.511 of the Revised Code. (L) "Mini-truck" means a vehicle that has four wheels, is propelled by an electric motor with a rated power of seven thousand five hundred watts or less or an internal combustion engine with a piston displacement capacity of six hundred sixty cubic centimeters or less, has a total dry weight of nine hundred to two thousand two hundred pounds, contains an enclosed cabin and a seat for the vehicle operator, resembles a pickup truck or van with a cargo area or bed located at the rear of the vehicle, and was not originally manufactured to meet federal motor vehicle safety standards. (M) "State highway" and "state route" have the same meanings as in section 4511.01 of the Revised Code. (N) "Proof of financial responsibility" has the same meaning as in section 4509.01 of the Revised Code.
Ohio Rev. Code § 4511.204 — Ohio Revised Code / Title 45 / Chapter 4511 / § 4511.204
§ 4511.204. Driving while texting
Status: in_force

June 30, 2025 House Bill 54 - 136th General Assembly (A) No person shall operate a motor vehicle, trackless trolley, or streetcar on any street, highway, or property open to the public for vehicular traffic while using, holding, or physically supporting with any part of the person's body an electronic wireless communications device. (B) Division (A) of this section does not apply to any of the following: (1) A person using an electronic wireless communications device to make contact, for emergency purposes, with a law enforcement agency, hospital or health care provider, fire department, or other similar emergency agency or entity; (2) A person driving a public safety vehicle while using an electronic wireless communications device in the course of the person's duties; (3) A person using an electronic wireless communications device when the person's motor vehicle is in a stationary position and is outside a lane of travel, at a highway traffic signal that is currently directing traffic to stop, or parked on a road or highway due to an emergency or road closure; (4) A person using and holding an electronic wireless communications device directly near the person's ear for the purpose of making, receiving, or conducting a telephone call, provided that the person does not manually enter letters, numbers, or symbols into the device; (5) A person receiving wireless messages on an electronic wireless communications device regarding the operation or navigation of a motor vehicle; safety-related information, including emergency, traffic, or weather alerts; or data used primarily by the motor vehicle, provided that the person does not hold or support the device with any part of the person's body; (6) A person using the speaker phone function of the electronic wireless communications device, provided that the person does not hold or support the device with any part of the person's body; (7) A person using an electronic wireless communications device for navigation purposes, provided that the person does not do either of the following during the use: (a) Manually enter letters, numbers, or symbols into the device; (b) Hold or support the device with any part of the person's body. (8) A person using a feature or function of the electronic wireless communications device with a single touch or single swipe, provided that the person does not do either of the following during the use: (a) Manually enter letters, numbers, or symbols into the device; (b) Hold or support the device with any part of the person's body. (9) A person operating a commercial truck while using a mobile data terminal that transmits and receives data; (10) A person operating a utility service vehicle or a vehicle for or on behalf of a utility, if the person is acting in response to an emergency, power outage, or circumstance that affects the health or safety of individuals; (11) A person using an electronic wireless communications device in conjunction with a voice-operated or hands-free feature or function of the vehicle or of the device without the use of either hand except to activate, deactivate, or initiate the feature or function with a single touch or swipe, provided the person does not hold or support the device with any part of the person's body; (12) A person using technology that physically or electronically integrates the device into the motor vehicle, provided that the person does not do either of the following during the use: (a) Manually enter letters, numbers, or symbols into the device; (b) Hold or support the device with any part of the person's body. (13) A person storing an electronic wireless communications device in a holster, harness, or article of clothing on the person's body. (C)(1) On January 31 of each year, the department of public safety shall issue a report to the general assembly that specifies the number of citations issued for violations of this section during the previous calendar year. (2) If a law enforcement officer issues an offender a ticket, citation, or summons for a violation of division (A) of this section, the officer shall do both of the following: (a) Report the issuance of the ticket, citation, or summons to the officer's law enforcement agency; (b) Ensure that such report indicates the offender's race. (D) Whoever violates division (A) of this section is guilty of operating a motor vehicle while using an electronic wireless communication device, an unclassified misdemeanor, and shall be punished as provided in divisions (D)(1) to (5) of this section. (1) The offender shall be fined, and is subject to a suspension of the offender's driver's license, commercial driver's license, temporary instruction permit, probationary license, or nonresident operating privilege, as follows: (a) Except as provided in divisions (D)(1)(b), (c), (d), and (2) of this section, the court shall impose upon the offender a fine of not more than one hundred fifty dollars. (b) If, within two years of the violation, the offender has been convicted of or pleaded guilty to one prior violation of this section or a substantially equivalent municipal ordinance, the court shall impose upon the offender a fine of not more than two hundred fifty dollars. (c) If, within two years of the violation, the offender has been convicted of or pleaded guilty to two or more prior violations of this section or a substantially equivalent municipal ordinance, the court shall impose upon the offender a fine of not more than five hundred dollars. The court also may impose a suspension of the offender's driver's license, commercial driver's license, temporary instruction permit, probationary license, or nonresident operating privilege for ninety days. (d) Notwithstanding divisions (D)(1)(a) to (c) of this section, if the offender was operating the motor vehicle at the time of the violation in a construction zone where a sign was posted in accordance with section 4511.98 of the Revised Code, the court, in addition to all other penalties provided by law, shall impose upon the offender a fine of two times the amount imposed for the violation under division (D)(1)(a), (b), or (c) of this section, as applicable. (2) If the offender is in the category of offenders to whom division (D)(1)(a) of this section applies, in lieu of payment of the fine of one hundred fifty dollars under division (D)(1)(a) of this section and the assessment of points under division (D)(4) of this section, the offender instead may elect to attend the distracted driving safety course, as described in section 4511.991 of the Revised Code. If the offender attends and successfully completes the course, the offender shall be issued written evidence that the offender successfully completed the course. The offender shall not be required to pay the fine and shall not have the points assessed against that offender's driver's license if the offender submits the written evidence to the court within 90 days of the violation of division (A) of this section. However, successful completion of the course does not result in a dismissal of the charges for the violation, and the violation is a prior offense under divisions (D)(1)(b) and (c) of this section if the offender commits a subsequent violation or violations of division (A) of this section within two years of the offense for which the course was completed. This division does not apply with respect to any offender in the category of offenders to whom division (D)(1)(b), (c), or (d) of this section applies. (3) The court may impose any other penalty authorized under sections 2929.21 to 2929.28 of the Revised Code. However, the court shall not impose a fine or a suspension not otherwise specified in division (D)(1) of this section. The court also shall not impose a jail term or community residential sanction. (4) Except as provided in division (D)(2) of this section, points shall be assessed for a violation of division (A) of this section in accordance with section 4510.036 of the Revised Code. (5) The offense established under this section is a strict liability offense and section 2901.20 of the Revised Code does not apply. The designation of this offense as a strict liability offense shall not be construed to imply that any other offense, for which there is no specified degree of culpability, is not a strict liability offense. (E) This section shall not be construed as invalidating, preempting, or superseding a substantially equivalent municipal ordinance that prescribes penalties for violations of that ordinance that are greater than the penalties prescribed in this section for violations of this section. (F) A prosecution for an offense in violation of this section does not preclude a prosecution for an offense in violation of a substantially equivalent municipal ordinance based on the same conduct. However, the two offenses are allied offenses of similar import under section 2941.25 of the Revised Code. (G)(1) A law enforcement officer does not have probable cause and shall not stop the operator of a motor vehicle for purposes of enforcing this section unless the officer visually observes the operator using, holding, or physically supporting with any part of the person's body the electronic wireless communications device. (2) A law enforcement officer who stops the operator of a motor vehicle, trackless trolley, or streetcar for a violation of division (A) of this section shall inform the operator that the operator may decline a search of the operator's electronic wireless communications device. The officer shall not do any of the following: (a) Access the device without a warrant, unless the operator voluntarily and unequivocally gives consent for the officer to access the device; (b) Confiscate the device while awaiting the issuance of a warrant to access the device; (c) Obtain consent from the operator to access the device through coercion or any other improper means. Any consent by the operator to access the device shall be voluntary and unequivocal before the officer may access the device without a warrant. (H) As used in this section: (1) "Electronic wireless communications device" includes any of the following: (a) A wireless telephone; (b) A text-messaging device; (c) A personal digital assistant; (d) A computer, including a laptop computer and a computer tablet; (e) Any device capable of displaying a video, movie, broadcast television image, or visual image; (f) Any other substantially similar wireless device that is designed or used to communicate text, initiate or receive communication, or exchange information or data. An "electronic wireless communications device" does not include a two-way radio transmitter or receiver used by a person who is licensed by the federal communications commission to participate in the amateur radio service. (2) "Voice-operated or hands-free feature or function" means a feature or function that allows a person to use an electronic wireless communications device without the use of either hand, except to activate, deactivate, or initiate the feature or function with a single touch or single swipe. (3) "Utility" means an entity specified in division (A), (C), (D), (E), or (G) of section 4905.03 of the Revised Code. (4) "Utility service vehicle" means a vehicle owned or operated by a utility. Last updated April 30, 2025 at 10:50 AM
Ohio Rev. Code § 4511.29 — Ohio Revised Code / Title 45 / Chapter 4511 / § 4511.29
§ 4511.29. Driving to left of center of roadway in overtaking and passing traffic proceeding in same direction
Status: in_force

October 29, 2018 House Bill 95 - 132nd General Assembly (A) No vehicle or trackless trolley shall be driven to the left of the center of the roadway in overtaking and passing traffic proceeding in the same direction, unless such left side is clearly visible and is free of oncoming traffic for a sufficient distance ahead to permit such overtaking and passing to be completely made, without interfering with the safe operation of any traffic approaching from the opposite direction or any traffic overtaken. In every event the overtaking vehicle or trackless trolley must return to an authorized lane of travel as soon as practicable and in the event the passing movement involves the use of a lane authorized for traffic approaching from the opposite direction, before coming within two hundred feet of any approaching vehicle. (B) Except as otherwise provided in this division, whoever violates this section is guilty of a minor misdemeanor. If, within one year of the offense, the offender previously has been convicted of or pleaded guilty to one predicate motor vehicle or traffic offense, whoever violates this section is guilty of a misdemeanor of the fourth degree. If, within one year of the offense, the offender previously has been convicted of two or more predicate motor vehicle or traffic offenses, whoever violates this section is guilty of a misdemeanor of the third degree. If the offender commits the offense while distracted and the distracting activity is a contributing factor to the commission of the offense, the offender is subject to the additional fine established under section 4511.991 of the Revised Code.
Ohio Rev. Code § 4582.39 — Ohio Revised Code / Title 45 / Chapter 4582 / § 4582.39
§ 4582.39. Budget - surplus rent and charges
Status: in_force

July 9, 1982 House Bill 439 - 114th General Assembly The board of directors of a port authority created in accordance with section 4582.22 of the Revised Code shall annually prepare a budget for the port authority. Rents and charges received by the port authority shall be used for the general expenses of the port authority and to pay interest, amortization, and retirement charges on money borrowed. If there remains, at the end of any calendar year, any surplus of such funds after providing for the above uses, the board of directors may pay such surplus into the general funds of the political subdivisions creating and comprising the port authority in proportion to the taxable value of all property within the port authority which shall be listed on the general tax lists for the respective subdivisions.
Ohio Rev. Code § 4508.09 — Ohio Revised Code / Title 45 / Chapter 4508 / § 4508.09
§ 4508.09. Lead school district - application for driver training school license
Status: in_force

June 21, 2000 Senate Bill 237 - 123rd General Assembly (A) A lead school district may apply for a driver training school license for the purpose of providing instruction and training to individuals other than regularly enrolled, full-time high school students in the operation of trucks, commercial cars, and commercial tractors, trailers, and semi-trailers. Except as provided in division (B) of this section, upon the district's compliance with all provisions that govern the issuance of a license to a driver training school to offer instruction and training in the operation of trucks, commercial cars, and commercial tractors, trailers, and semi-trailers, the director of public safety shall issue a license to the district in the form and manner the director prescribes. Upon the issuance of the license, the district may offer instruction and training in the operation of trucks, commercial cars, and commercial tractors, trailers, and semi-trailers and may charge and retain a fee for that instruction and training. (B) The director shall issue a new license to a lead school district under division (A) of this section if the district complies with all provisions that govern the issuance of a license to a driver training school to offer instruction and training in the operation of trucks, commercial cars, and commercial tractors, trailers, and semi-trailers other than any provision of a rule requiring insurance coverage. If a district complies with all provisions governing the issuance of a license other than the insurance coverage provisions, the director shall issue the new license on the condition that the district obtain the required insurance coverage and submit proof of the insurance coverage to the director not later than sixty days after the date of issuance of the license.
Ohio Rev. Code § 4509.50 — Ohio Revised Code / Title 45 / Chapter 4509 / § 4509.50
§ 4509.50. Requirements may be met by one or more policies
Status: in_force

October 1, 1953 House Bill 1 - 100th General Assembly The requirements for a motor-vehicle liability policy may be fulfilled by the policies of one or more insurance carriers which policies together meet such requirements.
Ohio Rev. Code § 4507.214 — Ohio Revised Code / Title 45 / Chapter 4507 / § 4507.214
§ 4507.214. Summary page for hands free law
Status: in_force

April 4, 2023 Senate Bill 288 - 134th General Assembly (A) The registrar of motor vehicles or deputy registrar shall provide each applicant for a temporary instruction permit, driver's license, commercial driver's license, motorized bicycle license, motorcycle operator's license, or the renewal thereof, a one-page summary of Ohio's laws governing the use of an electronic wireless communications device while operating a motor vehicle. The summary shall explain the prohibition, the exemptions, and the penalties set forth in section 4511.204 of the Revised Code. (B) Upon receiving the summary described in division (A) of this section, the applicant shall sign a statement acknowledging receipt of the summary, either manually or by electronic signature. (C) The registrar shall prescribe the form of the summary and the manner in which the summary is presented to the applicant. The summary shall be designed to enable the applicant to retain either a physical or electronic copy of it. (D) Nothing within this section shall be construed to excuse a violation of section 4511.204 of the Revised Code. Last updated March 10, 2023 at 3:00 PM
Ohio Rev. Code § 4503.533 — Ohio Revised Code / Title 45 / Chapter 4503 / § 4503.533
§ 4503.533. Ohio Conference of Teamsters license plates
Status: in_force

April 6, 2023 House Bill 578 - 134th General Assembly (A) The owner or lessee of any passenger car, noncommercial motor vehicle, recreational vehicle, or other vehicle of a class approved by the registrar of motor vehicles may apply to the registrar for the registration of the vehicle and issuance of "Ohio Conference of Teamsters" license plates. The application may be combined with a request for a special reserved license plate under section 4503.40 or 4503.42 of the Revised Code. Upon receipt of the completed application and compliance by the applicant with divisions (B) and (C) of this section, the registrar shall issue to the applicant the appropriate vehicle registration and a set of "Ohio Conference of Teamsters" license plates and a validation sticker, or a validation sticker alone when required by section 4503.191 of the Revised Code. In addition to the letters and numbers ordinarily inscribed on the license plates, "Ohio Conference of Teamsters" license plates shall display an appropriate logo and words that are selected by representatives of the Ohio conference of teamsters and industry health and welfare fund and approved by the registrar. "Ohio Conference of Teamsters" license plates shall display county identification stickers that identify the county of registration as required under section 4503.19 of the Revised Code. (B) "Ohio Conference of Teamsters" license plates and a validation sticker, or validation sticker alone, shall be issued upon receipt of an application for registration of a motor vehicle under this section; payment of the regular license tax as prescribed under section 4503.04 of the Revised Code, any applicable motor vehicle license tax levied under Chapter 4504. of the Revised Code, any applicable additional fee prescribed by section 4503.40 or 4503.42 of the Revised Code, an additional administrative fee of ten dollars, and a contribution as provided in division (C)(1) of this section; and compliance with all other applicable laws relating to the registration of motor vehicles. (C)(1) For each application for registration and registration renewal notice the registrar receives under this section, the registrar shall collect a contribution of twenty dollars. The registrar shall deposit this contribution into the state treasury to the credit of the license plate contribution fund created in section 4501.21 of the Revised Code. (2) The registrar shall deposit the administrative fee of ten dollars, the purpose of which is to compensate the bureau of motor vehicles for additional services required in the issuing of "Ohio Conference of Teamsters" license plates, into the state treasury to the credit of the public safety - highway purposes fund created in section 4501.06 of the Revised Code. Last updated February 27, 2023 at 12:30 PM
Ohio Rev. Code § 4582.28 — Ohio Revised Code / Title 45 / Chapter 4582 / § 4582.28
§ 4582.28. Port authority employees
Status: in_force

May 17, 2000 Senate Bill 137 - 123rd General Assembly (A) A port authority created in accordance with section 4582.22 of the Revised Code shall employ and fix the qualifications, duties, and compensation of any employees and enter into contracts for any professional services it may require to conduct the business of the port authority and may appoint an advisory board, which shall serve without compensation. Any employee may be suspended or dismissed, and any contract for professional services may be terminated at any time by the port authority. (B) A port authority may provide for the administration and enforcement of the laws of the state by employing special police officers, and may seek the assistance of other appropriate law enforcement officers to enforce its rules and maintain order. (C) Special police officers employed by a port authority shall serve as a police force with respect to the property, grounds, buildings, equipment, and facilities under the control of the port authority, to prevent hijacking of aircraft or watercraft, protect the property of the authority and the property of others located thereon, suppress nuisances and disturbances and breaches of the peace, and enforce laws and the rules of the port authority for the preservation of good order. In performing their duties, special police officers are vested with the same powers of arrest as police officers under section 2935.03 of the Revised Code. Any person employed as a special police officer by a port authority is a "public employee" as defined in section 145.01 of the Revised Code and is not a "member of a police department" as defined in section 742.01 of the Revised Code.
Ohio Rev. Code § 4511.39 — Ohio Revised Code / Title 45 / Chapter 4511 / § 4511.39
§ 4511.39. Turn and stop signals
Status: in_force

October 29, 2018 House Bill 250, House Bill 95 - 132nd General Assembly (A) No person shall turn a vehicle or trackless trolley or move right or left upon a highway unless and until such person has exercised due care to ascertain that the movement can be made with reasonable safety nor without giving an appropriate signal in the manner hereinafter provided. When required, a signal of intention to turn or move right or left shall be given continuously during not less than the last one hundred feet traveled by the vehicle or trackless trolley before turning, except that in the case of a person operating a bicycle or electric bicycle, the signal shall be made not less than one time but is not required to be continuous. A bicycle or electric bicycle operator is not required to make a signal if the bicycle or electric bicycle is in a designated turn lane, and a signal shall not be given when the operator's hands are needed for the safe operation of the bicycle or electric bicycle. No person shall stop or suddenly decrease the speed of a vehicle or trackless trolley without first giving an appropriate signal in the manner provided herein to the driver of any vehicle or trackless trolley immediately to the rear when there is opportunity to give a signal. Any stop or turn signal required by this section shall be given either by means of the hand and arm, or by signal lights that clearly indicate to both approaching and following traffic intention to turn or move right or left, except that any motor vehicle in use on a highway shall be equipped with, and the required signal shall be given by, signal lights when the distance from the center of the top of the steering post to the left outside limit of the body, cab, or load of such motor vehicle exceeds twenty-four inches, or when the distance from the center of the top of the steering post to the rear limit of the body or load thereof exceeds fourteen feet, whether a single vehicle or a combination of vehicles. The signal lights required by this section shall not be flashed on one side only on a disabled vehicle or trackless trolley, flashed as a courtesy or "do pass" signal to operators of other vehicles or trackless trolleys approaching from the rear, nor be flashed on one side only of a parked vehicle or trackless trolley except as may be necessary for compliance with this section. (B) Except as otherwise provided in this division, whoever violates this section is guilty of a minor misdemeanor. If, within one year of the offense, the offender previously has been convicted of or pleaded guilty to one predicate motor vehicle or traffic offense, whoever violates this section is guilty of a misdemeanor of the fourth degree. If, within one year of the offense, the offender previously has been convicted of two or more predicate motor vehicle or traffic offenses, whoever violates this section is guilty of a misdemeanor of the third degree. If the offender commits the offense while distracted and the distracting activity is a contributing factor to the commission of the offense, the offender is subject to the additional fine established under section 4511.991 of the Revised Code. The Legislative Service Commission presents the text of this section as a composite of the section as amended by multiple acts of the General Assembly. This presentation recognizes the principle stated in R.C. 1.52(B) that amendments are to be harmonized if reasonably capable of simultaneous operation.
Ohio Rev. Code § 4509.39 — Ohio Revised Code / Title 45 / Chapter 4509 / § 4509.39
§ 4509.39. No suspension when insurer obligated
Status: in_force

October 1, 1953 House Bill 1 - 100th General Assembly No license, registration, or nonresident's operating privilege shall be suspended for nonpayment of a judgment under sections 4509.01 to 4509.78 , inclusive, of the Revised Code, if the registrar of motor vehicles finds that an insurer is obligated to pay such judgment, at least to the extent and for the amounts required in such sections, but has not paid such judgment. A finding by the registrar that an insurer is obligated to pay a judgment is not binding upon the insurer and has no legal effect except for the purpose of administering this section. Whenever in any judicial proceeding it is determined by final judgment, decree, or order that an insurer is not obligated to pay such judgment, the registrar, notwithstanding any previous contrary finding, shall forthwith suspend the license and registration and nonresident's operating privilege of any person against whom such judgment was rendered, as provided in section 4509.37 of the Revised Code.
Ohio Rev. Code § 4503.81 — Ohio Revised Code / Title 45 / Chapter 4503 / § 4503.81
§ 4503.81. Registrar to administrate program - renunciation of participation in program
Status: in_force

June 11, 2012 House Bill 487 - 129th General Assembly As used in the bus taxation proration and reciprocity agreement authorized by section 4503.80 of the Revised Code, with reference to Ohio, "administrator" means the registrar of motor vehicles. The registrar may make such exemptions from the coverage of the agreement as may be appropriate and may make such changes in methods for the reporting of any information required to be furnished to this state pursuant to the agreement as, in the registrar's judgment, are suitable; provided that any such exemptions or changes shall not be contrary to the purposes set forth in article I of the agreement and shall be made in order to permit the continuance of uniformity of practice among the contracting states with respect to buses. Any such exemption or change shall be made by rule adopted under Chapter 119. of the Revised Code. Unless otherwise provided in any statute withdrawing this state from participation in the agreement, the governor shall be the officer to give notice of withdrawal therefrom. The fees referred to in article IV (a) of the agreement shall include the fees provided in section 4503.04 of the Revised Code and the annual tax provided in section 4921.19 of the Revised Code. As to the state of Ohio, article V (d) shall mean that all fleets not subject to this compact shall continue to enjoy that reciprocity and those privileges extended by virtue of other provisions of the Revised Code. Nothing contained herein shall be construed so as to permit a fleet which is prorating under the laws of another state to avoid proration under this compact. The registrar of motor vehicles shall collect a fee of two dollars per bus for every bus registered under the provisions of article IV (a) for administration of the agreement, in addition to the fees provided in article IV (a). The registrar of motor vehicles shall assess the operator of buses registered under the provisions of article IV (a) the actual cost of the registrar's auditing the accuracy of the fees paid by the operator in accordance with article IV (a). The registrar of motor vehicles may renounce the participation of this state in the bus taxation proration and reciprocity agreement under article VI of section 4503.80 of the Revised Code, after finding that further participation in the compact is not in the best interests of the state. The registrar shall set forth the registrar's reasons in writing and serve notice of intention to renounce the compact upon the owner of each registered fleet. The registrar shall then certify the renunciation to the governor.
Ohio Rev. Code § 4561.10 — Ohio Revised Code / Title 45 / Chapter 4561 / § 4561.10
§ 4561.10. Municipality marking
Status: in_force

August 22, 1973 Senate Bill 96 - 110th General Assembly The legislative authority of every municipal corporation in this state shall cause said municipal corporation to be marked for aviation purposes, and shall maintain such marking, subject to and in accordance with law and such rules and regulations as are made by the department of transportation in that regard, the costs thereof to be paid from the general fund of the municipal corporation. If such legislative authority fails to carry out such action, the director of transportation may, sixty days after notice requiring such marking or maintenance has been served upon the clerk of such municipal corporation, cause such marking to be effected or maintained, and charge the cost thereof to such municipal corporation, which cost shall not exceed fifty dollars per marker. The taxing authority of such municipal corporation shall include the costs thereof in the next succeeding budget of the municipal corporation, in accordance with the certified statement of costs filed by the director with said body and the county auditor of the respective county; the budget commission of the county shall allow such cost without deduction and shall insert it in the budget in case it is omitted. Each auditor shall withhold such amount from the first semiannual tax collection and remit same to the director. The money received shall be paid into the state treasury to the credit of the general revenue fund.
Ohio Rev. Code § 4510.44 — Ohio Revised Code / Title 45 / Chapter 4510 / § 4510.44
§ 4510.44. Immobilization or disabling device violation
Status: in_force

April 6, 2017 House Bill 388 - 131st General Assembly (A)(1) No offender who has been granted limited or unlimited driving privileges, during any period that the offender is required to operate only a motor vehicle equipped with an immobilizing or disabling device, shall request or permit any other person to breathe into the device if it is an ignition interlock device or another type of device that monitors the concentration of alcohol in a person's breath or to otherwise start the motor vehicle equipped with the device, for the purpose of providing the offender with an operable motor vehicle. (2) No person shall breathe into an immobilizing or disabling device that is an ignition interlock device or another type of device that monitors the concentration of alcohol in a person's breath or otherwise start a motor vehicle equipped with an immobilizing or disabling device, for the purpose of providing an operable motor vehicle to another person who has been granted limited or unlimited driving privileges under the condition that the person operate only a motor vehicle equipped with an immobilizing or disabling device. (3) No unauthorized person shall tamper with or circumvent the operation of an immobilizing or disabling device. (B) Whoever violates this section is guilty of an immobilizing or disabling device violation, a misdemeanor of the first degree.
Ohio Rev. Code § 4516.11 — Ohio Revised Code / Title 45 / Chapter 4516 / § 4516.11
§ 4516.11. Liability for claims
Status: in_force

January 15, 2020 House Bill 166 - 133rd General Assembly (A) In addition to any liability assumed when a peer-to-peer car sharing program is providing all of the required coverage, the program shall assume liability for a claim when all of the following apply: (1) The program is providing at least part of the required insurance coverage; (2) A dispute exists as to who was operating the shared vehicle at the time of the loss; (3) The program either does not have available or cannot promptly produce the records required by section 4516.02 of the Revised Code. (B) A peer-to-peer car sharing program may seek indemnity from a shared vehicle owner if the shared vehicle owner is determined to have been the operator of the shared vehicle at the time of the loss. (C) In addition to any other insurance coverage required by this chapter, a peer-to-peer car sharing program shall maintain insurance in an amount of at least one million dollars that provides coverage for the program's liability for an act or omission of the program that is the proximate cause of death, bodily injury, or property damage to any person in any one accident because of the operation of a shared vehicle through the program.
Ohio Rev. Code § 4503.91 — Ohio Revised Code / Title 45 / Chapter 4503 / § 4503.91
§ 4503.91. Choose life license plates
Status: in_force

September 30, 2025 House Bill 96 - 136th General Assembly (A) The owner or lessee of any passenger car, noncommercial motor vehicle, recreational vehicle, or other vehicle of a class approved by the registrar of motor vehicles may apply to the registrar for the registration of the vehicle and issuance of "choose life" license plates. The application for "choose life" license plates may be combined with a request for a special reserved license plate under section 4503.40 or 4503.42 of the Revised Code. Upon receipt of the completed application and compliance with divisions (B) and (C) of this section, the registrar shall issue to the applicant the appropriate vehicle registration and a set of "choose life" license plates with a validation sticker or a validation sticker alone when required by section 4503.191 of the Revised Code. In addition to the letters and numbers ordinarily inscribed on license plates, "choose life" license plates shall be inscribed with the words "choose life" and a marking designed by "choose life, inc.," a private, nonprofit corporation incorporated in the state of Florida. The registrar shall review the design and approve it if the design is feasible. If the design is not feasible, the registrar shall notify "choose life, inc." and the organization may resubmit designs until a feasible one is approved. "Choose life" license plates shall bear county identification stickers that identify the county of registration as required under section 4503.19 of the Revised Code. (B) "Choose life" license plates and a validation sticker, or a validation sticker alone, shall be issued upon receipt of a contribution as provided in division (C) of this section and upon payment of the regular license tax prescribed in section 4503.04 of the Revised Code, any applicable motor vehicle tax levied under Chapter 4504. of the Revised Code, any applicable additional fee prescribed by section 4503.40 or 4503.42 of the Revised Code, a fee of ten dollars for the purpose of compensating the bureau of motor vehicles for additional services required in the issuing of "choose life" license plates, and compliance with all other applicable laws relating to the registration of motor vehicles. (C)(1) For each application for registration and registration renewal received under this section, the registrar shall collect a contribution of twenty dollars. The registrar shall transmit this contribution to the treasurer of state for deposit in the "choose life" fund created in section 5180.72 of the Revised Code. (2) The registrar shall deposit the additional fee of ten dollars specified in division (B) of this section for the purpose of compensating the bureau for the additional services required in issuing "choose life" license plates in the public safety - highway purposes fund created in section 4501.06 of the Revised Code. Last updated July 21, 2025 at 11:00 AM
Ohio Rev. Code § 4511.24 — Ohio Revised Code / Title 45 / Chapter 4511 / § 4511.24
§ 4511.24. Speed limits not applicable to emergency or public safety vehicles
Status: in_force

January 1, 1975 House Bill 995 - 110th General Assembly The prima-facie speed limitations set forth in section 4511.21 of the Revised Code do not apply to emergency vehicles or public safety vehicles when they are responding to emergency calls and are equipped with and displaying at least one flashing, rotating, or oscillating light visible under normal atmospheric conditions from a distance of five hundred feet to the front of the vehicle and when the drivers thereof sound audible signals by bell, siren, or exhaust whistle. This section does not relieve the driver of an emergency vehicle or public safety vehicle from the duty to drive with due regard for the safety of all persons using the street or highway.