FrankGoortani/open-us-law huggingface dataset:
Oh. Const. art. XII, § 2 — Article XII / Section 2
OH Const., Article XII, Section 2
Status: in_force

Laws shall be passed, taxing by a uniform rule, all moneys, credits, investments in bonds, stocks, joint stock companies, or otherwise; and also all real and personal property according to its true value in money, excepting all bonds at present outstanding of the state of Ohio or of any city, village, hamlet, county, or township in this state or which have been issued in behalf of the public schools in Ohio and the means of instruction in connection therewith, which bonds so at present outstanding shall be exempt from taxation; but burying grounds, public school houses, houses used exclusively for public worship, institutions used exclusively for charitable purposes, public property used exclusively for any public purpose, and personal property, to an amount not exceeding in value five hundred dollars, for each individual, may, by general laws, be exempted from taxation; but all such laws shall be subject to alteration or repeal; and the value of all property, so exempted, shall, from time to time, be ascertained and published as may be directed by law. (Adopted Sept. 3, 1912.)
Oh. Const. art. IV, § 10 — Article IV / Section 10
OH Const., Article IV, Section 10
Status: in_force

All judges, other than those provided for in this constitution, shall be elected, by the electors of the judicial district for which they may be created, but not for a longer term of office than five years.
Oh. Const. art. III, § 3 — Article III / Section 3
OH Const., Article III, Section 3
Status: in_force

The returns of every election for the officers named in the foregoing section shall be sealed up and transmitted to the seat of government, by the returning officers, directed to the president of the senate, who, during the first week of the session, shall open and publish them, and declare the result, in the presence of a majority of the members of each house of the General Assembly. The person having the highest number of votes shall be declared duly elected; but if any two or more shall be highest, and equal in votes, for the same office, one of them shall be chosen by the joint vote of both houses.
Oh. Const. art. II, § 36 — Article II / Section 36
OH Const., Article II, Section 36
Status: in_force

Laws may be passed to encourage forestry, and to that end areas devoted exclusively to forestry may be exempted, in whole or in part, from taxation. Laws may also be passed to provide for converting into forest reserves such lands or parts of lands as have been or may be forfeited to the state, and to authorize the acquiring of other lands for that purpose; also, to provide for the conservation of the natural resources of the state, including streams, lakes, ​ submerged and swamp lands and the development and regulation of water power and the formation of drainage and conservation districts; and to provide for the regulation of methods of mining, weighing, measuring and marketing coal, oil, gas and all other minerals . (Adopted Sept. 3, 1912.)
Oh. Const. art. VIII, § 3 — Article VIII / Section 3
OH Const., Article VIII, Section 3
Status: in_force

Except the debts above specified in sections one and two of this article, no debt whatever shall hereafter be created by or on behalf of the state.
Oh. Const. art. V, § 4 — Article V / Section 4
OH Const., Article V, Section 4
Status: in_force

The General Assembly shall have power to exclude from the privilege of voting, or of being eligible to office, any person convicted of bribery, perjury, or other infamous crime.
Oh. Const. art. IV, § 9 — Article IV / Section 9
OH Const., Article IV, Section 9
Status: in_force

[Repealed September 3, 1912.]
Oh. Const. art. II, § 14 — Article II / Section 14
OH Const., Article II, Section 14
Status: in_force

Neither house shall, without the consent of the other, adjourn for more than two days, Sundays excluded; nor to any other place than that in which the two houses shall be in session.
Oh. Const. art. V, § 6 — Article V / Section 6
OH Const., Article V, Section 6
Status: in_force

No idiot, or insane person, shall be entitled to the privileges of an elector.
Oh. Const. art. I, § 6 — Article I / Section 6
OH Const., Article I, Section 6
Status: in_force

There shall be no slavery in this state, nor involuntary servitude, unless for the punishment of crime.
Oh. Const. art. IV, § 3 — Article IV / Section 3
OH Const., Article IV, Section 3
Status: in_force

One resident judge of the court of common pleas, and such additional resident judge or judges as may be provided by law, shall be elected in each county of the state by the electors of such county; and as many courts or sessions of the court of common pleas as are necessary, may be held at the same time in any county. Any judge of the court of common pleas may temporarily preside and hold court in any county; and until the general assembly shall make adequate provision therefor, the chief justice of the supreme court of the state shall pass upon the disqualification or disability of any judge of the court of common pleas, and he may assign any judge to any county to hold court therein . (Adopted Sept. 3, 1912.)
Oh. Const. art. II, § 1 — Article II / Section 1
OH Const., Article II, Section 1
Status: in_force

The legislative power of the state shall be vested in a general assembly consisting of a senate and house of representatives but the people reserve to themselves the power to propose to the general assembly laws and amendments to the constitution, and to adopt or reject the same at the polls on a referendum vote as hereinafter provided. They also reserve the power to adopt or reject any law, section of any law or any item in any law appropriating money passed by the general assembly, except as hereinafter provided; and independent of the general assembly to propose amendments to the constitution and to adopt or reject the same at the polls. The limitations expressed in the constitution, on the power of the general assembly to enact laws, shall be deemed limitations on the power of the people to enact laws. (Adopted Sept. 3, 1912.) Sec 1 a. The first aforestated power reserved by the people is designated the initiative, and the signatures of ten per centum of the electors shall be required upon a petition to propose an amendment to the constitution. When a petition signed by the aforesaid required number of electors, shall have been filed with the secretary of state, and verified as herein provided, proposing an amendment to the constitution, the full text of which shall have been set forth in such petition, the secretary of state shall submit for the approval or rejection ​ of the electors, the proposed amendment, in the manner hereinafter provided, at the next succeeding regular or general election in any year occurring subse- . quent to ninety days after the filing of such petition. The initiative petitions, above described, shall have printed across the top thereof: "Amendment to the Constitution Proposed by Initiative Petition to be Submitted Directly to the Electors." (Adopted Sept. 3, 1912. )
Oh. Const. art. X, § 6 — Article X / Section 6
OH Const., Article X, Section 6
Status: in_force

Justices of the peace, and county and township officers, may be removed, in such manner and for such cause, as shall be prescribed by law.
Oh. Const. art. VI, § 3 — Article VI / Section 3
OH Const., Article VI, Section 3
Status: in_force

Provision shall be made by law for the organization, administration and control of the public school system of the state supported by public funds: provided, that each school district embraced wholly or in part within any city shall have the power by referendum vote to determine for itself the number of members and the organization of the district board of education, and provision shall be made by law for the exercise of this power by such school districts. (Adopted Sept. 3, 1912.)
Oh. Const. art. VIII, § 9 — Article VIII / Section 9
OH Const., Article VIII, Section 9
Status: in_force

The commissioners of the sinking fund shall, immediately preceding each regular session of the General Assembly, make an estimate of the probable amount of the fund, provided for in the seventh section of this article, from all sources except from taxation, and report the same, together with all their proceedings relative to said fund and the public debt, to the governor, who shall transmit the same with his regular message, to the General Assembly; and the General Assembly shall make all necessary provision for raising and disbursing said sinking fund, in pursuance of the provisions of this article.
Oh. Const. art. IV, § 8 — Article IV / Section 8
OH Const., Article IV, Section 8
Status: in_force

The probate court shall have jurisdiction in probate and testamentary matters, the appointment of administrators and guardians, the settlement of the accounts of executors, adminisrators , and guardians, and such jurisdiction in habeas corpus, the issuing of marriage licenses, and for the sale of land by executors, administrators, and guardians, and such other jurisdiction, in any county or counties, as may be provided by law.
Oh. Const. art. III, § 5 — Article III / Section 5
OH Const., Article III, Section 5
Status: in_force

The supreme executive power of this state shall be vested in the governor.
Oh. Const. art. XV, § 1 — Article XV / Section 1
OH Const., Article XV, Section 1
Status: in_force

Columbus shall be the seat of government, until otherwise directed by law.
Oh. Const. art. XVIII, § 5 — Article XVIII / Section 5
OH Const., Article XVIII, Section 5
Status: in_force

The register and receiver of the land office, directors of the penitentiary, directors of the benevolent institutions of the state, the state librarian, and all other officers, not otherwise provided for in this constitution, in office on the first day of September, one thousand eight hundred and fifty-one, shall continue in office until their terms expire, respectively, unless the General Assembly shall otherwise provide.
Oh. Const. art. I, § 9 — Article I / Section 9
OH Const., Article I, Section 9
Status: in_force

All persons shall be bailable by sufficient sureties, except for capital offenses where the proof is evident, or the presumption great. Excessive bail shall not be required; nor excessive fines imposed; nor cruel and unusual punishment inflicted.
Oh. Const. art. II, § 11 — Article II / Section 11
OH Const., Article II, Section 11
Status: in_force

All vacancies which may happen in either house shall, for the unexpired term, be filled by election, as shall be directed by law.
Oh. Const. art. XIII, § 5 — Article XIII / Section 5
OH Const., Article XIII, Section 5
Status: in_force

No right of way shall be appropriated to the use of any corporation, until full compensation therefor be first made in money, or first secured by a deposit of money, to the owner, irrespective of any benefit from any improvement proposed by such corporation; which compensation shall be ascertained by a jury of twelve men, in a court of record, as shall be prescribed by law.
Oh. Const. art. XII, § 5 — Article XII / Section 5
OH Const., Article XII, Section 5
Status: in_force

No tax shall be levied, except in pursuance of law; and every law imposing a tax, shall state, distinctly, the object of the same, to which only, it shall be applied.
Oh. Const. art. XVII, § 3 — Article XVII / Section 3
OH Const., Article XVII, Section 3
Status: in_force

Every elective officer holding office when this amendment is adopted shall continue to hold such office for the full term for which he was elected and until his successor shall be elected and qualified, as provided by law. [As adopted November 7, 1905.]
Oh. Const. art. XVIII, § 4 — Article XVIII / Section 4
OH Const., Article XVIII, Section 4
Status: in_force

The first election for judges of the supreme court, courts of common pleas, and probate courts, and clerks of the court of common pleas, shall be held on the second Tuesday of October, one thousand eight hundred and fifty-one, and the official term of said judges and clerks, so elected, shall commence on the second Monday of February, one thousand eight hundred and fifty-two. Judges and clerks of the courts of common pleas and supreme court, ​ in office on the first day of September, one thousand eight hundred and fifty-one, shall continue in office with their present powers and duties, until the second Monday of February, one thousand eight hundred and fifty-two. No suit or proceeding pending in any of the courts of this state, shall be affected by the adoption of this constitution.
Oh. Const. art. II, § 13 — Article II / Section 13
OH Const., Article II, Section 13
Status: in_force

The proceedings of both houses shall be public, except in cases which, in the opinion of two-thirds of those present, require secrecy.
Oh. Const. art. III, § 14 — Article III / Section 14
OH Const., Article III, Section 14
Status: in_force

No member of congress, or other person holding office under the authority of this state, or of the United States, shall execute the office of the governor, except as herein provided.
Oh. Const. art. IV, § 5 — Article IV / Section 5
OH Const., Article IV, Section 5
Status: in_force

[Repealed October 9, 1883; 80 v. 382.]
Oh. Const. art. II, § 27 — Article II / Section 27
OH Const., Article II, Section 27
Status: in_force

The election and appointment of all officers, and the filling of all vacancies, not otherwise provided for by this constitution, or the constitution of the United States, shall be made in such manner as may be directed by law; but no appointing power shall be exercised by the General Assembly, except as prescribed in this constitution, and in the election of the United States senators; and in these cases the vote shall be taken "viva voce."
Oh. Const. art. XIV, § 1 — Article XIV / Section 1
OH Const., Article XIV, Section 1
Status: in_force

The General Assembly, at its first session after the adoption of this constitution, shall provide for the appointment of three commissioners, and prescribe their tenure of office, compensation, and the mode of filling vacancies in said commission.
Oh. Const. art. III, § 17 — Article III / Section 17
OH Const., Article III, Section 17
Status: in_force

If the lieutenant governor, while executing the office of governor, shall be impeached, displaced, resign or die, or otherwise become incapable of performing the duties of the office, the president of the senate shall act as governor until the vacancy is filled, or the disability removed; and if the president of the senate, for any of the above causes, shall be rendered incapable of performing the duties pertaining to the office of governor, the same shall devolve upon the speaker of the house of representatives.
Oh. Const. art. II, § 24 — Article II / Section 24
OH Const., Article II, Section 24
Status: in_force

The governor, judges, and all state officers, may be impeached for any misdemeanor in office; but judgment shall not extend further than removal from office, and disqualification to hold any office, under the authority of this state. The party impeached, whether convicted or not, shall be liable to indictment, trial and judgment, according to law.
Oh. Const. art. II, § 15 — Article II / Section 15
OH Const., Article II, Section 15
Status: in_force

Bills may originate in either house; but may be altered, amended or rejected in the other.
Oh. Const. art. VII, § 3 — Article VII / Section 3
OH Const., Article VII, Section 3
Status: in_force

The governor shall have power to fill all vacancies that may occur in the offices aforesaid, until the next session of the General Assembly, and, until a successor to his appointee shall be confirmed and qualified.
Oh. Const. art. X, § 4 — Article X / Section 4
OH Const., Article X, Section 4
Status: in_force

Township officers shall be elected by the electors of each township, at such time, in such manner, and for such term, not exceeding three years, as may be provided by law; but shall hold their offices until their successors are elected and qualified. [As amended October 13, 1885; 82 v. 449.]
Oh. Const. art. XII, § 1 — Article XII / Section 1
OH Const., Article XII, Section 1
Status: in_force

No poll tax shall ever be levied in this state, or service required, which may be commuted in money or other thing of value. (Adopted Sept. 3, 1912.)
Oh. Const. art. XVII, § 2 — Article XVII / Section 2
OH Const., Article XVII, Section 2
Status: in_force

The term of office of the governor, lieutenant governor, attorney general, secretary of state and treasurer of state shalt be two years, and that of the auditor of state shall be four years. The term of office of the judges of the supreme court and circuit courts shall be such even number of years not less than six (6) years as may be prescribed by the General Assembly; that of the judges of the common pleas court six (6) years, and of the judges of the probate court, four (4) years, and that of other judges shall be such even number of years, not exceeding six (6) years as may be prescribed by the General Assembly. The term of office of justices of the peace, shall be such even number of years not exceeding four (4) years as may be prescribed by the General Assembly. The term of office of the members of the board of public works shall be such even number of years not exceeding six (6) years as may be so prescribed; and the term of office of all elective county, township, municipal and school officers shall be such even number of years not exceeding four (4) years as may be so prescribed. And the General Assembly shall have power to so extend existing terms of office as to effect the purpose of section 1 of this article. Any vacancy which shall occur in any elective state office other than that of a member of the General Assembly or of governor, shall be filled by appointment by the governor until the disability is removed or a successor elected and qualified. Every such vacancy shall be filled by election at the first general election for the office which is vacant, that occurs more than thirty (30) days after the vacancy shall have occurred. The person elected shall fill the office ​ for the unexpired term. All vacancies in other elective offices shall be filled for the unexpired term in such manner as may be prescribed by law.
Oh. Const. art. XVIII, § 2 — Article XVIII / Section 2
OH Const., Article XVIII, Section 2
Status: in_force

The first election for members of the General Assembly, under this constitution, shall be held on the second Tuesday of October, one thousand eight hundred and fifty-one.
Oh. Const. art. XIII, § 6 — Article XIII / Section 6
OH Const., Article XIII, Section 6
Status: in_force

The General Assembly shall provide for the organization of cities, and incorporated villages, by general laws, and restrict their power of taxation, assessment, borrowing money, contracting debts and loaning their credit, so as to prevent the abuse of such power.
Oh. Const. art. II, § 30 — Article II / Section 30
OH Const., Article II, Section 30
Status: in_force

No new county shall contain less than four hundred square miles of territory, nor shall any county be reduced below that amount; and all laws creating new counties, changing county lines, or removing county seats, shall, before taking effect, be submitted to the electors of the several counties to be affected thereby, at the next general election after the passage thereof, and be adopted by a majority of all the electors voting at such election, in each of said counties; but any county now or hereafter containing one hundred thousand inhabitants, may be divided, whenever a majority of the voters residing in each of the proposed divisions shall approve of the law passed for that purpose; but no town or city within the same shall be divided, nor shall either of the divisions contain less than twenty thousand inhabitants.
Oh. Const. art. VII, § 1 — Article VII / Section 1
OH Const., Article VII, Section 1
Status: in_force

Institutions for the benefit of the insane, blind, and deaf and dumb, shall always be fostered and supported by the state; and be subject to such regulations as may be prescribed by the General Assembly.
Oh. Const. art. VIII, § 4 — Article VIII / Section 4
OH Const., Article VIII, Section 4
Status: in_force

The credit of the state shall not, in any manner be given or loaned to, or in aid of, any individual association or corporation whatever; nor shall the state ever hereafter become a joint owner, or stockholder, in any company or association in this state, or elsewhere, formed for any purpose whatever.
Oh. Const. art. I, § 8 — Article I / Section 8
OH Const., Article I, Section 8
Status: in_force

The privilege of the writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended unless in cases of rebellion or invasion the public safety require it.
Oh. Const. art. I, § 7 — Article I / Section 7
OH Const., Article I, Section 7
Status: in_force

All men have a natural and indefeasible right to worship Almighty God according to the dictates of their own conscience. No person shall be compelled to attend, erect, or support any place of worship, or maintain any form of worship, against his consent; and no preference shall be given, by law, to any religious society; nor shall any interference with the rights of conscience be permitted. No religious test shall be required, as a qualification for office, nor shall any person be incompetent to be a witness on account of his religious ​ belief; but nothing herein shall be construed to dispense with oaths and affirmations. Religion, morality, and knowledge, however, being essential to good government, it shall be the duty of the General Assembly to pass suitable laws to protect every religious denomination in the peaceable enjoyment of its own mode of public worship, and to encourage schools, and the means of instruction.
Oh. Const. art. XVIII, § 1 — Article XVIII / Section 1
OH Const., Article XVIII, Section 1
Status: in_force

All laws of this state, in force on the first day of September, one thousand eight hundred and fifty-one, not inconsistent with this constitution, shall continue in force, until amended, or repealed.
Oh. Const. art. X, § 5 — Article X / Section 5
OH Const., Article X, Section 5
Status: in_force

No money shall be drawn from any county or township treasury, except by authority of law.
Oh. Const. art. XVIII, § 8 — Article XVIII / Section 8
OH Const., Article XVIII, Section 8
Status: in_force

Vacancies in office, occurring after the first day of September, one thousand eight hundred and fifty-one, shall be filled, as is now prescribed by law, and until officers are elected or appointed, and qualified, under this constitution.
Oh. Const. art. IX, § 4 — Article IX / Section 4
OH Const., Article IX, Section 4
Status: in_force

The governor shall commission all officers of the line and staff, ranking as such; and shall have power to call forth the militia, to execute the laws of the state, to suppress insurrection, and repel invasion.
Oh. Const. art. IV, § 11 — Article IV / Section 11
OH Const., Article IV, Section 11
Status: in_force

. [Repealed October 9, 1883; 80 v. 382.]
Oh. Const. art. VI, § 2 — Article VI / Section 2
OH Const., Article VI, Section 2
Status: in_force

The General Assembly shall make such provisions, by taxation, or otherwise, as, with the income arising from the school trust fund, will secure a thorough and efficient system of common schools throughout the state; but no religious or other sect, or sects, shall ever have any exclusive right to, or control of, any part of the school funds of this state. ​
Oh. Const. art. II, § 18 — Article II / Section 18
OH Const., Article II, Section 18
Status: in_force

The style of the laws of this state shall be, "Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the State of Ohio."