N.Y. RPT Law § 1113 — New York Code / Act RPT / Article 11 / Title 2 / Section 1113
Redemption of residential property for certain persons deployed by the military in certain tax districts
Status: in_force

§ 1113. Redemption of residential property for certain persons\ndeployed by the military in certain tax districts. 1. For the purposes\nof this section:\n  (a) "Residential property" means property which is improved by a one,\ntwo, or three family structure used exclusively for residential purposes\nother than property subject to the assessment limitations of section\nfive hundred eighty-one of this chapter and article nine-B of the real\nproperty law. A parcel shall be deemed to be residential property for\npurposes of this article if applicable tax roll shows that (i) the\nassessor has assigned to the parcel a property classification code in\nthe residential category, or (ii) the parcel has been included in the\nhomestead class in an approved assessing unit, or in class one in a\nspecial assessing unit.\n  (b) "Certain persons deployed by the military" means a male or female\nwho was ordered to active military duty, other than training, in the\nUnited States armed forces including the reserve components of the armed\nforces of the United States and the activation lasted for at least six\ncontiguous months, or the owner was killed in action during such\nactivation.\n  (c) "Property classification codes" means the property classification\nsystem prescribed by the commissioner pursuant to section five hundred\ntwo of this chapter and the rules adopted thereunder.\n  2. A tax district may adopt a local law without referendum increasing\nthe redemption period for residential property for certain persons\ndeployed by the military to four or five years after lien date. A local\nlaw increasing the redemption period as authorized by this section may\nbe amended or repealed by local law adopted without referendum. Any such\namendment or repeal shall not apply to taxes that shall have become\nliens while the former local law shall have been effective. A copy of\nany local law adopted pursuant to this section shall be filed with the\ncommissioner for informational purposes within thirty days after the\nenactment thereof.\n  3. When determining whether a parcel qualifies for residential\nproperty for certain persons deployed by the military for the purposes\nof this section, the enforcing officer shall consider the information\nappearing on the applicable tax roll. The enforcing officer shall also\nconsider any relevant information submitted to him or her by the\nassessor, by the owner, or by any other person with an interest in a\nparcel, subject to the following:\n  (a) If the submission is made after the enforcing officer has filed a\nlist of delinquent taxes pursuant to section eleven hundred twenty-two\nof this article that pertains specifically to property other than\nresidential property for certain persons deployed by the military, and\nthe enforcing officer determines that a parcel on the list is\nresidential property for certain persons deployed by the military, the\nparcel shall be accorded the redemption period applicable to the\nresidential property for certain persons deployed by the military,\nnotwithstanding the fact that it appears on the list pertaining to other\nproperty.\n  (b) If the submission is made after the enforcing officer has filed a\npetition of foreclosure pursuant to section eleven hundred twenty-three\nof this article that pertains specifically to properties other than\nresidential property for certain persons deployed by the military, and\nthe enforcing officer determines that a parcel affected by the petition\nis residential property for certain persons deployed by the military,\nthe enforcing officer shall withdraw the parcel from foreclosure in the\nmanner provided by section eleven hundred thirty-eight of this article.\nProvided, however, that (i) the submissions shall not be considered an\nanswer to the foreclosure petition unless interposed as an answer\ninterposed, and the enforcing officer does not withdraw the parcel from\nforeclosure may be taken by default as provided by section eleven\nhundred thirty-six of this article.\n  (c) No such submission may be acceptable after the expiration of the\nredemption period applicable to property which is not residential\nproperty for certain persons deployed by the military.\n  4. In lieu of submitting information to the enforcing officer as\nprovided by this section, or in addition thereto, a respondent may raise\nthe issue in an answer interposed pursuant to this article. If the court\ndetermines that the parcel qualifies as residential property for certain\npersons deployed by the military and as such, is not yet subject to\nforeclosure, the enforcing officer shall withdraw the parcel from\nforeclosure in the manner provided by section eleven hundred\nthirty-eight of this article.\n  5. If the information appearing on the tax roll does not qualify a\nparcel as residential property for certain persons deployed by the\nmilitary, and it is not demonstrated in the manner provided by this\nsection that the parcel is residential property for certain persons\ndeployed by the military, the parcel shall be presumed not to be\nresidential property for certain persons deployed by the military for\npurposes of this article.\n
N.Y. RPT Law § 546 — New York Code / Act RPT / Article 5 / Title 2 / Section 546
State aid; loss of certain public utility property
Status: in_force

§ 546. State aid; loss of certain public utility property. 1. State\naid shall be payable to any tax district, as defined in subdivision\nseven of this section, when on any assessment roll the taxable assessed\nvaluation in such district is decreased in any year by an amount equal\nto or in excess of ten percent of the total taxable assessed valuation\non the latest preceding assessment roll because of the removal from such\nassessment roll of taxable real property of a public utility company, as\ndefined in section two of the public service law, as a direct or\nindirect consequence of the surrender of any license, franchise, permit\nor authorization of such utility company where the undertaking or\nentering into of any project, operation, activity or contract actually\nundertaken or entered into by the state or any state agency or any\nauthority or commission created or continued under the public\nauthorities law is by any law or regulation of this state or of the\nUnited States specifically conditioned upon such surrender.\n  2. The state aid payable to a tax district in the first year in which\nthere is a decrease in taxable assessed valuation as a result of the\nremoval from the assessment roll described in subdivision one of this\nsection shall be equal to eighty per cent of the total amount of taxes\nwhich would have been levied on the assessed valuation so removed at the\ntax rate for the year preceding such removal, from which state aid shall\nbe subtracted an amount equal to the amount of taxes which would have\nbeen levied at the tax rate for the preceding year on the excess of (i)\nthe total taxable assessed valuation of the new property assessed on the\nassessment roll on which the decrease in assessed valuation occurs over\n(ii) one percent of the total assessed valuation of taxable property on\nthe latest preceding assessment roll. In the next three succeeding years\nstate aid payable to such tax district shall be equal to sixty per cent,\nforty per cent and twenty per cent, respectively, of the total amount of\ntaxes which would have been levied on the assessed valuation removed as\ndescribed in subdivision one of this section at the tax rate for the\nyear preceding such removal from which state aid shall be subtracted an\namount equal to the amount of taxes which would have been levied at the\ntax rate for the latest preceding year on the excess of (i) the total\ntaxable assessed valuation of the new property assessed on the\nassessment roll on which taxes are levied for the fiscal year in which\nthe aid is payable over (ii) one percent of the total assessed valuation\nof taxable property on the assessment roll preceding the removal from\nthe assessment roll described in subdivision one of this section\nmultiplied by the number of fiscal years for which the tax district has\nreceived state aid under this section including the then current year.\n  3. In the case of a school district, the state aid payable under this\nsection shall be reduced by an amount equal to the amount of additional\nstate aid which is payable to such school district under any other laws\ndirectly or indirectly as a result of the decrease in full valuation\ncaused by the removal from the assessment roll described in subdivision\none of this section.\n  4. In making computations and determinations pursuant to this section,\nthere shall be taken into account increases or decreases in the level of\nassessment.\n  5. The chief fiscal officer of a tax district which qualifies for\nstate aid pursuant to this section shall make application therefor to\nthe commissioner. The application shall be made on a form prescribed by\nsuch commissioner and shall contain such information as the commissioner\nshall require. Upon approval of the application therefor by the\ncommissioner, such state aid shall be paid upon audit and warrant by the\nstate comptroller.\n  6. The term "new property" as used in this section shall mean the real\nproperty which was assessed as taxable on the assessment roll used for\nthe levy of taxes for a fiscal year for which state aid is payable under\nthis section and which was not assessed as taxable real property on the\nassessment roll of the tax district next preceding the assessment roll\naffected by the removal from the assessment roll described in\nsubdivision one of this section.\n  7. The term "tax district" shall mean a county, a city and a city\nschool district located in a city qualifying for state aid under the\nprovisions of this section.\n  8. Notwithstanding the foregoing subdivisions of this section, state\naid shall be payable as hereinafter provided to any school district\nlocated wholly or partly within a city of less than one hundred\ntwenty-five thousand population, where on any assessment roll prepared\nprior to the effective date of this subdivision the taxable assessed\nvaluation in such district has been decreased by an amount equal to or\nin excess of eight percent of the total taxable assessed valuation on\nthe assessment roll next preceding such roll because of the removal of\ntaxable real property of a public utility company, as defined in section\ntwo of the public service law, as a direct or indirect consequence of\nthe acquisition of such property by the state or an agency of the state\nor of the surrender of any license, franchise, permit or authorization\nof such utility company where the undertaking or entering into of any\nproject, operation, activity or contract actually undertaken or entered\ninto by the state or any state agency or any authority or commission\ncreated or continued under the public authorities law is by any law or\nregulation of this state or of the United States specifically\nconditioned upon such surrender. Such state aid shall be payable on\napplication of the chief fiscal officer of such school district in the\nsecond, third, fourth and fifth school fiscal years following the last\nfiscal year for which a transition assessment was established pursuant\nto section five hundred forty-five of the real property tax law. The\namount of such state aid payable in each of such years shall be forty\npercent of the amount of state aid paid in the first year of eligibility\nto such school district under the provisions of section five hundred\nforty-five of the real property tax law. Upon approval of the\napplication by the commissioner the commissioner shall certify to the\nstate comptroller the amount of payment computed pursuant to the\nprovisions of this subdivision and such amounts shall be paid upon audit\nand warrant by the state comptroller out of moneys appropriated by the\nlegislature for the payment of taxes on state-owned lands.\n  * 9. Notwithstanding the foregoing subdivisions of this section, state\naid shall be payable as hereinafter provided to a city of less than one\nhundred twenty-five thousand population, where on any assessment roll\nprepared prior to the effective date of this subdivision the taxable\nassessed valuation in such city has been decreased by an amount equal to\nor in excess of eight percent of the total taxable assessed valuation on\nthe assessment roll next preceding such roll because of the removal of\ntaxable real property of a public utility company, as defined in section\ntwo of the public service law, as a direct or indirect consequence of\nthe acquisition of such property by the state or an agency of the state\nor of the surrender of any license, franchise, permit or authorization\nof such utility company where the undertaking or entering into of any\nproject, operation, activity or contract actually undertaken or entered\ninto by the state or any state agency or any authority or commission\ncreated or continued under the public authorities law is by any law or\nregulation of this state or of the United States specifically\nconditioned upon such surrender. Such state aid shall be payable on\napplication of the chief fiscal officer of such city in the fourth and\nfifth city fiscal years following the last fiscal year for which a\ntransition assessment was established pursuant to section five hundred\nforty-five of the real property tax law. The amount of such state aid\npayable in each of such years shall be forty percent of the amount of\nstate aid paid in the first year of eligibility to such city under the\nprovisions of section five hundred forty-five of the real property tax\nlaw. Upon approval of the application by the commissioner the\ncommissioner shall certify to the state comptroller the amount of\npayment computed pursuant to the provisions of this subdivision and such\namounts shall be paid upon audit and warrant by the state comptroller\nout of moneys appropriated by the legislature for the payment of taxes\non state-owned lands.\n  * NB (Applicable only to city fiscal years commencing 1/1/72 and\n1/1/73)\n
N.Y. ENV Law § 37-0203 — New York Code / Act ENV / Article 37 / Title 2 / Section 37-0203
Definitions
Status: in_force

§ 37-0203. Definitions.\n  For the purposes of this title, the term:\n  1. "Distributor" shall mean any person, firm, association, partnership\nor corporation, who or which imports or causes to be imported into the\nstate, any container, whether filled or unfilled, used to package\nproducts.\n  2. "Manufacturer" shall mean a person, firm, association, partnership\nor corporation, who or which makes containers to be used to package\nproducts.\n  3. "Package" means a container providing a means of marketing,\nprotecting or handling a product and shall include a unit package, an\nintermediate package and a shipping container. "Package" shall also mean\nand include, but not be limited to, such unsealed receptacles as\ncarrying cases, crates, cups, pails, rigid foil and other trays,\nwrappers and wrapping films, bags and tubs.\n  4. "Packaging component" means any individual assembled part of a\npackage such as, but not limited to, any interior or exterior blocking,\nbracing, cushioning, weatherproofing, exterior strapping, coatings,\nclosures, inks and labels.\n  5. "Food packaging" means a package or packaging component that is\nintended for direct food contact and is comprised, in substantial part,\nof paper, paperboard, or other materials originally derived from plant\nfibers.\n  6. "Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances" or "PFAS\nsubstances" shall mean, for the purposes of food packaging, a class of\nfluorinated organic chemicals containing at least one fully fluorinated\ncarbon atom.\n
N.Y. ELN Law § 17-216 — New York Code / Act ELN / Article 17 / Title 2 / Section 17-216
Expedited judicial proceedings and preliminary relief
Status: in_force

§ 17-216. Expedited judicial proceedings and preliminary relief.\nBecause of the frequency of elections, the severe consequences and\nirreparable harm of holding elections under unlawful conditions, and the\nexpenditure to defend potentially unlawful conditions that benefit\nincumbent officials, actions brought pursuant to this title shall be\nsubject to expedited pretrial and trial proceedings and receive an\nautomatic calendar preference. In any action alleging a violation of\nthis title in which a plaintiff party seeks preliminary relief with\nrespect to an upcoming election, the court shall grant relief if it\ndetermines that:  (a) plaintiffs are more likely than not to succeed on\nthe merits; and (b) it is possible to implement an appropriate remedy\nthat would resolve the alleged violation in the upcoming election.\n
N.Y. PEN Law § 496.06 — New York Code / Act PEN / Part 4 / Title Y-2 / Article 496 / Section 496.06
Public corruption
Status: in_force

§ 496.06 Public corruption.\n  1. A person commits the crime of public corruption when: (a) (i) being\na public servant he or she commits a specified offense through the use\nof his or her public office, or (ii) being a person acting in concert\nwith such public servant he or she commits a specified offense, and (b)\nthe state or any political subdivision thereof or any governmental\ninstrumentality within the state is the owner of the property.\n  2. A "specified offense" is an offense defined by any of the following\nprovisions of this chapter: section 155.25 (petit larceny); section\n155.30 (grand larceny in the fourth degree); section 155.35 (grand\nlarceny in the third degree); section 155.40 (grand larceny in the\nsecond degree); section 155.42 (grand larceny in the first degree);\nsection 190.60 (scheme to defraud in the second degree); or section\n190.65 (scheme to defraud in the first degree).\n
N.Y. RPT Law § 466-F*3 — New York Code / Act RPT / Article 4 / Title 2 / Section 466-F*3
Volunteer firefighters and volunteer ambulance workers; certain counties
Status: in_force

* § 466-f. Volunteer firefighters and volunteer ambulance workers;\ncertain counties. 1. Real property owned by an enrolled member of an\nincorporated volunteer fire company, fire department or incorporated\nvoluntary ambulance service or such enrolled member and spouse residing\nin any county having a population of more than one hundred ten thousand\ninhabitants but less than one hundred thirteen thousand inhabitants,\ndetermined in accordance with the latest federal decennial census shall\nbe exempt from taxation to the extent of ten percent of the assessed\nvalue of such property for city, village, town, part town, special\ndistrict, school, or county purposes, exclusive of special assessments,\nprovided that the governing body of a city, village, town, or county,\nafter a public hearing, adopts a local law, ordinance, or resolution\nproviding therefor; provided further, however, that such exemption shall\nin no event exceed three thousand dollars multiplied by the latest state\nequalization rate for the assessing unit in which such real property is\nlocated.\n  2. Such exemption shall not be granted to an enrolled member of an\nincorporated volunteer fire company, fire department or incorporated\nvoluntary ambulance service unless:\n  (a) the applicant resides in the city, town, or village which is\nserved by such incorporated volunteer fire company or fire department or\nincorporated voluntary ambulance service;\n  (b) the property is the primary residence of the applicant;\n  (c) the property is used exclusively for residential purposes;\nprovided however, that in the event any portion of such property is not\nused exclusively for the applicant's residence but is used for other\npurposes, such portion shall be subject to taxation and the remaining\nportion only shall be entitled to the exemption provided by this\nsection; and\n  (d) the applicant has been certified by the authority having\njurisdiction for the incorporated volunteer fire company or fire\ndepartment as an enrolled member of such incorporated volunteer fire\ncompany or fire department for at least five years or the applicant has\nbeen certified by the authority having jurisdiction for the incorporated\nvoluntary ambulance service as an enrolled member of such incorporated\nvoluntary ambulance service for at least five years. It shall be the\nduty and responsibility of the municipality, school district, and/or\nfire district which adopts a local law, ordinance or resolution pursuant\nto this section to determine the procedure for certification.\n  3. Any enrolled member of an incorporated volunteer fire company, fire\ndepartment or incorporated voluntary ambulance service who accrues more\nthan twenty years of active service and is so certified by the authority\nhaving jurisdiction for the incorporated volunteer fire company, fire\ndepartment or incorporated voluntary ambulance service, shall be granted\nthe ten percent exemption as authorized by this section for the\nremainder of his or her life as long as his or her primary residence is\nlocated within this state provided that the governing body of a city,\nvillage, town, school district, fire district, or county, after a public\nhearing, adopts a local law, ordinance or resolution providing therefor.\n  4. Application for such exemption shall be filed with the assessor or\nother agency, department or office designated by the municipality,\nschool district, and/or fire district offering such exemption on or\nbefore the taxable status date on a form as prescribed by the\ncommissioner.\n  5. No applicant who is a volunteer firefighter or volunteer ambulance\nworker who by reason of such status is receiving any benefit under the\nprovisions of this article on the effective date of this section shall\nsuffer any diminution of such benefit because of the provisions of this\nsection.\n  * NB There are 5 § 466-f's\n  * NB Repealed December 9, 2028\n
N.Y. PBA Law § 3013 — New York Code / Act PBA / Article 10 / Title 2 / Section 3013
Moneys of a municipal assistance corporation
Status: in_force

§ 3013. Moneys of a municipal assistance corporation. 1. All moneys of\na corporation from whatever source derived may be paid to the treasurer\nof the corporation and be deposited forthwith in a bank or banks in the\nstate designated by such corporation. The moneys in such account may be\npaid by the treasurer or other agent duly designated by the corporation\non requisition of the chairman of the board of directors of the\nmunicipal assistance corporation or of such person or persons as the\ncorporation may authorize to make such requisitions. All deposits of\nsuch moneys, may, if required by the corporation, be secured by\nobligations of the United States or of the state of New York of a market\nvalue equal at all times to the amount of the deposit and all banks and\ntrust companies are authorized to give such security for such deposits,\nprovided, however, that no funds or accounts held in the capital reserve\nfund may be invested in obligations of or guaranteed by the municipality\nbeing assisted or of any of its agencies. Such obligations may either be\ndeposited with the treasurer or be held by a trustee or agent\nsatisfactory to the corporation. The comptroller and his legally\nauthorized representatives are authorized and empowered from time to\ntime to examine the accounts and books of the corporation, including its\nreceipts, disbursements, contracts, leases, sinking funds, investments\nand any other records and papers relating to its financial standing.\n  2. Subject to the provisions of subdivision three of this section, any\nmoneys of a corporation, including the proceeds of notes or bonds, not\nrequired for immediate use may be invested in obligations of the\nmunicipality being assisted or in obligations of the state or federal\ngovernment, obligations of the principal of and interest on which are\nguaranteed by such municipality, the state or federal government, or\nobligations of agencies of such municipality, of the state or of the\nfederal government which may, from time to time, be legally purchased by\nsavings banks of the state as investment of funds belonging to them, or\nin secured time deposit or other interest-bearing accounts secured by\nsuch obligations; provided, however, that no funds held in a capital\nreserve fund may be invested in obligations of or guaranteed by the\nmunicipality being assisted or of any of its agencies.\n  3. A corporation shall have power to contract with holders of any of\nits notes or bonds as to the custody, collection, securing, investment,\nand payment of any moneys of the corporation, of any moneys held in\ntrust or otherwise for the payment of notes or bonds, and to carry out\nsuch contract. Moneys held in trust or otherwise for the payment of\nnotes or bonds or in any way to secure notes or bonds or notes and\ndeposits of such moneys may be secured in the same manner as moneys of\nthe corporation, and all banks and trust companies are authorized to\ngive such security for such deposits.\n  4. Subject to the provisions of any contract with noteholders or\nbondholders and to the approval of the comptroller, the corporation\nshall prescribe a system of accounts.\n
N.Y. PBH Law § 2333 — New York Code / Act PBH / Article 23 / Title 2 / Section 2333
Houses of prostitution; injunction proceedings; witnesses and officers fees
Status: in_force

§ 2333. Houses of prostitution; injunction proceedings; witnesses and\nofficers fees.  In any action brought to enjoin and abate a nuisance, as\ndefined in this article, no officer or witness shall be entitled to\nreceive in advance fees for service or attendance.\n
N.Y. PBH Law § 241*2 — New York Code / Act PBH / Article 2 / Title 2-F / Section 241*2
Office of health equity created
Status: in_force

* § 241. Office of health equity created. There is hereby created an\noffice of health equity within the state department of health. Such\noffice shall:\n  1. Work collaboratively with other state agencies and affected\nstakeholders, including providers and representatives of underserved\npopulations, in order to set priorities, collect and disseminate data,\nand align resources within the department and across other state\nagencies. The office shall also conduct health promotion and educational\noutreach, as well as develop and implement interventions aimed at\nachieving health equity among underserved populations by implementing\nstrategies to address the varying complex causes of health disparities,\nincluding the economic, physical, and social environments.\n  2. Integrate and coordinate selected state health care grant and loan\nprograms established specifically for promoting health equity in New\nYork state. As part of this function, the office shall develop a\ncoordinated application process for use by providers, municipalities and\nothers in seeking funds and/or technical assistance on pertinent\nprograms and services targeted to address health equity among\nunderserved populations.\n  3. Apply for grants, and accept gifts from private and public sources\nfor research to improve and enhance health equity. The office shall also\npromote health equity research in universities and colleges.\n  4. Together with the health equity council, serve as liaison and\nadvocate for the department on health equity matters. This function\nshall include the provision of staff support to the health equity\ncouncil and the establishment of appropriate program linkages with\nrelated federal, state, and local agencies and programs such as the\noffice of health equity of the public health service, the agricultural\nextension service and migrant health services.\n  5. Assist medical schools and state agencies to develop comprehensive\nprograms to improve the diversity of health personnel workforce by\npromoting health equity clinical training and curriculum improvement,\nand disseminating health career information to high school and college\nstudents.\n  6. Promote community strategic planning to address the complex causes\nof health disparities, including the social determinants of health and\nhealth care delivery systems and networks, in order to improve health\nequity. Strategic network planning and development may include such\nconsiderations as healthful foods, quality housing, economic\nopportunity, social relationships, transportation, and education, as\nwell as health care systems, including associated personnel, capital\nfacilities, reimbursement, primary care, long-term care, acute care,\nrehabilitative, preventive, and related services on the health\ncontinuum.\n  7. Review the impact of programs, regulations, and policies on health\nequity.\n  * NB There are 2 § 241's\n
N.Y. SOS Law § 461 — New York Code / Act SOS / Article 7 / Title 2 / Section 461
Responsibility for standards
Status: in_force

§  461.  Responsibility for standards.  1.  The department shall\npromulgate and may alter or amend regulations effectuating the\nprovisions of this title, including but not limited to establishing\nfiscal, administrative, architectural, safety, nutritional and program\nstandards which apply to all adult care facilities subject to its\ninspection and supervision.  Such regulations may be promulgated,\naltered or amended only after consultation with the board of social\nwelfare, department of mental hygiene, health department and office for\nthe aging.\n  2.  In addition to those standards established pursuant to regulations\nunder subdivision one hereof, the department of mental hygiene may\npropose any supplementary standards relating to the necessity for and\ncontent of programs designed to protect the health and well-being of\nmentally disabled persons, as defined in the mental hygiene law, which\nshall apply to any facility which cares for a significant number of such\npersons.  The promulgation by the department of any regulations adopting\nsuch supplementary standards shall be subject to the approval of the\ndepartment of mental hygiene.\n  3. Nothing contained within this title shall prohibit an operator of\nany adult care facility from exceeding the requirements of this title or\nthe regulations of the department which effectuate the provisions of\nthis title.\n
N.Y. GMU Law § 912-A — New York Code / Act GMU / Article 18-A / Title 2 / Section 912-A
County of Putnam industrial development agency
Status: in_force

* § 912-a. County of Putnam industrial development agency. For the\nbenefit of the county of Putnam and the inhabitants thereof, an\nindustrial development agency, to be known as the COUNTY OF PUTNAM\nINDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT AGENCY, is hereby established for the\naccomplishment of any or all of the purposes specified in title one of\narticle eighteen-A of this chapter. It shall constitute a body corporate\nand politic, and be perpetual in duration. It shall have the powers and\nduties now or hereafter conferred by title one of article eighteen-A of\nthis chapter upon industrial development agencies and provided that the\nexercise of the powers by such agency with respect to the acquisition of\nreal property whether by purchase, condemnation or otherwise, shall be\nlimited to the corporate limits of the county of Putnam, and such agency\nshall take into consideration the local zoning and planning regulations\nas well as the regional and local comprehensive land use plans. It shall\nbe organized in a manner prescribed by and be subject to the provisions\nof title one of article eighteen-A of this chapter. Its members shall be\nappointed by the governing body of the county of Putnam. The agency, its\nmembers, officers and employees and its operations and activities shall\nin all respects be governed by the provisions of title one of article\neighteen-A of this chapter.\n  * NB Agency expired per § 856\n
N.Y. DOM Law § 112 — New York Code / Act DOM / Article 7 / Title 2 / Section 112
General provisions relating to adoption from authorized agencies
Status: in_force

§ 112. General provisions relating to adoption from authorized\nagencies.  In an adoption from an authorized agency the following\nrequirements shall be observed:\n  1. The adoptive parents or parent and the adoptive child must appear\nfor examination before a judge or surrogate of the county specified in\nsection one hundred thirteen of this title. The judge or surrogate,\nhowever, may in his discretion dispense with the personal appearance of\nthe adoptive child or of an adoptive parent who is on active duty in the\narmed forces of the United States.\n  2. The adoptive parents or parent and the adoptive child if over\neighteen years of age must present to such judge or surrogate (a) a\npetition stating the names and place of residence of the petitioners;\nwhether they are of full age; whether they are married or unmarried and,\nif married, whether they are living together as husband and wife; the\nfirst name, date and place of birth of the adoptive child as nearly as\nthe same can be ascertained; a statement on information and belief that\nthere will be annexed to the petition a schedule verified by a duly\nconstituted official of the authorized agency as required by this\nsection; the religious faith of the petitioners; the religious faith of\nthe adoptive child and his or her parents as nearly as the same can be\nascertained; the manner in which the adoptive parents obtained the\nadoptive child; whether the child was placed or brought into the state\nof New York from out of state for the purpose of adoption, whether the\nplacement was subject to the provisions of section three hundred\nseventy-four-a of the social services law and if the placement was\nsubject to the provisions of such section, whether the provisions of\nsuch section were complied with; the period of time during which the\nadoptive child has resided with the adoptive parents; the occupation and\napproximate income of the petitioners, including support and\nmaintenance, if any, to be received on behalf of the adoptive child from\na commissioner of social services, pursuant to the social services law,\nand the new name, if any, by which the adoptive child is to be known;\nwhether the adoptive parent or parents has or have knowledge that an\nadoptive parent is the subject of an indicated report, as such terms are\ndefined in section four hundred twelve of the social services law, filed\nwith the statewide central register of child abuse and maltreatment\npursuant to title six of article six of the social services law, or has\nbeen the subject of or the respondent in a child protective proceeding\ncommenced under article ten of the family court act, which proceeding\nresulted in an order finding that the child is an abused or neglected\nchild; that no previous application has been made to any court or judge\nfor the relief sought or if so made, the disposition of it and a\nstatement as to whether the adoptive child had been previously adopted,\nall of which statements shall be taken prima facie as true; (b) an\nagreement on the part of the adoptive parents or parent to adopt and\ntreat the adoptive child as their or his or her own lawful child; (c)\nthe consents required by section one hundred eleven of this article.\n  2-a. In the petition provided for in subdivision two of this section,\nthe adoptive parents or parent and the adoptive child if over eighteen\nyears of age shall present to the judge or surrogate as nearly as can be\nascertained the heritage of the parents, which shall include\nnationality, ethnic background and race; education, which shall be the\nnumber of years of school completed by the parents at the time of the\nbirth of the adoptive child; general physical appearance of the parents\nat the time of the birth of the adoptive child, which shall include\nheight, weight, color of hair, eyes, skin; occupation of the parents at\nthe time of the birth of the adoptive child; health and medical history\nof the parents at the time of the birth of the adoptive child, including\nall available information setting forth conditions or diseases believed\nto be hereditary, any drugs or medication taken during the pregnancy by\nthe child's mother; and any other information which may be a factor\ninfluencing the child's present or future health, talents, hobbies and\nspecial interests of parents. The petition shall also include the names\nand current addresses of the biological parents, if known.\n  3. The authorized agency must present to such judge or surrogate a\nschedule to be annexed to the petition which shall be verified by a duly\nconstituted official of the authorized agency having custody of the\nadoptive child or actually placing the child for adoption and shall\ncontain (1) the full name of the child, (2) the manner in which the\nauthorized agency obtained custody of the adoptive child, (3) the facts,\nif any, which render unnecessary the consent of either or both of the\nparents of the adoptive child, (4) a statement whether either parent had\never requested the agency to return the child to the parent, within\nthirty days of the execution and delivery of an instrument of surrender\nto an authorized agency and, if so, all facts relating thereto. If a\nrequest for return of the child to a parent be made after the\npresentation to the court of the petition and schedule, the authorized\nagency shall promptly report to the court in writing the facts relating\nthereto and (5) all available information comprising the child's medical\nhistory. If the child was placed into the state of New York for the\npurpose of adoption and such placement was subject to the provisions of\nsection three hundred seventy-four-a of the social services law, the\nauthorized agency shall attach to the petition a copy of the document,\nsigned by New York's administrator of the interstate compact for the\nplacement of children or his designee, which informs the agency or\nperson who placed the child into the state that such placement complied\nwith the provisions of the compact.\n  4. None of the papers in the proceeding shall state the surname of the\nchild in the title and no petition, agreement, consent, affidavit, nor\nany other document which is required to be signed by the adoptive\nparents shall contain the surname of the adoptive child.\n  5. The petition must be verified, the agreement and consents executed\nand acknowledged and the proof given by the respective persons before\nsuch judge or surrogate; but where the verification, agreement or\nnecessary consent is duly acknowledged or proved and certified in form\nsufficient to entitle a conveyance to be recorded in this state, (except\nthat when executed and acknowledged within the state of New York, no\ncertificate of the county clerk shall be required), such judge or\nsurrogate may grant the order of adoption without the personal\nappearance of such persons or parties or any of them for good cause\nshown, which reason shall be recited in the order of adoption.\n  6. Where the adoptive child is less than eighteen years of age, no\norder of adoption shall be made until such child has resided with the\nadoptive parents for at least three months unless the judge or surrogate\nin his discretion shall dispense with such period of residence and shall\nrecite in the order the reason for such action. When the adoptive\nparents are the foster parents in whose home the adoptive child has been\nplaced out or boarded out for a period in excess of three months, such\nperiod shall be deemed to constitute the required period of residence.\n  7. Before making an order of adoption the judge or surrogate shall\ninquire of the department of social services and the department shall\ninform the court whether an adoptive parent is the subject of an\nindicated report, as such terms are defined in section four hundred\ntwelve of the social services law, filed with the statewide central\nregister of child abuse and maltreatment pursuant to title six of\narticle six of the social services law and shall cause to be made an\ninvestigation by a disinterested person or by an authorized agency\nspecifically designated by the judge or surrogate to examine into the\nallegations set forth in the petition and to ascertain such other facts\nrelating to the adoptive child and adoptive parents as will give such\njudge or surrogate adequate basis for determining the propriety of\napproving the adoption. A written report of such investigation shall be\nsubmitted before the order of adoption is made. As used in this\nsubdivision, "disinterested person" includes the probation service of\nthe family court. Such an inquiry shall not be required if the findings\nof such an inquiry made within the past twelve months is available to\nthe judge or surrogate.\n  7-a. Any order subject to the provisions of this section shall include\nan adoption information registry birth parent registration consent form,\nstating whether or not such biological parent or parents whose consent\nis subject to the provisions of this section, consents to the receipt of\nidentifying information by the child to be adopted upon registration\nwith the adoption information registry established by section forty-one\nhundred thirty-eight-c of the public health law and upon the adoptee\nreaching the age of eighteen. If such consent is made, it shall be\nrevocable by either of the biological parents at any time. The\nrevocation of the consent by one of the parents shall revoke the consent\nof both parents. The failure of a biological parent to complete the\nconsent form shall have no effect on the finality of the consent to\nadoption. A copy of the form required by this subdivision, shall be\nforwarded to the state adoption information registry for inclusion in\nthe records maintained by such registry. Any fees authorized to be\ncharged by the state adoption registry for filing documentation with\nsuch registry shall be waived for the form required by this subdivision.\n  8. Rules of court shall permit the filing of a petition for adoption\nof a child whose custody and guardianship has not yet been committed to\nan authorized agency where a proceeding to terminate parental rights is\npending. Such adoption petition shall be filed in the court where the\ntermination of parental rights proceeding is pending. The clerk of such\ncourt shall accept the adoption petition for filing and processing and\nshall request such inquiries of the department of social services as are\nrequired by subdivision seven of this section, provided, however, that\nthe petition, supporting documents and the fact of their filing shall\nnot be provided to the judge before whom the petition for termination of\nparental rights is pending until such time as fact-finding is concluded\nunder such petition.\n
N.Y. PBA Law § 1045-AA — New York Code / Act PBA / Article 5 / Title 2-A / Section 1045-AA
Separability clause
Status: in_force

§ 1045-aa. Separability clause. If any section, clause or provision in\nthis title shall be held by a competent court to be unconstitutional or\nineffective in whole or in part, to the extent that it is not\nunconstitutional or ineffective, it shall be valid and effective, and no\nother section, clause or provision shall on account thereof be deemed\ninvalid or ineffective.\n
N.Y. PBH Law § 3321 — New York Code / Act PBH / Article 33 / Title 2 / Section 3321
Exempt distribution
Status: in_force

§ 3321. Exempt distribution. 1. The commissioner by regulation or\nruling may exempt from the licensing requirements of this title:\n  (a) the return of controlled substances to a manufacturer, registered\noutsourcing facility or distributor by a practitioner or pharmacy;\n  (b) the sale of controlled substances by a pharmacy or practitioner to\na pharmacy or practitioner for the immediate needs of the pharmacy or\npractitioner receiving such substances; and\n  (c) the disposition of controlled substances by a person in lawful\npossession thereof who, not in the ordinary course of business, wishes\nto discontinue such possession.\n  2. Records of such transactions shall be prepared and maintained and\nreports filed in such manner as the commissioner shall require.\n
N.Y. PBH Law § 2550 — New York Code / Act PBH / Article 25 / Title 2-A / Section 2550
Responsibilities of lead agency
Status: in_force

§ 2550. Responsibilities of lead agency. 1. The lead agency is\nresponsible for the general administration and supervision of programs\nand activities receiving assistance under this title, and the monitoring\nof programs and activities used by the state to carry out this title,\nwhether or not such programs or activities are receiving assistance made\navailable under this title, to ensure that the state complies with the\nprovisions of this title.\n  2. In meeting the requirements of subdivision one of this section, the\nlead agency shall adopt and use proper methods of administering the\nearly intervention program, including:\n  (a) establishing standards for evaluators, service coordinators and\nproviders of early intervention services;\n  (b) approving, and periodically re-approving evaluators, service\ncoordinators and providers of early intervention services who meet\ndepartment standards; provided however that the department may require\nthat approved evaluators, service coordinators and providers of early\nintervention services enter into agreements with the department in order\nto conduct evaluations or render service coordination or early\nintervention services in the early intervention program. Such agreements\nshall set forth the terms and conditions of participation in the\nprogram. If the department requires that such providers enter into\nagreements with the department for participation in the program,\n"approval" or "approved" as used in this title shall mean a provider who\nis approved by the department in accordance with department regulations\nand has entered into an agreement with the department for the provision\nof evaluations, service coordination or early intervention services. The\ndepartment shall use best efforts to ensure provider capacity in the\nearly intervention program.\n  (c) monitoring of agencies, institutions and organizations under this\ntitle and agencies, institutions and organizations providing early\nintervention services which are under the jurisdiction of a state early\nintervention service agency;\n  (d) enforcing any obligations imposed on those agencies under this\ntitle or Part H of the federal individuals with disabilities education\nact and its regulations;\n  (e) providing training and technical assistance to those agencies,\ninstitutions and organizations, including initial and ongoing training\nand technical assistance to municipalities to help enable them to\nidentify, locate and evaluate eligible children, develop IFSPs, ensure\nthe provision of appropriate early intervention services, promote the\ndevelopment of new services, where there is a demonstrated need for such\nservices and afford procedural safeguards to infants and toddlers and\ntheir families;\n  (f) correcting deficiencies that are identified through monitoring;\nand\n  (g) in monitoring early intervention services, the commissioner shall\nprovide municipalities with the results of any review of early\nintervention services undertaken and shall provide the municipalities\nwith the opportunity to comment thereon.\n  3. The commissioner, through a comprehensive system of personnel\ndevelopment, shall promote the availability of qualified personnel to\nprovide evaluations and early intervention services to eligible children\nand their families.\n
N.Y. PBA Law § 1374 — New York Code / Act PBA / Article 6 / Title 2 / Section 1374
Effect of inconsistent provisions
Status: in_force

§ 1374. Effect of inconsistent provisions. Insofar as the provisions\nof this title are inconsistent with the provisions of any other law,\ngeneral, special or local, the provisions of this title shall be\ncontrolling.\n
N.Y. RPT Law § 446 — New York Code / Act RPT / Article 4 / Title 2 / Section 446
Cemeteries
Status: in_force

§ 446. Cemeteries. 1. Real property actually and exclusively used for\ncemetery purposes shall be exempt from taxation and exempt from special\nad valorem levies and special assessments.\n  2. In addition to the exemption provided in subdivision one of this\nsection, unimproved land, which is not presently used for cemetery\npurposes, but in which interments are reasonably and in good faith\nanticipated, shall be exempt from taxation, special ad valorem levies\nand special assessments. An exemption pursuant to this subdivision shall\nbe granted only upon application by the owner of the property on a form\nprescribed by the commissioner. The application shall be filed with the\nassessor of the appropriate county, city, town or village on or before\nthe taxable status date of such county, city, town or village.\n  3. The term "cemetery purposes", as used in this section shall mean\nland and buildings, whether privately or publicly owned or operated,\nused for the disposal or burial of deceased human beings, by cremation\nor in a grave, mausoleum, vault, columbarium or other receptacle. Such\nterm shall also include land and buildings actually used and essential\nto the providing of cemetery purposes including, but not limited to, the\non site residence of a full-time caretaker and a storage facility for\nnecessary tools and equipment.\n  4. No real property shall be entitled to receive an exemption pursuant\nto this section if the owner or operator of such real property or any\nofficer, member or employee thereof, shall receive or may be lawfully\nentitled to receive any pecuniary profit from the operations thereof,\nother than reasonable compensation for services performed, or, if the\nownership or operation is a guise or pretense for directly or indirectly\nmaking any other pecuniary profit for such owner or operator or for any\nof its officers, members or employees.\n
N.Y. PBA Law § 1045-B — New York Code / Act PBA / Article 5 / Title 2-A / Section 1045-B
Definitions
Status: in_force

§ 1045-b. Definitions. As used or referred to in this title, unless a\ndifferent meaning clearly appears from the context:\n  1. "Authority" shall mean the public benefit corporation created by\nsection one thousand forty-five-c of this title, known as the New York\ncity municipal water finance authority.\n  2. "Bonds" shall mean bonds, notes or other evidences of indebtedness\nissued by the authority pursuant to this title and the provisions of\nthis title relating to bonds and bondholders shall apply with equal\nforce and effect to notes and noteholders, respectively, unless the\ncontext otherwise clearly requires.\n  3. "City" shall mean the city of New York.\n  4. "Comptroller" shall mean the comptroller of the city.\n  5. "Construction" shall mean the acquisition, erection, building,\nalteration, improvement, increase, enlargement, extension,\nreconstruction, renovation or rehabilitation of a water, sewerage or\nwater and sewerage system or water project, as the case may be, as\ndefined herein; the inspection and supervision thereof; and the\nengineering, architectural, legal, fiscal and economic and environmental\ninvestigations and studies, surveys, designs, plans, working drawings,\nspecifications, procedures and other actions incidental thereto and\nclaims arising therefrom.\n  6. "Contracting agency" shall mean any municipality, agency, authority\nor board, state agency, public authority or public benefit corporation\nauthorized to award contracts for design, construction, services or\nmaterials for water projects authorized by this title.\n  7. (a) "Cost", as applied to any water project, shall include the cost\nof construction, the cost of the acquisition of all property, including\nboth real, personal and mixed, the cost of demolishing, removing or\nrelocating any buildings or structures on lands so acquired, including\nthe cost of acquiring any lands to which such buildings or structures\nmay be moved or relocated, the cost of all systems, facilities,\nmachinery, apparatus and equipment, financing charges, interest prior\nto, during and after construction to the extent not paid or provided for\nfrom revenues or other sources, the cost of engineering and\narchitectural surveys, plans and specifications, the cost of\nconsultants' and legal services, the cost of lease guarantee or bond\ninsurance, other expenses necessary, reasonably related or incidental to\nthe construction of such water project and the financing of the\nconstruction thereof, including the amount authorized in the resolution\nof the authority providing for the issuance of bonds to be paid into any\nreserve or other special fund from the proceeds of such bonds and the\nfinancing of the placing of any water project in operation, including\nreimbursement to any municipality, state agency, the state, the United\nStates government, or any other person for expenditures that would be\ncosts of the water project hereunder.\n  (b) Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph (a) of this\nsubdivision, with respect to any fund established to support a program\nof water projects in Westchester and Putnam counties from the proceeds\nof bonds issued pursuant to this chapter, "cost" as applied to any water\nproject shall also include any interest paid after January twenty-first,\nnineteen hundred ninety-seven, without any other limitation as to when\npaid and without regard to the availability of any other sources of\npayment therefor, on bonds, notes or other evidences of indebtedness\nissued by any local governmental entity after January twenty-first,\nnineteen hundred ninety-seven to finance expenditures that would\notherwise be costs of such water projects.\n  8. "Mayor" shall mean the mayor of the city of New York.\n  9. "Municipal bond" shall mean a bond, note or other evidence of\nindebtedness lawfully issued by the city pursuant to the local finance\nlaw or any other law applicable thereto.\n  10. "Person" shall mean any person, firm, partnership, association, or\ncorporation organized or existing under the laws of the state or any\nother state, exclusive of public corporations as defined pursuant to\narticle two-A of the general construction law.\n  11. "Real property" shall mean lands, structures, franchises and\ninterests in land, waters, lands under water, groundwater riparian\nrights and air rights and any and all things and rights included within\nsaid term and includes not only fees simple absolute, but also any and\nall lesser interests including, but not limited to, easements, rights of\nway, uses, leases, licenses and all other incorporeal hereditaments and\nevery estate, interest or rights, legal or equitable, including terms\nfor years and liens thereon by way of judgments, mortgages or otherwise.\n  12. "Sewage" shall mean the water-carried human or animal wastes from\nresidences, buildings, industrial establishments or other places,\ntogether with such groundwater infiltration and surface water as may be\npresent. The admixture with sewage of industrial or other waste also\nshall be considered "sewage" within the meaning of this title.\n  13. "Sewerage facility" or "sewerage facilities" shall mean any\nplants, structures and other real and personal property acquired,\nrehabilitated or constructed or planned for the purpose of collecting,\ntreating and disposing of sewage, including main, trunk, intercepting,\nconnecting, lateral, outlet or other sewers, outfall, pumping stations,\ntreatment and disposal plants, groundwater recharge basins, back-flow\nprevention devices, sludge dewatering or disposal equipment and\nfacilities, clarifiers, filters, phosphorous removal equipment, and\nother plants, structures, equipment, vehicles, conveyances, real or\npersonal property or rights therein and appurtenances thereto necessary\nor useful and convenient for the collection, conveyance, pumping,\ntreatment, neutralizing, storing and disposing of sewage.\n  14. "Sewerage system" shall mean the sewage collection, pumping,\ntreatment neutralizing, storage and disposal system or systems in the\npossession of, or under the jurisdiction and control of, the city or the\nwater board, including all additions, increases, enlargements,\nextensions or improvements thereto.\n  15. "State" shall mean the state of New York.\n  16. "State agency" shall mean any state office, department, board,\ncommission, bureau or division, or other agency or instrumentality of\nthe state.\n  17. "System revenues" shall mean rents, fees, charges, payments and\nother income and receipts derived from users of a water system or\nsewerage system of the city or the water board including, without\nlimiting the generality of the foregoing, investment proceeds and\nproceeds of insurance, condemnation, sale or other disposition of any\npart thereof, together with all federal or state aid therefor.\n  18. "Water board" shall mean the water board or a sewer and water\nboard, as the case may be, created by a special act of the state\nlegislature, for the city as a body corporate and politic, constituting\na public benefit corporation, and having the powers and duties as\nprovided in this title.\n  19. "Water facility" or "water facilities" shall mean any plants,\nstructures and other real and personal property acquired, rehabilitated,\nor constructed or planned for the purpose of supplying, distributing or\ntreating water, including but not limited to surface or groundwater\nreservoirs, basins, dams, canals, aqueducts, standpipes, conduits,\npipelines, mains, pumping stations, water distribution systems,\ncompensating reservoirs, intake stations, water-works or sources of\nwater supply, wells, purification or filtration plants or other\ntreatment plants and works, connections, water meters, rights of flowage\nor division and other plants, structures, equipment, conveyances, real\nor personal property or rights therein and appurtenances thereto\nnecessary or useful and convenient for the accumulation, supply,\ntreatment or distribution of water.\n  20. "Water project" shall mean any sewerage facility, water facility\nor water and sewerage facility, as the case may be, including the\nplanning, development, financing or construction thereof.\n  21. "Water system" shall mean the water supply and distribution system\nor systems owned by, in the possession of the city or the water board or\nunder the jurisdiction, control and regulation of the city, including\nall additions, increases, enlargements, extensions or improvements\nthereto.\n
N.Y. GMU Law § 926-I — New York Code / Act GMU / Article 18-A / Title 2 / Section 926-I
Village of Groton industrial development agency
Status: in_force

* § 926-i. Village of Groton industrial development agency. For the\nbenefit of the village of Groton, county of Tompkins, and the\ninhabitants thereof, an industrial development agency, to be known as\nthe village of Groton industrial development agency, is hereby\nestablished for the accomplishment of any or all of the purposes\nspecified in title one of article eighteen-A of this chapter. It shall\nconstitute a body corporate and politic, and be perpetual in duration.\nIt shall have the powers and duties now or hereafter conferred by title\none of article eighteen-A of this chapter upon industrial development\nagencies, provided that the exercise of the powers by such agency with\nrespect to the acquisition of real property whether by purchase,\ncondemnation or otherwise shall be limited to the corporate limits of\nthe village of Groton, and such agency shall abide by the local zoning\nordinances and planning regulations and shall take into consideration\nthe regional and local comprehensive land use plans. It shall be\norganized in a manner prescribed by and be subject to the provisions of\ntitle one of article eighteen-A of this chapter. Its members shall be\nappointed by the governing body of the village of Groton. The agency,\nits members, officers and employees, and its operations and activities\nshall in all respects be governed by the provisions of title one of\narticle eighteen-A of this chapter.\n  * NB Expired July 20, 2003\n
N.Y. PBH Law § 240*2 — New York Code / Act PBH / Article 2 / Title 2-F / Section 240*2
Definitions
Status: in_force

* § 240. Definitions. For the purposes of this article:\n  1. "Underserved populations" shall mean those who have experienced\ninjustices and disadvantages as a result of their race, ethnicity,\nsexual orientation, gender identity, gender expression, disability\nstatus, age, immigration status, and/or socioeconomic status, among\nothers as determined by the commissioner of health.\n  2. "Racially and ethnically diverse area" shall mean a county with a\nnon-white population of forty percent or more, or the service area of an\nagency, corporation, facility or individual providing medical and/or\nhealth services whose non-white population is forty percent or more.\n  3. "Provider" shall mean any agency, corporation, facility, or\nindividual providing medical and/or health care services to underserved\npopulations.\n  4. "Office" shall mean the office of health equity, as created\npursuant to section two hundred forty-one of this title.\n  5. "Health equity council" shall mean that advisory body to the\ncommissioner, created pursuant to the provisions of section two hundred\nforty-three of this title.\n  6. "Health disparities" shall mean measurable differences in health\nstatus, access to care, and quality of care as determined by race,\nethnicity, sexual orientation, gender identity, a preferred language\nother than English, gender expression, disability status, aging\npopulation, immigration status, and socioeconomic status.\n  7. "Health equity" shall mean achieving the highest level of health\nfor all people and shall entail focused efforts to address avoidable\ninequalities by equalizing those conditions for health for those that\nhave experienced injustices, socioeconomic disadvantages, and systemic\ndisadvantages.\n  8. "Social determinants of health" shall mean life-enhancing\nresources, such as availability of healthful foods, quality housing,\neconomic opportunity, social relationships, transportation, education,\nand health care, whose distribution across populations effectively\ndetermines the length and quality of life.\n  * NB There are 2 § 240's\n
N.Y. PEN Law § 496.02 — New York Code / Act PEN / Part 4 / Title Y-2 / Article 496 / Section 496.02
Corrupting the government in the fourth degree
Status: in_force

§ 496.02 Corrupting the government in the fourth degree.\n  A person is guilty of corrupting the government in the fourth degree\nwhen, being a public servant, or acting in concert with a public\nservant, he or she engages in a scheme constituting a systematic ongoing\ncourse of conduct with intent to defraud the state or one or more\npolitical subdivisions of the state or one or more governmental\ninstrumentalities within the state to obtain property, actual services\nor other resources, or obtain property, actual services or other\nresources from the state, or any political subdivision or governmental\ninstrumentality of the state by false or fraudulent pretenses,\nrepresentations or promises, and thereby wrongfully obtains such\nproperty, actual services or other resources.\n  Corrupting the government in the fourth degree is a class E felony.\n
N.Y. RPT Law § 485-Q — New York Code / Act RPT / Article 4 / Title 2 / Section 485-Q
Residential investment exemption; certain cities
Status: in_force

§ 485-q. Residential investment exemption; certain cities. 1.\nResidential real property constructed on or after the first day of July,\ntwo thousand fourteen in cities with a population of not less than\nthirteen thousand five hundred and not more than fourteen thousand,\ndetermined in accordance with the latest decennial census, may be exempt\nfrom city taxation and special ad valorem levies as provided in this\nsection.\n  2. (a) (i) Such real property shall be exempt for a period of one year\nto the extent of fifty per centum of the increase in assessed value\nthereof attributable to such construction and for an additional period\nof nine years provided, however, that the extent of such exemption shall\nbe decreased by five per centum each year during such additional period\nof nine years and such exemption shall be computed with respect to the\n"exemption base". The exemption base shall be the increase in assessed\nvalue as determined in the initial year of such ten year period\nfollowing the filing of an original application, except as provided in\nsubparagraph (ii) of this paragraph.\n  (ii) In any year in which a change in level of assessment of fifteen\npercent or more is certified for a final assessment roll pursuant to the\nrules of the commissioner, the exemption base shall be multiplied by a\nfraction, the numerator of which shall be the total assessed value of\nthe parcel on such final assessment roll (after accounting for any\nphysical or quantity changes to the parcel since the immediately\npreceding assessment roll), and the denominator of which shall be the\ntotal assessed value of the parcel on the immediately preceding final\nassessment roll. The result shall be the new exemption base. The\nexemption shall thereupon be recomputed to take into account the new\nexemption base, notwithstanding the fact that the assessor receives the\ncertification of the change in level of assessment after the completion,\nverification and filing of the final assessment roll. In the event the\nassessor does not have custody of the roll when such certification is\nreceived, the assessor shall certify the recomputed exemption to the\nlocal officers having custody and control of the roll, and such local\nofficers are hereby directed and authorized to enter the recomputed\nexemption certified by the assessor on the roll. The assessor shall give\nwritten notice of such recomputed exemption to the property owner, who\nmay, if he or she believes that the exemption was recomputed\nincorrectly, apply for a correction in the manner provided by title\nthree of article five of this chapter for the correction of clerical\nerrors.\n  (iii) The following table shall illustrate the computation of the city\ntax exemption:\n      Year of exemption                      Percentage of exemption\n              1                                        50\n              2                                        45\n              3                                        40\n              4                                        35\n              5                                        30\n              6                                        25\n              7                                        20\n              8                                        15\n              9                                        10\n             10                                         5\n  (b) No such exemption shall be granted unless:\n  (i) such construction was commenced on or after the first day of\nJanuary, two thousand fourteen or such later date as may be specified by\nlocal law;\n  (ii) the residential real property is situate in a city with a\npopulation of not less than thirteen thousand five hundred and not more\nthan fourteen thousand, determined in accordance with the latest\ndecennial census;\n  (iii) the cost of such construction exceeds the sum of thirty thousand\ndollars or such greater amount as may be specified by local law; and\n  (iv) such construction is completed as may be evidenced by a\ncertificate of occupancy or other appropriate documentation as provided\nby the owner.\n  (c) For purposes of this section the term construction shall not\ninclude ordinary maintenance and repairs.\n  3. Such exemption shall be granted only upon application by the owner\nof such real property on a form prescribed by the commissioner. Such\napplication shall be filed with the assessor of a city with a population\nof not less than thirteen thousand five hundred and not more than\nfourteen thousand, determined in accordance with the latest decennial\ncensus, on or before the appropriate taxable status date of such city\nand within one year from the date of completion of such construction.\n  4. If the assessor is satisfied that the applicant is entitled to an\nexemption pursuant to this section, he or she shall approve the\napplication and such real property shall thereafter be exempt from\ntaxation and special ad valorem levies by a city with a population of\nnot less than thirteen thousand five hundred and not more than fourteen\nthousand, determined in accordance with the latest decennial census, as\nprovided in this section commencing with the assessment roll prepared\nafter the taxable status date referred to in subdivision three of this\nsection. The assessed value of any exemption granted pursuant to this\nsection shall be entered by the assessor on the assessment roll with the\ntaxable property, with the amount of the exemption shown in a separate\ncolumn.\n  5. The provisions of this section shall apply to real property used as\nthe primary residence of the owner.\n  6. In the event that real property granted an exemption pursuant to\nthis section ceases to be used primarily for eligible purposes, the\nexemption granted pursuant to this section shall cease.\n  7. A city with a population of not less than thirteen thousand five\nhundred and not more than fourteen thousand, determined in accordance\nwith the latest decennial census, may, by local law, reduce the per\ncentum of exemption otherwise allowed pursuant to this section;\nprovided, however, that a project in course of construction and\nexemptions existing prior in time to passage of any such local law shall\nnot be subject to any such reduction so effected. Such city upon\nreduction of the per centum of exemption pursuant to this subdivision\nmay thereafter, by local law, increase the per centum of exemption up to\nany per centum not exceeding the maximum allowed by subdivision two or\neleven of this section, whichever is applicable, provided, however, that\nany such local law shall apply only to construction commenced subsequent\nto the effective date of such local law. A copy of all such local laws\nshall be filed with the commissioner and the assessor of the city.\n  8. A city with a population of not less than thirteen thousand five\nhundred and not more than fourteen thousand, determined in accordance\nwith the latest decennial census, may, by local law, establish a date\nfor the commencement of effectiveness of exemption offered pursuant to\nthis section and may provide that the provisions of this section shall\napply only to construction having a greater value than that specified by\nsubdivision two of this section, provided, however, that such amount\nshall not exceed seventy thousand dollars.\n  9. (a) A city with a population of not less than thirteen thousand\nfive hundred and not more than fourteen thousand, determined in\naccordance with the latest decennial census, may, by local law,\nestablish a board to be known as the residential incentive board. The\nmembership and composition of such board shall be set forth in the local\nlaw.\n  (b) The residential incentive board shall present a plan to the\nlegislative body of a city with a population of not less than thirteen\nthousand five hundred and not more than fourteen thousand, determined in\naccordance with the latest decennial census, concerning the various\ntypes of residential real property which should be granted eligibility\nfor an exemption pursuant to subdivision one of this section. Such plan\nshall make a recommendation as to whether the exemption be computed as\nprovided in subdivision two or eleven of this section. In addition, such\nplan shall identify specific geographic areas within which such\nexemptions should be offered. In developing the plan required by this\nparagraph, the board shall consider the planning objectives of a city\nwith a population of not less than thirteen thousand five hundred and\nnot more than fourteen thousand, determined in accordance with the\nlatest decennial census, the necessity of the exemption to the\nattraction or retention of home owners and the economic benefit to the\narea of providing exemptions to home owners.\n  (c) In addition, the board may make recommendations to the legislative\nbody of a city with a population of not less than thirteen thousand five\nhundred and not more than fourteen thousand, determined in accordance\nwith the latest decennial census, with respect to actions it deems\ndesirable to improve the economic climate therein.\n  10. If a city with a population of not less than thirteen thousand\nfive hundred and not more than fourteen thousand, determined in\naccordance with the latest decennial census, establishes a residential\nincentive board, pursuant to subdivision nine of this section, such city\nmay, by local law, restrict real property eligible to receive the\nexemption to real property constructed for those purposes identified in\nthe plan presented by the board. Such local law shall restrict the\navailability of such exemption to the specific geographic areas\nidentified in the plan presented by the board.\n  11. Notwithstanding subdivision two of this section, where a city with\na population of not less than thirteen thousand five hundred and not\nmore than fourteen thousand, determined in accordance with the latest\ndecennial census, adopts restricted exemptions pursuant to subdivision\nten of this section, the local law may provide that such exemptions\nshall be computed pursuant to the following accelerated strategic\nexemption schedule:\n      Year of exemption                      Percentage of exemption\n              1                                        50\n              2                                        45\n              3                                        40\n              4                                        35\n              5                                        30\n              6                                        25\n              7                                        20\n              8                                        15\n              9                                        10\n             10                                         5\n  Provided however, that such local law shall:\n  (i) contain findings that the adoption of this accelerated strategic\nexemption schedule is necessary to encourage targeted residential\ndevelopment, and that the value of the exemptions to be provided is\njustified by the need to broaden the tax base; and\n  (ii) limit the applicability of such schedule to projects where the\ncost of such construction exceeds the sum of seventy thousand dollars;\nand\n  (iii) provide that such exemptions are restricted by geographic areas\nas provided by subdivision ten of this section.\n
N.Y. MRE Law § 135 — New York Code / Act MRE / Article 5 / Title 2 / Section 135
Frame buildings
Status: in_force

§ 135. Frame buildings. It shall be unlawful to erect a frame multiple\ndwelling exceeding two stories in height.\n
N.Y. PBA Law § 4 — New York Code / Act PBA / Article 1 / Title 2 / Section 4
Establishment of the independent authorities budget office
Status: in_force

§ 4. Establishment of the independent authorities budget office. There\nis hereby established the independent authorities budget office as an\nindependent entity within the department of state, which shall have and\nexercise the powers and duties provided by this title.\n
N.Y. PBA Law § 1425 — New York Code / Act PBA / Article 7 / Title 2 / Section 1425
Short title
Status: in_force

§ 1425. Short title. This title may be cited as the "White Plains\nparking authority act".\n
N.Y. ELN Law § 14-203 — New York Code / Act ELN / Article 14 / Title 2 / Section 14-203
Eligibility
Status: in_force

§ 14-203. Eligibility. 1. Terms and conditions. To be eligible for\npublic matching funds under this title, a candidate must:\n  (a) be a candidate in a covered election;\n  (b) meet all the requirements of law to have their name on the ballot,\nsubject to the requirements of subdivision three of section 1-104 and\nsubdivision one of section 6-142 of this chapter;\n  (c) in the case of a covered general or special election, be opposed\nby another candidate on the ballot who is not a write-in candidate;\n  (d) submit a certification in the form of an affidavit, in such form\nas may be prescribed by the PCFB, that sets forth their acceptance of\nand agreement to comply with the terms and conditions for the provision\nof such funds in each covered election and such certification shall be\nsubmitted at least four months before a primary election, or in the case\nof a substitution, no later than one week after a certificate of\nsubstitution is filed for the designation or nomination of such\ncandidate, and on the last day in which a certification of nomination is\nfiled in a special election pursuant to a schedule promulgated by the\nPCFB;\n  (e) be certified as a participating candidate by the PCFB;\n  (f) not make, and not have made, expenditures from or use their\npersonal funds or property or the personal funds or property jointly\nheld with their spouse, or unemancipated children in connection with\ntheir nomination for election or election to a covered office, but may\nmake a contribution to their authorized committee in an amount that does\nnot exceed three times the applicable contribution limit from an\nindividual contributor to candidates for the office that such candidate\nis seeking;\n  (g) meet the threshold for eligibility set forth in subdivision two of\nthis section;\n  (g-1) not owe any payments, repayments, or civil penalties pursuant to\nthis title or any regulations promulgated thereunder, or any similar\npayments, repayments, or civil penalties under any local public campaign\nfinance program within the previous ten years;\n  (h) continue to abide by all requirements during the post-election\nperiod; and\n  (i) not have accepted contributions in amounts exceeding the\ncontribution limits set forth for candidates in paragraphs a and b of\nsubdivision one of section 14-114 of this article during the election\ncycle for which the candidate seeks certification;\n  (i) Provided however, that, if a candidate accepted contributions\nexceeding such limits, such acceptance shall not prevent the candidate\nfrom being certified by the PCFB if the candidate in a reasonable time,\nas determined by rule, pays to the fund or returns to the contributor\nthe portion of any contribution that exceeded the applicable\ncontribution limit.\n  (ii) If the candidate is unable to return such funds in a reasonable\ntime, as determined by rule, because they have already been spent,\nacceptance of contributions exceeding the limits shall not prevent the\ncandidate from being certified by the PCFB if the candidate submits an\naffidavit agreeing to pay to the fund all portions of any contributions\nthat exceeded the limit no later than thirty days before the general\nelection. If a candidate provides the PCFB with such an affidavit, any\ndisbursement of public funds to the candidate shall be reduced by no\nmore than twenty-five percent until the total amount owed by the\ncandidate is repaid.\n  (iii) Nothing in this section shall be interpreted to require a\ncandidate who retains funds raised during any previous election cycle to\nforfeit such funds. Funds raised during a previous election cycle may be\nretained and used by the candidate for the candidate's campaign in the\nnext election cycle but funds shall not qualify for satisfying the\nthreshold for participating in the public campaign finance program\nestablished in this title nor shall they be eligible to be matched. The\nPCFB shall adopt regulations to ensure that contributions that would\nsatisfy the applicable contribution limits authorized in this title\nshall be transferred into the appropriate campaign account.\n  (iv) Contributions received and expenditures made by the candidate or\nan authorized committee of the candidate prior to the effective date of\nthis title shall not constitute a violation of this title. Nothing in\nthis recommendation shall be construed to limit, in any way, any\ncandidate or public official from expending any portion of pre-existing\ncampaign funds for any lawful purpose other than those related to their\ncampaign.\n  (v) A candidate who has raised matchable contributions but, in the\ncase of a covered primary, general or special election, is not opposed\nby another candidate on the ballot who is not a write-in candidate, or\nwho chooses not to accept matchable funds, may retain such contributions\nand apply them in accord with this title to the candidate's next\ncampaign, should there be one, in the next election cycle.\n  (vi) The total amount of public matching funds available to a\nparticipating candidate and their authorized committee for a covered\ngeneral election pursuant to subdivision two of section 14-204 of this\ntitle shall be reduced by any unexpended public matching funds received\nby such candidate and their authorized committee for a covered primary\nelection.\n  2. Threshold for eligibility. (a) The threshold for eligibility for\npublic funding for participating candidates shall be in the case of:\n  (i) governor and lieutenant governor (combined), not less than five\nhundred thousand dollars in contributions including at least five\nthousand matchable contributions shall be counted toward this qualifying\nthreshold;\n  (ii) attorney general and comptroller, not less than one hundred\nthousand dollars in contributions including at least one thousand\nmatchable contributions shall be counted toward this qualifying\nthreshold;\n  (iii) state senator, except as otherwise provided in paragraph (c) of\nthis subdivision, not less than twelve thousand dollars in contributions\nincluding at least one hundred fifty matchable contributions shall be\ncounted toward this qualifying threshold; and\n  (iv) member of the assembly, except as otherwise provided in paragraph\n(c) of this subdivision, not less than six thousand dollars in\ncontributions including at least seventy-five matchable contributions\nshall be counted toward this qualifying threshold.\n  (b) For purposes of achieving the monetary thresholds and the\ncontributor thresholds in paragraph (a) of this subdivision, the first\ntwo hundred fifty dollars of any contribution of more than two hundred\nfifty dollars to a candidate or a candidate's committee is deemed to be\na matchable contribution and shall count toward satisfying such\nthresholds.\n  (b-1) The first two hundred fifty dollars of any contribution or\ncontributions totaling up to a maximum of one thousand fifty dollars in\nthe aggregate to a candidate or candidate's committee shall be\nconsidered a matchable contribution provided that such contribution is\notherwise determined to be valid for public matching funds by the PCFB;\nprovided, however, that only the portion of any such contribution which\nis in excess of two hundred fifty dollars in the aggregate shall not be\ndeemed matchable; and provided further, that any contributions totaling\nover one thousand fifty dollars in the aggregate shall not be matchable\nin any amount.\n  (c) With respect to the minimum dollar threshold for participating\ncandidates for state senate and state assembly, in such districts where\naverage median income ("AMI") is below the AMI as determined by the\nUnited States Census Bureau three years before such election for which\npublic funds are sought, such minimum dollar threshold for eligibility\nshall be reduced by one-third. The PCFB shall make public which\ndistricts are subject to such reduction no later than two years before\nthe first primary election for which funding is sought.\n  (d) Any participating candidate meeting the threshold for eligibility\nin a primary election for one of the foregoing offices shall be applied\nto satisfy the threshold for eligibility for such office in any other\nsubsequent election held in the same calendar year. Any participating\ncandidate who is nominated in a primary election and has participated in\nthe public financing program set forth in this title, shall not be\nrequired to participate in the public financing program for the general\nelection for such office should they choose to run in the general\nelection.\n
N.Y. EDN Law § 1706 — New York Code / Act EDN / Title 2 / Article 35 / Section 1706
Power of removal of member of board of education
Status: in_force

§ 1706. Power of removal of member of board of education.  For cause\nshown, and after giving notice of the charge and opportunity of defense,\nthe commissioner of education may remove any member of a board of\neducation.  Wilful disobedience of any lawful requirement of the\ncommissioner of education, or a want of due diligence in obeying such\nrequirement or wilful violation or neglect of duty is cause for removal.\n
N.Y. RPT Law § 1111 — New York Code / Act RPT / Article 11 / Title 2 / Section 1111
Redemption of residential or farm property in certain tax districts
Status: in_force

§ 1111. Redemption of residential or farm property in certain tax\ndistricts. 1. For purpose of this article:\n  (a) "Farm property" means property which primarily consists of land\nused in agricultural production, as defined in article twenty-five-AA of\nthe agriculture and markets law. A parcel shall be deemed to be farm\nproperty for purposes of this article if the applicable tax roll shows\nthat (i) the parcel is exempt from taxation pursuant to section three\nhundred five or three hundred six of the agriculture and markets law, or\npursuant to section four hundred eighty-three of this chapter, or (ii)\nthe assessor has assigned to the parcel a property classification code\nin the agricultural category.\n  (b) "Residential property" means property which is improved by a one,\ntwo or three family structure used exclusively for residential purposes\nother than property subject to the assessment limitations of section\nfive hundred eighty-one of this chapter and article nine-B of the real\nproperty law. A parcel shall be deemed to be residential property for\npurposes of this article if the applicable tax roll shows that (i) the\nassessor has assigned to the parcel a property classification code in\nthe residential category, or (ii) the parcel has been included in the\nhomestead class in an approved assessing unit, or in class one in a\nspecial assessing unit.\n  (c) "Property classification codes" means the property classification\nsystem prescribed by the commissioner pursuant to section five hundred\ntwo of this chapter and the rules adopted thereunder.\n  2. A tax district may adopt a local law without referendum increasing\nthe redemption period for residential or farm property, or both, to\nthree or four years after lien date. A local law increasing the\nredemption period as authorized by this section may be amended or\nrepealed by local law adopted without referendum. Any such amendment or\nrepeal shall not apply to taxes that shall have become liens while the\nformer local law shall have been effective. A copy of any local law\nadopted pursuant to this section shall be filed with the commissioner\nfor informational purposes within thirty days after the enactment\nthereof.\n  3. When determining whether a parcel qualifies as residential or farm\nproperty for purposes of this article, the enforcing officer shall\nconsider the information appearing on the applicable tax roll. The\nenforcing officer shall also consider any relevant information submitted\nto him or her by the assessor, by the owner, or by any other person with\nan interest in a parcel, subject to the following:\n  (a) If the submission is made after the enforcing officer has filed a\nlist of delinquent taxes pursuant to section eleven hundred twenty-two\nof this article that pertains specifically to property other than\nresidential or farm property, and the enforcing officer determines that\na parcel on the list is residential or farm property, the parcel shall\nbe accorded the redemption period applicable to residential or farm\nproperty, notwithstanding the fact that it appears on the list\npertaining to other property.\n  (b) If the submission is made after the enforcing officer has filed a\npetition of foreclosure pursuant to section eleven hundred twenty-three\nof this article that pertains specifically to properties other than\nresidential or farm properties, and the enforcing officer determines\nthat a parcel affected by the petition is residential or farm property,\nthe enforcing officer shall withdraw the parcel from foreclosure in the\nmanner provided by section eleven hundred thirty-eight of this article.\nProvided, however, that (i) the submission shall not be considered an\nanswer to the foreclosure petition unless interposed as an answer in the\nmanner provided by this article, and (ii) if no answer is interposed,\nand the enforcing officer does not withdraw the parcel from foreclosure,\na judgment in foreclosure may be taken by default as provided by section\neleven hundred thirty-six of this article.\n  (c) No such submission may be accepted after the expiration of the\nredemption period applicable to property which is not residential or\nfarm property.\n  4. In lieu of submitting information to the enforcing officer as\nprovided by this section, or in addition thereto, a respondent may raise\nthe issue in an answer interposed pursuant to this article. If the court\ndetermines that the parcel qualifies as residential or farm property\nand, as such, is not yet subject to foreclosure, the enforcing officer\nshall withdraw the parcel from foreclosure in the manner provided by\nsection eleven hundred thirty-eight of this article.\n  5. If the information appearing on the tax roll does not qualify a\nparcel as residential or farm property, and it is not demonstrated in\nthe manner provided by this section that the parcel is residential or\nfarm property, the parcel shall be presumed not to be residential or\nfarm property for purposes of this article.\n
N.Y. EDN Law § 1907 — New York Code / Act EDN / Title 2 / Article 39 / Section 1907
Transportation of pupils
Status: in_force

§ 1907. Transportation of pupils.  The board of education of such\ncentral high school district may cause transportation to be furnished to\nthe pupils residing in the district who are entitled to attend such\ncentral high school or other public or non-public high school within the\ncentral high school district and who reside so remote from the high\nschool they legally attend that they will be deprived of the privilege\nof attendance thereat unless such transportation is furnished.  The cost\nof such transportation shall be a charge against such central high\nschool district and shall be raised by tax without a vote of the\ndistrict and be paid in the same manner as are any expenditures for the\nsupport and maintenance of such central high school district.  The\ncommissioner of education may, upon sufficient notice to such board of\neducation and after an opportunity to such board to be heard in its\ndefense, issue an order directing such board to provide such\ntransportation.\n
N.Y. ENV Law § 37-0207 — New York Code / Act ENV / Article 37 / Title 2 / Section 37-0207
Exemptions
Status: in_force

§ 37-0207. Exemptions.\n  All packaging and packaging components shall be subject to this title\nexcept the following:\n  1. Those packages or packaging components which have been delivered to\na distributor or manufacturer prior to January 1, 1992; or those\npackages or packaging components with a code indicating date of\nmanufacture that were manufactured prior to January 1, 1992; or\n  2. Those packages or packaging components to which lead, cadmium,\nmercury or hexavalent chromium have been added in the manufacturing,\nforming, printing or distribution process in order to comply with health\nor safety requirements of federal law or for which there is no\npracticable alternative, as determined by the commissioner, provided\nthat the manufacturer of a package or packaging component must petition\nthe department for any exemption from the provisions of this title for a\nparticular package or packaging component based on either criterion;\nprovided further that the department may grant a two year exemption if\nwarranted by the circumstances; and provided further that such an\nexemption may upon meeting either criterion of this subdivision be\nrenewed for two years; or\n  3. Packages and packaging components that exceed the maximum levels\nset forth in subdivision three of section 37-0205 of this title only\nbecause of the addition of post-consumer materials, provided that the\nexemption for this subdivision shall expire on January 1, 1996.\n  4. Until January first, nineteen hundred ninety-four, any glass\ncontainer that is intended for reuse or refilling that uses pigments in\nor on the container that exceed the maximum levels set forth in\nsubdivision three of section 37-0205 of this title.\n
N.Y. RSS Law § 16-B — New York Code / Act RSS / Article 2 / Title 2 / Section 16-B
Notice of change
Status: in_force

§ 16-b. Notice of change.  (1) The comptroller, on or before the\nfifteenth day of October of each year, shall submit to the director of\nthe division of the budget and the chairmen of the senate finance\ncommittee and the assembly ways and means committee written notice of\nany proposed material change in the annual actuarial valuation provided\nfor in this article or any other material change, other than those\nprovided by legislation or resolution, affecting the state's or any\nother participating employer's estimated or actual obligations to the\npension accumulation fund and the New York state public employees group\nlife insurance plan for the succeeding fiscal year.\n  (2) Notwithstanding any provision of law to the contrary, for fiscal\nyears commencing April first, nineteen hundred eighty-eight, April\nfirst, nineteen hundred eighty-nine and April first, nineteen hundred\nninety the actuarial value of assets shall be calculated using the five\nyear smoothing method that was used for the fiscal year commencing April\nfirst, nineteen hundred eighty-seven which method has been determined to\nbe actuarially sound.\n
N.Y. BNK Law § 2001 — New York Code / Act BNK / Article 15 / Title 2 / Section 2001
General corporate powers
Status: in_force

§ 2001. General corporate powers. 1. Every corporation shall have, in\naddition to all other powers granted by this chapter or any other\nstatute of this state, the following powers:\n  (a) To sue and be sued in all courts and to participate in actions and\nproceedings, whether judicial, administrative, arbitrative or otherwise,\nin like cases as natural persons.\n  (b) To have a corporate seal, and to alter such seal at pleasure, and\nto use it by causing it or a facsimile to be affixed or impressed or\nreproduced in any other manner.\n  (c) To adopt, amend or repeal by-laws, including emergency by-laws\nmade pursuant to subdivision sixteen of section twelve of the state\nemergency defense act, relating to the business of the corporation, the\nconduct of its affairs, its rights or powers or the rights or powers of\nits stockholders, directors or officers.\n  (d) To make donations, irrespective of corporate benefit, for the\npublic welfare or for community fund, hospital, charitable, educational,\nscientific, civic or similar purposes, and in time of war or other\nnational emergency in aid thereof.\n  (e) To pay pensions, establish and carry out pension, profit-sharing,\nsavings, thrift and other retirement, incentive and benefit plans,\ntrusts and provisions for any or all of its directors, officers and\nemployees.\n  (f) To have perpetual existence.\n  2. Every corporation, subject to any limitations or other specific\nprovisions contained in this chapter or any other statute of this state\nor its organization certificate, shall have such of the following powers\nas shall be appropriate in conducting the business of the corporation:\n  (a) To purchase, receive, take by grant, gift, devise, bequest or\notherwise, lease, or otherwise acquire, own, hold, improve, employ, use\nand otherwise deal in and with, real or personal property, or any\ninterest therein, wherever situated.\n  (b) To sell, convey, lease, exchange, transfer or otherwise dispose\nof, all or any of its property or any interest therein, wherever\nsituated.\n  (c) To make contracts, give guarantees and incur liabilities.\n  (d) To do business, carry on its operations, and have offices and\nexercise the powers granted by this chapter in any jurisdiction within\nor without the United States.\n  (e) To elect or appoint officers, employees and other agents of the\ncorporation, define their duties, fix their compensation and the\ncompensation of directors, and to indemnify corporate personnel.\n  (f) To be a promoter, partner, member, associate or manager of other\nbusiness enterprises or ventures, or to the extent permitted in any\nother jurisdiction to be an incorporator of other corporations of any\ntype or kind; provided, however, that nothing contained in this\nparagraph shall authorize a banking organization to engage in any\nactivity not otherwise authorized by the laws of New York or by\nregulations of the superintendent.\n  (g) To have and exercise all other powers necessary or appropriate in\nconducting the business of the corporation.\n
N.Y. PBA Law § 540 — New York Code / Act PBA / Article 3 / Title 2 / Section 540
Actions against the authority
Status: in_force

§ 540. Actions against the authority. 1. In every action against the\nauthority for damages, for injuries to real or personal property, or for\nthe destruction thereof, or for personal injuries, the complaint shall\ncontain an allegation that at least thirty days have elapsed since the\ndemand, claim or claims upon which such action is founded were presented\nto a member of the authority, or to its secretary, or to its chief\nexecutive officer and that the authority has neglected or refused to\nmake an adjustment or payment thereof for thirty days after such\npresentment.\n  2. Except in an action for wrongful death, an action against the\nauthority for damages for injuries to real or personal property, or for\nthe destruction thereof, or for personal injuries, alleged to have been\nsustained, shall not be commenced more than one year and ninety days\nafter the cause of action therefor shall have accrued, nor unless a\nnotice of claim shall have been filed within the time limit established\nby and in compliance with section fifty-e of the general municipal law.\n  3. An action against the authority for wrongful death shall be\ncommenced in accordance with the notice of claim and time limitation\nprovisions of title eleven of article nine of this chapter.\n
N.Y. PBA Law § 1048-G — New York Code / Act PBA / Article 5 / Title 2-B / Section 1048-G
General powers of the water board
Status: in_force

§ 1048-g. General powers of the water board. Except as otherwise\nlimited by this title, the water board shall have power:\n  1. To sue and be sued;\n  2. To have a seal and alter the same at pleasure;\n  3. To make and amend by-laws for its organization and internal\nmanagement, and rules and regulations governing the exercise of its\npowers and duties and the fulfillment of its purposes under this title;\n  4. To establish, fix, revise, charge and collect and enforce the\npayment of all fees, rates, rents and other service charges for the use\nof, or services furnished by the water system, so as to receive revenues\nwhich, together with other revenues available to the board, if any,\nshall be at least sufficient at all times so that such system or systems\nshall be placed on a self-sustaining basis in accordance with section\none thousand forty-eight-j of this title;\n  5. To enter into contracts and to execute all instruments necessary or\nconvenient or desirable for the purposes of the water board to carry out\nany powers expressly given it in this title, provided nothing herein\ncontained shall authorize the water board to borrow money or otherwise\ncontract indebtedness;\n  6. To enter into agreements pursuant to sections one thousand\nforty-eight-h and one thousand forty-eight-i of this title with the\nauthority and the city to provide a means whereby the authority shall\nfinance the cost of constructing water projects, as described in the\nagreement, and the water board may agree to assume title to the water\nsystem, and to raise revenues from users through fees, rates, rents or\nother service charges necessary or appropriate to secure such financing\nand to pay the cost of the operation, management and repair of such\nwater system;\n  7. To acquire, purchase, lease as lessee, hold and use any property,\nreal, personal or mixed, or any interest therein necessary or desirable\nto carry out the purposes of this title and, subject to any limitations\nin any agreement with the city entered into pursuant to section one\nthousand forty-eight-h of this title, to sell, lease as lessor, transfer\nor otherwise dispose of any such property or interest therein;\n  8. To appoint such officers and employees as it may require for the\nperformance of its duties, and to fix and determine their\nqualifications, duties, and compensation, subject to the provisions of\nthe civil service law and rules of the civil service commission of the\ncity and to retain or employ counsel, auditors, engineers and private\nconsultants on a contract basis or otherwise for rendering professional\nor technical services and advice;\n  9. To acquire from the city title to the water system of such city;\n  10. To make plans, surveys and studies necessary, convenient or\ndesirable to the effectuation of the purposes and powers of the water\nboard and to prepare recommendations in regard thereto;\n  11. To make use of existing studies, surveys, plans, data and other\nmaterial in the possession of the city in order to avoid duplication of\neffort, and such city is hereby authorized to make the same available to\nthe water board and otherwise to assist it in the performance of its\nfunctions;\n  12. With the consent of the common council of the city to use officers\nor employees of the city and to pay a proper portion of the compensation\nor costs for the services of such officers or employees;\n  13. To conduct investigations and hearings in the furtherance of its\ngeneral purposes, and in aid thereof to have access to any books,\nrecords or papers relevant thereto; and if any person whose testimony\nshall be required for the proper performance of the duties of the water\nboard shall fail or refuse to aid or assist the water board in the\nconduct of any investigation or hearing, or to produce any relevant\nbooks, records or other papers, the water board is authorized to apply\nfor process of subpoena, to issue out of any court of general original\njurisdiction whose process can reach such person, upon due cause shown;\n  14. To apply for and to accept any gifts or grants of funds or\nproperty or financial or other aid in any form from the federal\ngovernment or any agency or instrumentality thereof, or from the state\nor any state agency, the city or from any other sources, for any or all\nof the purposes specified in this title, and to comply, subject to the\nprovisions of this title, with the terms and conditions thereof;\n  15. To invest moneys not required for immediate use or disbursement,\nsubject to such restrictions as may be imposed by any agreement with the\nauthority, in such obligations or deposits with such banks or trust\ncompanies as it may determine and designate, provided that any such\ndeposit with a bank or trust company shall be continuously and fully\nsecured by direct obligations of the city, the state or the United\nStates of America, or obligations the principal of and interest on which\nare guaranteed by the state or the United States of America, of a market\nvalue equal at all times to the amount of the deposit;\n  16. To establish and maintain such reserves, special funds and\naccounts, to be held in trust or otherwise, as may be required by any\nagreement with the authority and the city; and\n  17. To do all things necessary, convenient or desirable to carry out\nits purposes and for the exercise of the powers granted in this title.\n
N.Y. ISC Law § 4915 — New York Code / Act ISC / Article 49 / Title 2 / Section 4915
Prohibited practices
Status: in_force

§ 4915. Prohibited practices. An external appeal agent shall not, with\nrespect to external appeal activities, permit or provide compensation or\nanything of value to its employees, agents, or contractors based on:\n  (a) either a percentage of the amount by which a claim is reduced for\npayment or the number of claims or the cost of services for which the\nperson has denied authorization or payment; or\n  (b) any other method that encourages the upholding of an adverse\ndetermination.\n
N.Y. RPT Law § 844 — New York Code / Act RPT / Article 8 / Title 2 / Section 844
Use of county equalization rates
Status: in_force

§ 844. Use of county equalization rates. 1. In any county to which\nthis title is applicable, county taxes shall be apportioned among the\ncities and towns within the county on the basis of the proportion of the\ntotal full valuation of taxable real property within the county which is\nlocated within each city and town. This total valuation shall be\ndetermined by dividing the taxable assessed value of taxable real\nproperty by the appropriate city or town equalization rate as certified\nby the commissioner pursuant to this title. For purposes of this\nsection:  (a) "taxable real property" excludes real property which, by\nstatute, is wholly exempt from county taxation, (b) "taxable assessed\nvalue" is limited to the assessed value actually subject to county\ntaxation except that it also includes the amount of assessed value\npartially exempt from county taxation pursuant to (i) sections four\nhundred fifty-eight, four hundred sixty and four hundred sixty-four of\nthis chapter, and (ii) such other sections of law as the county\nlegislature designates by resolution to be included in the total\nvaluation. Where the commissioner furnishes the same state equalization\nor special equalization rate for two or more of the cities and towns in\nthe county for use by that county in the apportionment of taxes, the\ncommissioner shall concurrently therewith notify the county that county\ntaxes may be apportioned in the manner provided by subdivision two of\nthis section.\n  2. When the commissioner has furnished the same state equalization or\nspecial equalization rate for two or more of the cities and towns in a\ncounty for use by that county in the apportionment of taxes, the county\nmay apportion its levy as follows: (a) The county shall determine the\namount of county tax to be raised from each city and town in the county\nin accordance with the provisions set forth in subdivision one of this\nsection.\n  (b) For those cities and towns with respect to which the commissioner\nhas furnished the same state equalization or special equalization rate,\nthe amount of county tax to be raised in aggregate from each part of\nsuch city or town is the sum of the amounts determined for each such\ncity and town in accordance with paragraph (a) of this subdivision. This\naggregate amount of school tax shall be apportioned to each such city or\ntown in proportion to the sum of the assessed value actually subject to\nthe taxation for county purposes.\n  3. On or before the first day of February in each year, the clerk of\nthe county legislative body shall transmit to the commissioner, in the\nform prescribed by it, a statement for the preceding calendar year\nshowing the taxable assessed value of taxable real property of each city\nand town; the taxable assessed value upon which the county tax has\nactually been levied; the county equalization rate certified by the\ncommissioner; the full valuation of taxable real property used for\napportioning the tax levy between municipalities; whether any taxes were\napportioned pursuant to the provisions of subdivision two of this\nsection; and a list of the partial exemptions which the county\nlegislature has, by resolution adopted pursuant to this section, elected\nto include in the taxable assessed value actually subject to county\ntaxation. The time for transmitting such statement may be extended by\nthe commissioner for good cause shown by the clerk of the county\nlegislative body.\n  4. If it appears to the board of supervisors of any county that a\nclerical error has been made by the county equalization agency and that\nby reason of such error injustice has been done to one or more cities or\ntowns and that two years have not elapsed since the equalization, the\nerror may be corrected by the board of supervisors. If the equalization\ncannot be corrected before taxes are levied on the basis thereof, such\nboard shall determine the amount of county taxes paid or payable by any\nsuch city or town under such equalization in excess of or less than that\nwhich such city or town would have paid under such equalization as\ncorrected. The excess shall be subtracted, or the deficiency shall be\nadded, from or to the next county tax levy in such city or town as the\nsituation may require.\n
N.Y. MDW Law § 232 — New York Code / Act MDW / Article 7 / Title 2 / Section 232
Fire-escapes
Status: in_force

§ 232. Fire-escapes. 1. All fire-escapes erected after April\neighteenth, nineteen hundred twenty-nine, shall be arranged and\nconstructed in conformity with the provisions of section fifty-three.\n  2. As specifically indicated in subdivision nine of section\nfifty-three, a wire, chain, cable, vertical ladder, or rope fire-escape\nis an unlawful means of egress from any apartment. Every such\nfire-escape shall be removed and replaced, if required as a means of\negress, by a system of fire-escapes constructed and arranged as provided\nin section fifty-three.\n
N.Y. PBH Law § 234 — New York Code / Act PBH / Article 2 / Title 2-C / Section 234
Legislative findings and intent
Status: in_force

§ 234. Legislative findings and intent. The legislature hereby finds,\ndetermines, and declares that:\n  1. There is a necessity to address different approaches to rural\nhealth care delivery in the state. These approaches need to support\ndiverse community and individual needs including unique rural conditions\nsuch as low population density, a large proportion of elderly,\ngeographic isolation, inadequate transportation, absence of economies of\nscale, as well as fluctuating and limited service demands.\n  2. It is often difficult for small, rural health care providers to\nobtain timely information on rural programs.  Also, it is often\nburdensome for these providers to locate the resources to apply for aid\nfrom programs which exist to support rural health care services\ndelivery.\n  3. Both private and public sectors have begun to recognize the urgency\nfor programs that address the unique nature of rural health care access\nand service delivery. New rural health care programs have been estab-\nlished, however, these programs are administered by several\norganizations and municipalities.  Coordination is essential to maximize\ntheir potential impact on the rural community.\n  4. Rural health care providers would greatly benefit if there were a\nsingle office within the department which would coordinate the\nadministration and flow of information on rural health programs by\npromoting innovative and improved approaches to rural health care\ndelivery.\n
N.Y. RPT Law § 466-C*6 — New York Code / Act RPT / Article 4 / Title 2 / Section 466-C*6
Volunteer firefighters and volunteer ambulance workers; certain counties
Status: in_force

* § 466-c. Volunteer firefighters and volunteer ambulance workers;\ncertain counties. 1. Real property owned by an enrolled member of an\nincorporated volunteer fire company, fire department or incorporated\nvoluntary ambulance service or such enrolled member and spouse residing\nin a county with a population of more than one million four hundred\nthousand and less than one million five hundred thousand, according to\nthe latest federal decennial census, shall be exempt from taxation to\nthe extent of ten percent of the assessed value of such property for\ncity, village, town, part town, special district, county or school\ndistrict purposes, exclusive of special assessments, provided that the\ngoverning body of a city, village, town, county or school district,\nafter a public hearing, adopts a local law, ordinance or resolution\nproviding therefor.\n  2. Such exemption shall not be granted to an enrolled member of an\nincorporated volunteer fire company, fire department or incorporated\nvoluntary ambulance service residing in such county unless:\n  (a) the applicant resides in the town which is served by such\nincorporated volunteer fire company or fire department or incorporated\nvoluntary ambulance service;\n  (b) the property is the primary residence of the applicant;\n  (c) the property is used exclusively for residential purposes;\nprovided, however, that in the event any portion of such property is not\nused exclusively for the applicant's residence but is used for other\npurposes, such portion shall be subject to taxation and the remaining\nportion only shall be entitled to the exemption provided by this\nsection; and\n  (d) the applicant has been certified by the authority having\njurisdiction for the incorporated volunteer fire company or fire\ndepartment as an enrolled member of such incorporated volunteer fire\ncompany or fire department for at least five years or the applicant has\nbeen certified by the authority having jurisdiction for the incorporated\nvoluntary ambulance service as an enrolled member of such incorporated\nvoluntary ambulance service for at least five years. It shall be the\nduty and responsibility of the municipality which adopts a local law,\nordinance or resolution pursuant to this section to determine the\nprocedure for certification.\n  3. Any enrolled member of an incorporated volunteer fire company, fire\ndepartment or incorporated voluntary ambulance service who accrues more\nthan twenty years of active service and is so certified by the authority\nhaving jurisdiction for the incorporated volunteer fire company, fire\ndepartment or incorporated voluntary ambulance service, shall be granted\nthe ten percent exemption as authorized by this section for the\nremainder of his or her life as long as his or her primary residence is\nlocated within such a county provided that the governing body of a city,\nvillage, town, county or school district, after a public hearing, adopts\na local law, ordinance or resolution providing therefor.\n  4. Application for such exemption shall be filed with the assessor or\nother agency, department or office designated by the municipality\noffering such exemption on or before the taxable status date on a form\nas prescribed by the commissioner.\n  5. Incorporated volunteer fire companies, fire departments and\nincorporated volunteer ambulance services shall file lists of its\nenrolled members eligible for the exemption provided by this section\nwith the assessor or other agency, department or office designated by\nthe municipality offering such exemption on or before the taxable status\ndate on a form as prescribed by the commissioner.\n  6. No applicant who is a volunteer firefighter or volunteer ambulance\nworker who, by reason of such status is receiving any benefit under the\nprovisions of this article on the effective date of this section, shall\nsuffer any diminution of such benefit because of the provisions of this\nsection.\n  7. (a) For the purposes of this section, title to that portion of real\nproperty owned by a cooperative apartment corporation in which a\ntenant-stockholder of such corporation resides and which is represented\nby his share or shares of stock in such corporation as determined by its\nor their proportional relationship to the total outstanding stock of the\ncorporation, including that owned by the corporation, shall be deemed to\nbe vested in such tenant-stockholder.\n  (b) That proportion of the assessment of such real property owned by a\ncooperative apartment corporation determined by the relationship of such\nreal property vested in such tenant-stockholder to such entire parcel\nand the building thereon owned by such cooperative apartment corporation\nin which such tenant-stockholder resides shall be subject to exemption\nfrom taxation pursuant to this section and any exemption so granted\nshall be credited by the appropriate taxing authority against the\nassessed valuation of such real property. Upon the completion of the\nfinal assessment roll, or as soon thereafter as is practicable, the\nassessor shall forward to the cooperative apartment corporation a\nstatement setting forth the exemption attributable to each eligible\ntenant-stockholder. The reduction in real property taxes realized\nthereby shall be credited by the cooperative apartment corporation\nagainst the amount of such taxes otherwise payable by or chargeable to\nsuch tenant-stockholder.\n  (c) Every cooperative apartment corporation, upon receiving an\nexemption pursuant to this section, shall provide to each eligible\ntenant-stockholder a written statement detailing how the exemption is\nbeing credited to such eligible tenant-stockholder no later than sixty\ndays after such cooperative apartment corporation receives such\nexemption.\n  (d) Real property may be exempt from taxation pursuant to this\nsubdivision by a municipality in which such property is located only if\nthe governing board of such municipality, after public hearing, adopts a\nlocal law, ordinance or resolution providing therefor.\n  * NB There are 7 § 466-c's\n  * NB Repealed December 9, 2028\n
N.Y. PBA Law § 1045-O — New York Code / Act PBA / Article 5 / Title 2-A / Section 1045-O
Bonds of the authority
Status: in_force

§ 1045-o. Bonds of the authority. 1. The authority shall have the\npower and is hereby authorized from time to time to issue bonds, in\nconformity with applicable provisions of the uniform commercial code, in\nsuch principal amounts as it may determine to be necessary to pay the\ncost of any water project or water projects, or for any other corporate\npurposes, including incidental expenses in connection therewith. The\nauthority shall have power from time to time to refund any bonds by the\nissuance of new bonds whether the bonds to be refunded have or have not\nmatured, and may issue bonds partly to refund bonds then outstanding and\npartly for any other corporate purpose. Bonds issued by the authority\nshall be special obligations payable solely out of particular revenues\nor other moneys of the authority as may be designated in the proceedings\nof the authority under which the bonds shall be authorized to be issued,\nsubject to any agreements entered into between the authority and the\ncity, and the authority, the water board and the city, and subject to\nany agreements with the holders of outstanding bonds pledging any\nparticular revenues or moneys.\n  2. The authority is authorized to obtain from any department or agency\nof the United States of America or non-governmental insurer any\ninsurance or guaranty, to the extent now or hereafter available, as to,\nor for the payment or repayment of interest or principal, or both, or\nany part thereof, on any bonds or notes issued by the authority, or on\nany municipal obligations of governmental units purchased or held by the\nauthority; and to enter into any agreement or contract with respect to\nany such insurance or guaranty, except to the extent that the same would\nin any way impair or interfere with the ability of the authority to\nperform and fulfill the terms of any agreement made with the holders of\nthe bonds or notes of the authority.\n  * 3. Bonds shall be authorized by resolution of the authority, be in\nsuch denominations and bear such date or dates, mature at such time or\ntimes, except that bonds and any renewal thereof shall mature within\nforty years of the date of their original issuance and notes and any\nrenewal thereof shall mature within five years of the date of their\noriginal issuance. Such bonds shall be subject to such terms of\nredemption, bear interest at such rate or rates payable at such times,\nbe in such form, carry such registration privileges, be executed in such\nmanner, be payable in such medium of payment at such place or places,\nand be subject to such terms and conditions as such resolution may\nprovide. Bonds may be sold at public or private sale for such price or\nprices as the authority shall determine, provided that no issue of bonds\nmay be sold at private sale unless the terms of such sale shall have\nbeen approved in writing by (i) the comptroller, where such sale is not\nto such comptroller, or (ii) the director of management and budget,\nwhere such sale is to such comptroller.\n  * NB There are 2 sub 3's\n  * 3. Whenever the authority shall determine that the issuance of its\nbonds is appropriate, the mayor and the comptroller shall make a joint\nrecommendation as to the arrangements necessary for the issuance and\nsale of such bonds including the underwriting of such bonds through\nnegotiated agreement or public letting or the private sale of such bonds\nand such recommendation shall include compensation for services rendered\nas they deem appropriate. The mayor and the comptroller shall recommend\nto the authority the price or prices, interest rate or rates, maturities\nand other terms and conditions for the issuance of the bonds, except\nthat bonds and any renewal thereof shall mature within forty years of\nthe date of their original issuance and notes and any renewal thereof\nshall mature within five years of the date of their original issuance.\nFollowing such recommendation, bonds shall be authorized by resolution\nof the authority which shall set forth the arrangements for the issuance\nof the bonds, the price or prices, the interest rate or rates,\nmaturities, terms of redemption, form and other terms of the bonds. Such\nresolution and the minutes of the authority related thereto shall be\ntransmitted to the mayor and the comptroller for their approval or\ndisapproval thereof. Approval of such resolution shall be indicated by\nthe execution of the resolution by the mayor and the comptroller\nwhereupon such resolution shall come into full force and effect in\naccordance with its terms.\n  * NB There are 2 sub 3's\n  4. Any resolution or resolutions authorizing bonds or any issue of\nbonds may contain provisions which may be a part of the contract with\nthe holders of the bonds thereby authorized as to:\n  (a) pledging all or part of its revenues, together with any other\nmoneys, securities, contracts or property, to secure the payment of the\nbonds, subject to such agreements with bondholders as may then exist;\n  (b) the setting aside of reserves and the creation of sinking funds\nand the regulation and disposition thereof;\n  (c) limitations on the purpose to which the proceeds from the sale of\nbonds may be applied;\n  (d) limitations on the right of the authority to restrict and regulate\nthe use of any project or part thereof in connection with which bonds\nare issued;\n  (e) limitations on the issuance of additional bonds, the terms upon\nwhich additional bonds may be issued and secured and the refunding of\noutstanding or other bonds;\n  (f) the procedure, if any, by which the terms of any contract with\nbondholders may be amended or abrogated, including the proportion of\nbondholders which must consent thereto and the manner in which such\nconsent may be given;\n  (g) the creation of special funds into which any revenues or other\nmoneys may be deposited;\n  (h) the terms and provisions of any trust, deed or indenture securing\nthe bonds under which the bonds may be issued;\n  (i) vesting in a trustee or trustees such properties, rights, powers\nand duties in trust as the authority may determine, which may include\nany or all of the rights, powers and duties of the trustee appointed by\nthe bondholders pursuant to section one thousand forty-five-p of this\ntitle and limiting or abrogating the rights of the bondholders to\nappoint a trustee under such section or limiting the rights, duties and\npowers of such trustee;\n  (j) defining the acts or omissions to act which may constitute a\ndefault in the obligations and duties of the authority to the\nbondholders and providing for the rights and remedies of the bondholders\nin the event of such default, including as a matter of right the\nappointment of a receiver, provided, however, that such rights and\nremedies shall not be inconsistent with the general laws of the state\nand other provisions of this title;\n  (k) limitations on the amount of revenues and other moneys to be\nexpended for operating, administrative or other expenses of the\nauthority;\n  (l) the payment of the proceeds of bonds, revenues and other moneys to\na trustee or other depository, and for the method of disbursement\nthereof with such safeguards and restrictions as the authority may\ndetermine; and\n  (m) any other matters of like or different character which in any way\naffect the security or protection of the bonds or the rights and\nremedies of bondholders.\n  5. In addition to the powers herein conferred upon the authority to\nsecure its bonds, the authority shall have power in connection with the\nissuance of bonds to enter into such agreements as the authority may\ndeem necessary, consistent or desirable concerning the use or\ndisposition of its revenues or other moneys or property, including the\nmortgaging of any property and the entrusting, pledging or creation of\nany other security interest in any such revenues, moneys or property and\nthe doing of any act, including refraining from doing any act, which the\nauthority would have the right to do in the absence of such agreements.\nThe authority shall have power to enter into amendments of any such\nagreements within the powers granted to the authority by this title and\nto perform such agreements. The provisions of any such agreements may be\nmade a part of the contract with the holders of bonds of the authority.\n  6. Any provision of the uniform commercial code to the contrary\nnotwithstanding, any pledge of or other security interest in revenues,\nmoneys, accounts, contract rights, general intangibles or other personal\nproperty made or created by the authority shall be valid, binding and\nperfected from the time when such pledge is made or other security\ninterest attaches without any physical delivery of the collateral or\nfurther act, and the lien of any such pledge or other security interest\nshall be valid, binding and perfected against all parties having claims\nof any kind in tort, contract or otherwise against the authority\nirrespective of whether or not such parties have notice thereof. No\ninstrument by which such a pledge or security interest is created nor\nany financing statement need be recorded or filed.\n  7. Whether or not the bonds of the authority are of such form and\ncharacter as to be negotiable instruments under the terms of the uniform\ncommercial code, the bonds are hereby made negotiable instruments within\nthe meaning of and for all the purposes of the uniform commercial code,\nsubject only to the provisions of the bonds for registration.\n  8. Neither the directors of the authority nor any person executing\nbonds shall be liable personally thereon or be subject to any personal\nliability or accountability solely by reason of the issuance thereof.\n  9. The authority, subject to such agreements with bondholders as then\nmay exist, shall have power out of any moneys available therefor to\npurchase bonds of the authority, which shall thereupon be cancelled, at\na price not exceeding (i) if the bonds are then redeemable, the\nredemption price then applicable, plus accrued interest to the next\ninterest payment date, or (ii) if the bonds are not then redeemable, the\nredemption price applicable on the first date after such purchase upon\nwhich the bonds become subject to redemption, plus accrued interest to\nthe next interest payment date.\n
N.Y. EDN Law § 2801 — New York Code / Act EDN / Title 2 / Article 55 / Section 2801
Codes of conduct on school property
Status: in_force

§ 2801. Codes of conduct on school property. 1. For purposes of this\nsection, school property means in or within any building, structure,\nathletic playing field, playground, parking lot or land contained within\nthe real property boundary line of a public elementary or secondary\nschool; or in or on a school bus, as defined in section one hundred\nforty-two of the vehicle and traffic law; and a school function shall\nmean a school-sponsored or school-authorized extra-curricular event or\nactivity regardless of where such event or activity takes place,\nincluding any event or activity that may take place in another state.\n  2. The board of education or the trustees, as defined in section two\nof this chapter, of every school district within the state, however\ncreated, and every board of cooperative educational services and county\nvocational extension board, shall adopt and amend, as appropriate, a\ncode of conduct for the maintenance of order on school property,\nincluding a school function, which shall govern the conduct of students,\nteachers and other school personnel as well as visitors and shall\nprovide for the enforcement thereof. Such policy may be adopted by the\nschool board or trustees only after at least one public hearing that\nprovides for the participation of school personnel, parents, students\nand any other interested parties. Such code of conduct shall include, at\na minimum:\n  a. provisions regarding conduct, dress and language deemed appropriate\nand acceptable on school property, including a school function, and\nconduct, dress and language deemed unacceptable and inappropriate on\nschool property, including a school function, and provisions regarding\nacceptable civil and respectful treatment of teachers, school\nadministrators, other school personnel, students and visitors on school\nproperty, including a school function, including the appropriate range\nof disciplinary measures which may be imposed for violation of such\ncode, and the roles of teachers, administrators, other school personnel,\nthe board of education and parents;\n  b. standards and procedures to assure security and safety of students\nand school personnel;\n  c. provisions for the removal from the classroom and from school\nproperty, including a school function, of students and other persons who\nviolate the code;\n  d. disciplinary measures to be taken in incidents involving the\npossession or use of illegal substances or weapons, the use of physical\nforce, vandalism, violation of another student's civil rights and\nthreats of violence;\n  e. provisions for detention, suspension and removal from the classroom\nof students, consistent with section thirty-two hundred fourteen of this\nchapter and other applicable federal, state and local laws including\nprovisions for the school authorities to establish policies and\nprocedures to ensure the provision of continued educational programming\nand activities for students removed from the classroom, placed in\ndetention, or suspended from school;\n  f. procedures by which violations are reported, determined, discipline\nmeasures imposed and discipline measures carried out;\n  g. provisions ensuring such code and the enforcement thereof are in\ncompliance with state and federal laws relating to students with\ndisabilities;\n  h. provisions setting forth the procedures by which local law\nenforcement agencies shall be notified of code violations which\nconstitute a crime;\n  i. provisions setting forth the circumstances under and procedures by\nwhich persons in parental relation to the student shall be notified of\ncode violations;\n  j. provisions setting forth the circumstances under and procedures by\nwhich a complaint in criminal court, a juvenile delinquency petition or\nperson in need of supervision petition as defined in articles three and\nseven of the family court act will be filed;\n  k. circumstances under and procedures by which referral to appropriate\nhuman service agencies shall be made;\n  l. a minimum suspension period, for students who repeatedly are\nsubstantially disruptive of the educational process or substantially\ninterfere with the teacher's authority over the classroom, provided that\nthe suspending authority may reduce such period on a case by case basis\nto be consistent with any other state and federal law. For purposes of\nthis section, the definition of "repeatedly are substantially\ndisruptive" shall be determined in accordance with the regulations of\nthe commissioner;\n  m. a minimum suspension period for acts that would qualify the pupil\nto be defined as a violent pupil pursuant to paragraph a of subdivision\ntwo-a of section thirty-two hundred fourteen of this chapter, provided\nthat the suspending authority may reduce such period on a case by case\nbasis to be consistent with any other state and federal law; and\n  n. provisions to comply with article two of this chapter.\n  * 3. The district code of conduct shall be developed in collaboration\nwith student, teacher, administrator, and parent organizations, school\nsafety personnel and other school personnel and shall be approved by the\nboard of education, or other governing body, or by the chancellor of the\ncity school district in the case of the city school district of the city\nof New York. In the city school district of the city of New York, each\ncommunity district education council shall be authorized to adopt and\nimplement additional policies, which are consistent with the city\ndistrict's district-wide code of conduct, to reflect the individual\nneeds of each community school district provided that such additional\npolicies shall require the approval of the chancellor.\n  * NB Effective until June 30, 2028\n  * 3. The district code of conduct shall be developed in collaboration\nwith student, teacher, administrator, and parent organizations, school\nsafety personnel and other school personnel and shall be approved by the\nboard of education, or other governing body, or by the chancellor of the\ncity school district in the case of the city school district of the city\nof New York. In the city school district of the city of New York, each\ncommunity school district board shall be authorized to adopt and\nimplement additional policies, which are consistent with the city\ndistrict's district-wide code of conduct, to reflect the individual\nneeds of each community school district provided that such additional\npolicies shall require the approval of the chancellor.\n  * NB Effective June 30, 2028\n  4. The board of education, chancellor or other governing body shall\nprovide copies of a summary of the code of conduct to all students at a\ngeneral assembly held at the beginning of the school year and shall make\ncopies of the code available to persons in parental relation to students\nat the beginning of each school year, and shall mail a plain language\nsummary of such code to all persons in parental relation to students\nbefore the beginning of each school year, and make it available\nthereafter upon request. The board of education, chancellor or other\ngoverning body shall take reasonable steps to ensure community awareness\nof the code provisions.\n  5. a. The board of education, chancellor or other governing body shall\nannually review and update the district's codes of conduct if necessary,\ntaking into consideration the effectiveness of code provisions and the\nfairness and consistency of its administration. Each school district is\nauthorized to establish a committee and to facilitate the review of the\ncode of conduct and the district's response to code of conduct\nviolations. Any such committee shall be comprised of similar individuals\ndescribed in subdivision three of this section. The school board,\nchancellor, or other governing body shall reapprove any such updated\ncode only after at least one public hearing that provides for the\nparticipation of school personnel, parents, students and any other\ninterested parties.\n  b. Each district shall file a copy of its codes of conduct with the\ncommissioner and all amendments to such code shall be filed with the\ncommissioner no later than thirty days after their adoption.\n
N.Y. PBA Law § 3156 — New York Code / Act PBA / Article 10-A / Title 2 / Section 3156
Transfer of powers
Status: in_force

§ 3156. Transfer of powers. The functions and powers possessed by and\nall of the obligations and duties of the New York state office of\nscience, technology and academic research as established pursuant to\narticle ten-B of the executive law shall be transferred and assigned to,\nassumed by and devolved upon the foundation.\n
N.Y. RPT Law § 489-HHH — New York Code / Act RPT / Article 4 / Title 2-C / Section 489-HHH
Extension of time for completion
Status: in_force

§ 489-hhh. Extension of time for completion. Where an applicant has\nreceived a certificate of eligibility but has not completed or will not\nbe able to complete the construction or reconstruction work within\nthirty-six months, the board shall, upon application, extend to\nforty-eight months, from the time of issuance of such certificate, the\ntime for completion of the construction or reconstruction work; provided\nthe applicant has completed not less than two-thirds of the work as\nspecified in the certified plans previously filed with the application\nat the time of such application for extension.\n
N.Y. PBH Law § 2998-D — New York Code / Act PBH / Article 29-D / Title 2 / Section 2998-D
Voluntary and collaborative reporting system
Status: in_force

§ 2998-d. Voluntary and collaborative reporting system. The center, in\ncollaboration with health care providers, shall develop a voluntary and\ncollaborative reporting system, for the purposes of obtaining\ninformation useful for maximizing patient safety, reducing medical\nerrors, and improving the quality of health care pursuant to this title.\n
N.Y. MRE Law § 130 — New York Code / Act MRE / Article 5 / Title 2 / Section 130
Entrance halls
Status: in_force

§ 130. Entrance halls. Every entrance hall shall be at least three\nfeet eight inches in clear width from the entrance to the first stair.\nIf such an entrance hall is the only entrance to more than one required\nstairs, the width of such hall shall be increased in every part, for\neach such additional flight of stairs, by one-half the width required\nfor one flight of stairs.\n
N.Y. ISC Law § 4914 — New York Code / Act ISC / Article 49 / Title 2 / Section 4914
Procedures for external appeals of adverse determinations
Status: in_force

§ 4914. Procedures for external appeals of adverse determinations. (a)\nThe superintendent shall establish procedures by regulation to randomly\nassign an external appeal agent to conduct an external appeal, provided\nthat the superintendent may establish a maximum fee which may be charged\nfor any such external appeal, or the superintendent may exclude from\nsuch random assignment any external appeal agent which charges a fee\nwhich he deems to be unreasonable.\n  (b) (1) The insured shall have four months to initiate an external\nappeal after the insured receives notice from the health care plan, or\nsuch plan's utilization review agent if applicable, of a final adverse\ndetermination or denial, or after both the plan and the insured have\njointly agreed to waive any internal appeal, or after the insured is\ndeemed to have exhausted or is not required to complete any internal\nappeal pursuant to section 2719 of the Public Health Service Act, 42\nU.S.C. § 300gg-19. Where applicable, the insured's health care provider\nshall have sixty days to initiate an external appeal after the insured\nor the insured's health care provider, as applicable, receives notice\nfrom the health care plan, or such plan's utilization review agent if\napplicable, of a final adverse determination or denial or after both the\nplan and the insured have jointly agreed to waive any internal appeal.\nSuch request shall be in writing in accordance with the instructions and\nin such form prescribed by subsection (e) of this section. The insured,\nand the insured's health care provider where applicable, shall have the\nopportunity to submit additional documentation with respect to such\nappeal to the external appeal agent within the applicable time period\nabove; provided however that when such documentation represents a\nmaterial change from the documentation upon which the utilization review\nagent based its adverse determination or upon which the health plan\nbased its denial, the health plan shall have three business days to\nconsider such documentation and amend or confirm such adverse\ndetermination.\n  (2) The external appeal agent shall make a determination with regard\nto the appeal within thirty days of the receipt of the request therefor,\nsubmitted in accordance with the superintendent's instructions. The\nexternal appeal agent shall have the opportunity to request additional\ninformation from the insured, the insured's health care provider and the\ninsured's health care plan within such thirty-day period, in which case\nthe agent shall have up to five additional business days if necessary to\nmake such determination. The external appeal agent shall notify the\ninsured, the insured's health care provider where appropriate, and the\nhealth care plan, in writing, of the appeal determination within two\nbusiness days of the rendering of such determination.\n  (3) Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraphs one and two of this\nsubsection, if the insured's attending physician states that a delay in\nproviding the health care service would pose an imminent or serious\nthreat to the health of the insured, or if the insured is entitled to an\nexpedited external appeal pursuant to section 2719 of the Public Health\nService Act, 42 U.S.C. § 300gg-19, the external appeal shall be\ncompleted within no more than seventy-two hours of the request therefor\nand the external appeal agent shall make every reasonable attempt to\nimmediately notify the insured, the insured's health care provider where\nappropriate, and the health plan of its determination by telephone or\nfacsimile, followed immediately by written notification of such\ndetermination.\n  (4) (A) For external appeals requested pursuant to paragraph one of\nsubsection (b) of section four thousand nine hundred ten of this title,\nthe external appeal agent shall review the utilization review agent's\nfinal adverse determination and, in accordance with the provisions of\nthis title, shall make a determination as to whether the health care\nplan acted reasonably and with sound medical judgment and in the best\ninterest of the patient. When the external appeal agent makes its\ndetermination, it shall consider the clinical standards of the plan, the\ninformation provided concerning the patient, the attending physician's\nrecommendation, applicable and generally accepted practice guidelines\ndeveloped by the federal government, national or professional medical\nsocieties, boards and associations. Provided that such determination\nshall:\n  (i) be conducted only by one or a greater odd number of clinical peer\nreviewers,\n  (ii) be accompanied by a notice of appeal determination which shall\ninclude the reasons for the determination; provided, however, that where\nthe final adverse determination is upheld on appeal, the notice shall\ninclude the clinical rationale, if any, for such determination,\n  (iii) be subject to the terms and conditions generally applicable to\nbenefits under the evidence of coverage under the health care plan,\n  (iv) be binding on the plan and the insured, and\n  (v) be admissible in any court proceeding.\n  (B) For external appeals requested pursuant to paragraph two of\nsubsection (b) of section four thousand nine hundred ten of this title,\nthe external appeal agent shall review the proposed health service or\nprocedure for which coverage has been denied and, in accordance with the\nprovisions of this title and the external agent's investigational\ntreatment review plan, make a determination as to whether the patient\ncosts of such health service or procedure shall be covered by the health\ncare plan; provided that such determination shall:\n  (i) be conducted by a panel of three or a greater odd number of\nclinical peer reviewers,\n  (ii) be accompanied by a written statement:\n  (a) that the patient costs of the proposed health service or procedure\nshall be covered by the health care plan either: when a majority of the\npanel of reviewers determines, based upon review of the applicable\nmedical and scientific evidence and, in connection with rare diseases,\nthe physician's certification required by subsection (g-7) of section\nfour thousand nine hundred of this article and such other evidence as\nthe insured, the insured's designee or the insured's attending physician\nmay present (or upon confirmation that the recommended treatment is a\nclinical trial), the insured's medical record, and any other pertinent\ninformation, that the proposed health service or treatment (including a\npharmaceutical product within the meaning of subparagraph (B) of\nparagraph two of subsection (e) of section four thousand nine hundred of\nthis article) is likely to be more beneficial than any standard\ntreatment or treatments for the insured's condition or disease or, for\nrare diseases, that the requested health service or procedure is likely\nto benefit the insured in the treatment of the insured's rare disease\nand that such benefit to the insured outweighs the risks of such health\nservice or procedure (or, in the case of a clinical trial, is likely to\nbenefit the insured in the treatment of the insured's condition or\ndisease); or when a reviewing panel is evenly divided as to a\ndetermination concerning coverage of the health service or procedure, or\n  (b) upholding the health plan's denial of coverage;\n  (iii) be subject to the terms and conditions generally applicable to\nbenefits under the evidence of coverage under the health care plan,\n  (iv) be binding on the plan and the insured, and\n  (v) be admissable in any court proceeding.\n  As used in this subparagraph (B) with respect to a clinical trial,\npatient costs shall include all costs of health services required to\nprovide treatment to the insured according to the design of the trial.\nSuch costs shall not include the costs of any investigational drugs or\ndevices themselves, the cost of any nonhealth services that might be\nrequired for the insured to receive the treatment, the costs of managing\nthe research, or costs which would not be covered under the policy for\nnoninvestigational treatments.\n  (C) For external appeals requested pursuant to paragraph three of\nsubsection b of section four thousand nine hundred ten of this title\nrelating to an out-of-network denial, the external appeal agent shall\nreview the utilization review agent's final adverse determination and,\nin accordance with the provisions of this title, shall make a\ndetermination as to whether the out-of-network health service shall be\ncovered by the health plan.\n  (i) The external appeal agent shall assign one clinical peer reviewer\nto make a determination as to whether the out-of-network health service\nis materially different from the alternate recommended in-network health\nservice.\n  (ii) If a determination is made that the out-of-network health service\nis not materially different from the alternate recommended in-network\nhealth service, the out-of-network health service shall not be covered\nby the health plan.\n  (iii) If a determination is made that the out-of-network health\nservice is materially different from the alternate recommended\nin-network health service, the external appeal agent shall assign a\npanel with an additional two or a greater odd number of clinical peer\nreviewers, which shall make a determination as to whether the\nout-of-network health service shall be covered by the health plan;\nprovided that such determination shall:\n  (I) be accompanied by a written statement:\n  (1) that the out-of-network health service shall be covered by the\nhealth care plan either: when a majority of the panel of reviewers\ndetermines, upon review of the treatment requested by the insured, the\nalternate recommended health service proposed by the plan, the clinical\nstandards of the plan, the information provided concerning the insured,\nthe attending physician's recommendation, the applicable medical and\nscientific evidence, the insured's medical record, and any other\npertinent information that the out-of-network health service is likely\nto be more clinically beneficial than the alternate recommended\nin-network health service and the adverse risk of the requested health\nservice would likely not be substantially increased over the in-network\nhealth service; or\n  (2) uphold the health plan's denial of coverage;\n  (II) be subject to the terms and conditions generally applicable to\nbenefits under the evidence of coverage under the health care plan;\n  (III) be binding on the plan and the insured; and\n  (IV) be admissible in any court proceeding.\n  (D) For external appeals requested pursuant to paragraph four of\nsubsection (b) of section four thousand nine hundred ten of this title\nrelating to an out-of-network referral denial, the external appeal agent\nshall review the utilization review agent's final adverse determination\nand, in accordance with the provisions of this title, shall make a\ndetermination as to whether the out-of-network referral shall be covered\nby the health plan; provided that such determination shall:\n  (i) be conducted only by one or a greater odd number of clinical peer\nreviewers;\n  (ii) be accompanied by a written statement:\n  (I) that the out-of-network referral shall be covered by the health\ncare plan either when the reviewer or a majority of the panel of\nreviewers determines, upon review of the training and experience of the\nin-network health care provider or providers proposed by the plan, the\ntraining and experience of the requested out-of-network provider, the\nclinical standards of the plan, the information provided concerning the\ninsured, the attending physician's recommendation, the insured's medical\nrecord, and any other pertinent information, that the health plan does\nnot have a provider with the appropriate training and experience to meet\nthe particular health care needs of an insured who is able to provide\nthe requested health service, and that the out-of-network provider has\nthe appropriate training and experience to meet the particular health\ncare needs of an insured, is able to provide the requested health\nservice, and is likely to produce a more clinically beneficial outcome;\nor\n  (II) upholding the health plan's denial of coverage;\n  (iii) be subject to the terms and conditions generally applicable to\nbenefits under the evidence of coverage under the health care plan;\n  (iv) be binding on the plan and the insured; and\n  (v) be admissible in any court proceeding.\n  (c) No external appeal agent or clinical peer reviewer conducting an\nexternal appeal shall be liable in damages to any person for any\nopinions rendered by such external appeal agent or clinical peer\nreviewer upon completion of an external appeal conducted pursuant to\nthis section, unless such opinion was rendered in bad faith or involved\ngross negligence.\n  (d) (1) Except as provided in paragraphs two and three of this\nsubsection, payment for an external appeal shall be the responsibility\nof the health care plan. The health care plan shall make payment to the\nexternal appeal agent within forty-five days, from the date the appeal\ndetermination is received by the health care plan, and the health care\nplan shall be obligated to pay such amount together with interest\nthereon calculated at a rate which is the greater of the rate set by the\ncommissioner of taxation and finance for corporate taxes pursuant to\nparagraph one of subsection (e) of section one thousand ninety-six of\nthe tax law or twelve percent per annum, to be computed from the date\nthe bill was required to be paid, in the event that payment is not made\nwithin such forty-five days.\n  (2) If an insured's health care provider requests an external appeal\nof a concurrent adverse determination and the external appeal agent\nupholds the health care plan's determination in whole, payment for the\nexternal appeal shall be made by the health care provider in the manner\nand subject to the timeframes and requirements set forth in paragraph\none of this subsection.\n  (3) If an insured's health care provider requests an external appeal\nof a concurrent adverse determination and the external appeal agent\nupholds the health care plan's determination in part, payment for the\nexternal appeal shall be evenly divided between the health care plan and\nthe insured's health care provider who requested the external appeal and\nshall be made by the health care plan and the insured's health care\nprovider in the manner and subject to the timeframes and requirements\nset forth in paragraph one of this subsection; provided, however, that\nthe superintendent may, upon a determination that health care plans or\nhealth care providers are experiencing a substantial hardship as a\nresult of payment for the external appeal when the external appeal agent\nupholds the health care plan's determination in part, in consultation\nwith the commissioner of health, promulgate regulations to limit such\nhardship.\n  (4) If an insured's health care provider was acting as the insured's\ndesignee, payment for the external appeal shall be made by the health\ncare plan. The external appeal and any designation shall be submitted on\na standard form developed by the superintendent in consultation with the\ncommissioner of health pursuant to subsection (e) of this section. The\nsuperintendent shall have the authority upon receipt of an external\nappeal to confirm the designation or request other information as\nnecessary, in which case the superintendent shall make at least two\nwritten requests to the insured to confirm the designation. The insured\nshall have two weeks to respond to each such request. If the insured\nfails to respond to the superintendent within the specified timeframe,\nthe superintendent shall make two written requests to the health care\nprovider to file an external appeal on his or her own behalf. The health\ncare provider shall have two weeks to respond to each such request. If\nthe health care provider does not respond to the superintendent's\nrequests within the specified timeframe, the superintendent shall reject\nthe appeal. If the health care provider responds to the superintendent's\nrequests, payment for the external appeal shall be made in accordance\nwith paragraphs two and three of this subsection.\n  (e) The superintendent, in consultation with the commissioner of\nhealth, shall promulgate by regulation a standard description of the\nexternal appeal process established under this section, which shall\nprovide a standard form and instructions for the initiation of an\nexternal appeal by an insured.\n
N.Y. EDN Law § 2553 — New York Code / Act EDN / Title 2 / Article 52 / Section 2553
Board of education; eligibility; how chosen; term of office; vacancies
Status: in_force

§ 2553. Board of education; eligibility; how chosen; term of office;\nvacancies. 1. No person shall be eligible to the office of member of a\nboard of education who is not a citizen of the United States, who is not\nqualified to register for or vote at an election in accordance with the\nprovisions of section 5-106 of the election law, and who, in the case of\nthe city school district of the city of Yonkers, has not been a resident\nof the city school district for which he is chosen for a period of at\nleast three years immediately preceding the date of his election or\nappointment and who, in the case of the city school district of the city\nof Buffalo, in the case of a member to be elected at large is not a\nqualified voter of such city school district and who has not been a\nresident of such district for a period of at least three years\nimmediately preceding the date of his election and in the case of a\nmember elected from a city school subdistrict is not a qualified voter\nof such city school subdistrict and has not been a resident of the city\nschool district for three years and a resident of the city school\nsubdistrict which he represents or seeks to represent for a period of\none year immediately preceding the date of his election, and who, in the\ncase of the city school district of the city of Rochester, is not a\nqualified voter under section 5-102 of the election law of such city\nschool district; and who in the case of the city school district of the\ncity of Syracuse has not been a qualified voter under section 5-102 of\nthe election law of such city school district for at least ninety days\nimmediately preceding the date of his election or appointment.\n  1-a. The provisions of subdivision one of this section shall not apply\nto ex officio board members, as described in subdivision eleven of this\nsection.\n  2. In the city school districts of the cities of Rochester and\nSyracuse the members of such board of education shall be chosen by the\nvoters at large at either a general or municipal election, or at both.\nIn the city school district of the city of Buffalo the members of such\nboard of education shall be chosen pursuant to the provisions of\nsubdivision ten of this section.\n  2-a. Upon the certification of election results and the completion of\nthe voter history file after each election, each school district that\nholds school board elections pursuant to this article shall transmit\ncopies of the records required to be transmitted pursuant to section\n3-112 of the election law in a manner and time provided for in such\nsection.\n  3. In the city school district of the city of Yonkers members of the\nboard of education shall be appointed from the city at large by the\nmayor and shall be for terms of five years each, to begin on the first\nTuesday in May.\n  4. In the city school districts of the following cities, the terms of\nsuch members shall be as follows:\n  a. Rochester: Four Years;\n  b. Syracuse: Four Years;\n  c. Yonkers: Five Years.\n  5. The terms of one-fifth of all the members of a board of education,\nor of a fraction as close to one-fifth thereof as possible, shall expire\nannually on the first Tuesday in May, except in the city school\ndistricts of the cities of Buffalo, Rochester and Syracuse.\n  6. If a vacancy occurs other than by expiration of term in the office\nof a member of a board of education in a district in which such members\nare elected at a general or municipal election, such vacancy shall be\nfilled by appointment by the mayor until the next general or municipal\nelection is held, and such vacancy shall then be filled at such election\nfor the unexpired portion of such term, except that in the city school\ndistrict of the city of Rochester any such vacancy shall be filled\npursuant to the provisions of subdivision nine of this section and\nexcept further that any such vacancy on the board of education of the\ncity school district of the city of Buffalo shall be filled pursuant to\nthe provisions of subdivision ten of this section.\n  7. If such vacancy occurs in such office in a district in which the\nmembers of the board of education are appointed by the mayor, such\nvacancy shall be filled by appointment by the mayor of such city for the\nunexpired portion of such term, but in Buffalo such appointment shall be\nsubject to confirmation by the council.\n  8. A member of a board of education who publicly declares that he will\nnot accept or serve in the office of member of such board of education,\nor refuses or neglects to attend three successive meetings of such\nboard, of which he is duly notified, without rendering a good and valid\nexcuse therefor to the other members of such board of education, vacates\nhis office by refusal to serve.\n  9. (a) The members of the board of education of the city school\ndistrict of the city of Rochester shall be elected by the qualified\nvoters of such city as provided herein.\n  (b) The members of the board of education shall be elected at large\nthroughout the city by the qualified voters at a general election.\n  (c) Such elections for such officers shall be governed by the\nprovisions of the election law in the same manner as candidates for\noffice generally to be elected by the voters of the city of Rochester;\nprovided, however, that each such candidate shall be required to file\npetitions containing at least one thousand signatures.\n  (d) No person shall be eligible for the office of members of such\nboard of education who is not a qualified voter under section 5-102 of\nthe election law of such city school district. No person shall hold at\nthe same time the office of member of the board of education and any\nother elective office nor shall he be a candidate for any other elective\noffice at the same time he is a candidate for the office of member of\nsuch board of education.\n  (e) The term of office of each member of such board shall be four\nyears, commencing on the first day of January following his election.\nThe candidates receiving a plurality of the votes cast respectively for\nthe several offices shall be declared elected. Where more than one\noffice is to be filled by such election and there is a variance in the\nlength of the terms, the candidate receiving the largest number of votes\nshall be entitled to the longest term and the candidates receiving the\nnext highest number of votes shall be entitled, in decreasing order of\nthe respective number of votes to the several offices, in decreasing\norder of the length of such terms or unexpired portions of terms.\nWhenever a vacancy shall occur or exist in the office of member of the\nboard of education except by reason of expiration of term, such vacancy\nshall be filled by the president of the board of education by\nappointment of a nominee of the members of the board of education of the\nsame political affiliation as the person who vacated the office and such\nnominee shall be elected by the majority vote of the board of education;\nif the board shall not have filled the vacancy within thirty days from\nthe date the vacancy occurred, then the president of the board shall\nfill the vacancy from the same political party as that of the person who\nvacated the office. However, if the vacancy shall occur in the office of\nmember of the board of education filled by an incumbent elected on a\nnon-partisan or an independent basis, such vacancy shall be filled,\nafter nomination by the president of the board of education, by majority\nvote of the remaining members of the board of education. A person\nappointed to fill a vacancy shall hold office to and including the\nthirty-first day of December next succeeding the first general election\nfollowing such vacancy, at which a successor must be elected for the\nremainder of the unexpired term, if any.\n  (f) The members so elected to the board of education shall convene on\nthe first business day in January of each year at the time of the\ncommencement of their term of office and select from their members a\npresident who shall serve for a term of one year or such other term, not\nexceeding the term of his office, as may be fixed by the rules and\nregulations of the board.\n  (g) The election of members of the board of education of the school\ndistrict of Rochester shall take place at a general election to be held\nin such city when an incumbent's term expires, and the first election\nhereinunder shall take place in November of nineteen hundred eighty-one.\nSuch election shall be conducted by the board of elections of the county\nof Monroe in the same manner as general elections are conducted by it.\nThe results of such elections, after canvassing, shall be certified and\nreported by the board of elections to the board of education of such\ncity. The clerk or other appropriate officer of the board of education\nshall within twenty-four hours after the receipt of such certification\nby the board of elections serve a written notice either personally or by\nmail upon each person declared to be elected as a member of the board of\neducation informing him of his election and the length of his term.\n  (h) Notwithstanding the provisions of any other law, the present\nmembers of said board of education shall serve the full terms for which\nthey were elected. Vacancies which may occur in the board shall be\nfilled as provided herein, except, that the vacancies created by the\nexpansion of the board of education from five to seven members, as\nprovided herein, shall be filled at the next general election.\n  10. a. The members of the board of education of the city school\ndistrict of the city of Buffalo shall be elected by the qualified voters\nof such city as provided herein.\n  b. The common council of the city of Buffalo shall within three months\nof the operative date of this paragraph of this section of this act\ndefine and publish by local law boundaries of each of six city school\nsubdistricts which said subdistricts shall be contiguous and each of\nwhich shall contain as nearly as possible the same number of\ninhabitants. The boundaries of the said city school subdistricts may\nthereafter be redefined by the board of education of the city school\ndistrict of the city of Buffalo by resolution, after a public hearing\nthereon, at intervals of not less than five years and such resolution\nmust be passed at least eight months prior to the next election for\nschool board member or members.\n  c. The members of the board of education of the city school district\nof the city of Buffalo shall be elected as follows: one member from each\nof such six city school subdistricts within such city by the qualified\nvoters therein and three members of such board of education shall be\nchosen by the qualified voters at large within such city.\n  d. (1) Such election for such office shall be governed by the\nprovisions of the election law in the same manner as candidates for\noffice generally to be elected by the voters of the city of Buffalo.\nNotwithstanding section 6-142 of the election law, each such candidate\nfor election as a member of the board of education from a city school\nsubdistrict shall be required to file a petition containing signatures\nof at least two hundred registered voters of such city school\nsubdistrict in which he is a candidate and each candidate for election\nto the board of education by the voters at large shall be required to\nfile a petition containing the signatures of at least four hundred\nregistered voters of the city of Buffalo.\n  (2) No petition shall contain any political party or independent body\nname or label. Each petition shall contain the name of only one\ncandidate and such petition shall be filed with the board of elections\nof the county of Erie not earlier than twenty-four weeks before, and not\nlater than twenty-three weeks preceding the date on which an election\nshall be held. A certificate of acceptance or declination of any\nindividual so nominated shall be filed not later than the third day\nafter the twenty-third Tuesday preceding the election.\n  e. No person shall hold at the same time the office of member of the\nboard of education of the city of Buffalo and any other elective office\nnor shall he be a candidate for any other elective office at the same\ntime he is a candidate for the office of member of such board of\neducation.\n  f. Petitions for the nomination of members of such school board shall\nbe on white paper containing the required signatures of qualified voters\nof the city of Buffalo. The sheets of such petition shall be numbered\nconsecutively, beginning with number one, at the foot of each sheet.\nSuch a petition must set forth in every instance the correct date of\nsigning, the full name of the signer and his or her residence. A signer\nneed only place his or her signature upon the petition, and need not\nhimself or herself fill in the other required information.\n  g. Each sheet of such a petition shall be signed in ink and shall be\nsubstantially in the following form:\n  I, the undersigned, do hereby state that I am a duly qualified voter\nof the city of Buffalo, that my place of residence is truly stated\nopposite my signature hereto, and I do hereby nominate the following\nnamed person as a candidate for nomination (for the public office of\nmember of the board of education of the city of Buffalo at\nlarge..............day of...................., 20.....,) (for the city\nschool subdistrict.............day of........, 20.....)\n  I do hereby appoint........................(here insert the names and\naddresses of at least three persons, all of whom shall be registered\nvoters within the city of Buffalo), as a committee to fill vacancies in\naccordance with the provisions of the election law.\n  In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand the day and year\nplaced opposite my signature.\n    Date             Name of Signer           Present Residence\n ..............    ..................        ....................\n ..............    ..................        ....................\n ..............    ..................        ....................\n  The petition shall be authenticated by witnesses. Such statement shall\nbe accepted for all purposes as the equivalent of an affidavit, and if\nfalse shall subject the witness to the same penalties as if he or she\nhad been duly sworn. The form of such statement shall be substantially\nas follows:\n                          STATEMENT OF WITNESS\n  I,...................., (name of witness), state: I am a duly\nqualified voter of the state of New York, and now reside in the city,\ntown or village of..............., in such state, at\n........................(fill in street and house number and post office)\ntherein. I know each of the voters whose names are subscribed to this\npetition sheet containing (fill in number).............signatures and\neach of them subscribed the same in my presence and upon so subscribing\ndeclared to me that the foregoing statement, made and subscribed by him,\nwas true.\n                                             .....................\n                                             Signature of witness\nDate...........\n  h. The board of elections shall refuse to accept such petitions signed\nby an insufficient number of qualified voters, or petitions which are\nnot timely or petitions bearing a political party or independent body,\nname or emblem or which contain the name of more than one candidate.\n  i. Except as it may be modified by the provisions of paragraph (d) and\nparagraph (n) of this subdivision, the provisions of the election law\nwith respect to acceptances by candidates nominated by independent\nnominating petitions shall apply to candidates nominated by petitions\nfor members of such board of education.\n  j. Objections to petitions for the nomination of members of such board\nof education, procedures and remedies applicable to such objections\nshall be made pursuant to section 6-154 of the election law.\n  k. The board of elections shall cause to be printed official ballots\ncontaining the names of all candidates as above provided, except that\nthe board may refuse to have the names of ineligible candidates placed\non such ballots. The names of the candidates shall be arranged according\nto lot, and shall not bear the designation of any political party or\nindependent body, name or emblem. Blank spaces shall be provided so that\nvoters may vote for candidates who have not been nominated for the\noffices to be filled at such elections. The form of such ballots shall\nconform substantially to the form of ballots used at general elections\nas prescribed in the election law.\n  l. Voting for the election of members of such board of education shall\nbe by voting machine and shall be governed by the applicable provisions\nof the election law with respect to voting machines.\n  m. If a candidate, after a petition in his behalf shall have been duly\nfiled with the board of elections, and prior to the date of the\nelection, shall decline to accept the nomination, die, remove from the\nschool district, accept another office, or become otherwise disqualified\nfor such city school district office, such vacancy shall be filled by\nthe committee on vacancies pursuant to the election law.\n  n. The term of office of each member of such board from a city school\nsubdistrict shall be three years, and the term of office of each such\nmember of the board elected at large shall be for five years. Of the\ncandidates to be elected for membership on the board of education of the\ncity school district of the city of Buffalo by the voters at large the\nthree candidates receiving the largest number of votes cast in the city,\nshall be declared elected as at-large members of such board of\neducation. In each city school subdistrict the candidates seeking the\nelection as the member of such board of education for such city school\nsubdistrict receiving a plurality of votes in such city school\nsubdistrict shall be declared elected to that position.\n  Whenever a vacancy shall occur or exist in the office of member of the\nboard of education except by reason of expiration of term or increase in\nthe number of members of such board, such vacancy shall be filled by a\nmajority vote of the remaining members of the board of education within\nthirty days of the date when such vacancy shall have occurred. If the\nremaining members of the board of education shall fail to fill such\nvacancy within such thirty day period, then the mayor of the city of\nBuffalo shall within thirty days thereafter fill such vacancy subject to\nthe confirmation of such appointment by the common council of the city\nof Buffalo. No one shall be appointed to fill a vacancy of a subdistrict\nmember of the board of education unless he fulfills all of the\nqualifications in this subdivision to enable him to be a candidate for\nthe office of a member of the board of education from the subdistrict\ninvolved.\n  o. The members so elected to the board of education shall convene on\nthe first business day in January of each year, at the time of the\ncommencement of their term of office and select from their members a\npresident who shall serve for a term of one year or such other term, not\nexceeding the term of his office, as may be fixed by the rules and\nregulations of the board.\n  p. The election of members of the board of education of the school\ndistrict of the city of Buffalo shall take place on the first Tuesday\nafter the first Monday in November in each year in which an incumbent's\nterm expires. Such election shall be conducted by the board of elections\nof the county of Erie in the same manner as other elections are\nconducted by it. The results of such elections, after canvassing, shall\nbe certified and reported by the board of elections to the board of\neducation of such city. The clerk or other appropriate officer of the\nboard of education shall within twenty-four hours after receipt of such\ncertification by the board of elections serve a written notice either\npersonally or by mail upon each person declared to be elected as a\nmember of the board of education informing him of his election and the\nlength of his term.\n  11. Notwithstanding the provisions of any other law, each board of\neducation shall establish a process for designating at least one student\nas an ex officio board member. Ex officio student members shall be\nentitled to sit with board members at all public meetings and hearings\nof the board and may participate in other board activities and\nresponsibilities at the discretion of the board. Such ex officio student\nmembers shall not be allowed to vote, shall not be allowed to attend\nexecutive session or any other meetings or hearings not open to the\npublic.\n
N.Y. PBA Law § 527 — New York Code / Act PBA / Article 3 / Title 2 / Section 527
New York State Bridge Authority
Status: in_force

§ 527. New York State Bridge Authority. 1. The board known as the "New\nYork State Bridge Authority," is hereby continued. Such board shall be a\nbody corporate and politic, shall have a corporate seal and be capable\nof suing and being sued. It shall consist of seven members who shall be\nappointed by the governor by and with the advice and consent of the\nsenate. The present members of the board shall continue in office,\nunless a vacancy occurs, for the remainder of the time for which they\nwere respectively appointed. Of the additional members, one shall be\nappointed for a term to expire February first, nineteen hundred\nfifty-one, and one for a term to expire February first, nineteen hundred\nfifty-two. Their successors and any additional appointees shall be\nappointed, one annually, for terms of five years each from the first day\nof February; provided that the person appointed as successor to the\nmember heretofore appointed for a three year term which expired February\nfirst, nineteen hundred forty-seven, shall be appointed for a term to\nexpire February first, nineteen hundred fifty. Vacancies in the office\nof such board occurring otherwise than by expiration of term also shall\nbe filled by the governor by appointment by and with the advice and\nconsent of the senate for the unexpired term, and the provisions of\nsection thirty-nine of the public officers law relating to recess\nappointments shall apply to such board. Such board shall choose from its\nmembers a chairman. The members of such board shall be paid or\nreimbursed for their necessary expenses incurred under this title, but\nshall receive no compensation for their services.\n  2. Such board and its corporate existence shall continue so long as it\nshall have bonds or other obligations outstanding (including bonds or\nobligations hereafter issued or incurred) and until its existence shall\nbe terminated by law. Upon ceasing to exist all of its rights and\nproperties shall pass to the state.\n  3. Notwithstanding any inconsistent provision of this section, on the\neffective date of this subdivision the term of each board member\ncurrently in office, or any vacant position, shall be deemed expired,\nand each such board members may continue to serve in holdover status\nuntil their successor is appointed by the governor and with the advice\nand consent of the senate and the provisions of section thirty-nine of\nthe public officers law relating to recess appointments shall apply to\nsuch appointments. Initial appointments made pursuant to this\nsubdivision shall be for the following terms, the first three of such\ninitial appointments shall be for a term of three years, the second two\nof such initial appointments shall be for a term of five years, and\nfinal two of such initial appointments shall be for a term of seven\nyears. After these initial terms have expired, board members shall be\nappointed for a term of five years, provided, however, that each board\nmember may serve in holdover until a successor board member is\nappointed. Vacancies in the office of such board occurring otherwise\nthan by expiration of term also shall be filled by the governor by\nappointment by and with the advice and consent of the senate for the\nunexpired term, and the provisions of section thirty-nine of the public\nofficers law relating to recess appointments shall apply to such board.\n
N.Y. EDN Law § 1711 — New York Code / Act EDN / Title 2 / Article 35 / Section 1711
Appointment of superintendent of schools
Status: in_force

§ 1711. Appointment of superintendent of schools. 1. The board of\neducation of any union free school district may appoint a superintendent\nconsistent with the provisions of this section.\n  2. Such superintendent shall possess, unless otherwise specified by\nthe by-laws of the board of education, the following powers and be\ncharged with the following duties:\n  a. To be the chief executive officer of the school district and the\neducational system, and to have the right to speak on all matters before\nthe board, but not to vote.\n  b. To enforce all provisions of law and all rules and regulations\nrelating to the management of the schools and other educational, social\nand recreational activities under the direction of the board of\neducation.\n  c. To prepare the content of each course of study authorized by the\nboard of education. The content of each such course shall be submitted\nto the board of education for its approval and, when thus approved, the\nsuperintendent shall cause such courses of study to be used in the\ngrades, classes and schools for which they are authorized.\n  d. To recommend suitable lists of textbooks to be used in the schools.\n  e. To have supervision and direction of associate, assistant and other\nsuperintendents, directors, supervisors, principals, teachers,\nlecturers, medical inspectors, nurses, claims auditors, deputy claims\nauditors, attendance officers, janitors and other persons employed in\nthe management of the schools or the other educational activities of the\ndistrict authorized by this chapter and under the direction and\nmanagement of the board of education; to transfer teachers from one\nschool to another, or from one grade of the course of study to another\ngrade in such course, and to report immediately such transfers to such\nboard for its consideration and actions; to report to such board\nviolations of regulations and cases of insubordination, and to suspend\nan associate, assistant or other superintendent, director, supervisor,\nexpert, principal, teacher or other employee until the next regular\nmeeting of such board, when all facts relating to the case shall be\nsubmitted to such board for its consideration and action.\n  f. To have supervision and direction over the enforcement and\nobservance of the courses of study, the examination and promotion of\npupils, and over all other matters pertaining to playgrounds, medical\ninspection, recreation and social center work, libraries, lectures, and\nall other education activities under the management, direction and\ncontrol of the board of education.\n  3. Such superintendent shall be under the direction of the board of\neducation, which shall prescribe his or her powers and duties, except as\notherwise provided in subdivision two of this section. The\nsuperintendent shall be paid a salary, to be fixed by the board of\neducation, and he may be removed from office by a vote of the majority\nof all the members of such board, provided, however, that a board of\neducation may enter into a contract with such superintendent for a\nperiod of not less than three and not more than five years, and upon\nsuch other terms as shall be mutually acceptable to the parties,\nincluding but not limited to, fringe benefits and procedures for\ntermination by either party prior to the expiration of the term of such\ncontract. The services of such a superintendent of schools may be\ndiscontinued at any time by a majority vote of the board of education,\nand upon sixty days notice in writing to the superintendent of schools.\nThe other terms of any such contract, including any provisions relating\nto an increase in salary, compensation or other benefits, shall not be\nbased on or tied to the terms of any contract or collective bargaining\nagreement that the board of education has or will enter with the\nteachers or other employees of the school district.\n  4. Notwithstanding any inconsistent provision of law, the provisions\nof paragraph e of subdivision two of this section relating to the\ntransfer of teachers may be modified by an agreement that is\ncollectively negotiated pursuant to the provisions of article fourteen\nof the civil service law.\n
N.Y. RPT Law § 429 — New York Code / Act RPT / Article 4 / Title 2 / Section 429
Real property used for professional major league sports
Status: in_force

§ 429. Real property used for professional major league sports. Real\nproperty within a city having a population of one million or more, used\nby both a professional major league hockey team which is a member of the\nNational Hockey League and a professional major league basketball team\nwhich is a member of the National Basketball Association to play their\nhome games shall be exempt from taxation to the extent said taxes are\nthe obligation by lease or otherwise of the owners of franchises for\nsuch teams, provided that such owners enter into a written agreement\nwith the chief executive officer of the municipality in which such\nproperty is located to play their home games within such municipality\nfor a period of at least ten consecutive years. The tax exemption\nprovided herein shall be granted to real property being used, in whole\nor in part, for the aforesaid purposes on the date such agreement is\nexecuted and shall apply to taxes which become due and payable after the\naforestated agreement is executed and shall continue with respect to\nsuch property as long as both of said teams play their home games\ntherein and no longer. Such exemption shall not apply with respect to\nany improvement to such property made after the date such agreement is\nexecuted which improvement is not used for the provision of facilities\nor services related to sports, entertainment, expositions, conventions\nor trade shows. If one or both of said teams shall cease to play their\nhome games in said property at any time, the tax exemption provided\nherein shall cease immediately and such property shall immediately be\nrestored to the tax rolls and thereupon become subject to taxation and\nshall be taxed pro rata for the unexpired portion of the taxable year.\n
N.Y. PBH Law § 4221 — New York Code / Act PBH / Article 42 / Title 2 / Section 4221
Removal of eyes and/or parts thereof after death
Status: in_force

§ 4221. Removal of eyes and/or parts thereof after death. If any\ndonation, authorization or consent made pursuant to section forty-three\nhundred three of this article or dissection made pursuant to subdivision\nthree of section forty-two hundred ten of this article relates to the\nremoval of a deceased person's eyes and/or parts thereof, the individual\nor agency authorized to remove such eyes and/or parts thereof may permit\nsuch removal to be made by a medical student, technician or nurse.\n
N.Y. PBH Law § 1116 — New York Code / Act PBH / Article 11 / Title 2 / Section 1116
Realty subdivisions; plans required to be filed and approved
Status: in_force

§ 1116. Realty subdivisions; plans required to be filed and approved.\n1. No subdivision or portion thereof shall be sold, offered for sale,\nleased or rented by any corporation, company or person, and no permanent\nbuilding shall be erected thereon, until a plan or map of such\nsubdivision shall be filed with and approved by the department or city,\ncounty, or part-county department of health having jurisdiction and in\nthe county of Suffolk until a plan or map shall have been also filed\nwith and approved by the county department of environmental control and\nsuch plan or map thereafter filed in the office of the clerk of the\ncounty in which such subdivision is located.\n  2. Such plan or map shall show methods for obtaining and furnishing\nadequate and satisfactory water supply to said subdivision.\n  3. The installation of such facilities shall be in accordance with the\nplans or any revision or revisions thereof approved by the department or\ncity, county or part-county department of health having jurisdiction.\n
N.Y. GMU Law § 895-F — New York Code / Act GMU / Article 18-A / Title 2 / Section 895-F
County of Clinton industrial development agency
Status: in_force

* § 895-f. County of Clinton industrial development agency. For the\nbenefit of the county of Clinton and the inhabitants thereof, an\nindustrial development agency, to be known as the COUNTY OF CLINTON\nINDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT AGENCY, is hereby established for the\naccomplishment of any or all of the purposes specified in title one of\narticle eighteen-A of this chapter. It shall constitute a body corporate\nand politic, and be perpetual in duration. It shall have the powers and\nduties now or hereafter conferred by title one of article eighteen-A of\nthis chapter upon industrial development agencies and provided that the\nexercise of the powers by such agency with respect to the acquisition of\nreal property whether by purchase, condemnation or otherwise, shall be\nlimited to the corporate limits of the County of Clinton, and such\nagency shall take into consideration the local zoning and planning\nregulations as well as the regional and local comprehensive land use\nplans. It shall be organized in a manner prescribed by and be subject to\nthe provisions of title one of article eighteen-A of this chapter. Its\nmembers shall be appointed by the governing body of the county of\nClinton. The agency, its members, officers and employees and its\noperations and activities shall in all respects be governed by the\nprovisions of title one of article eighteen-A of this chapter.\n  * NB Agency expires per §§ 856 and 882\n