N.Y. VAT Law § 241 — New York Code / Act VAT / Title 2 / Article 2-B / Section 241
Final determinations, judgments
Status: in_force

§ 241. Final determinations, judgments.  1. The hearing examiner shall\nmake a determination on the charges, either sustaining or dismissing\nthem. Where the hearing examiner determines that the charges have been\nsustained such hearing examiner may examine either the prior parking\nviolations record or the record of liabilities incurred in accordance\nwith any provisions of law specifically authorizing the imposition of\nmonetary liability on the owner of a vehicle for failure of an operator\nthereof: to comply with traffic-control indications in violation of\nsubdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter through\nthe installation and operation of traffic-control signal photo\nviolation-monitoring systems, in accordance with article twenty-four of\nthis chapter; to comply with certain posted maximum speed limits in\nviolation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven\nhundred eighty of this chapter through the installation and operation of\nphoto speed violation monitoring systems, in accordance with article\nthirty of this chapter; to comply with bus lane restrictions as defined\nby article twenty-four of this chapter through the installation and\noperation of bus lane photo devices, in accordance with article\ntwenty-four of this chapter; to comply with toll collection regulations\nof certain public authorities through the installation and operation of\nphoto-monitoring systems, in accordance with the provisions of section\ntwo thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law and\nsections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred\nseventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty; to stop for a school\nbus displaying a red visual signal in violation of section eleven\nhundred seventy-four of this chapter through the installation and\noperation of school bus photo violation monitoring systems, in\naccordance with article twenty-nine of this chapter; to comply with\ncertain posted maximum speed limits in violation of subdivision (b),\n(d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter within\na highway construction or maintenance work area through the installation\nand operation of photo speed violation monitoring systems, in accordance\nwith article thirty of this chapter; to comply with gross vehicle weight\nand/or axle weight restrictions in violation of section three hundred\neighty-five of this chapter and the rules of the applicable covered\nagency or covered authority as such terms are defined in article ten of\nthis chapter through the installation and operation of weigh in motion\nviolation monitoring systems, in accordance with article ten of this\nchapter; or to comply with bus operation-related traffic regulations as\ndefined by article twenty-four of this chapter in violation of the rules\nof the department of transportation of the city of New York through the\ninstallation and operation of bus operation-related photo devices, in\naccordance with article twenty-four of this chapter, of the person\ncharged, as applicable prior to rendering a final determination. Final\ndeterminations sustaining or dismissing charges shall be entered on a\nfinal determination roll maintained by the parking violations bureau or\nthe traffic camera violations bureau, as applicable, together with\nrecords showing payment and nonpayment of penalties.\n  2. Where an operator or owner fails to enter a plea to a charge of a\nparking violation or contest an allegation of liability in accordance\nwith any provisions of law specifically authorizing the imposition of\nmonetary liability on the owner of a vehicle for failure of an operator\nthereof: to comply with traffic-control indications in violation of\nsubdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter through\nthe installation and operation of traffic-control signal photo\nviolation-monitoring systems, in accordance with article twenty-four of\nthis chapter; to comply with certain posted maximum speed limits in\nviolation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven\nhundred eighty of this chapter through the installation and operation of\nphoto speed violation monitoring systems, in accordance with article\nthirty of this chapter; to comply with bus lane restrictions as defined\nby article twenty-four of this chapter through the installation and\noperation of bus lane photo devices, in accordance with article\ntwenty-four of this chapter; to comply with toll collection regulations\nof certain public authorities through the installation and operation of\nphoto-monitoring systems, in accordance with the provisions of section\ntwo thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law and\nsections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred\nseventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty; to stop for a school\nbus displaying a red visual signal in violation of section eleven\nhundred seventy-four of this chapter through the installation and\noperation of school bus photo violation monitoring systems, in\naccordance with article twenty-nine of this chapter; to comply with\ncertain posted maximum speed limits in violation of subdivision (b),\n(d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter within\na highway construction or maintenance work area through the installation\nand operation of photo speed violation monitoring systems, in accordance\nwith article thirty of this chapter; to comply with gross vehicle weight\nand/or axle weight restrictions in violation of section three hundred\neighty-five of this chapter and the rules of the applicable covered\nagency or covered authority as such terms are defined in article ten of\nthis chapter through the installation and operation of weigh in motion\nviolation monitoring systems, in accordance with article ten of this\nchapter; or to comply with bus operation-related traffic regulations as\ndefined by article twenty-four of this chapter in violation of the rules\nof the department of transportation of the city of New York through the\ninstallation and operation of bus operation-related photo devices, in\naccordance with article twenty-four of this chapter, or fails to appear\non a designated hearing date or subsequent adjourned date or fails after\na hearing to comply with the determination of a hearing examiner, as\nprescribed by this article or by rule or regulation of the parking\nviolations bureau or the traffic camera violations bureau, as\napplicable, such failure to plead or contest, appear or comply shall be\ndeemed, for all purposes, an admission of liability and shall be grounds\nfor rendering and entering a default judgment in an amount provided by\nthe rules and regulations of such bureau. However, after the expiration\nof the original date prescribed for entering a plea and before a default\njudgment may be rendered, in such case the applicable bureau shall\npursuant to the applicable provisions of law notify such operator or\nowner, by such form of first class mail as the commission may direct;\n(1) of the violation charged, or liability alleged in accordance with\nany provisions of law specifically authorizing the imposition of\nmonetary liability on the owner of a vehicle for failure of an operator\nthereof: to comply with traffic-control indications in violation of\nsubdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter through\nthe installation and operation of traffic-control signal photo\nviolation-monitoring systems, in accordance with article twenty-four of\nthis chapter; to comply with certain posted maximum speed limits in\nviolation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven\nhundred eighty of this chapter through the installation and operation of\nphoto speed violation monitoring systems, in accordance with article\nthirty of this chapter; to comply with bus lane restrictions as defined\nby article twenty-four of this chapter through the installation and\noperation of bus lane photo devices, in accordance with article\ntwenty-four of this chapter; to comply with toll collection regulations\nof certain public authorities through the installation and operation of\nphoto-monitoring systems, in accordance with the provisions of section\ntwo thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law and\nsections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred\nseventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty; to stop for a school\nbus displaying a red visual signal in violation of section eleven\nhundred seventy-four of this chapter through the installation and\noperation of school bus photo violation monitoring systems, in\naccordance with article twenty-nine of this chapter; to comply with\ncertain posted maximum speed limits in violation of subdivision (b),\n(d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter within\na highway construction or maintenance work area through the installation\nand operation of photo speed violation monitoring systems, in accordance\nwith article thirty of this chapter; to comply with gross vehicle weight\nand/or axle weight restrictions in violation of section three hundred\neighty-five of this chapter and the rules of the applicable covered\nagency or covered authority as such terms are defined in article ten of\nthis chapter through the installation and operation of weigh in motion\nviolation monitoring systems, in accordance with article ten of this\nchapter; or to comply with bus operation-related traffic regulations as\ndefined by article twenty-four of this chapter in violation of the rules\nof the department of transportation of the city of New York through the\ninstallation and operation of bus operation-related photo devices, in\naccordance with article twenty-four of this chapter, (2) of the\nimpending default judgment, (3) that such judgment will be entered in\nthe Civil Court of the city in which such bureau has been established,\nor other court of civil jurisdiction or any other place provided for the\nentry of civil judgments within the state of New York, and (4) that a\ndefault may be avoided by entering a plea or contesting an allegation of\nliability in accordance with any provisions of law specifically\nauthorizing the imposition of monetary liability on the owner of a\nvehicle for failure of an operator thereof: to comply with\ntraffic-control indications in violation of subdivision (d) of section\neleven hundred eleven of this chapter through the installation and\noperation of traffic-control signal photo violation-monitoring systems,\nin accordance with article twenty-four of this chapter; to comply with\ncertain posted maximum speed limits in violation of subdivision (b),\n(c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter\nthrough the installation and operation of photo speed violation\nmonitoring systems, in accordance with article thirty of this chapter;\nto comply with bus lane restrictions as defined by article twenty-four\nof this chapter through the installation and operation of bus lane photo\ndevices, in accordance with article twenty-four of this chapter; to\ncomply with toll collection regulations of certain public authorities\nthrough the installation and operation of photo-monitoring systems, in\naccordance with the provisions of section two thousand nine hundred\neighty-five of the public authorities law and sections sixteen-a,\nsixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the\nlaws of nineteen hundred fifty; to stop for a school bus displaying a\nred visual signal in violation of section eleven hundred seventy-four of\nthis chapter through the installation and operation of school bus photo\nviolation monitoring systems, in accordance with article twenty-nine of\nthis chapter; to comply with certain posted maximum speed limits in\nviolation of subdivision (b), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred\neighty of this chapter within a highway construction or maintenance work\narea through the installation and operation of photo speed violation\nmonitoring systems, in accordance with article thirty of this chapter;\nto comply with gross vehicle weight and/or axle weight restrictions in\nviolation of section three hundred eighty-five of this chapter and the\nrules of the applicable covered agency or covered authority as such\nterms are defined in article ten of this chapter through the\ninstallation and operation of weigh in motion violation monitoring\nsystems, in accordance with article ten of this chapter; or to comply\nwith bus operation-related traffic regulations as defined by article\ntwenty-four of this chapter in violation of the rules of the department\nof transportation of the city of New York through the installation and\noperation of bus operation-related photo devices, in accordance with\narticle twenty-four of this chapter; or making an appearance within\nthirty days of the sending of such notice. Pleas entered and allegations\ncontested within that period shall be in the manner prescribed in the\nnotice and not subject to additional penalty or fee. Such notice of\nimpending default judgment shall not be required prior to the rendering\nand entry thereof in the case of operators or owners who are\nnon-residents of the state of New York. In no case shall a default\njudgment be rendered or, where required, a notice of impending default\njudgment be sent, more than two years after the expiration of the time\nprescribed for entering a plea or contesting an allegation. When a\nperson has demanded a hearing, no fine or penalty shall be imposed for\nany reason, prior to the holding of the hearing. If the hearing examiner\nshall make a determination on the charges, sustaining them, such hearing\nexaminer shall impose no greater penalty or fine than those upon which\nthe person was originally charged.\n  3. A judgment entered pursuant to the provisions of this section shall\nremain in full force and effect for eight years notwithstanding any\nother provision of law.\n
N.Y. PBA Law § 2829 — New York Code / Act PBA / Article 9 / Title 2 / Section 2829
State and local authorities subject to the open meetings and freedom of information laws
Status: in_force

2829. State and local authorities subject to the open meetings and\nfreedom of information laws. All state and local authorities, as such\nterms are defined in section two of this chapter, as well as all\nsubsidiaries of such state and local authorities, as such terms are\ndefined in section two of this chapter, shall be subject to the\nprovisions of articles six and seven of the public officers law relating\nto the freedom of information and open meetings laws respectively. All\nstate and local authorities, as well as all subsidiaries of such state\nand local authorities, shall, to the extent practicable, stream all open\nmeetings and public hearings on their website in real-time, post video\nrecordings of all open meetings and public hearings on their website\nwithin five business days of the meeting or hearing and maintain such\nrecordings for a period of not less than five years.\n
N.Y. RSS Law § 17-D — New York Code / Act RSS / Article 2 / Title 2 / Section 17-D
Amortization of a portion of the bills for participating employers for the two thousand six--two thousand seven fiscal year
Status: in_force

§ 17-d. Amortization of a portion of the bills for participating\nemployers for the two thousand six--two thousand seven fiscal year. a.\nIf the comptroller, in his or her discretion, decides to permit\namortization of employer contributions pursuant to this section, then,\non or about October fifteenth, two thousand five, on the basis of the\nannual actuarial valuation provided for in this chapter, the comptroller\nshall determine the amount (exclusive of payments for group term life\ninsurance, deficiency payments, adjustments relating to prior fiscal\nyears' obligations and obligations pertaining to retirement incentives\nor any other obligations that a participating employer is permitted to\npay on an amortized basis) of the annual contribution for a\nparticipating employer pursuant to section twenty-three-a of this\narticle due for the fiscal year ending March thirty-first, two thousand\nseven. The amount by which such contribution exceeds ten and one-half\npercent of the estimated pensionable salary base for the fiscal year\nending March thirty-first, two thousand seven shall be the "amount\neligible for amortization". An amount up to the "amount eligible for\namortization" may be amortized over a ten-year period at eight percent\ninterest per annum, with the first of ten equal payments payable on\nFebruary first, two thousand eight, provided, however, that on or before\nSeptember first, two thousand six, the comptroller, in his or her\ndiscretion, may establish a fixed rate of interest per annum to be\napplied to the amounts eligible for amortization of all employers, which\nmore closely approximates a market rate of return on taxable fixed rate\nsecurities with similar terms issued by comparable issuers.\n  b. A participating employer, may, in lieu of paying its entire\nFebruary first, two thousand seven bill, pay a lesser amount on February\nfirst, two thousand seven which shall be determined by the comptroller\nby adding the following three amounts together:\n  (1) the entire February first, two thousand seven bill, calculated\npursuant to section twenty-three-a of this article (without reference to\nthis section) less the "amount eligible for amortization" determined\npursuant to subdivision a of this section;\n  (2) the first annual installment of the "amount eligible for\namortization" determined pursuant to subdivision a of section\nseventeen-c of this article, if applicable; and\n  (3) the second annual installment of the "amount eligible for\namortization" determined pursuant to subdivision a of section\nseventeen-b of this article, if applicable.\n  c. A participating employer making a payment pursuant to subdivision b\nof this section shall pay on February first, two thousand eight an\namount determined by the comptroller by adding the following four\namounts together:\n  (1) the entire February first, two thousand eight bill, calculated\npursuant to section twenty-three-a of this article (without reference to\nthis section);\n  (2) the first annual installment of the "amount eligible for\namortization" determined pursuant to subdivision a of this section;\n  (3) the second annual installment of the "amount eligible for\namortization" determined pursuant to subdivision a of section\nseventeen-c of this article, if applicable; and\n  (4) the third annual installment of the "amount eligible for\namortization" determined pursuant to subdivision a of section\nseventeen-b of this article, if applicable.\n  d. Amortized payments determined pursuant to sections seventeen-b,\nseventeen-c and pursuant to this section shall be due and payable on\nFebruary first of each year during the applicable amortization period.\nThe comptroller shall have the authority to permit the pre-payment of\nthe remaining balance of the "amount eligible for amortization"\ndetermined pursuant to all such sections subject to the following:\n  (1) on or before November fifteenth, two thousand seven in addition to\nthe amount due for the current year billing and for the payment of the\namortized annual installment determined pursuant to section seventeen-b,\nseventeen-c and pursuant to this section, the comptroller shall advise\nthe participating employer of the total amount due and be authorized to\naccept pre-payment in full of said amount by February first, two\nthousand eight.\n  (2) on or before each November fifteenth thereafter, in addition to\nthe amount due for the current year billing and for the payment of the\nannual amortized installments, the comptroller shall advise the\nparticipating employer of the total amount still outstanding and be\nauthorized to accept the pre-payment of any balance remaining to be paid\nby February first of the succeeding year.\n
N.Y. GMU Law § 756 — New York Code / Act GMU / Article 17-A / Title 2 / Section 756
Effective date of joint consolidation agreement
Status: in_force

§ 756. Effective date of joint consolidation agreement. Local\ngovernment entities consolidated pursuant to a joint consolidation\nagreement shall continue to be governed as before consolidation until\nthe effective date of the consolidation specified in the joint\nconsolidation agreement; provided, however, that no joint consolidation\nagreement consolidating two or more towns, two or more villages or one\nor more towns and villages shall take effect unless approved by a\nmajority of electors in each such town and/or village at a referendum\ncalled through a resolution enacted pursuant to section seven hundred\nfifty-five of this title.\n
N.Y. RPT Law § 421-F — New York Code / Act RPT / Article 4 / Title 2 / Section 421-F
Exemption of capital improvements to residential buildings and certain new construction
Status: in_force

§ 421-f. * Exemption of capital improvements to residential buildings\nand certain new construction.\n  * NB Effective until January 1, 2026\n  * Exemption of capital improvements to residential buildings.\n  * NB Effective January 1, 2026\n1. Residential buildings reconstructed, altered or improved subsequent\nto the effective date of a local law or resolution pursuant to this\nsection shall be exempt from taxation and special ad valorem levies to\nthe extent provided hereinafter. After a public hearing, the governing\nboard of a county, city, town or village may adopt a local law and a\nschool district, other than a school district subject to article\nfifty-two of the education law, may adopt a resolution to grant the\nexemption authorized pursuant to this section. A copy of such local law\nor resolution shall be filed with the commissioner and the assessor of\nsuch county, city, town or village who prepares the assessment roll on\nwhich the taxes of such county, city, town, village or school district\nare levied.\n  * 1-a. Buildings classified as class one property in section eighteen\nhundred two of this chapter reconstructed, altered, improved, or newly\nconstructed in a special assessing unit that is not a city shall be\nexempt from taxation and special ad valorem levies to the extent\nprovided hereinafter in the same manner and to the same extent to\ncounty, town, special district and school district taxes levied on the\nassessment roll prepared by such special assessing unit. Additional\nbuildings and yard improvements shall be excluded from receiving this\nexemption. An application shall not be required to receive the\nexemption.\n  * NB Repealed January 1, 2026\n  * 2. (a) Such buildings shall be exempt for a period of one year to\nthe extent of one hundred per centum of the increase in assessed value\nthereof attributable to such reconstruction, alteration or improvement,\nand new construction pursuant to subdivision one-a of this section, and\nfor an additional period of seven years subject to the following:\n  (i) The extent of such exemption shall be decreased by twelve and\none-half per centum of the "exemption base" each year during such\nadditional period. The "exemption base" shall be the increase in\nassessed value as determined in the initial year of the term of the\nexemption, except as provided in subparagraph (ii) of this paragraph.\n  (ii) In any year in which a change in level of assessment of fifteen\npercent or more is certified for a final assessment roll pursuant to the\nrules of the commissioner, the exemption base shall be multiplied by a\nfraction, the numerator of which shall be the total assessed value of\nthe parcel on such final assessment roll (after accounting for any\nphysical or quantity changes to the parcel since the immediately\npreceding assessment roll), and the denominator of which shall be the\ntotal assessed value of the parcel on the immediately preceding final\nassessment roll. The result shall be the new exemption base. The\nexemption shall thereupon be recomputed to take into account the new\nexemption base, notwithstanding the fact that the assessor receives\ncertification of the change in level of assessment after the completion,\nverification and filing of the final assessment roll. In the event the\nassessor does not have custody of the roll when such certification is\nreceived, the assessor shall certify the recomputed exemption to the\nlocal officers having custody and control of the roll, and such local\nofficers are hereby directed and authorized to enter the recomputed\nexemption certified by the assessor on the roll. The assessor shall give\nwritten notice of such recomputed exemption to the property owner, who\nmay, if he or she believes that the exemption was recomputed\nincorrectly, apply for a correction in the manner provided by title\nthree of article five of this chapter for the correction of clerical\nerrors.\n  (iii) Except in a special assessing unit that is not a city, such\nexemption shall be limited to eighty thousand dollars in increased\nmarket value, or such other sum less than eighty thousand dollars, but\nnot less than five thousand dollars as may be provided by the local law\nor resolution, of the property attributable to such reconstruction,\nalteration or improvement and any increase in market value greater than\nsuch amount shall not be eligible for the exemption pursuant to this\nsection. In a special assessing unit that is not a city, the exemption\nshall be limited to seven hundred fifty thousand dollars in increased\nmarket value. For the purposes of this section, the market value of the\nreconstruction, alteration or improvement, or new construction as\nauthorized by subdivision one-a of this section, shall be equal to the\nincreased assessed value attributable to such reconstruction,\nalteration, improvement or new construction divided by the class one\nratio in a special assessing unit or the most recently established state\nequalization rate or special equalization rate in the remainder of the\nstate, except where the state equalization rate or special equalization\nrate equals or exceeds ninety-five percent, in which case the increase\nin assessed value attributable to such reconstruction, alteration,\nimprovement or new construction shall be deemed to equal the market\nvalue of such reconstruction, alteration or improvement.\n  (b) Except in a special assessing unit that is not a city, no such\nexemption shall be granted for reconstruction, alterations or\nimprovements unless:\n  (i) such reconstruction, alteration or improvement was commenced\nsubsequent to the effective date of the local law or resolution adopted\npursuant to subdivision one of this section; and\n  (ii) the value of such reconstruction, alteration or improvement\nexceeds three thousand dollars; and\n  (iii) the greater portion, as so determined by square footage, of the\nbuilding reconstructed, altered or improved is at least five years old.\n  (c) For purposes of this section the terms reconstruction, alteration\nand improvement shall not include ordinary maintenance and repairs.\n  * NB Effective until January 1, 2026\n  * 2. (a) Such buildings shall be exempt for a period of one year to\nthe extent of one hundred per centum of the increase in assessed value\nthereof attributable to such reconstruction, alteration or improvement\nand for an additional period of seven years subject to the following:\n  (i) The extent of such exemption shall be decreased by twelve and\none-half per centum of the "exemption base" each year during such\nadditional period. The "exemption base" shall be the increase in\nassessed value as determined in the initial year of the term of the\nexemption, except as provided in subparagraph (ii) of this paragraph.\n  (ii) In any year in which a change in level of assessment of fifteen\npercent or more is certified for a final assessment roll pursuant to the\nrules of the commissioner, the exemption base shall be multiplied by a\nfraction, the numerator of which shall be the total assessed value of\nthe parcel on such final assessment roll (after accounting for any\nphysical or quantity changes to the parcel since the immediately\npreceding assessment roll), and the denominator of which shall be the\ntotal assessed value of the parcel on the immediately preceding final\nassessment roll. The result shall be the new exemption base. The\nexemption shall thereupon be recomputed to take into account the new\nexemption base, notwithstanding the fact that the assessor receives\ncertification of the change in level of assessment after the completion,\nverification and filing of the final assessment roll. In the event the\nassessor does not have custody of the roll when such certification is\nreceived, the assessor shall certify the recomputed exemption to the\nlocal officers having custody and control of the roll, and such local\nofficers are hereby directed and authorized to enter the recomputed\nexemption certified by the assessor on the roll. The assessor shall give\nwritten notice of such recomputed exemption to the property owner, who\nmay, if he or she believes that the exemption was recomputed\nincorrectly, apply for a correction in the manner provided by title\nthree of article five of this chapter for the correction of clerical\nerrors.\n  (iii) Such exemption shall be limited to eighty thousand dollars in\nincreased market value, or such other sum less than eighty thousand\ndollars, but not less than five thousand dollars as may be provided by\nthe local law or resolution, of the property attributable to such\nreconstruction, alteration or improvement and any increase in market\nvalue greater than such amount shall not be eligible for the exemption\npursuant to this section. For the purposes of this section, the market\nvalue of the reconstruction, alteration or improvement shall be equal to\nthe increased assessed value attributable to such reconstruction,\nalteration or improvement divided by the class I ratio in a special\nassessing unit or the most recently established state equalization rate\nor special equalization rate in the remainder of the state, except where\nthe state equalization rate or special equalization rate equals or\nexceeds ninety-five percent, in which case the increase in assessed\nvalue attributable to such reconstruction, alteration or improvement\nshall be deemed to equal the market value of such reconstruction,\nalteration or improvement.\n  (b) No such exemption shall be granted for reconstruction, alterations\nor improvements unless:\n  (i) such reconstruction, alteration or improvement was commenced\nsubsequent to the effective date of the local law or resolution adopted\npursuant to subdivision one of this section; and\n  (ii) the value of such reconstruction, alteration or improvement\nexceeds three thousand dollars; and\n  (iii) the greater portion, as so determined by square footage, of the\nbuilding reconstructed, altered or improved is at least five years old.\n  (c) For purposes of this section the terms reconstruction, alteration\nand improvement shall not include ordinary maintenance and repairs.\n  * NB Effective January 1, 2026\n  * 3. Except in a special assessing unit that is not a city, such\nexemption shall be granted only upon application by the owner of such\nbuilding on a form prescribed by the commissioner. The application shall\nbe filed with the assessor of the city, town, village or county having\nthe power to assess property for taxation on or before the appropriate\ntaxable status date of such city, town, village or county. In a special\nassessing unit that is not a city, the exemption shall be applied based\nupon that completion of reconstruction, alteration, improvement or new\nconstruction on or before the applicable taxable status date of the\nspecial assessing unit; provided, however that the exemption for such\nreconstruction, alteration, improvement or new construction that\noccurred after the taxable status date of such special assessing unit\nfor the two thousand nineteen -- two thousand twenty assessment roll and\non or before the taxable status date of such special assessing unit for\nthe two thousand twenty -- two thousand twenty-one assessment roll shall\nbe applied beginning with the two thousand twenty-one -- two thousand\ntwenty-two assessment roll.\n  * NB Effective until January 1, 2026\n  * 3. Such exemption shall be granted only upon application by the\nowner of such building on a form prescribed by the commissioner. The\napplication shall be filed with the assessor of the city, town, village\nor county having the power to assess property for taxation on or before\nthe appropriate taxable status date of such city, town, village or\ncounty.\n  * NB Effective January 1, 2026\n  4. If satisfied that the applicant is entitled to an exemption\npursuant to this section, the assessor shall approve the application and\nsuch building shall thereafter be exempt from taxation and special ad\nvalorem levies as herein provided commencing with the assessment roll\nprepared on the basis of the taxable status date referred to in\nsubdivision three of this section. The assessed value of any exemption\ngranted pursuant to this section shall be entered by the assessor on the\nassessment roll with the taxable property, with the amount of the\nexemption shown in a separate column.\n  * 5. For the purposes of this section, except in a special assessing\nunit that is not a city, a residential building shall mean any building\nor structure designed and occupied exclusively for residential purposes\nby not more than two families.\n  * NB Effective until January 1, 2026\n  * 5. For the purposes of this section, a residential building shall\nmean any building or structure designed and occupied exclusively for\nresidential purposes by not more than two families.\n  * NB Effective January 1, 2026\n  * 6. In the event that a building granted an exemption pursuant to\nthis section ceases to be used primarily for residential purposes, is no\nlonger classified as class one property in a special assessing unit that\nis not a city, or title thereto is transferred to other than the heirs\nor distributees of the owner in other than a special assessing unit that\nis not a city, the exemption granted pursuant to this section shall\ncease.\n  * NB Effective until January 1, 2026\n  * 6. In the event that a building granted an exemption pursuant to\nthis section ceases to be used primarily for residential purposes or\ntitle thereto is transferred to other than the heirs or distributees of\nthe owner, the exemption granted pursuant to this section shall cease.\n  * NB Effective January 1, 2026\n  * 7. (a) Except for a special assessing unit that is not a city, a\ncounty, city, town or village may, by its local law, or school district,\nby its resolution:\n  (i) reduce the per centum of exemption otherwise allowed pursuant to\nthis section;\n  (ii) limit eligibility for the exemption to those forms of\nreconstruction, alterations or improvements as are prescribed in such\nlocal law or resolution;\n  (iii) provide that the exemption shall be applicable only to those\nimprovements which would otherwise result in an increase in the assessed\nvaluation of the real property but which consist of an addition,\nremodeling or modernization to an existing residential structure to\nprevent physical deterioration of the structure or to comply with\napplicable building, sanitary, health and/or fire codes.\n  (b) No such local law or resolution shall reduce or repeal an\nexemption granted pursuant to this section until the expiration of the\nperiod for which such exemption was granted.\n  * NB Effective until January 1, 2026\n  * 7. (a) A county, city, town or village may, by its local law, or\nschool district, by its resolution:\n  (i) reduce the per centum of exemption otherwise allowed pursuant to\nthis section;\n  (ii) limit eligibility for the exemption to those forms of\nreconstruction, alterations or improvements as are prescribed in such\nlocal law or resolution;\n  (iii) provide that the exemption shall be applicable only to those\nimprovements which would otherwise result in an increase in the assessed\nvaluation of the real property but which consist of an addition,\nremodeling or modernization to an existing residential structure to\nprevent physical deterioration of the structure or to comply with\napplicable building, sanitary, health and/or fire codes.\n  (b) No such local law or resolution shall reduce or repeal an\nexemption granted pursuant to this section until the expiration of the\nperiod for which such exemption was granted.\n  * NB Effective January 1, 2026\n  8. The provisions of this section shall not apply to a city with a\npopulation of more than one million.\n
N.Y. RPT Law § 914 — New York Code / Act RPT / Article 9 / Title 2 / Section 914
Parity of tax liens
Status: in_force

§ 914. Parity of tax liens. All tax liens of tax districts which\nbecome liens against a parcel of real property in the same calendar year\nshall rank on a parity except that where a general, special or local law\nprovides that a tax district holding and owning a tax lien for levies\nimposed by it has rights of priority or parity different from other\nholders or owners thereof, the tax liens of such tax district shall rank\nin priority as provided in such law.\n
N.Y. ELN Law § 11-202 — New York Code / Act ELN / Article 11 / Title 2 / Section 11-202
Registration and enrollment of special federal voters and application for special federal ballot
Status: in_force

§ 11-202. Registration and enrollment of special federal voters and\napplication for special federal ballot. 1. a. A person, who, pursuant to\nthis title, is qualified to vote as a special federal voter may, by\napplication received by the state board of elections or any local board\nof elections on or before the tenth day next preceding any election in\nwhich such person would be entitled to vote or the last day of local\nregistration for such election, whichever is later, apply to the board\nof elections of the county in which they resided in person or by\npersonal application by mail for registration and enrollment as a\nspecial federal voter. An application for registration and enrollment\npursuant to this article shall be treated as an application for a\nspecial federal ballot for every election in which the applicant would\nbe eligible to vote which is held through and including the next two\nregularly scheduled general elections held in even numbered years,\nincluding any run-offs which may occur.\n  b. A person who, pursuant to the provisions of this title, is already\nregistered as a special federal voter, may, by application received by\nthe state board of elections or any local board of elections, apply to\nthe board of elections of the county in which he is so registered in\nperson or by mail for a special federal ballot. Such an application\nshall entitle such a voter to receive a ballot for every election in\nwhich such voter is entitled to vote which is held through and including\nthe next two regularly scheduled general elections held in even numbered\nyears, including any run-offs which may occur, provided, however, such\napplication shall not apply to any election held on or before the\nseventh day after receipt of such application.\n  c. Insofar as the provisions of this chapter providing for permanent\npersonal registration and enrollment, and enrollment by mail or special\nenrollment, and voting in person or by absentee ballot do not conflict\nwith any provision of this title, such provisions shall apply to a\nperson authorized to register and vote under this title; in the case of\nany such conflict, the provision of this title shall prevail and such\nother provision of this chapter shall not apply. For the purposes of\nthis title, any person eligible pursuant to the provisions of this\nchapter to vote by absentee ballot shall be eligible for absentee\nregistration and enrollment.\n  d. In addition to any other method of registering to vote or of\napplying for a special federal ballot, a special federal voter may\nrequest a voter registration application or request a special federal\nballot application by facsimile transmission to the board of elections\nor pursuant to the Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act\nor by electronic mail. When making such a request, the special federal\nvoter may designate a preference for transmission of such voter\nregistration application and special federal ballot application pursuant\nto section 11-203 of this title.\n  e. The special federal ballot application shall allow the special\nfederal voter to designate a preference to receive the special federal\nballot pursuant to section 11-203 of this title.\n  f. The procedures for receiving documents from and transmitting\ndocuments to a special federal voter shall, to the extent practicable,\nprotect the security and integrity of the special federal voter\nregistration and special federal ballot application request process and\nprotect the privacy of the special federal voter, including the voter's\nidentity and other personal data. Nothing in this paragraph shall limit\nthe information that may be obtained pursuant to section 3-220 of this\nchapter.\n  2. a. A form of application for registration and enrollment as a\nspecial federal voter and for a special federal ballot or a form of\napplication for a special federal ballot by persons registered pursuant\nto this title shall be furnished by the board of elections to the\napplicant who shall request such form within the time limited therefor.\nThe application shall be made and signed by the applicant at the places\nthereon provided for such purpose and such applicant shall set forth\ntherein all of the facts required to establish his qualifications to\nregister and vote under this title.\n  b. The forms for use under this section shall be of a distinctive\ncolor and substantially in the form prescribed by the state board of\nelections and shall elicit all the information which may be necessary to\ndetermine eligibility to register and vote pursuant to the provisions of\nthis title.\n
N.Y. EDN Law § 2590-S — New York Code / Act EDN / Title 2 / Article 52-A / Section 2590-S
Prompt payment of salaries
Status: in_force

§ 2590-s. Prompt payment of salaries. In a city with a population of\none million or more, all employees of the board of education shall be\npaid the amount of compensation due them pursuant to collective\nbargaining agreements, except as is otherwise provided in section three\nthousand eleven of this chapter. If such payments are not made on the\ndates so required, interest shall be recovered beginning thirty days,\nfollowing the later of the effective date of this section or the\nrequired payment date through the day that payment is in fact tendered.\nIn the case of a salary differential, the date compensation is due shall\nbe defined as thirty days following the date an employee's application\nis filed by the employee with the board of education of the city of New\nYork. Interest shall be computed at the rate set forth in paragraph one\nof subsection (e) of section one thousand ninety-six of the tax law and\nshall be added to any compensation amounts referred to in this section\nthat have not been paid when owed.\n
N.Y. PBH Law § 2330 — New York Code / Act PBH / Article 23 / Title 2 / Section 2330
Houses of prostitution; abatement; breaking, entering or using closed building
Status: in_force

§ 2330. Houses of prostitution; abatement; breaking, entering or using\nclosed building. If any person shall break and enter, or use a building,\nerection, or place directed to be closed pursuant to the provisions of\nthis article, he shall be punished as for contempt as provided in this\narticle.\n
N.Y. EDN Law § 2034 — New York Code / Act EDN / Title 2 / Article 41 / Part 1 / Section 2034
Canvass of votes; declaration of result
Status: in_force

§ 2034. Canvass of votes; declaration of result. 1. Immediately upon\nthe close of the polls the inspectors of election shall count the\nballots found in the ballot box without unfolding them, except so far as\nis necessary to ascertain that each ballot is single. They shall compare\nthe number of ballots found in the ballot box with the number of persons\nrecorded on the poll list as having voted at the meeting or election. If\nthe number of ballots found in the ballot box shall exceed the number of\nnames on such poll list, such ballots shall be replaced without being\nunfolded in the box from which they were taken and shall be thoroughly\nmingled in such box and the chief inspector of election shall then\npublicly draw out as many ballots as shall be equal to the number of\nexcess ballots. The ballots so drawn out shall be enclosed without\nunfolding in an envelope which shall be sealed and endorsed with a\nstatement of the number of such excess ballots withdrawn from the box\nand shall be signed by the chief inspector. Such envelope with the\nexcess ballots therein shall be placed in the ballot box as provided in\nsubdivision six of this section.\n  2. The ballots shall be counted or canvassed by the inspectors of\nelection and the votes cast for each candidate shall be tallied and\ncounted by the inspectors of election.\n  3. The whole ballot is void if the voter\n  a. does any act extrinsic to the ballot such as enclosing any paper or\nother article in the folded ballot, or\n  b. defaces or tears the ballot, or\n  c. makes an erasure thereon, or\n  d. in a union free school district meeting or election, makes any mark\nthereon other than a single cross X mark in pen or pencil, or a single\ncheck * mark, in pen or pencil, in a voting square, or other than the\nwriting in a name for the purpose of voting; provided, however, that an\nerasure or a mark other than a single cross X mark in pen or pencil, or\na single check * mark, in pen or pencil, made in a voting square shall\nnot make the ballot void, but shall render it blank as to the office in\nconnection with which it is made. No ballot shall be declared void or\npartially blank because a cross X mark or check * mark thereon is\nirregular in form.\n  * NB There should be a check mark in this space.\n  4. In a union free school district meeting or election, if the voter\nmarks more than one name in a group for a separate specific office or if\nfor any reason it is impossible to determine the voter's choice of\ncandidate for an office his vote shall not be counted for such office\nbut shall be returned as a blank vote thereon.\n  5. The inspectors of election shall announce to the chairman the\nresults of the ballot. The ballots that were declared void or wholly\nblank shall be sealed in an envelope and so endorsed by the inspectors\nof election.  Such envelope shall be placed in the ballot box as\nprovided in subdivision six of this section.\n  6. After the ballots are counted and the statements have been made as\nrequired in this section, the ballots, together with the envelopes\ncontaining the defective or spoiled ballots, the excess ballots and the\nvoid or wholly blank ballots, shall be placed in the ballot box or\nboxes. Each box shall be securely locked and sealed by the inspectors of\nelection and deposited by the chief inspector with the clerk of the\ndistrict. The unused ballots shall be placed in a sealed package by the\ninspectors of election and returned to such clerk by the chief inspector\nat the same time that such ballot box, or boxes, are delivered to him.\nThe ballot box, or boxes, and the package of unused ballots, after being\nsealed by the inspectors of election, shall not thereafter be opened,\nexcept:\n  a. upon the order of the commissioner of education in the manner\nspecified in such order, or\n  b. when a period of six months from the date of the meeting or\nelection has elapsed without any proceeding being commenced in regard to\nsuch meeting or election, the board of education may, notwithstanding\nany provision of this chapter or of the public officers law to the\ncontrary, by written resolution order the unsealing and opening of the\nballot box, or boxes, and the destruction of all ballots contained\ntherein, together with the unused ballots.\n  7. a. Except as provided in paragraph c of this subdivision, the\nchairman shall declare to the meeting or election the result of each\nballot, as announced to him by the inspectors of election, and the\npersons having a plurality of the votes cast, respectively, for the\nseveral offices shall be elected except as provided in paragraphs b and\nd of this subdivision.\n  b. If the school district shall have been divided into election\ndistricts pursuant to section two thousand seventeen of this chapter the\ninspectors of election shall make a written report of the results of the\nballot, signed by all such inspectors, to the chief inspector of\nelection of each election district. The chief inspector of election of\neach election district shall within twenty-four hours file such written\nreport with the clerk of the district. The board of education shall\nthereupon within twenty-four hours tabulate and declare the result of\nthe ballot.\n  c. If the school district shall have adopted a proposition pursuant to\nparagraph b of section two thousand eighteen, the candidates receiving a\nplurality of the votes cast respectively for the several offices shall\nbe declared elected. Where more than one office is to be filled by such\nelection and there is a variance in the length of the terms for which\nsuch offices are to be filled as authorized by this chapter, or where\none or more persons are to be elected for a full term or terms and one\nor more persons are to be elected for the unexpired portion of a term or\nterms, or both, the candidate receiving the largest number of votes\nshall be entitled to the longest term and the candidates receiving the\nnext highest number of votes shall be entitled, in decreasing order of\nthe respective numbers of votes, to the several offices, in decreasing\norder of the length of such terms or unexpired portions of terms.\n  8. The clerk of the meeting or election shall record the result of\neach ballot as declared by the chairman.\n  9. The clerk of the district shall serve a written notice either\npersonally or by mail upon each person declared elected as provided in\nsubdivision five of section twenty-one hundred twenty-one of this\nchapter.\n  10. In the event that more eligible persons than the number remaining\nto be elected receive, for the same office or offices, an equal number\nof votes sufficient that fewer persons receiving such number of votes\nwould be elected, the board of education shall call a special run-off\nelection to be held within forty-five days following the general or\nspecial election at which such tie vote was cast to determine which of\nsuch candidates shall be elected to such office. The only persons who\nshall be deemed nominated for such run-off election shall be the\ncandidates who have received such equal number of votes.\n
N.Y. PBH Law § 4915 — New York Code / Act PBH / Article 49 / Title 2 / Section 4915
Prohibited practices
Status: in_force

§ 4915. Prohibited practices. An external appeal agent shall not, with\nrespect to external appeal activities, permit or provide compensation or\nanything of value to its employees, agents, or contractors based on:\n  1. either a percentage of the amount by which a claim is reduced for\npayment or the number of claims or the cost of services for which the\nperson has denied authorization or payment; or\n  2. any other method that encourages the upholding of an adverse\ndetermination.\n
N.Y. RPT Law § 1226 — New York Code / Act RPT / Article 12 / Title 2 / Section 1226
Special equalization rates; tax apportionment
Status: in_force

§ 1226. Special equalization rates; tax apportionment. 1. If the\ncommissioner finds that there has been a material change in level of\nassessment in a town or city since the last state equalization rate was\nestablished, it shall determine and certify a special equalization rate\nfor tax apportionment purposes to the district superintendent of schools\nfor use in the apportionment of school taxes as provided in section\nthirteen hundred fourteen of this chapter.\n  2. If the commissioner finds that the last state equalization rate is\ninequitable for part of a town or city within a school district or\nspecial district, it shall determine a special equalization rate for\nsuch part and shall furnish such rate to the district superintendent of\nschools or the clerk of the county legislative body, as the case may be;\nprovided that with respect to levies on behalf of special districts, the\nsame be certified at least fifteen days prior to the last date set by\nlaw for such levy.\n  3. If the commissioner finds that the latest state equalization rate\nfor a town is inequitable for the town or part thereof located in a\nvillage which has adopted a local law pursuant to subdivision three of\nsection fourteen hundred two of this chapter, it shall determine a\nspecial equalization rate and furnish such rate to the clerk of the\nvillage board of trustees.\n
N.Y. LAB Law § 527 — New York Code / Act LAB / Article 18 / Title 2 / Section 527
Valid original claim
Status: in_force

§ 527. Valid original claim. 1. Basic condition. "Valid original\nclaim" is a claim filed by a claimant who meets the following\nqualifications:  (a) is able to work, and available for work; (b) is not\nsubject to any disqualification or suspension under this article; (c)\nhis or her previously established benefit year, if any, has expired; (d)\nhas been paid remuneration by employers liable for contributions or for\npayments in lieu of contributions under this article, other than\nemployers from whom the claimant lost employment and for which the\ncommissioner makes a determination disqualifying the claimant for\nmisconduct pursuant to subdivisions three and six of section five\nhundred ninety-three of this article, for employment during at least two\ncalendar quarters of the base period, with remuneration of one and\none-half times the high calendar quarter remuneration within the base\nperiod and with at least two hundred twenty-one times the minimum wage\nestablished under subdivision one of section six hundred fifty-two of\nthis chapter rounded down to the nearest one hundred dollars of such\nremuneration being paid during the high calendar quarter of such base\nperiod. For purposes of this section, the remuneration in the high\ncalendar quarter of the base period used in determining a valid original\nclaim shall not exceed an amount equal to twenty-two times the maximum\nbenefit rate as set forth in subdivision five of section five hundred\nninety of this article for all individuals.\n  2. Alternate condition. (a) An individual who is unable to file a\nvalid original claim in accordance with subdivision one of this section,\nfiles a valid original claim by meeting the qualifications enumerated in\nparagraphs (a), (b) and (c) of subdivision one of this section and by\nhaving been paid remuneration by employers liable for contributions or\nfor payments in lieu of contributions under this article, other than\nemployers from whom the claimant lost employment and for which the\ncommissioner makes a determination disqualifying the claimant for\nmisconduct pursuant to subdivisions three and six of section five\nhundred ninety-three of this article, for employment during at least two\ncalendar quarters of the base period, with remuneration of one and\none-half times the high calendar quarter remuneration within the base\nperiod and with at least two hundred twenty-one times the minimum wage\nestablished under subdivision one of section six hundred fifty-two of\nthis chapter rounded down to the nearest one hundred dollars of such\nremuneration being paid during the high calendar quarter of such base\nperiod. For purposes of this section, the remuneration in the high\ncalendar quarter of the base period used in determining a valid original\nclaim shall not exceed an amount equal to twenty-two times the maximum\nbenefit rate as set forth in subdivision five of section five hundred\nninety of this article for all individuals.\n  (b) An individual who is able to file a valid original claim in\naccordance with subdivision one of this section, may make an application\nto the commissioner to determine his or her entitlement to benefits and\nbenefit rate pursuant to paragraph (a) of this subdivision under the\nfollowing conditions:\n  (i) The claimant must file such application within ten days of the\ndate the monetary determination was mailed by the department.\n  (ii) In those circumstances where a wage data report in relation to\nthe alternate condition is not due or has not been received, the\nclaimant must provide proof of remuneration paid for such quarter to the\ncommissioner's satisfaction in order for the claimant's application to\nbe considered.\n  (iii) Under those circumstances where such application results in the\nclaimant being able to file a valid original claim under the basic\ncondition and the alternate condition, the claimant may select the\ncondition to be utilized.\n  3. Disability. In the case of a claimant who did not file a valid\noriginal claim solely because the claimant was not paid sufficient\nremuneration and who received workers' compensation payments or any\nbenefits paid pursuant to the volunteer firefighters' benefit law during\nthe base period specified in subdivision one of section five hundred\ntwenty of this article, said period shall be extended. The term of the\nextension shall be equivalent to the number of calendar quarters during\nwhich the claimant received such payments, but shall not exceed two\ncalendar quarters.\n  4. General condition. A valid original claim may be filed only in a\nweek that qualifies as an effective week of unemployment for the\nclaimant.\n  5. Utilization of wage credits. Remuneration used to establish a valid\noriginal claim pursuant to subdivision one, two or three of this\nsection, may not be considered for the purpose of establishing a\nsubsequent valid original claim except as provided by section five\nhundred twenty-eight of this article.\n  6. Work requirement. An individual who has filed a previous valid\noriginal claim pursuant to this section must have worked in employment\nand been paid remuneration for such work since the beginning of such\nprevious claim in an amount equal to at least ten times the claimant's\nweekly benefit rate in order to be able to file a subsequent valid\noriginal claim.\n