N.D. Cent. Code § 1-06-05 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-06 / Section 1-06-05
1-06-05. Municipal transfers validated
Status: in_force

1-06-05. Municipal transfers validated

Any sale or transfer of lands acquired by any municipality under the provisions of section

11-27-08, by any governing body of any municipality or park district in this state is hereby

validated and confirmed and declared to be fully effective and operative to convey the estates

therein granted, free and clear of any restrictions as to their use for park purposes. The

provisions of this section apply to all estates granted or conveyed prior to March 3, 1955.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-01-46 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-01 / Section 1-01-46
1-01-46. Decree - Definition
Status: repealed

1-01-46. Decree - Definition

Repealed by S.L. 2025, ch. 64, § 14.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-03-05 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-03 / Section 1-03-05
1-03-05. Act due on Saturday or holiday performed on next day
Status: in_force

1-03-05. Act due on Saturday or holiday performed on next day

Whenever an act of a secular nature, other than a work of necessity or mercy, is appointed

by law or contract to be performed upon a particular day, that falls upon a Saturday or a holiday,

the act may be performed upon the next business day with the same effect as if it had been

performed upon the day appointed.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-03-02.1 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-03 / Section 1-03-02.1
1-03-02.1. When holiday falls on a Saturday
Status: in_force

1-03-02.1. When holiday falls on a Saturday

If any of the holidays enumerated in section 1-03-02 fall on a Saturday, the Friday

immediately before shall be the holiday.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-02-34 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-02 / Section 1-02-34
1-02-34. Pendency and transfer of actions and proceedings
Status: in_force

1-02-34. Pendency and transfer of actions and proceedings

If at the time this code takes effect any action or proceeding properly commenced prior

thereto is pending before any court, tribunal, board, commission, or public officer, and such

court, tribunal, board, commission, or public officer is without jurisdiction of such action or

proceeding under the provisions of this code, such action or proceeding nevertheless must be

transferred, together with all the papers relating thereto, to the court, tribunal, board,

commission, or public officer having jurisdiction thereof, with the same force and effect as if

originally commenced before such court, tribunal, board, commission, or public officer.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-02-29 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-02 / Section 1-02-29
1-02-29. Repeal of incorporating law does not dissolve existing corporation or limited liability company
Status: repealed

1-02-29. Repeal of incorporating law does not dissolve existing corporation or limited

liability company.

No existing corporation or limited liability company is dissolved on account of the repeal of

any statute pursuant to which it was organized, nor may the powers specified in its charter,

certificate, articles of incorporation, or articles of organization be impaired or limited thereby. No

repeal impairs, annuls, diverts, or disturbs any vested rights, privileges, or powers actually

exercised and enjoyed in or by any corporation or limited liability company under such repealed

laws.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-03-13 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-03 / Section 1-03-13
1-03-13. Indigenous Peoples Day
Status: in_force

1-03-13. Indigenous Peoples Day

To recognize the indigenous peoples of the State of North Dakota and their contributions to

the state and to the United States, the governor shall issue a proclamation each year

designating the Friday before the second Monday in October as Indigenous Peoples Day.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-01-09 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-01 / Section 1-01-09
1-01-09. Word defined by statute always has same meaning
Status: in_force

1-01-09. Word defined by statute always has same meaning

Whenever the meaning of a word or phrase is defined in any statute, such definition is

applicable to the same word or phrase wherever it occurs in the same or subsequent statutes,

except when a contrary intention plainly appears.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-04-10 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-04 / Section 1-04-10
1-04-10. Deeds, judgments, decrees, mortgage foreclosures, and other transfers legalized
Status: in_force

1-04-10. Deeds, judgments, decrees, mortgage foreclosures, and other transfers

legalized.

Any deed, judgment, decree, mortgage foreclosure, or other transfer, including a sheriff's

certificate of sale, affecting the title to real property in this state, in good faith taken, made, or

rendered in favor or in the name of a deceased person, or in the name of the estate of a

deceased person, or to the executor or administrator thereof, prior to January 1, 1943, must be

construed and held to be made and to be in favor of the domestic or foreign executor or

administrator, as the case may be, of the estate of such deceased person, and the same hereby

is declared to be legal and valid for all purposes. Such executor or administrator hereby is

authorized and empowered to assign, transfer, and set over any such property to the person

entitled thereto. If a final decree of distribution has been issued by any domestic or foreign court

relating to any property so acquired, assigning or transferring any such property to any person,

such final decree of distribution shall vest in and transfer to such person so designated, fully and

completely, all right, title, interest, claim, or demand thereto of the deceased and the estate of

the deceased person.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-08-12 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-08 / Section 1-08-12
1-08-12. Alternative methods of signing, subscribing, or verifying documents filed by electronic means
Status: in_force

1-08-12. Alternative methods of signing, subscribing, or verifying documents filed by

electronic means.

A state agency, as defined in section 44-08-04.2, charged by law with the duty of receiving

signed, subscribed, or verified documents may accept such documents filed by electronic

means, including telecommunications. The secretary of state may adopt rules in the manner

provided in chapter 28-32 to govern methods for signing, subscribing, or verifying documents

filed by electronic means, except documents filed with the tax commissioner. A signature on a

document filed by electronic means which is accepted by the state agency and complies with

the rules of the secretary of state has the same validity and consequence as the actual

signature and written declaration for a paper document.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-06-03 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-06 / Section 1-06-03
1-06-03. Validation of acts of state water commission
Status: in_force

1-06-03. Validation of acts of state water commission

All acts and proceedings of the water commission done and performed by said commission

under and pursuant to the provisions of chapter 61-02 are declared valid in all things.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-01-21 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-01 / Section 1-01-21
1-01-21. Good faith - Definition
Status: repealed

1-01-21. Good faith - Definition

Repealed by S.L. 2025, ch. 64, § 14.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-06-06 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-06 / Section 1-06-06
1-06-06. Improvement district proceedings validated
Status: in_force

1-06-06. Improvement district proceedings validated

In all cases where the governing body of any city with a population of over ten thousand has

heretofore entered into an agreement with the department of transportation of the state of North

Dakota for the improvement of streets and construction of street lights, sewers, water mains or

any of such facilities, and for such purpose has created a special improvement district or

districts and has by resolution declared the necessity of such improvement, whether or not final

plans and specifications for such work and estimates of the cost thereof have previously been

prepared and filed, and has caused such resolution to be published in the official newspaper of

the city, and no protests have been filed with the city auditor within thirty days after the first

publication of such resolution by owners of property situated within the improvement district, or

the protests so filed are signed by owners of less than seventy-five percent of such property, all

such proceedings are hereby legalized and validated, notwithstanding any errors, omissions or

defects therein, including, but without limitation, any defect which exists or may exist by reason

of the execution of any such agreement and the award of a contract for construction of all or any

part of any such improvement by the city or the department of transportation prior to the

adoption of and hearing of protests against the resolution of necessity, and any and all such

agreements and contracts heretofore entered into are likewise legalized and validated, and such

cities are hereby authorized to pay all or any part of their share of the cost of any such

improvement by the levy of special assessments upon benefited properties within the

improvement district created therefor, or by the levy of ad valorem taxes upon all taxable

property within their corporate limits, or by both of such means, in the manner prescribed in

title 40, provided that in no case may the principal sum be paid initially by the levy of ad valorem

taxes exceed twenty percent of the total cost of any such improvement, and such cities are

further authorized to issue warrants in anticipation of the collection of such special assessments

and taxes and to take all measures for the collection of said assessments and taxes and the

payment of said warrants as are provided in said title 40.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-08-07 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-08 / Section 1-08-07
1-08-07. Validation of flood irrigation proceedings
Status: in_force

1-08-07. Validation of flood irrigation proceedings

All proceedings had or taken by the board of county commissioners of any county of this

state to appoint a board of flood irrigation in such county, and all proceedings had or taken by

the board of flood irrigation appointed to establish and construct flood irrigation projects in the

county, and all indebtedness incurred by either or both of said boards to establish, construct,

and complete any such flood irrigation project, and all proceedings had or taken prior to

February 15, 1937, to assess benefits or levy assessments and taxes for the cost thereof,

including notices of hearings in connection with the creation of any flood irrigation district or for

any assessment of damages and benefits resulting from flood irrigation projects, and all bonds,

warrants, orders, or other evidences of indebtedness, and all obligations incurred to establish

and construct any such flood irrigation projects, hereby are declared to be valid and legal. All

bonds, warrants, or other evidences of indebtedness issued to fund said indebtedness or any

part thereof, or to finance the cost of any such flood irrigation project the construction of which

was started prior to such date, hereby are declared to be valid and legal obligations,

notwithstanding any defects in giving notice of hearings, or any other irregularities in any

proceedings.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-06-07 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-06 / Section 1-06-07
1-06-07. Validation of documents executed with facsimile signatures
Status: in_force

1-06-07. Validation of documents executed with facsimile signatures

Licenses, permits, or other authorizations provided for by the statutes, ordinances,

resolutions, or rules of this state, any city, county, school district, or other political subdivision

which were executed with a facsimile signature which was on file with the appropriate office at

the time of execution may not be declared invalid solely by virtue of the fact they were executed

with a facsimile signature.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-01-45 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-01 / Section 1-01-45
1-01-45. Corporate surety - Definition
Status: repealed

1-01-45. Corporate surety - Definition

Repealed by S.L. 2025, ch. 64, § 14.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-01-20 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-01 / Section 1-01-20
1-01-20. Valuable consideration - Definition
Status: repealed

1-01-20. Valuable consideration - Definition

Repealed by S.L. 2025, ch. 64, § 14.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-02-15 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-02 / Section 1-02-15
1-02-15. Computation of time
Status: in_force

1-02-15. Computation of time

The time in which any act provided by law is to be done is computed by excluding the first

day and including the last, unless the last is a holiday, and then it also is excluded. If a number

of months is to be computed by counting the months from a particular day, the period ends on

the same numerical day in the concluding month as the day of the month from which the

computation is begun, unless there are not that many days in the concluding month, in which

case the period ends on the last day of that month.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-05-05 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-05 / Section 1-05-05
1-05-05. Validating foreclosure when proceedings defective
Status: in_force

1-05-05. Validating foreclosure when proceedings defective

From and after January 1, 1944, no action may be commenced or maintained, and no

defense or counterclaim in any action shall be recognized, in the courts of this state, upon the

ground that any real estate mortgage foreclosure, sale in connection with which was had prior to

January 1, 1943, is defective, legally insufficient, or void, unless such action, defense, or

counterclaim is upon grounds other than the following:

1. That no notice of intention to foreclose the mortgage was served upon the record

owner or other person or persons in the manner required by law, or that any such

notice is defective in form or substance, or in manner of service or filing;

2. That no application for permission to foreclose such mortgage was made to or granted

by the district court;

3. That the printer's affidavit of publication of the notice of mortgage foreclosure sale in

connection with such foreclosure was made by an employee of the newspaper printing

the notice, other than the printer, publisher, foreman, clerk, or bookkeeper of such

newspaper; or

4. That no power of attorney, or attorney's affidavit was filed or recorded as provided by

law.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-01-01.1 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-01 / Section 1-01-01.1
1-01-01.1. Adoption of North Dakota Revised Code of 1943
Status: repealed

1-01-01.1. Adoption of North Dakota Revised Code of 1943

Repealed by omission from this code.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-02-35 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-02 / Section 1-02-35
1-02-35. Date of taking effect of code
Status: repealed

1-02-35. Date of taking effect of code

Repealed by S.L. 2021, ch. 356, § 2.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-04-06 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-04 / Section 1-04-06
1-04-06. Instruments affecting real or personal property by representative legalized
Status: in_force

1-04-06. Instruments affecting real or personal property by representative legalized

If any instrument affecting real or personal property in this state heretofore executed by or to

any person purporting to act in a representative capacity fails clearly to identify the beneficiary

and the nature of the trust, the person by or to whom such instrument was executed, within six

months after the taking effect of this code, may file and have recorded in the office of the

recorder of the county in which such instrument was recorded, a statement in writing, referring

to any such instrument by date, name of the parties, when and where recorded, the nature of

the instrument, a description of the property affected thereby, and fully and clearly by name

identifying the beneficiary and the nature of the trust. Such statement must be acknowledged so

as to entitle the same to record.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-01-14 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-01 / Section 1-01-14
1-01-14. Degrees of care
Status: in_force

1-01-14. Degrees of care

There are three degrees of care and of diligence mentioned in this code, namely, slight,

ordinary, and great. Each of the last two includes any lesser degree or degrees.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-02-41 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-02 / Section 1-02-41
1-02-41. References to a series
Status: in_force

1-02-41. References to a series

If a statute refers to a series of numbers or letters, the first and the last numbers or letters

are included.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-01-16 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-01 / Section 1-01-16
1-01-16. Degrees of negligence
Status: in_force

1-01-16. Degrees of negligence

There are three degrees of negligence mentioned in this code, namely, slight, ordinary, and

gross. Each of the last two includes any lesser degree or degrees.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-01-04 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-01 / Section 1-01-04
1-01-04. Common law divided
Status: in_force

1-01-04. Common law divided

The common law is divided into:

1. Public law, or the law of nations; and

2. Domestic or municipal law.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-02-13 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-02 / Section 1-02-13
1-02-13. Uniform laws interpreted to effect purpose
Status: in_force

1-02-13. Uniform laws interpreted to effect purpose

Any provision in this code which is a part of a uniform statute must be so construed as to

effectuate its general purpose to make uniform the law of those states which enact it.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-02-09 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-02 / Section 1-02-09
1-02-09. Irreconcilable statutes or constitutional amendments passed during the same session
Status: in_force

1-02-09. Irreconcilable statutes or constitutional amendments passed during the

same session.

1. Whenever the provisions of two or more statutes passed during the same session of

the legislative assembly are irreconcilable, the statute latest in date of final passage by

the legislative assembly, irrespective of the date on which it was approved or allowed

to become law by the governor or of its effective date, prevails from the time it

becomes effective. However, whenever a provision of one or more statutes repeals a

law and a provision of one or more statutes passed later during the same session of

the legislative assembly amends that law, the provision amending the law prevails

from the time it becomes effective only if:

a. The legislative council determines the intent of the legislative assembly was to

retain the amended law as an independent law; or

b. The provision amending the law has an earlier effective date than the effective

date of the provision repealing the law, in which case the amendment prevails

from its effective date until the effective date of the provision repealing the law.

2. Whenever two or more concurrent resolutions, adopted during the same session of the

legislative assembly, propose to create or amend, or amend and repeal, the same

section of the Constitution of North Dakota, the secretary of state, in consultation with

the attorney general, shall determine if the proposals are irreconcilable, and if they are

irreconcilable, the resolution last adopted by the legislative assembly, as determined

by the legislative council, must be placed on the ballot for the appropriate election for

approval or disapproval by the electorate.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-01-49 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-01 / Section 1-01-49
1-01-49. Other general definitions
Status: in_force

1-01-49. Other general definitions

As used in this code, unless the context otherwise requires or unless otherwise defined:

1. "Children" includes children by birth and by adoption.

2. "Coal" means all kinds of coal and includes what is known as lignite coal.

3. "Compound interest" means interest added to the principal as the interest becomes

due and which thereafter bears interest.

4. "Corporate surety" means a corporation or limited liability company duly authorized

under the laws of this state to transact a surety business in the state.

5. "Decree" has the same meaning as the word "judgment".

6. "Depose" includes every mode of written statement under oath or affirmation.

7. "Executor" includes administrator and "administrator" includes executor.

8. "Female" means a girl, woman, or an individual whose biological reproductive system

is developed to produce ova.

9. "Good faith" means an honest intention to abstain from taking any unconscientious

advantage of another even through the forms or technicalities of law, together with an

absence of all information or belief of facts which would render the transaction

unconscientious.

10. "Individual" means a human being.

11. "Male" means a boy, man, or an individual whose biological reproductive system is

developed to produce sperm.

12. "Oath" includes "affirmation".

13. "Organization" includes a foreign or domestic association, business trust, corporation,

enterprise, estate, joint venture, limited liability company, limited liability partnership,

limited partnership, partnership, trust, or any legal or commercial entity.

14. "Paper" means any flexible material upon which it is usual to write.

15. "Partnership" includes a limited liability partnership registered under chapter 45-22.

16. "Penitentiary" includes any affiliated facilities.

17. "Person" means an individual, organization, government, political subdivision, or

government agency or instrumentality. The term does not include environmental

elements, artificial intelligence, an animal, or an inanimate object.

18. "Personal property" includes money, goods, chattels, things in action, and evidences of

debt.

19. "Population" means the number of inhabitants as determined by the last preceding

state or federal census.

20. "Preceding" and "following" when used by way of reference to a chapter or other part

of a statute means the next preceding or next following chapter or other part.

21. "Primary sector business" means an individual, corporation, limited liability company,

partnership, or association certified by the department of commerce division of

economic development and finance which through the employment of knowledge or

labor adds value to a product, process, or service which results in the creation of new

wealth. The term includes tourism operations demonstrating the creation of new wealth

by attracting out-of-state visitors.

For purposes of this subsection, "new wealth" means revenues generated by a

business or tourism operation in this state through the sale of products or services to:

a. Customers or visitors from outside this state; or

b. Customers in this state if the products or services were previously unavailable or

difficult to obtain from a business in this state.

22. "Process" means a writ or summons issued in the course of judicial proceedings.

23. "Property" includes property, real and personal.

24. "Qualified elector", as used in this code concerning qualifications for signing petitions

to governmental bodies, means a citizen of the United States who is eighteen years of

age or older; and is a resident of this state and of the area affected by the petition.

25. "Real property" shall be coextensive with lands, tenements, and hereditaments.

26. "Rule" includes regulation.

27. "Several" in relation to number means two or more.

28. "Sex" means the biological state of being male or female, based on the individual's

nonambiguous sex organs, chromosomes, or endogenous hormone profiles at birth.

29. "Signature" or "subscription" includes "mark" when the individual cannot write, the

individual's name being written near it and written by another individual who writes the

individual's own name as a witness.

30. "State" when applied to the different parts of the United States, includes the District of

Columbia and the territories.

31. "Testify" includes every mode of oral statement under oath or affirmation.

32. "Third persons" includes all who are not parties to the obligation or transaction

concerning which the phrase is used.

33. "United States" includes the District of Columbia and the territories.

34. "Value" or "valuable consideration" means something of value parted with, or a new

obligation assumed at the time of obtaining something, which serves as substantial

compensation for what is received in return.

35. "Verdict" includes not only the verdict of a jury, but also the finding upon the facts of a

judge or of a master appointed to determine the issues in a cause.

36. "Verified" means sworn to before an officer authorized to administer oaths.

37. "Will" includes codicils.

38. "Writ" means an order or precept in writing, issued in the name of the state or of a

court or judicial officer.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-05-04 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-05 / Section 1-05-04
1-05-04. Validation of foreclosure of mortgage by foreign executor, administrator, or guardian
Status: in_force

1-05-04. Validation of foreclosure of mortgage by foreign executor, administrator, or

guardian.

If any real estate mortgage given prior to January 1, 1943, was foreclosed in any action or

proceeding by a foreign executor, administrator, or guardian, such foreclosure, after six months

from and after the date this code takes effect, may not be set aside by reason of the

appointment of a resident executor, administrator, or guardian, or by reason of the failure of any

such foreign executor, administrator, or guardian to file an authenticated copy of the person's

appointment as such executor, administrator, or guardian, in the office of the clerk of the district

court, or to record such copy in the office of the recorder of the county in which the action or

proceeding to foreclose such mortgage was commenced, if a certified copy of such appointment

heretofore has been recorded in such county, and if in the action or proceeding to foreclose

such mortgage a sheriff's certificate has been issued prior to January 1, 1943.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-08-05 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-08 / Section 1-08-05
1-08-05. Validating proceedings of a corporation by two-thirds vote
Status: in_force

1-08-05. Validating proceedings of a corporation by two-thirds vote

Proceedings had or authorized prior to July 1, 1941, by a two-thirds vote shall be in all

things deemed legal and binding upon all stockholders or members of a corporation unless,

within ninety days after this code takes effect, nonassenting stockholders or members by action

to enjoin or by other appropriate judicial process shall question the legality of any sale made or

act done pursuant to such authorization.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-02-39 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-02 / Section 1-02-39
1-02-39. Aids in construction of ambiguous statutes
Status: in_force

1-02-39. Aids in construction of ambiguous statutes

If a statute is ambiguous, the court, in determining the intention of the legislation, may

consider among other matters:

1. The object sought to be attained.

2. The circumstances under which the statute was enacted.

3. The legislative history.

4. The common law or former statutory provisions, including laws upon the same or

similar subjects.

5. The consequences of a particular construction.

6. The administrative construction of the statute.

7. The preamble.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-02-17 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-02 / Section 1-02-17
1-02-17. Repeal - Effect
Status: in_force

1-02-17. Repeal - Effect

The repeal of any statute by the legislative assembly, or by the people through an initiated

law, does not have the effect of releasing or extinguishing any penalty, fine, liability, or forfeiture

incurred under such statute, but as to cases tried before, or subsequent to, the repeal of such

statute, it has the effect of extinguishing any jail or prison sentence that may be, or that has

been, imposed by reason of said law, unless the repealing act provides expressly that the

penalties of imprisonment shall remain in force as to crimes committed in violation of such law

prior to its repeal. In other respects, such act shall remain in force only for the purpose of the

enforcement of such fine, penalty, or forfeiture.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-02-36 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-02 / Section 1-02-36
1-02-36. Registered or certified mail
Status: in_force

1-02-36. Registered or certified mail

Wherever the term "registered mail" appears in the laws of the state of North Dakota it

means "registered or certified mail".
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-02-12 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-02 / Section 1-02-12
1-02-12. Caption, cross-reference note, and source note
Status: in_force

1-02-12. Caption, cross-reference note, and source note

No caption, source note, or cross-reference note, whether designating an entire title,

chapter, section, subsection, or subdivision, constitutes any part of a statute. A caption may not

be used to determine legislative intent or the legislative history for any statute. An effective date

or expiration date note immediately following a caption is not a part of the caption and is a part

of the statute.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-07-03 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-07 / Section 1-07-03
1-07-03. Validation of proceedings in financing project under federal emergency administration of public works
Status: in_force

1-07-03. Validation of proceedings in financing project under federal emergency

administration of public works.

All proceedings, taken prior to July 1, 1937, for the purpose of financing or aiding in the

financing of any work, undertaking, or project by any public body or by any board of flood

irrigation to which any loan or grant is under contract to be made by the United States through

the federal emergency administrator of public works for the purpose of financing such work,

undertaking, or project, including all proceedings for the authorization and issuance of bonds,

and for the sale, execution, and delivery thereof, are validated, ratified, approved, and

confirmed, notwithstanding:

1. Any lack of power, other than constitutional, of such public body, the governing body,

or commission, or officers thereof, or of any board of flood irrigation to authorize and

issue such bonds, or to sell, execute, or deliver the same;

2. Any defects or irregularities, other than constitutional, in such proceedings, including

the fact that notices in connection with the creation of any flood irrigation district or

hearings for the assessment of damages and benefits resulting from flood irrigation

projects may not have been given in accordance with the statutes; and

3. That the members of such governing body may not have been elected, appointed, or

qualified for the office they purported to hold.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-02-22 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-02 / Section 1-02-22
1-02-22. Effect when office abolished
Status: in_force

1-02-22. Effect when office abolished

When any office is abolished by the repeal of any legislative act or provision, and such act

or provision is not in substance re-enacted or continued in the code, such office ceases at the

time the code takes effect.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-04-08 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-04 / Section 1-04-08
1-04-08. Deed to real property by receiver of foreign corporation
Status: in_force

1-04-08. Deed to real property by receiver of foreign corporation

Any deed to real property in this state made by the duly appointed and qualified receiver of

a foreign corporation prior to January 1, 1943, under order of a foreign court having jurisdiction

of such corporation, hereby is declared valid and sufficient. In any such case there shall be

recorded in the office of the recorder where such real property is situated a properly

authenticated copy of the order of appointment of such receiver and the order of the foreign

court having jurisdiction of such foreign corporation authorizing or approving the conveyance.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-03-15 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-03 / Section 1-03-15
1-03-15. Women Veterans' Month
Status: in_force

1-03-15. Women Veterans' Month

March of each year is Women Veterans' Month. Each year the governor shall issue a

proclamation on March first in honor and remembrance of surviving and departed women

veterans who have served honorably and with courage on behalf of the United States of

America since the American Revolutionary War.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-01-10 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-01 / Section 1-01-10
1-01-10. Quorum
Status: in_force

1-01-10. Quorum

Except as otherwise provided, a majority of any board or commission shall constitute a

quorum.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-08-10 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-08 / Section 1-08-10
1-08-10. Acceptance by North Dakota of cession of property by Minnesota
Status: in_force

1-08-10. Acceptance by North Dakota of cession of property by Minnesota

Whereas, due to flood control work upon the Red River of the North, an avulsion has

occurred leaving two parcels of land described as:

Those portions of government lot two in the northeast quarter, section twenty-nine, township

one hundred forty north, range forty-eight west and the northeast quarter, section seven,

township one hundred thirty-nine north, range forty-eight west of the fifth principal meridian,

county of Clay, state of Minnesota, bounded by the thread of the Red River of the North as it

existed prior to January 1, 1959, and the new thread of the Red River of the North as

established by the United States army corps of engineers under Project

CIVENG-21-018-59-22, containing respectively nine and seventy-eight hundredths and

twelve and seventy-six hundredths acres [3.95 and 5.16 hectares] more or less,

detached from the state of Minnesota and attached to the state of North Dakota. The state of

North Dakota, upon passage by the legislature of the state of Minnesota of the necessary

enabling legislation, does hereby accept jurisdiction over the above-described property, which

property shall thereafter be a part of the state of North Dakota and title thereof shall be vested in

the city of Fargo, North Dakota.

Nothing contained in the provisions of this section shall be construed in such manner as to

prejudice the title, right, or claim of any person to any of the lands herein involved. The recorder

of Cass County, North Dakota, shall accept and record, without charge therefor, patents, deeds,

or other evidences of ownership or interest in any lands recorded in Clay County, Minnesota,

which were previously a part of the state of Minnesota but are now within the boundaries of the

state of North Dakota. Recordings made under the provisions of this section have retroactive

effect to the date of their original recording in the state of Minnesota.

The act of the legislature of the state of Minnesota referred to in this section, together with

this section, shall constitute the agreement between the states of Minnesota and North Dakota.

The Congress of the United States, upon passage of such acts by the respective legislatures of

the states of Minnesota and North Dakota, is petitioned, pursuant to article 1, section 10, clause

3 of the Constitution of the United States, to give its consent to this agreement and to amend

the enabling acts of such states accordingly. The secretary of state of North Dakota shall

transmit duly certified copies of this act to the presiding officers of the senate and house of

representatives of the United States and to the several senators and representatives of the

states of Minnesota and North Dakota in the Congress of the United States, who are petitioned

to take such action as they deem proper to procure the consent of the Congress of the United

States to this agreement between the states of Minnesota and North Dakota. This agreement

shall become effective when it has been ratified and approved by the legislatures of the states

of Minnesota and North Dakota and approved by the Congress of the United States.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-04-20 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-04 / Section 1-04-20
1-04-20. Validating transfers in joint tenancy
Status: in_force

1-04-20. Validating transfers in joint tenancy

Any transfer of any legal or equitable title to or interest in any real property in the state of

North Dakota made prior to March 5, 1943, by any person, firm, or corporation to himself,

herself, or such firm or corporation and any other person or persons, firm or firms, corporation or

corporations, including the spouse or spouses of said grantor or grantors, in joint tenancy with

right of survivorship, is declared legal and valid.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-01-51 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-01 / Section 1-01-51
1-01-51. Qualified elector defined
Status: repealed

1-01-51. Qualified elector defined

Repealed by S.L. 2025, ch. 64, § 14.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-08-04.1 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-08 / Section 1-08-04.1
1-08-04.1. State property having historical or artistic significance - Responsibilities of state historical society and council on the arts - Review and advice on property for exhibition
Status: in_force

1-08-04.1. State property having historical or artistic significance - Responsibilities of

state historical society and council on the arts - Review and advice on property for

exhibition.

Except for the board of higher education and state institutions under the jurisdiction of the

board, every state official or entity that, on behalf of the state, holds, acquires, or receives

property having historical or artistic significance shall document and inventory that property on

forms furnished by the state historical society. One copy of the completed form must be retained

in the office of that official or entity and one copy must be filed with the state historical society.

The information filed with the society must include a description of the property, the identity of

the donor if acquired by gift, the date the property was acquired or received, any conditions on

acceptance of the property if given by gift, and appropriate evidence of ownership. The

information must also indicate whether the property is intended for permanent or long-term

exhibition on the capitol grounds or in public areas in the state capitol. With respect to property

intended for permanent or long-term exhibition on the capitol grounds or in public areas in the

state capitol, the state historical society shall notify the state council on the arts. The council on

the arts shall advise the capitol grounds planning commission with respect to permanent or

long-term exhibition of the property on the capitol grounds or in public areas in the capitol.

Before transfer of ownership or other disposal of property documented and inventoried under

this section, that property must be offered to the state historical society for inclusion in its

historical collections.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-01-15 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-01 / Section 1-01-15
1-01-15. Degrees of care and diligence - Definition
Status: in_force

1-01-15. Degrees of care and diligence - Definition

Slight care or diligence means such as a person of ordinary prudence usually exercises

about that person's own affairs of slight importance. Ordinary care or diligence means such as a

person usually exercises about that person's own affairs of ordinary importance. Great care or

diligence means such as a person usually exercises about that person's own affairs of great

importance.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-01-25 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-01 / Section 1-01-25
1-01-25. What deemed constructive notice
Status: in_force

1-01-25. What deemed constructive notice

Every person who has actual notice of circumstances sufficient to put a prudent person

upon inquiry as to a particular fact and who omits to make such inquiry with reasonable

diligence is deemed to have constructive notice of the fact itself.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-02-09.2 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-02 / Section 1-02-09.2
1-02-09.2. Reconciliation of conflicting proposed amendments to the constitution
Status: in_force

1-02-09.2. Reconciliation of conflicting proposed amendments to the constitution

If two or more concurrent resolutions propose to amend or create the same section of the

Constitution of North Dakota, and the proposed sections are reconcilable, the legislative council

shall prepare a reconciled text and submit it to the secretary of state for inclusion in the

appropriate ballot.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-01-18 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-01 / Section 1-01-18
1-01-18. Children - Definition
Status: repealed

1-01-18. Children - Definition

Repealed by S.L. 2025, ch. 64, § 14.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-01-07 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-01 / Section 1-01-07
1-01-07. Classification of civil rights
Status: in_force

1-01-07. Classification of civil rights

All original civil rights are either:

1. Rights of person; or

2. Rights of property.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-01-01.2 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-01 / Section 1-01-01.2
1-01-01.2. Adoption of code not repeal of laws passed in 1944 Special Session
Status: repealed

1-01-01.2. Adoption of code not repeal of laws passed in 1944 Special Session

Repealed by omission from this code.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-01-08 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-01 / Section 1-01-08
1-01-08. Rights of property and person - How waived
Status: in_force

1-01-08. Rights of property and person - How waived

Rights of property and of person may be waived, surrendered, or lost by neglect in the

cases provided by law.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-02-26 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-02 / Section 1-02-26
1-02-26. Effect of revision upon initiated measures
Status: in_force

1-02-26. Effect of revision upon initiated measures

Any provision of this code which was enacted as an initiated measure, or as a part of such a

measure, notwithstanding the revision, shall remain in effect as an initiated provision and is

subject to amendment, re-enactment, or repeal only as provided by section 25 of the

Constitution of North Dakota.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-02-07 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-02 / Section 1-02-07
1-02-07. Particular controls general
Status: in_force

1-02-07. Particular controls general

Whenever a general provision in a statute is in conflict with a special provision in the same

or in another statute, the two must be construed, if possible, so that effect may be given to both

provisions, but if the conflict between the two provisions is irreconcilable the special provision

must prevail and must be construed as an exception to the general provision, unless the general

provision is enacted later and it is the manifest legislative intent that such general provision shall

prevail.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-03-18 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-03 / Section 1-03-18
1-03-18. Juneteenth
Status: in_force

1-03-18. Juneteenth

To commemorate the ending of slavery in the United States, the nineteenth of June of each

year is designated and established as Juneteenth for the state of North Dakota.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-03-09 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-03 / Section 1-03-09
1-03-09. Martin Luther King Day
Status: repealed

1-03-09. Martin Luther King Day

Repealed by S.L. 1991, ch. 55, § 2.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-04-21 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-04 / Section 1-04-21
1-04-21. Validation of acknowledgments heretofore taken
Status: in_force

1-04-21. Validation of acknowledgments heretofore taken

Any and all acknowledgments taken before March 5, 1943, and subsequent to

September 16, 1940, in substantial compliance with the provisions of sections 47-19-17 and

47-19-31 are hereby declared legal and valid for all purposes and to the same extent as

acknowledgments taken subsequent to the effective date of said sections.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-04-18 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-04 / Section 1-04-18
1-04-18. Validating certain mineral deeds
Status: in_force

1-04-18. Validating certain mineral deeds

Any record of a mineral deed actually made in the office of the recorder of any county of this

state prior to March 7, 1941, is declared to be valid and fully operative as constructive notice

though it was not certified for transfer by the county auditor as provided by section 11-13-12,

and though at the time such deed was filed for record and actually recorded there may have

been delinquent taxes or special assessments on the land described in such deed.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-03-12 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-03 / Section 1-03-12
1-03-12. Four Chaplains Sunday
Status: in_force

1-03-12. Four Chaplains Sunday

Each year the governor shall issue a proclamation designating the first Sunday of February

as Four Chaplains Sunday in honor of the four United States army chaplains, George L. Fox,

Alexander D. Goode, Clark V. Poling, and John P. Washington, who sacrificed their own lives to

save the lives of other servicemen on the Dorchester, a United States army troop transport ship

that was sunk off the coast of Greenland on February 3, 1943.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-03-10 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-03 / Section 1-03-10
1-03-10. Workers' Memorial Day
Status: in_force

1-03-10. Workers' Memorial Day

The twenty-eighth day of April of each year is designated as Workers' Memorial Day in

remembrance of American workers who have been killed, injured, or diseased on the job.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-01-11 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-01 / Section 1-01-11
1-01-11. Authority of deputies
Status: in_force

1-01-11. Authority of deputies

Any duty imposed upon a ministerial officer, and any act permitted to be done by that officer,

unless otherwise provided, may be performed by that officer's lawful deputy.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-03-01 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-03 / Section 1-03-01
1-03-01. Holidays
Status: in_force

1-03-01. Holidays

Holidays are as follows:

1. Every Sunday.

2. The first day of January, which is New Year's Day.

3. The third Monday of January, which is Martin Luther King Day, in recognition of the life,

legacy, and dream of Martin Luther King, Jr.

4. The third Monday in February, in recognition of the birthday of George Washington.

5. The Friday next preceding Easter Sunday and commonly known as Good Friday.

6. The last Monday in May, which is Memorial Day.

7. The fourth day of July, which is the anniversary of the Declaration of Independence.

8. The first Monday in September, which is Labor Day.

9. The eleventh day of November, which is Veterans' Day.

10. The fourth Thursday in November, which is Thanksgiving Day.

11. The twenty-fifth day of December, which is Christmas Day.

12. Every day appointed by the President of the United States or by the governor of this

state for a public holiday.

Nothing in this section may be construed to prevent the holding of legislative sessions or the

taking of final action on any legislative matter upon any of such holidays other than Sunday. Any

action heretofore taken upon any legislative matter upon any such holiday is valid and legal for

all purposes.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-02-37 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-02 / Section 1-02-37
1-02-37. Citations
Status: in_force

1-02-37. Citations

All amendments of and additions to the North Dakota Century Code appearing in pocket

part supplements must be cited as sections of the North Dakota Century Code.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-01-03 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-01 / Section 1-01-03
1-01-03. Expression of law
Status: in_force

1-01-03. Expression of law

The will of the sovereign power is expressed by:

1. The Constitution of the United States.

2. Treaties made under the authority of the United States.

3. Statutes enacted by the Congress of the United States.

4. The constitution of the state.

5. The statutes of the state.

6. The ordinances of other and subordinate legislative bodies.

7. The decisions of the tribunals enforcing those rules, which, though not enacted, form

what is known as customary or common law.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-08-06 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-08 / Section 1-08-06
1-08-06. Validation of certain sales
Status: in_force

1-08-06. Validation of certain sales

Any sale of real property made and consummated more than three years prior to March 7,

1931, by any board of county commissioners in any county in this state, under the provisions of

section 11-11-14, hereby is validated and confirmed. No action hereafter may be commenced to

vacate or set aside the same.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-07-06 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-07 / Section 1-07-06
1-07-06. Validating sales of lands for special assessments made prior to March 17, 1937
Status: in_force

1-07-06. Validating sales of lands for special assessments made prior to March 17,

1937.

All sales of real property for delinquent special assessments, or installments thereof, made

prior to March 17, 1937, by any county auditor under section 40-25-09 hereby are declared to

be valid sales notwithstanding the fact that the real property subject to sale for delinquent

general taxes and delinquent special assessments, or installments thereof, were not sold

separately as required by said section and notwithstanding the fact that separate certificates

were not issued for the delinquent general taxes and the delinquent special assessments or

installments thereof.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-04-13 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-04 / Section 1-04-13
1-04-13. Validating deed or mortgage
Status: in_force

1-04-13. Validating deed or mortgage

The record in the office of the recorder, prior to January 1, 1943, of a deed, mortgage, or

assignment of mortgage which has failed to contain the post-office address of the grantee,

mortgagee, or assignee named in such deed, mortgage, or assignment as provided by section

35-03-04, if such deed, mortgage, or assignment otherwise was entitled to record, is hereby

validated and declared to be operative fully as constructive notice.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-01-41 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-01 / Section 1-01-41
1-01-41. Verdict - Definition
Status: repealed

1-01-41. Verdict - Definition

Repealed by S.L. 2025, ch. 64, § 14.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-02-40 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-02 / Section 1-02-40
1-02-40. Statutory references
Status: in_force

1-02-40. Statutory references

A reference to any portion of a statute applies to all re-enactments, revisions, or

amendments thereof.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-07-13 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-07 / Section 1-07-13
1-07-13. Validating refunding special assessment warrants
Status: repealed

1-07-13. Validating refunding special assessment warrants

Repealed by S.L. 1981, ch. 277, § 2.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-01-34 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-01 / Section 1-01-34
1-01-34. Gender - Definition
Status: in_force

1-01-34. Gender - Definition

1. Words of one gender include the other genders.

2. Words used to reference an individual's gender mean the individual's sex.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-01-28 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-01 / Section 1-01-28
1-01-28. Person - Definition
Status: repealed

1-01-28. Person - Definition

Repealed by S.L. 1995, ch. 55, § 30; S.L. 1995, ch. 103, § 80.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-08-04 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-08 / Section 1-08-04
1-08-04. Authorizing state and counties, cities, and other municipalities to accept devises, bequests, legacies, and gifts
Status: in_force

1-08-04. Authorizing state and counties, cities, and other municipalities to accept

devises, bequests, legacies, and gifts.

Devises, legacies, bequests, and gifts may be lawfully made to the state or any county,

township, city, school district, or park district of the state of North Dakota. The title to any

property that is devised, bequeathed, or given to the state, or to any such county, township, city,

school district, or park district, for the use and benefit thereof, vests in the state or such county,

township, city, school district, or park district, to be by it held in trust under the terms and

conditions provided for in the devise, legacy, bequest, or gift. Unless otherwise authorized by

the will or other instrument providing for the devise, legacy, bequest, or gift, no part of the

property, nor of the income therefrom, may be diverted or used for any other purpose. The

officers charged with the management of the fiscal affairs of the state may only accept and

receive a devise, legacy, bequest, or gift that is consistent with the statutory responsibilities of

the specific officer involved. The officers charged with the fiscal management of any county,

township, city, school district, or park district may accept and receive any such devise, legacy,

bequest, or gift. The officer who accepts and receives the devise, legacy, bequest, or gift shall

administer the same for and on behalf of the state, or any such county, township, city, school

district, or park district.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-07-02 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-07 / Section 1-07-02
1-07-02. Validation of bonds issued in financing project under federal emergency administration of public works
Status: in_force

1-07-02. Validation of bonds issued in financing project under federal emergency

administration of public works.

All bonds issued prior to July 1, 1937, for the purpose of financing or aiding in the financing

of any work, undertaking, or project by any public body to which any loan or grant heretofore

has been made by the United States through the federal emergency administrator of public

works for the purpose of financing or aiding in the financing of such work, undertaking, or

project, including all proceedings for the authorization and issuance of such bonds, and the

sale, execution, and delivery thereof, are validated, ratified, approved, and confirmed,

notwithstanding:

1. Any lack of power, other than constitutional, of such public body or the governing body,

commission, or officers thereof, to authorize and issue such bonds, or to sell, execute,

or deliver the same;

2. Any defects or irregularities, other than constitutional, in such proceedings, or in such

sale, execution, or delivery; and

3. That such governing body, commission, or officers may not have been elected,

appointed, or qualified for the offices they purported to hold.

Such bonds are and shall be binding, legal, valid, and enforceable obligations of such public

body.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-03-11 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-03 / Section 1-03-11
1-03-11. Gold Star Mothers' Day
Status: in_force

1-03-11. Gold Star Mothers' Day

Each year the governor shall issue a proclamation designating the last Sunday of

September as Gold Star Mothers' Day in honor of mothers whose sons or daughters served and

died in the line of duty in the armed forces of the United States of America or its allies, or died

as a result of injury sustained in such service.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-02-10 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-02 / Section 1-02-10
1-02-10. Code not retroactive unless so declared
Status: in_force

1-02-10. Code not retroactive unless so declared

No part of this code is retroactive unless it is expressly declared to be so.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-02-20 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-02 / Section 1-02-20
1-02-20. Severability
Status: in_force

1-02-20. Severability

In the event that any clause, sentence, paragraph, chapter, or other part of any title, is

adjudged by any court of competent or final jurisdiction to be invalid, such judgment does not

affect, impair, nor invalidate any other clause, sentence, paragraph, chapter, section, or part of

such title, but is confined in its operation to the clause, sentence, paragraph, section, or part

thereof directly involved in the controversy in which such judgment has been rendered.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-05-01 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-05 / Section 1-05-01
1-05-01. Delayed recording - Sheriff's certificate of sale validates
Status: in_force

1-05-01. Delayed recording - Sheriff's certificate of sale validates

Any sale of real estate made under execution or in foreclosure of a mortgage, prior to

January 1, 1943, hereby is declared to be legal and valid for all purposes though the sheriff's

certificate of sale issued in completion of such sale was not filed for record in the office of the

recorder within sixty days after the date of such sale, but this provision does not apply to nor

affect any action or proceeding pending in any court of this state upon the taking effect of this

code.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-02-27 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-02 / Section 1-02-27
1-02-27. Conflicts adjusted
Status: in_force

1-02-27. Conflicts adjusted

If the provisions of any chapter or title conflict with or contravene the provisions of any other

chapter or title, the provisions of each chapter or title must prevail as to all matters in question

arising thereunder out of the same subject matter.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-01-24 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-01 / Section 1-01-24
1-01-24. Constructive notice - Definition
Status: in_force

1-01-24. Constructive notice - Definition

Constructive notice means notice imputed by the law to a person not having actual notice.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-02-11 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-02 / Section 1-02-11
1-02-11. Source note not part of statute
Status: in_force

1-02-11. Source note not part of statute

No source note may be deemed a declaration by the legislative assembly as to the purpose,

scope, or effect of any section to which such source note or revisor's note relates.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-01-36 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-01 / Section 1-01-36
1-01-36. Compound interest - Definition
Status: repealed

1-01-36. Compound interest - Definition

Repealed by S.L. 2025, ch. 64, § 14.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-03-21 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-03 / Section 1-03-21
1-03-21. Military Appreciation Month
Status: in_force

1-03-21. Military Appreciation Month

May of each year is Military Appreciation Month. Each year the governor shall issue a

proclamation on May first in honor of the men and women of the United States armed forces

who have served and are now serving, and the significant contributions and incredible sacrifices

they have made and continue to make in the defense of this nation and the preservation of our

freedom.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-02-03.1 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-02 / Section 1-02-03.1
1-02-03.1. Person-first language
Status: in_force

1-02-03.1. Person-first language

The provisions of this code, unless the context otherwise requires, must be construed in

person-first language and any new enactments of this code must be written in person-first

language.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-07-04 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-07 / Section 1-07-04
1-07-04. Procedure on public securities of municipalities validated
Status: in_force

1-07-04. Procedure on public securities of municipalities validated

Validations heretofore effected by legislative enactment of defective or irregular procedure

in the creation, execution, or issuance of bonds or any other forms of public securities of any

municipality, and validations of debts, bonds, or other public securities of such municipalities

theretofore contracted or issued without authority previously existing therefor, shall continue

unaffected by the repeal or by the consolidation and revision of any validating act. Any debts,

bonds, or other public securities may be funded or refunded under the provisions of title 21.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-01-05 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-01 / Section 1-01-05
1-01-05. Evidence of common law
Status: in_force

1-01-05. Evidence of common law

The evidence of the common law is found in the decisions of the tribunals.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-05-02 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-05 / Section 1-05-02
1-05-02. Validation of powers of attorney
Status: in_force

1-05-02. Validation of powers of attorney

All sales of real estate made in proceedings for the foreclosure of mortgages prior to

January 1, 1943, hereby are declared legal and valid for all purposes even though:

1. The power of attorney to foreclose was not recorded in the office of the recorder of the

county wherein said real estate is located on or before the date of sale but was

executed before the date of sale and is recorded in the office of the recorder of the

county wherein said real estate is located within six months after the taking effect of

this code; or

2. The power of attorney to foreclose was not executed and delivered to the attorney

named therein prior to the commencement of such foreclosure proceedings but was

executed and recorded in the office of the recorder of the county wherein said real

estate is located prior to the time of said sale.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-01-39 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-01 / Section 1-01-39
1-01-39. When this code governs
Status: in_force

1-01-39. When this code governs

The provisions of this code, so far as they relate to procedure, or alleviate the punishment

to be imposed upon conviction in any case, govern in all criminal actions in any way prosecuted

or tried after the date upon which it takes effect, whether the offense was committed before or

after such date.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-01-02 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-01 / Section 1-01-02
1-01-02. Origin of law
Status: in_force

1-01-02. Origin of law

Law is a rule of property and of conduct prescribed by the sovereign power.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-02-03 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-02 / Section 1-02-03
1-02-03. Language - How construed
Status: in_force

1-02-03. Language - How construed

Words and phrases must be construed according to the context and the rules of grammar

and the approved usage of the language. Technical words and phrases and such others as

have acquired a peculiar and appropriate meaning in law, or as are defined by statute, must be

construed according to such peculiar and appropriate meaning or definition.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-04-19 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-04 / Section 1-04-19
1-04-19. Validation of conveyances made under decree of specific performance
Status: in_force

1-04-19. Validation of conveyances made under decree of specific performance

Every conveyance of real estate made prior to January 1, 1943, by an executor or

administrator of an estate pursuant to a decree of specific performance rendered by any county

court of this state, as provided by section 30-13-12, without the entry of a subsequent order or

judgment approving or confirming such conveyance, is hereby declared valid and of full force

and effect if:

1. Such estate has been closed;

2. The executor or administrator has been discharged; and

3. The conveyance was legal.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-02-32 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-02 / Section 1-02-32
1-02-32. Existing ordinances and regulations to remain in force after code takes effect
Status: repealed

1-02-32. Existing ordinances and regulations to remain in force after code takes

effect.

Every ordinance, bylaw, rule, and regulation adopted by any county, city, civil township,

board, commission, or public officer, and in force when this code takes effect, if not inconsistent

with the provisions of the code, shall remain in force until it is repealed or amended in the

manner prescribed by law.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-08-11 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-08 / Section 1-08-11
1-08-11. Acceptance by North Dakota of cession of property by Minnesota
Status: in_force

1-08-11. Acceptance by North Dakota of cession of property by Minnesota

Whereas, due to the construction of a dam on the Red River of the North for industrial and

municipal water supply purposes, an avulsion has occurred leaving a parcel of land described

as:

That portion of government lot one, section eighteen, township one hundred fifty-nine north,

range fifty west of the fifth principal meridian, county of Kittson, state of Minnesota, bounded

by the thread of the Red River of the North as it existed prior to April, 1964, and the thread

of the new channel and spillway constructed to the east of the old channel said parcel

contains two and eighty-three hundredths acres [1.14 hectares] of land more or less,

detached from the state of Minnesota and attached to the state of North Dakota. The state of

North Dakota, upon passage by the legislature of the state of Minnesota of the necessary

enabling legislation, does hereby accept jurisdiction over the above-described property, which

property shall thereafter be a part of the state of North Dakota and title thereto shall be vested in

the city of Drayton, North Dakota.

Nothing contained in the provisions of this section shall be construed in such manner as to

prejudice the title, right, or claim of any person to any of the lands herein involved. The recorder

of Pembina County, North Dakota, shall accept and record, without charge therefor, patents,

deeds, or other evidences of ownership or interest in any lands recorded in Kittson County,

Minnesota, which were previously a part of the state of Minnesota but are now within the

boundaries of the state of North Dakota. Recordings made under the provisions of this section

have retroactive effect to the date of their original recording in the state of Minnesota.

The act of the legislature of the state of Minnesota referred to in this section, together with

this section, shall constitute the agreement between the states of Minnesota and North Dakota.

The Congress of the United States, upon passage of such acts by the respective legislatures of

the states of Minnesota and North Dakota, is petitioned, pursuant to article 1, section 10, clause

3 of the Constitution of the United States, to give its consent to this agreement and to amend

the enabling acts of such states accordingly. The secretary of state of North Dakota shall

transmit duly certified copies of this act to the presiding officers of the senate and house of

representatives of the United States and to the several senators and representatives of the

states of Minnesota and North Dakota in the Congress of the United States, who are petitioned

to take such action as they deem proper to procure the consent of the Congress of the United

States to this agreement between the states of Minnesota and North Dakota. This agreement

shall become effective when it has been ratified and approved by the legislatures of the states

of Minnesota and North Dakota and approved by the Congress of the United States.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-07-08 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-07 / Section 1-07-08
1-07-08. Validation of acts of municipal officers
Status: in_force

1-07-08. Validation of acts of municipal officers

Where the officers of any incorporated city of this state, prior to July 1, 1929, have

purchased, erected, operated, maintained, enlarged, improved, extended, or leased from any

person, firm, or corporation, or sold or leased to any person, firm, or corporation, any electric

plant, system, or line, or part thereof, such acts of such municipal officers are legalized and

validated.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-03-16 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-03 / Section 1-03-16
1-03-16. Firefighters memorial weekend
Status: in_force

1-03-16. Firefighters memorial weekend

Each year the governor shall issue a proclamation designating the dates of the national

fallen firefighters memorial weekend as the North Dakota fallen firefighters memorial weekend

and require that flags at state buildings be flown at half staff.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-01-01 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-01 / Section 1-01-01
1-01-01. This act - How referred to
Status: in_force

1-01-01. This act - How referred to

This revision, whenever cited, enumerated, referred to, or amended may be designated as

the "North Dakota Century Code". Where the expression "this code" appears therein without

explanatory or descriptive language, it means the "North Dakota Century Code" unless the

context clearly indicates a different meaning.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-04-14 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-04 / Section 1-04-14
1-04-14. Validation of mineral reservations and deeds
Status: in_force

1-04-14. Validation of mineral reservations and deeds

Notwithstanding the provisions of sections 47-10-21 and 47-10-22:

1. All reservations of minerals or mineral deposits other than coal, contained in all deeds

and transfers of real property in this state; and

2. All conveyances and transfers of minerals or mineral deposits other than coal,

separate from the surface rights, by mineral deed or otherwise, executed prior to

January 1, 1943, hereby are declared legal and valid for all purposes. No action to

contest the validity or legality of such reservations or conveyances or transfers by

reason of any of the said provisions may be brought in the courts of this state unless

commenced within ninety days after the taking effect of this code.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-08-03 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-08 / Section 1-08-03
1-08-03. Validating devises, bequests, legacies, and gifts to state institutions
Status: in_force

1-08-03. Validating devises, bequests, legacies, and gifts to state institutions

All devises, bequests, legacies, and gifts made, executed, and delivered, prior to January 1,

1943, to any state educational, charitable, or penal institution, whether vested or not, and

whether executed or executory, accrued or to accrue, and all provisions in any will making any

such devise, bequest, legacy, or gift, are hereby declared to be legal and valid for all purposes,

and subject to the provisions of this code.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-04-22 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-04 / Section 1-04-22
1-04-22. Validating deed or mortgage
Status: in_force

1-04-22. Validating deed or mortgage

The record in the office of the recorder, prior to January 1, 1955, of a deed, mortgage, or

assignment of mortgage which has failed to contain the post-office address of the grantee,

mortgagee, or assignee named in such deed, mortgage, or assignment as provided by section

35-03-04, if such deed, mortgage, or assignment otherwise was entitled to record, is hereby

validated and declared to be operative fully as constructive notice.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-02-38 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-02 / Section 1-02-38
1-02-38. Intentions in the enactment of statutes
Status: in_force

1-02-38. Intentions in the enactment of statutes

In enacting a statute, it is presumed that:

1. Compliance with the constitutions of the state and of the United States is intended.

2. The entire statute is intended to be effective.

3. A just and reasonable result is intended.

4. A result feasible of execution is intended.

5. Public interest is favored over any private interest.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-04-04 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-04 / Section 1-04-04
1-04-04. Good faith presumed
Status: in_force

1-04-04. Good faith presumed

Good faith is presumed on the part of each person and officer in the execution,

acknowledgment, filing, and recording of such instruments as are mentioned in section 1-04-01,

and it is presumed prima facie that each officer acted therein within the scope of that officer's

authority.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-02-33.1 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-02 / Section 1-02-33.1
1-02-33.1. Section 1-02-33 not applicable to laws enacted in 1943 session
Status: repealed

1-02-33.1. Section 1-02-33 not applicable to laws enacted in 1943 session

Repealed by omission from this code.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-02-08 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-02 / Section 1-02-08
1-02-08. Conflicting provisions found in the same statute
Status: in_force

1-02-08. Conflicting provisions found in the same statute

Except as otherwise provided in section 1-02-07, whenever, in the same statute, several

clauses are irreconcilable, the clause last in order of date or position shall prevail.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-01-26 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-01 / Section 1-01-26
1-01-26. False notice cannot become valid
Status: in_force

1-01-26. False notice cannot become valid

A notice which is false when given is not made valid by the subsequent happening of the

event.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-01-17 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-01 / Section 1-01-17
1-01-17. Degrees of negligence - Definition
Status: in_force

1-01-17. Degrees of negligence - Definition

Slight negligence shall consist in the want of great care and diligence, ordinary negligence,

in the want of ordinary care and diligence, and gross negligence, in the want of slight care and

diligence.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-03-22 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-03 / Section 1-03-22
1-03-22. Prisoner of War and Missing in Action Day
Status: in_force

1-03-22. Prisoner of War and Missing in Action Day

The third Friday in September of each year is Prisoner of War and Missing in Action Day. To

remember and honor the sacrifices of those who were held captive and returned, as well as

those who remain missing, the governor shall issue a proclamation each year designating the

third Friday in September as Prisoner of War and Missing in Action Day, a state holiday. This

section may not be interpreted to make Prisoner of War and Missing in Action Day a day on

which schools and other entities are required to close.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-01-44 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-01 / Section 1-01-44
1-01-44. Successive weeks construed
Status: in_force

1-01-44. Successive weeks construed

Whenever in any act or statute of the state of North Dakota providing for the publication of a

notice the phrase "successive weeks" is used, the word weeks must be construed to mean

calendar weeks, and the publication upon any day in a week is sufficient publication for that

week if at least five days intervene between such publication and the publications immediately

preceding and immediately following. All publications heretofore or hereafter made in

accordance with the provisions of this section are deemed legal and valid.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-08-02 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-08 / Section 1-08-02
1-08-02. Authority for devises, bequests, legacies, and gifts to state institutions
Status: in_force

1-08-02. Authority for devises, bequests, legacies, and gifts to state institutions

Devises, legacies, bequests, and gifts may be made lawfully to any state educational,

charitable, or penal institution, and the title to any property, real, personal, or mixed which shall

be devised, bequeathed, or given to any such institution, or to the state of North Dakota for the

use and benefit thereof, shall vest in the state of North Dakota, to be held by it in trust for the

benefit and use of the institution to which or for whose benefit such devise, legacy, bequest, or

gift is made. Unless otherwise authorized by the will or other instrument providing for such

devise, bequest, legacy, or gift, no part of said property, nor the income therefrom, may be

diverted or used for any other purpose.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-03-04 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-03 / Section 1-03-04
1-03-04. Business days
Status: in_force

1-03-04. Business days

All days other than those mentioned in sections 1-03-01, 1-03-02, and 1-03-02.1 are to be

deemed business days for all purposes. However, any bank may remain closed on any one

business day of each week, as it may from time to time elect. Any day upon which a bank is so

closed shall be, with respect to such bank, a holiday and not a business day. Any act

authorized, required, or permitted to be performed at or by or with respect to such bank on such

day, may be performed on the next succeeding business day, and no liability or loss of rights

shall result from such delay.

Notice of intention on the part of any bank to remain closed on a business day of the week

shall be posted in a conspicuous place in the lobby of the bank at least ten days prior to the

establishment of such practice and similar notice shall be given when a bank elects to change

the day of the week on which it remains closed. Any state bank establishing the practice, as

hereinbefore provided, of closing one day a week shall give ten days' notice in writing to the

commissioner of financial institutions, in addition to posting the notice in the lobby. However, any

bank may elect to remain closed on a business day of the week without any prior notice in the

event of the following emergencies: any act of God, death of an officer, or a robbery.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-04-17 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-04 / Section 1-04-17
1-04-17. Validation of oil and gas leases adopted by governing body of township, city, school district, or park district
Status: in_force

1-04-17. Validation of oil and gas leases adopted by governing body of township, city,

school district, or park district.

All oil and gas leases executed prior to July 1, 1941, by the governing body of a township,

city, school district, or park district, covering lands under its control, are declared to be valid.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-02-28 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-02 / Section 1-02-28
1-02-28. Benefit of provisions of law may be waived
Status: in_force

1-02-28. Benefit of provisions of law may be waived

Except when it is declared otherwise, the provisions of this code in respect to the rights and

obligations of parties to contracts are subordinate to the intention of the parties, when

ascertained in the manner prescribed by the chapter on the interpretation of contracts. The

benefit thereof may be waived by any party entitled thereto, unless such waiver would be

against public policy.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-01-47 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-01 / Section 1-01-47
1-01-47. Population - Definition
Status: repealed

1-01-47. Population - Definition

Repealed by S.L. 2025, ch. 64, § 14.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-02-04 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-02 / Section 1-02-04
1-02-04. Conflict in expression of numbers
Status: in_force

1-02-04. Conflict in expression of numbers

Whenever there is a conflict between a number expressed in a statute both by figures and

written words, the latter shall prevail unless such words obviously are contrary to the legislative

intent.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-01-22 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-01 / Section 1-01-22
1-01-22. Notice - Classification
Status: in_force

1-01-22. Notice - Classification

Notice shall be either actual or constructive.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-02-09.1 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-02 / Section 1-02-09.1
1-02-09.1. Multiple amendments to the same provision, one without reference to the other
Status: in_force

1-02-09.1. Multiple amendments to the same provision, one without reference to the

other.

If amendments to the same statute are enacted at the same or different sessions of the

legislative assembly, one amendment without reference to another, the amendments are to be

harmonized, if possible, so that effect may be given to each. If the amendments are

irreconcilable, the latest in date of enactment prevails.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-07-12 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-07 / Section 1-07-12
1-07-12. Validation of tax levies for payment of poor relief warrants
Status: repealed

1-07-12. Validation of tax levies for payment of poor relief warrants

Repealed by S.L. 1981, ch. 277, § 2.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-01-30 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-01 / Section 1-01-30
1-01-30. Third persons - Definition
Status: repealed

1-01-30. Third persons - Definition

Repealed by S.L. 2025, ch. 64, § 14.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-03-20 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-03 / Section 1-03-20
1-03-20. Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder Awareness Day
Status: in_force

1-03-20. Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder Awareness Day

To celebrate the life of all affected by fetal alcohol spectrum disorder, reaffirm the dignity

and value of every human being, and to create awareness of the number of people affected by

the disorder, the ninth day of September of each year is designated and established as Fetal

Alcohol Spectrum Disorder Awareness Day for the state of North Dakota.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-06-04 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-06 / Section 1-06-04
1-06-04. Validating organization and acts of irrigation districts
Status: in_force

1-06-04. Validating organization and acts of irrigation districts

The organization of any irrigation district prior to the passage, approval, and taking effect of

this code in substantial compliance with the provisions of the statutes of this state authorizing

the organization of irrigation districts is hereby declared to be a valid and legal district, and all

acts and proceedings of such district, and of the board of directors thereof, done and performed

in substantial compliance with such statutes, are hereby declared legal and valid.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-02-33 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-02 / Section 1-02-33
1-02-33. Statutes which shall be deemed subsequent to code
Status: in_force

1-02-33. Statutes which shall be deemed subsequent to code

Any statute other than this code, whether enacted at the 1961 session of the legislative

assembly or thereafter, is deemed to have been enacted subsequently to the enactment of this

code. If any such statute repeals, amends, or is inconsistent with any provision of this code, the

provisions of such statute shall prevail.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-01-35.1 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-01 / Section 1-01-35.1
1-01-35.1. Tense
Status: in_force

1-01-35.1. Tense

Words in the present tense include the future.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-06-02 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-06 / Section 1-06-02
1-06-02. Validation of acts of board of county commissioners and state highway commission
Status: in_force

1-06-02. Validation of acts of board of county commissioners and state highway

commission.

All acts or proceedings irregularly done or had, by any board of county commissioners and

the state highway commission, prior to February 13, 1929, for the acquisition of any land to

constitute part of any state highway, or for any state highway purpose, whether acquired by

purchase or condemnation, either voluntarily by such board of county commissioners, or upon

motion, request, or petition of the state highway commission, and the issuance of any warrant

by any county auditor, and the payment thereof by any county treasurer, pursuant to such acts

and proceedings, are hereby confirmed, ratified, and declared legal the same as if such acts

and proceedings had been done according to law.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-03-23 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-03 / Section 1-03-23
1-03-23. North Dakota Constitution Day
Status: in_force

1-03-23. North Dakota Constitution Day

To commemorate the adoption of the Constitution of North Dakota on August 17, 1889, by

constitutional convention, and the ratification by vote on October 1, 1889, by the people of the

territory that would become North Dakota, and to encourage state citizens to seek greater

knowledge and understanding of the Constitution of North Dakota, the first of October of each

year is designated and established as North Dakota Constitution Day.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-01-27 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-01 / Section 1-01-27
1-01-27. Paper - Definition
Status: repealed

1-01-27. Paper - Definition

Repealed by S.L. 2025, ch. 64, § 14.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-01-33 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-01 / Section 1-01-33
1-01-33. Year - Month - Week - Definition - Fraction of day disregarded
Status: in_force

1-01-33. Year - Month - Week - Definition - Fraction of day disregarded

The word "week" means seven consecutive days and the word "month" a calendar month.

The word "year" means twelve consecutive months. Fractions of a year are to be computed by

the number of months; thus, half a year is six months. Fractions of a day are to be disregarded

in computations which include more than one day and involve no questions of priority.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-01-06 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-01 / Section 1-01-06
1-01-06. Code excludes common law
Status: in_force

1-01-06. Code excludes common law

In this state there is no common law in any case in which the law is declared by the code.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-03-14 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-03 / Section 1-03-14
1-03-14. Vietnam Veterans' Day
Status: in_force

1-03-14. Vietnam Veterans' Day

March twenty-ninth of each year is Vietnam Veterans' Day. Each year the governor shall

issue a proclamation on March twenty-ninth in honor and remembrance of surviving and

departed Vietnam veterans, including the one hundred ninety-eight individuals from North

Dakota whose names are listed on the Vietnam Veterans Memorial wall in Washington, District

of Columbia, and those veterans who are or were missing in action or prisoners of war.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-01-40 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-01 / Section 1-01-40
1-01-40. Coal - Definition
Status: repealed

1-01-40. Coal - Definition

Repealed by S.L. 2025, ch. 64, § 14.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-01-31 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-01 / Section 1-01-31
1-01-31. Usage - Definition
Status: in_force

1-01-31. Usage - Definition

Usage is a reasonable and lawful public custom concerning transactions of the same nature

as those which are to be affected thereby, existing at the place where the obligation is to be

performed, and either known to the parties or so well established, general, and uniform that they

must be presumed to have acted with reference thereto.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-01-13 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-01 / Section 1-01-13
1-01-13. Numerals
Status: in_force

1-01-13. Numerals

The Roman numerals and the Arabic numerals are deemed parts of the English language.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-02-30 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-02 / Section 1-02-30
1-02-30. Vested rights protected
Status: in_force

1-02-30. Vested rights protected

No provision contained in this code may be so construed as to impair any vested right or

valid obligation existing when it takes effect.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-03-17 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-03 / Section 1-03-17
1-03-17. Patriots' Day
Status: in_force

1-03-17. Patriots' Day

The third Monday in April of each year is Patriots' Day. To commemorate the start of the

American Revolutionary War and the battles of Lexington and Concord, the governor shall issue

a proclamation each year designating the third Monday in April as Patriots' Day. This section

may not be interpreted to make Patriots' Day a day on which schools and other entities are

required to close.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-03-01.1 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-03 / Section 1-03-01.1
1-03-01.1. Closing of state offices - Christmas Eve
Status: in_force

1-03-01.1. Closing of state offices - Christmas Eve

State offices must be closed at twelve noon on December twenty-fourth, Christmas Eve day,

unless it is a weekend or holiday pursuant to section 1-03-02.1.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-03-07 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-03 / Section 1-03-07
1-03-07. Arbor Day
Status: in_force

1-03-07. Arbor Day

In order to promote and encourage the planting of trees in this state, the first Friday in May

of each year is hereby designated and established as "Arbor Day" for the state of North Dakota.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-02-19 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-02 / Section 1-02-19
1-02-19. Effect upon former laws - Repeals
Status: repealed

1-02-19. Effect upon former laws - Repeals

No statute, law, or rule is continued in force because it is consistent with the provisions of

this code on the same subject, but in all cases provided for by this code all statutes, laws, and

rules heretofore in force in the state, whether consistent or not with the provisions of this code,

unless expressly continued in force by it, are all repealed and abrogated. This repeal or

abrogation does not revive any former law heretofore repealed, nor does it affect any right

already existing or accrued or any action or proceeding already taken, except as in this code

provided, nor does it affect any private or local statute not expressly repealed, nor any

outstanding appropriation.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-07-05 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-07 / Section 1-07-05
1-07-05. Validation of elections on bond issues for municipal sewer and water systems
Status: in_force

1-07-05. Validation of elections on bond issues for municipal sewer and water

systems.

All elections held prior to February 1, 1939, for the purpose of voting on the issuance of

bonds for the joint construction of a water and sewer system are declared legal and valid

notwithstanding the combination of such purposes in the question submitted to the voters.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-01-32 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-01 / Section 1-01-32
1-01-32. Usual and customary - Definition
Status: in_force

1-01-32. Usual and customary - Definition

The words "usual" and "customary" mean "according to usage".
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-01-19 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-01 / Section 1-01-19
1-01-19. Debtor and creditor - Definition
Status: in_force

1-01-19. Debtor and creditor - Definition

Except as otherwise defined and used in title 13, everyone who owes to another the

performance of an obligation must be called a debtor and the one to whom that person owes it

must be called a creditor.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-01-29 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-01 / Section 1-01-29
1-01-29. Several - Definition
Status: repealed

1-01-29. Several - Definition

Repealed by S.L. 2025, ch. 64, § 14.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-03-06 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-03 / Section 1-03-06
1-03-06. Mothers' Day
Status: in_force

1-03-06. Mothers' Day

The governor each year shall designate the second Sunday in May as Mothers' Day. The

governor shall issue a proclamation requesting the people of the state to assemble on that

Sunday in their churches, or at such other place or places as may be most convenient and

proper, for the purpose of paying respect and tribute to our mothers.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-01-37 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-01 / Section 1-01-37
1-01-37. Written and printed - Definition
Status: in_force

1-01-37. Written and printed - Definition

The words "writing" and "written" include "typewriting" and "typewritten", and "printing" and

"printed", except in the case of signatures and when the words are used by way of contrast to

typewriting and printing. Writing may be made in any manner, except that when a person

entitled to require the execution of writing demands that it be made with ink, it must be so made.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-02-14 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-02 / Section 1-02-14
1-02-14. Majority power
Status: in_force

1-02-14. Majority power

Words giving a joint authority to three or more public officers or other persons must be

construed as giving such authority to a majority of them, unless it appears otherwise in the act

giving the authority.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-05-07 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-05 / Section 1-05-07
1-05-07. Validation of foreclosure sale without notice of intention
Status: in_force

1-05-07. Validation of foreclosure sale without notice of intention

Any sale of real estate heretofore or hereafter made upon the foreclosure of a mortgage

executed prior to July 1, 1919, is declared legal and valid for all purposes though no notice of

intention to foreclose has been given or served as required by section 32-19-20.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-02-06 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-02 / Section 1-02-06
1-02-06. Clerical and typographical errors
Status: in_force

1-02-06. Clerical and typographical errors

Clerical and typographical errors shall be disregarded when the meaning of the legislative

assembly is clear.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-02-05 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-02 / Section 1-02-05
1-02-05. Construction of unambiguous statute
Status: in_force

1-02-05. Construction of unambiguous statute

When the wording of a statute is clear and free of all ambiguity, the letter of it is not to be

disregarded under the pretext of pursuing its spirit.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-01-23 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-01 / Section 1-01-23
1-01-23. Actual notice - Definition
Status: in_force

1-01-23. Actual notice - Definition

Actual notice shall consist in express information of a fact.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-08-01 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-08 / Section 1-08-01
1-08-01. Validating legal publications
Status: in_force

1-08-01. Validating legal publications

Any publication of any nature, required by law to be made in an official or legal newspaper

and made prior to January 1, 1943, in any newspaper published in the state of North Dakota, is

declared valid and of the same force and effect as though made in full compliance with the then

existing statutes.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-01-35 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-01 / Section 1-01-35
1-01-35. Singular - Definition
Status: in_force

1-01-35. Singular - Definition

Words used in the singular number include the plural and words used in the plural number

include the singular, except when a contrary intention plainly appears.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-01-43 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-01 / Section 1-01-43
1-01-43. State on Mountain Time until return of United States to Standard Time
Status: repealed

1-01-43. State on Mountain Time until return of United States to Standard Time

Repealed by omission from this code.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-04-16 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-04 / Section 1-04-16
1-04-16. Validation of oil and gas leases made by executor, administrator, or guardian prior to March 7, 1941
Status: in_force

1-04-16. Validation of oil and gas leases made by executor, administrator, or guardian

prior to March 7, 1941.

A lease made for any of the purposes mentioned in section 30-13-05 and which has been

executed and delivered under the authority of an order of a county court having jurisdiction, or

which was approved by such court prior to March 7, 1941, is declared legal and valid.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-04-12 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-04 / Section 1-04-12
1-04-12. Separate deeds of husband and wife to same property legalized
Status: in_force

1-04-12. Separate deeds of husband and wife to same property legalized

In any case where a married man or woman, prior to January 1, 1943, conveyed real

property which may have been the homestead of the husband, or the wife, or the family, by a

deed duly signed and acknowledged by the husband or wife only, but not signed by the other,

and the husband or wife who did not join the other in executing a deed, either before or after, by

a deed duly signed and acknowledged, conveys the same real estate to the same grantee or a

subsequent grantee, the conveyance by such separate deed is declared to be valid and

effectual to pass the title to such grantee or subsequent grantee the same as if the conveyance

had been made by a single instrument duly executed and acknowledged by both husband and

wife.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-07-11 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-07 / Section 1-07-11
1-07-11. Limitations on validation of poor relief warrants and levies
Status: repealed

1-07-11. Limitations on validation of poor relief warrants and levies

Repealed by S.L. 1981, ch. 277, § 2.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-04-11 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-04 / Section 1-04-11
1-04-11. Issuance of sheriff's deed pursuant to decree of court
Status: in_force

1-04-11. Issuance of sheriff's deed pursuant to decree of court

If a sheriff's certificate of sale of any real property in this state, made in favor or in the name

of a deceased person, or of the estate of a deceased person, or the executor or administrator

thereof, prior to January 1, 1943, on which a sheriff's deed has not been issued, it is lawful and

proper in case of the issuance of a sheriff's deed upon such certificate, to issue the same to the

domestic or foreign executor or administrator of said estate, as the case may be, or if a final

decree of distribution has been issued by any domestic or foreign court having jurisdiction and

control of a mortgage under and through which a sheriff's certificate was obtained assigning or

transferring such sheriff's certificate to any person, it is lawful and proper to issue a sheriff's

deed to the person to whom such certificate has been assigned or transferred, upon the

recording of an authenticated copy of such decree in the office of the recorder of the county in

which such property is located. The fact that any such deed, judgment, decree, or other transfer

has been issued, is in itself presumptive evidence of good faith.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-02-06.1 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-02 / Section 1-02-06.1
1-02-06.1. Journal entry rule - Presumption of validity of legislation
Status: in_force

1-02-06.1. Journal entry rule - Presumption of validity of legislation

A bill or resolution passed by the senate and the house of representatives of the legislative

assembly as evidenced by the journals of the senate and house is presumed to be the bill or

resolution that is signed by the presiding officers of the senate and house, presented to the

governor, and filed with the secretary of state. If there is a difference between versions of a bill,

the legislative council shall direct the publisher of the code to publish the law according to this

section. The law as published must be presumed valid until determined otherwise by an

appropriate court.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-04-02 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-04 / Section 1-04-02
1-04-02. Acts of executors, administrators, deputies, officers, or attorneys in fact legalized
Status: in_force

1-04-02. Acts of executors, administrators, deputies, officers, or attorneys in fact

legalized.

The acts of each properly appointed and constituted executor, administrator, guardian,

officer of a corporation, manager of a limited liability company, deputy public officer, and

attorney in fact, done in good faith, in the execution and acknowledgment of any instrument

mentioned in section 1-04-01, hereby are declared to be valid for all purposes, notwithstanding

the fact that such executor, administrator, guardian, officer of a corporation, manager of a limited

liability company, deputy public officer, or attorney in fact may not have signed the same in the

form required by the law in force at the time of execution, or that the same was not sealed or

stamped as required by laws in force at such time, or that the certificate of acknowledgment

thereon may not be in the form required by law at the time of making the same.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-01-12 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-01 / Section 1-01-12
1-01-12. Variation from prescribed form
Status: in_force

1-01-12. Variation from prescribed form

If a form is prescribed, deviations therefrom not affecting the substance or calculated to

mislead does not vitiate the form used.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-07-01 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-07 / Section 1-07-01
1-07-01. Definitions
Status: in_force

1-07-01. Definitions

In this chapter, unless the context or subject matter otherwise requires:

1. "Bonds" include bonds, notes, warrants, debentures, certificates of indebtedness,

temporary bonds, temporary notes, interim receipts, interim certificates, and all

instruments or obligations evidencing or representing indebtedness or evidencing or

representing the borrowing of money, or evidencing or representing a charge, lien, or

encumbrance on specific revenues, income of property of a public body, and all

instruments or obligations payable from a special fund.

2. "Public body" means the state of North Dakota, any county, city, township, and any

school district of any class.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-02-02 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-02 / Section 1-02-02
1-02-02. Words to be understood in their ordinary sense
Status: in_force

1-02-02. Words to be understood in their ordinary sense

Words used in any statute are to be understood in their ordinary sense, unless a contrary

intention plainly appears, but any words explained in this code are to be understood as thus

explained.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-07-09 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-07 / Section 1-07-09
1-07-09. Validation of bonds and warrants of municipality for electric plant
Status: repealed

1-07-09. Validation of bonds and warrants of municipality for electric plant

Repealed by S.L. 1981, ch. 277, § 2.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-02-42 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-02 / Section 1-02-42
1-02-42. Effective dates of legislation - Rules of construction
Status: in_force

1-02-42. Effective dates of legislation - Rules of construction

In determining the effective date of any law enacted by the legislative assembly, a

"measure" includes the entire contents of a legislative act, unless the legislative assembly

specifically provides within the act that only a portion of the act is an emergency, appropriation,

or tax measure. Unless a different date is specified in a measure, the measure takes effect on

July first after its filing with the secretary of state if:

1. Any portion of the measure provides an appropriation for support and maintenance of

state departments and institutions; or

2. Any portion of the measure:

a. (1) Provides for an enforced contribution for public purposes which is not

dependent upon the will or consent of the person taxed;

(2) Imposes a fee for any purpose; or

(3) Authorizes a public official or entity to determine the level of a fee for any

purpose; and

b. Changes any statutory factor that determines the amount of a taxpayer's liability

for the contribution or fee, including a full or partial exemption or credit.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-02-25 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-02 / Section 1-02-25
1-02-25. Continuations of existing statutes
Status: in_force

1-02-25. Continuations of existing statutes

For purposes of historical reference and as an aid to interpretation, the provisions of this

code, so far as they are substantially the same as previously existing statutes, must be

construed as continuations thereof, and not as new enactments except that a revised version of

such statutes contained in this code supersedes all previous statutes.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-04-07 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-04 / Section 1-04-07
1-04-07. Assignment of mortgage by foreign executor, administrator, or guardian
Status: in_force

1-04-07. Assignment of mortgage by foreign executor, administrator, or guardian

Any assignment of a mortgage upon property within this state heretofore made by any

executor or administrator appointed in any other state or foreign country on the estate of any

person where no executor or administrator had been appointed in this state, if such executor or

administrator has filed in the office of the recorder of any county in which any such mortgage

was filed or recorded an authenticated copy of the person's appointment, and any assignment

of a mortgage upon property within this state heretofore made by any heir or legatee of such

deceased person, if such heir or legatee has recorded in the office of the recorder an

authenticated copy of the judgment or decree of the foreign court transferring to such heir or

legatee the ownership of such mortgage, and any assignment of a mortgage upon property

within this state heretofore made by any guardian appointed in any other state or foreign

country, of a minor, spendthrift, or an individual who is incompetent, holding and owning a

mortgage upon property in this state, if such guardian has filed in the office of the recorder of

the county in which the property is situated an authenticated copy of the person's appointment

as guardian, and an authenticated copy of the judgment or decree of the foreign court, if any,

transferring to the guardian's ward the ownership of such mortgage, if such assignment was

made prior to the date of the taking effect of this code, hereby is declared to be legal and valid

for all purposes, and of the same force and effect as though such executor, administrator,

guardian, heir, or legatee had been authorized specifically by law to make such assignment.

The provisions of this section apply to all mortgages, judgments, or other liens upon real or

personal property, and to the foreclosure of any such mortgage or lien on real or personal

property.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-05-03 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-05 / Section 1-05-03
1-05-03. Validation of foreclosure - Assignment unrecorded
Status: in_force

1-05-03. Validation of foreclosure - Assignment unrecorded

Any sale of real estate under a judgment of foreclosure entered prior to the passage and

taking effect of this code hereby is declared legal and valid for all purposes, though any

assignment of the mortgage foreclosed was not recorded prior to the institution of the action to

foreclose, if such assignment was executed and recorded before the entry of such judgment.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-05-06 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-05 / Section 1-05-06
1-05-06. Action to set aside mortgage foreclosure - Time limitation
Status: in_force

1-05-06. Action to set aside mortgage foreclosure - Time limitation

After January 1, 1944, all proceedings for and preliminary to the foreclosure of a real estate

mortgage if sale was had prior to January 1, 1943, are deemed valid and sufficient

notwithstanding the defects enumerated in section 1-05-05.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-04-09 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-04 / Section 1-04-09
1-04-09. Curing defects in title to real property
Status: in_force

1-04-09. Curing defects in title to real property

Any corporation organized otherwise than under the laws of this state, having acquired, or

attempted to acquire, or to convey legal title by deed or lease to any real property in this state,

before complying with the provisions of North Dakota law governing foreign corporations, which

prior to July 1, 1959, has complied with those laws is relieved from any disability or prohibition

relating to the acquisition and holding of the property so acquired, or attempted to be acquired,

and the title so acquired, or attempted to be acquired, hereby is confirmed.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-03-08 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-03 / Section 1-03-08
1-03-08. Bird Day
Status: in_force

1-03-08. Bird Day

To promote and encourage the conservation and enjoyment of one of nature's most

attractive features, and to honor the birth and work of naturalist John James Audubon who

made America's birds known to the world through his drawings and vivid prose, April

twenty-sixth of each year is hereby designated as "Bird Day" in the state of North Dakota.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-02-18 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-02 / Section 1-02-18
1-02-18. Pending actions or proceedings not affected by code
Status: in_force

1-02-18. Pending actions or proceedings not affected by code

No action or proceeding commenced before this code takes effect, and no right accrued, is

affected by its provisions, but the proceedings therein must conform to the requirements of this

code as far as applicable.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-02-31 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-02 / Section 1-02-31
1-02-31. Existing boundaries to remain after code takes effect
Status: in_force

1-02-31. Existing boundaries to remain after code takes effect

The boundaries of every county, city, school district, and other local subdivision, shall

remain the same as they were established prior to the taking effect of this code until they are

changed in the manner provided in such code.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-06-01 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-06 / Section 1-06-01
1-06-01. Validating certain city elections
Status: in_force

1-06-01. Validating certain city elections

All acts done prior to March 9, 1937, in connection with the calling, giving notice, holding, or

in anywise appertaining to a special election held in any city on the question of erecting,

operating, and maintaining an electric light and power plant, site, buildings, and equipment

thereof, for the purpose of furnishing electric energy for heat, light, and power for such city and

its inhabitants and industries, and to pay for the cost thereof from the earnings thereof, if a

majority of the voters voting at such election voted in favor of erecting, operating, and

maintaining such a system, hereby are validated notwithstanding any defects, errors, or

omissions in any of the acts done. Any such city hereby is authorized to erect, operate, and

maintain an electric light and power plant, site, buildings, distribution system, and equipment

thereof for the purpose of furnishing electric energy for heat, light, and power for the inhabitants

and industries of such city.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-08-09 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-08 / Section 1-08-09
1-08-09. Service of civil process within boundary of an open polling place
Status: in_force

1-08-09. Service of civil process within boundary of an open polling place

During any primary, general, or special election held in this state, or in any district, county,

city, or precinct, civil process may not be served on any person entitled to vote at the election

within one hundred feet [30.48 meters] from the outermost entrance leading into the building or

facility in which a polling place is located and open for voting.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-03-02 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-03 / Section 1-03-02
1-03-02. When day following holiday shall be a holiday
Status: in_force

1-03-02. When day following holiday shall be a holiday

If the first day of January, the fourth day of July, the eleventh day of November, or the

twenty-fifth day of December falls upon a Sunday, the Monday following shall be the holiday.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-04-03 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-04 / Section 1-04-03
1-04-03. Acts of notary public and other officers legalized
Status: in_force

1-04-03. Acts of notary public and other officers legalized

The acts of every notary public, county justice, or other officer, done in good faith in taking

or certifying to the acknowledgment of any instrument mentioned in section 1-04-01, whether

within or without the state, and whether such officer was qualified by law at the time to do so or

not, hereby are declared legal and valid for all purposes.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-01-50 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-01 / Section 1-01-50
1-01-50. Filing or presentation of petitions - Time limit
Status: in_force

1-01-50. Filing or presentation of petitions - Time limit

Whenever in this code provision is made for the filing or presentation of a petition with or to

any officer or governing body or board of the state or any agency, instrumentality, or political

subdivision thereof as a prerequisite to the calling of an election, or the performance or

prohibition of any act, such petition must be filed with or presented to such officer or governing

body or board not later than one year from the date such petition is first placed in circulation, or

the date the first signature is affixed thereto, whichever date is the latest. If a petition is required

by law to be filed or presented on or before a specific or certain date, the petition shall be filed

or presented, and physically be in the possession of the person or office designated to receive

such petition before four p.m. on such date. The provisions of this section shall not apply in any

case in which the law governing a particular petition specifies a shorter or a longer period of

time or a different time of day.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-02-01 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-02 / Section 1-02-01
1-02-01. Rule of construction of code
Status: in_force

1-02-01. Rule of construction of code

The rule of the common law that statutes in derogation thereof are to be construed strictly

has no application to this code. The code establishes the law of this state respecting the

subjects to which it relates, and its provisions and all proceedings under it are to be construed

liberally, with a view to effecting its objects and to promoting justice.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-04-15 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-04 / Section 1-04-15
1-04-15. Validation of oil and gas leases adopted by board of county commissioners prior to July 1, 1941
Status: in_force

1-04-15. Validation of oil and gas leases adopted by board of county commissioners

prior to July 1, 1941.

All confirmations, approvals, and adoptions of oil and gas leases made by any board of

county commissioners prior to July 1, 1941, and which comply substantially with the terms and

conditions of chapter 38-09, are declared valid.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-04-05 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-04 / Section 1-04-05
1-04-05. Prior instruments legalized
Status: in_force

1-04-05. Prior instruments legalized

Any instrument affecting a lien upon, title to, or interest in, real estate executed and

acknowledged in good faith by the treasurer or cashier in behalf of any loan, trust, or banking

corporation, or by the regional treasurer of any United States corporation, prior to July 1, 1937,

is declared valid and effectual to the same extent as it would have been had sections 6-08-21,

10-07-01, and 10-07-02 been in force at the time of its execution.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-04-01 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-04 / Section 1-04-01
1-04-01. Execution, acknowledgment, filing, and recording legalized
Status: in_force

1-04-01. Execution, acknowledgment, filing, and recording legalized

The execution, acknowledgment, filing, and recording of all deeds, leases, mortgages,

assignments, satisfactions, and other written instruments affecting the title to real property in

this state, in good faith made, taken, or certified, and which have been filed or recorded in the

proper counties of this state for a period of five years or more, are declared to be legal and valid

for all purposes, anything in the laws of this state, or of any other state, territory, or country at

the time of the execution, acknowledgment, filing, or recording to the contrary notwithstanding.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-07-07 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-07 / Section 1-07-07
1-07-07. Validating proceedings by county funding and refunding indebtedness
Status: repealed

1-07-07. Validating proceedings by county funding and refunding indebtedness

Repealed by S.L. 1981, ch. 277, § 2.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-01-42 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-01 / Section 1-01-42
1-01-42. Verified - Definition
Status: repealed

1-01-42. Verified - Definition

Repealed by S.L. 2025, ch. 64, § 14.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-02-23 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-02 / Section 1-02-23
1-02-23. Limitations - How reckoned
Status: in_force

1-02-23. Limitations - How reckoned

When a limitation or period of time prescribed in any existing statute for acquiring a right or

barring a remedy, or for any other purpose, has begun to run before this code goes into effect,

and the same or any limitation of time is prescribed in this code, the time which already has run

is deemed part of the time prescribed as such limitation by this code.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-01-38 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-01 / Section 1-01-38
1-01-38. Seal - Definition
Status: in_force

1-01-38. Seal - Definition

When the seal of a court, public officer, or person is required by law to be affixed to any

process, commission, paper, or instrument, the word "seal" includes an impression of such seal

upon the paper alone as well as upon wax or a wafer affixed thereto.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-08-08 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-08 / Section 1-08-08
1-08-08. Validation of land titles acquired by corporations before March 7, 1935
Status: in_force

1-08-08. Validation of land titles acquired by corporations before March 7, 1935

The title and ownership of any real estate acquired in any manner by any domestic or

foreign corporation after July 29, 1932, and before March 7, 1935, is declared to be valid for all

purposes, subject, however, to chapter 10-06.1.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-07-10 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-07 / Section 1-07-10
1-07-10. Validating county poor relief warrants and levies
Status: repealed

1-07-10. Validating county poor relief warrants and levies

Repealed by S.L. 1981, ch. 277, § 2.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-02-24 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-02 / Section 1-02-24
1-02-24. Time for performance of act - How computed
Status: in_force

1-02-24. Time for performance of act - How computed

Unless otherwise specially provided, every period of time prescribed in any statute existing

prior to the taking effect of this code with reference to the commencement of a proceeding or

the performance of any other act, must be computed from the date of the event at which such

period begins although such event happened before the taking effect of this revision. This

section may not be construed so as to conflict in any manner with the provisions of section

1-02-23.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-03-03 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-03 / Section 1-03-03
1-03-03. Sports on Memorial Day - Penalty
Status: in_force

1-03-03. Sports on Memorial Day - Penalty

No person, prior to the hour of two p.m. of the day set apart as Memorial Day, may engage

in organized or commercial ball games, horseracing, sports, or any entertainment which will

interfere with the proper observance of such day. Any violation of this section is an infraction.
N.D. Cent. Code § 1-01-48 — ND Code / Title 1 / Chapter 1-01 / Section 1-01-48
1-01-48. Division of child welfare - Definition
Status: repealed

1-01-48. Division of child welfare - Definition

Repealed by S.L. 1981, ch. 486, § 37.