FrankGoortani/open-us-law huggingface dataset:
North Dakota Const. art. 2, § 2 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 2 / Section 2
No person who has been declared mentally incompetent by order of a court or
Status: in_force

Section 2. No person who has been declared mentally incompetent by order of a court or 
other authority having jurisdiction, which order has not been rescinded, shall be qualified to 
vote. No person convicted of a felony shall be qualified to vote until his or her civil rights are 
restored.
North Dakota Const. art. 1, § 9 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 1 / Section 9
All courts shall be open, and every man for any injury done him in his lands,
Status: in_force

Section 9. All courts shall be open, and every man for any injury done him in his lands, 
goods, person or reputation shall have remedy by due process of law, and right and justice 
administered without sale, denial or delay. Suits may be brought against the state in such 
manner, in such courts, and in such cases, as the legislative assembly may, by law, direct.
North Dakota Const. art. 7, § 8 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 7 / Section 8
Each  county  shall  provide  for  law  enforcement,  administrative  and  fiscal
Status: in_force

Section  8. Each  county  shall  provide  for  law  enforcement,  administrative  and  fiscal 
services,  recording  and  registration  services,  educational  services,  and  any  other 
governmental services or functions as may be provided by law. Any elective office provided for 
by the counties shall be for a term of four years. Elective officers shall be elected by the 
electors in the jurisdiction in which the elected officer is to serve. A candidate for election for 
sheriff must be a resident in the jurisdiction in which the candidate is to serve at the time of the 
election. The office of sheriff shall be elected. The legislative assembly may provide by law for 
the election of any county elective officer, other than the sheriff, to serve one or more counties 
provided the affected counties agree to the arrangement and any candidate elected to the 
office is a qualified elector of one of the affected counties.
North Dakota Const. art. 4, § 14 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 4 / Section 14
All sessions of the legislative assembly, including the committee of the whole
Status: in_force

Section 14. All sessions of the legislative assembly, including the committee of the whole 
and meetings of legislative committees, must be open and public.
North Dakota Const. art. 11, § 10 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 11 / Section 10
The governor and other state and judicial officers, except county judges,
Status: in_force

Section 10. The governor and other state and judicial officers, except county judges, 
justices of the peace and police magistrates, shall be liable to impeachment for habitual 
drunkenness, crimes, corrupt conduct, or malfeasance or misdemeanor in office, but judgment 
in such cases shall not extend further than removal from office and disqualification to hold any 
office of trust or profit under the state. The person accused, whether convicted or acquitted, 
shall nevertheless be liable to indictment, trial, judgment and punishment according to law.
North Dakota Const. art. 10, § 10 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 10 / Section 10
1.
Status: in_force

Section 10.
1.
Upon the adoption of this amendment to the Constitution of the State of North Dakota 
there shall be annually levied by the state of North Dakota one mill upon all of the 
taxable property within the state of North Dakota which, when collected, shall be 
covered into the state treasury of the state of North Dakota and placed to the credit of 
the North Dakota state medical center at the university of North Dakota; said fund 
shall  be  expended  as  the  legislature  shall  direct  for  the  development  and 
maintenance necessary to the efficient operation of the said North Dakota state 
medical center.
2.
This amendment shall be self-executing, but legislation may be enacted to facilitate 
its operation.
North Dakota Const. art. 6, § 7 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 6 / Section 7
The justices of the supreme court shall be chosen by the electors of the state
Status: in_force

Section 7. The justices of the supreme court shall be chosen by the electors of the state 
for ten-year terms, so arranged that one justice is elected every two years. They shall hold 
office until their successors are duly qualified, and shall receive compensation as provided by 
law, but the compensation of any justice shall not be diminished during his term of office.
North Dakota Const. art. 5, § 4 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 5 / Section 4
To be eligible to hold an elective office established by this article, a person must
Status: in_force

Section 4. To be eligible to hold an elective office established by this article, a person must 
be a qualified elector of this state, must be at least twenty-five years of age on the day of the 
election, and must have been a resident of this state for the five years preceding election to 
office. To be eligible to hold the office of governor or lieutenant governor, a person must be at 
least thirty years old on the day of the election. The attorney general must be licensed to 
practice law in this state.
North Dakota Const. art. 7, § 10 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 7 / Section 10
Agreements, including those for cooperative or joint administration of any
Status: in_force

Section 10. Agreements, including those for cooperative or joint administration of any 
powers  or  functions,  may  be  made  by  any  political  subdivision  with  any  other  political 
subdivision, with the state, or with the United States, unless otherwise provided by law or 
home rule charter. A political subdivision may by mutual agreement transfer to the county in 
which it is located any of its powers or functions as provided by law or home rule charter, and 
may in like manner revoke the transfer.
North Dakota Const. art. 3, § 9 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 3 / Section 9
A constitutional amendment may be proposed by initiative petition. If signed by
Status: in_force

Section 9. A constitutional amendment may be proposed by initiative petition. If signed by 
electors equal in number to four percent of the resident population of the state at the last 
federal decennial census, the petition may be submitted to the secretary of state. All other 
provisions relating to initiative measures apply hereto.
North Dakota Const. art. 11, § 12 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 11 / Section 12
No officer shall exercise the duties of his office after he shall have been
Status: in_force

Section 12. No officer shall exercise the duties of his office after he shall have been 
impeached and before his acquittal.
North Dakota Const. art. 1, § 13 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 1 / Section 13
The right of trial by jury shall be secured to all, and remain inviolate. A person
Status: in_force

Section 13. The right of trial by jury shall be secured to all, and remain inviolate. A person 
accused of a crime for which he may be confined for a period of more than one year has the 
right of trial by a jury of twelve. The legislative assembly may determine the size of the jury for 
all other cases, provided that the jury consists of at least six members. All verdicts must be 
unanimous.
North Dakota Const. art. 5, § 10 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 5 / Section 10
A governor who asks, receives, or agrees to receive any bribe upon any
Status: in_force

Section 10. A governor who asks, receives, or agrees to receive any bribe upon any 
understanding that the governor's official opinion, judgment, or action shall be influenced 
thereby, or who gives or offers, or promises the governor's official influence in consideration 
that any member of the legislative assembly shall give the member's official vote or influence 
Page No. 2

on any particular side of any question or matter upon which the member may be required to 
act in the member's official capacity, or who menaces any member by the threatened use of 
the governor's veto power, or who offers or promises any member that the governor will 
appoint any particular person or persons to any office created or thereafter to be created, in 
consideration that any member shall give the member's official vote or influence on any matter 
pending or thereafter to be introduced into either house of the legislative assembly, or who 
threatens any member that the governor will remove any person or persons from office or 
position with intent in any manner to influence the action of that member, must be punished in 
the manner now, or that may hereafter be, provided by law, and upon conviction thereof forfeits 
all right to hold or exercise any office of trust or honor in this state.
North Dakota Const. art. 11, § 26 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 11 / Section 26
The legislative, executive, and judicial branches are coequal branches of
Status: in_force

Section 26. The legislative, executive, and judicial branches are coequal branches of 
government. Elected members and officials of each branch shall receive as compensation for 
their services only such amounts as may be specifically set by law. Payment for necessary 
expenses shall not exceed those allowed for other state employees.
North Dakota Const. art. 7, § 1 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 7 / Section 1
The purpose of this article is to provide for maximum local self-government by
Status: in_force

Section 1. The purpose of this article is to provide for maximum local self-government by 
all political subdivisions with a minimum duplication of functions.
North Dakota Const. art. 10, § 27 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 10 / Section 27
The state and any county, township, city, or any other political subdivision of
Status: in_force

Section 27. The state and any county, township, city, or any other political subdivision of 
the state may not impose any mortgage taxes or any sales or transfer taxes on the mortgage 
or transfer of real property.
Page No. 7
North Dakota Const. art. 11, § 6 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 11 / Section 6
Unless otherwise provided by law, all records of public or governmental bodies,
Status: in_force

Section 6. Unless otherwise provided by law, all records of public or governmental bodies, 
boards, bureaus, commissions, or agencies of the state or any political subdivision of the state, 
or organizations or agencies supported in whole or in part by public funds, or expending public 
funds, shall be public records, open and accessible for inspection during reasonable office 
hours.
North Dakota Const. art. 7, § 3 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 7 / Section 3
The several counties of the state of North Dakota as they now exist are hereby
Status: in_force

Section 3. The several counties of the state of North Dakota as they now exist are hereby 
declared to be counties of the state of North Dakota.
North Dakota Const. art. 12, § 16 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 12 / Section 16
Any combination between individuals, corporations, associations, or either
Status: in_force

Section 16. Any combination between individuals, corporations, associations, or either 
having for its object or effect the controlling of the price of any product of the soil or any article 
of manufacture of commerce, or the cost of exchange or transportation, is prohibited and 
hereby declared unlawful and against public policy; and any and all franchises heretofore 
Page No. 1

granted or extended, or that may hereafter be granted or extended in this state, whenever the 
owner or owners thereof violate this article shall be deemed annulled and become void.
North Dakota Const. art. 10, § 18 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 10 / Section 18
The state, any county or city may make internal improvements and may
Status: in_force

Section 18. The state, any county or city may make internal improvements and may 
engage in any industry, enterprise or business, not prohibited by article XX of the constitution, 
but neither the state nor any political subdivision thereof shall otherwise loan or give its credit 
or  make  donations  to  or  in  aid  of  any  individual,  association  or  corporation  except  for 
reasonable support of the poor, nor subscribe to or become the owner of capital stock in any 
association or corporation.
North Dakota Const. art. 6, § 10 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 6 / Section 10
Supreme court justices and district court judges shall be citizens of the United
Status: in_force

Section 10. Supreme court justices and district court judges shall be citizens of the United 
States and residents of this state, shall be learned in the law, and shall possess any additional 
qualifications prescribed by law. Judges of other courts shall be selected for such terms and 
shall have such qualifications as may be prescribed by law.
No justice of the supreme court or judge of the district court of this state shall engage in 
the practice of law, or hold any public office, elective or appointive, not judicial in nature. No 
duties shall be imposed by law upon the supreme court or any of the justices thereof, except 
such as are judicial, nor shall any of the justices exercise any power of appointment except as 
herein provided. No judge of any court of this state shall be paid from the fees of his office, nor 
shall the amount of his compensation be measured by fees, other moneys received, or the 
amount of judicial activity of his office.
North Dakota Const. art. 4, § 1 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 4 / Section 1
The senate must be composed of not less than forty nor more than fifty-four
Status: in_force

Section 1. The senate must be composed of not less than forty nor more than fifty-four 
members, and the house of representatives must be composed of not less than eighty nor 
more than one hundred eight members. These houses are jointly designated as the legislative 
assembly of the state of North Dakota.
North Dakota Const. art. 10, § 26 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 10 / Section 26
1.
Status: in_force

Section 26.
1.
Thirty percent of total revenue derived from taxes on oil and gas production or 
extraction must be transferred by the state treasurer to a special fund in the state 
treasury known as the legacy fund. The legislative assembly may transfer funds from 
any source  into  the  legacy  fund.  Transfers  under  this  subsection  and  earnings 
accruing prior to July 1, 2017, are the principal of the legacy fund.
2.
The principal of the legacy fund may be expended, but an expenditure of principal 
requires a vote of at least two-thirds of the members elected to each house of the 
legislative assembly. Not more than five percent of the principal of the legacy fund 
may be expended during a biennium.
3.
Statutory programs, in existence as a result of legislation enacted through 2009, 
providing for impact grants, direct revenue allocations to political subdivisions, and 
Page No. 6

deposits in the oil and gas research fund must remain in effect but the legislative 
assembly may adjust statutory allocations for those purposes.
4.
The state investment board shall invest the moneys in the legacy fund.
5.
On July first of each odd-numbered year, the state treasurer shall make a distribution 
from the legacy fund to a legacy earnings fund as provided by law, but a distribution 
may not result in an expenditure of principal.
North Dakota Const. art. 10, § 25 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 10 / Section 25
The veterans' postwar trust fund shall be a permanent trust fund of the state
Status: in_force

Section 25. The veterans' postwar trust fund shall be a permanent trust fund of the state 
of North Dakota and shall consist of moneys transferred or credited to the fund as authorized 
by  legislative  enactment.  Investment  of  the  fund  shall  be  the  responsibility  of  the  state 
treasurer who shall have full authority to invest the fund only in the same manner as the state 
investment board is authorized to make investments. All income received from investments is 
to be utilized for programs which must be of benefit and service to veterans, who are defined 
by legislative enactment, or their dependents, and such income is hereby appropriated to the 
administrative committee on veterans' affairs on a continuing basis for expenditure upon those 
programs selected at the discretion of the administrative committee on veterans' affairs.
North Dakota Const. art. 11, § 15 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 11 / Section 15
No person shall be liable to impeachment twice for the same offense.
Status: in_force

Section 15. No person shall be liable to impeachment twice for the same offense.
North Dakota Const. art. 1, § 6 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 1 / Section 6
Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, unless for the punishment of crime,
Status: in_force

Section 6. Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, unless for the punishment of crime, 
shall ever be tolerated in this state.
North Dakota Const. art. 3, § 3 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 3 / Section 3
The petition shall be circulated only by electors. They shall swear thereon that
Status: in_force

Section 3. The petition shall be circulated only by electors. They shall swear thereon that 
the electors who have signed the petition did so in their presence. Each elector signing a 
petition shall also write in the date of signing and his post-office address. No law shall be 
enacted limiting the number of copies of a petition. The copies shall become part of the original 
petition when filed.
North Dakota Const. art. 11, § 14 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 11 / Section 14
No person shall be tried on impeachment before he shall have been served
Status: in_force

Section 14. No person shall be tried on impeachment before he shall have been served 
with a copy thereof, at least twenty days previous to the day set for trial.
North Dakota Const. art. 5, § 9 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 5 / Section 9
Every bill  passed  by  the  legislative  assembly must  be  presented  to  the
Status: in_force

Section  9. Every bill  passed  by  the  legislative  assembly must  be  presented  to  the 
governor for the governor's signature. If the governor signs the bill, it becomes law.
The governor may veto a bill passed by the legislative assembly. The governor may veto 
items in an appropriation bill. Portions of the bill not vetoed become law.
The  governor  shall  return  for  reconsideration  any vetoed  item  or  bill,  with  a  written 
statement of the governor's objections, to the house in which it originated. That house shall 
immediately enter the governor's objections upon its journal. If, by a recorded vote, two-thirds 
of the members elected to that house pass a vetoed item or bill, it, along with the statement of 
the governor's objections, must immediately be delivered to the other house. If, by a recorded 
vote, two-thirds of the members elected to the other house also pass it, the vetoed item or bill 
becomes law.
While the legislative assembly is in session, a bill becomes law if the governor neither 
signs nor vetoes it within  three legislative days  after its delivery to the governor. If  the 
legislative assembly is not in session, a bill becomes law if the governor neither signs nor 
vetoes  it  within  fifteen  days,  Saturdays  and  Sundays  excepted,  after  its  delivery  to  the 
governor.
North Dakota Const. art. 8, § 1 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 8 / Section 1
A high degree of intelligence, patriotism, integrity and morality on the part of
Status: in_force

Section 1. A high degree of intelligence, patriotism, integrity and morality on the part of 
every voter in a government by the people being necessary in order to insure the continuance 
of that government and the prosperity and happiness of the people, the legislative assembly 
shall make provision for the establishment and maintenance of a system of public schools 
which shall be open to all children of the state of North Dakota and free from sectarian control. 
This legislative requirement shall be irrevocable without the consent of the United States and 
the people of North Dakota.
North Dakota Const. art. 10, § 9 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 10 / Section 9
The legislative assembly may provide for the levy of a tax upon lands within the
Status: in_force

Section 9. The legislative assembly may provide for the levy of a tax upon lands within the 
state for the purpose of creating a fund to insure the owners of growing crops against losses 
by hail. The legislative assembly may classify lands within the state, and divide the state into 
districts on such basis as shall seem just and necessary, and may vary the tax rates in such 
districts in accordance with the risk, in order to secure an equitable distribution of the burden of 
the tax among the owners of such lands.
North Dakota Const. art. 1, § 8 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 1 / Section 8
The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers and
Status: in_force

Section 8. The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers and 
effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures shall not be violated; and no warrant 
shall issue but upon probable cause, supported by oath or affirmation, particularly describing 
the place to be searched and the persons and things to be seized.
North Dakota Const. art. 1, § 15 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 1 / Section 15
No person shall be imprisoned for debt unless upon refusal to deliver up his
Status: in_force

Section 15. No person shall be imprisoned for debt unless upon refusal to deliver up his 
estate for the benefit of his creditors, in such manner as shall be prescribed by law; or in cases 
of tort; or where there is strong presumption of fraud.
North Dakota Const. art. 10, § 23 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 10 / Section 23
The  legislative  assembly  may  provide  for  the  payment  of  adjusted
Status: in_force

Section  23. The  legislative  assembly  may  provide  for  the  payment  of  adjusted 
compensation to North Dakota residents who were members of the regular active duty armed 
forces and who served in the Persian Gulf theatre or in the Grenada, Lebanon, or Panama 
areas of armed conflict as designated by the President of the United States or to heirs of North 
Dakota residents who were members of the regular active duty armed forces and who died 
while on orders to or from the Persian Gulf theatre or in the Grenada, Lebanon, or Panama 
areas of armed conflict as designated by the President of the United States. The legislative 
assembly may provide a direct appropriation or provide for the issuance, sale, and delivery of 
bonds of the state of North Dakota in such principal amounts as determined by the legislative 
assembly to be necessary for the payment of adjusted compensation under this section. 
Adjusted compensation under this section may be paid at such rates, terms of service, and 
conditions as the legislative assembly provides.
North Dakota Const. art. 5, § 11 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 5 / Section 11
The lieutenant governor shall succeed to the office of governor when a
Status: in_force

Section 11. The lieutenant governor shall succeed to the office of governor when a 
vacancy occurs in the office of governor. If, during a vacancy in the office of governor, the 
lieutenant governor is unable to serve because of death, impeachment, resignation, failure to 
qualify, removal from office, or disability, the secretary of state shall act as governor until the 
vacancy is filled or the disability removed.
North Dakota Const. art. 11, § 18 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 11 / Section 18
The  legislative  assembly  shall  provide  by  law  for  the  establishment  of
Status: in_force

Section  18. The  legislative  assembly  shall  provide  by  law  for  the  establishment  of 
volunteer organizations of the several arms of the service, which shall be classed as active 
Page No. 2

militia; and no other organized body of armed men shall be permitted to perform military duty in 
this state except the army of the United States, without the proclamation of the governor of the 
state.