FrankGoortani/open-us-law huggingface dataset:
North Dakota Const. art. 11, § 4 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 11 / Section 4
Members of the legislative assembly and the executive and judicial branches,
Status: in_force

Section 4. Members of the legislative assembly and the executive and judicial branches, 
except such inferior officers as may be by law exempted, before they enter on the duties of 
their  respective  offices,  shall  take  and  subscribe  the  following  oath  or  affirmation:  "I  do 
solemnly swear (or affirm as the case may be) that I will support the Constitution of the United 
States and the Constitution of the State of North Dakota; and that I will faithfully discharge the 
duties of the office of _________ according to the best of my ability, so help me God" (if an 
oath), (under pains and penalties of perjury) if an affirmation, and any other oath, declaration, 
or test may not be required as a qualification for any office or public trust.
North Dakota Const. art. 11, § 3 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 11 / Section 3
All flowing streams and natural watercourses shall forever remain the property
Status: in_force

Section 3. All flowing streams and natural watercourses shall forever remain the property 
of the state for mining, irrigating and manufacturing purposes.
North Dakota Const. art. 1, § 3 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 1 / Section 3
The free exercise and enjoyment of religious profession and worship, without
Status: in_force

Section 3. The free exercise and enjoyment of religious profession and worship, without 
discrimination or preference shall be forever guaranteed in this state, and no person shall be 
rendered incompetent to be a witness or juror on account of his opinion on matters of religious 
belief; but the liberty of conscience hereby secured shall not be so construed as to excuse acts 
of licentiousness, or justify practices inconsistent with the peace or safety of this state.
North Dakota Const. art. 16, § 3 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 16 / Section 3
In the event superior law requires age-limited candidates to appear on the
Status: in_force

Section 3.  In the event superior law requires age-limited candidates to appear on the 
ballot in primary or general elections in contravention of section 2, the following ballot advisory 
shall appear parenthetically next to the names of all candidates for all federal legislative offices 
in future elections: "Candidate would be [candidate age on December thirty-first of the year 
immediately preceding the end of term] years old by end of term."
North Dakota Const. art. 3, § 7 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 3 / Section 7
All decisions of the secretary of state in the petition process are subject to
Status: in_force

Section 7. All decisions of the secretary of state in the petition process are subject to 
review by the supreme court in the exercise of original jurisdiction. A proceeding to review a 
decision of the secretary of state must be filed with the supreme court no later than seventy-
five days before the date of the statewide election at which the measure is to be voted upon. If 
the decision of the secretary of state is being reviewed at the time the ballot is prepared, the 
secretary of state shall place the measure on the ballot and no court action shall invalidate the 
measure if it is approved at the election by a majority of the votes cast thereon.
North Dakota Const. art. 11, § 22 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 11 / Section 22
The right of the debtor to enjoy the comforts and necessaries of life shall be
Status: in_force

Section 22. The right of the debtor to enjoy the comforts and necessaries of life shall be 
recognized  by  wholesome  laws,  exempting  from  forced  sale  to  all  heads  of  families  a 
homestead, the value of which shall be limited and defined by law; and a reasonable amount 
of personal property; the kind and value shall be fixed by law. This section shall not be 
construed to prevent liens against the homestead for labor done and materials furnished in the 
improvement thereof, in such manner as may be prescribed by law.
North Dakota Const. art. 11, § 29 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 11 / Section 29
The right of farmers and ranchers to engage in modern farming and ranching
Status: in_force

Section 29. The right of farmers and ranchers to engage in modern farming and ranching 
practices shall be forever guaranteed in this state. No law shall be enacted which abridges the 
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right of farmers and ranchers to employ agricultural technology, modern livestock production, 
and ranching practices.
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North Dakota Const. art. 11, § 8 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 11 / Section 8
The house of representatives shall have the sole power of impeachment. The
Status: in_force

Section 8. The house of representatives shall have the sole power of impeachment. The 
concurrence of a majority of all members elected shall be necessary to an impeachment.
North Dakota Const. art. 7, § 4 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 7 / Section 4
The legislative assembly shall provide by law for relocating county seats within
Status: in_force

Section 4. The legislative assembly shall provide by law for relocating county seats within 
counties, but it shall have no power to remove the county seat of any county.
North Dakota Const. art. 9, § 3 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 9 / Section 3
The superintendent of public instruction, governor, attorney general, secretary
Status: in_force

Section 3. The superintendent of public instruction, governor, attorney general, secretary 
of state and state treasurer comprise a board of commissioners, to be denominated the "board 
of university and school lands". Subject to the provisions of this article and any law that may be 
passed by the legislative assembly, the board has control of the appraisement, sale, rental, 
and disposal of all school and university lands, and the proceeds from the sale of such lands 
shall be invested as provided by law.
North Dakota Const. art. 5, § 6 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 5 / Section 6
The elected state officials and the chief executive officers of the principal
Status: in_force

Section 6. The elected state officials and the chief executive officers of the principal 
departments shall hold office in the state capital.
Page No. 1
North Dakota Const. art. 9, § 5 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 9 / Section 5
After one year from the assembling of the first legislative assembly the lands
Status: in_force

Section 5. After one year from the assembling of the first legislative assembly the lands 
granted to the state from the United States for the support of the common schools, may be 
sold upon the following conditions and no other: No more than one-fourth of all such lands 
shall be sold within the first five years after the same become salable by virtue of this section. 
No more than one-half of the remainder within ten years after the same become salable as 
aforesaid. The residue may be sold at any time after the expiration of said ten years. The 
legislative assembly shall provide for the sale of all school lands subject to the provisions of 
this article. In all sales of lands subject to the provisions of this article all minerals therein, 
including but not limited to oil, gas, coal, cement materials, sodium sulphate, sand and gravel, 
road material, building stone, chemical substances, metallic ores, uranium ores, or colloidal or 
other clays, shall be reserved and excepted to the state of North Dakota, except that leases 
may be executed for the extraction and sale of such materials in such manner and upon such 
terms as the legislative assembly may provide.
North Dakota Const. art. 11, § 13 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 11 / Section 13
On trial of impeachment against the governor, the lieutenant governor shall
Status: in_force

Section 13. On trial of impeachment against the governor, the lieutenant governor shall 
not act as a member of the court.
North Dakota Const. art. 3, § 8 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 3 / Section 8
If  a  majority  of  votes  cast  upon  an  initiated  or  a  referred  measure  are
Status: in_force

Section  8. If  a  majority  of  votes  cast  upon  an  initiated  or  a  referred  measure  are 
affirmative, it shall be deemed enacted. An initiated or referred measure which is approved 
shall become law thirty days after the election, and a referred measure which is rejected shall 
be void immediately. If conflicting measures are approved, the one receiving the highest 
number of affirmative votes shall be law. A measure approved by the electors may not be 
repealed or amended by the legislative assembly for seven years from its effective date, 
except by a two-thirds vote of the members elected to each house.
North Dakota Const. art. 6, § 5 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 6 / Section 5
When a judgment or order is reversed, modified, or confirmed by the supreme
Status: in_force

Section 5. When a judgment or order is reversed, modified, or confirmed by the supreme 
court, the reasons shall be concisely stated in writing, signed by the justices concurring, filed in 
the office of the clerk of the supreme court, and preserved with a record of the case. Any 
justice dissenting may give the reason for his dissent in writing over his signature.
North Dakota Const. art. 10, § 16 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 10 / Section 16
Any  city,  county,  township,  town,  school  district  or  any  other  political
Status: in_force

Section  16. Any  city,  county,  township,  town,  school  district  or  any  other  political 
subdivision incurring indebtedness shall, at or before the time of so doing, provide for the 
collection of an annual tax sufficient to pay the interest and also the principal thereof when 
due, and all laws or ordinances providing for the payment of the interest or principal of any 
debt shall be irrepealable until such debt be paid.
North Dakota Const. art. 5, § 3 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 5 / Section 3
The governor and the lieutenant governor must be elected on a joint ballot.
Status: in_force

Section 3. The governor and the lieutenant governor must be elected on a joint ballot. 
Each  vote cast for  a  candidate  for  governor  is  deemed  cast  also  for the  candidate  for 
lieutenant governor running jointly with the candidate for governor. The joint candidates having 
the highest number of votes must be declared elected. If two or more joint candidates have an 
equal  and  highest number  of votes  for  governor and  lieutenant  governor, the  legislative 
assembly in joint session at its next regular session shall choose one pair of joint candidates 
for the offices. The returns of the election for governor and lieutenant governor must be made 
in the manner prescribed by law.
North Dakota Const. art. 1, § 18 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 1 / Section 18
No bill of attainder, ex post facto law, or law impairing the obligations of
Status: in_force

Section 18. No bill of attainder, ex post facto law, or law impairing the obligations of 
contracts shall ever be passed.
North Dakota Const. art. 3, § 10 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 3 / Section 10
Any elected official of the state, of any county or of any legislative or county
Status: in_force

Section 10. Any elected official of the state, of any county or of any legislative or county 
commissioner district shall be subject to recall by petition of electors equal in number to 
twenty-five percent of those who voted at the preceding general election for the office of 
governor in the state, county, or district in which the official is to be recalled.
The petition shall be filed with the official with whom a petition for nomination to the office 
in question is filed, who shall call a special election if he finds the petition valid and sufficient. 
No elector may remove his name from a recall petition.
The name of the official to be recalled shall be placed on the ballot unless he resigns 
within ten days after the filing of the petition. Other candidates for the office may be nominated 
in a manner provided by law. When the election results have been officially declared, the 
candidate receiving the highest number of votes shall be deemed elected for the remainder of 
the term. No official shall be subject twice to recall during the term for which he was elected.
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North Dakota Const. art. 11, § 25 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 11 / Section 25
The legislative assembly shall not authorize any game of chance, lottery, or
Status: in_force

Section 25. The legislative assembly shall not authorize any game of chance, lottery, or 
gift enterprises, under any pretense, or for any purpose whatever. However, the legislative 
assembly shall authorize the state of North Dakota to join a multi-state lottery for the benefit of 
the state of North Dakota, and, the legislative assembly may authorize by law bona fide 
nonprofit  veterans',  charitable,  educational,  religious,  or  fraternal  organizations,  civic  and 
service clubs, or such other public-spirited organizations as it may recognize, to conduct 
games of chance when the entire net proceeds of such games of chance are to be devoted to 
educational, charitable, patriotic, fraternal, religious, or other public-spirited uses.
North Dakota Const. art. 13, § 3 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 13 / Section 3
The state of North Dakota hereby accepts the several grants of land granted by
Status: in_force

Section 3. The state of North Dakota hereby accepts the several grants of land granted by 
the United States to the state of North Dakota by an Act of Congress entitled "An act to provide 
for the division of Dakota into two states, and to enable the people of North Dakota, South 
Dakota, Montana and Washington to form constitutions and state governments, and to be 
admitted into the union on equal footing with the original states, and to make donations of 
public lands to such states," under the conditions and limitations therein mentioned; reserving 
the right, however, to apply to Congress for modification of said conditions and limitations in 
case of necessity.
North Dakota Const. art. 1, § 17 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 1 / Section 17
Treason against the state shall consist only in levying war against it, adhering
Status: in_force

Section 17. Treason against the state shall consist only in levying war against it, adhering 
to its enemies or giving them aid and comfort. No person shall be convicted of treason unless 
on the evidence of two witnesses to the same overt act, or confession in open court.
North Dakota Const. art. 14, § 4 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 14 / Section 4
1.
Status: in_force

Section 4.
1.
This article is self-executing and all of its provisions are mandatory. Laws may be 
enacted to facilitate, safeguard, or expand, but not to hamper, restrict, or impair, this 
article. This article shall take effect sixty days after approval. 
2.
For the purposes of this article, "public office" or "public official" means any elected or 
appointed office or official of the state’s executive or legislative branch, including 
members  of  the  ethics  commission,  or  members  of  the  governor’s  cabinet,  or 
employees  of  the  legislative  branch,  and  "agency"  means  each  board,  bureau, 
commission, department, or other administrative unit of the executive branch of state 
government, including one or more officers, employees, or other persons directly or 
indirectly purporting to act on behalf or under authority of the agency. 
3.
If any provision of this article is held to be invalid, either on its face or as applied to 
any person, entity, or circumstance, the remaining provisions, and the application 
thereof to any person, entity, or circumstance other than those to which it is held 
invalid, shall not be affected thereby. In any case of a conflict between any provision 
Page No. 2

of this article and any other provision contained in this constitution, the provisions of 
this article shall control.
Page No. 3
North Dakota Const. art. 11, § 9 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 11 / Section 9
All impeachments shall be tried by the senate. When sitting for that purpose the
Status: in_force

Section 9. All impeachments shall be tried by the senate. When sitting for that purpose the 
senators shall be upon oath or affirmation to do justice according to the law and evidence. No 
person shall be convicted without the concurrence of two-thirds of the members elected. When 
the governor or lieutenant governor is on trial, the presiding judge of the supreme court shall 
preside.
North Dakota Const. art. 4, § 9 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 4 / Section 9
If any person elected to either house of the legislative assembly shall offer or
Status: in_force

Section 9. If any person elected to either house of the legislative assembly shall offer or 
promise to give his vote or influence, in favor of, or against any measure or proposition 
pending or proposed to be introduced into the legislative assembly, in consideration, or upon 
conditions, that any other person elected to the same legislative assembly will give, or will 
promise or assent to give, his vote or influence in favor of or against any other measure or 
proposition, pending or proposed to be introduced into such legislative assembly, the person 
making such offer or promise shall be deemed guilty of solicitation of bribery. If any member of 
the  legislative  assembly,  shall  give  his  vote  or influence  for or against  any measure or 
proposition, pending or proposed to be introduced into such legislative assembly, or offer, 
promise or assent so to do upon condition that any other member will give, promise or assent 
to give his vote or influence in favor of or against any other such measure or proposition 
pending or proposed to be introduced into such legislative assembly, or in consideration that 
any other member hath given his vote or influence, for or against any other measure or 
proposition in such legislative assembly, he shall be deemed guilty of bribery. And any person, 
member of the legislative assembly or person elected thereto, who shall be guilty of either 
such offenses, shall be expelled, and shall not thereafter be eligible to the legislative assembly, 
and, on the conviction thereof in the civil courts, shall be liable to such further penalty as may 
be prescribed by law.
North Dakota Const. art. 4, § 5 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 4 / Section 5
Each individual elected or appointed to the legislative assembly must be, on
Status: in_force

Section 5. Each individual elected or appointed to the legislative assembly must be, on 
the day of the election or appointment, a qualified elector in the district from which the member 
was selected and must have been a resident of the state for one year immediately prior to that 
election. An individual may not serve in the legislative assembly unless the individual lives in 
the district from which selected.
North Dakota Const. art. 10, § 15 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 10 / Section 15
The debt of any county, township, city, town, school district or any other
Status: in_force

Section 15. The debt of any county, township, city, town, school district or any other 
political subdivision, shall never exceed five per centum upon the assessed value of the 
taxable  property  therein;  provided  that  any  incorporated  city  may,  by  a  two-thirds  vote, 
increase such indebtedness three per centum on such assessed value beyond said five per 
centum limit, and a school district, by a majority vote may increase such indebtedness five 
percent on such assessed value beyond said five per centum limit; provided also that any 
county or city by a majority vote may issue bonds upon any revenue-producing utility owned by 
such county or city, or for the purchasing or acquiring the same or building or establishment 
thereof, in amounts not exceeding the physical value of such utility, industry or enterprise.
In estimating the indebtedness which a city, county, township, school district or any other 
political  subdivision  may  incur,  the  entire  amount,  exclusive  of  the  bonds  upon  said 
revenue-producing utilities, whether contracted prior or subsequent to the adoption of this 
constitution,  shall  be  included;  provided  further  that  any  incorporated  city  may  become 
indebted in any amount not exceeding four per centum of such assessed value without regard 
to  the  existing  indebtedness  of  such  city for  the  purpose  of  constructing  or  purchasing 
waterworks for furnishing a supply of water to the inhabitants of such city, or for the purpose of 
constructing sewers, and for no other purposes whatever. All bonds and obligations in excess 
of  the  amount  of indebtedness  permitted by this  constitution,  given  by any city,  county, 
township, town, school district, or any other political subdivision shall be void.
Page No. 4
North Dakota Const. art. 13, § 4 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 13 / Section 4
All other provisions of the Enabling Act of Congress approved on February 22,
Status: in_force

Section 4. All other provisions of the Enabling Act of Congress approved on February 22, 
1889, 25 United States Statutes at Large 676, chapter 180, and section 1 of this article of the 
Constitution of North Dakota, as section 1 existed immediately before the adoption of this 
section, are continued in effect as though fully recited and continue to be irrevocable without 
the consent of the United States and the people of this state.
Page No. 1
North Dakota Const. art. 3, § 6 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 3 / Section 6
The secretary of state shall pass upon each petition, and if the secretary of
Status: in_force

Section 6. The secretary of state shall pass upon each petition, and if the secretary of 
state finds it insufficient, the secretary of state shall notify the "committee for the petitioners" 
and allow twenty days for correction. All decisions of the secretary of state in regard to any 
petition are subject to review by the supreme court. But if the sufficiency of the petition is being 
reviewed at the time the ballot is prepared, the secretary of state shall place the measure on 
the ballot and no subsequent decision shall invalidate the measure if it is at the election 
approved by a majority of the votes cast thereon. If proceedings are brought against any 
petition  upon  any  ground,  the  burden  of  proof  is  upon  the  party  attacking  it  and  the 
Page No. 1

proceedings must be filed with the supreme court no later than seventy-five days before the 
date of the statewide election at which the measure is to be voted upon.
North Dakota Const. art. 1, § 11 — North Dakota Constitution / Article 1 / Section 11
All persons shall be bailable by sufficient sureties, unless for capital offenses
Status: in_force

Section 11. All persons shall be bailable by sufficient sureties, unless for capital offenses 
when the proof is evident or the presumption great. Excessive bail shall not be required, nor 
excessive fines imposed, nor shall cruel or unusual punishments be inflicted. Witnesses shall 
not be unreasonably detained, nor be confined in any room where criminals are actually 
imprisoned.