FrankGoortani/open-us-law huggingface dataset:
Mich. Comp. Laws § 500.3561 — MI Code / Chapter 500 / Act Act-218-of-1956 / Section 500.3561
Insolvency; continuation of benefits.
Status: in_force

Sec. 3561.

A health maintenance organization shall have a plan for handling insolvency that allows for continuation of benefits for the duration of the health maintenance contract period for which premiums have been paid and continuation of benefits to any enrollee who is confined on the date of insolvency in an inpatient facility until his or her discharge from the facility. Continuation of benefits in the event of insolvency is satisfied if the health maintenance organization has at least 1 of the following, as approved by the director:

(a) A financial guarantee contract insured by a surety bond issued by an independent insurer with a secure rating from a rating agency that meets the requirements of section 436a(1)(p).

(b) A reinsurance contract issued by an authorized or eligible insurer to cover the expenses to be paid for continued benefits after an insolvency.

(c) A contract between the health maintenance organization and its affiliated providers that provides for the continuation of provider services in the event of the health maintenance organization's insolvency. A health maintenance organization shall include in a contract under this subdivision a mechanism for appropriate sharing by the health maintenance organization of the continuation of provider services as approved by the director and shall not include a provision that continuation of provider services is solely the responsibility of the affiliated providers.

(d) An irrevocable letter of credit.

(e) An insolvency reserve account established with a federal or state chartered financial institution under a trust indenture acceptable to the director for the sole benefit of subscribers and enrollees, equal to 3 months' premium income.

History: Add. 2000, Act 252, Imd. Eff. June 29, 2000; Am. 2016, Act 276, Imd. Eff. July 1, 2016
Mich. Comp. Laws § 570.1103 — MI Code / Chapter 570 / Act Act-497-of-1980 / Section 570.1103
Definitions.
Status: in_force

Sec. 103.

"Actual physical improvement" means the actual physical change in, or alteration of, real property as a result of labor provided, pursuant to a contract, by a contractor, subcontractor, or laborer which is readily visible and of a kind that would alert a person upon reasonable inspection of the existence of an improvement. Actual physical improvement does not include that labor which is provided in preparation for that change or alteration, such as surveying, soil boring and testing, architectural or engineering planning, or the preparation of other plans or drawings of any kind or nature. Actual physical improvement does not include supplies delivered to or stored at the real property.

"Co-lessee" means a person having an interest in real property, the nature of which is identical to that of the interest of the lessee who contracted for the improvement to the real property, whether the extent of such interest is identical or not.

"Construction lien" means the lien of a contractor, subcontractor, supplier, or laborer, as described in section 107.

"Contract" means a contract, of whatever nature, for the providing of improvements to real property, including any and all additions to, deletions from, and amendments to the contract.

"Contractor" means a person who, pursuant to a contract with the owner or lessee of real property, provides an improvement to real property.

"Co-owner" means a person having an interest in real property, the nature of which is identical to that of the interest of the owner who contracted for the improvement to the real property, whether the extent of such interest is identical or not.

History: 1980, Act 497, Eff. Jan. 1, 1982; Am. 1981, Act 191, Eff. Jan. 1, 1982; Am. 1982, Act 17, Eff. Mar. 1, 1982
Mich. Comp. Laws § 500.8192 — MI Code / Chapter 500 / Act Act-218-of-1956 / Section 500.8192
Foreign or alien society; deficiencies; notice; request for correction; noncompliance; suspension, revocation, or refusal of license; contracts.
Status: in_force

Sec. 8192.

If the commissioner upon investigation finds that a foreign or alien society transacting or applying to transact business in this state has exceeded its powers, has failed to comply with any of the provisions of this chapter, is not fulfilling its contracts in good faith, or is conducting its business fraudulently or in a manner hazardous to its members or creditors or the public, the commissioner shall notify the society of his or her findings and state in writing the reasons for his or her dissatisfaction. The commissioner shall issue immediately a written notice to the society requiring that the deficiency or deficiencies that exist be corrected. After the notice the society shall have a 30-day period in which to comply with the commissioner's request for correction, and if the society fails to comply, the commissioner shall notify the society of the findings of noncompliance and require the society to show cause on a date named why its license should not be suspended, revoked, or refused. If on that date the society does not present good and sufficient reason why its authority to do business in this state should not be suspended, revoked, or refused, the commissioner may suspend or refuse the license of the society to do business in this state until satisfactory evidence is furnished to the commissioner that the suspension or refusal should be withdrawn or the commissioner may revoke the authority of the society to do business in this state.

Nothing in this section shall be taken or construed as preventing a society from continuing in good faith all contracts made in this state during the time that the society was legally authorized to transact business in this state.

History: Add. 1990, Act 1, Eff. Apr. 1, 1990
Mich. Comp. Laws § 32.1145 — MI Code / Chapter 32 / Act Act-523-of-1980 / Section 32.1145
Issuance of process, mandates, and subpoenas duces tecum; form; enforcement; person to whom directed; execution or service and return; demanding or requiring payment of fee or charge prohibited.
Status: in_force

Sec. 145.

A military court is empowered to issue process and mandates necessary and proper to carry into full effect the powers vested in the court. The court shall have the power to issue subpoenas duces tecum and to enforce by attachment attendance of witnesses and production of books and records.

The process and mandates may be issued by a summary court-martial, military judge, trial counsel, and the president of any other military court and may be directed to and executed or served by a person designated in section 144 or a civil law enforcement officer and shall be in a form as may be prescribed by rules promulgated pursuant to this code.

A civil law enforcement officer or a person appointed pursuant to section 144 to whom a process or mandate may be directed shall execute or serve and return the process or mandate pursuant to the requirements of the process or mandate. Except as otherwise specifically provided in this code, the civil law enforcement officer or a person appointed pursuant to section 144 shall not demand or require payment of a fee or charge of any nature for receiving, executing, serving, or returning the process or mandate or for any services in connection with the process or mandate.

History: 1980, Act 523, Eff. Mar. 31, 1981
Mich. Comp. Laws § 600.1303 — MI Code / Chapter 600 / Act Act-236-of-1961 / Section 600.1303
Jury board; authorization and salaries of assistants.
Status: in_force

Sec. 1303.

The county board of commissioners of each county may authorize assistants to the jury board and fix their salaries.

History: Add. 1968, Act 326, Eff. Nov. 15, 1968; Am. 1980, Act 438, Eff. Sept. 1, 1981; Am. 1996, Act 374, Eff. Oct. 1, 1996
Mich. Comp. Laws § 257.210 — MI Code / Chapter 257 / Act Act-300-of-1949 / Section 257.210
Title, registration certificate, permit, license or plate; seizure; possession and custody of plate; security interest.
Status: in_force

Sec. 210.

The department is hereby authorized to take possession of any certificate of title, registration certificate, permit, license or registration plate issued by it upon expiration, revocation, cancellation or suspension thereof, or which is fictitious, or which has been unlawfully or erroneously issued, and the department or any agent thereof is authorized to take possession and custody of any registration plate found attached to any motor vehicle for which it was not issued, or when any other unlawful use is being made thereof. Expiration, revocation, cancellation or suspension of a certificate of title does not, in itself, affect the validity of a security interest noted on it.

History: 1949, Act 300, Eff. Sept. 23, 1949; Am. 1951, Act 270, Eff. Sept. 28, 1951; Am. 1964, Act 248, Eff. Jan. 1, 1965
Mich. Comp. Laws § 247.292 — MI Code / Chapter 247 / Act Act-165-of-1917 / Section 247.292
Closing of highways or bridges for construction or repair; detours, notices, removal of barriers on completion of work.
Status: in_force

Sec. 2.

No highway shall be closed under the provisions of this act until suitable detours around the same, or the closed portion thereof, are provided and are placed in reasonably safe and passable condition for traffic. Notices in the form of plainly legible signs shall be placed by the highway officials having such work in charge at either end of the closed highway or portion of highway and at such intermediate points along the detour, or detours, as may be necessary to plainly mark the same. Upon the completion of the work of construction, improvement or repair and as soon as the highway or bridge constructed, improved or repaired shall be in suitable condition for public travel, all barriers, marks and signs whatsoever erected under the provisions hereof shall be at once removed by the officials erecting or placing the same.

History: 1917, Act 165, Eff. Aug. 10, 1917; CL 1929, 4627; CL 1948, 247.292; Am. 1966, Act 176, Imd. Eff. July 1, 1966
Mich. Comp. Laws § 141.1169 — MI Code / Chapter 141 / Act Act-100-of-1990 / Section 141.1169
Failure to remit tax moneys received from users; issuance and service of proposed assessment; proof of mailing; written protest.
Status: in_force

Sec. 9.

If the administrator determines that a user has failed to pay the full amount of the tax due under this ordinance, the administrator may, or if he or she determines that a public utility or resale customer has failed to remit the amount of tax moneys received from users, and due the city, the administrator shall issue a proposed assessment showing the amount due and unpaid, together with interest and penalties that may have accrued thereon. The proposed assessment shall be served upon the user, public utility, or resale customer in person, or by mailing by registered or certified mail to his or her last known address. Proof of mailing the proposed assessment is prima facie evidence of a receipt thereof by the addressee.

A user, public utility, or resale customer has 30 days after receipt of a proposed assessment within which to file a written protest with the administrator, who shall then give the user, public utility, or resale customer or his or her duly authorized representative an opportunity to be heard and present evidence and arguments in his or her behalf.

History: 1990, Act 100, Imd. Eff. June 13, 1990
Mich. Comp. Laws § 324.505 — MI Code / Chapter 324 / Act Act-451-of-1994 / Section 324.505
Federal fish stock and programs; application; listing of programs supplied to legislature.
Status: in_force

Sec. 505.

The department, in pursuing the state's policy of propagating fish for the purpose of stocking the streams and lakes of the state, shall accept federal fish stock for such programs, and shall apply for all federal fish stock programs that do not commit the state to future expenditures.

History: 1994, Act 451, Eff. Mar. 30, 1995
Mich. Comp. Laws § 331.1408 — MI Code / Chapter 331 / Act Act-230-of-1987 / Section 331.1408
Security instruments to continue in effect until principal and interest on corporation obligations paid in full; terms of security instrument; recital.
Status: in_force

Sec. 408.

The provisions of this act, any resolution and any mortgage, deed of trust, or other security instrument shall continue in effect until all principal and interest on the corporation obligations has been fully paid or payment has been duly provided for. Any resolution, mortgage, deed of trust, or other security instrument governing the issuance of or securing corporation obligations may provide terms under which it is enforceable by the holder or holders of corporation obligations or a trustee or trustees for their benefit by mandamus, foreclosure, or other appropriate action in any court of competent jurisdiction.

The resolution authorizing corporation obligations shall contain a recital that they are issued pursuant to this act, which recital shall be conclusive evidence of their validity and the regularity of their issuance.

History: 1987, Act 230, Eff. Feb. 27, 1988
Mich. Comp. Laws § 456.104 — MI Code / Chapter 456 / Act Act-12-of-1869 / Section 456.104
Annual meeting; election of board of directors; right to vote; special meetings.
Status: in_force

Sec. 4.

The annual meeting of every such corporation shall be held on the second Monday of May in each year, unless some other day shall be fixed by the by-laws thereof, and in such case, it shall be held upon the day so fixed. Such meeting shall elect a board of directors, who shall serve for the ensuing year, and until their successors shall be chosen, and transact such other business of the corporation, as may properly come before it. At such meeting the owners of scrip, hereinafter provided for, shall have the right to vote, either in person or by proxy, in proportion to the amount of scrip held by them respectively, each owner thereof being entitled to 1 vote for each 10 dollars of scrip. Special meetings of any such corporation may be provided for by the by-laws thereof, and shall be held when called in accordance with such provision.

History: 1869, Act 12, Imd. Eff. Feb. 19, 1869; CL 1871, 3411; How. 4766; CL 1897, 8402; Am. 1899, Act 126, Imd. Eff. June 15, 1899; CL 1915, 11163; CL 1929, 10443; CL 1948, 456.104
Mich. Comp. Laws § 450.321 — MI Code / Chapter 450 / Act Act-392-of-1978 / Section 450.321
Validation of certain audits.
Status: in_force

Sec. 1.

All audits performed by or at the direction of the department of treasury for the purpose of determining liability for a corporate franchise fee levied pursuant to former Act No. 85 of the Public Acts of 1921, and all payments received and refunds made on the basis of those audits before the repeal of former Act No. 85 of the Public Acts of 1921 are declared to be valid and to have been in fulfillment of the legislative purpose to provide for fair administration and enforcement of that act.

History: 1978, Act 392, Imd. Eff. Aug. 1, 1978
Mich. Comp. Laws § 600.6071 — MI Code / Chapter 600 / Act Act-236-of-1961 / Section 600.6071
Contribution among several judgment debtors; order of contribution; enforcement; lien of original judgment; affidavit; recording.
Status: in_force

Sec. 6071.

When lands and tenements, in the hands of several persons, are liable to satisfy any judgment, and the whole of such judgment, or more than a due proportion thereof, is levied upon the lands of 1 or more of such persons, the persons so aggrieved, or their personal representatives, may compel a just and equal contribution by all the persons whose lands and tenements ought to contribute to the satisfaction of such judgment.

Such lands and tenements are liable to contribution in the following order:

If they were conveyed by the defendant in the execution, they are liable in succession, commencing with the lands last conveyed;

If they were sold under execution against the defendant, they are also liable in succession, commencing with the lands sold under the last and youngest judgment;

If there be lands so liable, which were conveyed by the defendant in the execution and also lands which have been sold under execution against such defendant, they are respectively liable in succession, according to the order hereinbefore prescribed.

If a complaint is filed to enforce such contribution, the person aggrieved shall be entitled to use the original judgment, and by virtue thereof, to pay the amount which ought to be contributed by the lands and tenements subject to such judgment; and for that purpose, such judgment shall remain a lien and charge upon such lands and tenements, for the term of 5 years after a certified copy thereof shall have been filed and entered in the office of the register of deeds in the county where the lands are situated, to the extent of the sum which ought to be so contributed, notwithstanding such sum or any part thereof, may have been paid by the party seeking such contribution.

But such original judgment does not remain a lien upon any lands, nor are they subject to an execution as herein provided, unless the person aggrieved files for record an affidavit with the register of deeds in whose office a certified copy of such judgment has been recorded, stating the sum paid, and his claim to use such judgment for the reimbursement thereof, or of some portion of the same.

The register of deeds shall record such affidavit and make an entry in the margin of the entry of the certified copy of such judgment, stating the sum so paid, and that such judgment is claimed to be a lien to that amount.

History: 1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963
Mich. Comp. Laws § 333.13501 — MI Code / Chapter 333 / Act Act-368-of-1978 / Section 333.13501
Definitions; principles of construction.
Status: in_force

Sec. 13501.

(1) As used in this part:

(a) "General license" means a license, effective pursuant to rules promulgated by the department without the filing of an application, to transfer, acquire, own, possess, or use quantities of, or devices or equipment utilizing, radioactive material.

(b) "Ionizing radiation" means gamma rays and x-rays, alpha particles, beta particles, high speed electrons, neutrons, protons, high speed ions, and other high speed nuclear particles.

(c) "Mammography" means any of the following:

( i ) Radiography of the breast for the purpose of enabling a physician to determine the presence, size, location, and extent of cancerous or potentially cancerous tissue in the breast.

( ii ) Interventional mammography.

(d) "Person" means a person as that term is defined in section 1106 or a governmental entity.

(e) "Radiation machine" means a machine, other than those exempted by department rule, that emits ionizing radiation.

(f) "Radioactive material" means a solid, liquid, or gas material that emits ionizing radiation spontaneously.

(g) "Radiography" means the making of a film or other record of an internal structure of the body by passing x-rays or gamma rays through the body to act on film or other image receptor.

(h) "Registration" means registration of a source of ionizing radiation in writing with the department.

(i) "Source of ionizing radiation" means a device or material that emits ionizing radiation.

(j) "Specific license" means a license issued to use, manufacture, produce, transfer, receive, acquire, own, or possess quantities of, or devices or equipment utilizing, radioactive material.

(2) In addition, article 1 contains general definitions and principles of construction applicable to all articles in this code.

History: 1978, Act 368, Eff. Sept. 30, 1978; Am. 1989, Act 56, Imd. Eff. June 16, 1989; Am. 1994, Act 100, Imd. Eff. Apr. 18, 1994; Am. 2025, Act 63, Eff. Mar. 24, 2026
Mich. Comp. Laws § 257.44 — MI Code / Chapter 257 / Act Act-300-of-1949 / Section 257.44
“Private driveway” and “private road” defined.
Status: in_force

Sec. 44.

"Private driveway" means any piece of privately owned and maintained property which is used for vehicular traffic, but is not open or normally used by the public.

"Private road" means a privately owned and maintained road, allowing access to more than 1 residence or place of business, which is normally open to the public and upon which persons other than the owners located thereon may also travel.

History: 1949, Act 300, Eff. Sept. 23, 1949; Am. 1974, Act 138, Imd. Eff. June 5, 1974
Mich. Comp. Laws § 66.6 — MI Code / Chapter 61 / Act Act-3-of-1895 / Section 66.6
Violation of ordinance; commencement of prosecution; judicial district; powers of court.
Status: in_force

Sec. 6.

an action for violation of an ordinance shall be commenced not more than 2 years after the violation occurs.

An action for the violation of an ordinance shall be brought in the district court or municipal court in the judicial district in which the village is located unless the person alleged to have violated the ordinance admits responsibility at a parking violations bureau or a municipal ordinance violations bureau as permitted by law. That court may hear, try, and determine causes and actions arising under an ordinance of the village, and impose sanctions for a violation of an ordinance as provided in the ordinance.

History: 1895, Act 3, Imd. Eff. Feb. 19, 1895; CL 1897, 2760; CL 1915, 2631; CL 1929, 1540; CL 1948, 66.6; Am. 1978, Act 189, Imd. Eff. June 4, 1978; Am. 1994, Act 16, Eff. May 1, 1994
Mich. Comp. Laws § 487.3318 — MI Code / Chapter 487 / Act Act-354-of-1996 / Section 487.3318
Records.
Status: in_force

Sec. 318.

Each savings bank shall keep correct and complete books and records of accounts.

Each mutual savings bank shall maintain membership records which shall show the name and address of the member and date of membership.

History: 1996, Act 354, Imd. Eff. July 1, 1996
Mich. Comp. Laws § 750.139 — MI Code / Chapter 750 / Act Act-328-of-1931 / Section 750.139
Child under 18 years of age; confinement; commitment or trial; presence at trial of adults; transportation with adults charged with or convicted of crime; exception; violation as misdemeanor.
Status: in_force

Sec. 139.

(1) Except as provided in subsection (2), a child under 18 years of age while under arrest, confinement, or conviction for a crime must not be placed in an apartment or cell of a prison or place of confinement with 1 or more adults who are under arrest, confinement, or conviction for a crime, be permitted to remain in any court room during the trial of adults, or be transported in a vehicle used to transport inmates with adults charged with or convicted of a crime.

(2) Subsection (1) does not apply to prisoners being transported to or from, or confined in a youth correctional facility operated by the department of corrections or a private vendor under section 20g of the corrections code of 1953, 1953 PA 232, MCL 791.220g.

(3) All cases involving the commitment or trial of children under 18 years of age for any crime or misdemeanor, before any court, must be heard and determined by the court at a suitable time, designated by the court, separate and apart from the trial of other criminal cases.

(4) A person who violates this section is guilty of a misdemeanor.

History: 1931, Act 328, Eff. Sept. 18, 1931; CL 1948, 750.139; Am. 1991, Act 145, Imd. Eff. Nov. 25, 1991; Am. 1998, Act 510, Imd. Eff. Jan. 8, 1999; Am. 2019, Act 104, Eff. Oct. 1, 2021
Mich. Comp. Laws § 41.107 — MI Code / Chapter 41 / Act R-S-of-1846 / Section 41.107
Cemeteries.
Status: in_force

Sec. 107.

Sections 104 to 106 of this chapter shall not apply to a cemetery belonging to a township. Such a cemetery shall belong to the township within which it is situated after a division is made.

History: Add. 1989, Act 77, Imd. Eff. June 20, 1989