FrankGoortani/open-us-law huggingface dataset:
Mich. Comp. Laws § 119.54 — MI Code / Chapter 119 / Act Act-147-of-1939 / Section 119.54
Board of commissioners; election and appointment, term.
Status: in_force

Sec. 4.

The Huron-Clinton metropolitan authority shall be directed and governed by a board of commissioners, 1 to be elected from each county of the metropolitan district by the boards of supervisors of the respective counties, and 2 to be appointed by the governor of Michigan. The elected commissioners shall be electors of their respective counties, and the appointed commissioners shall be electors of the metropolitan district. The appointed commissioners shall serve for 4 year terms or until their successors are appointed, except that for the first board 1 shall be appointed for a 2 year term. The terms of the elected commissioners shall be staggered so that not more than 1 term shall expire in any 1 year, and after the first board no terms shall be less than 6 years. For the first board the terms of the elected commissioners shall be in the order of the populations of the several counties, the commissioner from the most populous county having the longest term.

History: 1939, Act 147, Eff. Jan. 10, 1942; CL 1948, 119.54
Mich. Comp. Laws § 566.1 — MI Code / Chapter 566 / Act Act-238-of-1941 / Section 566.1
Agreements to modify or discharge contracts and obligations valid without consideration.
Status: in_force

Sec. 1.

An agreement hereafter made to change or modify, or to discharge in whole or in part, any contract, obligation, or lease, or any mortgage or other security interest in personal or real property, shall not be invalid because of the absence of consideration: Provided, That the agreement changing, modifying, or discharging such contract, obligation, lease, mortgage or security interest shall not be valid or binding unless it shall be in writing and signed by the party against whom it is sought to enforce the change, modification, or discharge.

History: 1941, Act 238, Eff. Jan. 10, 1942; CL 1948, 566.1
Mich. Comp. Laws § 333.26207 — MI Code / Chapter 333 / Act Act-204-of-1987 / Section 333.26207
Establishment of process permitting municipality to volunteer as host site; minimum requirement; notice; powers and duties of authority; construction of section.
Status: in_force

Sec. 7.

Within 60 days of the effective date of this act, the authority shall establish a process by which a municipality may volunteer to be the host site. At a minimum, the process shall require that in order for a municipality to be considered a volunteer host site community there shall be a majority vote of the governing body of the municipality requesting such consideration.

If the authority receives notice that a governing body of a municipality volunteers as a host site community, the authority shall do both of the following:

Provide the municipality with information about the siting process, including relevant federal and state laws pertaining to the generation, transportation, storage, collection, processing, and disposal of waste.

Provide the municipality with specific criteria and information that the authority must consider with regard to candidate site and host site selection.

If the authority receives notice that a governing body of a municipality volunteers as a host site community, the authority may do 1 or both of the following:

Upon the request of that municipality, provide funding to the municipality in an amount determined by the authority to cover the expense of preparing data that the municipality may wish to submit for the consideration of the authority regarding the selection of the municipality as the host site community.

Provide the municipality with other services or information considered appropriate by the authority.

This section shall not be construed as eliminating or reducing any of the requirements for site selection provided for in this act.

History: 1987, Act 204, Imd. Eff. Dec. 22, 1987
Mich. Comp. Laws § 123.1172 — MI Code / Chapter 123 / Act Act-49-of-2008 / Section 123.1172
Contract; preferences or benefits for residents.
Status: in_force

Sec. 12.

If a majority of electors in the county voting on the question of a tax as provided in section 13 approve the tax, the contract for zoological services between the authority and an accredited zoological institution shall include preferences or benefits for the residents of the county that may include, but are not limited to, any of the following:

(a) Discounted admission fees.

(b) Discounted membership fees.

(c) Discounts for schoolchildren.

(d) Access to educational programs.

History: 2008, Act 49, Imd. Eff. Mar. 27, 2008
Mich. Comp. Laws § 141.1158 — MI Code / Chapter 141 / Act Act-100-of-1990 / Section 141.1158
Legislative intent.
Status: in_force

Sec. 8.

This act is intended to eliminate the confusion surrounding the legal status of Act No. 198 of the Public Acts of 1970 resulting from an opinion of the attorney general regarding the validity of enactment of various public acts, OAG, 1987-1988, No 6438, p 80 (May 21, 1987) and a circuit court decision in the matter of Ace Tex Corp v Detroit rendered on February 2, 1990 (Wayne County Circuit Court Case No. 88-807858-CZ), as to which an appeal is pending, and to resolve legislatively the issues raised by the appeal. Before that circuit court decision, the legislature had been advised by the attorney general's office in May 1987 that legislative action was not necessary to authorize the collection of the city utility users tax after July 1, 1988 under Act No. 198 of the Public Acts of 1970. In light of the circuit court decision of February 2, 1990, which is presently on appeal, it appears that legislative action is advisable to clarify the authorization for and to ratify the collection of the tax from July 1, 1988, to authorize the continued collection of the tax, and to resolve legislatively the issues raised by appeal. The legislature by enactment of this act intends to validate, ratify, and revive effective from July 1, 1988 a city utility users tax. This act is remedial and curative and is intended to revive and assure an uninterrupted continuation of the authority to collect a city utility users tax. The legislature finds the city utility users tax was authorized by law on the date when section 31 of article IX of the state constitution of 1963 was ratified.

History: 1990, Act 100, Imd. Eff. June 13, 1990
Mich. Comp. Laws § 600.8353 — MI Code / Chapter 600 / Act Act-236-of-1961 / Section 600.8353
Civil jury; number; verdict.
Status: in_force

Sec. 8353.

In civil actions in the district court the jury shall consist of 6 persons. The court shall receive the verdict of 5 of such 6 jurors.

History: Add. 1968, Act 154, Imd. Eff. June 17, 1968
Mich. Comp. Laws § 456.110 — MI Code / Chapter 456 / Act Act-12-of-1869 / Section 456.110
Highways, sewers or other public thoroughfares through grounds; right to purchase additional property.
Status: in_force

Sec. 10.

No streets, highways, railways, sewers or canals shall be opened or constructed through the grounds of such corporation, without the assent of the board of directors, granted at a meeting of such board, called for the purpose of considering the propriety of granting such assent: Provided, That such assent shall not be required when lands owned, used or controlled by said corporation are taken under condemnation proceedings by the state, or any county, city or village for the purpose of widening an established street or highway: Provided further, That any such corporation whose property has been so condemned, shall have the right to purchase additional property for cemetery purposes within the corporate limits of any such village or city.

History: 1869, Act 12, Imd. Eff. Feb. 19, 1869; CL 1871, 3417; How. 4772; CL 1897, 8408; CL 1915, 11169; Am. 1921, Act 177, Eff. Aug. 18, 1921; Am. 1925, Act 32, Eff. Aug. 27, 1925; CL 1929, 10449; CL 1948, 456.110
Mich. Comp. Laws § 333.7403a — MI Code / Chapter 333 / Act Act-368-of-1978 / Section 333.7403a
Fraudulently obtaining controlled substance or prescription from health care provider; certain privileges inapplicable to released or available medical records or information; immunity from civil or administrative liability; violation; penalty; probation; screening and assessment by bureau of substance abuse and addiction services; other violations; "health care provider" defined.
Status: in_force

Sec. 7403a.

(1) A person shall not fraudulently obtain or attempt to obtain a controlled substance or a prescription for a controlled substance from a health care provider.

(2) The following privileges do not apply to medical records or information released or made available under subsection (1):

(a) The physician-patient privilege created in section 2157 of the revised judicature act of 1961, 1961 PA 236, MCL 600.2157.

(b) The dentist-patient privilege created in section 16648.

(c) Any other health professional-patient privilege created or recognized by law.

(3) To the extent not protected by the immunity conferred by 1964 PA 170, MCL 691.1401 to 691.1419, an individual who in good faith provides access to medical records or information under this section is immune from civil or administrative liability arising from that conduct, unless the conduct was gross negligence or willful and wanton misconduct.

(4) A person who violates this section is guilty of a crime as follows:

(a) Except as provided in subsection (5), the person is guilty of a felony punishable by imprisonment for not more than 4 years or a fine of not more than $5,000.00, or both.

(5) The court may place a person who has not previously been convicted of violating this section on probation subject to the terms and conditions set forth in section 7411.

(6) The court may order any person convicted of violating this section to undergo screening and assessment by a person or agency designated by the bureau of substance abuse and addiction services, to determine whether the person is likely to benefit from rehabilitative services, including alcohol or drug education and alcohol or drug treatment programs. As part of the sentence imposed under this section, the court may order the person to participate in and successfully complete 1 or more appropriate rehabilitative programs. The person shall pay for the costs of the screening, assessment, and rehabilitative services. Failure to complete a program shall be considered a violation of the terms of the probation.

(7) This section does not prohibit the person from being charged with, convicted of, or sentenced for any other violation of law arising out of the violation of this section.

(8) As used in this section, "health care provider" means that term as defined in section 9206.

History: Add. 2010, Act 354, Imd. Eff. Dec. 22, 2010
Mich. Comp. Laws § 472.101 — MI Code / Chapter 472 / Act Act-67-of-1891 / Section 472.101
Street or electric railway; acquisition of franchise of toll road company; purchase.
Status: in_force

Sec. 1.

That any street or electric railway company of this state may purchase all or any portion of the rights and franchise of any toll road company, in any of the streets, avenues or highways of this state, at a valuation to be agreed upon between the directors of the said electric or street railway companies and the board of directors of said toll or plank road company.

History: 1891, Act 67, Eff. Oct. 2, 1891; CL 1897, 6470; CL 1915, 8568; CL 1929, 11326; CL 1948, 472.101
Mich. Comp. Laws § 447.3 — MI Code / Chapter 447 / Act Act-154-of-1963 / Section 447.3
Foreign trade zones; rules and regulations.
Status: in_force

Sec. 3.

Any public or private corporation, whose application is granted pursuant to the act of congress, may establish, operate and maintain a foreign trade zone subject to the conditions and restrictions of the act of congress and any amendments thereto, and under such rules and regulations and for the period of time that may be prescribed by the board established by the act of congress to carry out the provisions of this act.

History: 1963, Act 154, Eff. Sept. 6, 1963
Mich. Comp. Laws § 408.1125a — MI Code / Chapter 408 / Act Act-10-of-2023 / Section 408.1125a
Prevailing wage fund.
Status: in_force

Sec. 25a.

(1) The prevailing wage fund is created in the state treasury.

(2) The state treasurer shall deposit money and other assets received from fees or fines imposed under this act or from any other source in the fund. The state treasurer shall direct the investment of money in the fund and credit interest and earnings from the investments to the fund.

(3) Money in the fund at the close of the fiscal year does not lapse to the general fund.

(4) The commissioner is the administrator of the fund for audits of the fund.

(5) The commissioner shall expend money from the fund on appropriation only to implement this act.

History: Add. 2024, Act 110, Eff. Apr. 2, 2025
Mich. Comp. Laws § 440.3309 — MI Code / Chapter 440 / Act Act-174-of-1962 / Section 440.3309
Enforcement of instrument in which loss of possession occurred.
Status: in_force

Sec. 3309.

(1) A person not in possession of an instrument is entitled to enforce the instrument if all of the following are met:

(a) The person meets either of the following:

( i ) Was entitled to enforce the instrument when loss of possession occurred.

( ii ) Has directly or indirectly acquired ownership of the instrument from a person that was entitled to enforce the instrument when loss of possession occurred.

(b) The loss of possession was not the result of a transfer by the person or a lawful seizure.

(c) The person cannot reasonably obtain possession of the instrument because the instrument was destroyed, its whereabouts cannot be determined, or it is in the wrongful possession of an unknown person or a person that cannot be found or is not amenable to service of process.

(2) A person seeking enforcement of an instrument under subsection (1) must prove the terms of the instrument and the person's right to enforce the instrument. If that proof is made, section 3308 applies to the case as if the person seeking enforcement had produced the instrument. The court may not enter judgment in favor of the person seeking enforcement unless it finds that the person required to pay the instrument is adequately protected against loss that might occur by reason of a claim by another person to enforce the instrument. Adequate protection may be provided by any reasonable means.

History: Add. 1993, Act 130, Eff. Sept. 30, 1993; Am. 2014, Act 101, Imd. Eff. Apr. 10, 2014
Mich. Comp. Laws § 449.1105 — MI Code / Chapter 449 / Act Act-213-of-1982 / Section 449.1105
Maintenance of office and agent for service of process; resignation of agent; appointment of successor.
Status: in_force

Sec. 105.

Each limited partnership shall continuously maintain in this state both of the following:

An office, which may be but need not be a place of its business in this state, at which shall be kept the records required by section 106 to be maintained.

An agent for service of process on the limited partnership, which agent must be an individual resident of this state, a domestic corporation, or a foreign corporation authorized to do business in this state.

An agent for service of process on a domestic or foreign limited partnership may resign by filing a written notice thereof with a general partner of such domestic or foreign limited partnership and with the administrator. The general partners shall promptly appoint a successor agent and shall promptly cause the certificate of limited partnership to be amended, in the case of a domestic limited partnership, or a certificate pursuant to section 905 to be filed, in the case of a foreign limited partnership, to reflect such appointment. The appointment of the resigning agent terminates upon the ( i ) appointment of a successor and the filing of a certificate of amendment or restated certificate of limited partnership, in the case of a domestic limited partnership, or a certificate pursuant to section 905, in the case of a foreign limited partnership, reflecting such appointment, or ( ii ) expiration of 30 days after receipt of the notice by the administrator, whichever first occurs.

History: 1982, Act 213, Eff. Jan. 1, 1983
Mich. Comp. Laws § 462.245 — MI Code / Chapter 462 / Act Act-354-of-1993 / Section 462.245
Construction of bridges or tunnels; acquisition of right-of-way; issuance and sale of bonds; rights of railroad bridge and railroad tunnel companies.
Status: in_force

Sec. 245.

A railroad bridge or tunnel company organized under this act may construct bridges over or tunnels under the waters of this state to extend the railroad track or tracks which they may lay upon any bridge or through any tunnel which they may construct, so as to connect with any railroad whose business may pass through it, and for that purpose may acquire the right-of-way over or under or across any private property, in the same manner as provided in this act for acquiring the right-of-way for railroads, and, with the authority of the legislative body of any city, may acquire the right to cross and use that portion of any street as may be found necessary.

To raise money for these purposes, a railroad company may issue and sell bonds, and secure their payment by deeds of trust; and for these purposes the railroad bridge companies and railroad tunnel companies shall have the same rights as railroad companies organized under this act.

History: 1993, Act 354, Imd. Eff. Jan. 14, 1994
Mich. Comp. Laws § 324.78111 — MI Code / Chapter 324 / Act Act-451-of-1994 / Section 324.78111
State appropriation as advancement.
Status: in_force

Sec. 78111.

It is the purpose of this part, in providing for harbors and channels, that the appropriation made by the state be considered an advancement, and that the fees, taxes, and other revenues received under this part, to be credited to the waterways account, shall be applied against the advancement, until all advancements have been fully paid. Thereafter, all such fees, taxes, and revenues shall be available for continued expansion and development of harbors and connecting waterways. However, subject to the approval of the state administrative board, the necessary expense of administration of this part, and any expense necessary to the protection of the harbors, and connecting waterways, constructed or established under the provisions of this part, or any improvement to the harbors and connecting waterways necessary for the proper and adequate protecting of vessels, shall be paid from the fees, taxes, and revenues before being credited to the advancements. The state administrative board shall from time to time provide for the transfer of credits to advancements from the waterways account to the general fund, until the advancements have been fully paid.

History: Add. 1995, Act 58, Imd. Eff. May 24, 1995; Am. 2004, Act 587, Eff. Dec. 23, 2006
Mich. Comp. Laws § 460.1323 — MI Code / Chapter 460 / Act Act-365-of-2018 / Section 460.1323
Attaching entity; standards; compliance; rate; civil action.
Status: in_force

Sec. 23.

(1) An attaching entity, and all contractors or parties under its control, shall comply with reliability, safety, and engineering standards adopted by the governing body of a municipally owned electric utility, including, but not limited to, the following:

(a) Applicable engineering and safety standards governing installation, maintenance, and operation of facilities and the performance of work in or around the municipally owned electric utility nonauthority poles and facilities.

(b) The "National Electric Safety Code" published by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers.

(c) Regulations of the United States Occupational Safety and Health Administration.

(d) Other reasonable safety and engineering requirements to which municipally owned electric utility facilities are subject by law.

(2) The governing body of a municipally owned electric utility may require an attaching entity to execute an agreement for wire or cable attachments to nonauthority poles or related infrastructure.

(3) The governing body of a municipally owned electric utility shall not charge an attaching entity a rate for wire or cable pole attachments within the communication space on a nonauthority pole greater than the maximum allowable rate pursuant to 47 USC 224(d) and (e) as established in Federal Communications Commission Order on Reconsideration 15-151.

(4) Subject to section 27, an attaching entity may commence a civil action for injunctive relief for a violation of this section. The attaching entity shall not file an action under this subsection unless the attaching entity has first provided the municipally owned electric utility with a written notice of the intent to sue. Within 30 days after the municipally owned electric utility receives written notice of intent to sue, the municipally owned electric utility and the attaching entity shall meet and make a good-faith attempt to determine if there is a credible basis for the action. If the parties agree that there is a credible basis for the action, the governing body of the municipally owned electric utility shall take all reasonable and prudent steps necessary to comply with the applicable requirements of this section within 90 days after the meeting.

History: 2018, Act 365, Eff. Mar. 12, 2019
Mich. Comp. Laws § 691.1405 — MI Code / Chapter 691 / Act Act-170-of-1964 / Section 691.1405
Government owned vehicles; liability for negligent operation.
Status: in_force

Sec. 5.

Governmental agencies shall be liable for bodily injury and property damage resulting from the negligent operation by any officer, agent, or employee of the governmental agency, of a motor vehicle of which the governmental agency is owner, as defined in Act No. 300 of the Public Acts of 1949, as amended, being sections 257.1 to 257.923 of the Compiled Laws of 1948.

History: 1964, Act 170, Eff. July 1, 1965
Mich. Comp. Laws § 125.990b — MI Code / Chapter 125 / Act Act-120-of-1961 / Section 125.990b
Business improvement zone; establishment within city or village; basis for allocation of assessments.
Status: in_force

Sec. 10b.

(1) One or more business improvement zones may be established within a city or village.

(2) A zone area must be contiguous, with the exception of public streets, alleys, parks, and other public rights-of-way.

(3) A business improvement zone may be established in a city or village even if the city or village has established a principal shopping district or business improvement district under chapter 1. Assessable property must not be included in any of the following:

(a) More than 1 business improvement zone established under this chapter.

(b) Both a principal shopping district and a business improvement district established under chapter 1.

(4) A zone plan may provide for assessments. If a zone plan provides for assessments, the zone plan must include a basis for the allocation of assessments in compliance with section 10h on the basis of 1 or more of the following:

(a) Assessed value.

(b) Taxable value.

(c) Square footage.

(d) Street frontage.

(e) Any other factor relating to assessable property identified in the zone plan.

(5) If the zone plan for a zone area provides a basis for the allocation of assessments on the basis of assessed value, the majority of all properties within the zone area, both by assessed value and square footage, must be assessable property.

(6) If the zone plan for a zone area provides a basis for the allocation of assessments on a basis other than assessed value, the majority of all properties within the zone area, both by taxable value and square footage, must be assessable property.

(7) A zone plan may provide for caps on the assessment amounts paid by an owner of assessable property and for caps on the growth of assessment amounts.

History: Add. 2001, Act 260, Eff. Mar. 1, 2002; Am. 2013, Act 126, Imd. Eff. Oct. 9, 2013; Am. 2020, Act 91, Imd. Eff. June 16, 2020; Am. 2023, Act 79, Eff. Feb. 13, 2024