FrankGoortani/open-us-law huggingface dataset:
Mich. Comp. Laws § 333.26454 — MI Code / Chapter 333 / Act Act-345-of-2014 / Section 333.26454
Outstanding debt related to treatment or lack of insurance; liability of patient's heirs.
Status: in_force

Sec. 4.

If a patient dies while being treated by an investigational drug, biological product, or device, the patient's heirs are not liable for any outstanding debt related to the treatment or lack of insurance due to the treatment.

History: 2014, Act 345, Imd. Eff. Oct. 17, 2014
Mich. Comp. Laws § 38.2747 — MI Code / Chapter 38 / Act Act-77-of-2010 / Section 38.2747
Correction of error by trustees.
Status: in_force

Sec. 17.

If a change or error in any records of the trust results in a member, past member, or his or her dependent paying into or receiving from the trust more or less than the member, past member, or his or her dependent should have paid or would have been entitled to receive had the records been correct, the trustees shall correct the error and, as far as practicable, shall incrementally adjust future payments to correct for the change or error.

History: 2010, Act 77, Imd. Eff. May 19, 2010
Mich. Comp. Laws § 339.2204 — MI Code / Chapter 339 / Act Act-299-of-1980 / Section 339.2204
Applicant for licensure as landscape architect; qualifications.
Status: in_force

Sec. 2204.

An applicant for licensure as a landscape architect shall be of good moral character and shall pass a written examination developed by the department. In addition, each applicant shall have had not less than 7 years of training and experience in the actual implementation and practice of landscape architecture. Satisfactory completion of each year up to 5 years of an accredited course in landscape architecture in an accredited school shall be considered as equivalent to a year of experience.

History: 1980, Act 299, Imd. Eff. Oct. 21, 1980; Am. 1981, Act 83, Imd. Eff. July 1, 1981; Am. 2008, Act 490, Eff. May 13, 2009
Mich. Comp. Laws § 474.52 — MI Code / Chapter 474 / Act Act-295-of-1976 / Section 474.52
Definitions.
Status: in_force

Sec. 2.

As used in this act:

(a) "Bureau" means the bureau of passenger transportation in the department.

(b) "Commuter trail" means a trail, lane, path, road, or other right of way on which motorized vehicles are not permitted and which has the primary or substantial purpose and result of providing a means for people to move from 1 location to another.

(c) "Department" means the state transportation department, the principal department of state government created under section 350 of the executive organization act of 1965, 1965 PA 380, MCL 16.450.

(d) "Federal acts" means the regional rail reorganization act of 1973, 45 USC 701 to 797m; the railroad revitalization and regulatory reform act of 1976, Public Law 94-210; the local rail service assistance act of 1978, section 5, Public Law 89-670; the staggers rail act of 1980, Public Law 96-448; and the northeast rail service act of 1981, subtitle E title XI, Public Law 97-35.

(e) "Recreational trail" means a trail, lane, path, road, or other right of way that because of its scenic, wild, or topographical nature, has as its primary purpose recreational use of the trail itself.

(f) "Street railway" means that term as defined under the nonprofit street railway act, 1867 PA 35, MCL 472.1 to 472.31.

History: 1976, Act 295, Eff. Nov. 15, 1976; Am. 1984, Act 210, Imd. Eff. July 9, 1984; Am. 1998, Act 235, Imd. Eff. July 3, 1998; Am. 2008, Act 488, Imd. Eff. Jan. 12, 2009
Mich. Comp. Laws § Article XI § 7 — MI Code / Chapter 1 / Act CONSTITUTION-OF-MICHIGAN-OF-1963 / Section Article XI § 7
Impeachment of civil officers.
Status: in_force

Sec. 7.

The house of representatives shall have the sole power of impeaching civil officers for corrupt conduct in office or for crimes or misdemeanors, but a majority of the members elected thereto and serving therein shall be necessary to direct an impeachment.

When an impeachment is directed, the house of representatives shall elect three of its members to prosecute the impeachment.

Every impeachment shall be tried by the senate immediately after the final adjournment of the legislature. The senators shall take an oath or affirmation truly and impartially to try and determine the impeachment according to the evidence. When the governor or lieutenant governor is tried, the chief justice of the supreme court shall preside.

No person shall be convicted without the concurrence of two-thirds of the senators elected and serving. Judgment in case of conviction shall not extend further than removal from office, but the person convicted shall be liable to punishment according to law.

No judicial officer shall exercise any of the functions of his office after an impeachment is directed until he is acquitted.

History: Const. 1963, Art. XI, § 7, Eff. Jan. 1, 1964
Mich. Comp. Laws § 141.33 — MI Code / Chapter 141 / Act Act-161-of-1923 / Section 141.33
Sinking fund commissioners; control of fund, application; payment, manner.
Status: in_force

Sec. 3.

The said board of sinking fund commissioners shall have exclusive control of the money of the sinking fund and shall faithfully apply the same whenever possible, or it may appear to the county's interests, to the payment of the principal and interest of the bonded indebtedness of the county, and to no other purpose whatever, excepting as herein otherwise provided. The moneys in the sinking fund and the various accounts thereof shall be held by the county treasurer but no warrant shall be paid from said fund except in compliance with the resolution duly passed by said board of sinking fund commissioners, appearing upon the minutes of said board, and upon a warrant countersigned by the chairman of the board of sinking fund commissioners: Provided, however, That the countersigning of any warrant by the chairman of the board of sinking fund commissioners shall be invalid unless the signature include the designation "chairman of the board of sinking fund commissioners."

History: 1923, Act 161, Eff. Aug. 30, 1923; CL 1929, 1248; CL 1948, 141.33
Mich. Comp. Laws § 259.126 — MI Code / Chapter 259 / Act Act-327-of-1945 / Section 259.126
Airports; acquisition and operation by political subdivisions.
Status: in_force

Sec. 126.

Every political subdivision in this state is hereby authorized through its governing body to acquire property, real and personal, for the purpose of establishing, constructing, and enlarging airports, landing fields and other aeronautical facilities, and to acquire, establish, construct, enlarge, improve, maintain, equip, operate and regulate such airports, landing fields and other aeronautical facilities, and other property incidental to their operation, either within or without the territorial limits of such political subdivision, and within or without the state of Michigan, in the manner provided by the laws of this state for the acquisition of real property for public purposes. Acquisition may be by purchase, lease, gift, condemnation or dedication: Provided, That, except with respect to the enlargement of existing airports, landing fields and other aeronautical facilities, a verdict of necessity in any condemnation case pending on the effective date of this act, or hereafter instituted pursuant to the provisions of this section, shall not be rendered by the condemnation jury, in case the proposed site is wholly or partially located within a charter township of more than 35,000 population according to the latest census or is wholly or partially located within a political subdivision next adjoining such charter township and the proposed site is located in a county other than that in which the condemning authority is situated, until such time as evidence is presented to the court showing that the board of supervisors of the county within which the proposed site is wholly or partially located and the board of supervisors of the county within which the adjoining political subdivision is located have approved the acquisition and condemnation of such property for such purposes by a majority vote of its members elect.

History: 1945, Act 327, Imd. Eff. May 28, 1945; CL 1948, 259.126; Am. 1953, Act 39, Imd. Eff. May 3, 1953
Mich. Comp. Laws § 450.1327 — MI Code / Chapter 450 / Act Act-284-of-1972 / Section 450.1327
Expenses of organization and reorganization; expenses of sale or underwriting of shares.
Status: in_force

Sec. 327.

The reasonable charges and expenses of organization or reorganization of a corporation, and the reasonable expenses of and compensation for the sale or underwriting of its shares, may be paid or allowed by the corporation out of the consideration received by it in payment for its shares without thereby rendering the shares not fully paid or assessable.

History: 1972, Act 284, Eff. Jan. 1, 1973
Mich. Comp. Laws § 460.832 — MI Code / Chapter 460 / Act Act-448-of-1976 / Section 460.832
Board of commissioners; appointment and term of commissioners.
Status: in_force

Sec. 32.

The joint agency shall be governed by a board of commissioners appointed by the respective governing bodies of the municipalities which are members of the joint agency. The governing body of each member municipality shall, by resolution, appoint 1 commissioner who, at the discretion of the governing body, may be an officer or an employee of the municipality. Each commissioner shall serve at the pleasure of the governing body by which he was appointed.

History: 1976, Act 448, Imd. Eff. Jan. 13, 1977
Mich. Comp. Laws § 280.534 — MI Code / Chapter 280 / Act Act-40-of-1956 / Section 280.534
Deputy for director of agriculture; powers.
Status: in_force

Sec. 534.

The director of agriculture may designate a deputy or an assistant to act in his stead in respect to the performance of his duties under this act. Where any deputy or assistant so acts, it shall be conclusively presumed that he was properly designated by the director of agriculture. Any official proceedings may be signed by such deputy or assistant in his own name. The signature of such deputy or assistant shall be followed by his official title. Where a deputy or assistant has been designated by the director of agriculture to act in his stead in connection with all the proceedings as to any project, then any notice required to be served upon or mailed to the director of agriculture may be served upon or mailed to such deputy or assistant. The director of agriculture is hereby empowered to appoint a deputy who shall have power to act in his place under any and all circumstances in respect to matters within the scope of this act, irrespective of whether or not he is authorized to appoint a general deputy.

History: 1956, Act 40, Imd. Eff. Mar. 28, 1956
Mich. Comp. Laws § 441.103 — MI Code / Chapter 441 / Act Act-239-of-1959 / Section 441.103
Fiduciary security transfers; assignment by fiduciary.
Status: in_force

Sec. 3.

Except as otherwise provided in this act, a corporation or transfer agent making a transfer of a security pursuant to an assignment by a fiduciary:

May assume without inquiry that the assignment, even though to the fiduciary himself or to his nominee, is within his authority and capacity and is not in breach of his fiduciary duties;

May assume without inquiry that the fiduciary has complied with any controlling instrument and with the law of the jurisdiction governing the fiduciary relationship, including any law requiring the fiduciary to obtain court approval of the transfer; and

Is not charged with notice of and is not bound to obtain or examine any court record or any recorded or unrecorded document relating to the fiduciary relationship or the assignment, even though the record or document is in its possession.

History: 1959, Act 239, Eff. Mar. 19, 1960
Mich. Comp. Laws § 450.1107 — MI Code / Chapter 450 / Act Act-284-of-1972 / Section 450.1107
Definitions; F to I.
Status: in_force

Sec. 107.

"Foreign corporation" means a corporation for profit formed under laws other than the laws of this state, which includes in its purposes a purpose for which a corporation may be formed under this act.

"Foreign nonprofit corporation" means a corporation organized under laws other than the laws of this state, which includes in its purposes a purpose for which a corporation may be organized under the nonprofit corporation act, Act No. 162 of the Public Acts of 1982, being sections 450.2101 to 450.3192 of the Michigan Compiled Laws.

"Independent director" means a director who meets all of the following requirements:

Is elected by the shareholders.

Is designated as an independent director by the board or the shareholders.

Has at least 5 years of business, legal, or financial experience, or other equivalent experience. For a corporation with securities registered under section 12 of the securities exchange act of 1934, chapter 404, 48 Stat. 881, 15 U.S.C. 78L, "experience" shall mean experience as a senior executive, director, or attorney, or other equivalent experience, for a corporation with registered securities.

Is not and during the 3 years prior to being designated as an independent director has not been any of the following:

An officer or employee of the corporation or any affiliate of the corporation.

Engaged in any business transaction for profit or series of transactions for profit, including banking, legal, or consulting services, involving more than $10,000.00 with the corporation or any affiliate of the corporation.

An affiliate, executive officer, general partner, or member of the immediate family of any person that had the status or engaged in a transaction described in subparagraph ( i ) or ( ii ).

Does not propose to enter into a relationship or transaction described in subdivision (d)( i ) through ( iii ).

Does not have an aggregate of more than 3 years of service as a director of the corporation, whether or not as an independent director.

History: 1972, Act 284, Eff. Jan. 1, 1973; Am. 1989, Act 121, Eff. Oct. 1, 1989
Mich. Comp. Laws § 125.2330f — MI Code / Chapter 125 / Act Act-96-of-1987 / Section 125.2330f
Filing surrendered certificate of title; maintaining file for period of 10 years.
Status: in_force

Sec. 30f.

The department shall retain and appropriately file every surrendered certificate of title. The file shall be maintained so as to permit the tracing of title of the mobile home designated in a surrendered certificate for a period of 10 years.

History: 1987, Act 96, Imd. Eff. July 6, 1987
Mich. Comp. Laws § 324.30905 — MI Code / Chapter 324 / Act Act-451-of-1994 / Section 324.30905
Preliminary costs; revolving funds; assessments.
Status: in_force

Sec. 30905.

The county board of commissioners may provide for a revolving fund to pay for the preliminary costs of improvement projects within the county. The preliminary costs shall be assessed to the property owners in the assessment district by the lake board after notice of the hearing is given pursuant to Act No. 162 of the Public Acts of 1962, being sections 211.741 to 211.746 of the Michigan Compiled Laws, and shall be repaid to the fund where the project is not finally constructed.

History: Add. 1995, Act 59, Imd. Eff. May 24, 1995
Mich. Comp. Laws § 500.2411 — MI Code / Chapter 500 / Act Act-218-of-1956 / Section 500.2411
Rates and rating systems; classifications; merit rating plan; use of single enterprise rule or similar rule prohibited.
Status: in_force

Sec. 2411.

Rates and rating systems used by any insurer with regard to worker's compensation insurance within this state shall conform to the applicable requirements of this section.

Classifications used by an insurer shall be based upon 1 or more of the following:

The industry group to which an employer belongs.

Similarity of expected losses as reflected by similarities in pure premium and similarities in operations of employers insured.

Similarity of risk of compensable injury as reflected by the type of work performed by employees.

Other factors that would encourage innovation and would encourage insurers to minimize the risk of loss from hazards insured against and would be consistent with both the statistical plan approved by the commissioner and the purposes of this chapter.

Each insurer shall establish a merit rating plan for worker's compensation insurance whereby an insured's premium is modified either prospectively or retrospectively. The plans required under this subsection shall provide for premium surcharges or credits based upon loss experience within a specified period or other factors which are reasonably related to risk of loss. The plan shall provide for sufficient premium differentials so as to encourage safety and adequately reward employers without a claim during the merit rating period. The sensitivity of a rating system may vary by size of the risk involved.

The single enterprise rule or similar rule requiring a worker's compensation insured to be classified according to the entire business in which the insured is engaged shall not be used. Upon request of an insured, an insurer shall classify employees in separate operations of a business in different classifications consistent with the insurers' rate system filing if payroll information is supplied to the insurer for each operation requested to be in a separate classification.

History: Add. 1982, Act 8, Eff. Jan. 1, 1983
Mich. Comp. Laws § 388.1694e — MI Code / Chapter 388 / Act Act-94-of-1979 / Section 388.1694e
Michigan Education Research Institute; state's education goals.
Status: in_force

Sec. 94e.

(1) From the state school aid fund money appropriated under section 11, there is allocated for 2025-2026 only an amount not to exceed $1,000,000.00 for support of the Michigan Education Research Institute.

(2) Funding allocated under this section must be distributed to the University of Michigan's Michigan Education Data Center and Michigan State University's Education Policy Innovation Center for the purpose of working collaboratively with the department, the department of lifelong education, advancement, and potential, and the center to build and maintain a research ready dataset, and to conduct research of critical importance to the state's education goals.

(3) The Michigan Education Research Institute shall use funds received under this section for the purpose of expanding on research that includes, but is not limited to, all the following:

(a) Educator shortage.

(b) Early literacy initiative outcomes.

(c) Early childhood development programming outcomes.

(4) Notwithstanding section 17b, the department shall make payments under this section on a schedule determined by the department.

History: Add. 2024, Act 120, Eff. Oct. 1, 2024; Am. 2025, Act 15, Imd. Eff. Oct. 7, 2025
Mich. Comp. Laws § 168.722 — MI Code / Chapter 168 / Act Act-116-of-1954 / Section 168.722
Polls; announcement of opening and closing.
Status: in_force

Sec. 722.

The chairman or an inspector designated by him shall announce to those present at the polling places, the opening of the polls and the closing of the polls.

History: 1954, Act 116, Eff. June 1, 1955; Am. 1963, Act 224, Eff. Sept. 6, 1963
Mich. Comp. Laws § 125.543 — MI Code / Chapter 125 / Act Act-167-of-1917 / Section 125.543
Adoption of housing law not required.
Status: in_force

Sec. 143.

Nothing herein contained shall require any city, village or township to adopt Act No. 167 of the Public Acts of 1917, as amended, being the housing law of Michigan.

History: Add. 1969, Act 61, Eff. Sept. 1, 1969
Mich. Comp. Laws § 554.639 — MI Code / Chapter 554 / Act Act-454-of-1978 / Section 554.639
Waiver prohibited.
Status: in_force

Sec. 9.

The requirements of this act may not be waived.

History: 1978, Act 454, Eff. July 1, 1979
Mich. Comp. Laws § 700.3204 — MI Code / Chapter 700 / Act Act-386-of-1998 / Section 700.3204
Representation by conservator or guardian; appointment without priority; applicability of section and MCL 700.3203 to a general or successor personal representative.
Status: in_force

Sec. 3204.

(1) A conservator of a protected individual's estate or, if there is no conservator, a guardian of a minor or legally incapacitated individual may exercise the same right to nominate, to object to another's appointment, or to participate in determining the preference of a majority in interest of the devisees and heirs that the protected individual or ward would have if qualified for appointment.

(2) Except as provided in sections 3308(1)(f) and 3310, a person who does not have priority prescribed in section 3203(1)(a) to (f), including priority resulting from renunciation or nomination determined under this section or section 3203, shall be appointed only in a formal proceeding. The state or county public administrator must be appointed only in a formal proceeding. Before appointing the state or county public administrator or any other person without priority, the court shall determine that persons having priority have been notified of the proceedings and have failed to request appointment or to nominate another person for appointment, and that administration is necessary.

(3) A person is not qualified to serve as a personal representative if the person is either under the age of 18 or is a person whom the court finds unsuitable in formal proceedings.

(4) A personal representative appointed by a court of the decedent's domicile has priority over all other persons except if the decedent's will nominates different persons to be personal representatives in this state and in the state of domicile. The domiciliary personal representative may nominate another person, who then has the same priority as the domiciliary personal representative.

(5) This section and section 3203 govern priority for appointment of a general personal representative or successor personal representative, but do not apply to the selection of a special personal representative.

History: 1998, Act 386, Eff. Apr. 1, 2000; Am. 2000, Act 54, Eff. Apr. 1, 2000; Am. 2018, Act 13, Eff. May 7, 2018; Am. 2020, Act 59, Imd. Eff. Mar. 10, 2020
Mich. Comp. Laws § 259.432 — MI Code / Chapter 259 / Act Act-23-of-1950-Ex-Sess- / Section 259.432
Airport; publicly owned; definitions.
Status: in_force

Sec. 2.

The term "airport", when used in this act means any location which is used for the landing or taking off of aircraft, which provides facilities for the shelter, supply or care of aircraft, or for receiving or discharging passengers or cargo, and all appurtenant areas used or acquired for airport buildings or other airport facilities, and all appurtenant rights-of-way, either heretofore or hereafter established. An airport is "publicly owned" if the portion thereof used for the landing and taking off of aircraft is owned, operated, controlled, leased to or leased by the United States, any agency or department thereof, this state or any municipality or other political subdivision of this state, or any other governing body, public agency or other public corporation.

History: 1950, Ex. Sess., Act 23, Imd. Eff. June 7, 1950
Mich. Comp. Laws § 767.54 — MI Code / Chapter 760 / Act Act-175-of-1927 / Section 767.54
Indictment; ownership; allegation; proof.
Status: in_force

Sec. 54.

The indictment need not allege the ownership of any property unless such ownership is necessary to indicate the offense. Proof of possession or right of possession or lien or special property in the person alleged to be the owner shall be sufficient to sustain an allegation of ownership in such person.

History: 1927, Act 175, Eff. Sept. 5, 1927; CL 1929, 17268; CL 1948, 767.54