FrankGoortani/open-us-law huggingface dataset:
Mich. Comp. Laws § 486.12 — MI Code / Chapter 486 / Act Act-232-of-1863 / Section 486.12
Mortgage lien; foreclosure.
Status: in_force

Sec. 12.

Such mortgage-lien created as aforesaid shall be in the nature of a mortgage on real estate, and may be foreclosed and collected the same as a mortgage is now enforced and collected in equity, and shall be subject to all laws of this state in relation to the foreclosure and satisfaction of mortgages in chancery, as near as may be. All suits commenced for the foreclosure, collection, and satisfaction of such mortgage-lien shall be in the corporate name of such association.

History: 1863, Act 232, Eff. June 22, 1863; Am. 1871, Act 90, Imd. Eff. Apr. 12, 1871; CL 1871, 2756; How. 3885; CL 1897, 6778; CL 1915, 8878; CL 1929, 11813; CL 1948, 486.12
Mich. Comp. Laws § 324.82120 — MI Code / Chapter 324 / Act Act-451-of-1994 / Section 324.82120
Supervision of child less than 12 years of age; exception; conditions for operation of snowmobile by person 12 but less than 17 years of age; snowmobile safety certificate; crossing highway or street; duty of snowmobile owner; report of violation; suspension of certificate.
Status: in_force

Sec. 82120.

A parent or legal guardian shall not permit his or her child who is less than 12 years of age to operate a snowmobile without the direct supervision of an adult except on land owned or under the control of the parent or legal guardian.

A person who is at least 12 but less than 17 years of age may operate a snowmobile if 1 of the following conditions exist:

The person is under the direct supervision of a person who is 21 years of age or older.

The person has in his or her immediate possession a snowmobile safety certificate issued pursuant to a program conducted under section 82107.

The person is on land owned or under the control of his or her parent or legal guardian.

The person possesses a snowmobile safety certificate issued to the person under the authority of a law of another state or province of Canada.

A person who is operating a snowmobile pursuant to subsection (2)(b) shall present the snowmobile safety certificate to any peace officer upon demand.

Notwithstanding section 82119, an operator who is less than 12 years of age shall not cross a highway or street. An operator who is at least 12 years of age but less than 17 years of age may cross a highway or street only if he or she has a valid snowmobile safety certificate in his or her immediate possession.

The owner of a snowmobile shall not permit the snowmobile to be operated contrary to this section.

When the judge of a juvenile court determines that a person who is less than 17 years of age has violated this part, the judge shall immediately report the determination to the department. The department upon receiving a notice of a determination pursuant to this subsection may suspend the snowmobile safety certificate without a hearing.

History: Add. 1995, Act 58, Imd. Eff. May 24, 1995
Mich. Comp. Laws § 46.75 — MI Code / Chapter 46 / Act Act-58-of-1909 / Section 46.75
Appeal; parties to proceeding, affidavit of interest; recoveries; costs, attorney fees.
Status: in_force

Sec. 5.

When an appeal is taken by a person, firm or corporation not a party to the proceeding before the board of supervisors or board of county auditors, such appeal may upon motion be dismissed, unless such person, firm or corporation shall file with the clerk of said circuit court an affidavit setting forth that the said appellant has an interest in the matter and is aggrieved by the decision of the auditing board, and alleging explicitly the nature of the interest. If upon appeal the claimant shall recover anything in addition to the amount allowed by the board of supervisors or board of county auditors, costs shall be granted the claimant regardless of the amount so recovered. If nothing shall be allowed in addition to the amount authorized by the auditing board, the defendant shall have costs. If the appeal is from the action of the board of supervisors or the board of county auditors allowing a part of a claim, the court may examine all the items thereof and give the defendant the benefit of the aggregate amount allowed thereon, and if it shall appear that the appellant or claimant has been allowed all that he is entitled to, he shall be entitled to judgment for that amount, and the defendant shall recover costs: Provided, That a term fee or attorney fee shall not be allowed in any case.

History: 1909, Act 58, Eff. Sept. 1, 1909; CL 1915, 2303; CL 1929, 1190; CL 1948, 46.75
Mich. Comp. Laws § 440.4957 — MI Code / Chapter 440 / Act Act-174-of-1962 / Section 440.4957
Rights and obligations of parties; application of choice of law.
Status: in_force

Sec. 4A507.

The following rules apply unless the affected parties otherwise agree or subsection (3) applies:

The rights and obligations between the sender of a payment order and the receiving bank are governed by the law of the jurisdiction in which the receiving bank is located.

The rights and obligations between the beneficiary's bank and the beneficiary are governed by the law of the jurisdiction in which the beneficiary's bank is located.

The issue of when payment is made pursuant to a funds transfer by the originator to the beneficiary is governed by the law of the jurisdiction in which the beneficiary's bank is located.

If the parties described in each subdivision of subsection (1) have made an agreement selecting the law of a particular jurisdiction to govern rights and obligations between each other, the law of that jurisdiction governs those rights and obligations, whether or not the payment order or the funds transfer bears a reasonable relation to that jurisdiction.

A funds-transfer system rule may select the law of a particular jurisdiction to govern ( i ) rights and obligations between participating banks with respect to payment orders transmitted or processed through the system, or ( ii ) the rights and obligations of some or all parties to a funds transfer any part of which is carried out by means of the system. A choice of law made pursuant to clause ( i ) is binding on participating banks. A choice of law made pursuant to clause ( ii ) is binding on the originator, other sender, or a receiving bank having notice that the funds-transfer system might be used in the funds transfer and of the choice of law by the system when the originator, other sender, or receiving bank issued or accepted a payment order. The beneficiary of a funds transfer is bound by the choice of law if, when the funds transfer is initiated, the beneficiary has notice that the funds-transfer system might be used in the funds transfer and of the choice of law by the system. The law of a jurisdiction selected pursuant to this subsection may govern, whether or not that law bears a reasonable relation to the matter in issue.

In the event of inconsistency between an agreement under subsection (2) and a choice-of-law rule under subsection (3), the agreement under subsection (2) prevails.

If a funds transfer is made by use of more than 1 funds-transfer system and there is inconsistency between choice-of-law rules of the systems, the matter in issue is governed by the law of the selected jurisdiction that has the most significant relationship to the matter in issue.

History: Add. 1992, Act 100, Imd. Eff. June 25, 1992
Mich. Comp. Laws § 38.19b — MI Code / Chapter 38 / Act Act-240-of-1943 / Section 38.19b
Right to retire and receive retirement allowance computed under MCL 38.20(1); application period; requirements; payment for accumulated sick leave in 60 monthly installments.
Status: in_force

Sec. 19b.

Notwithstanding section 19, a member may retire and receive a retirement allowance computed under section 20(1) if the member meets all of the following requirements:

On the effective date of his or her retirement, the member has met the service requirements to receive a retirement allowance under this act, the member's combined age and amount of credited service is equal to or greater than 70 years, and the member is 50 years of age or older.

The member was employed by this state for the 6-month period ending on the effective date of his or her retirement. A member who was restored to active service during that 6-month period under section 33 or a member who is on layoff status from state employment is considered to have met the employment requirement of this subdivision.

The member files a written application with the retirement board, on or after September 1, 1991, but not later than March 1, 1992, stating a date, which date shall be 30 to 90 days after the execution and filing of the application but not later than April 1, 1992, on which he or she desires to retire.

Any amount that a member retiring under this section would otherwise be entitled to receive in a lump sum at retirement on account of accumulated sick leave shall be paid in 60 consecutive equal monthly installments.

History: Add. 1991, Act 62, Imd. Eff. June 27, 1991
Mich. Comp. Laws § 440.4702 — MI Code / Chapter 440 / Act Act-174-of-1962 / Section 440.4702
Authorized payment order; verification by security procedure; determination of commercial reasonableness; “sender” defined; applicability of section to amendments and cancellations of payment orders; agreement to vary rights and obligations prohibited.
Status: in_force

Sec. 4A202.

A payment order received by the receiving bank is the authorized order of the person identified as sender if that person authorized the order or is otherwise bound by it under the law of agency.

If a bank and its customer have agreed that the authenticity of payment orders issued to the bank in the name of the customer as sender will be verified pursuant to a security procedure, a payment order received by the receiving bank is effective as the order of the customer, whether or not authorized, if ( i ) the security procedure is a commercially reasonable method of providing security against unauthorized payment orders, and ( ii ) the bank proves that it accepted the payment order in good faith and in compliance with the security procedure and any written agreement or instruction of the customer restricting acceptance of payment orders issued in the name of the customer. The bank is not required to follow an instruction that violates a written agreement with the customer or notice of which is not received at a time and in a manner affording the bank a reasonable opportunity to act on it before the payment order is accepted.

Commercial reasonableness of a security procedure is a question of law to be determined by considering the wishes of the customer expressed to the bank, the circumstances of the customer known to the bank, including the size, type, and frequency of payment orders normally issued by the customer to the bank, alternative security procedures offered to the customer, and security procedures in general use by customers and receiving banks similarly situated. A security procedure is deemed to be commercially reasonable if ( i ) the security procedure was chosen by the customer after the bank offered, and the customer refused, a security procedure that was commercially reasonable for that customer, and ( ii ) the customer expressly agreed in writing to be bound by any payment order, whether or not authorized, issued in its name and accepted by the bank in compliance with the security procedure chosen by the customer.

The term "sender" in this article includes the customer in whose name a payment order is issued if the order is the authorized order of the customer under subsection (1), or it is effective as the order of the customer under subsection (2).

This section applies to amendments and cancellations of payment orders to the same extent it applies to payment orders.

Except as provided in this section and in section 4A203(1)(a), rights and obligations arising under this section or section 4A203 may not be varied by agreement.

History: Add. 1992, Act 100, Imd. Eff. June 25, 1992
Mich. Comp. Laws § 393.505 — MI Code / Chapter 393 / Act Act-204-of-1982 / Section 393.505
Arrest of deaf or deaf-blind person; procuring interpreter; inadmissibility of statements made without interpreter.
Status: in_force

Sec. 5.

(1) If a deaf or deaf-blind person is arrested and taken into custody for any alleged violation of a criminal law of this state, the arresting officer and the officer's supervisor shall procure a qualified interpreter in order to properly interrogate the deaf or deaf-blind person and to interpret the deaf or deaf-blind person's statements.

(2) A statement taken from a deaf or deaf-blind person before a qualified interpreter is present is not admissible in court.

History: 1982, Act 204, Imd. Eff. July 1, 1982; Am. 2007, Act 23, Imd. Eff. June 28, 2007
Mich. Comp. Laws § 330.1832 — MI Code / Chapter 330 / Act Act-258-of-1974 / Section 330.1832
Ability to pay; utilization of inappropriate income figure; notice of right to request new determination; basis of determination.
Status: in_force

Sec. 832.

The department and community mental health services programs shall inform responsible parties whose ability to pay was determined under section 818 that if they believe that the income figure being utilized to determine their ability to pay is not appropriate to their current income status or does not appropriately reflect their ability to pay, they may request the department or community mental health services program to make a new determination of ability to pay, and the department or community mental health services program shall be required to do so. If a responsible party has stated that the income figure being utilized is not appropriate to his or her current income status, the department or community mental health services program shall make a new determination of ability to pay based on the responsible party's current annualized Michigan taxable income. If this is not available, other documentation of income as described in section 818(1)(b) shall be used. If a responsible party has stated that the income figure being utilized does not appropriately reflect his or her ability to pay, the department or community mental health services program shall make a new determination of ability to pay based on a consideration of the responsible party's total financial situation as described in section 819. In neither instance, however, shall the new determination of ability to pay be for an amount greater than the original determination.

History: 1974, Act 258, Eff. Nov. 6, 1974; Am. 1995, Act 290, Eff. Mar. 28, 1996
Mich. Comp. Laws § 436.1903b — MI Code / Chapter 436 / Act Act-58-of-1998 / Section 436.1903b
Payment by means dishonored by financial institution; violation of act; administrative fee.
Status: in_force

Sec. 903b.

(1) A retailer violates this act if the retailer or the retailer's clerk, servant, agent, or employee makes a payment to a wholesaler by any means that has been dishonored by a financial institution for any reason.

(2) A wholesaler shall require a retailer that has made a payment to the wholesaler that has been dishonored by a financial institution to pay the wholesaler an administrative fee as follows:

(a) For the first dishonored payment, $50.00.

(b) For a second dishonored payment within 12 months of the first dishonored payment, $100.00.

(c) For a third dishonored payment within 12 months of the first dishonored payment, $150.00.

(d) For a fourth dishonored payment within 12 months of the first dishonored payment, $200.00.

(e) For a fifth or any subsequent dishonored payment within 12 months of the first dishonored payment, $250.00.

History: Add. 2016, Act 434, Imd. Eff. Jan. 4, 2017; Am. 2025, Act 65, Imd. Eff. Dec. 23, 2025
Mich. Comp. Laws § 445.813 — MI Code / Chapter 445 / Act Act-98-of-1988 / Section 445.813
Applicability of act.
Status: in_force

Sec. 3.

This act shall not apply to an owner, publisher, printer, agent, or employee of a newspaper or other publication, periodical, circular, including those circulars prepared for national distribution, or outdoor advertising or of a radio or television station, who publishes, causes to be published, or takes part in the publication of an advertisement in violation of this act unless done with actual knowledge of the violation of this act.

This act shall not apply to a mail order business.

History: 1988, Act 98, Imd. Eff. Apr. 11, 1988
Mich. Comp. Laws § 780.781a — MI Code / Chapter 780 / Act Act-87-of-1985 / Section 780.781a
Duty to provide notice to victim; furnishing information or records; exception for address confidentiality program.
Status: in_force

Sec. 31a.

(1) The duty under this article and under section 24 of article I of the state constitution of 1963 of a court, the department of corrections, the department of health and human services, a county sheriff, or a prosecuting attorney to provide a notice to a victim also applies if the case against the defendant is resolved by assignment of the defendant to trainee status, by a delayed sentence or deferred judgment of guilt, or in another way that is not an acquittal or unconditional dismissal. In performing a duty under this article or under section 24 of article I of the state constitution of 1963, the court, department of corrections, department of health and human services, county sheriff, or prosecuting attorney may furnish information or records to the victim that would otherwise be closed to public inspection, including information or records described in section 14 of chapter II of the code of criminal procedure, 1927 PA 175, MCL 762.14.

(2) In performing a duty to provide notice by mail under this article or under section 24 of article I of the state constitution of 1963, the court, department of corrections, department of health and human services, county sheriff, or prosecuting attorney shall mail the notice to the address provided by the victim, except as otherwise provided under section 11 of the address confidentiality program act. If the victim is a program participant as that term is defined in section 3 of the address confidentiality program act, the victim may provide the address designated by the department of the attorney general.

History: Add. 2006, Act 461, Eff. Jan. 1, 2007; Am. 2020, Act 278, Imd. Eff. Dec. 29, 2020
Mich. Comp. Laws § 38.83 — MI Code / Chapter 38 / Act Act-4-of-1937-Ex-Sess- / Section 38.83
Controlling board; statements of performance and notices of dismissal; issuance to probationary teachers.
Status: in_force

Sec. 3.

(1) Before the end of each school year, the controlling board shall provide the probationary teacher with a definite written statement as to whether or not his or her work has been effective. Subject to subsection (2), a probationary teacher or teacher not on continuing contract shall be employed for the ensuing year unless notified in writing at least 15 days before the end of the school year that his or her services will be discontinued.

(2) A teacher who is in a probationary period may be dismissed from his or her employment by the controlling board at any time.

History: 1937, Ex. Sess., Act 4, Eff. Sept. 1, 1937; CL 1948, 38.83; Am. 1967, Act 216, Imd. Eff. July 10, 1967; Am. 2011, Act 101, Imd. Eff. July 19, 2011
Mich. Comp. Laws § 205.737a — MI Code / Chapter 205 / Act Act-186-of-1973 / Section 205.737a
Extension of deadline for filing certain 2020 property tax appeals.
Status: in_force

Sec. 37a.

A petitioner shall have until August 31, 2020 to file any property tax appeal provided for under section 35a or 62 if the filing deadline otherwise provided for that appeal under this act or other law is any day after May 27, 2020 and before September 1, 2020. As used in this section, "petitioner" means a party who files a petition in the tribunal.

History: Add. 2020, Act 88, Imd. Eff. June 11, 2020
Mich. Comp. Laws § 443.55 — MI Code / Chapter 443 / Act Act-303-of-1909 / Section 443.55
Warehouse receipts; negotiation by depositor without title, penalty.
Status: in_force

Sec. 55.

Any person who deposits goods to which he has not title, or upon which there is a lien or mortgage, and who takes for such goods a negotiable receipt which he afterwards negotiates for value with intent to deceive and without disclosing his want of title or the existence of the lien or mortgage, shall be guilty of a crime, and upon conviction shall be punished for each offense by imprisonment not exceeding 1 year, or by a fine not exceeding 1,000 dollars, or by both.

History: 1909, Act 303, Eff. Sept. 1, 1909; CL 1915, 6617; CL 1929, 9618; CL 1948, 443.55
Mich. Comp. Laws § 570.545 — MI Code / Chapter 570 / Act Act-481-of-2002 / Section 570.545
Transfer of rights to end user; notice; waiting period.
Status: in_force

Sec. 5.

After the expiration of the 3-year period set forth in section 3, if an end user chooses to have all rights, title, and interest in a special tool transferred to the end user by operation of law, the end user shall send written notice by registered mail, return receipt requested, to an address designated in writing by the customer, or if not so designated, to the customer's last known address, indicating that the end user intends to terminate the customer's rights, title, and interest in the special tool, by having all rights, title, and interest in the special tool transferred to the end user by operation of law, under this act.

History: 2002, Act 481, Imd. Eff. June 27, 2002
Mich. Comp. Laws § 486.310 — MI Code / Chapter 486 / Act Act-113-of-1869 / Section 486.310
Capital stock; subscriptions, calling in; sale, procedure, proceeds; rights of purchaser.
Status: in_force

Sec. 10.

The directors may call in subscriptions to the capital stock of such corporation, by installment, in such portions as they deem best, by giving notice thereof as provided by the by-laws; and in case any stockholder refuses or neglects to pay any such installment for the space of 60 days after the same shall have become due and payable, and after he shall have been notified thereof, the stock of any such delinquent stockholder may be sold, by order of the directors, at public auction at the office of said company, after 30 days' notice, published in some newspaper in the county where the corporation is located; and the proceeds of said sale shall be first applied in the payment of the installment called for, and the expense on the same, and the residue shall be refunded to the former owner thereof, and such sale shall entitle the purchaser to all the privileges of a stockholder to the extent of the share so bought.

History: 1869, Act 113, Imd. Eff. Apr. 3, 1869; CL 1871, 3364; How. 3119; CL 1897, 8509; CL 1915, 11291; CL 1929, 11884; CL 1948, 486.310
Mich. Comp. Laws § 324.32608 — MI Code / Chapter 324 / Act Act-451-of-1994 / Section 324.32608
Application for submerged log removal permit; hearing.
Status: in_force

Sec. 32608.

The department may hold a public hearing on an application for a submerged log removal permit if the department desires additional information before making a decision on the permit application, or upon request, if such request is made within the public notice period.

An applicant for a submerged log removal permit or a riparian owner who is aggrieved by an action or inaction of the department under this part may request a formal hearing on the matter, pursuant to the administrative procedures act of 1969, 1969 PA 306, MCL 24.201 to 24.328, within 60 days of the notice of the department's decision.

History: Add. 2000, Act 278, Imd. Eff. July 10, 2000
Mich. Comp. Laws § 247.458 — MI Code / Chapter 247 / Act Act-59-of-1915 / Section 247.458
Record of proceedings; supplies.
Status: in_force

Sec. 58.

The county road commissioners, or the state highway commissioner, shall procure record books, and keep a record of all the proceedings had under this act, and they shall procure the necessary stationery and supplies, which expense shall be paid by the county, or by the state as the case may be.

History: 1915, Act 59, Eff. Aug. 24, 1915; CL 1915, 4728; Am. 1917, Act 125, Imd. Eff. Apr. 25, 1917; CL 1929, 4373; CL 1948, 247.458