FrankGoortani/open-us-law huggingface dataset:
Mich. Comp. Laws § 600.2913 — MI Code / Chapter 600 / Act Act-236-of-1961 / Section 600.2913
Minor maliciously or wilfully destroying property or causing bodily harm or injury to person; recovery of damages from parents.
Status: in_force

Sec. 2913.

A municipal corporation, county, township, village, school district, department of the state, person, partnership, corporation, association, or an incorporated or unincorporated religious organization may recover damages in an amount not to exceed $2,500.00 in a civil action in a court of competent jurisdiction against the parents or parent of an unemancipated minor, living with his or her parents or parent, who has maliciously or wilfully destroyed real, personal, or mixed property which belongs to the municipal corporation, county, township, village, school district, department of the state, person, partnership, corporation, association, or religious organization incorporated or unincorporated or who has maliciously or wilfully caused bodily harm or injury to a person.

History: 1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963; Am. 1962, Act 23, Eff. Mar. 28, 1963; Am. 1967, Act 184, Eff. July 1, 1968; Am. 1972, Act 87, Imd. Eff. Mar. 20, 1972; Am. 1978, Act 577, Imd. Eff. Jan. 2, 1979
Mich. Comp. Laws § 559.106 — MI Code / Chapter 559 / Act Act-59-of-1978 / Section 559.106
Definitions; C to G.
Status: in_force

Sec. 6.

"Co-owner" means a person, firm, corporation, partnership, association, trust, or other legal entity or any combination of those entities, who owns a condominium unit within the condominium project. Co-owner includes land contract vendees and land contract vendors, who are considered jointly and severally liable under this act and the condominium documents, except as the recorded condominium documents provide otherwise.

"Developer" means a person engaged in the business of developing a condominium project as provided in this act. Developer does not include any of the following:

A real estate broker acting as agent for the developer in selling condominium units.

A residential builder who acquires title to 1 or more condominium units for the purpose of residential construction on those condominium units and subsequent resale.

Other persons exempted from this definition by rule or order of the administrator.

"Escrow agent" means a bank, savings and loan association, or title insurance company, licensed or authorized to do business in this state or a representative designated to administer escrow funds in the name, and on behalf, of the escrow agent.

"Expandable condominium" means a condominium project to which additional land may be added in accordance with this act.

"General common elements" means the common elements other than the limited common elements.

History: 1978, Act 59, Eff. July 1, 1978; Am. 1982, Act 538, Imd. Eff. Jan. 17, 1983; Am. 1983, Act 113, Imd. Eff. July 12, 1983; Am. 2000, Act 379, Imd. Eff. Jan. 2, 2001
Mich. Comp. Laws § 29.21b — MI Code / Chapter 29 / Act Act-207-of-1941 / Section 29.21b
Fire extinguishers; liquefied compressed gas, toxicity.
Status: in_force

Sec. 21b.

Notwithstanding section 21a, a liquefied compressed gas extinguishing agent that meets both of the following conditions of toxicity and use may be used in properly engineered fire extinguishing or fire control systems:

(a) The agent in its normal state is not a prohibited agent or propellant under section 21a(1).

(b) The agent is used only under conditions approved by the national fire protection association and a nationally recognized independent testing laboratory that has considered the hazard of the thermal decomposition products and use approved by the bureau.

History: Add. 1970, Act 163, Imd. Eff. Aug. 2, 1970; Am. 2006, Act 189, Imd. Eff. June 19, 2006
Mich. Comp. Laws § 722.1010 — MI Code / Chapter 722 / Act Act-305-of-1996 / Section 722.1010
Consent to court jurisdiction.
Status: in_force

Sec. 10.

Except as otherwise provided by law, a mother and father who sign an acknowledgment that is filed as prescribed by section 5 are consenting to the general, personal jurisdiction of the courts of record of this state regarding the issues of the support, custody, and parenting time of the child.

History: 1996, Act 305, Eff. June 1, 1997
Mich. Comp. Laws § 257.628b — MI Code / Chapter 257 / Act Act-300-of-1949 / Section 257.628b
Maximum speed in certain political subdivisions; vehicle, bicycle or other device; snowmobile exception; violation as civil infraction.
Status: in_force

Sec. 628b.

(1) Subsection (2) applies only in a political subdivision that prohibits by ordinance, regulation, or resolution the operation of nonemergency motor vehicles in the political subdivision.

(2) Notwithstanding sections 627 and 628, an individual who operates a vehicle, a bicycle, or any other device on a state trunkline highway within a political subdivision described in subsection (1) shall not exceed either of the following speed limits:

(a) Except as otherwise provided in this subdivision and subdivision (b), 15 miles per hour. This subdivision does not apply to a snowmobile.

(b) Within a business district of a political subdivision described in subsection (1), 10 miles per hour.

(3) An individual who violates this section is responsible for a civil infraction.

(4) As used in this section:

(a) "Historic snowmobile" means that term as defined in section 82101 of the natural resources and environmental protection act, 1994 PA 451, MCL 324.82101.

(b) "Snowmobile" means a vehicle that meets all of the following requirements:

( i ) Is engine-driven.

( ii ) Has an endless belt tread.

( iii ) Was originally manufactured solely for operation over snow.

( iv ) Is steered by 2 sled-type runners or skis that are in contact with the snow and the distance between the centers of the spindles of which is, except for a historic snowmobile, not more than 48 inches.

History: Add. 2024, Act 76, Imd. Eff. July 8, 2024
Mich. Comp. Laws § 445.72a — MI Code / Chapter 445 / Act Act-452-of-2004 / Section 445.72a
Destruction of data containing personal information required; violation as misdemeanor; fine; compliance; "destroy" defined.
Status: in_force

Sec. 12a.

(1) Subject to subsection (3), a person or agency that maintains a database that includes personal information regarding multiple individuals shall destroy any data that contain personal information concerning an individual when that data is removed from the database and the person or agency is not retaining the data elsewhere for another purpose not prohibited by state or federal law. This subsection does not prohibit a person or agency from retaining data that contain personal information for purposes of an investigation, audit, or internal review.

(2) A person who knowingly violates this section is guilty of a misdemeanor punishable by a fine of not more than $250.00 for each violation. This subsection does not affect the availability of any civil remedy for a violation of state or federal law.

(3) A person or agency is considered to be in compliance with this section if the person or agency is subject to federal law concerning the disposal of records containing personal identifying information and the person or agency is in compliance with that federal law.

(4) As used in this section, "destroy" means to destroy or arrange for the destruction of data by shredding, erasing, or otherwise modifying the data so that they cannot be read, deciphered, or reconstructed through generally available means.

History: Add. 2006, Act 566, Eff. July 2, 2007
Mich. Comp. Laws § 38.1013 — MI Code / Chapter 38 / Act Act-261-of-1957 / Section 38.1013
“Retirant” defined.
Status: in_force

Sec. 13.

"Retirant" means a person receiving an annual retirement allowance from the retirement system.

History: 1957, Act 261, Eff. Sept. 27, 1957; Am. 1970, Act 237, Eff. Jan. 1, 1971; Am. 1974, Act 215, Eff. Dec. 31, 1974; Am. 1981, Act 123, Imd. Eff. July 23, 1981
Mich. Comp. Laws § 722.717b — MI Code / Chapter 722 / Act Act-205-of-1956 / Section 722.717b
Provisions for custody and parenting time; temporary order in case of dispute; referral to friend of the court; attorneys not required to represent parties in dispute.
Status: in_force

Sec. 7b.

If the court makes a determination of paternity and there is no dispute regarding custody, the court shall include in the order of filiation specific provisions for the custody and parenting time of the child as provided in the child custody act of 1970, Act No. 91 of the Public Acts of 1970, being sections 722.21 to 722.29 of the Michigan Compiled Laws. If there is a dispute between the parties concerning custody or parenting time, the court shall immediately enter an order that establishes support and temporarily establishes custody of and parenting time with the child. Pending a hearing on or other resolution of the dispute, the court may also refer the matter to the friend of the court for a report and recommendation as provided in section 5 of the friend of the court act, Act No. 294 of the Public Acts of 1982, being section 552.505 of the Michigan Compiled Laws. In a dispute regarding custody or parenting time, the prosecuting attorney, an attorney appointed by the county, or an attorney appointed by the court under section 4 shall not be required to represent either party regarding that dispute.

History: Add. 1994, Act 388, Eff. Oct. 1, 1995; Am. 1996, Act 18, Eff. June 1, 1996; Am. 1996, Act 308, Eff. June 1, 1997
Mich. Comp. Laws § 700.2713 — MI Code / Chapter 700 / Act Act-386-of-1998 / Section 700.2713
Definitions for survivorship with respect to future interests under terms of trust.
Status: in_force

Sec. 2713.

As used in this section and sections 2714 to 2716:

"Alternative future interest" means an expressly created future interest that can take effect in possession or enjoyment instead of another future interest on the happening of 1 or more events, including survival of an event or failure to survive an event, whether an event is expressed in condition-precedent, condition-subsequent, or another form. A residuary clause in a will does not create an alternative future interest with respect to a future interest created in a nonresiduary devise in the will, whether or not the will specifically provides that a lapsed or failed devise is to pass under the residuary clause.

"Beneficiary" means the beneficiary of a future interest and includes a class member if the future interest is in the form of a class gift.

"Class member" includes, but is not limited to, an individual who failed to survive the distribution date but who would have taken under a future interest in the form of a class gift had he or she survived the distribution date.

"Distribution date" means, with respect to a future interest, the time when the future interest takes effect in possession or enjoyment. The distribution date does not need to occur at the beginning or end of a calendar day, but can occur at a time during the course of a day.

"Future interest" includes, but is not limited to, an alternative future interest and a future interest in the form of a class gift.

"Future interest under the terms of a trust" means a future interest that is created by a transfer creating a trust or to an existing trust or by an exercise of a power of appointment to an existing trust, directing the continuance of an existing trust, designating a beneficiary of an existing trust, or creating a trust.

"Surviving beneficiary" or "surviving descendant" means a beneficiary or a descendant who does not predecease the distribution date and who is not considered to have predeceased the distribution date under section 2702.

History: 1998, Act 386, Eff. Apr. 1, 2000
Mich. Comp. Laws § 38.1668 — MI Code / Chapter 38 / Act Act-182-of-1986 / Section 38.1668
Payment of administrative expenses of Tier 2 plan.
Status: in_force

Sec. 68.

The administrative expenses of Tier 2 must be paid by the qualified participants, former qualified participants, and refund beneficiaries who have not closed their accounts in a manner determined by the department.

History: Add. 2018, Act 674, Imd. Eff. Dec. 28, 2018
Mich. Comp. Laws § 105.8 — MI Code / Chapter 81 / Act Act-215-of-1895 / Section 105.8
Probate court; oath of jurors, form; duties; instruction; verdict.
Status: in_force

Sec. 8.

The jurors so impaneled shall be sworn or shall affirm in substance as follows: "You do solemnly swear (or affirm) that you will well and truly ascertain and determine whether there is a public necessity for making the proposed improvement and for taking for the use or benefit of the public the private property which the petition describes and prays may be taken, and if you shall determine that it is necessary to make such improvement, and to take said property, that then you ascertain, determine and award the just compensation to be made therefor, and faithfully and impartially discharge all other duties as devolve upon you in this case, and unless discharged by the court, a true verdict give, according to the law and evidence, so help you God (or under the pains and penalties of perjury)." The jury shall hear the proofs and allegations of the parties, and shall go to the place of the intended improvement, in the charge of an officer, and upon or as near as practicable to the property proposed to be taken, and examine the premises. They shall be instructed as to their duties and the law of the case by the probate judge, and shall retire under the charge of an officer and render their verdict in the same manner as on the trial of an ordinary civil case, but the same shall be in writing and be signed by all jurors.

History: 1895, Act 215, Eff. Aug. 30, 1895; Am. 1899, Act 136, Imd. Eff. June 21, 1899; CL 1915, 3143; CL 1929, 2067; CL 1948, 105.8
Mich. Comp. Laws § 421.13i — MI Code / Chapter 421 / Act Act-1-of-1936-Ex-Sess- / Section 421.13i
Governmental entity as reimbursing employer or contributing employer; election; notice; termination of election; liability for reimbursement payments; notice terminating status; extension of period for filing notice of election; determination of status as employer, effective date of election, and termination of prior election.
Status: in_force

Sec. 13i.

Except as provided in section 13g, a governmental entity which:

Is, or becomes subject to this act after December 31, 1974, shall make reimbursement payments in lieu of contributions as a reimbursing employer for not less than 2 calendar years beginning January 1, 1975, unless it elects to pay contributions as a contributing employer pursuant to section 13.

Becomes subject to this act on or after January 1, 1975, may elect to become a contributing employer beginning with the calendar year which contains the day when it becomes subject to this act by filing a written notice of its election with the commission not later than 30 days after the date of determination that it was subject to this act.

Pays contributions under this act for a period after January 1, 1975, may elect to become a reimbursing employer by filing a written notice of the election with the commission not later than 30 days before the beginning of a calendar year for which the election is to be effective. The election may not be terminated for the calendar year with respect to which the election is made and the following calendar year.

Becomes a reimbursing employer under subdivision (a) or elects to become a reimbursing employer in accordance with subdivision (c), shall continue to be liable for reimbursement payments in lieu of contributions until it files with the commission a written notice terminating its status as a reimbursing employer and electing to become a contributing employer. The notice may not be filed later than 30 days before the beginning of the calendar year when the termination and election is to be effective. After the effective date of termination, the governmental entity shall be considered a newly liable employer for the purposes of section 19(a).

The commission for good cause may extend for 30 days the period within which a notice of election shall be filed under this section.

The commission, in accordance with section 14, shall notify a governmental entity of a determination which is made of its status as an employer, the effective date of an election which it makes and the termination of any prior election. The determinations shall be final unless further proceedings are taken pursuant to section 32a.

History: Add. 1974, Act 104, Eff. Jan. 1, 1975; Am. 1977, Act 277, Eff. Jan. 1, 1978
Mich. Comp. Laws § 330.1628 — MI Code / Chapter 330 / Act Act-258-of-1974 / Section 330.1628
Qualifications of guardian; preference.
Status: in_force

Sec. 628.

The court may appoint as guardian of an individual with a developmental disability any suitable individual or agency, public or private, including a private association capable of conducting an active guardianship program for an individual with a developmental disability. The court shall not appoint the department of mental health as guardian or any other agency, public or private, that is directly providing services to the individual, unless no other suitable individual or agency can be identified. In such instances, guardianship by the provider shall only continue until such time as a more suitable individual or agency can be appointed.

Before the appointment, the court shall make a reasonable effort to question the individual concerning his or her preference regarding the person to be appointed guardian, and any preference indicated shall be given due consideration.

History: 1974, Act 258, Eff. Aug. 6, 1975; Am. 1978, Act 527, Imd. Eff. Dec. 21, 1978; Am. 1995, Act 290, Eff. Mar. 28, 1996
Mich. Comp. Laws § 333.12609 — MI Code / Chapter 333 / Act Act-368-of-1978 / Section 333.12609
Rules.
Status: in_force

Sec. 12609.

The department may promulgate rules to implement this part.

History: Add. 1986, Act 198, Eff. Jan. 1, 1987
Mich. Comp. Laws § 456.18 — MI Code / Chapter 456 / Act Act-87-of-1855 / Section 456.18
Actions and suits; common seal.
Status: in_force

Sec. 18.

All corporations organized under this act, shall be capable in their corporate name, of suing and being sued, appealing, prosecuting, and defending, to final judgment and execution, in any of the courts of this state or elsewhere, and to have a common seal which they may alter at pleasure.

History: 1855, Act 87, Imd. Eff. Feb. 12, 1855; CL 1857, 1734; CL 1871, 3391; How. 4745; CL 1897, 8379; CL 1915, 11139; CL 1929, 10418; CL 1948, 456.18
Mich. Comp. Laws § 500.1242 — MI Code / Chapter 500 / Act Act-218-of-1956 / Section 500.1242
Refusal, suspension, or revocation of license; notice; hearings; summary suspension; subpoenas.
Status: in_force

Sec. 1242.

The commissioner shall refuse to grant a license to act as a solicitor, an insurance counselor, or an adjuster to an applicant who fails to meet the requirements of this chapter. Notice of the refusal shall be in writing and shall set forth the basis for the refusal. If the applicant submits a written request within 30 days after mailing of the notice of refusal, the commissioner shall promptly conduct a hearing in which the applicant shall be given an opportunity to show compliance with the requirements of this chapter.

The commissioner, after notice and opportunity for a hearing, may suspend or revoke the license of a solicitor, insurance counselor, or adjuster who fails to maintain the standards required for initial licensing or who violates any provision of this act.

After notice and opportunity for a hearing, the commissioner may refuse to grant or renew a license to act as a solicitor, adjuster, or insurance counselor if he or she determines by a preponderance of the evidence, that it is probable that the business or primary occupation of the applicant will give rise to coercion, indirect rebating of commissions, or other practices in the sale of insurance that are prohibited by law.

Without prior hearing, the commissioner may order summary suspension of a license if he or she finds that protection of the public requires emergency action and incorporates this finding in his or her order. The suspension shall be effective on the date specified in the order or upon service of a certified copy of the order on the licensee, whichever is later. If requested, the commissioner shall conduct a hearing on the suspension within a reasonable time but not later than 20 days after the effective date of the summary suspension unless the person whose license is suspended requests a later date. At the hearing, the commissioner shall determine if the suspension should be continued or if the suspension should be withdrawn, and, if proper notice is given, may determine if the license should be revoked. The commissioner shall announce his or her decision within 30 days after conclusion of the hearing. The suspension shall continue until the decision is announced.

The commissioner, or his or her designated deputy, may issue subpoenas to require the attendance and testimony of witnesses and the production of documents necessary to the conduct of the hearing and may designate an office of financial and insurance services employee to make service. The subpoenas issued by the commissioner, or his or her designated deputy, may be enforced upon petition to the circuit court of Ingham county to show cause why a contempt order should not be issued, as provided by law.

History: Add. 1972, Act 133, Eff. Mar. 30, 1973; Am. 2001, Act 228, Eff. Mar. 1, 2002; Am. 2002, Act 32, Imd. Eff. Mar. 7, 2002
Mich. Comp. Laws § 124.284 — MI Code / Chapter 124 / Act Act-233-of-1955 / Section 124.284
Authority as municipal authority and public body corporate; powers generally.
Status: in_force

Sec. 4.

An authority shall be a municipal authority and shall be a public body corporate with power to sue and be sued in any court of this state. It shall possess all the powers necessary to carry out the purposes of its incorporation and those incident thereto. The enumeration of any powers of this act shall not be construed as a limitation upon an authority's general powers.

An authority may do all of the following:

Adopt bylaws for the regulation of its affairs and the conduct of its business.

Adopt an official seal and alter the seal at pleasure.

Maintain an office at such place or places within the state as it may designate.

Sue and be sued in its own name, plead and be impleaded.

Determine the location of any project constructed by it under the provisions of this act, and to determine, in its discretion and without reference to any other provisions of this act or any other law, the design, standards, and the materials of construction, and construct, maintain, repair, and operate the project. However, the functions, powers, and duties of the state department of public health and the department of natural resources in connection with any such public improvements shall remain unaffected by this act.

Issue bonds of the authority for any of its corporate purposes under such means as may be provided in this act. If revenue bonds are issued under the provisions of section 12 or sections 12b and 12c, the revenue bonds shall be payable solely from the revenues pledged for their payment, as provided in this act.

Adopt and promulgate rules and regulations for the use of any project constructed by it under the provisions of this act.

Acquire, hold, and dispose of real and personal property in the exercise of its powers and the performance of its duties under this act.

History: 1955, Act 233, Eff. Oct. 14, 1955; Am. 1958, Act 34, Imd. Eff. Apr. 3, 1958; Am. 1985, Act 178, Imd. Eff. Dec. 6, 1985
Mich. Comp. Laws § 324.61716 — MI Code / Chapter 324 / Act Act-451-of-1994 / Section 324.61716
Operation of well without authority prohibited.
Status: in_force

Sec. 61716.

After the effective date of the order of the supervisor creating a unit, the operation of any well within the unit area except by authority of and pursuant to the order of the supervisor is unlawful and prohibited.

History: Add. 1995, Act 57, Imd. Eff. May 24, 1995