FrankGoortani/open-us-law huggingface dataset:
Mich. Comp. Laws § 600.8415 — MI Code / Chapter 600 / Act Act-236-of-1961 / Section 600.8415
Venue of actions.
Status: in_force

Sec. 8415.

Except as provided in subsections (3) and (4), in districts of the first class actions in the small claims division shall be filed in the county in which the cause of action arose or in the county in which the defendant is established or resides or is employed. If there is more than 1 defendant, actions shall be filed in the county in which any defendant is established or resides or is employed.

Except as provided in subsections (3) and (4), in districts of the second or third class actions in the small claims division shall be filed in the district in which the cause of action arose or in the district in which the defendant is established or resides or is employed. If there is more than 1 defendant, actions shall be filed in the district in which any defendant is established or resides or is employed.

In districts of the first class actions in the small claims division against a city, village, or township shall be filed in the county in which the city, village, or township is located. In districts of the first class actions in the small claims division against a county shall be filed in that county. In districts of the second or third class actions in the small claims division against a city, village, or township shall be filed in the district in which the city, village, or township is located. In districts of the second or third class actions in the small claims division against a county shall be filed in the district in which the county seat of the county is located.

In districts of the first class, actions in the small claims division against a local or intermediate school district shall be filed in the county in which the local or intermediate school district has its principal administrative office. In districts of the second or third class, actions in the small claims division against a local or intermediate school district shall be filed in the district in which the local or intermediate school district has its principal administrative office.

If the venue of an action is proper under this section at the time the action is filed in the small claims division and a party removes the action to the general civil division of the district court as provided by law or court rule, the court shall not order a change of venue of the action because the venue in which the action was filed would not have been proper if the action would have been filed in the general civil division of the district court. The court may order a change of venue of the action as otherwise required or permitted by court rule.

History: Add. 1968, Act 154, Imd. Eff. June 17, 1968; Am. 1984, Act 272, Imd. Eff. Dec. 19, 1984; Am. 1991, Act 192, Eff. July 1, 1992; Am. 1993, Act 99, Eff. Sept. 1, 1993
Mich. Comp. Laws § 390.931 — MI Code / Chapter 390 / Act Act-295-of-1969 / Section 390.931
Bonds; negotiability; tax exemption.
Status: in_force

Sec. 11.

Bonds issued under this act shall be fully negotiable under the uniform commercial code, 1962 PA 174, MCL 440.1101 to 440.11102, and the bonds and the interest thereon are exempt from all taxation by this state or any of its political subdivisions.

History: 1969, Act 295, Imd. Eff. Aug. 11, 1969; Am. 2000, Act 356, Eff. Mar. 28, 2001
Mich. Comp. Laws § 423.247 — MI Code / Chapter 423 / Act Act-312-of-1969 / Section 423.247
Effective date.
Status: in_force

Sec. 17.

This act shall become effective on October 1, 1969.

History: 1969, Act 312, Eff. Oct. 1, 1969
Mich. Comp. Laws § 324.2127 — MI Code / Chapter 324 / Act Act-451-of-1994 / Section 324.2127
Disposition of revenues.
Status: in_force

Sec. 2127.

The revenues received from the charges levied under section 2126, less amounts necessary to pay the expenses of administering this subpart, shall be credited to the state fund from which the revenue is appropriated for the payment in lieu of taxes on the land crossed.

History: Add. 1995, Act 60, Imd. Eff. May 24, 1995
Mich. Comp. Laws § 46.177 — MI Code / Chapter 46 / Act Act-342-of-1939 / Section 46.177
Self-liquidating revenue bonds.
Status: in_force

Sec. 7.

For the purpose of obtaining money for locating, acquiring, purchasing, establishing, constructing, extending, improving, or repairing any of the improvements, facilities, or services authorized by this act, the county may issue self-liquidating revenue bonds, and may issue refunding bonds for the payment or retirement of any such bonds previously issued by it for any such purposes, under the provisions of Act No. 94 of the Public Acts of 1933, as amended. As additional security for the payment of the bonds, any issuing county, by a majority vote of the members-elect of its county board of commissioners, may include as part of the ordinance authorizing the issuance of the bonds a pledge of its full faith and credit for payment of the principal of and interest on the bonds, and if such a pledge is made, then in event of the insufficiency of the revenues therefor, the county may pay the amount of the insufficiency from its general fund or levy taxes therefor without limitation as to rate or amount and in addition to any other taxes it may be authorized to levy but not in an amount a rate in excess of that necessary to make up the insufficiency.

History: 1939, Act 342, Eff. Sept. 29, 1939; Am. 1941, Act 353, Eff. Jan. 10, 1942; CL 1948, 46.177; Am. 1949, Act 221, Eff. Sept. 23, 1949; Am. 1953, Act 186, Imd. Eff. June 9, 1953; Am. 1961, Act 213, Eff. Sept. 8, 1961; Am. 1963, Act 1, Imd. Eff. Feb. 26, 1963; Am. 1974, Act 46, Imd. Eff. Mar. 19, 1974
Mich. Comp. Laws § 445.1804 — MI Code / Chapter 445 / Act Act-134-of-1990 / Section 445.1804
Franchise and lease or other agreement; transfer or assignment; consent; standards; notice of intent; objection; approval; compliance; assumption of obligations; effect of termination or nonrenewal of franchise; option of franchisor to purchase; exception.
Status: in_force

Sec. 4.

A franchise agreement and any other lease or agreement in connection with the franchise agreement between a franchisor and a franchisee shall be transferable or assignable if the franchisor consents to the assignment. The franchisor's consent shall not be unreasonably withheld. A proposed assignee shall meet the standards normally required by the franchisor of a prospective franchisee.

Prior to any transfer or assignment by the franchisee, the franchisee shall provide written notice to the franchisor of an intention to transfer or assign setting forth the prospective assignee's name, address, statement of financial qualification and business experience during the previous 5 years, and such further information as the franchisor shall reasonably request.

The franchisor, within 60 days after receipt of the notice of intent and all requested information, shall advise the franchisee of its consent or objection to the transfer or assignment.

If the franchisor objects to the transfer or assignment, it shall state its reasons in writing to the franchisee. If the franchisor does not reply within 60 days, approval of the transfer or assignment shall be considered granted.

The transfer or assignment shall not be valid until the assignee agrees in writing to comply with all the requirements of the franchise and any other lease or agreement in connection with the franchise then in ef fect and assumes all obligations of the franchisee.

A franchisee may not exercise the right of assignment or transfer after he or she has been notified of termination or nonrenewal of the franchise for a cause permitted in the petroleum marketing practices act, Public Law 95-297, 15 U.S.C. 2801 to 2806 and 2821 to 2841.

A franchisee shall not sell, convey, or otherwise dispose of the franchisee's interest in a lease, any franchise relationship attendant to a lease, or the franchisee's business as related to a lease without first giving the franchisor an option to purchase or otherwise acquire the interest on the same terms and conditions as set forth in any contract entered into and fully executed by the franchisee in a bona fide transaction, except for a sale or transfer from the franchisee to the franchisee's spouse, adult child, stepchild, son-in-law, or daughter-in-law.

History: 1990, Act 134, Eff. Oct. 1, 1990
Mich. Comp. Laws § 14.133 — MI Code / Chapter 14 / Act Act-375-of-1927 / Section 14.133
Forwarding of accounts; records; reports.
Status: in_force

Sec. 3.

Each state officer, department, institution, or commission from time to time shall forward to the department of treasury statements of all delinquent and past due money, specific taxes, and accounts owing or belonging to this state, or any department, commission, or institution of this state, together with any information as may be necessary to enable the department of treasury to carry out the purposes of this act. The department of treasury shall keep an accurate record and account of all those statements; shall enforce payment and collection of those amounts; shall keep an accurate account of all money collected; shall report monthly all collections made to the department, commission, or institution to which that indebtedness has been incurred; and shall pay over monthly to the state treasurer all money collected unless otherwise provided by law.

History: 1927, Act 375, Imd. Eff. June 2, 1927; CL 1929, 193; CL 1948, 14.133; Am. 2002, Act 367, Imd. Eff. May 24, 2002
Mich. Comp. Laws § Article IX § 2 — MI Code / Chapter 1 / Act CONSTITUTION-OF-MICHIGAN-OF-1963 / Section Article IX § 2
Power of taxation, relinquishment.
Status: in_force

Sec. 2.

The power of taxation shall never be surrendered, suspended or contracted away.

History: Const. 1963, Art. IX, § 2, Eff. Jan. 1, 1964
Mich. Comp. Laws § 16.133 — MI Code / Chapter 16 / Act Act-380-of-1965 / Section 16.133
Notaries public; powers; duties and functions of governor; delegation to department.
Status: in_force

Sec. 33.

All or any portion of the powers, duties and functions of governor under section 107 of chapter 14 of the Revised Statutes of 1846, as amended, being section 55.107 of the Compiled Laws of 1948, relating to notaries public, may be delegated by executive order to the department of state.

History: 1965, Act 380, Imd. Eff. July 23, 1965
Mich. Comp. Laws § 752.1 — MI Code / Chapter 752 / Act Act-201-of-1980 / Section 752.1
Definitions.
Status: in_force

Sec. 1.

As used in this act:

"File" means all information about an individual recorded and retained by a law enforcement intelligence organization regardless of how the information is stored.

"Freedom of information act" means an act which provides that members of the public have a right to inspect and copy certain records of governmental agencies, which for this state is Act No. 442 of the Public Acts of 1976, as amended, being sections 15.231 to 15.246 of the Michigan Compiled Laws.

"Individual" means a natural person or a parent or guardian of a natural person who is less than 18 years of age, unless the person who is less than 18 years of age indicates otherwise.

"Interstate law enforcement intelligence organization" means any intelligence gathering organization whose purpose is to promote the gathering, recording, and interstate exchange of confidential information not available through regular police channels and which provides a central clearinghouse for information dissemination to its membership. Interstate law enforcement intelligence organization includes, but is not limited to, the intelligence gathering organization registered as a charitable trust in the state of California with its principal offices located in Sacramento, California.

"Law enforcement agency" means a state or local police department, a sheriff's department, a county prosecutor's office, the department of attorney general, or any other department or agency which enforces the laws of this state or the ordinances of a county, township, city, or village.

History: 1980, Act 201, Imd. Eff. July 18, 1980
Mich. Comp. Laws § 21.274 — MI Code / Chapter 21 / Act Act-72-of-1979 / Section 21.274
Reporting estimated state equalized valuation and amount of tax foregone from exemptions under MCL 211.1 et seq.; exception; specific exemption estimates.
Status: in_force

Sec. 4.

The governor shall report the estimated state equalized valuation and the amount of tax foregone in each county because of the exemptions granted pursuant to Act No. 206 of the Public Acts of 1893, as amended, being sections 211.1 to 211.157 of the Michigan Compiled Laws, except for property deriving its exemption from article IX, section 4 of the constitution of the state of Michigan, for which an estimate shall be made only of the actual amount of lands so exempted, expressed solely in terms of acreage, and exclusive of any buildings, fixtures, or personal property thereon, or appurtenances thereto. Where possible, estimates should be made for specific exemptions. The specific exemption estimates shall be made on the basis of informed estimates without requiring local units of government to meet additional reporting standards. If possible, estimates also shall be made of property exempted by statutes other than Act No. 206 of the Public Acts of 1893, as amended, being sections 211.1 to 211.157 of the Michigan Compiled Laws.

History: 1979, Act 72, Imd. Eff. July 31, 1979
Mich. Comp. Laws § 49.106 — MI Code / Chapter 49 / Act Act-203-of-1972 / Section 49.106
Council; meetings.
Status: in_force

Sec. 6.

The council shall meet at least 4 times in each year and shall hold special meetings when called by the chairman, or in the absence of the chairman, by the vice-chairman or when called by the chairman upon the written request of 3 members of the council. The council shall establish its own procedures and requirements with respect to quorum, place and conduct of its meetings and other matters.

History: 1972, Act 203, Imd. Eff. June 30, 1972
Mich. Comp. Laws § 125.2589 — MI Code / Chapter 125 / Act Act-75-of-1995 / Section 125.2589
Construction of act.
Status: in_force

Sec. 29.

This act shall be liberally construed to effectuate its purposes.

History: 1995, Act 75, Imd. Eff. June 13, 1995
Mich. Comp. Laws § 208.1410a — MI Code / Chapter 208 / Act Act-36-of-2007 / Section 208.1410a
Tax credit; "eligible taxpayer" defined.
Status: in_force

Sec. 410a.

(1) For tax years that begin on or after January 1, 2008 and end before January 1, 2013, an eligible taxpayer may claim a credit against the tax imposed by this act equal to the following:

(a) For the 2008 through 2010 tax years, 65% of the eligible taxpayer's total tax liability imposed under this act not to exceed $1,700,000.00.

(b) For the 2011 tax year, 45% of the eligible taxpayer's total tax liability imposed under this act not to exceed $1,180,000.00.

(c) For the 2012 tax year, 25% of the eligible taxpayer's total tax liability imposed under this act not to exceed $650,000.00.

(2) As used in this section, "eligible taxpayer" means a taxpayer that is, collectively or individually, including through affiliated companies, an owner, operator, manager, licensee, lessee, or tenant of more than 1 facility or stadium in this state, including grounds and ancillary facilities, that has a capacity of at least 14,000 patrons per facility and is primarily used for professional sporting events or other entertainment, and that has made a capital investment of not less than $250,000,000.00, collectively or individually, including through affiliated companies, into the construction cost of a facility or stadium for which the taxpayer qualifies for this credit.

History: Add. 2008, Act 115, Imd. Eff. Apr. 29, 2008
Mich. Comp. Laws § 324.14808 — MI Code / Chapter 324 / Act Act-451-of-1994 / Section 324.14808
Other privileges not limited.
Status: in_force

Sec. 14808.

This part does not limit, waive, or abrogate either of the following:

The scope or nature of any statutory or common law privilege, including the work product doctrine and the attorney-client privilege.

Any existing ability or authority to challenge privilege under Michigan law.

History: Add. 1996, Act 132, Imd. Eff. Mar. 18, 1996; Am. 1997, Act 133, Imd. Eff. Nov. 14, 1997
Mich. Comp. Laws § 333.7531 — MI Code / Chapter 333 / Act Act-368-of-1978 / Section 333.7531
Burden of proof of exemption or exception; presumption as to license or order form; burden of rebutting presumption; liability not imposed for lawful performance of duties.
Status: in_force

Sec. 7531.

It is not necessary for this state to negate any exemption or exception in this article in a complaint, information, indictment, or other pleading or in a trial, hearing, or other proceeding under this article. The burden of proof of an exemption or exception is upon the person claiming it.

In the absence of proof that a person is the authorized holder of an appropriate license or order form issued under this article, the person is presumed not to be the holder of the license or order form. The burden of proof is upon the person to rebut the presumption.

A liability is not imposed by this article or an authorized state, county, or local officer, engaged in the lawful performance of the officer's duties.

History: 1978, Act 368, Eff. Sept. 30, 1978
Mich. Comp. Laws § 330.2070 — MI Code / Chapter 330 / Act Act-258-of-1974 / Section 330.2070
Competency evaluations; self-incrimination; evidence or statements inadmissible in proceeding determining responsibility; sealing reports; order to open reports; purposes; confidentiality; disclosure.
Status: in_force

Sec. 1070.

(1) The constitutional protections against self-incrimination apply to all competency evaluations.

(2) Any evidence or statement obtained during a competency evaluation is not admissible in any proceeding to determine the juvenile's responsibility.

(3) A statement that a juvenile makes during a competency evaluation or evidence resulting from the statement concerning any other event or transaction is not admissible in any proceeding to determine the juvenile's responsibility for any other charges that are based on those events or transactions.

(4) A statement that the juvenile makes during a competency evaluation may not be used for any purpose other than assessment of his or her competency without the written consent of the juvenile or the juvenile's guardian. The juvenile or the juvenile's guardian must have an opportunity to consult with his or her attorney before giving consent.

(5) After the case proceeds to adjudication or the juvenile is found to be unable to regain competence, the court shall order all of the reports that are submitted according to sections 1062 to 1068 to be sealed. The court may order that the reports be opened only as follows:

(a) For further competency or criminal responsibility evaluations.

(b) For statistical analysis.

(c) If the records are considered to be necessary to assist in mental health treatment ordered under this act.

(d) For data gathering.

(e) For scientific study or other legitimate research.

(6) If the court orders reports to be open for the purposes of statistical analysis, data gathering, or scientific study according to subsection (5), the reports shall remain confidential.

(7) Any statement that a juvenile makes during a competency evaluation, or any evidence resulting from that statement, is not subject to disclosure.

History: Add. 2012, Act 540, Eff. Mar. 28, 2013
Mich. Comp. Laws § 440.8304 — MI Code / Chapter 440 / Act Act-174-of-1962 / Section 440.8304
Indorsement.
Status: in_force

Sec. 8304.

An indorsement may be in blank or special. An indorsement in blank includes an indorsement to bearer. A special indorsement specifies to whom a security is to be transferred or who has power to transfer it. A holder may convert a blank indorsement to a special indorsement.

An indorsement purporting to be only of part of a security certificate representing units intended by the issuer to be separately transferable is effective to the extent of the indorsement.

An indorsement, whether special or in blank, does not constitute a transfer until delivery of the certificate on which it appears or, if the indorsement is on a separate document, until delivery of both the document and the certificate.

If a security certificate in registered form has been delivered to a purchaser without a necessary indorsement, the purchaser may become a protected purchaser only when the indorsement is supplied. However, against a transferor, a transfer is complete upon delivery and the purchaser has a specifically enforceable right to have any necessary indorsement supplied.

An indorsement of a security certificate in bearer form may give notice of an adverse claim to the certificate, but it does not otherwise affect a right to registration that the holder possesses.

Unless otherwise agreed, a person making an indorsement assumes only the obligations provided in Section 8108 and not an obligation that the security will be honored by the issuer.

History: 1962, Act 174, Eff. Jan. 1, 1964; Am. 1987, Act 16, Imd. Eff. Apr. 24, 1987; Am. 1998, Act 278, Imd. Eff. July 27, 1998
Mich. Comp. Laws § 768.29 — MI Code / Chapter 760 / Act Act-175-of-1927 / Section 768.29
Judge's duty at trial; effect of failure to instruct.
Status: in_force

Sec. 29.

It shall be the duty of the judge to control all proceedings during the trial, and to limit the introduction of evidence and the argument of counsel to relevant and material matters, with a view to the expeditious and effective ascertainment of the truth regarding the matters involved. The court shall instruct the jury as to the law applicable to the case and in his charge make such comment on the evidence, the testimony and character of any witnesses, as in his opinion the interest of justice may require. The failure of the court to instruct on any point of law shall not be ground for setting aside the verdict of the jury unless such instruction is requested by the accused.

History: 1927, Act 175, Eff. Sept. 5, 1927; CL 1929, 17322; CL 1948, 768.29
Mich. Comp. Laws § 257.56 — MI Code / Chapter 257 / Act Act-300-of-1949 / Section 257.56
“Safety zone” defined.
Status: in_force

Sec. 56.

"Safety zone" means the area or space officially set apart within a roadway for the exclusive use of pedestrians and which is protected and so marked or indicated by adequate signs as to be plainly visible at all times while set apart as a safety zone.

History: 1949, Act 300, Eff. Sept. 23, 1949
Mich. Comp. Laws § 433.101 — MI Code / Chapter 433 / Act R-S-of-1846 / Section 433.101
Beasts distrained; impounding.
Status: in_force

Sec. 1.

When any beasts are taken up and distrained by any person, for going at large, contrary to law, or contrary to any by-law of a township, they shall be forthwith impounded in the township pound, and the keeper of such pound shall furnish them with suitable food and water, so long as they are detained in his custody.

History: R.S. 1846, Ch. 125; CL 1857, 5046; CL 1871, 6767; How. 8355; CL 1897, 10688; CL 1915, 14779; CL 1929, 9061; CL 1948, 433.101