FrankGoortani/open-us-law huggingface dataset:
Mich. Comp. Laws § 324.8904 — MI Code / Chapter 324 / Act Act-451-of-1994 / Section 324.8904
Presumptions.
Status: in_force

Sec. 8904.

(1) Except as provided in subsection (3) involving litter from a leased vehicle or leased vessel, in a proceeding for a violation of this part involving litter from a motor vehicle or vessel, proof that the particular vehicle or vessel described in the citation, complaint, or warrant was used in the violation, together with proof that the defendant named in the citation, complaint, or warrant was the registered owner of the vehicle or vessel at the time of the violation, gives rise to a rebuttable presumption that the registered owner of the vehicle or vessel was the driver of the vehicle or vessel at the time of the violation.

(2) There is a rebuttable presumption that the driver of a vehicle or vessel is responsible for litter that is thrown, dumped, deposited, placed, or left from the vehicle or vessel on public or private property or water.

(3) In a proceeding for a violation of this part involving litter from a leased motor vehicle or leased vessel, proof that the particular vehicle or vessel described in the citation, complaint, or warrant was used in the violation, together with proof that the defendant named in the citation, complaint, or warrant was the lessee of the vehicle or vessel at the time of the violation, gives rise to a rebuttable presumption that the lessee of the vehicle or vessel was the driver of the vehicle or vessel at the time of the violation.

(4) In a proceeding for a violation of this part involving litter consisting of an abandoned vehicle, proof that the particular vehicle described in the citation, complaint, or warrant was abandoned, and that the defendant named in the citation, complaint, or warrant was the titled owner or lessee of the vehicle at the time it was abandoned, gives rise to a rebuttable presumption that the defendant abandoned the vehicle.

History: 1994, Act 451, Eff. Mar. 30, 1995; Am. 1995, Act 111, Imd. Eff. June 28, 1995; Am. 1998, Act 15, Imd. Eff. Mar. 9, 1998; Am. 2004, Act 494, Imd. Eff. Dec. 29, 2004
Mich. Comp. Laws § 482.44 — MI Code / Chapter 482 / Act Act-165-of-1911 / Section 482.44
Bills; issuance for goods not received, penalty.
Status: in_force

Sec. 44.

Any officer, agent or servant of a carrier, who with intent to defraud issues or aids in issuing a bill knowing that all or any part of the goods for which such bill is issued have not been received by such carrier, or by an agent of such carrier or by a connecting carrier, or are not under the carrier's control at the time of issuing such bill, shall be guilty of a crime, and upon conviction shall be punished for each offense by imprisonment not exceeding 5 years, or by a fine not exceeding 5,000 dollars, or by both.

History: 1911, Act 165, Eff. Aug. 1, 1911; CL 1915, 8217; CL 1929, 11559; CL 1948, 482.44
Mich. Comp. Laws § 41.20 — MI Code / Chapter 41 / Act R-S-of-1846 / Section 41.20
First township meeting; date.
Status: in_force

Sec. 20.

The first township meeting of the electors after the organization of the township shall be held on the Saturday immediately preceding the first Monday in April following the organization.

History: R.S. 1846, Ch. 16; CL 1857, 512; CL 1871, 655; How. 691; CL 1897, 2290; CL 1915, 2069; CL 1929, 975; Am. 1944, 1st Ex. Sess., Act 16, Imd. Eff. Feb. 19, 1944; CL 1948, 41.20; Am. 1956, Act 105, Eff. Aug. 11, 1956; Am. 1989, Act 77, Imd. Eff. June 20, 1989
Mich. Comp. Laws § 550.1921 — MI Code / Chapter 550 / Act Act-251-of-2000 / Section 550.1921
Independent review organization; liability for damages.
Status: in_force

Sec. 21.

An independent review organization or clinical peer reviewer working on behalf of an independent review organization is not liable in damages to any person for any opinions rendered during or upon completion of an external review conducted under this act, unless the opinion was rendered in bad faith or involved gross negligence.

History: 2000, Act 251, Eff. Oct. 1, 2000
Mich. Comp. Laws § 600.8631 — MI Code / Chapter 600 / Act Act-236-of-1961 / Section 600.8631
Fees for transcripts; fees as part of taxable costs.
Status: in_force

Sec. 8631.

A district court recorder or reporter shall be entitled to receive for a transcript ordered by any person the same fees as provided by law for circuit court reporters or recorders. For a transcript ordered by the district judge or a circuit judge, recorders or reporters shall be entitled to receive from the district control unit the same compensation.

The amount of a recorder's or reporter's fees paid shall be recoverable as a part of the taxable costs by the prevailing party in a motion or on appeal.

History: Add. 1968, Act 154, Imd. Eff. June 17, 1968; Am. 1969, Act 266, Eff. Sept. 1, 1969; Am. 1972, Act 325, Imd. Eff. Jan. 2, 1973; Am. 1977, Act 31, Imd. Eff. June 22, 1977; Am. 1978, Act 156, Eff. July 1, 1978; Am. 1986, Act 308, Eff. Jan. 1, 1987
Mich. Comp. Laws § 486.505 — MI Code / Chapter 486 / Act Act-6-of-1956-Ex-Sess- / Section 486.505
Townships contracting for purchase of water; ordinance effective; contract execution.
Status: in_force

Sec. 5.

As soon as any such ordinance becomes effective the township board may authorize the execution of any such contract as is herein contemplated on behalf of the township by any 2 or more of its officers, and when such contract has been properly executed by such corporation the same shall constitute a binding agreement and obligation on the part of the township and upon the part of the said corporation.

History: 1956, Ex. Sess., Act 6, Imd. Eff. July 31, 1956
Mich. Comp. Laws § 123.1147 — MI Code / Chapter 123 / Act Act-321-of-2000 / Section 123.1147
Tax election; costs; reimbursement; basis.
Status: in_force

Sec. 17.

A county clerk shall charge the authority and the authority shall reimburse the county for the actual costs the county incurs in an election for a tax under section 11 that occurs on November 6, 2001.

If a participating municipality conducts an election for a tax, the clerk of that participating municipality shall charge the authority and the authority shall reimburse the participating municipality for the actual costs the participating municipality incurs in conducting the election if the election is not held in conjunction with a regularly scheduled election in that municipality.

In addition to costs reimbursed under subsection (1) or (2), a county or municipality shall charge the authority and the authority shall reimburse the county or municipality for actual costs that the county or municipality incurs and that are exclusively attributable to an election for a tax authorized under this act.

The actual costs that a county or municipality incurs shall be based on the number of hours of work done in conducting the election, the rates of compensation of the workers, and the cost of materials supplied in the election.

History: 2000, Act 321, Eff. Dec. 1, 2000
Mich. Comp. Laws § 493.4 — MI Code / Chapter 493 / Act Act-21-of-1939 / Section 493.4
Investigation; findings; issuance or denial of license; notice; transcript of decision and findings.
Status: in_force

Sec. 4.

Upon the filing of the application, the payment of the fees, and the approval of the bond, the commissioner shall investigate the applicant and if he or she finds that the financial responsibility, experience, character, and general fitness of the applicant are such as to command the confidence of the community and to warrant belief that the business will be operated lawfully, honestly, fairly, and efficiently within the purposes of this act and that the applicant has a net worth in the amounts required under section 2, the commissioner shall issue a license to the applicant to conduct business at the location or locations specified in the application. The license shall remain in effect until it is surrendered by the licensee or revoked or suspended as provided under this act.

If the commissioner finds that the applicant fails to meet the requirements of this act, he or she shall not issue a license and shall notify the applicant of the denial and return to the applicant the bond and fee paid by the applicant, retaining the investigation fee to cover the costs of investigating the application.

The commissioner shall approve or deny every application for license within 60 days from the date that the application was filed with the fees and the approved bond.

If the application is denied, the commissioner shall within 20 days from the date of denial file with the office of financial and insurance services a written transcript of the decision and findings containing the evidence and the reasons supporting the denial and shall serve upon the applicant a copy of the filing.

History: 1939, Act 21, Eff. Sept. 29, 1939; CL 1948, 493.4; Am. 1971, Act 168, Eff. Mar. 30, 1972; Am. 1991, Act 14, Eff. Oct. 1, 1991; Am. 2001, Act 270, Imd. Eff. Jan. 11, 2002
Mich. Comp. Laws § 397.18 — MI Code / Chapter 397 / Act Act-540-of-1982 / Section 397.18
Property of library.
Status: in_force

Sec. 8.

The library shall succeed to the furnishings, building space, records, files, books, documents, and all other property in the possession of the state library on the effective date of this act.

History: 1982, Act 540, Eff. Mar. 30, 1983
Mich. Comp. Laws § 123.4 — MI Code / Chapter 123 / Act Act-38-of-1883 / Section 123.4
Division of territory; apportionment of debts.
Status: in_force

Sec. 4.

All debts owing by a city or township from which territory has been detached, as provided for in section 1 of this act, shall be apportioned in the same manner as the personal property of such city or township, and each city and township shall be charged with and pay its share of the debts according to such apportionment.

History: 1883, Act 38, Eff. Sept. 8, 1883; How. 3109e; CL 1897, 3465; CL 1915, 3455; CL 1929, 2337; CL 1948, 123.4
Mich. Comp. Laws § 722.22 — MI Code / Chapter 722 / Act Act-91-of-1970 / Section 722.22
Definitions.
Status: in_force

Sec. 2.

As used in this act:

(a) "Active duty" means that term as defined in section 101 of the servicemembers civil relief act, 50 USC 511, except that "active duty" includes full-time national guard duty.

(b) "Agency" means a legally authorized public or private organization, or governmental unit or official, whether of this state or of another state or country, concerned in the welfare of minor children, including a licensed child placement agency.

(c) "Attorney" means, if appointed to represent a child under this act, an attorney serving as the child's legal advocate in a traditional attorney-client relationship with the child, as governed by the Michigan rules of professional conduct. An attorney defined under this subdivision owes the same duties of undivided loyalty, confidentiality, and zealous representation of the child's expressed wishes as the attorney would to an adult client.

(d) "Child" means minor child and children. Subject to section 5b of the support and parenting time enforcement act, 1982 PA 295, MCL 552.605b, for purposes of providing support, child includes a child and children who have reached 18 years of age.

(e) "Deployment" means the movement or mobilization of a servicemember to a location for a period of longer than 60 days and not longer than 540 days under temporary or permanent official orders as follows:

( i ) That are designated as unaccompanied.

( ii ) For which dependent travel is not authorized.

( iii ) That otherwise do not permit the movement of family members to that location.

( iv ) The servicemember is restricted from travel.

(f) "Grandparent" means a natural or adoptive parent of a child's natural or adoptive parent.

(g) "Guardian ad litem" means an individual whom the court appoints to assist the court in determining the child's best interests. A guardian ad litem does not need to be an attorney.

(h) "Lawyer-guardian ad litem" means an attorney appointed under section 4. A lawyer-guardian ad litem represents the child, and has the powers and duties, as set forth in section 4.

(i) "Parent" means the natural or adoptive parent of a child.

(j) "State disbursement unit" or "SDU" means the entity established in section 6 of the office of child support act, 1971 PA 174, MCL 400.236.

(k) "Third person" means an individual other than a parent.

History: 1970, Act 91, Eff. Apr. 1, 1971; Am. 1990, Act 245, Imd. Eff. Oct. 10, 1990; Am. 1998, Act 482, Eff. Mar. 1, 1999; Am. 1999, Act 156, Imd. Eff. Nov. 3, 1999; Am. 2002, Act 9, Imd. Eff. Feb. 14, 2002; Am. 2004, Act 542, Imd. Eff. Jan. 3, 2005; Am. 2005, Act 327, Imd. Eff. Dec. 28, 2005; Am. 2015, Act 51, Eff. Sept. 7, 2015
Mich. Comp. Laws § 211.664 — MI Code / Chapter 211 / Act Act-102-of-1983 / Section 211.664
Certification of notices of liens, certificates, or other notices affecting federal liens by secretary of treasury, delegate, or other official or entity; effect.
Status: in_force

Sec. 4.

Certification of notices of liens, certificates, or other notices affecting federal liens by the secretary of the treasury of the United States or the secretary's delegate, or by any official or entity of the United States responsible for the filing or certifying of notices of any other liens, entitles the notices or certificates to be filed and any other attestation, certification, or acknowledgment is not necessary.

History: 1983, Act 102, Imd. Eff. June 30, 1983
Mich. Comp. Laws § 600.2949b — MI Code / Chapter 600 / Act Act-236-of-1961 / Section 600.2949b
Automated motor vehicle; liability of manufacturer, subcomponent system producer, or motor vehicle mechanic or motor vehicle repair facility; applicability of MCL 600.2945 to 600.2949a; definitions.
Status: in_force

Sec. 2949b.

(1) The manufacturer of a vehicle is not liable and must be dismissed from any action for alleged damages resulting from any of the following unless the defect from which the damages resulted was present in the vehicle when it was manufactured:

(a) The conversion or attempted conversion of the vehicle into an automated motor vehicle by another person.

(b) The installation of equipment in the vehicle by another person to convert it into an automated motor vehicle.

(c) The modification by another person of equipment that was installed by the manufacturer in an automated motor vehicle specifically for using the vehicle in automatic mode.

(2) A subcomponent system producer recognized as described in section 244 of the Michigan vehicle code, 1949 PA 300, MCL 257.244, is not liable in a product liability action for damages resulting from the modification of equipment installed by the subcomponent system producer to convert a vehicle to an automated motor vehicle unless the defect from which the damages resulted was present in the equipment when it was installed by the subcomponent system producer.

(3) A motor vehicle mechanic or a motor vehicle repair facility that repairs an automated motor vehicle according to specifications from the manufacturer of the automated motor vehicle is not liable in a product liability action for damages resulting from the repairs.

(4) Sections 2945 to 2949a do not apply in a product liability action to the extent that they are inconsistent with this section.

(5) As used in this section:

(a) "Automated motor vehicle" means that term as defined in section 2b of the Michigan vehicle code, 1949 PA 300, MCL 257.2b.

(b) "Automatic mode" means that term as defined in section 2b of the Michigan vehicle code, 1949 PA 300, MCL 257.2b.

(c) "Motor vehicle mechanic" means that term as defined in section 2 of the motor vehicle service and repair act, 1974 PA 300, MCL 257.1302.

(d) "Motor vehicle repair facility" means that term as defined in section 2 of the motor vehicle service and repair act, 1974 PA 300, MCL 257.1302.

(e) "Vehicle" means that term as defined in section 79 of the Michigan vehicle code, 1949 PA 300, MCL 257.79.

History: Add. 2013, Act 251, Imd. Eff. Dec. 27, 2013; Am. 2016, Act 335, Eff. Mar. 9, 2017
Mich. Comp. Laws § 28.587 — MI Code / Chapter 28 / Act Act-378-of-2004 / Section 28.587
Maintenance of employment history records; compliance with Michigan commission on law enforcement standards act.
Status: in_force

Sec. 7.

(1) A public body that creates a law enforcement agency under this act shall comply with the requirement to maintain employment history records for officers in its employ under the Michigan commission on law enforcement standards act, 1965 PA 203, MCL 28.601 to 28.615.

(2) Law enforcement officers to whom the powers, immunities, and authority of peace and police officers are granted under section 3 shall meet the minimum employment standards of the Michigan commission on law enforcement standards act, 1965 PA 203, MCL 28.601 to 28.615.

History: 2004, Act 378, Imd. Eff. Oct. 12, 2004; Am. 2016, Act 298, Eff. Jan. 2, 2017
Mich. Comp. Laws § 338.1703 — MI Code / Chapter 338 / Act Act-295-of-1972 / Section 338.1703
Definitions.
Status: in_force

Sec. 3.

As used in this act:

"Person" means any natural person, firm, association, partnership, or corporation.

"Examiner" means any person, other than an intern, who does any of the following:

Purports to detect deception, verify truthfulness, or provide a diagnostic opinion of these matters through instrumentation or the use of a mechanical device.

Represents that he or she can or does offer the service of detecting deception, verifying truthfulness, or providing a diagnostic opinion of these matters through instrumentation or the use of a mechanical device.

Uses instrumentation or a mechanical device to measure or record an individual's bodily responses or psychophysiological activities to enable or assist the detection of deception, the verification of truthfulness, or the reporting of a diagnostic opinion regarding these matters.

"Intern" means a person who is actively engaged in an approved training program pursuant to becoming an examiner.

"Examinee" means an individual who is being examined, tested, or questioned by an examiner or intern for the purpose of detecting deception or verifying truthfulness.

"Board" means the state board of forensic polygraph examiners.

"Public examiner" means an examiner who performs or purports to perform the service of detecting deception or verifying truthfulness exclusively in his or her official capacity as a salaried employee of some agency, county, city, or township of this state.

"Private examiner" means an examiner who performs or purports to perform the service of detecting deception or verifying truthfulness in any instance or under any circumstance other than as a public examiner.

"Employer" means a person who employs 1 or more persons or who accepts applications for employment of persons; or an agent of an employer.

History: 1972, Act 295, Eff. Mar. 30, 1973; Am. 1982, Act 46, Eff. Mar. 30, 1983
Mich. Comp. Laws § 285.273 — MI Code / Chapter 285 / Act Act-220-of-1982 / Section 285.273
Default by authority; appointment and powers of trustee; notice by trustee.
Status: in_force

Sec. 23.

If the authority defaults in the payment of principal of or interest on an issue of notes or bonds after the notes or bonds become due, whether at maturity or upon call for redemption, and that default continues for a period of 30 days, or if the authority fails or refuses to comply with the provisions of this act, or defaults on an agreement made with the holders of an issue of notes or bonds, the holders of 25% in aggregate principal amount of the notes or bonds of the issue then outstanding, by instrument or instruments filed in the office of the clerk of the county of Ingham and approved or acknowledged in the same manner as a deed to be recorded, may appoint a trustee to represent the holders of those notes or bonds for the purposes provided in this section.

The trustee may, and upon written request of the holders of 25% in principal amount of the notes or bonds then outstanding shall, in the trustee's own name:

By civil action or administrative proceeding, enforce all rights of the noteholders or bondholders, including the right to require the authority to collect fees and charges and interest and amortization payments on mortgages or secured loans made by it adequate to carry out any agreement as to, or pledge of, such fees and charges and interest and amortization payments on mortgages or secured loans and other properties and to require the authority to carry out any other agreements with the holders of the notes or bonds and to perform its duties under this act.

Bring a civil action upon the notes or bonds.

By civil action, require the authority to account as if it were the trustee of an express trust for the holders of the notes or bonds.

By civil action, enjoin any acts or things which may be unlawful or in violation of the rights of the holders of the notes or bonds.

Declare all the notes or bonds due and payable, and if all defaults shall be made good, then, with the consent of the holders of 25% of the principal amount of the notes or bonds then outstanding, to annul that declaration and its consequences.

The trustee, in addition to the powers granted in subsection (2), shall have and possess all of the powers necessary or appropriate for the exercise of a function specifically provided in this section or incident to the general representation of bondholders or noteholders in the enforcement and protection of their rights.

Before declaring the principal of notes or bonds due and payable pursuant to this section, the trustee shall first give 30 days' notice in writing to the governor, to the authority, and to the attorney general of this state.

History: 1982, Act 220, Imd. Eff. July 10, 1982
Mich. Comp. Laws § 125.3845 — MI Code / Chapter 125 / Act Act-33-of-2008 / Section 125.3845
Extension, addition, revision, or other amendment to master plan; adoption; procedures; review and findings.
Status: in_force

Sec. 45.

(1) An extension, addition, revision, or other amendment to a master plan shall be adopted by following the procedure under sections 39, 41, and 43, subject to all of the following:

(a) Any of the following amendments to a master plan may be made without following the procedure under sections 39, 41, and 43:

( i ) A grammatical, typographical, or similar editorial change.

( ii ) A title change.

( iii ) A change to conform to an adopted plat.

(b) Subject to subdivision (a), the review period provided for in section 41(3) shall be 42 days instead of 63 days.

(c) When a planning commission sends notice to an entity under section 39(2) that it intends to prepare a subplan, the notice may indicate that the local unit of government intends not to provide that entity with further notices of or copies of proposed or final subplans otherwise required to be submitted to that entity under section 39, 41, or 43. Unless the entity responds that it chooses to receive notice of subplans, the local unit of government is not required to provide further notice of subplans to that entity.

(2) At least every 5 years after adoption of a master plan, a planning commission shall review the master plan and determine whether to commence the procedure to amend the master plan or adopt a new master plan. The review and its findings shall be recorded in the minutes of the relevant meeting or meetings of the planning commission.

History: 2008, Act 33, Eff. Sept. 1, 2008
Mich. Comp. Laws § 474.51 — MI Code / Chapter 474 / Act Act-295-of-1976 / Section 474.51
Short title; declaration of public purpose.
Status: in_force

Sec. 1.

(1) This act shall be known and may be cited as the "state transportation preservation act of 1976".

(2) There exists a need to provide authorization for financial assistance for the capital improvement, maintenance, and operation of rail, street railway, intercity bus, and ferry services in this state. To undertake the planning, development, acquisition, and operation of these services is in the best interest of the state and is a valid public purpose.

(3) The preservation of abandoned railroad rights of way for future rail use and their interim use as public trails is declared to be a public purpose.

History: 1976, Act 295, Eff. Nov. 15, 1976; Am. 2008, Act 488, Imd. Eff. Jan. 12, 2009