Md. Code, Courts and Judicial Proceedings § 2-326 — MD Code / Article gcj / Title 2 / Subtitle 3 / Section 2-326
§2–326.
Status: in_force

(a) This section applies only in Harford County.

(b) (1) The salary for the Sheriff of Harford County is equal to the salary of a Department of State Police lieutenant colonel, at the highest available step for a lieutenant colonel under the Department of State Police pay plan in effect on the day prior to the day that the Sheriff begins a term of office.

(2) Any change in the salary paid under the Department of State Police pay plan during the term of office of the Sheriff may not apply to the incumbent Sheriff, but the changed rate shall take effect at the beginning of the next following term of office.

(c) The Sheriff may not have employment outside of that position unless:

(1) The employment is a part–time teaching position; and

(2) The total maximum yearly income from the outside employment under this subsection is $2,500 or less.

(d) The Sheriff shall appoint the number of deputies at the compensation provided in the county budget.

(e) (1) The Sheriff may appoint as a special deputy sheriff:

(i) The chief of police of a Harford County municipality; or

(ii) A member of the police force of a Harford County municipality who is certified by the Maryland Police Training and Standards Commission.

(2) A special deputy sheriff appointed under this subsection is not an employee of the Sheriff or of the county.

(f) (1) Except as provided in paragraph (2) of this subsection, an employee of the Harford County Sheriff’s Office may not be terminated without just cause.

(2) Paragraph (1) of this subsection does not apply to:

(i) The chief deputy;

(ii) A lieutenant colonel or major;

(iii) The secretary for the Sheriff;

(iv) A deputy or employee on probationary status; or

(v) The warden of the Harford County Detention Center.

(g) (1) A lieutenant colonel or major serves at the pleasure of the Sheriff.

(2) A lieutenant colonel, major, or captain may not be reduced below the rank of lieutenant without just cause.

(h) The Sheriff shall have the authority to formulate and administer a plan that includes the method of supervision to use incarcerated individuals from the Harford County Detention Center the Sheriff deems eligible and selects to perform, under the supervision of State, county, or municipal employees, tasks the Sheriff assigns within the county or any incorporated municipality within the county.

(i) (1) This subsection applies only to all full–time deputy sheriffs in the Sheriff’s Office at the rank of captain and below.

(2) Sworn law enforcement officers subject to this subsection shall have the right to organize and negotiate with the Harford County Executive and the Sheriff with regard to wages and employee health care premium share not regulated by the Sheriff.

(3) Unless otherwise provided in this subsection, the right to organize and negotiate shall be conducted in accordance with §§ 38–5 through 38–8 of Chapter 38, Article I of the Harford County Code.

(4) The terms of any agreement with regard to wages and employee health care premium share not regulated by the Sheriff shall be set forth in a memorandum of agreement entered into between the Sheriff, the County Executive, and the employee organization.

(5) An agreement with regard to wages and employee health care premium share not regulated by the Sheriff is not effective until the agreement is ratified by:

(i) The Sheriff;

(ii) The County Executive; and

(iii) The employee organization.

(6) A modification to an existing memorandum of agreement is not valid unless the modification is in writing and ratified by:

(i) The Sheriff;

(ii) The County Executive; and

(iii) The employee organization.

(7) If the Sheriff, the County Executive, and the employee organization are unable to reach an agreement by the dates set in Chapter 38, Article I of the Harford County Code, the procedures set forth in § 38–8(b) of the Harford County Code shall apply, with the County Executive and the employee organization as parties to the proceedings described under § 38–8(b) of the Harford County Code.

(j) (1) This subsection applies only to all full–time correctional officers in the Sheriff’s Office at the rank of captain and below.

(2) Correctional officers subject to this subsection shall have the right to organize and negotiate with the County Executive and the Sheriff with regard to wages and employee health care premium share not regulated by the Sheriff.

(3) Unless otherwise provided in this subsection, the right to organize and negotiate shall be conducted in accordance with §§ 38–5 through 38–8 of Chapter 38, Article I of the Harford County Code.

(4) The terms of any agreement with regard to wages and employee health care premium share not regulated by the Sheriff shall be set in a memorandum of agreement entered into between the Sheriff, the County Executive, and the employee organization.

(5) An agreement with regard to wages and employee health care premium share not regulated by the Sheriff is not effective until the agreement is ratified by:

(i) The Sheriff;

(ii) The County Executive; and

(iii) The employee organization.

(6) A modification to an existing memorandum of agreement is not valid unless the modification is in writing and ratified by:

(i) The Sheriff;

(ii) The County Executive; and

(iii) The employee organization.

(7) If the Sheriff, the County Executive, and the employee organization are unable to reach an agreement by the dates set in Chapter 38, Article I of the Harford County Code, the procedures set forth in § 38–8(b) of the Harford County Code shall apply, with the County Executive and the employee organization as parties to the proceedings described under § 38–8(b) of the Harford County Code.
Md. Code, Insurance § 2-301 — MD Code / Article gin / Title 2 / Subtitle 3 / Section 2-301
§2–301.
Status: in_force

In this subtitle, “Program” means the Consumer Education and Advocacy Program.
Md. Code, Commercial Law § 2-308 — MD Code / Article gcl / Title 2 / Subtitle 3 / Section 2-308
§2–308.
Status: in_force

Unless otherwise agreed

(a) The place for delivery of goods is the seller’s place of business or if he has none his residence; but

(b) In a contract for sale of identified goods which to the knowledge of the parties at the time of contracting are in some other place, that place is the place for their delivery; and

(c) Documents of title may be delivered through customary banking channels.
Md. Code, State Finance and Procurement § 2-503 — MD Code / Article gsf / Title 2 / Subtitle 5 / Section 2-503
§2–503.
Status: in_force

The design of any public building by the State or a political subdivision of the State is governed by this subtitle.
Md. Code, Agriculture § 2-712 — MD Code / Article gag / Title 2 / Subtitle 7 / Section 2-712
§2–712.
Status: in_force

(a) A license expires on June 30 after its effective date, unless the license is renewed for a 1–year term as provided in this section.

(b) At least 1 month before a license expires, the Board shall send each licensee, by electronic means or first–class mail to the last known electronic or mailing address of the licensee, a renewal form and a renewal notice that states:

(1) The date on which the current license expires;

(2) That the renewal application and fee must be received by the Board on or before the license expiration date; and

(3) The amount of the renewal fee.

(c) Before a person’s license expires, a licensee periodically may renew the license for additional 1–year terms, if the licensee:

(1) Otherwise is entitled to be licensed;

(2) Pays to the Board a renewal fee of $125; and

(3) Submits to the Board a renewal application on the form that it requires.

(d) A person who is licensed to operate a horse establishment has a grace period of 60 days after the person’s license expires to renew the license retroactively, if the person:

(1) Otherwise is entitled to renew the license;

(2) Submits to the Board a renewal application on the form required by the Board; and

(3) Pays to the Board the renewal fee and any late fee set by the Board.

(e) The Board may reinstate the license of a former licensee if the former licensee:

(1) Applies for the reinstatement more than 60 days after the license renewal deadline;

(2) Otherwise is entitled to renew the license;

(3) Submits to the Board an application for reinstatement on the form required by the Board; and

(4) Pays to the Board a reinstatement fee and the renewal fee set by the Board.
Md. Code, Agriculture § 2-2402 — MD Code / Article gag / Title 2 / Subtitle 24 / Section 2-2402
§2–2402.
Status: in_force

§2–2402. IN EFFECT

// EFFECTIVE UNTIL JUNE 30, 2030 PER CHAPTER 430 OF 2025 //

(a) There is a Maryland Leaders in Environmentally Engaged Farming (LEEF) Program.

(b) The purposes of the Program are to:

(1) Invigorate strategies to:

(i) Reduce nutrients in support of Chesapeake Bay watershed restoration;

(ii) Mitigate farm emissions and increase carbon sequestration in accordance with Maryland’s Climate Pollution Reduction Plan; and

(iii) Align environmental goals and initiatives of the Department and the State while enhancing farm profitability;

(2) Provide producers with greater incentives to voluntarily participate in the adoption of multiple conservation practices and community best practices within individual agricultural operations or across multiple operations that are in close proximity to one another;

(3) Establish tiers of recognition for producers to be evaluated for Program certification; and

(4) Provide State funds to incentivize the coordinated adoption of conservation practices and community best practices to achieve environmental, social, and climate resiliency benefits and nutrient and sediment reduction.
Md. Code, Public Utilities § 2-111 — MD Code / Article gpu / Title 2 / Subtitle 1 / Section 2-111
§2–111.
Status: in_force

(a) The Commission may charge reasonable fees for copies of Commission documents.

(b) The Commission may charge $1 to issue or renew a taxicab driver license and $2 to issue a duplicate taxicab driver license.
Md. Code, Corporations and Associations § 2-116 — MD Code / Article gca / Title 2 / Subtitle 1 / Section 2-116
§2–116.
Status: in_force

(a) In this section, “emergency” means a situation in which a quorum of the board of directors cannot readily be assembled because of some catastrophic event.

(b) (1) Unless the charter provides otherwise, the bylaws may contain provisions to be effective only during an emergency.

(2) The emergency provisions may be adopted only in advance of an emergency.

(3) The emergency provisions may make all provisions necessary for managing the corporation during an emergency, including:

(i) Procedures for calling a meeting of the board of directors;

(ii) Quorum requirements for a meeting; and

(iii) Designation of additional or substitute directors.

(c) All provisions of the bylaws not inconsistent with the emergency provisions remain effective during an emergency.

(d) Any corporate act taken in good faith and in accordance with the emergency provisions:

(1) Binds the corporation; and

(2) May not be used to impose liability on a director, an officer, an employee, or an agent of the corporation.

(e) The emergency provisions may state that the standard of conduct required by § 2–405.1 of this title shall apply to the conduct of a director acting pursuant to the emergency provisions.
Md. Code, Courts and Judicial Proceedings § 2-507 — MD Code / Article gcj / Title 2 / Subtitle 5 / Section 2-507
§2–507.
Status: in_force

(a) A bailiff shall receive the compensation provided in this section. Unless otherwise provided, the amount is a per diem sum for each day he attends the circuit court.

(1) Allegany County�––�As set by the court and approved by the county government.

(2) Anne Arundel County�––�As set by the court and approved by the county government.

(3) Baltimore City�––�As set by the city government.

(4) Baltimore County�––�As set by the court.

(5) Calvert County�––�As set by the county government and approved by the court.

(6) Caroline County�––�$15.

(7) Carroll County�––�As set by the county government.

(8) Cecil County�––�$17.50.

(9) Charles County�––�As set by county government.

(10) Dorchester County�––�As set by the court and confirmed by the County Commissioners.

(11) Frederick County�––�As set by the county government.

(12) Garrett County –– As set by the court and approved by the County Commissioners.

(13) Harford County�––�As set by the court.

(14) Howard County�––�As set by the county government.

(15) Kent County�––�$25.

(16) Montgomery County�––�As set by the county government.

(17) Prince George’s County�––�As set by the county government and approved by the court.

(18) Queen Anne’s County�––� As set by the court and approved by the county government.

(19) St. Mary’s County�––�As set by the county government.

(20) Somerset County�––�$10.

(21) Talbot County�––�As set by the county government.

(22) Washington County�––�As set by the court and approved by the County Commissioners.

(23) Wicomico County�––�As set by the county government.

(24) Worcester County�––�As set by the county government but not more than $35.

(b) A court crier shall receive the per diem compensation provided by this section for attending the circuit court:

(1) Caroline�––�$15;

(2) Cecil�––�As set by the County Commissioners;

(3) Kent�––�$17.50;

(4) Queen Anne’s�––� As set by the court and approved by the county government;

(5) Somerset�––�As set by the County Commissioners;

(6) Talbot�––�As set by the County Commissioners;

(7) Wicomico�––�As set by the County Commissioners.
Md. Code, Courts and Judicial Proceedings § 2-327 — MD Code / Article gcj / Title 2 / Subtitle 3 / Section 2-327
§2–327.
Status: reserved

(a) This section applies only in Howard County.

(b) (1) The Sheriff of Howard County shall receive:

(i) An annual salary of $109,000 for calendar year 2021; and

(ii) For calendar year 2022 and each subsequent calendar year, an annual salary equal to the salary of a major on step 6 of the Howard County Police Management Schedule for the first year of the Sheriff’s term.

(2) The salary of the Sheriff shall increase annually, according to the Howard County Police Management Schedule, for as long as the individual holds the position of Sheriff.

(c) (1) The Sheriff shall appoint the number of deputies authorized by the county government.

(2) The compensation of the deputies shall be set by the county government.

(3) (i) Each full–time deputy sheriff at the rank of lieutenant or below appointed by the Sheriff on or after October 1, 2005:

1. Shall be required by the Sheriff to serve an initial probationary period of 12 months; and

2. May be dismissed by the Sheriff for any reason only during the initial probationary period.

(ii) The Sheriff may extend the probationary period for a deputy sheriff for reasonable cause.

(iii) During the probationary period, the Sheriff has exclusive discretion to determine whether a probationary deputy sheriff has the qualifications and ability to serve in the position of a permanent nonprobationary employee.

(iv) Each probationary deputy sheriff shall be required to complete the minimum number of hours mandated for law enforcement agencies established by the Maryland Police Training and Standards Commission.

(v) After the probationary period, a full–time deputy sheriff at a rank of lieutenant or below may be disciplined or dismissed only for just cause:

1. In accordance with the Law Enforcement Officers’ Bill of Rights, if the employee’s rights are covered under this bill of rights; or

2. In accordance with the personnel rules and regulations of the Howard County Sheriff’s Office, if the employee’s rights are not covered under the Law Enforcement Officers’ Bill of Rights.

(vi) Except for an appeal taken pursuant to the Law Enforcement Officers’ Bill of Rights, an appeal by an aggrieved party shall be taken to the Circuit Court for Howard County.

(d) (1) The Sheriff may appoint additional temporary deputy sheriffs when necessary for the public safety.

(2) The county government shall allow the temporary deputy sheriffs reasonable compensation.

(3) A temporary deputy sheriff may not serve longer than the case actually requires.

(e) The primary duties of the Sheriff are the following:

(1) The security of the circuit court, and the performance of such duties as may be required of the Sheriff by that court;

(2) The service of process of writs, summonses, orders, petitions, subpoenas, warrants, orders to show cause, and other legal papers; and

(3) Additional duties, including law enforcement as may be requested by law enforcement or other criminal justice agencies, the circuit court, or the county government, when necessary for the public safety.

(f) (1) This subsection applies only to full–time deputy sheriffs in the Sheriff’s Office at the rank of corporal and below.

(2) A deputy sheriff may:

(i) Take part in or refrain from taking part in forming, joining, supporting, or participating in a labor organization or its lawful activities;

(ii) Select a labor organization as the exclusive representative of the deputy sheriffs subject to this subsection;

(iii) Engage in collective bargaining with the Sheriff, or the designee of the Sheriff, concerning wages, benefits, and other terms and conditions, except those terms and conditions expressly reserved by the Sheriff under paragraph (5)(iv)1 of this subsection, through a labor organization certified as the exclusive representative of the deputy sheriffs subject to this subsection;

(iv) Subject to item (ii) of this paragraph, enter into a collective bargaining agreement, through the exclusive representative of the deputy sheriffs subject to this subsection, covering the wages, benefits, and other terms and conditions of employment of the deputy sheriffs subject to this subsection, except those terms and conditions expressly reserved by the Sheriff in paragraph (5)(iv) of this subsection; and

(v) Decertify a labor organization as the exclusive representative of the deputy sheriffs subject to this subsection.

(3) (i) A labor organization seeking certification as an exclusive representative must submit a petition to the Sheriff that is signed by at least 30% of the deputy sheriffs indicating the desire of the deputy sheriffs subject to this subsection to be represented exclusively by the labor organization for the purpose of collective bargaining.

(ii) If the Sheriff does not challenge the validity of the petition within 30 calendar days following the receipt of the petition, the petition shall be submitted to the Commissioner of Labor and Industry to be approved by a consent election under Title 4, Subtitle 2, Part II of the Labor and Employment Article.

(iii) If the Sheriff challenges the validity of the petition, either party may submit a request to the Commissioner of Labor and Industry to determine the validity of the petition and whether to conduct a consent election under Title 4, Subtitle 2, Part II of the Labor and Employment Article.

(iv) The costs associated with a determination by the Commissioner of Labor and Industry under subparagraph (iii) of this paragraph shall be shared equally by the parties.

(v) A labor organization shall be deemed decertified if a petition is submitted to the Sheriff that is signed by more than 50% of the deputy sheriffs indicating the desire of the deputy sheriffs to decertify the labor organization as the exclusive representative of the deputy sheriffs subject to this subsection.

(4) (i) Following certification of an exclusive representative as provided in paragraph (3) of this subsection, the certified labor organization and the Sheriff shall meet at reasonable times and engage in collective bargaining in good faith.

(ii) The certified labor organization and the Sheriff shall make every reasonable effort to conclude negotiations on or before February 1 of the year in which a collective bargaining agreement is to take effect to allow for inclusion by the Sheriff of matters agreed on in its budget request to the County Executive of Howard County.

(iii) 1. If the certified labor organization and the Sheriff are unable to reach an agreement before the date set forth in subparagraph (ii) of this paragraph, an impasse shall be deemed to have been reached, each side shall submit their best and final offers within 24 hours, and within 5 days after an impasse is reached the dispute, along with each side’s best and final offer, shall be submitted to the Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service.

2. The mediator appointed by the Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service shall meet with the parties and make written findings of fact and recommendations for the resolution of the dispute by March 1.

3. The costs associated with the mediator or mediation process shall be shared equally by the parties.

4. Copies of the mediator’s written findings and recommendations shall be sent to the Sheriff and certified labor organization.

5. The Sheriff and certified labor organization shall meet within 5 days after the conclusion of the mediation to reach a voluntary resolution of the dispute.

6. If no resolution is reached under subsubparagraph 5 of this subparagraph, the Sheriff shall submit to the County Executive the best and final offer of each side and the mediator’s findings and recommendations and the County Executive shall review all the materials before making a budget submission for the Sheriff’s Office to the County Council of Howard County.

(iv) 1. Any additional funding required as a result of a negotiated collective bargaining agreement is subject to approval by the County Executive and County Council.

2. A request for additional funding shall be submitted to the County Executive by the Sheriff within the time schedule provided in the agreement.

3. The County Executive and County Council may approve or reject a request for additional funding in whole or in part.

4. If any part of a request for additional funding is rejected, the entire agreement shall be returned to the parties for further bargaining, during which either party may renegotiate all or part of the agreement within the limits of the funding allocated by the County Executive and County Council and within a timetable established by the County Executive.

(5) (i) A collective bargaining agreement shall contain all matters of agreement reached in the collective bargaining process.

(ii) A collective bargaining agreement may contain a grievance procedure which shall apply only to questions concerning the interpretation or application of a specific provision of the agreement.

(iii) A collective bargaining agreement reached in accordance with this subsection shall be in writing and signed by the certified representatives of the parties involved in the collective bargaining negotiations.

(iv) An agreement made under this paragraph may not impair the right and the responsibility of the Sheriff to:

1. Maintain the order and efficiency of the public service entrusted to the Sheriff and to operate and manage the affairs of the Sheriff’s Office, including all rights and authority held by the Sheriff prior to signing a collective bargaining agreement except where abridged by an express provision of the agreement;

2. Determine the purposes and objectives of each of the Sheriff’s constituent offices and departments;

3. Set the standards of services to be offered to the public;

4. Determine and set work projects, tours of duty, schedules, assignments, and methods, means, personnel, and other resources by which operations are conducted;

5. Determine and set technology needs, internal security practices, equipment, and the location of facilities;

6. Exercise control and discretion over the Sheriff’s Office and operations;

7. Hire, promote, transfer, assign, or retain deputy sheriffs in positions within the Sheriff’s Office;

8. Establish work rules;

9. Demote, suspend, discharge, or take any other appropriate disciplinary action against employees for just cause and in accordance with the county charter and other applicable law;

10. Determine the mission, budget, organization, numbers, types, classes, grades, and ranks of deputy sheriffs assigned, the services to be rendered, operations to be performed, and the technology to be used;

11. Set the standards of service and exercise control over operations, including the rights to determine work shifts and the number of deputy sheriffs on each shift;

12. Determine and set the qualifications of deputy sheriffs for appointment and promotions;

13. Set the standards of performance, appearance, and conduct;

14. Judge skill, ability, and physical fitness;

15. Create, eliminate, or consolidate job classifications, departments, or operations; and

16. Control and regulate the use of all equipment and other property of the county.

(v) A collective bargaining agreement is not effective until it is ratified by the majority of votes cast by the deputy sheriffs in the bargaining unit and approved by the Sheriff.

(6) Nothing in this subsection may be construed to:

(i) Authorize or otherwise allow a deputy sheriff to engage in a strike as defined in § 3–303 of the State Personnel and Pensions Article; and

(ii) Restrict in any way the authority of the County Executive or County Council to determine the budget for the Sheriff’s Office.
Md. Code, Correctional Services § 2-113 — MD Code / Article gcs / Title 2 / Subtitle 1 / Section 2-113
§2–113.
Status: in_force

(a) Except as provided in subsection (b) of this section, the Secretary, or the Deputy Secretary with the approval of the Secretary, may exercise any power, duty, responsibility, or function of any unit, unit head, or appointing officer in the Department.

(b) The Secretary or the Deputy Secretary may not exercise a power, duty, responsibility, or function that is set forth in:

(1) §§ 7–204(b)(2), 7–205(a), and 7–401 of this article; or

(2) Title 10, Subtitle 3 of this article.
Md. Code, Insurance § 2-405 — MD Code / Article gin / Title 2 / Subtitle 4 / Section 2-405
§2–405.
Status: in_force

The Fraud Division:

(1) has the authority to investigate each person suspected of engaging in insurance fraud;

(2) if appropriate after an investigation:

(i) shall refer suspected cases of insurance fraud to the Office of the Attorney General or appropriate local State’s Attorney to prosecute the person criminally for insurance fraud;

(ii) shall notify the appropriate professional licensing board or disciplinary body of evidence of insurance fraud that involves professionals;

(iii) shall notify the appropriate professional licensing board of evidence of gross overutilization of health care services;

(iv) shall notify the Workers’ Compensation Commission of suspected cases of insurance fraud referred to the Office of the Attorney General or appropriate local State’s Attorney under subparagraph (i) of this paragraph that involve the payment of compensation, fees, or expenses under the Workers’ Compensation Law; and

(v) shall assist local and State law enforcement agencies in the prosecution of automobile theft;

(3) shall compile and abstract information that includes the number of confirmed acts of insurance fraud and the type of acts of insurance fraud;

(4) in exercising its authority under this subtitle, shall cooperate with the Department of State Police, Office of the Attorney General, local State’s Attorney in the jurisdiction in which the alleged acts of insurance fraud took place, and appropriate federal and local law enforcement authorities;

(5) shall operate or provide for a toll–free insurance fraud hot line to receive and record information about alleged acts of insurance fraud;

(6) in cooperation with the Office of the Attorney General and Department of State Police, shall conduct public outreach and awareness programs on the costs of insurance fraud to the public; and

(7) shall investigate allegations of civil fraud and, if appropriate after investigation, impose administrative penalties and order restitution in accordance with § 27–408 of this article.
Md. Code, State Personnel and Pensions § 2-303 — MD Code / Article gsp / Title 2 / Subtitle 3 / Section 2-303
§2–303.
Status: in_force

(a) The State recognizes the rights and protections afforded to its employees under federal law.

(b) (1) This subsection does not affect an age requirement established by State law or a grant of authority under State law to establish reasonable minimum or maximum age requirements.

(2) A denial of employment for medical reasons shall comply with applicable federal and State laws and regulations.

(3) Before an applicant may be denied employment or an employee terminated for medical reasons, the appointing authority or a designee of the appointing authority shall document in writing:

(i) that, under relevant provisions of federal and State law and regulations, reasonable accommodations were considered;

(ii) the specific accommodations that were considered; and

(iii) the reasons for rejecting those accommodations.

(c) (1) This subsection does not apply to temporary employees.

(2) A State employee may not be denied the opportunity to seek, qualify for, or receive any promotion solely because the employee is on leave for maternity reasons or on sick leave, if the employee is expected to return to work within 120 days after receiving notice of an interview for the position.
Md. Code, Health Occupations § 2-4A-09 — MD Code / Article gho / Title 2 / Subtitle 4A / Section 2-4A-09
§2–4A–09.
Status: in_force

A music therapist license authorizes the licensee to engage in the practice of music therapy while the license is effective.
Md. Code, Courts and Judicial Proceedings § 2-320 — MD Code / Article gcj / Title 2 / Subtitle 3 / Section 2-320
§2–320.
Status: in_force

(a) This section applies only in Carroll County.

(b) (1) The Sheriff of Carroll County shall receive an annual salary of $140,000 beginning December 5, 2023.

(2) Beginning in 2026, the salary for the Sheriff shall be $191,078.10.

(3) Beginning in 2027, the salary for the Sheriff shall be $212,309.

(c) (1) The Sheriff may employ the number of personnel necessary for the proper execution of the duties of office.

(2) Personnel shall receive the compensation set by the County Commissioners of Carroll County.

(d) (1) Personnel employed by the Sheriff:

(i) Shall be placed on a probationary status; and

(ii) May be dismissed by the Sheriff for any reason.

(2) After the probationary period, personnel may only be disciplined or dismissed for just cause:

(i) In accordance with the Law Enforcement Officers’ Bill of Rights, if the employee’s rights are covered under this bill of rights; or

(ii) In accordance with the personnel rules and regulations of the Carroll County Sheriff’s Office, if the employee’s rights are not covered under the Law Enforcement Officers’ Bill of Rights.

(e) Except for an appeal taken pursuant to the Law Enforcement Officers’ Bill of Rights, an appeal by an aggrieved party shall be taken to the Circuit Court for Carroll County.

(f) The Sheriff may also appoint a chief deputy and a warden who shall serve at the pleasure of the Sheriff.

(g) (1) Subject to paragraph (2) of this subsection, the Sheriff may appoint special deputy sheriffs who are:

(i) Members of the police force of a Carroll County municipal corporation;

(ii) Selected by the chief of police of the municipal corporation; and

(iii) Verified by the chief of police of the municipal corporation as having achieved at least the minimum level of training for police duties in a municipality as designated by the Maryland Police Training and Standards Commission.

(2) The appointment of special deputy sheriffs under paragraph (1) of this subsection is subject to the following conditions:

(i) The Sheriff may assign the duties of special deputies;

(ii) The Sheriff may terminate the appointment of a special deputy sheriff at will or on completion of the assignment for which the special deputy was appointed;

(iii) A special deputy sheriff shall remain an employee of the municipal corporation for the purpose of unemployment insurance or employee benefits; and

(iv) The Sheriff’s liability insurance coverage within its terms shall be provided to a special deputy sheriff under this section only when the special deputy is acting within the special deputy’s official duties.
Md. Code, Environment § 2-303 — MD Code / Article gen / Title 2 / Subtitle 3 / Section 2-303
§2–303.
Status: in_force

(a) The Department may not adopt any rule or regulation under this title unless the requirements of this section and the Administrative Procedure Act are met.

(b) (1) Before adopting any rule or regulation under this title, the Department shall announce and hold a public hearing on the subject.

(2) A public hearing required under this subtitle may be held using teleconference or Internet–based conferencing technology.

(c) (1) At least 30 days before the public hearing, the Department shall publish notice of the hearing in a newspaper of general circulation in the area concerned or on the Department’s website.

(2) The notice required under paragraph (1) of this subsection shall state:

(i) The date, time, and place of the hearing; and

(ii) The purpose of the hearing.

(d) The Department shall publish annually a notice in a newspaper of general circulation to inform the public of:

(1) The types of public notices required under this title that are available on the Department’s website; and

(2) A phone number or electronic mail address at the Department that a person can contact to arrange for the receipt of future public notices required under this title by first–class mail or electronic mail.

(e) After the public hearing, the Department may adopt the rule or regulation with or without modification.
Md. Code, Corporations and Associations § 2-604 — MD Code / Article gca / Title 2 / Subtitle 6 / Section 2-604
§2–604.
Status: in_force

(a) This section does not apply to a charter amendment by the board of directors in accordance with § 2–105(a)(13) or § 2–309(e) of this title.

(b) A charter amendment by a Maryland corporation registered as an open–end investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940 shall be approved by a majority of the entire board of directors and in the manner and by the vote required under the Investment Company Act of 1940.

(c) If there is any stock outstanding or subscribed for and entitled to be voted on the charter amendment, it shall be approved as provided in this section.

(d) Except as provided in § 2–112 of this title and subsection (b) of this section, the board of directors of a corporation proposing a charter amendment shall:

(1) Adopt a resolution which sets forth the proposed amendment and declares that it is advisable; and

(2) Direct that the proposed amendment be submitted for consideration at either an annual or a special meeting of the stockholders.

(e) (1) Notice which states that a purpose of the meeting will be to act on the proposed amendment shall be given by the corporation in the manner required by Subtitle 5 of this title to:

(i) Each stockholder entitled to vote on the proposed amendment; and

(ii) Each stockholder not entitled to vote on the proposed amendment if the contract rights of his stock, as expressly set forth in the charter, would be altered by the amendment.

(2) The notice shall:

(i) Include a copy of the amendment or a summary of the changes it will effect; or

(ii) 1. Identify a website at which the amendment or a summary of the changes it will effect may be accessed; and

2. Include a telephone number or an address where the stockholder may request a paper copy of the amendment or summary without charge.

(f) Except as provided in subsection (b) of this section, the proposed amendment shall be approved by the stockholders of the corporation by the affirmative vote of two–thirds of all the votes entitled to be cast on the matter.
Md. Code, Corporations and Associations § 2-102 — MD Code / Article gca / Title 2 / Subtitle 1 / Section 2-102
§2–102.
Status: in_force

(a) Except as provided elsewhere in this section, in order to form a corporation, one or more adult individuals acting as incorporators shall:

(1) Sign and acknowledge articles of incorporation; and

(2) File them for record with the Department.

(b) (1) A proposed corporation becomes a body corporate under the name and subject to the purposes, conditions, and provisions stated in the articles of incorporation, effective as of the later of:

(i) The time the Department accepts the articles for record; or

(ii) The time established under the articles, not later than 30 days after the Department accepts the articles for record.

(2) Except in a proceeding by the State for forfeiture of a corporation’s charter, acceptance of the articles for record by the Department is conclusive evidence of the formation of the corporation.

(3) (i) The Department may not accept articles of incorporation from a fire or rescue organization to be located in Frederick County for the purpose of providing fire or rescue service in Frederick County unless the articles are accompanied by a written resolution of the governing body of Frederick County indicating approval of the proposed incorporation.

(ii) Incorporated municipalities in Frederick County with primary responsibility for governmental funding for fire service shall within their jurisdiction hold those powers assigned to the governing body of Frederick County in this paragraph.
Md. Code, Business Regulation § 2-106.16 — MD Code / Article gbr / Title 2 / Subtitle 1 / Section 2-106.16
§2–106.
Status: in_force

§2–106.16.

(a) The Secretary shall annually calculate the direct and indirect costs attributable to the Department under Title 8.5 of this article.

(b) The Department shall establish fees based on the calculations provided by the Secretary under this section.

(c) Each fee established by the Department under Title 8.5 of this article may not be increased annually by more than 12.5% of the existing and corresponding fees of the Department under Title 8.5 of this article.
Md. Code, Tax - General § 2-613 — MD Code / Article gtg / Title 2 / Subtitle 6 / Section 2-613
§2–613.
Status: in_force

From the income tax revenue from corporations, the Comptroller shall distribute the amount necessary to pay refunds relating to income tax from corporations to the income tax refund account.
Md. Code, Health Occupations § 2-315 — MD Code / Article gho / Title 2 / Subtitle 3 / Section 2-315
§2–315.
Status: in_force

(a) Except as otherwise provided in the Administrative Procedure Act, before the Board takes any action under § 2–314 of this subtitle or denies a license or a limited license for any other reason, it shall give the individual against whom the action is contemplated an opportunity for a hearing before the Board.

(b) The Board shall give notice and hold the hearing in accordance with the Administrative Procedure Act.

(c) Any notice given under this section shall be sent by first–class mail to the last known address given to the Board by the individual.

(d) If after due notice the individual against whom the action is contemplated fails or refuses to appear, nevertheless the Board may hear and determine the matter.

(e) Over the signature of an officer or the administrator of the Board, the Board may issue a subpoena or administer an oath in connection with an investigation, hearing, or proceeding by the Board.

(f) If, after a hearing, a licensee is found in violation of this title, the licensee shall pay costs of the hearing as specified in regulations adopted by the Board.
Md. Code, General Provisions § 2-302 — MD Code / Article ggp / Title 2 / Subtitle 3 / Section 2-302
§2–302.
Status: in_force

(a) The clerk of each circuit court shall regularly report to the Secretary of State the names and offices of all officers who have taken and subscribed an oath before the clerk.

(b) The Secretary of State:

(1) shall preserve a report required by subsection (a) of this section; and

(2) equally with the clerk of a circuit court, is competent to certify that an officer has qualified by taking and subscribing an oath before the clerk.
Md. Code, Business Occupations and Professions § 2-204 — MD Code / Article gbo / Title 2 / Subtitle 2 / Section 2-204
§2–204.
Status: in_force

(a) A majority of the members then serving on the Board is a quorum.

(b) The Board shall determine the times and places of its meetings.

(c) Each member of the Board is entitled to:

(1) compensation in accordance with the State budget; and

(2) reimbursement for expenses under the Standard State Travel Regulations, as provided in the State budget.

(d) The Board may employ a staff in accordance with the State budget.
Md. Code, Commercial Law § 2A-106 — MD Code / Article gcl / Title 2A / Subtitle 1 / Section 2A-106
§2A–106.
Status: in_force

(1) If the law chosen by the parties to a consumer lease is that of a jurisdiction other than a jurisdiction: (a) in which the lessee resides at the time the lease agreement becomes enforceable or within 30 days thereafter; (b) in which the goods are to be used; or (c) if the goods are to be used in more than one jurisdiction, none of which is the residence of the lessee, in which the lease is executed by the lessee, the choice is not enforceable.

(2) If the judicial forum chosen by the parties to a consumer lease is a forum that would not otherwise have jurisdiction over the lessee, the choice is not enforceable.
Md. Code, Correctional Services § 2-701 — MD Code / Article gcs / Title 2 / Subtitle 7 / Section 2-701
§2–701.
Status: in_force

(a) The Department shall assist incarcerated individuals in accessing federal Pell Grants for higher education.

(b) In order to assist incarcerated individuals in accessing federal Pell Grants, the Department shall consult with institutions of higher education, including:

(1) all University System of Maryland institutions;

(2) Morgan State University;

(3) Anne Arundel Community College;

(4) Hagerstown Community College;

(5) Wor–Wic Community College; and

(6) Goucher College.
Md. Code, Financial Institutions § 2-111 — MD Code / Article gfi / Title 2 / Subtitle 1 / Section 2-111
§2–111.
Status: in_force

(a) The Commissioner, employees of the Commissioner’s office, and other State employees acting under supervision of the Commissioner’s office may not own stock in any institution that is subject to examination or supervision by the Commissioner.

(b) This section does not apply to a member share account of the Commissioner, an employee of the Commissioner’s office, or other State employees acting under the supervision of the Commissioner’s office held at a credit union that has a membership of over 60,000 State employees.
Md. Code, State Finance and Procurement § 2-210 — MD Code / Article gsf / Title 2 / Subtitle 2 / Section 2-210
§2–210.
Status: in_force

§2–210. IN EFFECT

(a) (1) In this section the following words have the meanings indicated.

(2) “Council” means the Maryland Efficient Grant Application Council established under § 2–209 of this subtitle.

(3) “Department” means the Department of Budget and Management.

(4) (i) “Grant” means a legal instrument of financial assistance between a State grant–making entity and a non–State entity that is:

1. used to enter into a relationship the principal purpose of which is to transfer anything of value from the grant–making entity to the grant recipient to carry out a public purpose authorized by law and not to acquire property or services for the direct benefit or use of the grant–making entity; and

2. distinguished from a cooperative agreement in that it does not provide for substantial involvement between the grant–making entity and the grant recipient in carrying out the activity contemplated by the award.

(ii) “Grant” does not include an instrument that provides only:

1. direct government cash assistance to an individual;

2. a subsidy;

3. a loan;

4. a loan guarantee;

5. insurance;

6. grants made by the State higher education system, the capital budget, the Department of Transportation, or the Maryland Technology Development Corporation;

7. business development grants made by the Department of Commerce; or

8. any State funding that is required annually and is calculated through a formula set in statute.

(5) “Grant application form” means a grant application template and related materials required to be submitted by grant applicants, including:

(i) required organizational materials; and

(ii) proposed budget categories and line items.

(6) “Uniform Guidance” means the Office of Management and Budget Uniform Administrative Requirements, Cost Principles, and Audit Requirements for Federal Awards, 2 C.F.R. Part 200.

(b) (1) In order to improve efficiency, streamline and reduce redundant processes, reduce paperwork and administrative burdens on both granting agencies and grant recipients, and facilitate development and implementation of a statewide centralized grants management and accountability system, the Council shall study and make recommendations to the Department regarding the entire grants life cycle, including:

(i) the creation of the following materials for use by grant–making agencies, grant applicants, and grant recipients in the State:

1. a uniform grant application form;

2. uniform financial controls and reporting requirements for grant recipients; and

3. uniform performance progress reporting requirements for grant recipients;

(ii) regulations adopting each part of the Uniform Guidance, with appropriate modifications for its application to grant–making entities in the State, including modifications or variances based on the scope or size of particular grant programs, grant–making entities, or grantees;

(iii) recommended timeframes and deadlines for the various tasks included in items (i) and (ii) of this paragraph;

(iv) recommended deadlines for use and implementation by the various grant–making entities of the materials prepared in accordance with item (i) of this paragraph; and

(v) recommended deadlines for grant–making entities to administer State and federal grants in accordance with the provisions of parts of Uniform Guidance as adopted by the Department by regulation.

(2) In developing materials and recommendations under this subsection, the Council shall:

(i) solicit the input of diverse stakeholders, including grant–making agencies and organizations representing local governments, grant professionals, experts in nonprofit accounting and auditing, and nonprofit service providers; and

(ii) establish one or more issue working groups, composed of stakeholders representing diverse backgrounds appropriate to the charge of each workgroup, and also reflecting the demographic diversity of the State and the diversity of grant programs and grant recipients, including arts, history, and social service, to participate in and facilitate the process of developing recommendations.

(c) On or before July 1, 2027, the Council shall submit a report on its full recommendations as required by subsection (b)(1) of this section to the Department and the General Assembly, in accordance with § 2–1257 of the State Government Article.

(d) On or before October 1, 2020, each State grant–making agency shall appoint a Chief Accountability Officer who shall:

(1) serve as a liaison to the Council and the Department; and

(2) be responsible for the agency’s representation and participation in the process established under this section.

(e) The Department shall provide technical assistance and interpretations of policy requirements in order to ensure the effective and efficient implementation of this section.

§2–210. // EFFECTIVE JUNE 30, 2027 PER CHAPTERS 314 AND 315 OF 2025 //

// EFFECTIVE UNTIL JUNE 30, 2029 PER CHAPTERS 28 AND 29 OF 2024 //

(a) (1) In this section the following words have the meanings indicated.

(2) “Council” means the Maryland Efficient Grant Application Council established under § 2–209 of this subtitle.

(3) “Department” means the Department of Budget and Management.

(4) (i) “Grant” means a legal instrument of financial assistance between a State grant–making entity and a non–State entity that is:

1. used to enter into a relationship the principal purpose of which is to transfer anything of value from the grant–making entity to the grant recipient to carry out a public purpose authorized by law and not to acquire property or services for the direct benefit or use of the grant–making entity; and

2. distinguished from a cooperative agreement in that it does not provide for substantial involvement between the grant–making entity and the grant recipient in carrying out the activity contemplated by the award.

(ii) “Grant” does not include an instrument that provides only:

1. direct government cash assistance to an individual;

2. a subsidy;

3. a loan;

4. a loan guarantee;

5. insurance;

6. grants made by the State higher education system, the capital budget, the Department of Transportation, or the Maryland Technology Development Corporation;

7. business development grants made by the Department of Commerce; or

8. any State funding that is required annually and is calculated through a formula set in statute.

(5) “Grant application form” means a grant application template and related materials required to be submitted by grant applicants, including:

(i) required organizational materials; and

(ii) proposed budget categories and line items.

(6) “Uniform Guidance” means the Office of Management and Budget Uniform Administrative Requirements, Cost Principles, and Audit Requirements for Federal Awards, 2 C.F.R. Part 200.

(b) (1) In order to improve efficiency, streamline and reduce redundant processes, reduce paperwork and administrative burdens on both granting agencies and grant recipients, and facilitate development and implementation of a statewide centralized grants management and accountability system, the Council shall study and make recommendations to the Department regarding the entire grants life cycle, including:

(i) the creation of the following materials for use by grant–making agencies, grant applicants, and grant recipients in the State:

1. a uniform grant application form;

2. uniform financial controls and reporting requirements for grant recipients; and

3. uniform performance progress reporting requirements for grant recipients;

(ii) the creation of a State Grants Ombudsperson to provide technical assistance with:

1. accessing and navigating State grant programs;

2. resolving delays in the grant–making process; and

3. collecting and disseminating information on opportunities for grants from federal, State, and local government;

(iii) regulations adopting each part of the Uniform Guidance, with appropriate modifications for its application to grant–making entities in the State, including modifications or variances based on the scope or size of particular grant programs, grant–making entities, or grantees;

(iv) recommended timeframes and deadlines for the various tasks included in items (i) through (iii) of this paragraph;

(v) recommended deadlines for use and implementation by the various grant–making entities of the materials prepared in accordance with item (i) of this paragraph; and

(vi) recommended deadlines for grant–making entities to administer State and federal grants in accordance with the provisions of parts of Uniform Guidance as adopted by the Department by regulation.

(2) In developing materials and recommendations under this subsection, the Council shall:

(i) solicit the input of diverse stakeholders, including grant–making agencies and organizations representing local governments, grant professionals, experts in nonprofit accounting and auditing, and nonprofit service providers; and

(ii) establish one or more issue working groups, composed of stakeholders representing diverse backgrounds appropriate to the charge of each workgroup, and also reflecting the demographic diversity of the State and the diversity of grant programs and grant recipients, including arts, history, and social service, to participate in and facilitate the process of developing recommendations.

(c) On or before July 1, 2027, the Council shall submit a report on its full recommendations as required by subsection (b)(1) of this section to the Department and the General Assembly, in accordance with § 2–1257 of the State Government Article.

(d) On or before October 1, 2020, each State grant–making agency shall appoint a Chief Accountability Officer who shall:

(1) serve as a liaison to the Council and the Department; and

(2) be responsible for the agency’s representation and participation in the process established under this section.

(e) The Department shall provide technical assistance and interpretations of policy requirements in order to ensure the effective and efficient implementation of this section.
Md. Code, Environment § 2-402 — MD Code / Article gen / Title 2 / Subtitle 4 / Section 2-402
§2–402.
Status: in_force

The Department may not require a permit or registration for:

(1) Any machinery or equipment that normally is used in a mobile manner;

(2) Any boiler used exclusively to operate steam engines for farm and domestic use;

(3) The construction of a generating station constructed by a person that is required to obtain a certificate of public convenience and necessity under §§ 7–207 and 7–208 of the Public Utilities Article and regulations adopted by the Public Service Commission;

(4) Actual construction of buildings, apart from any possible emission producing machinery housed in the buildings;

(5) Any parking garage; or

(6) Any parking lot.
Md. Code, Agriculture § 2-1603 — MD Code / Article gag / Title 2 / Subtitle 16 / Section 2-1603
§2–1603.
Status: in_force

§2–1603. IN EFFECT

// EFFECTIVE UNTIL SEPTEMBER 30, 2032 PER CHAPTER 92 OF 2022 //

(a) (1) In accordance with paragraph (2) of this subsection, the Secretary shall establish a fee on each brand name or product name of commercial feed that is:

(i) Prepared and distributed for consumption by a dog or cat; and

(ii) Registered in the State under § 6–107 of this article.

(2) The fee established under this subsection is:

(i) From October 1, 2013, through September 30, 2014, inclusive, $50;

(ii) From October 1, 2014, through September 30, 2015, inclusive, $75; and

(iii) After September 30, 2015, $100.

(b) The fee established under subsection (a) of this section shall be paid by the person registering the commercial feed in accordance with the collection and reporting guidelines established by the Department by regulation.

(c) Any fee collected under this section shall be paid into the Fund.
Md. Code, State Government § 2-1202 — MD Code / Article gsg / Title 2 / Subtitle 12 / Section 2-1202
§2–1202.
Status: in_force

There is a Department of Legislative Services in the Legislative Branch of the State government.
Md. Code, Insurance § 2-205 — MD Code / Article gin / Title 2 / Subtitle 2 / Section 2-205
§2–205.
Status: in_force

(a) In this section, “analysis” means a process by which the Commissioner collects and analyzes information from filed schedules, surveys, required reports specified in subsection (b) of this section, and other sources in order to:

(1) develop an understanding of the affairs, transactions, accounts, records, assets, and financial condition of the entities specified in subsection (b) of this section; or

(2) identify or investigate patterns or practices of the entities specified in subsection (b) of this section.

(b) (1) Whenever the Commissioner considers it advisable, the Commissioner shall conduct an analysis or examine the affairs, transactions, accounts, records, assets, and financial condition of each:

(i) authorized insurer;

(ii) management company of an authorized insurer;

(iii) subsidiary owned or controlled by an authorized insurer;

(iv) rating organization; or

(v) authorized health maintenance organization.

(2) The Commissioner shall examine each domestic insurer and health maintenance organization at least once every 5 years.

(c) The Commissioner shall examine the affairs, transactions, accounts, records, and assets of:

(1) each insurer and each health maintenance organization that applies for an original certificate of authority to do business in the State; and

(2) each rating organization that applies for a license to do business in the State.

(d) When examining a reciprocal insurer, the Commissioner may examine the attorney in fact of the reciprocal insurer to the extent that the transactions of the attorney in fact relate to the reciprocal insurer.

(e) The Commissioner may limit the examination of an alien insurer to its insurance transactions and affairs in the United States.

(f) Instead of conducting an examination, the Commissioner may accept a full report, certified by the insurance supervisory official of another state, of the most recent examination of a foreign insurer or health maintenance organization, alien insurer or health maintenance organization, or an out–of–state rating organization.
Md. Code, Natural Resources § 2-406 — MD Code / Article gnr / Title 2 / Subtitle 4 / Section 2-406
§2–406.
Status: in_force

This section does not require either the Maryland Historical Society or the Historical Society of Pennsylvania to surrender or deliver to the Department the Mason and Dixon Monument placed in the custody of each society by the mutual consent of the State and the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania in 1902.
Md. Code, Public Safety § 2-504 — MD Code / Article gps / Title 2 / Subtitle 5 / Section 2-504
§2–504.
Status: in_force

(a) (1) In accordance with regulations adopted under this subtitle, an individual who is convicted of a felony or a violation of § 6–205 or § 6–206 of the Criminal Law Article shall:

(i) have a DNA sample collected either at the time of sentence or on intake to a correctional facility, if the individual is sentenced to a term of imprisonment; or

(ii) provide a DNA sample as a condition of sentence or probation, if the individual is not sentenced to a term of imprisonment.

(2) An individual who was convicted of a felony or a violation of § 6–205 or § 6–206 of the Criminal Law Article on or before October 1, 2003 and who remains confined in a correctional facility on or after October 1, 1999, shall submit a DNA sample to the Department.

(3) (i) In accordance with regulations adopted under this subtitle, a DNA sample shall be collected from an individual who is charged with:

1. a crime of violence or an attempt to commit a crime of violence; or

2. burglary or an attempt to commit burglary.

(ii) At the time of collection of the DNA sample under this paragraph, the individual from whom a sample is collected shall be given notice that the DNA record may be expunged and the DNA sample destroyed in accordance with § 2–511 of this subtitle.

(iii) DNA evidence collected from a crime scene or collected as evidence of sexual assault at a hospital that a law enforcement investigator considers relevant to the identification or exoneration of a suspect shall be tested as soon as reasonably possible following collection of the sample.

(4) An individual required to register as a sex offender under § 11–704 of the Criminal Procedure Article shall have a DNA sample collected by the supervising authority where the individual is initially required to register.

(b) In accordance with regulations adopted under this subtitle, each DNA sample required to be collected under this section shall be collected:

(1) by an individual who is:

(i) designated by the Director; and

(ii) trained in the collection procedures that the Crime Laboratory uses; and

(2) (i) at the time the individual is charged, by an employee of a booking facility or the arresting agency;

(ii) after a conviction of a qualifying crime under subsection (a)(1) of this section:

1. by an employee of a correctional facility at the time of intake at the correctional facility where the individual is confined, if the individual is confined in a correctional facility on or after October 1, 2003, or is sentenced to a term of imprisonment on or after October 1, 2003;

2. at a facility specified by the Director, if the individual is on probation or is not sentenced to a term of imprisonment; or

3. at a suitable location in a circuit court following the imposition of sentence; or

(iii) at the time of registration as a sex offender under § 11–704 of the Criminal Procedure Article, by the supervising authority where the individual is initially required to register, if applicable.

(c) Before releasing an individual from custody, the custodial agency or correctional facility shall ensure that the individual’s DNA sample has been collected in accordance with this section.

(d) (1) In this subsection, “police officer” has the meaning stated in § 3–301 of this article.

(2) A DNA sample collected from an individual charged with a crime under subsection (a)(3) of this section may only be tested or placed in the statewide DNA database system:

(i) if:

1. a determination is made by a judge or commissioner of the District Court or a judge of the circuit court, based on an application for a statement of charges filed by a police officer or a State’s Attorney, that probable cause exists for a qualifying crime in accordance with the Maryland Rules;

2. the individual has been arrested for a qualifying crime in accordance with an arrest warrant based on an application for a statement of charges filed by a police officer or a State’s Attorney;

3. an information is filed by a State’s Attorney for a qualifying crime in accordance with § 4–102 of the Criminal Procedure Article; or

4. an indictment is returned by a grand jury charging the individual with a qualifying crime; or

(ii) unless requested or consented to by the individual as provided in paragraph (4) of this subsection.

(3) If all qualifying criminal charges are determined to be unsupported by probable cause:

(i) the DNA sample shall be immediately destroyed; and

(ii) notice shall be sent to the defendant and counsel of record for the defendant that the sample was destroyed.

(4) An individual may request or consent to have the individual’s DNA sample processed prior to a probable cause determination for the sole purpose of having the sample checked against a sample that:

(i) has been processed from the crime scene or the hospital; and

(ii) is related to the charges against the individual.

(e) A second DNA sample shall be taken if needed to obtain sufficient DNA for the statewide DNA database system or if ordered by the court for good cause shown.

(f) Failure of an individual who is not sentenced to a term of imprisonment to provide a DNA sample within 90 days after notice by the Director is a violation of probation.

(g) (1) An individual may not refuse to provide a DNA sample in accordance with this section.

(2) An individual who violates paragraph (1) of this subsection is guilty of a misdemeanor and on conviction is subject to a fine not exceeding $1,000.

(h) (1) An employee who attempts to collect a DNA sample in accordance with this section, but is unable to collect the sample because the individual who is required to submit the sample refuses to do so, shall be deemed to have discharged the employee’s duty under this section.

(2) A refusal to submit a DNA sample as required under this section shall be referred to the State’s Attorney’s office for prosecution under subsection (g) of this section.
Md. Code, Insurance § 2-502 — MD Code / Article gin / Title 2 / Subtitle 5 / Section 2-502
§2–502.
Status: in_force

(a) The Commissioner shall collect an annual assessment fee from each insurer as provided in subsection (b) of this section.

(b) The assessment fee shall be calculated as follows:

(1) for each health insurer, the assessment fee is the product of the fraction obtained by dividing the gross direct premium written by the health insurer in the prior calendar year by the total amount of gross direct premium written by all health insurers in the prior calendar year, multiplied by the health insurer assessment portion;

(2) for each life insurer, the assessment fee is the product of the fraction obtained by dividing the gross direct premium written by the life insurer in the prior calendar year by the total amount of gross direct premium written by all life insurers in the prior calendar year, multiplied by the life insurer assessment portion;

(3) for each property and casualty insurer, the assessment fee is the product of the fraction obtained by dividing the gross direct premium written by the property and casualty insurer in the prior calendar year by the total amount of gross direct premiums written by all property and casualty insurers in the prior calendar year, multiplied by the property and casualty insurer assessment portion; and

(4) for each domestic reinsurer subject to § 4–115(b)(2)(ii) and (c)(3) of this article, the assessment fee is the average of the assessment fee paid by the 100 property and casualty insurers with the highest gross direct written premium in the prior calendar year.

(c) For the purpose of calculating the assessment fee in subsection (b) of this section, a multiple type insurer shall be considered either a health insurer, a life insurer, or a property and casualty insurer based on the majority of premium type written.

(d) Notwithstanding any other provision of this subtitle, the minimum assessment shall be $300 for each authorized insurer.
Md. Code, Health Occupations § 2-402.4 — MD Code / Article gho / Title 2 / Subtitle 4 / Section 2-402.4
§2–402.
Status: in_force

§2–402.4.

(a) Unless authorized to practice as an audiology assistant under this title or unless otherwise provided for under this article, a person may not represent to the public, by title, description of services, methods, or procedures, or otherwise, that the person:

(1) Is authorized to practice as an audiology assistant in the State; or

(2) Assists in the practice of audiology.

(b) Unless authorized to practice as an audiology assistant under this title or unless otherwise provided for under this article, a person may not use any word or term connoting professional proficiency in assisting the practice of audiology, including:

(1) “Audiology assistant”;

(2) “Audiologist assistant”;

(3) “Audiometry assistant”;

(4) “Audiometrist assistant”;

(5) “Audiological assistant”;

(6) “Hearing aid technician”; or

(7) “Cochlear implant technician”.
Md. Code, Alcoholic Beverages and Cannabis § 2-104 — MD Code / Article gab / Title 2 / Subtitle 1 / Section 2-104
§2–104.
Status: in_force

A permit holder may not accept or deliver alcoholic beverages except as provided in this article and the Tax – General Article.
Md. Code, Education § 2-206.1 — MD Code / Article ged / Title 2 / Subtitle 2 / Section 2-206.1
§2–206.
Status: in_force

§2–206.1.

(a) A nonpublic school that is subject to the requirements of this title may not hire or retain any employee who works with or has access to students and who the school knows has been convicted of a crime involving:

(1) An offense under § 3–307 or § 3–308 of the Criminal Law Article or an offense under the laws of another state that would constitute a violation of § 3–307 or § 3–308 of the Criminal Law Article if committed in the State;

(2) Child sexual abuse under § 3–602 of the Criminal Law Article, or an offense under the laws of another state that would constitute child sexual abuse under § 3–602 of the Criminal Law Article if committed in this State; or

(3) A crime of violence as defined in § 14–101 of the Criminal Law Article, or an offense under the laws of another state that would be a violation of § 14–101 of the Criminal Law Article if committed in this State.

(b) A nonpublic school contract shall provide that a contractor or subcontractor for the school may not knowingly assign an employee to work on school premises with direct, unsupervised, and uncontrolled access to children, if the employee has been convicted of a crime identified under subsection (a) of this section.

(c) The State Board:

(1) Shall revoke the certificate of approval or letter of tentative approval of a nonpublic school that violates subsection (a) of this section; and

(2) May revoke the certificate of approval or letter of tentative approval of a nonpublic school that violates subsection (b) of this section.
Md. Code, Business Regulation § 2-103.2 — MD Code / Article gbr / Title 2 / Subtitle 1 / Section 2-103.2
§2–103.
Status: in_force

§2–103.2.

The Department shall have at least one full–time staff member who is responsible for:

(1) defining, identifying, and compiling data on State and regional workforce needs; and

(2) working collaboratively with the Department of Commerce and the Maryland Higher Education Commission to produce uniform and consistent baseline data, including common sources and measurements, about workforce needs to inform State policies relating to postsecondary education.
Md. Code, Labor and Employment § 2-105 — MD Code / Article gle / Title 2 / Subtitle 1 / Section 2-105
§2–105.
Status: in_force

In addition to any duties set forth elsewhere, the Commissioner shall:

(1) try to promote harmony between industry and labor;

(2) try to promote and develop the welfare of wage earners; and

(3) accept grants of money from the federal government or any of its units or agents for a matter within the jurisdiction of the Division.
Md. Code, Estates and Trusts § 2-210 — MD Code / Article get / Title 2 / Subtitle 2 / Section 2-210
§2–210.
Status: in_force

Within five days after receiving the text of the first published newspaper notice as provided in § 7–103 of this article and the written notice from the personal representative of the names and addresses of the heirs and legatees as provided in § 7–104 of this article, the register shall forward to each such person a copy of the newspaper notice published according to § 7–104 of this article, in the manner prescribed in § 1–103(a) of this article, directed according to the information received from the personal representative.
Md. Code, Business Occupations and Professions § 2-210 — MD Code / Article gbo / Title 2 / Subtitle 2 / Section 2-210
§2–210.
Status: in_force

Any person aggrieved by a final decision of the Board in a contested case, as defined in § 10-202 of the State Government Article, may take an appeal as allowed in §§ 10-222 and 10-223 of the State Government Article.
Md. Code, Commercial Law § 2A-507 — MD Code / Article gcl / Title 2A / Subtitle 5 / Section 2A-507
§2A–507.
Status: in_force

(1) Damages based on market rent (§ 2A-519 or § 2A-528) are determined according to the rent for the use of the goods concerned for a lease term identical to the remaining lease term of the original lease agreement and prevailing at the times specified in §§ 2A-519 and 2A-528.

(2) If evidence of rent for the use of the goods concerned for a lease term identical to the remaining lease term of the original lease agreement and prevailing at the times or places described in this title is not readily available, the rent prevailing within any reasonable time before or after the time described or at any other place or for a different lease term which in commercial judgment or under usage of trade would serve as a reasonable substitute for the one described may be used, making any proper allowance for the difference, including the cost of transporting the goods to or from the other place.

(3) Evidence of a relevant rent prevailing at a time or place or for a lease term other than the one described in this title offered by one party is not admissible unless and until he (or she) has given the other party notice the court finds sufficient to prevent unfair surprise.

(4) If the prevailing rent or value of any goods regularly leased in any established market is in issue, reports in official publications or trade journals or in newspapers or periodicals of general circulation published as the reports of that market are admissible in evidence. The circumstances of the preparation of the report may be shown to affect its weight but not its admissibility.
Md. Code, General Provisions § 2-205 — MD Code / Article ggp / Title 2 / Subtitle 2 / Section 2-205
§2–205.
Status: in_force

Except for a mayor or chief executive officer of a municipal corporation, all officers of a municipal corporation shall take an oath before the mayor or chief executive officer of the municipal corporation if an oath is required by State or local law.
Md. Code, Public Safety § 2-310 — MD Code / Article gps / Title 2 / Subtitle 3 / Section 2-310
§2–310.
Status: in_force

(a) Unless sufficient facilities are not available, the managing official of a correctional facility shall receive and confine an individual arrested by a police employee without warrant or on warrant from a county.

(b) (1) An individual confined under subsection (a) of this section:

(i) is deemed to be in the custody of the Department; and

(ii) shall remain confined until a court of competent jurisdiction issues a warrant or other process, or the individual is returned to the county.

(2) Before the issuance of a warrant or process, an individual confined under subsection (a) of this section may be released only to and on written order of a police employee.

(c) (1) This section does not abridge the right of an individual to be taken before a judicial officer of the State promptly after arrest.

(2) The managing official of a correctional facility in which an individual is confined under this section, shall notify the State’s Attorney immediately if the individual is confined for more than 12 hours.
Md. Code, Courts and Judicial Proceedings § 2-213 — MD Code / Article gcj / Title 2 / Subtitle 2 / Section 2-213
§2–213.
Status: in_force

(a) Except as otherwise provided in this section, the clerk of a circuit court is entitled to 5% of all public money that the clerk receives, collects, and pays over.

(b) The Clerk of the Circuit Court for Anne Arundel County is entitled to receive:

(1) 3% of the amount collected for the tax applicable to instruments recorded with the Clerk under Title 12 of the Tax – Property Article; and

(2) 5% of all other public money that the Clerk receives, collects, and pays over.

(c) The Clerk of the Circuit Court for Baltimore City is entitled to receive:

(1) 2.5% of the amount collected from the tax applicable to instruments recorded with the Clerk under Title 12 of the Tax – Property Article; and

(2) 5% of all other public money that the Clerk receives, collects, and pays over.

(d) The Clerk of the Circuit Court for Baltimore County is entitled to receive:

(1) 3% of the amount collected from the tax applicable to instruments recorded with the Clerk under Title 12 of the Tax – Property Article; and

(2) 5% of all other public money that the Clerk receives, collects, and pays over.

(e) (1) Notwithstanding subsection (a) of this section, the Clerk of the Circuit Court for Charles County shall:

(i) Deduct from collection fees for the tax collected under Title 12 of the Tax – Property Article the cost of two–thirds of the salaries and benefits of the court reporters for the Circuit Court of Charles County; and

(ii) Pay the amount deducted to the Charles County Treasurer.

(2) The Clerk shall make the payment promptly after receipt of a voucher from the Charles County Treasurer stating the amount of the salaries and benefits paid to the court reporters.

(f) The Clerk of the Circuit Court for Harford County is entitled to:

(1) 3% of the amount collected from the tax applicable to instruments recorded with the Clerk under Title 12 of the Tax – Property Article; and

(2) 5% of all other public money that the Clerk receives, collects, and pays over.

(g) The Clerk of the Circuit Court for Montgomery County is entitled to 3% of all public money that the Clerk receives, collects, and pays over.

(h) Notwithstanding subsection (a) of this section, the Clerk of the Circuit Court for St. Mary’s County is not entitled to a collection fee for collecting the county transfer tax under Chapter 138 of the Public Local Laws of St. Mary’s County when the Clerk collects both the recordation tax under Title 12 of the Tax – Property Article and the county transfer tax for the filing of a single instrument.

(i) Notwithstanding subsection (a) of this section, the Clerk of the Circuit Court for Washington County is not entitled to a collection fee for collecting the county transfer tax under § 2–702 of the Public Local Laws of Washington County when the Clerk collects both the recordation tax under Title 12 of the Tax – Property Article and the county transfer tax for the filing of a single instrument.
Md. Code, Health - General § 2-108 — MD Code / Article ghg / Title 2 / Subtitle 1 / Section 2-108
§2–108.
Status: in_force

(a) On the Secretary’s initiative or on request of a community or voluntary, nonprofit organization, the Secretary may conduct a survey to identify any area in this State that has a substantial deficiency in general or specific medical or health care facilities, staff, or services.

(b) In cooperation with appropriate county and State groups, the Secretary may provide the community or organization with counsel and other help to establish medical or health care facilities or services and to recruit medical or health care staff in an underserved area identified as a result of the survey conducted in accordance with subsection (a) of this section.

(c) If the counsel and other help provided under subsection (b) of this section do not result in feasible or successful proposals, or if other action is necessary to assure the public health of the underserved area, the Secretary may:

(1) Provide the needed health care facilities, staff, or services by contract with one or more physicians, hospitals, or other medical groups or personnel; or

(2) To facilitate the provision of State health care services to the underserved area, approve a contract or other written arrangement with a public or private health care entity, including:

(i) A federally qualified health center;

(ii) A health care facility, as defined in § 19–114 of this article;

(iii) A health benefit plan or insurance carrier;

(iv) A health maintenance organization;

(v) A managed care organization; and

(vi) Any other entity that finances the provision of or delivers health care services to the area.
Md. Code, Real Property § 2-108 — MD Code / Article grp / Title 2 / Subtitle 1 / Section 2-108
§2–108.
Status: in_force

A covenant by the grantor in a deed “that he has the right to grant the land” has the same effect as if the grantor had covenanted that he has good right, full power, and absolute authority to grant the land to the grantee in the deed, in the manner in which the land is granted, or intended to be, by the deed, according to its true intent.
Md. Code, State Government § 2-1101 — MD Code / Article gsg / Title 2 / Subtitle 11 / Section 2-1101
§2–1101.
Status: in_force

(a) When the General Assembly is not in session, any decision that relates to or affects a member of a committee of the General Assembly shall be made:

(1) as to a Senate member, by the President; and

(2) as to a House member, by the Speaker.

(b) The responsibilities of the President and the Speaker under this section include:

(1) appointing members of committees;

(2) appointing officers of committees; and

(3) setting the dates, times, and places for committee meetings.
Md. Code, Criminal Law § 2-201 — MD Code / Article gcr / Title 2 / Subtitle 2 / Section 2-201
§2–201.
Status: in_force

(a) A murder is in the first degree if it is:

(1) a deliberate, premeditated, and willful killing;

(2) committed by lying in wait;

(3) committed by poison; or

(4) committed in the perpetration of or an attempt to perpetrate:

(i) arson in the first degree;

(ii) burning a barn, stable, tobacco house, warehouse, or other outbuilding that:

1. is not parcel to a dwelling; and

2. contains cattle, goods, wares, merchandise, horses, grain, hay, or tobacco;

(iii) burglary in the first, second, or third degree;

(iv) carjacking or armed carjacking;

(v) escape in the first degree from a State correctional facility or a local correctional facility;

(vi) kidnapping under § 3–502 or § 3–503(a)(2) of this article;

(vii) mayhem;

(viii) rape;

(ix) robbery under § 3–402 or § 3–403 of this article;

(x) sexual offense in the first or second degree;

(xi) sodomy as that crime existed before October 1, 2020; or

(xii) a violation of § 4–503 of this article concerning destructive devices.

(b) (1) A person who commits a murder in the first degree is guilty of a felony and on conviction shall be sentenced to:

(i) imprisonment for life without the possibility of parole; or

(ii) imprisonment for life.

(2) Unless a sentence of imprisonment for life without the possibility of parole is imposed in compliance with § 2–203 of this subtitle and § 2–304 of this title, the sentence shall be imprisonment for life.

(c) A person who solicits another or conspires with another to commit murder in the first degree is guilty of murder in the first degree if the death of another occurs as a result of the solicitation or conspiracy.
Md. Code, Public Safety § 2-308 — MD Code / Article gps / Title 2 / Subtitle 3 / Section 2-308
§2–308.
Status: in_force

(a) (1) Any information, records, or statistics collected under this subtitle shall be available for use by any agency or unit required to provide information to the Department.

(2) By rule, the Secretary may establish conditions for the use or availability of the information described in paragraph (1) of this subsection as necessary:

(i) to preserve the information;

(ii) to protect any confidential information; or

(iii) because of a pending prosecution.

(b) (1) The Department:

(i) shall periodically publish statistics on the incidence of crime in the State; and

(ii) at least monthly shall publish statistics about the occurrence and cause of all motor vehicle accidents in the State.

(2) A statistical report on the incidence of crime published under this subsection may not name or otherwise identify a particular known or suspected offender.

(3) The Department shall distribute the reports required by this subsection to:

(i) each agency or unit that contributed information contained in the reports;

(ii) the press; and

(iii) any other interested person.

(4) By rule, the Secretary may establish conditions under which reports of specific motor vehicle accidents may be made available on request to the public.

(c) (1) The fee for conducting a document search is $4.

(2) The Department shall apply the money received from conducting document searches to the cost of providing this service.
Md. Code, Courts and Judicial Proceedings § 2-208 — MD Code / Article gcj / Title 2 / Subtitle 2 / Section 2-208
§2–208.
Status: in_force

(a) This section applies to all licenses issued by the clerk of a circuit court other than those issued under Title 17 of the Business Regulation Article.

(b) Before the first of May of each year, the clerk of a circuit court shall coordinate with the Comptroller regarding the issuance of licenses by the clerk on behalf of the Comptroller.
Md. Code, Estates and Trusts § 2-105 — MD Code / Article get / Title 2 / Subtitle 1 / Section 2-105
§2–105.
Status: in_force

(a) In a controversy in the court, an issue of fact may be determined by the court.

(b) (1) At the request of an interested person made within the time determined by the court, the issue of fact may be determined by a court of law.

(2) When the request is made before the court has determined the issue of fact, the court shall transmit the issue to a court of law.

(c) After the determination of the issue, whether by the court or after transmission to a court of law, the court shall enter an appropriate judgment or decree.

(d) This section does not apply where the estate is administered under the jurisdiction of a court having general equity jurisdiction.
Md. Code, Public Safety § 2-418 — MD Code / Article gps / Title 2 / Subtitle 4 / Section 2-418
§2–418.
Status: in_force

(a) (1) Except as otherwise provided in paragraphs (2) and (3) of this subsection, a police employee who resigns from the Department for any reason may not be reappointed.

(2) A police employee who resigns to enter the uniformed services may be reappointed.

(3) By rule, the Secretary may reappoint a police employee who resigned in good standing if the individual meets the requirements then applicable for initial appointment.

(4) An individual may not be reappointed to a rank higher than the rank that the individual previously held as a police employee.

(b) An employee who is terminated from the Department may not be reappointed.
Md. Code, Agriculture § 2-2201 — MD Code / Article gag / Title 2 / Subtitle 22 / Section 2-2201
§2–2201.
Status: in_force

In this subtitle, “value–added agriculture”:

(1) Means the alteration or enhancement of a raw agricultural product, including livestock, or an agricultural service in a way that increases the product or service’s worth to a consumer and brings more revenue to a farmer, producer, or processor; and

(2) Includes all enterprises, including those providing equine activities, in which an agricultural business or the agricultural business’s products or services are altered, marketed, produced, or processed in a way that adds income to a farmer, producer, or processor.
Md. Code, Estates and Trusts § 2-303 — MD Code / Article get / Title 2 / Subtitle 3 / Section 2-303
§2–303.
Status: in_force

(a) An appraiser shall perform his duty expeditiously.

(b) (1) The appraisal shall be in columnar form, and state generally each item that has been appraised and the value of each item in dollars and cents.

(2) The appraisal shall contain a statement signed and verified by the appraisers certifying that they have impartially valued the property described in the appraisal to the best of their skill and judgment.

(c) The appraisal shall immediately on completion and verification be delivered to the personal representative.
Md. Code, Human Services § 2-404 — MD Code / Article ghu / Title 2 / Subtitle 4 / Section 2-404
§2–404.
Status: in_force

(a) The Commission shall elect a chair and a vice chair from among its members.

(b) The Commission may appoint any officers that it considers necessary.
Md. Code, Agriculture § 2-2301 — MD Code / Article gag / Title 2 / Subtitle 23 / Section 2-2301
§2–2301.
Status: in_force

(a) The Department shall coordinate with the Maryland Energy Administration, the Department of the Environment, the Department of Commerce, the University of Maryland College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, the University of Maryland Eastern Shore, electric companies, farmers, and industry to ensure anaerobic digestion technology projects are appropriately coordinated.

(b) (1) The Department, in coordination with the Maryland Energy Administration, the Department of the Environment, and the Department of Commerce, shall establish guidance for farmers regarding the development and implementation of anaerobic digestion technology.

(2) The guidance established under paragraph (1) of this subsection shall include information on:

(i) Obtaining required permits and electric interconnection;

(ii) Available tax incentives and energy rebates; and

(iii) Relevant regulations for waste systems, including for systems that incorporate animal waste and other resources, such as food waste.
Md. Code, Economic Development § 2-106 — MD Code / Article gec / Title 2 / Subtitle 1 / Section 2-106
§2–106.
Status: in_force

(a) In accordance with the State budget, the Secretary may employ a staff and retain professional consultants in the office of the Secretary.

(b) The Secretary may designate a staff assistant to be in charge of a particular area of responsibility in the office of the Secretary.

(c) (1) Each staff assistant in the office of the Secretary in charge of a particular area of responsibility and each professional consultant is appointed by and serves at the pleasure of the Secretary.

(2) Unless otherwise provided by law, the Secretary shall appoint and remove all other employees in the office of the Secretary in accordance with the provisions of the State Personnel and Pensions Article that govern skilled service or professional service employees with the exception of special appointments.
Md. Code, Corporations and Associations § 2-510.1 — MD Code / Article gca / Title 2 / Subtitle 5 / Section 2-510.1
§2–510.
Status: in_force

§2–510.1.

Two or more stockholders of a corporation may enter into a written agreement that specifies that, in exercising any voting rights, the stock held by the parties to the agreement shall be voted:

(1) As provided in the agreement;

(2) As the parties may agree; or

(3) Based on a procedure set forth in the agreement.
Md. Code, Financial Institutions § 2-107 — MD Code / Article gfi / Title 2 / Subtitle 1 / Section 2-107
§2–107.
Status: in_force

On or before December 31 of each year, the Commissioner shall submit to the Governor and, as provided under § 2–1257 of the State Government Article, the General Assembly an annual report that includes, at a minimum, the following information concerning the most recently completed fiscal year ending June 30:

(1) Operations of the office of the Commissioner;

(2) Amendments proposed by the Commissioner regarding the laws the Commissioner administers;

(3) Failures of licensed persons and State–chartered financial institutions;

(4) A summary of the composite ratings of banking institutions and State–chartered credit unions; and

(5) A breakdown by license category of the number of penalties assessed and instances of consumer recovery.
Md. Code, Commercial Law § 2A-401 — MD Code / Article gcl / Title 2A / Subtitle 4 / Section 2A-401
§2A–401.
Status: in_force

(1) A lease contract imposes an obligation on each party that the other’s expectation of receiving due performance will not be impaired.

(2) If reasonable grounds for insecurity arise with respect to the performance of either party, the insecure party may demand in writing adequate assurance of due performance. Until the insecure party receives that assurance, if commercially reasonable, the insecure party may suspend any performance for which he (or she) has not already received the agreed return.

(3) A repudiation of the lease contract occurs if assurance of due performance adequate under the circumstances of the particular case is not provided to the insecure party within a reasonable time, not to exceed 30 days after receipt of a demand by the other party.

(4) Between merchants, the reasonableness of grounds for insecurity and the adequacy of any assurance offered must be determined according to commercial standards.

(5) Acceptance of any nonconforming delivery or payment does not prejudice the aggrieved party’s right to demand adequate assurance of future performance.
Md. Code, Commercial Law § 2-707 — MD Code / Article gcl / Title 2 / Subtitle 7 / Section 2-707
§2–707.
Status: in_force

(1) A “person in the position of a seller” includes as against a principal an agent who has paid or become responsible for the price of goods on behalf of his principal or anyone who otherwise holds a security interest or other right in goods similar to that of a seller.

(2) A person in the position of a seller may as provided in this title withhold or stop delivery (§ 2-705) and resell (§ 2-706) and recover incidental damages (§ 2-710).
Md. Code, Corporations and Associations § 2-502 — MD Code / Article gca / Title 2 / Subtitle 5 / Section 2-502
§2–502.
Status: in_force

(a) A special meeting of the stockholders of a corporation may be called by:

(1) The president;

(2) The board of directors; or

(3) Any other person specified in the charter or the bylaws.

(b) (1) Except as provided in subsections (c) and (d) of this section, and except for a corporation that has elected to be subject to § 3-805 of this article, the secretary of a corporation shall call a special meeting of the stockholders on the written request of stockholders entitled to cast at least 25 percent of all the votes entitled to be cast at the meeting.

(2) A request for a special meeting shall state the purpose of the meeting and the matters proposed to be acted on at the meeting.

(3) The secretary shall:

(i) Inform the stockholders who make the request of the reasonably estimated cost of preparing and mailing a notice of the meeting; and

(ii) On payment of these costs to the corporation, notify each stockholder entitled to notice of the meeting.

(c) Unless requested by stockholders entitled to cast a majority of all the votes entitled to be cast at the meeting, a special meeting need not be called to consider any matter which is substantially the same as a matter voted on at any special meeting of the stockholders held during the preceding 12 months.

(d) (1) Subject to paragraph (2) of this subsection, a corporation may include in its charter or bylaws a provision that requires the written request of stockholders entitled to cast a greater or lesser percentage of all votes entitled to be cast at the meeting than that required by subsection (b)(1) of this section in order to call a special meeting of the stockholders.

(2) The percentage provided for in the charter or bylaws may not be greater than a majority of all the votes entitled to be cast at the meeting.

(e) Unless the charter or bylaws expressly provide otherwise, the board of directors has the sole power to fix:

(1) The record date for determining stockholders entitled to request a special meeting of the stockholders and the record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of and to vote at the special meeting; and

(2) The date, time, and place, if any, and the means of remote communication, if any, by which stockholders and proxy holders may be considered present in person and may vote at the special meeting.
Md. Code, Financial Institutions § 2-109 — MD Code / Article gfi / Title 2 / Subtitle 1 / Section 2-109
§2–109.
Status: in_force

Except as otherwise provided by law, the Commissioner shall pay all money collected by the Commissioner under this article into the General Fund of this State.
Md. Code, Commercial Law § 2-326 — MD Code / Article gcl / Title 2 / Subtitle 3 / Section 2-326
§2–326.
Status: in_force

(1) Unless otherwise agreed, if delivered goods may be returned by the buyer even though they conform to the contract, the transaction is

(a) A “sale on approval” if the goods are delivered primarily for use, and

(b) A “sale or return” if the goods are delivered primarily for resale.

(2) Goods held on approval are not subject to the claims of the buyer’s creditors until acceptance; goods held on sale or return are subject to such claims while in the buyer’s possession.

(3) Any “or return” term of a contract for sale is to be treated as a separate contract for sale within the statute of frauds section of this title (§ 2-201) and as contradicting the sale aspect of the contract within the provisions of this title on parole or extrinsic evidence (§ 2-202).
Md. Code, State Government § 2-1511 — MD Code / Article gsg / Title 2 / Subtitle 15 / Section 2-1511
§2–1511.
Status: in_force

(a) The Governor shall deliver to the Secretary of State or a designee in the Secretary’s office:

(1) each bill that the Governor approves, immediately after the approval;

(2) each bill that becomes law without the approval of the Governor, on the day the bill becomes law;

(3) each bill that the Governor vetoes; and

(4) each executive order effective under Article II, § 24 of the Maryland Constitution.

(b) (1) Subject to § 2–1248 of this title, the Secretary of State shall assign a chapter number to each bill that becomes law and to each executive order issued pursuant to Article II, § 24 of the Maryland Constitution.

(2) Chapter numbers shall be assigned in the order in which the bills become law.
Md. Code, Housing and Community Development § 2-109 — MD Code / Article ghs / Title 2 / Subtitle 1 / Section 2-109
§2–109.
Status: in_force

Each governmental unit in the Department shall report to the Secretary or the Secretary’s designee as provided in regulations or written directives that the Secretary issues.
Md. Code, Corporations and Associations § 2-115 — MD Code / Article gca / Title 2 / Subtitle 1 / Section 2-115
§2–115.
Status: in_force

(a) This section applies to the electronic transmission, by means of an electronic network or database, including a distributed electronic network or database, of any communication, consent, or request under this title, including:

(1) A statement of the information, in accordance with § 2–210(c) of this title;

(2) An annual statement of the affairs of a corporation, in accordance with § 2–313(b) of this title;

(3) Corporate documents, in accordance with § 2–512 of this title; and

(4) Any notice to a stockholder.

(b) An electronic transmission described under subsection (a) of this section is not effective until the later of:

(1) The posting of the information to the electronic network or database; or

(2) The giving of a separate notice to the intended recipient of the information that the information has been posted to the electronic network or database.
Md. Code, Commercial Law § 2-316.1 — MD Code / Article gcl / Title 2 / Subtitle 3 / Section 2-316.1
§2–316.
Status: in_force

§2–316.1.

(1) The provisions of § 2–316 do not apply to sales of consumer goods, as defined by § 9–102, services, or both.

(2) Any oral or written language used by a seller of consumer goods and services, which attempts to exclude or modify any implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose or to exclude or modify the consumer’s remedies for breach of those warranties, is unenforceable. However, the seller may recover from the manufacturer any damages resulting from breach of the implied warranty of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose.

(3) Any oral or written language used by a manufacturer of consumer goods, which attempts to limit or modify a consumer’s remedies for breach of the manufacturer’s express warranties, is unenforceable, unless the manufacturer provides reasonable and expeditious means of performing the warranty obligations.

(4) (a) The provisions of this section do not apply to a motor vehicle:

(i) Required to be titled under the Transportation Article;

(ii) That is over 6 model years old and that has been driven more than 60,000 miles; and

(iii) If, at the time of the sale of the motor vehicle, the seller gives the purchaser notice of the inapplicability of this section on the form prescribed under § 13-119 of the Transportation Article.

(b) (i) An exclusion or modification of an implied warranty of merchantability, or any part of a warranty under this subsection shall be in writing, mention merchantability, and be conspicuous.

(ii) An exclusion or modification of the implied warranty of fitness shall be in writing and conspicuous.

(iii) Any exclusion or modification of either warranty shall be separately acknowledged by the signature of the buyer.
Md. Code, Courts and Judicial Proceedings § 2-322 — MD Code / Article gcj / Title 2 / Subtitle 3 / Section 2-322
§2–322.
Status: in_force

(a) This section applies only in Charles County.

(b) (1) The salary for the Sheriff of Charles County is equal to the salary of a Department of State Police lieutenant colonel, at the highest available step for a lieutenant colonel under the Department of State Police pay plan in effect on the day prior to the day that the Sheriff begins a term of office.

(2) Any change in the salary paid under the Department of State Police pay plan during the term of office of the Sheriff may not apply to the incumbent Sheriff, but the changed rate shall take effect at the beginning of the next following term of office.

(c) (1) The Sheriff, in accordance with rules and regulations developed by the County Commissioners of Charles County and the Sheriff, shall appoint the number of deputy sheriffs that the County Commissioners and the Sheriff consider necessary.

(2) The salary schedule for the deputy sheriffs, based on rank and length of service, shall correspond to the Department of State Police salary schedule, including longevity steps.

(3) The salary schedule for the deputy sheriffs shall be revised to reflect any revisions made to the Department of State Police salary schedule.

(4) (i) Except as provided in paragraph (5) of this subsection, the County Commissioners shall appropriate the funds necessary to provide the salaries for deputy sheriffs specified in the salary schedule under paragraph (2) of this subsection unless the County Commissioners declare a fiscal emergency under subparagraph (ii) of this paragraph.

(ii) After a discussion among the County Commissioners, the Sheriff, and the exclusive representatives of the bargaining units of sworn law enforcement officers and correctional officers of the Charles County Sheriff’s Office, the County Commissioners may declare a fiscal emergency by a majority vote of the County Commissioners following a public hearing.

(5) (i) If the Department of State Police grants step increases to its employees, the County Commissioners are not required under paragraph (4) of this subsection to grant step increases to the deputy sheriffs.

(ii) Step increases for the deputy sheriffs are subject to appropriations by the County Commissioners.

(d) (1) The books of the Sheriff shall be audited annually.

(2) Copies of the audit shall be published by the County Commissioners in local newspapers.

(e) (1) This subsection applies to all full–time, merit system sworn law enforcement officers and correctional officers in the Sheriff’s Office at a rank of sergeant or below.

(2) This subsection does not apply to the following employees in the Sheriff’s Office:

(i) Sworn law enforcement officers or correctional officers in the Sheriff’s Office at a rank of lieutenant or above;

(ii) Employees in appointed positions;

(iii) Civilian merit system employees;

(iv) Full–time reduced hours employees;

(v) Part–time employees;

(vi) Contractual employees;

(vii) Temporary employees;

(viii) Emergency employees; or

(ix) Employees whose employment is administered under the county policies and procedures manual.

(3) (i) A sworn law enforcement officer or correctional officer subject to this subsection has the right to:

1. Take part in or refrain from taking part in forming, joining, supporting, or participating in any employee organization or its lawful activities;

2. Be represented by an exclusive representative, if any, in collective bargaining; and

3. Engage in other concerted activities for the purpose of collective bargaining.

(ii) Sworn law enforcement officers and correctional officers subject to this subsection may seek recognition in order to organize and bargain collectively in good faith with the Sheriff or the Sheriff’s designee concerning the following matters:

1. Compensation, excluding salary, wages, and those benefits determined, offered, administered, controlled, or managed by the County Commissioners;

2. Leave, holidays, and vacations; and

3. Hours, working conditions, and job security.

(iii) 1. Sworn law enforcement officers subject to this subsection may seek recognition in order to organize and bargain collectively in good faith with the County Commissioners and the Sheriff, or the Sheriff’s designee, concerning merit step increases and those benefits determined, offered, administered, controlled, or managed by the County Commissioners.

2. Correctional officers subject to this subsection may seek recognition in order to organize and bargain collectively in good faith with the County Commissioners and the Sheriff, or the Sheriff’s designee, concerning salary, wages, and those benefits determined, offered, administered, controlled, or managed by the County Commissioners.

(iv) 1. A sworn law enforcement officer or correctional officer who is a member of a bargaining unit with an exclusive representative may discuss any matter with the employer without the intervention of the exclusive representative.

2. If a discussion under subsubparagraph 1 of this subparagraph leads to a resolution or adjustment of a dispute, the resolution or adjustment may not be inconsistent with the terms of a collective bargaining agreement then in effect.

(v) 1. A sworn law enforcement officer or correctional officer who is not a member of a bargaining unit with an exclusive representative may be required to pay a proportional service fee for costs associated with the administration and enforcement of any agreement that benefits the affected employees.

2. An exclusive representative shall be selected in accordance with the procedures set forth in paragraph (5) of this subsection.

(vi) This subsection does not require that sworn law enforcement officers and correctional officers be represented by the same exclusive representative.

(4) The Sheriff and the Sheriff’s Office, through their appropriate officers and employees, may:

(i) Determine the:

1. Mission;

2. Budget;

3. Organization;

4. Numbers, types, and grades of employees assigned;

5. Work projects, tours of duty, and methods, means, and personnel by which its operations are conducted;

6. Technology needs;

7. Internal security practices; and

8. Relocation of its facilities;

(ii) Maintain and improve the efficiency and effectiveness of governmental operations;

(iii) Determine the services to be rendered, operations to be performed, and technology to be used;

(iv) Determine the overall methods, processes, means, and classes of work or personnel by which governmental operations are to be conducted;

(v) Hire, direct, supervise, and assign employees;

(vi) Promote, demote, discipline, discharge, retain, and lay off employees;

(vii) Terminate employment because of lack of funds, lack of work, a determination by the employer that continued work would be inefficient or nonproductive, or for other legitimate reasons;

(viii) Set the qualifications of employees for appointment and promotions;

(ix) Set standards of conduct;

(x) Adopt office rules, regulations, and procedures;

(xi) Provide a system of merit employment according to a standard of business efficiency; and

(xii) Take actions, not otherwise specified in this subsection, to carry out the mission of the Sheriff’s Office.

(5) (i) Except as provided in subparagraph (ii) of this paragraph, an exclusive representative may not be recognized by the County Commissioners or the Sheriff unless that representative is selected and certified by the Maryland Department of Labor.

(ii) Any petition to be recognized that is submitted on behalf of the sworn law enforcement officers shall be accompanied by a showing of interest supported by at least 51% of the sworn law enforcement officers indicating their desire to be exclusively represented by the petitioner for the purpose of collective bargaining.

(iii) Any petition to be recognized that is submitted on behalf of the correctional officers shall be accompanied by a showing of interest supported by at least 51% of the correctional officers indicating their desire to be exclusively represented by the petitioner for the purpose of collective bargaining.

(iv) 1. Except as provided in subsubparagraph 2 of this subparagraph, an exclusive representative shall be deemed decertified if a petition is submitted to the County Commissioners and the Sheriff that is signed by 51% of the sworn law enforcement officers or correctional officers indicating their desire to decertify the exclusive representative.

2. If the exclusive representative wishes to challenge the validity of a petition submitted under subsubparagraph 1 of this subparagraph, within 20 days after submission of the petition, the exclusive representative may request a secret ballot election.

3. The secret ballot election shall be conducted by an impartial umpire selected jointly by the participating parties from a list of umpires provided by the American Arbitration Association.

4. The costs associated with the appointment of the impartial umpire shall be shared equally by the exclusive representative and the county.

5. If at least 51% of the employees in the bargaining unit vote in favor of decertification during the secret ballot election, the exclusive representative shall be decertified.

(6) (i) 1. The Sheriff may designate at least one, but not more than four, individuals to represent the Sheriff in collective bargaining.

2. If the County Commissioners are a party to collective bargaining, the County Commissioners may designate at least one, but not more than four, individuals to represent the County Commissioners in collective bargaining.

3. The exclusive representative shall designate at least one, but not more than four, individuals to represent the exclusive representative in collective bargaining.

(ii) The parties shall meet at reasonable times and engage in collective bargaining in good faith.

(iii) Negotiations or matters relating to negotiations shall be considered closed sessions under § 3–305 of the General Provisions Article.

(iv) The parties shall make every reasonable effort to conclude negotiations in a timely manner for inclusion by the Sheriff and the Sheriff’s Office in its budget request to the County Commissioners.

(v) Negotiations for an agreement shall begin on or before each September 1 of the year before the expiration of any existing agreement.

(7) To the extent that any matters negotiated between the Sheriff, the County Commissioners, and the collective bargaining unit require legislative approval or the appropriation of funds, the matters shall be recommended to the General Assembly for the approval of legislation or to the County Commissioners for the appropriation of funds.

(8) An agreement is not valid if it extends for less than 1 year or for more than 4 years.

(9) (i) An agreement shall contain all matters of agreement reached in the collective bargaining process.

(ii) An agreement may contain a grievance procedure for binding arbitration of the interpretation of contract terms and clauses.

(iii) 1. An agreement reached in accordance with this subsection shall be in writing and signed by the designated representatives of the Sheriff and the exclusive representative involved in the collective bargaining negotiations.

2. If the County Commissioners are a party to the agreement, the agreement shall be signed by the County Commissioners in addition to the signatories required under subsubparagraph 1 of this subparagraph.

(iv) An agreement is not effective until it is ratified by:

1. The Sheriff;

2. If the County Commissioners are a party to the collective bargaining, the County Commissioners; and

3. A majority of the votes cast by the employees in the bargaining unit.

(v) A modification to an existing agreement is not valid unless it is in writing and ratified by:

1. The Sheriff;

2. If the County Commissioners are a party to the collective bargaining, the County Commissioners; and

3. A majority of the votes cast by the employees in the bargaining unit.

(10) If there is a conflict between an existing collective bargaining agreement and a rule or regulation adopted by the county, including merit system or other personnel regulations, the terms of the agreement shall prevail unless otherwise prohibited by law.

(11) (i) If the exclusive representative, the Sheriff, and, if a party to collective bargaining, the County Commissioners are unable to reach an agreement on or before January 15, any party may seek mediation through the Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service.

(ii) A party seeking mediation under subparagraph (i) of this paragraph shall provide written notice to the other parties and the Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service at least 15 days before the anticipated first mediation meeting.

(iii) The parties shall share the costs of the services of the mediator as follows:

1. The exclusive representative shall pay half of the costs;

2. If the County Commissioners and the Sheriff are both parties to the negotiations giving rise to the mediation, the County Commissioners and the Sheriff shall each pay one–quarter of the costs; and

3. If the County Commissioners are not a party to the negotiations giving rise to the mediation, the Sheriff shall pay half of the costs.

(iv) Costs incurred by a party to prepare, appear, or secure representation, expert witnesses, or evidence of any kind shall be borne exclusively by that party.

(v) The parties shall engage in mediation for at least 30 days unless the parties mutually agree in writing to the termination or extension of the mediation or reach an agreement.

(vi) The contents of a mediation proceeding under this paragraph may not be disclosed by the parties or the mediator.

(12) (i) If the exclusive representative, the Sheriff, and, if a party to collective bargaining, the County Commissioners have not reached an agreement on or before March 1, or any later date determined by mutual agreement of the parties:

1. Any party may declare a bargaining impasse;

2. The party declaring a bargaining impasse under item 1 of this subparagraph shall request a list of arbitrators to be provided to the parties by the Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service or under the Labor Arbitration Rules of the American Arbitration Association; and

3. Within 3 days after the parties’ receipt of the list provided under item 2 of this subparagraph, the parties shall select an arbitrator by alternative striking of names from the list.

(ii) On or before March 15, or any later date determined by mutual agreement of the parties, the parties shall submit to the arbitrator:

1. A joint memorandum listing all items to which the parties previously agreed; and

2. A separate proposed memorandum of each party’s final offer presented in negotiations on all items to which the parties previously did not agree.

(iii) 1. On or before March 30, or any later date determined by mutual agreement of the parties, the arbitrator shall hold a closed hearing on the parties’ proposals at a time, date, and place within the county selected by the arbitrator.

2. At a hearing, each party may submit evidence and make oral and written arguments in support of the party’s last final offer.

(iv) The arbitrator may:

1. Give notice and hold hearings in accordance with the Maryland Administrative Procedure Act;

2. Administer oaths and take testimony and other evidence; and

3. Issue subpoenas.

(v) Once the parties have submitted their positions into the record, each party shall have an opportunity to revise its final position before the record is closed and the matter is submitted to the arbitrator for a determination.

(vi) On or before April 15, or any later date determined by mutual agreement of the parties, the arbitrator shall issue a report:

1. Selecting the final offer submitted by the parties that the arbitrator determines to be more reasonable when viewed as a whole; and

2. Stating the reasons that the arbitrator found the final offer to be more reasonable.

(vii) In determining which final offer is more reasonable under subparagraph (vi) of this paragraph, the arbitrator may consider only:

1. Past collective bargaining agreements between the parties, including the bargaining history that led to the collective bargaining agreement and the precollective bargaining history of employee wages, hours, benefits, and other working conditions;

2. In an arbitration to which the exclusive representative of sworn law enforcement officers is a party, a comparison of wages, hours, benefits, and other conditions of employment of law enforcement officers employed in other jurisdictions in the State;

3. In an arbitration to which the exclusive representative of sworn law enforcement officers is a party, a comparison of wages, hours, benefits, and other conditions of employment of law enforcement officers from the primary police or sheriff’s departments in all counties in the State;

4. In an arbitration to which the exclusive representative of correctional officers is a party, a comparison of wages, hours, benefits, and other conditions of employment of correctional officers employed in other jurisdictions in the State;

5. A comparison of wages, hours, benefits, and other conditions of employment of employees working for the county;

6. The costs of the respective proposals of the parties;

7. The condition of the General Operating Fund of Charles County, the ability of the Sheriff and the county to finance any economic adjustments required under the proposed collective bargaining agreement, and the potential impact of the parties’ final offers on the bond rating of the county;

8. The annual increase or decrease in consumer prices for goods and services as reflected in the most recent Consumer Price Index for the Washington–Arlington–Alexandria, DC–VA–MD–WV Metropolitan Statistical Area published by the federal Bureau of Labor Statistics;

9. The annual increase or decrease in the cost of living in the statistical areas described in item 8 of this subparagraph as compared to the national average and to other comparable metropolitan areas;

10. The annual increase or decrease in the cost of living in the county;

11. Recruitment and retention data;

12. The special nature of the work performed by the employees in the bargaining unit, including hazards of employment, physical requirements, educational qualifications, job training and skills, shift assignments, and the demands placed on those employees as compared to other employees of the Sheriff’s Office;

13. The interest and welfare of the public and the employees in the bargaining unit; and

14. Stipulations of the parties regarding any of the items under this subparagraph.

(viii) The arbitrator may not:

1. Receive or consider the history of collective bargaining related to the immediate dispute, including any offers of settlement not contained in the final offer submitted to the arbitrator, unless the parties mutually agree otherwise;

2. Combine final offers or alter the final offer that the arbitrator selects, unless the parties mutually agree otherwise; or

3. Select an offer in which the conditions of employment or the compensation, salaries, fees, or wages to be paid are unreasonable.

(ix) 1. The arbitrator shall submit the report issued under subparagraph (vi) of this paragraph to the County Commissioners, the Sheriff, and the exclusive representative.

2. The recommendations of the arbitrator are not binding on the County Commissioners, the Sheriff, or the exclusive representative.

3. Except as provided in subsubparagraph 4 of this subparagraph, the Sheriff and, if a party to collective bargaining, the County Commissioners may adopt or reject a recommendation of the arbitrator.

4. Subject to subsubparagraph 5 of this subparagraph, if a recommendation of the arbitrator requires an appropriation of funds, only the County Commissioners may adopt or reject the recommendation.

5. The County Commissioners may not accept a recommendation of the arbitrator that requires an appropriation of funds unless the County Commissioners and the Sheriff first agree on the funding source for the appropriation.

6. The parties shall accept or reject the arbitrator’s recommendations within 30 days after the submission of the report to the parties under subsubparagraph 1 of this subparagraph.

(x) The parties shall share the costs of the services of the arbitrator as follows:

1. The exclusive representative shall pay half of the costs;

2. If the County Commissioners and the Sheriff are both parties to the negotiations giving rise to the arbitration, the County Commissioners and the Sheriff shall each pay one–quarter of the costs; and

3. If the County Commissioners are not a party to the negotiations giving rise to the arbitration, the Sheriff shall pay half of the costs.

(xi) Costs incurred by a party to prepare, appear, or secure representation, expert witnesses, or evidence of any kind shall be borne exclusively by that party.

(xii) Nothing in this paragraph shall be construed to prohibit the parties from reaching a voluntary settlement on any unresolved issues at any time before or after the issuance of the recommendations by the arbitrator.

(13) If a collective bargaining agreement expires after the exclusive representative has given notice of its desire to enter into collective bargaining for a successor collective bargaining agreement, the terms and conditions of the prior collective bargaining agreement shall remain in effect until the earlier of:

(i) The parties reaching a new agreement; or

(ii) 180 days from the date the party or parties reject the arbitrator’s recommendations.

(14) If the parties fail to reach a new agreement within the 180–day time period under paragraph (13)(ii) of this subsection, the terms and conditions of the prior collective bargaining agreement shall cease to be effective.

(15) This subsection does not authorize a sworn law enforcement officer or correctional officer to engage in a strike as defined in § 3–303 of the State Personnel and Pensions Article.

(16) Nothing in this subsection shall be construed as subjecting disciplinary matters or the disciplinary process to negotiation as part of the collective bargaining process.
Md. Code, Environment § 2-405 — MD Code / Article gen / Title 2 / Subtitle 4 / Section 2-405
§2–405.
Status: in_force

(a) (1) (i) Whenever the Public Service Commission notifies the Secretary of an application for a certificate of public convenience and necessity under § 7–207 of the Public Utilities Article, the Secretary shall prepare a recommendation in connection with the permit or registration required by this subtitle and the issues the Public Service Commission must consider under § 7–207 of the Public Utilities Article relating to climate change.

(ii) The recommendation shall be presented at the hearing required by § 7–207 of the Public Utilities Article.

(2) The recommendation shall identify the requirements of all applicable federal and State environmental laws and standards and shall recommend and evaluate various methods and conditions for compliance.

(3) If a person files an application for an operating permit under this subtitle simultaneously with an application for a certificate, the Department shall consolidate its procedures for the issuance of the operating permit with the Public Service Commission’s proceedings for issuance of the certificate and shall issue the operating permit simultaneously with the certificate unless consolidation would be inconsistent with the procedures set forth in the federal Clean Air Act.

(4) The Department shall incorporate into the initial operating permit the conditions of the certificate which relate to air quality control.

(b) Subject to judicial review as provided under Title 3, Subtitle 2 of the Public Utilities Article, the decision of the Public Service Commission in connection with a certificate of public convenience and necessity or a filing under § 7–206 of the Public Utilities Article is binding on the Secretary.

(c) When a person that is required to obtain a certificate of public convenience and necessity applies for an operating permit for a generating station under this subtitle, the person shall send a copy of the application, at the time of filing, to the Public Service Commission.

(d) The Department shall consolidate procedures for the issuance of the operating permit with procedures of the Public Service Commission for the approval of the installation of pollution control equipment or a change in the method of operation unless consolidation would be inconsistent with the procedures set forth in the federal Clean Air Act.

(e) (1) Before issuing an operating permit which requires the installation of pollution control equipment or a change in the method of operation of the generating station or unit to any person required to obtain a certificate of public convenience and necessity, the Secretary shall notify the applicant and the Public Service Commission and request that the Public Service Commission institute a hearing as required by § 7–206 of the Public Utilities Article.

(2) In addition to the notification, the Secretary shall file the record of the operating permit proceeding and the Department’s reasons for requiring the installation of pollution control equipment or change in method of operation.

(f) (1) The Commission shall conduct the hearing required by subsection (e) of this section in the manner set forth in §§ 7–205 and 7–207 of the Public Utilities Article.

(2) The Department shall incorporate the Commission’s order rendered in accordance with § 7–206 of the Public Utilities Article.

(g) Except as provided in subsection (h) of this section, the Secretary shall consult with the Public Service Commission concerning the impact of any operating permit, order or injunction on the supply and cost of electricity in this State before issuing any operating permit, issuing any order, or seeking any injunction under this subtitle that:

(1) Significantly impacts the supply of electricity from a generating station owned or operated by any person required to obtain a certificate of public convenience and necessity; or

(2) Significantly affects the cost of electricity provided by any person that is required to obtain a certificate of public convenience and necessity.

(h) (1) The Secretary need not consult with the Commission before issuing an order or seeking an injunction if the Secretary concludes that the delay during consultation could harm public health or the environment.

(2) If the Secretary does not consult with the Commission before the issuance of the order or of the seeking of an injunction, the Secretary shall consult with the Commission as soon thereafter as practicable.

(i) The failure of the Department or the Public Service Commission to comply with this section is not a defense to an action against a person to enforce, to obtain, or to punish for noncompliance with any permit, certificate, order, or injunction.

(j) The Secretary may adopt regulations to carry out the provisions of this section. The Secretary may not require a permit nor require the payment of a permit fee in violation of the federal Clean Air Act.
Md. Code, State Finance and Procurement § 2-602 — MD Code / Article gsf / Title 2 / Subtitle 6 / Section 2-602
§2–602.
Status: in_force

(a) The Treasurer shall deposit in a box or vault as provided in subsection (b) of this section:

(1) all of the physical securities that the State owns; and

(2) all of the physical securities that, by State law, the Treasurer holds, in trust or otherwise, for a corporation or individual.

(b) (1) With the approval of the Board of Public Works, the Treasurer shall procure a box or vault.

(2) The box or vault shall be located in the offices of the Treasurer.

(3) Each box or vault in which securities are kept shall be built so that 2 different keys are needed to gain access to the securities.

(4) The Comptroller and the Treasurer each shall have 1 of these keys.

(5) Access to a box or vault in which physical securities are kept under this section shall be permitted only:

(i) when the Governor, the Comptroller, the Chief Deputy Comptroller, or a Deputy Comptroller accompanies the Treasurer; or

(ii) if access is needed and the Treasurer cannot be present:

1. when the Governor, the Comptroller, the Chief Deputy Comptroller, or a Deputy Comptroller accompanies the Chief Deputy Treasurer; or

2. when the Governor, the Comptroller, or the Chief Deputy Comptroller accompanies a Deputy Treasurer.

(c) The Treasurer shall determine which physical securities are deposited or held in each box or vault.
Md. Code, Public Safety § 2-207 — MD Code / Article gps / Title 2 / Subtitle 2 / Section 2-207
§2–207.
Status: in_force

The following units are in the Department:

(1) the State Fire Prevention Commission;

(2) the office of State Fire Marshal; and

(3) any other unit determined by the Secretary to be part of the Department or established by law as part of the Department.
Md. Code, Courts and Judicial Proceedings § 2-104 — MD Code / Article gcj / Title 2 / Subtitle 1 / Section 2-104
§2–104.
Status: in_force

(a) Every auditor, clerk, sheriff, constable, commissioner, surveyor, or other officer before he assumes the duties of his office, shall take and sign the oath or affirmation prescribed by the Constitution.

(b) Except as provided in subsection (d) of this section, every deputy clerk or sheriff shall take and subscribe the following oath or affirmation: “I, A.B., do swear (or affirm) that I will not for lucre or malice delay any person applying to me for any business belonging to the office I officiate in, and that I will not directly or indirectly ask, take, exact, demand, or receive from or charge to any such person to my own use any fee or reward whatsoever for any services I may do as deputy of the said office, and that in making out the office fees I will not wittingly or willingly charge other or higher fees than are allowed by law.”

(c) (1) In addition to the oath or affirmation required under subsection (b) of this section, in St. Mary’s County, every deputy sheriff shall take and subscribe the following oath or affirmation: “I, A.B., do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will bear true faith and allegiance to the United States of America and to the State of Maryland; that I will serve honestly and faithfully to uphold and defend the Constitution of the United States and the Constitution of Maryland; that I will enforce the laws of St. Mary’s County, and the State of Maryland; and that I will obey the orders of the Sheriff and of my superior officers according to the rules and regulations of the Sheriff’s Office, St. Mary’s County and the State of Maryland.”

(2) In addition to the oath or affirmation required under subsection (b) of this section, in Charles County, every deputy sheriff shall take and subscribe the following oath or affirmation: “I, A.B., do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will bear true faith and allegiance to the United States of America and to the State of Maryland; that I will serve honestly and faithfully to uphold and defend the Constitution of the United States and the Constitution of Maryland; that I will enforce the laws of Charles County, and the State of Maryland; and that I will obey the orders of the Sheriff and of my superior officers according to the rules and regulations of the Sheriff’s Office, Charles County and the State of Maryland.”

(d) In Carroll County, Montgomery County, and Washington County, every deputy clerk or deputy sheriff shall take and sign the oath or affirmation prescribed by Article I, § 9 of the Maryland Constitution.

(e) (1) Except as authorized by Article I, § 10 of the Maryland Constitution, every officer, except the clerk of the circuit court of a county or an appellate court, shall take the oath before the clerk of the circuit court.

(2) Except as provided in Article I, § 10 of the Maryland Constitution, the clerk of a circuit court shall take the oath before a judge of the court.

(3) The clerk of an appellate court shall take the oath before the Governor.
Md. Code, State Government § 2-402 — MD Code / Article gsg / Title 2 / Subtitle 4 / Section 2-402
§2–402.
Status: in_force

There is a Legislative Policy Committee.
Md. Code, Business Occupations and Professions § 2-702 — MD Code / Article gbo / Title 2 / Subtitle 7 / Section 2-702
§2–702.
Status: in_force

Subject to the evaluation and reestablishment provisions of the Maryland Program Evaluation Act, this title and all regulations adopted under this title shall terminate and be of no effect after July 1, 2030.
Md. Code, Alcoholic Beverages and Cannabis § 2-122 — MD Code / Article gab / Title 2 / Subtitle 1 / Section 2-122
§2–122.
Status: in_force

This part applies statewide.
Md. Code, State Government § 2-802 — MD Code / Article gsg / Title 2 / Subtitle 8 / Section 2-802
§2–802.
Status: in_force

There is a Joint Committee on the Management of Public Funds, which is a joint committee of the Senate and the House.
Md. Code, Agriculture § 2-1501 — MD Code / Article gag / Title 2 / Subtitle 15 / Section 2-1501
§2–1501.
Status: in_force

(a) (1) In this section the following words have the meanings indicated.

(2) (i) “Authorized equipment” means any equipment necessary for the management of forest land.

(ii) “Authorized equipment” includes:

1. Equipment necessary for the:

A. Construction and staging of marshaling areas;

B. Planting of trees; and

C. Removal of trees;

2. Vehicles capable of transporting harvested trees;

3. Wood chippers;

4. Materials required to administer approved products to ash trees planted in quarantined areas; and

5. Any other appropriate equipment, as determined by the Secretary.

(3) “Fund” means the Emerald Ash Borer Grant Fund.

(b) There is an Emerald Ash Borer Grant Fund.

(c) The purpose of the Fund is to provide grants to local governments, businesses, and organizations to finance purchases of authorized equipment to remove, dispose of, and replace trees infested by the emerald ash borer:

(1) That are located within emerald ash borer quarantine areas; and

(2) In accordance with any applicable State or federal law, regulation, or quarantine.

(d) The Secretary shall administer the Fund.

(e) (1) At the end of each fiscal year, any unspent or unencumbered balance in the Fund shall revert to the General Fund in accordance with § 7–302 of the State Finance and Procurement Article.

(2) The State Treasurer shall hold the Fund separately and the Comptroller shall account for the Fund.

(f) The Fund consists of:

(1) Money appropriated in the State budget to the Fund;

(2) Any investment earnings of the Fund; and

(3) Any other money from any other source accepted for the benefit of the Fund.

(g) (1) The Fund may be used only to provide grants in accordance with subsection (c) of this section.

(2) A grant provided in accordance with this section may not exceed the amount that the local government, business, or organization has appropriated to finance purchases of equipment to remove, dispose of, and replace infested trees located in areas designated under subsection (c) of this section.

(h) (1) The State Treasurer shall invest the money of the Fund in the same manner as other State money may be invested.

(2) Any investment earnings of the Fund shall be credited to the Fund.

(i) The Secretary shall establish procedures for a person to apply for a grant from the Fund.
Md. Code, State Personnel and Pensions § 2-512 — MD Code / Article gsp / Title 2 / Subtitle 5 / Section 2-512
§2–512.
Status: in_force

(a) In this section, “qualifying nonprofit organization” means an organization that:

(1) (i) receives State funds from the Maryland Department of Health that cover more than one–third of the organization’s operating expenses; and

(ii) is:

1. described in § 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code; and

2. exempt from income tax under § 501(a) of the Internal Revenue Code;

(2) is the Legal Aid Bureau, Inc.;

(3) is a corporation, a limited liability company, or any other entity that is wholly owned by the Legal Aid Bureau, Inc.; or

(4) is the Maryland Crime Victims’ Resource Center.

(b) The Secretary shall adopt regulations for the enrollment and participation of employees of a qualifying nonprofit organization to participate in the Program as a satellite organization.

(c) A qualifying nonprofit organization that participates in the Program as a satellite organization shall:

(1) pay to the State:

(i) a premium in the amount determined by the Secretary; and

(ii) any costs, as determined by the Secretary, for the administration of this Program; and

(2) determine the extent to which the organization will subsidize participation by its employees in the Program.

(d) The participation of a satellite organization in the Program may not impede, undermine, or conflict with the Program’s federal compliance obligations or governmental and cafeteria plan status, as defined in 26 U.S.C. § 125.
Md. Code, Courts and Judicial Proceedings § 2-321 — MD Code / Article gcj / Title 2 / Subtitle 3 / Section 2-321
§2–321.
Status: in_force

(a) This section applies only in Cecil County.

(b) (1) The Sheriff of Cecil County shall receive an annual salary of:

(i) $71,500 for fiscal year 2015;

(ii) $75,075 for fiscal year 2016;

(iii) $77,350 for fiscal year 2017;

(iv) $79,675 for fiscal year 2018;

(v) Except as provided in item (vi) of this paragraph, $82,075 for fiscal year 2019; and

(vi) For each term of office beginning with the term that begins in fiscal year 2019, not less than $100,000, as determined by the County Council of Cecil County.

(2) In addition, the Sheriff shall receive the benefits and reimbursements for reasonable expenses in the performance of duties as provided in the county budget or by law, including, where appropriate:

(i) Reimbursements under the Standard State Travel Regulations; and

(ii) Participation in the health care plan that is negotiated for county employees.

(c) (1) The Sheriff shall appoint:

(i) A chief deputy sheriff;

(ii) A community corrections director;

(iii) A detention center director;

(iv) A detention center deputy director;

(v) A law enforcement director;

(vi) Law enforcement personnel; and

(vii) A personal secretary to the Sheriff.

(2) The Sheriff may remove the chief deputy sheriff, community corrections director, detention center director, detention center deputy director, law enforcement director, and personal secretary to the Sheriff at any time whether or not for cause.

(3) The Sheriff shall appoint full–time or part–time employees, as provided in the county budget, to perform the duties of the Sheriff’s Office, including:

(i) Deputy sheriffs to perform law enforcement functions;

(ii) Deputy sheriffs to perform correctional functions;

(iii) Clerical and other civilian employees;

(iv) A director of the detention center; and

(v) A community corrections director.

(d) (1) Except for the chief deputy sheriff, each employee of the Sheriff’s Office shall serve a probationary period of 18 months.

(2) The Sheriff may extend the probationary period required under paragraph (1) of this subsection for cause.

(3) During the probationary period of an employee in the Sheriff’s Office:

(i) The employee shall satisfactorily complete any certification or training program specified by the Sheriff; and

(ii) The determination of an employee’s qualifications and ability to serve in the position of a permanent non–probationary employee shall be within the sole discretion of the Sheriff.

(e) (1) Except for the chief deputy sheriff, community corrections director, detention center director, detention center deputy director, law enforcement director, law enforcement personnel, and personal secretary to the Sheriff, all employees of the Sheriff’s department:

(i) Shall be governed by the rank, salary, and benefit structures of the county personnel policy; and

(ii) Except as provided in paragraph (2) of this subsection, on completion of the probationary period, shall be subject to the county personnel regulations and policies in all matters.

(2) Law enforcement officers and correctional officers of the Sheriff’s Office may be terminated only for just cause.

(3) Nothing in this section shall affect the rights and protections accorded an employee under any other provision of law.

(f) The county shall pay the cost of all necessary expenses incurred by the Sheriff and the Sheriff’s staff.

(g) The Sheriff shall have the authority to formulate and administer a plan that includes the method of supervision to use incarcerated individuals the Sheriff deems eligible and selects to perform, under the supervision of State, county, or municipal employees, tasks the Sheriff assigns within the county or any incorporated municipality within the county.

(h) (1) (i) Except as provided in subparagraph (ii) of this paragraph, this subsection applies only to all full–time sworn law enforcement deputy sheriffs in the Office of the Sheriff of Cecil County at the rank of captain and below and to all full–time sworn correctional deputy sheriffs in the Office of the Sheriff of Cecil County at the rank of lieutenant and below.

(ii) This subsection does not apply to the chief deputy sheriff, community corrections director, detention center director, detention center deputy director, or law enforcement director in the Office of the Sheriff of Cecil County.

(2) (i) A full–time sworn law enforcement deputy sheriff at the rank of captain and below may:

1. Take part in or refrain from taking part in forming, joining, supporting, or participating in a labor organization or its lawful activities;

2. Select a labor organization as the exclusive representative of the law enforcement deputy sheriffs subject to this subsection;

3. Engage in collective bargaining with the Sheriff and the County Executive of Cecil County, or the designee of the Sheriff and the County Executive, concerning wages, benefits, and any working conditions that are not included in paragraph (5)(iv)1 of this subsection through a labor organization certified as the exclusive representative of the law enforcement deputy sheriffs subject to this subsection;

4. Subject to item 2 of this subparagraph, enter into a collective bargaining agreement, through the exclusive representative of the deputy sheriffs subject to this subsection, covering the wages, benefits, and other working conditions of the law enforcement deputy sheriffs subject to this subsection, to the extent that the agreement does not impair the rights of the Sheriff set forth in paragraph (5)(iv) of this subsection; and

5. Decertify a labor organization as the exclusive representative of the law enforcement deputy sheriffs subject to this subsection.

(ii) A full–time sworn correctional deputy sheriff at the rank of lieutenant and below may:

1. Take part in or refrain from taking part in forming, joining, supporting, or participating in a labor organization or its lawful activities;

2. Select a labor organization as the exclusive representative of the correctional deputy sheriffs subject to this paragraph;

3. Engage in collective bargaining with the Sheriff and the County Executive of Cecil County, or the designee of the Sheriff and the County Executive, concerning wages, benefits, and any working conditions that are not included in paragraph (5)(iv)1 of this subsection through a labor organization certified as the exclusive representative of the correctional deputy sheriffs subject to this paragraph;

4. Subject to item 2 of this subparagraph, enter into a collective bargaining agreement, through the exclusive representative of the correctional deputy sheriffs subject to this paragraph, covering the wages, benefits, and other working conditions of the correctional deputy sheriffs subject to this paragraph, to the extent that the agreement does not impair the rights of the Sheriff set forth in paragraph (5)(iv)1 of this subsection; and

5. Decertify a labor organization as the exclusive representative of the correctional deputy sheriffs subject to this paragraph.

(3) (i) 1. A labor organization seeking certification as an exclusive representative of the sworn law enforcement deputy sheriffs must submit a petition to the Sheriff and the County Executive that is signed by more than 50% of the sworn law enforcement deputy sheriffs at the rank of captain and below indicating the desire of the deputy sheriffs subject to this subsection to be represented exclusively by the labor organization for the purpose of collective bargaining.

2. A labor organization seeking certification as an exclusive representative of the correctional deputy sheriffs must submit a petition to the Sheriff and the County Executive that is signed by more than 50% of the sworn correctional deputy sheriffs at the rank of lieutenant and below indicating the desire of the correctional deputy sheriffs subject to this subsection to be represented exclusively by the labor organization for the purpose of collective bargaining.

(ii) If the Sheriff and the County Executive do not challenge the validity of the petition within 20 calendar days following the receipt of the petition, the labor organization shall be deemed certified as the exclusive representative.

(iii) If the Sheriff or the County Executive challenge the validity of the petition, the American Arbitration Association shall appoint a neutral third party to conduct an election and to certify whether the labor organization has been selected as the exclusive representative by a majority of the votes cast in the election.

(iv) The costs associated with the appointment of a neutral third party shall be shared equally by the parties.

(v) 1. A labor organization shall be deemed decertified if a petition is submitted to the Sheriff and the County Executive that is signed by more than 50% of the full–time sworn law enforcement deputy sheriffs at the rank of captain and below indicating the desire of the law enforcement deputy sheriffs to decertify the labor organization as the exclusive representative of the law enforcement deputy sheriffs subject to this subsection.

2. A labor organization shall be deemed decertified if a petition is submitted to the Sheriff and the County Executive that is signed by more than 50% of the full–time sworn correctional deputy sheriffs at the rank of lieutenant and below indicating the desire of the correctional deputy sheriffs to decertify the labor organization as the exclusive representative of the correctional deputy sheriffs subject to this subsection.

(4) (i) Following certification of an exclusive representative as provided in paragraph (3) of this subsection, the certified labor organization and the Sheriff and the County Executive shall meet at reasonable times and engage in collective bargaining in good faith.

(ii) The certified labor organization, the Sheriff, and the County Executive shall make every reasonable effort to conclude negotiations on or before February 15 of the year in which a collective bargaining agreement is to take effect to allow for inclusion by the Sheriff of matters agreed on in its budget request to the County Council.

(iii) 1. If the certified labor organization and the Sheriff and the County Executive are unable to reach an agreement before the date set forth in subparagraph (ii) of this paragraph, either the certified labor organization or the Sheriff and the County Executive may seek nonbinding mediation through the Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service.

2. A party seeking nonbinding mediation under subsubparagraph 1 of this subparagraph shall give written notice to the other party and to the Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service at least 15 days prior to the start of the first mediation meeting.

3. The costs associated with the mediator or mediation process shall be shared equally by the parties.

4. The certified labor organization, the Sheriff, and the County Executive shall engage in nonbinding mediation for at least 30 days unless they mutually agree in writing to termination or extension of the mediation or reach an agreement.

5. The contents of the mediation proceedings may not be disclosed by any of the parties or the mediator.

(iv) The County Council shall enact a local ordinance that allows for nonbinding arbitration if the certified labor organization, the Sheriff, and the County Executive are unable to reach an agreement through mediation under subparagraph (iii) of this paragraph.

(5) (i) A collective bargaining agreement shall contain all matters of agreement reached in the collective bargaining process.

(ii) A collective bargaining agreement may contain a grievance procedure providing for binding arbitration of grievances in reference to a labor contract, including grievances related to interpretation or breach of contract.

(iii) A collective bargaining agreement reached in accordance with this subsection shall be in writing and signed by the certified representatives of the parties involved in the collective bargaining negotiations.

(iv) Except as provided in the code and regulations of the county, the provisions of this paragraph and any agreement made under it may not impair the right and the responsibility of the Sheriff to:

1. Determine the mission, budget, organization, numbers, types, classes, grades, and ranks of deputy sheriffs assigned, the services to be rendered, operations to be performed, and the technology to be used;

2. Set the standards of service and exercise control over operations, including the rights to determine work shifts and the number of deputy sheriffs on each shift;

3. Assign and retain deputy sheriffs in positions within the office;

4. Determine and set work projects, tours of duty, schedules, assignments, and methods, means, and personnel by which operations are conducted;

5. Determine and set technology needs, internal security practices, equipment, and the location of facilities;

6. Maintain and improve the efficiency and effectiveness of operations;

7. Hire, direct, supervise, promote, demote, discipline, assign, and with reasonable cause discharge full–time sworn law enforcement deputy sheriffs, with the exception that the promotional process for law enforcement deputy sheriffs up to the rank of captain and the number and composition of trial boards for the discipline process for law enforcement deputy sheriffs at the rank of captain and below are subject to collective bargaining;

8. Hire, direct, supervise, promote, demote, discipline, assign, and with reasonable cause discharge full–time sworn correctional deputy sheriffs, with the exception that the promotional process for correctional deputy sheriffs up to the rank of lieutenant and the number and composition of trial boards for the discipline process for deputy sheriffs at the rank of lieutenant and below are subject to collective bargaining;

9. Determine and set the qualifications of deputy sheriffs for appointment and promotions; and

10. Determine and set the standards of conduct, and with consultation and input from the certified labor organization, adopt rules, orders, policies, regulations, and procedures on mutually agreed on subjects.

(v) A collective bargaining agreement is not effective until it is ratified by the majority of votes cast by the deputy sheriffs in the bargaining unit and approved by the Sheriff, the County Executive, and the County Council.

(6) Nothing in this subsection may be construed to:

(i) Authorize or otherwise allow a deputy sheriff to engage in a strike as defined in § 3–303 of the State Personnel and Pensions Article; and

(ii) Authorize the collection of mandatory membership fees from nonmembers of the employee organization.
Md. Code, Corporations and Associations § 2-605 — MD Code / Article gca / Title 2 / Subtitle 6 / Section 2-605
§2–605.
Status: in_force

(a) Notwithstanding the provisions of § 2–604 of this subtitle, unless prohibited in the charter by reference to this section or the subject matter of this section, a majority of the entire board of directors, without action by the stockholders, may amend the charter of a corporation to:

(1) Change the name of the corporation; or

(2) Change the name or other designation or the par value of any class or series of stock of the corporation and the aggregate par value of the stock of the corporation.

(b) A change in the name or other designation of a class or series of stock under subsection (a)(2) of this section may not change the preferences, conversion or other rights, voting powers, restrictions, limitations as to dividends, qualifications, or terms or conditions of redemption of the class or series of stock.
Md. Code, Commercial Law § 2-712 — MD Code / Article gcl / Title 2 / Subtitle 7 / Section 2-712
§2–712.
Status: in_force

(1) After a breach within the preceding section the buyer may “cover” by making in good faith and without unreasonable delay any reasonable purchase of or contract to purchase goods in substitution for those due from the seller.

(2) The buyer may recover from the seller as damages the difference between the cost of cover and the contract price together with any incidental or consequential damages as hereinafter defined (§ 2-715), but less expenses saved in consequence of the seller’s breach.

(3) Failure of the buyer to effect cover within this section does not bar him from any other remedy.
Md. Code, Business Occupations and Professions § 2-601 — MD Code / Article gbo / Title 2 / Subtitle 6 / Section 2-601
§2–601.
Status: in_force

Except as otherwise provided in this title:

(1) a person may not practice, attempt to practice, or offer to practice certified public accountancy in the State unless licensed by the Board or qualified for a practice privilege under § 2–321 of this title; and

(2) a licensee on emeritus status under § 2–313.1 of this title may not:

(i) practice, attempt to practice, or offer to practice certified public accountancy in the State;

(ii) sign or certify financial statements, tax returns, or audit reports; or

(iii) provide attestation services.
Md. Code, Alcoholic Beverages and Cannabis § 2-217 — MD Code / Article gab / Title 2 / Subtitle 2 / Section 2-217
§2–217.
Status: in_force

(a) The purpose of this section is to eliminate the undue stimulation of the sale of alcoholic beverages and the practice of manufacturers granting secret discounts, rebates, allowances, free goods, or other inducements to selected license holders that contribute to a disorderly distribution of alcoholic beverages.

(b) (1) A licensed manufacturer, resident dealer, or nonresident winery permit holder may not discriminate directly or indirectly in price, discounts, or the quality of merchandise sold between:

(i) one dispensary and another dispensary;

(ii) one wholesaler and another wholesaler; or

(iii) one retailer and another retailer that purchases alcoholic beverages that bear the same brand and trade name, and are similar in age and quality.

(2) A nonresident dealer, resident dealer, nonresident winery permit holder, or nonresident unlicensed manufacturer may not use or promote the use of a practice prohibited under paragraph (1) of this subsection to sell or distribute alcoholic beverages to or through a licensed manufacturer, licensed wholesaler, or county dispensary.

(c) A supplier, nonresident dealer, resident dealer, or nonresident winery permit holder may not make a discount, rebate, or depletion allowance that is offered on a product dependent on the pricing policy or practice of the license holder who is invoiced for the product.

(d) (1) This section does not restrict a manufacturer, nonresident dealer, resident dealer, or nonresident winery permit holder from limiting the quantity of alcoholic beverages to be sold to a license holder under a voluntary or compulsory rationing plan.

(2) A manufacturer, nonresident dealer, resident dealer, or nonresident winery permit holder is not required to sell to all license holders from whom orders are received.
Md. Code, Criminal Procedure § 2-210 — MD Code / Article gcp / Title 2 / Subtitle 2 / Section 2-210
§2–210.
Status: in_force

(a) If a person employed as a watchman or guard believes that a person is trespassing on posted property that is used for a defense-related activity as defined in § 9-701 of the Criminal Law Article, the employee may detain the person and notify a law enforcement officer.

(b) If a law enforcement officer has probable cause to believe that a person has trespassed on posted property that is used for a defense-related activity as defined in § 9-701 of the Criminal Law Article, the law enforcement officer may arrest the person without a warrant for a violation of § 9-702 or § 9-703 of the Criminal Law Article.
Md. Code, Estates and Trusts § 2-209 — MD Code / Article get / Title 2 / Subtitle 2 / Section 2-209
§2–209.
Status: in_force

(a) Any will, probated, or any paper filed in the office of the register may not be delivered out of the office to any person.

(b) When a will or other paper is properly demanded for introduction in evidence, it shall be presented under the care of the register or the register’s deputy.

(c) (1) The register may comply with subsection (a) of this section by

retaining a permanent paper file of a probated will in the office and a copy of any other file associated with the estate in paper, photographic, microprocessed, magnetic, mechanical, electronic, digital, or any other medium if the copy is maintained in a manner that:

(i) Is clear and legible;

(ii) Accurately reproduces the original document in its entirety, including any attachments to the document;

(iii) Is capable of producing a clear and legible hard copy of the original document; and

(iv) Preserves evidence of any signature contained on the document.

(2) No sooner than 180 days following the closing of an estate, the register may dispose of any file associated with the estate other than the will if a copy of the file is retained by the register in accordance with paragraph (1) of this subsection.

(3) In consultation with the Comptroller and the State Archives to ensure uniform application throughout the State, the register shall develop standards in accordance with paragraph (1) of this subsection.
Md. Code, Real Property § 2-123 — MD Code / Article grp / Title 2 / Subtitle 1 / Section 2-123
§2–123.
Status: in_force

(a) In this section, “instrument” means a deed, grant, or other written instrument other than a will as defined in § 4-414 of the Estates and Trusts Article.

(b) This section does not limit the right of an individual to provide for distribution of property by will.

(c) (1) Unless an instrument executed on or after June 1, 1947, clearly indicates otherwise, “child”, “descendant”, “heir”, “issue”, or any equivalent term in the instrument includes an adoptee whether the instrument was executed before or after a court entered an order for adoption.

(2) Unless an instrument executed on or before May 31, 1947, clearly indicates otherwise, “child”, “descendant”, “heir”, “issue”, or any equivalent term in the instrument includes an adoptee if, on or after January 1, 1945, a court entered an interlocutory order for adoption or, if none, a final order for adoption.
Md. Code, Correctional Services § 2-402 — MD Code / Article gcs / Title 2 / Subtitle 4 / Section 2-402
§2–402.
Status: in_force

This subtitle shall be liberally construed in order to effect its purpose to provide mutual aid to a correctional unit during a time of need.
Md. Code, Housing and Community Development § 2-110 — MD Code / Article ghs / Title 2 / Subtitle 1 / Section 2-110
§2–110.
Status: in_force

Whenever law provides that an appointment is to be made by the Secretary with the approval of the Governor and the appointee is to serve at the pleasure of the Secretary, the Secretary may not remove the appointee without the prior approval of the Governor.
Md. Code, Tax - Property § 2-202 — MD Code / Article gtp / Title 2 / Subtitle 2 / Section 2-202
§2–202.
Status: in_force

In addition to the powers and duties set forth elsewhere, the Director has the following powers and duties:

(1) to direct that the Department assess all property that is subject to assessment under this article;

(2) to administer the assessment and tax laws of the State and of each county and municipal corporation;

(3) to direct that the Department enter all taxable property on the assessment rolls and, regardless of whether the property is owned by an individual, corporation, or some other person, to value alike all property of a like kind;

(4) to set standards or units for assessing various kinds of property;

(5) subject to the approval of the Comptroller, to adopt a uniform system of accounts to be used by all collectors of State taxes;

(6) to confer with appropriate county officials and to visit each county as often as necessary;

(7) to direct that the Department require any person to provide complete information as to that person’s ownership of taxable property and to its value;

(8) to direct that the Department investigate, on its own initiative, at any time, any assessment on any property in the State;

(9) to confer, as appropriate, with the Governor, Comptroller, and Treasurer;

(10) subject to § 2–1257 of the State Government Article, to submit to the General Assembly an annual report and any legislation that the Department may recommend for enactment;

(11) to direct that the Department participate in any Maryland Tax Court or judicial proceeding that involves an assessment or tax;

(12) to direct that the Department provide for annual surveys, conducted in the manner required by the Director, to determine the assessment ratios in each county; and

(13) to direct that the Department supply all public branch libraries in the State as soon after issuance as possible with one or more copies of the most current Maryland Assessment Manual, the Assessors’ Administrative Procedures Manual, and the annual supplements to the manuals.
Md. Code, Real Property § 2-106 — MD Code / Article grp / Title 2 / Subtitle 1 / Section 2-106
§2–106.
Status: in_force

A covenant by a grantor in a deed “that he will warrant specially the property hereby granted” has the same effect as if the grantor had covenanted that he will warrant forever and defend the property to the grantee against any lawful claim and demand of the grantor and every person claiming or to claim by, through, or under him.
Md. Code, Health Occupations § 2-4A-05 — MD Code / Article gho / Title 2 / Subtitle 4A / Section 2-4A-05
§2–4A–05.
Status: in_force

Except as otherwise provided in this subtitle, beginning January 1, 2022, an individual shall be licensed by the Board before the individual may engage in the practice of music therapy in the State.
Md. Code, Financial Institutions § 2-118.1 — MD Code / Article gfi / Title 2 / Subtitle 1 / Section 2-118.1
§2–118.
Status: in_force

§2–118.1.

(a) (1) In this section the following words have the meanings indicated.

(2) “Fund” means the Maryland Community Investment Venture Fund.

(3) “Low– to moderate–income tract” has the meaning stated in § 5–203 of this article.

(b) (1) There is a Maryland Community Investment Venture Fund.

(2) The Fund is a private venture fund that:

(i) Is an instrumentality of the State; and

(ii) Uses public and private investment funds.

(c) (1) Subject to paragraph (2) of this subsection, the purpose of the Fund is to develop opportunities for banking institutions and credit unions to better serve the needs of low– to moderate–income tracts by:

(i) Investing in the development of financial product or financial product underwriting innovations that enhance access to capital, funding, and other financial services for businesses in low– to moderate–income tracts in the State;

(ii) Deploying, testing, and evaluating the innovations for providing capital and funding to businesses in low– to moderate–income tracts in the State; and

(iii) Promoting and making the innovations available to banking institutions and credit unions for use in enhancing access to capital, funding, and other financial services for businesses in low– to moderate–income tracts in the State.

(2) With the approval of the Commissioner, the purpose of the Fund may be altered in a manner that is consistent with the intent and requirements of this section.

(d) (1) (i) The Commissioner shall establish a governance structure for the Fund.

(ii) The Commissioner may collaborate with investors in the Fund when establishing the governance structure.

(2) The Commissioner, or the Commissioner’s designee, shall serve on the governing body of the Fund.

(e) (1) The Commissioner may use up to $250,000 from the Banking Institution and Credit Union Regulation Fund established under § 2–118 of this subtitle to cover the expenses associated with establishing the Fund, including accounting, advisory, third–party service provider, marketing, and other necessary expenses.

(2) To encourage private investment, the Commissioner may provide an initial equity capital investment in the Fund in an amount up to $2,500,000 from the Banking Institution and Credit Union Regulation Fund.

(f) (1) Through June 30, 2028, the Commissioner may match an investment made in the Fund by a banking institution or credit union up to the amount of the assessment credit earned by the banking institution or credit union in accordance with § 5–203(d) or § 6–712(c)(4) of this article.

(2) The Commissioner may not make an investment in the Fund after June 30, 2028.

(g) All investment returns or return of capital from the Fund with respect to an investment authorized by the Commissioner shall be credited to the Banking Institution and Credit Union Regulation Fund.

(h) At the direction of the Commissioner, and in addition to any customary and appropriate audits of the Fund, the governing body of the Fund shall obtain the services of an independent third party designated by the Commissioner on an annual basis to evaluate whether the investments made to the Fund comply with this section.

(i) (1) If the Commissioner determines that separate private venture funds are necessary to accomplish the purpose of the Fund, the Commissioner may use money from the Fund to establish additional private venture funds.

(2) An additional private venture fund established in accordance with this subsection shall comply with the requirements of subsections (b) through (f) of this section.
Md. Code, Transportation § 2-103.8 — MD Code / Article gtr / Title 2 / Subtitle 1 / Section 2-103.8
§2–103.
Status: in_force

§2–103.8.

(a) (1) In this section the following words have the meanings indicated.

(2) “Heat island effect” means the phenomenon that occurs when buildings, roads, and other infrastructure absorb and re–emit heat from the sun, causing urban areas to experience higher temperatures than surrounding areas.

(3) “Purple Line” means the light rail transit line between Bethesda in Montgomery County and New Carrollton in Prince George’s County.

(4) “Transportation facility” has the meaning stated in § 3–101 of this article.

(b) (1) The Department shall develop an urban tree program to replace trees that are removed during construction of a transportation facility project, including the area impacted by the Purple Line project.

(2) In developing the urban tree program, the Department shall consult with:

(i) The Department of the Environment and the Department of Natural Resources Forest Service;

(ii) Representatives of businesses that are located in communities where trees are removed as part of a transportation facility project;

(iii) Representatives of communities where trees are removed as part of a transportation facility project;

(iv) County and municipal governments for the communities in which trees are removed as part of a transportation facility project; and

(v) Residents of communities where trees are removed as part of a transportation facility project.

(c) (1) The urban tree program shall:

(i) Provide for the replacement of trees in communities where trees are removed as part of construction of a transportation facility project; and

(ii) Prioritize the initial replacement of trees in communities that are affected by:

1. Environmental justice issues; or

2. The heat island effect.

(2) Trees may be replaced on State, county, municipal, or private property.

(d) The Department, in collaboration with the Department of the Environment, the Department of Natural Resources, and any other State agency that the Department determines is necessary to collaborate with, shall identify sources of funding available for the replacement of trees in accordance with this section.

(e) Nothing in this section may be construed to abrogate or limit the applicability of any requirements or other provisions in the Natural Resources Article that apply to the replacement of trees that are removed during the construction of a transportation facility project.
Md. Code, Alcoholic Beverages and Cannabis § 2-124 — MD Code / Article gab / Title 2 / Subtitle 1 / Section 2-124
§2–124.
Status: in_force

(a) There is a nonresident dealer’s permit.

(b) The Executive Director may issue the permit to:

(1) a bottler, brewer, distiller, manufacturer, rectifier, vintner, or winery;

(2) a sales agent of a person described in item (1) of this subsection, on presentation of proof of the sales agency relationship to the Executive Director;

(3) an importer of beer, wine, or distilled spirits produced outside the United States that purchases directly from the brand owner or from a sales agent of a person described in item (1) of this subsection that:

(i) is authorized by the brand owner to sell in the State; and

(ii) provides proof of the sales agency relationship to the Executive Director; or

(4) an American sales agent of an importer described in item (3) of this subsection, on presentation of proof of the sales agency relationship to the Executive Director.

(c) The Executive Director may not issue the permit to a person that:

(1) is a holder of a wholesaler’s license or retail license;

(2) has an interest in a wholesaler licensed under this article; or

(3) has an interest in any retail license holder.

(d) The permit authorizes the holder to sell beer, wine, or distilled spirits to license holders authorized to receive the beverages.

(e) The permit holder may sell, consign, or deliver from a location outside the State to a person in the State that is authorized to receive them those beers, wines, or distilled spirits that the permit holder:

(1) bottles, distills, imports, manufactures, produces, or rectifies from outside the United States; or

(2) represents as the designated sales agent.

(f) A person who is a bottler, a brewer, a distiller, an importer, a manufacturer, a rectifier, a vintner, or a winery or the designated agent of the person may not discriminate directly or indirectly in price between license holders.

(g) Notwithstanding any other provision of this subtitle, the permit holder may continue to sell, consign, or deliver a brand of beer in the State from outside the State:

(1) to a person in the State who may receive the beer under this article; and

(2) until the person who is the brewer or importer of that brand of beer or the person’s designated sales agent preempts the sales territory by appointing a franchise license holder in accordance with the Beer Franchise Fair Dealing Act under Title 5, Subtitle 1 of this article.

(h) Notwithstanding any other provision of this subtitle, a permit is not required to make direct sales and shipments to a wholesaler in the State from a location outside the continental limits and possessions of the United States.

(i) The permit fee is $200.
Md. Code, Courts and Judicial Proceedings § 2-5A-07 — MD Code / Article gcj / Title 2 / Subtitle 5A / Section 2-5A-07
§2–5A–07.
Status: in_force

(a) The Supreme Bench affirmative action policy that is in effect on January 1, 1983, and as amended from time to time by the judges of the Circuit Court for Baltimore City, shall apply to the personnel system.

(b) The director of personnel shall adopt rules and regulations and establish policies necessary to administer the personnel merit system, including rules, regulations, and policies to:

(1) Specify rules of employment and the responsibilities of the employees;

(2) Establish a classification and compensation plan and provide for its maintenance;

(3) Provide for a job-related program of recruitment, examination, selection, and appointment;

(4) Provide for certification to the appointing authority of lists of candidates whose qualifications for employment have been determined by an appropriate job-related selection process;

(5) Provide for a job-related program of evaluation, reclassification, promotion, transfer, and demotion of employees;

(6) Establish guidelines for the discipline, supervision, termination of employees and for handling employee grievances;

(7) Develop guidelines for hiring part-time, temporary, and contractual employees;

(8) Establish policies governing use of leave and limitations of travel on court business;

(9) Develop training programs and tuition reimbursement policies; and

(10) Provide for any other guideline, procedure, or program necessary to carry out an equitable and efficient personnel system consistent with this subtitle and any other provision of law.
Md. Code, Environment § 2-1210 — MD Code / Article gen / Title 2 / Subtitle 12 / Section 2-1210
§2–1210.
Status: in_force

On review of the study required under § 2–1207 of this subtitle, and the reports required under § 2–1211 of this subtitle, the General Assembly:

(1) May act to maintain, revise, or eliminate the greenhouse gas emissions reductions required under §§ 2–1204.1 and 2–1204.2 of this subtitle; and

(2) Shall consider whether to continue the special manufacturing provisions in § 2–1205(f)(1) of this subtitle.
Md. Code, Alcoholic Beverages and Cannabis § 2-163 — MD Code / Article gab / Title 2 / Subtitle 1 / Section 2-163
§2–163.
Status: in_force

(a) There is a fuel–alcohol permit.

(b) The permit authorizes the holder to establish a distilled spirits plant for the sole purpose to manufacture, process, store, use, or distribute distilled spirits exclusively for fuel.

(c) A permit holder may not establish a distilled spirits plant for beverage purposes.
Md. Code, Environment § 2-106 — MD Code / Article gen / Title 2 / Subtitle 1 / Section 2-106
§2–106.
Status: in_force

(a) A determination by the Department that air pollution exists or that a rule or regulation has been disregarded or violated does not create any presumption of law or finding of fact for the benefit of any person other than this State.

(b) Any proceedings under this title shall be brought by the Department for the benefit of the people of this State.

(c) No person other than this State acquires actionable rights by virtue of this title.
Md. Code, State Personnel and Pensions § 2-405 — MD Code / Article gsp / Title 2 / Subtitle 4 / Section 2-405
§2–405.
Status: in_force

(a) In addition to the payment of wages by cash or check, the State Treasurer, on warrant of the State Comptroller, may pay a wage by direct deposit.

(b) Except as provided in subsection (c) of this section, the payment of wages by direct deposit shall be made in accordance with regulations adopted by the State Treasurer, with the concurrence of the State Comptroller.

(c) The regulations adopted by the State Treasurer under subsection (b) of this section:

(1) may not require the payment of wages by direct deposit for any employee who:

(i) is hired prior to the effective date of the regulations; or

(ii) requests an exemption to the payment of wages by direct deposit; and

(2) shall require that, when an employee is hired, the employee be notified of the right to request an exemption.
Md. Code, Alcoholic Beverages and Cannabis § 2-170 — MD Code / Article gab / Title 2 / Subtitle 1 / Section 2-170
§2–170.
Status: in_force

(a) An applicant for a permit under this part shall:

(1) submit to the Executive Director a completed application on a form that the Executive Director provides;

(2) provide to the Executive Director a copy of the applicant’s current manufacturer’s license;

(3) identify the product manufactured by the applicant that the applicant intends to deliver to a consumer in the State; and

(4) pay a fee of $200 for initial issuance of the permit.

(b) If an applicant meets the requirements of this part, the Executive Director shall issue to the applicant:

(1) a direct beer delivery permit; or

(2) a direct liquor delivery permit.
Md. Code, State Personnel and Pensions § 2-304 — MD Code / Article gsp / Title 2 / Subtitle 3 / Section 2-304
§2–304.
Status: in_force

(a) (1) Employment by the State does not affect any right or obligation of a citizen under the Constitution and laws of the United States or under the Constitution and laws of the State.

(2) Except as otherwise provided in this section or by federal law, a State employee:

(i) may freely participate in any political activity and express any political opinion; and

(ii) may not be required to provide any political service.

(b) Notwithstanding any other law of the State effective on or before June 30, 1973, the restrictions imposed by subsection (c) of this section are the only restrictions on the political activities of an employee, except for:

(1) the restrictions imposed on employees of a local board of elections by § 2-301 of the Election Law Article; and

(2) the restrictions imposed on employees of the Department of Legislative Services by guidelines adopted under § 2-1205 of the State Government Article.

(c) An employee may not:

(1) engage in political activity while on the job during working hours; or

(2) advocate the overthrow of the government by unconstitutional or violent means.

(d) (1) In this subsection, “political contribution” means a contribution as defined in § 1-101 of the Election Law Article.

(2) A public official or an employee of the State may not require any State employee to make a political contribution.
Md. Code, Financial Institutions § 2-117.1 — MD Code / Article gfi / Title 2 / Subtitle 1 / Section 2-117.1
§2–117.
Status: in_force

§2–117.1.

(a) This section does not apply to information relating to publicly adjudicated disciplinary or enforcement actions against banking institutions or credit unions and designated by the Commissioner for access to the public.

(b) Except as otherwise provided in this article:

(1) A person, including the Commissioner and an employee of and the attorney for the Commissioner’s office, may not disclose any information obtained or generated in the course of exercising the Commissioner’s authority to examine banking institutions or credit unions under this article; and

(2) The Commissioner and the employees of and the attorney for the Commissioner’s office may not disclose:

(i) The name of any debtor of a banking institution or credit union; or

(ii) Any information about the private accounts with or transactions of a banking institution or credit union.

(c) The Commissioner and an employee of and the attorney for the Commissioner’s office may disclose the information described in subsection (b) of this section:

(1) If performing a public duty to report on or take special action about the business of a banking institution or credit union;

(2) If testifying as a witness in a criminal proceeding;

(3) If informing any director or authorized officer, employee, or agent of a banking institution or credit union of the results of an examination;

(4) If providing information to any state or federal agency having supervisory authority over the banking institution or credit union;

(5) If providing information about a banking institution to the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, if the banking institution:

(i) Is applying for insurance from the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation; and

(ii) Asks the Commissioner to do so;

(6) If providing information about a banking institution to the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve Bank System or the Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond, if the banking institution:

(i) Is applying for membership in the Federal Reserve System; and

(ii) Asks the Commissioner to do so;

(7) If providing information about a banking institution to the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, if the banking institution:

(i) Is applying to convert to, consolidate or merge with, or transfer assets to a national banking association; and

(ii) Asks the Commissioner to do so;

(8) If providing information about a banking institution to any other state bank regulatory agency if the banking institution:

(i) Is applying to consolidate or merge with or transfer assets to an other–state bank; and

(ii) Asks the Commissioner to do so;

(9) If providing information about a credit union to a credit union share guaranty corporation, if the credit union:

(i) Is insured by the credit union share guaranty corporation; or

(ii) 1. Is applying for insurance from the credit union share guaranty corporation; and

2. Asks the Commissioner to do so;

(10) If providing information about a credit union to the National Credit Union Administration, if the credit union:

(i) 1. Is applying for insurance from the National Credit Union Administration; and

2. Asks the Commissioner to do so; or

(ii) 1. Is applying to convert to or merge with a federal credit union; and

2. Asks the Commissioner to do so;

(11) If providing information about a credit union to another state bank regulatory agency, if the credit union:

(i) Is applying to merge with an other–state credit union; and

(ii) Asks the Commissioner to do so; and

(12) If entering information into evidence under seal in a public enforcement hearing.

(d) Subject to subsections (e), (f), and (j) of this section, and notwithstanding any other provision of State law, the Commissioner may:

(1) Enter into information sharing agreements with any federal or state regulatory agency having authority over banking institutions or credit unions, a federal home loan bank, or any federal or state law enforcement agency, including the Office of Foreign Asset Control, and any successor to these agencies, provided that the agreements prohibit the agencies from disclosing any shared information about a banking institution or credit union without the prior written consent from the Commissioner regarding disclosure of the particular information; and

(2) Exchange information about a banking institution or a credit union, including information obtained or generated during an examination, with any federal or other state’s regulatory agency having authority over the banking institution or credit union or with any federal or state law enforcement agency.

(e) Information shared by the Commissioner under subsection (d) of this section may not be disclosed by an agency under federal or other states’ laws governing the disclosure of public information, or by subpoena, discovery, or admission into evidence in private civil litigation or administrative process, without the prior written consent of the Commissioner.

(f) If the Commissioner receives a record from an agency under an information sharing agreement authorized by subsection (d)(1) of this section and the agency expressly retains ownership of the record, either in writing or by law or regulation, the Commissioner:

(1) May not disclose the record to any person that requests the record under Title 4, Subtitles 1 through 5 of the General Provisions Article; and

(2) Shall forward the request for the record to the agency that owns the record for processing in accordance with the laws or regulations governing disclosure of the agency’s records.

(g) Any provision of Title 4, Subtitles 1 through 5 of the General Provisions Article relating to the disclosure of any information described in subsection (b) of this section shall be superseded by the requirements of this section.

(h) Except as otherwise provided in this section, all information disclosed by the Commissioner or an employee of or the attorney for the Commissioner’s office to any person as permitted under subsections (c) and (d) of this section:

(1) Remains the property of the Commissioner; and

(2) May not be further disclosed by any person without the prior written permission of the Commissioner.

(i) A person who violates any provision of this section is guilty of a misdemeanor and on conviction is subject to:

(1) Forfeiture of the person’s office or employment; and

(2) A fine not exceeding $1,000 or imprisonment not exceeding 2 years or both.

(j) This section does not authorize the Commissioner to share or exchange information in any way that is prohibited by federal law.
Md. Code, Business Occupations and Professions § 2-407 — MD Code / Article gbo / Title 2 / Subtitle 4 / Section 2-407
§2–407.
Status: in_force

(a) Unless a permit is renewed for a 2–year term as provided in this section, the permit expires on the first December 31 that comes:

(1) after the effective date of the permit; and

(2) in an even–numbered year.

(b) (1) At least 1 month before a permit expires, the Board shall mail or electronically transmit to the permit holder:

(i) a renewal application form; and

(ii) a notice that states:

1. the date on which the current permit expires; and

2. the amount of the permit fee.

(2) If an electronic transmission under paragraph (1) of this subsection is returned to the Board as undeliverable, the Board shall mail to the permit holder, at the last known address of the permit holder, the materials required under paragraph (1) of this subsection within 10 business days of the date the Board received the notice that the electronic transmission was undeliverable.

(c) Before a permit expires, the permit holder periodically may renew it for an additional 2–year term, if the holder:

(1) otherwise is entitled to a permit;

(2) pays to the Board a permit fee set by the Board; and

(3) submits to the Board a renewal application on the form that the Board provides.

(d) The Board shall renew the permit of each permit holder who meets the requirements of this section.
Md. Code, Alcoholic Beverages and Cannabis § 2-208 — MD Code / Article gab / Title 2 / Subtitle 2 / Section 2-208
§2–208.
Status: reserved

(a) There is a Class 6 pub–brewery license.

(b) (1) The license may be issued only to the holder of a Class B beer, wine, and liquor (on–sale) license that is issued for use on the premises of a restaurant.

(2) The pub–brewery shall be located immediately adjacent to the restaurant where the malt beverage is to be sold to the public.

(c) A license holder:

(1) may brew malt beverages at a single location for consumption on the restaurant premises; but

(2) may not brew more than 2,000 barrels of malt beverage each calendar year.

(d) (1) A license holder may sell at retail malt beverages for off–premises consumption in a sealed refillable container.

(2) The container:

(i) may be returned for refilling; and

(ii) shall be sealed by the license holder when refilled.

(3) A license holder may not sell malt beverages to a retail dealer in the State for subsequent sale or distribution of the malt beverage under the retail license.

(e) Except for a license transferred to a new location, the license may be transferred under Title 4, Subtitle 3 of this article if an application for transfer is filed at the same time with the local licensing board and the Executive Director.

(f) If the Class B beer, wine, and liquor (on–sale) license of the holder is suspended, the Class 6 pub–brewery license shall be suspended for the same period.

(g) The license is void if:

(1) the restaurant described in subsection (b)(1) of this section ceases to be operated as a restaurant; or

(2) the Class B beer, wine, and liquor (on–sale) license of the license holder is revoked or transferred to a different location.

(h) The annual license fee is $500.

(i) (1) On or before December 1 each year, the Commission shall report to the Senate Education, Health, and Environmental Affairs Committee and the House Economic Matters Committee, in accordance with § 2–1257 of the State Government Article, the total beer production of each Class 6 license holder in the preceding fiscal year, identified by jurisdiction and license holder.

(2) Each holder of a Class 6 license shall report to the Executive Director the information needed to prepare the annual report required under this subsection.

(3) The Commission shall include the information reported under this subsection in the annual report submitted under § 1–316 of this article.
Md. Code, Public Safety § 2-506 — MD Code / Article gps / Title 2 / Subtitle 5 / Section 2-506
§2–506.
Status: in_force

(a) Each DNA record of identification characteristics that results from DNA testing under this subtitle shall be stored and maintained only by the Crime Laboratory in the statewide DNA database system, except as necessary to participate in CODIS.

(b) Each DNA sample obtained under this subtitle shall be stored securely and maintained only by the Crime Laboratory in the statewide DNA repository.

(c) Typing results shall be stored securely in the statewide DNA database system.

(d) A person may not perform a search of the statewide DNA database for the purpose of identification of an offender in connection with a crime for which the offender may be a biological relative of the individual from whom the DNA sample was acquired.
Md. Code, Agriculture § 2-2404 — MD Code / Article gag / Title 2 / Subtitle 24 / Section 2-2404
§2–2404.
Status: in_force

§2–2404. IN EFFECT

// EFFECTIVE UNTIL JUNE 30, 2030 PER CHAPTER 430 OF 2025 //

(a) In this section, “Fund” means the Maryland Leaders in Environmentally Engaged Farming (LEEF) Program Fund.

(b) There is a Maryland Leaders in Environmentally Engaged Farming (LEEF) Program Fund in the Department.

(c) The Department shall administer the Fund.

(d) The State Treasurer shall hold the Fund separately, and the Comptroller shall account for the Fund.

(e) For fiscal year 2026 and each fiscal year thereafter, the Governor shall include in the annual budget bill an appropriation of at least $900,000 to the Fund.

(f) (1) The Fund may be used only to:

(i) Support actions associated with fulfilling the Program’s purpose; and

(ii) Subject to paragraph (2) of this subsection, cover the Department’s administrative costs to administer the Program.

(2) In each fiscal year, not more than 20% of the Fund may be used for administrative costs of the Department.
Md. Code, Environment § 2-102 — MD Code / Article gen / Title 2 / Subtitle 1 / Section 2-102
§2–102.
Status: in_force

It is the policy of this State to maintain the degree of purity of the air necessary to protect the health, the general welfare, and property of the people of this State.
Md. Code, Public Safety § 2-501 — MD Code / Article gps / Title 2 / Subtitle 5 / Section 2-501
§2–501.
Status: in_force

(a) In this subtitle the following words have the meanings indicated.

(b) “Burglary” includes the crimes enumerated in §§ 6–202, 6–203, and 6–204 of the Criminal Law Article.

(c) (1) “CODIS” means the Federal Bureau of Investigation’s “Combined DNA Index System” that allows the storage and exchange of DNA records submitted by federal, state, and local forensic DNA laboratories.

(2) “CODIS” includes the national DNA index administered and operated by the Federal Bureau of Investigation.

(d) “Crime Laboratory” means the Forensic Sciences Division of the Department.

(e) (1) Except as provided in paragraph (2) of this subsection, “crime of violence” has the meaning stated in § 14–101 of the Criminal Law Article.

(2) “Crime of violence” does not include mayhem.

(f) “Director” means the Director of the Crime Laboratory or the Director’s designee.

(g) “DNA” means deoxyribonucleic acid.

(h) (1) “DNA record” means DNA information stored in CODIS or the statewide DNA database system.

(2) “DNA record” includes the information commonly referred to as a DNA profile.

(i) “DNA sample” means a body fluid or tissue sample that is:

(1) provided by an individual who is convicted of a felony or a violation of § 6–205 or § 6–206 of the Criminal Law Article;

(2) provided by an individual who is charged with:

(i) a crime of violence or an attempt to commit a crime of violence; or

(ii) burglary or an attempt to commit burglary; or

(3) submitted to the statewide DNA database system for testing as part of a criminal investigation.

(j) “Statewide DNA database system” means the DNA record system administered by the Department for identification purposes.

(k) “Statewide DNA repository” means the State repository of DNA samples collected under this subtitle.
Md. Code, Commercial Law § 2-701 — MD Code / Article gcl / Title 2 / Subtitle 7 / Section 2-701
§2–701.
Status: in_force

Remedies for breach of any obligation or promise collateral or ancillary to a contract for sale are not impaired by the provisions of this title.
Md. Code, Environment § 2-1305 — MD Code / Article gen / Title 2 / Subtitle 13 / Section 2-1305
§2–1305.
Status: in_force

(a) (1) Each State agency shall review its planning, regulatory, and fiscal programs to identify and recommend actions to more fully integrate the consideration of Maryland’s greenhouse gas reduction goal and the impacts of climate change.

(2) The review shall include the consideration of:

(i) Sea level rise;

(ii) Storm surges and flooding;

(iii) Increased precipitation and temperature; and

(iv) Extreme weather events.

(b) Each State agency shall identify and recommend specific policy, planning, regulatory, and fiscal changes to existing programs that do not currently support the State’s greenhouse gas reduction efforts or address climate change.

(c) (1) The following State agencies shall report annually on the status of programs that support the State’s greenhouse gas reduction efforts or address climate change, in accordance with § 2–1257 of the State Government Article, to the Commission and the Governor:

(i) The Department;

(ii) The Department of Agriculture;

(iii) The Department of General Services;

(iv) The Department of Housing and Community Development;

(v) The Department of Natural Resources;

(vi) The Department of Planning;

(vii) The Department of Transportation;

(viii) The Maryland Energy Administration;

(ix) The Maryland Insurance Administration;

(x) The Public Service Commission; and

(xi) The University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science.

(2) The report required in paragraph (1) of this subsection shall include:

(i) Program descriptions and objectives;

(ii) Implementation milestones, whether or not they have been met;

(iii) Enhancement opportunities;

(iv) Funding;

(v) Challenges;

(vi) Estimated greenhouse gas emissions reductions, by program, for the prior calendar year; and

(vii) Any other information that the agency considers relevant.

(d) Each State agency, when conducting long–term planning, developing policy, and drafting regulations, shall take into consideration:

(1) The likely climate impact of the agency’s decisions relative to Maryland’s greenhouse gas emissions reduction goals; and

(2) The likely impact of the agency’s decisions on disproportionately affected communities identified according to the methodology adopted by the Department under § 1–702 of this article.
Md. Code, Criminal Procedure § 2-103 — MD Code / Article gcp / Title 2 / Subtitle 1 / Section 2-103
§2–103.
Status: in_force

(a) In this section, “primary law enforcement officer” means:

(1) the chief of police, if any, or the chief’s designee, in a municipal corporation;

(2) the chief of police or the chief’s designee in a county with a county police department;

(3) the sheriff or the sheriff’s designee in a county without a police department;

(4) the Police Commissioner or the Police Commissioner’s designee in Baltimore City;

(5) the Secretary of Natural Resources or the Secretary’s designee on any property owned, leased, operated by, or under the control of the Department of Natural Resources;

(6) the chief of police of the Maryland Transportation Authority or chief’s designee on property owned, leased, operated by, or under the control of the Maryland Aviation Administration, the Maryland Port Administration, or the Maryland Transportation Authority; or

(7) the Secretary of State Police.

(b) A police officer may arrest a person throughout the State without limitations as to jurisdiction if:

(1) a warrant has been issued against the person;

(2) the police officer is participating in a joint operation created by an agreement between the primary law enforcement officers;

(3) the arrest occurs within one of the participating jurisdictions in accordance with the agreement; and

(4) the police officer is acting in accordance with regulations that the police officer’s employing unit adopts to carry out this section.

(c) A police officer who acts under the authority granted by this section:

(1) has all the immunities from liability and exemptions as a State Police officer in addition to any other immunities and exemptions to which the police officer is otherwise entitled; and

(2) remains at all times and for all purposes an employee of the employing unit.
Md. Code, Alcoholic Beverages and Cannabis § 2-406 — MD Code / Article gab / Title 2 / Subtitle 4 / Section 2-406
§2–406.
Status: reserved

(a) There is a Class G (aircraft) beer, wine, and liquor license issued by the Executive Director.

(b) The license is valid throughout the State.

(c) The license authorizes the owner or operator of aircraft operated on regularly scheduled flights over any part of the State to sell beer, wine, and liquor in the aircraft for consumption in the aircraft.

(d) The annual license fee is $200.

(e) This section may not be considered repealed by a local or general law unless the law expressly refers to and repeals this section.
Md. Code, State Government § 2-1104 — MD Code / Article gsg / Title 2 / Subtitle 11 / Section 2-1104
§2–1104.
Status: in_force

(a) With the prior approval of the Legislative Policy Committee, a standing committee, in carrying out any of its functions or powers, may:

(1) issue subpoenas;

(2) compel the attendance of witnesses;

(3) compel the production of any papers, books, accounts, documents, and testimony;

(4) administer oaths; and

(5) cause the depositions of witnesses, who reside in or outside of the State, to be taken in the manner provided by law for taking depositions in a civil case.

(b) (1) If a person fails to comply with a subpoena issued under this section or fails to testify on any matter on which the person lawfully may be interrogated, on petition of a member of the standing committee, a circuit court may pass an order directing compliance with the subpoena or compelling testimony and may enforce the order by proceedings for contempt.

(2) Venue and procedures for a proceeding under paragraph (1) of this subsection to direct compliance with a subpoena or compel testimony are as provided in § 2–1803 of this title.

(c) False swearing by a witness before a standing committee is perjury.
Md. Code, Correctional Services § 2-406 — MD Code / Article gcs / Title 2 / Subtitle 4 / Section 2-406
§2–406.
Status: in_force

Necessary expenditures for the purposes of this subtitle shall be made out of any State or local appropriations usually available to a correctional unit.