FrankGoortani/open-us-law huggingface dataset:
Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 101, sec. 32 — MA Code / Part I / Title XV / Chapter 101 / Section 32
Arrest of hawkers, peddlers, transient vendors and door-to-door salespersons; prosecution
Status: in_force

Section 32. The deputy director, inspectors of standards and, within their respective jurisdictions, sealers or deputy sealers of weights and measures, constables and police officers shall arrest and prosecute every hawker and peddler, and transient vendor, who they may have reason to believe is violating any provision of this chapter. The chief of police, a police officer, or other official designated by a city council of a city or a board of selectmen of a town, may arrest and prosecute a person who engages in the sale of goods door-to-door for future delivery who such official has reason to believe is violating the provisions of section thirty-four.

Section 32. The deputy director, inspectors of standards and, within their respective jurisdictions, sealers or deputy sealers of weights and measures, constables and police officers shall arrest and prosecute every hawker and peddler, and transient vendor, who they may have reason to believe is violating any provision of this chapter. The chief of police, a police officer, or other official designated by a city council of a city or a board of selectmen of a town, may arrest and prosecute a person who engages in the sale of goods door-to-door for future delivery who such official has reason to believe is violating the provisions of section thirty-four.
Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 31, sec. 28A — MA Code / Part I / Title IV / Chapter 31 / Section 28A
Appointment of apprentice lineman; age restrictions
Status: in_force

Section 28A. Notwithstanding any general or special law to the contrary, in any city or town which accepts this section, no person shall be eligible to have his name certified for original appointment to the position of apprentice lineman in a municipal light department if that person has reached his thirty-second birthday on the date of appointment. A veteran shall be allowed to exceed the maximum age provision of this section by the number of years served on active military duty, but in no case shall a candidate for appointment be credited with more than 4 years of active military duty.

Section 28A. Notwithstanding any general or special law to the contrary, in any city or town which accepts this section, no person shall be eligible to have his name certified for original appointment to the position of apprentice lineman in a municipal light department if that person has reached his thirty-second birthday on the date of appointment. A veteran shall be allowed to exceed the maximum age provision of this section by the number of years served on active military duty, but in no case shall a candidate for appointment be credited with more than 4 years of active military duty.
Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 29, sec. 2CCCC — MA Code / Part I / Title III / Chapter 29 / Section 2CCCC
Local Aid Stabilization Fund
Status: in_force

Section 2CCCC. There shall be established and set up on the books of the commonwealth a separate fund to be known as the Local Aid Stabilization Fund. The fund shall consist of monies transferred to it from the Gaming Revenue Fund established in section 59 of chapter 23K, all other monies credited or transferred to it from any other fund or source and proceeds from the investment of such funds. Subject to appropriation, the fund shall be distributed to cities and towns as a supplement to other sources of local aid distributions, but shall not be subject to section 5C.

Section 2CCCC. There shall be established and set up on the books of the commonwealth a separate fund to be known as the Local Aid Stabilization Fund. The fund shall consist of monies transferred to it from the Gaming Revenue Fund established in section 59 of chapter 23K, all other monies credited or transferred to it from any other fund or source and proceeds from the investment of such funds. Subject to appropriation, the fund shall be distributed to cities and towns as a supplement to other sources of local aid distributions, but shall not be subject to section 5C.
Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 127, sec. 18 — MA Code / Part I / Title XVIII / Chapter 127 / Section 18
Failure to comply with Secs. 16 and 17; penalty
Status: in_force

Section 18. Any officer named in section sixteen who neglects or refuses to comply with said section or who violates any rule or regulation of the department of public health made under section seventeen shall forfeit not more than fifty dollars.

Section 18. Any officer named in section sixteen who neglects or refuses to comply with said section or who violates any rule or regulation of the department of public health made under section seventeen shall forfeit not more than fifty dollars.
Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 176L, sec. 6 — MA Code / Part I / Title XXII / Chapter 176L / Section 6
Purchasing groups; exemptions
Status: in_force

Section 6. A purchasing group and its insurer or insurers shall be subject to all applicable laws of the commonwealth except that a purchasing group and its insurer or insurers shall be exempt, in regard to liability insurance for the purchasing group, from any law that would: (A) prohibit the establishment of a purchasing group; (B) make it unlawful for an insurer to provide or offer to provide insurance to a purchasing group or its members allowing advantages with respect to rates, policy forms, coverages or other matters, based on their loss and expense experience, which are not afforded to other persons; (C) prohibit a purchasing group or its members from purchasing insurance described in clause (B) on a group basis; (D) prohibit a purchasing group or its members from purchasing a group basis because the group has not been in existence for a minimum period of time or because any member has not belonged to the group for a minimum period of time; (E) require that a purchasing group must have a minimum number of members, common ownership or affiliation, or certain legal form; (F) require that a certain percentage of a purchasing group must obtain insurance on a group basis; (G) otherwise discriminate against a purchasing group or any of its members; or (H) require that any insurance policy issued to a purchasing group or any of its members be countersigned by an insurance agent or broker residing in the commonwealth.

Section 6. A purchasing group and its insurer or insurers shall be subject to all applicable laws of the commonwealth except that a purchasing group and its insurer or insurers shall be exempt, in regard to liability insurance for the purchasing group, from any law that would:

(A) prohibit the establishment of a purchasing group;

(B) make it unlawful for an insurer to provide or offer to provide insurance to a purchasing group or its members allowing advantages with respect to rates, policy forms, coverages or other matters, based on their loss and expense experience, which are not afforded to other persons;

(C) prohibit a purchasing group or its members from purchasing insurance described in clause (B) on a group basis;

(D) prohibit a purchasing group or its members from purchasing a group basis because the group has not been in existence for a minimum period of time or because any member has not belonged to the group for a minimum period of time;

(E) require that a purchasing group must have a minimum number of members, common ownership or affiliation, or certain legal form;

(F) require that a certain percentage of a purchasing group must obtain insurance on a group basis;

(G) otherwise discriminate against a purchasing group or any of its members; or

(H) require that any insurance policy issued to a purchasing group or any of its members be countersigned by an insurance agent or broker residing in the commonwealth.
Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 59, sec. 31 — MA Code / Part I / Title IX / Chapter 59 / Section 31
Verification of lists; oaths
Status: in_force

Section 31. The assessors shall in all cases require a person bringing in a list to make oath that it is true. The oath may be administered by any of the assessors or by their secretary or head clerk, or by any notary public, whose jurat shall be duly authenticated by his seal, or, in this commonwealth, by a justice of the peace. So much of this section as relates to administering the oath shall not apply to Boston.

Section 31. The assessors shall in all cases require a person bringing in a list to make oath that it is true. The oath may be administered by any of the assessors or by their secretary or head clerk, or by any notary public, whose jurat shall be duly authenticated by his seal, or, in this commonwealth, by a justice of the peace. So much of this section as relates to administering the oath shall not apply to Boston.
Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 41, sec. 97 — MA Code / Part I / Title VII / Chapter 41 / Section 97
Police departments; establishment
Status: in_force

Section 97. In towns which accept this section or have accepted corresponding provisions of earlier laws there shall be a police department established under the direction of the selectmen, who shall appoint a chief of police and such other police officers as they deem necessary, and fix their compensation in an amount not in the aggregate exceeding the annual appropriation therefor. In any such town in which such appointments are not subject to chapter thirty-one, they shall be made annually or for a term of years not exceeding three years, as the selectmen shall determine, and the selectmen may remove such chief or other officers for cause at any time during such appointment after a hearing. The selectmen may make suitable regulations governing the police department and the officers thereof. The chief of police shall be in immediate control of all town property used by the department, and of the police officers, who shall obey his orders.

Section 97. In towns which accept this section or have accepted corresponding provisions of earlier laws there shall be a police department established under the direction of the selectmen, who shall appoint a chief of police and such other police officers as they deem necessary, and fix their compensation in an amount not in the aggregate exceeding the annual appropriation therefor. In any such town in which such appointments are not subject to chapter thirty-one, they shall be made annually or for a term of years not exceeding three years, as the selectmen shall determine, and the selectmen may remove such chief or other officers for cause at any time during such appointment after a hearing. The selectmen may make suitable regulations governing the police department and the officers thereof. The chief of police shall be in immediate control of all town property used by the department, and of the police officers, who shall obey his orders.
Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 93, sec. 42A — MA Code / Part I / Title XV / Chapter 93 / Section 42A
Trade secrets; injunctive relief
Status: in_force

[Text of section applicable as provided by 2018, 228, Sec. 70.]

[Text of section applicable as provided by 2018, 228, Sec. 70.]

Section 42A. (a) Actual or threatened misappropriation may be enjoined upon principles of equity, including but not limited to consideration of prior party conduct and circumstances of potential use, upon a showing that information qualifying as a trade secret has been or is threatened to be misappropriated. Upon application to the court, an injunction shall be terminated when the trade secret has ceased to exist, but the injunction may be continued for an additional reasonable period of time in order to eliminate any economic advantage that otherwise would be derived from misappropriation.

(b) In exceptional circumstances, an injunction may condition future use upon payment of a reasonable royalty for no longer than the period of time for which use could have been prohibited. Exceptional circumstances include, but are not limited to, a material and prejudicial change of position prior to acquiring knowledge or reason to know of misappropriation that renders a prohibitive injunction inequitable.

(c) In appropriate circumstances, affirmative acts to protect a trade secret may be compelled by court order.
Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 40, sec. 53 — MA Code / Part I / Title VII / Chapter 40 / Section 53
Restraint of illegal appropriations; ten taxpayer actions
Status: in_force

Section 53. If a town, regional school district, or a district as defined in section one A, or any of its officers or agents are about to raise or expend money or incur obligations purporting to bind said town, regional school district, or district for any purpose or object or in any manner other than that for and in which such town, regional school district, or district has the legal and constitutional right and power to raise or expend money or incur obligations, the supreme judicial or superior court may, upon petition of not less than ten taxable inhabitants of the town, or not less than ten taxable inhabitants of any town in the regional school district, or not less than ten taxable inhabitants of that portion of a town which is in the district, determine the same in equity, and may, before the final determination of the cause, restrain the unlawful exercise or abuse of such corporate power.

Section 53. If a town, regional school district, or a district as defined in section one A, or any of its officers or agents are about to raise or expend money or incur obligations purporting to bind said town, regional school district, or district for any purpose or object or in any manner other than that for and in which such town, regional school district, or district has the legal and constitutional right and power to raise or expend money or incur obligations, the supreme judicial or superior court may, upon petition of not less than ten taxable inhabitants of the town, or not less than ten taxable inhabitants of any town in the regional school district, or not less than ten taxable inhabitants of that portion of a town which is in the district, determine the same in equity, and may, before the final determination of the cause, restrain the unlawful exercise or abuse of such corporate power.
Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 175, sec. 35 — MA Code / Part I / Title XXII / Chapter 175 / Section 35
Salaries of officers, trustees or directors of domestic company; authorization; limitations
Status: in_force

Section 35. No domestic company shall pay any salary or compensation to its five most highly compensated officers, trustees or directors or to any additional officers, trustees or directors whose salary or compensation exceeds $150,000, unless such payment is first authorized by a vote of its board of directors, trustees or a committee thereof. The payment of an amount not in excess of 12.5 per cent of any annual salary, compensation or emolument, or a larger percentage if approved by the commissioner, may by contract be deferred beyond three years. No company shall pay any pension except as provided in section 36.

Section 35. No domestic company shall pay any salary or compensation to its five most highly compensated officers, trustees or directors or to any additional officers, trustees or directors whose salary or compensation exceeds $150,000, unless such payment is first authorized by a vote of its board of directors, trustees or a committee thereof. The payment of an amount not in excess of 12.5 per cent of any annual salary, compensation or emolument, or a larger percentage if approved by the commissioner, may by contract be deferred beyond three years. No company shall pay any pension except as provided in section 36.
Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 43, sec. 65 — MA Code / Part I / Title VII / Chapter 43 / Section 65
Effective date of plan adopted
Status: in_force

Section 65. Upon the adoption by a city of Plan C, it shall become operative as provided in sections one to forty-five, inclusive.

Section 65. Upon the adoption by a city of Plan C, it shall become operative as provided in sections one to forty-five, inclusive.
Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 163, sec. 4 — MA Code / Part I / Title XXII / Chapter 163 / Section 4
Content of agreement of association; execution of agreement
Status: in_force

Section 4. The agreement of association shall state— (a) That the subscribers thereto associate themselves with the intention of forming a trolleymotor or trackless trolley company; (b) The corporate name assumed, which shall be one not in use by any other trolleymotor or trackless trolley company, or by any street railway company, or, in the judgment of the department, so similar thereto as to be likely to be mistaken for it, and shall contain words indicating the object of the company; (c) The termini of the proposed route; (d) The length of the proposed route as nearly as may be; (e) The name of each county, city and town where the proposed route is to be situated; (f) The total amount of the capital stock of the company, which shall not be less than two thousand dollars for each mile, nor in any event less than twenty thousand dollars; (g) The par value of the shares, which shall be one hundred dollars; (h) The names and residences of at least five persons, who shall be subscribers to the agreement of association, to act as directors until others are chosen and qualify in their stead. Each associate shall subscribe to the agreement of association his name, residence, post office address, and the number of shares of stock which he agrees to take, but no subscriber shall be bound to pay more than ten per cent of the amount of his subscription unless the company is incorporated.

Section 4. The agreement of association shall state—

(a) That the subscribers thereto associate themselves with the intention of forming a trolleymotor or trackless trolley company;

(b) The corporate name assumed, which shall be one not in use by any other trolleymotor or trackless trolley company, or by any street railway company, or, in the judgment of the department, so similar thereto as to be likely to be mistaken for it, and shall contain words indicating the object of the company;

(c) The termini of the proposed route;

(d) The length of the proposed route as nearly as may be;

(e) The name of each county, city and town where the proposed route is to be situated;

(f) The total amount of the capital stock of the company, which shall not be less than two thousand dollars for each mile, nor in any event less than twenty thousand dollars;

(g) The par value of the shares, which shall be one hundred dollars;

(h) The names and residences of at least five persons, who shall be subscribers to the agreement of association, to act as directors until others are chosen and qualify in their stead.

Each associate shall subscribe to the agreement of association his name, residence, post office address, and the number of shares of stock which he agrees to take, but no subscriber shall be bound to pay more than ten per cent of the amount of his subscription unless the company is incorporated.
Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 203E, sec. 402 — MA Code / Part II / Title II / Chapter 203E / Section 402
Requirements for creation
Status: in_force

Section 402. Requirements for creation (a) A trust shall be created only if: (1) the settlor has capacity to create a trust; (2) the settlor indicates an intention to create the trust; (3) the trust has a definite beneficiary or is: (A) a charitable trust; (B) a trust for the care of an animal, as provided in section 408; or (C) a trust for a non-charitable purpose, as provided in section 409; (4) the trustee has duties to perform; and (5) the same person is not the sole trustee and sole beneficiary. (b) A beneficiary shall be definite if the beneficiary can be ascertained now or in the future, subject to any applicable rule against perpetuities. (c) A power in a trustee to select a beneficiary from an indefinite class shall be valid. If the power is not exercised within a reasonable time, the power shall fail and the property subject to the power shall pass to the persons who would have taken the property had the power not been conferred.

Section 402. Requirements for creation

(a) A trust shall be created only if:

(1) the settlor has capacity to create a trust;

(2) the settlor indicates an intention to create the trust;

(3) the trust has a definite beneficiary or is:

(A) a charitable trust;

(B) a trust for the care of an animal, as provided in section 408; or

(C) a trust for a non-charitable purpose, as provided in section 409;

(4) the trustee has duties to perform; and

(5) the same person is not the sole trustee and sole beneficiary.

(b) A beneficiary shall be definite if the beneficiary can be ascertained now or in the future, subject to any applicable rule against perpetuities.

(c) A power in a trustee to select a beneficiary from an indefinite class shall be valid. If the power is not exercised within a reasonable time, the power shall fail and the property subject to the power shall pass to the persons who would have taken the property had the power not been conferred.
Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 164, sec. 142 — MA Code / Part I / Title XXII / Chapter 164 / Section 142
Removal of impediments to development of efficient, low-emissions distributed generation
Status: in_force

Section 142. The department shall continue to remove any impediments to the development of efficient, low-emissions distributed generation, including combined heat and power and utility-scale non-emitting renewable thermal energy, taking into account the need to appropriately allocate any associated costs in a fair and equitable manner. For the purposes of this section, ''efficient, low-emissions'' shall mean an efficiency of 60 per cent or greater on an annual basis and emissions lower than required by the department of environmental protection.

Section 142. The department shall continue to remove any impediments to the development of efficient, low-emissions distributed generation, including combined heat and power and utility-scale non-emitting renewable thermal energy, taking into account the need to appropriately allocate any associated costs in a fair and equitable manner. For the purposes of this section, ''efficient, low-emissions'' shall mean an efficiency of 60 per cent or greater on an annual basis and emissions lower than required by the department of environmental protection.
Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 266, sec. 9 — MA Code / Part IV / Title I / Chapter 266 / Section 9
Injury by fire; negligent use in town; damages
Status: in_force

Section 9. Whoever, in a town which accepts this section or has accepted corresponding provisions of earlier laws, sets a fire on land which is not owned or controlled by him and before leaving the same neglects to entirely extinguish such fire, or whoever wilfully or negligently sets a fire on land which is not owned or controlled by him whereby property is endangered or injured, or whoever wilfully or negligently suffers a fire upon his own land to escape beyond the limits thereof to the injury of another, shall be punished by a fine of not more than one hundred dollars or by imprisonment in jail for not more than one month, or both, and shall also be liable for all damages caused thereby. Such fine shall be equally divided between the complainant and the town. This section shall not apply to cities.

Section 9. Whoever, in a town which accepts this section or has accepted corresponding provisions of earlier laws, sets a fire on land which is not owned or controlled by him and before leaving the same neglects to entirely extinguish such fire, or whoever wilfully or negligently sets a fire on land which is not owned or controlled by him whereby property is endangered or injured, or whoever wilfully or negligently suffers a fire upon his own land to escape beyond the limits thereof to the injury of another, shall be punished by a fine of not more than one hundred dollars or by imprisonment in jail for not more than one month, or both, and shall also be liable for all damages caused thereby. Such fine shall be equally divided between the complainant and the town. This section shall not apply to cities.