FrankGoortani/open-us-law huggingface dataset:
Ky. Const. art. I, § 127 — Article I / Section 127
Ky. Const. § 127
Status: in_force

Section 127   (Repealed 1975) 
 
Catchline read at time of repeal:  "Appeal from Circuit Court." 
Repeal Ratified on:  November 4, 1975, effective January 1, 1976. 
History:  Repeal was proposed by 1974 Ky. Acts ch. 84, sec. 1; original version ratified 
August 3, 1891, and revised September 28, 1891.
Ky. Const. art. I, § 140 — Article I / Section 140
Ky. Const. § 140
Status: in_force

Section 140   County Court for each county -- Judge -- Compensation -- Commission 
-- Removal. 
 
There shall be established in each county now existing, or which may be hereafter 
created, in this State, a Court, to be styled the County Court, to consist of a Judge, who 
shall be a conservator of the peace, and shall receive such compensation for his services 
as may be prescribed by law. He shall be commissioned by the Governor, and shall vacate 
his office by removal from the county in which he may have been elected. 
Text as Ratified on:  August 3, 1891, and revised September 28, 1891. 
History:  Not yet amended.
Ky. Const. art. I, § 74 — Article I / Section 74
Ky. Const. § 74
Status: in_force

Section 74   Compensation of Governor and Lieutenant Governor. 
 
The Governor and Lieutenant Governor shall at stated times receive for the 
performance of the duties of their respective offices compensation to be fixed by law. 
Text as Ratified on:  November 3, 1992. 
History:  1992 amendment was proposed by 1992 Ky. Acts ch. 168, sec. 5; original 
version ratified August 3, 1891, and revised September 28, 1891.
Ky. Const. art. I, § 45 — Article I / Section 45
Ky. Const. § 45
Status: in_force

Section 45   Collector of public money ineligible unless he has quietus. 
 
No person who may have been a collector of taxes or public moneys for the 
Commonwealth, or for any county, city, town or district, or the assistant or deputy of such 
collector, shall be eligible to the General Assembly, unless he shall have obtained a 
quietus six months before the election for the amount of such collection, and for all 
public moneys for which he may have been responsible. 
Text as Ratified on:  August 3, 1891, and revised September 28, 1891. 
History:  Not yet amended.
Ky. Const. art. I, § 198 — Article I / Section 198
Ky. Const. § 198
Status: in_force

Section 198   (Repealed 2002) 
 
Catchline at time of repeal:  "Trusts and combinations in restraint of trade to be 
prevented." 
Repeal Ratified on:  November 5, 2002 
History:  Repeal was proposed by 2002 Ky. Acts ch. 341, sec. 2; original version ratified 
August 3, 1891, and revised September 28, 1891.
Ky. Const. art. I, § 30 — Article I / Section 30
Ky. Const. § 30
Status: in_force

Section 30   Term of office of Senators and Representatives. 
 
Members of the House of Representatives and Senators shall be elected at the 
general election in even-numbered years for terms of four years for Senators and two 
years for members of the House of Representatives.  The term of office of 
Representatives and Senators shall begin upon the first day of January of the year 
succeeding their election. 
Text as Ratified on:  November 6, 1979. 
History:  1979 amendment was proposed by 1978 Ky. Acts ch. 440, sec. 1; original 
version ratified August 3, 1891, and revised September 28, 1891.
Ky. Const. art. I, § 210 — Article I / Section 210
Ky. Const. § 210
Status: in_force

Section 210   Common carrier corporation not to be interested in other business. 
 
No corporation engaged in the business of common carrier shall, directly or 
indirectly, own, manage, operate, or engage in any other business than that of a common 
carrier, or hold, own, lease or acquire, directly or indirectly, mines, factories or timber, 
except such as shall be necessary to carry on its business, and the General Assembly shall 
enact laws to give effect to the provisions of this section. 
Text as Ratified on:  August 3, 1891, and revised September 28, 1891. 
History:  Not yet amended.
Ky. Const. art. I, § 208 — Article I / Section 208
Ky. Const. § 208
Status: in_force

Section 208   (Repealed 2002) 
 
Catchline at time of repeal:  " 'Corporation' includes joint stock company or 
association." 
Repeal Ratified on:  November 5, 2002 
History:  Repeal was proposed by 2002 Ky. Acts ch. 341, sec. 2; original version ratified 
August 3, 1891, and revised September 28, 1891.
Ky. Const. art. I, § 107 — Article I / Section 107
Ky. Const. § 107
Status: in_force

Section 107   Additional county or district offices may be created. 
 
The General Assembly may provide for the election or appointment, for a term not 
exceeding four years, of such other county or district ministerial and executive officers as 
may, from time to time, be necessary. 
Text as Ratified on:  August 3, 1891, and revised September 28, 1891. 
History:  Not yet amended.
Ky. Const. art. I, § 111 — Article I / Section 111
Ky. Const. § 111
Status: in_force

Section 111   Composition -- Jurisdiction -- Administration -- Panels. 
 
(1)  The Court of Appeals shall consist initially of fourteen judges, an equal number 
to be selected from each Supreme Court district. The number of judges thereafter shall be 
determined from time to time by the General Assembly upon certification of necessity by 
the Supreme Court. 
 
(2)  The Court of Appeals shall have appellate jurisdiction only, except that it may 
be authorized by rules of the Supreme Court to review directly decisions of administrative 
agencies of the Commonwealth, and it may issue all writs necessary in aid of its appellate 
jurisdiction, or the complete determination of any cause within its appellate jurisdiction. 
In all other cases, it shall exercise appellate jurisdiction as provided by law. 
 
(3)  The judges of the Court of Appeals shall elect one of their number to serve as 
Chief Judge for a term of four years. The Chief Judge shall exercise such authority and 
perform such duties in the administration of the Court of Appeals as are prescribed in this 
section or as may be prescribed by the Supreme Court. 
 
(4)  The Court of Appeals shall divide itself into panels of not less than three 
judges. A panel may decide a cause by the concurring vote of a majority of its judges. The 
Chief Judge shall make assignments of judges to panels. The Court of Appeals shall 
prescribe the times and places in the Commonwealth at which each panel shall sit. 
Text as Ratified on:  November 4, 1975, effective January 1, 1976. 
History:  Repeal and reenactment proposed by 1974 Ky. Acts ch. 84, sec. 1; original 
version ratified August 3, 1891, and revised September 28, 1891.
Ky. Const. art. I, § 221 — Article I / Section 221
Ky. Const. § 221
Status: in_force

Section 221   Government of militia to conform to Army regulations. 
 
The organization, equipment and discipline of the militia shall conform as nearly as 
practicable to the regulations for the government of the armies of the United States. 
Text as Ratified on:  August 3, 1891, and revised September 28, 1891. 
History:  Not yet amended.
Ky. Const. art. I, § 115 — Article I / Section 115
Ky. Const. § 115
Status: in_force

Section 115   Right of appeal -- Procedure. 
 
In all cases, civil and criminal, there shall be allowed as a matter of right at least one 
appeal to another court, except that the Commonwealth may not appeal from a judgment 
of acquittal in a criminal case, other than for the purpose of securing a certification of 
law, and the General Assembly may prescribe that there shall be no appeal from that 
portion of a judgment dissolving a marriage. Procedural rules shall provide for 
expeditious and inexpensive appeals. Appeals shall be upon the record and not by trial de 
novo. 
Text as Ratified on:  November 4, 1975, effective January 1, 1976. 
History:  Repeal and reenactment proposed by 1974 Ky. Acts ch. 84, sec. 1; original 
version ratified August 3, 1891, and revised September 28, 1891.
Ky. Const. art. I, § 212 — Article I / Section 212
Ky. Const. § 212
Status: in_force

Section 212   Rolling stock, earnings, and personal property of railroads subject to 
execution or attachment. 
 
The rolling stock and other movable property belonging to any railroad corporation 
or company in this State shall be considered personal property, and shall be liable to 
execution and sale in the same manner as the personal property of individuals. The 
earnings of any railroad company or corporation, and choses in action, money and 
personal property of all kinds belonging to it, in the hands, or under the control, of any 
officer, agent or employee of such corporation or company, shall be subject to process of 
attachment to the same extent and in the same manner, as like property of individuals 
when in the hands or under the control of other persons. Any such earnings, choses in 
action, money or other personal property may be subjected to the payment of any 
judgment against such corporation or company, in the same manner and to the same 
extent as such property of individuals in the hands of third persons. 
Text as Ratified on:  August 3, 1891, and revised September 28, 1891. 
History:  Not yet amended.
Ky. Const. art. I, § 53 — Article I / Section 53
Ky. Const. § 53
Status: in_force

Section 53   Investigation of accounts of Treasurer and Auditor -- Report, 
publication, submission to Governor and General Assembly. 
 
The General Assembly shall provide by law for monthly investigations into the 
accounts of the Treasurer and Auditor of Public Accounts, and the result of these 
investigations shall be reported to the Governor, and these reports shall be semiannually 
published in two newspapers of general circulation in the State. The reports received by 
the Governor shall, at the beginning of each session, be transmitted by him to the General 
Assembly for scrutiny and appropriate action. 
Text as Ratified on:  August 3, 1891, and revised September 28, 1891. 
History:  Not yet amended.
Ky. Const. art. I, § 64 — Article I / Section 64
Ky. Const. § 64
Status: in_force

Section 64   Division of county or removal of county seat, election required -- 
Minimum population of county. 
 
No county shall be divided, or have any part stricken therefrom, except in the 
formation of new counties, without submitting the question to a vote of the people of the 
county, nor unless the majority of all the legal voters of the county voting on the question 
shall vote for the same. The county seat of no county as now located, or as may hereafter 
be located, shall be moved, except upon a vote of two-thirds of those voting; nor shall any 
new county be established which will reduce any county to less than twelve thousand 
inhabitants, nor shall any county be created containing a less population. 
Text as Ratified on:  August 3, 1891, and revised September 28, 1891. 
History:  Not yet amended.
Ky. Const. art. I, § 1 — Article I / Section 1
Ky. Const. § 1
Status: in_force

Section 1   Rights of life, liberty, worship, pursuit of safety and happiness, free 
speech, acquiring and protecting property, peaceable assembly, redress of 
grievances, bearing arms. 
 
All men are, by nature, free and equal, and have certain inherent and inalienable 
rights, among which may be reckoned: 
 
First: The right of enjoying and defending their lives and liberties. 
 
Second: The right of worshipping Almighty God according to the dictates of their 
consciences. 
 
Third: The right of seeking and pursuing their safety and happiness. 
 
Fourth: The right of freely communicating their thoughts and opinions. 
 
Fifth: The right of acquiring and protecting property. 
 
Sixth: The right of assembling together in a peaceable manner for their common 
good, and of applying to those invested with the power of government for redress of 
grievances or other proper purposes, by petition, address or remonstrance. 
 
Seventh: The right to bear arms in defense of themselves and of the State, subject to 
the power of the General Assembly to enact laws to prevent persons from carrying 
concealed weapons. 
Text as Ratified on:  August 3, 1891, and revised September 28, 1891. 
History:  Not yet amended.
Ky. Const. art. I, § 215 — Article I / Section 215
Ky. Const. § 215
Status: in_force

Section 215   Freight to be handled without discrimination. 
 
All railway, transfer, belt lines or railway bridge companies shall receive, load, 
unload, transport, haul, deliver and handle freight of the same class for all persons, 
associations or corporations from and to the same points and upon the same conditions, in 
the same manner and for the same charges, and for the same method of payment. 
Text as Ratified on:  August 3, 1891, and revised September 28, 1891. 
History:  Not yet amended.
Ky. Const. art. I, § 226 — Article I / Section 226
Ky. Const. § 226
Status: in_force

Section 226   State lottery -- Charitable lotteries and charitable gift enterprises -- 
Other lotteries and gift enterprises forbidden. 
 
(1)  The General Assembly may establish a Kentucky state lottery and may establish 
a state lottery to be conducted in cooperation with other states. Any lottery so established 
shall be operated by or on behalf of the Commonwealth of Kentucky. 
 
(2)  The General Assembly may by general law permit charitable lotteries and 
charitable gift enterprises and, if it does so, it shall: 
 
(a)  Define what constitutes a charity or charitable organization; 
 
(b)  Define the types of charitable lotteries and charitable gift enterprises which may 
be engaged in; 
 
(c)  Set standards for the conduct of charitable lotteries and charitable gift 
enterprises by charitable organizations; 
 
(d)  Provide for means of accounting for the amount of money raised by lotteries 
and gift enterprises and for assuring its expenditure only for charitable purposes; 
 
(e)  Provide suitable penalties for violation of statutes relating to charitable lotteries 
and charitable gift enterprises; and 
 
(f)  Pass whatever other general laws the General Assembly deems necessary to 
assure the proper functioning, honesty, and integrity of charitable lotteries and charitable 
gift enterprises, and the charitable purposes for which the funds are expended. 
 
(3)  Except as provided in this section, lotteries and gift enterprises are forbidden, 
and no privileges shall be granted for such purposes, and none shall be exercised, and no 
schemes for similar purposes shall be allowed. The General Assembly shall enforce this 
section by proper penalties. All lottery privileges or charters heretofore granted are 
revoked. 
Text as Ratified on:  November 3, 1992. 
History:  1992 amendment was proposed by 1992 Ky. Acts ch. 113, sec. 1; 1988 
amendment was proposed by 1988 Ky. Acts ch. 116, sec. 1, and ratified on 
November 8, 1988; original version ratified August 3, 1891, and revised September 
28, 1891.
Ky. Const. art. I, § 49 — Article I / Section 49
Ky. Const. § 49
Status: in_force

Section 49   Power to contract debts -- Limit. 
 
The General Assembly may contract debts to meet casual deficits or failures in the 
revenue; but such debts, direct or contingent, singly or in the aggregate, shall not at any 
time exceed five hundred thousand dollars, and the moneys arising from loans creating 
such debts shall be applied only to the purpose or purposes for which they were obtained, 
or to repay such debts: Provided, The General Assembly may contract debts to repel 
invasion, suppress insurrection, or, if hostilities are threatened, provide for the public 
defense. 
Text as Ratified on:  August 3, 1891, and revised September 28, 1891. 
History:  Not yet amended.
Ky. Const. art. I, § 82 — Article I / Section 82
Ky. Const. § 82
Status: in_force

Section 82   Succession of Lieutenant Governor. 
 
The Lieutenant Governor shall be ineligible to the office of Lieutenant Governor for 
the succeeding four (4) years after the expiration of any second consecutive term for 
which he shall have been elected. 
Text as Ratified on:  November 3, 1992. 
History:  1992 amendment was proposed by 1992 Ky. Acts ch. 168, sec. 6; original 
version ratified August 3, 1891, and revised September 28, 1891.
Ky. Const. art. I, § 200 — Article I / Section 200
Ky. Const. § 200
Status: in_force

Section 200   (Repealed 2002) 
 
Catchline at time of repeal:  "Domestic corporation consolidating with foreign does 
not become foreign." 
Repeal Ratified on:  November 5, 2002 
History:  Repeal was proposed by 2002 Ky. Acts ch. 341, sec. 2; original version ratified 
August 3, 1891, and revised September 28, 1891.
Ky. Const. art. I, § 157B — Article I / Section 157B
Ky. Const. § 157B
Status: in_force

Section 157B   Adoption of budget required for cities, counties, and taxing districts -
- Expenditures not to exceed revenues for fiscal year. 
 
Prior to each fiscal year, the legislative body of each city, county, and taxing district 
shall adopt a budget showing total expected revenues and expenditures for the fiscal year. 
No city, county, or taxing district shall expend any funds in any fiscal year in excess of 
the revenues for that fiscal year. A city, county, or taxing district may amend its budget 
for a fiscal year, but the revised expenditures may not exceed the revised revenues. As 
used in this section, "revenues" shall mean all income from every source, including 
unencumbered reserves carried over from the previous fiscal year, and "expenditures" 
shall mean all funds to be paid out for expenses of the city, county, or taxing district 
during the fiscal year, including amounts necessary to pay the principal and interest due 
during the fiscal year on any debt. 
Text as Ratified on:  November 8, 1994. 
History:  Creation proposed by 1994 Ky. Acts ch. 168, sec. 3.
Ky. Const. art. I, § 207 — Article I / Section 207
Ky. Const. § 207
Status: in_force

Section 207   (Repealed 2002) 
 
Catchline at time of repeal:  "Cumulative voting for directors of corporations -- 
Proxies." 
Repeal Ratified on:  November 5, 2002 
History:  Repeal was proposed by 2002 Ky. Acts ch. 341, sec. 2; original version ratified 
August 3, 1891, and revised September 28, 1891.
Ky. Const. art. I, § 101 — Article I / Section 101
Ky. Const. § 101
Status: in_force

Section 101   Qualifications and jurisdiction of constables. 
 
Constables shall possess the same qualifications as Sheriffs, and their jurisdictions 
shall be coextensive with the counties in which they reside. Constables now in office 
shall continue in office until their successors are elected and qualified. 
Text as Ratified on:  August 3, 1891, and revised September 28, 1891. 
History:  Not yet amended.
Ky. Const. art. I, § 156A — Article I / Section 156A
Ky. Const. § 156A
Status: in_force

Section 156A   General Assembly authorized to provide for creation, governmental 
structure, and classification of cities. 
 
The General Assembly may provide for the creation, alteration of boundaries, 
consolidation, merger, dissolution, government, functions, and officers of cities. The 
General Assembly shall create such classifications of cities as it deems necessary based 
on population, tax base, form of government, geography, or any other reasonable basis 
and enact legislation relating to the classifications. All legislation relating to cities of a 
certain classification shall apply equally to all cities within the same classification. The 
classification of all cities and the law pertaining to the classifications in effect at the time 
of adoption of this section shall remain in effect until otherwise provided by law. 
Text as Ratified on:  November 8, 1994 
History:  Creation proposed by 1994 Ky. Acts ch. 168, sec. 1.
Ky. Const. art. I, § 152 — Article I / Section 152
Ky. Const. § 152
Status: in_force

Section 152   Vacancies -- When filled by appointment, when by election-- Who to 
fill. 
 
Except as otherwise provided in this Constitution, vacancies in all elective offices 
shall be filled by election or appointment, as follows: If the unexpired term will end at the 
next succeeding annual election at which either city, town, county, district or State 
officers are to be elected, the office shall be filled by appointment for the remainder of the 
term. If the unexpired term will not end at the next succeeding annual election at which 
either city, town, county, district or State officers are to be elected, and if three months 
intervene before said succeeding annual election at which either city, town, county, 
district or State officers are to be elected, the office shall be filled by appointment until 
said election, and then said vacancy shall be filled by election for the remainder of the 
term. If three months do not intervene between the happening of said vacancy and the 
next succeeding election at which city, town, county, district or State officers are to be 
elected, the office shall be filled by appointment until the second succeeding annual 
election at which city, town, county, district or State officers are to be elected; and then, if 
any part of the term remains unexpired, the office shall be filled by election until the 
regular time for the election of officers to fill said offices. Vacancies in all offices for the 
State at large, or for districts larger than a county, shall be filled by appointment of the 
Governor; all other appointments shall be made as may be prescribed by law. No person 
shall ever be appointed a member of the General Assembly, but vacancies therein may be 
filled at a special election, in such manner as may be provided by law. 
Text as Ratified on:  August 3, 1891, and revised September 28, 1891. 
History:  Not yet amended.
Ky. Const. art. I, § 241 — Article I / Section 241
Ky. Const. § 241
Status: in_force

Section 241   Recovery for wrongful death. 
 
Whenever the death of a person shall result from an injury inflicted by negligence or 
wrongful act, then, in every such case, damages may be recovered for such death, from 
the corporations and persons so causing the same. Until otherwise provided by law, the 
action to recover such damages shall in all cases be prosecuted by the personal 
representative of the deceased person. The General Assembly may provide how the 
recovery shall go and to whom belong; and until such provision is made, the same shall 
form part of the personal estate of the deceased person. 
Text as Ratified on:  August 3, 1891, and revised September 28, 1891. 
History:  Not yet amended.
Ky. Const. art. I, § 182 — Article I / Section 182
Ky. Const. § 182
Status: in_force

Section 182   Railroad taxes -- How assessed and collected. 
 
Nothing in this Constitution shall be construed to prevent the General Assembly 
from providing by law how railroads and railroad property shall be assessed and how 
taxes thereon shall be collected. And until otherwise provided, the present law on said 
subject shall remain in force. 
Text as Ratified on:  August 3, 1891, and revised September 28, 1891. 
History:  Not yet amended.
Ky. Const. art. I, § 237 — Article I / Section 237
Ky. Const. § 237
Status: in_force

Section 237   Federal office incompatible with State office. 
 
No member of Congress, or person holding or exercising an office of trust or profit 
under the United States, or any of them, or under any foreign power, shall be eligible to 
hold or exercise any office of trust or profit under this Constitution, or the laws made in 
pursuance thereof. 
Text as Ratified on:  August 3, 1891, and revised September 28, 1891. 
History:  Not yet amended.
Ky. Const. art. I, § 117 — Article I / Section 117
Ky. Const. § 117
Status: in_force

Section 117   Election. 
 
Justices of the Supreme Court and judges of the Court of Appeals, Circuit and 
District Court shall be elected from their respective districts or circuits on a nonpartisan 
basis as provided by law. 
Text as Ratified on:  November 4, 1975, effective January 1, 1976. 
History:  Repeal and reenactment proposed by 1974 Ky. Acts ch. 84, sec. 1; original 
version ratified August 3, 1891, and revised September 28, 1891.