Fla. Stat. § 641.3155 — Florida Code / Title XXXVII / Chapter 641 / Part I / Section 641.3155
641.3155 Prompt payment of claims.
Status: in_force

(1) As used in this section, the term “claim” for a noninstitutional provider means a paper or electronic billing instrument submitted to the health maintenance organization’s designated location that consists of the HCFA 1500 data set, or its successor, that has all mandatory entries for a physician licensed under chapter 458, chapter 459, chapter 460, chapter 461, or chapter 463, or psychologists licensed under chapter 490 or any appropriate billing instrument that has all mandatory entries for any other noninstitutional provider. For institutional providers, “claim” means a paper or electronic billing instrument submitted to the health maintenance organization’s designated location that consists of the UB-92 data set or its successor with entries stated as mandatory by the National Uniform Billing Committee.

(2) All claims for payment or overpayment, whether electronic or nonelectronic: (a) Are considered received on the date the claim is received by the organization at its designated claims-receipt location or the date a claim for overpayment is received by the provider at its designated location. (b) Must be mailed or electronically transferred to the primary organization within 6 months after the following have occurred: 1. Discharge for inpatient services or the date of service for outpatient services; and 2. The provider has been furnished with the correct name and address of the patient’s health maintenance organization. All claims for payment, whether electronic or nonelectronic, must be mailed or electronically transferred to the secondary organization within 90 days after final determination by the primary organization. A provider’s claim is considered submitted on the date it is electronically transferred or mailed. (c) Must not duplicate a claim previously submitted unless it is determined that the original claim was not received or is otherwise lost.

(3) For all electronically submitted claims, a health maintenance organization shall: (a) Within 24 hours after the beginning of the next business day after receipt of the claim, provide electronic acknowledgment of the receipt of the claim to the electronic source submitting the claim. (b) Within 20 days after receipt of the claim, pay the claim or notify a provider or designee if a claim is denied or contested. Notice of the organization’s action on the claim and payment of the claim is considered to be made on the date the notice or payment was mailed or electronically transferred. (c)1. Notification of the health maintenance organization’s determination of a contested claim must be accompanied by an itemized list of additional information or documents the insurer can reasonably determine are necessary to process the claim. 2. A provider must submit the additional information or documentation, as specified on the itemized list, within 35 days after receipt of the notification. Additional information is considered submitted on the date it is electronically transferred or mailed. The health maintenance organization may not request duplicate documents. (d) For purposes of this subsection, electronic means of transmission of claims, notices, documents, forms, and payment shall be used to the greatest extent possible by the health maintenance organization and the provider. (e) A claim must be paid or denied within 90 days after receipt of the claim. Failure to pay or deny a claim within 120 days after receipt of the claim creates an uncontestable obligation to pay the claim.

(4) For all nonelectronically submitted claims, a health maintenance organization shall: (a) Effective November 1, 2003, provide acknowledgment of receipt of the claim within 15 days after receipt of the claim to the provider or designee or provide a provider or designee within 15 days after receipt with electronic access to the status of a submitted claim. (b) Within 40 days after receipt of the claim, pay the claim or notify a provider or designee if a claim is denied or contested. Notice of the health maintenance organization’s action on the claim and payment of the claim is considered to be made on the date the notice or payment was mailed or electronically transferred. (c)1. Notification of the health maintenance organization’s determination of a contested claim must be accompanied by an itemized list of additional information or documents the organization can reasonably determine are necessary to process the claim. 2. A provider must submit the additional information or documentation, as specified on the itemized list, within 35 days after receipt of the notification. Additional information is considered submitted on the date it is electronically transferred or mailed. The health maintenance organization may not request duplicate documents. (d) For purposes of this subsection, electronic means of transmission of claims, notices, documents, forms, and payments shall be used to the greatest extent possible by the health maintenance organization and the provider. (e) A claim must be paid or denied within 120 days after receipt of the claim. Failure to pay or deny a claim within 140 days after receipt of the claim creates an uncontestable obligation to pay the claim.

(5) If a health maintenance organization determines that it has made an overpayment to a provider for services rendered to a subscriber, the health maintenance organization must make a claim for such overpayment to the provider’s designated location. A health maintenance organization that makes a claim for overpayment to a provider under this section shall give the provider a written or electronic statement specifying the basis for the retroactive denial or payment adjustment. The health maintenance organization must identify the claim or claims, or overpayment claim portion thereof, for which a claim for overpayment is submitted. (a) If an overpayment determination is the result of retroactive review or audit of coverage decisions or payment levels not related to fraud, a health maintenance organization shall adhere to the following procedures: 1. All claims for overpayment must be submitted to a provider within 30 months after the health maintenance organization’s payment of the claim. A provider must pay, deny, or contest the health maintenance organization’s claim for overpayment within 40 days after the receipt of the claim. All contested claims for overpayment must be paid or denied within 120 days after receipt of the claim. Failure to pay or deny overpayment and claim within 140 days after receipt creates an uncontestable obligation to pay the claim. 2. A provider that denies or contests a health maintenance organization’s claim for overpayment or any portion of a claim shall notify the organization, in writing, within 35 days after the provider receives the claim that the claim for overpayment is contested or denied. The notice that the claim for overpayment is denied or contested must identify the contested portion of the claim and the specific reason for contesting or denying the claim and, if contested, must include a request for additional information. If the organization submits additional information, the organization must, within 35 days after receipt of the request, mail or electronically transfer the information to the provider. The provider shall pay or deny the claim for overpayment within 45 days after receipt of the information. The notice is considered made on the date the notice is mailed or electronically transferred by the provider. 3. The health maintenance organization may not reduce payment to the provider for other services unless the provider agrees to the reduction in writing or fails to respond to the health maintenance organization’s overpayment claim as required by this paragraph. 4. Payment of an overpayment claim is considered made on the date the payment was mailed or electronically transferred. An overdue payment of a claim bears simple interest at the rate of 12 percent per year. Interest on an overdue payment for a claim for an overpayment payment begins to accrue when the claim should have been paid, denied, or contested. (b) A claim for overpayment shall not be permitted beyond 30 months after the health maintenance organization’s payment of a claim, except that claims for overpayment may be sought beyond that time from providers convicted of fraud pursuant to s. 817.234.

(6) Payment of a claim is considered made on the date the payment was mailed or electronically transferred. An overdue payment of a claim bears simple interest of 12 percent per year. Interest on an overdue payment for a claim or for any portion of a claim begins to accrue when the claim should have been paid, denied, or contested. The interest is payable with the payment of the claim.

(7) For all contracts entered into or renewed on or after October 1, 2002, a health maintenance organization’s internal dispute resolution process related to a denied claim not under active review by a mediator, arbitrator, or third-party dispute entity must be finalized within 60 days after the receipt of the provider’s request for review or appeal.

(8) A provider or any representative of a provider, regardless of whether the provider is under contract with the health maintenance organization, may not collect or attempt to collect money from, maintain any action at law against, or report to a credit agency a subscriber for payment of covered services for which the health maintenance organization contested or denied the provider’s claim. This prohibition applies during the pendency of any claim for payment made by the provider to the health maintenance organization for payment of the services or internal dispute resolution process to determine whether the health maintenance organization is liable for the services. For a claim, this pendency applies from the date the claim or a portion of the claim is denied to the date of the completion of the health maintenance organization’s internal dispute resolution process, not to exceed 60 days. This subsection does not prohibit collection by the provider of copayments, coinsurance, or deductible amounts due the provider.

(9) The provisions of this section may not be waived, voided, or nullified by contract.

(10) A health maintenance organization may not retroactively deny a claim because of subscriber ineligibility more than 1 year after the date of payment of the claim.

(11) A health maintenance organization shall pay a contracted primary care or admitting physician, pursuant to such physician’s contract, for providing inpatient services in a contracted hospital to a subscriber if such services are determined by the health maintenance organization to be medically necessary and covered services under the health maintenance organization’s contract with the contract holder.

(12) A permissible error ratio of 5 percent is established for health maintenance organizations’ claims payment violations of paragraphs (3)(a), (b), (c), and (e) and (4)(a), (b), (c), and (e). If the error ratio of a particular insurer does not exceed the permissible error ratio of 5 percent for an audit period, no fine shall be assessed for the noted claims violations for the audit period. The error ratio shall be determined by dividing the number of claims with violations found on a statistically valid sample of claims for the audit period by the total number of claims in the sample. If the error ratio exceeds the permissible error ratio of 5 percent, a fine may be assessed according to s. 624.4211 for those claims payment violations which exceed the error ratio. Notwithstanding the provisions of this section, the office may fine a health maintenance organization for claims payment violations of paragraphs (3)(e) and (4)(e) which create an uncontestable obligation to pay the claim. The office shall not fine organizations for violations which the office determines were due to circumstances beyond the organization’s control.

(13) This section shall apply to all claims or any portion of a claim submitted by a health maintenance organization subscriber under a health maintenance organization subscriber contract to the organization for payment.

(14) Notwithstanding paragraph (3)(b), where an electronic pharmacy claim is submitted to a pharmacy benefits manager acting on behalf of a health maintenance organization, the pharmacy benefits manager shall, within 30 days of receipt of the claim, pay the claim or notify a provider or designee if a claim is denied or contested. Notice of the organization’s action on the claim and payment of the claim is considered to be made on the date the notice or payment was mailed or electronically transferred.

(15) Notwithstanding paragraph (4)(a), effective November 1, 2003, where a nonelectronic pharmacy claim is submitted to a pharmacy benefits manager acting on behalf of a health maintenance organization, the pharmacy benefits manager shall provide acknowledgment of receipt of the claim within 30 days after receipt of the claim to the provider or provide a provider within 30 days after receipt with electronic access to the status of a submitted claim.

1 (16) Notwithstanding the 30-month period provided in subsection (5), all claims for overpayment submitted to a provider licensed under chapter 458, chapter 459, chapter 460, chapter 461, chapter 466, or chapter 490 must be submitted to the provider within 12 months after the health maintenance organization’s payment of the claim. A claim for overpayment may not be permitted beyond 12 months after the health maintenance organization’s payment of a claim, except that claims for overpayment may be sought beyond that time from providers convicted of fraud pursuant to s. 817.234.

(17) Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, all claims for underpayment from a provider licensed under chapter 458, chapter 459, chapter 460, chapter 461, or chapter 466 must be submitted to the health maintenance organization within 12 months after the health maintenance organization’s payment of the claim. A claim for underpayment may not be permitted beyond 12 months after the health maintenance organization’s payment of a claim.

History: s. 1, ch. 98-79; s. 5, ch. 99-393; s. 3, ch. 2000-252; s. 25, ch. 2000-256; s. 12, ch. 2002-389; s. 1584, ch. 2003-261; s. 8, ch. 2008-212; s. 155, ch. 2020-2; s. 2, ch. 2025-45.